The paper presents a method for reducing the cost of computational fluid dynamics optimization by using a neural network to fill-in the design space. The method trains a network to approximate the aero- or hydrodynamic performance of vehicles with the cascade correlation algorithm. This network is coupled with a genetic algorithm to optimize the hydrodynamic performance of the configuration.


Of all the oriental cults found in Spain in the Roman period that of Isis appears to have been one of the most widespread. Her cult is amply attested in Baetica, not least by the recently discovered Iseum at Belo. At Igabrum, in the North of the province, we possess two inscriptions which attest the presence of the cult both of which, as will be seen, pose some difficulties of interpretation. The first, and unequivocally Isiac, inscription is that which records a dedication by the local ordo to Flaminia Pale. This reads as follows: «PIETATI AUG. FLAMINIA PALE ISIACA IGABRENS(is) HUIC ORDO M(unicipii) M(unicipium) IGABRENSIUM OB MERITA STATUAM DECR(evit) QUAE HONORE ACCEPTO IMPENS(am) REMISIT» 1• «Isiaca» here has been universally taken to mean priestess and usually public priestess, as the municipal adjective, «Igabrensis» immediately follows the title of Isiaca 2 . Strictly speaking however the adjective «Isiacus» need only mean «connected with the cult of Isis». As both sacerdotes 3 and sacerdotes publici 4 of Isis are explicitly attested elsewhere,


Superfield methods can be used to determine the precise way the self-dual five-form couples to the metric in the first non-trivial α' corrections to type IIB supergravity. We explicitly compute the exact tensor structure of these terms. This requires extensive use of computing algorithms to reduce the complicated expressions that appear to a surprisingly simple form. Along the way we show a new method of computing Schouten identities. With this result we clarify under which conditions one may neglect the five-form higher derivative terms. We comment on corrections to the thermodynamics of charged black holes.


Recognizing the actions performed in a video is challenging for an intelligent system since there are wide variations and enormous information in the video. Attention mechanism pays attention to key target areas, ignores irrelevant information and extracts more discriminant features. In recent years, attention mechanism has been introduced into video recognition. Although a rich literature has been spawned, most of the research on attention aims to aggregate local features by attention. Instead of feature aggregation, we propose to aggregate decisions based on local spatio-temporal attention regions for action recognition, which is inspired by ensemble learning. The proposed decision fusion module is easy to interpret and architecture-independent. In this article, the regions around the body joints are regarded as the key regions. We use the corresponding regions of the body joints in the 3-D feature maps as the basic local features for local classification. Finally, all the local classification results are combined to make a global decision. Furthermore, when training the network, we can selectively add supervision to the local and global decisions. We experimentally show that the proposed mechanism can improve the recognition performance on multiple datasets which demonstrates its effectiveness.


Abstract A degenerate vector field singularity in R3 can generate a geometric Lorenz attractor in an arbitrarily small unfolding of it. This enables us to detect Lorenz-like chaos in some families of vector fields, merely by performing normal form calculations of order 3.


To obtain the various kinds of inositol stereomers, we have selected the process of electrolytic reduction of DL-epi-inosose-2 using Ni, Ta, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sn, W, Cd and Hg etc., as cathode. We think that this process gives greater variety than chemical processes. DL-epi-inosose-2 was synthesized by chemical oxidation of myo-inositol, dissolved in aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and used as electrolytic solution. To prevent anodic oxidation of cathode products the H-type diaphragm cell was used. As the results of paper chromatography of cathodic products, we obtained the values of myo-inositol and epi-inositol were in good agreement with literature values.


The amount of data in our world has been exploding, and big data represents a fundamental shift in business decision-making. Analyzing such so-called big data is today a keystone of competition and the success of organizations depends on fast and well-founded decisions taken by relevant people in their specific area of responsibility. Business analytics (BA) represents a merger between data strategy and a collection of decision support technologies and mechanisms for enterprises aimed at enabling knowledge workers such as executives, managers, and analysts to make better and faster decisions. The authors review the concept of BA as an open innovation strategy and address the importance of BA in revolutionizing knowledge towards economics and business sustainability. Using big data with open source business analytics systems generates the greatest opportunities to increase competitiveness and differentiation in organizations. In this chapter, the authors describe and analyze business intelligence and analytics (BI&A) and four popular open source systems – BIRT, Jaspersoft, Pentaho, and SpagoBI.


In recent years,the great achievements of construct about rural infrastructure has made in henan province,but the development is unbalanced,the phenomenon of emphasizing on construction but neglecting management are widespread.The Government should increase investment,expand financing channels,to establish mechanisms of management and protection,so that the responsibilities,rights and interests were combined to ensure sustainable development of rural infrastructure.


The microstructural changes during the sintering process of Merl 76 powder and the solidification process of melted Merl 76 powder were investigated through DTA, microstructural observation and EPMA.DTA during the sintering and the solidification processes of Merl 76 powder detected five endothermic and five exothermic reactions, respectively. Although the phase reactions during both processes occurred in approximately the same temperature range, the microstructural observations and EPMA analyses of the phases revealed that the phase reactions during the sintering process were not reversed to those during the solidification process. The microstructures observed during the sintering process approached those found during the solidification process after holding in the respective temperature ranges.Rapid densification of Merl 76 powder compacts occurred in the temperature range of 1st reaction, which corresponded to the incipient melting. The microstructure of Merl 76 powder was consisted of fine dendritic structure. In the temperature range of 1st reaction, the liquid phase appeared in the regions between the dendrite arms and the amount of the liquid phase increased, changing its composition with increasing holding time.


The essay executed analysis and verification on MA60 airplane's water mooring properties via initial immersing depth,mooring stability,water's seepage accesses,valid mooring time and emergent departure time,demonstrating that the mooring properties could meet the requirement of passengers' emergent departing after ditching.


The subject of drug interactions should embrace at least three facets: (1) an interaction of two or more drugs resulting in an unexpected response; (2) an interaction of one or more drugs with physiological processes in the patient, often referred to as adverse reactions; (3) an interaction of one or more drugs with laboratory tests either in vivo as a result of the drug(s) altering physiological systems or in vitro as a result of the drug(s) interfering with the chemistry of the test.


Background Survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is generally low, with the likelihood of locoregional recurrence or disease progression (LR/DP). Knowledge of prognostic factors for survival is key to achieving an understanding and increased survival. The present study aimed to identify prognostic factors for patients with OSCC, especially the presence of DNA from human papillomavirus (HPV). Material and Methods Retrospective cohort study including 119 patients with OSCC treated at the National Cancer Institute in Mexico City (2009-2013). Clinical information was obtained from patient records including LR/DP. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained and used for detecting DNA from different types of HPV. Potential prognostic factors for Overall Survival (OS) were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results After model adjustment, factors associated with longer OS were a pre-treatment platelet count above 400,000/mm3 (HR=0.09, p=0.026) and response to primary treatment (HR=0.26, p=0.001). HPV DNA was present in 23 (19.3%) of the patients and importantly, type 16 found in 19 of them. Although survival of HPV-positive patients was longer, difference was not significant. However, among patients with LR/DP, HPV positivity was significantly associated with increased survival (HR=0.23, p=0.034). Importantly, survival was significantly different for HPV-positive patients with LR/DP > 6 months (HR=0.20, p=0.002), had higher absolute lymphocyte count at start of treatment (HR=0.50, p=0.028) or had local rescue treatment (HR=0.24, p=0.019). Conclusions Although HPV positivity was not associated with a longer OS of OSCC patients, a better prognosis was significantly associated with HPV positivity and recurring or progressing disease, particularly with HPV type 16. Key words:HPV, human papillomavirus, HPV-16, oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral cancer, survival, locoregional recurrence, disease progression.


The transformation of gaussian beams through the defocusing telescope system (Δ≠0) can be achieved in many ways. By using the equivalent method of thick lens to analyze, the same result can be got as by using other methods. But the calculation of using this method is simple and can be easily and widely used in teaching.


For a hydropower station with multiple units per penstock, how to get the head loss of penstock has usually been a difficult problem, which the core issue is that it is hard to obtain the flow of each branch pipe. For power stations that have installed flow measurement devices for all units, or have undergone absolute turbine efficiency tests, the head measurement is relatively simple, but if the flow measuring device is not installed for each unit in advance, the head loss measurement will be difficult. This paper proposes an optimized measurement method performed in a hydropower station in Pakistan, which is to arrange an ultrasonic flowmeter on the main penstock, and then use the Winter-Kennedy method and flow rate measured by Ultrasonic flow meter to calibrate the Winter-Kennedy coefficients of unit one by one. Finally, by running three units at the same time and adjusting them with the same flow rate, the total loss of the penstock is calculated. At the same time, the flow rate measured by the Winter-Kennedy coefficient and that measured by the ultrasonic method has been checked and compared. The result proves that the accuracy of the result is high, and the result has a good consistency, which can fully meet the requirements of penstock head loss calculation and evaluation. The method has a certain practical value and can be referred to by other power station which has similar measurement.


This research has several purposes, namely to discover the factors that cause difference in the value of gross income reported in Periodic Value Added Tax Return and Annual Tax Return as well as to find out how to perform equalization process to Periodic Value Added Tax Return and Annual Tax Return. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research approach to CV. LAJ, corporate taxpayer who is the subject of this research. With the aim of obtaining data needed in this research, the methods used by the researcher include natural observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The outcomes of the equalization process indicate that the difference in the value of gross income is caused by other operating income transactions, other operating expenses, bonuses, sale discounts, sale returns, claim compensation and cancellation or replacement of output tax invoices.


In this paper, we examine the Jeřabek hyperbola of an allowable triangle in an isotropic plane. We investigate different ways of generating this special hyperbola and derive its equation in the case of a standard triangle in an isotropic plane. We prove that some remarkable points of a triangle in an isotropic plane lie on that hyperbola whose centre is at the Feuerbach point of a triangle. We also explore other interesting properties of this hyperbola and its connection with some other significant elements of a triangle in an isotropic plane.


Abstract Even judiciaries that do not have histories of serious or pervasive corruption need to be watchful lest what I refer to as judicial corrosion occurs. Drawing on studies of institutional entropy, I identify some of the external and internal sources of such corrosion and comment briefly on challenges that face its prevention or repair within the judicial realm.


The present invention relates to a method and system for deriving an encryption key using JRNSO. Communication body generates JRNSO bits from CIR estimate, JRNSO bits are used to generate the encryption key. Authentication type may be an IEEE 802.1x or pre-shared key system,. The IEEE 802.1x system, MK, PMK, and / or, PTK may be generated from the JRNSO bits. Encryption key may be generated by the Diffie-Hellman key derivation algorithm.


The bromination of benzopyrones with dibromoisocyanuric acid (DBI)(12) has been investigated. Chromone, ethyl 4-oxochromen-2-carboxylate, and ethyl 2-oxochromen-3-carboxylate each gave the 6-bromo-derivative on monobromination. Treatment of chromone with 2 mol. equiv. of DBI gave 5,6,8-tribromochromone (9) and a little 3,5,6,8-tetrabromochromone (10); similar treatment of ethyl 4-oxochromen-2-carboxylate gave the 5,6,8-tribromo-product (9); ethyl 5,6,7,8-tetrabromo-2-oxochromen-3-carboxylate (17) was the product from ethyl 2-oxochromen-3-carboxylate under the same conditions. These products were identified by n.m.r. spectroscopy and by chemical means. Attempted monobromination of coumarin failed to give a single product, but with 3 mol. equiv. of DBI 3,5,6,7,8-pentabromocoumarin (15) was obtained. Some ambiguity concerning the identity of the products from the nitration of chromone and 3-methylchromone has been resolved. In both cases nitration occurred at C-6.


Evaluation of male needs standardized protocol for the male's classification. Breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) is a practice that is widely used, mainly in the bull, to evaluate the male starting from physical and reproductive parameters. BSE protocols for rams are already published around the world but complete evaluation is not yet raised for all the breeds with specific characteristics. The male can be classified as Satisfactory, Questionable and Unsatisfactory. When is not possible to evaluate it properly, the classification can be deferred. Among the innovative methods to perform the evaluation, there is the ultrasound exam of the reproductive organs. Testicles, epididymis, vascular cone and accessory glands ultrasound may increase the accuracy of the evaluation. In this study, an established sample of rams belonging to Veneto Agricoltura Center in Villiago (BL), Italy, has been evaluated with classical and innovative monitoring system. On these animals the entire BSE procedure was carried out. Moreover, the ultrasound evaluation (MyLabVetTM One, ESAOTE S.p.A., Genova, 10 MhZ probe frequency) of testicles and vesicular glands has been performed for the first time in these breeds (18 adult rams: N=5 Brogna, N=5 Lamon, N=4 Foza, N=4 Alpagota). After the physical and physics exams all the males involved in the evaluation were collected using electro-ejaculator (Ruakura Ram Probe Plastic Products, Hamilton, New Zeland); the trans-rectal probe was inserted after a mucosal anesthesia (5 ml of Lidocaine 2 %) performed during the deferent ampullas massage. Procedure of semen quality evaluation considering general ejaculate parameters (color, volume, concentration) and specific microscopic observation about viability fresh-post thawed with differential staining (Eosin/Nigrosin, Spermac and Farrelly staining), kinetic CASA parameters (Ivos II, Hamilton Thorne, Germany). Data analysis (Pearson correlation indices) revealed important correlations among scrotal circumference, serum testosterone and semen kinetic parameters. Furthermore, increasing the testicular parenchyma echogenicity, the semen volume used to lower. Testicular and vesicular glands ultrasound exam give us important information about seminal plasma quantity. Particularly vesicular glands echogenicity has shown high relationship with quantity of seminal plasma and therefore low sperm concentration. Physics equipment as ultrasonography may optimize collection procedure performed with electro-ejaculator. Body mass and vesicular glands dimension can influence the induction success and the semen freezeability.


In response to the low accuracy exhibited by the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), we propose an enhanced Differential Evolution and Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (DE-BOA). This algorithm integrates the global search capability of the differential evolution algorithm with the local search capability of the Bayesian optimization algorithm, which enables a more comprehensive exploration of the vector solution space. A comparative analysis of various types of rainfall events is conducted. For model calibration and validation, a drainage subzone in Jinshazhou, Guangzhou City, is selected as the research subject. In total, 20 specific rainfall events are selected, and the DE-BOA algorithm outperforms the manual calibration, the differential evolution algorithm, and the Bayesian optimization algorithm regarding model calibration accuracy. Furthermore, the DE-BOA algorithm exhibits robust adaptability to rainfall events characterized by multiple peaks and higher precipitation levels, with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient values surpassing 0.90. This study's findings could hold significant reference value for dynamically updating model parameters, thereby enhancing the model simulation performance and improving the accuracy of the urban intelligent water management platform.


One cannot make bricks without straw, although deep learning has been widely used, it is a data hungry technique that requires numerous labeled samples. Unfortunately, finger vein dataset has a few images per class which is far from meeting the requirements. To alleviate this problem, considering the powerful ability of graph-based models on relational tasks, we innovatively propose an end-to-end graph neural network(GNN) FVGNN. Images are mapped into embedding node features and then concatenated with labels as inputs. The model learns how to compare inputs, rather than memorize a specific mapping from images to classes. Most of the previous algorithms has a lot of preprocessing and parameter tuning, but in our framework, these are not required. We test our lightweight framework on two well-known datasets, it converges quickly and gets promising results with the accuracy of 99.98%, which outperforms the previous best result.


A GROUP of caskets in bone or ivory, varying in length, width, and height, but of oblong shape, forms a very interesting branch of the work of the carvers of the Byzantine period. The source can be clearly traced, for the Mycenaeans used such caskets, and the Romans followed the Greeks in their make and use, though the circular type (pyxis) was more popular than the oblong shape. The Christians in turn adopted and adapted the pagan examples, but they used the pyxis for exclusively religious purposes. Examples of this branch of the carver's craft are common to all countries, and were very generally in use during the periods preceding the Renaissance; but by far the most interesting and largest group, made up of fifty or more caskets and as many single panels, came from the hands of Byzantine carvers and their immediate successors. In construction, a wooden core or 4me, formed the base upon which the panels were fastened by means of pegs, and the ivory was often stained, painted, or gilded, so that the finished product presented a very sumptuous appearance. The lids were arranged when flat to slide or open upon hinges; or as truncated pyramids, always hinged. Among the known examples covers of the latter shape are somewhat more numerous, but the two styles seem to have been equally popular. In decoration one feature is almost uniformly present; the panels, whether long and narrow, or almost square, are framed by borders made up of a series of rosettes enclosed in circles, and in the triangular spaces above and below the point of contact of the circles, arrow heads are placed. Monotony is avoided by slight variations in the shape of the rosettes, changes in the depth of the cutting, and, in a few cases, the alternating of medallion-heads with the rosettes. The use of the medallionheads may be directly due to the influence of the silversmiths, who used them as ornamental borders for platters, etc. The stereotyped character of the principal band has a decided interest, for, unless used by Byzantine carvers or those influenced by them, we do not find it popular in the West. In the East the


The time lag problem of water level response of observation wells is investigated.Taking the sinusoidal water-level fluctuation function of outside well for an example,hydraulic equilibrium condition of inside and outside of observation well is analyzed.And the analytical relationship between observed water level inside well and true water level outside well is established.The optimal least square method is used to fit observed data with polynomial and the approaching true values are obtained.The results show that the proposed method is capable of reproducing true values from the observed values and it has merits in simple computation and high accuracy.


Health accounts document changes over time in the level and composition of health spending. There has been a continued evolution in the ability to track such outlays. Less rapid has been the ability to interpret changes in spending. In this paper we apply quality adjusted price indexes for several major mental disorders to national mental health expenditure account estimates to assess changes in real "output". We show that using the new price indexes reveals large gains in real output relative to the application of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' indexes.


In line with the technological developments and the increasing access to the Internet, and after the health competences transfer, almost all Autonomous Communities (ACs) created virtual health sciences libraries which provide access to electronic resources and offer librarian services to the professionals of the health service. The creation of the virtual libraries has not followed common patters in all ACs and today, we can appreciate different organizational designs of the virtual libraries in health sciences in the ACs. However, all of them should offer a minimum of resources and services to ensure the equity in the access to relevant information needed for clinical decision making, which will has a direct impact on the quality of health care.


This is a mandrel used to fabricate seamless belts including those used in electrophotographic marking systems. The mandrel has a center core unit with two circular caps on each side. In between the caps is sandwiched a deformable O-ring which is outwardly deformed upon tightening of the two caps together. Once a tubular sheet is placed over the mandrel, the elastomeric O-ring will hold the sheet in place for further processing.


Meso-well array as a range, the number of thermally stable large pore size of the metal oxide-block copolymer composite or meso-porous film, fibers, and monoliths an amphipathic block that acts as a structure directing agent for the metal oxide in the self-assembled system It is formed using a copolymer. Meso-porous, macroporous, inorganic oxides, block polymers


This article explores the links between Eritrea's current refugee crisis, militarized state-led development policies, and the sending government's efforts to (re)capture migrants economically and politically through transnational governance and the exploitation of migrants' vulnerabilities. We argue that the state's developmental approach has contributed to the mass exodus of young Eritreans who paradoxically become of greater economic and political value to the transnational government after migration. Our analysis highlights the intersections between the political and developmental dimensions of displacement and exposes how refugee / asylum flows from Eritrea severely confound conventional distinctions between political and economic migration. By adopting a transnational perspective combined with insights from development-forced displacement studies, we are able to address the ways that sending states like Eritrea pursue migrants for specific political and economic ends.


The present research investigates the effectiveness of using a telep- resence system compared to a video conferencing system and the effectiveness of using two cameras compared to one camera for remote physical therapy. The telepresence system that was used is Telegie, which allows users to see a place in 3D through a VR head- set. Using two cameras with a video conferencing system allows users to see a place from multiple angles and provides additional spa- tial information. These two approaches of providing users additional spatial information were examined and compared in the context of remote physical therapy through a user study with 11 physical therapists who had subject matter expertise and 76 participants who acted as physical therapy patients. We conducted detailed interviews of therapists at the end of their participation. Results showed that none of the main effects of using telepresence and using two cameras were supported via t-tests. However, additional analyses using linear mixed models with individual differences of participants controlled revealed a marginally significant positive effect of using two cam- eras on assessment scores from the therapists. The findings of this paper indicate that video fidelity of remote communication systems matters and therefore suggest telepresence systems should provide sufficient video clarity. Spatial ability of patients was found as a strong predictor of therapist assessments.


Orthostatic hypotension is frequent with aging with a prevalence of 20%–30% in people aged 65 or older and is considered to increase the risk for coronary events, strokes and dementia. Our objective was to characterize the association of orthostatic hypotension and cognitive function longitudinally over 6 years in a large cohort of the elderly aged over 50 years.


Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prophylactic inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by aminoguanidine (AG) on serum levels of some adipocytokines in pristane-induced arthritis in rats. Methods: Forty white Albino rats were divided randomly into four groups; each group was composed of ten rats (five male and five female). Group I (AP) has received AG (100 mg/kg/day) i. p. for seven days, and then at day 8, has received single 150 µl pristane dose sc. at the base of rat's tail. Group II (PC) has only received single 150 µl pristane sc. at the base of rat's tail, at day 8 from the start of the experiment. Group III (AC) has only received AG (100 mg/kg/day)i. p. for seven days. Group VI (VC) has only received normal saline via i. p. injection for seven days. At the end of the experiment time, rats were sacrificed, and serum samples were obtained and used for the measurement of iNOS, rheumatoid factor (RF), c-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukine-6 (IL-6), leptin and adiponectin levels, using the corresponding rat ELISA kits. Results: Administration of pristane for the induction of RA has resulted in significant increase in all of the measured parameters in PC group as compared to VC and AC groups, except for iNOS where the increase was significant as compared to AC group only. Serum levels of RF, CRP and IL-6 in AP group have showed to be significantly elevated as compared to VC and AC groups. Administration of AG has resulted in different levels of reduction in all of the measured parameters in AP group as compared to PC group. The reduction was statistically significant with regard to CRP and leptin. Conclusion: prophylactic administration of the selective iNOS inhibitor AG, has resulted in a reduction in serum levels of the measured adipocytokines which may reflect a reduction in the severity of PIA.


Congenital cysts of the neck in children are not uncommon. Most of these are thyroglossal, branchial cleft, or less commonly, thymic cysts. Bronchial cysts rarely are initially seen as a neck mass.


Videomicroscopy as a tool for investigating olefin gas phase co-polymerization is presented in this paper. This technique enables the simultaneous detection of the individual growth of a large number of catalyst particles. The focus is to study the kinetic behaviour of different types of Ziegler- and metallocene catalysts and to demonstrate that videomicroscopy can help to assign a given catalyst system to the appropriate model. Further, the density problem, the estimation of activation energies of single grains, the particle volume enlargement of amorphous copolymers and the comonomer effect are adressed.


Hot spring tourism has become a fashionable leisure tourism mode in China, and hot spring tourism culture is the core experience content. This paper first introduces the domestic hot spring tourism and cultural creative development, and then analyzes the cultivation status and existing problems of Xianning hot spring tourism industry and cultural creative industry. Finally, it proposes the countermeasures and suggestions of Xianning tourism industry and cultural creative industry coupling, namely, hot spring tourism culture brand strategy, product diversity, product difference and cultural industry.


ABSTRACT In 1924 and 1925, the Mexican-born, American-educated Jewish writer Anita Brenner (1905–1974) worked in Mexico for the Jewish association B'nai B'rith, which helped immigrants fleeing poverty and persecution in Europe and Asia Minor. Many of these immigrants wanted to reach the United States but chose Mexico due to the migratory restrictions of the United States. Brenner, a 'modern girl,' documented the experiences of these new arrivals to Mexico. Her diligent observations into the effect of migratory policies on women highlight the organization's concerns with the white slave trade, as well as the League of Nations. This essay analyzes Brenner's articles through the methodology of written culture in this context of international migration and concerns about the white slave trade. Brenner documented the human side of immigration and exposed the rumours in relation to white slave traffic. Brenner portrayed Mexico as a safe destination for Jewish immigrants during the interwar period.


Extracted from text ... I am indebted to Hermann Giliomee, Cynthia Kros, Sandra Swart and Colin van Zyl for
constructive criticisms of various drafts of this article. The usual disclaimers apply. I would also
like to thank Trevor Moses of the National Film Archive, who helped me with information on
films promoting tourism, and Alida Green for research assistance.
1. J.K. Walton, ed., Histories of Tourism: Representation, Identity and Conflict (Clevedon, 2005),
1; see also J.K. Walton, 'Taking the History of Tourism Seriously', European History Quarterly,
27, 4 (2003), 563-71.
2. K. Semmens, Seeing Hitler's Germany: Tourism in the Third Reich (Houndmills, 2005); see ..


Drawing on Mary Douglas' classic social analysis in 'Purity and Danger' (1966) I argue that youth sport is a purity system and that pollution of it, through child abuse, breaches the belief system that still attaches to sport. I explore research attitudes and practices in conventional sport science and, in particular, examine the politics of researching a topic that has low perceived performance value. I suggest that the notion of 'pollution' has potential for understanding not only the denial of child abuse in sport but also its marginal status as a sport science research topic. One solution to this state of affairs is to recast children and young people in sport as 'human beings' first and 'humans doing' second. Some implications of such an approach for a youth sport research agenda are drawn out.


Corporate websites have become an indispensable part of corporate activities. These websites have such functions as providing system infrastructure for sending/receiving information, delivering content and distributing product information by e-mail or member's site, or assisting the transition of corporate marketing techniques in response to changes in the internal/external environment. The purpose of this study is to clarify the ways and processes by which corporate website design has been changed in response to environmental changes and to leave a record of the transition. In this study, the Official Website of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation will be used to analyze the purpose, concept and measures taken to a transition of a corporate website in the face of changes to laws, standards, technologies, market needs and internal needs. Examples are based on internal documents of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, and interviews with relevant persons.


Are social relations a source of resources? A definition of social capital In this article it is presented a definition of the concept of social capital. Social capital is understood as resources —obligations of reciprocity and information— derived from social networks. It is also presented some arguments against the usual definitions of social capi- tal found in the literature are also presented.


[Objective] To explore the significance of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in evaluating the damage of mumps meningoencephalitis to brain and hearing by BAEP screening in children with mumps meningoen-cephalitis. [Method] 164 cases who were clinically diagnosed as mumps meningoencephalitis were screened by BAEP. [Results] Among them,the incidence of abnormal BAEP with characteristic prolonged latent period of different wave(Ⅱ 、Ⅲ、Ⅴ) ,interpeak latency(Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ) and higher threshold of auditory sensation was 15. 8%. In the follow-up of the 11 cases with abnormal BAEP,2 cases were get better and 5 cases with hearing loss were irreversible. [Conclusions] BAEP is one of the useful methods for evaluating the damage of mumps meningoencephalitis to brain and hearing . The results suggest that the children with mumps meningoencephalitis should be screened by BAEP.


In their article Paul Emerson and colleagues address an important disease trachoma which is still ignored in developing countries. Despite being the largest cause of preventable blindness in many parts of Asia and Africa trachoma is rarely discussed in scientific journals. This could be because the disease affects a population that has no voice in setting health priorities and has the poorest water sanitation and health services. Transmission is more frequent in poor communities where crowding is common and access to water and sanitation inadequate. Besides reduction of the fly population as pointed out by Emerson and colleagues other simple measures could be helpful in decreasing trachoma. The SAFE strategy promoted by WHO could be ideal for preventing the disease—eg "F" is for facial hygiene which can be improved with small amounts of water. Water quality and quantity are also important factors in disease control. In South Africa reduced distances to water supplies have been shown to diminish the prevalence of trachoma by 30%. (excerpt)


Abstract : This documented briefing provides some guidelines for the development of a promising new method for teaching the complex skills required of high-level combat service support (CSS) staff members. The goal of training for theater-level CSS staffs is to master complex skills. These individuals will need to find important trends in streams of data, determine their likely impacts on the ongoing operation, and finally influence CSS operations to achieve the desired support. Today's training methods and tools-narrow in scope, cumbersome, and resource-intensively train these skills poorly. The Army's Combined Arms Support Command (CASCOM) asked the Arroyo Center to develop a better way to train these staffs. At the heart of the new methodology for CSS staff training is the development of a skills matrix, supported by microworld training tools. The skills matrix departs from current checklists of staff tasks found in mission training plans (MTPs) by laying out skills at a greater level of detail and by providing flexibility in the groupings of skills used to train particular staff sections or members. Microworld models, or "management flight simulators," are an excellent training tool. Created using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) software, these models can be quickly developed and modified to meet specific training needs, can be disseminated widely for individual training or used in group training sessions, and can be acquired at a cost much lower than those of traditional training simulations (such as CSSTSS or CBS). Two prototype models a hypothetical theater distribution system and the POL distribution network in the early phases of Operation Joint Endeavor (Bosnia)-demonstrate the promise of the microworld as a training tool. Several lessons for CASCOM, as the training developer of the microworld models, became apparent in this research project.


Background
Treatment of complications after esophageal stent placement and methods for removal of stents need to be improved. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-in-stent (SIS) removal of esophageal stent under fluoroscopy.

Methods
This study analyzed the clinical data of consecutive patients undergoing esophageal stent removal by the SIS technique under fluoroscopy. The procedure was performed under local anesthesia on conscious sedated patients. Under fluoroscopy, a second esophageal stent was released within the lumen of the first esophageal stent. The second stent was larger than the first, with both ends protruding 1-2 cm beyond the ends of the first stent. Four weeks later, both esophageal stents were removed by the SIS technique under fluoroscopy. All procedures were performed by the same interventional radiologist (with >10 years of experience).

Results
A total of 25 patients were treated by the SIS removal technique. In 23 patients, the first esophageal stent was easily removed by the SIS technique; in the other 2 patients, stent fracture occurred, and some residual nitinol wire had to be removed endoscopically. No serious complications occurred in any patient.

Conclusions
The SIS removal technique appears to be a safe and effective method for removal of embedded esophageal metallic stents.


One of the factors that affect the electrical characteristics and parameters of integrated circuits is the external pressure, which most often results from delamination processes in the thickness of the chip body. Under the influence of pressure, the band gap of the semiconductor changes, which leads to changes in the electrical parameters of the active and passive components of the IC. Current models of bandgap dependence on pressure are very simplified, do not provide modeling accuracy in a wide range of pressure values, which does not allow to development of adequate mathematical models of semiconductor components for further study of the effect of pressure on the electrical characteristics and parameters of integrated circuits. To build a more accurate mathematical model of the dependence of the bandgap of silicon on the external pressure, the effect of pressure on the electrical parameters of the semiconductor resistor and diode in the integrated circuit was experimentally investigated. The choice of passive and active components for experimental research made it possible to eliminate the influence of the features of technological manufacturing processes and to obtain more reliable data for further construction of the approximation model. The studies were performed in the pressure range from 0 to 25 GPa. Measurements were made using a specially designed measuring stand. The stand makes it possible to perform high-precision measurements of the resistance of integral resistors, VAC diodes, and transistors under the influence of controlled pressure applied to the surface of the passive or active component implemented in the IC crystal. The measurement error of this stand is determined by the error of the multimeter and is +/- 0.001 V for voltage and +/- 0.0001 A for current. An error of +/- 0,025 N is introduced by the force sensor. The expressions were obtained to determine the bandwidth value due to the experimental values of the resistor and current resistance through the diode at zero pressure and a certain amount of pressure, which allowed us to construct the bandgap of silicon on the pressure. It is shown that the classical linear model does not reflect the real nonlinear nature of such a dependence. A clarifying nonlinear coefficient is proposed and a series of computational experiments are conducted to select the most optimal method of approximation of the experimental data. In the computational experiment, such methods of approximation as power, logarithmic, hyperbolic, and exponential were investigated. All calculations were performed using MATLAB R2016a. To increase the approximation accuracy, 25 experimental data points were used in the calculations. The smallest relative error of approximation was obtained for hyperbolic approximation. Using the hyperbolic approximation, an empirical model of the dependence of the bandgap of silicon on the external pressure is constructed, the error of which does not exceed 2 % in the pressure range from 0 to 25 GPa. Using the proposed empirical model of the dependence of the width of the silicon band gap on the pressure, empirical models of the corresponding dependences of the resistance of the integrated resistor and the current through the integrated diode are constructed. Adjustment coefficients are proposed which allowed reducing the relative error of the model for resistance up to 11%, for current up to 25%. The obtained accuracy of the models allows us to use them for further studies of the influence of pressure on the electrical characteristics of integrated circuits using circuit analysis and optimization.


Background: Recently, it has been shown that, piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) as a new class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play crucial roles in germline development and carcinogenesis. Despite this, the study on the effects of piRNAs polymorphism (piR-SNP) on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is scarce. We evaluate the impact of rs11776042 in piRNA 015551 on CRC initiation and development in the Iranian population for the first time.
Methods: The association of novel polymorphisms rs11776042 in piRNA 015551 gene with CRC risk using a case-control study on the Iranian population was estimated. In this project 284 CRC patients and 389 non-cancerous controls were evaluated by TETRA primer-Amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (TP-ARMS- PCR assay).
Results: The genotypes frequency was 27%, 68% and 0.05% for C/C, C/T and T/T in controls and 31%, 65% and 0.04% in CRC patients respectively. The frequency of the C allele was 63% in patients versus 61% in controls and, T allele frequency was 37% in patients versus 39% in controls.
Conclusion: No significant difference was found in genotype and allele frequencies between the cases and controls for rs11776042 polymorphism in piRNA 015551 in our population.


Along with all the traditionalism of ancient cultures, there was also a place for seeking innovation. History reveals more or less significant changes in the planning and development of settlements, which took place for various reasons. It is important for us to be able to distinguish the changes forced by natural disasters and conquests from systematic, predetermined by cultural traditions themselves, with their inner cycles of formation, dying and revival. The report provides an analysis of these cycles, which explain the ambiguous attitude towards the old and new in the same culture. Special attention will be paid to the system of inheritance called "Minorat", or "Junior Right", according to which older sons had to resettle in new places. Knyazes and Tsars also moved their residences and rebuilt palaces, which was a tradition that needs to be studied. The idea formulated in Domostroy to constantly fight against the dilapidation of the household in the name of maintaining its "eternal youth", is of particular interest, allowing to draw parallels with the


Abstract Each society has its own ways of preparing young people for adult life. In Botswana, for centuries, youth were prepared for the transition to adulthood through initiation (bogwera and bojale) where both boys and girls were taught about their new roles. With colonialisation and Christianity these practices were largely abandoned and formal schooling became the means to prepare youth for their futures. The failure of increasing numbers of school leavers to be absorbed by the modern economy and the new society resulted in displacement, alienation and delinquency. In 1980, Botswana introduced a form of national service for Form V leavers – Tirelo Setshaba, a non-military, individual placement, user-department-based scheme. Tirelo Setshaba was developed as an exercise in nation-building, designed to encourage self-development of participants, to enable them to participate in rural development, especially in remote areas, and to sensitise them to other social and cultural situations. Today, Tirelo Sets...


DID SCIENCE IN IMPERIAL GERMANY face incipient structural problems by the turn of the century? One weakness that has been pointed out was the university research-teaching institute, which was directed by a senior professor solely responsible for a large academic discipline such as chemistry. While these institutes may have sufficed for nineteenth-century science, twentieth-century science required a "modern" organization that would be at once more specialized, less hierarchical, and more open to interdisciplinary research. But by the turn of the century the obstacles facing would-be reformers of German academic institutions were so great that fundamental changes could be brought about only by creating new institutions, not by modifying existing ones. The German institute system prevailed, only to become a handicap to German scientists.


Given an imperative from women leaders in dentistry for our women professionals to participate in international efforts to improve the health of women and girls, emerging methods in technology that could serve to connect women leaders and professional women globally were surveyed. Based on a


Lewis, Kan., Nov. 16, 1908. To the Editor: I wish to answer your Paris correspondent's question inThe Journal, Oct. 10, 1908. Speaking of the advantages accruing from the use of only one language in international medical congresses, he says: "The ideal, however, would evidently be to adopt for communications and for discussions a single language, as has been done for international relations. Some believe that only a new, artifically created language, such as Esperanto, is capable of answering the requirements; but is it not chimerical to think of adopting an artificial language when it would be much simpler to use a living one?" Then he goes on to urge the use of French. Certainly, one can not deny that one language only would be the ideal—not only for medical, but for all international relations—but with the correspondent's conclusion as to French and Esperanto, many will take issue, even many


Abstract Continuous field monitoring during drifts excavation at the Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory showed anisotropic hydromechanical responses, which are mainly evidenced in: (1) pore pressure field around the drifts with zones of marked overpressure; (2) the development of a dissymmetrical fractured zone induced by the excavation. These observations suggest that in addition to the initial stress state, the inherent anisotropy of the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone plays a key role in the response of rock formation. Numerical modelling show that inherent elastic anisotropy is not adequate to fully explain the pore pressure evolution during excavation. This paper aims to show and explain qualitatively and quantitatively the main trends of the excavation induced pore pressure evolution around drifts. First, a qualitative analysis is performed, based on a closed-form solution of elastic fields around an elliptical opening (in order to simulate fractured zone shape), embedded in a transversely isotropic rock. Then, a coupled poro-elasto-plastic analysis is performed, by taking into account a perfect poro-elasto-plastic behavior for both the intact rock and the induced fractured zones with different plastic parameters. It is shown that upon the determination of extension and shape of fractured zone, overpressures induced by the excavation can be well reproduced.


N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) in the mammalian central nervous system (Curatelo et al. 1965; Miyamoto et al. 1966). In the 1980s, it was clearly demonstrated with immunohistochemistry that NAAG is present throughout the CNS (Anderson et al. 1986; Blakely et al. 1987; Cangro et al. 1987; Forloni et al. 1987; Tsai et al. 1988; Frondoza et al. 1990). NAAG has been shown to be abundant in the central nervous system and it has been proposed to be a neurotransmitter. Additionally it has been proposed to be a selective agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 3 (mGlu3) (Wroblewska et al. 1997) as well as a selective agonist of native NMDA receptors (NMDARs; Westbrook et al. 1986). A number of studies have suggested that NAAG is a neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (for review, see Neale et al. 2005). Although indeed there is substantial evidence supporting this hypothesis, and this commentary does not intend to discuss all of those supporting data, neurotransmitters (other than NO or CO), particularly peptide or amino acids, interact with post-synaptic receptors to transduce their signaling. Thus, a key piece in the claim that NAAG is a neurotransmitter, is that it interacts with a receptor and that it is an agonist at mGlu3 receptors. Wroblewska et al. (1997) claimed that NAAG is a highly selective agonist at mGlu3 receptors with an EC50 of 65 lM measured at a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding domain of mGlu3 and the transmembrane domain and carboxy terminus of mGlu1a. Two recent publications (Chopra et al. 2009; Fricker et al. 2009) have questioned whether NAAG per se has physiological activity at mGlu3 receptors. These two studies independently showed that NAAG, when purified, is not an agonist at mGlu3 receptors. Both of these groups sought to better understand the role of NAAG as a tool compound and potential neurotransmitter. In their efforts, they discovered that when commercial samples of NAAG were purified of glutamate, activity in functional assays disappeared. In work in our laboratories (Chopra et al. 2009), we assessed two commercial samples of NAAG and found them to have significant glutamate contamination. This work was first motivated by our studies performed at Sibia Neurosciences with human mGlu3 receptors (e.g. Varney et al. 1999) where we had struggled to demonstrate that purified NAAG (100 lM) was a selective agonist at human mGlu3 receptors using several different assay systems. Chopra et al. (2009) demonstrated that unpurified commercial NAAG activated mGlu3 when co-expressed with Ga15 while purified NAAG had no activity in this preparation. Additionally, this study showed that unpurified NAAG could activate rat or human mGlu3 receptors co-expressed with G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channel (GIRK) channels in Xenopus oocytes. When NAAG was purified, it no longer had significant activity at mGlu3 receptors. There was trace activity seen in the rat mGlu3 preparation. It should be noted that in the rat and human mGlu3 GIRK assay, the glutamate EC50s were determined to be 28 and 58 nM respectively. A trace contamination of 0.01–0.02% glutamate in 100 lM NAAG sample could explain the residual response seen in the rat mGlu3 preparation; the HPLC analysis indicated that the remaining level of glutamate was in this range. In the study by Fricker et al. (2009), three commercial samples of NAAG were found to have significant glutamate contamination and were purified by cation exchange chromatography with purity demonstrated by HPLC and mass spectrometry. Using this purified NAAG, they assessed its


Method: A group of 213 females, 20 to 26 years of age, took part in the study. 92 women (control group) and 121 women (research group). We used the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), the Socio-cultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) and a questionnaire of behavior towards the body. A selection of dependent variable predictors of disorder was made and a classification tree was developed.


This report has two main objectives: First, to contribute information on the distribution and taxonomic characters of the katydid genus Dicranostomus Dohrn; second, to acquaint general entomologists and teachers with the principal features of these very unusual South American insects. The most conspicuous feature of these katydids is a pair of forceps-like appendages borne on the anterior surfaces of the mandibles. Most North American entomologists are scarcely acquainted with such structures except in males of the dobsonfly, Corydalus Latr. (Megaloptera). For this reason I have assembled brief notes on representative cases of striking mandibular structures that occur among mandibulate insects of other orders, mentioning examples that have come to my attention through the kindness of several colleagues.


Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is regarded as a quality pulse. Urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) causes huge losses in mungbean. Eleven varieties and lines of Mungbean were screened under field conditions to identify resistant source against ULCVD. None of the varieties and lines was found to be highly resistant against ULCVD. Four entries: NM-2006, Azri-2006, M-6 and M-97001 appeared to be resistant. The remaining seven varieties and lines showed varying degree of susceptibility to ULCVD. For the management of ULCVD, use of resistant source is an environmental friendly approach.


A plasma containing only a small number N?150 of electrons and ions in a cubical volume V=L3 is studied theoretically. The electrostatic potential energy UαN is computed for a large number N?20000 of random particle configurations, labeled α. The values UαN are used for determining the density of states GN(UN) and the thermal average ?N of the potential energy. Upper and lower limits for N and N as functions of density and temperature are presented which show that the computer simulation is most convenient for high density, low temperature plasmas for which conventional analytical methods become very complicated. The properties of GN(UN) and ?N are discussed and it is demonstrated that ?N approaches the Debye‐Huckel value UD in an oscillatory manner if the ratio L/λD increases beyond unity, where λD is the Debye shielding length. Suggestions for future work are made.


The cancer-prone neurodegenerative disorder, ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), results from mutations of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated). Individuals with A-T are also hypersensitive to ionizing radiation (IR). Cultured cells from A-T individuals or Atm2/2 mice have cell cycle and growth defects and are generally considered radiosensitive. However, it has been shown recently that cell populations in theAtm2/2 central nervous system are radioresistant. To define specific IR sensitivities of neural populations, we analyzedAtm2/2 astrocytes. Here we show that Atm2/2 astrocytes exhibit premature senescence, express constitutively high levels of p21, and have impaired p53 stabilization. However, in contrast to radiosensitiveAtm2/2 fibroblasts and radioresistant Atm2/2 neurons, survival of Atm2/2 astrocytes after IR was similar to wild-type astrocytes. Additionally, p53-null astrocytes, but not fibroblasts, were moderately more radioresistant than their wild-type counterparts, suggesting that the deficit in p53 stabilization observed in Atm-null cells is not a measure of radiation susceptibility. Thus, in astrocytes, the function of Atm in cellular growth and radiosensitivity is distinct. These data may have implications for ATM disruption strategies as a radiosensitizing treatment for brain tumors.


The scientific research level and its supporting function towards teaching are the significant assessment aspect of the teaching evaluation. On the basis of the combination of scientific research and teaching, this paper expounds the important status of scientific research in police academy and the necessity of linking with teaching, in addition, it briefly discusses the foundation of the transiting mechanism, main contents, manners, forms and so on.


Because it is widely acknowledged that transportation played a decisive role in the economic growth, the decreasing transportation prices were a constant preoccupation in the discussions on political economy and in the reform policies launched by the State since the end of the 18 th century. At that time the transportation prices became an object of inquiry with in a context of a better viability of the infrastructure network, and increase competition between the various means of transportation. In 1811, a survey covering the whole Empire provided a set of prices for road transportation and river navigation, in the context of the Continental Blocus which pushed onto internal routes a large number of maritime shipping expeditions. On the basis of these data, I would like to measure the price elasticity of transports, their regional volatility and their role in the market integration. The price-setting process was affected by a number of factors. Since along with the cost relative to distance one had to consider the types of goods shipped, the mode of circulation (transportation by road being as a rule more expensive than transportation by water), the unequal density of the communication networks, the choice of carrier (in a competitive context of the haulage companies and the messageries ), the conveyance speed, the degree of risk, the filling rate of vehicles, and the seasonal availability of carriers. Transportation prices were also influenced by the direction in which navigation took place (going upstream was more expensive, or disequilibria between incoming and outgoing freight loads). On the other hand, the importance of duties imposed on circulation seems apparently limited. Overall, the multiplicity of the parameters involved means that building any aggregated index would be a particularly complex task.


The future use of the CERN SPS accelerator as injector for the Large Hadron Collider, LHC, and the possible use of the SPS as a neutrino source for the Gran Sasso experiment are pushing the maximum intensity requirements of the accelerator much higher than achieved up to now. At the same time the requirements on beam quality are becoming far more stringent. The SPS machine, built in the 70's, is not a "smooth" machine. It contains many discontinuities in vacuum chamber cross-section and many cavity-like objects, as well as the 5 separate RF systems at present installed. All these lead to a high impedance, seen by the beam, spread over a wide frequency range. As a result there is a constant fight against instabilities, both single and multi bunch, as the intensity increases. A program of studies is under way in the SPS to identify, reduce, and remove where possible the sources of these impedances.


New technologies have shown significant promise in the fight against infectious diseases, with the discovery of novel molecular targets for in vitro diagnostics and the improved design of vaccines. In developing countries, especially in areas of neglected diseases and resources-poor settings, a number of technological innovations are further needed, such as the integration of old and new biomarkers in suitable analysis platforms, the simplification of existing analysis systems, and the improvement of sample preservation and management. However, in these areas, identification of new biomarkers for infectious diseases is still a core issue in the diagnostic quest. Similarly, new technologies will allow scientists to design vaccines with improved immunogenicity, efficacy and safety in the local area, according to the circulating pathogenic strains and the genetic background of the population to be immunized. In this work we review the current omics-based technologies and their potential for accelerating the development of next generation vaccines and the identification of biomarkers suitable for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications.


Marshall McIntosh' apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) on M.7A, M.26, M.9/MM.106, and M.9/MM.111 were planted at 10 locations in Massachusetts. After seven growing seasons, trees on M.7A were the largest and trees on M.26, M.9/MM.106, and M.9/MM.111 were similar in size on all sites. Trees on M.7A outyielded (1986-88) trees on the other rootstocks at only three of the 10 sites. At three sites, trees on M.7A and M.26 were similarly yield-efficient, but on all other sites trees on M.7A were the least efficient. Trees on M.9/MM.111 and M.9/MM.106 were similarly efficient on all but two sites


Intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) is an imaging modalityto obtaina cross-section inside the coronary by using a tiny transducer which sit in the end of catheter. It was recently known as a new golden standard of coronary imaging. In this paper, we overviewed the products and development of IVUS transducers.


ABSTRACT: Contemporary losses of early-successional young forest and shrubland habitat have resulted in range-wide population declines of numerous wildlife species, establishing shrubland conservation as a high priority in the eastern United States. However, the extent and spatial distribution of shrubland habitat is lacking for many locations. The Landsat program is an important resource for quantifying vegetation and land cover, but recent applications indicate that divergent structural characteristics between certain feature classes, such as vegetation height, are not readily captured by spectral response alone. The fusion of Landsat imagery with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data at the pixel level into existing supervised classification schemes may offset this discrepancy. We used multispectral images from Landsat 8′s Operational Land Imager (OLI) to compare Landsat OLI and Landsat OLI-LiDAR fusion data in the classification of 10 vegetation and land cover types across a ∼5000 km2 area in southeastern Ohio at the native 30-m Landsat resolution. Fusion data produced a 12% increase in overall classification accuracy from the Landsat OLI model and met minimum mapping accuracy standards in remote sensing. Importantly, LiDAR textural bands in the fusion model improved discrimination of forest and shrubland classes with the most dramatic difference manifesting as a 75% increase in shrubland user's accuracy. We demonstrate that Landsat OLI–LiDAR fusions are valuable for accurate shrubland mapping in forestlands. Additionally, we show that vegetation and land cover modeling can be easily integrated into existing wildlife monitoring programs by simultaneously sampling vegetation classes and wildlife communities from similar locations.


This paper includes the determination homocysteine level and trace elements magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn)and iron (Fe) in ppm (part per million); lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd ), selenium (Se ), chromium (Cr ) and germanium (Ge ) in ppb (part per billion)) in random serum of patients with pure ischemia, ischemia with hypertension and ischemia with diabetes. Homocysteine level was significantly increased ( P 0.05) were observed. The result of this study showed that concentration of the trace elements (Pb& Cd ) were significantly increased (P< 0.01) in patients groups in comparison with control group and the concentration of (Mg ,Zn, Se, Cr and Ge) were significantly decreased (P< 0.01) among patients groups in comparison with control group.


At present, the study of cognitive deficiencies in patients who suffer from alcohol dependence has been relevant in clinical studies because of the influence of these cognitive impairment on the prognosis and an adequate choice in the design of intervention strategies. In order to accomplish this study, a neuropsychological evaluation to 10 patients with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence compared to 10 people who do not have alcohol dependence was conducted. The technique used measured attentive capacities executive and memory. The only significant difference observed was in the normalized score of attention and executive capacities. In which the clinical sample showed some. Among the subtests that assessed executive functions, the one called category formation illustrated the existence of impairment in both the implementation and the results. The results dismissed the existence of a general cognitive impairment in the clinical sample. The results obtained in memory do not show a significant relationship between patients with alcohol dependence and the control group.


Although the etiology of synovial chondromatosis has not been completely clarified, it is assumed that the entity occurs as a result of metaplastic transformation of subsynovial and synovial tissue to the cartilage. The involvement of the ankle among the other joints is very rare, but the differential diagnosis of the disease chalIenges the orthopaedic surgeons, especially in the cases of Yong sportmen. In this article, the diagnosis and arthroscopic management of a case of synovial chondromatosis of ankle is presented and the diagnostic vaIue of MRI in early stage of the disease is emphasized.


The scientific literature rarely reports experimental failures or inconsistent outcomes in the induction of cell differentiation; however, researchers commonly experience poor or unsuccessful responses to differentiating agents when culturing stem cells. One way of investigating the underlying reasons for such responses is to look at the basal expression levels of specific genes in multipotent stem cells before the induction of differentiation. In addition to shedding light on the complex properties of stem cells and the molecular modulation of differentiation pathways, this strategy can also lead to the development of important time‐ and money‐saving tools that aid the efficient selection of cellular specimens – in this case, stem cells that are more prone to differentiate towards specific lineages and are therefore more suitable for cell‐based therapeutic protocols in regenerative medicine. To address this latter aspect, this study focused on understanding the reasons why some human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) samples are less efficient at differentiating towards chondrogenesis. This study shows that analysis of the basal expression levels of Slug, a negative regulator of chondrogenesis in hMSC, provides a rapid and simple tool for distinguishing stem cell samples with the potential to form a cartilage‐like matrix, and that are therefore suitable for cartilage tissue engineering. It is shown that high basal levels of Slug prevent the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs, even in the presence of transforming growth factor‐β and elevated levels of Sox9. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Starting with her curiosity with song translation, the writer, then, decides to make an analysis of gospel songs. Her decision to apply this idea in her research paper is because she often makes a comparison toward songs between the English version and the Indonesian version. From making a comparison, she has an assumption that some changes and elimination during the process of transferring can affect the content of the source language songs. Through this study, the writer wants to know what problems cause these changes and elimination by using Nida and Taber's theory The Commonest Problem of Content Transfer. The writer will use the descriptive research methodology. The writer will use a bilingual gospel cassette entitled More of You by Robert and Lea Soetanto as her object of this research. The writer decides to use this cassette as it is a unique cassette that contains songs both in English version and in Indonesian version. From the finding, the writer finds that from the eight problems of The Commonest Problem of Content Transfer theory, only four major problems commonly occur during the process of translation. The first position is shifts in central component of meaning problem (20). Specific to generic problem sits on the second position followed by pleonastic expression problem as the third position (8). Shifts from figurative to non figurative usage sits on the fourth position (6). After analyzing the data and getting the finding, the writer concludes that the changes and the elimination during the process of transferring really occurred. However in this cassette, the changes and the elimination do not result in the serious loss of meaning.


This article had as general objective to show the relationship of personality traits and anxiety in college students. The specific objectives were to define personality traits of the approach and anxiety and the relationship between the two. We conducted a research on literature review from Scielo, Pepsic, BVS-PSI source bases and from dissertations and


From the Publisher:
Unleash the power of Oracle8 with Oracle8 For Dummies. Inside, you'll find practical advice on how to create solid relational databases, work with examples of SQL that will run on any Oracle8 platform, and save time as you explore the Oracle8 program's unique features. Whether you use Oracle8 at home or at work, this reference offers clear answers and is logically organized for easy access to the information you need.
Inside, find helpful advice on how to
Work with dozens of examples of SQL code Design expert relational databases Develop tuning tips on how best to index columns Make sure that your databases are secure Apply SQL Plus examples and instructions for all Oracle8 platforms Diagram your database by following Carol's clear, simple steps Use the Oracle8 Enterprise Manager to control all aspects of your databases Decipher databases and SQL jargon Find and remove errors from your databases


Compared with the traditional training methods,it is researched that compounding technology training is very helpful to understand the details of technology,master the rhythm of action,strengthen action standard and improve the whole level.It is also helpful for athletes to improve the training motion and deepen the understanding of whole action about martial art.In all,it is a good way to improve the whole technology level of martial art.


A laboratory-scale trickle-bed air biofilter was evaluated for the removal of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) from a waste gas stream. Six-millimeter (6 mm) Celite pellets (R-635) were used as the biological attachment medium. Effects of MIBK volumetric loading rates on removal efficiency, biofilter reacclimation, biomass growth, and removal kinetics were studied under three different operating conditions, namely, backwashing and two intermittent periods (off chemical—no MIBK input; and off flow-no flow input). Backwashing of the biofilter once a week with full-medium fluidization removed the excess biomass and attained stable long-term performance with over 99% removal efficiency for loading rates less than 3.26 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) ∕ m3 day . The two intermittent periods could also sustain high removal efficiency for loading rates up to 1.09 kg COD∕ m3 day without any backwashing. The recovery time increased with an increase in loading rates. Furthermore, the intermittent operations required a ...


DR SHIP: Dr G is a 76-year-old semiretired surgeon. He is married, lives in the New York metropolitan area, and has indemnity insurance and Medicare. Dr G's ophthalmologic history was notable for mild myopia, bilateral drusen, and an episode of self-limited central serous retinopathy in the left eye at the age of 38 years. Approximately 3 years ago, he noted subtle vision changes. These symptoms progressed over a 2-month period and he saw his general ophthalmologist. He was found to have mild nuclear sclerotic cataracts (right greater than left), corrected visual acuity of 20/40 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye, and an exudative retinal detachment in the right eye. He was referred to a retinal specialist that day. Since that time, Dr G has received photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the right eye 5 times, twice with the experimental addition of intraocular triamcinolone. His visual acuity in the right eye initially showed some interval improvement, but has ultimately worsened to "count fingers" vision. His course has been complicated by chronic dry eyes, for which he has been unsuccessfully treated with artificial tears and cyclosporine drops, as well as bilateral nuclear sclerotic cataracts. Cataract surgery for the left eye was aborted 3 months ago when he sustained an intraorbital hemorrhage during anesthesia that required treatment by lateral canthotomy. Dr G's loss of visual acuity has dramatically altered his life. While he continues to teach, he stopped performing surgery when he lost depth perception (stereopsis) because of changes in the right eye. He does not feel he has adequate binocular vision to drive safely, so has become reliant on family, friends, and public transportation with the attendant loss of autonomy. He finds variable but occasionally profound difficulty seeing well enough to do small household repairs, to play the piano, and to read, all activities that used to occupy his time. He has become depressed. Dr G's past medical history is significant for hypertension, osteopenia, mild anemia, and migraine. Fifteen years ago his purified protein derivative test converted to positive and he took a course of isoniazid. His surgical history is notable for a prostatectomy and thymectomy. His current medications include the following: alendronate (35 mg every week), hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg daily), amlodopine (10 mg daily), aspirin (80 mg every other day), as well as naproxen and misoprostol (200 μg as needed for migraine). He has no drug allergies. He has a remote history of pipe smoking and drinks alcohol socially. At his most recent ophthalmologic examination, his visual acuity in the right eye was 20/400, in the left eye 20/ 30. The left fundus showed large soft drusen larger than 125 μm, mild pigmentary mottling, but no evidence of subretinal fluid or hemorrhage. Dr G wonders what he can do to avoid developing similar sight-threatening changes in his left eye and asks if there are any other treatments for his right eye that he might consider.


To improve the adsorption performance of polar,hydrophilic haloacetic acids(HAAs)on non-polar,hydrophobic activated carbon,the surface properties and HAAs adsorption ability of several activated carbons of different origins were characterized with N_2 adsorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and HAAs isothermal adsorption experiments, and the relationship between the surface chemistry characteristics and the adsorption ability of HAAs onto activated carbon was investigated.It was found that the adsorption capacity was influenced by the properties and contents of the surface chemical group.The adsorption capacity was higher with a lower oxo-group content.


The hydrologic uncertainty processor (HUP) is a component of the Bayesian forecasting system that produces a short‐term probabilistic river stage forecast based on a probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecast (PQPF). The task of the HUP is to quantify the hydrologic uncertainty under the hypothesis that there is no precipitation uncertainty. The hydrologic uncertainty is the aggregate of all uncertainties arising from sources other than those quantified by the PQPF; these sources include the hydrologic model (model and parameter uncertainties), inputs estimated deterministically (measurement, estimation, and prediction uncertainties), and inputs not forecasted (e.g., precipitation beyond the period covered by the PQPF). Bayesian theory for the HUP is presented, and a meta‐Gaussian model is developed. This parametric model allows for (1) any form of marginal distributions of river stages, (2) a nonlinear and heteroscedastic dependence structure between the model river stage and the actual river stage, and (3) an analytic solution of the Bayesian revision process. Estimation and validation of the model are described using data from the operational forecast system of the National Weather Service for a 1430‐km2 headwater basin.


This document diagnoses the effects of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) in the study of the demand for urban freight transport, by means of a comparison of different analysis scales to determine the relevance of working with different levels of detail. It is recommended to analyze the number of retail businesses, because they are the ones that mainly attract urban freight transport, and other variables of a socio-territorial type, considering three different spatial units: basic geostatistical area, electoral section, and regular 500-by-500-meter grids. For each scale, descriptive statistics parameters, correlation between variables, as well as global and local spatial autocorrelation (Moran-LISA's I) were obtained to determine the impact of the MAUP. The results obtained show that the electoral sections do not result in an adequate scale, unless it is used as a complementary scale, since the statistical results indicate a greater variation. However, its cartographic representation allows seeing spatial groupings that are not observed in the other scales, which can be a valuable contribution. In the case of the Basic Geostatistical Area (BGA) scale and the 500-by-500-meter grids, data show less dispersion. The variables analyzed show a greater correlation and present a greater global spatial autocorrelation, which is why it is determined that they may be the most appropriate scales to model the transport of merchandise in the study area. The site that had no discrepancy, regardless of the scale of analysis, was the historic downtown of the city of Toluca, so it can be considered a priority site based on its demand for merchandise and territorial characteristics, where regulation and transport control alternatives can be incorporated, as well as the creation of infrastructure to make deliv-eries more efficient and to mitigate its negative impacts.


SETTING
Bangalore City, South India.

OBJECTIVE
To estimate the trends in transmission of tuberculous infection.

METHODS
Two tuberculin surveys were carried out among children attending grades 1 and 2 of 60 selected schools at an interval of 8.3 years, corresponding to the period of DOTS expansion. Tuberculin testing was carried out using 1 tuberculin unit (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD) RT 23 with Tween 80, and the maximum transverse diameter of induration was recorded about 72 h later. As the reactions due to infection with tubercle bacilli could not be clearly delineated from cross-reactions on the frequency distributions of tuberculin reaction sizes at either survey, the prevalence of tuberculin reactions > or = 10 mm, > or = 12 mm and > or = 14 mm in size were compared between the two surveys. The annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI) was computed from the estimated prevalence of reactions > or = 14 mm in size.

RESULTS
Estimates of prevalence of reactions at all chosen cut-off points were lower at Survey II compared to Survey I. These differences were statistically significant. An average per annum decline in ARTI of about 4% was observed between the two surveys.

CONCLUSION
Tuberculosis control measures should be further intensified to enhance the rate of decline in transmission of infection.


A method, system and apparatus associated with the production of hydrocarbons are described. One apparatus includes a swellable packer element around a primary and a secondary flow path, wherein the packer is configured to block flow in a portion of a wellbore annulus. One method includes disposing sand control devices having shunt tubes and a packer within a wellbore adjacent to a subsurface reservoir. The packer is then set within an interval, which may be an open-hole section of the wellbore. With the packer set, gravel packing of the sand control devices in different intervals may be performed. Then, hydrocarbons are produced from the wellbore by passing hydrocarbons through the sand control devices with the different intervals providing zonal isolation. In some embodiments, intervals may be alternatively packed and plugged, wherein the plugged intervals are not packed. In addition, the method may also include disposing the sand control devices and packer into the wellbore in conditioned drilling fluid. The conditioned drilling fluid may be displaced adjacent to the sand control devices by a carrier fluid.


A spectrogram-based technique is presented for detection of time-and-bandwidth limited broadband signals in underwater audio. The approach employs an iterative 1-dimensional variant of a 2-dimensional multi-scale blob-detection technique commonly used in image processing. In contrast to the referenced 2-dimensional technique subject to an inherent bias for circular features, the iterative 1-dimensional approach enables detection of features of arbitrary bandwidth and duration. The iterative nature (of processing successive frames) makes it an attractive choice for in-situ streaming-mode applications. The algorithm automatically chooses values for several parameters based on the input spectrogram's frequency bounds and hence is capable of being readily employed for a variety of applications. The technique's applications include detection of broadband signals of interest, such as Omura's whale (Balaenoptera omurai) calls, underwater earthquakes or explosions. With long-term spectral averages, the technique may be used in identifying long-lasting sounds contributing to ambient noise, such as fish choruses or the sounds of wind and rain. A theoretical analysis of the proposed technique's performance is provided and its detection capability is demonstrated using representative examples.


Objective To determine the chemical constituents of Lithospermum zollingeri.Methods Many kinds of column chromatographies were used to isolate the compounds from the EtOH ext.of Lithospermum zollingeri DC.The chemical constituents of the plant were identified by MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,and in some cases direct comparison with authentic samples.Results Five compounds were isolated from the EtOH ext.of Lithospermum zollingeri.Their structures were identified as allantoin,daucosterol,urea,uracil,and glucose respectively,based on their spectroscopic data.Conclusion Compounds 1,3,and 4 are isolated from this plant for the first time.


Significance
 In the past, Silvio Berlusconi's centre-right Forza Italia (FI) dominated right-wing governments. However, in recent years the far-right has become the leading conservative voice in the country, and any future right-wing government will likely be dominated by the League and the Brothers of Italy (FdI).

 Impacts
 Rising support for the FdI could force the League to withdraw support for Draghi's technocratic government.
 A far-right government in Rome would provoke ongoing conflict between Italy and the EU over immigration and fiscal policy.
 The League and FdI share similarly hawkish views towards China, and oppose sanctions on Russia.


We study the pair production of charged gauge bosons at the LHC in a noncommutative extension of the standard model. We use angular distributions in the decays of the gauge bosons to partially reconstruct polarized cross sections. We use this, together with $CP$ considerations, to construct more sensitive observables that allow us to separate space-time from space-space noncommutativities.


This paper examines two questions: what is the role of active users or prosumers—i.e. users who consume as well as produce—in the transformation of a software ecosystem during its lifespan, and how does a digital marketplace transform into an ecosystem. This approach departs from the extant literature where consumers of an ecosystem are often treated only as passive participants. In this study, the role of prosumers is studied by portraying the transformation of Steam, by Valve Corporation, and discussed how it fits in the current field of software ecosystem research as well as what has been the impact of prosumers in its transformation process. The results from this case highlight the importance of users' active role in the evolution. Besides the discussion on the status of prosumers and the ecosystem evolution, the inner structure of this ecosystem is highlighted in the findings.


Human settlement can have profound effects on ecosystems; however, historical data generally do not extend back long enough to fully assess these impacts. Here, we have developed a transfer function to reconstruct Chloride (CI), Color, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), total phosphorus (TP), and pH from modem diatom assemblages in fifty-five Minnesota lakes. The lakes span three different ecoregions, as well as the Twin Cities metropolitan area, which differ in their history of settlement and land use, as well as in surficial geology, climate, and vegetation. Lakes in the Northern Lakes and Forest ecoregion are nearly pristine, whereas the other regions are strongly affected by urban or agricultural pollutants. There has been significant population growth over the last three decades as well as a focus on surface water quality, such as the Clean Water Act. Since historical data are limited, we have used this transfer function to reconstruct water chemistry for the core section, representing c. 1970. The reconstructions of water chemistry for lakes spanning these different regions suggest that modem land use practices are having substantial impacts on these lake ecosystems. Chloride "' concentrations are increasing in many Metro lakes arid TP levels have been steady or rising in agricultural regions, suggesting that land use practices in these regions need to be critically evaluated.


This paper, based upon a field research project commissioned by the Panos Institute Southern Africa, investigates the communicative efficacy of the radio listening clubs project implemented by the Institute in Malawi and Zambia. The investigation takes the form of a 'second-order interpretation' of the key findings of the field research. The findings are analysed in terms of the participatory communication model of development communication. The paper argues that the clubs live up to some of the ideal-typical attributes of participatory communication. This is evident in the following areas: (i) a propensity for social mobilisation; (ii) acquisition of skills and knowledge; (iii) communally induced motivation to listen to the radio; (iv) the possibility of interpersonal influence within groups; (v) the benefit of being 'organised' structures; (vi) the 'massive' reach of the clubs; and (vii) the dialogic interchanges between the rural-based groups and the urban-based policymaking elites.


This thesis approaches a body of 520 British official First World War photographs in the collection of the Art Gallery of Ontario, to ask how access to this material can be enhanced. The practical project involves physically arranging the works as well as improving their catalogue records. Additionally, this thesis examines the social and political causes for wartime censorship, leading to the appointment of "official" photographers. It compares the work of Britain's two
most prolific First World War photographers to illustrate the benefits of physically arranging historical photographs by maker and to understand their individual approaches to capturing subjects of war.


It is exactly this kind of sexist tranquillization that gives fuel to society's perceptions that medicine, psychiatry and the pharmaceutical companies are propagating ridiculous stereotypes, and are inaccurately and dangerously advocating the use of pills for everyday problems. We do not want to be associated with Abbott Laboratories, Limited or any other pharmaceutical company that encourages these stereotypes, and we will question the validity of any of the "scientific" literature they send to us. It is not to the credit of the medical or pharmaceutical professions that each year more than 13% of the adult population in the United States are encouraged to accept at least 145 million prescriptions for minor tranquillizers.1


In this paper, we study the effect of highly doped n+/p+ Si as the bottom electrode on unipolar RRAM with Ni-electrode/ HfOx structure. With heavily doped p+-Si as the bottom electrode, RRAM devices illustrate the coexistence of the bipolar and the unipolar resistive switching. Meanwhile, by substituting heavily doped n+ -Si, the switching behavior changes to that of the self-rectifying unipolar device. The asymmetry and rectifying reproducible behavior in a n+-Si/HfOx/Ni device resulted from the Schottky barrier of defect states in the SiOx/HfOx junction and n+ Si substrate, but this behavior is not seen for the p+-Si bottom electrode case. With rectifying characteristics and high forward current density observed in the Ni/HfOx/n+Si device, the sneak current path in the conventional crossbar architecture was significantly suppressed. We believe that the proposed structure is a promising candidate for future crossbar-type RRAM applications.


The recent development of USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) technology has broadened its applications to many fields of industry. The USN technology enables the system to monitor and control the status of distributed sensor nodes based on the low-powered communications. Applying the USN in the train control domain, the operational efficiency can be enhanced, where the reliability and the safety of the system are the key challenges. This paper suggests the system design for evaluating and improving the reliability and safety of the gateway, which is a USN component that manages the radio network among the sensors and collects the information from them. For this purpose, the reliability and the level of safety integrity of a general gateway have been predicted quantitatively and the supplementary design has been proposed for the selected week points. The verification on the reliability and the safety of the improved gateway according to the related standards has been followed. With the results of the study, the applicability of USN gateway for train control systems has been reviewed.


The absolute photoabsorption spectrum of C60 is constructed from experimental data, by linking relative measurements to some recent absolute determinations. Sum rule analysis supports these recent determinations over earlier ones, but substantially better agreement is achieved with ∼20% reduction in the cross-sections. Attention is focused on the 11–40 eV region, where discrepancies exist in both pseudophotoabsorption and photoionization data. Some inferences are drawn regarding the propensity of large molecules such as C60 toward multiple ionization, rather than photodissociative ionization. Problems encountered with prior application of quasi-equilibrium theory to the dissociative ionization of C60 are discussed.


Reticular pigmentary retinal dystrophy, also known as Sjögren's reticular dystrophy, is a rare condition characterized by macular lesions with a reticular pattern, which are best seen on fluorescein angiogram. Choroidal neovascularization secondary to this type of dystrophy is even less common. This report describes a case of reticular pigmentary retinal dystrophy with vision loss due to neovascular membrane, which responded well to treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.


St. Mary's College is 133 years old this Thursday and its students, faculty and administration plan to significantly mark Founder's Day this year. Student government has planned four days of historical displays, art exhibits, an essay contest, a choral program, a picnic, a mass and a faculty-student mixer, as well as a faculty-student softball game. " This is the first time that any group on campus has made an effort to really plan something for Founder's Day," said Mary Rukavina, student body president. " We wanted to do it to honor the Sisters of the Holy Cross for 144 years of services to the college and also to tie together all of St. Mary's traditions," she explained. The celebration will begin Wed nesday when the display of histori cal memorabilia on the upper concourse of the Angela Athletic Facility opens. Items from all over campus were gathered for the display which will continue through Saturday. A St. Mary's student art show, with works of both former and present students on display, will also open Wednesday in Moreau Gallery. It, too, will be open through Saturday. Wednesday evening's dinner will be a buffet, in honor of Founder's Day. During the meal, the St. Mary's Women's Chorus will present a choral program entitled " A Song of St. Mary's" . At that time, any student who wishes to have her St. Mary's ring blessed may bring it to the service and Fr. Edward Krause will bless it. The " First Annual Founder's Day Essay Contest" will also be announced during Wednesday's dinner. Sponsored by the Student Academic Council, the contest is open to any St. Mary's student who wishes to write something on the past, present or future of anything or anyone at the college. First prize is $50, second is $30 and third is $20. Official plaques will also be given to the top three essayists. In addition, honorable mention prizes will be awarded. Student government donated $25 of the prize money, with the remain der coming from Director of Stu dent Activities Mary Laverty; Mary Rita Hellmuth, an alumna living in South Bend; and Board of Regents member Joseph Fahey. Entries will be due Nov. 23. They should be between three and five pages in length, according to Cathy Hedges, vice president for Academic Affairs. Judges for the contest will be Sr. Eva Hooker, head of the English department; Rita Cassidy, member of the history department; and Brigid Rafferty, a senior English major. St. M ary's P residen t John Duggan will announce the winners at the Christmas banquet. The top entry will be published in three different collged publications, Courier, the alumnae magazine; Chimes, St. Mary's literary maga zine; and the Scholastic. No specific activities are planned for Thursday, which is the official Founder's Day because, according to Rukavina, the dining hall was booked for a special dinner months in advance, so they had to plan activities accordingly. A faculty-student beer and pret zels mixer in the clubhouse is planned for Friday afternoon from 3 to 6 p.m. Simultaneously, an all-campus picnic and a faculty-studente softball game will be taking place on the south lawn. charge plus the long process that would take, the groundskeepers would be gone because of the Nov. 1 date," he asserted. Cromwell Management Corp. would be the firm contracted to do the groundskeeping work, accord ing to the petition filed by Notre Dame. " That's news to m e," said a su rp rised C hristopher M urphy, president of Cromwell Manage ment Corp. " I've got to believe that's a mistake," Murphy contin ued, " we have submitted a bid but there's a number of companies who bid on it." If Cromwell receives the con tract, Murphy said there was a chance some of the laid off workers would be hired. But, " I don't know the people, and we might not have to hire right away." Lawrence commented, " I don't know of any other university which would do a shoddy thing like this. It's hypocritical for a Catholic institution such as Notre Dame to, in principle, support rights of workers to organize, but refuse that right to their own employees." Lawrence referred to a recent meeting of U.S. Catholic bishops on Sept. 15th. " They (the bishops) affirmed that in keeping with longtime Church teachings sup porting labor righ ts, Church employees are entitled to organize and bargain collectively." Although acknow ledging the workers rights to organize, Tom Bull, d irector of Personnel, responded, " We'd like to think that Notre Dame is a good place to work and that union presence isn't necessary." Lawrence related. Lawrence, plus another representative from the Teamsters, was to discuss the recognition of the groundskeepers as a bargaining unit with Bull.