The significance of father's parenting has been considered as a critical factor in facilitating growth and development and in promoting well-being of children. Pediatric nursing is a pertinent science to develop parenting roles, because it deals with knowledge and skills on growth and development and health of child. For this paper current studies were reviewed related to consequences to the family, content and factors influencing paternal parenting, and father's reactions to child rearing participation. Perspectives of future studies in pediatric nursing are summarized as follows. First, paternal parenting has to be studied more actively to contribute to family health and to meet the academic responsibility of pediatric nursing. Second, it is necessary to study the consequences to child's health and health behavior of paternal parenting. Also it is necessary to be concerned about fathers' reactions, like stress in parenting behavior, to understand the parenting father himself. Third, an objective measure of caregiving behavior (not self-reporting) is needed to determine whether the father is behaving appropriately. Further, experimental research has to be implemented to develop intervention programs for paternal parenting. It is hoped that the examination of these studies leads to develop of knowledge and practice in paternal parenting.


Gear enveloping experiment was improved with computer assistance.The principle of dynamic showing of gear enveloping movement,program design and the arrangement of the experiment content were presented.


Studies on substantive representation usually compare voters and elites using a left-right scale. We know, however, that the use of left-right can be problematic for various reasons. The simultaneous survey among voters and elites (usually in the framework of the Comparative Candidate Survey project) in the framework of the Swiss electoral study (Selects), allows us to compare voters and elites in a much more systematic way in Switzerland for the 2007 national elections. In this paper we will focus on the policy congruence between voters and elites on a range of thirteen issue questions which were included in both a post-electoral voter and candidate survey. We can show, that left-right captures the relation between voters and elites only in a limited way. The pattern of issue congruence and the explanation of this pattern is much more diverse and also more complex than what we can detect from using the left-right scale.


Weather early warning forecast has been developed using various method and data to investigate small scale weather characteristic. Each region, especially in low latitude has unique and dynamic local weather circulation. Bangka Belitung Island has a typical topography consists of hilly region and directly adjacent to the sea. Thus, this expected to have a high impact in local weather circulation. The used of in-situ data (air temperature, rainfall amount also wind surface speed and direction), weather satellite observation and meteorological model is chosen to investigates the local weather circulation characteristic. Findings in this study is that topography, has influencing and controlling local circulation such as the presence of land breeze and sea breeze supporting the formation of convective clouds around the hills in Bangka Belitung Island. Wind surface analysis shows that strong sea breeze activity occurred during the MAM period. Himawari satellite imagery analysis showed that rain occurred in the afternoon and only occurred in the mainland region of Bangka Belitung.


Based on the grey connected analysis, in this paper, an adaptive learning algorithm of neural networks are proposed. The example results shown that the self-configuring neural networks is an effective methods in building water turbine mathematical models.


In this paper we study the properties of complex systems based on replicator dynamics. Vector field analysis is used to reveal new properties of the dynamical system. Spectral problem has been considered and Lyaponov function has been derived from the algebraic properties of the system under consideration. New mathematical model with multi-agent interaction is developed and general properties of such model are discussed. The over-all dynamics can be understood by means of mathematical modeling of replicator equations and corresponding multi-agent system. The dynamics of multi agent system depends crucially on the interaction between agents and it is quite different from the dynamics of corresponding independent agents. keywords: replicator dynamics, Hamiltonian systems, gradient dynamical system, multi-agent interaction, Lyapunov function, complex system.


The purpose of this research is to see the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Governance, Leverage, and Profitability on Tax Avoidance in Companies Listed on the Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Singapore Stock Exchanges period 2014-2016. The sample consists of 216 companies listed in the Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Singapore Stock Exchanges period 2014-2016. The data that was used in this research was secondary data and selected by using purposive sampling method. The analisis method that was used in this research was multiple linear regression. Before being conducted by regression test, it was examined by using the classical assumption tests. The result of this study shows that the the environmental score, social score, governance score, have positive significant influence to Tax Avoidance. Leverage have negative significant influence to Tax Avoidance. Profitablitas did not have significant influence to tax avoidance.


Using the partial wave method, we analyze the Schroedinger-type scalar wave equation from black hole in Hořava–Lifshitz gravity and numerically investigate its absorption cross section and scattering cross section. We find that the absorption cross section oscillates around the geometric optical value in the high frequency regime, and the scattering angle width becomes narrower and the damping oscillation pattern becomes more complex as the angular momentum l increases. With fixed frequency of scalar wave ω, the glory peak becomes lower and the glory width becomes wider as the coupling parameter α increases.


Stuart pantography records the extreme movements of the mandible. A modified reproducible method is described which furnishes comparable graphs, if the apparatus is mounted and the pantographic records are made in a standardized way corresponding to the geometric relations. This standardized method is presented and discussed.


Abstract : The Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) Production Model was developed as a part of a study entitled 'Investigation of Methodologies and Techniques for Intelligence Analysis,' which is aimed at constructing a model of the cognitive processes underlying intelligence analysis. The approach to constructing such a model is based on the investigation of analytical processing in two types of single source analysis (SIGINT and IMINT), subsequently generalizing to multisource analysis. For the purposes of this investigation, intelligence analysis was defined as a spectrum of analytical judgmental activities involved in the processing and production of intelligence, where particular individuals may devote more or less time to different aspects of such activities according to their individual roles in the intelligence cycle. Section 1 describes the IMINT model in the context of the study discussed above, and also treats the scope of the model and the collection of the information on which the model is based. Section 2 presents an overview of the model, describing findings about the role of the imagery interpretation analyst, the impact of management on analysis, the IMINT time dimension, and the special role of informal information channels in IMINT analysis. This section also describes the format of the model description, which is represented in terms of hierarchical input-process-output (HIPO) charts. Section 3 presents IMINT the model, production management activities and processing, analysis, and reporting activities.


lumbar interspinous prosthesis comprising a torsion spring having two legs (3,4), each of whose ends has a fastening system (5) to a process (1) of a vertebra (2).


Abstract:After the economic, social, and political crisis in Argentina in the 1990s, a new musical subgenre emerged: the polemical cumbia villera. While traditionally Argentine tango represented the displaced, oppressed "other" and challenged hegemonic discourses of nationhood, a comparable representation and process appears to be occurring with cumbia villera. This article draws a parallel between the origins of tango in the nineteenth century and cumbia villera in the 1990s, analyzing the impact cumbia villera has had on Argentine culture and questioning its place in the national panorama in light of the country's bicentennial celebrations.


Background: To compare pregnancy outcomes in growth-restricted fetuses retaining normal umbilical artery doppler flow and the outcomes of pregnancies with end-diastolic velocity diminished or severely reduced/absent.Methods: In a prospective observational study, one hundred pregnant women with growth-restricted fetuses were followed with doppler velocimetry of the umbilical artery between weeks 28 and 41 of pregnancy. Outcomes were compared for the normal doppler group (55%) (Group 1), the low-end diastolic flow group (32%) (Group 2), and the group with severely reduced or absent end-diastolic velocity waveforms (13%) (Group 3).Results: Fetuses with abnormal umbilical flow velocimetry had higher incidence of oligohydramnios (82.2%). The average birth weight and gestational age at delivery were lower in the abnormal doppler group. Significantly more women with severe reduction/AEDV, 31/45 (68.8%), underwent caesarean section, with 20 of them (44.4 %) for fetal distress, compared with 17/55 (30.9%) women in the normal doppler group, with 9 of them (16.4%) for fetal distress. Also, fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery velocimetry had early delivery at less than 36 weeks of gestation (38.2% versus 65.85%), increased NICU admission (32.7% versus 80%), need for PPV (5.5% versus 40%), low Apgar score (9.1 % versus 50.2%) than those with normal doppler. All the three stillbirths in the study population were in the abnormal doppler group.Conclusions: Umbilical artery doppler velocimetry helps in differentiating fetus with pathological growth restriction at risk for perinatal complications from small and healthy fetuses.


According to the limitations of current splicer to paper tension control,a new control system based on PLC S7-300 and Lenze servo combined with paper tension control and splicer storecarriage position control were described. The paper tension PID adjustment,the PLC hardware and software were analyzed. The test results showed that the system can keep tension stability of splicer's output paper and improve the quality of corrugated paper board.


References 1. Deitch MA, Kiefhaber TR, Comisar BR, Stern PJ. Dorsal fracture dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint: surgical complications and long-term results. J Hand Surg Am 1999; 24: 914–923. 2. Majumder S, Peck F, Watson JS, Lees VC. Lessons learned from the management of complex intra-articular fractures at the base of the middle phalanges of fingers. J Hand Surg Br 2003; 28: 559–565. 3. Fahmy NR. The Stockport Serpentine Spring System for the treatment of displaced comminuted intra-articular phalangeal fractures. J Hand Surg Br 2003; 15: 303–311. 4. Allison DM. Fractures of the base of the middle phalanx treated by a dynamic external fixation device. J Hand Surg Br 1996; 21: 305–310. Figure 1 Velcro® is bonded to Orfit thermoplastic and attached to Ligamentotaxor® device.


The paper is a central theme of research in the fie ld of industrial engineering, which has as main objective the optimization of the flows in a f lexible manufacturing system by configuring worksta tions required and the dynamic control of the rhyth m and the manufacturing stocks based on modeling discrete event systems. The work presented in this paper is based on a real problem, with the purpose f optimizing and balancing a manufacturing line. In t his article aspects of the whole production process are presented, which can be improved by using curre ntly available equipment and software. Thus, a simulation using Delmia Quest software was introduc ed. Therefore, the topic of this paper is centred o n material flow simulation and optimization. The obje ctive of the simulation model was to determine bott leneck locations and to offer an alternative for impr oving the manufacturing line.


This report presents the results of a study performed in support of the Space Station Freedom Advanced Development Program, under the sponsorship of the Space Station Engineering (Code MT), Office of Space Flight. The study consisted of the collection, compilation, and analysis of lessons learned, crew time requirements, and other factors influencing the application of advanced automation and robotics, with emphasis on potential improvements in productivity. The lessons learned data collected were based primarily on Skylab, Spacelab, and other Space Shuttle experiences, consisting principally of interviews with current and former crew members and other NASA personnel with relevant experience. The objectives of this report are to present a summary of this data and its analysis, and to present conclusions regarding promising areas for the application of advanced automation and robotics technology to the Space Station Freedom and the potential benefits in terms of increased productivity. In this study, primary emphasis was placed on advanced automation technology because of its fairly extensive utilization within private industry including the aerospace sector. In contrast, other than the Remote Manipulator System (RMS), there has been relatively limited experience with advanced robotics technology applicable to the Space Station. This report should be used as a guide and is not intended to be used as a substitute for official Astronaut Office crew positions on specific issues.


Using the goods displayed principle,method and magnetic theory,the paper plans the goods display in pack-aged food area of a supermarket and designs two schemes,then uses Flexsim simulation software system to simulate the two schemes and analyzes the reasonability of the schemes according to the simulation data.


Abstract
Transformational learning outcomes of short-term faculty-led international service-learning experiences can by stymied by cultural shock and improperly facilitated programs. Moreover, dissonance in dimensions of the self in contrast to foreign traditions and social interactions can be especially salient in American student encounters in India. How students resolve and make meaning of their own emotional entropy is traced across two institutional programs, two courses (1 undergraduate and 1 graduate), and multiple India community partner sites. An evidence-based pedagogical model and strategies for preparation, praxis, and processing are offered in supporting student reflection of themselves as global beings and in development of global agency which is manifested as intrapersonal, interpersonal, intercultural, academic, and professional competencies.


We unveil secrets of the financial markets that prove very effective on shaping their future. The question to be answered is why instant high amplitude variations of price returns are never experienced. We deduce that the key to shedding light on this issue is the quantum potential whose existence is due to the entanglement between a price and its prior-day price. Implementing the quantum potential would enable us to sketch a robust pattern for the price return fluctuations of a financial market. As such, we model real markets by the Bohmian quantum approach bearing a quantum potential that guides the price return fluctuations. Strictly speaking, we show that this quantum potential confines the price returns of real markets in a scale-invariant manner, which proves to be different for emerging and efficient markets. By modelling the oil and gold markets we see that a 20 day time scale is enough to exhibit the class difference of the scaling behaviour. The appearance of this characteristic time scale lies in the fact that oil and gold markets are influenced by short- and long-term programs. This statement is supported by the fact that short-term programs are due to the market supply and demand, while long-term programs are due to political and natural factors. In short times the potential is very efficiently controlling the market showing a big margin against a white noise, while in the long run the potential is not as efficient as before tending to look more like a white noise. This is due to the widening of the boundaries disabling the quantum potential efficiency on controlling the market, and hence justifying the model.


This paper explores why income tax return scams are increasing at an alarming rate. Tax identity theft, unscrupulous tax preparers, and the rise in online financial activity all contribute to the problem. We examine ways income tax fraud is perpetrated. E-filing provides the basis for most fraudulent tax schemes. The IRS currently has several measures in place to counteract income tax fraud including: screening filters that flag multiple returns using the same address or the same bank account number for receiving funds, federal legislation that provides albeit weak financial privacy protection for customers, and raising public awareness. Many believe the IRS could do more. We suggest additional steps they might take to further curtail income tax fraud such as verifying tax return information before releasing refunds to taxpayers and creating an audit trail when distributing funds. Finally, we suggest how individuals can protect themselves to reduce the chance of becoming a victim of income tax return fraud.


Collagen and its denatured form, gelatin, have been extensively used as scaffolds for tissue engineering and tissue repair applications. Denaturation temperature, commonly measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), for biomaterial applications is a significant physical property that will determine the stability of a potential implant at body temperature. In order to imitate a clinical setting, DSC should be run under fully hydrated conditions. We show here that for hydrophobic polymers such as poly(e-caprolactone) and chitosan there is no significant difference between dry and wet DSC operation (p > 0.05). In contrast, for hydrophilic polymers such as collagen, gelatin, poly(ethylene glycol) (40 kDa) and poly(ethylene oxide) (900 kDa) significant differences occur between measurements in the dry and the wet state (p < 0.0011). Moreover, we demonstrate that only when wet DSC is carried out are we able to separate the unique crystalline structure of collagen from its randomly coiled heat-denatured by-product gelatin (p < 0.0005). We therefore recommend running DSC under fully hydrated conditions when the function and properties of a biomaterial are under investigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry


Using the method of classifing the simplest item of function,to research logic function with several simplest expressions,discovers that these simplest expressions have regularity on com-position,and these regularity is close relevant to "activities power" of the simplest item of function.


A complex approach for the environment health assessment integrating information on contaminants levels registered in environment compartments and bioindication-based estimates is developed and applied to two studies carried out at sites with different scenarios of long-term impact. The environment state is assessed at the territory of a nuclear waste storage facility, Obninsk, Russia, and in the post-mining areas of the Upper Silesia, Poland with enhanced levels of natural radioactivity. Concentrations of micro-, macroelements and appropriate radionuclides activities are measured in samples of water and sediment. With the Allium cepa plant system, phyto- and genotoxicity of the sampled water and soil is estimated to assess a hazardous potential of the complex contamination. As biological endpoints, frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations and mitotic abnormalities in ana-telophase cells as well as mitotic activity in Allium cepa root tips are used. An approach and techniques are developed to reveal factors and contamination components that play a governing role in an induction of the observed biological effect and estimate their relative contribution. Compatibility of findings observed and legislative standards adopted are discussed. From the studies carried out, the Allium -test proved to be a sensitive and simple bioassay efficient in genotoxic monitoring of environmental pollutants.


Gram negative small bacilli were isolated from 456 samples of 168 pig farms in Henan province which had high fever syndrome from 2006 to 2009.These strains were identified base on culture characteristics,biochemical and PCR assay.The result showed that there were 25 Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb) strains.The virulence and drug sensitivity test results showed that these Bb strains were lethal to mice and sensitive to azithromycin,ciprofloxacin and amikacin.


Visual Abstract The aim of this retrospective analysis was to determine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, PSA progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in a large cohort of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with 177Lu-PSMA-I&T and to identify clinical and scintigraphic prognostic factors for outcome. Methods: In total, 301 consecutive mCRPC patients were included in this analysis. Prognostic factors included clinical parameters, routine laboratory parameters, and findings on posttreatment scintigraphy. Scintigraphic tumor uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T was compared with salivary gland uptake and classified as high or low. The longest extent of skeletal metastatic disease was measured, and its changes during therapy were used to define scintigraphic progression, response, and stable disease. A PSA response of at least 50%, PSA PFS, and OS were calculated. Results: In total, 1,138 cycles (median, 3 cycles per patient) of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T using a standard activity of 7.4 GBq were applied intravenously every 4–10 wk (median, 6 wk). Overall, 34% (95% CI, 28%–38%) of patients showed a PSA response of at least 50%, and the median PSA PFS and OS of the total patient cohort were 16.0 wk (95% CI, 12.1–19.9) and 13.8 mo (95% CI, 12.4–15.5), respectively. Patients with high scintigraphic tumor uptake showed a higher PSA response rate of at least 50% (45.7% vs. 10.4%; P < 0.0001) and a significantly reduced risk of PSA progression (median event time, 24.9 vs. 9.0 wk; hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2–0.5; P < 0.0001). In our data, risk of death was not significantly different between patients with high scintigraphic uptake and those with low scintigraphic uptake (median, 14.4 vs. 12.4 mo; hazard ratio, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.6–1.3; P = 0.6). In a multivariable analysis, the following pretherapeutic prognostic factors for OS were identified: alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and PSA levels; prior chemotherapy; and the presence of visceral metastases. Scintigraphic response was a strong prognostic factor for PSA response, PSA PFS, and OS after 1 treatment cycle. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis of a large group of consecutive patients corroborates previous clinical experience for 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in mCRPC and establishes previously proposed prognostic factors. The skeletal tumor extent and its changes were identified as new potential biomarkers to predict the outcome of therapy after the first treatment cycle.


The medicinal tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) is an important resource in traditional Chinese medicine. Soil bacteria, especially rhizosphere bacteria, have strong effects on plant health and growth. In this study, the bacterial community structure and diversity in P. suffruticosa rhizosphere soil in five major distribution areas in China were investigated by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). The ARDRA patterns of the amplified 16S rRNA gene produced an average of 2—6 bands that ranged in size from 100 to 1302 bp, which indicated that the fragments of the 16S rRNA gene were efficiently double⁃digested with the restriction endonucleases HinfI and Csp6I. ARDRA⁃based cluster analysis showed that 702 positive clones were clustered into 74, 69, 76, 73, and 72 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the FH, YS, BZ, HZ, and LY libraries, respectively. Most of the OTUs contained 1—3 clones, which implied high diversity in the peony rhizosphere soil; twenty⁃six OTUs contained 4—6 clones; and five OTUs contained 7—12 clones.


Theoretically, everything that can be done in a synchrotron is also feasible in an electron microscope. In practice, however, electron and photon probes behave quite differently. In this respect, the EMCD technique (energy loss magnetic chiral dichroism) in the electron microscope [1,2] the equivalent of the synchrotron based XMCD, a standard technique for the study of atom specific magnetism has the intrinsic advantage of high spatial resolution. But there are many obstacles in taking a dichroic energy loss spectrum that do not exist for synchrotron radiation. The main difficulty with EMCD is the notoriously low signal intensity, asking for exposure times of the order of minutes, and the very particular scattering conditions necessary to observe a chiral dichroic signal. Nevertheless, much progress was made in the last years. The signal strength could be considerably increased, and some innovations such as using a convergent beam have been introduced. EMCD has evolved into several techniques, now utilising either energy filtering, spectroscopy, TEM or STEM conditions. After a synopsis of the present situation in EMCD, we highlight recent results such as nanometric resolution [3], the applicability of XMCD sum rules [4,5], and a new image simulation software [6]. Furthermore we discuss potential applications of this technique like the investigation of magnetism of individual magnetic nanoparticles. Such nanoparticles, which can be made e.g. of Fe3O4, are due to their magnetic properties interesting for a variety of applications like magnetic markers in biotechnology or as magnetic ink for printable magnetic bar codes. In Fig. 1 an example of recently obtained EELS spectra of an 8 nm sized magnetite particle showing a dichroic signal at the Fe edge is given. The observation that chiral electronic transitions break certain mirror symmetries in energy spectroscopic diffraction (ESD) led to the prediction that this chirality pertains in the energy filtered HR image [7], thus opening a road to mapping electron spins of individual atomic columns under HR-TEM conditions see Fig. 2. We discuss the necessary conditions to do so and present a feasibility experiment on the SuperSTEM facility.


A method has been developed for adding an arbitrary number of additional terms to the two‐term Mott‐Smith distribution function for a one‐dimensional shock wave and a calculation has been carried out, for a monatomic gas of Maxwellian molecules, with a three term distribution function. For weak shocks, the calculated reciprocal shock thicknesses are within 2% of the Navier‐Stokes results. This is a substantial improvement over the Mott‐Smith results which, for the same force law, are 15 to 30% too low. For strong shocks, our reciprocal shock thicknesses are below the Mott‐Smith results for vx2 and for vx3 moments.


The European space has experienced relentless geo-economic changes that result in a re- conceptualisation of their industrial growth pattern. The aim of this paper is to empirically detect the determinants of industrial growth covering the entirety of Europe, thus embracing economies of different production systems and welfare levels. Integration has influenced the economies and their industrial growth not only inside the EU but inside the whole European area, on the one hand, by attributing to them common behavioural characteristics, and on the other hand, by forming their industrial growth pattern under the influence of different natural factors in alignment with the regions' comparative advantage and the markets' maturity levels.


Preface. Part 1. Focussing on the Client. D.Luterman, Ruminations of an Old Man - A Fifty Year Perspective on Clinical Practice. R.J. Fourie, From Alienation to Therapeutic Dialogue. R. Barrow, Shaping Practice: The Benefits of Really Attending to the Person's Story. N. Simmons-Mackie, J.S. Damico, Exploring Clinical Interaction in Speech-Language Therapy: Narrative, Discourse and Relationships. I. Walsh, J. Felson Duchan, Product and Process Depictions of Rapport Between Clients and Their Speech-Language Pathologists During Clinical Interactions. A. Ferguson, Clinical Linguistic Proficiency: Managing Multiparty Interactions. L. Hand, Challenges to Therapeutic Processes: The Cross-Cultural Context. M.O'Malley, Exploring Gender and Power in Clinical Encounters. D. Downs, How Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists Can Foster and Combat Stigma in Persons with Communication Disorders. I. Walsh, D. Kovarsky, Establishing Relationships in Speech and Language Therapy When Working Alongside People With Mental Health Disorders. A. DiLollo, Constructivism and Adaptive Leadership: Framing an Approach for SLPs and Audiologists to Overcome Barriers to Counselling. J. Felson Duchan, The Social Construction of Relationships in Healing Interactions from Ancient Times to the Present. Part 2. Focussing on the Clinician. K. McDonald, The Transference Relationship in Speech and Language Therapy. E. Silverman, Self-Reflection in Clinical Practice. E. Geller, Using Oneself as a Vehicle for Change in Relational and Reflective Practice. E. Ross, Burnout and Self-Care in the Practice of Speech Pathology and Audiology: An Ecological Perspective. C.S. Spillers, Spiritual Dimensions of the Clinical Relationship.


Column experiments were conducted over 45 d to determine the degree of P mobility. The sandy loam soil was spiked with 200 mg P kg–1 and 5% organic residues. The treatments included: control without any water-soluble P and plant residues, potato, wheat, water-soluble P fertilizer, wheat + water-soluble P, and potato + water-soluble P. Each column was leached with distilled water, and leachates were collected and analyzed for P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, along with pH and EC. Sequential extraction was performed on soil samples at the end of leaching column experiments. The relatively high initial concentration of P in the leachates decreased to more stable values after 15 d which can be attributed to the colloid-bound P. The P concentrations in the leachates fluctuated between 8 and 220 mg L–1 in the water-soluble–P fertilizer treatment, between 0.80 and 230 mg L–1 in the potato + water-soluble-P treatment, and between 0.90 and 214 mg L–1 in the wheat + water-soluble P treatment. Leaching loss of P mainly occurred in the 15 d of leaching, accounting for 94%, 88%, and 65% of total P leached in wheat + water-soluble-P, potato + water-soluble-P, and water-soluble-P treatments, respectively. Maximum amount of P leached was found from an exponential kind model and was in the range 0.45 mg kg–1 to 125.4 mg kg–1 in control and potato + water-soluble-P treatments, respectively. Sequential extraction results showed that in control and amended soils the major proportion of P was associated with Ca. The leachate samples in all treatments were saturated with respect to hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, and octacalcium phosphate up to 20 d of leaching, whereas they were undersaturated with respect to Mg-P minerals through the entire leaching experiment.


We report transmission experiments in novel fibers that can provide at least one order of magnitude higher capacity than single-mode fibers. The fiber considered are multimode and multicore fibers.


In order to solve the issues such as complex design and large amount of duplication work in the application of the pipe joints,the research and development of standard parts library system is made.First,the NX methods for building standard parts library are studied.Second,with the classification of pipe joints design knowledge,framework-based representation method and production rule representation method to achieve piping design knowledge representation are adopted.Finally by utilizing NX/OPEN secondary development technology the pipe joins standard parts date-base and query mechanism is established,and an example of screw connector is used to validate the feasibility of the standard parts date-base for pipe joins in pipeline design.


We present simulations of the vortex dynamics associated with the self-propelled motion of jellyfish. The geometry is obtained from image segmentation of video recordings from live jellyfish. The numerical simulations are performed using three-dimensional viscous, vortex particle methods with Brinkman penalization to impose the kinematics of the jellyfish motion. We study two types of strokes recorded in the experiment1. The first type (stroke A) produces two vortex rings during the stroke: one outside the bell during the power stroke and one inside the bell during the recovery stroke. The second type (stroke B) produces three vortex rings: one ring during the power stroke and two vortex rings during the recovery stroke. Both strokes propel the jellyfish, with stroke B producing the highest velocity. The speed of the jellyfish scales with the square root of the Reynolds number. The simulations are visualized in a fluid dynamics video.


The fabrication and characterization of biotemplated nanostructured surfaces for enhanced pool boiling heat transfer is reported. By introducing micro/nano-porosity and surface roughness at the liquid-vapor interface, significant enhancement in surface heat transfer capability can be achieved during nucleate boiling. This work uses the self-assembly and mineralization of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to create superhydrophilic (∼9°), superhydrophobic (∼163°), and mixed hydrophilic-hydrophobic (∼70°) surfaces to investigate the effects of surface wettability and heterogeneity on boiling heat transfer performance. Pool boiling results showing CHF and HTC values for nickel-coated TMV, Teflon-coated TMV, mixed nickel + Teflon coated TMV, flat silicon, and flat Teflon are reported. The mixed surfaces demonstrate a CHF enhancement of ∼ 70% compared to flat silicon and ∼140% compared to flat Teflon. The results are in good agreement with the literature and will guide the design of optimized surfaces for further enhancement. This work demonstrates the feasibility of enhancing pool boiling heat transfer using TMV based nanostructured coatings.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


A tree is my structure, I shall always want, He leadeth me through the valley of a new science, He restoreth my syntax and replenisheth faith in my intuition: He anointeth my LAD with an infinite generative capacity, He borroweth an old branch of cognitive psychology, And gathereth converts without an apofogy: Surely syntactics. semantics and pragmatics will follow me All the days of my life, And I will live in the house of abstractions forever. R.W.R.


Objective To ascertain the use of antibiotics in a hospital and provide guidance for rational use of drugs.Methods A hospital's outlays on antibiotics and defined daily doses(DDDs) of antibiotics in 2011 were determined and analyzed.Results The hospital's outlays on antibiotics accounted for 18.06% of its total drug purchases in 2011.The 3 largest outlays on antibiotics were for cephalosporins,quinolones,and β-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors.Cephalosporins accounted for 37.04% of these outlays,quinolones for 13.63%,and β-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors for 12.88%.The 3 largest DDDs were of cephalosporins,quinolones,and nitroimidazoles.The largest outlay on cephalosporins was on third-generation cephalosporins while the largest DDD was of second-generation cephalosporins.ConclusionAntibiotic use in this hospital was relatively consistent,but there are some potential pitfalls.Management of the clinical use of antibiotics must be enhanced and clinical microbiological detection must be improved along with monitoring of drug resistance.


PADELTTHERM® GmbH has developed an innovative furnace concept for the chemicals industry. Heat treatment has up to now been performed in this industry using batch-charged vertical retorts. Multiple furnaces are required to meet the production rates demanded. The furnaces are charged manually using the overhead crane. The high operating input thus involved, combined with the demand for constant and repeatable heat-treatment data at all times, has resulted in the development of a new furnace concept. This is based on a continuous-flow furnace system with a cooling bed immediately downstream and the charging and discharge facilities integrated into the system. A vacuum lock is installed on the furnace entry and the cooling-chamber outlet in order to generate a constant furnace atmosphere and prevent uncontrolled escape of waste-air from the system. After manual charging by the furnace operator, the charge is conveyed fully automatically through the system. The installation described below is suitable for use in all branches of industry in which products of constant quality are to be series produced.


ELISHA is a human-interactive visual-based anomaly detection system for handling faults and security attacks on the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) routing protocol. A "fully automated" anomaly detection system for analyzing and correlating unknown attacks or faults is hard to build due to the consideration of effectiveness, coverage, and false positive. In this paper, we demonstrate that the ELISHA system can utilize human intelligence to effectively resolve two critical tasks related to the BGP MOAS (Multiple Origin AS) problem: (1) MOAS anomaly detection and analysis, (2) MOAS


The present study analyses the construct validity of the Self Description Questionnaire I in a Spanish context. The descriptive analyses of the items in the SDQ I display behaviour which is similar to that found using the English-language version, with the exception of two items from the scale relations with parents', which require a minor adjustment in translation. The reliability of the scales varies around values which are similar to those in the original studies carried out on this instrument. Both the EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis) and the CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) demonstrate extraordinarily good correspondence both to the proposed model, in the first-order factors analysed, and to the results obtained in Australia. The present study is thus of both practical and theoretical interest, and strengthens the empirical evidence for the hypothesised construct as this remains basically identical in a nonAnglo-American linguistic and cultural context.


The split-radix approach for computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is extended for the vector-radix fast Fourier transform (FFT) to two and higher dimensions. It is obtained by further splitting the (N/2*N/2) transforms with twiddle factors in the radix (2*2) FFT algorithm. The generalization of this split vector-radix FFT algorithm to higher radices and higher dimensions is also presented. By introducing a general approach for constructing the fast Hartley transform (FHT) from the corresponding FFT, new vector- and split-vector-radix FHT algorithms with the same desirable properties as their FFT counterparts are obtained. >


Six luminescent, bright red Eu(III) complexes with a β-keto-carboxylic acid as prime ligand and N-donor aromatic systems as auxillary ligand were synthesised via ecologically efficient grinding method. The distinctive red peak (5D0 → 7F2) of Eu(III) ion is exhibited in emission spectra of all complexes. The luminescent properties of complexes were analysed through decay time, color coordinates, luminescence efficiency and Judd Ofelt parameters. The value of Ω2 is found to be higher than Ω4 which indicated hypersensitive nature of 5D0 → 7F2 transition. The results established the complexes as a strong contender for red light emitting display devices. The fluorescence branching ratios, stimulated emission cross section, gain band width and optical gain showed the good lasing strength of 5D0 → 7F2 transition of complexes. The complexes exhibited decent thermal stability and have optical energy band gap value in semiconductor range, thus can have relevance in optoelectronic devices. Energy transfer mechanism was investigated for complexes which affirmed the efficacious transfer of energy from ligands to Eu(III) ion. The synthesised complexes were also assayed for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. All complexes are reported to show better antioxidant behaviour than the prime ligand and also exhibited upstanding antibacterial activities.


PURPOSE
Dexamethasone (DEX) is a glucocorticoid commonly used in topical eyedrops to treat eye inflammation. It has an undesirable effect of inducing glaucoma in certain patients. In human Trabecular Meshwork (TM) cells DEX regulates a number of genes but its global influence on TM gene expression is still elusive. In the present work, DEX effects on global gene expressions of an established human TM cell line were studied by microarray.

METHODS
The whole experiment of microarray was repeated three times. Differentially expressed genes were identified by an empirical Bayes approach and confirmed by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction.

RESULTS
Eight genes (GAS1, CDH4, MT1L, CST3, ATF4, ASNS/TS11, CHOP, HSPA5) were identified that are at least a thousand times more likely to be differentially expressed due to DEX treatment and six genes (TSC22, LDHA, IGFBP2, TAGLN, SCG2, WARS) were identified that are at least a hundred times more likely to be differentially expressed due to DEX treatment. Except for MT1L, ASNS/TS11, IGFBP2, SCG2, and WARS, all the other genes are first reported here to be regulated by DEX in TM. Intriguingly, several of them have overlapping roles in anti-inflammatory response and outflow resistance.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of our experiments on cultured human TM cells indicate that the increase in outflow resistance and ultimate ocular hypertension may be byproducts of the favorable anti-inflammatory response triggered by DEX.


Zhou Zuo-ren's interpretation of Pure Poem of Symbolism in 1920s is an important theory preparation for the 1930s' campaign of Chinese Pure Poems.The translated version of Foliage by Zhou in 1919 is the earlist masterpiece of symbolic poem in Chinese modern literature that cares both life quality and completion.Thereafter,he continued to modify his popular art view and proclaimed that modern poems should express the feelings in people's busy daily life which " strike the mind suddenly" and then " flick away in a moment" by " delicate and meaningful description".Zhou Zuo-ren's interest in the form of symbolic poems becomes the earliest memory of those foreruuners and the time of Chinese Pure Poems.


A model describing the rapid melting of spin-polarized $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ for the transient production of polarized liquid is introduced which has as a free parameter the fraction of solid in effective-spin diffusive contact with the liquid. Results are a continuum of melting trajectories which have equal polarizations versus equal equivalent fields for the bulk phases during the melting as the extremes for melting of an initially totally solid sample. The best fit to our recent 8-T melting experiment assumes 2%\char21{}4% surface solid and an enhanced magnetic susceptibility at moderate polarization.


With studies like Discourse Networks 1800/1900 and Gramophone, Film, Typewriter, Friedrich A. Kittler contributed significantly to transforming the history of media into a vital field of inquiry. This essay undertakes to more precisely characterize Kittler's historiographical approach. When we look back on his early contributions to studies of the relationship between literature, madness and truth – among others, his doctoral dissertation on the Swiss poet and writer Conrad Ferdinand Meyer – what strikes us is the significance that Jacques Lacan's structuralist psychoanalysis had in shaping the orientation of Kittler's later studies. His intensive engagement with Lacan galvanized Kittler's concern with the question of sex and/or gender in the evolution of the humanities as well as his concern with the media history of the university. At the same time, Kittler's reliance on Lacan led him to a kind of history that is interested above all in the internal logic of discourse. As we see, for instance, in Kittler's anecdotic treatment of 19th-century physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz, this historiography does not involve any original research in archives and/or museums. Rather, it builds upon existing historical accounts and focuses its analyses on the issue of symbolic structures. Instead of investigating the history of the material culture of science and technology, what is thereby ultimately reinforced is a philosophical idealism in which knowledge and paranoia become superimposed in and by means of an 'original syntax' (Lacan).


The two phase transitions (at 240K and 80K) which occur in stoichiometric BaVS3 as a function of temperature have been investigated by very accurate powder X-ray diffraction data. These data indicate that the 240K transition, where the crystal symmetry is lowered from hexagonal to orthorhombic, is a displacive transition of second-order type. The thermal variations of a0 and b0/ square root 3 show that between 240K and 80K the orthorhombic distortion increases progressively and does not reach saturation even at 80K. The electric-magnetic 80K transition is accompanied by an additional discontinuity of the lattice parameters. This discontinuity is only observed in the basal a0b0 plane, whereas the c0 parameter follows a normal Debye-expansion law. The data strongly indicate that the 80K transition is of first-order type and that the lattice is still orthorhombic below the transition.


Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by low platelet counts and increased bleeding risk. In 2009, two cross‐sectional studies determined that fatigue and cognitive impairment (CI) were common in ITP. Here, we report the results from a longitudinal study of 34 people with ITP. Fatigue severity remained unchanged over 7 years, and CI significantly improved. Future fatigue and CI severity could be predicted using baseline severity scores. These findings may be reassuring for ITP patients, as symptoms remain stable over time. Furthermore, using baseline scores to predict future severity could aid the clinical management of ITP.


In the development of England regulation system,the importance of regulation legislation is obvious.The England government established a series of rules and regulations to realize the governmental regulation on the infrastructure industries and realize the suitable supervision on public enterprise management and privatization reform.Through the independent regulation system,the government will supervise public enterprise effectively.In the natural monopoly industry,the private enterprises will take part in public affairs through competitive bidding.There would be a supply system of public goods with private fund,low-cost and high quality.


Interaction of plasma flows and magnetic field with the formation of a shock wave in nested arrays V. V. Aleksandrov, A. V. Branitsky, A. S. Boldarev, V. A. Gasilov , E. V. Grabovskiy, A. N. Gritsuk, K. N. Mitrofanov, O. G. Olkhovskaya, P. V. Sasorov, A. O. Shishlov 1 Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Fusion Research, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia 2 Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the RAS, Moscow, Russia 3 National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhI', Moscow, Russia The results of plasma compression studies of nested wire and fiber arrays with current flowing through them are presented in this work. Experiments were made on the Angara-5-1 facility with current up to 4 MA. Current implosion of nested arrays represents a unique opportunity to simulate the interaction of a plasma flow with a magnetic field. Different plasma flow regimes in the space between the inner and outer arrays were obtained: subAlfven (Vr<VА), super-Alfven (Vr>VА) and a mode with the formation of a transition region—shock wave (SW)— between the arrays, depending on the radii ratio of the inner and outer arrays. The dependence of these flow regimes on the plasma production rate of the inner and outer arrays is shown. At certain parameters of nested arrays, a quasiclosed shell is formed in the azimuthal direction around the inner array. At the same time, the plasma of the outer array surrounds the inner and stabilizes its compression. The suppression of MRT instabilities during plasma compression of the inner array leads to the formation of a stable, compact Z-pinch and the generation of a short-time soft X-ray pulse.


The present invention relates to the field of fine chemicals, and in particular relates to a method for simultaneous synthesis of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol. The 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate and the 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol can be obtained by transesterification of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate under the effect of an acidic catalyst according to the method. A new method for synthesis of the 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate and the 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol is provided, and according to the situation, product separation can be performed by ordinary distillation or reactive distillation. When the ordinary distillation is used for the product separation, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate conversion rate is 45 to 60%. When the reactive distillation is used for the product separation, the 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate conversion rate is high and can reach 98 to 99%.


The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily currently includes approximately equal numbers of conventional receptors and orphan receptors, which do not have known ligands. Here, we review recent progress from this laboratory on three orphans, two of which are moving from orphan to conventional receptor status. Perhaps the most unusual is CAR, which is a constitutive transactivator in the absence of ligands but becomes transcriptionally inactive in the presence of its ligands, which are androgen metabolites. The response of CAR to its ligands is thus opposite to that of the conventional receptor paradigm. RIP14 (also known as FXR) is activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and a synthetic retinoid previously thought to specifically target the retinoic acid receptors (RARs), and thus appears to be a novel retinoid receptor. Finally, SHP is a novel orphan that lacks a DNA binding domain and interacts with a number of other receptor superfamily members. While it generally inhibits its targets, including CAR, the retinoid X receptor (RXR), and the estrogen receptor (ER), it stimulates transactivation by the orphan SF-1.


The invention relates to a spoke for a spoked wheel having a tapered body extended at each of its ends by a coupling end, each end having an attachment device provided for cooperating with a complementary means of the rim and the hub .The tapered body comprises a sleeve (15) made of a composite material and each hooking end is the end portion of a nozzle (16, 17) embedded in the sheath, the end caps (16, 17) are made of a metal having a density less than 3 (three) .L'invention also concerns the method of manufacturing such beam.


Mr. Weyl has written exactly the sort of book most needed at this crisis—a critical, dispassionate, patriotic study of the fundamental economic, political, and social factors of which American policy must take account and from which it must spring. His grasp of the complex elements of the situation is admirable; unlike too many so-called students he studies the United States in the light of international relationships, of European'history as understood in Europe, instead of dealing with international complexities on the basis of a history of American diplomacy unconsciously founded upon the fiction of isolation. The country stands, he holds, between two choices: nationalistic imperialism and internationalism. He seems to feel that the stronger economic forces now in existence are moving swiftly toward the former, while the ethical preferences of the vast majority of the people unquestionably favor the latter. Unless the present direction of our national growth can be checked and changed, he fears that the economic forces will conquer the idealistic and ethical impulse toward internationalism and launch us forth upon a period of nationalistic imperialism. He is in the truest sense a student of possibilities, a forecaster, not a prophet. His keen unsparing analysis of the premises of isolation and as well of the historical and diplomatic traditions which it has fathered, will hardly be relished by the numerous historians, lawyers and publicists who have cherished those views and who now find it difficult to abandon them. His logic for their renunciation is compelling and convincing.


ABSTRACT The dielectric properties in the vicinity of the isotropic-smectic-C* phase transition in ferroelectric liquid crystals are discussed. The temperature and frequency dependence of the complex dielectric permittivity in both the phases of the transition are calculated. The theoretical phase diagram of the dielectric permittivity is studied.


Since early modern debate about the legitimacy of theatre concerns the question of the author's authority in relation to that of the licensing authorities, and their informers, the fear of misinterpretation generates a self-conscious metadrama which expresses the ambiguity of authority in dramatic structures that aim to manipulate audiences' responses. But, moreover, this metadrama often also acknowledges theatre's own potential for complicity in social control, and is often concerned with the interchangeability of authority figures, informers and author-actors. In Philip Massinger's The Roman Actor, these tensions and interconnections are embodied in the metadramatic representations of the dramatic productions in the tyrannous court of Domitian Caesar which conflate the act of acting with the murderous nature of authority and finally reflect on the nascent and often theatrical court of Charles I itself.


Social media platforms like Twitter can act as a gateway towards understanding people's perspectives and viewpoints during national-level events such as elections. As such, one can estimate how likely a certain candidate's turnout would be in an election from reading targeted sentiments published online. In this study, we collected tweets during the 2019 Philippine midterm elections for senatorial positions and performed cluster-based analysis via k-means paired with SHAP to understand the winnability of a candidate with respect to associated words linked to them on Twitter. Results show multiple cases where candidates have won despite amassing extremely negative comments online.


Realist painting has always been a European tradition of the essence of art.After post-modern Western art and modern art's development,"realistic language" is no longer equated with a simple realist painting,it has relative independence and become the tool to express ideas.Today,the concept has become more important for a realist painting.The image of the significance of generalization has been understood by the world's people through the development of technology integration in the world.It is possible that the realistic language-based art has communicated each other in the world,and the Chinese cultural soil of contemporary society is also very suitable for realistic language growth and use.


We have described the development of Sol-gel mediated-Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (referred to as "SG-SELEX") technique. This method allowed us to isolate aptamers against chemicals with nonsoluble agrochemicals, azoxystrobin. The porous silicon surface was also modified for improving the adhesiveness of sol-gel microdroplets. Through 5 rounds of selection, the high-affinity ssDNA aptamers were generated, and selected ssDNA aptamer ,Azo 5-3, Azo 5-6 and Azo 5-29. Our data demonstrate that the sol-gel is a convenient partitioning and simplified retrieval method in SELEX, and isolated aptamer hold great promise for capturing chemicals as a high sensitive biosensing material.


To the Editor: Expulsion of tracheal rings is a rarely encountered airway catastrophe. The etiologies of tracheal ring expulsion can be traumatic, infectious (bacterial tracheitis, endobronchial tuberculosis),1,2 rheumatologic (relapsing polychondritis), malignant (squamous cell carcinoma), and toxic (external beam radiation). Herein we report a case of acute respiratory failure due to expulsion of tracheal rings in a young male. The case posed a challenge in terms of initial airway stabilization, bronchoscopic evaluation, and further management. A 38-year-old obese male (body mass index of 41.1 kg/m2) with a past medical history of end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis and obstructive sleep apnea initially presented for hemodialysis fistulogram revision 21 days before case report event. Following sedation for this procedure, the patient experienced acute hypoxic respiratory failure requiring emergent intubation that was technically difficult secondary to body habitus. Chest radiograph obtained at this time did not show any evidence of pneumomediastinum. Following extubation, the patient experienced dysphagia and dysphonia, for which he was treated with steroids and conservative management for presumed vocal cord edema. Although the symptoms did not completely resolve, he was stable enough for discharge. One day following discharge, patient had an episode of expectoration of "hard light brown semicircular material" for which he was readmitted to perform a bronchoscopic evaluation of the airways. Before being able to perform the bronchoscopy, he developed acute hypoxic respiratory failure with stridor and required an emergent fiberoptic intubation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation set up was placed on standby in case endotracheal intubation could not be performed. At the time of intubation, multiple fragments of fractured/displaced tracheal rings were found in the proximal to mid trachea and were removed (Fig. 1). Complete collapse of the surrounding tissues in the proximal trachea was noticed with significant tracheomalacia (Fig. 2A). Follow-up CT neck imaging showed loss of typical cartilaginous structure and air within the soft tissue surrounding the tracheal lumen (Fig. 2B). Evaluation for infectious and rheumatological causes of tracheal ring expulsion were unremarkable. At this point, the patient was transferred to a major quaternary care center with more specialized experience. The patient's airway damage was considered too extensive for a primary tracheal repair


Women with visual disability experience problems related to reproductive health, such as menstrual cycle, sexual health, pregnancy, delivery method, breastfeeding and having a child, family planning, visiting for gynecological examination and annual routine check-up, as well as problems related to accessing healthcare services, receiving education and care. When providing education and counseling regarding these problems and their solutions, it is required to utilize tactual and audial materials in order to provide optimal benefit. The act of seeing is responsible for obtaining information and any change in this organ will reduce the individual's capacity. If nurses know the reasons of visual disability and its impact on the individual's learning, this will provide benefit to the formation of educational plans to be arranged for reproductive health. Fact that the brochures and leaflets prepared to inform women about reproductive health are written or vocalized in the Braille Alphabet, enables women with visual disability to reach the information. Nurses should be trained in approaching and providing education and counseling to individuals with visual disability. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the definitions and reasons for a visual disability that affects the way of receiving education/counseling and to raise awareness in nurses related to the problems experienced by women regarding reproductive health and the solutions of these problems.


The transfer of electromagnetic field to the bulk of a layered conductor by charge carriers with a quasi-2D energy spectrum is most effective when the electric field of the wave is polarized along the normal to the layers.


We report a novel class of light-emitting materials for use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs): multifunctional phosphorescent dendrimers that have a phosphorescent core and dendrons based on charge-transporting building blocks. We synthesized first-generation and second-generation dendrimers consisting of a fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium [Ir(ppy)3] core and hole-transporting phenylcarbazole-based dendrons. Smooth amorphous films of these dendrimers were formed by spin-coating them from solutions. The OLEDs using the dendrimer exhibited bright green or yellowish-green emission from the Ir(ppy)3 core. The OLEDs using the film containing a mixture of the dendrimer and an electron-transporting material exhibited higher efficiency than those using the neat dendrimer film. The external quantum efficiency of OLEDs using the film containing a mixture of the first-generation dendrimer and an electron-transporting material was as high as 7.6%.


The demand for new or expanded computer-based information systems far exceeds the capacity of present DP organizations to meet this demand. Assuming that a massive expansion of DP personnel is not feasible, one solution is to make existing computer professionals more productive; and efforts in this direction have met with a fair measure of success. Another approach is to allow end users to function as their own developers. In this way, the programmer "middle man" is eliminated and users can create and modify their own applications as the need arises. Not only does this help relieve the DP department's development workload, but it also helps lessen the maintenance load. However, to accomplish this transfer of application development from DP professional to DP user, certain key variables must be understood.

This article discusses these variables, including the nature of the development process, a user classification scheme, the scope and orientation of systems, and the respective roles of design and maintenance in the applications development life cycle. In particular, the misunderstood mature of "maintenance" is explored, as well as the potential value of the use of application prototypes. Finally, there is a discussion of specific tools and techniques that may aid the end user in acting as application developer.


The selective transport of a target metal ion across a membrane from a donor to an acceptor solution is an attractive concept for preconcentration or separation in a flow injection (FI) system. How...


For the indicators of the variable load rate and load regulation accuracy of Jiangsu Guoxin Yangzhou Power Generation Co.Ltd.#3、#4 600 MW supercritical units failing to meet the operational requirements of Jiangsu Power Grid,a predictive control strategy for boiler heat load is proposed,which is using the predictive control technology and based on the dynamic mathematical model of coordinating the controlled process of in multiple load point set.The rate of units changing load is improved by adjusting the speed of boiler load instruction.The load accuracy compensation control technology based on the fuzzy rules is used to modify the turbine load instruction,the load deviation of unit is removed quickly and the accuracy of unit' s load is improved effectively.Practical application shows that the unit load regulation quality is improved by the new optimal control strategy,which meets the needs of power grid running.And the stability of the unit's operation is improved by reducing the fluctuations of the main operating parameters,such as the main steam pressure,main steam temperature and so on.


In the age of digital technologies, the main factor of competitiveness in the financial market is "digital capital". Using developments in the field of information technology, banks change the format and methods of providing their products and services, participate in the provision of services that are not typical for them. In such circumstances, banks have to completely transform their business and build it on the basis of platforms. Changes in the operating conditions of the financial market entail changes in the rules of conduct on it and approaches to its regulation. Investing in technologies, creating and developing ecosystems require significant financial investments from banks, which not all banks can afford. This research analyzes the possibilities of using digital capital by the most successful Russian banks in building and developing ecosystems. The main models of banking ecosystems used in Russian practice are systematized. The necessity of state participation in financial support of the digital transformation of the banking sector is justified. The steps taken by the Bank of Russia in this direction are evaluated. The article summarizes the Bank of Russia's efforts to develop approaches to financial market regulation to ensure information security and prevent financial isolation. Steps taken by the regulator to ensure an equal access to financial services for all citizens, equal opportunities for competition of various financial market players.


The medicinal plants are widely used by the traditional medical practitioners for curing various diseases in their day to day practice. Flacourtia indica (Flacourtiaceae) is the most useful traditional medicinal plant in India. It is now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines and targeting against various diseases. Each part (leaves, bark, stem, fruits, root and even whole plant) of the Flacourtia indica has demonstrated several pharmacological activities including Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, Antimalarial, Anti-Diabetic, Anti asthmatic and Antibacterial Activity. The present review highlights a literature on botanical and pharmacological discussion of Flacourtia indica.


This study examines the current status of 21 virtual university libraries in Korea and explores the possibilities of establishing a national-level central digital library through which these libraries could share resources. Interviews were conducted with 16 virtual university administrators to investigate their opinions and requirements of a central digital library. It was found that many virtual university libraries do not provide sufficient library resources and services due to a lack of qualified librarians and necessary funds. The interviewed administrators were willing to participate in a central digital library initiative to benefit from joint acquisition of databases and resource sharing, but they wanted to ensure local autonomy and control in managing their digital library sites. Therefore, the present study proposes a hosting model in which shared applications and resources reside on a central server and users from different universities access them remotely through the interfaces of individual library sites.


The importance of self-study in the professional training of future teachers of fine arts, methods for performing practical tasks to acquire theoretical knowledge, practical skills and competencies of a student in the field of drawing, painting and composition, consistent and orderly work of teachers of higher educational institutions are about the process.


Objective To detect the expression of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) in acute lymphoblasticleukemia(ALL)and evaluate the relationship between P-gp expression and prognosis of ALL.Methods The expression of anti-glycoprotein monoantibody:UIC2 and CD3,CD5,CD7,CD10,CD19,CD13,CD14,CD33,CD34 in 40 patients was defected with direct immunofluorescence assays by Flow Cytometry.The leukemia cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow should be more than fifty percent.The cell lineage of non-drug resistance,K_(562),was used as negative control.Results Sixteen patients in 40 expressed P-gp.P-gp positive rate in myeloid antigen positive cases was 33.3%.P-gp positive rate in myeloid antigen negative cases was 45.5%,P0.05.Four cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressed CD7 and P-gp at the same time.Treatment was effective in ten of sixteen cases in P-gp positive group and effective in 20 of 24 cases in Pgp negative group(P(0.05)),while six cases in P-gp positive cases relapsed in six months.Conclusion P-gp positive rate in ALL is 40%.There is not relationship between expression of P-gp and myeloid antigens.The P-gp expression correlates with the CD7 expression.The P-gp expression correlates with chemotherapeutic effect in ALL.P-gp positive cases are prone to relapsing earlier.


A lot of research has been conducted in finding other alternative material in order to be used as a modifier in asphalt mixes for the purpose of improving its properties. This study presents a laboratory evaluation on the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) using recycled crumb rubber as an additive. Fine crumb rubber (0.150mm to 0.425mm) recycled from discarded truck tires, was used to modify asphalt mixes using Marshall Mix design through dry process. The aggregate gradation used was AC14. The percentages of crumb rubber added were 1 and 3 percent by weight of the total aggregates. Then, samples were prepared and tested for Indirect Tensile Strength Test and Cantabro Test. Based on the result, it was observed that the performance of HMA mixes was significantly affected with the addition of crumb rubber. Rubber modified asphalt mixes were found to have better Stability and resistance to stone loss at high frequency compared to conventional mix. The results also indicate that one percent of crumb rubber added gave better overall performance


In complex operation systems, the processes of rendering technical objects roadworthy are carried out at specifically designed technical infrastructure posts. The possibility of carrying out the assigned service and repair tasks depends on the availability and the number of such posts. The article presents the method of defining the operational availability of technical infrastructure posts required for appropriate functioning of assigned service and repair task. Then typical calculation results are presented in charts prepared on the basis of data obtained from tests at existing transport means operation system.


Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an economically important fruit crop of tropics and subtropics. It has high nutritional value, as well as medicinal and industrial applications. Papaya is a polygamous species with three sex types male, female, and hermaphrodite. Conventional methods of papaya breeding are time consuming and needs advent of anther culture which may be effective for shortening of breeding cycles. The present study on in vitro androgenesis in papaya cv. Pusa Nanha observed the highest embryo induction rate (8.0%) when anthers werecultured on agar medium with 0.1 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA after incubation in liquid MS medium with 2.0% sucrose for 7 days at 35ÂoC. The high temperature (35ÂoC) was more suitable for embryo induction in papaya than slightly low temperature (25ÂoC). At these both temperatures longer incubation of anthers in water reduced embryo induction rate. Sugar starvation results were ambiguous. Shoots were also developed in the media when used in liquid form. The highest rooting (75.0%) was observed at 2.0 mg/L IBA. Increasing IBA concentration reduced rooting. All well rooted plants were hardened in hardening chamber and successfully transferred to field. The present findings indicated that anther culture can be efficiently contributed for the direct micro-propagation of papaya plants. This study would also be helpful to the researchers to develop more efficient anther culture protocols for further improvement of papaya through in vitro androgenesis.


Research on the flight behavior of electrons and ions in a gas under an electric field has recently moved in a direction of clarifying the mechanism of the spatiotemporal development of a swarm, but the symbolic unknown state function \(f(r,c,t)\) of the Boltzmann equation has not been obtained in an explicit form. However, a few papers on the spatiotemporal development of an electron swarm using the Monte Carlo simulation have been published. On the other hand, a new simulation procedure for obtaining the lifelong state function \(F_{\text{fT}}(t,x,\varepsilon )\) and local transport quantities \(J(t,x,\varepsilon )\) of electrons in the three domains of time t, one-dimensional position x, and energy e under arbitrary initial and boundary conditions has been developed by extending the flight-time-integral (FTI) methods previously reported and is named the 3D-FTI method. A preliminary calculation has shown that this method can extensively provide the flight behavior of individual electrons in a swarm and ...


It was registered for the first time the occurrence of fruit flies Anastrepha serpentina (Wied.) and Anastrepha leptozona Hendel (Dip.: Tephritidae) on abiu, Pouteria caimito (Sapotaceae) in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Infested fruits were picked up from the Collection of Exotic and Native Tropical Fruits, installed in Pariquera-Acu County. Also, it was found emerged specimens of Neosilba glaberrima (Wied.) (Lonchaeidae) in the same field.


an incentive program on this indicator is easily apparent: As the unit return on investment (usually management assets) increases, so does the return to the stockholder and the nonowner manager, so an executive's total compensation should vary directly with the performance of the unit that his decisions affect. Aside from this logic, the reasons so many corporations utilize ROI in determining variable compensation probably include the simple fact that this measurement device is already in use in most companies; financial planning and unit performance appraisal using ROI have been popular since the Du Pont introduction of the technique. By extension, using it in compensation policies has become an accepted corpor-


The present invention discloses an online low nitrogen enriched compound of formula combustion energy system, comprising mounted on a chain-type coal fired boiler and the hierarchical branch into coal-fired boiler grate chain line and the end points of the coal pre-selected integrated coal hopper and a pre-integrated coal bucket sorting out the last coal drying, air drying and preheated conveying heat exchanger preheater, and preheater heat exchanger and the dry phase and the pre-drying the last heat exchanger drying coal refinement refined coal sorting apparatus and a sorting means sorting by refining refined coal quality after sorting coal into coal-fired boiler furnace chain low nitrogen enriched coal burner. Simple structure, reasonable design and use of effective, low-quality coal can be processed online, at the lowest cost, optimal use of energy-saving technology to improve the efficiency of the use of low quality coal, reducing energy waste and reduce the cost.


Before COVID we happily took a train to our workplace without wearing a mask, leaving our computer at home. We used email and the phone to link to people. With relative abandon, we vacuumed up a vast range of digital technology from frivolous fitness apps to multiple office screen processes likes Microsoft Teams and Zoom. We often failed to distinguish between what was simply playful and what was actually useful, even though that too is a shifting plane. We gave little or no thought to the looming age of the disadvantaged or, equally problematic, the potentially privileged COVID cyborg described in Galloway's essay in this collection. To cite one example of how our excitement for the digital transformation has both lacked sophistication and been co-opted for change, consider TikTok. This young person's video song and dance trivia app has become so successful as political satire that the President of the United States (who probably first watched it for the song and dance moves) has now rushed into CAPS LOCK to threaten its prohibition. Who could have anticipated that? For some this sort of transformation will always present opportunities. For others it is deeply uncomfortable, if not downright threatening. As COVID continues to bite, this embrace of digital technologies is undergoing upheaval and re-evaluation. We witness it unsettling our working lives and our personal relationships, our faith in medical interventions, and our rather casual (very Australian) respect for the law. We are asking ourselves – is this healthy? who benefits? who loses? who looks after the lost? This Alternative Law Journal collection responds to these questions. Many facets of the legal landscape are considered. A starting point is found in considering the app COVIDsafe. What are the privacy implications when we are told that embracing an app which telegraphs our every move to some faceless government server is good health policy (Lodders and Paterson)? Telegraphing and even collapsing COVID and climate change problematics, is it good to be able to shift seamlessly from emergency to action without considering what this means for accountability (Boughey)? How do we, as a democracy, respond to the accountability puzzle when our parliaments are not sitting? More particularly how did we get here without being able to deploy technology, legally, to make it possible for politicians to sit and vote remotely? In the 21st century, this is a rather perplexing problem when every child has a tablet and knows how to use it, and every parent has been able to censor what they watch for at least a decade. Is COVID now forcing us to adjust hastily when we should have already adapted, thoughtfully and carefully? Those among us who are curious to know what all the fuss is about will be impressed with, and concerned about, the analysis of the role our human rights Acts can and should take in responding to COVID (Evans and Petrie). For those who are complaining about the impact of border closures or mask directions on their constitutional rights, this essay might prove a revelation. Think back to the time before COVID. Consider how we relied upon a raft of parliamentary committees to do their near-invisible work of holding the executive to account. Moulds' essay confronts us with questions of what we are doing without that level of scrutiny and how powerful they are as we pause (freeze) parliamentary sittings. A cautionary 'state of emergency' case study from Tasmania illustrates the complexity of the issues. There the Subordinate Legislation Committee which is intended to manage crises like COVID is limited by overly prescriptive interpretation and is arguably not mobile or modern enough to deal with the challenges (Gogarty and Appleby). Is it the case that, as we struggled to source ventilators, we should have been considering putting our legal machinery on life support? Do not relax. If we thought the courts could provide the level of flexibility required to deal with this crisis McIntyre, Olijnyk and Pender consider online justice and dispute resolution with a 'cold eye', providing both


The purposes of this research are to argue that the Gospel of Matthew uses the term ekklēsia with spiritual and physical meanings and that this term is based on God's invitation through Jesus to all people to come into this assembly. The implication is that this ekklēsia will be filled with all people with different ethnicities, nations, languages, sexes, level of piousness and educations. I will employ word studies, historical background studies, and the literary structure of Matthew as my methodology to reach these goals.


The adsorption and desorption characteristics of 117Snm(Ⅳ)EDTMP on collage are studied, and compared with that on HA. The results show that the effects of pH and temperature on adsorption of 117Snm(Ⅳ)EDTMP on collagen are similar to those on HA, and that the adsorption epuilibrium and adsorption model of 117Snm(Ⅳ)EDTMP on collagen are completely different from those on HA; 117SnmEDTMP absorbed on collagen are extremely stable and almost couldn't be desorbed with normal saline or EDTMP.


In situ photoemission and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) techniques have been used to study the interaction of CO2 with an ionic liquid thin film. A thin film of the superbasic ionic liquid (SBIL) trihexyltetradecylphosphonium benzimidazolide ([P66614][benzim]) was prepared on a rutile TiO2 (110) surface and exposed to CO2 at near-ambient pressures. NEXAFS measurements combined with density functional theory calculations indicate a realignment of [benzim]− anions from 27° from the surface normal to 54° upon exposure to CO2. Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) shows evidence of irreversible CO2 absorption in thin films of [P66614][benzim] and a greater concentration of CO2-reacted anions in the deeper layers. These results give a new perspective on CO2 uptake in ionic liquids and fundamental interactions at the liquid–gas interface. Understanding this interfacial behavior is important for developing ILs for gas capture applications and may influence the performance of other IL-based technologies.


Growing a large vocabulary is one of the most important tasks of language learners and yet research reports on low levels of lexical knowledge for English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. In EFL contexts, textbooks are a vital source of exposure to English and the words that are worth learning. The New Concept English textbook series is widely used in China by large numbers of learners in secondary schools and cram schools, and in preparation for university studies. This study finds that while learners will encounter mostly high-frequency vocabulary in these books, they will need to know between 3000 and 6000 word families to cope with these texts, and Book 4 requires 1000 more word families than Book 3. Science-related texts in the books contribute to the vocabulary load because they contain a large proportion of low-frequency words used only once and have a higher vocabulary load than humanities texts. There are opportunities for learning mid-frequency vocabulary in these textbooks. Limitations of current research and suggestions for future research are also presented.


Polyclinic is one of the community service unit that operates in the field of health. A clinic that offers health care facilities that specialize to outpatient care. The main goal of the clinic is to serve the patient to be treated, and is the main activity, for the provision of information to support and improve the system is in need. Computer-based information system will be very different from the information system is done manually. Data processing is still manual, how it works will be very slow and takes time to be able menyelesaikannya.Perancangan information system was created with the PHP programming language and MySQL as database. Data management in the clinic is one important component in establishing an information system in the clinic. Management of data manually, has many drawbacks, besides take a long time, its accuracy is also less acceptable, expected with data management information system is to be replaced by a computerized manual.


Liquid xenon is potentially a very powerful cold dark matter (CDM) detector because (a) it provides good timing discrimination between possible WIMP induced scintillation pulses and the local photon background and (b) it provides good amplitude discrimination in the ionisation signals. We describe development work on light collection, timing and prototype construction of a detector for the Boulby mine CDM array using this technique.


Nucleation and growth of crystallites are induced by the shockwave of a single laser nanosecond pulse in highly supersaturated solutions of potassium nitrate (saltpeter). The kinetics of the turbid...


A beam and slab bridge that makes use of precast, prestressed panels was investigated. For this type of bridge, both the panels and the beams are precast and prestressed in the casting yard. In the bridge structure, the panels span the transverse distance between beams and serve as forms for the cast-in-place portion of the deck. They remain in place to become an integral part of the continuous structural slab. Composite action is obtained when the deck elements and the beams are bonded together by the cast-in-place concrete. Tests were made to determine the ability of this type of bridge to distribute wheel loads in a satisfactory manner and to behave as a composite unit. A full-scale, simple span, prestressed panel concrete bridge was constructed and structurally tested in the laboratory. The bridge was subjected to cyclic applications of design loads and finally to static failure loads. It performed satisfactorily under all load conditions. Several bridges of this type have been in service in Texas for 10 years and have performed well.


Professor Will Steffen is a climate change expert and researcher at the Australian National University, Canberra. He was on the panel of experts supporting the Multi-Party Climate Change Committee, has served as the science adviser to the Australian Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency and chairs the Antarctic Science Advisory Committee.


: Due to original sedimentary environments and accumulation processes, oil and gas reservoir are usually of great in-homogeneity. After the later-stage reservoir stimulation measures, the formation property of near-well zone and distant-well zone are often quite different. In order to characterize this kind of reservoir more accurately, the reservoir can be radially treated as composite reservoir with different zones. Based on method of variables separation to solve conventional flow problems, the pressure solution is originally obtained for radially dual composite reservoir by using the same method. This case enlarged the application of variables separation method for solving flow problems in oil and gas reservoir, and these work is also of great significance for evaluation of composite reservoirs.


This paper presents a proposed methodology to account for cyclic plastic response of the thin shell ANDES and line-spring finite elements. A through thickness integration scheme is employed for the shell element and stress resultant plasticity is used for the line-spring element. A simplified contact formulation to account for crack closure in the line-spring element is also presented. Numerical comparisons between the proposed models and detailed 3D analyses (pipes) are carried out and presented herein. A comparison between the present implementation and large scale experiment of a surface cracked pipe subjected to large cyclic plastic strains is also presented. The purpose of the presented implementation is to account for cyclic loading in pipeline technology where significant amount of plasticity in the loading cycles occurs.


The governing mechanism for a self-bending of Ge/Si bilayer epitaxial nanofilms that results in the formation of various nanostructures (nanotube, nanohelix, etc.) has been investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of misfit stress between Ge and Si layers, surface stress due to the surface reconstruction and the anisotropy of elastic modulus on the bending behavior and the effect of film thickness on the relative strength of the individual factors are clarified. All experimentally and theoretically reported results that show sometimes a mutual disagreement could be reconciled, which enabled a more elaborate control of nanostructure formation.


O ut of 30 clinical specimens isolated from patients with dermatophytosis in the Dermatology unit of the General Hospital in Kalar distric\Sulaimania province\ North region of Iraq, five clinical isolates showed positive results for dermatophytes, four of them were identified as Trichophyton mentagrophytes characterized by the production of white colonies at the surface and brown color at the reverse. Primarily, the colonies appeared with cottony texture and after two weeks changed to powdery-granular colonies. Microscopic examination appeared numerous single-celled, spherical shaped microconidia were seen as clustered on both sides of hyphae. Multiseptate cigar shaped macroconidia and spiral hyphae were seen during the formation of granular colonies. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was positive for urease and hair perforation testes. Molecular identification according to the conventional PCR by using set primers ITS1 and ITS4 resulted in PCR product about 700bp in all isolates. PCR-RFLP by using BstN1 digestion enzyme revealed four pattern bands 250,180,150 and 120bp. Sequencing of the ITS region in one of the isolates, Trichophyton mentagrophytes revealed similarity of about 86% with Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolate ATCC11481 regarding the following parameters: internal transcribed spacer 1, partial sequence; 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence; and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence. 2) Sequencing Results: Sequencing of the ITS region in one of the isolated T.mentagrophytes revealed similarity about 86% with Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolate ATCC11481


By introducing two pairs of conjugate(p,q) and(r,s),we give a generalization of Hilbert infinite series inequality with the best constant factor with the method of weight coefficients.As application,the corresponding equivalent form is given.


ovaries we found that new growths of connective tissue had been developed in their stroma, containing in some places myxomatous tissue. Since ovarian connective-tissue tumours seldom occur, and much difference of opinion exists as to their origin, as is shown by the work of Leopold,1 so we took much interest in this case, as the swelling has not yet been described which here presented itself. After the false membrane was removed from the


To design the control system of PMSM, the state equation by the d-q coordinate system which set d-axis as the direction of the magnet of PMSM is used. Because, by the current of d-axis and q-axis is controlled appropriately, various control systems can be constituted and this coordinate system is convenient. Moreover, since inductance does not change with rotation angles, there is also an advantage that a formula becomes simple. The state equation by other coordinate systems is hardly discussed. In this paper, while summarizing the difference among these coordinate systems, the state equation of the three phase coordinate system in PMSM is proposed. And, the simulation results of the above vector control system using the three phase coordinate and the coordinate will be presented. キーワード:PMモータ,状態方程式,電圧電流方程式,座標変換,ベクトル制御 Keyword : permanent magnet motor, state equation, voltage current equation, coordinate transformation, vector control


The authors make a very nice analysis of the first two aircraft missions into developing typhoon Nuri, employing both dropsonde and ELDORA radar data. This follows our similar analysis of this system, presented in Raymond and López (2011; RL11) and Raymond, Sessions, and López (2011; RSL11). Not surprisingly, their analysis is constructed to test their hypotheses about tropical cyclogenesis, which focus on the storm-relative circulation center near 850 hPa ( ≈ 1 . 5 km). This differs from our analysis, which focuses on the vorticity evolution in the mid-troposphere ( ≈ 500 hPa). I will not argue that one or the other of these hypotheses is correct in this review. However, I am concerned that the authors make certain allegations about our analysis and come to certain conclusions that are not supported by the data. I think that the paper is worthy of publication once these issues are addressed.


As data become more precise, estimating theoretical uncertainties in
global PDF determinations is likely to become increasingly necessary
to obtain correspondingly precise PDFs. Here we present a soon-to-be-released next
generation of global proton PDFs (NNPDF4.0) that include theoretical
uncertainties due to the use of heavy nuclear and
deuteron data in the fit. We estimate these uncertainties by comparing
the values of the
nuclear observables computed with the nuclear PDFs against those
computed with proton PDFs. For heavy nuclear PDFs we use the
nuclear nNNPDF2.0 set, while for deuteron PDFs we develop an iterative
procedure to determine proton and deuteron PDFs simultaneously, each
including the uncertainties in the other. Accounting for nuclear
uncertainties resolves some of the tensions in the global fit of the
proton PDFs, especially those between the nuclear data and the
extended LHC data set used in NNPDF4.0.


Introduction As the accurate diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is of increasing importance; new diagnostic approaches for the assessment of GDM in early pregnancy were recently suggested. We evaluate the diagnostic power of an 'early' oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 75 g and glycosylated fibronectin (glyFn) for GDM screening in a normal cohort. Methods and analysis In a prospective cohort study, 748 singleton pregnancies are recruited in 6 centres in Switzerland, Austria and Germany. Women are screened for pre-existing diabetes mellitus and GDM by an 'early' OGTT 75 g and/or the new biomarker, glyFn, at 12–15 weeks of gestation. Different screening strategies are compared to evaluate the impact on detection of GDM by an OGTT 75 g at 24–28 weeks of gestation as recommended by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG). A new screening algorithm is created by using multivariable risk estimation based on 'early' OGTT 75 g and/or glyFn results, incorporating maternal risk factors. Recruitment began in May 2014. Ethics and dissemination This study received ethical approval from the ethics committees in Basel, Zurich, Vienna, Salzburg and Freiburg. It was registered under http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02035059) on 12 January 2014. Data will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT02035059.


Many environmental regulatory jurisdictions worldwide specify the maximum soil contamination mass burdens that may occur without prompting a regulatory response. For residential surface soils, these regulatory guidance values (RGVs) are generally based on human (often child) health risks from inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure to contamination. RGVs have been promulgated for more than 1,200 soil contaminants. Of these, naphthalene is the most frequently regulated contaminant. The 234 known naphthalene RGVs range from a minimum of 0.0289 mg/kg to a maximum of 16,000 mg/kg and span 5.7 orders of magnitude. Analysis illustrates that, although there are small non-random clusters of values, and there may be statistically significant differences between the values used in the U.S. and elsewhere around the world, the overall distribution of numbers strongly resembles (r = 0.9953) that of a log-normal random variable. Results of Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis applied to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency risk model are presented to approximate the range of the naphthalene RGV span that can be attributed to uncertainty in cancer or non-cancer risk formulations. Uncertainty in the cancer risk formulation could account for approximately 41% of the RGVs. Uncertainty in the non-cancer risk formulation could account for a different 22% of the RGVs, but the cancer risk model generally yields the binding (lowest) value. The implications of these widely variable RGVs for health risk and remediation costs are discussed and methods of reducing variability are suggested.


OBJECTIVE:To explore the hospital preparations positioning and development direction of our hospital.METHODS: According to the fundamental method of drug utilization,the amount,consumption sum and DDDs of hospital preparations in our hospital from 2010 to 2012 were statistically analyzed to explore the characteristic and orientation.RESULTS:The preparation and utilization of our hospital preparations remained stable overall during 2010 to 2012. The consumption sum of TCM preparations accounted for more than 70% of the total and had shown central tendency;the consumption sum and DDDs of the characteristic TCM preparations, such as Huzhang jiedu granules,Ruxian tongluo sanjie granules,had shown good growth trend. The western medicine preparation decreased slightly;the amount of western medicine preparations which took up the front place in the list of amount had declined,such as Calamine and menthol lotion,Compound menthol nasal drops. The amount of Sodium bromide and glycyrrhiza oral solution and Magnesium sulfate oral solution had a tendency to increase. End-of-life preparations were Atropine sulfate eye drops,Compound chloramphenicol lotion and other 2 drugs,and they were resulted from the supply question of raw materials and low consumption.CONCLUSIONS:With continue to maintain the stability of existing formulations production,actively developing TCM preparations with characteristics,the medication needs could be met. It's also the survival and development direction of hospital preparations in the future.


Background  A new retinoid, bexarotene (Targretin®), was recently investigated in a large multicentre trial for its efficacy and safety in psoriasis. Bexarotene is a novel retinoid X receptor (RXR)‐selective ligand.