Whether milk plasminogen activator is identical with the other activators has been obscure due, to difficulty to obtain good starting materials. Recently, the authors found that human milk, when collected within a week after deliveries, showed remarkable activator activity almost constantly. From these samples, the activator called galactokinase (GK) tentatively was partially purified by chloroform treatment, salting out, gelfiltration and i0n exchange chromatography, and MW (gelfiltration) was ca. 86,000. GK obtained showed basic properties of plasminogen activator. In addition, some different properties were noticed when compared with UK and SK induced activator (SK Act). GK showed high selectivity to D-Phe-Pip-Arg-pNA (originally thrombin substrate), while UK strongly selected Pyroglu-Gly-Arg-pNA and SK Act, D- ValLeu-Lys-pNA. Thus, optimal pH, Km and Vmax of GK were determined. High activity of GK also found in bovine milk collected in early days after deliveries was followed by rapidly decreasing curve of GK activity as seen in human milk.


In the current era the powerpoint presentations containing study slides has emerged vastly for the students or learner by the effective/efficient teachers The discussed topics is hugely used with the help of the cloud computing having its application in it. Interactive Classroom has always been a discussed in the huge crowd of the learners and educators. Here a face to face interaction is available along with quick process of teaching and good understandability between the two way process of teaching and learning. Our system aims at exploiting the potential of computer technology for improving the way we teach and learn. The objective of our research is to enable students within the campus to interact with the lecturer's computer, where lecture notes are available for projection.


Underwater wireless communications are growing very fast along with human needs for applications such as defense, state security, underwater control and monitoring systems. Until now, an acoustic signal is a practical way to achieve long distance communication in the ocean. However, the underwater acoustic channel faces many challenges including limited available bandwidth, long delays, time-variability, and Doppler-spread. These challenges can reduce the reliability of the communication system and the achievement of high data-rate becomes a challenge. Adaptive decision feedback equalization is a method to compensate for the distortion of information signals on the underwater acoustic channel. On the other hand, time reversal is an effective method of overcoming intersymbol interference (ISI) problems which is the effect of multipath phenomena in underwater channels. Spatial focusing on time reversal can reduce the co-existing system disturbances and its temporal focusing makes the received power concentrated within a few taps so that the equalizer design work becomes much simpler. The temporal focusing can also increase the transmission rate. This paper shows that the combination of time reversal and adaptive DFE (TR-DFE) has superior performance than TR and DFE itself. By modifying the step-size parameters in the adaptive DFE, the TR-DFE level of convergence and performance can be improved. The geometry-based modeling which is used proves that distance and multipath variation greatly affect the quality of time reversal communication on the underwater acoustic channel.


The pathogenic bacteria Legionella pneumophila is known to cause Legionnaires' Disease, a severe pneumonia that can be fatal to immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. Shohdy et al. identified the L. pneumophila vacuole sorting inhibitory protein VipF as a putative N‐acetyltransferase based on sequence homology. We have characterized the basic structural and functional properties of VipF to confirm this original functional assignment. Sequence conservation analysis indicates two putative CoA‐binding regions within VipF. Homology modeling and small angle X‐ray scattering suggest a monomeric, dual‐domain structure joined by a flexible linker. Each domain contains the characteristic beta‐splay motif found in many acetyltransferases, suggesting that VipF may contain two active sites. Docking experiments suggest reasonable acetyl‐CoA binding locations within each beta‐splay motif. Broad substrate screening indicated that VipF is capable of acetylating chloramphenicol and both domains are catalytically active. Given that chloramphenicol is not known to be N‐acetylated, this is a surprising finding suggesting that VipF is capable of O‐acetyltransferase activity. Proteins 2016; 84:1422–1430. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a cellular condition in which unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER because of various but specific causes. Physiologic ER stress occurs transiently during myoblast differentiation, and although its cause remains unknown, it plays a critical role in myofiber formation. To examine the mechanism underlying ER stress, we monitored ER morphology during differentiation of murine myoblasts. Novel ER‐derived structures transiently appeared prior to myoblast fusion both in vitro and in vivo. Electron microscopy studies revealed that these structures consisted of pseudoconcentric ER cisternae with narrow lumens. Similar structures specifically formed by pharmacologically induced ER Ca2+ depletion, and inhibition of ER Ca2+ efflux channels in differentiating myoblasts considerably suppressed ER‐specific deformation and ER stress signaling. Thus, we named the novel structures stress‐activated response to Ca2+ depletion (SARC) bodies. Prior to SARC body formation, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), an ER Ca2+ sensor protein, formed ER Ca2+ depletion‐specific clusters. Furthermore, myoblast differentiation manifested by myoblast fusion did not proceed under the same conditions as inhibition of ER Ca2+ depletion. Altogether, these observations suggest that ER Ca2+ depletion is a prerequisite for myoblast fusion, causing both physiologic ER stress signaling and SARC body formation.—Nakanishi, K., Kakiguchi, K., Yonemura, S., Nakano, A., Morishima, N. Transient Ca2+ depletion from the endoplasmic reticulum is critical for skeletal myoblast differentiation. FASEB J. 29, 2137‐2149 (2015). www.fasebj.org


Machine vision system is a modern technique that is used for grading of wide range of agricultural crops. Objective of this research is qualitative sorting of potatoes by means of lighting chamber, Camera, frame grabber and computer for catching proper images and analysis of them by MATLAB software. 110 numbers of Agria potatoes were selected randomly and placed in same lighting conditions. The images were transferred by frame grabber to computer memory to be analyzed. The samples had been pre-graded in the same face witch were placed in lighting chamber and percentage of health class was recorded. By performing pre-processing techniques on images, the compound of HSV color space and logarithmic transformation by coefficient of 0.5 was selected. The correction coefficient of health class of pre-graded method and results of implementing algorithm was 0.989 that it was the highest. Qualitative sorting accuracy in this method was 96.54%.


The positive replication error (RER+) phenotype defines a distinct subgroup of tumors with specific clinical, pathologic, and molecular features that have been documented well in hereditary nonpolyposis colon carcinoma (HNPCC). More recently, this phenotype also has been described in breast carcinoma.


Disclosed is a positive radiation-sensitive composition for use in a discharge nozzle coating method, said positive radiation sensitive composition containing: a polymer [A] having, in the same or different polymer molecules, a structural unit (I) containing a group represented by formula (1), and an epoxy group-containing structural unit; at least one compound [B] selected from a group comprising oxime sulfonate compounds and onium salt compounds; and an organic solvent [C]. The concentration of solid content is 10 -30 mass%, and the viscosity at 25 DEG C is 2.0 mPa DEG s-12 mPa DEG s, and at least an organic solvent (C1) having a vapor pressure of at least 0.1 mmHg and less than 1 mmHg at 20 DEG C is used as the organic solvent [C].


CLINICAL CHILD PSYCHIATRY. By Kenneth Soddy. London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox, 1960. Pp. 470. Price, 42s. Many textbooks of child psychiatry are didactic, dull and discursive and describe syndrome after syndrome in an unimaginative impersonal way. This text by the well-known physician to the Department of Psychological Medicine at University College Hospital, London, is an exception. It is highly entertaining and readable. Its value lies in the simplicity and clarity of its presentation and in the imaginative fashion in which the subject matter is delineated. The chapters are presented in developmental sequence, beginning with discussions of the family, gestation and parturition to later stages of development ending with adolescence. Although the author takes a psychodynamic viewpoint with regard to development, his main focus is on describing the types of clinical problems and syndromes associated with the different developmental periods. Some one hundred clinical cases demonstrating these various syndromes


We designed a study to evaluate the stability and compatibility of anakinra (recombinant human interleukin–1 receptor antagonist) with cimetidine hydrochloride or famotidine in 0–9% sodium chloride injection during a 4–h period at room temperature (22°C) and light. Anakinra was diluted in 0–9% sodium chloride to concentrations of 4 and 36 mg/ml. At each concentration, anakinra was mixed with 3 mg/ml cimetidine or with 1 mg/ml famotidine, in a 50:50 proportion and stored in plastic culture vials with polypropylene caps.


In this paper, a one-dimensional multiphase flow model in a catenary-shaped riser is presented, as well as results obtained through dynamic simulations. The model considers continuity equation for gas, oil and water phases and a simplified momentum equation without inertia terms (nopressure-wave or NPW approximation) for the phases flowing together. Oil and water phases are considered to have the same velocity and are homogenized. Slip between the liquid and gas phases are taken into account by using a drift flux model. Mass transfer between the oil and gas phases are calculated using the black oil model. The numerical solution of the equations is obtained using the method of characteristics. As result of the simulations, the evolution of the pressure at the bottom of the riser is shown for different inflow boundary conditions.


From the definition and the contemporary situations of E-government in China, the author pointed out the background of E-government and the impetus to the development of E-government in China, and analyzed the development trend of the construction of Chinese E-government.


Abstract We say that a class Q of left R-modules is a monic class if a nonzero submodule of a module in Q is also a module in Q. For a monic class Q, we define a Q-dimension of modules that measures how far modules are from the modules in Q. For a monic class Q of indecomposable modules we characterize rings whose modules have Q-dimension. We prove that for an artinian principal ideal ring the Q-dimension coincides with the uniserial dimension. We also characterize when every module has Q-dimension.


We discuss the possible use of charge exchange reactions as a basis for a polarimeter at high energies. Measurements made at the AGS with polarized protons at a beam momentumof 22.1 GeV/c in a con guration suitable for polarimetry are presented. Large asymmetries are observed and the use of deuterium as a target looks particularly encouraging. Let me start out by listing the desirable properties of a high energy polarimeter system. 1) It is important to have \short" measurement times for diagnostics in tuning and monitoring the experiments. Polarimeters are usually compared by a gure of merit de ned as rate A, with A the polarimeter analyzing power. Even though a low analyzing power can be traded o against a much higher rate, there is still a bias toward larger analyzing powers to suppress errors from instrumental asymmetries. 2) Systematic errors can be greatly reduced with a symmetric left-right system. 3) The calibration of the polarimeter must be reproducible. It should not depend on precise voltages and sorting gates. Ideally, one would like a measurement that results in a clear peak above background. 4) Polarimetry is needed from injection energies up to the full energy of the machine (250 GeV at RHIC and close to 1 TeV at polarized HERA). 5) An absolute calibration of the polarimeter is necessary for physics. At RHIC we estimate the relative uncertainty, P/P, should be about 5% or better. 6) The problem is more complicated than just measuring the magnitude of the vertical polarization in one place in the ring. In fact each detector will want to know that the spin has been properly aligned by the spin rotators at their interaction point. It is thus quite likely that multiple polarimeters will be needed. 7) Finally, the polarimeters have to be a ordable. There have been very few analyzing powers measurements above 100 GeV, the range of interest to the new spin programs envisioned at colliders like RHIC and polarized HERA. In addition, many processes are dominated by the non-spinip character of perturbative QCD or Pomeron exchange and thus have very small analyzing powers. Fermilab experiment E704, using polarized protons from lambda decay, found analyzing powers as large as 0.4 for inclusive production [1] at 200 GeV. However, implementation requires magnetic analysis, making cost and space constraints serious issues. Coulomb nuclear interference o ers high rates, and theoretical predictions of the analyzing power have been crudely veri ed [2] in E704. But the small analyzing powers, below 0.05, raise questions about sensitivity to systematic errors. Finally, nuclear targets such as carbon, which are friendly to the ring environment, need to be investigated.


BACKGROUND The literature on knowledge, belief, and uncertainty in artificial intelligence is divided into two broad classes. In epistemic logic (Hintikka 1961, Halpern & Fagin & Moses & Vardi 1995), belief revision theory (Alchourrón & Gärdenfors & Makinson 1985, Gärdenfors 1988, Rott 2001), and nonmonotonic reasoning (Kraus & Lehmann & Magidor 1990, Makinson 2005) qualitative approaches are used to represent the epistemic state of an agent. In probability theory (Pearl 1988, Jeffrey 2004) and alternatives (Dempster 1968, Shafer 1976, Dubois & Prade 1988) epistemic states are represented quantitatively as degrees of belief rather than yes-or-no beliefs (see Halpern 2003 for an overview). One of the distinctive features of ranking functions is that they are quantitative, but nevertheless induce a notion of yes-or-no belief that satisfies the standard requirements of rationality.


The immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay for HIV‐1 p24 antigen was performed in three different ways (in the present immunoassays I, II, and III) within much shorter periods of time than previously reported. In the present (simultaneous) immunoassay I, p24 antigen was incubated simultaneously with 2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐biotinyl‐bovine serum albumin‐affinity‐purified rabbit anti‐p24 Fab′ conjugate and monoclonal mouse anti‐p24 Fab′‐β‐D‐galactosidase conjugate in a total volume of 19 μL for 15 min to form the immune complex comprising the three components. The reaction mixture was incubated with a polystyrene bead of 6.35 mm in diameter coated with affinity‐purified (anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl group) IgG for 5 min to trap the immune complex. After washing, the polystyrene bead was incubated with 35 μL of ϵN‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐L‐lysine for 15 min to elute the immune complex (the first eluate) and, after removing the first eluate, with an additional 35 μL of ϵN‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐L‐lysine for 1 min (the second eluate). The first and second eluates were incubated with a polystyrene test tube (12 × 75 mm) coated with streptavidin for 15 min. In the present (sequential) immunoassay II, a polystyrene bead of 6.35 mm in diameter successively coated with affinity‐purified (anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl group) IgG and 2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐biotinyl‐bovine serum albumin‐affinity‐purified rabbit anti‐p24 Fab′ conjugate was incubated with p24 antigen in a total volume of 20 μL for 5 min and subsequently with monoclonal mouse anti‐p24 Fab′‐β‐D‐galactosidase conjugate in a volume of 5 μL for 20 min. The immune complex formed on the polystyrene bead was transferred to a polystyrene test tube coated with streptavidin as described above. In the present (sequential) immunoassay III, p24 antigen was incubated with monoclonal mouse anti‐p24 Fab′‐β‐D‐galactosidase conjugate in a total volume of 19 μL for 10 min and with a polystyrene bead of 6.35 mm in diameter coated successively with affinity‐purified (anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl group) IgG and 2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐biotinyl‐bovine serum albumin‐ affinity‐purified rabbit anti‐p24 Fab′ conjugate for 20 min. The immune complex formed on the polystyrene bead was transferred as described above. The incubations were performed at room temperature either by shaking the polystyrene beads (one/assay) and the reaction mixtures in styrol test tubes (13.3 × 54 mm and 2.1 g) so as to randomly rotate the polystyrene beads or by rotating the polystyrene test tubes (12 × 75 mm) containing the reaction mixtures, so that small drops (19 to 70 μL) of the reaction mixtures evenly contacted all parts of the solid phase surfaces during the incubations (although they contacted only small parts of the solid phase surfaces at a time) to continuously mix thin aqueous layers covering the solid phase surfaces with the rest of the reaction mixtures. (Therefore, these immunoassays are called thin aqueous layer immunoassays.) The detection limits of p24 antigen by 1 hr assay of bound β‐D‐galactosidase activity in the present immunoassays I, II, and III were 0.1, 0.2 and 0.1 amol/assay, respectively, and were slightly higher than or equal to that by the previously reported immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay, in which the immune complex was formed for 4 hr, was trapped for 16 hr, and was transferred for 3 hr followed by 1‐hr assay of bound β‐D‐galactosidase activity. By 20‐hr assay of bound β‐D‐galactosidase activity, the detection limit of p24 antigen was further lowered to 10 zmol/assay in the present (simultaneous) immunoassay I and to 3 zmol/assay in the present (sequential) immunoassay III. However, the nonspecific reaction(s) with serum samples from HIV‐1 seronegative subjects hampered the improvement of the detection limit by 20‐hr assay of bound β‐D‐galactosidase activity. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 12:205–212, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The invention is a circuit board layout method, comprising the steps of: providing a circuit diagram; establishing and storing electronic components and their attribute parameters in a database; drawing the attribute parameters the circuit diagram indicates from the database and inserting the attribute parameters of electronic components in the circuit diagram in the indication positions of the circuit diagram; when converting a circuit diagram into a circuit layout diagram, a designer obtains sizes, pin positions and connection relations of electronic components and other graphic data at the time of circuit layout design according to the attribute parameters of electronic components in the circuit diagram. And the invention benefits circuit layout design, raising layout efficiency and reducing artificial mistakes.


Dear Editor, We read with great interest the work by Sharma et colleagues titled, "Role of Altered IL33/ST2 Immune Axis in the Immunobiology of Guillain– Barré Syndrome," recently published in the European Journal of Neurology [1]. The authors explored the role played by the IL33/ST2 axis in Guillain– Barré syndrome (GBS) and demonstrated in a truly captivating and exhaustive way its altered activity. In correlation with the clinical features, severity, and outcome, they studied the IL33 and IL1rl1 gene variations and evaluated the IL33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) levels. The immunemediated injury of peripheral nerves could be a consequence of the elevated levels of sST2 found in GBS, which could induce an exacerbated immuneinflammatory response. T cells are important in the immunopathology of immunemediated peripheral neuropathies, and the same authors in previous studies have shown a dysfunction of Th1, Th2, and Th17 [2]. Vitamin D deficiency has been demonstrated in patients with GBS; the immunoregulatory activity of this molecule is well known and in particular its effects on T lymphocytes. Severe vitamin D deficiency avoidance decreases susceptibility to autoimmune diseases and improves immune health [3]. A functional link between the IL33/ST2 axis and vitamin D is suggested by emerging evidence, acting through cellular and metabolic functions as well as hormonal influences and immunemediated effects [4]. In inflammatory conditions, their crosstalk has been hypothesized, and the supplementation of vitamin D and the neutralization of IL33 signaling was suggested as a valuable therapeutic option [5]. In light of the results of the study by Sharma et al., it could be an interesting therapeutic hypothesis that should be further explored also in GBS. In conclusion, we hope that our reflections may offer an additional contribution to speculation and investigation for better understanding GBS immunopathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets.


The emissions of the 0–0 and 1–1 bands of the O2(b1∑g+→X3∑g− transition have been observed at 762 and 771 nm respectively in the photolysis of O3/O2/Ar mixtures at 253.7 nm. From the dependence of these emissions on the concentration of oxygen for various ozone concentrations the following conclusions can be drawn: one-quarter to one-half of the O2(b1∑g+) molecules formed in the energy transfer from O(21D2) to O2(X3∑g−) are in the vibrational state &([a-z]+);′ = 1, the remainder being in the &([a-z]+);′ = 0 state. Furthermore, it is shown that O3 deactivates O(21D2) eight times more effectively than O2. The relative rates of the reactions of O2(b1∑g+), &([a-z]+);′ = 1 with O2 and O3 are also discussed and approximate values of 0.6 and 1.0 are determined relative to the rate of the reaction of O2(b1∑g+), &([a-z]+);′ = 0 with O3.


Purpose: This case-control study was designed to investigate the possible association of the metabolic syndrome (MS) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in healthy males. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the data of 702 men who had a general health check-up without significant evidence of disease. The database for health check-ups included demographic, anthropometric, serum-related and prostate-related data. The presence of the MS was determined according to the NCEP-ATPIII criteria. We compared prostaterelated data between the MS and the non-MS group. Testing for linear trends and logistic regression were performed to determine whether the presence of the MS was associated with an increased risk for BPH. Results: The MS was identified in 166 men (23.6%). There was an increased prevalence of both the MS and BPH along with increasing age. There was a tendency for the total prostate volume and the PSA to increase along with the an increasing number of factors related to the metabolic syndrome. In a comparison between the MS and non-MS group, there were no differences in the prostate-related variables. However, subgroup analysis in men less than 50 showed significant differences in the PSA, total volume and calculated annual growth rate. In addition, only in this group was the presence of the MS a significant risk factor for BPH (odd ratio; OR=2.21, 95% confidence interval; CI 1.28-4.75). Conclusions: The results of this study showed a weak but significant relationship between the MS and BPH, especially in men less than 50. Further longitudinal studies with a larger patient population are required to confirm our findings. (Korean J Urol 2007;48:1016-1021) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


Offspring from preeclamptic women have a greater risk of hypertension and cerebrovascular dysfunction later in life. One of the major contributors of cerebrovascular dysfunction is impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation. In the USA, 1 in 25 pregnancies are preeclamptic. Preeclampsia, as defined as new‐onset hypertension during pregnancy, is an inflammatory condition characterized by elevated interleukin 17 (IL‐17), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), mitochondrial dysfunction (mt‐Dys), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Preliminary work from our laboratory demonstrates that offspring from preeclamptic rats have sex differences. Males have hypertension and a greater impairment of CBF autoregulation, while females have no change in blood pressure with impaired CBF autoregulation. The exact mechanisms for the sex differences in cerebrovascular dysfunction and hypertension is unknown and is the focus of this study. We hypothesize that changes in cerebral mt‐Dys, cerebral mtROS, and circulating IL‐17 contributes to the sex differences in hypertension and cerebrovascular dysfunction in male and female offspring from preeclamptic rats.


Introduction The residual potential of the Northern Apennines is studied basically adopting traditional exploration methods that include the different surface and near-surface expressions of hydrocarbon leakage..We focused on the chain, that was poorly explored, due to the insufficient cover or bad acquisition of reflection seismics in the past. With this study we intend to provide new data of use for the exploration of the Apennines fold and thrust belt. Cold seeps and mud volcanoes in the Northern Apennines are aligned approximately along two belts striking northwest, located respectively near the main divide and along the foothills (Fig. 1). The Northern Apennines are a foldand thrust belt evolved during the Tertiary as a response to the subduction of the Adriatic plate under the European lithosphere. We studied a number of cases of spontaneous fluid emissions by coupling geochemical study on hydrocarbons, saline waters and brines with structural interpretations of the subsurface geology, aiming to fully characterize the tectonothermal evolution of the petroleum system. Here we present three case studies to summarize some of the main results. The first one is located where the upper tectonic nappe of the chain (the Ligurian Unit) provide the main seal and overburden of the Tertiary reservoirs. The second case study pertains to the eastern sector of the Northern Apennines where the Ligurian cover does not occur. The third case study, located at the main divide of the chain, is an example of the fluid emission at the southern limit of the Ligurian nappe.


During the tertiary infilling and adjusting wells in Daqing Oilfield, the thin and poor reservoirs are developed. In order to reduce investment and improve the benefit of the whole development, the gathering and transportation lines are simplified. After using simplified technique, the major problem is the precise of oil is measured by the software at the well head. According to the testing results, some analysis and research work about the problem of contacting wells is carried and a new kind of measuring method is developed which runs by the dynamometer card, which solves the measure problem of contacting well.


Abstract. This paper presents a numerical study of the recurrences (or oscillations) of tropospheric ozone depletion events, ODEs, using the further developed one-dimensional chemistry transport model KINAL-T. Reactive bromine is the major contributor to the occurrence of ODEs. After the termination of an ODE, the reactive bromine in the air is deposited onto aerosols or on the snow surface, and the ozone may regenerate via NOx-catalyzed photochemistry or by turbulent transport from the free troposphere into the boundary layer. The replenished ozone then is available for the next cycle of autocatalytic bromine release (bromine explosion) leading to another ODE. The recurrence periods are found to be as low as five days for the purely chemically NOx-driven oscillation and 30 days for a diffusion-driven recurrence. An important requirement for recurrences of ODEs to occur is found to be a sufficiently strong inversion layer. In a parameter study, the dependence of the recurrence period on the nitrogen oxides concentration, the inversion layer strength, the ambient temperature, the aerosol density, and the solar radiation is investigated. Parameters controlling the recurrence of ODEs are discussed.


Background:
 Cancer treatment induced cardiotoxicity, can be a devastating outcome of cancer therapy. It is possible that a patient can survive cancer but develop cardiovascular disease (CVD).

 Aim:
 to determine whether there are differences in the characteristics of cancer patients who received potentially cardiotoxic cancer therapy and subsequently developed CVD and those who did not.

 Methods:
 This epidemiological study will comprise a retrospective analysis of de-identified linked health data sets, including the Integrated Activity Collection (ISAAC) of Hospital Separations, South Australian Cancer Registry (SACR), Northern Territory Cancer Registry (NTCR) and mortality (Births Deaths and Marriage Registry Data) and NT Hospital Separation data. The total population will be segregated in two distinct groups namely 'Cancer with no HF' and 'Cancer with HF' to compare the between group differences by demographic factors and medical history.

 Results:
 Of the (n=17,389) patients who received chemotherapy cancer treatment between July 2001-June 2017, 49% (8,530) were diagnosed with HF post cancer treatment( median age at cancer diagnosis 65 years; 58% male); crude mortality was 73% within the HF and cancer group; cause of death within this group was HF related 14%; cancer related 63%; other 22% compared to the non HF and cancer group ( median age at cancer diagnosis 58 years; 53% male) who had a mortality rate of 46%; 6.2% CVD related; 68.8% cancer related and 25% other.

 Conclusion:
 After adjusting for age, sex, tumour grade, cancer site and CVD admissions prior to cancer diagnosis patients with CVD and cancer had poorer outcomes.


In this paper we prove a new result connecting the summability methods |N, p n | k with either |N, q n | k or |N, w n | k for given sequences {p n }, {q n }, and {w n } of positive real constants. Several results, some of them known, are deduced


The SDC was born from the first catholic charitable actions and was later consolidated by the proclamation of pontifical texts on the dignity of the human person within economic activity. Though not providing a scientific instruction manual, the SDC proclaims principles and implicitly orients the behavior of the economic agents who refer to it. Transversal studies linking the SDC to the scientific channels of economics and management are rare. The SDC, on its part, proclaims no precise models or strategies for enterprises. A critical study of the main economic currents, of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) stream and of some management models in light of the SDC principles allows identifying the postulates approved by the SDC, as well as the ones disproved, with regard to personal dignity and human development. The SDC is particularly addressed to business executives, as they are the main promoters of an equitable distribution of the added value among the stakeholders, especially if they aspire at a perpetuation of their activities. This teaching allows the justification of a possible coexistence between social equity and economic efficiency. It proclaims that economic progress ought to be constantly converted into development of the common good. Thanks to the universality of its principles, the SDC is likely to be accepted by all people of good will. Business executives of diverse cultural origins implicitly build their objectives and set up their lines of action on these principles. They are convinced that success in their businesses is intimately connected with a permanent concern for respecting the ultimate principle of human dignity.


This study aims to determine the effect of service quality on student satisfaction STMIK Dipanegara Makassar. which consists of the influence of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, physical evidence (tangibles) on student satisfaction at STMIK Dipanegara Makassar. The population of this research is all students of STIMIK Dipanegara and the sample is 100 people informatics management programmer by using slovin method. Data collection is done through observation, interview, and documentation. Hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis with the help of IBM SPSS 22. The results showed that from the five variables only one variable that does not affect the assurance variable (assurance). While the other variables have positive and significant effect.


Abstract 788 Understanding the pathophysiology of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is limited by a complex molecular mechanism and lack of an adequate animal model that recapitulates the role of inflammation in the abnormal hematopoiesis. We recently showed that patients with MDS have expansion of inflammation-related hematopoietic suppressive cells called immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) that display direct cytotoxic and suppressive effects on autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). Expansion of bone marrow (BM) MDSCs contributed to the production of inflammatory cytokines and reduced HPC survival underlying BM failure in lower risk patients. Here we provide evidence that MDSC activation, expansion and development is driven by overexpression of inflammatory-related signaling molecules, myeloid-related protein 8 (MRP8, encoded by S100A8) and MRP14 (encoded by S100A9). Both MRP proteins serve as the native endogenous ligands for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is an important damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) mediating inflammatory response. We found higher expression of MRP8 and MRP14 in BM mononuclear cells from MDS patients compared to healthy donors, in whom these proteins were not detectable. High surface expression of both TLR2 and TLR4 in MDS MDSCs compared to healthy donor MDSCs confirmed that this signaling pathway is activated in MDS. Inhibition of MRP8/MRP14 proteins in MDSCs using specific shRNAs dramatically attenuated IL-10 and TGF-β production and rescued BFU-E and CFU-GM colony formation of autologous bone marrow progenitors. These data show that inflammation-associated MRP8/MRP14 expression plays a critical role in the suppressive activities of MDS MDSCs. We therefore generated S100A9 transgenic mice (S100A9Tg) overexpressing the murine MRP14 homologue and investigated the role of this protein in bone marrow failure. Significant MDSC accumulation was evident in the BM of S100A9Tg mice by 6 weeks, but not in S100 knockout (KO) or wild type (WT) mice. Similar to human MDS, MDSCs from S100A9Tg mice, but not S100KO or WT mice, significantly inhibited BFU-E colony formation. Depletion of MDSCs in vitro rescued BM colony formation in the S100A9Tg mice indicating that the BM suppression is mediated by MDSC cells. TGF-β and IL-10 secretion was significantly increased in S100A9Tg mice, substantiating the role of S100A9 as an essential inflammatory factor that regulating MDSC suppressive activity. Analogous to human MDS, 6-month old S100A9Tg mice developed ineffective hematopoiesis with severe anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia accompanied by MDS-like morphological features. BM aspirates and core biopsies from S100A9Tg mice were hypercellular with trilineage cytological dysplasia characteristic of MDS. Treatment with ATRA, which induced the differentiation of MDSCs rescued hematopoiesis in S100A9Tg mice. Our findings indicate that primary BM expansion of MDSC is sufficient to perturb hematopoiesis and result in the development of MDS, supporting the notion of microenvironment-conducive oncogenesis. S100A9Tg transgenic mice provide a novel in vivo model of human MDS for target discovery and testing of novel therapeutics. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


In this paper, we developed a vegetation cover model for full-wave inversion of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data assuming multiple layers with effective electrical properties. Measurements were performed in the laboratory conditions over spelt wheat grown in a sandy soil, using a stepped-frequency continuous-wave GPR system. In order to control the sand surface water content, a water table was fixed at 20 cm depth as well as time domain reflectometry probes at 2 and 20 cm depth were used. Measurements were performed and recorded hourly for about one month and the canopy height was measured daily. The effective electromagnetic properties of the vegetation layer were modeled using a complex refractive index model combined with a single Debye relaxation model. A scattering loss parameter was included in the electromagnetic full-wave GPR model for the vegetation layer. The measurements resulted in a strong link between the scattering losses of the vegetation cover and canopy height (generally, the biomass structure), which is expected to strongly influence the soil moisture values (measured with GPR) in presence of vegetation cover.


The term "crossing over" is used to denote the exchange of pieces or segments between homologous chromosomes. There are many facts which indicate that the exchange of parts or segments occurs during the first meiotic prophase when the two homologous chromosomes are in intimate association. Prior to 1916 crossing over was thought to take place between the two paired chromosomes before they had divided equationally. BRIDGES, however, in that year, from his study of non-disjunction of the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster came to the conclusion that each chromosome was split equationally when crossing over occurred. Later L. V. MORGAN (1925), ANDERSON (1925) and BRIDGES and ANDERSON (1925) in a beautiful series of eqeriments substantiated BRIDGES' earlier conclusion ; and ANDERSON (1925) and BRIDGES and ANDERSON (1925) further demonstrated that only two of the four strands crossed over at any one level. This was true for both diploids and triploids. REDFIELD (1930, 1932) working with triploid Drosophila found that the I1 and I11 chromosomes likewise crossed over when each chromosome was split equationally. ANDERSON used the phrase "four strand crossing over" to denote the divided condition of the chromosomes at the time crossing over took place in diploids. This term should not be applied to triploids, since it infers diploidy, even though only two of the three chromosomes (four chromatids) are involved in any one point of crossing over. The terms "double strand" or "chromatid crossing over" could be used for both diploids and polyploids since they refer only to the presence of the equational split. In addition to the chromosomes of D . melanogaster, the X chromosomes of D. simulans (STURTEVANT, 1929) and D. virilis (DEMEREC, unpublished) have been genetically proved to cross over at a double strand stage. RHOADES (1932) presented data which proved that the pr-vz chromosome in Zea, the fifth largest in the monoploid complement, crossed over after, or at the time, the equational split occurred. WHITING and GILMORE (1932) reached a similar conclusion for one chromosome of Habrobracon in their study of impaternate daughters from virgin females. As far as the writer is aware, these are the only cases where chromatid or double strand crossing


2023 2nd International Conference on Financial Market and Enterprises Management Engineering (FMEME 2023) was held during 06-07 May, 2023 in Qingdao, China. This conference is an important forum for researchers to exchange information regarding advancements in the state of art and practice of financial market, economic policy, investment, corporate finance, consumer behavior, enterprises management engineering, and its application services, as well as to identify emerging research topics and define the future directions.
The conference program includes keynote presentations, workshops, invited speakers, and parallel presentation sessions. FMEME 2023 aims to increase collaboration between researchers from various universities and countries. FMEME 2023 had 4 invited speakers and 55 presenters. The time spent delivering the talks by each invited speaker was 25-30 minutes following by a question answer session for 20 minutes and 8-10 minutes for each contribution talk. Around 70 participants attended the conference.
On behalf of the committee, we would like to deliver our highest appreciation to the keynote speakers, and all invited speakers who have been willing to spend their time to share their knowledge to all the participants of FMEME 2023. We would like to thank the sponsors and all the organizing committees for their hard work and effort in the accomplishment of this event. Finally, we would like also to thank the reviewers for their valuable advice and support.
Warm Regards,
FMEME Organizing Committees
Qingdao, China


Background Guidelines recommend that patients with myocardial infarction (MI) receive equal care regardless of age. However, withholding treatment may be justified in elderly and frail patients. This study aimed to investigate trends in treatments and outcomes of older patients with MI according to frailty. Methods and Results All patients aged ≥75 years with first‐time MI during 2002 to 2021 were identified through Danish nationwide registries. Frailty was categorized using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. One‐year risk and hazard ratios (HRs) for days 0 to 28 and 29 to 365 were calculated for all‐cause death. A total of 51 022 patients with MI were included (median, 82 years; 50.2% women). Intermediate/high frailty increased from 26.7% in 2002 to 2006 to 37.1% in 2017 to 2021. Use of treatment increased substantially regardless of frailty: for example, 28.1% to 48.0% (statins), 21.8% to 33.7% (dual antiplatelet therapy), and 7.6% to 28.0% (percutaneous coronary intervention) for high frailty (all P‐trend <0.001). One‐year death decreased for low frailty (35.1%–17.9%), intermediate frailty (49.8%–31.0%), and high frailty (62.8%–45.6%), all P‐trend <0.001. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted 29‐ to 365‐day HRs (2017–2021 versus 2002–2006) were 0.53 (0.48–0.59), 0.62 (0.55–0.70), and 0.62 (0.46–0.83) for low, intermediate, and high frailty, respectively (P‐interaction=0.23). When additionally adjusted for treatment, HRs attenuated to 0.74 (0.67–0.83), 0.83 (0.74–0.94), and 0.78 (0.58–1.05), respectively, indicating that increased use of treatment may account partially for the observed improvements. Conclusions Use of guideline‐based treatments and outcomes improved concomitantly in older patients with MI, irrespective of frailty. These results indicate that guideline‐based management of MI may be reasonable in the elderly and frail.


BACKGROUND
Recent studies have shown an association between hypothyroidism and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). When hypothyroidism occurs, accumulation of hyaluronic acid within the trabecular meshwork may cause an increase in outflow resistance and intraocular pressure (IOP). This increase may be reversible with use of systemic treatment.

METHODS
A hypothyroid patient is described whose IOP inversely varied with the use or the discontinuation of systemic hypothyroid medications.

RESULTS
The patient's IOP was controlled when she complied with systemic treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
In some cases, hypothyroidism may contribute to the genesis of open-angle glaucoma. Systemic treatment alone may be adequate to prevent progression of a glaucomatous diseased state. It may be prudent to investigate the presence of undiagnosed hypothyroidism in individuals with poorly controlled POAG, in individuals with normal-tension glaucoma, and in newly diagnosed cases.


Fitri L, Bessania MA, Septi N, Suhartono S. 2021. Isolation and characterization of soil actinobacteria as cellulolytic enzyme producer from Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5169-5180. Cellulolytic actinobacteria are cellulase-producing bacteria capable of degrading cellulose. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, evaluate the cellulolytic ability, and to determine physiological characterization of soil cellulolytic actinobacteria isolated from the Ujung Pancu area, Aceh Besar. Isolation of actinobacteria from soil samples was performed using serial dilution method on Yeast Malt Agar (YMA) medium. Morphological characterization was carried out by growing isolates on YMA, Oatmeal Agar (OA), and Yeast Starch Agar (YSA) media. Cellulolytic ability was determined by calculating the cellulolytic index (IS) on 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) medium after adding 0.1% congo red solution. Physiological characterization of cellulolytic actinobacteria tested in this study was salinity, pH, and carbon source in liquid Yeast Malt (liquid YM), and the growth was measured at a wavelength of 581nm. The results showed that a total of nine isolates of actinobacteria were isolated, which belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Cellulolytic test results showed that eight isolates had the ability to degrade cellulose. Isolates AUP-04, AUP-03, and AUP-01 had the highest cellulolytic index value. Physiological characterization results revealed that three isolates had different tolerances for salinity levels, pH, and types of carbon sources. AUP-03 isolate grew well at 10% salinity with an OD value of 0.88, isolate AUP-01 grew at 5% salinity with an OD value of 0.49, whereas isolate AUP-04 grew well on media that did not contain salinity. All three isolates grew well at pH 6 with OD values of 0.93, 1.12, and 1.27. AUP-03 and AUP-01 isolates grew well on media containing dextrose as carbon source with OD values of 0.154 and 0.17, respectively, while isolate AUP-04 grew well on glucose-containing media with an OD value of 0.22.


Magnesium alloys are very attractive due to their good strength/weight ratio, but magnesium usage has been limited largely due to the poor corrosion properties of magnesium alloys. So understanding their corrosion behaviour is an essential step towards improving their corrosion performance. In this doctoral dissertation, an effort was made to understand the following issues regarding the corrosion mechanisms and behaviour of pure magnesium and magnesium alloys: (1) The effect of crystallographic orientation on the active corrosion of pure magnesium; (2) The surface films formed on pure magnesium after immersion; (3) The surface films formed on Mg-Al intermetallics after immersion; (4) The impurity tolerance limit for corrosion of pure magnesium and magnesium alloy; (5) The corrosion of Mg-Y binary alloys. A range of advanced techniques were employed such as scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Time-of-Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), optical microscopy, in-situ optical microscopy, electrochemical polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), gas collection of hydrogen evolution from corroding samples and calculated phase diagrams. For pure magnesium after active corrosion in 0.1 N HCl, it was found that grains near the (0001) orientation, which has the highest atomic density, are the most corrosion resistant compared with the grains near the (112􀴤0) or (011􀴤 0) orientations. Most grains exhibited a striated structure of long and narrow hillocks along the direction of {0001} and {202􀴤1} plane, which serve as a terrace plane in a hcp metal. For pure magnesium after short immersion times, the initial surface film has a duplex layer structure with an inner MgO layer next to the Mg metal and an external porous layer of hydroxide. The MgO layer is about 3 nm thick while the thickness of Mg(OH)2 outer layer is 3 to 5 nm with increasing immersion times. For Mg-Al intermetallics, Mg17Al12 and Al3Mg2 after a short period of immersion in water, their surface film is about 10 nm thick and is composed of Al and Mg hydroxide. For Al3Mg2, dealloying of Mg was found at the interfacial region with lateral rearrangement of Al atoms to form islands. Inside the surface film, a thin layer of MgH2 was also found covering the metallic Al islands. The calculated phase diagrams provide a metallurgical explanation for the tolerance limit of Fe in pure magnesium and the influence of Al and Mn content on the tolerance limit of Fe in magnesium alloys. A production technique for high-purity castings by means of control of pouring temperature was also proposed based on the current understanding. The corrosion behaviour of a series of Mg-Y binary alloys in chloride and sulphate solutions was studied. Although Mg-Y intermetallic can cause micro galvanic corrosion, yttrium incorporated in the surface film can improve the corrosion resistance. So yttrium can have a dual effect on the corrosion of Mg alloy. The overall effect is dependent on the electrolyte. In NaCl solutions, chloride ions can penetrate the surface film and cause active micro-galvanic corrosion. So the corrosion rate of two phase Mg-Y alloys increased with increasing Y content due to the increasing amount of Mg-Y intermetallic. In Na2SO4 solution, the protective nature of the surface film controls the corrosion behaviour, so the corrosion rate of two phase Mg-Y alloys decreased with increasing Y content due to the increasing amount of Y incorporated in the surface film. In present work, a mechanism is proposed for filiform corrosion on Mg alloys.


A one-pot, highly diastereoselective synthesis of chroman derivatives with three contiguous stereogenic centers is described. In this reaction, three transformations (iminium formation/Morita-Bayli...


Construction of prognoses about environmental changes demands simulations of massive multi-agent models. This work evaluates the hypothesis that the combined use of techniques such as annotation and bag of tasks can result in flexible and scalable platforms for multi-agent simulation. Although these are well known techniques, most environmental modeling platforms use other approaches to provide high performance computing. In general, the approach used is dependent of the modeling paradigm theses platforms implement. We are looking for approaches that can cope with multiple modeling paradigms. To evaluate our hypothesis, the TerraME modeling platform was extended to run over SMPs (Symmetric Multiprocessors) architectures and used in real case studies. While annotation allows modelers to implement different parallelization strategies without prevent models to run over sequential architectures, the bag of tasks provides load balancing over multiprocessors. The results demonstrated that 35% of linear speedup can be obtained for models with high dependence among tasks, when 8 processors are used. Moreover, for models that have low data or control dependencies, around 90% of linear speedup can be obtained.


The Al-Ni/7050 composites containing two different mass fractions 5% and 10% of Ni have been fabricated by in melt reaction method,microscopic structure indicates that in situ forming Al-Ni phases vary in sizes,which are mainly above 50 μm.Fracture analysis shows that large Al-Ni brittle phase is the major reason of fracture failure.Microscopic structure of composites after multi-step hot/cold rolling showed that Al-Ni phase structure changed progressively,a new measurement method of the second-phase particle was introduced to characterize the change law of the reinforcing Al-Ni phase,the measurement result showed that,reinforcing Al-Ni particle was smashed,transformed from original long slab to nearly isometric grains,but during the hot/cold rolling process,Al-Ni phase size changed differently,and cold-rolling is more effective in smashing the Al-Ni phase than hot-rolling,hot rolling is inclined to maintain the edges of Al-Ni phase,hardness measurement indicated that corresponding relationship can be found between the hardness peak value and Al-Ni phase size,and hardening trend was obvious in Al-Ni/7050 composites after cold rolling process.


Based on detailed division and correlation of reservoir sandstones in Linnan oilfield, the insulating layers are systemically studied through core observation and well logging analysis. According to lithology and lithofacies of the layers, they are divided into mudstone insulating layers (typeⅠ), siltstone ones (type Ⅱ) and carbonate-bearing ones (type Ⅲ). Because of facies variation, typeⅠ insulating layers are subdivided into Ⅰ~1 and Ⅰ~2, and type Ⅱ into Ⅱ~1 and Ⅱ~2. All the insulating layers have different well logging features, sedimentary assemblages and spatial distributions. Discontinuity of the insulating layers could make nearby sand layers connected. The connection between sandbar bodies or channel sand ones shows different origins and distinguished well logging models. The spatial distribution characteristics of each insulating layer are concluded by the research of more than 110 well loggings, thus providing basic data for the prediction of residual oil and selection of exploitation methods.


A software‐based method for real‐time, active stabilization of tunable diode laser spectral scans is described. The procedure is suitable for use with field and laboratory instrumentation where automated, unattended spectrometer operation is required. An autocorrelation of two high‐resolution reference gas infrared spectra is computed at regular intervals, and the location of the maximum value of the autocorrelation provides the relative abscissa shift between the spectra. Small adjustments to the laser scan parameters are thereby made to ensure that drifts in the laser output frequency are tracked and compensated. Calculations required for stabilization of a 512‐point spectrum can be completed in under 25 ms using an inexpensive, moderate‐speed, array processor installed in a PC.


IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) intends to provide low-power ubiquitous communications between devices. However, energy utilization by devices (or nodes) in the network often impacts the application functionality and lifetime due to limited battery capacity. For instance, in the typical multihop LR-WPAN used for data detection and monitoring, the traffic flow often converges to the data sink and such a many-to-one pattern typically results in energy imbalance. Previous research has proposed many approaches to solve this issue. However, a common limitation is about using the idealized energy model, such as "first order radio model", which is the idealized estimation for RF transmission energy cost of the node. In this paper, we develop a realistic and representative LR-WPAN RF transceiver energy model from the measured data on Chipcon CC2420 and corresponding power control policy. Further, with this energy model, we formulate an optimized energy balanced chain (OEBC) model to maximize the network lifetime. Finally, the OEBC model is applied to develop the network deployment strategy by optimizing node placement, node density and traffic flow distribution.


Results of tests and investigations on the DB aimed at improving track for speeds of up to 200 km/h are presented. The article includes a study of vehicle/track dynamics and defines three track quality criteria to assess safety, riding comfort and vehicle maintenance requirements.


The epidemiology of Rhodococcus equi foal pneumonia is changing and remains ill-defined. Few foal-specific or farm-specific factors have been correlated with occurrence of this disease. The density of mares and foals and the airborne concentration of virulent isolates of R. equi are associated with the disease, but a causal relationship has not been established for either factor. Author's address: Equine Infectious Disease Laboratory, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 778434475; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. © 2010 AAEP.


To solve the problem of excessive enhancement when a POSHE algorithm is used to enhance infrared images,a histogram transform method based on 'optimal gray-level distribution' fitting is put forward and is verified in a MATLAB simulation experiment.The result shows that the method can not only alleviate the problem of excessive enhancement and eliminate the block effect phenomenon due to processing by the POSHE algorithm,but also inhibit the 'cold reflection image' of a cooled infrared detector.The whole information of an infrared image can be retained and form good visual effectiveness while the contrast of the image is enhanced.


In many countries, the transformation by the state of increasing areas of land and aquatic resources into strictly protected areas has included a total restriction on the use of park resources by the local people, causing poverty and social conflict, and in some cases further environmental deterioration. This essay examines the forms of management in national parks in developing countries in general, and in Thailand and Madagascar in particular.


Background: Although cardiac inflammation and fibrosis are closely associated with the progression of cardiac remodeling, little is known about the relative role of inflammation- and fibrosis-relat...


Main and side products from reaction of caryophyllene oxide and formic acid have been isolated using column chromatography with silica gel 60 G as stationary phase and n-hexane : ethyl acetat (9:1, v/v) as mobile phase. The first and second fraction were analyzed using infrared spectrophotometer, gas chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Caryophyllene formiate as a main product was found in the first fraction. The side product that had been identified were 4,10,10-trimethyl-7-methylenebicyclo[6,2,0] decane-4-carbaldehyde, 2-(9hydroxy-4,4,8-trimethyltricyclo[6,3,1,01,5]dodecyl)metanoate, clovanediol,4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene3-bicyclo-[7,2,0]-undecen-5-ol,2,5-(6,10,10-imethyltricyclo[7,2,1,01,9]dodecyl)metanedioat, and derivative of caryophyllene formiate.


Teaching literary translation is one of the key objectives of a competent professional formation. The problem consists in its implementation in strictly defined time limits. Drawing on the existing methods of teaching foreign languages, the author examines the most effective approaches to teaching translation learning. The article presents the author's system of training foreign language literary translation in a non-linguistic high school.


INTRODUCTION Manufacturers' representatives sell noncompeting product lines on a commission basis within specific territories on behalf of several manufacturers. They perform the selling function on an extended contract basis usually without taking possession, or ownership, of products. In this paper, manufacturers' representatives are referred to as MRs and manufacturers are called principals, as they are commonly identified in the literature. Principals benefit from the MR's sales experience, established customer contacts and the MR's ability to cover territories that are not served by a direct sales force. They also benefit by not having to incur the costs required to staff and supervise a company owned sales force. However, a significant trade-off exists. Customers may be loyal to a manufacturer at one time and then develop stronger relationships with the MR. There is the potential for a principal to lose customers if the MR chooses to terminate the relationship. A remedy for the principal is to ensure that the MR perceives the MR-Principal relationship to be effective and that it leads to acceptable sales performance. Furthermore, the principal would want to develop MR dependence on the interfirm relationship. To that end, this study explored the influence of principals' communication and customer orientation on the MR's perceptions of effectiveness and performance. In turn, these outcomes are examined in relation to dependence. Research pertaining to working relationships between manufacturers and manufacturers' representatives is limited, even though the growth of sales revenues from this type of relationship is significant. The most recent economic census (released November 24, 2009) reported there are 45,213 U.S. MR firms (U.S. Census Bureau, Economic Census, 2007). A previous census reported 32,320 MR firms operating within the United States (U.S. Census Bureau, Economic Census, 2002), representing a growth of 39.9%. Because MRs are boundary spanners working on behalf of principals Study findings complement research that has examined differences in the quality of MR-principal relationships (Sibley & Teas, 1979), described how the firms develop and maintain relationships (McQuiston, 2001), and explained the structuring of these relationships (Dishman, 1996). BACKGROUND Firms are eager to outsource because it allows them to focus on core competencies and reduce costs, thus achieving competitive advantages and beneficial bottom-line results. However, outsourcing does not contribute to success unless it is implemented effectively. Many firms are able to develop reasonably accurate estimates of outsourcing costs but it may be difficult for them to interact effectively with independently owned firms. Therefore, understanding how a firm's communication and customer orientation influences a partnering firm is important. As noted, there is the potential for a principal to lose customers if the MR chooses to terminate the relationship so understanding factors that influence these outcomes is beneficial. Frequent interactions between the MR and principal occur as they rely on each other to perform their respective roles. When performing a quasi-employee role, an MR is influenced in much the same way as a principal's own internal employees would be influenced. The principal undertakes internal marketing through communication with the MR in tandem with providing sales support (e.g., product training and technical support). Similar to an internal employee judging the principal's actions, the MR does so when evaluating effectiveness of the principal. Effectiveness of a principal is defined as the extent to which the MR is committed to the relationship and finds it to be productive and worthwhile. This definition mirrors a definition of perceived effectiveness (Bucklin & Sengupta, 1993) that emphasizes mutual perceptions held by firms: "The extent to which both firms are committed to the alliance and find it to be productive and worthwhile. …


The utility model discloses a foldable crawling body builder with linkage mechanisms. The crawling body builder is provided with a front track and a rear track, wherein the front track is connected with the rear track movably; the front track is provided with an upper limb sliding body; the rear track is provided with a lower limb sliding body; the upper limb sliding body is connected with a front linkage mechanism; the lower limb sliding body is connected with a rear linkage mechanism; the front linkage mechanism is movably connected with the rear linkage mechanism; and the upper limb sliding body and the lower limb sliding body are provided with linkage ropes and/or flexible straps. The foldable crawling body builder with the linkage mechanisms can be folded, occupies small storage space, has a linkage function, and is simple in structure and convenient to operate; and a body building effect can be improved.


The aims of study are to shed light on the most recent trends and issues addressed by the versions of IATA organization for air transport during the period October 2007 - October 2012; and to assess of the current situation in the Royal Jordanian and King Hussein Airport in the light of recent trends of the IATA during the period October 2007 - October 2012. The study tried to examine the Hypotheses of study saying that: the staff of Royal Jordanian Airline and King Hussein Airport is aware of issues in IATA published materials through the period October 2007 – October 2012; the Royal Jordanian Airline and King Hussein Airport apply IATA international standards in the services provided; and there are no significant differences among Sub-Means of the company variable at level 5 %. The Methodology of study consists of Qualitative Approach, Case Study Techniques, Purposive Sample, and SPSS – V – 17. There are limitations of study concluded in scientific limit: IATA versions from October 2007 to October 2012; location limit: Royal Jordanian and King Hussein Airport in Aqaba; and achievement limit: from August 2012 to December 2012. The findings of study reveal that the majority of staff in the Royal Jordanian Airlines and Aqaba Airports Company in Aqaba are unaware of recent issues in IATA published materials. As a result, the hypotheses No. 1 and No. 2 are refused. While, the statistical findings point out that there are no significant differences among sum-means of company variables and the modest value of correlation between the company variable and respondent variable. Consequently and as a whole, the null hypothesis No. 3 is accepted. The study recommends raising the awareness of IATA issues and standards in different areas of King Hussein Airport in Aqaba and the Royal Jordanian Airlines in general and particularly in Aqaba. Also, the importance of conducting more studies to evaluate the range of adopting and application of IATA standards and criteria in airports and airlines performance.


BACKGROUND
Cerebral hypoperfusion and degeneration of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) occur early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebral blood vessels are densely innervated by noradrenergic projections from the LC suggesting a functional role for the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Experimental LC stimulation, however, has provided no clarity as decreases or increases in CBF were reported from different experimental settings and investigators.

OBJECTIVE
To find out with pharmacological methods whether endogenously released norepinephrine (NE) increases or decreases carotid artery blood flow (CABF) in anesthetized pigs by investigating the effect of centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic drugs, which increase (atipamezole) or decrease (xylazine) NE in the brain.

METHODS
CABF was measured by a Doppler-flow probe placed around the left carotid artery in pentobarbital anesthetized young pigs.

RESULTS
Neither current antihypertensive drugs nor pharmacological stimulation of dopamine, histamine, serotonin or acetylcholine receptors changed CABF. The alpha-2 adrenergic-receptor agonist xylazine decreased, while the antagonist atipamezole raised CABF. This rise was abolished by a combined treatment with endothelial NO-synthase inhibitor Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and the non-selective β-receptor antagonist propranolol. Propranolol alone did not decrease CABF in contrast to L-NAME but decreased CABF after L-NAME, surprisingly.

CONCLUSION
Pharmacological evidence suggests that NE released in the brain of anesthetized pigs raises CABF involving β-adrenergic mechanisms and nitric oxide. If in awake humans NE released from the LC had vasodilator effects early LC degeneration could be involved in early cerebral hypoperfusion of AD. Moreover, a cerebral adrenergic vascular innervation deficit, possibly resulting from LC degeneration, and systemic endothelial dysfunction together may act synergistically to reduce CBF.


The naturally occurring apo-carotenoid bixin is obtained from annatto (Bixa orellana). It is unique among the natural carotenoids through its water solubility and easily extractability from the seed coat of Bixa orellana. Bixin is (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16Z, 18E)-20- methoxy-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl-20-oxicosa 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaenoic acid, an apo-carotenoid which is a terpenoid compound derived from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids. Several biological activities of bixin has been reported earlier such as selective antimyeloma effects of cis-bixin, antinociceptive and anti-Inflammatory effects, antioxidant action against cis-platine induced chromosome in
rats, hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, allodynia, anxious and depressive-like behaviors, targeting NRF2 for improved skin barrier function and photoprotection, antiatherogenic effect in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, triggering apoptosis of cancer cells, immunomodulatory role in dogs, sensitization of human melanoma cells to dacarbazine-induced apoptosis, sensitization of human lung
cancer and cervical cancer cell to cisplatin in vitro, anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, antibacterial activity of cis-bixin conjugated silver nanoparticles, protective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, bixin/crocetin nanoparticles on quality and shelf life improvement of cheddar cheese etc. In this review, the biological properties of bixin has been discussed. A practical method for the isolation of bixin 1 from the seed coat of Bixa orellana commonly known as "Sinduri" (in Bengali) and its characterization has also been reported.


The present invention relates to a semiconductor chip is fixed on the method of circuit substrate, comprising the following steps. Provided circuit substrate, which comprises in sequence a substrate having a chip bonding area of at least one metal wire and an insulating layer. An insulating layer formed on an organic insulating material on the outer edge of the chip mounting region, and then forming a portion of the anisotropic conductive adhesive covers the chip bonding area, and an organic insulating material. Finally, pressing the semiconductor chip to the anisotropic conductive adhesive. By forming an organic insulating material on the insulating layer, the insulating layer to prevent corrosion of the underlying metal line. A semiconductor chip package and hereby.


Purpose: The goal of the study is to find the relationship between the value of casting temperature on corrosion resistance, hardness and mechanical properties of two Co-Cr-Mo alloys Remanium 2000+ and Wirobond LFC used in dentistry. Design/methodology/approach: Realized investigations starts from preparing the mould and cast two CoCrMo alloys in 1430, 1440, 1450 and 1460°C. Electrochemical corrosion research were made in water centre which simulated artificial saliva environment, by recording of anodic polarization curves with use the potentiodynamic methods. The compression strength, yield strength and unit shortening was evaluated during the static compression tests on multi-role testing machine MTS. Hardness test were obtained by use the microhardness FM ARS 9000 FUTURE TECH Vickers methods with load 1 kg. Findings: The manufacturing conditions for the Co-Cr-Mo alloys are one of the possible method which effects in increase or decrease of the safety factor in construction. Realized research of the increasing casting temperature about 10-20°C in regard to conditions offered by producer was found that hardness and corrosion resistance change only in small value, while corrosion current of samples casted from 1460°C increase by one order of magnitude to casting from 1430°C. Increase or decrease casting temperature results in decrease the mechanical properties yield strength and compression strength for both alloys. Practical implications: Scientific research of the cobalt alloys used on the dentures confirmed that casting temperature as one of the condition during the manufacturing influence on the most important useful properties like corrosion resistance, strength of the prosthetic constructions and machinability of the CoCrMo alloys. Originality/value: The paper presents an effect of correct selection the casting temperature, on the most important properties of CoCrMo alloys use in dental engineering.


Friction damping in bolted joint connections of large space structures turned out to be a major source of damping. For vibration suppression, the joints are designed such that the normal force in a frictional interface is controlled which improves the damping performance. The use of active control to vary the normal contact force in a joint by means of a piezoelectric element is explored. A model consisting of two elastic beams connected by a single active joint is considered. A friction model with velocity-dependent dynamics is used to describe the friction phenomena. A control law for friction dampers which maximises energy dissipation instantaneously by controlling the normal force at the friction interface is proposed. The effect of displacement- and velocity-induced friction dynamics is considered for the design of the control law. We arrive at a controller which prevents frictional energy stored as potential energy in a bristle model from being returned to the system.


Disordered two-dimensional photonic crystals with a complete photonic band-gap have been investigated. Transmission and reflection spectra have been modelled for both ballistic and scattered light. The density of states and electromagnetic field profiles of disorder-induced localized states have also been calculated, for various levels of disorder. It is found that there is a threshold-like behaviour in the amount of disorder. Below the threshold, it is seen that there is a vanishing probability of disorder-induced localized states being introduced into the centre of the photonic band-gap, but that edge-states narrow the band-gap. Above the threshold, there is a non-zero probability of disorder-induced localized states throughout the photonic band-gap, and the modification of the transmission and reflection spectra due to disorder rapidly increases with increasing disorder.


Chemical looping partial oxidation of methane using a sole CO2 oxidant (CL-POM-CO2) is an emerging technology for synthesis gas generation and CO2 utilization, which is highly dependent on an oxygen carrier (OC). In this work, Fe-substituted La-hexaaluminate as the OC was found to exhibit good reactivity and stability during 50 periodic CH4/CO2 redox cycles due to the formation of magnetoplumbite La-hexaaluminate structure with the introduction of La. Deeper reduction for synthesis gas generation did not destroy the La-hexaaluminate structure via a charge compensation mechanism, which increased CH4 reactivity and further improved CO2 utilization under subsequent re-oxidation. In the La-hexaaluminate structure, O6-Fe3+(Oh) was highly active for the total oxidation of methane, while O5-Fe3+(Tr) and O4-Fe3+(Th) selectively oxidized CH4 to synthesis gas. The sole CO2 oxidant only selectively recovered O5-Fe3+(Tr) and O4-Fe3+(Th), and thus is more favorable for improving synthesis gas selectivity than O2/air, which offers an attractive opportunity for CO2 utilization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is highly dependent on its blades strength and stability. This paper is mainly dealing with enhancing the blades' structure of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine which is suitable for countries that have a moderate wind speed. The suggested improvement entails employing reinforced light composite blades using Zinc-Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by the polymer-pyrolysis route. To assess the performance of the proposed design, a multistage Savonius blades prototype is built to realize the essential ultrasonic and vibration tests. Five different composite blades with different ZnO volume percentages are tested for assessing their values of the attenuation coefficient and the phase velocity and evaluating the composite material robustness. A wind tunnel is also used to evaluate the prototype power coefficient. Besides, the effect of the shift-angles between the different blades' stages on the turbine efficiency has been evaluated. The theoretical analysis and experimental results of the natural frequencies ensured that the proposed model can avoid the resonance scenarios through working at considerably high rotating speeds.


A number of employees individually and cooperatively resist the controls of the electronic surveillance systems in the PowerGrid call centre. However, this is not the case in all teams. One team is faced with a labour process that directs their resistance to be focused directly at management, rather than at management via the machine.


There are inconsistent findings regarding associations between triglyceride levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to test whether the association between triglycerides and CVD depends upon duration of diabetes.


This essay makes an explorative research on the educational function of physics culture from the angle of subject culture. The writer also suggests the conception of spreading physics culture on the basis of contemporary physics education.


Online personalized advertisements on a smartphone have shown a great impact on both user experience and advertiser income. This type of personalized advertising is possible due to existence of easily traceable features when user is online. Online advertising agencies such as Google AdSense can determine appropriate ads for a particular user based on their behavior on the internet. Therefore, these advertising agencies inherently depend long interactions between user and the device to get a decent ad recommendation. This paper focuses on interactions of users with electronic devices which are very short and need-based. Examples of these devices would be gaming arenas, selfie stations in malls or self check-in booths at the airport. The paper throughout considers these types of interactions as "offline" since there is no way to track user's behavior here like it is possible in "online" scenario. Main objective of the paper is to discuss challenges in recommending ads in offline interaction scenario and develop methods to overcome these challenges. Finally, the paper presents a method to recommend ads using fashion based features with the help of computer vision and demonstrates its working.


Over the past decade, monitoring capabilities have been growing and expanding to meet the ever-demanding reliability and performance needs within the power generation industry. Even with these increases, many failure events are not adequately captured with existing monitoring and sensor packages, especially for gas turbine engines. In general, gas turbines utilize pressure, temperature, and vibration sensors with several calculated points due in range from costly sensors to impractical to nearly physically impossible.
 This paper will serve as an interim update for this investigation of current monitoring strategies to determine limitations and outline steps to better capture asset health. The gas turbine will be divided into three (3) sections for the purpose of categorizing sensor capabilities: compressor, combustor, turbine/rotor. Each section of the gas turbine will include an outline for current, typical measurements. Information will also be shared on new and/or in-development sensors that could be utilized to enhance gas turbine monitoring. Lastly, key monitoring needs will be identified for focus of on-going work to determine possible solutions for gaps in monitoring capabilities and/or methodologies to better capture gas turbine health status.
 Based on this information, monitoring solution roadmaps are presented, which identify key instrumentation and developments required to characterize the issue, and enhanced modeling methods for solutions.


To compare the diagnostic performance for HPV infection using three laboratorial techniques. Ninty‐five cervicovaginal samples were randomly selected; each was tested for HPV DNA and genotypes using 3 methods in parallel: Multiplex‐PCR, the Nested PCR followed by Sanger sequencing, and the Next_Gen Sequencing (NGS) with two assays (NGS‐A1, NGS‐A2). The study was approved by the Brazilian National IRB (CONEP protocol 16,800). The prevalence of HPV by the NGS assays was higher than that using the Multiplex‐PCR (64.2% vs. 45.2%, respectively; P = 0.001) and the Nested‐PCR (64.2% vs. 49.5 %, respectively; P = 0.003). NGS also showed better performance in detecting high‐risk HPV (HR‐HPV) and HPV16. There was a weak interobservers agreement between the results of Multiplex‐PCR and Nested‐PCR in relation to NGS for the diagnosis of HPV infection, and a moderate correlation for HR‐HPV detection. Both NGS assays showed a strong correlation for detection of HPVs (k = 0.86), HR‐HPVs (k = 0.91), HPV16 (k = 0.92) and HPV18 (k = 0.91). NGS is more sensitive than the traditional Sanger sequencing and the Multiplex PCR to genotype HPVs, with promising ability to detect multiple infections, and may have the potential to establish an alternative method for the diagnosis and genotyping of HPV. J. Med. Virol. 88:888–894, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Small terrestrial robots have the advantage of being inexpensive and small in size. However, this introduces notable disadvantages, including limited communication range and restricted tasking capabilities. To make up for these shortcomings, multiple robots can be utilized in a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) in order to extend transmission range as a function of robot quantity and ultimately achieve more difficult tasks.Three types of software models are created, which simulate the electromagnetic propagation of multiple radios, the 3D physical environment of multiple robots, and the network-level implementation of a routing protocol. A hardware implementation of a wireless relay communication system is developed to test the real world affects of such a system. Tests are conducted in a small lab setting and scaled up to field tests of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The results show that a MANET in a relay topology can improve communication range and overall mission capability.


Contents: Introduction: Community resources: coming to terms Community, resources, resilience The grand plan - intellectual property and the interpretation of knowledge Intellectual property and other objects of protection Intellectual property, international trade, international rights? The tragedy of the commons The cultural diversity in biodiversity All over the place - land and the yarding of culture Determining knowledge - human rights and community resources Community, before the law Conclusion: community, once and for all Resources Index.


Research methods are widely applied to research on human society and culture and they mark the advent of the era of science education. The field investigation method in anthropological research has great significance and value for ethnic education research in a multicultural context. In teaching courses related to ceramic art, students invest most of their energy in expression aspects such as patterns, glazes, and technical effects, etc., lacking the acquisition of theoretical knowledge other than ceramic skills from various perspectives. Curriculum education related to ceramic art should also focus on field investigation, achieve two-way reading between literature and fields, strive to explore new learning and education methods, and promote students majoring in ceramic art design to develop into specialized talents of ceramic art while building strength for innovative education with regional characteristics.


The diffusion of advanced mobile technology has introduced new types of personal information or 'location data'. These new data mean new opportunities for businesses, such as location-based services (LBS), but have resulted in new consumer anxieties regarding disclosure of personal information. This study examines the effects of the consumers' perceived control over "time-andplace" information in location-aware services on their perceived privacy risk. A total of 270 respondents participated in this study. Conditions of perceived privacy control were operationalized over time-and-place information, in a 2x2 factorial design. Results indicate that the perceived control over time-and-place personal information is a significant predictor of perceived risk, and control assurances over time-and-place information enhances the perception of control, thus alleviating the perceived risk. In addition, the effect is much more significant when time and place were combined.


Link rot is a major issue for legal publications. This guide describes how to use Perma.cc to create permanent links for use in legal publications.


We have investigated the production of indigo-related pigments from indoles by Nocardia globerula IFO 13510. Three pigments (indigo, a structural isomer of indigo and an unidentified pigment), coproduced in liquid cultures, were isolated by thin-layer and high-pressure liquid chromatography. The production of the pigments was dependent on medium composition and on the indole concentration in the cultures. In addition, the production of NN′-dimethylindigo from 1-methylindole was observed in liquid cultures.


What do an aerospace engineer and a Kafka scholar have in common?' At the University of Rhode Island the answer is a strong interest in the German language and cultures, a belief that the American educational system must be responsive to national needs, and the confidence that tradition should not prevent distant ends of the university from collaborating in a healthy way. Though these affinities might have led only to lofty platitudes some years ago, the changing world economy and the new international competitiveness have provided the framework within which cooperation between two such educators is now not only possible but necessary. America leads the world in technological expertise, but falls short when it attempts to communicate its knowledge in the world marketplace. The time has come for the Germanist and other humanists to join forces with the technologist to provide the next generation of American professionals with all of the tools necessary for productive, fulfilling, and rewarding careers in the global workplace. The aerospace engineer mentioned above is Dr. Hermann Viets, Dean of Engineering at the University of Rhode Island, the Kafka scholar is a Professor of German and Associate Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences (as well as the author of these pages). What began just a few short years ago for these two persons as casual conversation about the plight of our culturebound and monolingual society, grew into the conviction that the University of Rhode Island had both the resources and the will to create a working educational relationship between the German faculty and the College of Engineering. The German Section had a history of commitment to German for the professions, and several of the engineering faculty were deeply interested in German and Germany, some by virtue of their fluency in the language, others through their research contacts with colleagues abroad. Even though there was no historical precedent or model in other institutions, this basis of interest across the disciplines made action very possible. A joint foreign language and engineering committee was appointed to explore the feasibility of a new program combining engineering and foreign language studies. This group was asked to determine: 1) whether there is tangible evidence that it is desirable for technologists to learn a second language; 2) why engineers have typically avoided foreign language study; 3) how engineers might be encouraged to study languages; 4) whether one might be able to find support, financial and otherwise, from educational, governmental, and private sources for the creation of a program to address this issue. The following is a summary of this group's findings and an outline of the International Engineering Program which has been designed at the University of Rhode Island in response to these findings.


Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), caused by alterations in venous homeostasis, is the third most common cause of cardiovascular mortality, however, key molecular determinants in venous thrombosis have not been fully elucidated. Several lines of evidence indicate that DVT occurs at the intersection of dysregulated inflammation and coagulation. The enzyme ectonucleoside tri(di)phosphohydrolase (ENTPD1, also known as CD39) is a vascular ectoapyrase on the surface of leukocytes and the endothelium that inhibits intravascular inflammation and thrombosis by hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds from nucleotides released by activated cells. Here, we evaluated the contribution of CD39 to venous thrombosis in a restricted-flow model of murine inferior vena cava stenosis. CD39 deficiency conferred a greater than 2-fold increase in venous thrombogenesis, characterized by increased leukocyte engagement, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, fibrin, and local activation of tissue factor in the thrombotic milieu. This venous thrombogenesis was orchestrated by increased phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NF-kB, activation of the NLR family pyrin domain–containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and IL-1b release in CD39deficient mice. Substantiating these findings, an IL-1b–neutralizing antibody or the IL-1 receptor inhibitor anakinra attenuated the thrombosis risk in CD39-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that IL-1b is a key accelerant of venous thrombo-inflammation, which can be suppressed by CD39. CD39 inhibits in vivo crosstalk between inflammation and coagulation pathways and is a critical vascular checkpoint in [...] Concise Communication Inflammation Vascular biology


Summary Based on our existing works, this paper firstly gives clock region equivalence PVS specification, and then constructs the reachable region graph for a given Timed Automaton (TA) via characterizing some kinds of clock regions, finally analyses the reachable states using the region graph. These works can conveniently analysis some real-time system in the form of TA model. A case study is investigated and the results are satisfying. As a by-product, an error is detected in the region-equivalence definition which is extensively referred in many papers.


Ab1-KLH and freund^s adjuvant can induce Ab2 effectively. Compared with controlled group, the mean survival time of transplanted tissue of Ab2 induction group was significantly longer (P<0.05).


We study how wireless network can support location based services (LBS) a to mobile users. WE assume that each mobile is capable of self-geolocation using GPS and indoor geolocation [K. Pahlavan et al., Feb 2002]. The wireless network collects the geolocation information from mobiles and provides this information to application service so that the services can be custom-tailored for each mobile user. The main challenge in wireless network is to keep track of geolocation of mobile users so that the application service can maintain the quality of the service (QoS). In general, the quality of service depends on how often mobile terminals update their geolocation. Since geolocation update requires battery power and radio resource, optimizing the geolocation update frequency is critical. In this paper, we present geolocation update schemes that minimize the update frequency while satisfying the QoS of application service. For case study, we consider location based traffic report service (LBS-TR) and location based navigation service (LBS-NS). In LBS-TR, mobile users who are about to enter heavily jammed highways are informed in a timely manner so that the mobile users can avoid traffic congestion. In LBS-NS, mobile users are provided with navigation instructions that are custom-tailored to the geolocation of the users. The granularity of navigation instruction changes as the user moves from highway to local street and from local street into building complex.


Alhagi maurorum (Family: Fabaceae) contained many bioactive metabolites including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, fatty acids, coumarins, glycosides, sterols, steroids, resins, vitamins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, unsaturated sterols and triterpenes. It possessed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, antioxidant, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, diuretic, dermatological and many other effects. This study was carried out to investigate the antifungal effect of Alhagi maurorum phenolic extract against Alternaria alternata, Candida albicans, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The extract possessed antifungal activity against all the tested fungi. The least MIC was recorded against Trichophyton mentagrophytes which was l.5 μg/ml, while the highest MIC was recorded against Cladosporium cladosporoides which was 6.2 μg/ml.


James Kirk has not produced in this work a history of the Scottish Reformation, but has instead presented a series of essays dealing with various topics relating to the movement. There are altogether twelve essays, some of them over 60 pages in length, covering topics from the Middle Ages down to the seventeenth century: 1) The Privy Kirks and their antecedents, 2) Clement Little's Edinburgh, 3) The Calvinist Contribution to the Scottish Reformation, 4) Recruitment to the Ministry at the Reformation, 5) The Superintendent: myth and reality, 6) Minister and Magistrate, 7) John Carswell, Superintendent of Argyll, 8) The Kirk and the Highlands at the Reformation, 9) The Polities of the Best Reformed Kirks, 10) The Survival of Ecclesiastical Patronage after the Reformation, 11) The King's Bishop: Archbishop Spottiswoode, 12) The Jacobean Church in the Highlands, 1462— 1625.


We consider initial determination of asteroid orbits in the case of small numbers of observations and short observational arcs. For asteroids having long arcs, we can assess the orbital uncertainties with the help of the covariance matrix that, in the phase space of the orbital elements, defines a set of probability ellipsoids. In initial orbit determination, because of the nonlinear characteristics and multiple solutions of the inversion problem, we cannot readily use the covariance matrix to estimate the orbital uncertainties. However, by computing the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the formal correlation matrix (that is, by deriving the eigenorbits), we can discern the most indeterminate orbital elements. Here we solve the eigenproblem for 17 single-apparition asteroids.


A low-noise USB-controlled impedance analyzer specifically designed for light monitoring in photonic circuits using contactless waveguide conductance detector (CLIPP) is presented. The on-board microcontroller and auxiliary analog output allow the closed-loop control of photonic components.


The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, with the deployment of tens of highly sensitive and fast-reacting Cherenkov telescopes. It will cover a wide energy range (20 GeV - 300 TeV) with unprecedented sensitivity. To maximize the scientific return, the observatory will be provided with an online software system that will perform the first analysis of scientific data in real-time. This study investigates the precision and accuracy of available science tools and analysis techniques for the short-term detection of gamma-ray sources, in terms of sky localization, detection significance and, if significant detection is achieved, a first estimation of the integral photon flux. The scope is to evaluate the feasibility of the algorithms' implementation in the real-time analysis of CTA. In this contribution we present a general overview of the methods and some of the results for the test case of the short-term detection of a gamma-ray burst afterglow, as the VHE counterpart of a gravitational wave event.


The amphibians and reptiles were investigated by using the method of complete species inventory in Caopo NR,Wenchuan County and Bobso NR,Zoige County,Sichuan Province.Seventeen species belonging to seven families and three orders were collected in Caopo NR.Five species belonging to five families and three orders were collected in Bobso NR.


This study is aimed to find out the correlation between: (1) reading habit
and reading skills of the second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar in
the academic year of 2012/ 2013; (2) vocabulary mastery and reading skills of the
second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar in the academic year of
2012/ 2013; and (3) reading habit and vocabulary mastery simultaneously and
reading skills of the second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar in the
academic year of 2012/ 2013.
The study belongs to a correlation study. The population was all of the
second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar in the academic year of
2012/ 2013. The sample was 24 students that were selected by using cluster
random sampling technique. The instruments used to collect the data were tests
and questionnaire. The tests were used to collect the data of vocabulary mastery
and reading skills, while the questionnaire was used to collect the data of reading
habit. The techniques used to analyze the data were Simple and Multiple Linear
Regression and Correlation.
The results of the study show that (1) there is a positive correlation
between students' reading habit and students' reading skill; (2) there is a positive
correlation between students' vocabulary mastery and students' reading skills; and
(3) there is a positive correlation between students' reading habit and vocabulary
mastery simultaneously and students' reading skills. Furthermore, the results
show that 20.1% variance of reading skills is determined by reading habit, while
16.9% variance of which is determined by vocabulary mastery, and 37.3%
variance of which is determined by reading habit and vocabulary mastery
simultaneously.
With regard to the results of the study, it can be concluded that positive
correlation between reading habit and vocabulary mastery and reading skills
indicates that both reading habit and vocabulary mastery could support and
ultimately give contribution to reading skills. Hence, students' reading and
vocabulary mastery need to be considered in the teaching and learning activities
of reading.
Keywords: reading habit, vocabulary mastery, reading skills


The authors report a preliminary study of chromosomal analysis made on chorionic villosities. The samples were taken by means of biopsy forceps. The "direct" method was used to determine the karyotype. Since then two diagnoses have been made on progressive pregnancies.