A YSW109 non-phosphorus fouling and corrosion inhibitor has been developed and its corrosion and fouling inhibition performances have been evaluated.The results show that the YSW109 inhibitor has excellent fouling and corrosion inhibition performance for carbon steel under various water and water treatment conditions.The fouling inhibition performances of calcium carbonate inhibitor are close to those of stable salt and existing phosphorus inhibitor.Dynamic simulation tests demonstrate that the corrosion rate and the adherent rate of carbon steel were 0.018mm/a and 1.51mcm,respectively,which reached the "very good" standard specifications of Sinopec.


Millimeter- and submillimeter wavelength interferometry is a powerful technique allowing imaging of dust and molecules in a multitude of astronomical environments. With the arrival of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), such studies will be possible with unprecedented sensitivity and a spatial resolution similar to the diffraction limit of large optical/infrared telescopes. In this paper, we mention a few aspects of (sub) millimeter astronomy and provide a short summary of ALMA's capabilities.


Objective: To find out clinical effects of WenXin granules and simvastatin in the treatment of arrhythmia of coronary heart disease.Method: Sixty patients were randomly assigned into observation group and control group,30 cases each group.Control group were given with simvastatin,40mg each time,once per day.Observation group received WenXin granules,one package each time,three times per day,took after mixing it with lukewarm water.One course of treatment was one week,changes of ECG,clinical symptoms,body signs(including heart rate,rhythm of the heart,blood pressure and others) and blood fat before and after the treatment were observed after six courses of treatment.Result: Total effective rate of observation group was 96.67%,obviously higher than 80.00% of control group(P0.05).Comparisons of TC,TG and LDL-C of both groups showed remarkable differences(P0.05),TC,TG and LDL-C of observation group after treatment were lower than that before treatment while HDL-C was higher than that before the treatment.Conclusion: WenXin granule and simvastatin in treating arrhythmia of coronary heart disease show remarkable effects and good safety.


I develop a model for how heterogeneous firms within an industry respond to a financial shock that temporarily raises the cost of external finance, relative to internally generated funds. The model incorporates three elements that lead to substantial variation across firms in policy response to the shock and affect the time path of aggregate outcomes: endogenous entry, heterogeneity in firm productivity, and gradual scaling up of firm capital stock. I find that these elements lead to firm policies that have off-setting effects on the initial aggregate impact of the crisis, such as the drop in output and investment, but reinforcing effects to slow down the subsequent recovery.


6055 Background: Although HPV-related LA-OPSCC is associated with better prognosis than HPV-negative disease, ~30% of cases relapse despite curative-intent chemoradiotherapy. New prognostic biomarkers are needed to rationalise curative-intent treatment without compromising efficacy. We aimed to develop a proteomic signature associated with risk of recurrence from diagnostic biopsies of patients with HPV-positive OPSCC. Methods: We analysed 139 formalin fixed paraffin embedded archival core biopsy specimens from 124 patients with HPV-related (p16 IHC positive) T1-4N0-3M0 LA-OPSCC tumours. All patients were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy at the Princess Alexandra Hospital (Brisbane, Australia) between 2007-2019. The cohort included 50 patients with recurrence less than five years from diagnosis and 74 age/performance-status matched patients with no recurrence. Proteomic analysis was performed utilizing data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). A proteomic prognostic signature associated with recurrence free survival (RFS) at five years was the primary endpoint of interest. It was developed using a computational pipeline comprising an initial univariate Cox model step, followed by multiple runs of multivariate Cox models with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regularization, and then a final step of recursive feature selection. Results: A total of 7,597 proteins were quantified and 665 were differentially expressed proteins between tumour and normal adjacent tissues. There were 5,199 proteins remaining in the tumour samples after filtering. RFS was significantly (q-value < 0.05) associated with 252 proteins, whose functions are enriched in adaptive and innate immunity and MAPK6/MAPK4 signalling pathways. A 16-protein signature associated with RFS stratified patients into low, intermediate, or high-risk groups (C-index = 0.885, p < 0.0001). The 16-protein signature outperformed clinico-pathological covariates including age, stage, ECOG and smoking history with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC 0.95). Conclusions: DIA-MS-based proteomics on core biopsies can be used to risk stratify HPV-related OPSCC patients. A 16-protein signature associated with RFS was successfully identified as a basis for future studies. Validation of this proteomic prognostic signature in independent cohorts is required and may be used to inform future clinical trials to better tailor upfront therapy.


The European Facility for Industrial Transmutation (EFIT) is developed to transmute long-lived actinides from spent fuel on an industrial scale. In this lead-cooled reactor an intermediate loop is eliminated for economic reasons. Within the framework of design and safety studies the impact of a steam generator tube rupture accident has been investigated. In this postulated event high-pressured liquid water blasts into the lead pool which could trigger various transients. As a major concern steam could be dragged into the core featuring a positive void worth. A thermal lead/water interaction could lead to in-core damage propagation; it could initiate a sloshing of the lead coolant and trigger voiding processes. Furthermore the pressurization of the cover gas needs to be considered. To prove the feasibility of the proposed design these risks are investigated and assessed. Numerical simulations are performed using the advanced safety analysis code SIMMER-III [2]. For the important issue of thermal lead/water interactions the SIMMER code has been validated against Japanese heavy-liquid/water injection experiments.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


In this paper, we examined the effect of two known inhibitors of prostacyclin synthetase, tranylcypromine and 16-hydroperoxyarachidonate, on bradykinin-stimdated prostacyclin synthesis and arachidonic acid release from cellular phospholipids in endothelial cells derived from calf abrta. These two inhibitors inhibit prostacyclin synthesis stimulated by bradykinin, arachidonic acid, and ionophore A23187. However, these two inhibitors also affect the release of arachidonic acid from cells. Using cells prelabeled with [3H]arachidonic acid, we found that bradykinin-stimulated arachidonic acid release is severely inhibited by tranylcypromine (600 pg/ml) but is stimulated by 16-hydroperoxyarachidonate at a concentration as low as 1 pg/ ml. We also found that 16-hydroperoxyarachidonate inhibits not only prostacyclin formation but also prostaglandin  formation  from  the  released  arachidonic acid. Under the conditions used, these two compounds have no effects on the cell viability as judged by trypan blue exclusion test. We conclude that tranylcypromine and 16-hydroperoxyarachidonate not only inhibit prostacyclin synthesis but 'dso affect other steps in the metabolism of arachidonic acid in whole c lls.


In 1966, in a characterization of Russian Formalism, Girard Genette observed that literature had been considered as a message without a code for so long that it had become necessary to consider it for a while as a code without a message (Genette 1966:150). In this connection Genette quoted Roman Jakobson's definition of literariness (literaturnost'), but he could as well have referred to Shklovskij's one-sided interest in the devices of literature and in the making of literature, which led him to the opinion that "the things made are not important in art" (Shklovskij 1925:101). Genette's acknowledgement of the approach of the Russian Formalists, Todorov's translations of the Russian Formalists (1965), Jurij Striedter's bilingual edition of the main texts of Russian Formalism (1969), and Roland Barthes's S/Z (1970) provided the ground for the term "code" becoming a household word in the vocabulary of the student of literature. In this way, we were rather well prepared for reading Jurij Lotman, whose Structure of the Artistic Text appeared in Russian in 1970, in German in 1972 and 1973 (there were two German translations), in French in 1973, and in English in 1977, as well as for Umberto Eco, whose Theory of Semiotics was published in 1976. In the meantime the term "code" has found a very wide application. Apart from many valuable contributions to the concept, there are also numerous other ones, written by less considerate scholars, creating confusion, entering blind alleys, and often disclaiming all previous work done by others as being irrelevant. In fact, the term "code" has experienced a boom, which like all booms was not all that healthy. Let us try to find some definitions of code that can be used in the study of literature. Outside our discipline the word has been widely used and over a fairly long period of time. The Oxford English


The function of sleep was a longstanding mystery in neuroscience, but there is now compelling empirical evidence for several key functions of sleep. Elucidating these functions and their underlying pathways is a hot area for the field of sleep research today, and many open questions remain. What we have gleaned from recent data is that it is important to view sleep as a synthesis of processes that enable improved functioning during wakefulness. There is no single universal function of sleep, but rather a collection of synergistic functions that are each of varying importance to different species. In humans, sleep plays critical roles in consolidating memories, restoring energy stores in the brain, clearing wastes from the brain, immune function, metabolic function, and overall health.


With the increase in global carbon dioxide emissions, China has put forward the goals of a carbon peak and carbon neutrality (double carbon) and formulated an action plan to consolidate and enhance the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem. The Chinese grassland ecosystem (CGE) is widely distributed and is the key link for China to achieve the double carbon objectives. However, there is a relative lack of research on carbon sources and sinks in the CGE, so it is urgent to integrate and analyze the carbon sources and sinks in the grassland ecosystem on the national scale. Based on the refined grid data, the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of the CGE was estimated by coupling the vegetation production model and soil respiration model. The results showed that the cumulative carbon sequestration of the CGE was 14.46 PgC from 2010 to 2020. In terms of spatial distribution, this shows that the differentiation characteristics are high in the northwest of China and low in the southeast of China, which strongly corresponds with the 400 mm isohyet and 0 °C isotherm of China. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the NEP of the CGE was positively correlated with precipitation and negatively correlated with temperature; that is, precipitation mainly promotes the accumulation of NEP, and temperature mainly inhibits it. The coupling effect of temperature and precipitation jointly affects the spatial change of carbon sources and sinks of the CGE. This study can provide a scientific basis for government departments to formulate targeted policies to deal with climate change, which is of great significance for China to improve ecosystem management, ensure ecological security and promote the realization of China's double carbon goal.


Some glycine-containing oligopeptides were prepared as model substrates. In the course of the synthesis, Goodman's one-step coupling method as well as some fragment condensation by means of PCPOH was applied.


Article history Received: 7 September 2021 Revised: 14 September 2021 Accepted: 24 January 2022 Published Online: 31 January 2022 Hemichorea associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia (HC-NH) is a rare disease. The purpose of this case report is to introduce a patient with HC-NH and provide a schedule of examination and follow-up treatment. We also reviewed the current understanding of pathophysiology and treatment and how to apply it to our patients. The case involved a 37-year-old Asian diabetic man who had a 9-day history of losing movement in left limbs and face. His initial blood glucose level was 10.13 mmol/L. HbA1c was 13.6%. Before admission, head CT scan showed suspicious small pieces of left brainstem with slightly high-density shadow and right putamen nucleus with high-density shadow. On the day of admission, head MRI showed punctate T1WI low signal shadow, T2WI high and low mixed signal shadow, T1WI high signal shadow and T2WI low signal shadow of right putamen nucleus. The case findings were consistent with his displayed motor pattern and with the HC-NH diagnosis. Gradual control of the blood glucose levels alleviates his choreiform symptoms. The endocrinology follow-up 6 months after discharge found that his symptoms did not recur after the outpatient's medication compliance was improved. HC-NH is a rare manifestation of poor diabetes control, but it should also be noticed by clinicians. Early recognition and gradual treatment of elevated blood glucose levels seem to completely alleviate choreiform symptoms.


The basic directions of realization of the educational policy in Russia in the second half of 19 th – the beginning of 20 th century are revealed. The intrinsic bases of concept «the educational policy» and its key signs are defined. The specific feature of realization of the educational policy in Russia is shown.


It introduces the common process of structural dynamic detecting methods,and setting the garage of one office building in the city of Kunming as example,it builds the three dimension finites element model,measures the dynamic output of garage and the dynamic response of structure by using acceleration transducer,and discusses the problems should be attended in structural detecting,to get the purpose of appraisal the reliability of the structure correctly.


Kynotherapy is a domain thriving for many years having a more and more big application in assisting rehabilitation treating suffering children for autism. Kynotherapeutic classes consist in stimulating the development of the child through the contact with the specially selected, but next trained dog with psychotherapist. Individually exercises selected according to needs of the patient can much lengthen the odds on the smooth running in the adult life supporting the psychosocial development of the child working with the dog also. On the basis of observations of dynamics of the progression kynotherapy in final years it is possible to expect the growing popularity of this method on account of current satisfying results, of drawing up new sets of exercises and coming into existence of next organizations focusing specialists in this field.


Abstract For a finite group G, we denote by and the minimal degree of faithful permutation representation of G and the minimal degree of faithful representation of G by quasi-permutation matrices over the complex field respectively. In this paper, we examine c(G) and for VZ-groups and Camina p-groups.


AbstractParameter selection is a key step in finite-element-model updating (FEMU) because it determines whether the task of FEMU is successful or not. The as-built engineering structures are inevitably subject to many sources of uncertainty such as geometric dimension variability due to manufacture process, inherent random variation of materials, and imprecisely known boundary conditions. Uncertainty involving parameters challenges the task of parameter selection in FEMU. In this paper, the powerful global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is proposed to perform parameter selection in FEMU when uncertainty exists. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method is extensively adopted to perform GSA. However, the brute-force MCS method is likely to be unaffordable and impractical because it entails a large number of model evaluations due to its slow convergence. Therefore, the Gaussian process metamodel is used as the surrogate model of the time-consuming finite-element model to ease the heavy computational burden. Gauss...


A schedule of services selected by a department of radiology is put together in documented program form to reduce the causes of radiographic variables. The program contains controls on processing, equipment performance, and processor performance, standards in radiographic technique, training of all personnel, and many various system checks. Methods to analyze all steps of the process of obtaining a finished radiograph are presented.


We have shown the lower growth rates of tumors that developed from Wnt1‐transgenic (Tg) offspring of dams consuming whole blueberry powder (3% BB) during pregnancy and lactation, compared to those of control (Casein) dams. Dietary exposure at post‐weaning through lifetime did not mimic the effects of early BB exposure. The basis for maternal BB effects on mammary tumor growth was examined in dams exposed to BB or control diet as young adults (beginning at age 8 weeks) and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Dams at weaning were evaluated for growth and metabolic parameters. BB‐fed dams had lower abdominal and retroperitoneal fat pad weights than control‐fed dams, although their body weights did not differ. BB dams also displayed increased insulin sensitivity (lower blood glucose, serum insulin, HOMA) and higher serum glutathione and methionine levels. Isolated epithelial cells from pre‐neoplastic mammary tissues of Tg offspring exposed to maternal control and BB diets were analyzed for percentage of basal (CD29highCD24+) and luminal progenitor (CD29lowCD24+) populations. Maternal BB exposure (relative to control) resulted in lower percentage of the luminal subpopulation (6.4% vs 21%), which comprise the tumor bulk in Tg tissues. Results implicate the influence of the favorable metabolic and anti‐oxidative maternal environment with BB diet on developing mammary glands for the improved mammary tumor outcome.


Effective utilization of Hibiscus sabdariffa fibers in composites applications as a reinforcing fibers in polymer matrix have been a major concern due to its poor mechanical and hydrophilic properties. It will be of benefits to environmental and technological advancement, if its properties are properly handled. In this study, the morphological, tensile and water absorption characteristics of H. sabdariffa fibers was aimed to be investigated. H. sabdariffa fibers was modified using sodium hydroxides, sodium lauryl sulphate and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. The morphology using scanning electron microscopy, tensile properties (strength, modulus, elongation and energy at break), water absorption and water diffusion behaviours were studied. Chemical modifications improved fiber surface and roughness, tensile strength and modulus, elongation and energy at break with reduced water absorption of H. sabdariffa fibers. The water diffusion behaviour is less - Fickian controlled by water penetration rate. Hence improved the hydrophobic nature of H. sabdariffa fibers. Keywords: Hibiscus sabdariffa fibers, tensile properties, morphology, water diffusion behaviour


Examines the Japanese management philosophy in organizations, and develops a 15‐item, four‐factor (family orientation and loyalty, open communication, team approach, and manager knowledge) Japanese organizational culture scale (JOCS). Investigates the differences in JOCS and other work‐related variables between 156 non‐unionized employees of one Japanese‐owned automobile plant and 144 unionized employees of one US‐owned automobile plant in the USA. There were no differences in income and education. Employees in the Japanese‐owned plant had higher scores for family orientation and loyalty, open communication, team approach, manager knowledge, organizational commitment, organization‐based self‐esteem, organizational instrumentality, intrinsic satisfaction, and extrinsic satisfaction than those in the US‐owned plant. Results are discussed in light of organizational culture and enhancing quality and productivity in the global competitive market.


Bi Fe O_3 powders were synthesized by hydrothermal method under different magnetic fields with KOH concentrations of 2—7 mol/L at 140—220 ℃ for 1—12 h,using Bi( NO_3)_3·5H_2O and Fe( NO_3)_3·9H_2O as reaction materials and KOH as the mineralizer. The external magnetic field expanded the experimental range of alkali concentration and reaction temperature for the synthesis of pure Bi Fe O_3 phase. SEM images showed that the magnetic field effectively reduced the Bi Fe O_3 particle size. The results of photocatalytic experiment showed that the photocatalytic activity of the Bi Fe O_3 powders increased with decreasing particle size. The magnetization was increased and the intensity of A_1-2 resonance mode in Raman spectra was enhanced for Bi Fe O_3 prepared under mangetic field.


OBJECTIVE To prepare tinidazole buccal adhesive tablets,and discuss the effect of different formulation on the property of the tablets.METHODS Selecting different types of Carbopol and HPMC as mucosity and sustained release matrix materials,using direct compression to prepare tablets,to review effect of different formulation on property of adhensive force,expanding rate,in vitro cumulating drug release of tablets.RESULTS With the increasing amount of Carbopol,adhensive force and expanding rate of tinidazole buccal adhesive tablet present enhancive trend.Through the results of in vitro release experiment showed different drug-release mechanism.CONCLUSION Different type and proportion of Carbopol and HPMC has significant influence on the property of tinidazole buccal adhesive tablets.


By combining and comparing output from ice dynamics models with a large range of complexity, the authors argue that future inter comparison projects, which use model ensemble means to improve predictions of ice sheet mass loss, should only contain MISMIP (and its successors) approved models. They show that results from a simple model with a biased (i.e. wrong) description of the grounding line dynamics are not significantly different from results previously obtained in the SeaRISE inter comparison, which mostly employed models that did not comply with MISMIP requirements. They further show that the spread in predictions of future mass loss of Pine Island Glacier is largely reduced when only MISMIP approved models are included in the ensemble.


For the control of laser beam characteristics by means of electrical methods, gyromagnetic films on a dielectric substrate can be used. The beam scattering on such a structure is considered. The spatial distribution of the reflected field in the cross-section is obtained by means of Fourier analysis.


Objective To analyze the current application of prophylactic antibacterials during perioperative period in our hospital,to appraise the rationality of the application and to improve the clinical antibacterials' rational use.Methods A retrospective survey in 623cases from July 2008 to December 2008.Results The antibacterials application ratio of the 623 cases during perioperative period is 96.95%,including 63.72% of the monotherapy,32.26% of the double-therapy and 4.01% of the triple-therapy.Irrational application in operation incision typeⅠis 53.07%,and type Ⅱ is 60.87%.Irrational medication lies mainly in:the drug selection starting point is too high;the medication timing is unreasonable;the postoperative medication is too long;medication is excessive;divided doses is not in line with pharmacokinetic characteristics;drug combination is unreasonable etc.Conclusions The antibacterials medication management should be further strengthened and standardized and the clinical medication should be safer,more effective and more economic.


Starch is widely used in industry. However, it must be modified to improve its properties and broaden its applications. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of reaction time and pH on the main properties of Oxidized Ramon starch (OS). Samples of Native Ramon starch (NS) were oxidized with sodium hypochlorite (3.0 g active chlorine/100 g starch) at reaction times and pHs varying from 30 to 120 min and 8 to 11, respectively, according to a central composite rotatable design. The results were analyzed using a response surface methodology (RSM). Reaction time and pH had a significant effect on the carboxyl group content and color of the Ramon starch gel. The appearance of NS granule was similar to OS. Oxidation was more intense in starch treated at a pH of 11.6 and a reaction time of 75 min. The optimal conditions to obtain a whiter starch gel (L* = 41.5) were a reaction time of 86.4 min and a pH of 10.6. The OS showed lower values of total phenolic compounds compared to NS. The oxidation of NS with sodium hypochlorite can be used to obtain a whiter starch with different properties and broaden its potential applications in industry


The present investigation entitled "Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on plant growth and flowers yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)" was carried out at Department of Horticulture, Gochar Mahavidhyalaya, Rampur Maniharan, Saharanpur during October 2017 and February 2018. The recommended dose of organic nutrients and fertilizers (RDF) was applied with vermicompost, Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Poultry manure, azotobacter and Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria (PSB) in different doses. The result showed that the maximum plant height was recorded under T3 (100%RDF + Vermicompost) treatment and plant spreading, diameter of plant, number of primary and secondary branches and in the flowering parameters i.e. bud initiation, number of flowers per plant, total flower yield were recorded maximum under T6 (75% RDF + vermicompost + azotobacter) treatment. The flower weight and flower size were recorded maximum under T12 (50% RDF + Vermicompost + Azotobacter), while all growth parameters of plants and flowers yield were found minimum under reference.


The major purpose of this piper is to initiate discussion on the validity of systematic phonemics in the area of language acquisition. This is not an attempt to write a phonology, but rather an outline of some theoretical and formal devices that may be used for gaining insight into the phonological system of the child. An evaluation procedure suggested is that of °developmental adequacy° which accounts for the process by which a child moves, closer to a system that is constantly presented to him. Such a procedure includes statements of stability that mark certain aspects of the child's system as similar to, and others as distinct from, the model to which he is presented. A summary of rules suggested for the child's system include: reduplication, diminution, production alternations and adaptation. The productive rule is introduced to cover the child's comprehension of sounds he does not yet produce, and the adaptive rule expands the notion of °developmental adequacy.° (Author /LG)


Emotional intelligence (EL) is an important skill in today's organizations. The literature on leadership suggests that EL has the potential to increase both employee commitment and organizational outcomes. The main purpose of this research is to study the impacts of EL level of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) leaders on the Organizational commitment (OC) of their subordinate. 310 staff from 14 different faculties participates in this study by completing two questionnaires. This population was chosen through stratified sampling. We evaluated Leaders' EL with the BAR-ON emotional quotint-360 (EQ-360) and academicians OC with (OCS). Regression analysis resulted in recognition of UTM academicians' leaders as highly emotional intelligence ones. We found that there is a significant relationship between leaders' EL who operates with intrapersonal, interpersonal, stress management, adaptability and general mood with OC. Moreover, UTM leaders have been evaluated to have enhanced EL skills in all EL dimensions. [Negar Mahmoodzadeh, Ishak Bin Mad Shah, Sultan Ameen Fares Abdulah. The Impact of Leader's Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Commitment. Life Sci J 2014;11(6s):226-231]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 43


Background: Over the last 10 years the AHA/ACC guidelines have evolved to recommend that patients with definite unstable angina or Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) receive dual antiplatelet therapy that may include a thienopyridine on presentation . to the hospital. Determinants and outcomes associated with the administration of thienopyridines in the emergency department (ED) have not been well characterized. Methods: We examined thienopyridine use in 39,543 patients with NSTEMI included in the NCDR's ACTION Registry®-GWTG™ (430 US hospitals) between1/2007 and 6/2010. Patients not seen initially in the ED, transferred in, not administered Clopidogrel or Prasugrel within 24 hours of presentation, or missing time data were excluded. We analyzed the patient demographics associated with ED administration and impact of ED thienopyridine administration on in-hospital outcomes. Results: Of the cohort 9564 (24.2%) received a thienopyridine in the ED. Factors independently associated with t...


Deep processing of the farm animals blood based on fractionation provides its more complete, rational and effective use in food production. Blood and its fractions were traditionally used in the production of meat and therapeutic and preventive products, medical drugs and feed. Blood plasma of livestock for slaughter is an important source of valuable protein, so it gives good opportunity for its application as a promising nontraditional raw material for the new daily diet protein enriched functional products manufacture. However, blood and its fractions application prospects are limited by their short shelf life, so dry blood and its fractions (plasma, formed elements) have great importance for the production of dietary supplements and food for functional, prevention and rehabilitation purposes. To enlarge the information about food blood fractions properties and biotechnological potential, including those subjected to drying, it has been analyzed protein chemical and qualitative composition, as well as foaming capacity parameters of dry blood plasma «Sonak Bad Bramstedt GmbH». It has been noted that the protein component is represented mainly by water-soluble fraction, as for amino acid composition it is characterized by the presence of all essential amino acids with lysine dominance. A detailed study of the dry blood plasma «Sonak Bad Bramstedt GmbH» foaming capacity has shown that it is adequate, and due to some indices it is much better than traditional food foaming agents. The foams obtained are characterized by high values of multiplication factor and stability. The investigation results allow giving objective evaluation of dry plasma application prospects in the technology of whipped protein products and enlargement of their range.


Gut-microbiota plays a pivotal role in development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that tryptamine, a microbial metabolite of tryptophan, impairs glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Tryptamine presents a higher level in monkeys with spontaneous diabetes and human with T2D and positively correlated with the glucose tolerance. In parallel, tryptamine level was suppressed by dietary fibers intervention in T2D subjects and negatively correlated with improvement of glucose tolerance. The inhibitory effect of tryptamine on insulin signaling as shown was dependent on a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling axis. Monoassociation of T2D-associated tryptamine-producing bacteria Ruminococcus gnavus impairs insulin sensitivity in pseudo germ-free mice. Our findings indicate gut microbiota-derived tryptamine contributes to the development of insulin resistance in T2D and may serve as a new target for intervention. Graphical Abstract


free from errors. Only one point could have been developed more thoroughly. This involves the composition, motives, and aspirations of Philadelphia's so-called "philosopher mechanics." Here the author tends to emphasize ideation at the expense of reality. At no time between 1824 and 1865 were common artisans influential in the society's inner circles. Rather, the dominant personalities were businessmen, academicians, and factory masters. It was their sense of what was needed and expedient that determined policy. The Franklin Institute may have been launched initially for the benefit of workers, but it was not run by them. Sinclair refrains from asking to what extent the Institute may have functioned as an agency for social control.


Background/Objectives: The study of the problems related to the formation of citizenship in modern Russian society, one of the main forms of which is civic education, leads to growing cognitive interest. Methods/Statistical analysis: Within the framework of conceptual scientific thinking, the article deals with the problems of civic education as a way of forming the citizenship in Russian society with account to its socio-cultural and political specifics. Identity is seen as a result of the impact of information and cultural actualization. In the study of the identity, an important place is given to the analysis of its universal and particular traits. Findings: The authors reveal the binary nature of the legal consciousness of schoolchildren and contradictions existing between its cognitive, axiological and connotative components. In Russian society, on the one hand, there are two types of relationships between the man and the state, having formed two opposite faces of citizenship: official, allegiant and loyal citizenship and the oppositional, critical and rebellious one. On the other hand, there has been an active citizenship formed in Russia, which is competent, responsible and moral in terms of its social significance. Application/Improvements: The article is useful in terms of helping young people to learn how to live in the real Russian society, gain citizenship and civic subjectness.


This paper presents measurement and analysis of electromagnetic field radiation for engineering workshop using three-axis Tesla meter. The measurements are carried out at the exposure level of power frequency magnetic field in some typical places where the workers are subjected to the fields. In the usual surroundings, high value of current radiates strong magnetic field that might exceed the safe limit of creating possible adverse health effects if proper shielding is not ended. Radiated magnetic field at the different locations of engineering workshops are measured and compared with international guidelines. In order to achieve space distribution, the work place is divided into meshes and fields are measured in the grid points. The measurements are performed using three axis EMF meter (Gauss meter). The results and analysis shows that the data taken using the three axis Tesla meter is more accurate with the calculated value compared to the existing single axis Tesla meter.


Songs sung by male humpback whales consist of distinct, pulsed sounds that are designated as units. Units are produced in some sequence to form a phrase, a repeated set of phrases forms a theme, and repeated themes form a song. A song can last from minutes to hours. The songs of eight humpback whales were recorded with a vertical array of five hydrophones spaced 7 m apart with the array located within 100 m of the whales. At least seven distinct units were identified aurally from this data set obtained during the 2002 winter humpback whale session in Hawaii. Four distinct recurring themes were found in the songs, and for each whale at least two themes were recorded. The average duration of each unit sampled and the silent interval following the unit were determined in order to describe the temporal characteristics of the songs. From the data the temporal consistency and cadence control of unit production by each humpback whale and between whales were determined. Understanding the temporal and spectral characteristics of units within songs and how these units vary between whales could ultimately help in the design of computer algorithms to automatically identify individual whales.


This paper investigates the problem of obtaining the weights of the ordered weighted aggregation (OWA) operators from observations. The problem is formulated as a restricted least squares and uniform approximation problems. We take full advantage of the linearity of the problem. In the former case, a well known technique of non-negative least squares is used. In a case of uniform approximation, we employ a recently developed cutting angle method of global optimisation. Both presented methods give results superior to earlier approaches, and do not require complicated nonlinear constructions. Additional restrictions, such as degree of orness of the operator, can be easily introduced.


Immunosuppressive therapy has a key role in developing coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19)‐associated mucormycosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of the type and cumulative dose of immunosuppressive agents on COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis.


The recent discovery of the superconductivity in the doped infinite layer nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd) is of great interest since the nickelates are isostructural to doped (Ca, Sr)CuO2 having superconducting transition temperature (T c) of about 110 K. Verifying the commonalities and differences between these oxides will certainly give a new insight into the mechanism of high T c superconductivity in correlated electron systems. In this paper, we review experimental and theoretical works on this new superconductor and discuss the future perspectives for the 'nickel age' of superconductivity.


It is essential for corporate social responsibility that staff can trust its leaders. This paper argues that trust in leaders depends on the relationship between the leader's values, words and actions. If they are in line, employees can trust the leader. If they are not, distrust prevails. Five alternative relationships between values, words and actions can be identified: (1) values = words = actions; (2) values = words != actions; (3) values != words = actions; (4) values != words != actions; and (5) values = actions != words. They can be analysed and interpreted through the Jungian concepts of ego, persona (public ego), shadow and self. In alternative (1) leaders' Jungian ego has developed into a


We1) reported first that root rot of ginseng is caused by Cylindrocarpon sp., and named the causal fungus as Cylindrocarpon panacis Matuo et Miyazawa. This disease is the most destructive to the ginseng root, and is perceived the decisive obstacle on the continuous cropping (replantation) of this crop. This fungus produces its microconidia and chlamydospores on ordinary media, but usually do not produce many-septate macroconidia. We barely found them on the pro-


In traditional Kazakh culture evolved over the centuries, reflected the socio-economic, historical, geographical conditions of life of the Kazakh ethnic group. Kazakh tradition of craftsmanship are jewelry, weaving, leather, felt, wooden products, created by prominent artists of the Pavlodar region. The nomadic way of life of Kazakh people contributed to the development of weaving and the creation of felt products are widely used in everyday life. The Kazakhs experience of different ways to melt iron, brought from outside, allowed to make various household items, tools. The development in the nineteenth century, wood crafts led to the emergence of wooden household products, home building, which helped raise the level of life of Kazakh people. Deep traditions of folk music been continued and developed in the manufacture of Kazakh musical instruments (kobyz, dombra, dauylpaz, shandauyl, sybyzgy). The variety of works of craftsmanship presented in the second half of the nineteenth century in numerous exhibitions in the central cities of Russia also proved the excellence of outstanding craftsmen of the Kazakh people.


This article formulates the model of the network operation and restore of bit network synchronization which foresees automated decision support system within its maintenance. It focuses on the influence of metrological and automated decision support system resources on the restore process of bit network synchronization.


This project investigated temporal trends in per-fluoroalkyl acid concentrations in Australian children between 2002 and 2017. Temporal trends in chemical concentrations were then compared with modelled burden of disease data in order to direct future research into the health effects associated with exposure. Between 2002 and 2017, there was a significant decrease in perfluoroalkyl acid concentrations within Australia's child population, but there was no correlation between this and burden of disease in the same age group.


Induction time experiments, spectroscopic and calorimetric analysis, and molecular modeling were used to probe the influence of solvent on the crystal nucleation of fenoxycarb (FC), a medium-sized, flexible organic molecule. A total of 800 induction times covering a range of supersaturations and crystallization temperatures in four different solvents were measured to elucidate the relative ease of nucleation. To achieve similar induction times, the required thermodynamic driving force, RT ln S, increases in the order: ethyl acetate < toluene < ethanol < isopropanol. This is roughly matched by the order of interfacial energies calculated using the classical nucleation theory. Solvent–solute interaction strengths were estimated using three methods: solvent–solute enthalpies derived from calorimetric solution enthalpies, solvent–solute interactions from molecular dynamics simulations, and the FTIR shifts in the carbonyl stretching corresponding to the solvent–solute interaction. The three methods gave an ove...


The electronic surface-states of a topological insulator in the presence of an in-plane magnetization vortex M(ϕ)=M(cos(Φ+νϕ), sin(Φ+νϕ)) are investigated theoretically. For a general angle of magnetization Φ∈[0,2π) and topological charge ν = 1, the modifications to the zero-mass single Dirac cone dispersion are treated exactly and the spectrum of bound eigenstates which forms in the energy window ±M cos(Φ) is derived. The space-time resolved dynamics of Dirac fermions in the presence of such vortices is studied numerically using a single-cone (2 + 1)D finite-difference scheme. In the continuous spectral region, Φ-dependent scattering of Dirac fermions at the vortex is observed. Depending on the type of vortex ( Φ, ν) and the impact parameter, the propagation direction of the Dirac fermion is changed: the magnetization of the vortex exerts a torque onto the fermion spin which, by momentum-spin locking associated with the helical Dirac states, results in an in-plane rotation of the propagation direction of...


The change rule of temperature field of composite material under different ablation conditions is an important research content in the thermal protection system.In order to reveal the thermal response of carbon-carbon composites at different ablation rates,the change rule of temperature field under ablation surface receding condition was numerically analysed and researched by the method of virtual failure and deleting cells.The finite element numerical calculation model of ablation temperature field was established under moving boundary conditions.The result of numerical analysis shows that the wall temperature of the ablative materials closely relates to the material ablation rate,and the wall temperature decreases with the increase of the ablation rate,and the ablation of materials has played an effective thermal protective effect.The results of numerical simulation meet the requirements of the research program.The research method is applicable for any ablative thermal protection materials.


The paper analyzes the uncertainty of bounce time of contacts for relay. It changes the bounce time series into symbolic series according to the threshold function given in the paper. By means of the coding symbolic series and probability statistical analysis, we propose a concept named series entropy, which is a suitable eigenvalue for temporal schema and helps to find the time-change law of uncertainty of bounce time series. The analysis indicates that series entropy of bounce time for bad contacts descend as time goes on. The law can be used to predict the operating reliability.


This study present and modifies the technology acceptance model (TAM) in understanding behavioural intention to use for online ticket purchasing. With 306 respondent, this study identifies the relationship and influence among perceived ease of use, technology readiness, perceived usefulness, attitude towards using, and behavioural intention to use. The findings revealed that technology readiness is the determinant factor in forming an attitude towards using and perceived usefulness on the contrary. These findings can be used for Cinema company to attract more people using online ticket purchasing since its still lack of user although this technology exists for customer benefit.


The Sr3Al2O6-3x/2Nx∶Eu2+ phosphor was synthesized by solid-state reaction method.The study of Sr3Al2O6-3x/2Nx∶Eu2+ spectra indicated that the emission spectra was the broad band spectra peaking at 600 nm when exciting at 400~550 nm.The XRD results showed that the crystal structure of Sr3Al2O6-3x/2Nx∶Eu2+ was the same as Sr3Al2O6.Effect of Eu2+ concentration on luminescent intensity of Sr3Al2O6-3x/2Nx∶Eu2+ phosphor was investigated.The results showed that the luminescent intensity firstly increased with increasing Eu2+ content and then decreases.The Eu2+ content corresponding to the maximal luminescent intensity is 15%.According to Dexter theory,the concentration quenching mechanisms are the q-q(quadrupole-quadrupole) interaction.The emission intensity of Sr3Al2O6-3x/2Nx∶Eu2+,Ce3+ is higher than that of the other phosphor activated by Eu2+ only.


A common approach in crowdsensing projects consists in using the sensing capabilities of mobile's user devices to collect some data, which is later aggregated and processed by a central collector, and then published in aggregated form. In return, individual users obtain useful information related to the provided data, making the exchange mutually beneficial. This use of crowds provides a framework to enable smart cities, as it channels a pervasive interaction between humans (smart-citizens) and multiple devices (sensors, terminals, and mobile phones, etc.) in order to cooperate and collaborate with their surrounding neighbors, thus building "smart" spaces where users can share data and enjoy services. In practice, things are never this simple. Smart-citizens may have reasons to question whether participating in these services is indeed convenient for them: in principle, their privacy can be easily vulnerated via mining the provided data. Moreover, recent revelations on massive surveillance by government agencies for security reasons only increase users' mistrust on smart-city services that need access to their sensitive data. In this article, we present a three-layer approach to secure the privacy of smart-citizens. Starting from the premise that raw data, if exists at all, should remain inside users' devices at all times and only aggregations must be collected by servers, we propose combining a first layer of homomorphic public-key encryption to secure locally stored data with a second layer that collect and compute a predefined set of aggregated statistics on user data in a secure environment using the homomorphic features of the encryption scheme. Finally, a third layer that adds differential privacy to control the dissemination of public information completes the approach. This way, citizens privacy is not compromised even in situations where naive release of the resulting aggregated data would have implicitly revealed information on a single user.


Histone methyltransferase NSD3 methylates histone 3 at lysine 36, leading to active gene transcription. NSD3 is found to be deregulated in various cancers, including hematological malignancies. However, the role of NSD3 in regulating normal hematopoietic differentiation to myeloid and lymphoid lineages is not clearly understood


strate that in naïve CD4 T cells from older individuals, mTORC1 activation instead occurs at late endosomes and depends on the amino acid transporter SLC7A5. Late endosomal mTORC1 impairs T cell lysosomal function, reducing the degradation of PD-1 and proliferative responses. Silencing VPS39, a gene that promotes late endosome formation, was able to increase the proliferation of aged human T cells and memory responses of lysosome-defective T cells in a mouse viral infection model, demonstrating that targeting late endosomal mTORC1 activity may improve T cell function. —CO Sci. Immunol. 6, eabg0791 (2021).


It is curious that Glastonbury abbey should have attracted more attention for its beginnings than for its ending. The no-man's-land between history, archaeology and legend, as misty and mysterious as the climate so often makes the abbey and its surroundings, has produced theory and counter-theory in abundance. In contrast, though the tragic deaths of abbot Whiting and his two companions have been described in minute detail a thousand times, little enough attention has been paid to the community which the king's visitors found so much difficulty in bringing to an end. This community, well enough documented to permit the identification of all its members over the last fifteen years of its life, reveals characteristics which stand in marked contrast to the general level of religious life in the years immediately before the dissolution.


How do students' previous experiences with online educational video shape their expectations of online learning in higher education?  Through this exploratory project, we look for ways to bridge the gap between student expectations and the norms of faculty practices in online instruction, which often include recorded video lectures.  Our literature review indicates the prevalence of online video in students' lives before they enroll in master's programs, and we argue that these prior encounters with online education form an understudied context for student learning in higher education.  Expert studies of U.S. online activity indicate the frequency with which users turn to YouTube for answers, and recognized online educational video companies from Complexly to Khan Academy to PBS Studios figure strongly in the resources that people turn to for online learning outside the academy.  By analyzing the norms of prominent online educational videos and the production companies that create them, we identify the rhetorical norms of this media.  One notable feature of online video production that students see before higher ed is that it is team-produced.  We direct attention, through practices identified in the literature and in our experiences in online educational settings, to ways that faculty can respond to this cultural gap to improve learning and instruction.  Understanding students' preceding experiences with online informational videos, collaboration, and drawing on university resources that support media production are among strategies faculty can use to bridge the expectations gap.


Submitted for the DPP13 Meeting of The American Physical Society Radial Localization of Toroidal Alfven Eigenmode in Tokamak Plasmas ZHIXUAN WANG, ZHIHONG LIN, WILLIAM HEIDBRINK, University of California, Irvine, BENJAMIN TOBIAS, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, MICHAEL VAN ZEELAND, General Atomics — Toroidal Alfven eigenmode (TAE) with radially extended structures can be driven unstable by pressure gradients of energetic particles (EP). These unstable Alfveneigenmodes (AE) have been routinely observed in fusion experiments to induce a large EP transport, whichcould degrade overall plasma confinement and damagefusion devices.In the well-accepted paradigm,the growth rate of the AEs can be calculated from a perturbative EP contribution to a fixedmode structure and real frequency given by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) properties of thermal plasmas. However, linear and nonlinear kinetic effects of both EP and thermal plasmasare important and should be treated on the same footing. The gyrokinetic simulation has thus emerged as anecessary and powerful tool for studying the linear andnonlinear dynamics of AEs. In the current work, the gyrokinetic toroidal code(GTC) linear simulation of the tokamakexperiment finds a radial localization of the TAE dueto the non-perturbative EP contribution. The EP-drivenTAE has a radial mode width much smaller than thatpredicted by the MHD theory. The TAE radial positionpeaks at and moves with the location of the strongest EPpressure gradients. Experimental data confirms that the eigenfunction drifts quicklyoutward radially. The non-perturbativeEP contribution also breaks the radial symmetry of the mode structure and induces a TAE frequency dependence on the toroidal mode number, in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. Zhixuan Wang University of California, Irvine Date submitted: 12 Jul 2013 Electronic form version 1.4


Effects of soil microorganism,temperature,moisture,soil texture,pH value,climate and CO2 concentration on the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter were summarized in this paper according to literature informations at home and abroad.Some questions were put forward about the study on the driving factors.


5 rock-type region was divided on the basis of distribution of rock type in Guizhou Province,those are carbonate rock region in central Guizhou,Neoproterozoic metamorphic rock region in eastern Guizhou,Weining-Hezhang basalt rock region in western Guizhou,Jurassic clastic rock region in northwest Guizhou and clastic rock region in southwest Guizhou.Laterization characteristic of 4 rock-types were studied respectively,the result shows that laterization of clastic rock region and metamorphic rock region are best,and laterization of basalt rock is well,laterization of carbonate rock region is weak.The content of trace element and rare earth element in soil of different rock laterization were studied,the result shows that basalt rock forming soil has highest content of trace element and rare earth element,clastic rock forming soil has high content of trace element and rare earth element,surface layer of carbonate rock forming soil has low content of trace element and rare earth element,but base layer soil presents highest content of trace element and rare earth element.Sometime,authors suggested that basalt rock forming soil plants potato very well.Because of carbonate rock forming surface soil is lack in nutrition element;it may be reason for karst environment weak.Metamorphic rock forming soil is lack in element,especially nutrition element.Therefore,metamorphic rock forming soil is bad for agriculture,but good for woody plant growing because of thickness weathering layer of metamorphic rock.


Changes in apple (Malus domestica Bork.) peel PSII photochemical process during fruit development under high solar radiation field conditions were analysed by the JIP-test to increase understanding on energy dissipation and susceptibility to photooxidative damage. Fruits growing exposed (E), non-exposed (NE) or suddenly exposed (SU) to high solar radiation were evaluated at three developmental stages. Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence transient (OJIP), were affected by high solar radiation and development. Minimum fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, maximum quantum yield of photochemistry, and specific fluxes per cross section decreased in E and SU fruits. JIP parameters were a sensitive indicator of high solar radiation stress in apple peel. Peroxidative damage was observed in E fruits at each stage of development and in SU fruits at early and mid-stages. By delineating the photochemical events induced by solar radiation in apple fruits at different developmental stages, our findings might help to increase understanding on susceptibility of apple to photooxidation damage depending on the light environment and developmental stage they are exposed to.


The evaluation of mass culture is a controversial question.To give the culture a reasonable evaluation,we must view it from a "people first" perspective rather than from an elitism perspective.The progressiveness of mass culture gives expression to the fact that mass culture has raised the main body position of the general public,that mass culture contains respect to people's perceptual desire.Although there are some defects in mass culture,its progressiveness demands that we should take a constructive attitute towards it.


To the Editor: It has been known for many years that there is a slight excess of breast cancer in the left breast compared to the right (1–3). The reason for this, however, is not understood. Previous studies have been hampered by small numbers or limited geographic or demographic populations. Since the laterality difference is quite small, it has been difficult to appreciate clinical or biologic characteristics associated with the left breast cancer predominance. The US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program is a population based tumor registry that has been maintained by the National Cancer Institute since 1973 and contains statistics on incidence and mortality of cancers in the USA. It increased from 9 to 13 registries in 1992 and increased to 18 registries in 2000, and currently covers 28% of the US population. Given the increase in coverage of the SEER data base, we sought to examine the laterality of breast cancer by examining over 1 million patients spanning the 36-year time period from 1973 to 2009. This large number of cases provides the statistical power to make meaningful conclusions about even very small effects. Breast cancer cases in men and women contained in the SEER data base during 1973–2009 were downloaded from the website (www.seer.cancer.gov, November 2011 submission). Cases from all 18 registries and all time periods were pooled. Patients with simultaneous bilateral breast cancers and patients with unknown laterality were excluded from the analysis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 19 (IBM, New York, NY). Univariable analysis was performed using chi-squared tests and multivariable analysis using logistic regression. Out of a total of 1,141,532 breast cancer cases analyzed, 582,192 (51.0%) occurred on the left side and 559,340 (49.0%) on the right side, making the overall left to right ratio (LRR) equal to 1.04. Both men and women had a LRR that was significantly greater than 1.00, and it was actually larger for men (1.08) than for women (1.04). However, the difference in left to right ratio between women and men was not statistically significant (p = 0.154). There were no significant differences in breast cancer laterality by racial/ethnic group. All groups had a LRR close to 1.04 except American Indian/Alaska Natives, and this was likely just due to small numbers. Left side excess of breast cancer was seen across all ages at diagnosis. There was, however, a significant increase in the left to right ratio per decade increase in age of diagnosis. The LRR was 1.02 for patients diagnosed under 50years old, 1.04 for patients diagnosed from 51 to 65 years old and 1.05 for those diagnosed above 65years old (p < 0.001). One of our most interesting findings was that the overall left sided predominance of breast cancer decreased over time (Table 1). The LRR fell from 1.06 in the 1970s to 1.03 in the 2000s. This is not because newly added registries had a lower LRR. Figure 1 shows laterality for all of the 18 SEER registries, and there was no significant difference by geographic area. Left sided predominance was significantly greater for high grade tumors and for hormone receptor negative tumors (Table 2). There was no difference, however, by tumor size or stage. Somewhat unexpectedly, the LRR was greater for in situ carcinomas than it was for invasive carcinoma. We entered all the factors found to be significantly associated with laterality on univariate analysis into a multivariate logistic regression model. Patient age at diagnosis (p < 0.001), invasiveness (p < 0.05), grade (p < 0.001), and PR status (p < 0.005) were all significant on multivariate analysis. Decade of diagnosis, however, was no longer significant. This implies that changes in tumor grade, receptor status, and patient Address reprint requests and correspondence to Dr. Donald R. Lannin, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520, USA, or e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


THE question of the proper treatment of bone tumors is one which has long been under consideration and one in which there has been considerable difference of opinion. Until quite recently, practically the only treatment considered was surgery and this usually meant radical amputation of the involved part. However, there has been a tendency to the less radical surgical treatment, especially of the benign bone tumors, since Bloodgood pointed out that many could be cured by simple curettage. Even in malignant cases, the field of surgery is very limited, as metastasis has usually occurred or cannot be prevented by the time the case is first seen. With the increasing advance in the science of radiation therapy in the treatment of all types of neoplasms, more attempts are being made to successfully treat bone tumors by radiation. The increasing reports of cases in the literature, especially the recent work of Herendeen (1) and of Palmer (2), show that advance is being made. The purpose of this paper is not to o...


In structure the Levan Ridge is an alluvial fan, or more correctly a series of alluvial fans which coalesce. In area it is about six miles long and from three and a half to four miles wide, embracing roughly twenty-four sections of land or approximately 15,000 acres. The highest part of the fan, the center at the east, has an altitude of 5,800 feet. From here it slopes gently to the west, north, and south. The north end, its lowest part, is 5,100 feet in altitude. Of the 15,007 acres on the Ridge, 13,464 acres are being dry-farmed. Because of rocky and sandy soil, or rough topography, most of the remaining land is classified as "other" or grazing land. Today this is the best known dryfarm region in Utah. This is due, for the most part, to the fact that a dry-farm experimental station has been maintained there continuously since 1903. Because of this farm, practices on the Ridge are uniform and progressive. In addition, it is a small compact area, located on a main line railroad connecting the region with a seaboard market. Neighboring counties furnish smaller local markets. Natural factors, too, in the form of deep clay loam soil and rainfall sufficient for dryfarming have aided in making the Levan Ridge outstanding. This dry-farm region is favored in many ways. Not only are the physical conditions conducive to raising crops without irrigation but many cultural factors also are favorable. The most


Raytheon and the Northeastern Illinois Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) have developed a prototype personal rapid transit (PRT) system. The system, PRT 2000 employs four passenger vehicles on an elevated guideway to provide direct origin to destination travel. A test track has been constructed at Raytheon's Marlborough, Massachusetts facility, and the program is currently proceeding through its testing phase. This test track is being used to demonstrate and prove the design for the mechanical, structural and control designs of the large scale PRT system. In the follow-on phase, a multi-loop, 7 station system is planned for deployment in Rosemont, IL, a business community just outside of Chicago's O'Hare airport. This paper describes the automatic control system that manages the driverless vehicles. The functional breakdown and responsibilities of the control subsystems are discussed, as well as the computer architecture and data communications.


As increasing evidences suggest that tumor-infiltrating immune cells do influence tumor development. In this study, the expression of intratumoral neutrophils, CD3+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry from 207 specimens from patients with CRC following resection. Prognostic values for immunoscore were evaluated. The results showed decreased CD3+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, immunoscore, and increased neutrophils were all significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, immunoscore was not only an independent prognostic factor for DFS and OS, but also more advantageous over the use of current tumor staging (AJCC/UICC-TNM classification) for DFS (HR, 3.394; 95% CI, 2.209 to 5.213; P < 0.001 and HR, 1.275; 95% CI, 1.048 to 1.550; P = 0.015) and OS (HR, 3.904; 95% CI, 2.492 to 6.117; P < 0.001 and HR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.423 to 2.114; P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed the immunoscore to be the better predictor to TNM stages. Our data indicate that immunoscore is a strong independent prognostic factor, which may better predict the outcome for CRC patients.


Chapter 1 Introduction: Terrorism and American Foreign Relations Chapter 2 The Barbary Pirates: Terrorist Tormentors of the Early Republic Chapter 3 A Question of Character: The Mailed Fist of the Nineteenth Century Chapter 4 A Study in Contradition: Theodore Roosevelt's Responses to Hostage Crises Chapter 5 At Risk in War and Revolution: Bargaining with the Soviet Union Chapter 6 Trial in Mukden: Hostages of the Chinese Communists Chapter 7 The Pueblo Crisis: Hostages of North Korea Chapter 8 Revolutionaries in Control: Hostages of Iran Chapter 9 Dealing with Brigands and Believers: An Appraisal Chapter 10 Appendix: Major Hostage Incidents in U.S. History


Several models are developed to map reasonably arbitrary application problems to computing platforms for achieving high performance by minimizing communication and by balancing computation. In our models, we assume that the underlying applications be appropriately decomposed to subtasks with known computational loads and the inter-subtask communicational demands, and assume that the computing system's specifications such as individual processor speed and inter-processor communication cost be given or easily measurable. Therefore, the model abstracting the application as a demand matrix and the computer as a network supply matrix can be designed with the objective function as minimum time to complete the application on the given computer. An application, 2D wave equation, was introduced to test our models on the BG/L supercomputer. The mappings generated by our models, reduced communication by 104% for 3D-mesh and 44% for 3D-torus over the default MPI rank order mapping.


This study Do & Kim(2015) as follow-up study of research, The brand extension (bedding) were selected based on the concept of the Shilla Hotel (Symbolic brand concept) and Lotte Hotel(Functional brand concept). It was to verify the differences in consumer attitudes according to extension brand's concept and customer benefit. The results were as follows. 1) Even though the original brand concept is functional, consumers pursued a symbolic benefits (functional benefit) is symbolically expanded ad (functional extension ads) is higher for the ad and purchasing attitudes. 2) Even though the original brand concept is symbolic, consumers pursued a functional benefits (symbolic benefit) is functionally expanded ad (symbolic extension ads) is higher for the ad and purchasing attitudes. These results are believed to provide practical guidelines by reflecting the expected benefit to the consumer brand extension research, overcoming the limitations of traditional brand extension research, and at the same time to extend corporate brand strategy.


This article explores antecedents and outcomes of group-level person-group (PG) fit perceptions. Based on the categorization-elaboration model (CEM), the authors explain how social category (gender and age) and informational diversity (education and work experience) in work teams may elicit supplementary and complementary fit perceptions among team members. The authors then examine two mechanisms through which perceived fit might influence leader-rated group performance. Supplementary fit (similarity on values) is hypothesized to work through a relationship-oriented mechanism by influencing social cohesion. Complementary fit (abilities meet job demands) is expected to work through a task-oriented mechanism by influencing the teams' transactive memory systems. Participants include employees (N = 1,101) and leaders (N = 116) from 116 work teams in two private firms located in Seoul, Korea. Results generally support the hypothesized relationships, with the task-oriented mechanism being more influential of group performance. Post hoc analyses also suggest that a superordinate perception of PG fit may underlie the assessments of the more specific types of fit. The authors conclude that diversity within groups influences an emergent perception of group-level fit, having related supplementary and complementary components, which in turn are associated with group-level outcomes.


Objective To investigate the value of lipase, CRP and IL-8 in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Methods 20 non-pancreatic disease patients were used as control group and 36 patients of acute pancreatitis was divided into severe acute pancreation (SAP) group and minimal acute pancreation (MAP) group. All patients were drawn blood sample to measure serum level of lipase, CRP and IL-8. Results Lipase level of acute pancreatitis patients is higher than non-pancreatic disease patients. Compare to MAP group, CRP and IL-8 is higher in SAP group. Conclusion Lipase can be use to diagnose acute pancreatitis and CRP, IL-8 are both good item to evaluate prognosis.


With the increase of working parents, childcare issues are emerging as a critical policy agenda. Though paternity/parental leave systems exist, they...


Since the loss of Columbia on February 1, 2003, the Space Shuttle Program (SSP) has significantly improved the understanding of launch and ascent debris, implemented hardware modifications to reduce debris, and conducted tests and analyses to understand the risks associated with expected debris. The STS-114 flight rationale for expected debris relies on a combination of all three of these factors. A number of design improvements have been implemented to reduce debris at the source. The External Tank (ET) thermal protection system (TPS) foam has been redesigned and/or process improvements have been implemented in the following locations: the bipod closeout, the first ten feet of the liquid hydrogen (LH2) tank protuberance air load (PAL) ramp, and the LH2 tank-to-intertank flange closeout. In addition, the forward bipod ramp has been eliminated and heaters have been installed on the bipod fittings and the liquid oxygen (LO2) feedline forward bellows to prevent ice formation. The Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) bolt catcher has been redesigned. The Orbiter reaction control system (RCS) thruster cover "butcher paper" has been replaced with a material that sheds at a low velocity. Finally, the pad area has been cleaned to reduce debris during lift-off.


The euparine genus Cnematoplatys Schmidt, with seven species, is reviewed, including one species, C. yorkensis described as new. The generic diagnosis is revised, a lectotype of the type species, C. benardi Schmidt, is designated, a key to the species is provided and pertinent morphological details are illustrated. All data on taxonomy and available data on distribution are given, and a cladistic analysis is included to test the monophyly of the genus.


Amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (AOSTFTs) with SiO2 and Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxides (IGZO) as dielectric and semiconductor layers respectively, are characterized in the temperature range between 300 and 400 K. The behavior of the threshold voltage, mobility factor and saturation coefficient is analyzed as function of temperature. It is shown that, using the Unified Model and Extracted Method (UMEM), the output characteristics of the devices in the linear region can be well modeled at different temperatures. This is done determining the extracted model parameters at 300 K and taking into account the law of variation with temperature for each parameter, corresponding to the specific fabrication technology of the devices. In the saturation region, an abnormal reduction of the drain current is observed. This effect has to be further studied and the representation of its behavior incorporated to the model.


The authors present some monotonous properties and concavity and convexity properties of certain functions defined in terms of the generalized Agard distortion functionηK(a,x),from which some inequalities about ηK(a,x),λ(a,K) follow.


ABSTRACT Analysing the contents of magazines published with the stated intention of conveying information about science and technology to the public provides a mechanism for evaluation what counted as 'popular science'. This article presents numerical surveys of the contents of three magazines published in inter-war Britain (Discovery, Conquest and Armchair Science) and offers an evaluation of the results. The problem of defining relevant topic-categories is addressed, both direct and indirect strategies being employed to ensure that the topics correspond to what the editors and publishers took to be the principal areas of science and technology of interest to their readers. Analysis of the results of the surveys reveals different editorial policies depending on the backgrounds of the publishers and their anticipated readerships. The strong focus of the two most populist magazines on applied science and 'hobbyist' topics such as natural history, radio and motoring is noted and contrasted with the very limited coverage of theoretical science. In conclusion, a survey of changes in the contents over the periods of publication is used to identify trends in the coverage of science during this period.


It is very important to develop the higher efficiency and ecological agriculture in Shanghai,China by using the experience of development of greenhouse horticulture in the Netherlands.There were highlights of horticultural production in Holland.Facilities and e- quipments were used in developing of greenhouse production chains and trade chains instead of labor.Eurep-GAP was used in order to build up the food quality and safety management systems.The concepts of talent innovation and the market-oriented production devel- oped the achievements both in agricultural production and in ecological protection.The agriculture took the roles of production,environ- mental construction,entertainment and cultural Inheritance.To develop modern agriculture and horticulture innovation in Shanghai,we suggested that the industrial technology is useful to increase production quality and quantity effectively instead of laboring.Greenport constructions are necessary for food production and environmental protection.With the application of high technology,agricultural envi- ronment and resource stress are decreased.Agricultural products are safely produced by using the CHINA-GAP standardization systems. By Greenport design and agricultural commercial chains,Shanghai will give a good service both in national and international.Knowledge innovation ability is very important for the development of sustainable agriculture.


The purpose of this study is 1) to determine the effect of good corporate governance (audit committee, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and proportion of independent commissioners) and company size simultaneously on financial performance 2) to determine the effect of the audit committee on financial performance 3) to determine the influence managerial ownership of financial performance 4) to determine the effect of institutional ownership on financial performance 5) to determine the effect of the proportion of independent commissioners on financial performance and 6) to determine the effect of firm size on financial performance. The data collection method used in this study is documentation. While the data analysis method used is testing classical assumptions, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination. Based on the results of testing the first hypothesis using the simultaneous significance test it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of the audit committee, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and the proportion of independent commissioners and company size simultaneously on financial performance so that the first hypothesis is accepted. The results of testing the second hypothesis can be concluded that there is no significant effect of the audit committee on financial performance so that the second hypothesis is rejected. The results of testing the third hypothesis can be concluded that there is no significant effect managerial ownership of financial performance so that the third hypothesis is rejected truth. The results of testing the fourth hypothesis can be concluded that there is no significant effect of institutional ownership on financial performance so that the fourth hypothesis is rejected. The results of testing the fifth hypothesis can be concluded that there is a significant effect the proportion of independent commissioners on financial performance so that the fifth hypothesis is accepted. The results of testing the sixth hypothesis can be concluded that there is no significant effect of company size on financial performance so that the sixth hypothesis is rejected. Keywords: audit committee, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, proportion of independent commissioners, company size, financial performance


The financial management ideas of ancient China have a long history with rich connotation.They are of important and realistic significance for China's economic development and social progress. Being in a new period of reform and opening up,China should draw experiences and lessons from the history when it starts financial reform.


Early in intrauterine life, the allantois is given off from the posterior end of the primitive intestine; its walls are composed of entoderm and mesoderm provided by the hind end of the primitive groove posterior to the anal membrane. The anal membrane consists of ectoderm and entoderm, i. e., it has no mesodermic tissue. As the anal membrane becomes curled forward to form in conjunction with the lateral infoldings of the embryo the hypogastrium and to contract the umbilical opening, the junction of the intra-embryonal and extra-embryonal portions of the allantois is contracted. A spur of tissue exists between the allantois and the yolk sac or umbilical vesicle. This spur increases and grows backwards through the primitive intestine until it divides the primitive gut into an upper part (intestine) and a lower part, continuous with the allantois, which forms the urinary bladder. Thus the walls of the bladder are formed,


ABSTRACT Propolis is a widely used medicinal product sourced by bees from vegetation that may be frequently irrigated with herbicides. Exposure to herbicides can affect bees' health and the quality of commercial propolis. The objective of this study was to calculate the concentrations of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), picloram and atrazine in different types of propolis from Brazil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four types of propolis (brown, green, red, and yellow) were evaluated for a total of 19 samples. Of these types of propolis, 47% tested positive for the herbicides atrazine (5 to 17.4 µg/g) and AMPA (10.2 to 11.3 µg/g). No samples were reported to be positive for glyphosate; however, the presence of AMPA indicates its existence. The concentrations observed in this study are less than international maximum-residue-level standards.


In this paper, a one-dimensional (1D) line imager based on a single pixel detector is proposed. A cyclic S-matrix is used to construct the MEMS encoding mask. Compressive sensing (CS), which can reduce the sampling points requirement, is used to successfully recover the line image. The proposed imaging principle might be useful in optical spectrometers.


This study was conducted to know the quality of chou made with flour pastes which were stored at different conditions of quick freezing, slow freezing, cold and room temperature. Also, this study included investigation of the chou properties such as expansion, sensory evaluation, degree of gelatinization, and physical and structural properties of paste were observed. There were not significant differences m diameter, height, volume, appearance, hollow formation, and sensory evaluation between the chou made with the paste stored at freezing condition and chou directly baked after pasting. Quick and slow freezing storages did not significantly affect the properties of chou, and the same results were obtained among the chou made with pastes thawed at room temperature and in microwave ovenrange. The chou of pastes stored at room temperature and in microwave ovenrange. The chou of pastes stored at room temperature and stored in refrigerator showed lowed expansion and value of sensory evaluation than those of frozen pastes. The paste stored at room temperature had the lowest hardness and viscosity compared with the other storage conditions. According to the observation of light microscope. the lipid bodies of the paste of freezing storage smaller those of the room temperature and refrigerator storage. The expantion of chou made with paste stored at room temperature was greatly decreased due to the high coalescence of lipid bodies, and also the paste components such as lipid, starch granule gluten at room temperature had inferior dispersion condition. The general tendency of the degree of gelatinization of chou were low in all treatments of paste. The values were 23.5%~46.0% in freezing, 77.3% in room temperature, 68.7% in directly baked after pasting, and 61.0% in cold storage, respectively. The formation and the taste of chou made with frozen paste were similar to those of chou directly baked pasting.


This thesis is a study of selected aspects of Australian
environmentalism during the period 1960-1980. By analysing a number
of case-studies of environmental conflict, the aim is to discover some
characteristics of the Australian conservation movement and to determine
what influence, if any, eco-activists have exerted on the reform of
resource management practices of public authorities and private corporations.
Environmentalism is here defined as a social and political movement
involving specific sets of beliefs about the relationship of man and Nature,
generally antipathetical to existing modes of technology and natural
resources utilisation.
The opening three chapters of the thesis are devoted to an examination
of various types of environmentalism and their outward manifestation as
political action by voluntary conservation groups. It is argued that
community environmental organisations face a number of internal stresses
arising from variations in values and ideology, the loose affiliation of
members, reliance upon voluntary effort, diverse organisational structures
and leadership styles, as well as lack of financial resources. Yet high
motivation, cadres of dedicated activists and unorthodox tactics, create
strong survival capacity. In order to achieve political influence through
lobbying, persuasion, bargaining and coercion, such groups must penetrate
key decision processes, yet conform to the norms of the socio-political
culture, or else achieve a weight of public opinion favourable to their
cause.


STEREOCHEMISTRY OF GAMMA-AMINO-BETA-HYDROXY ACIDS OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ORIGIN By Alejandro B. Preciado The following dissertation will discuss my contribution to research in the area of structure elucidation, specifically dealing with the configurational assignment of γamino-β-hydroxy acid derivatives. Our investigations have unveiled a simple H NMR methodology useful for assigning the relative configuration of the intact moiety. In an effort to validate a general method for the complete configurational assignment of statine derivatives, we have performed an extensive time course study on the hydrolysis rates of the statine derivatives. These investigations have led us to propose a reliable, general and optimal approach for complete configurational assignment of the most common naturally occurring statine derivatives. Finally, a total synthesis of the stictamide A and B and evaluation of biological activities are presented. The synthesis of these natural products provides evidence to support of the originally proposed structures and expands the scope of the H NMR methodology useful for assigning the configuration of statine derivatives.


Outcome based education, a competence based approach at the cutting edge of curriculum development, offers a powerful and appealing way of reforming and managing medical education. The emphasis is on the product that is to say what sort of doctor will be producted rather than on the educational process. In outcome based education, the outcomes are clearly and unambiguously specified such as Tyler's curriculum design. The design of outcome based curriculum plans in the opposite direction, starting with the good doctor and working backwards. Outcome based curriculum offers many advantages as a way of achieving this. It emphasises relevance in the curriculum and accountability and can provide a clear and unambiguous framework for curriculum planning which has an intuitive appeal. It encourages the faculty and student to share responsibility for learning and it can guide the assessment.


Abstract This paper presents the recent activities performed by Astrium to design Guidance Navigation Control systems for European Formation Flying missions: PROBA 3, SIMBOL-X, Darwin and Pegase. These missions cover a wide range of formation flying needs from medium accuracy mission (astronomy) up to high accuracy (interferometry). For each class of mission the paper gives an overview of the major system requirements, the trade-off for the GNC architecture definition, the proposed GNC design and the assessment of the performances.


An enhanced secretion of LH and FSH was observed in two patients with hypothalamic hypogonadism following treatment with nocturnal s.c. administration of LH-RH. Using portable infusion pumps two forms of therapy were used for 9 nights with a two months interval in between: A) continuous nocturnal s.c. LH-RH; B) pulsatile nocturnal s.c. LH-RH with administration of a bolus dose at 90 min intervals. Both therapeutical regimens induced a rise in the 8:00 h concentrations of LH. The secretory response of LH during an infusion of LH-RH (200 micrograms i.v.; t = 4 hours) was increased after both forms of therapy, whereas FSH secretion was enhanced only after the pulsatile mode of LH-RH application.


xii Acknowledgements xiii Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 Observing Social Contexts 2 The Question Unfolds 4 The Framework 5 Data Collection – Methods, Ethics and Sequence 8 Methods 9 Case selection 11 Source material 12 Respondent typologies 13 Ethical considerations 15 Thesis outline 16 Chapter One: Strategies and Literature 19 Part I – Strategies and Practice 19 Intervention to build a peace 20 Part II – The Literature 28 Format – The State as the vehicle of social order and delivery 29 Substance The 'Right Values' Equals 'State's Rights' 36 State obsession 46 The failing view of 'the local' 49 Conclusions 50 Chapter Two: Towards a framework for viewing socio-political dynamics 55 Part I 56 Social Interest Formation and Interaction 58 Summary 69 Part II 72 Modes of mobilisation: social forces and social agents 73 Social agents 75 Social forces 78 The meeting of 'the local' and external intervention 85 Situational logics 89 Subversion and co-optation 92 Conclusions 95 Chapter Three: Somaliland – Under the Shade of the Meeting Tree 97 Actuated institutions and roles 97 Modes of mobilisation 101 Modes of mobilisation: social agents 104 Modes of mobilisation: social forces 109 The meeting of the local and external 120 How situational logics are seen and approached 124 Conclusions 131 Chapter Four: Afghanistan – In the Shadows of Mountains 135 Actuated institutions and roles 136 Modes of Mobilisation 139 Modes of mobilisation: social agents 145 Modes of mobilisation: social forces 148 The Meeting of the Local and External 164 Conclusions 169 Chapter Five: Conclusions 172 What it Means 176 Possible Weaknesses and Critiques 182 What does it add? 185 Bibliography 188 Online Press reports 203 Interviews 204


The invention provides a dextromethorphan hydrobromide oral dispersible film agent. The film agent comprises dextromethorphan hydrobromide, polacrilin or polacrilin potassium with grain diameter of 50-150mu m, a film forming agent, a plasticizer, a disintegrating agent, a wetting agent and water, wherein dextromethorphan hydrobromide and polacrilin or polacrilin potassium form a dextromethorphan hydrobromide compound, and the weight ratio of dextromethorphan hydrobromide to polacrilin or polacrilin potassium is 1:1-1:2, and preferably 1:1.3-1:1.5; the film forming agent comprises hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E3 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E50. The invention also provides a preparation method of the dextromethorphan hydrobromide oral dispersible film agent. The dextromethorphan hydrobromide oral dispersible film agent can well solve the problem of poor taste of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, is particularly suitable for children and old patients, and can remarkably improve the compliance of patients. An oral film tablet is nicer by an optimal preparation method.


In June 2009, when farmers were at last considered in the USA climate bill, attention was belatedly directed at agriculture's potential for a major contribution to carbon emission reductions. The official line (Department of Climate Change, 2009) ignores the environmental effect of traditional farming methods in terms of desertification, soil degradation, water management and warming. Alternative uses of fossil fuels as agricultural inputs could help mitigate the impact on rural exports. Here is a blueprint to save and restore Australia's water and land resources, with a new approach to reducing carbon emissions.


Sphaerogypsina anatolica n.sp. (Foraminifera), is described from the shallow water sediments of Lutetian age in the vi- cinity of Andrn town, west of Kahramanmara city (southeastern Turkey). The new species may be distinguished from the other known species by its coarse perforate wall, spiral early chambers, two layered chamber walls and coarse inner structure.


Assuming that the indicatrix of light scattering at all phase angles (including the region of opposition <5◦) variesfor the same law, the values of the parameter g for different areas on the lunar surface. The value of g lies in therange 0,26g60,7 and 0,7936p60,968.


The objectives of the study were to determine the impact of curve sawing on lumber recovery and sawing variation, the effectiveness of manual log rotation, and the effect of log characteristics and operating parameters on lumber recovery from curve sawing.


After three weeks of rain, the soil beneath a stand of aspen mixedwood that is slated to be cut in the coming weeks, is wet. The soil is a coarse, loamy sand, suggesting little concern over soil compaction by machinery...right? A similar forest, one hundred kilometers to the west, is underlain by a fine-textured soil – a clay loam. Would there be cause to worry here? The short answer to these questions is that while soil texture matters, it's not that simple. Coarse-textured soils (e.g. sandy loams) do not necessarily imply an absence of compaction with harvesting. Nor are clay-rich soils inevitably an immediate cause for concern. There is no doubt that texture influences soil compaction potential—but how? Is it always predictable? This note looks at the current research on Highlights


Myiasis, understood as the infestation of living vertebrate tissues by dipteran larvae, is usually considered to be linked with tropical and subtropical areas. Nevertheless, it may occur all over the world, causing serious damage to the welfare and the economy of livestock and wild fauna. In Europe it is commonly caused by species of the families Oestridae, Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Muscidae (Diptera), among others. This is the first recorded case of myiasis by Musca autumnalis De Geer, 1776 in cattle in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. An immature specimen was extracted from a cow and identified at the species level, using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode region (COI, 658 bp), as M. autumnalis. Additionally, the specimen confirms the presence of this species in the south of the Basque Country, extending its known distribution area from the Atlantic watershed, with an oceanic climate, to the transition zone, with a sub-mediterranean climate.


Tailoring the surface chemistry of gold nanorods is a key factor for successful applications in biology, catalysis, and sensing. Here, we report on the use of the diazonium salt chemistry for the functionalization of gold nanorods enabling the formation of strongly attached organic layers around the gold cores. The precise nature of the interface between the gold surface and the diazonium-derived aryl layers was probed by XPS, ToF-SIMS, SERS, and DFT. It was shown that the CTAB surfactant was partially exchanged by the diazonium salt which dediazonizes spontaneously to form Au–C covalent bonds with the surface. Interestingly, the silver used during the synthesis of gold nanorods and still present at their surface appears to be also involved in the grafting mechanism with Ag–C covalent bonds detected by ToF-SIMS. From this result, it is clear that the interfacial properties and reactivity of gold nanorods synthesized by the silver(I)-assisted seed mediated growth approach are strongly influenced by the pre...


: T he present paper reviews the general usability framework chat has domi nated discussion in the field of human-computer inreraccion (HCI) and finds it wanting. An alternative view of the important determinants of user experience of interactive devices is presented with examples.


This paper, first published in 2005, examines the tensions and key groups involved in the cultural struggles that underpinned the awarding of the 2008 Olympic Games to Beijing. In doing so, attention is drawn to broader questions concerning global sport and Olympism, globalization and geopolitical issues, and Sino-Western civilizational struggles. The impact on global sport of the intercultural relations evident in the 'flame relay' prior to the games in 2008, and evident in the Beijing Olympics themselves, is yet to be fully assessed. While the security arrangements surrounding mega-events, such as in the lead up to London 2012 have become ever tighter, such issues are symptoms of these wider set of dilemmas regarding global relations. These dilemmas concern the emergent global, cultural, economic and political figuration of the twenty-first century. Insights to such issues can be gained from a process-sociological perspective – the study of London 2012 may well prove no exception.


The invention relates to a pressure sensing module (100) comprising a receiving part (110) for receiving a carrier substrate (200), wherein the supporting substrate (200) is provided on a first side (210) with a pressure detecting means (240), wherein the supporting substrate (200) facing away from one of the first side (210) second side (220) in the receiving part (110) is inserted and wherein the backing substrate (200) facing away from its from the first side (210) second side (220) at a bottom (120 ) is set to a receiving depression (112). In order to build the pressure sensing module (100) as small as possible, and easy and inexpensive it is provided that the receiving part (110) of plate-shaped with the receiving depression (112) and a receiving trough rotating (112) flange (114) is formed and the bottom (120) has a contacting opening (130) through the contact hole to the exposed contact surfaces (208) of the carrier substrate (200) are electrically contacted. The invention also relates to a pressure sensor device (500) having a pressure sensing module (100).