Constructivism is a very complex and ambiguous concept, whereas the constructivist approach is mostly presented in three main aspects: ontological and epistemological (conditions and capabilities of reality existence and cognition), psychological (mental processes of knowledge constructing) and pedagogical (processes of learning and creating concepts). In this article I am searching the answer to two basic questions, the first one reading: What are the potential results of the constructivist approach in connection with diversity pedagogy and inclusion learning for education and the functioning of schools? The posthuman critique of social constructivism formulates the second of the questions I want to answer in the text: how can the constructivist approach cooperate with some new contemporary social theories, especially the new realism (materialism) and pedagogy of things? Employing the Piagetian concept of decentration, I take a critical look at how and in what sense constructivism could influence the change of meanings ascribed to categories like norm(s), learning difficulties or special educational needs, as well as reformulate the general philosophy of education and eventually affect the functioning of schools as accessible learning environments.


Cybercriminals have found in online social networks a propitious medium to spread spam and malicious content. Existing techniques for detecting spam include predicting the trustworthiness of accounts and analyzing the content of these messages. However, advanced attackers can still successfully evade these defenses. Online social networks bring people who have personal connections or share common interests to form communities. In this paper, we first show that users within a networked community share some topics of interest. Moreover, content shared on these social network tend to propagate according to the interests of people. Dissemination paths may emerge where some communities post similar messages, based on the interests of those communities. Spam and other malicious content, on the other hand, follow different spreading patterns. In this paper, we follow this insight and present POISED, a system that leverages the differences in propagation between benign and malicious messages on social networks to identify spam and other unwanted content. We test our system on a dataset of 1.3M tweets collected from 64K users, and we show that our approach is effective in detecting malicious messages, reaching 91% precision and 93% recall. We also show that POISED's detection is more comprehensive than previous systems, by comparing it to three state-of-the-art spam detection systems that have been proposed by the research community in the past. POISED significantly outperforms each of these systems. Moreover, through simulations, we show how POISED is effective in the early detection of spam messages and how it is resilient against two well-known adversarial machine learning attacks.


Video distribution over an optical ring network based on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) techniques is described. The network has the flexibility and reliability needed for broadband multimedia access, including anticipated high-quality video. The properties and multimedia access algorithms of the proposed ring network are described. The flexible path concept, essential for efficient video distribution, is also described. A video distribution system design is shown along with video signal characteristics and an evaluation of multiplexing performance. Cell loss protection methods utilizing robust layered coding and cell-loss protection algorithms are discussed.<<ETX>>


We have investigated the use of sulphate turpentine isomerization in on activated zeolite in order to obtain individual terpenes and liquid politerpenov . Implemented terpene hydrocarbons in natural zeolite « Sahaptin» deflegmatsionno - irrigation method. The effect ofzeolite fractions (1 and 2 mm ) to extract and group composition of the mixture isomerate . Calculated effect of the concentration of phosphoric acid, which was activated zeolite to extract and group composition isomerate method of gas- liquid chromatography was investigated qualitative and quantitative composition of monoterpenes are calculated physico -chemical characteristics of liquid politerpenov


In a recent Short Communication by Bellini et al. (1), it was concluded that glucose systems from HemoCue (HemoCue AB, Ängelholm, Sweden) cannot be used satisfactorily in the management of glycaemia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). HemoCue has more than 15 years of experience of measuring glucose at the point-of-care, and the systems are due to their accuracy and precision used in a great number of neonatal units all over the world. With that in mind, it is of course somewhat surprising to see the results presented and conclusions made in the article. Glucose is today the most commonly performed test at the point-of-care; however, the measurement challenges are generally underestimated or not well understood. There are a number of pre-analytical and/or analytical factors that can render the glucose measurement invalid. This is particularly true when measuring glucose in critically ill pre-term babies. This patient group presents the biggest challenge for any glucose measuring system, regardless whether the measurement is performed at the point-of-care or in a laboratory. To perform a representative comparison study between different systems requires adherence to a strict protocol (2). Unfortunately, it has been shown that many researchers do not follow recommendations for glucose study design, methodology and reporting, which may affect the quality of the study and hence conclusions made (3). If a strict protocol has been followed in the study by Bellini et al. is not clear. Most of the article focuses on analysing the results, while very little is documented about the actual study design.


On the basis of passive millimeter wave(MMW) detection principle,radiometer antenna temperature and output signal models were established.Armored target MMW radiant temperature in actual combat condition was computed and analyzed.The necessity for passive MMW stealth at the same time of radar stealth research,that is MMW radiation characteristics control,was pointed out.


We present a setup established to measure the light polarization state based on the general concept of Stokes polarimeter. This setup consists of two liquid crystal modulators (LCMs), linear analyzer and CCD camera connected to PC computer. Using this polarimeter all two-dimensional distributions of main polarized light parameters can be measured. The measurement process consists of six fast intensity distributions measurements. In addition to the setup description we discuss also the ways of the angular justification of both LCMs elements as well as the proper selection of the LCMs' input voltages. The results of the measurement of some exemplary uniform and non-uniform polarized light distributions are presented.


The study designed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of vitamin E and three different extracts of Origanum vulgare against vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The Origanum vulgare were grounded to fine powder, and extracted sequentially with chloroform, methanol and water. Forty eight male rats were divided randomly into six groups; and all groups were treated for 10 days. Group 1: control group received 5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), Group 2: vancomycin group treated with (200 mg/kg/day, IP), Group 3:Vitamin E group received (200mg/kg) orally, vancomycin (200mg/kg/ IP) was administered at fourth day and both were continued till day 10, Group 3, 4 and 5 received Chloroform, methanol and water extract (CE) of Origanum vulgare respectively, (100mg/kg) orally, for 10 days then vancomycin (200mg/kg/ IP) was administered at fourth day and both were continued till day 10. Animals were sacrificed at day 11 and serum levels of creatinine, urea, albumin, total protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) as well as tissue levels of malondialdehyde were measured. Free radical scavenging activity was measured by DPPH assay. Vitamin E and Origanum vulgare extracts produced significant reduction of serum levels of urea, creatinine, TNF-α and tissue MDA levels with significant elevation in the serum levels of albumin and total protein when compared to vancomycin group. Methanol extract showed significant effect on parameters above. Methanol extract had strong free radical scavenging activity with IC50 of (2.33μg/ml). Origanum vulgare extracts and vitamin E showed significant nephroprotective activity.


Cu2S thin films have been deposited on CdS/ITO (In2O3:Sn) substrates with various substrate temperatures by DC magnetron sputtering method. The effects of substrate temperature on the crystallization behavior and morphology are studied. Chemical composition of the films is confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the films reveals they have polycrystalline chalcocite structure with (110) texture. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) show the crystalline nature of the films at higher substrate temperature, which is in accordance with XRD measurements. Stoichiometric analysis exhibits element composition with Cu/S concentrations ratio equal to 2 approximately.


The purposes of this review were to: (a) outline the literature on negative treatment outcomes of behavioral parent training programs, (b) detail variables found to be predictive of negative treatment outcomes, and (c) suggest future directions of study. We suggest that despite scores of studies documenting positive outcomes of behavioral parent training programs, negative treatment outcomes occur for a sizeable minority of families. Existing research has documented a relationship between a number of contextual stressors and negative outcomes. More research is necessary before the knowledge of the current literature can be applied to clinical practice. Suggestions for needed research are given, including determining which contextual life stressors play a critical role in the relationship, assessing the effect of contextual stressors on various treatments, and determining how contextual life stressors impact the treatment process. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The book Tourism management, marketing and development: the importance of networks and ICTs provides an overview of state-of-the-art research related to the implications of ICT in tourism, and on the main evolutions in the management of destinations. The book includes twelve articles from a diverse international group of academics, displayed in two parts, 'ICT and Tourism' and 'Tourism systems and Networks'.


The advancement of information technology has resulted in the development of new visualization and planning tools that offer major improvements when compared to the use of traditional planning tools such as Gantt charts and Critical Path Method. Despite their limited capability for planning and monitoring projects, these tools are still almost universally used by the construction industry. Two case studies managed using traditional techniques, one construction of an apartment block and other installation of a new high technology production facility in the Precast Concrete Industry have been reviewed in the paper from a viewpoint of how the application of new 4D (3D+time) and visual planning/simulation techniques would have improved the management and control of the projects. Widespread use of visualization and simulation techniques in the Aerospace and Car Industries is compared with the limited use in the Construction Industry. The paper examines the barriers to the introduction of the technology based on the experience gained from the presentation and demonstration of the visualization technology to six major construction companies operating in the UK construction industry and the means of breaking down the barriers to the implementation of the new IT innovation are discussed.


This paper describes two developmental backward-wave oscillators which tune over the frequency ranges from 35 to 50 kmc and from 48 to 74 kmc and deliver power of the order of milliwatts. The tubes incorporate a parallel-flow electron gun using an impregnated cathode, and a tape helix supported by three quartz rods. RF output is taken out through a standard rectangular waveguide, to which the helix is matched by a tapered section having choke collars. Ceramic guns, stems, and output windows developed for use with these tubes are described. The tubes operate at collector currents of 3 to 5 ma, and require a magnetic focusing field of 1200 gauss. The helix voltage is varied from 800 to 3500 volts to cover the complete frequency range of oscillation. Design features are discussed, and calculated and observed performance curves for these tubes are shown.


Many studies have been made on optimum structural design based on the reliability concept. However, they are limited to a simple type of structures. This may be attributable to the difficulty of reliability analysis and the lack of efficient algorithm to obtain optimum solutions for optimum design problems. Murotsu et al. developed an effective method of reliability analysis for redundant truss structures, using a Matrix method. As for an efficient algorithm, Murotsu et al. also proposed a basic idea of an optimum design procedure. This paper extends the proposed design procedure to the optimum allocation of reliability for large-scale redundant truss structures, combined with the method of reliability analysis. The problem treated in this paper is to allocate reliability to each member of a structure so that the structural weight is minimized under a constraint on the reliability of the structure. Optimum allocation of reliabilities to the members is attained by iterating the following two steps until optimality conditions are satisfied. The first step is to adjust the allocated reliabilities of the members such that the structural weight may be minimized under a fixed structural reliability. The strategy for the adjustment is determined by considering the sensitivity of the structural weight to the variation in the assigned reliabilities of the members. The second step is to determine the design variables corresponding to the specified reliabilities of the members. The proposed optimum design procedure is applicable to the cases of normal and non-normal distributions. The design examples were provided for statically indeterminate plane and space truss structures, and the validity of the proposed method was demonstrated. (Received May 26, 1981) キー・ワー ド: 信頼性, 構造設計, 破損確率, 最適配分


An emphasis program instituted at Dow Chemical to improve the company's performance as related to the operation of fired heaters.


Finished the project of investigation in which we analyze how the digital technologies of communication are transforming both the manners of production, and the manners of being united, to construct community and networks of belonging, we observe how the disputes by the sense are given already not only in the physically placed space, but also in the space of the digital thing. An intense hybridization is generated between that one that is narrated in the space offline and in the online, the power of the digital information establishes itself between the spaces of territorial meeting and the continuity of the project in the network.


Abstract While an ever-growing percentage of the world's population is urban, the rate at which cities grow is not uniform. The lifetime of individual cities includes periods of fast growth, slow growth and periods of shrinkage. There exists an extensive literature concerned with possible means to manage specific pathologies. It is our view that the design of specific policies should be the result of a comprehensive model of urban health. While not all cities go through the entire life cycle, a comprehensive theory of cities and specific policies need to include specification of the interaction of the various forces that shape the entire range of urban patterns and identification of specific combinations of values that create phase transitions among these patterns. To sort these ideas we suggest that there is a need to consider and incorporate the structure and timing of innovation activities, agglomeration effects that they generate, interurban migration patterns and assorted feedback mechanisms. We hypothesize that these flows depend on the activity rhythms of the various processes and their differential impact on cities. We present a biology inspired rudimentary framework as a basis for the construction of an ABM of cities with a focus on the nature of time and as a basis for analyzing urban dynamics. 1


A friend of ours, presently living abroad, wrote the other day: "It's about time for an MR editorial on the recent turn of political events in various parts of the world—China, Indonesia, Africa, the Tricontinental Conference, Cuba: the 'socialist and anti-colonialist world.' Me, I'm upset and dejected, but then I suppose it's all a necessary part of the long haul." This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


In a paper currently awaiting publication I have argued that the story in Skáldskaparmál of Ó›inn's theft of the poetic mead is an analogue to the story told in Chaucer's House of Fame, for three main reasons. First, both stories may be said to involve an eagle as a mediator between different kinds of poetry: in Snorri's account Ó›inn in the form of an eagle expels, apparently from the front and back ends of its body, two portions of the mead, which represent poetry and poetastery respectively, while Chaucer's poem, which takes the form of an account by the narrator of a dream he has experienced, deals largely with two different places visited in the dream: the Temple of Venus in the first of the poem's three books, and the House of Fame in the third, at which literary and oral poetry, respectively, are given prominence; and it is an eagle, moreover, that conveys the narrator (himself a poet) from one place to the other. Secondly, Snorri's account hints at excretion in this context (Ó›inn apparently excretes some of the mead: 'sendi aptr suman mjö›inn', I, p. 5, l. 4), while Chaucer's


in those infected by COVID-19. Method: 82 volunteering and consecutive patients presenting to our clinic for follow-up checks after COVID-19 infection underwent evaluations for clinical and laboratory parameters and received FAS (fatigue assessment scale). Results: The study included a total of 82 patients who had been infected by COVID-19 of whom 45 were male (54,9%) and 37 female (45,1%). with an average age of 55±15 years (min 22-max 87 age). In 354% of the cases the disease had followed a severe/critical course and in 64,6% mild/moderate. At the follow-up check 65,9% (54 cases) were found to have mild fatigue and 18,3% (15 cases) severe fatigue according to the FAS fatigue scale. Severe fatigue was significantly more common in women than in men (29,7% vs. 8.9% p=0,015). Those who were found to have fatigue at the follow-up check had significantly lower median hemoglobin levels (13,3 d/dl) at the time of presentation compared to the median hemoglobin levels of those without fatigue (14,2 g/dL). Fatigue was significantly more common in patients who had used low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for treatment than those who never received LMWH. Conclusion: This study shows that patients with COVID-19 infection may complain of fatigue regardless of the severity of the disease and other co-morbidities.


The invention discloses a method for separating and preparing cleome gynandra glycoside from capparis spinosa. The method comprises the steps that: (1) capparis spinosa fruits are crushed, and are subjected to soak extraction by using methanol; (2) the extract obtained by soak extraction is subjected to preliminary purification by using an extraction method, such that a crude extract is obtained; and (3) cleome gynandra glycoside in the crude extract is separated and purified by using a high-speed countercurrent chromatography method, wherein a solvent system is an n-butanol-acetonitrile-ph4.5 ammonium acetate buffer solution (a volume ratio is 2-3:0.5:1-1.5). The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, and low cost. The method is economical and practical. With the method, the purity of cleome gynandra glycoside obtained by separation is higher than 95%.


Summary form only given, as follows. Summary form only given. In atmospheric plasma process, some active species, like ozone and hydroxy radical, generate from reaction among nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor etc. For better understanding about generation of active species by atmospheric plasma, OES analyses were carried out in atmospheric pressure in multipoint corona and some DBD types Our experimental DBD types are volume DBD, surface DBD and coplanar DBD We compared with the relative intensity of active species from OES data And we also calculated the intensity ratio of the first negative system of N/sub 2//sup +/ (391.4 nm) to the second positive system of N/sub 2/ (337.1 nm) to know which type of plasma generate the electrons with higher energy. From these results, we concluded the relationship between the intensity of electron energy and generation of active species in each type of the atmospheric plasma.


The sense of injustice surrounding the use of copyright legislation to control the circulation of knowledge and culture, especially by large transnational media corporations in the global south, has been well documented by scholars and is the target of considerable activism (Story, Darch and Halbert 2006). In this context, 'piracy' sometimes emerges as a means to confront powerful and greedy transnational corporations associated with capitalism and colonialism. For example, in a blog entry entitled La Descolonización de la piratería ("Decolonization through piracy") the Bolivian blogger Dario Manuel (from El Alto, La Paz, Bolivia), presents piracy as a political strategy to weaken the structures of economic and epistemological domination, so that – as it were the colonial capitalist monster bleeds to death. He entreats his readers to:


The current debate over civil commitment is often drastically polarized–-but sometimes in the most unexpected ways. The following article reflects some paradoxical thinking by a law professor advocating the abolition of involuntary civil commitment and a professor of psychiatry pressing for greater freedom for psychiatrists to commit mental patients.


The measurement of VaR portfolio concerns three aspects:the distribution of future market,volatility and pricing.In this article the SSRM(Switching-Switching Regime Model)is proposed which means that the market index and the security portfolio follow an independent Markov process respectively.In this model,the sudden jump of the market index and portfolio is allowed.The empirical study shows this model has obvious superiority compared to CAPM model combining with GARCH model.


Disclosed is a gas bag module having a first gas chamber surrounding the first sleeve, a first inflator to fill the first gas space and at least one control device for active control of the ventilation of the first gas space or the shape of the first shell. Here, the control means includes a second gas chamber surrounding second sleeve (42) and a source of gas for filling the second gas space, wherein the second gas chamber is bounded by a durable edge, and wherein the state of the control device by filling the second gas chamber through the gas source changes. In order to provide a large constructional and functional flexibility ready to continue, the control device to a control, for example in the form of a tension belt (60), whose first end is at least indirectly permanently connected to the first shell and a second end at not inflated second gas space with the second sleeve (42) sewn by means of a tear seam (49) and a filled second gas space from the second shell (42) decoupled, wherein the tear seam (49) contacts or the edge-joint at two points cuts, so that the tear seam the unfilled second gas chamber in two by the tear seam separate areas (43a, 43b) divided.


The article researches the composition and nature of agents of leasing business. Kinds of economic relations resulting from the lease agreement have been specified. Peculiarities of leasing companies' functioning have been determined.


Chiral aziridination of cyclic α-bromoenones is achieved by the use of the lithium salt of (S S )-(+)-p-toluenesulfinamide, which leads to products with diastereomeric excesses in the range of 30―65% using a simple protocol. A key factor associated with chiral induction is the incorporation of the reacting olefin in a cycle, indicating the importance of conformational restriction in the reacting double bond.


Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses Part of the Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons, Bioinformatics Commons, Biology Commons, Biotechnology Commons, Cell and Developmental Biology Commons, Chemicals and Drugs Commons, Genetics and Genomics Commons, Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons, Medical Sciences Commons, Microbiology Commons, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons, and the Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons


Randomness in portfolios of options and their common underlying originates from two major sources of uncertainty: the price of the underlying and the implied volatility smile. Within the subset of portfolios whose unique source of uncertainty is the volatility smile, we derive an explicit formula for the weights, mean, and variance of the instantaneously mean-variance efficient portfolios. This is done by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to the smile. The mean-variance characteristics do not depend on the appreciation rate of the underlying, and are therefore attractive for applications.


In an automated map making process, map features like lane-markings, traffic-signs, poles, stop-lines and similar other features are extracted using deep learning methods from various sources of imagery or sensor data. These sources come with their own positional errors due to which the map features extracted from these sources are always misaligned with respect to each other, making the conflation of map features a difficult task. We propose a novel method to find map feature correspondences between 2 sets of map feature datasets obtained from different sources by first converting them into a heterogeneous geospatial graph and then doing node representation learning using a graph neural network that can generate vector embeddings that encode information of morphology, attributes, and absolute and relative positions of the map feature with respect to its neighbours along with aggregated information from its neighbours. This process can be employed to generate embeddings of map feature nodes, which are amicable to identifying spatially similar and corresponding map feature nodes across disparate sources with varying degree of similarity scores. When applied aptly, these map feature correspondences between two sources can be used as anchor points to perform spatial alignment with linear or nonlinear transforms, leading to a better conflation.


The aim of this paper is to examine the determinants of households' saving in Bhutan. The study provides an analysis of household saving determinants and documents the extent of savings in Bhutanese households. The data comprise a random sampling of 404 respondents drawn through a field survey. Household saving function is estimated to test households' responses to income and household characteristics. The first stage analysis describes the descriptive statistics and correlation matrix. Ordinary Least Square method is used for estimation, which presents the determinants of household saving in Bhutan. The results show that household income and age of the household head are inducing factors increasing the household saving significantly, while family size, dependency, liabilities to be paid, location are reducing factors decreasing the household saving. No relationship is found between savings and household assets. The savings increases with age and tends to decline after crossing a certain age limit. Also, the percentage share of retirement (31%) and children's education (23%) are more among the households indicating motives related to life cycle saving are stronger in case of Bhutan. Keywords— Bhutan, Children's educational expenditures, Life Cycle Hypothesis, Savings.


The pivotal players in the Immutide Spray roll-out drama say they were either victims of bad government communication, pawns of more senior officials or simply ignorant of what was going on. These were the themes to emerge when Izindaba put the allegations to them.


In an exact sense there is no such thing as clinical science, and there is no science of anesthesia. Anesthesia is an aggregation of clinical techniques built on several sciences, among others pharmacology, physiology, biochemistry, physical chemistry, and physics. Anesthesia is not a science, which is one of several reasons why I object to the term anesthesiology, meaning science of anesthesia. There is, however, a better reason than the semantic one for laboring this point, for herein lies the clue as to where research fundamental to the growth of the field is bound to occur; that is, in the basic sciences. Anesthesia greatly needs investigators capable of working in the basic sciences. As long as anesthesia (or any other specialty) leads a parasitic existence, scientifically speaking, depending as it does almost wholly on scientists in other fields for fundamental developments, it can hardly have much stature among other and stronger


: The present study aimed to isolate Enterobacteraerogenes from urine of patient with UTI and showing its pathogenicity in mice, a total 150 urine specimens were collected and cultured on MacConky agare then tested biochemically and with API- 20 to confirm diagnosis of Enterobacter aerogenes , after that injected 4 groups of mice with (10 8, 10 9 and 10 10 CFU/ml) respectively, while fourth group consider as a control group, also extracted the cell wall from Enterobacteraerogenes and used four groups of mice to injected with different concentration(300, 200 and 150 µ/ml) of extracted cell wallrespectively, while fourth group consider as a control group. Results shows that 11 isolates of Enterobacter were obtained from urine and out of 11 isolates 8 isolates were belong to Enterobacter aerogenes . Bacterial isolation from internal organs showed very heavy isolation of Bactria in dose 10 10 CFU/ml as compared with other dose, histopathological changes of organs for mice injected with live bacteria and extracted cell wall revealed same the tissue damage as compared with control groups.


This research examined the relationship between past psychological contract breach and intention to quit, the mediating effect of the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract and the moderating effect of age. The concept of psychological contracts is examined in a relatively new way in this research, namely by taking a future looking perspective. Based on existing theory, the following three hypotheses were formulated and tested in this research: (H1) past psychological contract breach is positively related to intention to quit, (H2) the relationship between past psychological contract breach and intention to quit is mediated by the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract and (H3) the relationship between past psychological contract breach and the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract is moderated by age, in a way that the relationship is stronger for younger employees. To test these hypotheses, two types of quantitative studies were conducted: a field study and a vignette study. The data obtained by both studies were analysed by using multiple regression analysis and PROCESS. Both studies showed that past psychological contract breach is positively related to intention to quit (H1). In addition, the first study showed that the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract partially mediates this relationship (H2) and the second study showed that the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract fully mediates this relationship (H2). Based on the first study, no evidence was found for the moderating effect of age on the relationship between past psychological contract breach and the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract (H3). The second study did found evidence for the moderating effect of age on the relationship between past psychological contract breach and the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract (H3). However, the moderating effect that was found was opposite from the hypothesized effect which means that the relationship between past psychological contract breach and the expectation of fulfilment of the anticipatory psychological contract is moderated by age, in a way that the relationship is stronger for older employees. In this research a tool for measuring the anticipatory psychological contract is created which should be further developed in future research. This research also showed that psychological contract research should take a future looking perspective by looking at forward-looking exchanges and the effect of these forward-looking exchanges on employee outcomes such as intention to quit.


The electrical properties of PZT thin films grown by MOCVD on Pt, Ir, IrO/sub 2/ and Ir/IrO/sub 2/ bottom electrodes, and the effects of various top electrode materials on the electrical properties of these PZT films, were investigated. Regardless of the top electrode materials, PZT films prepared on Ir, IrO/sub 2/ and Ir/IrO/sub 2/ showed a smaller dielectric constant and Pr, and showed larger Ec than those of PZT films on both Pt top and bottom electrode. Ir/IrO/sub 2//PZT/IrO/sub 2//Ir/SiO/sub 2//Si capacitors showed no fatigue up to a switching cycle of 10/sup 11/ and showed a leakage current density of 10/sup -7/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 3 V.


The invention discloses a cellulose acetate wet spun fiber loaded with a medicine for treating local inflammation and pain and a preparation method of the cellulose acetate wet spun fiber. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving naproxen into absolute methanol; dropwise adding thionyl chloride to an ice water bath; heating, stirring and refluxing a mixture, carrying out reduced pressure evaporation on the solvent, and re-crystallizing, wherein the obtained white fine grain is naproxen methyl ester; adding the naproxen methyl ester to an organic solvent, heating and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until the naproxen methyl ester is completely dissolved to form a naproxen methyl ester solution; and adding the dried cellulose acetate powder to the naproxen methyl ester solution, and mechanically stirring in a constant-temperature water bath until the cellulose acetate powder is completely dissolved, so as to form a uniform and stable spinning solution. The method disclosed by the invention is novel, high in efficiency and low in cost; slow release and transdermic absorption of the medicine for treating local inflammation and pain can be realized; and the defects caused by initial burst release of the medicine and the side effects caused by oral administration of the medicine are avoided.


Significant environmental contamination by radioactive materials has occurred in some parts of the world due to industrial and military activities, such as nuclear weapon testing, uranium mining and nuclear and radiological accidents. The most well-known sites where large scale remediation has been implemented include: the nuclear test sites in the Bikini and Enewetak Atolls (USA) and Maralinga (Australia); areas contaminated by nuclear accidents at Kyshtym, Chernobyl (former Soviet Union) and Fukushima (Japan); Goiânia (Brazil), following the loss of a radioactive source; and Palomares (Spain), after the B-52 bomber accident. These sites differed in terms of contamination levels, the main dose forming radionuclides and environmental characteristics. Consequently, different remediation criteria and strategies were used to protect the affected population and remediate the environment.


s In this paper, a theoretical model that separates one single conversion factor into two conversion factors for both outpatients and inpatients is introduced. By using hypothetical numbers, two conversion factors and an adjustment factor were calculated. The major implications are as follows. Firstly, by introducing two conversion factors, a minimum incentive mechanism for admitting outpatients to a clinic and high risk inpatients to a hospital was installed. Secondly, the introduction of two conversion factors decreased the drive to admit outpatients to a hospital by reducing the economic benefits for the hospital. Thirdly, it is possible to make explicit contracts for several factors rather than a single conversion factor, so that it can be used as an appropriate management tool for rapidly increasing medical expenses. Finally, this research can be used to set up policy tools to establish a proper healthcare delivery system in Korea by inducing behavioral changes in healthcare institutions.


The authors study the melting point and thermal stability of the ternary system K/sub 2/SO/sub 4/-K/sub 2/S/sub 2/O/sub 7/-V/sub 2/O/sub 5/. The study was made by a thermogravimetric method. It is seen that higher potassium sulfate contents in the active component suppress the effects associated with the decomposition of the active component, and enhances the thermal stability of the catalyst.


a on assessment of to support home. The objective of this study is to describe patient characteristics to predict safe discharge for seniors ( ≥ 65 years of age) and identify barriers thatcanbeusedtoimproveEDoutcomesforthesepatients. Methods: Two trained research assistants conducted a chart review of the TC referral form and the ED Information System (EDIS) for patients seen by TCs between April and June 2017. Information on patient characteristics, existing home care and community services, the index ED visit and subsequent revisits were extracted. Data were entered into a purpose-built database in REDCap. A descriptive analysis was conducted; results are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median (interquartile range [IQR]), or proportions, as appropriate. Results: A total of 1411 patients with TC referral forms were included (779 [55%] female). The majority of these patients were ≥ 65 (1350 [96%]) with a mean age of 82 ± 9.6. The majority of patients were triaged as a CTAS of 3 (835 [59%]) with the most common reasons for presentation including: shortness of breath (128 [9%]), abdominal pain (94 [6.7%]), and general weakness (81 [5.7%]). Nearly one third of patients (391 [30%]) were already receiving home care services; (96 [7%]) received a new home care referral as a result of their ED visit. Of all the patients, 1111 (79%) had comorbidities (median: 3 [IQR: 1 to 5]). Overall, 38% (n = 536) the in the months prior to the index with a median of 2 [IQR: 1 to 4) visits. On average, patient ' s length of stay for their index visits was 12 ± 0.35 hours. Admissions occurred for 599 [42%] patients with delays being common; the mean time between the decision to admit and the patient leaving the ED was 6 hrs ± 0.23. Conclusion: Seniors in the ED are complex patients who experience long lengths of stay and frequent delays in decision-making. Upon discharge, few patients receive refer-rals to community supports, potentially increasing the likelihood of revisits and readmissions. Future studies should assess whether the presence of TCs is associated with better outcomes in the community. prospective data, then retrospective sensitivities of the Alert, qSOFA and HEWS were calculated by retrospectively applying these tools to PCRs, using ED diagnosis of SS/SS as reference standard. Results: In 2013, 229 patients met SS/SS criteria in the ED and had PCRs available; 115 (50.2%) were male and median age [interquartile range] was 76.0 [63.0-84.0]. Of 229, 149 (65.0%) arrived in the ED without an Alert (false negatives) and 46 (30.9%) of these met Alert criteria retrospectively and were therefore missed by paramedics. Sensitivity of the Alert was 34.9% when applied by paramedics and 41.5% when applied retrospectively to PCRs. The retrospective sensitivities of the qSOFA and HEWS were 37.6% and 67.7%, respectively. Con-clusion: In ED patients diagnosed with SS/SS who arrived with no Alert, the majority (69.1%) were missed by the Alert criteria, rather than by paramedic application of the tool. The Alert had a sensitivity of 34.9%. When applied retrospectively and compared to the Alert, qSOFA had similar sensitivity and HEWS had increased sensitivity. Future research should focus on deriving improved alerts or imple-menting those with higher accuracy, such as HEWS. head injuries.To better understand the current status of CCHR use in Nova Scotia, we conducted a retrospective audit of patient charts at the Charles V. Keating Emergency and Trauma Center, in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Methods: Our mixed methods design included a literature review, retrospective chart audit, and a qualitative audit-feedback component with participat-ing physicians. The chart audit applied the guidelines for adherence to theCCHR andreportedonthelevel of compliancewithintheED.Ana-lysis of qualitative data is included here, in parallel with in-depth to con-textualize fi ndings from the audit. Results: 302 charts of patients having presented to the surveyed site were retrospectively reviewed. Of the 37 cases where a CT head was indicated as per the CCHR, a CT was ordered 32 (86.5%) times. Of the 176 cases where a CT head was not indicated, a CT was not ordered 155 (88.1%) times. Therefore, the CCHR was followed in 187 (87.8%) of the total 213 cases where the CCHR should be applied. Conclusion: Our study reveals adherence totheCCHRin87.8%ofcasesatthisED.Identifyingcontextualfactors that facilitateorhindertheapplicationofCCHR inpracticeiscritical for reducing unnecessary CTs. This work has been presented to the physician group to gain physician engagement and to elucidate enablers and barriers to guideline adherence. In light of the frequency of CT heads ordered EDs, even a small reduction would be impactful. Background: In Canada, injuries represent 21% of Emergency Department (ED) visits. Faced with occupational injuries, physicians may feel pressured to provide urgent imaging to facilitate expedited return to work. There is not a body of literature to support this prac-tice. Twenty percent of adult ED injuries involve workers compensation. Aim Statement: Tacit pressures were felt to impact imaging rates for patients with workplace injuries, and our aim was to determine if this hypothesis was accurate. We conducted a quality review to assess imaging rates among injuries suffered at work and outside work. A secondary aim was to reduce the harm resulting from non-value-added testing. Measures & Design: Information was collected from the Emergency Department Information System on patients with acute injuries over the age of 16-years including upper limb, lower limb, neck, back and head injuries. Data included both workplace and non-work-related presentations, Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) levels and age at presentation. Imaging included anyof X-ray, CT, MRI, or Ultrasound ordered in EDs across the central zone of Nova Scotia from July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2019. A total of 282,860 patient-encounters were included for analysis. Comparison was made between patients presenting under the Workers ' Compensation Board of Nova Scotia (WCB) and those covered by the Department of Health and Wellness (DOHW). Imaging rates for all injuries were also trended over this ten-year period. Evaluation/Results: In patients between 16 and 65-years, the WCB group underwent more imaging (55.3% of visits) than did the DOHW group (43.1% of visits). In the same cohort, there was an overall decrease of over 10% in mean imaging rates for both WBC and DOHW between the fi rst fi ve-year period (2009-2013) and the second fi ve-year study period (2013-2018). Imaging rates for WCB and DOHW converged with each decade beyond 35 years of age. No comparison was possible beyond 85-years, due to the absence of WCB presentations. Discussion/Impact: Patients presenting to the ED with workplace injuries are imaged at a higher rate than those covered by the DOHW. Campaigns promoting value-added care may have impacted imaging rates during the ten-year study period, explaining the decline in ED imaging forall injuries. While this 10% decrease in overall imaging is encouraging, these preliminary data indicate the need for further education on resource stewardship, especially for patients presenting to the ED with workplace injuries. December 31, 2017. For each CTPA, we determined if 1) a D-Dimer had been ordered prior to CTPA, if 2) the D-Dimer was positive, and if 3) the CTPA was positive for a PE. Using a chi-square test, we compared the diagnostic yield for those patients who had a D-Dimer prior to their CTPA and those who did not. Results: A total of 2,811 CTPAs were included in the analysis. Of these, 964 CTPAs (34.3%) were ordered without a D-Dimer. Of those 1,847 patients who underwent D-Dimer testing prior to the CTPA, 343 (18.7%) underwent a CTPA despite a negative D-Dimer. When compared as a group, those CTPAs preceded by a D-Dimer showed no signi fi cant difference in positive yields when compared to those CTPAs ordered without a prior D-Dimer (9.9% versus 11.3%, p = 0.26). Conclusion: The fi ndings of this study present a complicated picture of the impact of D-Dimer utilization on CTPA ordering pat-terns. There is evidence of suboptimal uptake of routine D-Dimer ordering, and adherence to guidelines in terms of forgoing CTPAs in low-risk patients with negative D-Dimers. While this study design leaves unanswered the question of how many CTPAs were avoided as a result of a negative D-Dimer, the fi nding of a similar positive yield among those patients who had a D-Dimer ordered versus those who did not is interesting, and illustrative of the issues arising from the high false-positive rates associated with D-Dimer screening.


Linear synchronous motor (LSM) based transport systems are increasingly deployed in automated manufacturing environments. The aim of the study is to establish the feasibility of employing low power and low-cost vibration sensing cyber physical systems to perform near real-time fault detection and isolation for passive LSM vehicles. Empirical data capture was conducted on an LSM test-bed where vehicle velocity was varied to determine how changes in velocity would impact the vibration profile of the LSM vehicle. The recorded data was analyzed, and peak accelerations were examined for each of the velocities under study. Frequency domain analysis was conducted on the collated accelerometer data and frequencies of interest were identified. The findings are shown to concur with the manufacturer's operating specifications (0-30 Hz). A relationship between LSM vehicle speed and vibration frequency was established. The results presented provide the basis for the establishment of low-cost condition based preventative maintenance, deployed to a LSM based transport system for high volume manufacturing.


A low jitter symbol timing recovery (STR) scheme based on the Costas loop is presented. The equivalence between the introduced Costas STR and the zero-jitter squarer is discussed. The Costas STR scheme, not only eliminates the need of pre-filtering, but also avoids the use of the non-linear function. The Costas STR scheme can achieve an extremely low jitter performance. Applications of the Costas STR into M-ary transmission systems are discussed.


During a retrospective analysis of 388 patients with duodenal ulcer disease who were receiving long-term maintenance treatment with ranitidine, 57 patients were found at routine endoscopy to have developed asymptomatic duodenal ulcers. Of 57 patients 28 received no alteration in treatment (group A), whereas 29 patients had the ranitidine dose increased at the time of asymptomatic ulcer. The two groups were well matched with regard to demographic features. Survival analysis showed that in the year after the development of asymptomatic ulcer, 96.1 % of patients in group A and 95.8% of patients in group B remained free from symptomatic recurrence of ulcer. This similarity between the two groups continued during 5 years of follow-up study. Only one patient developed haemorrhage, and there were no cases of perforation after asymptomatic ulcers. Asymptomatic ulcers occurring during maintenance treatment appear to be clinically benign and do not appear to be an indication to alter treatment.


Maritrema arenaria is a microphallid trematode found in the intestines of marine wading birds. The metacercarial stage occurs in barnacles, Semibalanus balanoides. To date the cercarial stage had not been identified. Large numbers of M. arenaria metacercariae were found in barnacles at one site on the north shore of Belfast Lough, N. Ireland (Irish Grid Reference D355,810) where a previously unidentified cercaria, Cercaria littorinae saxatilis V, was also abundant. Experiments were carried out to establish if C. littorinae saxatilis V developed into the metacercariae of M. arenaria. The experiments demonstrated that C. littorinae saxatilis V entered the cirri of feeding barnacles and later accumulated in the haemocoel close to the barnacle's gut. There the cercariae formed cysts which increased in size until they attained the structure of M. arenaria metacercariae. The study has clearly demonstrated that the cercariae of M. arenaria are those previously known as C. littorinae saxatilis V.


We first prove the fundamental theorem for (weak) relative Hopf group-comodules in this article. Secondly, we introduce the notion of a (weak) group smash product and give a sufficient and necessary condition under which (weak) group smash product algebras and the usual tensor product coalgebra become a (weak) semi-Hopf group-coalgebra. Furthermore, we get a sufficient condition for (weak) group smash product algebras to be semisimple. Finally, we prove an analog of the Blattner–Cohen–Montgomery's duality theorem for (weak) group smash products: For any (weak) π-H-module algebra A, there is a canonical isomorphism between the algebras and End(A # Hα)A.


The design of the AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs laser heterostructure with an ultra-narrow waveguide was developed and studies on the generation of high-power laser pulses with high beam quality were carried out. The heterostructure design included a 100-nm-thick waveguide and an InGaAs quantum well for a lasing at 1060 nm. For the studies the mesa-stripe geometry single-mode lasers with a 5.1-μm-width contact were fabricated. The mesa-stripe geometry parameters were optimized using a 2D-simulation of waveguide properties, taking into account the spatial distribution of temperature and gain. As a result, the divergence was of 18.5 and 5 degrees in the growth direction and parallel to the heterostructure layers, respectively. Studies of the light-current characteristics in the range of pulse durations of 5–1000 ns showed that the peak power of 1.75 W was limited by the catastrophic optical damage. The dynamics is associated with modes of high-quality factor that approach their threshold conditions at high pumping level. A spectral line of these modes is redshifted relative to a fundamental one.


[Objective]To understand the awareness of diabetes prevention and control knowledge among grassroots medical workers in Zhongshan city.[Methods]Investigation was conducted among medical workers randomly selected from town hospitals and community clinics in Zhongshan city in 2009.[Results]Of the 462 medical workers investigated,the score of the awareness of the knowledge of drug treatment,complications and diagnosis was(90.04±16.28),(36.06±24.66)and(53.94±21.40)respectively.The total score was(65.77±11.18).The score of diabetes knowledge was higher among the medical workers supervised by doctors at higher level,reading professional document and attending training(P0.01).[Conclusion]The awareness rate of diabetes prevention and control knowledge among grassroots medical workers was lower in Zhongshan city.But it was obviously improved after training.


. All the patients had invasive disease, fever being the constant clinical presentation; four had history of road traffic accident and received primary care elsewhere; all six patients were on broad spectrum parenteral antibacterial antibiotics for considerable duration with no clinical improvement. Conclusion: A positive clinical correlation and high mycological suspicion is essential in diagnosis of Candida auris infections. Multidisciplinary involvement, administrative will, strict adherence to infection control strategies plays a leading role in controlling Candida auris infections.


Classical time series analysis requires many assumptions such as the normality of data, linearity in the autocorelation coefficient and statistical parameter estimations. It is almost impossible to find all these assumptions applicable in stochastic time series generation or simulation. This paper provides a simple fuzzy-probabilistic method for the time series analysis. The basis of the methodology is to construct the fuzzy base rule domain from the available daily maximum temperature records at Kandilli observatory in Istanbul. The new concepts of transition and cumulative probability procedures are employed for taking decision among the alternative consequent fuzzy sets prior to the defuzzification.


The deposits of Lower Carboniferous rocks in
Kalmard Block are characterized by Gachal informal formation, showing various
properties in different outcrops. These deposits (in Gachal formation) are
composed chiefly of carbonate, evaporite and siliciclastic
rocks. This formation commonly hosts 190 m sandstone, limestone, dolomitic
limestone and dolomite as well as a small amount of shale and marl in the
Bakhshi section. It unconformably underlies
Devonian deposits (Rahdar formation) while lateritic soils of lower Permian
(Chili formation) are depicted overlying an erosional unconformity above this
formation. The mixed carbonate-evaporite-siliciclastic sequence of Gachal
formation is made up of three third-order depositional sequences, separated
from each other by Type 1 sequence boundary (SB1). Siliciclastic and evaporite
deposits include LST system tract, whereas carbonate microfacies involve TST
and HST system tracts, separated from each other by MFS. The depositional sequences identified in Gachal formation point to the Lower Carboniferous age, conforming to
upper Kaskaskia supersequence. The upper erosional boundary between
Gachal and Chili formations complies with the global-scale
sea level fall.


Language contact between migrating Bantu speakers and resident Khoisan speakers has resulted in the adoption of clicks in various southern African Bantu languages. This paper uses the comparative method to show that for one particular cluster of Bantu click languages, the Nguni languages, a large number of phonemic clicks can be reconstructed to its putative ancestor Proto-Nguni, including a palatal click rarely found in Bantu languages and no longer used as such in any living Nguni language. Although clicks have undergone subsequent developments in individual Nguni languages, no new click phonemes were acquired through language contact, showing that clicks were already present very early in the history of the Nguni languages. This relative chronology provides new insights into how the relations between Bantu- and Khoisan-speaking communities in southern Africa developed over time.


To test the appropriateness of referrals for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Campania, Italy, using the criteria of the Maastricht Consensus.


The grade variation in approach(additional gradient)caused by post-construction settlement of bridgehead subgrade within certain scope at the junction of road and bridge is the basic reason resulting in vehicle at high speed bumping at bridgehead.Reducing the post-construction settlement of bridgehead subgrade and setting transition section for buffering by a variety of measures is the main technical method to solve bumping at bridgehead.


This study was developed with the objective of evaluating reflective paint on covering and artificial ventilation on performance of broilers (males and females). A randomized design with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used, as follows: 2 external management systems (coverage with and without reflective paint), 2 internal management systems (with and without artificial ventilation) and 2 sexes (male and female), totalizing 8 treatments. A total of 480 1-day old chicks of the Cobb strain were distributed  randomly, according to sex, to treatments. Each treatment consisted of 4 pens - two pens for males and two for females - with 30 birds each. Six birds/pen were sampled. The studies were conducted at IFG-Urutai Campus. For the performance evaluation, average weight, feed intake and mortality rate were measured weekly.  There are differences between the performance of males and females, with males having greater weight gain and increased feed intake compared with females. The use of environmental changes, such as reflective paint or artificial ventilation, fosters weight gain and feed intake by broilers. There is positive effect of combined use of reflective paint and artificial ventilation in the feed intake of birds.


This study explores the adoption and use of WeChat, the most popular mobile instant messaging (MIM) platform in China, among middle-aged residents in urban China. Previous technology diffusion studies have paid little attention to this demographic. Based on diffusion of innovations and uses and gratifications theory, the study aims to identify the predictors of adoption and use of WeChat by middle-aged individuals. Data were collected in Xiamen from a sample of 300 tourists aged from 36 to 60 years. The results showed that the perceived relative advantages of WeChat significantly predicted its adoption by the middle-aged users in the sample. However, the effects in predicting usage were limited when the perceived need for WeChat were taken into account. In addition, the results indicated that demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, and income) and personal innovativeness were significant predictors of the adoption and use of WeChat among middle-aged individuals.


This research was based a decrease in sales PO Padang Aran in the
period 2011-2013. The decline in sales can be formulated that how consumers
make purchase decisions using PO Padang Aran phenomenon amid increasingly
fierce competition. This study aimed to examine the effect of price perception,
service quality, and promotion of tourism bus purchase decisions using PO
Padang Aran.
This study used accidental sampling method with a sample of 100 people
from a population of users Padang Aran PO tourist buses. The analytical method
used is multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that the following
regression equation: Y = 0,338 X1 + 0,423 X2 + 0,316 X3.
Based on statistical data analysis, the indicators in this study is valid and
reliable. In the classical assumption test, regression models multikolonieritas free,
does not occur heteroscedasticity, and normal distribution. The greatest variable
is the variable quality of service equal to 0.423, while the smallest variable is the
variable promotion of 0,316. The results of the study found that all independent
variables are positive and significant effect on the dependent variable


Popular Education, while extremely widespread among adult education, has also been susceptible to cooptation for purposes inconsistent with Freire's revolutionary Marxist goals. This paper addresses the problematic of cooptation by arguing for a re-centering of Marxist-Feminism in Popular Education. While Freire's eclecticism may be the reason his pedagogy has been so repeatedly coopted, I argue that this cooptation can be inhibited by understanding the role of Marxist-Feminism in adult learning. Consistent with the goals and methods of Popular Education, Marxist-Feminism provides a sound theoretical framework educators can build into their pedagogical practice. Educators unafraid to voice their theoretical adherence to Marxist-Feminism can democratically direct the learning process towards desired goals of critical consciousness.


We present a new approach for finding a minimal value of an arbitrary function assuming only its continuity. The process avoids verifying Lagrange- or KKT-conditions. The method enables us to obtain a Brouwer fixed point (of a continuous function mapping from a cube into itself).


According to previous researches of BOT concession, many of the researches are connected to the concession and the concession agreement. The precondition of these researches is that there is only one project company cooperate with the government, and they cannot deal with the company exit in the middle of cooperation or the government choose another company to deal with the operation because the government want to maximum all the profits. Due to these problems, this paper proposed a method which using dynamic game theory after numerous game and sports minimum cost knowledge to solve the above problem, according to the study, we found that this case may also be developed into a new infrastructure financing method which could provide a theoretical basis for the future infrastructure.


A total of nine polymers were first tested. Correlations between molecular weight and sludge settling rate were identified for three types of polymers with a general trend of higher molecular weight giving a faster settling rate. Among the non-ionic polymers, the medium molecular weight polymer produced the best results (1831.88 ppm). Among the cationic flocculants, the lowest molecular weight polymer resulted in more REEs distribution (2478.81 ppm). It was concluded that the super high molecular weight of anionic flocculants works best for treating phosphoric acid sludge which resulted in REE concentration of 2568.69 ppm. Five co-polymers with different anionic ratio were tested as well. A higher anionic ratio resulted in faster settlement. It was found that the higher was the anionic ratio of the flocculant, the higher was REE concentration in the final solids and the highest anionic ratio polymer resulted in 2999.64 ppm of REE. This trend was attributed to zeta potential change due to addition of the polymer.


The variable outputs of the Sun that influence the Earth's atmosphere include electromagnetic radiation, the solar wind, and energetic particles emitted by flares and other disturbances. Irregularities in the solar wind can also modulate galactic cosmic rays that impact the Earth. In addition, there are variations in the solar energy at the top of the atmosphere caused by long-term changes in the Earth's orbital elements. All of these variations are currently being imposed on an atmosphere whose composition and thermal structure is changing as a result of trace-gas increases from man's activities. There is need for a next-generation climate model that extends from the ground to the thermosphere that can be used to study the effects of solar variability on a changing atmosphere. Such a model will probably require an increase in present-day computational power by a factor of 10 to 100.<<ETX>>


Introduction New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is an important complication of liver transplantation associated with greater graft rejection, sepsis, renal impairment, and biliary complications. The aetiology of NODAT is unknown but recognized risk factors include calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppression and hepatitis C infection. There is limited evidence that hyperglycaemia within 14 days post-transplant may also contribute to NODAT. Aims/Background We sought to assess the risk factors associated with NODAT in liver transplant recipients at a major European transplant unit. Method We retrospectively studied 148 consecutive liver transplant recipients in 2009 at King's College Hospital. We gathered demographic and biochemical data, pre-transplant UKELD and MELD scores, aetiology of liver disease, daily glucose kinetics, total daily insulin requirement in the 14 days post-transplant, requirement for diabetes medications at 1 year, immunosuppression therapy (including steroids), intensive care and total hospital stay. Variables were analysed for their ability to predict NODAT using Fisher's exact test (categorical variables), unpaired t test (continuous variables), and logistical regression. Results Of the 148 patients identified, 58 had complete blood glucose data and were included in the analysis. 11/58 had pre-transplant diabetes; 7/58 developed NODAT and 40 did not. Key results are shown in table 1. Of note, hyperglycaemia in the 14 days post-transplant was associated with NODAT (p=0.003), as was hepatitis C (p=0.018) and lower average plasma tacrolimus concentration on days 1–6 post-transplant (p=0.005). Table 1 Median (range) NODAT (n=7) Non-NODAT, Non-DM (n=40) p Male 5 19 0.416 Age (years) 53 (38-59) 54 (19-73) 0.810 Hyperglycaemia in 14 days post-transplant (>15-≤20 mmol/L) 5 5 0.003 Hepatitis C 4 5 0.018 Tacrolimus concentration (g/L, average day 1-6) 4.0 (2.6-6.6) 7.0 (3.7-17.9) 0.005 Conclusion This is the largest study reported to date to demonstrate that hyperglycaemia within the first 14 days post-transplant is predictive of NODAT in a population given only moderate doses of steroid post-transplant (20 mg prednisolone daily). Hepatitis C also predisposed to NODAT in our population but, contrary to previous reports, higher tacrolimus concentrations did not. Whilst the pathophysiology remains unclear, being vigilant for this important complication and starting hyperglycaemic management in a timely fashion may reduce the incidence of and morbidity associated with NODAT.


The literature on carbon management has focused on how businesses might employ carbon innovation to turn environmental challenges and gain competitive advantages. This study advances carbon management awareness among Malaysian firms accredited by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001. The study specifically aims to evaluate the impact of carbon risk management on carbon performance through the mediating variable of carbon accounting. This study employed a quantitative approach; data on carbon management ISO 14001 accredited enterprises will be analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). This paper presents a conceptual framework proposed and a fundamental understanding of the relationship between carbon risk management, carbon accounting, and carbon performance in Malaysia. It also hopes to provide information on enterprises' management practices, particularly for ISO 14001-accredited companies and other businesses.


With their hyperfine states serving as two-level qubits, atoms can be packed into closely spaced, laser-cooled arrays and be individually addressed using laser pulses.


Phthalic acid esters are widely used in various fields of human's daily life as a class of plasticizers which can enter the human body through respiration,diet and skin,causing harm to human health. In order to monitor and control the contamination of phthalic acid esters,researches in recent years have focused on regulations,testing standards and analytical methods. This paper reviewed regulations,testing standards and analytical methods for phthalic acid esters in fields of food,cosmetics,medical supplies and water. Moreover,problems and prospects were discussed for the detection of phthalic acid esters.


With drawing attention widely,mercury pollution from flue gas has become one of the most important research subject currently. This paper introduced the main forms of mercury and their characteristics,putting forward several measures for the prevention and control of the mercury pollution before combustion,during combustion and post combustion respectively. In accordance with the current situation of the prevention and control of mercury pollution,this paper also presented some suggestions.


The paper investigated the polynomials whose coefficients are generalized distribution. Convolution via generalized polylogarithm and subordination methods were employed to obtain the upper bounds for the first few coefficients of the class defined. Furthermore, relevant connections to Fekete-Szego classical theorem were established, particularly in conic region. Conclusively, consequences of various choices of parameters involved were pointed out. The results further established geometric properties of the generalized distribution associated with univalent functions. AMS (MOS) Subject Classification Codes: 30C45


The influence factors on degree of roadbed compaction are analyzed.Some of the improving measures are put forward on point of view of design,construction,machinery etc.


The present invention is implemented for modeling speaker recognition apparatus and method, and a speaker recognition system. Modeling apparatus comprising: a front end, each of the target speaker acquired from the enrollment voice data; anchor set generation unit, based on an anchor using the registered voice data generating spatial reference anchor set; and a generation unit voiceprint data is generated based on the reference anchor set and the registration voice voiceprint. In the present disclosure, by considering the enrollment speech and the speaker adaptation techniques, can generate a smaller anchor model, it is possible to have a smaller size for the anchor set reference, a highly reliable and robust speaker recognition. This calculation speed improvements as well as a substantial reduction in memory is very beneficial.


In this paper,an error measuring system for numerical control cutter holder is studied,and the repeated locating error on the numerical control cutter holder and the convert error are measured.The computer control processing software is programmed by Visual C++ language,which can realize data acquisition,parametric analysis,and reliability analysis.The interface designed by Visual C++ provides a good human-machine interaction between the system and users so as to conduct the real-time monitoring both on the data processing and hypogenous machine.


a A. aeolicus genome 171–174 action potentials 203 active node 86 additive noise 197 adjacent matrix 178 advanced suppression techniques 206 all-to-all coupling 189 amplitude equation 1, 34, 43–46, 49, 204, 205 animal experiments 191 annealed approximation 79, 81 annual data series 112, 113 arrays of coupled Duffing resonators 34 asynchronous update 107 attractor 69, 74, 75, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 105 – numbers 70, 107 – of the network 93 autocorrelation function 112, 120, 121, 130 automata 150 avoidance signature 169 avoided K-strings in complete genomes 170


PURPOSE: A preparation method for reducing residual stress as maintaining superior mechanical properties by adding silicon as a third element to silicon incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin film is provided. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method of silicon incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin film is characterized in that the silicon incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin film contains silicon by sputtering silicon using magnetron sputtering method at the same time when depositing the silicon incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin film using filtered vacuum arc deposition method, wherein the preparation method comprises the step of generating carbon plasma using the filtered vacuum arc deposition method by mounting a solid carbon source on the filter vacuum arc equipment and impressing a filtered vacuum arc power source to the filter vacuum arc equipment using a filtered vacuum arc equipment comprising arc ion source part (11), magnetic filtering part (12) and raster unit (12), a magnetron sputtering part comprising magnetron sputter gun (15) and sputter power supply system, and a synthesizing equipment comprising reaction chamber, and simultaneously depositing carbon and silicon on a substrate (14) mounted in the reaction chamber by mounting silicon on the sputter gun of the magnetron sputtering part and impressing a magnetron sputtering power source to the sputter gun, thereby sputtering the silicon at the same time.


This paper is concerned with the problem of verifying the accuracy of an approximate solution of a sparse linear system whose coecient matrix is an H-matrix. Fast and ecient methods of calculating componentwise error bounds of the computed solution are proposed. The methods are based on the veried criterion for an


One type of testing platform system for pipe laying is designed in this paper.The ability of enduring stress,leaking or not and the leakage degree of the pipe laying can be tested by this platform.One ADVANTECH IPC and several kinds of data collection control cards are used as hardware and Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 are used as compiling tool of software in this platform system.Closed-loop control method is used in this test system.The labor intensity is reduced and test precision,efficiency of producing and security are improves by using the platform.


The results of bond tests on 66 straight and 36 hooked Glass- Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic (GFRP) rebars are presented. The tensile load was applied to the rebars in a gradual increment of load level until splitting of concrete, rebar pull-out failure, or rebar fracture occurred. The slip between the rebars and concrete was measured at the loaded and free ends at each load level. Variables included in the study were concrete compressive strength, embedment length, clear concrete cover, rebar diameter, concrete cast depth, radius of bend, and rail length. New criteria for acceptable bond performance of GFRP rebars to concrete were developed and were used to evaluate the experimental results. Design guidelines for calculating the development lengths for straight and hooked GFRP rebars to concrete were derived which parallel those of the ACI Code for steel rebars. In addition, confinement factors were calculated to reflect the influence of concrete cover and casting position.


Spatial crowdsourcing provides workers for performing cooperative tasks considering their locations, and is drawing much attention with the rapid development of mobile Internet. The key techniques in spatial crowdsourcing include worker-mobitlity-based task matching for more information gain and efficient cooperation among coworkers. In this paper, we first propose information gain based maximum task matching problem, where each spatial task needs to be performed before its expiration time and workers are moving dynamically. We then prove it is a NP-hard problem. Next, we propose two approximation algorithms: greedy and extremum algorithms. In order to improve the time efficiency and the task assignment accuracy, we further propose an optimization approach. Subsequently, for complex spatial tasks, we propose a feedback-based cooperation mechanism, model the worker affinity and the matching degree between a task and a group of coworkers, and design a feedback-based assignment algorithm with group affinity. We conducted extensive experiments on both real-world and synthetic datasets. The results demonstrate that our approach outperforms related schemes.


Bibliography.—Pietrement, Milne-Edwards, Sir Charles Lyell, Sanson, Ephrem Houel, Emile Burnouf, Rodier, Pictet, Max Muller, Mariette Bey, Layard, et al. Etymology of terms for horse.—The word horse is derived from the Sanscrit word Rasa—a sentiment or passion. Rasika—A horse, i.e., a sensible, ardent or intelligent animal; used also for the elephant. Hros —Ancient Saxon and Scandinavian. Synonyms.—Ross— German. Ors—Dutch and Swedish. Rosse—French. ) A _ • j Rozza—Italian. ) The technical term, Equus, is derived from the Zend root. Aqu—rapid Aqpa—A courser ; a horse. Asp or Ash—Persian. Ikkos—Eolian, which degenerated into ippos in the later Greek. Our adjective, cavalry, derived directly from the French, cheval, is found in the Sanscrit—Tchapala. Kavi—Kapala. Irish—Capall, capuill. Cornish—Kevil. W elsh—Ceffyl. Slave—Kobyla. ' Latin—Caballus. Persian—Kawal. Arab—Chabal.


Fox has designed his "modular" commentary to function" as a resource for different kinds of reading and study." In addition to the commentary, which requires no knowledge of Hebrew and omits technical discussions of no interest to the general reader, a number of excurses deal with topical matters suggested by, but not directly pertinent to, the commentary. Treatment of philological matters and scholarly debates appear in separate notes while commentary on text-critical material is reserved for the end of the volume. The commentary proper places the biblical book of Proverbs squarely


This study aims to investigate phytochemical constituents of Pulicaria laciniata extracts and determine their antioxidant activity using three methods; Phosphomolybdate, Reducing Power, and Metal Chelating. The phytochemical investigation showed various secondary metabolites such as Phenols, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, and Terpenoids. The N-butanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity comparing with the other extract in all methods (0.51 and 0.65 mg/ml as A0.5 values of Phosphomolybdate, reducing power) and (1.65mg/ml for IC50 value of metal-chelating). In contrast, all the extracts showed week activity against the metal-chelating method.


The theoretical flaw in administrative ecology hinders the public administrative solution to the natural resource and environmental problems,which in nature are issues of generational fair.The definition of generational fair and its smooth match with governmental administration asks for the ecological administration,which is the correction to the administrative ecology and the natural choice of the government in dealing with resource and environmental issues as well as in assuring the generational fair.Ecological administration is to be achieved by the government to modify the goal,emphasizing the responsibility for the environment,balance its power,improve its assessment system,and restrain its governing actions.


Bricks have been playing a significant role in building and construction for thousands of years. Nowadays, conventional bricks are produced from clay by using a high temperature of kiln firing and at the same time it releases large quantity of greenhouse gases. The excessive used of aggregates in brick mixture could make it rapidly diminished and effecting our construction industry in the future and besides, the waste management of agriculture or natural fiber such as sugarcane bagasse fiber are poorly handled. In this study, research was conducted on the performance of sugarcane bagasse fiber as partial aggregate replacement in lightweight concrete brick. The objectives of this research were to identifying optimum percentage for partial aggregate replacement using sugarcane bagasse fiber, to compare the strength of sugarcane bagasse fiber bricks with standard concrete brick and to observe the acceptance of sugarcane bagasse fiber as replacement material in concrete brick among the brick manufacturer. Qualitative method such as interview session was also applied in order to achieve the third objective of this research. There were two respondents involved which is one was from the brick manufacturer and the other one was a researcher in Johor area. There were four brick specimens casted for several proportions of 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% sugarcane bagasse fiber as partial aggregate replacement. Then, the compressive strength was conducted to determine the strength of the brick specimens. The finding shows that 0.5% of sugarcane bagasse fiber was the highest percentage of optimum strength with 2.5MPa than the others. From the qualitative analysis, both respondents agreed that this research required a lot more of improvement in order to increase the strength of the sugarcane bagasse fiber brick. This study would reduce the amount of sugarcane bagasse fiber disposed on the land Hamidun, Norakma Huda & Nur'ain, Research in Management of Technology and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020) p. 448-468 449 for dumping purpose and could act as alternative material to lightweight concrete brick that have high standard and quality that can be proposed to the stakeholders.


The objective was to evaluate the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ruminal degradation of silages of elephant grass; elephant grass ensiled with 30% of sugarcane; 15% of cocoa meal; and 45% of sugarcane plus 15% of cocoa meal. Samples of each silage were incubated in the rumen of three Holstein x Zebu crossbred steers during the periods of 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The experimental design used was the one of subdivided parcels and the non linear coefficients a, b and c were estimated through Gauss-Newton interactive procedures. For the elephant grass ensiled with cocoa meal, larger values of DM and CP fraction a were observed, next to 60%, besides the greatest b fraction degradation rates and effective degradability (ED) of CP to passage rates of 2, 5 and 8% h -1 . The silages that showed the largest non-degradable i fractions of NDF were the elephant grass silages without additive and with 30% of sugarcane, while the silage addicted with 45% of sugarcane and 15% of cocoa meal showed up by the largest DM, CP and NDF potential degradation in all of the studied periods, and larger DM and CP ED for passage rates of 2, 5 and 8% h -1 . The associated inclusion of sugarcane with cocoa meal at the moment of the elephant grass ensilage comes as an alternative to increase the degradability of forage in advanced growth stage.


The Progress of Medicine in the Philippines comprises of four oil paintings on canvas executed by Philippine National Artist Carlos V. Francisco in 1953, which were commissioned for the main entrance hall of the Philippine General Hospital in Manila. The Hospital's entrance hall opens directly onto the outdoor environment. With air pollution and pedestrian traffic through the hospital, combined with termite infestation and minor incidents of vandalism, the paintings began to exhibit signs of severe deterioration, such that restoration was performed in 1974, then again in 1991 and in 2006. Nevertheless, the condition of the paintings continued to worsen. This gave rise to the idea of transferring the original paintings to a special gallery of the National Museum of the Philippines, in exchange for high-quality reproductions that would take their place at the hospital entrance. Such an initiative would be unprecedented in the Philippines, but was made possible by the shared recognition of all stakeholders that the paintings were highly significant. This paper describes how a collaborative approach to a large-scale conservation project has led to increased recognition of and support for the conservation department at the National Museum of the Philippines.


An arithmetical function $f$ is said to be even (mod r) if f(n)=f((n,r)) for all n\in\Z^+, where (n, r) is the greatest common divisor of n and r. We adopt a linear algebraic approach to show that the Discrete Fourier Transform of an even function (mod r) can be written in terms of Ramanujan's sum and may thus be referred to as the Discrete Ramanujan-Fourier Transform.


10 ml. measuring cylinders. Each flask was rinsed with 2 ml. 5 % trichloroacetic acid three times, and the fluid used for the protein precipitate on the filter paper. After allowing to drain overnight, the volumes were made up to 10 ml. with distilled water. A 2 ml. aliquot was taken for estimating the amount of oa-keto-acid by the method already described. At the same time, an equivalent amount of the Na salt of the a-keto-acid, not subjected to this extraction process, was estimated by the same method. A comparison of the absorption intensities of the two against the control gave a direct figure for the recovery of the a-keto-acid from the protein extract.


In the local Universe, globular clusters (GCs) with metallicities $[{\rm Fe}/{\rm H}] 9$ are most likely to end up in galaxies presently more massive than the Milky Way, whereas GCs in low-mass galaxies such as the Fornax dSph ($M_\star\approx4\times10^7~{\rm M}_\odot$) formed at $z\lesssim3$.


The invention discloses a suspension control method of a space small magnet, relating to the technical field of a control method of a space magnetic field. The method comprises the following steps of 1) building a suspension control system of the small magnet, wherein the suspension control system comprises a plurality of groups of position control coils, a plurality of groups of gesture control coils and the small magnet; and 2) changing the position of the small magnet in the suspension control system by changing the size and the direction of energization current in the positional control coils, and changing the gesture of the small magnet by changing the size and the direction of energization current in the gesture control coils. According to the method, the gesture and the position of the space suspension small magnet are accurately controlled by controlling the size of the coil current.


Catching the Wave: Workplace Reform in Australia. By John Mathews.

Comparable Worth and Gender Discrimination: An International Perspective. By Morley Gunderson.

Cooper Crucible: How the Arizona Miner's Strike of 1983 Recast Labor-Management Relations in America. By Jonathan D. Rosenblum.

Cultural Diversity in the Workplace: Issues and Strategies. By George Henderson.

The Employer's Legal Handbook. By Fred S. Steingold.

The Future of Industrial Relations: Global Change and Challenges. By John Niland, Chrissie Verevis, and Russell D. Lansbury.

Labor and Community: Mexican Citrus Worker Villages in a Southern California County, 1900–1950. By Gilbert G. Gonzalez.

Labor Arbitration: An Annotated Bibliography. Edited by Charles J. Coleman and theodora T. Haynes.

Labour's Dilemma: The Gender Politics of Auto Workers in Canada, 1937-79. By Pamela Sugiman.

The Promise of Mediation: Responding to Conflict through Empowerment and Recognition. By Robert A. Baruch Bush and Joseph P. Folger.

Ranbow at Midnight: Labor and Culture in the 1940s. By George Lipsitz.

Success While Others Fail: Social Movement Unionism and the Public Workplace. By Paul Johnston.

Trade Union Growth and Decline: An International Study. By Walter Galenson.


Humpback whales sing long, complex songs on their wintering grounds. On 25 August 1979 and 3 September 1981, we made recordings of humpback whale songs in southeastern Alaska, showing that humpback whales also sing on the summer feeding grounds. Both these Alaskan samples are songs in that they are repeating cyclical sound patterns and follow the known structure for humpback whale song. The Alaskan songs contain all the same material sung in the same order as that heard off Mexico and Hawaii in the surrounding wintering seasons. However, song, theme and some phrase durations are abbreviated in the Alaskan songs. The recording of these two songs represents the full sample of song recorded from 155 days over five years of attempting to record humpback whale song in Alaskan waters.


According to the driver using mobile phones while driving process exists serious traffic safety hidden problems,this paper gives a solution of vehicle-based Bluetooth hands-free system based on S3C2440 A and WinCE.The system is based on S3C2440A as the master controller and Bluetooth module as the protocol controller,and we design the outer circuit for Bluetooth module.Under WinCE environment,we development the software with eVC++.Through the actual experiment proved that the system has high practical value.


By developing and implementing the distribution line management in various transmission line sectors using sensory data collection in mobile sinks and power stations by wireless communication. The goal of the concept is to provide uninterrupted load from power house to consumer; to achieve significant and immediate improvement in reliability and hence improved service to the electricity consumers. It indicates the fault occurred area to the power house and line patrol staffs. The fault location can be found out effectively and efficiently after a fault had occurred and prevent the theft of current in load lines. This concept can be used in isolated urban and rural areas to recognize the faults in load lines by formation of clusters, cluster head and rendezvous nodes in wireless sensor networks. The Zigbee and GSM technology were used in this sensor network for communication purpose. Fault indicator sensor is used for analysing the faults in load lines and retrieving the associated parameters. The transmission lines and distribution system plays important role in current distribution to the consumers without interruption. The survey indicates that 80% of the consumer"s service interruptions are due to failures in distribution networks. To improve the reliability of distribution, the sensory data collection in transmission line is essential. The present distribution automated system includes substation automation, feeder automation, automatic meter reading and automated build-up of geographic information system and so on. But the idea introduces the concept called automatic transmission line monitoring from power house. The feature of this concept is that the power house staff or line patrol staff can retrieve the parameters like amount of current flowing or voltage level in any load acting point. Hence the theft current in load lines can be recognized. The distance from power house to consumers is subdivided into clusters. Here a load acting point can act as either node or cluster head based on the energy consumption. For each cluster there is a cluster head which collects the data from all the nodes. The rendezvous node is a stationary node which can communicate to the power house when required. If the fault occurs in any node it automatically updates the power station about the fault. The sensors sense the faults and intimate to the node device. The information about the fault includes the location and number of the pole, substation, and what kind of fault was occurred on the transmission line. The Zigbee technology is used for communication among the cluster head, various nodes and rendezvous node in the clusters. The GSM technology can be used to transmit the information to the power house or Mobile Station (MS). The line patrol staffs will have a hand held device to receive the data from rendezvous. Here we use multi-hop technology that assesses the energy consumption of each node in the cluster to elect the cluster head. The main aim is to sense the fault with the help of sensors and updating the information about load line parameters, topology formation, cluster head election and rendezvous node selection.


In the context of modernization of the national education system there is a need to rethink the experience of theory and practice of training primary school teachers. In the Concept of artistic and aesthetic education of students in secondary schools of Ukraine the purpose of artistic education of the younger generation acquires a new humanistic sound. It is ensured through the perception of works of domestic and foreign art, through the practice of artistic activity and is aimed at forming students' personal and artistic attitude to art, their artistic and figurative thinking, enhancing the need and ability for artistic and creative self-realization and spiritual self-improvement. Students of pedagogical faculties of higher education institutions must have formed moral and aesthetic orientations and clear criteria for evaluating the beautiful in art and the world around them. Future specialists must lay the foundations of pedagogical skills; they must become carriers of aesthetic culture. Therefore, the concept of professional and aesthetic readiness of future primary school teachers today requires a precise understanding of its essence, structure and possibilities of formation in the educational process of higher education. The article considers the problem of professional and aesthetic readiness of future primary school teachers for pedagogical activity. The essence and structure of professional and aesthetic readiness of future specialists are characterized. Theoretical and methodological bases of enhancing professional and aesthetic readiness of the students of pedagogical faculties at higher education institutions are revealed. The structural components of professional and aesthetic readiness of future primary school teachers to carry out pedagogical activities are determined. It is proved that the process of formation of professional and aesthetic readiness of future specialists should be carried out taking into account national features, ethnic traditions, which will be directly included in the process of aesthetic and cultural activities of students. The main requirements for professional and pedagogical training of future primary school teachers are summarized.


As cities in China undergo growth and transformation, they continue to absorb migrants from both ends of the economic spectrum, giving rise to socially mixed cities. As this occurs, the cities experience an elevated level of residential segregation due to the emergence of new forms of enclave urbanism, such as gated communities and chengzhongcun (villages-in-the-city). Factors including historical legacy, land institutions, and property-led development have contributed to this divided residential pattern at the neighborhood level. However, at larger geographical scales, the degree of segregation depends on whether the provision of different housing types is systematically segregated among urban districts. This paper, using Shenzhen as a case study, examines the spatial logic of the divided pattern of the population by analyzing the distribution of both urban residents and housing provisions. The analysis explores segregation between the privileged hukou holders and underprivileged non-hukou migrants as well as the spatial separation of formal urban housing and chengzhongcun. As expected, non-hukou migrants are largely segregated from hukou holders due to their much-constrained choice of housing and the widespread availability of chengzhongcun. A rather low degree of segregation is manifest at the sub-district level. The pattern is somewhat more desirable, as it maintains a more spatially equitable setting that enables disadvantaged groups to reside within short distances of jobs and amenities. Nevertheless, urban renewal programs targeted at chengzhongcun are most likely to jeopardize such a pattern of housing, which may aggravate segregation at the larger geographical levels.


In this paper we propose a numerical algorithm for solving a free boundary problem with nonlocal constraint on the main unknown which arises as a mathematical model in elastohydrodynamic lubrication. The constraint is due to the natural balance between a given load imposed on a ball bearing device and the hydrodynamic load coming from the fluid that lubricates the contact. Elasticity, lubrication, viscosity and cavitation are the underlying phenomena which give place to a non linear coupled system of equations. We use fixed point sequences, method of characteristics, finite elements, duality techniques and monotonicity arguments to build up a numerical scheme. Numerical results for real data are shown.


Document forgery is an illegal activity that alters official documents by adding, subtracting, or replacing certain letters or numbers, resulting in an invalid document. The proposed method to overcome this problem is by inserting secret words into printed text documents based on the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) characters. In this study, bit mapping was done by inserting secret words into text documents and changing each character to a binary value of 7 (seven) bits long. The position of each bit of the secret word is determined by each bit of the text document character, which has the same value; for example, bit 0 of the secret character is mapped to bit 0 of the text character of the document, as well as bit 1 and is repeated until all the characters of the text document are mapped with the secret word character. So, every time one bit is mapped, the system records the position of the bit sequence, and this set of bit sequences is converted into a QR code to be pasted on the document to be printed. Testing of printed documents is carried out by comparing the QR Code value with digital text on printed documents obtained through the Optical Character Recognition process (OCR)


Objective To investigate CT stage of carcinoma of gallbladder and its role in preoperative evaluation of surgical resectability.Methods CT staging with reference to current literature was made retrospectively in 80 cases of carcinoma of gallbladder proved pathologically and imaging studies.Surgical resectability was evaluated in combination with surgical and pathological results on different stages of this disease.Results In this group,there were stage Ⅰin 9 cases,stageⅡ in 18 cases,stage Ⅲin 42 cases and stageⅣ in 11 cases.32 cases were radically resected,among them,9 were stage Ⅰ,18 stage Ⅱ and 5 stage Ⅲ.Palliative resection was done on 31 cases;all were stage Ⅲ.Exploratory surgery were done on 9 cases(6 stage Ⅲ and 3 stage Ⅳ),by they were unresectable.8 cases (CT stage Ⅳ on CT)had no surgery,but treated otherwise.Conclusion CT studies and staging of gallbladder carcinoma are conducive to preoperative evaluation of surgical and choice of appropriate treatment planning.


Information technology transfer is not an easy task, and seems to be particularly daunting for developing countries. As most technology is designed and produced in developed countries, it is culturally-biased in favor of those developed countries' social and cultural systems. This bias creates cultural and social obstacles for developing countries to transfer technology into practice. Based on focus groups, interviews of Arab-American business people, and a field study conducted in five Arab countries, this paper presents the findings of a qualitative progressive study to systematically examine the linkage between information technology transfer and sociocultural factors that support or impede a successful transfer.