The third part of the AVS family, AVS–P3 is an audio coding standard of China own intellectual property. It is drafted according to the requirement of the advanced audio compression technology with high quality and efficiency in the field of DAB, DVB, DSM, ISM and MMC. In this paper, main algorithm modules of AVS-P3 are analyzed in detail, including Transient Detection, MDCT, Multi- R esolution Analysis in Frequency Domain, Quantization, Post Quantization Square Polar Stereo Coding, and Context Based Coding. Next, AVS P-3 audio Codec is implemented on DSP platform. T he demo system could capture original audio input , encode/transmit/decode with AVS-P3 format, and play back in real time. Finally, the result of the subjective test is presented, its quality is a little better than the quality of LAME MP3.


We comment on the relationships between several supersymmetric lattice models; the ``orbifold lattice theory'' by Cohen-Kaplan-Katz-Unsal (CKKU), lattice regularization of the topological field theory by Sugino and the ``geometrical approach'' by Catterall. We point out that these three models have close relationships; the = (2, 2) model by Catterall [1] and the two-dimensional = (2, 2) lattice theory being similar to Sugino's construction [2] can be derived by appropriate truncation of fields in the two-dimensional = (4, 4) orbifold lattice theory by CKKU [3]. Catterall's = (2, 2) description possesses extra degrees of freedom compared to the target = (2, 2) theory. If we remove those extra degrees of freedom in a way keeping supersymmetry on the lattice, Catterall's description reduces to a model of the Sugino type.


Summary Shallow anomalous high speed events, evident on the shot gathers, are observed to be associated with gas chimneys in the Central Perth Basin. Shot gathers in the vicinity of gas chimneys display these events, which have apparent speeds of around 3000 m/s in the uppermost 300 ms, and appear to localised around the gas chimneys. These high speed events have been investigated using existing seismic data from the region, with these high speed events modelled using wide aperture seismic (WAS) techniques. Understanding the effect of these shallow high speed layers is important for the following reasons - 1. they may provide support for a petroleum prospect, 2. they may represent a possible geohazard during drilling, 3. these high speed layers can have a profound effect on the seismic imaging of the underlying strata.


The application of transposon in vertebrate is far behind of the use in other biological systems. Sleeping beautySB transposon is a Tc1/mariner-like transposon that was reconstructed from the salmonid genome by restoring its activity through the correction of accumulated mutations in 1997. The study during the few years showed that SB transposon was the transposition in vertebrates with the highest transposition activity. This paper emphasizes the structure the transposition mechanism and the application of SB transposon. Several issues of the application of SB transposon were also mentioned.


Background: Many patients with Covid-19 have underlying cardiovascular disease or develop acute cardiac injury during the course of the illness. Adequate understanding of the interplay between Covid-19 and Cardiovascular disease is required for optimum management of these patients. The study analyzed and evaluated the global publication output on "Covid-19 and Heart Diseases" to find out the current trends and present status of research, by identifing important countries, organizations, authors and journals and important topics and keywords from the global publications, using bibliometric methods. Methods: Relevant published literature from December 2019 to August 2021 were identified and analyzed on the topic "Covid-19 and Heart Diseases" using a well-defined search strategy in Scopus database. A list of keywords were identified for Covid-19 ("Covid 19" or "2019 novel Coronavirus" or "Coronavirus 2019" or "Coronavirus disease 2019" or "2019-novel CoV" OR "2019 ncov" or "Covid 2019" or "Covid19" or "Corona virus 2019" or "ncov-2019" or "ncov2019" or "nCoV 2019" or "2019-ncov" or "covid-19" or "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" or "SARS-CoV-2") and Heart Diseases (cardi* or arrhythmia or myocardial* or heart*) and these keywords are used for search in "Keywords" and Title" tags of Scopus database, yielding 5298 records. Results: A total of 5298 relevant publications indexed in Scopus database were obtained on "Covid-19 and Heart Disease", which received 62459 citations, averaging 11.79 citations per paper. The total publications witnessed the participation of 123 countries, with USA, Italy, U.K. and China leading in global publication productivity (with 1757, 707, 551 and 413 papers) and China (35.31 and 2.99), France (23.01 and 1.95), Germany (23.0 and 1.95) and Italy (20.43 and 1.73) leading in citation impact per publication and relative citation index. The 1761 organizations and 2499 authors participated in these 5298 publications. Harvard Medical School, USA, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Massachsetts General Hospital leads in publications productivity (with 178, 92 and 92 publications each) and New York Presbyterian Hospital, USA (121.53 and 10.31), Tongji Medical College, China (65.65 and 5.57) and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China (65.41 and 5.55) leads in citations impact per paper and relative citation index. M. Metra, A. Harky and M.K. Chung leads in publications productivity (with 23, 22 and 153 papers each) and G.Y.H. Lip (U.K.)(114.67 and 9.73), A.J. Kirtane (USA)(109.67 and 9.3) and M. Metra (Italy)(87.04 and 7.38) leads in citations impact per publication and relative citation index. European Heart Journal, Circulation and Stroke leads in publication productivity (with 85, 81 and 73 publications) and JAMA Cardiology (154.23), Journal of the American College of Cardiology (54.99) and Circulation (43.54) leads in citation impact per paper. Major keywords appearing along with "Covid-19 and "Heart Diseases" in co-occurnces were "Cardiovascular Disease" (1176), "Heart Failure" (802), "Hypertension" (664), "Cerebrovascular Accidents" (659), "Stroke" (608), "Mycarditis" (511), "Heart Arrhytthrmia"(464), etc. Conclusion: The study presents the current trends and status of research in the field and indicate the important keywords where research is focused in global literature on cardiovascular manifestations in Covid-19 patients. Such a analysis tmay be useful to the research community and decision-makers to prioritize research needs and identify leading Covid-19 researchers, countries, institutes and authors.


Uniform temperature and gas density field inside the reactor play an important role on synthesis of high-quality diamond films using hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. In the present study, the finite volume method (FVM) is adopted to simulate the temperature and gas density distribution during the deposition process. Temperature–measuring experiments are conducted to verify the correctness of the simulation results. Thereafter, the deposition parameters are optimized using this model as D (filament separation) = 35 mm, H (filament–substrate distance) = -10 mm and N (number of gas inlet) = 3. Finally, experiments of depositing diamond films on WC–Co drill tools are carried out with the optimal deposition parameters. The results of the characterization by SEM and Raman spectrum exhibit that as-fabricated diamond-coated tools present a layer of high-quality diamond films with homogeneous surface and uniform thickness, further validating the accuracy of the parameter optimization using the simulation method.


The millennial history of the use of cannabis as crop, medicinal and recreational plant reads like a novel in which the most recent chapter is dedicated to the current worldwide transformation of Cannabis sativa L. flos into a modern evidence-based botanical drug. Although Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) (dronabinol) is an approved monosubstance that can be prescribed to treat anorexia in AIDS patients and nausea during chemotherapy, muscle spasms and certain forms of chronic pain, Sativex® (Nabiximols®) is the only standardized cannabis extract approved to reduce symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis. Despite a lack of clinical trials for most of the indications in which cannabis is used medically, cannabis products are increasingly demanded by patients. Like a molecular fountain, cannabis pours bioactive cannabinoids into the toolbox of pharmacologists, as illustrated by the recent pharma enterprise to develop cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiverin (CBDV) to treat certain forms of epilepsy. While it is recognized that the major psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-THC and the major non-psychoactive cannabinoid CBD, which occur in different ratios in distinct cannabis chemotypes, are of pharmaceutical relevance; minor cannabinoids, acid precursors and terpenes are believed to also play a role in the action of the diverse botanical formulations of medicinal cannabis. Importantly, increasing evidence suggests that CBD, though rather poorly bioavailable to the brain, can decrease the adverse effects of Δ9-THC by acting as a negative allosteric CB1 receptor modulator. Thus, in addition to the different worldwide and regional legal situations, numerous analytical and pharmacological questions arise. The aim of this Planta Medica special issues is to increase the awareness in the natural product research community regarding challenges in cannabinoid analytics and pharmacology, both of which are fundamental for the urgently required standardization of medical cannabis. Clearly, standardization in the context of cannabis implies improved pharmacological and clinical insights regarding the different forms of administration and chemotypes employed. Intriguingly, less than 2% of the published papers on cannabis currently deal with analytics. Here, a state of the art LC‐MS/MS method as well as an UV‐MS method were developed and validated for


I do like this. It could replace the Hoefler I use by default, given that I am so much less Apple centric now


Speed control and smooth regulation in an electro-hydraulic motion control system under negative load (over-running load) are crucial to mobile machineries, vehicles, and motion simulation equipment. Problems, such as bad natural stability, bad dynamic performance for small adjusting signal, serious coupling, and difficulty to coordinate between speed smoothness and speed regulation, exist in traditional valve-controlled and pump-controlled electro-hydraulic power mechanism. The coordinated motion control scheme, which is based on independent regulation of inlet/outlet oil for electro-hydraulic power mechanism has attracted the attention of many scholars. In the last two decades, many progresses had been made in coordinated control technology, employing in inlet/outlet independent metering and pump/valves independent regulation. Moreover, the technology has been widely used in the electro-hydraulic operating system in hydraulic excavator and the speed smoothness control system in heavy transport vehicles. In this study, recent advancements and upcoming trends in coordinated control and inlet/outlet independent metering for electro-hydraulic power mechanism under sustained negative load are reviewed. Firstly, related research advancements are summarized, including flow rate regulation mechanism based on inlet/outlet coordinated control, coordinated control strategy and nonlinear control method of electro-hydraulic control system. Then, nonlinear modeling of inlet/outlet independent metering and pump/valves independent regulation in electro-hydraulic control system is presented. In addition, the electro-hydraulic speed smoothness control and energy recovery for heavy engineering vehicles under long down-slope is discussed and reviewed. Finally, existing problems and future trends of inlet/outlet coordinated control for an electro-hydraulic power mechanism under sustained negative load are presented.


The characteristics of a xenon resonance lamp were studied, using carbon dioxide as an actinometer, to determine the influence of the xenon pressure in the lamp on the intensity of the 1470A radiation. The xenon sensitized photosynthesis of ammonia was studied both in static and in flow systems. No ammonia could be detected. Some experiments on the photolysis of ammonia at 1470A are reported and discussed. The present work furnishes the first direct chemical evidence rejecting the value of 171.3 kcal per mole as the dissociation energy of nitrogen.


In system software environments, a vast amount of information circulates, making it crucial to utilize this information in order to enhance the operation of such systems. One such system is the Linux kernel, which not only boasts a completely open-source nature, but also provides a comprehensive history through its git repository. Here, every logical code change is accompanied by a message written by the developer in natural language. Within this expansive repository, our focus lies on error correction messages from fixing commits, as analyzing their text can help identify the most common types of errors. Building upon our previous works, this paper proposes the utilization of data analysis methods for this purpose. To achieve our objective, we explore various techniques for processing repository messages and employing automated methods to pinpoint the prevalent bugs within them. By calculating distances between vectorizations of bug fixing messages and grouping them into clusters, we can effectively categorize and isolate the most frequently occurring errors. Our approach is applied to multiple prominent parts within the Linux kernel, allowing for comprehensive results and insights into what is going on with bugs in different subsystems. As a result, we show a summary of bug fixes in such parts of the Linux kernel as kernel, sched, mm, net, irq, x86 and arm64.


The move toward commercialization and privatization has pressured airports to become more productive and competitive. Airport managers around the globe are using several performance measures to monitor their businesses and improve operational efficiency. In recent years, several studies have devised an overall productivity measure. A new study contributes to those publications in two major ways. First, unlike past studies, it explicitly considers the joint production of both desirable and undesirable outputs, that is, delays. Second, it investigates the robustness of the assessment. The results indicate that the selection of inputs and desirable and undesirable output measures can dramatically affect the productivity assessment of airports, the calculated level of inefficiency, the calculation of potential output, and the determination of productivity growth.


Abstract Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. Recently, BMP7 has been demonstrated to be produced by salivary glands and contribute to embryonic branching in mice. The BMP7 in saliva is thought to be delivered to the oral cavity and is expected to contact with stratified squamous epithelial cells which line the surface of oral mucosa. In this study, we attempted to investigate the effects of BMP7 on oral epithelial cells. Methods: The expression of BMP receptors was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). OSCCs were stimulated with human recombinant BMP7 (hrBMP7) and the phosphorylation status of Smad1/5/8 was examined by western blotting. For microarray analysis, Ca9-22 cells were stimulated with 100 ng/mL of hrBMP7 and total RNA was extracted and subjected to real-time PCR. The 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of IL-17 F gene was cloned to pGL4-basic vector and used for luciferase assay. Ca9-22 cells were pre-incubated with DM3189, a specific inhibitor of Smad1/5/8, for inhibition assay. Results: All isoforms of type I and type II BMP receptors were expressed in both Ca9-22 and HSC3 cells and BMP7 stimulation resulted in the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 in both cell lines. The microarray analysis revealed the induction of interleukin-17 F (IL-17 F), netrin G2 (NTNG2) and hyaluronan synthase 1 (HAS1). Luciferase assay using the 5'-UTR of the IL-17 F gene revealed transcriptional regulation. Induced IL-17 F production was further confirmed at the protein level by ELISA. Smad1/5/8 inhibitor pretreatment decreased IL-17 F expression levels in the cells.


In this paper, an energy management system is developed for fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid locomotive, and an energy management strategy based on high hydrogen efficiency mode is proposed to satisfy the demand of dynamic performance of hybrid locomotive. Moreover, the energy management system is designed and is verified by reduced-scale experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed energy management strategy is able to improve the fuel utilization rate, maintain the state of charge (SOC) within a certain range, and extend the lifetime of supercapacitor.


Christopher Bickerton and David Chandler interviewed Paddy Ashdown, international High Representative and EU Special Representative to Bosnia-Herzegovina, May 2002–January 2006, at the House of Lor...


In this article the effect that the base width modulation has on the input and output charactersitic of transictor commonemitter circuit is analyzed deeplyThe relation between the above effect and transistor equivalent parameter is also explained clearly in this article


International relations scholarship has posited multiple pathways through which democracies accrue advantages in world politics. These range from enhanced warfighting capabilities to sovereign borrowing capacity to more constructive cooperation with like-minded regimes. A series of crises over the past generation, however, have called these advantages into question. This paper re-examines the key conceptual pillars underlying the democratic advantage in world politics. Scholars have posited that democracies possess inherent advantages in credible commitment mechanisms and public goods provision. The rise of populism has eroded these underlying advantages. Furthermore, the rise of China threatens to hamper the network effects that enhance democratic flourishing at the global level. Whether the democratic advantage is real and sustainable should be one of the defining political science research programs of this century.


Eulophonotus myrmeleon larvae had population peaks in May and September and this occurred mainly up to 1.5 m above ground level. Adult emergence showed peaks in April and October. Larvae could be controlled by squeezing aluminium phosphide paste into the exit holes or by plugging them with pieces of wood. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd


Language regulation is perceived as positive because it makes learners more aware of their errors and allows for learner-generated repairs. Despite this evidence, studies in language regulation place little emphasis on language regulation in the classroom. This study examined the practices of language regulation in the ESL classroom. Using purposive sampling, data consisted of classroom lesson recordings and interviews from 8 classrooms (360 students; 24 teachers) in senior high schools in the Koforidua township. The findings showed that second language speakers reject the notion of "anything goes" and take on language expert roles, resulting in explicit and implicit regulation of language. Based on the findings, it is argued that teachers should design a system that provides learners the opportunity to practice English in the form of negotiating for correctness and acceptability within and outside of the classroom.  Article visualizations:


Objective To study the structure-activity relationship of eremophilane sesquiterpenes against leukemia.Methods Three derivatives(10-12) were prepared from ligularone.The in vitro cytotoxicities of nine eremophilane sesquiterpenes(1-9) which were isolated from Ligularia species and three derivatives(10-12) against cancer cell line HL-60 were evaluated.Results Three derivatives were prepared from ligularone and they were identified as 6-oxo-8β-methoxyeremophilenolide(10),epiligularol(11) and epiligularol acetate(12),respectively.Eremophilanolides 1-6 showed cytotoxic activities on HL-60 cancer cells with IC5010μg/ml and eremophilanolides 7,8 and 10 exhibited cytotoxic activities on HL-60 cancer cells with IC50 in the range of 10 to 20μg/ml,whereas furanoeremophilanes 9,11 and 12 showed no cytotoxic activities on HL-60 cancer cells.Conclusion Ligularone,a furanoeremophilane can be converted into an eremophilanolide through photosensitized oxygenation.The lactone group of eremophilane sesquiterpenes is a key active group against leukemia and eremophilanolides with unsaturated C-9 and C-10 showed more activities.


A multi-functional die attach film is provided to prevent a sawing bur, a scratch, and a crack from being generated on a surface of a wafer by using a die attach film as a back grinding tape and an underfill substance. A semiconductor device is integrated on a wafer and a solder bump pattern is formed thereon. A first die attach film is faced to a surface of the wafer and then attached thereon(S100). A rear of the wafer is back-grinded(S200) and then a dicing film is attached on the rear of the wafer(S300). The wafer is cut into die chips in the state that the die attach film is attached on the wafer(S400). After the dicing film is removed from the die chip, a flip chip process using a solder bump is performed to electrically connect the die chip to a connection member in the state that a second die attach film surface of the die attach film is faced to the connection member(S500). The connection member is selected from a PCB(Printed Circuit Board), a lead frame, and a die chip.


A discussion is presented on the unity of scientific beauty and artistic beauty,its significance and ways to achieve such unity in order to integrate the education of sciences,liberal arts,ethics and aesthetics. The optimal integration of these programs will help enhance the overall quality of college students.


Article is devoted one of interesting questions of vocational training of students of technical colleges. In article roles of the standard of speech and its components which define the general level of culture of the expert are considered. Article will be useful to young experts of Russian.


This interview was conducted in Los Angeles on November 29, 1997. MULLEN: Will, I'd like to begin by getting some basic biographical information, such as when and where you were born, where you grew up. Who were your parents? How do you think your family and community might have influenced you in your early years? Your book, The Stratospheric Canticles, is dedicated to your parents, Birdie and Will Alexander. How did you come to be interested in books and writing? ALEXANDER: I was born in Los Angeles, and what's interesting for me is that Black writers of Afro-American persuasion are so often touted as being either Southerners or Harlemites, and I'm neither. I'm an absolute Westerner.


The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and body mass index (BMI) on the overall stability index (OSI) in Saudi males with vitamin D deficiency. Method: A total of 669 adult Saudi males with mean age of 19.9 years suffering from vitamin D deficiency were participated in this study. The subjects were divided according to their PTH status into two groups; group 1 (n=619) having a normal PTH values; and group 2 (n=50) suffering from hyperparathyroidism. Participants were also categorized based on their BMI into; underweight (BMI<17.9), normal (BMI=18-24.9), overweight (BMI 25-29.9), and obese (BMI>30). The OSI protocol was used to compare vitamin D deficiency subjects' that having normal PTH values with those suffering from hyperparathyroidism for different BMI categories. The Biodex Balance System was used to measure the OSI values. Results: No significant differences were observed between normal and high PTH groups in age, weight, height, BMI, OSI, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase. A significant positive correlation between OSI and PTH (r=0.135, P=0.011) was perceived. The results also revealed that the BMI had a significant positive association with OSI (r=0.521, P<0.001). In addition, BMI had positive correlation with PTH (r=0.109, P=0.042). The highest average OSI value was observed in the subjects having both obesity and hyperparathyroidism. Conclusion: The PTH and BMI have a positive correlation with OSI, which means that hyperparathyroidism and obesity synergistically increase the risk of falling in Saudi males with vitamin D deficiency. [Helal OF, Kensara O, Azzeh F, and Abd El-Kafy EM. Effect of Parathyroid Hormone and Body Mass Index on Overall Stability Index in Saudi Males with Vitamin D Deficiency. Life Sci J 2016; 13 (2): 1-6]. ISSN: 10978135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj13021601.


SYNOPSIS

In a survey of microsporidian parasites of trematode larvae of Malaysian fresh-water snails, species of Nose-matidae were found 7 times in rediae from 425 Lymnaea rubiginosa, 6 times in rediae from 97 Indoplanorbis exustus and not at all in other snails. There were 3 species of Microsporida in all: one, found in Echinoparyphium dunni, Echinostoma hystricosum and Echinostoma malayanum was identified as Nosema eurytremae Canning; another, which was found in E. dunni and Echinostoma audyi, had paired nuclei (diplokaryon form) in sporogony only and was named a new species, Nosema vasicola sp.n.; the 3rd, from E. hystricosum, lacked diplokaryon nuclei throughout development, was considered to belong to a new genus and was named Unikaryon piriformis gen.n., sp.n. Nosema eurytremae was transmitted experimentally to Fasciola hepatica rediae in Lymnaea truncatula.


We obtain two global structure theorems for semilattices of infinite breadth, exploiting their representations as union-closed set systems. The first of these theorems implies that such a semilattice admits a subquotient isomorphic to one of three natural examples. The second has a Ramsey-theoretic flavour: we study how a union-closed set system interacts with a given decomposition of the underlying set, and show that there is either extreme fragmentation or some controlled structure. In subsequent work, we shall apply these structure theorems to the study of character stability for certain Banach algebras.


This paper provides an indirect test of dividend relevance conducted in periods that straddle the tax law changes effected by the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Using the abnormal ex‐dividend day return to proxy for the tax penalty of dividends, I find a negative relation between changes in this tax penalty and changes in dividends paid. This result is consistent with corporations' equating, at the margin, the costs of dividend payout to its benefits. Hence, this is indirect evidence of dividend relevance.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resin gear with high accuracy and reduced differential shrinkage, and to provide a method for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: A resin gear has a height h1 of a rim on the side having a gate from a surface having a gate of a web, a thickness T1 of the rim on the side having the gate, a height h2 of the rim on the side opposite to the side having the gate from a surface opposite to the surface having the gate of the web, and a thickness T2 of the rim on the side opposite to the side having the gate, satisfying h1≥h2. In the resin gear, differential shrinkage of a rim part is minimized by setting T1h1


This work is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de
Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (TEC2014-51902-
C2-2-R). P.R.U. is sponsored by the Public University of
Navarra via a predoctoral scholarship, and A.E.S. is sup-
ported by the National Science Center of Poland (NCN)
(MetaSel DEC-2015/17/B/ST3/00118). We are very thankful
to Prof. S. Nojima, YCU (Yokohama, Japan), for valuable
discussions.


PART ONE: CONTEXT: DEVELOPMENT OF FAMILY SEXUAL ABUSE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Child Sexual Abuse - Jon R Conte Looking Backward and Forward The Minnesota Family Sexual Abuse Project - Margaret J Bringewatt PART TWO: UNDERSTANDING FAMILY SEXUAL ABUSE AND ITS EFFECTS Families After Sexual Abuse - Carolyn J Levitt, Greg Owen and Jeanette Truchsess What Helps? What is Needed? Effects of Probable Sexual Abuse on Preschool Children - S K Hewitt and W N Friedrich Taking Sibling Incest Seriously - Michael J O'Brien Intergenerational Transmission of Child Sexual Abuse and Maltreatment - Jane F Gilgun Intrafamilial Sexual Abuse in American Indian Families - Irl Carter and Lawrence J Parker PART THREE: EVALUATING TREATMENTS AND INTERVENTIONS Evaluation of a Multiple-Family Incest Treatment Program - Deborah L Woodworth Family Effects of Offender Removal from the Home - Sara Wright Effects of Reunification on Sexually Abusive Families - Jane Kinder Matthews, Jodie Raymaker and Kathleen Speltz An Evaluation Protocol for Incest Family Functioning - James W Maddock, Pamela R Gusk and Catherine F Lally Incest Offenders After Treatment - Greg Owen and Nancy M Steele Female Sexual Offenders - Jane Kinder Matthews, Ruth Mathews and Kathleen Speltz A Typology PART FOUR: SYNTHESIS Patterns, Themes, and Lessons - Michael Quinn Patton


The use of PAP for adults with sleep apnea does not reduce adverse CV events or mortality. Patients who experience daytime fatigue at baseline benefit from reduced sleepiness and improved physical and mental well-being. Order sleep testing only in patients with signs or symptoms of sleep apnea who also experience clinically significant symptoms of daytime fatigue. No one else will benefit.


With research deepgoing in the earthquake-related fields, in order to process large-scale information and to solve complex models, urgent demands for parallel platforms with great computing power are gradually proposed. A Linux-based approach for establishing high-performance computing cluster by using software like OSCAR (Open Source Cluster Application Resources) has been detailed in this paper. Many advantages of the system have been found via tests, including operation stability, facility in changing nodes, simplicity in submission or management of operations, strong monitoring of performance parameters, and etc. The system not only provides a reliable high-performance computing platform, but also simplifies the further development and application based on the latest researches on various large-scale parallel computing programs released by domestic and foreign counterparts, such as SPECFEM3D(a program, developed and updated by California Institute of Technology, is simulating seismic wave propagation in sedimentary basins by using spectral-element method).


The aims of this study were (1) to reveal the students 'ability to solve problems related to the area of the flat shape that was taught after using the Problem Based Learning model supported by visual media, (2) to reveal the students' ability to solve problems related to the area of the flat shape that was taught after using the Direct Instruction model supported by visual media, (3) to reveal whether there is an effect of the Problem Based Learning model supported by visual media on the ability to solve problems related to the area of a flat shape. This study uses a research design Nonequivalent Control Group Design with Quasi Experiment research techniques or quasi-experimental with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SDN Senurus. The data analysis used in this study was the One Sample T Test and the Independent Sample T Test. The conclusions of the results of this study are, (1) the ability to solve problems related to the area of the flat shape of the fifth grade students of SDN Senurus using the Problem Based Learning learning model supported by visual media, the results of the calculations obtained a significant value of 0.000 and a significant level of 5% which means the significance value is 0.000 <0.05 and the student's average score was 86.24, (2) the student's ability to solve problems related to the area of a flat shape using the Direct Instruction model supported by visual media, the results of the calculation obtained a significant value of 1,000 and with a significant level of 5% which means the value the significance is 1,000> 0.05 and the student's average score is 75.00, (3) there is an effect of the Problem Based Learning model supported by visual media on the ability to solve problems related to the area of the flat shape of class V SDN Senurus is proven by showing a significant value of 0.000 with the level 5% significant so there is a significant effect


There were elucidated the topical questions of the professional preparation of the future social workers for the patronage work with people of elderly age. There were determined, that this age category of population needs the specific approaches to the professional preparation of specialist in the aspect of their professional-psychological and professional-pedagogical preparation for the work with elderly people. There was realized an analysis of the series of literature sources on the given topic of our research in the works of the native and foreign famous authors. There was given the author's definition of the notion "readiness for the patronage work with elderly people". There was considered the dynamics of attitude of the future social workers to the patronage work with elderly people. The author determined components, criteria, indicators and levels of readiness of the future social workers for the patronage work. It was proved, that the constructed model favors the formation of readiness for the patronage work with elderly people in students of the specialty "Social work". There was grounded an expediency of elaborated scientific-methodological support at the stage of formation of experimental research


It is necessary to adjust the direction of incident light for minimum phase mismatching when the direction of phase matching deviated from crystal normal direction.The influence of refraction on phase matching in frequency doubling is discussed and corresponding method to determine the incident direction is proposed,which can be used in both uniaxial and biaxial crystals.


With the rapid development of 3D capture techniques, point cloud has attracted significant attentions in recent years. Due to the large data volume of point cloud, efficient compression algorithms are essential for reducing bandwidth and storage consumption. In this paper, we present a novel scheme for point cloud attribute compression based on hierarchical segmentation. In this case, both global segmentation in photometric space and local segmentation in geometric space are analyzed to split point cloud into clusters. An octree based traversal algorithm is introduced to obtain the attribute stream of each cluster. Then, an intra-cluster prediction method is applied to achieve lossless compression. Meanwhile, we map the attribute streams to uniform 2D grids and leverage image coding method to achieve satisfying lossy compression performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our scheme outperforms the previous MPEG scheme in terms of coding efficiency.


We investigate the refractive index difference between the GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells (QWs) and bulk AlGaAs. We find the refractive index difference is smaller when the electric field in the nominally intrinsic MQW region is larger, or when the well (GaAs) thickness of the QW's is larger, or when the Al fraction of the QWs is smaller. The maximum refractive index difference between the 100 /spl Aring/ GaAs/100 /spl Aring/ Al/sub 0.2/Ga/sub 0.8/As QWs at zero electric filed and bulk Al/sub 0.1/Ga/sub 0.9/As is about 0.044. Even with a small refractive index difference of 0.0132, the OFF-state reflectance of a normally-off MQW modulator at the designed photon wavelength will increase from the desired value of 0% to 90% when the reflectivity of the bottom mirror is 0.99.<<ETX>>


Amylase enzyme is an enzyme responsible for digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the small intestine and effect of perlite in the diet of broilers on amylase enzyme had not been investigated. This study had been designed and performed to evaluate effect of different levels of perlite on amylase enzyme activity in small intestine of male broiler chicks. The experiment design was arranged as randomized complete bocks in 4×2 factorial arrangement of treatment. 180 male broilers of Ross 308 commercial hybrid was designated into 3 groups (0, 2 and 4 %). 3 replicates of 20 birds were assigned to each treatment. Control treatments were fed base diet and treatment groups with the same base diet plus 2 or 4% perlite. Animals were slaughtered at 21, 28, 36 and 42 days and different segments of small intestine (at 1,10,30,50,70 and 90% of total length of the small intestine) were taken from each replicates (N = 2). Amylase enzyme activity was measured and recorded. Data were analyzed by SAS (p<0.05). Data showed that intake of perlite, significantly increased Amylase enzyme activity at different weeks and sites of the small intestine of the broiler chicks (p<0.05). These data suggested that perlite administration had significantly affected amylase activity as compared with control treatment.


In recent obscenity cases, the Supreme Court has been attempting to define the constitutional meaning of "speech." 1 This is not as banal a statement as it may seem, for there are critics, both on and off the Court, who think that the Court's task is to define "freedom." Some advocate boundless freedom in this area. For them, obscenity raises no special problems of definition, and is simply an exercise of speech or press presenting dangers which are remote and disputable, rather than clear and present. From this point of view, exemplified by Justices Black' and Douglas,' the only relevant distinction is that between "speech" and "conduct." Obscenity is selfevidently a matter of "expression of ideas" as opposed to "conduct," and so the only remaining question is rhetorical: Does the Constitution permit a line to be drawn between good ideas and bad? Other critics, however, have refused to be bluffed by rhetorical questions. They would limit freedom of speech only to the extent required by a careful balancing with other values. This tradition, exemplified by Justices Frankfurter 4 and Harlan,' demands a strenuous examination of the concept of obscenity in order to reveal the vice it may connote and the values it may threaten.' In each individual case, the courts must balance the requirements of free speech against the


The field of neurosciences has advanced to such an extent that even minute neuronal activities can be measured and studied. These advances created paradigm shifts in the knowledge basis of diversified fields. Medicine, finance, computers, economics are a few of them. Unsubstantial efforts were put in to utilize this technology to better understand the consumer and develop better marketing strategies until, neuromarketing came into existence. Neuromarketing uses the latest advances in brain scanning to reveal the desires, expectations and hidden restraints of consumers. These revelations about the "Human Black-Box" act as an imperative tool for businesses to strategize their marketing attempts. Though the concept has created ripples in the marketing industry all over the world, it is yet to penetrate in Indian marketing scenario. The importance of acceptance of neuromarketing in India lies upon the fact that corporations all over the world see a huge potential in the Indian markets. Therefore, it becomes extremely important to understand the preferences of the Indian consumers. Relatively a newborn in the Indian society, neuromarketing is waiting for a strong academic and experimental platform on which, it can stand firmly. This paper is an attempt to identify the key variables that influence the acceptance of neuromarketing in the Indian society. The interrelationships of these variables have been established using Interpretative Structural Modeling. The variables have been categorized in accordance with their driving power and dependence. Based on the findings, a structural framework has been established that provides an insight into the factors will help neuromarketing to flow smoothly into the Indian society.


The association of the Philadelphia chromosome with chronic myelocytic leukemia is well known, but the association of the Christchurch chromosome with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the Philadelphia (or Philadelphia-like) chromosome with acute myeloblastic leukemia, the Melbourne chromosome with malignant lymphomas, the Madison chromosome with nonepithelial tumors, a long marker chromosome with testicular tumors, and double minute chromatin bodies with childhood tumors are not widely known or agreed upon. These chromosomal abnormalities are but a few of the many reported in the literature. Karyotypic changes are not always seen at the level of the light microscope. Whether chromosomal abnormalities are important in the initiation of neoplasia or not, their identification may be useful in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management of some patients with cancer.


The full working life of a miner is fifty years, from 15, when he leaves school, to 65, when he retires. Degenerative changes affecting the joints can be expected to exert some influence on the results after both spinal injury and meniscectomy in the over 40s. It is therefore interesting to compare the influence of age on the results in both groups: in the spinal injuries 20 men (74%) of the 27 resettled in Category A were under 40. Of the 63 meniscectomies resettled in Category A, 40 men (63 %) were under 40. This suggests that after a spinal injury or meniscectomy a miner has a better chance of getting back to heavy work if he is under 40 and this is confirmed if one compares according to their age group the number of miners who went back to face-work with those who did not.


A series of Parylene C film/silicon substrate bilayer microcantilever beams were fabricated by microelectromechanical processes for the study of residual stresses. The Parylene C films of 2 µm thickness were deposited on the Si substrates with various thicknesses. After deposition at room temperature, deflection of the beam was observed with deposited Parylene C on the concave side. While Parylene C has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than Si, this deflection is believed to result from the thermal mismatch between Parylene C and Si, and the temperature of monomer gas (which is formed at 690 °C) flowing across the sample could be higher than 25 °C. It is estimated to be 73 °C based on the fitting of the curvature versus substrate thickness relation between the measurements and analytical solutions. In this case, Parylene C films are subjected to tension. In addition, the residual stress in the Parlyene C film decreases with decreasing substrate thickness.


The dynamics of head-on collision between two identical droplets was experimentally and computationally investigated, with emphasis on the transitions from merging to bouncing and to merging again, as the collision Weber number was increased. Experimentally the stroboscopically illuminated microphotographic images of two colliding droplet streams, generated through the ink-jet printing technique, were acquired with adequate temporal resolution of the collision event such that the instant at which the droplets merged for both soft and hard collisions was identified. Using this empirical information as an input, the simulated collision images were found to agree well with the experimental observations and allowed investigation of the collision flow field including the energy budget and the fundamental differences between the soft and hard collisions that lead to merging. It is further shown that the merging instant can be computationally assessed through the use of an augmented van der Waals force to effect...


As public institutions,the ordinary universities and colleges are run according to the related laws of the state and the regulations formulated by the respective universities.This paper lays focus on the legal location of such a management system and on the compromise between the autonomy of the universities and state laws.


Nurse care activity recognition is an emerging segment in healthcare automation systems based on physical movement recognition applying machine learning techniques using various sensor-based datasets. In this paper, different machine learning models have been used to recognize the activities. However, before that, our user dataset has been preprocessed using data cleaning, resampling, data labeling, windowing, and filtering techniques in order to handle the ununiform data. Various analytical features have been extracted using Fast Fourier Transformation, Power Spectral Density, and Discrete Wavelet Transformation. After that, the best combinational features have been selected from the extracted features, and class imbalance has been mitigated before applying the conventional machine learning models. After applying all methodology, 87.00% accuracy has been obtained using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine Classifier.


This paper involves an inquiry into the effects and affects of service learning in a Biidaaban Youth Group (BYG) programme under the auspices of the Biidaaban Community Service Learning centre (BCSL) at a small northern Ontario university. Phenomenological, hermeneutical, and narrative inquiry approaches were applied to interviews with stakeholders in BYG including a First Nations' parent, a school-aged child, a First Nations' grandparent and Elder, an education community partner, and a university-student tutor. The concepts of pathic teaching and liberatory service learning help to frame the findings of this study. Analysis of the data evidenced authentic caring for self and other and genuine reciprocity that is transformative and enabled participants to attain a liberatory level of social change and social consciousness as key components of the high quality of service learning that is perceived by those who serve and those who receive service from this unit.


Adding a carbon source to intensive shrimp production systems can control total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) levels and improve feed conversion. Studies have shown that immobilization of inorganic nitrogen only occurs when the carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio of the organic matter is higher than 10. Immobilization of TAN results in the production of bacterial cells rich in single-cell protein that can be utilized as food by carp, tilapia, and shrimp. As a result, the feed-conversion ratio of the supplemental feed applied to ponds decreases, making it possible to use lower-cost, lowerprotein feeds. Although commonly applied in intensive aquaculture, the technique of C:N ratio control is not used in extensively managed ponds, even though these systems support much of the farmed shrimp production worldwide. The authors recently evaluated the effects on water quality and production of adding organic carbon to extensive stagnant shrimp ponds in India. Continuous mixing to keep dissolved and particulate matter dissolved in the water column is a key factor in the success of C:N ratio manipulation in intensive systems. The challenge, therefore, was to determine if the added carbohydrates would positively impact water quality before precipitating to the bottom.


Eighteen patients with major vessel trauma were reviewed three years after the accident. The follow-up included clinical examination and angiography. The morphological results were compared to the applied surgical technique of vessel repair. In all of our patients the blood supply to the injured extremity was clinically sufficient. Optimal morphological results were observed in our study in patients with transverse end-to-end-anastomoses with single stitch suture. If a direct anastomosis was not possible we generally used an autologous vein graft. The simultaneous repair of concomitant vein trauma diminishes the danger of a compartment syndrome.


address to a liberal zenana education activist, the Maharaja's request to the fledgling Indian Institute of Science to set aside funds for deserving poor students, official discussions on the generation of hydro-electric power and the management of the plague outbreak in Bengaluru, state documents on the labour strike of the mid-1930s, extracts from the Infosys prospectus that accompanied the company's first public share offering in 1993, among others. The next section, 'Bangalore to Bengaluru' which mostly consists of academic analyses of the city's climate, traffic, urban governance and built environment, inexplicably departs from the book's commitment to only showcase dominant imaginations of the city. The manifesto of the Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF), a now defunct state-nominated outfit made up almost entirely of the city's corporate elite, offers a good glimpse into the sinister neo-liberal imagination of Bangalore. Similar primary texts should have been found to illustrate the Bangaloreans' deep love for their city's climate and daily horror at the worsening traffic. The book's concluding section, 'The Future in the Past', has excerpts from Gandhi's 1927 speech in Bengaluru reaffirming the importance of sarvodaya ideals and Dewan Mirza Ismail's address at the inauguration of the Indian Academy of Sciences at IISc in 1934. The assorted texts in Bengaluru, Bangalore, Bengaluru, reveal fascinating dimensions of the city's (and Mysore state's) complex history. But they are mostly imaginations in, and not of, the city. With the possible exception of the entries by Buchanan, Arthur Wesleyan, B.L. Rice, and the BATF, the other texts have little to say about the city itself. For instance, the petition of the Vokkaligara Sangha, a caste association, to the Maharaja of Mysore, asking for adequate representation in state services, and the diary entries of K.R. Srinivasa Iyengar, a conservative bureaucrat opposed to the state's reservation policy, are fun to read but offer little by way of capturing the imagination of Bengaluru. This mismatch between the book's express desire to recuperate the shifting imaginations of the city and the work done by the excerpted texts in that regard is stark. Although legitimate and exciting as an intellectual exercise, the exclusive focus on the texts of the dominant is puzzling because Pani deplores that 'the overwhelming presence of the imaginations of the dominant groups at each point in history has ensured (sic) the dialogue with the past is entirely one-sided (p. 6).' And, since a dialogue with the past is what the book seeks to clear the ground for, the inclusion of a few dominated and dissenting imaginations seems necessary. The book's assemblage of texts that were 'heard' (the editors' criterion for identifying a Archiving from Above


Abrahamsen, N. & Marcussen, C. 1980: Preliminary resuIts of rockand palaeomagnetic fjeld work in Peary Land, North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99, 137-145. Collinson, J. D. 1980: Stratigraphy of the Independence Fjord Group (Proterozoic) of eastem North Greenland. RajJp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99,7-23. Frankl, E. 1955: Weitere Beitrage zur Geologie von Kronprins Christians Land (NE-Gronland). Meddr Grønland 103 (7), 35 pp. Funder, S. & Hjort, C. 1980: A reconnaissance of the Quaternary geology of eastern North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99,99-105. Ghisler, M., Henriksen, N., Steenfelt, A. & Stendal, H. 1979: A reconnaissance geochemical survey in the Proterozoic-Phanerozoic platform succession of the Peary Land region, North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geo/. Unders. 88, 85-91. Haller, J. 1961: The Carolinides: an orogenic belt of late Precambrian age in Northeast Greenland.ln Raasch, G. O. (edit.) Geology of the Arctic 1, 155-159. Toronto U.P. Haller, J. 1970: Tectonic map of East Greenland (1:500000). Meddr Grønland 171 (5),286 pp. Henriksen, N. 1980: Collection of stream sediments for a reconnaissance geochemical survey from the Peary Land region, North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99, 119-120. Håkansson, E. 1979: Carboniferous to Tertiary development of the Wandel Sea Basin, eastem North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 88, 73-83. Kalsbeek, F. & Jepsen, H. F. 1980: Preliminary Rb-Sr isotope evidence on the age and metamorphic history of the North Greenland crystalline basement. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99, 107-110. Larsen, O. & Graff-Petersen, P. 1980: Sr-isotopic studies and mineral composition of the Hagen Bræ Member in the Proterozoic clastic sediments at Hagen Bræ, easternNorth Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99, 111-118Pedersen, S. A. S. 1980: Regional geology and thrust fault tectonics in the southern part of the North Greenland fold belt, north Peary Land. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 99, 79-87. Peel, J. S. 1980: Geological reconnaissance in the Caledonian foreland of eastern North Greenland with comments on the Centrum Limestone. Rapp. Grønlands geo/. Unders. 99,61-72. Soper, N. J., Higgins, A. K. & Friderichsen, J. D. 1980: The North Greenland fold belt in eastern Johannes V. Jensen Land. Rapp. Grønlands geo/. Unders. 99, 89-98.


Grafts play a pivotal role in plastic surgery, providing essential solutions for reconstructive and aesthetic challenges. This literature review explores the epidemiology, significance, theoretical framework, and implications of grafts in plastic surgery. The epidemiology highlights the increasing utilization of grafts in diverse patient populations, addressing various anatomical defects and aesthetic concerns. The significance of grafts lies in their capacity to restore form and function, enhancing patients' quality of life and self-esteem. The theoretical framework encompasses the classification of grafts, surgical techniques, and potential complications. Autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic grafts offer versatility in addressing patient-specific needs. Microsurgical techniques and biomaterial advancements have improved graft survival rates. Balancing aesthetic goals and safety remains crucial in achieving desirable outcomes. Ongoing research in grafting materials and techniques presents exciting prospects, including regenerative approaches and personalized grafting solutions. Challenges include selecting the most suitable graft and ensuring long-term monitoring for complications. This review highlights the vital role of grafts in plastic surgery, underlining the need for ongoing research and multidisciplinary collaboration to optimize patient outcomes and advance the field.


It can be said that the technology of voice synthesis and voice recognition in land use has now entered its first stage of practical use.As an experimental trial aiming at man-power saving, the voice control systems, capable of recognizing the registered voices of different speakers, are being developed for main engine and mooring winches.In this report, outlines of the voice control systems are introduced.


This experiment was conducted to study the effects of glutathione (GSH) on growth performance and growth hormone /insulin-like growth factor- I axis in fattening sheep. Twelve sheep aged at three months were randomly allocated into three groups: control (basal diets), treatments 1 (basal diets supplemented with 500 mg/kg GSH) and 2 (basal diets supplemented with 800 mg/kg GSH), with 4 replicates in each treatment. The trial lasted for 60 days. Effects of dietary supplementation of GSH on growth, GH and IGF-Ⅰ levels in serum and IGF-Ⅰ mRNA expression in tissues of fattening sheep were studied. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) was decreased significantly (P0. 05) for sheep supplemented with GSH, and there were no significant differences about average daily feed intake (ADFI) (F0. 05) in all groups. The serum GH and IGF-Ⅰ levels of sheep in all GSH groups were significantly higher than those in control group (P0. 05) at trial period 20, 40 and 60 d. Compared with control group, IGF- Ⅰ mRNA expression in liver and muscle of sheep in all GSH groups were increased, and IGF- Ⅰ mRNA expression in muscle of treatment 2 was increased significantly (P0. 05). These results indicated that dietary GSH supplementation in diets could stimulate the secretion of IGF- Ⅰ in liver and the expression of IGF- Ⅰ mRNA in muscles, increase the serum GH and IGF-Ⅰ levels, and thereby promote the growth of fattening sheep. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009,21(3) :312-318 ]


Gangli Wang from Georgia State University, presented a lecture at the Nano@Tech Meeting on December 8, 2009 at 12 noon in room 1116 of the Marcus Nanotechnology building.


This study aims to analyze the influence of Credit, TPF, and capital on vulnerability as measured by assets in Indonesia at the time of the 1998 Monetary Crisis. This study uses secondary data in the form of time series, the time period of this study is limited monthly from 1998 to 2000. The method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) on program Eviews 8. The results of the study indicate that the credit variable has a negative and significant effect on assets. While deposits and positive capital are significant for assets in state banks in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the overall variables have a significant effect on assets in state banks with the value of all probabilities smaller than 0.05. Based on the results of this study, there was found one variable that could be the source of the emergence of vulnerability, namely the variable of credit distribution.


A system and method is provided for testing a computer system main memory during system startup. An initial block of memory (20) is tested and marked as valid or invalid during a startup sequence, with the remaining system memory initially marked as bad. An operating system and applications can be loaded into the initial block and operate normally, and a concurrent process is invoked to test the remaining system memory. This allows the remaining system memory to be tested and marked as valid during normal system operation.


Due to the proliferation of advanced information technologies and overall digitalization in the post-Covid period, the education system is currently subjected to drastic changes, which in their turn predetermine a new area of theoretical and practical research investigating the issues of distance learning similarly referred to as online learning, e-learning, Web-based training. The present paper reveals the role of digital pedagogy in the modern educational process, evaluates the effectiveness of the most popular learning platform in Russia – the learning management system – Moodle. The brief analysis of the existing online RFL (Russian as a Foreign Language) courses shows a great discrepancy between the insufficient offer and increasing demand for such products in the Chinese educational market. The author describes the experience of the Siberian Federal University in the implementation of the online course "Business Russian" in the educational space of the PRC, featuring the core elements of the course design such as objectives stated, resources used, forms of assessment suggested, as well as the demands and the requirements to the flexible all-in-one approach to Moodle course delivery. The work also provides the interpretation of the poll results, which provide valuable insights into the impressions and the opinions of the students from different countries who have already taken the course.


With intellectual freedom as their core value, American librarians have assumed the responsibility to provide, within their collections, ideas and information across the spectrum of social and political thought. The Internet is allowing libraries to make the vast array of ideas and information available to everyone, and to permit each library user to act as his or her own selector. Since this has been protested in many communities, strategies have been developed to help libraries manage the Internet in accordance with intellectual freedom. These strategies are reported on in detail.


Production, application and expenditure of polyacrylamide are introduced. The synthesis methods of amphotericpolyacrylamide are presented. It is pointed out that the advantage and disadvantage of aqueous solution polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization and inverse microemulsion polymerization in the practice.


AIRING of chromosomes at meiotic metaphase in interspecific hybrids of 'Nicotiana was classified by GOODSPEED (1954) as complete, Drosera scheme, high variable and minimum pairing. In the latter two categories of plants only a fraction of all possible pairs is usually being formed in any particular cell and the question arises whether all or only some of the chromosomes of one species pair with those of the other species, and whether the chromosomes pair in specific or random combinations, and with the same or different probabilities. In a preceding paper (SFICAS 1962) probability distributions were worked out for various situations: 1. If all chromosomes of one parent of the hybrid can pair with homologous chromosomes of the other parent and the probabilities of pairing are equal for all the chromosomes, the bivalent frequency should fit the binomial distribution of degree n and p = m/n where n is the number of potential bivalents, p the probability of pairing and m the mean number of bivalents. 2. If only some of the chromosomes of one member of the hybrid can pair with the same number of homologues of the other member and with equal probabilities, a binomial distribution can be fitted by estimating n and p from the relations f i = m2/ ( m-U) and 6 = ( m-U) / m where m equals mean number of bivalents and U is the variance of the bivalent frequency. 3. If the probabilities of pairing are unequal, the estimated n in case (2) is smaller than the real one. This is because the variance ( U ) becomes smaller than the variance of the binomial with p equaling the average probability of pairing. If, on the other hand, a value for n is assumed, the variance calculated from the data will give an indication whether the Probabilities of pairing differ among them. With unequal probabilities the estimation of n and p is complicated and large samples are needed to get significant results, depending on the magnitude of their differences. This last case is discussed in length by SFICAS (1962). When the p's are small and/or n is large the distribution approaches the Poisson.


The research objective is to improve activities and result learning industrial clothing manufacturing subject through peer teaching learning method. The research method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research subject was 31 students of class XI dressmaking A SMK Negeri 2 Gedangsari in the 2019/ 2020 school year. Data were analyzed using quantitative and decriptive qualitative techniques. The result of the research is that peer teaching learning method can improve activities and industrial clothing manufacturing subject outcomes. The increase in students activities is indicated from pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. In the pre-cycle stage, 1) there are 6 (19,35%) increase become 14 (45,16%) who actively ask question, 2) there are 5 (16,12%) increase become 15 (48,38%), who actively answer the question. 3) There are 4 (12,90%) become 15 (48,38%) who actively work together, 4) There are 5 (16,12%) become 20 (64,51%) who actively do the assignments, in the end of cycle. While the increase of industrial clothing manufacturing subject outcomes is indicated by the increase in the presentage of the number of students whose grades reach KKM from pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. In the pre-cycle stage, there are 7 students (22,58%) whose grades reach the KKM. In cycle I, there are 17 students (54,83%), in the second cycle, there are 26 students (84%).


The coumarin fraction of cold-pressed Sicilian lemon oils (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.) was investigated by HPLC, MS, GC-MS and NMR. Twenty-nine structurally different compounds were identified. Eleven of these were previously unknown as constituents of lemon oil. 5-(2′,3′-Dihydroxy-3′-methylbutyloxy)-7-methoxycoumarin, 5-(2′,3′-epoxy-3′-methylbutyloxy)-7-methoxycoumarin, 8-(7′,8′-epoxygeranyloxy)psoralen as well as 5-(3′-methylbut-2′-enyloxy)-8-(2′,3′-dihydroxy-3′-methylbutyloxy)psoralen are hitherto unknown natural products. Moreover, a new derivatization method for the investigation of allyloxycoumarins, based on mild hydrogenation, is presented.


Mountain recreation has become more popular, with mountaineering, rock climbing, skiing, mountain biking, hiking, and mushroom picking among the most popular sports including desert safari. Despite this tendency, there is currently limited research available explaining the rise in search and rescue as well as the injuries and illnesses that entail aid in tourist-friendly areas. Deep learning has been termed as potentially effective tool for SAR applications. Even if the individual is partially veiled, a trained deep learning system can recognize them from a variety of perspectives. Existing state-of-the-art detectors such as Faster R-CNN, YOLOv4, RetinaNet, and Cascade R-CNN have been investigated in literature on various datasets to simulate rescue scenes with acceptable results. In this research, the YOLOv5L detector is investigated for further investigation on Search and rescue dataset because of its great speed and accuracy, as well as claimed small number of false detections. The results illustrate the highest mean average accuracy and is compared with other detectors.


The production of hydroelectric power is strongly affected due to periods of drought. In Portugal there are about forty-nine hydroelectric plants with installed capacity of more than 10MW. In the year 2017 the generation of electricity in Portugal was 54.52 TWh, of which about 14% was hydroelectric production reflecting a year below normal in hydroelectric power production. This article discusses the impact of drought periods on hydroelectric power production in Portugal, which address the importance of hydroelectric production in Portugal. Among the factors influencing the production of hydroelectric power, a method is presented for analysis of a dry month through the monthly precipitation indicators, energy production by monthly technology and energy price. These indicators were presented and analyzed in three case studies presented in this article. A solution is also presented to reduce the impact of drought periods on Hydro production.


We report a series of observations of the v=l, J=2-l transition of SiO (86243.28 MHz) toward four Mira variables (o Cet, R Leo, W Hya, and R Cas) and Orion A over the period September 1976 - February 1978. Ob servations were made with the 6-m mm-wave telescope of the Tokyo Astro nomical Observatory. Most of the spectra were taken with an acousto-optical spectrometer with an effective resolution of about 57 kHz. Among these sources, only o Cet tended to show in-phase variation during our observing period. in the variations of either fluxes or profiles of the other three.


The invention provides a negative-pressure stone removing sheath of a percutaneous nephroscope. The negative-pressure stone removing sheath of the percutaneous nephroscope comprises an outer sheath, an inner sheath, two inner sheath side holes and a negative-pressure suction apparatus, and the inner sheath is sleeved in the outer sheath. The inner sheath is longitudinally parallel to the outer sheath, and fixed on one inner side of the outer sheath. The tip of one end of the inner sheath is flush with the tip of the outer sheath, and the two inner sheath side holes are formed nearby the tip. The other end of the inner sheath extends out of the outer sheath to be communicated with the negative-pressure suction apparatus. The negative-pressure stone removing sheath of the percutaneous nephroscope is convenient to operate during surgery, efficiency of removing broken stone in the process of percutaneous nephrolithotomy can be effectively improved, internal pressure of pelvises during surgery can be reduced by the negative-pressure stone removing sheath of the percutaneous nephroscope, probability of infection exacerbation during surgery is lowered, and complications of the surgery are decreased.


Indiana may be added to the list of states3 in which the expression any more meaning 'nowadays' is heard frequently in affirmative, as well as negative, statements. It is common in Clay County,4 my home until I left for college; and I am told by both students and colleagues at Purdue University that it is often used in Tippecanoe County.5 A student from Scott County6 has heard it and thinks it is common there. Jeannette Covert Nolan, writer of a thrice-weekly column in the Indianapolis Star, recently wrote that she had heard the expression in Marion, Morgan, and Monroe counties.7 She considered it a central Indiana expression since she had never heard it in Vanderburgh County, an Ohio River county, in which she was born and reared.


List of Illustrations AcknowledgmentsIntroductionPart I. Chinatown, Chatham Square, and the Bowery 1 A Round for the Old Atlantic (The Atlantic Garden) 2 Chinatown Theater (The 1893 Chinese Theater) Part II. Union Square and the East Village 3 A Roof with a View (American Mutoscope Studio) 4 Caretakers of Second Avenue (Hebrew Actors' Union) Part III. The Tenderloin 5 If You Can Make 'Em Cry (Tin Pan Alley) 6 Tenderloin Winners and Losers (Shang Draper's Gambling House)Part IV. Harlem 7 A Theater of Our Own (The Lincoln Theater) 8 Rise and Fall of the Original Swing Street (West 133rd Street) Part V. Times Square 9 The Strike Invisible (Horn & Hardart's Original New York Automat) 10 Last Dance at the Orpheum (The Orpheum Dance Palace) 11 Nights of Gladness (Billy Rose's Diamond Horseshoe) Epilogue A Note on Sources NotesBibliographyIndex About the Author


This article examines trademark parody in statutory and mass media case law by, in part, analyzing several key cases which illustrate the use of quantitative social science research in the determination of trademark parody infringement. Although the definition and nature of trademark parody has not been settled definitively, courts' attitudes toward survey evidence, particularly its probative value and materiality in the determination of copyright and trademark infringement litigation, have evolved over time. Courts now admit survey evidence if it meets certain methodological conditions. In trademark parody litigation, survey evidence pointing to a "likelihood of confusion" has evolved as the standard test of trademark infringement. However, there are questions whether vague, subjective concepts like "a likelihood of confusion" and "perception of substantial similarity" between trademarks can be adequately measured by consumer surveys. It is argued that multi‐method research which has both quantitative an...


Highly viscous mono-aluminium phosphate and aluminium- chromium phosphate were prepared from out of standard chemicals for the purpose of studying the relative advantages when employed for bonding inert aggregates of fused alumina.These were incorporated in a mix composed essentially of fused grains of bauxite, constituting the relatively inert matrix with a view to developing some suitable ramming masses which might meet the severe conditions of applications at high temperatures. The cold crushing strengths of such bodies and also hot mechanical strength, as determined from refractoriness under load, and compressional torsional creep measurements revealed that aluminium chromium phosphate was superior to mono-aluminium phosphate in spite of its lower P2Os content. The enhancement of strength is ascribed to greater thermal stability of aluminium-chromium phosphate. © 1978, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.


Each song lyrics in the song has a specific purpose to be conveyed by the creator to the public. Song contains rows of beautiful words beautiful lyrics often use a figure of speech. The purpose of this study was to analyze the figure of speech in Milion Love Album between Rama Band which consists of  8 songs are among Love Milion, Never Give Upe, Last Love, Angel, Beautiful Moment, Love Song, Survife, Doubt, and Sory. This is a research kualitative empirically descriptive method which aims to analyze the meaning of the figure of speech in Millions Love Album Band Rama. Data was collected by way of, (1) read and understand all the lyrics that there exist in album, (2) mark the figure of speech that uses in the all lyrics, (3) record data according to the research objectives. Data analysis was done in three stages, namely, (1) classify or categorize words, (2) analyze the meaning contained in the song lyrics contained in the eleven tracks, (3) make the conclusion of result analyze. From the results of the analysis obtained using the lyrics of songs in the album figure of speech "among the myriads of love" rama band can be summed up in the album "among millions of love" more emphasis on the use of figurative language or figure of speech. Figure of speech that are found throughout the lyrics of the songs in the album "Love among the millions of"  Band Rama is a figure of speech that is as much as 6, found 11 figure of speech hyperbole, personification majas 6, majas parable found 5, 4 ellipsis figure of speech, allegory 4 figure of speech, figure of speech sinekdoke 2, figure of speech eufesmisme 2, and the figure of speech that most less found are oksimoran and Zeugma exactly figure of speech in which each of them there is only 1 piece . Keywords : Data Analysis, Between A Milion Love , Band Rama .


On-line signature verification is one of widely acceptable biometrics. Since it can reveal more intrinsic characteristics inherent in writer, spectral information that contains in features can be used to on-line signature verification. In order to extract more effective spectral information, features are decomposed by Wavelet packet (WP) with optimal mother wavelet. Information entropy theory is introduced to reveal the disorder of spectral information contained in signature. The optimal mother wavelet, which is used in WP analysis, is selection based on maximum energy-entropy values to extract more effective information of signature to be used in verification. Because of different writing habits, stabilities of spectral information inherent in signatures maybe varied. To improve the robustness only stable spectral information is extracted. Several experiments are carried out on standard on-line signature dataset MCYT_Subcorpus_100 (DB1), which consists of 5000 signatures from 100 individuals in total. Experiment results demonstrate that the efficiency of on-line signature verification is improved greatly by our proposed method. The best result is given by EER=3.11%, which also indicates the effectiveness of our proposed methods.


As an important symbol of railway modernization, the high-speed railway station becomes the window of the convenient and comfortable which passengers feel about high-speed railway. How to evaluate passenger satisfaction of high-speed railway station scientifically and reasonably has become an important issue to examine the level of service. According to the evaluation system which is built with new characteristics of high-speed railway station, a satisfaction evaluation method which is based on structural equation modeling is proposed, and several parameters are modified as well. Processing the Case study with the representative high-speed railway stations as the analyzing object, the feasibility and applicability of the algorithm, the rationality of evaluation system is verified by the result.


The use of advanced imaging in staging of breast cancer is on the rise. In countries with limited resources, appropriate patient selection for advanced imaging is mandatory.


It is a common palace of commercial life today that businesses are conduct not only in the form of a single private or public company, but also in the form of a group of companies consisting of a holding company (which may often be a listed public company) and a number of usually wholly owned subsidiaries and possibly sub-subsidiaries. Nowadays the group from may be employed at quite a small level of private business for tax or other reasons. As with larger groups of companies, different branches of the business or different properties will be located in each subsidiary. It may be convenient for different parts of business to be managed by separate but connected companies. There is in practice a presumption of direction of the wholly-owned subsidiary by its parent company. Because of this direction, the parent company is often fined for the illicit behaviour of the subsidiary. But the presumption of direction can be rebutted and the parent company can deny its liability, proving the independence of the subsidiary. This research work for: To set out some of the arguments and provide links to academic and other material that can shed light on the debate, notably proprietary research that examines the holding companies liability to subsidiary company, from a regulatory and corporate governance perspective under the Companies Act 2006.


Maps and navigation applications are essential tools in the modern era, especially for smartphone users. Navigation apps not only guide us on the correct path to the destination but also serve to find convenience and provide connectivity by sharing locations, travel status, and expert guidance. Map applications offer real-time updates which rely on crowdsourcing data from users, historical data, and advanced prediction algorithms. However, due to the dynamic nature of the urban environment, navigational apps fail to provide unscheduled road closure information. This study investigates erroneous situations and found 23 incidences where maps fail to navigate the closure information. We propose ROADNote, an automated system that accommodates urban sensors and provides closures update to users. ROADNote provides real-time traffic conditions by automated detections using future-generation commodity sensors. We built a prototype of ROADNote; after that, we conducted experiments to get real-time road-closer information by visual sensors (i.e., drone, camera). ROADNote facilitates to reduce of average travel time by 3.48 minutes and distance by more than 300 meters.


Abstract : It is well known that surface tension force dominates the fluid flow in the weld pool (Marangoni effect), influencing weld penetration and properties of the weld. In fact, it has been recently reported by EWI that when a thin surface active element rich layer is coated to the surface of the metal, more than several times of penetration depth was increased for a Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process. The objective of the present study is to systematically study the effects of surface active elements for both GTAW and GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding), not only on fluid flow patterns and weld penetration, but also on the distribution of surface active elements in the weld pool and possible formation of defects. Among the many accomplishments achieved by the project, the most significant one is that mathematical models were developed for the first time having the capabilities to simulate the droplet impinging process and the effects of surface active elements for both spot and 3-D moving GMAW.


A laboratory experiment was conducted in the algae-station of the Fertilization Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt with the green alga Scenedesmus sp. to study the effect of citrate waste in the nutrient solution on vegetative growth and pigments accumulation. The alga was incubated in 2000 ml culture with 10 ml citric acid waste characterized by high CNPK contents. After maximum growth rate was achieved induction was performed (by the day ten) and separate addition of NaCl, FeSO4 and chelated FeSO4 was performed and citrate volume was raised to be 50ml.l. Growth measurements were dry weight, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Results showed that maximum vegetative growth was reached after approximately 10 days of incubation. The maximum growth rate during this period was 0.29 and 0.26 d, while average growth rate was 0.14 and 0.16 dfor dry weight and total chlorophyll, respectively. Except of cultures received chelated FeSO4, all other treated cultures (control, metal FeSO4 and NaCl) resulted in complete degradation of chlorophyll and massive accumulation of carotenoids. The cultures were completely greenish yellow and yellow colored. Maximum chlorophyll ratio was found in control cultures which received citrate only (50ml.l), however maximum carotenoids ratio was detected in the algae supplied with metal FeSO4, followed by 2.0% NaCl. [Nature and Science 2010;8(10):34-40]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).


We thanks Mr. David Chang for manuscript preparation, Miss Fahsai Thai-on, Miss Nittaya
Jaerem, Miss Hawa Phoonpherm, Miss Kanchanid Panjareon, Miss Chanunchida
Phitchayanitinai, students and teachers from Samsenwittayalai School for helping with field
work. This work was supported in part by Samsenwittayalai school and the Center of
Excellence for Ecoinformatics, Walailak University.


Methods and apparatus are provided for data communication between a transmitter and receiver over a plurality of serial links, which cause the transmitter to send serialized groups of bits down each lane, in such a way that the first bit of each group (each lane) is guaranteed to arrive in the correct order at the receiving end. Various embodiments of the present invention include declaring a budget for the maximum skew between lanes. In such embodiments, subsequent to determining the skew budget between lanes, the data to be transmitted is divided into groups of N bits, where N is any convenient number larger than M times S, with M being the number of lanes and S being the budgeted skew, in bit times.


Based on the lysimeter method,the nitrogen loss in different fertilizer treatments were studied in the rice field.The results showed that the concentrations of nitrogen in the rice field water decreased day by day after fertilization in each treatment.On the next day after fertilization,the concentrations of NH + 4-N in the surface water in the chemical fertil-izer treatment,mixed fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer treatment decreased by 35.17% 、24.78% and 14.12%,re-spectively.Application of organic fertilizer can effectively reduce the rate of nitrogen leaching in the soil.The TN con-centrations of leaching water in 50 cm depth in the chemical fertilizer treatment,mixed fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer treatment reduced respectively by 53.0%、52.6%、44.2% on the seventh day after fertilization.The concentration of NO-3-N in the leaking water in the organic fertilizer treatment was lowerest,which was respectively 47.8% and 65.8% of the chemical fertilizer treatment and mixed fertilizer treatment.Application of organic fertilizer can reduce the nitrogen loss in the runoff water and seeping water,which reduced by 39.70% and 62.07% than the chemical fertilizer treatment without causing a dramatic reduction in the rice yield.


Background Procalcitonin (PCT), an amino acid protein precursor of calcitonin hormone released by thyroid C cells or other body cells, can be used as a marker for diagnosing infection. PCT has a suggestive role in diagnosing diabetic foot infection alone or in combination with other markers of infection. Objective The aim was to clarify the effectiveness of PCT as a marker for diagnosing of infection in Egyptian patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in comparison with other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study was carried out at Menoufia University Hospitals, from the period of January 2018 to December 2018. In total, 90 patients were classified into three groups; each group contained 30 patients: group I served as diabetic control without foot ulcers, group II patients had noninfected DFU, and group III patients had infected diabetic foot ulcer (IDFU). Diagnosis of IDFU relied on Infectious Diseases Society of America-International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot classification of diabetic foot infection. Results Serum PCT levels were elevated in DFU groups, with significantly higher in infected more than noninfected DFU. In addition, PCT levels were significantly higher in patients with IDFU compared with traditional markers such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell counts. Conclusion Based on our results, we conclude that PCT has a valuable role in diagnosing infection in DFUs.


A study has been made to determine the general characteristics of mixing and the amount of dilution that waste stack gases would experience when discharged into the atmosphere. It was assumed that such was dependent upon the meteorological conditions. Hence, for the experimental work, a 16 inch stack, 200 ft. high, was erected through which, by means of blowers, the whole discharge of an Army M-1 smoke'' (oil-fog) generator was ejected into the air. The stack was provided with 1-{1/4} inch outlets at each 50 ft. interval (up to 150 ft.) through which came enough smoke to act as tracers for air flow at the various altitudes. These jet pipes extended outward 3 feet from the stack; from each jet and at 200 feet a shielded thermocouple was suspended and connected to a precision potentiometer in the nearby office building. Recording anemometers were placed at 16 and 60 feet and a recording anemometer and wind vane at 200 feet. This instrumental arrangement provided data on the lapse rate, the wind velocity, the change of wind velocity and the wind direction of the stack top.


This study aims to evaluate the usability of XML-based Chungnam National University Digital Library Website. Usability testing are used three method, that is Log File Analysis, Online Questionnaire and Heuristic Evaluation. Log files are analyzed in using WiseLog Enterprise and Hit Analyzer for Enterprise jx 1.5 Beta Version and total 21 items are analyzed and evaluated in using online questionnaire method and heuristic evaluation is inquired by experts of web and information retrieval fields. Finally this paper was suggested some problems and improvements to advance quality of user services in university digital library website in korea.


The concern about comfort levels in poultry production is increased during the recent years, gaining more importance due to complexity with which the production factors are correlated. A great number of climatic factors affect the environment inside the animal housing and to know it's influence on final production is determinent for better understanding of environmental phenomena. The maintenance of thermal comfort inside the poultry houses is one of the problems faced by the broiler producers. The birds respond in different ways depending on the conditions of internal temperature and relative humidity. The ingestion of ration and water is also influenced by the same conditions, reason for which, in this study, an evalution of behavior of broilers submitted to different combinations of temperature and relative humidity under climatizied conditions was monitored by video cameras, permitting individual (animal) electronic monitoring (camera and video) of birds with regard to broiler's ingestive behavior. The results showed that the water ingestion was higher with increased in temperature and age, while the food ingestion was lesser when the temperature and age increased.


This study has explored the effect of the Internet on international service trade in developing countries using the method of unbalanced panel data and modified gravity model from 1990 to 2011. The obtained results showed that on the investigation period, The Internet has had a positive and significant effect on the service trade of developing countries. Furthermore, there is a positive relation among service trade and GDP, financial depth and population.


The impact of video games on minors has aroused general concern for decades. The amount of studies addressing violent video games is extensive. Previous research has well documented that playing violent video games is linked to increases in aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, and aggressive behavior, and decreases in prosocial behavior like empathy and helping behavior. In contrast, there has been much less evidence on the effects of prosocial video games. In the last two years, researchers found that exposure to prosocial video games decreased aggressive cognition and increased prosocial behavior. General Learning Model (GLM) can be employed to explain the short-term and long-term effects of video games on the changes of sociality of minors. Further research is needed to uncover the mechanisms.


The work on the formation mechanism and prediction theory of severe climatic disasters in China is the first part of a major research project dealing with both climate and synoptic disasters in China, which is among the first batch of winners of support from the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences. After a three-year study, the project has met all its targets of the project phase and achieved important advances.


Post-traumatic psychological intervention has become a necessary need for modern society.The essence of post-traumatic psychological intervention is to help victimized people keep homoiostasis from the external environment and establish a mobile gear-like system.Post-traumatic intervention is constrained by various social factors which needs to integrate multi-disciplinary approach for the enhancement of system and regulation of post-traumatic psychological intervention.


Objectives This study aims to examine my experiences as a researcher and an low experienced special class teacher teaching deaf-blind students and to determine practical knowledge built through this experience.
Methods I used autoethnography to examine my experiences as a researcher to achieve the purpose of this study. Autoethnography is a qualitative research method that involves critically narrating one's reflective stories about their personal experiences within a social context, with the aim of facilitating a theoretical understanding of one's life. In this context, as the researcher, 'I' sought to describe the 'experiences of an low experienced special education teacher' assigned to the social and cultural environment of a 'special class with deaf-blindness stu-dents' from a reflective and self-reflective perspective.
Results The results of this study are as follows. First, I feared educating students with deaf-blindness, but 'knowledge of the milieu of teaching' was built by identifying the characteristics of deaf-blind students from mul-tiple aspects. Second, 'knowledge of the curriculum and subjects' was built by process of designed, conducted, and evaluated classes of educating these students. Third, 'personal knowledge as a teacher' was built by cooper-ating with teachers and parents, communicating with deaf-blind students and those without disabilities, and growing into an expert in educating deaf-blind students.
Conclusions The results provide the necessary pointers for improving the adaptability of low experienced special education teachers.


In this article we present CWSD (Combined Word Sense Disambiguation) a method and a software tool for enabling automatic annotation of local structured and semi-structured data sources, with lexical information, in a data integration system. CWSD is based on the exploitation of WordNet Domains, structural knowledge and on the extension of the lexical annotation module of the MOMIS data integration system. The distinguishing feature of the algorithm is its low dependence of a human intervention. Our approach is a valid method to satisfy two important tasks: (1) the source annotation process, i.e. the operation of associating an element of a lexical reference database (WordNet) to all source elements, (2) the discover of mappings among concepts of distributed data sources/ontologies.


UNDER the auspices of the Gassiot Com‐mittee of the Royal Society a conference on rocket exploration of the upper atmosphere was held at Queen's College, Oxford, on August 24, 25 and 26. The majority of the papers pre‐sented were concerned with the instrumentations and techniques for physical measurements con‐cerning the atmosphere, but in addition there were some papers which outlined the develop‐ment of the high altitude sounding rocket, first using modified V‐2 rockets and then new vehicles constructed specifically for high altitude research.


Proteins including peptides as therapeutics have been expanded in recent years due to improvements in expression or synthesis of proteins and peptides that closely resemble fully human analogues over the last few decades. However, the main drawbacks associated with protein therapeutics are physicochemical instability, low solubility, proteolytic degradation, relatively short circulating half-life and immunogenicity. Several strategies have emerged as ways to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of protein therapeutics, including manipulation of amino acid sequence to decrease immunogenicity and proteolytic cleavage, fusion or conjugation to immunoglobulins and serum albumin proteins, incorporation into microsize or nanometer delivery carriers for protection and sustained release, and conjugating to natural or synthetic polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysialic acid, and hydroxyethyl starch polymers.


The obstetricians are increasingly becoming convinced, based on experience, that in cases where there is a choice between forceps and twist, forceps should be preferred, as it is less dangerous for the mother and the fetus, even in the presence of deformity or narrowness. pelvis. In general, thanks to the advances in instrumental technology and the increasing experience of obstetricians, we can now apply forceps in many such cases in which we did not dare to do so before.


This paper discusses Shaul Bakhash's article, Islam and Social Justice in Iran. Bakhash's article describes how key beliefs about economic and political thought were part and parcel with the early roots of the Shi'a Islamist revival that led to the Iranian revolution in 1979. How those various beliefs interacted with one another is explored.


The corrosion behavior of a group of nuclear fuel oxides including urania, thoria, urania-zirconia, urania-calcia-zirconia, and urania-thoria has been studied in 360/sup 0/C, pH 10 flowing water, both degassed and oxygenated (5 and 100 ppM). Weight gains of the specimens, which were of plate or cylindrical pellet shape, were determined periodically during the corrosion exposures, some of which were as long as 500 days; in addition, ceramographic examinations, x-ray diffraction measurements, and chemical analyses were carried out on selected specimens. The results are summarized and discussed. (NSA 24: 25764)


The mechanism of the morphological 2D−3D transformations of insoluble supersaturated monolayers of long chain alkanoic acids, and their methyl ester and salt derivatives is studied directly at the air/water interface by means of Brewster angle microscopy. The phase changes occurring upon continuous overcompression of nonionic and charged monolayers are compared. The relationship between the shape of the monolayer isotherms in the region of the attained maximum surface pressure and the morphological features of the 2D−3D transformations is investigated. The effects of the hydrocarbon chain length variation (C14, C18, C22), hydrophilic head groups ionization, strength of interfacial hydrogen bonding, temperature, and compression rate on the morphology of the 3D phase, separated from the overcompressed monolayers, are monitored. It is found that the interaction of the monolayers with the aqueous subphase (through head groups ionization or hydrogen bonding) has the strongest influence on the morphology of the...


The unerupted teeth of the polyphyodont leopard gecko form a highly patterned array consisting of teeth arranged in diagonal lines from most to least mature. These gradients of tooth maturity and size were originally termed Zahnreihen. Little is known about how these arrays assemble in such a precise pattern. We therefore set out to follow the addition of teeth to the Zahnreihen in geckos. First we scanned 5 hatchlings with μCT to quantify the number and arrangement of teeth specified in ovo. All individuals had diagonally oriented Zahnreihen consisting of 4–5 teeth along the jaw arch. Embryos were fixed at several times prior to hatching to investigate the development of the Zahnreihen. The first teeth to mineralize in the maxilla become the anterior‐most members of the longest Zahnreihen (5 teeth long). Marginal teeth are added anteriorly and posteriorly to this region before the Zahnreihen elongate. Nonetheless, the relative positions of some developing teeth and total marginal tooth numbers differed between individuals at hatching. Contributing to this variability, in between larger teeth at the jaw margin, we identified small, mineralized structures in between larger marginal teeth that could be rudimentary teeth or newly initiating tooth positions (and possibly Zahnreihen). To clarify the identity of these small marginal structures, we performed a dual label experiment with calcein and xylenol orange to document mineralization of teeth in ovo (N = 3). Calcein was injected at stage 39 at a time when μCT scans show 13–14 mineralizing teeth per upper jaw quadrant. Xylenol orange was injected 5 days later, and then embryos were sacrificed just prior to hatching, 15 days after the xylenol injection. 3D imaging with optical projection tomography revealed that the smallest, lingual‐most teeth have only a xylenol label, indicating that the dyes are cleared from embryonic circulation despite being in the closed system of the egg. The small mineralized structures identified in the marginal tooth row were labeled with calcein, indicating that they represent rudimentary teeth initiated early in tooth patterning, not the interstitial addition of new tooth positions peri‐hatching. No unlabeled teeth were present along the jaw, so in the 15 days post‐labeling, no new teeth formed that could be detected within the resolution of our scans (9.55μm voxel size).