This study builds on existing literature regarding residential technological systems and the elderly. This study investigates elderly Koreans' needs for technological systems in their residential environments and makes appropriate suggestions for creating high-tech amenities to support their aging at home. This study surveyed 60 elderly Koreans and presented them with 5 categories of 24 technological systems to evaluate. Results of this study show that participants were willing to adapt technological systems in their residential environment without any technophobia. In terms of their needs, the participants ranked the safety and security system category first, the indoor environment control system category second, and the health-related system category third. The results of this study suggest that residential environments, including individual housing and apartment properties, should incorporate technological systems to extend elderly residents' independent living at home.


This paper proposes a framework for participation determinants in lifelong learning through the Independent Learning Policy and Independent Campus or Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka/Independent Learning Independent Campus (MBKM). The framework is based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), self-determination theory (SDT), theory of planned behavior (TPB), and institutional theory. This study contributes to the literature by identifying specific factors and indicators to improve along with their impacts on the participation when the organizers of such initiatives wish to increase participation. Indonesia is the biggest country in South-East Asia with a large economy and influence in the world. Conditions, progress, and setbacks in Indonesia will influence other countries. Many job applicants do not meet the requirements for the job they applied for. Therefore, the Indonesian Ministry of Education initiated the MBKM programs to develop human quality, especially the university students to enhance their skills to meet the job requirements. The 740 respondents completed the online survey with 150 questions to represent reflective indicators. The results were analyzed with the partially least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) method and found the influential factors driving participation in MBKM are social influence, supporting factors, government decisions, utility, and recognition. further analysis indicated that convenience and financial incentive factors do not affect participation.


Methods: The Early Stories of Thomas Mann," Carleton Miscellany, 2 (1961), 11. 8 See Mann's revealing confession about the impact on him of Wagner's sword motif in Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen, xii, 80-82. 9 Hoffmann, admittedly, arrives at a similar interpreta tion (p. 1359). His method, however, is more intuitive, and he fails to show the objective correlative of Mann's cul tural criticism in the musico-symbolical structure of the story. 10 "Der franzosische EinfluC," x, 838.


AIM To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of buccally delivered insulin solution (INS SOL) in normal rats. METHODS The hypoglycemic response was examined after buccal delivery of INS SOL co administered with various absorption enhancers. The pharmacological bioavailability (PA) was used to evaluate the absorption enhancement of INS SOL from the buccal cavity under various conditions compared with subcutaneous injection. RESULTS In the absence of enhancers, the PA was low(6 8%) after buccal delivery of INS SOL. However, the concomitant administration of sodium lauryl phosphate, sodium deoxycholate, Brij78 as well as lecithin appeared to be more effective in increasing the hypoglycemic effects of insulin. INS SOL (5 μ·kg -1 ) containing 5% Brij 78 had the highest PA of 33%. CONCLUSION The use of proper absorption enhancers is useful for improving the buccal absorption of insulin.


Objective:[WT5BZ]To study characteristics of surgical Treatment of the aged Lung Cancer.[WT5HZ]Methods:[WT5BZ]We analysis of surgical treatment of the aged lung cancer from 1983 to 1999 in our hospital.[WT5HZ]Results:[WT5BZ]The mode of performed consisted of:regular lobectomy 56 cases ,sleeve lobectomy 9 cases,pneumonectomy 6 cases,wedge and segmentectomy 5 cases,The overall resectability was 96.2%.operative morbidity was 21 cases (26.6%).and the 30 day mortality was 1 case(1.26%).a 5 yr survival rate of 35.6%.[WT5HZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ]Authors emphasize the substitution of pneumonectomy by sleeve lobectomy whenever identical radicality could be achieved. [WT5HZ]


Because of the importance of《 Technology of Modern Automobile Control》course in field of vehicle engineering and students generally reflect the characteristics of difficult to learn, this paper explores and studies a new teaching method for this course. The results of practice demonstrated that the proposed method can remedy the deficiency of the theoretic and Abstract ive features in teaching. It also improved teaching effect and enhanced the students learning ability and practical ability.


We have determined the seasonal (July 2001‐July 2002) and vertical variability in the photosynthetic production of dissolved organic carbon (DOCp) and particulate organic carbon (POCp) in a coastal upwelling ecosystem (Ría de Vigo, Northwest Spain), together with the relationship between irradiance and DOCp and the time‐course of DOCp over 24‐h periods. Euphotic layer‐integrated rates of DOCp and POCp ranged between 5 and 190 mg C m−2 h−1 and between 40 and 1,130 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively. Irradiance was the most important variable affecting the vertical variability of the percentage of extracellular release [PER, defined as DOCp/(DOCp + POCp)]. Whereas POCp decreased markedly below the surface, DOCp remained constant or even increased, thus causing a sharp increase in PER with depth. Biomass‐specific rates of DOC production also increased with depth. These observations were confirmed by the results of photosynthesis‐irradiance experiments, which consistently showed highest DOCp and PER values at subsaturating irradiances. Our results argue against the view that the release of DOC is an overflow mechanism occurring preferentially under conditions of high irradiance and low nutrient concentration. PER was uncorrelated with the size structure of phytoplankton biomass and productivity, and >80% of the variability in integrated DOCp was explained by POCp. These findings indicate that the relative importance of dissolved primary production was independent of the dominant type of planktonic trophic organization. Moreover, production of DOC stopped at night, which strongly indicates that trophic processes were not involved in the release of dissolved photosynthate. Our data support a purely physiological mechanism of passive DOC release by normally growing cells, which is enhanced under suboptimal irradiances but proceeds at a similar biomass‐specific rate throughout the year. On an integrated basis, PER averaged 19 ± 1%, thus indicating that even in eutrophic waters, total primary productivity can be significantly underestimated if the dissolved products of photosynthesis are not taken into account.


Five Plexippus species, including one new species, Plexippus yinae Peng & Li, are reported from China. A description of the new species and diagnoses of the known species are given. Distributional data, a key to these species, and illustrations of body and genital organs are provided.


This study analyzed the effect of self efficacy in college students majored in beauty art on the career maturity, and whether there were differences in self efficacy according to existence or inexistence regarding certificate of qualifications, participating experience in vocational training competition and award one in the competition. As a result in analyzing the effect of self efficacy on the career maturity, self efficacy was appeared to influence the career maturity. Self-confidence factor among self efficacies was appeared to influence most in the career maturity, followed self-control sense of effectiveness. The preference factor in the degree of difficulty of assignment showed as influencing in the career maturity. Students who had acquired certificate of qualifications showed high degree in self efficacy as a result of analyzing the differences whether to acquire certificate of qualifications. As a result of analyzing the differences in self efficacy according to existence or inexistence in participating experiences at vocational training competition, the students having experiences in the competition showed high degree in self efficacy. Self efficacy of students having award experiences at the vocational training competition appeared high as a result of analyzing self efficacy differences whether to acquire award at the competition.


Experimental testing is one of the pillars in Fluids Engineering research. The arrival of rapid prototyping, and especially, Additive Manufacturing (AM), has revolutionized this field, allowing fast and flexible prototype manufacturing. Among these technologies, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) allows to fabricate complex parts using light, resistant, composite materials at a very affordable cost. To harness the full potential of this technology, the fluid dynamics engineering research group (GIFD) of the University of Oviedo started a training program for researchers in this area. This rich and complete program is presented herein, emphasizing its elaborate methodology and highlighting the successful case-studies derived from its application. Knowledge and integration of this technology has granted the capability of self-manufacturing customizable, low-cost experimental prototypes with adequate mechanical properties and accuracy, which produce high-quality results. Additionally, it has widened remarkably the possibilities of experimental research, resulting in a significant increase of experimental publications.


The article envisages the regulatory function of personality's value orientation system supporting to the socially-relevant form of satisfaction of individual demands. It characterizes preconventional, conventional, and postconventional levels of human conduct social regulation as well as fear, shame, and guilt as their correspondent mechanisms of social norm maintenance. The article also analyses the reasons and factors of discrepancy between real social behavior and personality's value orientations. On the basis of colligation of the outcomes of some researches there are described the peculiar features of value system at various forms of deviant activities.


The effect of tool rotational and welding speeds on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA5086-O was studied. Optical metallography and scanning transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructure of different zones of welds. The relationship between residual stress profiles and local mechanical properties of different weld zones was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC), respectively. A lower speed ratio (tool rotational speed/tool traverse speed – ω/v) reduced the grain size and increased hardness and tensile strength in the stir zone (SZ). The longitudinal and transversal residual stress profiles in the welds show a good correlation between the (ω/v) ratio (welding heat input) and local mechanical properties of different zones of FSWed joints. The weld produced with the highest heat input showed the lowest residual stress. Also, the residual stresses of different weld zones increased with their yield stress. K e y w o r d s: friction stir welding, AA5086 aluminium alloys, microstructures, mechanical properties, residual stress


This paper presents a novel control of five-phase induction motor under open-phase fault, the proposed control scheme ensures that five-phase concentrated full-pitch winding induction motor operates continuously without additional hardware connections. The decoupled model of five-phase concentrated full-pitch windings induction motor has been built, by calculating the steady-state electromagnetic torque, condition for reducing the electrical torque oscillations is analyzed. On the basis above, a rotor field-oriented tolerant control method is proposed, reference voltages are calculated, and then the control method referred is validated by simulations and experiments for one phase open. The simulations and experimental results have verified that the proposed method could reduce the electrical torque oscillations of five-phase induction motor operated under phases open greatly.


This article introduces the current status of illegal and harmful contents on the Internet,discusses the obstacles in regulating Internet content,and proposes the model for Internet content management.


The non-linearity of the dielectric behavior of Barium Titanate single crystals above the 120°C transition has been investigated in the temperature range 120°C to 150°C. The single crystals used in this experiment were grown in our laboratory. They are characterized by a very high peak of the dielectric constant at the Curie point (16,000).


This review will discuss the use of peripheral nerve blocks of the head and neck and its application to the practice of pediatric anesthesia using simple, landmark based approaches.


A number of PPP projects have been announced recently in Greece introducing a new procurement method in the projects covering public needs. The aim of the present report is to present the strategy adopted by the majority of medium sized companies foreseeing in bidding such projects. The risks and the uncertainty of the PPPs led the firms to hesitate on participating on alone bidders and strategic alliances came as the solution. Moreover, the absence of knowledge on past infrastructure projects under the umbrella of PPPs was a subject of significant importance. Therefore, the strategy should be used as the mean to surpass the unfamiliarity with the PPPs while the rest of the bidders have already had experience. The partners in the strategic alliances were chosen carefully by the participating firms with the main characteristic being the repeated ties between them. So, they introduced the implementation of trust as their mean to overcome the barriers for entry in the field of the PPPs. Relational contracting is the concept that the firms used as their criterion for choosing partners. Key words: PPPs, medium sized companies, strategic alliances, relational contracting, trust Word.


This paper made an account on the morphology,biology and large-scale breeding of Danaus chtysippus chrysippus(Linnaeus) at adult and larvae stages.Danaus chrysippus chrysippus(Linnaeus) occurs all over the year in Hainan Jingfengling region with overlapping generations about 15.They require 29~37 days to complete a generation in winter and 14~18 days in summer.The adults are highly stress resistance under natural enemy and bad environments,especially high temperature.Asclepias curassavica L.and Calotropis gigantean(L.) are their host plants.For their colorful and graceful outside,they can be set flying in butterfly gardens and in celebrated occasions.Good ecological environment is the key to success of large~scale breeding,and the rearing of larvae is the important part of large-scale breeding.The females lay their eggs separately.Larvae have 5 instars,and the newly hatched larvae should be fed outdoor in net bag,while the late fifth instars should be fed indoor in plastic basins,and they will pupation under the covers of plastic basin.The covers should be hung in the emergence room with temperature controlled at 25~28℃and humidity at 60~80%by air-conditioner and spray device,so that the pupas can grow and eclosion normally.


Information communication technologies (ICTs) prevail in all functions of strategic and operational management. As information is the lifeblood of tourism, ICTs provide both opportunities and challenges for the industry. Unless the current tourism industry improves its competitiveness, by utilizing the emerging ITs and innovative management methods, there is a danger for exogenous players to enter the marketplace, jeopardizing the position of the existing ones. Only creative and innovative suppliers will be able to survive the competition in the new millennium. Small and medium-sized tourist enterprises' (SMTEs) utilization of the Internet and their perception of online learning systems demonstrate that training is imperative and that ICTs can enable them to improve their inventory management and develop their internal business processes. Previous researches demonstrate that SMTEs are not utilizing information technology in their businesses to its full potential. They primarily see the ICTs as a mechanism for promoting their hotel rather than for training, inter or intraorganizational and e-commerce purposes. Using a wide variety of sources, mainly in the tourism literature, this paper comprehensively reviews and analyses prior studies in the context of ICT applications to tourism and provides a framework for the utilization of technology in tourism by adopting a strategic perspective. The paper also projects future developments in ICT- related opportunities and demonstrates critical changes that will influence the tourism industry structure.


Background— The hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) is characterized by abscesses, eczema, recurrent infections, skeletal and connective tissue abnormalities, elevated serum IgE and diminished inflammatory responses. It exists as autosomal dominant (AD) and recessive (AR) forms that manifest common and distinguishing clinical features. A majority of those with AD-HIES suffers from heterozygous mutations in Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) and impaired Th17 differentiation. Objective— To elucidate mechanisms underlying different forms of HIES. Methods— A cohort of 25 Turkish children diagnosed with HIES were examined for STAT3 mutations by DNA sequencing. Activation of STAT3 by IL-6 and IL-21 and STAT1 by interferon alpha (IFN α ) was assessed by intracellular staining with anti-phospho (p)STAT3 and pSTAT1 antibodies. Th17 and Th1 cell differentiation was assessed by measuring the production of IL-17 and IFN γ , respectively. Results— Six subjects had STAT3 mutations affecting the DNA binding, SH2 and transactivation domains, including 3 novel ones. Mutation-positive but not mutation-negative HIES subjects exhibited reduced phosphorylation of STAT3 in response to cytokine stimulation, while pSTAT1 activation was unaffected. Both patient groups exhibited impaired Th17 responses, but whereas STAT3 mutations abrogated early steps in Th17 differentiation, the defect(s) in HIES patients with normal STAT3 affected more distal steps. Conclusion— In this cohort of Turkish children with HIES, a majority had normal STAT3, implicating other targets in disease pathogenesis. Impaired Th17 responses were evident irrespective of the STAT3 mutation status, indicating that different genetic forms of HIES share a common functional outcome.


Suppose F is a field of characteristic 2 and n≥2 is a positive integer.Let M n(F) and S n(F) be the linear spaces of n×n full matrices and symmetric matrices over F,respectively.We first characterize all linear injective maps from M n(F) to S n(F) preserving group inverses of matrices,and thereby all linear bijective maps from S n(F) to itself preserving group inverses of matrices are characterized.


The problem of stimulated Mandelstam-Brillouin scattering (SMBS) in a plasma in the field of a two-dimensionally localized and inhomogeneous pump wave is considered for arbitrary values ??of the scattering angle. Exact solutions of the system of truncated equations for the amplitude of an electromagnetic scattered wave and the amplitude of a sound wave are obtained in the approximation of strong dissipation of sound waves for an arbitrary direction of propagation of the scattered wave. The angular dependence of the intensity of the scattered radiation and its dependence on the inhomogeneity parameter of the pump wave are studied. Keywords: stimulated Raman scattering: SRS, SBS, SBS, SRS, ionic sound, strong dissipation approach.


We report the observation of thermal conversion of AlxGa1−xAs alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) from undoped, high‐resistivity AlxGa1−xAs to low‐resistivity, p‐type material after annealing beyond the growth temperature (∼650 °C). The phenomenon occurs only in the Al‐containing layers and not in the GaAs. Electrical measurements indicate that a substantial concentration of residual C acceptors causes the thermal conversion of the AlxGa1−xAs layers. A possible mechanism of C incorporation during MBE is examined from a thermodynamical point of view.


The photography practicum provides Art and Design student researchers with the practical experience of managing a fine art photography studio. Students learn how to operate, manage, and maintain industry standard fine art archival inkjet printers as well as a fifteen station traditional black and white darkroom. This project provides essential expertise and knowledge that students, as lab monitors, both share with other students and incorporate into their own fine art practice and professional activities. Student researchers learn how to mix, store, and dispose of photographic chemistry, provide daily assistance to undergraduate and graduate photography students, and generate ideas for improvements to the lab. Students also contribute to the ongoing revision of the Photography Lab Manual, which specifies best practices and operating procedures for future photography lab monitors. The practical knowledge gained from this experience is highly valuable to colleges, universities, community colleges, artist co-ops, and professional photography labs that seek to employ individuals to manage and teach both digital and analog photography practices. This research was funded with an Undergraduate Research Fellowship.


. We suggest that the modulation of radiative flux by convec tion at the base of a deep envelope convection zone during the pulsation cycle is responsible for driving high-order g modes with periods 0.4 to 3 d observed in 7 Doradus variables.


An optical scanning microscope and / or other suitable imaging systems and techniques include a scanning system and arranged to collect the tissue sample on the slide and / or other components of the focused image of the object. The focusing system described herein provides methods for determining when a snapshot of the best focus for each snapshot, which may be referred to as "instant focus." Producing apparatus and techniques provided herein results in the region formed by pathology slides significantly reduce the time required for the digital image of the sample and provide a high throughput high quality digital images.


— We report nematic phase tendencies around the first order CE transition in the two-orbital double exchange model with Jahn-Teller phonons at electronic density n = 0 : 5. Starting with a random state at high temperatures, we employ a careful cool-down method using a Monte Carlo algorithm. We then monitor the spin structure factor S ( q ) of the CE phase as a function of temperature. Near the critical temperature, S ( q ) grows with decreasing temperature for both right- and left-ordered CE ladders, followed by a spontaneous symmetry breaking into one or the other as the critical temperature is achieved. Below the critical temperature a pure CE state with a staggered charge order is obtained. Our results are similar to those observed in pnictides in earlier studies.[1] Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 047004


Parry–Romberg syndrome (PRS) may overlap localized scleroderma (morphea) lesions with linear depression (en coup de sabre [ECDS]). Overlap case with PRS and ECDS was presented. Enophthalmos, uveitis, ocular torticollis, keratic linear precipitates, and anti-double-stranded DNA positivity were identified. Subendothelial keratic precipitates detected by an in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy were the first profiled in the literature. Patients must be evaluated and followed up carefully by their clinics to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary procedures such as surgery of ocular torticollis as muscular torticollis.


Introduction: The spleen is the most frequently injured solid organ following blunt abdominal trauma, accounting for upto 50% of all abdominal solid organ injury in some report, causing mortality as high as 20%. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare various advantages, disadvantages and outcome of different modes of management with the standard literature. Material and methods: This retrospective study done after admission of 100 patients with abdominal injury where 28 patients were diagnosed as isolated splenic injury from December 2012 to November 2014. Results: Blunt trauma (25 cases) is the most common mechanism of splenic injury followed by penetrating trauma (3 cases). Penetrating injuries, though less common, were more often repaired (60%) compared to blunt trauma(24%). Conclusion: Splenic salvage has become the goal of treatment in splenic injury. Non-operative management can be done successfully in centres where close monitoring is possible, facilities for emergency surgical intervention and follow up are good. Splenectomy should be reserved for patients who are haemodynamically unstable, with polytrauma, severe peritoneal contamination from concominant bowel injury, severe grade of splenic injury and traumatized pathological spleen.


The application of the graphics processor to computing antenna radiation patterns provides a substantial acceleration in speed. The same brute force physical optics (PO) code; e.g., a symmetric single reflector of two hundred forty wavelengths diameter, that runs single-threaded C/C++ on an Intel Core 2 Q8200 CPU and compiled to be optimized for speed, runs one hundred times faster when ported to OpenCL and run on an AMD HD5850 GPU hosted by the CPU system. Porting the code to OpenCL involves opening the processing loops to be run in parallel and some additional code to host the GPU in the CPU system. The ability to accelerate antenna pattern computations by a factor of one hundred provides real substantial benefits when many patterns need to be computed repeatedly, such as when optimizing a reflector system.


The aim of this paper is to understand the behaviour of a large number of coupled subwavelength resonators. We use layer potential techniques in combination with numerical computations to study an acoustic pressure wave scattered by a graded array of subwavelength resonators. Using this approach, the spatial frequency separation properties of such an array can be understood. Our set-up is inspired by the graded structure of cochlear hair cells on the surface of the basilar membrane. We compute the resonant modes of the system and explore the model's ability to decompose incoming signals. We propose a mathematical explanation for phenomena identified with the cochlea's 'travelling wave' behaviour and tonotopic frequency map.


In the strong magnetic fields (Happrox. =10/sup 12/--10/sup 13/ gauss) prevailing at the surface of neutron stars (radio or x-ray pulsars), the annihilation of cool (kT/sub e/very-much-less-thanmc/sup 2/) electrons and positrons may involve emission of a single photon. In this event, the two-photon annihilation spectrum will no longer have a narrow line profile, and it will depend on the field strength.


Abstract Elderly populations are growing globally, due in large part to increasing longevity (United Nations 2002). With the number of moderately or severely disabled older persons in the United States predicted to increase by as much as 350% in the next 40 years (Administration on Aging n.d.), the increased need for assistance will be dramatic. A number of technologies available to the general public are not available to the elderly because of non-intuitive interfaces. Because living arrangements of the elderly are linked to income, health status, and availability of caregivers (Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics 2004), the need for assistive technologies to facilitate aging-in-place becomes more prominent for researchers and legislators. This paper will establish the need for assistance to the elderly in aging-in-place and describe available technology for assisting elderly persons' functioning in their own homes. The paper will go on to discuss identified gaps in areas of need for the elderly which new research may help to fill. Finally, implications of aging-in-place for policy makers will be discussed. Introduction The proportion of the elderly population is growing globally, due in large part to increasing longevity and decreasing birth rates (United Nations [UN] 2002). The United Nations estimates that in 20 years more than one billion people will be over the age of 60 world-wide and by 2050 that number will reach 2 billion (United Nations [UN] 2003a; World Health Organization [WHO] 2004). The over 80 group is the fastest growing age group, a trend that is expected to continue for at least the next 50 years (UN 2002). Further, the majority of older people will live in developing nations who are, often, the least prepared to meet changing societal needs (UN 2002). This shift in age structure will have a profound effect on social, economic and political conditions (UN 2002). With an elderly population of 36 million people in the United States, persons over the age of 65 currently make up 12% of the population (Federal Interagency Forum 2004). The future growth of this population is staggering. The Census Bureau projects that by 2030, there will be more than 71 million persons over the age of 65, representing nearly 20% of the population (Administration on Aging [AOA] n.d.a). The United States had 16.1 persons age 60 and older per 100 persons in the population in 2000. By 2025 that figure is expected to rise to 24.8 and, by 2050, 26.9 (UN 2002). Other countries expect staggering growth as well. For example, Japan's population of persons 60 and over per 100 persons in the population is expected to rise from 23.2 in 2000 to 35.1 in 2025 and 42.3 in 2050 (UN). In addition, the dependency ratios show the number of older persons in relation to younger persons. The old age dependency ratio is the number of persons 65 years and over per 100 persons 15 to 64 years old (UN 2002). In the United States, the old age dependency ratios for the years 2000, 2025, and 2050 are 18.6, 29.3, and 34.9 respectively (UN). Japan has a grim future if the old age dependency ratios are even close to correct. In 2000, their ratio was 25.2; predictions are the ratios will climb to 49 by 2025 and 71.3 by 2050 (UN). The demographics clearly demonstrate that increasing numbers of persons will need care and decreasing numbers of caregivers will be available, resulting in a societal chasm. Lengthening the time the elderly can safely age-in-place will positively affect the elderly, their families, and society (Tinker et al. 2004). The critical gap, represented by the numbers above, requires action. This action must encompass quality of life; that is, meeting both the physical and psychological needs of the elderly. Quality of life, according to the elderly, is linked to their health, family and social networks, home and independence (Tinker et al. 2004). The elderly are not one homogeneous population. …


Hemlock wells in the Cook Inlet can be successfully stimulated. Recent experience has shown that the primary reasons for failure in the past has been the use of insufficient acid volume, improper acid strength, and unsuccessful diversion. However, both production and injection wells will respond favorable to properly designed treatments. A 12% HCl-10% HF acid mix has been found to be the most effective, both from the standpoint of stimulation and logistics of supply and storage. Due to the lithology of the formation, effective diversion is a requisite to successful stimulation. Solvent preflushes, antisludge agents, and mutual solvents appear to be necessary for maximum benefits.


Eight cases of traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries were treated by anterior spinal fusion. All cases were male from fifteen to sixtyseven years old. Acute and chronic injuries were each four cases. All cases except one showed incomplete paralysis at the operation.Roentgenologic findings showed luxation in two cases, subluxation and insupportability in three cases, compression fracture in one case, and in two cases no significant changes. In the large majority of the patients considerable improvement of neurological signs and symptoms were obtained after surgery, but one with complete quadriplegia showed no improvement in motor and sensory function.So it shows that the anterior decompression by disc and spur excision gives far better results and higher salvage rate in these serious injuries than we have been able to accomplish by therapeutic program employed in the past.


In their submission entitled "Daring Discourse: Esmolol, Antinociception, and Its Potential OpioidSparing Role in Routine Anesthesia Care," Bahr et al propose that regional anesthesiologists and acute pain specialists ought to leverage the use of perioperative esmolol as an agent to augment benefits of regional analgesia and reduce reliance on opioid-based pain medications. The authors assert that esmolol, given qualities of ultrarapid metabolism, immediate titratability, proposed independent antinociceptive mechanisms, and association with reduced intraoperative and postoperative opioid administration, may be reasonably adopted as part of a multimodal total intravenous anesthetic for general anesthesia. The article is provocative, and the authors have done well to provide a detailed treatise upon which to base further discussion. What is, as yet, unclear is whether perioperative esmolol will remain a point of controversy or represent a true arrow in the quiver of perioperative pain management—or whether Bahr and colleagues have introduced more questions than current research has answers. Currently, there is ample clinical and political substrate to effect change to perioperative pain management. The national opioid epidemic is well documented, as is evidence of sizeable contributions to the problem from perioperative use. In that context, it is appealing to devise mitigation strategies that avoid introduction of perioperative opioids altogether. There is growing momentum for programs such as ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery), which emphasizes the directed use of regional analgesia and scheduled multimodal pain medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gabapentinoids. These same programs have more uniformly employed the use of multimodal total intravenous anesthetics in order to optimize perioperative nausea and vomiting and enhance postanesthesia rates of recovery. Perioperative esmolol may well represent further extension of this new patient care philosophy, which calls for the scheduled and ubiquitous provision of short-acting nonopioids in an effort to stop at least 1 tributary of the opioid epidemic. In point of fact, there is evidence that esmolol can play a role in perioperative pain management. There are numerous trials supporting its opioid-sparing characteristics, including at least 1 metaanalysis that concluded the use of an intraoperative esmolol infusion is associated with significantly reduced intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption while maintaining similar (albeit short-term) patient-reported postoperative pain scores. Encouraging, though, these findings may be, enthusiasm is somewhat dampened by the lack of a definablemechanism for this effect.While several hypotheses have been proposed, ranging from central neuronal modulation to receptor-specific anti-inflammation, it may well be that providers are simply disinclined to provide opioids because tachycardia and hypertension, traditional signs of surgical stimulation, are markedly reduced when maintaining a patient on concomitant esmolol under general anesthesia. To the staunch clinical conservatives, this may even represent a moral debate. Without an established mechanism, esmolol may be acting as a masking agent against adequate interpretation of signs of potential distress, thereby preventing satisfactory treatment of "true nociception." In contrast, other accepted nonopioids have similar hemodynamic effects, but marry these with well-articulated mechanisms or are accompanied by comparative research to support their efficacy as stand-alone antinociceptive agents. Similar research with esmolol has been somewhat stymied by collateral use of more traditional analgesic options. Any discussion regarding the use of esmolol requires thoughtful interpretation of its cardiovascular implications. The authors did well to carefully navigate those waters, invoking caution regarding the potential for bradycardia and hypotension that may result from its use. Given its rapid onset and equally rapid metabolism profile, even moderate doses of the medication may be reasonably utilized in the setting of other sedatives and hypnotics shown to compromise systemic vascular resistance. Less well established is the role of esmolol as compared with more traditional perioperative β-blockers as agents to minimize cardiovascular risk. Recent updates from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association have established recommendations regarding both the initiation and continuation of β-blockers in the perioperative period. Although it is true that those recommendations call for the


With the overall progress in quality education,the importance of moral education is getting more and more popular among educators,but the effect is getting weaker and weaker in practice.The paper is focused on an all-round analysis of the phenomenon and suggests some ways out.


Quantum computers open up new fields of application for hard-to-compute problems due to potential super-polynomial speedup. The design of quantum algorithms is complex and thus error-prone, which makes them a prime target for formal methods. We present our tool QIn to translate quantum circuits into a classical host language (Java). As a result, we can use any tool developed for the host language – and thereby leverage the full power of available formal methods for that language to reason about quantum circuits and create a verification/validation toolchain. Furthermore, QIn enables us to reason about hybrid programs, consisting of classical code and quantum circuits. This is crucial as, for the time being, only single subroutines of a program will be implemented on quantum computers. To show the possibilities of our approach, we present an example of a toolchain based on QIn. This toolchain relies on a software bounded-model checker and can prove the correctness of hybrid programs combining the host language Java with quantum circuits. We use the Java Modeling Language (JML) as the specification language and show the feasibility of our approach on several examples including a bounded version of Shor's algorithm.


The facet heating behavior of A1GaAs ridge-waveguided single quantum well (SQW) lasers and doubleheterojunction (DH) lasers was measured using Raman microprobe spectroscopy. For the SQW lasers, samples with various ridge widths and cavity lengths were measured as a function of output power and injection current. The facet temperature was found to scale with the injection current density rather than the photon flux. In addition, no large discontinuities were found below and above the lasmg threshold suggesting that the absorption of the emitted photons plays only a minor role in the initial stage of SQW facet heating. In contrast, a clear discontinuity in the facet temperature rise was found below and above the lasing threshold for the DH lasers indicating a substantial contribution to facet heating by the photon flux. The data suggest a large difference in the facet absorption of the lasing photons between the two types of lasers. This is further supported by the effect of argon laser probe beam induced facet heating on the diode laser's output power.


Fast draW As a popular cinematic genre the Hollywood Western—those rip-roaring, fast-riding, Hell-bentfor-leather photodramas with clear distinctions between good and evil—remain forever embedded in the psyche of countless Americans. Why wouldn't they? As motion pictures, these titles conjure up one vicarious thrill after another. What young boy doesn't dream of jumping on a white horse and, with a lasso twirling in the wind, toss it around the shoulders of a fleeing, black-mustachioed villain, trying to escape with some widow's lifetime savings or maybe a fast draw, on a dusty main street, against a pockmarked desperado, some baddie, who has just pushed aside a local shopkeeper and wants to take over the town? But what about topography? What role does it play in understanding motion pictures from this period? Does this terrain—sometimes hostile and unfriendly, often bucolic and serene—foster the myth of cowboys, rustlers, and Indians? Does it create a faulty and dreamlike reality of nineteenth-century expansion? In short, how significant is the environment in understanding the reality of America's West? These questions— and many more—are posited in a superb anthology that scrutinizes the importance of nature and countryside in popular feature-length photodramas. Edited by Deborah A. Carmichael, The Landscape of Hollywood Westerns: Ecocriticism in an American Film Genre offers twelve interpretations of environmental themes found in Western screenplays. For starters, the 1928 silent film, The Wind, evaluates both the novel and photodrama of a social document that, historically, was ahead of its time, while The Grapes of Wrath, the gritty social protest story about the plight of the Okies, contains numerous latent Western motifs, Tulsa, the oil field film, examines industrial expansion, and Pale Rider—a copycat version of Shane—serves as a morality tale. A fourth chapter highlights the Technicolor process in Northwest Passage a breakthrough technology that spotlighted the landscape's natural beauty, while a fifth selection heralds the river-as-teacher theme glorifying the mysticism associated with free-flowing water. Other issues discuss the philosophical differences of producing a 1970 environmental motion picture from a 1920s text; a study of Easy Rider, juxtaposing the 1960s counter-culture's view of open spaces with rightwing America's concept of law and order; a varied explanation of Hollywood's Mexican-American themes, debunking the stereotype that this ethnic group lacked any interest in land preservation; a hard look at John Ford's famous Monument Valley pictures, emphasizing the director's reaffirmation of this terrain's sanctity; and, an analysis of High Noon, explaining the many allegories imbedded in this Academy Award screenplay. Certainly, this anthology represents some new ideas about the Hollywood Western, a genre that traces its roots back to 1903 when The Great Train Robbery flickered before amazed audiences in those cramped nickelodeons, right up to current times where made-for-television screenplays still enthrall a new generation of viewers, even though most of them sit in plush living rooms. Why wouldn't they? As Carmichael points out, films about the American West have endured throughout the history of moviemaking, but, she reiterates, the wildness of the western landscape may offer subliminal reasons why these moving pictures retain their popularity. After all, most of these photoplays reveal, either directly or subconsciously, an understanding of the national ethos. Clearly there is a relationship, as Carmichael suggests, between rivers and borderlands, prairies and mountains as nature works to redefine culture or reinforce existing ideas. What, then, is the role of the Western terrain? How does environment foster human behavior? What are the generic formulas that shape screenland's version of a nineteenth century world? These questions—and many more—are analyzed from different viewpoints. As an important title in cinema studies, The Landscape of Hollywood Westerns explains much about America's obsession with mythic heroes, those men—as the popular song resounds—who want to live in the wide open spaces, under starry skies at night.


In order to improve a surface hardness of commercially pure titanium, surface alloying with laser was carried out. Pure silicon, nickel, aluminum powder and a mixture of silicon and 9 mass%WSi2 powder were used for surface alloying. These powders were spread on surfaces of titanium plates and reacted with titanium by CO2 laser beam. Laser irradiation was carried out in argon atmosphere. As a result, when the silicon powder was used, a hard silicide layer (a principal ingredient was Ti5Si3) was formed over thickness 600 μm. In the case of the nickel powder, an alloying layer was consisted of TiNi and Ti2Ni, and its highest hardness was HV600. When the aluminum powder was used, needle-like shapes of precipitates of TiAl3 were observed in aluminum-rich matrix phase. Moreover, in alloying with the powder mixture of silicon and WSi2 powder, concentration phase of tungsten that had over HV1500 hardness were observed locally.


This essay closely examines early American Founder, Gouverneur Morris's personal diaries that he kept while in Paris from 1789 to 1793. Morris's writings make him an obvious candidate for a case study that uses recent and developing literature on the histories of early American disability, sexuality, and masculinity to try to understand Morris's historical context and experiences. Historical memory of Morris depicts his mobility impairment as a personal challenge that he overcame. Although he experienced some negative responses from able-bodied individuals in both America and Europe, he lived in a world that had moved past viewing disability as a physical marker of Godlessness but that had not yet embraced the modern medicalized conceptualization of abnormality and accompanying institutional discrimination. Morris's diaries offer a rare glimpse at the experiences and identity of an eighteenth-century American with a disability. Keywords sexuality, early America, disability, Founding Father, masculinity


The non-centralizer graph of a finite group $G$ is the simple graph $\Upsilon_G$ whose vertices are the elements of $G$ with two vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if their centralizers are distinct. The induced subgroup of $\Upsilon_G$ associated with the vertex set $G\setminus Z(G)$ is called the induced non-centralizer graph of $G$. The notions of non-centralizer and induced non-centralizer graphs were introduced by Tolue in \cite{to15}. A finite group is called regular (resp. induced regular) if its non-centralizer graph (resp. induced non-centralizer graph) is regular. In this paper we study the structure of regular groups as well as induced regular groups. Among the many obtained results, we prove that if a group $G$ is regular (resp. induced regular) then $G/Z(G)$ as an elementary $2-$group (resp. $p-$group).


Data communication is important for a digital fault recorder in a power system..Local network is more convenient and rapid than traditlonal serials communication.A scheme of IPX protocol of local network is proposed in this paper.It has been proved that IPX network protocol can be widely applied to a fault recorder of a power system.


Quasi-asymptotic behavior of functions as a method has its application in observing many physical phenomena which are expressed by differential equations. The aim of the asymptotic method is to allow one to present the solution of a problem depending on the large (or small) parameter. One application of asymptotic methods in describing physical phenomena is the quasi-asymptotic approximation. The aim of this paper is to look at the quasi-asymptotic properties of multidimensional distributions by extracted variable. Distribution T(x0,x) from S'(Ṝ+1×Rn) has the property of the separability of variables, if it can be represented in form T(x0,x)=∑φi(x0)ψi (x) where distributions, φi(x0) from S'(Ṝ1) and ψi from S(Rn), x0 from Ṝ1+ and x is element Rn different values of do not depend on each other. Distribution T(x0,x) the element S'(Ṝ+1×Rn) is homogeneous and of order α at variable x0 is element Ṝ1+ and x=x1,x2,…,xn from Rn if for k>0 it applies that T(kx0,kx)=kα T(x0,x). The method of separating variables is one of the most widespread methods for solving linear differential equations in mathematical physics. In this paper, the results by V. S Vladimirov are used to present the proof of the basic theorems, regarding the quasi-asymptotic behavior of multidimensional distributions by a singular variable, with the application of quasi-asymptotics to the solution of differential equations.


The operation of a digital logic inverter consisting of one p- and one n-type graphene transistor integrated on the same sheet of monolayer graphene is demonstrated. Both transistors initially exhibited p-type behavior at low gate voltages, since air contamination shifted their Dirac points from zero to a positive gate voltage. Contaminants in one transistor were removed by electrical annealing, which shifted its Dirac point back and therefore restored n-type behavior. Boolean inversion is obtained by operating the transistors between their Dirac points. The fabricated inverter represents an important step toward the development of digital integrated circuits on graphene.


Artificial Intelligence (AI) is providing the technology for large-scale, cost-effective and current asbestos-containing material (ACM) roofing detection. AI models can provide additional data to monitor, manage and plan for ACM in situ and its safe removal and disposal, compared with traditional approaches alone. Advances are being made in AI algorithms and imagery applied to ACM detection. This study applies mask region-based convolution neural networks (Mask R-CNN) to multi-spectral satellite imagery (MSSI) and high-resolution aerial imagery (HRAI) to detect the presence of ACM roofing on residential buildings across an Australian case study area. The results provide insights into the challenges and benefits of using AI and different imageries for ACM detection, providing future directions for its practical application. The study found model 1, using HRAI and 460 training samples, was the more reliable model of the three with a precision of 94%. These findings confirm the efficacy of combining advanced AI techniques and remote sensing imagery, specifically Mask R-CNN with HRAI, for ACM roofing detection. Such combinations can provide efficient methods for the large-scale detection of ACM roofing, improving the coverage and currency of data for the implementation of coordinated management policies for ACM in the built environment.


ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Risk Audit, Audit Investigation  Techniques on Fraud Detection and Professionalism Auditor (studies on public accounting firm in East Java). Public accounting profession is responsible for raising the level of reliability of the financial statements. This research uses quantitative descriptive. The population in this study is 20 KAP in East Java and is active from 2015-2017. Data collection techniques using purposive sampling The sample used in this study are structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using the help pf Partial Least Sqaure (PLS) software. And hypothesis in this study indicate that five hypotheses were accepted. The significance of this hypothesis shows directly through audit risk, audit investigation techniques, fraud detection and professionalism auditor. Keyword : Risk Audit, Audit Investigation Techniques, Fraud                    Detection,  Professionalism Auditor.


Because of the continuous oversupply of social welfare professionals, the field of social welfare suffers from intense difference between manpower demand and supply. This study seeks to minimize career barriers that lie in the course of social welfare students' decision on the career to pursue in th...


Many philosophers have defended the view that well-off people or nations have an obligation to assist people who suffer from famine in less developed areas of the world. However, in contrast to this outlook, some theorists have claimed that it is ethically wrong to provide this kind of assistance. In this article the non-assistance view is discussed. It is argued that even if a neo-Malthusian population theory is correct and if we accept a maximizing policy which allows the relevant weighing of evils, there may still be an obligation to assist the victims of starvation in poor countries.


The current simulation tools which are based upon stochastic queuing network architectures have proven to be inadequate for modeling modern flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). A hierarchical, object-oriented programmable logic simulator (HOOPLS) is proposed: to model the interaction among the controllers which coordinate the production in an FMS; to address the flow of all entity types including jobs, fixturing, tooling, and information; and to provide direct consideration of the detailed processing plans which govern how resources are employed to manufacture a given item within the FMS.


Background: Since 1960, US influenza vaccination efforts have targeted the elderly with the stated goal of reducing hospitalizations and deaths. Unexpect-edly, however, estimates of influenza-related mortality in persons (cid:1) 65 years has increased since 1980, despite a rise in vaccination coverage from ~ 15% to 65% by 2001. In contrast, cohort studies using electronic databases consistently re- port that vaccination can prevent an astonishing 50% of all winter deaths in the elderly. Methods: We used a Serfling approach to generate seasonal estimates of national influenza-related mortality (excess mortality) among the elderly in pneumonia and influenza (P&I) and all-cause deaths for 33 seasons, 1968– 2001. We stratified the data by 5-year age groups. We standardized seasonal numbersofexcessdeathsby ageto a1970 population, andby seasons dominated by A(H3N2) viruses. Results: During 1968–2001, an increasing proportion of influenza-related deaths occurred in persons aged (cid:1) 85 years. For persons aged 65–74 years, these rates fell by 70% between 1968 and the early 1980s for (H3N2)-dominated seasons. For persons aged (cid:1) 85 years, the mortality rate remained flat throughout 1968–2001. All-cause excess mortality for persons (cid:1) 65 years never exceeded 10% of all winter deaths for any season, including the 1968 pandemic. Interpretation: We attribute the decline of influenza-related mortality among ''younger elderly''to the acquisition ofimmunity to the emerg- ing A(H3N2) pandemic virus. But even after adjusting for aging and virus circulation we could not correlate increased vaccination coverage after 1980 with declining mortality rates in any age group. Furthermore, because less than 10% of all elderly winter deaths in any season were attributable


We report the first catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources realized with the most sensitive wide field-of-view TeV telescope ever built. Since March 2021, it continuously surveys the northern sky with field of view ∼ 2 sr and >90% duty cycle. Using 508 days data collected by full array of LHAASO-WCDA, 69 sources were detected significantly, including 5 extra-galactic sources. 19 of these sources have no known TeV counterpart within 0.5 degree. In this paper, detailed analysis will be presented including background estimation, searching strategy and summary of the catalog.


Subject to the conditions of the construction,the original design of the pump station construction diversion scheme can not be used.However,in accord with the actual conditions of the construction site,construction of precast concrete culvert pipe diversion program has achieved favorable results.


Disclosed is an alternating current dimming drive circuit for an LED, comprising a rectification unit and N stages of LED direct current drive circuits. In the ith stage of LED direct current drive circuit, a first end of the ith voltage sampling unit and an input end of the ith LED light source module directly or indirectly receive the output voltage of the rectification unit; a voltage division end of the ith voltage sampling unit is connected to a second input end of the ith switch unit; and a first input end of the ith switch unit is connected to an output end of the ith LED light source module, and an output end of the ith switch unit, a second end of the ith voltage sampling unit and a second output end of the rectification unit are grounded. When the ith switch unit is switched on, the first to the ith LED light source modules emit light. When the ith switch unit is switched off, if i is less than N, the first to the (i + 1)th LED light source modules emit light, and if i is equal to N, the first to the Nth LED light source modules stop emitting light. The present invention realizes an alternating current directly-driven LED light source module and will not flicker in the case of alternating current voltage fluctuation.


W e have read the comment by Chantelau and Rech (1) and agree with their opinion that knowledge of the decline rate in the HbAu. level after therapeutic plasma glucose normalization is very useful in various clinical situations. According to clinical observation (2,3), the decline rate in the HbAu. level is at its maximum during the initial 4 weeks and decreases gradually thereafter. Such a response of HbAlc is supported by theoretical calculation (3,4), which indicates that times required for 50 and 75% HbAlc changes are 35 and 60 days, regardless of the initial HbAlc level. Thus, a patient with a very high HbAlc level will show a very large decline rate during the initial 4 weeks, whereas a patient with a relatively low HbAu. level will show a smaller decline rate during that period. We tested this idea using data of our study (2). The results showed that the decline rate in the HbAlc level (Y:%/ day) during the initial 4 weeks was closely correlated with the initial HbAlc level (X: %):Y = 0 . 0 1 2 7 * X + 0 . 0 6 1 1 (r = 0.88, P < 0.001). This equation allows us to estimate the decline rate in the HbA,c level during the initial 4 weeks. Patients with HbA|C levels of —12-13%, which are very common in poorly controlled diabetic patients, are expected to show a decline rate of ~ —0.1%/day.


This dissertation is divided into seven chapters that study, numerically and experimentally, uidized beds of small thickness, i.e., pseudo two-dimensional (2D) gas fluidized beds. These types of fluidized beds are crucial for the understanding of the dynamics of gas-particle systems. In this regard, pseudo-2D fluidized bed systems typically have a transparent wall, to allow optical access to the system, and the volume of the bed possesses a small thickness to ensure that the visualisation is representative of the whole system. Additionally, the front and the rear walls restrict the motion of the solids, leading to different flow behaviour compared to fully three-dimensional (3D) systems. Therefore, a correct interpretation of the observations and numerical simulations of pseudo-2D beds is crucial for the understanding of the fluidization physics and the scale-up of the results to other types of beds (.....) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


This paper investigates the position-tracking and attitude-tracking control problem of close formation flight with vortex effects under simultaneous actuator and sensor faults. On the basis of the estimated state and fault information from unknown input observers and relative output information from neighbors, an integration of decentralized fault estimation and distributed fault-tolerant control is developed to deal with bidirectional interactions and to guarantee the asymptotic stability and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_\infty$</tex-math></inline-formula> performance of close formations.


In an effort to become self-supporting, the Mossbauer Effect Data Center has devised a plan which requires publications of the Mossbauer Effect Reference and Data Journal rather than the annual Index. The details of the plan and descriptions of the "Data Journal" and functions of the Center follow.


Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are innovative bioelectrochemical approaches for the natural conversion of organic resources into energy based on the metabolic activities of inoculated bacteria that serve as biocatalysts. The main objective of the present study was to examine the effect of zinc foil modified with zinc oxide as a novel anode material to enhance power generation in a microfluidic MFC using oxalate as a substrate. X-ray diffraction and FE-SEM analyses were done for nanostructure confirmation and to understand the morphology of a zinc oxide-coated electrode. The microfluidic MFC performance was investigated and compared with a zinc foil and zinc foil linked stainless steel mesh through an external circuit. The experimental results expressed that the zinc foil, zinc foil externally linked stainless steel, and modified zinc foil as anode electrodes achieved the maximum power density of 2980 W m-3, 1080 W m-3, and 428 W m-3, respectively. The results demonstrated that the zinc oxide nanorods could not act as an effective avenue for improving the microfluidic MFC performance.


and the interpretation of the one woman respondent. The woman ranked according to material wealth, but she also took into account the present social circumstances of the households. The men concentrated on the 'richness' of the householders. From the explanations given for their ranking criteria, not only were we able to gain some insight into villagers' perceptions of who was best and worst-off in their villages and the reasons why this was so, but the findings also alerted us to the differences which may exist between different people's ranking criteria, perhaps because of varying social situations, experience and gender. In a follow-up in 1993 we tried to tap these perceptions further in another ranking exercise. We also hoped to verify the usefulness of indicators derived from a longitudinal study of household coping strategies (Seeley, 1993). For this ranking exercise we asked respondents about the 'well-being' of householders in their villages. The Luganda phrase used was


Background: Provision of security, health services and environmental health facilities in schools is crucial in achieving the overall goals of the School Health Programme (SHP) because of their implications in all the areas of school health and plays an important role in the safety of school community and in retention and learning outcomes of students. We aimed to determine the status of public primary schools with respect to safety, health service provision and environmental health facilities in Sokoto metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria.
Methods: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study among 40 public primary schools by multistage sampling technique. We collected data with an observation checklist using an electronic Open Data Kit (ODK) and analysed for descriptive statistics using SPSS version 23.
Results: The majority of schools had no security fence 21 (52.5%). Security/ safety teams were present in about a third 15 (37.5%) of the schools. None of the schools had a fire alarm. However, fire extinguisher was available in only 3 (7.5%) of the schools. Health room or sick bay 16 (40.0%) and health register 14 (35.0%) were available in less than half of the schools. Health personnel 3 (7.5%) and school ambulance or school bus 3 (7.5%) were available in only a few schools. First aid box was available in most, 38 (95.0%) of the schools. However, less than half, 17 (40.0%) of the schools had Iodine in their first aid boxes. Presence of handwashing facilities with soap was observed in only 3 (7.5%) of schools. All the schools use open dumping as means of refuse disposal; however, dustbin for refuse collection in classes was observed only in about a third, 15 (37.5%) of the schools. Traditional pit latrine was the most predominant toilet type 27 (67.5%) in schools.
Conclusion: Resources concerning safety, health service provision and environmental health facilities were found to be grossly inadequate in most of the schools observed. Government agencies involved in school administration should collaborate with other stakeholder's in ensuring the provision of adequate resources for school health program.


The Five different cropping patterns such as Fallow-Fallow-Fallow (F-F-F), Sugarcane-Sugarcane-T Aman (S-S-R), Vegetables-Fallow-T Aman (V-F-R), Fallow-Fallow-T Aman (F-F-R) and Fallow-Mung bean- T Aman (F-M-R) from Jessore district were investigated for carbon sequestration in soil aggreagates. Highest value of bulk density (1.53 g cm-3) was found in S-S-R and lowest (1.27 g cm-3)  in F-M-R. The soil under V-F-R exhibited highest porosity (47.76%). F-M-R exhibited highest saturated hydraulic conductivity (15.36 cm day‑1). The state of aggregation and degree of aggregation was found high under F-F-R. The dispersion factor was highest under F-F-F (13.32%) and lowest under F-F-R (7.04%). The soil organic carbon (SOC) associated with >0.05 mm aggregates was generally higher than that with 0.05-0.002 mm and <0.002 mm aggregates. The clay associated (<0.002 mm) SOC was higher than SOC in 0.05-0.002 mm aggregates.  The highest SOC in >0.05 mm aggregate and <0.002 mm particles were found under F-M-R and S-S-R patterns, respectively.


The heat conduction of KCl is considered taking into account phonon scattering on colloids of different sizes, Estimations for average sizes and concentrations of colloids in KCl are obtained. Peculiarities of formation of small colloids (10 to 30 A) are discussed. It is shown that with the increase of low-temperature reactor irradiation dose (or degree of doping) of crystals four characteristic stages of defect formation can be differentiated: (a) point defects, (b) large size colloids and point defects, (c) small colloids (partially due to the decrease of number of large colloids), (d) small and large colloids which are formed in succession. Annealing (in case of doping) leads to a significant enlargement of colloids (partially due to the decrease in number of point defects).

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Ps. pyocyanea infection as reviewed by Stanley (1947). According to the tables of mortality probabilities in burns, Case 3 had less than a 5% chance of survival under modern burn therapy. He responded well from the start, even before the administration of cortisone. He did not develop any evidence of pulmonary oedema, despite the fact that on the second day he received 15,500 ml. of fluid (Fig. 2). He did, however, develop marked peripheral oedema, making it necessary by the third day to split the body cast. This oedema probably accounts for the marked positive fluid-balance at this time. Cortisone therapy was begun on the fourth day and continued to the twentyseventh day. Eosinophil counts were found to be depressed on the tenth, twelfth, and twenty-fourth days (Fig. 3). The cortisone dosage was tapered off on the nineteenth and finally stopped on the twenty-seventh day. The very high counts on the following days may indicate that the endogenous production of corticoids was somewhat depressed. The patient experienced a remarkable state of well-being, almost euphoria, during the period of cortisone administration and after its cessation. Also, he managed a sizeable calorie intake, averaging over 4,000 calories daily and on three occasions reaching 7,000 calories. Although it has been reported (Ragan et al., 1950) that too much cortisone may delay wound-healing, no such difficulty was encountered in this case, despite the fact that the first graft was made during the period of cortisone administration.


In ontology-based data access, multiple data sources are integrated using an ontology and mappings. In practice, this is often achieved by a bootstrapping process, that is, the ontology and mappings are first designed to support only the most important queries over the sources and then gradually extended to enable additional queries. In this paper, we study two reasoning problems that support such an approach. The expressibility problem asks whether a given source query $q_s$ is expressible as a target query (that is, over the ontology's vocabulary) and the verification problem asks, additionally given a candidate target query $q_t$, whether $q_t$ expresses $q_s$. We consider (U)CQs as source and target queries and GAV mappings, showing that both problems are $\Pi^p_2$-complete in DL-Lite, coNExpTime-complete between EL and ELHI when source queries are rooted, and 2ExpTime-complete for unrestricted source queries.


The present paper reassesses the intellectual background of Lucretius' treatment of infertility in 4.1233-1241, pointing out the author's ability to combine genuine Epicurean doctrine and Roman cultural patterns. Lucretius' denigration of religious mentality and his efforts to offer an entirely rational explanation of (in)fertility are interpreted in light of both internal evidence in the De Rerum Natura  (e.g. 1.1-20; 248-264; 2.581- 660) and differents kinds of external evidence - including the so-called Laudatio Turiae , Rome's fertility cults, and underused Epicurean sources such as PHerc 908/1390. Indeed, while systematically delegitimizing the traditional connection between supernatural powers and generation, the poet endeavors to convert his readers to a comprehensive Epicurean worldview in which death and birth, fecundity and sterility, reflect the existence of a material 'great chain of being'* . Key words : Lucretius - Infertility - S acrifice - Epicureanism - Roman society


The objective of the study was to ascertain the extent of vocationalization, of business education in universities in South East zone of Nigeria where lecture method dominated lesson delivery. Students had become more passive and engaged in lots of endless hard work. It could hardly be easy to state the differences between business education practices and other education deliveries in this study, which is a descriptive survey, the researchers, had to randomly select 240 final year students from four of the universities in the zone. A 30 – item structured questionnaire, validated and reliable, was distributed and analyzes for the study. Findings indicated students dissatisfaction with level of skills taught and absence of interactive relationship practices at classes, lack of study-driven relationships models and poor use of reflective and contextual approaches. Computer based material were insufficient, time for studies was not enough and the restructuring of the curriculum to reflect a more effective teaching method than the lecture method. More relationships and more use of reflections, models and contexts in teaching


Ultra-high strength steel-sheets have been used increasingly for automotive body parts to improve crash worthiness while reducing body weight so as to decrease gas emissions for environmental protection. In response to these trends, Kobe Steel has developed several types of 980MPa grade cold-rolled steel-sheets. This article describes the features of two, newly developed, 980MPa grade cold-rolled steels. They are featured by excellent formability due to a superior balance between stretchability and stretch-flangeability. These newly developed steels also exhibit satisfactory performance, such as weldability and phosphatability, required for practical applications.


This paper presents the methodology and assumptions used by the Bonneville Power Administration for estimating the heat exchanger effectiveness and the deWinter heat exchanger factor for an F-Chart 3 analysis of numerous solar domestic hot water systems submitted for certification. The deWinter equation was solved and plotted for a range of values for each of the parameters including flow rate, collector size, fluid type, heat exchanger characteristics, etc. Since applicants did not provide test results, a method for estimating heat exchanger effectiveness was developed. The results and conclusions provide some useful insights into the selection of heat transfer fluids and solar heat exchangers including submerged coil heat exchangers.


With the greatly increasing of bilateral trade between EU and China, the widening deficit of EU has become a real problem. This paper discovers the causes after the analysis on the statistical data from WTO, EU and China. The conclusion is that the economic policies of EU, the constant appreciation of ECU, the adjustment of China's industry structure, the effect of deficit con- centration in trade between EU and China, and the need for EU's global resources deployment are the main four reasons for the widening deficit. They will constantly affect the trade between China and EU.


Underemployment and poverty are important social problems, and they have received attention from researchers and policymakers with interest directed toward workforce development programs. Building from the knowledge obtained through regional and national quantitative studies, this project assessed what employers and underemployed adults living in Mississippi Delta communities had to say about these problems and how to address them for the purpose of informing a community-based organization. Following a review of Census data, qualitative telephone interviews and focus groups were utilized in this community-based action research effort aimed at in-forming workforce development program planning to increase liveli- - hood security. Results from asset mapping and needs assessment processes indicate that employers and the underemployed share similarities in how they view the area's socioeconomic condition, but there are * This project was made possible with fimding provided by the Foundation for the Mid South through a Workforce Policy Mini-Grant. The results and analysis presented here are the sole responsibility of the authors and may not reflect the position of the Foundation for the Mid South or Delta State University. The authors would like to thank Robert Zabawa and Ntam Baharanyi and anonymous reviewers for Southern Rural Sociology for their comments and suggestions.


charitable bodies of traditional Jewish communities. In the beginning of the twentieth century, Sliozberg's political sympathies lay with the Constitutional Democratic Party, which attracted a number of liberal Jewish intellectuals. Jacob Teitel is often mentioned as one who made a remarkable career in the juridical system of the empire, serving as "the sole Jewish judge in whole Russia" at the turn of the twentieth century. At the same time, Teitel was active in Jewish organizations, most notably in the bodies formed by the Gintsburg Circle. His informative autobiography, Iz moei zhizni (From my life), published in Paris in 1925, exists only in Russian and German (Aus meiner Lebensarbeit; 1929 and 1999). Now, thanks to Professor Horowitz, a glimpse into Teitel's life is available also in English. "Empire Jews" occupied visible, often dominant, positions in all Jewish ideological currents, media, and trade unions, and, generally, were widely represented in political, cultural, and academic circles in Europe and America. As a result, for activists of various Jewish organizations it was not hard to find like-minded people (including old friends) in New York, London, Paris, Warsaw, or Moscow. Cultural and ideological affinity helped them to establish close links with the foreign Jewish intellectuals and community leaders. It is no coincidence that after his emigration to Germany, Jacob Teitel chaired the Union of Russian Jews in Germany, while Henrik Sliozberg headed the Russian Jewish community in Paris. While Horowitz's book does an excellent job analyzing the literary and political legacy left by a number Russian Jewish intellectuals, it is mainly trees and little or no forest—he focuses on useful details while avoiding general characterization of the Russian-born Jewish graduates of secondary schools and universities who combined cosmopolitan education with profound Jewish interests. Conversely, such "case studies" will certainly help other scholars to continue the quest for understanding the Jewish cultural and political environment in imperial Russia. The volume could leave an impression of a book, rather than a collection of articles, if the copy editor had paid more attention to details, at least making consistent the spelling of names, and the designer had chosen a nicer layout.


A simplified one-dimensional multi-fluid model was set up and corresponding calculation method was carried out analyze the accelerating channel of hall effect thruster (a.c. Stationary Plasma Thruster, ab. SPT). The model is based on the hypothesis of quasi-neutral and slipping-fluid between different kinds of particles. It was indicated from a concrete sample that, a steady convergent solution, which is close to reality qualitatively as well as quantitatively, could be obtained successfully under proper boundary conditions and adequacy model constants. Some phenomena are revealed from the results: (a). Drop of electric potential is concentrated around the exit, which coincide with the acceleration of ions; (b) Ionization rates are more intensive in the upstream half of the channel, relaxing down-steam near exit, with final ionization level approach to 80%; (c). During the course of electron-drifting from exit plane to anode plane, electron temperature first rises from about 10eV at the exit plane up to about 60eV at the plane of one-third channel length from exit, thanks to Joel heating, and then drops to about 25eV at anode surface because more and more electron energies are consumed by ionization processes. Hampered by its hypothesis, the model cannot reflect some special zone and other important processes; the conditions of convergence are also confined.


A hereditary property of graphs is a class of graphs which is closed under taking induced subgraphs. For a hereditary property P, let Pn denote the set of P graphs on n labelled vertices. Clearly we have 0 ≤ |Pn| ≤ 2n(n − 1)/2, but much more can be said. Our main results show that the growth of |Pn| is far from arbitrary and that certain growth rates are impossible. For example, for no property P does one have |Pn| ∼ log n.


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I). R The compounds are inhibitors of coagulation factor Xa and can be used for the prevention and / or treatment of thromboembolism.


A general point of consensus among many Nigerians is that the nation's development as a political entity has been hampered by the way and manner politics is practised in the country. There have, therefore, been calls, often clamorous and confused, even tongue-in-cheek, by and for Nigerians to be socialized in an atmosphere that will engender a new political culture. All told, in the more than four decades of the country's freedom from direct British suzerainty, many programmes of mobilization and orientation have been enacted. These programmes have floundered because they were poorly or half-heartedly executed. They have also been characterized by a marked lack of focus, as they have not been directed at the `appropriate' section deserving of genuine mobilization in society. This paper, therefore, examines the issues involved in the crisis of political culture in the nation, and the calls for a new social order embedded in a new value system as can be assured by a consciously executed programme of cultural and political re-orientation and re-mobilization of the entire population, and the youths especially.
(J Cultural Studies: 2002 4(1): 156-184)


Background: The South African mining industry is frequently criticized for its poor health and safety record and high numbers of fatalities, thereby prompting researchers to conduct research on challenges faced by this industry. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of conducting audiological research into occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) within the South African mining sector. Specific objectives involved determining ease of identifying focal persons in charge of hearing conservation programmes (HCP); establishing response time and rate of identified focal person for interviews; and exploring focal person's willingness to share information regarding HCP. Methods: A qualitative research strategy comprising online desk research and interviews was undertaken through purposive sampling to recruit participants . Data were collected through checklists, logbooks and interviews. Deductive thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Results: Gaining access into the mining sector is negatively impacted by the following factors: firstly, contact details of focal person are not always listed on the websites. Secondly, prolonged response rate between initial contact and the time in which the participants respond. Lastly, unwillingness to share information regarding the management of ONIHL and progress made in HCP at various mines. Conclusions: Findings contribute evidence regarding possible barriers to effective and successful implementation of application of best practice in HCPs; guided by evidence that is contextually relevant. Challenges with accessing mines for research purposes by external and independent researchers arguably impacts on the available evidence produced by mines, due to a possible unavoidable conflict of interest. Success of HCPs depend on objective evidence regardless of whether it paints the mining industry in positive or negative light. It is only when this evidence is critically engaged with, that real and effective solutions can be deliberated and implemented. Clear, transparent, and open lines of communication between various stakeholders are key to achieving this.


The aims of the project were to expand the number of state energy and aging consortia (EAC) and the technical assistance information currently available, to identify the characteristics of successful EAC consortia models, and to extend the current EAC dissemination network. The objectives were: (1) to develop eight (8) state energy and aging consortia, (2) to identify a range of best practice models for EAC development and those factors that made them successful, (3) to develop a communications and technical information dissemination network between national-state and state-state consortia members.


As the last century came to an end and the new one began, media culture in the United States has taken increasingly surprising turns toward "reality." On the Jerry Springer, show ordinary folk reveal and act out their loves and hates before a national television audience. Broadcasting in talk-radio format, Howard Stern insults listeners and guests alike, and Rush Limbaugh screams at everyone the wisdom of know-nothing reactionary politics. Judge Judy enacts reality court proceedings, and extreme sports shows feature the disgusting consumption of bugs and horrific battles. On the Internet, users earn a living by selling virtual characters and weapons for players in massively multiple online role-playing games. Bloggers are perfecting the literary form of the online confessional. The brave new world of reality television, talk radio, and virtual global gaming introduces a fascinating, novel landscape of mediated popular culture. Are we to take these examples as indications of a significant cultural formation, or simply as an ephemeral passing fad of programmers and audiences alike? If they do deserve serious attention, what frameworks of interpretation can be used to decode their meanings? To render my task a bit more manageable, I will narrow my focus to one category of these examples of media culture: cosmetic-surgery reality TV shows.1 Starting in late 2002 with ABC's Extreme Makeover,


During the drilling operation of extended-reach wells,tight hole and severe mud making formations are encountered in shales.A new high inhibition amino drilling fluid was developed to solve these difficulties.Lab researches were done on the evaluation of inhibitive capacity,the contamination tolerance,high temperature stability (up to 120℃),salt tolerance,lubricity and formation permeability impairment,etc.The result showed that this mud system performed well in shale/clay inhibition,lubricity and reservoir protection.The application in Well Ba1 8H7 was satisfactory.


The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, and discloses a stirring structure and a continuous stirring machine in order to reduce maintenance and replacement costs of the conventional stirring structure. The stirring structure comprises a stirring shaft and stirring arms, wherein each stirring arm comprises a blade body and a shaft sleeve which are fixedly connected; an inner hole of each shaft sleeve is polygonal, the shape of the outer surface of the stirring shaft is matched with that of the inner hole of the shaft sleeve; and the shaft sleeves are arranged on the stirring shaft in a sleeving manner. According to the technical scheme, conventional stirring blades are replaced with the stirring arms, and the stirring arms and the stirring shaft are connected in a sleeving manner; the inner holes of the shaft sleeves of the stirring arms are polygonal, so that when the shaft sleeves are arranged on the stirring shaft in a sleeving manner, the stirring arms can rotate with the rotation of the stirring shaft; and when any of the stirring arms and the stirring shaft is worn and damaged, maintenance and replacement can be performed independently, and accordingly, the maintenance and replacement costs are reduced.


Electrical conductance through conjugated biphenyl and saturated alkane molecules on gold electrodes is characterized using a molecule/nanoparticle/molecule electrical test-bed assembly, and comparisons are made between molecules containing isocyanide (−NC) and thiol (−S) terminal groups bound to the gold. Current versus voltage analysis is consistent with charge tunneling through all systems studied. For molecules containing biphenyl, diphenyl acetylene, and alkane bridges, those containing an isocyanide terminal group show an order of magnitude increase in conductance as compared to those containing a thiol terminal group. Various theoretical predictions of the effect of isocyanide terminal groups on charge transfer through conjugated molecular systems are discussed and related to the results observed for charge transfer through conjugated and saturated molecules. The similar trends in charge transport observed for the different metal/linker interfaces suggest that the metal/linker contact plays an impo...


This study focuses on the efficiency of chiral chromatographic conditions for separation of critical enantiomers and regio-isomers of Prasugrel, an antiplatelet drug and its related impurities. Totally, 10 chiral compounds were screened and well resolved using Amylose based chiral HPLC column (polysaccharide CSP). Chiral separations were achieved using Isopropanol, ethanol as organic modifiers and trimethylamine (TEA), trifluoro acetic acid (TFA) as polar modifier. Impact assessment for selection of superior chromatographic conditions to achieve best resolution was evaluated by variying column temperatures and concentrations of organic and polar modifiers. Significant enantiomeric separations was obtained with low alcohol and high TFA concentrations as modifiers in mobile phase. With optimized conditions, not only Prasugrel's enentiomers, two process related impurities (3-floro and 4-floro prasugrel) and major degradant ie., Des acetyl impurity which exhibits keto-enol tautomerism in solution state were also separated into respective individual enantiomeric forms. Hence, the current work can be implemented for evaluation of chiral impurities of Prasugrel during synthesis as well as in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient.


The aim of this study is to investigate how a multidisciplinary Therapeutic
Playgroup within a Children's Centre functions, and the role of a child
psychotherapist working in that setting. The playgroup studied is located in a
deprived local urban community with a large population of young children. The
founding members of the service recognised that historically there had been a
low take up rate of professional services for young children.
When an experienced and long-serving child psychotherapist left the service,
the team requested that a child psychotherapist replace her, and I joined the
team, while still in my fourth year of training. Reflecting on my own experience,
and what I learned about my predecessor's contribution, I became interested in
the specific role of a child psychotherapist in this setting.
I investigated how the Therapeutic Playgroup operated, what were the origins
and the history of the model, and how this had developed over time. I used a
qualitative approach; this included interviewing staff members and recording my
observations of their work. I became a participant-observer, continuing my
professional work in the service, but with an additional research agenda.
During the data collection, the Children's Centre, and the Therapeutic Playgroup
within which it was situated, was confronted with diminishing budgets,
redundancies and uncertainty surrounding whether it would remain open. The
impact of these changes on the staff group is explored in the study.
Researching how the team had operated during less turbulent times revealed a
leadership function in operation. The team consisted of people who were
committed and who invested in the 'mission' of the institution. From the data,
ideas are formed about a type of emotional 'experience' that a child
psychotherapist can provide, which describes a distinctive professional
contribution to this work.


Explosive charges are widely used in underwater acoustics experiments because it has wide bandwidth and high source level. the received signals are the shock wave and followed by a series of bubble pulses, which seriously affect the observation and applications of the signal. But for the shallow water waveguides, the bubble pulses could be seen as anther "signal". In this paper, we treat the first bubble pulse as a signal to extract the dispersion curve through the warping transformation and then to invert the seabed velocity and density; At the same time, we get the shock wave of data from some depth with a higher SNR(signal to noise ratio) and its first mode wave, then the distance normalized normal modes transmission loss is used to obtain the seabed attenuation.


The copper(II) ion in the title complex, [Cu(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 (C 10 H 9 N 3 )].2H 2 O, is coordinated unsymmetrically to each of the two bidentate acetate ligands and to the N atoms of the di-2-pyridylamine (dpyam) ligand. The copper(II) ion is surrounded by a distorted square-based arrangement of the two dpyam pyridyl N atoms at distances of 1.974(2) and 1.995 (2) A, and by two acetate O atoms at distances of 1.965 (1) and 1.967 (1) A. The second O atom from each acetate group is involved in weak coordination in the tetragonal positions, at longer Cu-O distances of 2.482 (2) and 2.690 (2) A, completing the six-coordination. The overall geometry at the copper(II) ion is best described as distorted octahedral with elongated axial bonds.


Set of alignment jigs hold fittings during adhesive bonding of fittings to ends of truss members. For each member, jigs hold two end fittings collinear while member allowed to move slightly, within dimensional tolerances, during injection and curing of adhesive. Once adhesive cured, fittings remain collinear even though member not necessarily perfectly straight between them.


This paper compares coding performance of the intra prediction tools in the AV1 encoder developed by Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) in order to make the AV1 encoding faster. Firstly, an intra prediction tool Off-test is designed to have clear understanding on the relationship between coding efficiency and time complexity of each intra prediction tool. Afterwards, a selection of intra prediction tools is suggested differently for natural videos and screen content videos to simplify the existing AV1 encoder with negligible coding loss.


Renal cell carcinoma is among the 10 most common cancers. Metastatic disease of the spine is common and 50% of bone metastases are already present at the time of primary diagnosis. Bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma are difficult to manage, especially vertebral localization.
A 48-year-old woman was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma in the context of low back pain. The patient presented two skeleton metastases at diagnosis (T11 and 5th rib). The patient received neoadjuvant treatment with cabozantinib, followed by removal of the renal tumor. Radiotherapy was administered for the lumbar lesion. In spite of the radiotherapy treatment, increased low back pain limiting mobility and ambulation. MRI showed an occupation of the spinal canal, without neurological lesion. The SINS scale revealed a score of 14 (vertebral instability). The patient's prognosis was greater than 12 months according to the Tokuhashi score. Based on clinical and mechanical criteria, surgical treatment of the vertebral lesion was decided. T11 vertebrectomy was performed, the reconstruction was made with an expandable cage, and T8 a L2 posterior spinal arthrodesis. A partial resection of the fifth rib was performed in order to remove the whole macroscopic tumor. After 3 months, she was diagnosed with a local infection, treated by irrigation, debridement and antibiotherapy, with good evolution. At 1-year follow-up, she has no low back pain or functional limitation. Follow-up chest-abdomen-pelvis computed CT scan showed absence of disease progression, furthermore, the vertebral arthrodesis shows fusion signs. At the time of this report, there are no clinical or radiological data of infection.


Acceleration of energetic ion beams by ultra-intense laser interactions with thin foils is a subject which has recently received a great deal of attention from both theoretical and experimental points of views [1]. Laser-driven ion acceleration has the potential to be a cost effective and compact alternative to conventional accelerators for scientific, technological and healthcare applications [2]. Most of the experimental research carried out in this field to date is related to the so-called target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) mechanism. In a number of experiments performed in the past, employing different lasersystems and under different interaction conditions, protons of several tens of MeV were produced from thin foils irradiated with high intensity pulses. However, the TNSA mechanism lacks prospective due to several unfavorable beam parameters, such as large divergence, exponential energy spectrum and slow ion energy scaling. By contrast, ion production by the radiation pressure of intense lasers has been predicted to be a promising route for accelerating large numbers of ions quasimonoenergetically to the GeV/nucleon range in a more efficient manner [2,3].


The adduct of photoproduct of anhydromethylberberine with dimethyl acetylene-dicarboxylate has been investigated by means of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyand the nuclear Overhauser effect measurements to establish the structure, in which the B/C ring juncture is cis and the conformation of B ring is a flattened boat form. Theselective reduction of adduct with lithium aluminum hydride and the reduction of adduct with hydrazine in the presence of oxygen are studied.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify the most potent internal resources of a firm that contribute to the CSR agenda. Design/methodology/approach - The study adopts a quantitative approach to analyze Malaysian companies. A scorecard is devised according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework. A logit/probit model is employed to differentiate firms that are CSR-active from their non-active counterparts. Findings - The results indicate that having universal accredited management systems in place differentiates CSR-active companies from inactive companies. Also, firm size does not matter for CSR performance. Research limitations/implications - The study uses proxies to examine a firm's resources, and thus it might not have captured the implication of the resources fully. Also it identifies resources that have a bearing on the CSR level but does not investigate the conditions in which such resources can be relevant. Practical implications - The results imply that firms that are intent on being CSR-active should consider implementing the various management systems relevant for their businesses. Managers responsible for the CSR agenda might wish to highlight the fact that adherence to such systems actually contributes to the bottom line, thus minimizing resistance from decision-makers, who might view CSR as a costly initiative. Originality/value - The study provides an insight into the influence of management systems on CSR performance among firms in a developing country in Asia. This, to the best knowledge of the authors, has not been studied before.


Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to study the explosive boiling phenomena of water over a hot copper plate. The molecular system was comprised of three sections: solid copper wall, liquid water, and water vapor. A few layers of the liquid water were placed on the solid Cu surface. The rest of the simulation box was filled with water vapor. Initially, the water molecules were equilibrated by using Berendsen thermostat at 298 K. Then heat was given to the copper plate at different temperatures so that explosive boiling occurs. After achieving the equilibrium by performing the previous two steps, the liquid water at 298 K is suddenly dropped on the hot plate. NVE ensemble was used in the simulation and the temperature of the copper plate was controlled to different temperatures with phantom atom thermostat. Four temperatures (400K, 500K, 650 K and 1000K) were taken to study the explosive boiling. The simulation results show that, the explosive boiling temperature of water on Cu plate is 500 K temperature. At this point, the energy flux was found 1.79x108 J/m3 which is very promising with the experimental results. Moreover, if the temperature of the surface was increased the explosive boiling occurred at a faster rate. The simulation results also show that explosive boiling occurs earlier for the hydrophilic surface than hydrophobic surface as for the hydrophilic surface the water attracted the Cu plate more than the hydrophobic surface and so the amount of energy transfer is more for the hydrophilic surface.