Objective: to compare the forms and clinical course of primary hypeparathyroidism in hospitalized patients over a ten-year period, with patients identified by a routine analysis of blood calcium in Arkhangelsk region.Material and methods: At the first stage, a retrospective analysis of 48 case histories of patients who received inpatient treatment for PHPT in two multidisciplinary hospitals in Arkhangelsk from 2005 to 2015 was carried out. At the second stage, a screening of blood calcium was performed in patients of large outpatient clinic in Arkhangelsk from March 1 to March 31, 2015, as a result of which 21 cases of the first established PHPT were detected. A comparative analysis of the clinical course was carried out in two groups of patients with PHPT compared with the control group.Results: patients with PHPT detected during screening showed a higher incidence of mild forms of the disease (38 %), a higher level of bone mineral density in all parts of the skeleton according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and a lower incidence of nephrolithiasis (24 % vs. 69 %) compared with hospitalized patients, among which the manifest forms of the disease prevailed (88 %), fibrocystic osteitis was detected in 44 % of cases, and coral nephrolithiasis - in 10% of cases.Conclusion: a routine study of blood calcium levels helps to identify primary hyperparathyroidism at earlier stages to prevent the development of severe complications and invalidisation of patients.


The refrigerator has other irreversible factors such as heat leak besides the irreversibility of the transfer. This paper furthur dis- cusses the effect of heat leak on the performance of the refigerator. The result is the optimization criterion of the refrigerator which offers theoretical basis of the optimization design of Carnot refrigerators.


In the paper plastic flow is considered as a direct and reverse martensitic FCC-BCC-FCC transformation. In the approximation of small deformation we calculate the distortion tensor of this transformation using localized deformation bands with the 60°-reorien-tation of the crystal lattice, which form in rolling of austenitic steels, as an example. Contributions of different deformation modes and crystal reorientation into total transformation distortion are analyzed.


Includes description about the author, description about "Erba' drammi", list of cast and crew, programme, description of characters opinion and description about the play.


Background: In developed countries, stroke is the third most common cause of mortality, following cancer and coronary heart disease. The increase risk is often seen in individuals with diabetes and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes (including higher mortality). That's why assessment of risk factors for stroke are important.Methods: This age and sex matched hospital based case control study assessed the risk factors of ischemic stroke in tertiary care hospital for a period of one year. Sample size was calculated for matched case control (1:1 ratio) by n-master software and came out to be 189 pairs. All patients under WHO case definition were enrolled as cases for study purpose, controls were selected from the same hospital with disease other than stroke. Analysis was conducted through calculation of odd ratio (OR) and confidence internal (CI) by using SPSS 22.0 program. Odds ratio (OR) of risk factor was calculated using bivariate analysis.Results: Results revealed that male: female ratio among the case and control was 2.1:1, mean age of case and control were 58.86±13.03 and 58.21±12.67. Out of 189 Case, 59 (31.2%) were suffering from diabetes, while only 39 (20.6%) controls were having diabetes mellitus. P value was 0.02, which is significant.Conclusions: In the present hospital based case control study, it was found that diabetes mellitus was a significant risk factor among the ischemic stroke patients.


This paper presents an analytical study about two Resource Scheduling Techniques, Round Robin and Proportional Fair, for downlink LTE based on mobility. A Heterogeneous Network scenario has been considered to simulate the system model using Vienna LTE-A Downlink System Level Simulator v2.0 Q3 2018. In order to evaluate the performance, both stationary and moving users are considered. In terms of average UE (User End) throughput and average UE spectral efficiency, it is observed that, RR performs better in lower velocities while PF outperforms in higher velocities. A new switching technique suitable for the system has been proposed at the end of the paper.


This research aims to describe the use of car toys with Videos (TwV) in introducing Kinematics. This research specifically also provides information on the advantages and disadvantages of using TwV in learning Physics. This research was conducted at the Indonesia Railway Academy (IRA) - Madiun in the railway transportation management program, taking Physics classes A and B (46 students). A pre-test and a post-test of the concept of kinematics were given to determine the influence of TvW. It can be concluded that the use of TvW increases the kinematics conception test scores with N-Gain (0.44). The weaknesses in the TvW media can stimulate the emergence of the cognitive conflict and higher order thinking skills in which the students are required to discuss the causes of the incompatibility of experimental results with the theory.


Such a dedication has a way of bringing a smile to our lips; so much is afoot here in what is, for Brown, a typically mischievous way. Obviously, Big Boy was a character, a roustabout, a "terribly unemployed dude" as Toni Morrison would remark. Evidently, however, he was much more than a colourful vagrant in the eyes of some, those folks including Sterling Brown, the author and persona. While Brown appreciates and often reveres the "characters" in our shops and churches, neighbourhoods and towns, and while he often writes about them, he rarely if ever dedicates poems to them. This poem is dedicated to Big Boy because he was not merely a character but a friend and guide, not merely an entertainer but an artist, and most particularly because he was a singer and hence creator of community even though, in the eyes of the law, he was a man with no visible means of support. Brown's dedication is therefore in some sense ironic: the town is not necessarily the community-especially as community may be constituted and defined by shared performances of expressive culture; the law is not necessarily the will of the people; the unemployed and allegedly idle are not necessarily bereft of direction and values and without employment of another kind. It is also a dedication that is sincere. Big Boy's example gave Sterling Brown a clear understanding of how to begin to create a written art which would not only portray or "call the names" of the folk but also perform the didactic functions of communal expressive culture. Quite to the point, "When de Saints" does not merely portray Big Boy-any more than Brown's "Ma Rainey" merely portrays that great singer. Instead, it offers, through its evocation of a communal performance of "When de Saints" inspired by Big Boy, a blueprint for a new poetry in what we inadequately call the folk manner.


We clarified the influence of grounding resistance on the effectiveness of lightning protection for power distribution lines with a ground wire (GW) and surge arresters (SAs) by EMTP analysis and experiments. The results indicated that power distribution lines with both a GW and SAs can increase the lightning protection level against direct hits without lowering the grounding resistance compared with using only SAs. A cost reduction and the improvement of the electric supply reliability can be expected by exchanging part of the grounding cost with the installation of a lot of lightning protection devices on power distribution lines.


Computational icing analysis results were compared to experimental icing tunnel data including aerothermal (e.g., dry air) and supercooled water droplet rime-ice conditions from tests conducted in early 2022 at the NASA Icing Research Tunnel (IRT). The Simulated Inter-compressor Duct Research Model (SIDRM) test article was used in this study, and its geometry represents the inter-compressor duct region of a turbofan engine. The test article's purpose is to study the physics of supercooled water icing and ice crystal icing. This study compared three different icing codes: FENSAP-ICE (Eulerian approach), LEWICE3D (Lagrangian approach), and GlennICE (Lagrangian approach). All three icing codes were conducted on SIDRM's complex body flow-field and compared to different experimental supercooled water rime runs. The test article instrumentation (pressure taps, thermocouples, etc.) and 3D laser scans of final ice shapes were used to compare against the different icing code simulations. The overall objectives are to understand how the icing codes handle capturing collection efficiency on the complex test article's unheated surfaces. In the aerothermal cases, pressure tap readings matched the CFD results, but dry air CFD underpredicted thermocouple readings. Collection efficiency results from all three icing codes matched well together on the main body leading edge, main body slope, and the strut leading edges. Rime experimental collection efficiency was calculated from the raw 3D laser scan of the ice shape using a traditional equation. Results showed different matches to the icing codes at the main body nose, ramp, and strut leading edges. All three icing codes underpredicted the final ice shape using a single-shot constant ice density approach, with more difficulty coming from the strut leading edge ice shape due to the swept wing like flow field. NASA's overall goal for this effort is to develop computational icing tools to assist in the design and certification of engines for flight in icing conditions.


Nano-Nb2O5·nH2O/C was prepared in a mixed solution of glycol and niobium oxalate.The reaction products and reaction process were characterized by TG/DSC,FTIR,XRD and TEM.The results showed that Nb2O5·nH2O which contains adsorbed water,crystal water and structural water was distributed on the surface of C uniformly.The reaction process was niobium oxalate and glycol formed niobium chelate complex,which was decomposed by heating,and then Nb2O5·nH2O was obtained by the reaction of the decomposition product and ammonia.


Objective: To describe a novel measure of EEG signal variability that distinguishes cognitive brain states. Method: We describe a novel characterization of amplitude variability in the EEG signal termed "High Variability Periods" or "HVPs", defined as segments when the standard deviation of a moving window is continuously higher than the quartile cutoff. We characterize the parameter space of the metric in terms of window size, overlap, and threshold to suggest ideal parameter choice and compare its performance as a discriminator of brain state to alternate single channel measures of variability such as entropy, complexity, harmonic regression fit, and spectral measures. Results: We show that the average HVP duration provides a substantially distinct view of the signal relative to alternate metrics of variability and, when used in combination with these metrics, significantly enhances the ability to predict whether an individual has their eyes open or closed and is performing a working memory and Raven's pattern completion task. In addition, HVPs disappear under anesthesia and do not reappear in early periods of recovery. Conclusions: HVP metrics enhance the discrimination of various brain states and are fast to estimate. Significance: HVP metrics can provide an additional view of signal variability that has potential clinical application in the rapid discrimination of brain states.


Purpose: When common organisms present with uncommon phenotypes, reliance on phenotype can compromise accurate identification. The use of 16s rRNA gene sequences to study bacterial phylogeny, and taxonomy has been the most common housekeeping genetic marker. The aim of our study was to identify "difficult" and notorious uropathogen such as Acinetobacter through multiple identification methods. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted for the period of 6 months in the year 2015 in the Department of Microbiology of a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital. A total of 345 clean catch, midstream urine samples obtained from patients suspected of urinary tract infection were subjected to microscopy and culture. Uropathogens isolated from the culture-positive samples were identified to species level through conventional, automated, and molecular methods. Results: A total of 123 uropathogens were isolated from 118 culture-positive samples. Among them, 81.3% isolates were Gram-negative bacteria, 14.6% were Gram-positive bacteria, and 23.5% were Candida species. Four (3.2%) Acinetobacter isolates were detected among which three were confirmed as Acinetobacter baumannii, whereas one of them was confirmed as Acinetobacter junii by different methods of identification. Conclusion: Identification by gene sequencing is more objective, reliable, reproducible, and accurate and has the capability of defining taxonomical relations among bacteria.


Received 11 January 2016; received in revised form 26 February 2016; accepted 29 February 2016 / Published online: 03 March 2016. Young people are numerically dominant in Africa, but often face harsh risks and hostile socio-economic environments that severely limit their potentials. They seldom have the material or socio-political resources with which to meet the threats of poverty. Those who live in cities are constrained by the boundaries of urban poverty. The situation is worse for those who live in urban slums. Many of them often struggle to maintain even a constrained and deprived livelihood. However, in spite of the constraints, many show resilience. Rather than passively submitting to urban poverty, they frequently become major resources in dealing with urban problems and developing the city. They find ways of coping and even improving their lives. Drawn from ethnographies of the Langas slums of Eldoret city in Kenya, this study examines the plight of young people in the context of the risks they face and the resilience they show as they ably negotiate urban adversity, vulnerability and livelihoods. The study borrows insights from the theory of everyday tactics to focus on how they adapt to the constraints they face, make creative use of opportunities that the city offers, and find ways of improving their lives. Policy implications for mitigating the consequences of child and youth poverty in urban Africa are proffered.


This paper provides a reflection on the impact of gender in the construction of masculinity and femininity. Particular attention is paid to how gender stereotypes are created and how they affect people. The contribution of new concepts such as interrelatedness and bonding will be discussed in relation to their impact on psychotherapy. Specifically, ways that Bioenergetic Analysts can benefit from these new approaches and concepts will be provided.


The present paper aims at using the Quantis Technique for the determination of drought and rain periods, corresponding to the historical series in the 30-year stretch between 1980-2009 of the Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuaria do Rio Grande do Norte-EMPARN, using the Pinkayan and Terezinha Xavier methodology. Up to the present time (2011) according to research in books and periodicals, a quantilic technique has not been applied to this area of investigation. Five categories have been used to analise the quantis technique: very dry, dry, normal, rainy and very rainy. This classification has been set in an annual scale in order to help in data systematization and in the collection of normal or regular rain figures in the low Apodi-Mossoro watercourse, represented by the quantis Q(0.15), Q(0.35), Q(0.50), Q(0.65) e Q(0.85). Important information has been gathered about the climate regime in the area under study correlated to the extreme classes (very dry and very rainy), and these correlations have served as the starting point of research on socio-environmental impacts associated to natural disasters, as well as in water resources management, hydrology studies, urban and agricultural planning and as a likely source of information for other works and research projects.


The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of selection of common pheasants for a higher 7-week bodyweight (BW) over three generations on growth performance and composition of body and carcass under intensive rearing. A total of 160 chicks of the selected (S) and the control (C) lines (n = 80, respectively), were used in the experiment. At the end of the experiment (100 days), pheasants of the S line achieved an increase of 9.2% in the average BW compared with those of the C line. The feed conversion ratio over the 100-day period was 5.92 and 5.51 g/g in the S and C lines, respectively. After slaughter, pheasants of the S line showed significantly higher weights of the carcass, legs, skinless legs, neck, heart and liver than those of the C line. The direct positive selection for the 7-week BW in pheasants resulted in significant decreases in carcass dressing-out percentages and the proportion of breast muscle, legs, skinless legs and leg muscles to pre-slaughter BW; only a relative proportion of the heart was higher in the S line than that in the C line (P < 0.01).


The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal ointment with the efficacies of promoting the tissue regeneration and setting a broken bone. The Chinese medicinal ointment is mainly prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of gaultheria yunnanensis, 6-10 parts of diverse wormwood herb, 8-15 parts of doubleteeth pubescent angelica roots, 6-9 parts of Chinese tinospora stems, 3-5 parts of grewia lantsangensis hu, 2-4 parts of Korean raspberry roots and an appropriate amount of egg white. The Chinese medicinal ointment provided by the invention is easy to operate, is safe to use and can not cause side effects, and the cost of the raw medicinal materials is low.


In this paper, we present a user-friendly planetary rover's control system for low latency surface telerobotic. Thanks to the proposed system, an operator can comfortably give commands through the control base station to a rover using commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) joysticks or by command sequencing with interactive monitoring on the sensed map of the environment. During operations, high situational awareness is made possible thanks to 3D map visualization. The map of the environment is built on the on-board computer by processing the rover's camera images with a visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm. It is transmitted via Wi-Fi and displayed on the control base station screen in near real-time. The navigation stack takes as input the visual SLAM data to build a cost map to find the minimum cost path. By interacting with the virtual map, the rover exhibits properties of a Cyber Physical System (CPS) for its self-awareness capabilities. The software architecture is based on the Robot Operative System (ROS) middleware. The system design and the preliminary field test results are shown in the paper.


Boron‐doping spikes in Si have been grown by fast gas switching chemical vapor deposition at 800 or 850 °C using Si2H6 in 0.03 or 0.1 atm H2, respectively. The B2H6 doping gas was added for 2 s in two ways, viz. during growth, or as a flush while the Si2H6 was interrupted. High‐resolution secondary‐ion mass spectrometry (HR‐SIMS) analysis has revealed the sharpest as‐measured SIMS dopant profiles reported for Si grown by deposition from the gas phase. Electrical measurements show the sheet resistivity of the B spikes to be as low as 580 Ω/⧠.


Coronavirus vaccination and whether it should be compulsory for nurses is emerging as a contentious issue but it is one that must be explored and resolved. A government consultation on plans to make vaccination against COVID-19 a legal requirement for nurses who work in care homes for older people in England closed last month. A decision is expected in the summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Nursing Older People is the property of RNCi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)


Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the use of biocatalysts in flow reactors. This merging combines the high selectivity and mild operation conditions typical of biocatalysis with enhanced mass transfer and resource efficiency associated to flow chemistry. Additionally, it provides a sound environment to emulate Nature by mimicking metabolic pathways in living cells and to produce goods through the systematic organization of enzymes towards efficient cascade reactions. Moreover, by enabling the combination of enzymes from different hosts, this approach paves the way for novel pathways. The present review aims to present recent developments within the scope of flow chemistry involving multi-enzymatic cascade reactions. The types of reactors used are briefly addressed. Immobilization methodologies and strategies for the application of the immobilized biocatalysts are presented and discussed. Key aspects related to the use of whole cells in flow chemistry are presented. The combination of chemocatalysis and biocatalysis is also addressed and relevant aspects are highlighted. Challenges faced in the transition from microscale to industrial scale are presented and discussed.


Using dimethylaluminum hydride as the source gas and an ArF laser as the light source, aluminum thin films with low electrical conductivity were deposited via photochemical reactions. To emphasize surface reactions, vapor pressure was kept low with a t pical value of 6.7×10−3 Pa. The laser energy density was typically 23 mJ/cm 2 per pulse. The deposition rate of aluminum films became reasonably high above a substrate temperature of 90 °C and increased thereafter with substrate temperature. The electrical resistivity was about four times greater than the bulk aluminum value. A strongly nonlinear dependence of the deposition rates on laser energy density was observed. The incremental change in thickness per pulse increased with the inverse of the pulse repetition rate, which indicated, together with area selectivity, the importance of surface photolysis of absorbed molecules.


The well known expectations to unify general relativity with quantum mechanics did not give some essential results up to now. If quantum gravity has such a poor set of tiny effects as in existing models, it may not be of great interest for physics. But there is another approach to quantum gravity, in which it seems to be a common ground of general relativity and quantum mechanics rather than their consequence. Important features of the author's model of low-energy quantum gravity, such as the quantum mechanism of classical gravity, the quantum mechanism of redshift and the specific relaxation of any photonic flux, are described here. In the model, the Newton and Hubble constants may be computed, but the latter is not connected with any expansion. The model fits SN1a and GRB observations very well without dark energy. Some possibilities to verify the model in ground-based experiments are discussed.


• Abstract — Levodopa is the most efficacious and widely used symptomatic drug for Parkinson's disease (PD). There is currently, however, a great deal of interest focused on the possibility that levodopa-induced increases in dopamine (DA) turnover may increase oxidative damage derived from the breakdown of DA. Increased oxidative damage follow ing levodopa may contribute to the progressive degenera tion of remaining host nigral neurons as well as interfere with development and function of embryonic nigral neu rons in neural grafting trials. There is abundant evidence that levodopa is toxic to embryonic nigral DA neurons in both cell culture and neural grafting models. These findings have prompted a number of studies on mechanisms of levo dopa toxicity to identify effective means of ameliorating potential oxidative stress related to levodopa in PD. In the current study we have utilized cultures of embryonic nigral DA neurons to address the fundamental question of wheth er levodopa-induced toxicity is related to DA production or whether dopa itself contributes to cell death. We compared the degree of nigral DA cell death following chronic admin istration of: 1) levodopa (e.g.: /-dopa); 2) its less active ste reoisomer rf-dopa; and 3) DA. We examined the rank order of toxicity of these compounds in two species of rats, Fisher 344 (F344) and Sprague-Dawley (SD). Results indicate a toxicity profile of: DA > /-dopa > > rf-dopa. In addition, although there was no difference in response of F344 and SD cultures to /-dopa, the SD cultures were significantly more susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of DA. Taken collectively, these results suggest that levodopa-induced toxicity is related primarily to DA production rather than oxidation of dopa to toxic metabolites, and that some strain related differences do exist. © 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. •


This study aimed to analyze the effect of direct and  indirect oil rents for Indonesia's economic growth through trade openness, human capital, quality of institutions and genuine savings. This study uses secondary data for the period 1980 to 2010, sourced from several institutions such as the BPS, World Bank, BP Migas, and the PRS Group. The method of analysis used in this research is the analysis of the path (path analysis), which assisted with the package SPSS version 16.00. In this study found that the oil rent has no direct negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia, and has an indirect negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia through the quality of institutions. From the research each oil rents increased by 1 point will cause a decrease in the quality of institutions in Indonesia by 0.6 points. And any increase or decrease in the quality of institutions by 1 point, would cause an increase or decrease in Indonesia's economic growth by 0.5 points. So the results of this study indicate that the quality of the institution serves as a transmission mechanism of the resource curse in Indonesia. This research also found that the oil rent significant positive effect of trade openness and trade openness significant negative effect on economic growth. So we can conclude that trade openness is not a transmission mechanism negative relationship between oil rents and economic growth in Indonesia. The results of this study support empirical research Rosser (2007) that Indonesia can avoid the resource curse in Indonesia and one way is to prevent the Dutch disease. The results of this study showed no evidence of a negative indirect effect of oil rents on economic growth through human capital and a genuine saving. Keywords : Oil Rent, Trade Openness, Human Capital, Quality Institution, Genuine Saving,   Dutch Disease, Resouces Curse


From military theorists` perspective, the airspace is an area from which objectives of strategic importance to the enemy can be effectively engaged and neutralized, in order to disorganize the command and control system at strategic level, as well as to diminish the enemy's operational potential to develop and the tactical effort in the area / areas where military actions are carried out. From this point of view, maintaining control of the airspace is a necessary condition for providing national security, and this can be achieved by constantly updating the doctrine of the air force, the one that manages the use of airborne vectors (aviation, missiles, artillery, drones, etc.) and supports the development of specific infrastructures, research and production elements, as well as modern structures for the educational and training needs of the Air Force. The airspace and going beyond that, the circumterestrial space are areas where there are no physical limitations or obstacles, geographical or relief conditions as found in districts where land forces operate or in the areas of military operations carried out by naval forces. Given the lack of these restrictions, the branch that uses the airspace has a unique feature, namely ubiquity, a characteristic that outlines the special importance of air force and air doctrine in meeting the objectives of military strategy and national security.


The purpose of this study was to ascertain the pacing strategies employed in 10 km open water swimming events, and to define which split time was most determinant for the final performance as a function of gender and classification in International Championships. Six international competitions over the last five years were analyzed retrospectively: Olympic Games, World Championships, and European Championships. The data corresponded to a total of 437 swimmers' competition histories (257 men, 180 women). A two-way analysis of variance (gender [2 levels: men, women], classification [3 levels: 1st to 3rd, 4th to 8th, 9th and below]) was performed for each split (0-2.5 km, 2.6-5.0 km, 5.1-7.5 km, and 7.6 to 10 km) and halves (0-5 km, 5.1-10 km). The Bonferroni post hoc test was used to compare means, and Pearson's simple correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the split and the final performance (total time). In general the medal winners and those swimmers classified from 4th to 8th place employed a negative pacing strategy (the first half of the race slower than the second), in both men and women. Women, however, in proportional terms have a faster first partial (0 to 2.5 km) than men. These results could help coaches to indicate to the swimmers that the first split of the event should be as slow as possible but guarantying to be in the heading group. Thus, they would be using the aerobic energy mainly, "reserving" energy for the second and decisive split.


Lu Xun and Sun Zhili are the leading figures of "foreignization" thought in modern and contemporary chinese literary translation respectively,while there is scarcely the contractive study on them in translation field.By making a comparative study on both concepts,and analyzing their inner relation and distinctions,a systematic elaboration about their formation and development can be provided,aiming at expounding clearly the special connotations of these two ideas.


Factors influencing potato pollen germination were studied.A medium supplemented with 0 1 mmol/L K + and 1 0 mmol/L Mg 2+ can increase the germination frequency,and with 0 15 mmol/L Na + can speed the germinaton.After a procedure of optimization over 70% of pollen germination rate was obtained from the liquid medium composed of 10% Sucrose,0 02% CaCl 2,0 02% H 3BO 3,0 02% MgSO 4·7H 2O,0 01% KNO 3.Cold pretreatment increased the synchronization of germination.


Bertolt Brecht's death in 1956 inaugurated a period in modern political theater whose theoretical and dramaturgical parameters have yet to be defined. It may appear presumptuous to apply the label "post-Brechtian" to a field that contains plays as diverse as Fo's Accidental Death of an Anarchist, Churchill's Cloud 9, Fugard's Sizwe Bansi Is Dead, and Mtiller's Hamletmachine, but the term does find more than historical justification. Much of the political drama since Brecht's death has been written and performed with his formidable theoretical example in view, and even those dramatists who have refused Brecht's political aesthetic have done so in the wake of its radical


Cell lines derived from human malignant melanoma tumors are susceptible to infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Within 5 days after inoculation of vesicular fluid, cytopathic changes appeared in melanoma cell monolayer cultures that were incubated at either 36 or 320C. The VZV isolates at the two temperatures were serially propagated by passage of trypsin-dispersed infected cells. A plaque assay was developed utilizing melanoma cell monolayers overlaid with nutrient medium containing carboxymethylcellulose. By this assay method, the growth cycle of a VZV isolate propagated at 360C was studied and compared with that of another VZV isolate grown at 320C. With equivalent infected-cell inocula at a ratio of one inoculum cell to eight uninfected cells, the yield of cellfree virus at an incubation temperature of 320C was slightly higher than at 360C, although the peak occurred 60 h, rather than 36 h, postinfection. It was also found that the titer of low-passage VZV propagated at 360C was 0.5 to 1 log higher when assayed at 320C rather than at 360C.


This article attempts to analyze the transitivity pattern in the media discourse analysis of Irwan Prayitno's reportage in Padang Ekspres. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data were collected using documentation techniques and analyzed using the transitivity features on Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics. The research findings show that there are four types of processes in the media discourse of Irwan Prayitno's reportage in Padang Ekspres: material processes (50.8%), behavioral processes (22.1%), verbal processes (20.4%), and mental processes (6.7 %). The dominance of material processes in Irwan Prayitno's reportage as a political figure reflects an effort to represent him as a leader who focuses on real work and action. This representation pattern also strengthens the existence of mutualistic relations between mass media and politics in electoral politics and other kinds of mass mobilization.


Iridium is rather difficult to process due to its brittleness and sensitivity to impurities. It is better treated while it is clean and fine-grained. Therefore, it should be promising to use fine powders. At the same time, the pressing and sintering of iridium nanopowders has not been studied well. This paper describes a method for manufacturing thin-walled iridium tubes using powder technology. Iridium powder of 99.997 % purity with an average particle size of 42 nm (BET) was obtained by the electrolysis of molten salts. It was subjected to radial magnetic pulsed compaction in copper shell, which was subsequently chemically removed. The resulting pressure on the powder here strongly depends on the parameters of the magnetic field pulse and other initial conditions, such as the properties of the shell, the thickness of the charge and the rheological properties of the powder. Therefore, the properties of green and sintered samples were investigated depending on the amplitude of the magnetic pressure, without changing the other parameters. Green bodies with a relative density of up to 50 % were obtained with an amplitude of magnetic pressure of 85 –190 MPa. The green density slightly increased with increasing magnetic pressure. Sintering at 1000°C in a hydrogen atmosphere yielded thin-walled tubes with a grain size of 0.3 μm and a density of up to 22.3 g / cm3, close to the theoretical density of iridium, 22.56 g / cm3. The sintered density was insensitive to the green density in the studied range. Solid sintered tubes were obtained by an amplitude of magnetic pressure between 85 and 122 MPa.


Abstract A two stage process based on a hydrolytic pretreatment and a soda/anthraquinone pulping stage has been studied to produce bleachable-grade cellulose from residual softwood sawdust, concretely a mixture of ground spruce (Abies alba) and pine (Pinus insignis). The hydrolytic pretreatment, which is carried out in an isothermal plug-flow reactor, solubilizes the hemicelluloses and substances of low molecular weight, and partially depolymerizes the lignin which can then be more easily extracted during the pulping stage. Soda/AQ pulping was performed on the pretreated fiber in a stirred batch reactor. The resulting cellulose pulps have low contents of residual hemicelluloses and ash, and a low enough amount of residual lignin which means that a chlorine-free bleaching procedure may be used. The effect of the process variables on the chemical characteristics and yields of the unbleached cellulose are presented. The combination of an autohydrolytic pretreatment at 231 °C for 5.5 min and a pulping stage a...


................................................................................... iv Table of contents......................................................................... vi List of figures.............................................................................. xviii List of tables............................................................................... xxv List of symbols and abbreviations...................................................... xxx Chapter 1. General Introduction...................................................... 1 Chapter 2. General Literature Review.............................................. 7 2.


In recent years there is a growing necessity for indoor location based services. One such indoor location based service is pedestrian navigation. A handful of solutions had been employed to achieve pedestrian navigation. However these solutions that are available in market either remained unreliable or highly expensive. The key criterion to achieve reliable navigation lies in instant and accurate localization of the user. In this article, we present a prototype system for pedestrian navigation for indoors. We executed a probabilistic method based on RFID tag count and RSSI to localize the user and in addition we developed a route planning algorithm to achieve complete navigation. The route planning algorithm takes personal conditions of the pedestrian into account. Overall, our experimental results validate the reliability and competence of the proposed system.


We extend the recursive formulation of risk-sensitivity with discounting advocated by Hansen and Sargent (1995) to situations with a hidden state. We accomplish this by introducing two risk-sensitivity operators, each of which also expresses a concern about model misspeciflcation. One captures a decision maker's uncertainty about the state dynamics and the other his uncertainty about the probability distribution of a hidden component of the state vector given current information.


Abstract. This paper discusses our approach to building models and analyzing student behaviors in different versions of our learning by teaching environment where students learn by teaching a computer agent named Betty using a visual concept map representation. We have run studies in fifth grade classrooms to compare the different versions of the system. Students' interactions on the system, captured in log files represent their performance in generating the causal concept map structures and their activities in using the different tools provided by the system. We discuss methods for analyzing student behaviors and linking them to student performance. At the core of this approach is a hidden Markov model methodology that builds students' behavior models from data collected in the log files. We discuss our modeling algorithm and the interpretation of the models.


Since the 15th century AD Talamone, a village on a bay alongthe Tyrrhenian coast midway between Florence and Rome, has been associated with the Etruscan Telamon. On the Talamonaccio, the famous 2nd century BC terracotta decorations depicting the battle of the Seven against Thebes were found in the late 19th century. Two ancient theories regarding the depiction of the myth are decribed.Before discussing both hypotheses, the ancient literary sources will be studied in order to discover what they reveal about Telamon, the two families of the consuls and temple dedications.


We discuss a method by which the dynamics of a network of coupled neurons can be captured in a one-dimensional map. The network used as an example of this technique consists of a pair of neurons, one of which is an endogenous burster and the other excitable, but not bursting in the absence of phasic input. The reduction is accomplished by decomposing the flow into fast and slow subsystems, each operating on a distinct time scale. A {open_quotes}map of knees{close_quotes} is constructed using singular perturbation techniques. A concise expression for this map is developed by introducing time coordinates to each stable branch of the slow manifold. The compression associated with the fast subsystem is used to determine the qualitative properties of the map.


Software testing is prime concern for the software industry and researchers. In the software testing process test cases play an important and significant role. Optimisations of test cases are essential to test the software effectively. Finding maximum number of faults and rectifying them before actual software release is most complex and critical during software development process. This paper deals with software test case optimisation using bacteriologic algorithm BA and requirement mapping-based approach. Test case optimisation deals with selecting effective test cases having maximum code coverage and fault detection capability, consequently minimising and prioritising the test cases.


Fresh water systems are rapidly changing and water quality is deteriorating as a result of climate change. Aquatic drones can help us understand these changes - which will be key to tackling water-related challenges ahead.


Existing tables of seminvariant vectors for centred space-groups are in terms of primitive indices only. The semi-invariant vectors for use with centred indices are derived and tabulated for centred spacegroups.


With the increased demand for distributed simulation and testing environments to support large-scale modeling and simulation applications, much research has focused on developing a software environment to support simulation across a heterogeneous computing networks. In this paper, a new implementation of the DEVS formalism called DEVS/RMI system is presented as a natively distributed simulation system based on standard implementation of DEVS. Our objective is to distribute simulation entities across network nodes seamlessly without any of the commonly used middleware. The DEVS/RMI system is also built to support auto-adaptive and reconfiguration of simulations during run-time. Because Java RMI supports the synchronization of local objects with remote ones, no additional simulation time management needs to be added when distributing the simulators to remote nodes. The DEVS/RMI approach is well suited for complex, computationally intensive testing programs such as the Joint Interoperability Test Command's 6016C standards conformance testing project. The effort and resources required to work in other more traditional High Performance computing environments such as MPI or PVM make development of many simulations tests an unacceptably slow process. In contrast, DEVS/RMI provides an extremely flexible and efficient software development environment for rapid development of tests. A test case of a large-scale dynamic 2D-Cell space model is discussed and presented in this paper to show how the dynamic re-configuration capabilities can be applied to simulations of concern to the test and evaluation community. .


The experiment was conducted to found out wheat varieties with high drought resistance and high grain-yield.The results showed that three wheat varieties Yannong 21,Yan 2415,Yannong 5158 are superior to other wheat varieties in drought resistance,and their subordinate function value of three wheat varieties Yannong 21,Yan 2415,Yannong 5158 are 0.95、0.73、0.54,and their drought resistance were the highest among 9 wheat varieties.Drought stress improved root growth and development,Root dry matter weight and the root to shoot ratio enhanced,the content of photosynthetic pigment,soluble sugar,proline of flag leaves increased.


Biomodification allows to increase the nutritional and biological value of raw materials, finished product and improve their quality. A promising direction is the production of specialized cheese products, in the technology of which the process of biomodification of protein mass by complex synbiotic is used. As an activator biomode classification of animal protein (milk protein) is used in certain technological parameters kompletny a synbiotic a source of vitamins, mineral substances, dietary fibers and other biologically active substances contained in FitEx-tracts obtained from vegetable raw materials, and probiotic cultures of microorganisms. The study of the process of modification of the protein milk mass in the application of bio-additives, as well as the proposed rational modes of biomodification of cheese.


Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a well-known paraneoplastic syndrome associated with thymomas. It occurs secondary to the production of autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors (AChR). This results in the reduced delivery of action potentials that generate muscular contractions. In its most extreme form, MG can present as a crisis resulting in respiratory failure requiring invasive ventilatory support. There are several known risk factors for patients with known MG to develop a post-operative crisis after thymectomy. It is recommended that patients diagnosed with thymoma be evaluated for MG prior to resection. However, most guidelines do not make any recommendations regarding screening with AChR antibody tests if there are no signs or symptoms of MG. In this case report, we present a patient with an incidental finding of a large anterior mediastinal thymoma with no signs or symptoms of MG. The patient subsequently develops bulbar symptoms and dyspnea necessitating readmission to hospital 2 weeks after surgery. This eventually culminated in cardiorespiratory arrest. This was confirmed to be secondary to a myasthenic crisis via AChR autoantibody testing. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), pyridostigmine and prednisone with good effect. The onset of myasthenic crisis after a surgical insult in known MG patients has been well documented. However, the development of myasthenic crisis in an asymptomatic patient with no history of MG has not previously been shown. This case report illustrates the need for more sensitive screening tools to detect MG in patients with thymoma. The routine use of AChR autoantibody testing as a screening tool in patients with thymoma even when asymptomatic and/or deemed low risk may help clinicians better prepare for possible MG flairs. Furthermore, surgeons should have a low threshold to suspect MG in patients after thymectomy regardless of time elapsed since surgery.


In our recent publication on the palaeogeographic reconstruction of the Messara Gulf in Crete during prehistoric and historic times (Mourtzas & Kolaiti, 2020), solely based on geoarchaeological evi...


Review(s) of: Thinking things through: Essays in philosophy and Christian faith, by Andrew Murray SM, (Adelaide: ATF Theology, 2012), pp. 228 + xvi, $34.95 (Electronic: $15.95).


Abstract As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Clemson University Paralympic Soccer program transitioned its in-person soccer camps for veterans with a disability to a virtual format. Providing veterans with experience playing the game rather than just learning about the game in a classroom environment is an effective way to increase buy-in, activity, and involvement. Therefore, with the transition, the on-field sessions were also delivered virtually with veterans taking part from their own living rooms, kitchens, backyards, or other small spaces. From these sessions, we learned that it is possible to run active virtual sessions for individuals of all levels of ability even if they only have a small space available, running sessions virtually can provide opportunities for active involvement in sport that may otherwise be difficult for individuals with disabilities, and positive and corrective feedback to participants helps them remain motivated and excited to take part in the activity.


Evolutionary systems theorist David Loye wrote many pioneering and engaging books throughout his lifetime; one of the best-known is Darwin's Lost Theory: Bridge to a Better World (2007), a book that explores and overturns the longstanding notions of distinct Darwinism based upon a 'survival of the fittest' human mentality. Instead, Loye discovered and sought to bring to light Darwin's long-ignored insights and a complete theory into the evolution of human morality as guided by moral action and love. In this article, colleagues of David Loye comment on this important book.


In the week immediately preceding the California gubernatorial election in November 1970, 10 novice survey research students polled telephone subscribers in Santa Clara County regarding their registration, political involvement, voting intentions, and their opinions on campaign spending and the 18year-old vote; selected demography was also collected. The focus of the survey was twofold: 1) to obtain a reliable sample when compared to external criterion data, and 2) to compare the accuracy of at least one vote estimate based on our sample with the actual votes during the week following the survey. Ancillary but important considerations were the public "tolerance" for extended questioning, particularly by college students, and the public willingness b express opinions on several open-ended questions. These peripheral areas have been the subject of lengthy controversy among opinion pollsters.


In two recent papers, we described some Siegel modular threefolds which admit a weak Calabi--Yau model. Not all of them admit a {\it projective} model. The purpose of this paper is to exhibit criterions for the projectivity, to treat several examples, and to compute their Hodge numbers.


A method (500) to access the functionality provided by the resource outside of the operating system environment for supporting, said method comprising: receiving a call (505) the resources for functions provided by the external environment of the operating system; and the functional a memory area (520) to copy the parameters from the calling function the resource for providing operating system environment outside in the received call accessible.


A hydrologic and hydraulic modeling system was developed in two stages, or tiers, for use in large-scale, comprehensive planning studies for watersheds and sew…


The heart of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II is a Mn4OxCa cluster that cycles through five different oxidation states (S0 to S4) during the light-driven water-splitting reaction cycle. In this study we interpret the recently obtained 55Mn hyperfine coupling constants of the S0 and S2 states of the OEC [Kulik et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2392-2393] on the basis of Y-shaped spin-coupling schemes with up to four nonzero exchange coupling constants, J. This analysis rules out the presence of one or more Mn(II) ions in S0 in methanol (3%) containing samples and thereby establishes that the oxidation states of the manganese ions in S0 and S2 are, at 4 K, Mn4(III, III, III, IV) and Mn4(III, IV, IV, IV), respectively. By applying a "structure filter" that is based on the recently reported single-crystal EXAFS data on the Mn4OxCa cluster [Yano et al. Science 2006, 314, 821-825] we (i) show that this new structural model is fully consistent with EPR and 55Mn-ENDOR data, (ii) assign the Mn oxidation states to the individual Mn ions, and (iii) propose that the known shortening of one 2.85 Å Mn-Mn distance in S0 to 2.75 Å in S1 [Robblee et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 7459-7471] corresponds to a deprotonation of a μ-hydroxo bridge between MnA and MnB, i.e., between the outer Mn and its neighboring Mn of the μ3-oxo bridged moiety of the cluster. We summarize our results in a molecular model for the S0 f S1 and S1 f S2 transitions.


A method for reducing noise in a turbofan and an air conditioner blowing of the turbofan. The turbofan comprising: a rotating plate coupled to the shaft of the driving motor; a plurality of blades coupled to an outer circumference of the rotating plate; an annular shroud coupled to the end portion of each blade. Each blade comprising an end portion coupled to the inner end of the rotating plate and unbound to the outer end of the rotary plate. The distance between the outer end of each blade is inclined with respect to the rotating plate, so that the inner surface of each blade and the outer end of the device with the turbo fan away from the outer end of each blade is rotated in a direction radially outward the rotation center of the plate is increased.


This note uses electricity generator level 2001–2018 US capacity, generation, and heat input data to evaluate trends in same-plant capacity factor (how much plants run) and heat rate (how efficiently plants run) as plants age. Based on compound annual growth rates for capacity factor and, for thermal plants, heat rate, and based on the subset of US plants that have been operating since 2010 or earlier, same-plant capacity factors increased slightly, and heat rates decreased slightly, between 2001–2018 (weighted average based on 2018 plant capacity). Trends vary by region, fuel, and plant age. Notably, US natural gas-fired power plants tended to run more, and more efficiently, as they aged, while coal-fired power plants tended to run less, and less efficiently. Potential drivers include relative plant age, policy, financial competitiveness, and an anticipated tendency for plant operators to react to the effects of equipment aging with maintenance, repair, replacement, and optimization. These observations can inform committed emissions-based research, which requires making assumptions about how plant operational characteristics change (or do not) as they age.


Addresses the following basic feasibility problem for infinite-horizon Markov decision processes (MDPs): can a policy be found that achieves a specified value (target) of the long-run limiting average reward at a specified probability level (percentile)? Related optimization problems of maximizing the target for a specified percentile and vice versa are also considered. The authors present a complete (and discrete) classification of both the maximal achievable target levels and of their corresponding percentiles. The authors also provide an algorithm for computing a deterministic policy corresponding to any feasible target-percentile pair. Next the authors consider similar problems for an MDP with multiple rewards and/or constraints. This case presents some difficulties and leads to several open problems. An LP-based formulation provides constructive solutions for most cases. >


To investigate the inhibitory effects of andrographolide on transplanted S180 tumor in mice and the possible mechanisms,the inhibitory effect of andrographolide on tumor cells proliferation was assayed by MTT method.The models of mice S180 sarcoma were used for the anti-tumor test in vivo.The influence of andrographolide on mice's immune system was studied by comparing the index of thymus and spleens,phagocytosis of mouse macrophages.The cultured in vitro were stimulated by andrographolide.TNF-α in the culture supernatants of mouse macrophages were detected by ELISA assay.It is reslted that andrographolide inhibited S180 cells growth and the development of transplanted tumor in mice in dose-dependent manners.Although adrographolide had no obvious effect on the thymus and spleen indexes,the phagocytosis of mouse macrophages is increased by adrographolide.Furthermore,adrographolide activated mouse macrophages secreted TNF-α significantly.It is obtainel that andrographolide evidently inhibits the development of transplanted tumor in mice,which may be related with inhibiting the growth of S180 cells and activating the mouse macrophages.


To open Book I of The Faerie Queene is to encounter immediately the question of what kind of poem one is reading. A nationalistic panegyric that eulogises Queen Elizabeth I, whom Spenser calls 'O Goddesse heauenly bright, / Mirrour of grace and Maiestie diuine, / Great lady of the greatest Isle' and, perhaps more honestly, 'O dearest dred' (I, proem, 4), The Faerie Queene has been described as well-written Elizabethan propaganda or at least as a celebration and extension of the queen's political mythology; as political poetry that is complexly engaged, critical of the queen and her politics; as a Protestant poem more shaped by its Reformation context than by fiction or secular literary ideals; as an inspired Humanist summation of mythology that brings into English a wealth of plot material ( mythoi ) from Irish, Welsh, Scottish, French, Italian, Latin and Greek sources; and as an anatomy of the imagination, a poetic place in which the literary imagination expatiates and dilates to demonstrate how poetry, moral and political value, and literary form intersect. Spenser's great epic-romance is, at some point or another, all of these things. The great challenge for any reader of Spenser, then, is to understand how these different faces of the poem can be brought into one focus.


The combinative complex pile foundation engineering practices,establishing the complex pile foundation square distance in appearance in an ultimate bearing capacity,making use of all rate theoriss and misty mathematics,established the fainthess of complex pile foundation expiration all rate formula,the dependable an index sign that studied to design the safe coefficient method in advance.


A simulation of a cantilever beam was carried out with the aim of compared the performance of two Meshfree methods, Element Free Galerkin Method and Radial Point Interpolation Method, using two different methods to impose the Essential Boundary Conditions. The results were validated with the analytical solution of the problem, obtained by Timoshenko in [Tim70]. It was possible to conclude that both methods show a good performance for the solution of the simulated problem. However, some consideration must be taken into account when these are applied to other types of approximation that cannot easily satisfy essential boundary conditions.


An intriguing fact long defying explanation is the observation of a universal exponential distribution of beneficial mutations in fitness effect for different microorganisms. Here we use a general and straightforward analytic model to demonstrate that, regardless of the inherent distribution of mutation fitness effect across genomic sites, an observed exponential distribution of fitness effects emerges naturally in the long term, as a consequence of the evolutionary process. This result follows from the exponential statistics of the frequency of the less-fit alleles f predicted to evolve, in the long term, for both polymorphic and monomorphic sites. The exponential distribution disappears when the system arrives at the steady state, when it is replaced with the classical mutation-selection result, f = μ/s. Based on these findings, we develop a technique to measure selection coefficients for specific genomic sites from two single-time sequence sets. Our results demonstrate the striking difference between the distribution of fitness effects observed experimentally, for naturally occurring mutations, and the "inherent" distribution obtained in a directed-mutagenesis experiment, which can have any shape depending on organism. Based on these results, we develop a new method to measure fitness effects of mutations for each variable residue based on DNA sequences isolated from an adapting population at two time points. This new method is not sensitive to linkage effects and does not require one-site model assumptions.


Based on the introduction of optical communication system and the analysis of the tree architecture of 1:4 demultiplexer and its specifications as well, detailed researches of 1:2 demultiplexer in tree architecture and its latch structure are presented. In addition, the important matching circuit and driven circuit are discussed. The chip is realized in standard 0.25μm CMOS technology. Wafer test shows that the circuit works steadily at the required data rate of STM-16 and STM-64, with the maximum data rate up to 12.92Gb/s.


This essay examines the collaboration of poet Carl Sandburg and folklorist John Lomax, who formed a salon in Chicago from 1917 to 1920 for the performance, exchange, and study of American folksongs. Sandburg and Lomax helped to introduce a poetics of song into American literary modernism. Meanwhile, their folklore scholarship helped to revive and reinvent the concept of folksong as a category for addressing the tumultuous racial politics of the interwar period. In examining Sandburg's recorded performances of African American folksongs from the 1920s, this essay posits a modernist poetics of song that should be understood as an indigenous art of the age of sound recording and reproduction. Treating the aural elements of poetry as acoustic rather than linguistic phenomena—as the stuff of wavelengths and frequencies rather than phonemes and sound shapes—this poetics of song also used phonography's disembodiment of voice to cast racial and ethnic markers as audible signifiers that could be mixed and recombined in performance as the stuff of new composite identities. Sandburg's poetics of song, the essay argues, challenged Lomax's traditional view of folksong as the expression of homogenous communities and promoted instead an ethnic and cultural pluralism that was deeply informed by the labor struggles of black and white workers in interwar Chicago.


Clinical trials have clearly documented the survival benefit of aromatase inhibitors (AIs); however, many women fail to initiate (primary nonadherence) or remain adherent to AIs (secondary nonadherence). Prior studies have found that costs impact secondary nonadherence to medications but have failed to examine primary nonadherence. The purpose of this study is to examine primary and secondary adherence following the reduction in copays due to the introduction of generic AIs.


This research will examine the relationship of the Arab citizens of the State of Israel to the Independence Day celebrations during the period of military rule. Independence Day is considered as the highest degree to show belonging and national identity. The Arabs are the citizens of the state, the Palestinians are the citizens of the state, the Arabs of Israel are all the same names for the citizens who were converted with the declaration of the state of Israel as a minority within their homeland. The research question is why did Arab citizens celebrate Independence Day during the period of military rule, especially in the first decade of the establishment of the State of Israel? In order to get the answer, I used two sources and analyzed their content. The first source is the articles that were written in Al-Ittihad newspaper between the years 1949-1958. The second source is ten interviews I conducted in 2016 with ten women and men. I found that people's motives were different, but they were not naive, and varied between the desire to join the state or the desire to enjoy the only freedom day available during the year. Or perhaps the desire to be part of modernity. And most of them with the end of the military rule ended their desire to celebrate. Whoever remained, despite the outward appearance, was the celebration, but the inner part was still linked to the roots.


of the Dissertation Flash-based Storage Management in Cloud Computing Datacenter Infrastructures by Zhengyu Yang Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University, July 2018 Dr. Ningfang Mi, Advisor A basic credendum of cloud computing can be summarized as: user devices are light terminals to assign jobs and gather results, while those heavy computations are conducted on remote distributed server clusters. This light-terminal-heavy-server structure makes high availability no longer an option, but a requirement in today's datacenters. Furthermore, when bringing compute and storage capabilities into balance, we find that the biggest challenge here is closing the gap between computing and storage performance to shift storage's curve back towards Moore's law [1]. In detail, the time consumed to wait for I/Os is the main cause of idling and wasting CPU resources, since lots of popular cloud applications are I/O intensive, such as video streaming, file sync and backup, and data iteration for machine learning, etc [2]. Thus, storage I/O is the biggest bottleneck in large-scale datacenters. To address this bottleneck, Solid State Drives (SSDs) are widely being deployed as a per-virtual disk, second-level cache of Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) in SSD-HDD hybrid storage systems to improve I/O access performance, ascribing to SSDs' high I/O throughput and low I/O latency and power consumption. Recently, with the capital expenditure of Flash-based SSDs keeps decreasing and the storage capacity of SSDs keeps increasing, the "sales pitch" of traditional HDDs as backend storage – low cost and large capacity – is no longer that unique, and eventually they will be replaced by low-end SSDs which have large capacity but perform orders of magnitude better than HDDs. As a result, it is widely believed that all-flash multi-tier storage systems will be adopted in the enterprise datacenters running big data platforms in the near future. Therefore, in this dissertation, we focus on flash-based storage resource management for SSD-HDD hybrid, all-flash storage systems and storage optimization in big data platforms, and we aim to achieve high availability by improving both performance and reliability in these storage systems.


The method to transfer energy by less-contact magnetic force can decrease mechanical energy loss comparing with that by mechanical contact. In this paper, a novel piezoelectric rotary generator was designed based on the theory of the transition from less-contact magnetic force to the mechanical energy. ANSYS software was used to calculate the driving forces for the piezoelectric cantilever beam from the rotary wheel rotate in the different positions. The periodic driving force for the piezoelectric cantilever beam was obtained by the methods of fitting and Fourier transform. Laws of dynamic performance for piezoelectric cantilever beam were obtained by dynamic analysis. The results show that the low-frequency and variable rotational mechanical energy in the natural environment can be harvested by this novel rotary piezoelectric generator.


Biliary tract cysts are a group of rare congenital diseases that have been classified by Todani in 8 types. Hepaticojejunostomy has been the preferred intervention for Type I and IV biliary cysts. It has been postulated that, due to the low incidence of cancerization of Types II and III biliary cysts, a less invasive approach could be suggested, namely cyst resection in Type II, and endoscopic sphincterotomy with opening of choledochocele in small (


Primary cutaneous mucinuos carcinoma is a rarity in clinical practice arising from sweat gland (eccrine origin), first described by Lennox et al in 1952 and further reviewed formally by Mendoza and Helwing in 1971. It presents mostly as a slow-growing, painless tumour in middle age men, usually well-defined and localised to the skin and subcutaneous plane commonly found in the head and neck region. Generally presents as a single hard swelling with a smooth surface, sometimes ulcerated or crusted. With rare chances of distant metastasis, prognosis remains good but local recurrences are not uncommon after excision. Current report presents a case of primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma in the axilla.


The paper represents a genetic algorithm (GA) solution to the unit commitment problem for power generation in thermal power plant. GAs are general optimization techniques based on principles inspired from the biological evolution, using metaphors of mechanism such as natural selection, genetic recombination and survival of the fittest. A simple GA implementation using the standard crossover and mutation operators could locate near optimal solution. To solve the problem a two layer approach is used, the first layer uses a genetic algorithm to decide the on/off status of the units, and the second layer uses a non linear programming formulation solved by Lagrangian relaxation to perform the economic dispatch while meeting all plant and system constraints. In order to save the execution time the economic dispatch is only performed if the given unit commitment schedule is able to meet the load balance, energy and begin/end level constraints. The simulation results reveal that the features of easy implementation, convergence within an acceptable execution time, and highly optimal solution in solving the unit commitment problem can be achieved.


This issue has articles on area-based conservation in Doha, Greek wells, and the conservation of plaster, interiors and earthen buildings. In the Middle East state of Qatar, Doha has been the subject of major expansion and development since the oil boom of the mid-twentieth century. This has put traditional communities and areas at risk as property values have soared. Djamel Boussaa argues for the conservation and regeneration of one of these areas in Doha in recognition of its importance in the cultural identity of the city. Similarly, in their article on Souli's wells in north-west Greece, Angeliki Papalou, Konstantina Vozikis, Christina Kamaterou, Anastasios Lambropoulos and Yana Shvets make the case for the protection and preservation of these wells as part of the cultural heritage of the region, and particularly the part which the wells played in sustaining local communities in the past. They examine their structural condition and options for repair. Rammed earth construction is found in many areas of the world. The article by F. Vegas, C. Mileto and V. Cristini looks at the repair and conservation of the Bofilla towers near Valencia in Spain. These towers are the heritage of Islamic military architecture where this type of construction was apparently common. About 20 towers still exist and their longevity is testament to the quality of their construction. The article examines the construction and the conservation methodology. Anabelle Križnar examines the plaster and mural painting heritage of Carinthia and Slovenia through the work of the Older Villach's Workshop of the late fifteenth century. Research into the materials used in the plaster shows changes and developments with the addition of crushed marble. Finally, Nicholas Ray was the architect for the partial re-ordering and conservation of the Hall at Pembroke College, Cambridge. He recounts the issues of the project which involved the insertion of a new screen which conceals a reconfigured stair and hoist, and secondly to install acoustic panels on the ceiling. Lastly, a reminder that we are proposing to add a section of shorter articles of up to 1000 words. The aim is twofold. One is to encourage authors to write for an academic journal by submitting a shorter piece as a starter. Secondly, it will allow established authors and researchers the opportunity to write short pieces on ongoing projects. These shorter notes and queries articles will not hold the same status the full-length peer reviewed articles, but they will be a useful bridge to developing the latter. Submissions to the editor are invited.


A national plan on palliative care has been agreed by the Spanish ministry of health and the health departments of the Spanish regional governments. The goal is to enable terminally ill patients to receive treatments in their own homes to improve their quality of life but not necessarily extend life.

The plan regulates, for the first time in …


Heavy snowfall events can cause substantial transport disruption and exert a negative socioeconomic impact, particularly in low‐altitude and midlatitude regions, where it seldom snows. Such problems may be exacerbated if there are rapid transitions between different precipitation phases within the same event. Previous studies have addressed this issue using precipitation‐phase nowcasting techniques, often focusing on critical infrastructures such as airports. Very short‐range forecasts are usually based on trends of observations and numerical weather prediction models. Nowcasting schemes considering the precipitation phase generally merge extrapolated surface observations, modelled vertical temperature profiles, and extrapolated weather radar precipitation fields. In this study, a precipitation‐phase nowcasting scheme was developed and evaluated, initially using eight different algorithms to classify precipitation into rain, sleet or snow, together with a probabilistic weather radar data extrapolation technique. In addition, three combinations of the previous algorithms were also evaluated. The nowcasting scheme was applied to a midlatitude region in the Northwestern Mediterranean to assess its performance during eight snowfall events. Single and combined algorithms were compared to determine their suitability in conditions close to freezing point, when there is increased uncertainty about the precipitation phase. The results indicate that, although single and combined algorithms perform similarly, the latter can provide valuable information during event monitoring. Precipitation phase transitions were also analysed, finding that on average they can be forecast correctly with a lead time of 120 min. The proposed methodology can be readily applied to other regions where ground‐based observations, weather radar data, and model forecasts are available.


Note: the phenomena described in this chapter are very difficult to understand without viewing the moving stimuli. The reader is urged to view the demos when reading the chapter, at: 2 Like many aspects of vision, motion perception begins with a massive array of local measurements performed by neurons in area V1. Each receptive field covers a small piece of the visual world, and as a result suffers from an ambiguity known as the aperture problem, illustrated in Figure 1. A moving contour, locally observed, is consistent with a family of possible motions (Wallach, 1935; Adelson and Movshon, 1982). This ambiguity is geometric in origin-motion parallel to the contour cannot be detected, as changes to this component of the motion do not change the images observed through the aperture. Only the component of the velocity orthogonal to the contour orientation can be measured, and as a result the actual velocity could be any of an infinite family of motions lying along a line in velocity space, as indicated in Figure 1. This ambiguity depends on the contour in question being straight, but smoothly curved contours are approximately straight when viewed locally, and the aperture problem is thus widespread. The upshot is that most local measurements made in the early stages of vision constrain object velocities but do not narrow them down to a single value; further analysis is necessary to yield the motions that we perceive. It is possible to resolve the ambiguity of local measurements by combining information across space, as shown in Figure 2. The motion of 2-D features, such as the corner marked 2, is unambiguous, and can be combined with the contour information to provide a consistent velocity estimate. On the other hand, some 2-D features are the result of occlusion, such as the T-junction (marked 3) that occurs where the two squares of Figure 2(a) overlap. The motion of such features is spurious and does not correspond to the motion of any single physical object; in Figure 2 the two squares move left and right but the T-junction moves down. Distinguishing spurious features from real ones requires the use of form information, as the motion generated by such features does not in itself distinguish them. An alternate way of extracting 2-D motion is to combine the ambiguous information from different contours of the same object, as shown in Figure 2(c). In velocity space, the constraints …


The component of polymer electrolyte-ion complex was discussed by the adsorption-amphoteric model. It was pointed out that polymer-anion complex existed because of anion adsorption onto surface polymer. The membrane might be charged as polymerion complex adsorption onto membrane surface. Therefore the mechanism of complex ultrafiltration could be depend on the complex and static electric effect. It was discussed that complex ultrafiltration soften process instead the adding anti-scale agents process in the reverse osmosis system.


This articles focuses on the marginalia left by a number of readers of Shakespeare's First Folio. Published in 1623, the book has a special place in the history of print. Indeed, it is the first folio edition in the history of publishing to be entirely devoted to plays. The essay is mainly concerned with early modern readers and annotators (17th to 18th century), as this was a period when an increasing number of playbooks began to enter the realm of classical literature. Existing typologies of marginalia can be very useful and yet there are reading practices that they often overlook. Indeed, readers leave material traces in books. Writing exercises and ownership marks are symbolic practices, which are performed on books whose cultural aura is strong. Moreover, some early editions of Shakespeare have been annotated by several hands. When we examine these annotations it is obvious that a plurivocal dialogue is going on inside the book and that a common cultural and personal history is also being handed down from one generation to the next.


Background: Fibroadenomas (FAs) are common benign breast tumors which account for 68% of all breast masses. They can be divided into simple and complex FAs. Though unusual, FAs can harbor invasive or in situ carcinomas, as well as high risk lesions such as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) as we present in this case report.Case Presentation: In this case report, we are presenting a rare case of LCIS within a FA with a brief description of presentation, classification and radiological features.Conclusion: Carcinomas within FAs remain a diagnostic challenge. Despite being considered benign, FAs should still be closely monitored by ultrasound (US) as they can still harbor in situ or invasive carcinomas or high-risk lesions, including LCIS. Radiologists should always be aware and consider these as part of their differential diagnosis whenever benign looking masses have atypical features or presentation. The current management of LCIS detected within FA is still similar to LCIS found elsewhere in the breast.


Abstract A simiple, rapid, and highly sensitive fast microbore HPLC method with UV detection has been developed for the quantitation of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) and related substances in raw material, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic formulations using a column with hybrid particles. Chromatographic conditions were: 30ºC column temperature, 1 µL injection volume at 275 nm. The Co-Q10 analysis was performed within 2.5 minutes with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. with a mobile phase consisted of 100% methanol, and the related substances were separated with a gradient elution based on methanol-water. The developed method was validated for selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robutness. The method was found to be suitable for the quality control of Co-Q10 in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, as well as the stability indicating studies.


FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: system and method are proposed to install networks of channels and/or pipelines using a pipe base (1), support roller guide elements (2), preliminarily installed along the route (4) of the designed network of channels/pipeline. The number of elements (2) depends on length and characteristics of the route (4), and on the specified pipe base (1) there is a welding station (3), used to inspect and adjust pipes for formation of a system of channels/pipeline, and elements (2) have a support base (10) and a roller (2). EFFECT: reduced time for assembly of a pipeline. 20 cl, 33 dwg


As we seek to educate our children in a multicultural society to understand and appreciate and to be able to interact with a culturally diverse and evershrinking world, we need to ask ourselves whether Western forms of knowledge are appropriate for understanding non-Western forms of culture; in particular, whether Western aesthetics is appropriate for understanding and appreciating non-Western art. And so, in this symposium we raise the question of non-Western aesthetics. Are there non-Western aesthetics and if so, what are they? The first thing we must realize in this undertaking is that the world does not come conveniently prepackaged for us into neat compartments of "Chinese aesthetics," "Indian aesthetics," "African aesthetics," "Polynesian aesthetics," "Native American aesthetics," and so on. Any discussion of nonWestern aesthetics initiated from within Western aesthetics must be (and can only be) a cross-cultural comparison. "Aesthetics" is an English word (or some related European derivative of the Greek) to which non-Western culture is compared. Are certain portions of Chinese, Indian, African, Polynesian, Native American thought sufficiently similar to what we know and understand as Western aesthetics to be called "aesthetics"? This is


Diabetes mellitus (DM) results from defects in insulin secretion (type 1) or insulin resistance (type 2). Insulin is used to manage type 1 DM, and oral hypoglycemic agents are used to manage type 2 DM. These therapies are inconsistent in maintaining glycemic control and cause some severe adverse effects such as undue weight gain and hypoglycemia. New and appropriate therapies are needed to overcome these problems. Drugs that are in the pipeline include oral insulins for type 1 DM and incretin mimetics, incretin enhancers, gastric inhibitory peptides, amylin analogues, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α/γ ligands, sodium‐dependent glucose transporter inhibitors, and fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase inhibitors for type 2 DM. This article describes the mechanisms of action and relative advantages and disadvantages of the promising therapies


Sustainable polyurethane dispersion with smart properties has enormous potential in the polymer industries because of its unique and environmentally friendly characteristics. Biodegradable water dispersion thermoplastic polyurethanes (WBPUs) with self-healing capability were synthesized, and they were water-dispersible after neutralization with triethylamine (TEA). The biobased macroglycol and chain extender were synthesized via the catalyst-based esterification reactions of dimer acid (DA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-200), citric acid (CA), and glycerol. Three different compositions of WBPUs were synthesized by reacting poly(e-caprolactone) diol (PCL, M.W ∼ 2000 g/mol) and biobased macroglycol with aliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates in the presence of various amounts of branch generating unit. FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, GPC, and XRD analyses of WBPUs were conducted to study the physicochemical structure, crystallinity, and molecular weight. The WBPUs exhibited high elongation at break (678.9–485.3%), toughn...


Abstract A dendrimer carbosilane containing 32 Si—Cl bonds in the perimeter has been prepared and has been used as a coupling agent to prepare 32-arm star polybutadienes. The dilute-solution properties 〈RG2〉, A2, [η], and D0 have been measured in one good solvent and in one ¸ -solvent. The dimensions of the 32-arm star polymers are compared with those of linear polymers at constant molecular weight. It is shown that the 32-arm star polybutadiene has the characteristic properties of a hard-sphere molecule in dilute solution. The equivalent hard-sphere radii calculated from A2, D0 and [η] are identical and 1.29 times larger than the root mean-square radius of gyration. The Daoud—Cotton scaling model for stars is also tested.


A novel graph theoretical invariant based on the spectral moments of the edge adjacency matrix (E) is proposed. Spectral moments of the E matrix are used to describe seven physical properties of alkanes. All the regression models found are very significant from the statistical point of view. The spectral moments are expressed as linear combinations of the different structural fragments of the molecular graph. The use of the substructural approach for the description of seven physical properties of alkanes is also proved. The results obtained are interpreted in term of structural features of molecules.


The invention relates to an automatic salt fog protection device for offshore equipment and a working method of the automatic salt fog protection device. The automatic salt fog protection device comprises a desalination and humidity and temperature control unit. The automatic salt fog protection device is simple in structure and stable to run. According to the working method, a salt fog is adsorbed through a mineral desiccant; the water evaporation speed is controlled by heating the mineral desiccant to reach the salt-leaching effect; an automatic salt fog treatment method is provided when corrosion degree data are collected; and effective salt fog protection on the sea can be achieved.


Nowadays, many successful companies not only see the importance of making profits but also value the education of business ethics among their employees. With good ethics can help a business to grow and remain in healthy competition. Ethical issues not only will arise from inside of the company but also the business activities between companies. This article explores the differences of ethics codes in business activities especially in the business negotiations between Taiwanese and Indonesians.


BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The RAM/MOR signalling network of eukaryotes is a conserved regulatory module involved in co-ordination of stem cell maintenance, cell differentiation and polarity establishment. To date, no such signalling network has been identified in plants.

METHODS
Genes encoding the bona fide core components of the RAM/MOR pathway were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) by sequence similarity searches conducted with the known components from other species. The transcriptional network(s) of the arabidopsis RAM/MOR signalling pathway were identified by running in-depth in silico analyses for genes co-regulated with the core components. In situ hybridization was used to confirm tissue-specific expression of selected RAM/MOR genes.

KEY RESULTS
Co-expression data suggested that the arabidopsis RAM/MOR pathway may include genes involved in floral transition, by co-operating with chromatin remodelling and mRNA processing/post-transcriptional gene silencing factors, and genes involved in the regulation of pollen tube polar growth. The RAM/MOR pathway may act upstream of the ROP1 machinery, affecting pollen tube polar growth, based on the co-expression of its components with ROP-GEFs. In silico tissue-specific co-expression data and in situ hybridization experiments suggest that different components of the arabidopsis RAM/MOR are expressed in the shoot apical meristem and inflorescence meristem and may be involved in the fine-tuning of stem cell maintenance and cell differentiation.

CONCLUSIONS
The arabidopsis RAM/MOR pathway may be part of the signalling cascade that converges in pollen tube polarized growth and in fine-tuning stem cell maintenance, differentiation and organ polarity.


Three-point one-loop amplitude for the graviton is considered in the string theory compactified on orbifolds with N=1 supersymmetry. We show that the amplitude leads to the vanishing correction to the Newton's constant.


That modern historiographical methods emerged from the depths of late seventeenth- century Pyrrhonism has long been well known. In his 1950 article on 'Ancient History and the Antiquarian', Arnaldo Momigliano showed how an avalanche of diatribes against the historians, culminating in those of La Mothe Le Vayer and Pierre Bayle, inspired Jean Mabillon and Bernard de Montfaucon to formulate more rigorous paleographical techniques and, following the Bollandists, to initiate some of the most ambitious projects in modern times for the editing and publishing of historical documents.1 Meanwhile, the likes of Ezechiel Spanheim and Jacob Spon turned away entirely from fallacious documentary sources and toward what they regarded as the much more certain traces of the past in non-literary evidence, joining the discipline of erudite antiquities to that of historiography for the first time. So far, this trend of scepticism has been treated as the byproduct of an intellectual tradition dating to the humanist recovery of the texts of Sextus Empiricus and Diogenes Laertius, reinforced by three half-centuries of religious disputation. In order to destroy the very foundations of the Protestant position, it is argued, Roman Catholic apologists put in doubt the accomplishments of all the arts and sciences, urging believers to repose their trust unquestioningly in the truths of faith. Learned writers of every persuasion, seeking a firmer footing in the shifting sands of religious doubt, agreed.2 And when Bayle complained that 'there is no mischief so great as what can be exercised upon the monuments of history', he was chiefly referring to bias and distortion due to religious enthusiasm.3What has not yet been examined in sufficient detail is the role played by sheer historical charlatanry in creating the climate of scepticism against which the critics railed. What is more, the charlatanry that exercised the most profound impact during the course of the century did not circulate in the realm of pure erudition, where it might more properly be incorporated into the history of forgery.4 It circulated in the realm of political commentary and contemporary history. And among the places in Europe where this charlatanry was to be found perhaps in the greatest abundance was Italy. This article is a preliminary attempt to restore the lost connection between hired political historiography and Pyrrhonism.Indeed, from the preliminary episodes of the Thirty Years' War to the conclusion of the War of Castro, from the revolt of Palermo to the revolt of Fermo, from the negotiations between the dukes of Savoy and the Spanish monarchy in 1617 to the negotiations between the Venetians and the Turks in 1699, seventeenth-century Italy afforded to the aspiring historian an extraordinary spectacle. However, what brought the attention of a new group of writers to the momentous events of the time was more than mere curiosity. The parties in the conflicts demanded interpretations calculated to shore up damaged loyalties, repair breaches of trust and impress foreign powers. Upon any writer who could provide the necessary material they were disposed to lavish money and favours, including preferment to the most exclusive court circles. Writers who were attracted to this high-stakes game included professional historians as well as charlatans; former diplomats as well as blackmailers. They based their work on eyewitness reports and diplomatic correspondence as well as on newsletters, news books, newspapers, and simple hearsay. By freely mixing historiography with adulation, deceit, sensationalism and pure fantasy, these writers turned hired historiography from an occasional strategy into a cultural industry and set the formation of public myths on an entirely new footing. In doing so, they provoked a reaction that was eventually to shake the emerging discipline to its foundations.Careful cultivation of a particularly edifying view of the recent or remote past, capable of inspiring patriotism and loyalty among the forty percent or so of urban dwellers who could read, and flattering the vanity of the exalted was, of course, nothing new in the mid-seventeenth century. …


In law and philosophy, it was once not uncommon to return to the ancient Greeks in order to address modern legal and philosophical problems.1 Carl Schmitt, for example, followed the intellectual currents of his time as he based his new ways of thinking about law and politics for an important part on the re-evaluation and appropriation of the ancient Greek tradition.2 Well-known, for example, is Schmitt's controversial interpretation of Pindar's fragment 169a – the poem in which Pindar famously proclaims that 'law [nomos] is king of all'.3 Perhaps even better known is Schmitt's obsession with the proem of Homer's Odyssey. Schmitt's tombstone reads ΚΑΙ ΝΟΜΟΝ ΕΓΝΩ – his own preferred reading of one of the Odyssey's opening verses that relies on dubious philology but on which Schmitt nevertheless insisted as it would bolster his legal and political theory.4 As a clear sign of his intense engagement with the ancient Greeks, Schmitt's reading of the Homeric


A graph is beyond-planar if it can be drawn in the plane with a specific restriction on crossings. Several types of beyond-planar graphs have been investigated, such as k-planar if every edge is crossed at most k times and RAC if edges can cross only at a right angle in a straight-line drawing. A graph is optimal if the number of edges coincides with the density for its type. Optimal graphs are special and are known only for some types of beyond-planar graphs, including 1-planar, 2-planar, and RAC graphs. For all types of beyond-planar graphs for which optimal graphs are known, we compute the range for optimal graphs, establish combinatorial properties, and show that every graph is a topological minor of an optimal graph. Note that the minor property is well-known for general beyond-planar graphs.


Methods and systems for management of processing step versions within a processing chain are disclosed. In one aspect, a method of processing data in a computing circuit includes displaying first and second version indicators corresponding to first and second versions of a first process on an electronic display, wherein the first and second versions of the first process are configured to receive the data as input, receiving input selecting the first or second version; and processing the data based on the selected version of the process.


Remote control of microrobotic workstations dedicated to microassembly of hybrid MEMS is a challenging problem due to the lack of reliability and safety in microplanning procedures. It can be avoided by using virtual reality technology. Using the simulated environment in virtual reality, the operator can practice, explore and prevent the problems that occur during implementation. We proposed a concept of a physically behaved microrobotic workcell in virtual environment for microassembly teaching. In a first part, implementation of physical behaviors of virtual objects into VR for micro-task teaching is introduced. A virtual microworld is exactly reconstructed from the CAD-CAM databases of the real environment and simulates contact and elastic robotic interactions, virtual sensing of position and force, etc. Then, the virtual workcell is simulated and an example of micro-task teaching is given. The implementation includes view tracking using virtual force feedback, visual and audio rendering in virtual microenvironment.


Colophonium is a complex mixture of >100 compounds derived from pine trees. It is commonly used, in both unmodified and modified forms, as a fast-acting adhesive for industrial, medical or other commercial uses. Although the skin-sensitizing and skin-irritant effects of colophonium are well known, the actual allergens have not yet all been characterized. Moreover, its constituents are difficult to identify, as they vary with climate and with extraction and storage methods. We herein report severe allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by colophonium in 2 children with type 1 diabetes. CASE REPORT


The decision of a question of business-processes reengineering of the enterprises becomes urgent in the theoretical and practical plan. As a rule, there is no standard list of business - processes. Each enterprise should develop the list of the basic business - processes. It is necessary to have all business - processes in a documentary kind, and not simply textual descriptions, and functional models of procedures. To the most known approaches of reorganization of business - processes it is possible to relate: BSP, developed by D. Martin; CPI or TQM,developed by V.Deming; BPR, developed by M. Hummer and A. Champi. The modeling of business - processes will allow precisely to differentiate functions of departments, to allocate the basic zones of the responsibility, to describe communications between departments, to formalize data flows. The business-processes reengineering includes the following stages: 1. Revealing and coordination of key business - processes; 2. Range and choose of business - processes for reengineering; 3. Development of variants of business-processes models;. 4. The analysis of variants of business-processes models on criteria; 5. Selection of the most preferable variant of business-processes model and its approval by a management of the enterprise; 6. Definition of the basic moment for transition to new business - process. At such approach the system of controlling at first studies business - processes, which exist in the given moment at the enterprise, then simulates system of business - processes, which will work more effective. The developed business - processes function in a cycle until there will be the necessity in realization of their adjustment. Kevwords: business-process, reengineering For elimination of asymmetry of the information between the members of board of directors, general director and managers, increase of a efficiency of management and of the decisions making, it is offered to use the system of the controlling. The system of the controlling has special actuality in the conditions of changes and reengineering of industrial enterprises. The controlling is system of the analysis for making decisions by board of directors and top managers. The controlling is expected to provide timely, accurate information [ 11. Controlling is considered as ((advanced)). managerial accounting with solution of operating and strategic problems.The introduction of the controlling in manufacturing companies is accompanied by occurrence of new problems, requiring of the executors. It should function at the