IT has been said that the day of the traditional textbook of jurisprudence is over. Yet selected readings are little guide to the student, being but a poor substitute for a bibliographical list and a library. Professor Lloyd has made a bid to get the best of both worlds by giving us the texts of others and his own commentary. Within the limits he has set for himself, bis success is so obvious that this book may well become a pattern for others. As, however, a reader wishing to have a general conspectus of English jurisprudence might be expected to go to a work entitled Introduction to Jurisprudence, it is as well to state what this book is not. It is not a textbook in the ordinary sense, for the author's contributions amount to less than a hundred pages and constitute only one-fifth of the text. Nor is it merely a collection of readings, for the author contributes eleven " introductory chapters " and occasional notes to the texts. Nor is the subject-matter the whole of jurisprudence as taught in England: it is limited to legal theories and one chapter on the judicial process. (Indeed, although the author has interesting comments to make on the nature of judicial reasoning, it is doubtful whether the English rules relating to custom and equity, precedent and statutory interpretation, can usefully be examined in a work otherwise devoted to legal theories.) Nor is it merely an introduction; for, although some introductory chapters (such as those on the Sociological School and Marxist Theory) are primarily descriptive, others (for example, on Austin, Kelsen and Lundstedt) are so highly critical as to be comprehensible only to those who have already mastered the material to which the comments are intended as an introduction. As Professor Lloyd does not appear to be committed to any set policy in this matter, could he not contemplate, for his lat'er editions, the possibility of having a purely explanatory introduction to each section, followed (after the readings) by his critical comments ? As it stands, it is doubtful whether the average reader would regard the book as a substitute for the more usual textbook, even though it possesses the advantage of a unity derived from the author's standpoint of sociological positivism.


The recent successful integration of magnetic racetrack memory forecasts a new computing era with unprecedentedly high-density on-chip storage. However, racetrack memory accesses require frequent magnetic domain shifting, introducing overheads in access latency and energy consumption. In this paper, we evaluate and compare several different physical layout strategies and array organizations. From this evaluation, a workload-oriented racetrack LLC architecture is proposed that combines different array types, each of which is tailored to a specific data access pattern. Further, a resizable cache access strategy is applied to reduce shifting overheads at runtime. Our simulation results show that compared with the leading racetrack-based cache, the proposed racetrack LLC can improve system performance by 13.2% reduce LLC energy consumption by 30.4%.


The present issue of Nuevo Texto Crítico aims at contributing towards a reappraisal of the Manifesto antropófago. To this end, the organizers of Anthropophagy Today! have invited both specialists on the theme, as well as theoreticians and critics who are not necessarily familiar with Brazilian literature, nor with Oswald de Andrade's concept of anthropophagy. In other words, we are not concerned with the investigation of an imaginary national identity, to be revealed through the exegesis of the Manifesto antropófago. We believe that the discourses about identity are essentially useless, because they are inevitably tautological. The present issue sees Oswaldian anthropophagy as a problem. In common with Claude Lévi-Strauss' view of myths, problems have to supply food for thought, otherwise they cannot be considered as constituting a valuable problem. Thus, the measure of their value cannot reside in the monotonous recipe for national identity, i.e., a certain amount of Brazil, added to a little exoticism, and seasoned according to taste. If the Manifesto antropófago is seen as a problem, then its focus on national identity matters less than the complexity from which it gains its nourishment. In other words, it is a question of acknowledging Benedito Nunes' pioneer work. In some of Nunes' essays, the philosophical dimension of Oswaldian anthropophagy was interpreted against the backcloth of Western culture. On the contrary, the strategy of the majority of Latin American intellectuals, who always take pains to underline the typical Latin American characteristics of this or that discourse, simply reinforces the interests which they believe are being contradicted. Indeed, theirs is an illusive argument against what they believe are the decision-making centers.


analysis and psychophysiology: A tutorial using depression and action-monitoring event-related potentials, This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Abstract Meta-analyses are regularly used to quantitatively integrate the findings of a field, assess the consistency of an effect and make decisions based on extant research. The current article presents an overview and step-by-step tutorial of meta-analysis aimed at psychophysiological researchers. We also describe best-practices and steps that researchers can take to facilitate future meta-analysis in their sub-discipline. Lastly, we illustrate each of the steps by presenting a novel meta-analysis on the relationship between depression and action-monitoring event-related potentials – the error-related negativity (ERN) and the feedback negativity (FN). This meta-analysis found that the literature on depression and the ERN is contaminated by publication bias. With respect to the FN, the meta-analysis found that depression does predict the magnitude of the FN; however, this effect was dependent on the type of task used by the study.


Gerardus Van der Leeuw (1890 - 1950) considered German National Socialism and Russian communism as equally great threats to western civilization because of their nihilistic character. A few years before the Nazis came to power in Germany, Van der Leeuw expressed his concern about the loss of values in modern society, and about the cultural crisis in Europe. In 1939 Gustav Mensching had asked Van der Leeuw to consider leaving out the names of Jewish authors, in this case Levy-Bruhl and Cassirer, in a planned German translation of one of his major works. So, looking at the general picture, Van der Leeuw has not been much of an exception when it comes to his critique of culture. Neither was he an exception when he joined the political movement which proposed a 'critical collaboration' with the German oppressors in 1940, since many intellectuals and politicians did the same.Keywords: Gerardus Van Der Leeuw; German National Socialism; nihilistic character; Russian communism


Palabras clave: Software Product Lines, Domain Engineering, Feature ModelsResumen. Feature models are one of the most important assets in software productline engineering when capturing variability. Although the analyses of feature models wasstated as challenging problem since they were fist proposed, it has not been fully achievedyet. In this paper we survey the state of the art on the automated analyses of featuremodels outlining the main advances made until now. We conclude that our proposal basedon constraint programming is one of the most promising ones since it supports all theoperations identified in this paper over feature models.1 IntroductionThe industrialization of the software engineering discipline is not achieved yet. We un-derstand the industrialization of software as the capability of producing software systemsthat fulfill budget and quality in a prescribed way. In other industries this is achieved byproducing product lines. Indeed, Boing, Dell or even Mc Donalds builds product lines ofaircraft, computers or hamburgers. Why not Software Product Lines (SPLs)?A key technical question that confronts software engineers is how to specify a particularproduct in an SPL. One of the possible solutions is to do it in terms of features, where afeature is an increment in product functionality. Designing a family of software systemsin terms of features is more natural than doing it in terms of objects or classes becausethey are understood by all stakeholders [19]. While single software systems are specifiedin terms of features, software product lines are specified using feature models.Feature models are recognized in the literature to be one of the most important contri-butions to SPL engineering [3]. A key task is to capture commonalities and variabilitiesamong products and feature models are used to this end.Although there has been advances in SPL engineering regarding feature models, a keytechnical aspect remains open: their automated analyses. In this paper we survey thestate of the art on the automated analyses of feature models. First, we review the different1


Vectorless power grid verification is a formal approach to analyze power supply noises across the chip without detailed current waveforms. It is typically formulated and solved as linear programs, which demand intensive computational power, especially for large-scale power grids. In this paper, we propose a constraint abstraction technique to reduce the computation cost of vectorless verification. The boundary condition of a subgrid is modeled by boundary constraints, which enable efficient calculation of conservative bounds of power supply noises in a divide-and-conquer manner. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves significant speedup over prior art while maintaining good solution quality.


Provided are a DMB system for reducing a working load of a DMB receiving terminal, a method of transmitting PSI/SI version information, and a method of parsing PSI/SI. When PSI/SI is generated, a DMB station receives version information of the PSI/SI from each of PSI/SI generators, generates PSI/SI version information, and transmits the generated PSI/SI version information through a specific channel. Then, the DMB receiving terminal receives the PSI/SI version information, compares the received PSI/SI version information to stored PSI/SI version information, and parses received PSI/SI according to the comparison result. Accordingly, by controlling the DMB receiving terminal to parse PSI/SI only if the PSI/SI has been modified, an unnecessary working load due to the parsing can be reduced.


: In a disaster relief system transshipment plays an important role to improve the management of inventory. For a humanitarian supply chain with transshipment and without transshipment the system dynamics simulation was used to compare inventory control and costs. The simulation study on a system consisting of two warehouses where transshipment is allowed compared to the alternative where transshipment is not allowed, gives the framework. The literature studies indicate that transshipment may reduce costs and improve service levels. The same is also used in disaster relief system based on inventory levels maintained in the warehouses. In case transshipment may be more expensive, this assumes the cost of replenishing inventory as a result of emergency purchase cost.


How can water help us get computers with a memory large enough to reboot them in a second? A work published in Nature Communications in November 2021––by researchers from the Taiwan Academia Sinica, the National Taiwan University, the Taiwan National Cheng Kung University, the Taiwan National Chung Cheng University, and the Czech Republic Charles University––shows the way. The authors study what happens to the water due to ambient humidity between two graphene sheets that almost touch each other.


A method has been developed to predict the software reliability in processor applications based on concept parameters and assumptions such as processor/computer architecture; language; sizing and timing; design/development history (of the design team); and software and hardware failure history. These concepts are organized into a rigorous methodology leading to a reliability prediction for each system concept analyzed. The predictions can then be compared for tradeoff analyses. A cost benefit analysis methodology to permit the predictions technique to analyze for optimum hardware and software configurations and to enhance the return on investment is presented.<<ETX>>


COUNTRIES The article provides an overview of the most important areas of application and development of mobile learning technology in the field of education in foreign countries. The research topic is relevant and has high scientific and practical significance at the present stage of development of the education system, not only in the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also abroad. The authors noted the growing popularity of mobile communications and the mobile Internet both in modern society and in the field of education. The aim of the study is to examine the main trends in the application of mobile technologies in the learning process in different countries. In this article, on the basis of a comparative analysis, the positive aspects of the application of mobile learning technology, as well as possible problematic aspects of this process, are revealed. The value of the study lies in the development and implementation of a model for using mobile learning technology in the school system within the framework of the study of the discipline "Informatics". As a result of the analysis of the experience of using mobile technologies of foreign countries in the field of education, promising trends in the introduction of the technology "mobile learning" into the educational process of the school education system have been identified and formulated. Risk areas of mobile learning are indicated.


The controllability of alternative process designs were evaluated using the process condition number. A case study of eleven three-bank flotation circuits is presented here, with their ranking based on the process condition number confirmed using closed loop dynamic simulation.


This paper discusses the complete integration of the prototype digital electrostatic focused e-beam array direct-write lithography (DEAL) device with the dose control circuitry (DCC). The DCC regulates charge emission from the vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) and prevents resists from being over exposed during the e-beam lithography process. The emission of electrons from the VACNF tip requires relatively high voltage. The I-V characteristic of a typical VACNF based device is presented with threshold voltage of ~75 V. The DCC built using a standard 5 V digital CMOS process cannot handle such voltage levels


ABSTRACT Chitin, next to cellulose, is by far the most common biopolymer found in nature which is relatively resistant to degradation. Chitinolytic microorganisms can break glycosidic bonds in chitin to oligomers (chitooligosaccharides) and /or monomers (N-acetyl glucosamine) with various bioactivities. Utilization of the fish scales as a source of chitin followed by the production of commercially employable value-added products such as N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG) and other chitooligosaccharides (COS) by using chitinolytic microorganism can be one method to overcome the environmental pollution problem and thus can be considered as a waste to wealth approach. In this present work, chitin was extracted from Labeo catla fish scale wastes by chemical treatment and was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and solid-state 13C CP/MAS NMR. The yield of chitin was found to be as high as 12.6% having good structural and physiochemical properties The extracted chitin was converted to more useful COS by using a novel chitinolytic microorganism Streptomyces chilikensis RC1830.


(75) Inventor: Sid Chaudhuri, East Brunswick, NJ 5,636,203 A * 6/1997 Shah 370/244 (US) 5,818,816 A * 10/1998 Chikazawa et al. ......... 370/225 6,031,819 A 2/2000 Croslin ....................... 370/217 6,130,876 A * 10/2000 Chaudhuri .................. 370/228 (73) Assignee: AT&T Corp., New York, NY (US) 6,154,448 A 11/2000 Petersen et al. ............ 370/216 6,411,598 B1 6/2002 McGlade .................... 370/217 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 6,430,150 B1 8/2002 AZuma et al. .............. 370/218 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by O dayS. * cited by examiner


FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture. Liquid pesticide concentrated composition consists of: a) from 1 to 60 wt % of at least one organic pesticide compound C of solubility in water not more, than 1 g/l at 25°C/1013 mbar, b) from 20 to 80 wt % of at least one organic solvent S of solubility in water at least 10 g/l at 25°C/1013 mbar capable to dissolve pesticide compound C, or mixture of at least one organic solvent S with water under condition of weight ratio of water to solvent S not exceeding 1:2, c) from 10 to 80 wt % of at least one non-ion block copolymer P containing at least one polyethylene-oxide residue of PEO and at least one hydrophobic residue of polyether composed of repeated links chosen from C 3 -C 10 -alkyl-oxides and sterol oxide, d) not compulsory one or several non-polymer surface-active substances, wherein weight ratio of non-ion block copolymer to organic pesticide compound P:C is 0.6:1 and wherein components a), b), c) and not compulsory d) constitute at least 95% of composition. The composition is applied for protection of plants and nonliving materials from pests. EFFECT: invention facilitates stability of composition. 15 cl, 19 tbl


Parameter identification: Parameter identification of a non-linear viscoelastic model for engineering polymers using a genetic algorithm Parameter identification of a model helicopter blade using measurement data Characterisation of elementary sintering processes using Monte Carlo simulation and X-ray computed microtomography Surface effect on the mechanical property of metal nanowire. Optimisation of materials: Manufacture and morphological characterization of osteoconductive porous scaffolds Material characterisation and optimisation of fibre metal laminates. Thermomechanical behaviour: Flow stress and dislocation-interface interaction in thin metallic films: an atomistic analysis Material-independent solution for the distributions of stress and plastic strain on the neck section Experimental evaluation of wire mesh bearing dampers at cryogenic Conditions Identification of mechanical parameters in underground structures The effect of martensite transformation induced by plastic deformation on the stainless steels formability limits. Damage mechanisms: Characterisation of contact damage in porcelain/metal and porcelain/polymer bilayers Design aspects of a new material wear tester. Composites: Developing techniques for modeling spatially heterogeneous materials Indentation behavior of heterogeneous materials Effect of shapes and spacings of inclusions on transport properties of densely packed composites 3D microstructure visualization and modeling of the mechanical behavior of SiC particle reinforced aluminum composites A distributed-dislocation method for generalized eigenstrain problems. Foams: Modeling multiphase flow of liquefied removable epoxy foam Polyurethane foam response to high heat fluxes Liquefaction and flow behavior of a thermally decomposing removable epoxy foam. Polymers: Constitutive compliance/stiffness equations of viscoelasticity for resins Fabrication and characterization of intercalated/exfoliated polydiene polymers-clay nanocomposites Objective stress rate considerations for visco-elastic response of polymers. Concretes: Concrete in the service of mankind: characterization aimed at sustainable development The effects of type of cement and curing methods on the pore structure of concrete A 3D study of mortar degradation by X-ray computed Microtomography Estimation of alkali diffusivity from dynamic leaching test Overall material properties of glass-fiber reinforced concrete. Interface phenomena: Growth behavior of nitride layers formed on chromium electrodeposit in plasma-nitriding Laser cleaning and texturizing on high-speed steel tools for enhanced PVD process.


Constantly growing prices for liquid fuel and natural gas causes constant growth of expenses for manufacture of thermal and electric energy. Besides, direct incineration of traditional firm, liquid and gaseous kinds of fuels is connected with high level of harmful emissions in the atmosphere. The combination of these factors makes actual problem of search and working out of technologies of use less expensive and more ecologically safe alternative kinds of fuel. One of such kinds of energy carriers is water coal fuel (WCF) which preparation is carried out from coals of various marks, and also froma cleaning rejects and conversion of the coal, using rather limited demand in the market in connection with their advanced humidity and regrinding. Besides, low technological provision of the enterprises does not allow to use effectively low-grade kinds of coal fuel in laminary and chamber fireboxes of various power installation.


The invention provides a reinforcing steel bar fixing device. The reinforcing steel bar fixing device can act on a plane and a slope according to the combined change of a single layer or multiple layers of reinforcing steel bars, the reinforcing steel bars cannot deflect in the cement grouting process, dampness can be prevented, and rusting of the reinforcing steel bars can be eradicated. The reinforcing steel bar fixing device mainly comprises a base which is a hollow cylinder with a porous face; the two ends of the base are bearing ends; a pair of deep trench grooves and a pair of shallow trench grooves are formed in the end edge of the upper bearing end in the axial direction; the reinforcing steel bars on the first layer are embedded in the grooves; the circumferential wall face of the base is provided with four hole trenches and one or more pairs of insertion hole seats; an inner ring trench groove is formed in the inner circumferential face of the base; a dampproof protruding ring is arranged on the circumferential wall face of the lower bearing end of the base; the upper bearing end is sleeved with and clamped to a set of extending bases at different heights; and the reinforcing steel bars on the second layer are arranged according to the required height. In addition, an M-shaped steel frame is arranged on any two insertion hole seats in the base in a striding manner, so that the purpose of rapid arrangement of the reinforcing steel bars is achieved.


The pedagogical reasoning is a process for teachers adjusting and transforming the theoretical knowledge into the knowledge that the students can be inquired and accepted initiatively through the teachers' internal thinking;in other words,it is a process that the teaches internalize and externalize in thinking.The educational action model includes the links of understanding,transformation,instruction,evaluation,the introspection and new significance producing.In Shulman's education idea,the pedagogical reasoning and action model being presented as a concept and based on the analysis and the induction of teaching practice,plays a very important role in teachers' teaching practice.


We consider the challenging problem of audio to animated video generation. We propose a novel method OneShotAu2AV to generate an animated video of arbitrary length using an audio clip and a single unseen image of a person as an input. The proposed method consists of two stages. In the first stage, OneShotAu2AV generates the talking-head video in the human domain given an audio and a person's image. In the second stage, the talking-head video from the human domain is converted to the animated domain. The model architecture of the first stage consists of spatially adaptive normalization based multi-level generator and multiple multilevel discriminators along with multiple adversarial and non-adversarial losses. The second stage leverages attention based normalization driven GAN architecture along with temporal predictor based recycle loss and blink loss coupled with lipsync loss, for unsupervised generation of animated video. In our approach, the input audio clip is not restricted to any specific language, which gives the method multilingual applicability. OneShotAu2AV can generate animated videos that have: (a) lip movements that are in sync with the audio, (b) natural facial expressions such as blinks and eyebrow movements, (c) head movements. Experimental evaluation demonstrates superior performance of OneShotAu2AV as compared to U-GAT-IT and RecycleGan on multiple quantitative metrics including KID(Kernel Inception Distance), Word error rate, blinks/sec


Abstract One of the most critical decisions that every developer has to make is what location will be the best for his investment. This depends on different factors that change over the years. Therefore, the aim of the article is to identify and assess tendencies in the location of developers' investments based on the example of the activity of Łódź developers. In the past, the share of investments on outskirts was more significant, which in the case of Łódź resulted from several reasons – mainly the small number of local plans, the abuse of planning decisions, and low land prices on the outskirts. Therefore, the current tendency of locating a significant part of investments in the city centre seems to be a very positive phenomenon. It reduces the costs of these investments and creates a more compact urban built-up area.


The IDEAS project sought to improve the health and survival of mothers and babies by generating evidence to inform policy and practice and strengthening the public sector's capacity for data-based decision-making. It undertook formative research for the creation of a Data Informed Platform for Health (DIPH) that was piloted in two districts, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas, in West Bengal. This data collection contains transcripts of face-to-face in-depth interviews with representatives, on the operation of the District Health & Family Welfare Society in North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas, and field notes produced during observations of meetings of the Executive Committee of the District Health & Family Welfare Society.


...............................................................................................................................
  2 INTRODUCTION
  ......................................................................................................................
  4 MANURE
  EMISSIONS
  ..............................................................................................................
  6 Background
  and
  Current
  Estimates
  .........................................................................................................
  6 Approach
  to
  Data
  Compilation
  ................................................................................................................
  8 Emissions
  from
  Manure
  Storage
  Systems
  ..............................................................................................
  10 Emissions
  from
  Dairy
  Surfaces
  ...............................................................................................................
  16 Emissions
  from
  Whole
  Barns
  .................................................................................................................
  18 Emissions
  from
  Whole
  Dairies
  ...............................................................................................................
  19 Implications
  for
  California
  Dairies
  ..........................................................................................................
  20 Crusts
  .................................................................................................................................................
  20 Anaerobic
  Digestion
  ...........................................................................................................................
  21 Decreased
  Volume
  of
  Manure
  in
  Liquid
  Systems
  ..............................................................................
  21 Life-‐cycle
  Assessments
  of
  Dairy
  Manure
  Management
  .........................................................................
  22 LAND
  APPLICATION
  OF
  MANURE
  ..........................................................................................
  23 Carbon
  Storage
  in
  Agricultural
  Fields
  through
  Manure
  Addition
  ...........................................................
  24 Impacts
  of
  Manure
  Type
  ........................................................................................................................
  25 Limitations
  to
  Land
  Application
  of
  Manure
  ...........................................................................................
  26 Application
  of
  Manure
  to
  Rangeland
  .....................................................................................................
  27 Modeling
  Land
  Application
  of
  Manure
  ..................................................................................................
  27 Implications
  for
  California
  Agriculture
  ...................................................................................................
  28 KEY
  FINDINGS
  AND
  RESEARCH
  PRIORITIES
  ............................................................................
  29 APPENDIX
  A:
  DATA
  FOR
  DAIRY
  EMISSIONS
  STUDIES
  .............................................................
  31 APPENDIX
  B:
  TERMINOLOGY
  ................................................................................................
  51 REFERENCES
  .........................................................................................................................
  52


By performing high‐field magnetization measurements on Gd2Fe14−xMnxB and Tb2Fe14−xMnxB powdered samples that are oriented in the sample holder by the applied field it is possible to improve the accuracy of earlier reported values for the R‐T exchange‐coupling constant of these R2Fe14B compounds. In addition, the two‐sublattice model that has been applied previously has been extended to a three‐sublattice model with two magnetic rare‐earth sublattices for the Er and Tm compounds in an attempt to describe the experimentally observed low‐field susceptibility. It turns out however, that mainly the iron‐manganese sublattice is responsible for this susceptibility.


The goal of this project was to develop methods to optimize and control Homogeneous-Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, with emphasis on diesel-fueled engines. HCCI offers the potential of nearly eliminating IC engine NOx and particulate emissions at reduced cost over Compression Ignition Direct Injection engines (CIDI) by controlling pollutant emissions in-cylinder. The project was initiated in January, 2002, and the present report is the final report for work conducted on the project through December 31, 2004. Periodic progress has also been reported at bi-annual working group meetings held at USCAR, Detroit, MI, and at the Sandia National Laboratories. Copies of these presentation materials are available on CD-ROM, as distributed by the Sandia National Labs. In addition, progress has been documented in DOE Advanced Combustion Engine R&D Annual Progress Reports for FY 2002, 2003 and 2004. These reports are included as the Appendices in this Final report.


The Internet is considered to be an important factor in accelerating economic growth. There is a statistic regarding the inline of higher economic growth with higher Internet access. However, the impact of the Internet on agriculture as a real sector regarding its contribution on economic growth has not been explored in detail. The purpose of this study is to analyze the global effect of the Internet on agricultural sector performance. Static panel regression was used in this study by involving 126 countries using data from World Bank Open Data (2012–2019). Extended analysis was employed by applying the regression into two classifications, namely, countries by continent and the country composition of World Economic Outlook (WEO) groups. The result of this study shows that there exists a positive and significant global effect from Internet users, fixed broadband subscriptions, and secure Internet servers on agricultural sector performance. Additionally, the positive effect of Internet variables on agriculture was only found in Africa, Asia, and Oceania. In the country composition of WEO groups, there existed a positive and significant effect of Internet users and fixed broadband subscriptions on agricultural sector performance in economies classified as emerging and developing. This implies that the role of the Internet on agriculture is relatively higher in developing countries. Therefore, policymakers in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and emerging and developing economies (WEO Groups) must consider the role of Internet to improve agricultural sectors.


Acer tegmentosum which is belongs to Aceraceae has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lots of diseases including pain management. In this study, we evaluated the anti-nocicepitve effects of methanolic extract of A. tegmentosum (MAT) in mice using various pain models. MAT presented strong and dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activities on thermal nociception models such as tail-immersion test and hot plate test. Moreover, acetic acid-induced chemical nociception was signigicantly reduced by MAT treatment. We could confirm MAT`s central and peripheral analgesic properties by formalin test. We also found that the pre-treatment of opioid receptor antagonist did not alter the MAT`s anti-nociception, suggesting opioid receptor is not involved in analgesic activity of MAT. Based on our results, we could conclude that MAT may be possibly used as an anti-nociceptive agent for the treatment of various nociceptive pains.


With the further application of evidence-based medicine and the change of disease spectrum, gastrointestinal surgery is facing the novel challenge and opportunity. Systemic quality control of surgery will have positive effects on the subject development. Absence of high level of evidence, the popularization of mini-invasive surgery should be carried out cautiously. Standardization of definition of complications and unified management will be helpful to the clinical researches, prevention and treatment of complications. Conception and implementation of multidisciplinary team and enhanced recovery after surgery will provide every patient individualized and standard treatment.

Key words:
Evidence-based medicine; Gastrointestinal surgery; Quality control; Enhanced recovery after surgery; Multidisciplinary team


The present paper addresses mechanical design aspects for titanium riser configurations. Three main types of riser systems are considered: • Vertical top-tensioned risers suspended from a TLP; • Catenary risers suspended from a TLP; • Pliant-wave risers suspended from a Semi-submersible. For each configuration, characteristic response properties related to bending moment and axial force diagrams are presented. Critical sections for each riser system are identified. For the vertical top-tensioned riser, design of a bending stiffener located at the seabed is briefly addressed. Capacity formulations and the relative importance of the following mechanical limit states are addressed: • Yielding; • Local buckling; • Fatigue. Differences between parameters influencing the various limit states for titanium respectively steel are highlighted. The local buckling limit state is subsequently focused upon in some more detail in relation to loads due to combined external overpressure and bending.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Loess gully area mining, valley center and the relative position of the face have a significant impact on the sliding ground cracks. UDEC software is used to simulate the crack using a sliding-type ground fissures in the valley center is located face arising from different locations, crack angle. The results show that: sliding away from the cracks caused by mining showed a linear relationship with their; valley center when moving to face with the center left of the slope increasingly significant fractures, cracks away from negative to positive and showed increasing trend; and their relationship is worth seeking pole position valley center position of the critical value of fractures and cracks make some control measures in place.


A system of managing power provides for receiving notification of a pending power-state transition and using coordination hardware 18 to determine whether the power-state transition in a primary device 12 is permitted by a set of secondary devices 16. The primary device 12 shares a resource 14 with the secondary devices 16. The shared resource 14 may be a cache (26, 34, 42, Fig. 2A), a memory structure, a controller or an interface. The primary and secondary devices may be CPUs (24, 32, 40, Fig. 2A). The primary and secondary devices may be connected by a point-to-point network (23, Fig. 2B).


Introduction: The Berlin EXCOR remains the only FDA-approved pediatric VAD. Unfortunately antithrombotic therapy (ATT) on this device is challenging: stroke occurs in 28% of patients and 50% have m...


The study conducted included four school districts that were addressing New York State Chapter 405 citations related to disproportionality. The purpose of this study was to identify the districts' common characteristics related to disproportionality, as well as common approaches and processes used to address the issue. An action research, multi-case study method was used, with the researchers assuming the dual role of consultants and researchers. Data were collected from questionnaires and facilitated focus group discussions. This paper will address both the methods and findings of the study. Implications of the results and recommendations for practice in interdistrict support will be discussed.


The credit risk that information asymmetry caused is the key factor of the development of E-com- merce.The effective means that solves the problem mentioned above is to design the systems of the service of credit information,which can figure out the information asymmetry.On the basis of analysis of model of moti- vation,model of organization and model of implement,the author develops the main model of the service of credit information of E-commerce.


The HETG Orion Legacy Project aims to study plasma properties of a large number of highly resolved X-ray spectra from young stars over a large range of masses and evolutionary stages. The spectra are collected throughout the lifetime of Chandra and thus not only provide highly significant X-ray line strengths for detailed plasma diagnostics but also longterm X-ray monitoring. The heart of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) with a dynamic age of ∼ 3× 10 yr is one of the youngest and closest star forming regions to our Sun and contains an ensemble of the youngest massive and intermediate mass stars we know in the Galaxy. Three out of at least four of the most massive ZAMS stars, θ Ori A, C and θ Ori A show coronal properties indicative of magnetic activity that is very likely not due to known or unseen low-mass PMS companions. θ Ori E, now identified as an intermediate mass PMS binary, is the second most luminous X-ray source in the ONC, and shows very high persistent X-ray temperatures and high plasma densities which are quite unusual properties in comparison with the coronal activities observed in low-mass PMS stars in the neighborhood.


The closed bomb test system was used to investigate the burning rate of B/KNO3.Results show that the linear burning rate increases as the pellet density decreases,and the product formation rate of B/KNO3,which affects pressure-time curves,is significantly affected by the pellet size.Additionally,the linear burning rate B/KNO3 is not consistent with single exponent equation,and can be expressed with step-wise function.Below 7 MPa,the linear burning rate is proportional to pressure.But as pressure higher than 7 MPa and lower than 50 MPa,the linear burning rate does not change with pressure.


Background : To determine the most effective method for detecting mycobacteria in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, we compared the results of Ziehl-Neelsen stain (ZNS) and mycobacterial culture with those of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR). Methods : We analyzed 54 cases diagnosed as chronic granulomatous inflammation. In all cases, ZNS and nested PCR using three different primers, IS6110, Mpb64 and IS6110/Rpo b were done. RQ-PCR with the IS6110/Rpob primer was done in 51 cases. Results : Mycobacteria were identified by ZNS in 15/54 (27.8%) cases. RQ-PCR had the highest sensitivity (80.0%) compared to PCR with IS6110 (73.3%), Mpb64 (60.0%) and IS6110/Rpo b (73.3%). Specificity was higher in all PCR experiments (79.582.1%) than in RQ-PCR (69.4%) experiments. The false negative rate was lowest for RQPCR (20.0%) than for PCR with IS6110 (26.7%), Mpb64 (40.0%) and IS6110/Rpob (26.7%). The false positive rate was highest for RQ-PCR (30.6%) compared to PCR with IS6110 (20.5%), Mpb64 (17.9%) and IS6110/Rpob (20.5%). Conclusions : RQ-PCR had the highest sensitivity, and the lowest false negative rate, but it also had a higher false positive rate than PCR for detection of mycobacteria in FFPE tissues.


ABSTRACT Li2MgTiO4 ceramics were prepared with Li2CO3, TiO2 and MgO by high energy ball mill method. After mixtures ball-milling 30 h and calcining at 700°C, the homogenate Li2MgTiO4 powders with average particle size of 160 nm were obtained. The pure phase obtained temperature was about 300°C lower than that by a conventional solid-state reaction process. Due to Li+ evaporation, the Li2MgTiO4 ceramics sintered at high temperature existed with some Mg2TiO4. The Li2MgTiO4 ceramics at 1250°C had an excellent microwave dielectric properties ϵr = 12.17, Q × f = 42000 GHz and an τf = −23 ppm/°C


Clinical supervision is without doubt the most frequent kind of teaching psychiatrists do. They supervise medical students, residents, candidates in psychoanalytic training, and other mental health professionals. Yet, despite this widespread pedagogical method that is art as much as science, there continues to be a dearth of literature on the topic. Dr. Gold has edited a book on supervision that addresses this need. Part I offers an introduction to the range of supervisory experiences. Part II provides a compendium of the challenges both supervisor and supervisee encounter in supervisory process. Finally, Part III consists of 3 essays written by psychiatrists who describe their experiences with supervision. Dr. Gold currently practices in Brisbane, Australia, and she has given the book an international flavor by inviting contributors from Australia and Canada as well as the United States. In Part I, Dr. Gold gives a thoughtful overview of the reasons that the supervisory process is essential to learning and refining our work in all facets of our field. In a second chapter, she summarizes the models and approaches in which the supervisory process can be used. Part II covers of the most challenging issues that apprentice and mentor have to face. The 4 chapters in this part address topics infrequently discussed. For example, Dr. Norman Clemens raises the question of how supervisors can really understand the patient if they must depend on just the trainee's process notes, which represent the inexperienced trainee's perception of the material. Dr. Clemens also discusses the current problem of teaching psychotherapy in an environment in which many modalities are taught and in which time to treat patients may be limited. Dr. Frank Varghese's chapter has the intriguing title, "Discussing the Undiscussable: The Limits of Supervision." He explores "issues the supervisors and therapists very often are unwilling to talk about" but that can have powerful impact on transference and countertransference. With well-chosen case material, he addresses the role of "bodily peculiarities" in the therapist, such as obesity or an obvious deformity such as hemiparesis. He also sheds light on the problems sexual orientation, race, and ethnicity can raise in both the supervisor and the therapist. Dr. Gail Robinson's chapter on boundary issues reviews boundary violations not only between patient and therapist, but between supervisor and therapist as well. When does supervision cross the fine line between countertransference and therapy? Part III consists of essays by 3 Australian psychiatrists describing their personal experience with supervision in their different roles: administrative, hospital based, and private practice. Although the narratives are informative, I felt that they reflected the Australian supervisory process, which seems to differ in many ways from the approach in the United States. As to be expected in a multi-authored book, some chapters read better than others. Most of the chapters have references (called "notes"). I felt chapters with a limited number of references in some instances reflected the paucity of the literature in this area. Although the book's title refers to "Psychotherapy Supervision," it offers information that would be useful in the supervision of many modalities, including psychopharmacology and cognitive-behavioral therapy. To query the opinion about the book from the consumer of supervision, the resident, I asked a class of Postgraduate Year 3 residents to review the chapters in Part II, which focused on such items as "undiscussable topics" and "boundary violations." All 11 residents felt the chapters enriched their understanding of the supervisory process. They hoped that their supervisors would have the chance to review these topics also. I agree.


The Rough Set (RS) method is part of machine learning that analyzes the uncertainty of the dataset used to determine the attributes of important objects (classification). The purpose of this study was to extract information from the rough set using the Rosetta application in predicting cases of students' level of understanding of the course. The attributes used are communication (F1), learning atmosphere (F2), learning media (F3), appearance (F4), and teaching methods (F5). Sources of data obtained from the output of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1255 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1255/1/012005. The results of the application of the Rough Set method in determining the prediction of the level of student understanding of the course, produce new knowledge, namely learning outcomes based on the subject. There are 15 Reductions with 90 Generate Rules. But overall, the attributes that affect the level of student understanding of the subject are communication (F1) and learning media (F3)


Introduction
We are currently witnessing an increase in the number of disabled patients, creating the need for knowledge of each of the pathologies and of the different oral and dental conditions they present, in order to achieve efficient management and treatment.


In view of the existing user similarity calculation principle of recommendation algorithm is single, and recommender system accuracy is not well, we propose a novel social multi-attribute collaborative filtering algorithm (SoMu). We first define the user attraction similarity by users' historical rated behaviors using graph theory, and secondly, define the user interaction similarity by users' social friendship which is based on the social relationship of being followed and following. Then, we combine the user attraction similarity and the user interaction similarity to obtain a multi-attribute comprehensive user similarity model. Finally, realize personalized recommendation according to the comprehensive similarity model. Experimental results on Douban and MovieLens show that the proposed algorithm successfully incorporates multiple attributes in social networks to recommendation algorithm, and improves the accuracy of recommender system with the improved comprehensive similarity computing model.


INTRODUCTION
The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) was developed in order to predict operative risk in cardiac surgery and to assess the quality of the cardio-surgical care. Introduction of the uniform terminology in result evaluation process leads to the significant improvement in measuring and evaluation of surgical treatment quality.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate our results in isolated coronary surgery using the EuroSCORE.

METHODS
The study was done respectively by analysing predicted mortality according to the EuroSCORE model and observed operative risk in 4,675 coronary patients operated at our Clinic during the period 2001-2008. For statistical analyses, the Pearson, Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used.

RESULTS
The total postoperative mortality predicted by the EuroSCORE was 2.9 +/- 2.25, while the observed one was 2.2%. When the scoring system and observed results were compared over the years, a considerably lower observed mortality was found during the last 4 years. Overall average number of distal anastomoses was 2.62 +/- 0.84. During the period 2004-2008, the average number of coronary anastomoses increased over the years reaching the value of 2.77 +/- 0.88. The difference is at the level of statistical significance with the trend of further increase. Percentage of the patients with single or double graft myocardial revascularization decreases, while the number of the patients with triple or more bypasses increases.

CONCLUSION
During the last years, the results in isolated coronary surgery have considerably improved. The EuroSCORE overestimates operative risk. In order to improve its predictive value, the model should be recalibrated.


The invented beverage uses dried bread, hops, cane sugar bacterial spawn and water as raw material and the finished product can be made up by crushing of dried bread-leaching and liquefying-saccharifying-digestion-cooling-fermentation-cooling-filtering-adding sugar-filling CO2-bottling and sealing-pasteurizing-cooling. Said beverage possesses the function of whetting the appetite, invigorating the function of the spleen, helping digestion etc. and features stable quality, antiseptic-free, additive-free and with 3-6 month expiry period.


Degenerate critical points on a 2-compnent reaction diffusion system with a global inhibition (GI) are studied. They can be an organizing center for a variety of spatially non-uniform oscillations. The Hopf-bifurcation point for the 0-mode oscillation (spatially uniform oscillation) is controlled by the
strength of GI so that the eairlier destabilization of the higher mode oscillations can happen.


AnDong area in KyongSang-Bukdo, Korea have made typical unique regional cultural area traditionally. Traditional □ shaped house is representative house for middle-higher class in JoSeon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝). This study analyzes periodic difference in □ shaped house plan in AnDong cultural area and traces the changing process of □ shaped house plan according to periodic social-cultural change. House get divided AnChae(space for woman), SaRangChae(space for man) and BonChae(main building including AnChae and SaRangChae). Types of BonChae are separated according to arrangement of Anchae and SaRanChae. AnChae and SaRangChae are separated according to space composition of room arrangement. Changing aspect in each type is analyzed in the each century. Furthermore, it is analyzed how house accepted social change as basic factor. Characteristic of □ Shaped ho-use in AnDong cultural area are summarized as follows. The 17th century: HangRye(行禮) was conducted in AnChae mainly and the size of AnChae is bigger. Simultaneously, space for HangRye(行禮) began to be moved from AnChae to SaRangChae. The bigger size of SaRangChae were appeared. The 18th century:YeHak(禮學) was spreaded in regions. The size of AnChae became smaller. The size of SaRangChae became bigger and space was divided. The 19th century: Infuluence of YeHak(禮學) reached its peak in regions. Many classes began to built □ shaped house. And they followed and imitated higher class.


IPP Garching is currently developing a RF source for the ITER neutral beam system. It has already been demonstrated at the test facility BATMAN that the IPP RF source can achieve and partially exceed the ITER requirements with respect to current density, pressure and electron content, but with only small extraction area (~70 cm) and limited pulse length (< 6 s) [1]. On the "MANITU" testbed (multi ampere negative ion test unit) the experiments are focussed on large area beam extraction and operation in D with pulses of up to 3600 s.


Foreword Preface Change of Guard From Hannibal to Bourguiba The Supreme Warrior Fired by Islam On With the New A Nation in Step Friendship in All Directions Up to the Level Honing a Nation Preserving and Enriching Into the New Millennium Significant Dates Ben Ali's Takeover Address Preamble to the National Pact Questions and Answers Bibliography Index


Abstract : Powder metallurgy allows fabrication of complex net-shape components. Accurate design specification of these components requires precise prediction of their response to sintering process parameters. Nonuniform sintering responses, such as strain gradients, can result in process failures such as distortion and cracking. To avoid these types of process failures without costly trial and error design, the most important response to understand is the compact's strength as it evolves during the sintering process. A unique device and method have been developed to measure the in situ strength as a function of sintering process parameters. The specific strength parameter investigated and modeled in this work was transverse rupture. This strength was precisely determined for 90Cu-10wt.%Cu prealloyed powder bronze compacts in response to sintering time, temperature and heating rate. At a sintering temperature of approximately 350 deg C the green strength of 10 MPa decreased 50% due to the annealing of the cold worked strength afforded during compaction At higher temperatures, a dramatic increase in strength (dependent also on time and heating rate) due to sintering was observed. As the compact was processed beyond approximately 600 deg C, thermal softening dominated sintering strengthening to cause an overall degradation in strength with respect to temperature. This first ever data made possible a model to predict the in situ evolution of strength during sintering. The consequence of this work is to identify the thermal cycles that maximize strength, thereby minimizing distortion and otherwise improving dimensional tolerances.


To provide an optical receptacle insulated electrically between the tip section and end section of the optical receptacle so that reduces the possibility of EMI and ESD, the optical receptacle includes a cylindrical sleeve for connecting a plug ferrule; a cylindrical stub ferrule made from an electric insulator, through which an optical fiber is to be inserted, the stub ferrule comprising a front end section inserted into a rear end of the sleeve, and a rear end section formed of a thin section having an outer diameter smaller than that of the front end section; a first holder made of a metal fastened on the stub ferrule at a position located toward the front end section from the thin section; and a second holder made of a metal fastened on the thin section.


The article deals with the personal characteristics that make up the structure of organizational capabilities. The results of the research obtained through factor analysis, which detects differences in factor structure of personality characteristics of managers of commercial and budgetary organizations, are presented.


By the examples of words,sentences and contexts,this paper mainly discusses how to handle the equivalence in terms of information and style during the work,and how to be responsible for both original writers and their readers.


Using Poisson-based negative binomial regression, we estimate the effect of neighborhood factors on homicides in two cities (San Antonio, Texas and San Diego, California) that have large Mexican-origin populations. Copyright (c) 2008 by the Southwestern Social Science Association.


3601 Background: The combination of CPT11 at 180 mg/m2 combined with LV5FU2 regimen is one of the standard therapies in first line MCRC. We previously showed (Ychou et al., Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2002.) a safe dose effect activity of CPT11 in monotherapy increasing the dose from 350 to 500 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. This phase II study aims to evaluate the increasing dose of CPT11 combined with the simplified LV5FU regimen.

METHODS
First line MCRC patients received every two weeks simplified LV5FU regimen combined with CPT11 at 180 mg/m2 at C1, increased to 220 mg/m2 at C2 and to 260 mg/m2 at C3 and subsequent cycles in the absence of NCI-CTC gr3-4 toxicities other than alopecia or neutropenia.

RESULTS
55 patients (pts) were included in 4 centers between 02/2001 and 06/2003. Data were available for 45 pts and 10 pts are ongoing. Patient characteristics : M/F : 25/20, median age: 60 y (42-74), PS (0/1/2) : 29/15/1, median number of metastatic sites : 2 (1-4). Safety data were available for 432 cycles (cy) : Neutropenia gr3-4 58 % pts (11 % cy) and G-CSF support in 86 % pts (26% cy), febrile neutropenia 4.2 % pts (0.4 % cy); diarrhea gr3-4 22 % pts (3 % cy). Median Relative Dose Intensity was for CPT-11 : 0.93 [0.72-1.00] and 5-FU: 0.92 [0.78-1.00]. 82 % of patients received 260 mg/m2 of CPT-11 at least for one cycle. 42 patients were evaluable for response reviewed by independent panel (one toxic death, one severe toxicity and one early withdrawal). We observed one CR and 20 PR, ORR: 50%, 95%CI[34-66] and disease control 81%, 95%CI[66-91].

CONCLUSIONS
We confirm the feasibility to increase the dose of CPT11 from 180 to 260 mg/m2 in the FOLFIRI regimen in more than 80% of pts, with a high disease control rate in non selected MCRC. This high dose CPT11 schedule needs to be compared to standard regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The latest breakthrough in the cellular phone technology had opened the door to new learning possibility in Japan. Today, about 73 million mobile phones are subscribed and about 3/4 of those mobile phones are capable of browsing mobile Internet in Japan. The paper briefly explains a mobile-based learning (MBL) practice, which takes place in Japan. Also, the paper attempts to see how it differs from Web-based training (WBT) from a system designer's point of view.


The nutrient content and protein quality of Giant snalil (Acchatina ) meats (white, yellow, and gray) were determined for fresh and processed products. Fresh snail meats contained 81~82% moisture, 11~14% protein, 0.9~1.3% fat, and 1.2-1.4% ash. Proximate composition of fresh meat varied (p


CO2 emission of the steel industry takes up a great proportion of the total emission of the world.It is necessary to reduce the CO2 intensity of steel products in order to save energy,protect the environment and keep a sustainable development in the steel industry.Based on the research of steel products' life cycle inventory,those who conducted this research have focused on the analysis of CO2 emission factors and measures.Adopting the life cycle inventory model of a certain steelmaking site,together with the Tornado Chart,the researchers have identified significant factors,provided some explanation,and suggested some possible measures to reduce CO2 emission.The results have shown that the most important factors are the CO2 intensity of blast furnace gas (BFG), hot metal ratio of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and the material utilization efficiency.Accordingly,some measures such as removing CO2 in BFG,decreasing the hot metal proportion in BOF,and improve material utilization efficiency in each process,may be taken to decrease CO2 emission.


The invention discloses a vehicle flooding monitoring system and method. The monitoring system comprises a BCM, wherein the BCM controls a center control door lock, all window glass motors and all safety belt buckles, the BCM is externally connected with a plurality of liquid level sensors arranged on the periphery of a vehicle body in an annular mode, and the liquid level sensors include outer-circle liquid level sensors and inner-circle liquid level sensors. According to the vehicle flooding monitoring system and method, the corresponding liquid level sensors are arranged on the periphery of the vehicle body, blooding signals are transmitted to the BCM, all vehicle doors, all window glass and all safety belts can be opened in time when a vehicle is flooded or submerged, so that time and channels are provided for drivers and passengers to escape; meanwhile, distress signals and vehicle positioning signals are sent out to facilitate searching and rescuing of rescue workers.


The products of aqueous chlorination reactions of 1-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, dibenzofuran, anthracene, phenanthrene, 1-methylphenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene have been determined. The conditions employed for these reactions approximated those that might be encountered in water treatment facilities. Reactions at pH greater than 6 tended to produce oxygenated products (epoxides, phenols, quinones, etc.), and reactions at pH less than 6 tended to produce both oxygenated (quinones) and chlorinated products.


It is widely recognized that interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines are suitable for vehicular applications, especially served as traction drives for hybrid and battery electric vehicles. In this paper, IPM machines with rare earth permanent magnets (REPM) and machines with ceramic ferrite permanent magnets (CFPM) specially designed with stronger flux-concentration rotor structure are analyzed, constructed and evaluated. The performance studies of those prototypes are presented by using the finite element analysis method. The torque capability, efficiency, overload situations, field-weakening characteristics and operating ranges are investigated. The experimental results match the theoretical analysis. The comparison shows that the IPM machines with ceramic ferrite permanent magnets can be considered as a lower cost alternative for vehicular applications with comparable performance.


The article briefly discusses problems posed by pending noise and pollution legislation. It also reviews innovations in engine design, made by Volvo, in order to comply with such legislation as well as increase fuel economy and engine power. Details are given of various solutions under investigation at Volvo. Electronic control of its bosch fuel injection equipment gives more precise control of engine speed and load, thus producing a cleaner burn engine. Use of unit injection also decreases pollution. Various ways of turbocharging engines provide means to increase fuel economy and engine power. Sequential turbocharging and variable geometry turbocharging allow better control over air power. Turbocompound engines, in which exhaust gas is recovered by a turbine which drive back at the crankshaft, could increase fuel savings by about 5%. New methods of engine insulation under investigation include steel crown insulated pistons, using an air gap to stop heat flow down into the piston skirt. Such pistons are capable of running at 50-100% degrees c higher than standard pistons, and could also produce noise reduction of 1 db. The possible use of ceramic linings is also being investigated. (TRRL)


Summary Studies of the pollen antigens have resulted in the following conclusions:
 1.Timothy and ragweed pollens have definite antigenic properties and may induce in the uinea-pig a condition of hyper-sensitiveness; intravenous injection of the specific antigen in such animals can result in death by acute or delayed anaphylactic shock. 2.With the Dale and intravenous testing methods as criteria, comparison of the states of sensitivity induced by injections of the pollen extracts and by "border zone" doses of an immune egg-white serum indicates that:
 a.The pollen antigen sensitizes a much smaller number of animals. b.The pollen antigen induces a state of maximal or acute sensitivity in a smaller percentage of animals. 3.The contraction of the pollen-sensitive uterus tends to be slower in starting, and it is more irregular than is the contraction of the egg-white sensitive uterus. 4.Pollen sensitivity is specific, except against related pollens of the same family. 5.Passive transfer of sensitivity was accomplished in only one animal with only partial success, the sensitivity induced being detected by the Dale method, but not by the intravenous test. 6.The pollen antigen-antibody reaction is much more time consuming than that of egg-white, both in vivo and in vitro . 7.The presence of precipitins has not been demonstrated in the sera of any of the pollen sensitive animals. 8.The rules of Coca and Kosakai for precipitin neutralization are not applicable to the pollen antigen-antibody reaction. 9.Digestion with trypsin and dialysis does not remove the active antigenic principle of ragweed pollen. 10.The non-digestible, non-dialyzable factor is common to both high and low ragweed pollens, and is almost as strongly antigenic as the whole pollen. (This factor seems, thus, to be the same principle which Coca and Grove found to be the atopen in ragweed hay fever.) 11.Beside the non-digestible and non-dialyzable factor, there are one or more less important antigens in ragweed, probably protein in nature.


where – indicates that the observation is missing. The threshold is normalized to zero without loss of generality, as in Chapter 3. What follows is for the case of left-truncation; results for right truncation are analogous. Alternatively, we have (left) censored data in the similar situation in which, when y∗ is below the threshold, we observe the individuals (and, eventually, the regressors), but not y∗:


With the application and popularization of big data technology, it is more advantageous than traditional urban planning to use big data multimedia technology to reasonably plan the historical blocks of the city. The protection and renewal of historical and cultural blocks have become the core elements to improve the quality of urban development and promote the development of "people-oriented" new urbanization. We analyze and study the planning methods of urban historical blocks under the big data technology. This paper analyzes the different values of historical blocks. By comparing the division effect and business operation mode of historical blocks under different technological environments, it is concluded that the efficiency of traditional data survey and statistical mode is faster than that of big data multimedia technology, and it is more accurate and efficient in analyzing and studying the commercial market and tourism development planning of historical blocks. Through big data multimedia technology data query, we have mastered the cultural connotation of the historical district, protected the historical environment, excavated the historical culture, activated the vitality of the district, and optimized the district environment. It provides convenient scientific and technological means for the protection and development planning of cultural heritage such as historical blocks in China.


Our aim was to investigate the impact of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis on corneal and lenticular optical densitometry, pachymetry and anterior chamber depth in children.


Because of the high energy consumption rates as well as creating a clean environment, we need a fuel which can be substituted for fossil fuels. Natural Gas (CNG) and Hydrogen (H) are the best among the 2 alternative fuels and possess specific characteristics such as sustainability, renewability and clean burning capacity. This review study is presented of contemporary research and given a comprehensive overview on the HCNG fueled diesel engine. Major subjects that have discussed here include introduction and fundamentals of dual fuel diesel engine with using natural gas and hydrogen and details on the different mixture formation strategies of HCNG fueled and their effects on engine performance and emissions characteristics.


A method of controlling communication channels, comprising: receiving a real-time digital signal; processing the real-time digital signal to provide a control signal; and in response to the control signals to control the base station. Wherein the process comprises the subsequent time slot, determining whether there is a predetermined signal is a digital signal in real-time content; content in the presence of a predetermined signal, respectively, to increase or decrease a first value; and when in the absence of the predetermined signal content, reduced little or increase the value of the first, and when the first reaches the first target, changing the control signal. The method also relates to a base station for controlling the headset, wherein the headset and the base station communicate via a wireless connection, and wherein the base station and the PC interface to communicate via a wired interface such as USB.


Abstract An efficient modified Hantzsch reaction is described for the synthesis of optically pure thiazole amino acid derivatives from the corresponding amino acids. The method is exemplified by the synthesis of a derivative of L-(Gln)Thz, the novel chiral thiazole amino acid moiety of dolastatin 3. The Cotton effects of thiazole amino acids correlate well with the absolute stereochemistry of these compounds.


The objective has been to develop a new type of model for links on the state maintained road network. The model must be easy to use, have good predictive ability and have an explanatory capacity. I ...


In this paper we derive necessary and sufficient Person by Person and Global (team) decentralized optimality conditions, for stochastic differential decision problems with multiple Decision Makers (DMs) or Agents aimed at optimizing a common pay-off. These consist of forward and backward stochastic differential equations, and a set of conditional variational Hamiltonians with respect to the information structures of the DMs.


UPDATE - July 6: According to Willamette Week, Paul Anthony met with Carole Smith on January 26, 2016, and documented the core findings that drove


The dynamics of atactic polystyrene (PS) has been studied by a quasielastic neutron scattering technique in a temperature range of 21–475 K covering the glass transition temperature Tg (=373 K). The so‐called fast process in picosecond order is observed similarly to other glass‐forming materials in supercooled states so far reported. However, the onset temperature of the fast process is ∼170 K below Tg in PS, which is far below Tg in contrast to the previous observations. This result implies that the fast process is not necessarily the β process predicted by the recently noted mode coupling theory. By comparing the result of hydrogenated PS with that of partially deuterated polystyrene (PS‐d5) where only phenyl rings were preferentially deuterated, the origin of the fast process occurring far below Tg has been assigned to librational motion of phenyl rings, which is coupled with main chain motion near Tg. Analysis of the spectra by curve fit has suggested that the nature of the fast process changes at a t...


Injury to the nerves causes alteration in normal neurobiological sequences lead to disease of somatosensory nervous system called as neuropathic pain (NP). It affects both central as well as peripheral nervous system. It is a chronic painful condition occurs due to various diseases like HIV, diabetes, lesions, infection, trauma, and metabolic insults. NP affects 7-10% of global population, hence subsequently is a major concern. Pharmacotherapy for NP remains a major clinical challenge due to its complex pathophysiology. Current treatments like Analgesics, anticonvulsants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tri-cyclic antidepressants, sodium channel blocker and opioid agonist administrated individually to patients of NP are providing only meager and partial relief. Furthermore, these drugs have limited efficacy as well as adverse effects. Hence instead of monotherapy, pathophysiology of NP suggests that administering multiple drugs (polypharmacy) show quick and sufficient effect in the treatment of NP. Recent updates indicate that combination of Morphine and gabapentin, Pregabalin and duloxetine, Gabapentin and nortriptyline, Amitriptyline and ketamine (topical), Doxepin and capsaicin (topical), Glyceryl trinitrate (topical) and valproate are also a good choice for the treatment of NP. Several clinical trials also established that combination pharmacotherapy showed greater efficacy than monotherapy in treating NP. Physicians, scientists working in the area of NP are not only looking for its treatment but also in resolving the issues of co-morbidities associated with it. Hence the present review focuses on rationalized approach of combination therapy for the treatment of various aspects of NP.


Object of the present invention is to provide a plastically deformed freely by hand and having shape retention artificial hair fibers. Namely, the present invention relates to a holder recovery after the bending angle of 90 degrees 10 minutes is 30 degrees or less made of thermoplastic resin filament (A) consisting of artificial hair fibers. The present invention further relates to a 10mm diameter cylindrical curlers wound 10 times, for 10 minutes after removing the cylindrical curler and allowed to stand for 5 minutes shape retention of 30% or more artificial hair fibers . Further, the present invention relates to artificial hair fibers for the hair repigmentation of these sets, wigs, doll hair, hair accessories, eyelashes, beard.


Herpes zoster results from reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus infection. Risk of zoster increases with age and with depressed cell mediated immunity, but relatively little is known about other factors.1–3 Case reports and case series have indicated that mechanical trauma may be a risk factor.4 But these studies had no control group, and physical mishaps and surgical trauma are common in older people. We investigated whether trauma is associated with increased risk of zoster using a case-control design.

This investigation was part of a study based in general practice in London of the determinants of zoster in adults without underlying immunosuppression. Elsewhere, we describe recruitment and definitions of cases (patients with incident zoster) and controls (patients with no previous zoster, individually matched to cases by age, sex, and general practice) elsewhere.5 Participants gave informed consent.

We hypothesised that trauma increases the risk of zoster at the trauma site within one month of the trauma, as indicated by a previous case series.4 We …


The article deals with the results of technological process of bringing an oil well to stable production; the well is equipped with an electric submersible centrifugal pump unit, its drive function is changed by a frequency-controlled drive. The paper presents data obtained while bringing an oil well to stable production: the liquid flow rate, oil flow rate, operating current, submersible electric motor loading, current frequency, water content of the products. The authors describe the process and specific aspects of bringing an oil well to stable production, conditions necessary for the process, variation of operation parameters. Recommendations were developed to ensure optimal operation of oil wells equipped with electric submersible centrifugal pump units considering technological and economic costs.


Increment core samples were collected at breast height (1.4 m) from 20-year-old trees of 30 of the top-ranked wind-pollinated progenies from the '268' series of Pinus radiata D.Don plus trees, and their wood properties were examined. The objectives were to establish the extent of any possible shift in average wood properties caused by intensive selection for growth rate and stem straightness, and to estimate genetic parameters (variances, narrow-sense heritabilities, and genetic correlations). Samples were also collected from control trees, representing a "felling select" seedlot, within the same progeny trial. Properties examined included growth rate, wood density, and resin content (all by five-ring core segments), heartwood percentage and compression wood rating (whole cores), and tracheid length (outerwood only). Although wood density was variable (coefficient of variation about 0.07), the average for the progenies overall was almost identical to that of the control trees. On the other hand, there were slight indications that, along with the improved growth rate of the progenies, compression wood and heartwood resin content levels increased whereas tracheid length decreased. Heritability estimates for all the actual wood properties were high, ranging from 0.4 upwards, and coefficients of variation for resin content variables and heartwood content were very high (0.4 or higher), suggesting good prospects for genetic manipulation.


In this paper we design a fingerprint lock system based on the ATMEGA32 single chip microcomputer and the fingerprint sensor MRB200,and we introduce the design of the whole system, including the principles and methods ,hardware and software.


Volume 18 (2018) of PAMM "Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics" assembles the contributions to the 89th Annual Meeting of the Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (GAMM), held 19 – 23 March 2018 at Technical University of Munich, Germany.


The utility model relates to a non-contact train speed photoelectric sensor, which comprises a train speed data output device and a speed data sensor detecting device. A non-contact transmission mode is used between the train speed data output device and the speed data sensor detecting device, where a non-contact transmission device is arranged. The senor data is acquired by the non-contact transmission device from the train speed data output device. The non-contact transmission device could be a magnetic transmission device, which is divided into two methods, a method is the magnetic coupling methods, and the other method is the magnetic driving method. The magnetic transmission device makes the train detecting data be transmitted to the speed data sensor detecting device in a non-contact manner. The speed data sensor detecting device could be a conventional grating pulse device and the grating part is a fully enclosed structure.


Traditional subspace clustering method based on self-representation has been widely applied in learning similarity matrix. Existing self-representation based methods treat all features equally in the process of learning similarity matrix, which makes redundant features in learning stage may have a certain negative impact on the final representation and even the representation of other non-redundant features. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes Adaptive Weight Low-Rank Representation (AWSLRR) algorithm. AWSLRR uses firstly nested structure to learn more clean and reasonable similarity matrix, then applied weight constraints to the reconstruction corruption which is generated during the reconstruction process. The adaptive weight matrix imposes a small weight coefficient on the larger corruption value by imposing constraints on the corruption term during the self-representation process, and vice versa. Finally, the experimental results on five real datasets validate the competitiveness of proposed algorithm.


The purpose of this work is to develop robust, interpretable structure-activity relationship (SAR) models for assessing the aquatic toxicity of pesticides. A data set of 1600 chemicals involving 533 nontoxic (C0), 287 slightly toxic (C1), 329 moderately toxic (C2), 231 highly toxic (C3), and 220 very highly toxic compounds (C4) to aquatic organisms were collected in this work. Their chemical structures were encoded into 196 molecular descriptors including the 2D topological, electrotopological state variables as well as the MlogP and AlogP parameters. Two variable selection techniques, i.e., the Stepwise procedure and the Genetic Algorithms (GA), coupled with the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to obtain stable and thoroughly validated QSARs. Our results reveal that the AlogP is capable of classifying the C0 versus C4 compounds with an accuracy rate of 70.4%, but is poor between other groups, while the MlogP does not show any pronounced correlation for aquatic toxicity for all the groups. By using all the theoretical descriptors, the GA-LDA models for C(0,4) C(1,3), C(1,4), and C(2,4) classifications are acceptable with external prediction accuracies ranging from 66.3% to 80.6%. All these selected descriptors accounting for the molecular size, electrotopological state, and hydrophobicity were found to be crucial to modeling the aquatic toxicity. The robustness and the predictive performance of the proposed models were verified using both the internal (cross-validation by leave-one out, Y-scrambling) and external statistical validations (randomly selected). Our results demonstrate that the Genetic Algorithms have a huge advantage over the Stepwise procedure for generating more reliable models, but by using much less descriptors for all the data sets.


(1) To describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of Aspergillus Endocarditis (AE) in a nationwide multicentric cohort (GAMES). (2) To compare the AE cases of the GAMES cohort, with the AE cases reported in the literature since 2010. (3) To identify variables related to mortality.


The National football League (NFL) in the United States has become a quarterback-centric league, where an elite quarterback is needed to win a Super Bowl. This paper will aim to provide statistical insight into how to project which college quarterback prospects will have the most successful NFL careers. We specifically focus on two quarterbacks, Jameis Winston and Marcus Mariotta, who, respectively, were the first and second choice in the first round of the NFL draft recently, in May, 2015. However, our methodology is applicable to other quarterback draftees, and, with modest adaptation, to evaluating players at other positions.


The creep behavior of fine-grained La{sub 0.8}Sr{sub 0.2}Ga{sub 0.85}Mg{sub 0.15}O{sub 2.825} (LSGM-2015) was investigated over the temperature range 1,200 to 1,300 C in air. The brief creep transients, value of the stress exponent close to unity, absence of deformation-induced dislocations, and lack of grain-shape change due to deformation suggest that the creep behavior of LSGM-2015 is controlled by grain boundary sliding accommodated by diffusion. The value of the grain-size exponent close to two indicates that the rate-controlling step is lattice diffusion. A comparison of the activation energy for creep with activation energies determined by ionic conductivity, oxygen tracer diffusion, and theoretical predictions reveal that the creep rate of LSGM-2015 is controlled by cation lattice diffusion.


This paper provides a design of a control circuit for cache memory with no time overhead for cache miss conditions. this type of circuits is very important in modern computers design to enhance program execution time and increase the processor performance. The main objective of the designed circuit is to provide a high performance of program execution and avoiding cache miss. The focus is on finding an optimal method that provides fast program execution. This is due to the fact that most of the existing methods are still producing cache miss. The proposed method is based on utilizing the control flow graph (CFG) of the program being executed. The proposed solution works with dividing the program into basic blocks of instructions. The program blocks and the execution paths are modeled by the CFG. A program traverses an execution path according to its current state which is represented by its data variables. If a block is required to be entered from the current block, that block is already available in the cache. This leads to eliminating cache miss. In this paper we provide the design for a cache memory control circuit that manages the cache according to the information of the CFG. Many experiments were run and tested using simulation that evaluated the proposed control circuit.


XML language is a standard for creating rules of designed data formats. Single documents are mostly defined by XML schemas. As the basis for XML information model one can utilize UML class diagram model. This paper presents an example of application of the content description languages XML and XML Schema standards for modeling of information structures of electronic intelligence system. In particular it is related to transformation UML models to XML schema models using UML Profile and UML mapping rules.


This paper takes the many years' experience from the economic development of the county areas in Hubei province as the example to illustrate that private capital economy is the important approach of developing county area economy and objectively fits in with the laws and requirements from the development of the socialist market economy-the key point is to take the reform of small-sized and middle-sized enterprises as jhe breakthrough,to liberate the thought,to create the new system, to fully put forward the process of private capital economy in the county area and to stimulate the vitalities of developing the county area economy.


The description of the measuring system intended for a simultaneous estimation at details of machines of diameters of two apertures with parallel axes and distance between their centers, including the patented device, the multichannel amplifier and electric heads is resulted. On an example of the control of a cheek of a caterpillar circuit questions of optimization of the components entering into system, including parameters of the amplifier of electric signals from circuits of strain gauges of the device are considered.


* About the Editor * Contributors * Foreword (Joyce Brockhaus) * Preface * PART I: ESTABLISHING THE CONTEXT * Chapter 1. Brief History of the Family Firm Institute (Florence W. Kaslow) * Chapter 2. International Expansion of Family Business Consultation: Consulting in Different Countries (Marta Vago) * PART II: VARIOUS MODELS OF FAMILY BUSINESS CONSULTING/ADVISING * Chapter 3. The Aspen Family Business Group Consulting Process: A Model for Deep Structural Change and Relationship Shift in Complex Multigenerational Enterprising Family Systems (Dennis T. Jaffe, Leslie Dashew, Sam H. Lane, Joseph Paul, and David Bork) * Chapter 4. Hilburt-Davis/Dyer Consulting Model (Jane Hilburt-Davis and W. Gibb Dyer Jr.) * Chapter 5. Preserving the Family Business: An Interpersonal Model for Reconciling Relationships (Leslie B. Kadis and Ruth McClendon) * PART III: FAMILY BUSINESSES AND CONSULTATION TO THEM IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES * Chapter 6. Brazil (Dorothy Nebel de Mello) * Chapter 7. Canada (Denise Pare-Julien) * Chapter 8. Chile (Jorge J. Yunis) * Chapter 9. Ireland (Marcus Spillane, Bill O'Gorman, and Naomi Birdthistle) * Chapter 10. Korea (Ji-Hee Kim) * Chapter 11. Lebanon (Josiane Fahed-Sreih) * Chapter 12. Mexico (Salo Grabinsky) * Chapter 13. Saudi Arabia (Joseph Paul, Zaher Al Munajjed, and Haluk Alacaklioglu) * Chapter 14. Scotland (Bill Gordon, Kenneth McCracken, and Barbara Murray) * Chapter 15. Trinidad and Tobago (Annette Rahael) * Chapter 16. Turkey (David Bork) * Chapter 17. United Kingdom (Juliette Johnson, Mark Jones, Peter C. Leach, and Francis Martin) * Chapter 18. United States (Joseph H. Astrachan and Kristi S. McMillan) * PART IV: A KALEIDOSCOPIC OVERVIEW * Chapter 19. Economic Change Viewed Through the Family Office Window: The Multifamily Office in a Changing Global Economy (Dirk Junge) * Chapter 20. Managing Wealth, Liquidity, and Growth in the Global Family Business (Francois M. de Visscher) * Chapter 21. Themes, Reflections, Comparisons, and Contrasts (Florence W. Kaslow) * Appendix. Glossary of Family Systems Concepts Applied to Family Business (Joseph Paul) * Index * Reference Notes Included


Abstract Atmospheric transport models usually require the mass conservation of the advective meteorological field. Even if the advection field is provided by sophisticated initialization or prediction models of meteorological centers, some mass imbalance may be introduced when the data are converted to the grid system specific to each tracer transport model. The mass-consistent wind model described here is used to impose mass continuity on the meteorological field, which is converted to a new grid system. The model is formulated in map coordinates. In the vertical, a terrain-following height coordinate is used. The model is unique in that a compressible continuity equation is used as a strong constraint, and in that the map scale factor, which is associated with conformal mapping, is incorporated. The weight on the adjustment of each wind component can be a spatial function. Some testing results of the model and an application are presented.


.................................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. vii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... x LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 ADC Specifications ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 ADC Architectures ................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 FLASH ADC .................................................................................................................. 3 1.2.2 PIPELINE ADC ............................................................................................................. 3 1.2.3 INTEGRATING ADC .................................................................................................... 4 1.2.4 SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION (SAR) ADC ......................................................... 5 1.2.5 DELTA-SIGMA ADC ................................................................................................... 6 1.3 ADC APPLICATIONS ......................................................................................................... 8 1.4 THESIS LAYOUT ................................................................................................................ 9 CHAPTER 2: DELTA SIGMA MODULATION ........................................................................ 10 2.1 SAMPLING ........................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 QUANTIZATION NOISE .................................................................................................. 13


Pavement performance indexes like roughness,sideway friction coefficient and rebounding deflection are tested through comprehensive tester of the laser cross-section.The results show that roughness and sideway friction coefficient are within the scope of acceptation.Especially the rebounding deflection representative value has not decreased obviously.It is of great significance to the theo-retical research and engineering practice.


The linear optical creation of Gaussian cluster states, a potential resource for universal quantum computation, is investigated. We show that for any Gaussian cluster state, the canonical generation scheme in terms of QND-type interactions, can be entirely replaced by off-line squeezers and beam splitters. Moreover, we find that, in terms of squeezing resources, the canonical states are rather wasteful and we propose a systematic way to create cheaper states. As an application, we consider Gaussian cluster computation in multiple-rail encoding. This encoding may reduce errors due to finite squeezing, even when the extra rails are achieved through off-line squeezing and linear optics.


From two aspects: outdoor temperature difference and expansion coefficient of building material reasons caused the temperature cracks in masonry structure are analyzed;at the same time corresponding prevention measures are proposed,which provide good theoretical references for temperature cracks' control.


In this paper a scheme called joint data hiding and shrinking(compression) is proposed for digital images using SMVQ(side match vector quantization).both the methods of hiding text and shrinking of image is united into a individual module. On the client side, the information is hided and shrinked in sub codebook, excluding the top most and left most blocks the remaining blocks are used to embed data and compress image, vector quantization is used along with SMVQ for complicated blocks. Now on the server side the receiver receives the image and the image is divided into multiple blocks and the receiver extracts hided data and after decompression reconstructs the original image according to the value of the index in segmented section. This proposed scheme has given a high performance in terms of hiding information, compression and decompression of digital images.


We consider a general unitary operator acting on two qubits in a product state. We find the conditions such that the state of the qubits after the action is as entangled as possible. We also consider the possibility of using ancilla qubits to increase the entanglement.


Direct-democratic processes have won popular support but fall far short of the standards of deliberative democracy. Initiative and referendum processes furnish citizens with insufficient information about policy problems, inadequate choices among policy solutions, flawed criteria for choosing among such solutions, and few opportunities for reflection on those choices prior to decision making. We suggest a way to make direct democracy more deliberative by grafting randomly selected citizen assemblies onto existing institutions and practices. After reviewing the problems that beset modern direct-democratic elections and the long history of randomly selected citizen assemblies, we propose five different varieties of randomly constituted citizen bodies—Priority Conferences, Design Panels, Citizens' Assemblies, Citizens' Initiative Reviews, and Policy Juries. After selecting members through stratified random sampling of citizens, each of these assemblies would operate at a different stage of the legislative process, from initial problem identification through approval of a finished ballot measure. Highly structured procedures guided by professional moderators and featuring expert testimony on policy and legal matters would help to ensure deliberative quality, and careful institutional designs would make each body politically powerful. In the end, these citizen bodies would be likely to address the deliberative deficit of direct democracy and better achieve the public's desired policy objectives.


In this paper,taking the five interplanting patterns which are soybean,peanut,mung bean,kidney bean and the covering grass as test objects,the experiment is to explore the effects of different interplanting pattern on the growth and productivity of Camellia oleifera Abel.,and on rhizosphere soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that five kinds of interplanting patterns improved soil properties,enhanced the growth and product ability of C. oleifera. Compared to the control,soil bulk density of the five modes decreased 0. 07- 0. 21 g·cm- 3,and which of mung bean mode was minimal; the noncapillary poropsity of soybean mode was highest; the capillary porosity of peanut mode was the highest; the highest total porosity was mung bean pattern,and the total porosities of soybean,peanut,mung bean were more than 50%. Obviously,patterns of soybean,peanut,mung bean increased the soil's permeability. Soil moisture,capillary capacity,maximum water holding capacity and field capacity were all highest in the mung mode in which water conservation was most powerful,but were the lowest value in the covering grass mode. Interplanting changed soil p H value which ranged between 3. 47 and 5. 02. Soil organic matter content,total N,total K and available potassium were largest in soybean mode. Total P was highest in the covering grass mode,and was second in soybean mode. Available phosphorus was largest in kidney bean mode,and was second in soybean. These showed that soybean mode can improve rhizosphere soil nutrient in adult C. oleifera forest. The correlation analysis indicated that soil water condition and soil aeration were the two most important factors during cultivation of C. oleifera forest. All above results showed that interplanting mung beans and peas maintained and improved soil physical and chemical properties and the growth of C. oleifera.