Ecology of Deer, a research review relevant to their management in Scotland, by Brian Mitchell, Brian W. Staines and David Welch (Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Cambridge, is an excellent summary of the ecology and conservation problems of one of Scotland's most controversial animals. The main factual sections cover dispersion, feeding, social and other behaviour factors affecting distribution; impact on the habitat; and population dynamics and performance. It is a measure of the success of the former Nature Conservancy in setting up research programmes that its partsuccessor is able to produce this valuable document. There is probably now no other British animal about whose ecology we know more. In 1976 Peter C.H. Pritchard, supported by YVWF(US), spent a month in Micronesia, the 2203 Pacific islands almost all in US Trust Territory, collecting background information about the marine turtles (green and hawksbill) in order to provide the groundwork for a conservation plan. His 83-page report and recommendations, Marine Turtles—Micronesia (Chelonia Press, 536 Fifth Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118), says firmly that present trends if not reversed will undoubtedly lead to the extinction of these turtles in Micronesia. Law enforcement, particularly to stop the tourist trade in hawksbill shell souvenirs is essential, as are beach surveys on remote islands (only tough persons able to survive the conditions need apply). The central issue is that to save the declining populations fewer turtles must be killed; it is not enough just to protect nesting beaches. 'An adult female turtle on the feeding ground or in migration is just as important a member of the population as a turtle on the nesting beach; it is simply more difficult to catch!' A Field Study on Sumatran Orang Utans, by H.D. Rijksen (Nature Conservation Dept., Agricultural University, Marykeweg 15, Wageningen), is a comprehensive, thorough and well illustrated 400-page report of a three-year field study in the Ketambe area of the Gunung Leuser Reserve, where the population density of orangs was considerably higher than in other areas of Indonesia. Ecology, social behaviour and conservation are discussed, and considerable space devoted to the threats that keep the orang utan an endangered species. Formerly hunting was an important factor; today forest destruction by commercial logging and invading agriculture (result of the human population explosion) is much the most serious. From the point of view of watershed management (let alone the orang utan) Indonesia would be wise to make a reserve of all the remaining forest in north Sumatra.


The study of perceived risk is one of the major behavioral determinants. Most of the literature analyzes perceived risk in relation to risk relievers and their role in consumer behavior. A risk reliever is a device or an action initiated by the purchaser or the seller in order to reduce the perceived risk, and acts as protection strategy that is usuallyapplied by consumers who are facing a risky choice situation. With the emergence of new technologies in the retail industry, analyzing new types of risk relievers has become of great interest for the scientific community as well for marketing practitioners. The purpose of this study is to reveal significant theoretical contributions to the development of perceived risk and risk reducing strategies.


The oxidation of benzene to phenol in dilute aqueous solution by Co60 gamma rays and betatron X-rays (23 Mev. peak energy) is compared with the oxidationof Fe++ to Fe+++ under similar conditions. The ratio was the same for Co60 and betatron radiations. The yield for the Co60 radiations was about 10% greater than the apparent yield for the betatron radiations, the difference probably being attributable to dose determination at high energies (>1 Mev.). It is concluded that both reactions are independent of energy and dose rate over the ranges investigated.


In parotid acinar cells, -adrenergic receptor activation results in accumulation of intracellular cAMP. Subsequently, cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is activated and consequently amylase release is provoked. In this paper, we investigated involvement of protein kinase C(PKC ), a novel isoform of PKC, in amylase release induced by -adrenergic receptor stimulation. Amylase release stimulated with the agonsit isoproterenol (IPR) was inhibited by rottlerin, an inhibitor of PKC . IPR activated PKC and the effect of IPR were inhibited by a PKA inhibitor, H89. Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), a major cellular substrate for PKC, was detected in rat parotid acinar cells, and a MARCKS inhibitor, MARCKS-related peptide, inhibited the IPR-induced amylase release. IPR stimulated MARCKS phosphorylation, which was found to be inhibited by H89 and rottlerin. These observations suggest that PKC activation is a downstream pathway of PKA activation and is involved in amylase release via MARCKS phosphorylation in rat parotid acinar cells stimulated with adrenergic agonist. J. Med. Invest. 56 Suppl. : 368-370, December, 2009


King James is one of the most widely studied royal historical figures of the early modern period. This dissertation examines King James VI's Daemonologie as it relates to the themes of masculinity and self-fashioning. By analysing James, through his demonological treatise, I illuminate James's anxiety of the learned man and show his masking of that anxiety through textual self-fashioning as it appears in his Daemonologie.


After entering the 21 th century,the problem of justice,especially the global justice,is becoming a hot spot of study abroad,the famous representative of market socialism,David miller,also turned to the study of global justice.Miller's theories of global justice included;firstly,the global justice was not equal to global egalitarianism,it maintained the national political independence and the diversity of the world;Secondly,each nation's consequent responsibility and inherited responsibility were indispensable for global justice,which required that each nation be responsible for their past and present actions;Thirdly,global justice was not exclusive to national remedial responsibility,which regarded basic human rights as a baseline.Analyzing and grasping Miller's global justice has the important theoretical and practical significance.


Developing countries face an acute problem of economic growth. In situations of limited labor resources growth, the main factor of an increase in the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services is the intensification in labor productivity. Aggressive marketing claims that the digital transformation is the introduction of new breakthrough information and communication technologies automatically ensure the explosive growth of the economy [1]. However, it is wrong to assume that economic growth takes place on its own, without the participation of other factors. Integrated planning is about different actors working together to re-align individual strategies to produce a commonly-defined objectives. We hypothesize that breakthrough technologies open up new business opportunities, they can be considered a prerequisite for progress, but their introduction is not sufficient to increase business efficiency, because technology ensures success only in conjunction with serious changes in the company's activities. Integrated planning can improve coordination between diverse actors by harmonizing uncoordinated strategies to obtain concrete


A novel electrospinning set-up has been developed to successfully electrospin multiple jets with controlled fiber repulsion using a plastic filter. This set-up shows reduced fiber repulsion as compared to a multineedle set-up, along with increased throughput. The effect of processing parameters on the fiber repulsion in a multineedle set-up was also studied. It was found that fiber repulsion could be reduced by controlling emitter voltage and emitter/collector distance. Other important parameters studied included fiber distribution and throughput. It was found that the plastic filter set-up produced fibers with lower mean diameters and better uniformity. This novel plastic filter design for electrospinning provides increased electrospinning rates with better fiber uniformity.


PT . Madu Baru is company of agribusinesses, it produces of sugar and spirituous
the located in Yogyakarta. In this company many transactions such as purchases materials,
production costs, salaries of employees, sales and other transactions. Therefore, it needs a
applications to appropriate the process of accounting and financial report use a computer,
in order to get the data and information faster and right.
The processes of this research are collected the data used literature study and
interview. Base on result of interview, it will be compared with the result of literature
study to get the solutions of the problems in the company. The research methodology used
Waterfall. The design of information systems used are context diagrams and flow
diagrams.
The Application process transactions financial accounting, balance sheet and
income statement online, so that the company can access information in other place, to
support this research, this application used the PHP programming language , MySQL
database, and other support. This application to help the company in recording
transactions, provide the reports required by the company and can assist a company make
decision.
Keyword: Accounting Application, Manufacturing Companies, PHP, Database, Online


The paper describes the structural characteristics of new type On-line Roll Grinder (ORG) designed, and modalities of key spares and parts are analyzed. And based on the virtual prototype constructed, the grinding-wheel distortion under the different pressure is analyzed with the help of dynamical analytics. After the computer's simulation analysis, it is showed that, new type ORG is effectively able to avoid the resonance between the grinding-wheel and the roller, and largely enhances the grinding precision of a roller.


The development of the notion of sustainable development is a dynamic phenomenon (Egelston, 2006), and its description has been evolving over time. Although there are different approaches and definitions for sustainable development, the commonly used one is the definition declared in Brundtland Commission Report, Our Common Future (1987), "...development that meets the need of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (p.43). In order to elucidate the key elements of sustainable development, 18 principles were declared in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as Rio Declaration (UNCED, 1992). These principles explicated the components of sustainability as environmental, social and economic. However, the debate and Abstract


The given article is dedicated to a technique of research to a problem of implementation of a comprehensive approach to analysis of the main physical properties of a urban near-land aerosol on an example Barnaul. The purpose of the conducted researches is of monitoring of a condition of a urban aerosol, since 1991 till now.


1. Primary care in context. 2. The organizational development of primary care. 3. Nursing: responding to the primary care led NHS. 4. Promoting interpersonal collaboration: the multidisciplinary face of primary health care. 5. Pharmacy and primary health care. 6. Primary mental health care. 7. Service innovations at the primary-secondary interface: the example of hospital at home. 8. Primary care information technology. 9. The patient perspective. 10. Education for the new NHS. 11. The way forward.


The percentages of residents who died at home were compared between the Ibi-Motosu and Hida regions located far-off in the north and west of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, respectively. Residents aged 85 and over, or those who died of senility without mention of psychosis, showed a higher proportion of death at home in both regions. Among those who died at less than 75 years, or those who died of heart diseases, a greater percentage of residents were found to have died suddenly; sudden death raised the proportion of death at home. Influences of external causes of death on the proportion of death at home were minimal. Comparison among the percentages of death at home and relating factors of 30 municipalities in two regions clarified that the percentages correlated positively with death rates by heart diseases and senility without mention of psychosis, and average number of household members. The proportion of those dying at home aged 65 or more showed a tendency to be higher in the Ibi-Motosu region than in the Hi a region. It was suggested that the differences of the proportion of death at home of elderly people between the two regions were caused chiefly by a lower ratio of hospital beds per 100000 populaiton and a higher number of household members in the Ibi-Motosu region compared to the Hida region.


Community Based Tourism (CBT) is determined by the role of the community including women. Women have the right, potential and also a very large role in CBT activities. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the role of women in tourism activities in developing CBT in Oben Village, Kupang Regency. This research used a qualitative descriptive analysis research method. Research subjects and objects are people in Oben Village, especially women. In this research women are key informants. Researchers will meet directly with the community in Oben Village to collect information, conduct socialization, and the final stage is to evaluate whether Women's Empowerment in developing CBT in Oben Village has been running according to the directed standards. The purpose of this research is to provide information and understanding of the importance of the role of women in the development of tourism villages. Keywords—role of women, CBT


A common method to measure radon exhalation rates relies on the accumulation chamber technique. Usually, this approach only considers one-dimensional gas transport within the soil that neglects lateral di ff usion. However, this lateral transport could reduce the reliability of the method. In this work, several cylindrical-shaped accumulation chambers were built with di ff erent heights to test if the insertion depth of the chamber into the soil improves the reliability of the method and, in that case, if it could limit the radon lateral di ff usion e ff ects. To check this hypothesis in laboratory, two reference exhalation boxes were manufactured using phospho-gypsum from a repository located nearby the city of Huelva, in the southwest of Spain. Laboratory experiments showed that insertion depth had a deep impact in reducing the e ff ective decay constant of the system, extending the interval where the linear fi tting can be applied, and consistently obtaining reliable exhalation measurements once a minimum insertion depth is employed. Field experiments carried out in the phosphogypsum repository showed that increasing the insertion depth could reduce the in fl uence of external e ff ects, increasing the re-peatability of the method. These experiments provided a method to obtain consistent radon exhalation measurements over the phosphogypsum repository.


Fauske, Maria Fleischer; Hoff, Erlend Oby.
From F-16 to F-35 - Optimizing the Training of Pilots in the Royal Norwegian Air Force. Interfaces 2016 ;Volum 46.(4) s. 326-333


OBJECTIVES: to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding research ethics and its association with previous research exposure and academic qualification among food and nutrition graduate students of Pakistan.METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from April-May 2016. A structured-questionnaire was e-mailed to food and nutrition students from different cities of Pakistan. The questionnaire had four parts; demography, prior exposure to research, knowledge and attitude regarding research ethics. Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact test were applied to assess association and data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPPS) version 20.RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 28.964 +7.985 years (range 21-59). A total of 280/400 (70%) respondents completed the questionnaire. Majority (91.1 %) of the participants was females and 60% had completed post-graduate education. About 96.4% participants reported prior involvement in research but only 21.4% had international publications. More than 80% of the respondents stated that they had knowledge about key concepts of research ethics but only 41.1% knew about Nuremberg Code and 42.9% about Helsinki Declaration. Scenario-based statements assessing attitudes had mixed results. Previous exposure to research, training in research ethics, international publications, application to research ethics committee (REC), and being a post-graduate was associated with knowledge of ethical principles (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Self-reported knowledge was good but students lacked correct attitude. Post-graduate students and those with research experience had better knowledge regarding research ethics.KEY WORDS: Knowledge (MeSH); Attitude (MeSH); Research (MeSH); Ethics (MeSH); Students (MeSH); Ethics Committees, Research (MeSH); Codes of Ethics (MeSH); Helsinki Declaration (MeSH).


Brother of slain Farmersville man to join President Trump at State of the Union Feb. 04, 2020: Jody is the brother of Rocky Jones who was shot to ...


Objective:To investigate the clinical factors influencing the prognosis of lying-in women with postpartum haemorrhage transferred to the third class hospital.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made to study the prognosis of 88 lying-in women with postpartum haemorrhage transferred from primary and secondary hospitals.The investigation factors included the age of the patients,gravidity parity,the mode of delivery,the cause of haemorrhage,the state of registration and the treatment before and after enrollment.Results:5 patients died.The logistic analyses showed that influential factors of prognosis included prolonged coagulation(B=2.659,OR=14.286) and the proper treatment before transfer(B=-9.700,OR= 6.131×10~(-5)).Conclusion:The prognosis of lying-in women with postpartum haemorrhage transferred from primary and secondary hospitals could be improved significantly by the proper treatment to the cause of haemorrhage before transfer.


During mitosis, gene transcription stops, and the bulk of DNA‐binding proteins are excluded from condensed chromosomes. While most gene‐specific transcription factors are largely evicted from mitotic chromosomes, a subset remains bound to specific and non‐specific DNA sites. Here, we review the current knowledge on the mechanisms leading to the retention of a subset of transcription factors on mitotic chromosomes and discuss the implications in gene expression regulation and their potential as an epigenetic mechanism controlling stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation.


The article analyzes using the normative and systematic methods, as well as analysis and synthesis, judicial authority, its place on the role in system of checks and balances including the content of theoretical law researches of institute of this power in the works of legal scholars.
According to the authors of the article came to the conclusion judicial authority is one of varieties of state power and is exercised only by court in person of judges, as well as jurors involved in prescribed manner, and no other bodies and persons have the right to assume exercise of its powers, justice is exercised regardless of legislative and executive power, it is carried out through constitutional, civil, administrative, criminal and other forms of legal proceedings.
The article concludes judiciary should be recognized as sphere of authority assigned to specialized state bodies – by court to resolve disputes within competence of relevant authorities arise when they apply the law.
From the point of view of the authors "vocation" of judiciary is to protect the rights, the legal foundations of public and social life from violations, regardless of who committed them. Justice in state governed by the rule of law can only be exercised by judiciary, and no one has the right to appropriate magisterial functions. When exercising their powers, judicial authority is guided exclusively by law and does not depend on any influence of representative or executive power, and very legality and independence of justice are recognized as the most important guarantees of human rights and freedoms.


The design of high performance communication systems often requires channel state information. For many applications, especially in wireless communications, such information must be obtained adaptively. In this article, a parametric model of the transmission of linearly modulated signals over a band-limited channel is presented. Also included is an overview of various parameter estimation techniques and performance bounds of estimators under different model assumptions.

Keywords:

channel models;
channel estimation and equalization;
blind and semiblind estimation;
maximum-likelihood estimation;
Cramer-Rao bound


The reason of the invalidity of titanium condensers used in Yangzi Petrochemical Co.Ltd. was analyzed by experiment and calculation. It was concluded that the fluid induced vibration in the tube bundle resulted in the fatigue damage of titanium tubes in condensers. Structure adjustments to reduce vibration were presented to the design of the titanium condensers. Also the critical manufacturing techno logy was studied by tests and analysis.


Language acquisition is a remarkable and crucial aspect of human evolution because it is a means of communication. One of the main problems in which language is implicated is when speakers of different languages communicate. A possible solution for speakers of different languages is to learn the other's language or to employ a translator. Contrastive analysis is the study and comparison of two different languages, such as English with Arabic. It compares the structural similarities and differences between the two languages. In this regard, it is utilized to compare the Thematic and Information Structures in English and Arabic, which is the most common focus of this study. This article aimed to examine the theme and Information structures of English and Arabic from contrastive analysis perspectives. Multiple sentences from daily language are included in the analysis, which is based on Halliday's practical theme-rheme paradigm applied to conversational English and Arabic clauses. The researcher, an ESL instructor, used a descriptive-analytical technique to critically assess the similarities and differences in the structural aspects of themes and rheme in English and Arabic to help ESL students be well prepared for the translation job after graduation and now while learning at the college. While Arabic and English clauses are distinct, they can express the same concepts in dramatically more diverse ways, according to the findings of this study. This study also revealed the alignment of themes could alter across various ESL learners' understanding. Personal experience or ability, among other factors, can impact topical subjects, regardless of whether they are written or spoken. Because the two systems are so dissimilar, it is critical to understand the linguistic differences between English and Arabic to help recognize the difference in meaning between them.


Malaysia is rich in coral reef ecosystem. The country has 9,323 km of coastline and 3,600km2 of coral reef area. The coral reefs in the marine waters are the important habitats for fish species and destinations of tourists. This sector contributes benefits to the economy and livelihoods of many resource dependent households. The government has established Marine Parks to protect these coral reefs with a goal to conserve the habitats and to protect marine environment and valuable resources. However, fishing is not allowed in the marine protected areas (MPA) confined within two nautical miles from the shore. The marine habitats have been declined considerably over the years due to the use of destructive fishing gears, tourist activities and infrastructural development. The objective of this paper is to explore the importance of marine protected area through a community survey. The survey was conducted in Perhentian Island, east coast of Peninsular Malaysia to obtain opinions of the local people about the resource damage activities and preferences about community programmes. The results of this study are derived from a quota sample of 130 households who were interviewed with structured questionnaire and through informal discussions with various groups. The results showed that there were no major variations in the preference ranking among the various group of respondents. The findings of the study provide useful inputs for the policy makers for the planning and management of marine protected areas in Malaysia.


The reuse of past coefficient vectors of the NLMS for reducing the steady-state MSD in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was proposed recently. Its convergence analysis has not been studied yet, so we first derive a steady-state analysis for the NLMS with reusing coefficient vectors for a special case. In addition, this approach slows down the convergence speed while decreasing the steady-state MSD in proportion to the number of reusing coefficient vectors. To address this trade-off, we propose a novel NLMS algorithm which can change the reusing order to achieve both fast convergence speed and low steady-state MSD. The reusing order is decreased or increased by comparing the squared output error with a threshold. The experimental results show that the theoretical results match well with simulation results and the proposed algorithm has fast convergence speed and small steady-state MSD compared to the conventional NLMS.


This study compared the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid( GABA) and amino acids in the brown rice of 3 kinds of giant-embryo rice and their parent. The results were shown as follows:( 1) The GABA content in the bred giant-embryo rice was about four times more than that in conventional non-giant-embryo rice,and was also higher than that in its giant-embryo parent.( 2) In comparison with the conventional non-giant-embryo rice,the contents of most amino acids in the brown rice of giant-embryo rice increased in varying degrees,and the average increasing rate of lysine,total essential amino acid and total amino acid content was 51. 85%,26. 24% and 23. 75% respectively. But significant difference in amino acid content between the bred giant-embryo rice and its giant-embryo parent was not detected.


The arithmetic AN codes are useful for detecting and correcting errors that arise in arithmetic operations. When an arithmetic AN code is closed under the cyclic shift, it is called a cyclic AN code. A theoretical approach to ternary cyclic AN codes for burst error correction is presented. The ternary cyclic AN codes and burst errors are described, and the burst error correctability and a decoding method are provided.<<ETX>>


2 1. Introduction and Problem Definition In todays' business environment, supply chains consist of several members each of whom has several different located places. Each day, new demand requests come to the firms and the downstream members demand those from their upstream members toward the manufacturer(s). Therefore it is crucial to apply the minimum costly production plan in order to reach a better-positioned supply chain and have a better service level.


As a leader of ethnomusicology in Japan in 20th century, Tanabe Hisao had been active in the forefront of the field since Meiji period to the post war. The article focused on the TOYO music as a research object been expressed by Tanabe Hisao in his writings during 1920s to 1960s, intended to interpretation of the essence of his concept of TOYO music, and furthermore to explored the origin that the modern Japanese with regarded to knowledge of Asian music.


A modified secondary electron monitor was developed for monltoring electron beams. An Al window is utilized as the emitter of secondary electrons, and only one extra Al foil needs to be inserted in the beam path. The monltor was found to have an output proportional to the primary beam current up to 12O mu a and almost independent of the beam energy in the 1.0 to 1.7 Mev range. A qualitative explanation of the energy independence of the monitor output is given. (D.L.C.)


As there are error judgments of float type in the traditional method based on image processing, it is hard to determine the woven fabric pattern from the recognition results. To solve this problem, fuzzy C‐means (FCM) algorithm was selected to classify the floats into two groups in the experiment, and BP neural network is chosen to recognize woven fabric pattern. White–black co‐occurrence matrix is used to extract its texture features. The texture and structure features of the normal fabrics extracted from the classification are input into the neural network to complete the learning process. During the recognition process, the texture features of the fabric are extracted from the classification results with white–black co‐occurrence matrix. The structure features are extracted simultaneously. These features are then input into BP neural network and woven fabric pattern would be output from the neural network. The experiment on actual fabrics proves that the method proposed in this study has fault tolerant ability, and it can recognize fabric patterns correctly.


The purpose of this study is to incorporate accurate muscle morphology in a computational 3‐D tongue model based on anatomical literature and MRI data. Previous work [C.‐M. Wu and R. Wilhelms‐Tricarico, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100, 2659(A) (1996)] defined several landmarks within the 3‐D space of the tongue tissue and developed a computational method to map Miyawaki's drawing of muscle fiber directions [K. Miyawaki, Ann. Bul. RILP, Univ. Tokyo 8, 23–50 (1974)] onto the cross‐sectional tongue images from the visible human data. In this study, the same technique is applied to identify a set of corresponding landmarks between Miyawaki's data and MRI scans of a subject's tongue forming a consistent articulatory posture. The geometrical mapping of these two data sets is achieved by the thin‐plate spline mapping method. The result shows the sufficiency and robustness of the chosen landmark points to represent a general 3‐D structure of the human tongue. This study is expected to provide a computational basis for quantitative comparison of MRI data across subjects and vowel types.


Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are systems that contain digital embedded devices while depending on environmental influences or external configurations. Identifying relevant influences of a CPS as well as modeling dependencies on external influences is difficult. We propose to learn these dependencies with decision trees in combination with clustering. The approach allows to automatically identify relevant influences and receive a data-related explanation of system behavior involving the system's use-case. Our paper presents a case study of our method for a Real-Time Localization System (RTLS) proving the usefulness of our approach, and discusses further applications of a learned decision tree.


The search for new materials for pyroelectric infrared sensors and ultrasonic transducers has led to the design of ferroelectric composites [1–4]. Recent studies on pyroelectric-polymer composites do show their usefulness in large area, light weight, high strength and flexible infrared sensing devices [2, 3]. Among available materials, deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS) shows highest pyroelectric performance [5]. The current work describes the fabrication of DTGS:PVDF composites with varying DTGS particle size powders and composition embedded in poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix which is also an important pyroelectric polymer. In this communication we report the results of investigation of the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of new composites. Using these properties, applicable materials figures of merit are calculated for their use in infrared detecting devices, and are also compared with investigated pyroelectric composites. The results are encouraging for their use as infrared sensors.


Proteorhodopsins (PR) are phylogenetically widespread and highly expressed proton pumps in marine bacterial communities, including in the SAR11 clade, one of the most common clades in the oceans. The relationships between PR expression, light and cell activity remain un clear, especially in natural environments. We examined these relationships during 3 diurnal studies in spring, summer and fall in Delaware coastal waters. The abundance of genes and transcripts of SAR11 PR, SAR11 16S rRNA and total bacterial 16S rRNA were monitored using a quantitative PCR approach. We found that the expression of SAR11 PR was 2.5-fold higher during the day than at night. However, SAR11 16S rRNA levels remained constant during the day and night on all cruises, suggesting that the growth-related activity of SAR11 was not directly affected by sunlight. There was a tight correlation between expression of PR in SAR11 and photosynthetically active radiation, but not with other environmental parameters. Our data support the hypothesis that light affects PR expression by SAR11 populations, but the energy from PR appears to contribute relatively little to supporting bacterial growth-related activity in marine waters.


This paper provides a brief but critical review of current thinking and debate about research ethics in criminology; it falls into two parts. The first part of the paper describes the sorts of ethical issues that tend to be flagged up in 'textbook' accounts of ethics in criminological research; some recent efforts to devise codes of ethics for researchers in criminology; and developments in what might be termed the 'ethical policing' of social research. The second part briefly sketches some deeper issues to do with the ethics of research with 'deviant subjects'. It suggests, in particular, that the ethical issues faced by criminological researchers cannot be 'read off' from a medical model of research. This, however, is not due simply to the greater use of qualitative methods of research in criminology. Rather, it is due to the distinctive political and ethical terrain occupied by criminology, which is significantly different to that occupied by medical research.


The background of this thesis is algorithmic differentiati on (AD) [GW08] of in practice very computationally expensive vector functions F : R ⊇ D → R given as computer programs. Traditionally, most AD software1 provide forward and reverse modes of AD for calculating the J acobian matrix∇F (x) accurately at a given point x on some kind of internal representation of F kept on memory or hard disk. In fact, the storage is known to be the bottleneck of AD to hand le larger problems efficiently in reverse mode. For instance, a tape is the internal representation of choice in the C++ operator overloading tool ADOL-C [GJM99] that presents an augmented version of F. Thus,∇F can be obtained in forward and reverse fashion by an interpretative forward and revers p opagation of directional derivatives and adjoints [NMRC07] through the tape, respectively. The forw ard mode AD can be implemented very cheaply in terms of memory by single forward propagation of d irectional derivatives at runtime (tapeless in ADOL-C terminology). However, the reverse mode needs to s tore some data [HNP05] in the so-called forward sweep to allow the data flow reversal [Nau08] needed f or backward propagation of adjoints. The latter is recently the focus of ongoing research activities of the AD community form = 1 as a single application of reverse mode is enough to accumulate the grad ient of F. To handle the memory bottleneck, checkpointing schedules e.g. revolve [GW00] have bee n d veloped for time-dependent problems. However, they require user's knowledge in both the function F as well as the reverse mode AD. In this context, we aim to provide a tool, which minimizes non-AD experts effortin application of the reverse mode AD on their problems for large dimensions. Chapter 2 of this thesis is concerned with the accumulation o f the Jacobian of F by the application of elimination techniques, which are very close to the Gauss i n elimination performed in sparse LU factorization [PT08, FTPR04]. Thereby, we present algorit hms that allow the application of elimination techniques [GN02] to the very large and sparse extended Jaco bian fF being a lower triangular matrix of local partial derivative. However, the extended Jacobian is of quadratic memory comp lexity. Hence, compressed row storage [DER86] (CRS) representation is use d to xploit its sparsity. This is done by first performing the so-called symbolic elimination step on the corresponding bit patternof the extended Jacobian. This step predicts storage required for the stati cally allocated target CRS, which is used to accumulate the Jacobian of F atx. Nonetheless, the capability of the static CRS is also bounde d by the memory consumption of the respective bit pattern even though the memory usage of CRS is co nsiderably lower. To tackle this problem, elimination techniques are applied locally to the dense ext nded Jacobian (i.e without exploiting sparsity) and its CRS representation. Therefore, we keep track of the m emory usage during the evaluation of F and apply elimination techniques whenever the memory bound is reached. The elimination is supposed to free memory enabling us to continue evaluating F. In fact, the evaluation of ∇F may require multiple evaluation and elimination steps. The former is supposed to provide the target data structure on which the latter is performed. We refer to this approach as iterative Jacobian accumulation . The implementations of the ideas above are provided in the C+ + operator overloading tool DALG 2 1Existing AD tools can be found on the community website www.autodiff.org. 2DALG stands for Derivative Accumulation for Large Graphs.


The antibacterial activity of the extract from Psidium guaijava L.against common bacteria was studied by disk difusion method.The extract from Psidium guaijava L.was shown to have fairly strong antibacterial effects.In addition,8 known compounds(procatechuic acid,ferulic acid,caffeic acid,quercetin,rutin,gallic acid,chlorogenic acid,and kaempferol) were identified in the guava leaf extract by RP-HPLC analysis.


Organically modified clay was used as reinforcement for HDPE using maleated polyethylene (PEMA) as a compatibilizer. The effect of compatibilizer concentration on the orientation of various structural features in the polymer-layered silicate nanocomposite (PLSN) system was studied using two-dimensional (2D) small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and 2D wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The dispersion (repeat period) and three-dimensional (3D) orientations of six different structural features were easily identified: (a) clay clusters/tactoids (0.12 mm), (b) modified clay (002) (24–31 Å), (c) unmodified clay (002) (13 Å), (d) clay (110) and (020) planes normal to (b) and (c), (e) polymer crystalline lamellae (001) (190–260 Å), and (f) polymer unit cell (110) and (200) planes. A 3D study of the relative orientation of this hierarchical morphology was carried out by measuring three scattering projections for each sample. Quantitative data on the orientation of these structural units in the nanocomposite film is determined through calculation of the major axis direction cosines and through a ternary, direction-cosine plot. Surprisingly, it is the unmodified clay which shows the most intimate relationship with the polymer crystalline lamellae in terms of orientation. Association between clay and polymer lamellae may be related to an observed increase in lamellar thickness in the composite films. Orientation relationships also reveal that the modified clay is associated with large-scale tactoid structures. q 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Introduction Clinical incident (CI) management within healthcare settings is a crucial component of patient safety and quality improvement. The complex environment in the emergency department (ED) and nursing work schedules are important aspects of human factor ergonomic (HFE) systems that requires closer examination. Nursing shifts are closely related to fatigue, including the late/early shift pattern and night shift. All nursing shifts were examined over a 1-year period when a CI occurred to a patient in the ED to identify if there was an association. Methods This was a retrospective observational study, conducted and reported using the Strengthening of the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. All CIs reported in the ED over a 1-year period were reviewed by accessing the CI database, emergency department information system and patient health records. The nursing roster database was accessed to record nursing shifts and were de-identified. Results A total of n=244 CIs were eligible for inclusion into the study. ED nursing shift analysis included n=1095 nursing shifts. An analysis of early, late and night shifts, including days not worked by the ED nurse was conducted over a 48-hour and 96-hour period. There was no significant relationship identified between the CI and nursing shift patterns. ED length of stay (LOS) was significantly higher for a patient presentation when a CI occurred. Conclusion This study focused on the HFE system of nursing work schedules and CI events that occurred in the ED. This study found there was no relationship between emergency nursing shift patterns and an increased risk for the occurrence of a CI in the ED. Although a strong link was found between patients experiencing a CI in the ED and an extended LOS. This demonstrates the need for studies to investigate the interrelationships of multiple HFE systems in the ED, including the environment, patient, clinical team and organisational factors.


Abstract Remediation of the heavy organic deposits in the course of petroleum production has been a costly process and it has hampered the production activites in many parts of the world. Precipitation of asphaltene in wells and reservoirs has deterimental effects on the economics of oil production as it reduces well production. On the other hand, using the knowledge of exact intermolecular intractions between molecules and the development of accurate nanoscale phase separations/transition models, it will be possible to increase our fundamental undestanding of organic nanostructures. The basics of quantum mechanics and statistical thermodynamics are used to predict the potential energy and intermolecular forces of asphaltene molecules. The functional forms for potential energy and intermolecular force are evaluted. Calculated data are graphically compared with proposed models. A dimensionless intermolecular potential energy function and forces are also proposed. A set of real data is used to check the validity of the calculated results. A well achieved agreement between one of the proposed models and the calculated data is promising.


The invention relates to a dispensing nozzle (1) CURRENT (S) precursor gas or gas mixture PRECURSOR ON THE SURFACE OF A GLAZIERS SUSTRATO (29 MOTION, GAS SUITABLE (TO BE IN CONTACT WITH THIS ONE REVESTIMENTO BY REACTION TYPE pyrolysis / decomposition. IS EQUIPPED WITH A feed system (15) comprising a gas supply CALL HOME BODY NOSE AND USING A MEANS OF BROUGHT GAS cOMMON FOR EACH OF THE CURRENT TO GENERATE. THE POWER SUPPLY (15) further comprises a gas supply CALL AUXILIARY, autonomous from the MAIN POWER AND INTENDED TO AMEND LOCALLY CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FLOWS GENERATED BY THE POWER CALL HOME.


The invention relates to a lithium manganese cell, which comprises an anode, electrolyte and a cathode, wherein the anode is formed by components (mass percentage) which are 94-98.4% lithium manganese, 1-2% alkaline matters, 0.5-2% LiF or LiOH and 0.1-2% nanometer carbon fiber, and the electrolyte salt of the electrolyte is formed by 70-99% LiPF6 and 1-30% LiBOB. Since alkaline matters such as LiOH, MgO, CaO and Li2CO3 are added in lithium manganese, and LiBOB is added in electrolyte to be electrolytes, which not only can effectively lower the content of HF in electrolyte, reduce the dissolution of lithium manganese, improve the gram capacity of LiMn2O4 and the energy density of the lithium manganese cell, but also can inhibit the reaction of LiMn2O4 and HF, keep excellent spinel structure of LiMn2O4, thereby improving the cycle performance of the lithium manganese cell. The invention has low production cost, which can effectively improve the cycle performance, the energy density and the gram capacity of the lithium manganese cell, can achieve industrial production, and can totally replace the existing lithium manganese cells.


Reconfigurable modular robots, which can actively assemble and disassemble on command, offer the possibility of mesoscale (milliscale and microscale) manufacturing with robustness and controllability. In this study, we present a design of a scalable modular subunit with embedded permanent magnets in a 3-D printed cubic body. The subunit can be wirelessly controlled by an external uniform magnetic field. We also present controlled assembly–disassembly techniques for these subunits. Our modular robotic platform is highly reconfigurable and can create programmable, predetermined patterns based on open-loop control. The 2-D motion planner computes all reachable polyomino shapes from an arbitrary initial configuration and provides the shortest movement sequences to form each shape. Experimental results match computational modeling, demonstrating robust and reproducible behavior of the modular robotic platform that is promising for mesoscale manufacturing applications. Two cube sizes were tested: 10-mm edge lengths and 2.8-mm edge lengths.


Abstract This study uses an innovative research tool to evaluate the hypothesis of a consumer–environment interaction. A new computer graphics methodology keeps track of the time spent and the number of purchases made during shopping, together with several other behavioural measures. A laboratory experiment uncovered an interaction effect in dwell time and number of purchases between the type of shopping trip (fill-in trip vs. major trip) and the consumers' layout preference. Shoppers taking major trips were more prone to shop in a free-form layout, whereas those taking fill-in trips tended to prefer a grid layout. The article discusses implications for research and practice, identifying areas for future research.


Introduction: Despite the technological advances in health care, routine analgesic procedures in postoperative pain control remain inadequate and require complementary therapies and interventions. Reflexology is one of the most popular forms of alternative and complementary therapy which its effectiveness has not been clearly demonstrated. So with respect to high rate of cesarean in Iran and the importance of pain relief after cesarean section and improving mobility, reducing the risk of thromboembolic events and having more ability to take care of newborn in first hours of birth, this study was performed to determine effect of foot reflexology on pain and anxiety in women after elective cesarean section. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 61 women who were planning to have a cesarean delivery in pastor hospital of Mashhad in 2011. Samples were randomly divided into foot reflexology group and routine cares group with simple sampling method. The case group received routine cares and foot reflexology for 10 minutes in each foot; whereas the control group received only routine cares. Post operative pain and anxiety were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 and statistical tests such as, T test, paired t-test, Man-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher exact tests were done and pResults: There was no statistically significant difference in pain intensity before intervention between two groups by using t-test (p=0.814), but after intervention, the difference was significant by Man-Whitney test (p=0.004). There was not statistically significant difference between two groups regarding postoperative anxiety score (p=0.215). Conclusion: Foot reflexology proved useful as an effective nursing intervention in controlling post cesarean pain.


The art of sending remittances overlaps with migration, technological innovation and marketing – three of globalization's driving forces. All things being equal, the role of innovation with regard to remittances is to reduce transaction costs in making these transfers. Yet, other aspects of the marketing mix come into play apart from the price of sending remittances such as product user-friendliness, the location of senders and beneficiaries, and the promotion of these technologies. In this article, I assess the state of the remittance art in terms of meeting the needs of remittance senders and beneficiaries and future directions that this domain may take due to further diffusion of innovations. Remittance technologies represent a promising direction in which cutting edge technology is harnessed to focus on developing world concerns. By enlisting the talents of the world's foremost product and service designers, private sector initiatives such as these can play a role in helping ease poverty's penalties.


The Large Hadron Collider has entered a new era in Run 2, with centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and instantaneous luminosity reaching $\mathcal{L}_\textrm{inst} = 1.4\times$10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ for pp collisions. In order to cope with those harsher conditions, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations have improved their online selection infrastructure to keep a high efficiency for important physics processes - like W, Z and Higgs bosons in their leptonic and diphoton modes - whilst keeping the size of data stream compatible with the bandwidth and disk resources available. In this note, we describe some of the trigger improvements implemented for Run 2, including algorithms for selection of electrons, photons, muons and hadronic final states.


Presentation of Case First admission. A 29-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of palatal ulceration. The patient was a native and resident of South America and a medical student. He was well until four months earlier, when a whitish lesion developed on the right side of the soft palate. A physician prescribed penicillin, without benefit. Cultures of the lesion yielded Klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococci. Tetracycline was substituted, but the lesion enlarged. One month before admission microscopical examination of a biopsy specimen of the lesion showed nonspecific inflammation. A second biopsy specimen was considered suggestive of leishmaniasis by one . . .


Objective To investigate the effect of standardized nursing intervention on airway inflammatory reaction evaluation by testing fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide in asthma patients.Methods 62 asthma patients were randomly divided into the intervention group(32 cases)and the control group (30 cases).Two groups were performed FENO determination before and after the treatment.The control group was given routine method for determination,the intervention group was given nursing intervention on the basis of conventional methods.The comfortable situation,satisfaction degree,treatment efficacy were determined between the two groups.Results The comfortable situation,satisfaction degree,treatment efficacy of the intervention group were better than those of the control group.Conclusions Standardized nursing intervention can eliminate the adverse interference in the FENO determination and improve the accuracy of the determination.It can also improve the clinical symptoms of patients with asthma and relieve airway inflammation.This method deserves to be recommended.

Key words:
Nursing intervention;  FENO determination;  Asthma


We propose a robust object tracking algorithm under "tracking by detection" framework. A sparse random Gaussian-distributed measurement matrix is used to build an object appearance model in the compressed domain, and detection is done by our semi-supervised learning process. Our method trains a group of weaker classifiers corresponding to every feature, and linearly combines them using the weights computed by its discriminative power to build a strong classification function, which detects a target from background. Kalman filtering is also adopted to smoothen the tracking results. Experiments show the proposed classification improves performance in tracking without drift.


The aim of this work to discover the physical mechanisms of laminar-turbulent transition behind the localized roughness element on the leading edge of the swept wing. The combination of hot-wire measurements and liquid crystal thermography the properties of 3-d boundary layer were researched. Localized roughness element excited a pair of counterrotating vortices, which destabilized the boundary layer to high-frequency disturbances. Technique of determination of position of maximal receptivity to the roughness elements based on liquid-crystal thermography was proposed. A sharp increase of phase velocity of secondary disturbances during the transition from linear to nonlinear regime was observed. The effect of excitation of additional longitudinal structures by high amplitude acoustics (80 dBA) through the mechanism of nonlinear secondary disturbances development was revealed.


The IRicon is an IR-sensitive photoconductive TV camera tube. Recently declassified, it was developed for the military to whom many tubes were supplied in direct-readout or return-beam form with magnetic or electrostatic focus and deflection. Passive imaging of low-temperature objects such as humans or vehicles was observed with a normal TV speed of response. Resolution varied from about 100 TV lines at very low radiation levels to about 500 at higher levels. Scene temperatures denoting less than 1° C from ambient have been detected using f/1.2 optics.


Looking for competent reading resources? We have the sweetness at the bottom of the pie a flavia de luce mystery book 1 to review, not just review, but also download them and even check out online. Discover this wonderful publication writtern by now, just right here, yeah just right here. Get the reports in the types of txt, zip, kindle, word, ppt, pdf, and rar. Once more, never ever miss out on to review online and download this publication in our site below. Click the link. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS THE SWEETNESS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PIE A FLAVIA DE LUCE MYSTERY BOOK 1, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.


COIMBRA, F.C.T. Complete Denture Cleansers: antimicrobial action of alkaline peroxide against specific microorganisms. Ribeirao Preto, 2014. 82p. Dissertation (Master's Degree in Oral Rehabilitation). Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.


In France as well as in North America or other countries ofWestern Europe, the share ofmigrating Europeans has become negligible, while the number of migrating Third World citizens has greatly increased. France faces an Africanization and Islamization as the demographic and economic gaps between the two banks of the Mediterranean Sea widen and people move to the North. This shift has a very peculiar meaning for France, which is the leading Mediterranean power and has a particular connection with Africa. Francewas the firstWestern powerwith a strongMuslim dimension (through Algeria, whichwas a French département), and is now by far the most Africaoriented among the member countries ofthe European Community (EC), due to its colonial past in northern and western Africa. After the first oil shock, domestic economic pressures led several members of the European Community to seek a reduction in the number of resident foreign migrant workers. Financial incentives offered to foreign workers in exchange for their return to their home countries did not prove effective. Efforts to reduce the entry ofnew foreign workers were also for the most part unsuccessful, and immigration continued unabated throughout the 1 980s. Thus, the lastdecade sawan increasingAfricanization and Islamization of a growing number ofWest European countries. Among the countries separated by the Mediterranean Sea, a widening imbalance is now apparent; this gap can be viewed from several perspectives—demographic, economic, cultural, and even political. The GulfWar was a culminating point in a process of mounting contradiction between the West and neighboring Muslim peoples. For many urban unemployed youth of the South, who represent a large portion ofme frustrated masses, the defeat of Iraq was a humiliation which warrants some sort of revenge against the


The literature speaks of a 'deluge' of scientific and research data and the importance of capturing and managing it for use beyond its original creating community, purpose, and time. Data value increases as it is interconnected, networked, shared, used, and re-used. This paper extends the conversation about data sharing to 'wild data': that is, data generated and held outside of 'academic' or 'professional' science, as in the case of environmental voluntary groups (EVGs). Currently, important data generated by these groups are likely to be inaccessible to the academic community, or any community or body outside those often-small EVGs. Although large quantities of data are often generated by EVGs, management of thesedata may be poor or non-existent; and quality control of data may be haphazard and spasmodic. This article reports on a pilot project which explored the data sought, generated, stored, and shared by members of EVGs. The project also investigated members' views about data management and sharing ...


Abstract-Optical data center network architectures are be- coming attractive because of their low energy consumption, large bandwidth, and low cabling complexity. In [1], an AWGR-based passive optical data center architecture (PODCA) is presented. Compared with other optical data center architectures, e.g., DOS [2], Proteus [3], and Petabit [4], PODCA can save up to 90% on power consumption and 88% in cost. Also, average latency can be low as 9 μs at close to 100% throughput. However, PODCA is not reconfigurable and cannot optimize the network topology to dynamic traffic. In this paper, we present a novel, scalable and flexible recon- figurable architecture called RODCA. RODCA is built on and augments PODCA with a flexible localized intra-cluster optical network. With the reconfigurable intra-cluster network, racks with mutually large traffic can be located within the same cluster, and share the large bandwidth of the intra-cluster network. We present an algorithm for DCN topology reconfiguration, and present simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of reconfiguration.


Background: We performed uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) in four patients to assess the safety and efficacy of bland embolization using DC Bead®. They were the first patients in the world who underwent UFE procedure by using DC Bead®.
Methods: Four patients with uterine fibroids were enrolled and super selective embolization with DC Bead® was performed in a Japanese clinical trial. Efficacy, success rate of embolization in the target vessel (embolic performance) and operability were evaluated. To evaluate the safety, adverse events and device deficiency occurring within 30 days after the embolization were collected.
Results: Patient's age range was 34 to 48 years old, Uterine fibroid size range was 40 to 108 mm (maximum length of diameter). Multiple tumors were found in all cases. DC Bead® size range was 100-300 μm to 500-700 μm. In the evaluation of embolic performance, three cases were completely embolized (100% disappearance of target vessel and staining on DSA) and one case was highly embolized (80% or more disappearance of target vessel, stained on DSA). In the evaluation of operability, all cases were evaluated as very easy to use. At 3,6,12 months after embolization, shrinkage in all uterine fibroids could be seen. The largest reduction rate was 59% in size (the mean was 43%). Post embolization syndrome was observed in all patients. However, the degree of these was mild or moderate (grade 1 or 2 of CTCAE version 4.0). There was no serious adverse event.
Conclusions: Uterine fibroid embolization using DC Bead® was safely and successfully performed. DC Bead® will be a useful embolic material for uterine fibroid embolization.


This study discusses the migration patterns of low-income women in the city of Banda Aceh after the December 26, 2004 tsunami and the factors that affected them. Primary and secondary data were used to determine the factors behind migration. Secondary data were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, the Population and Civil Registry Office of Banda Aceh City, Baitul Mal Banda Aceh. Primary data were obtained from respondents representing three sample districts, namely Syiah Kuala sub-district, Baiturrahman sub-district and KutaAlam sub-district. All of the respondents were women who made the transition to Banda Aceh after the tsunami and are now permanent residents of the city of Banda Aceh. About 60 women were interviewed using a pre-prepared questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed using descriptive analysis based on the Snowball sampling method and simple statistics. The results of the study describe the main reasons that women migrated to the city of Banda Aceh after the tsunami, with 64 percent considering employment and job opportunities, 49.1 migrated because of their husband demands, 72 sought better housing prospects, and 3.3 percent sought to avoid locations impacted by the tsunami. This research demonstrates the need for governmental policies regarding increasing employment opportunities for women so they do not become an economic burden to the city of Banda Aceh.


Abstract   Workplaces are high-risk environments for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent community transmission. Identifying, understanding, and implementing effective workplace SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control (IPC) measures is critical to protect workers, their families, and communities. A rapid review and meta-analysis were conducted to synthesize evidence assessing the effectiveness of COVID-19 IPC measures implemented in global workplace settings through April 2021. Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies that quantitatively assessed the effectiveness of workplace COVID-19 IPC measures. Included studies comprised varying empirical designs and occupational settings. Measures of interest included surveillance measures, outbreak investigations, personal protective equipment (PPE), changes in work arrangements, and worker education. Sixty-three studies from international healthcare, nursing home, meatpacking, manufacturing, and office settings were included, accounting for ∼280,000 employees. Meta-analyses showed that comprehensive measures (0.2% positivity; 95%CI 0-0.4%) were associated with lower post-intervention employee COVID-19 positivity estimates than single measures like asymptomatic PCR testing (1.7%; 95%CI 0.9-2.9%) and universal masking (24%; 95%CI 3.4-55.5%). Modelling studies showed that combinations of (i) timely and widespread contact tracing and case isolation, (ii) facilitating smaller worker cohorts, and (iii) effective use of PPE can reduce workplace transmission. Comprehensive COVID-19 IPC measures incorporating swift contact tracing and case isolation, PPE, and facility zoning, can effectively prevent workplace outbreaks. Masking alone should not be considered as sufficient protection from SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in workplace environments at high risk of virus transmission. Key messages Comprehensive contact tracing, syndromic surveillance, regular testing, PPE, and zoning measures can prevent COVID-19 outbreaks in the workplace. Masking alone should not be considered as sufficient protection from SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in workplace environments at high risk of virus transmission.


Let \(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A)\) denote the Cayley digraph of the semigroup \(S\) with respect to the set \(A\), where \(A\) is any subset of \(S\). The function \(f : \mathrm{Cay}(S,A) \to \mathrm{Cay}(S,A)\) is called an endomorphism of \(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A)\) if for each \((x,y) \in E(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A))\) implies \((f(x),f(y)) \in E(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A))\) as well, where \(E(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A))\) is an arc set of \(\mathrm{Cay}(S,A)\). We characterize the endomorphisms of Cayley digraphs of rectangular groups \(G\times L\times R\), where the connection sets are in the form of \(A=K\times P\times T\).


ABSTRACT Soxhlet and accelerated solvent extraction, using propanol as a solvent, and supercritical CO2 extraction methods presented statistically insignificant differences in the crude oil yield obtained from spent coffee grounds. Supercritical CO2 extraction method was selected to recover the oil. The optimal extraction condition for a high crude oil yield, low acid value, percentage of free fatty acids, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value, and high iodine and saponification values, was obtained simultaneously at 50°C, 200 bar and 2 h. Under this condition, the experimental data obtained, namely 12.14% oil yield, acid value 3.89 mg KOH/g oil, 2.11% free fatty acids, iodine value 90.70 g I2/g oil, saponification value 212.05 mg KOH/g oil, peroxide value 3.77 mEqO2/kg oil and TBARS value 0.76 mg malondialdehyde/kg oil, were reasonably close to the predicted values. Additionally, the oil from spent coffee grounds is a precious source of palmitic and linoleic acids.


In his recent work The Emotional Construction of Morals (2007), Jesse J. Prinz proposes a moral theory which implies moral relativism. Based on the idea of moral emotionism, he relativizes morality to an individual or a culture. Such relativization seems to obscure the difference between morality and local custom or convention. Yet, through close examination, it becomes clear that Prinz's relativistic morality has a distinctive feature and is not assimilated to convention. The main difference consists in that, while alternative patterns of behavior to convention are known, those to morals are not necessarily known. I will prove this by comparing Prinzian moral concepts with two different notions of convention, namely, David Lewis's notion of convention and Ruth Garrett Millikan's notion of "natural convention".


This paper models the interactions between the defense industry market structure and the defense needs of Israel, the USA and Western Europe, which produce several heterogeneous defense goods. The model specifies that the defense industries of the US and Europe are 'large' while that of Israel is 'small'. The US military aid to Israel is also an integral part of the model. The results show that net defense costs of Israel are minimal when the number of its defense firms is one. The model predicts that an increase in US military aid reduces Israel's government expenditure, its defense industry's profits and its net defense costs.


THE ARTICLE ANALYZES SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL VIEWS AND ADVANCED WORLD EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS, AS WELL AS RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS THAT SERVE TO SUBSTANTIATE ITS PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE.


—In Korea, specialized centers are designated for 10 strategic fields for the purpose of jointly utilizing supercomputer resources at the national level. Based on the "National Supercomputing Innovation Strategy," it plans to select 10 centers in three stages by 2030, and has now completed the designation of the first-stage specialized centers in 2022. With the second designation in 2024 ahead, it is urgent to review and improve the existing designation institution for fairer and more effective selection of specialized centers. Therefore, this paper analyzed the influence of evaluation items and the influence of evaluation items on evaluation results by using logistic regression analysis and network centrality analysis to prepare improvement plans for the existing evaluation model. As a result of the analysis, improvement measures were derived, such as subdividing evaluation items with low impact, expanding the items, and lowering the allotment of evaluation items with low impact.


Introduction: Zip injuries are the second most common cause of genital injuries in children. Several management techniques are reported. However these techniques are difficult and potentially dangerous, requiring general anaesthesia. "Rolling back" technique is an easy and safe method of extrication, without any mechanical device or anaesthesia. Objectives: To categorise zip injuries, to elucidate the principle behind the "Rolling back" technique, to educate the  clinicians on how to extricate zip injuries and to prevent zip injuries by educating their parents. Method: Simulative experiments were conducted by entrapping cloth in the zip and extrication by "Rolling back" technique. Children in the age group 1 to 18 years with zip injuries presenting to the outpatient department (OPD) or emergency room (ER) were studied for 3 years. "Rolling back" technique has two components. If the skin is entrapped while closing the zip, then extrication is to open the zip. If entrapment occurs while opening the zip, then the technique is to close the zip. Results: Of 35 cases, 34 (97.2%) were boys and one (2.8%) was a girl. Twenty eight (82.4%) boys were uncircumcised and 06 (17.6%) were circumcised. Twenty five (71.4%) had anterior entrapment and 10 (28.6%) had posterior entrapment. In both types, uncircumcised boys had higher risk of entrapment. All were successfully managed by the "Rolling back" technique. Conclusions: Of 35 zip injuries seen in this study 71% had anterior entrapment and 29% had posterior entrapment. All zip injuries were successfully managed by the "Rolling back" technique. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 2018; 47 (2): 149-154


Flow cytometry (FCM) is a mature tool for single-cell analysis,but conventional instruments for FCM are complex and expensive. Microfluidic chip flow cytometry based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) offers several advantages,such as low cost,high integration and small size. Moreover,this system allows more straightforward cell manipulation,more sophisticated cell analyses and better cell sorting. This review focuses on microfludic chip flow cytometry,including sample focusing,detection technology and sorting.


The initial stage of the proteolysis of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) by subtilisin results in the production of a modified RNase molecule whose enzymic activity is very similar to that of the native material." 2 The presence of this altered form of the enzyme (RNase-S) is easily demonstrated by its chromatographic behavior on the Amberlite resin IRC-50, on which it moves as a discrete peak clearly separated from and following the major component (RNase-A) of the native enzyme. The finding of two N-terminal amino acid residues and the separation of two peptides from the performic acid-oxidized material indicate that the single peptide chain of RNase-A has been cleaved at one bond and that the two parts remain associated in RNase-S. These original observations have now been confirmed and extended. Subtilisin appears to attack first the alanyl-seryl bond between residues Nos. 20 and 21, counting from the N-terminal end of the RNase-A chain. By careful treatment with trichloroacetic acid it has been possible to separate this N-terminal peptide (RNase-S-Pep) from the rest of the molecule (RNase-S-Prot). These fractions have only traces of residual enzymic activity. On mixing a solution of the trichloroacetic acid precipitate with an equivalent amount of the supernatant fluid, the full enzymic activity of the unfractionated material is regenerated.


HE KINETICS of sedimentation of particulate solids in liquid T m e d i a and the structural and rheological characteristics of the resulting sediments are of great importance to a broad segment of the chemicals processing and process metallurgical industries. Although sedimentation phenomena have been subjects of research for many decades, and much insight has been gained into the hydrodynamics of sedimentation processes, relatively little is yet known of the role of particleparticle attractive forces in settling and sediment consolidation. The object of this investigation, therefore, was to study the sedimentation behavior of aqueous suspensions of a solid (kaolin) whose surface characteristics are well enough understood to allow analysis and interpretation of sedimentation data in terms of particle-particle interactions. Most previous studies of settling rates have pertained to suspensions of dispersed, nonattracting particles, rather than to flocculated suspensions. In general, these have been attempts to extend Stokes' law to cover nonspherical particles (7 , 3, 20), to allow for the effect of particle concentration upon settling rate (70, 77, 77, 20), or to calculate the wall effect for settling in containers of finite size (77). The first general study of flocculated suspensions was by Coe and Clevenger (4), who described the various concentration zones which exist within a settling suspension, and who observed that the upward flow of displaced supernatant was a special case of pore flow. Wadsworth and Cutler (22) studied the effects of flocculating agents upon the settling rates of kaolin suspensions. Smellie and La Mer (72, 79) also studying flocculated kaolin suspensions, sbggested that settling rates could be correlated using the Darcy filtration equation to predict the flow rate of displaced supernatant, and proposed an


Crew members aboard the International Space Station will begin conducting research this week to improve the way we grow crystals on Earth.


Conventional approaches to system design use requirements as boundary conditions against which the design activity occurs. Decisions at a given level of the architecture decomposition can result in the flowing down of conflicting requirements, which are easy to fulfill in isolation but extremely difficult when dealt with simultaneously. Designing against such sets of requirements considerably limits system affordability. Identification of such conflicts is usually performed in industry by subject matter experts. Such evaluations are primarily driven by experience. As a result, effectiveness in identifying conflicting requirements is strongly dependent on the person making the assessment. We propose in this paper a set of heuristics that supports identification of conflicting requirements by providing direction and focus in the identification effort. The heuristics have been derived from a combination of literature review and experience from practitioners. In particular, a set of practitioners was interviewed orally and through a questionnaire in order to abstract and generalize their individual experiences.


Intrinsic motivation is one of the potential candidates to help improve performance of reinforcement learning algorithm in complex environments. The method enhances exploration capability without explicitly told by the creator and works on any environment. This is suitable in the case of multi-agent reinforcement learning where the environment complexity is more than usual. The research presents an exploration model using intrinsic motivation built from the random network distillation algorithm to improve the performance of multi-agent reinforcement learning and compare with the benchmark in different scenarios. The concept of clipping ratio is introduced to enforces the limit on optimization magnitude. Based on the extrinsic reward, the limit in the form of clipping ratio helps truncate the excessive magnitude that may cause instability to the optimization. The experiments were carried out on two different multi-agent architectures: 1) Individual Intrinsic Motivation Architecture, and 2) Centralized Intrinsic Motivation Architecture. The experimental results showed that in case of very complex environments, Centralized Intrinsic Motivation Architecture accompanied with a small clipping ratio could gain an increase in performance. The result reported the achievement of up to�70% win-rate in both architectures which is higher than those of the benchmark at the best of 43% in 2s3z environment.�


Identity is one's own sense of identity.It is be of great importance in the field of education.To study the college English teacher identity is an effective way of getting a full picture of the teachers' teaching philosophy and behavior.It presents the college English teachers' identity by the means of interview and classroom observation.By presenting the situation of the college English teachers' identity in different periods,it is found that the factors influencing teachers' identity include professional competence,career satisfaction,career objectives,career goals,job evaluation and outlook on students,etc.The right sense of teachers' professional identity can convert into one of positive factors influencing on education and lay the foundation for the improvement of professional competence in education.


In this paper, we propose several novel methods to simply Log-MAP algorithm. Firstly, a new function is proposed to replace the logarithmic term in the Jacobian logarithmic function based on Taylor series, which can offer the best approximated accuracy compared with the existing methods. Secondly,we exploit a piece-wise ladder function to approximate the logarithmic term. Lastly, to further simplify the complexity, we omit some unnecessary computation utilizing mathematical statistics. Simulation results show that our algorithms can obtain almost equivalent performance to the Log-MAP algorithm while its complexity is close to the Max-Log-MAP algorithm.


I argue that Eastern and Southern Finance Associations, two prominent US based finance associations should consider combining their annual meetings and hold a joint meeting sometime in February of each year. The meeting has the potential of complementing the very successful fall FMA meetings by providing a venue for an attractive spring job market for economics and finance Ph.D. candidates and graduates.


Breast cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, is responsible for one in six cancer deaths (Sung, H. et al., 2021). Women with schizophrenia have an associated increased incidence of breast cancer compared to the general population (Grassi & Riba, 2020). Patients with severe mental illness are noted to have disparities in accessing and initiating cancer treatment especially among those who are older (Iglay et al., 2017). A case vignette will be presented to illustrate the care and interventions provided by an American Assertive Community Treatment team which fostered supportive treatment engagement and improved the quality of life for a patient that chose to forgo recommended cancer treatment. This presentation will highlight the essential nature of the Assertive Community Treatment team in supporting decisional capacity, facilitation of a patient's grief and acknowledgement of one's own mortality as well as incorporation of medical and palliative care. The attendee will appreciate the importance of the multidisciplinary approach for persons with chronic mental illness and co-morbid cancer diagnoses.


Mayantong Hydropower Station will be exploited by taking high dam and diversion way.The planning dam site section has some adverse geological phenomena such as giant dangerous rocks,high consequent slopes,karst aquifers with broken structure,unloading tension cracks on the bank slopes,deep overburden on the river bed and etc.These adverse conditions contain the pivot layout and selection of dam type.These negative impacts of adverse geological conditions should be paid close attention in selection of dam site.


Given an expansion R of the real line and E R, let (R; E) denote the expansion of R by a predicate for each subset of each cartesian product E (k 1). We say that E is R-sparse if f(E) has no interior, for each k 2 N and f : R ! R de nable in R. (Throughout, \de nable" means \de nable without parameters".) In this note, we consider the extent to which basic metric and topological properties of subsets of R de nable in (R; E) are determined by the corresponding properties of subsets of R de nable in (R; E), when R is an o-minimal expansion of (R; <;+; 0; 1) and E is R-sparse. The precise statement of the main result is a bit complicated, but we can state some special cases now:


In this paper a method for the determination of part of the current harmonic components for the selective compensation harmonic by single-phase active power filter is presented. The non-linear load is composed by an AC controller with variable resistive load. The first six components are identified through artificial neural network. The effectiveness of the proposed method and its application in the single-phase active power filters with selective harmonic compensation are verified. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed approach.


Because of the good thermal conductivity and low on-resistance, SiC MOSFET has broad prospects in aerospace applications. Low-temperature environment often exists in the aerospace field. The low-temperature reliability of the SiC MOSFET interface is relatively poor because of the interface traps. To investigate the low-temperature characterization, the aging mechanism of interface traps (ITs) is analyzed by combining band theory and TCAD simulation. This study shows that the ITs increase at low temperatures, which results in device characteristics drifting more obviously. Moreover, a method for the complete analysis of SiC/SiO2 characterization was established based on the capacitance-voltage characteristic. The piecewise CV-based method can accurately judge the interface characteristics of different SiC/SiO2 interface regions of SiC MOSFET. Finally, CV experiments were carried out to verify the accuracy of the analysis results. Experimental results show that when gate biases are applied, more traps are charged by either holes or electrons at low temperatures, which will result in the traps expanding within the oxide layer more rapidly. The characterization of low-temperature based on the CV characteristic is of great significance to improve the performance of the system.


INTRODUCTION: A modern principle of treatment for obstructive pathologies of salivary glands is saving the gland itself and its functions using minimally invasive methods. This article describes a clinical case of elimination of the stricture of the parotid salivary gland duct and compensation for its expanded section behind the gland with intraoperative visualization using ultrasound. Under US control, the expanded portion was punctured from external access; a conductor was inserted, which passed into the oral cavity through the natural orifice. Through the formed opening, a catheter was installed, which expanded the narrowed area and prevented the reappearance of the stricture. Control examinations in 1, 6 and 12 months showed the functioning of the orifice with release of clear saliva in the satisfactory amount. The patient noted absence of enlargement of the parotid salivary gland and absence of pain at rest and in chewing. Control US in 6 and 12 months showed absence of any signs of stricture and reduction of the orifice diameter to 2 mm. CONCLUSION: The developed method of elimination of stricture of the parotid salivary gland duct can lead to reduction of duration and the scope of surgical intervention, of the risk of re-stricture, postoperative and rehabilitation periods, frequency of using costly equipment, which makes the procedure available.


Several macroeconomic missteps such as global imbalance have been blamed for causing the current international financial crisis. Others have also blamed the excessive Wall Street greed for the crisis. While the above factors may have played a supporting role in the financial crisis, they were certainly not the primary causes of the crisis. The root cause of the current international financial crisis is the abuse of various innovative financial techniques and new investment instruments that have been developed. In recent decades, the pace of financial innovations has accelerated precipitously, which in turn has driven the explosive growth in both the size of global financial markets and its array of new financial products and techniques. The current crisis is primarily the direct result of the abuse of some of the latest and most innovative financial techniques, most of which are too esoteric and technical to be comprehended correctly by both government regulators and academic economists. Many crises are usually a byproduct of the cycle of financial innovations.


The recessive lethal T/t-complex haplotype t w 75 was isolated from Jena, East Germany, prior to 1973. It was at first thought to be a standard member of the t w 5 complementation group because matings of T / t w 75 × T / t w 5 produced tailless offspring only (Dunn, Bennett & Cookingham, 1973). Cross tests with all other complementation groups and embryological studies have recently been completed, with results demonstrating that t w 75 does not complement the members of either the t w 5 or the t w 1 complementation groups. Histological studies show that compound embryos t w 75 / t w 5 and t w 75 / t w 1 die with symptoms indistinguishable from t w 5 / t w 5 and t w 1 / t w 1 homozygtes respectively. Thus t w 75 represents the first confirmed isolation of a t -haplotype that overlaps two complementation groups.


In light of the results of the investigation, it is found that there is a preponderance of those experts who believe that the sanctions applicable to public servants of popular election, in cases in which they are sanctioned for faults related to the position they hold. , it should not be strictly the dismissal and inability to hold public office, however it is found that there are others who state otherwise, that is, it would only be predicable in disciplinary matters the destitution and the inability, which allows observing that the majority is in disagreement with the disciplinary sanctions that are foreseen, which gives vestiges of the nonconformity against the sanctions and their disproportionality, the latter sustaining under the result thrown up against the limitation of the discretionary disciplinary power of the prosecutor. However, the application of a second instance in disciplinary matters was questioned by the specialists because real and effective compliance with the right to due process is not guaranteed, which indicates that there is no doubt regarding the implementation of this principle in matter disciplinary This, that conjugated to the panorama of sanctions allows to deduce that the disproportionality is manifest. In turn, the analysis of the third category reveals the division of the disciplinary process and the criminal process, since the result denotes a numerical equality between those who support or not the criminal sanction as a requisite for dismissal, leaving the preferential application of successive order as preponderant. However, the application of the proportionality test in disciplinary matters is necessary because it is an effective mechanism that allows for typical adjustments that are not only based on subjective grounds and that have a real impact on the determination of duty. functional of the public server. On the other hand, the disciplinary Administrative control and the circumstances of the sanctioning measures of the Attorney General's Office, tend to be characterized by the disproportionality of the sanctioning measures, in a Social State of Law, the public function fulfills a vital task importance, therefore, those servants popularly elected to be those who represent the will of the people and in whom trust falls, are subjects of protection, because it is by virtue of that quality as representatives of the popular will, that those decisions that affect them directly Regarding their public function, they affect the legitimate interests of those who, through a democratic exercise, invested it with such authority. The public servant must be rigorous and attend to the principles of public administration in each of his behaviors. It is the failure to comply with principles such as effectiveness and efficiency, good Faith, morality among others that lead to the strictness of the sanction, however, such rigor and exemplary sanctioning power can not ignore the basic principle of proportionality, which frames the administrative decision issued by the sanctioning body. The application of the sanctions by the Attorney General's Office, seen from the management report of the same, reveals a lack of knowledge of higher standards such as Article 4 of the Colombian Political Constitution, which establishes the popular sovereignty of the nation. In a Social and Democratic State of Law, the manner in which the Procurator's power is established can not be plausible, since State officials are committing an undue application of the norm and ignoring the application of constitutional principles, among which are the fundamental rights of those servers that have been affected and the circumstances in which the disciplinary processes have taken place. These processes make it possible to show that the PGN carries out a political control that is characterized by disproportionality, since it has as a basis the preferential administrative control that has been constitutionally recognized, which is why the consequences of it can not have the scope it has had. Legal figures such as the Attorney General's Office, by not being elected by popular vote and having such a great sanctioning power, may come to ignore democratically declared wills. The disproportion in the decisions of the prosecutor, may even threaten the right to elect and be elected, enshrined in Article 40 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, as well as article 4 of the constitution that establishes the popular sovereignty of the Nation, reason why it should be established, in which cases the power of the Attorney is exceeded


An experimental investigation of electrosprays of ethanol-diesel blends and electrostatically assisted injection of ethanol and ethanol-isooctane blends was performed in order to investigate the potential of novel injection techniques for ethanol-containing fuels. An exponential dependence of liquid fuel conductivity on ethanol content was established. Simple, fundamental electrosprays of ethanol-diesel blends containing 5-15% ethanol exhibited micro-dripping atomisation and produced sprays that approached the monodispersity that has been observed for pure ethanol sprays operating in the cone-jet mode. Experiments were also performed with ethanol and ethanol?isooctane blends on a commercially available swirl-type fuel injector that was modified with a conductive cap in order to electrostatically charge the fuel emerging from it. Electrostatically charged ethanol sprays penetrated in the ambient gas significantly less at the early stage of injection, especially for lower injection pressures. In addition, the angle formed by the hollow cone of spray was larger for the charged sprays. Such effects are expectedly diminishing with decreasing alcohol content.


Inclined heterolithic strata (IHS) formed by laterally-accreting, fluvial-estuarine point-bars are economically important deposits of the lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation, which hosts the Athabasca Oil Sands (AOS) in Northern Alberta. Stratigraphic and lithologic heterogeneities occur at various scales and orientations throughout IHS, rendering interpretation and modeling of their 3-dimensional stratigraphic architecture, aimed at better estimation and extraction or resources/reserves, a serious challenge. An exceptional 3-dimensional exposure of a laterallyaccreting, fluvial-estuarine point-bar deposit occurs at Willow Creek, in the Badlands of central Alberta, approximately two hours northeast of Calgary. This exposure serves as an ancient analogue to the IHS point-bar deposits commonly observed in the subsurface at the AOS (Figure 1). The Willow Creek deposits, from the Late Cretaceous Horseshoe Canyon Formation, were studied in order to better understand the stratigraphic architecture of a point-bar deposit.


In order to solve the problem of stability and seepage caused by complicated geological condi-tions at the left bank of Juxianmiao reservoir, scheme of attaching slope type auxiliary dam at the leftbank is put forward based on site investigation of the topography and geological conditions. By pouringcertain thickness of concrete as a control panel upstream and setting the anchor to make mountain onthe left bank and the anti-seepage panel as a whole, scheme of attaching slope type auxiliary dam makesfull use of the mountain on the left bank. It is verified by experiment that this scheme not only solves thestability and seepage problems on the left bank, but also saves engineering quantity and investment. It isworthy of reference for similar projects.