This article will argue that there is a policy crisis in relation to the hand ling of what is perceived as Naxalite/ Maoist violence in the country. The crisis stems from mistaking the consequence for the cause. Maoist violence in the country is the consequence of nonperformance on the basic issues related to tribal develop ment as laid out in our Constitution. It may be more accurate to say that it is state violence and structural violence that is provoking Maoist counterviolence in the country. The issues in this regard are brought out briefly and clearly in the re  cent letter by B D Sharma, former Com missioner for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), to the president of India (Sharma 2010). A consequent organ isational, managerial and information cri sis exists in the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), once the nodal agency for the de velopment and protection of SCs and STs though it is now exclusively concerned with law and order matters. 1 Constitution and


In this paper, an array antenna for LOS datalink for mounting UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) of low-probability of intercept is presented. For low RCS, radome was designed by conformal form, and other components were inserted into the UAV. The antenna of the transmitter and receiver are each composed of 12×12 array antennas, and include a beam steering function by controlling the phase of the unit element for the Uni-directional pattern and the Bi-directional pattern. As a result of the measurement of the manufactured antenna, it was confirmed that all the required specifications were met, and the installing possibility of the UAV platform on low-probability of intercept in the future was confirmed.


The present invention relates to a control method for a series hybrid energy-tractor, a traction motor to the engine, to a diesel engine / generator system as the primary energy source to the battery pack or the battery / supercapacitor group economy as auxiliary energy systems, diesel / generator under operation, the primary energy source system sends an electrical power value, driving the traction motors efficient operation, when the power value is greater than the traction motor demand for electric power from the auxiliary power system stores surplus electric power; when the auxiliary energy system SOC value above the set value, the main energy system stops working, the auxiliary energy supply system can be individually; the present invention in a diesel engine / generator power demand rather than a tractor power supply in the economy, diesel engine / generator always runs on diesel fuel consumption minimum effective near the operating point, high energy efficiency, low fuel consumption, to achieve energy saving.


This article discusses certain issues related with science and its internal ramifications from the viewpoint ofcapitalist production, based on a rationale oriented fundamentally by the combination of capitalist globalizationand the monopolization of technical and scientific knowledge. Man, having become an object of himself, is incapableof reflecting on himself and his practices, even though he may have developed refined mechanisms forunderstanding reality. The debate reveals the possibility of thinking about certain aspects of the training of youngresearchers in the field of the humanities, such as the lack of discussion of the boundaries and reach of scientificexercise. Thus, one suggests the idea of imaginative research as a means to acquisition of knowledge, reflection andtheoretical clarification.KEY WORDS


There are many surgical techniques described for the deltoid ligament and spring ligament reconstruction in the treatment of a collapsing flatfoot. In some cases, addressing these ligaments may offer a way to treat a collapsing flatfoot that preserves the talonavicular and subtalar joints. Preservation of these joints may lead to better outcomes for patients, as their functionality is not limited by hindfoot fusions. Preliminary evidence suggests that patients, when properly selected for, show good long-term outcomes after undergoing surgical reconstruction of those ligaments. The technique for spring ligament and deltoid ligament reconstruction in cases of collapsing flatfoot deformity is described in this article. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level V—Expert Opinion. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Background Substance use among college and university students remains an important area of research due to the implications of early substance dependence on the future of the youth. University students may be at high risk for using illicit substances during university Life. Entering the university, often leads to new opportunities, independence from family control, self decision making, and peer-pressures to use or abuse alcohol or other drugs. Results Life time, past 12 months and current prevalence of Alcohol drinking was reported to be 50.7%, 43% & 26.1% respectively among Ambo university students. Lifetime prevalence of khat chewing was 36.1% and 18% of the respondents currently chewing khat. Male students were about two times more likely to current alcohol user as compared to female students (AOR2.26, 95% CI 1.27, 4.03). The presence of family members who drink alcohol, chew chat and smoke cigarette was significantly associated with alcohol using with AOR 7.83,95% CI 4.64-13.20) as well as Students with substance user (i.e, alcohol ,Khat & cigarette ) friends were at higher risk of life time drinkers (AOR 5.22,95% CI 2.63-10.39) when compared to those whose friends are non user of substance. Methods Institution based cross -sectional quantitative study design involving the administration of Amharic version of the pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on alcohol use and khat chewing.  The source population was stratified based on their year of study. The study population was selected using simple random sampling technique Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use and khat chewing in the present study particularly the lifetime prevalence was high compared to previous study on the similar study population


Students from two classes of the ISEC program at Baotou Normal University participated in a general education course in environmental science and technology called "BYOD+ Flipped Classroom". Course content is mainly pushed by the platform of Blue Moyun class. Students use their own devices (smart phones) to participate in online learning and interaction of the course. The teaching team uses the mixed method of "BYOD+ flipped classroom" for teaching design and implementation. Student questionnaires show that students' knowledge has expanded, survey and other curriculum activities have increased, and their grades have improved. The data of group interview shows that students have a good learning experience of this learning mode and a positive view of the teaching mode of "BYOD+ Flipped classroom". The average score of students who implemented the "BYOD+ flipped classroom" hybrid teaching method was 85.18% (2017), while the average score of students who implemented the traditional teaching method was 81.39% (2016). In 2017, the average course evaluation score of "BYOD+ Flipped Classroom" students was 96.8/100, compared with 93.74/100 under the previous traditional teaching model. It can be seen from the group interview that, first of all, students have obtained a better learning experience, and secondly, students' attitude towards the ecological environment has changed. 2672-815X © 2023 Published by European Publisher.


This chapter describes Wizard of Oz studies and gives a historical view that includes a summary of the literature in which several studies that used the method with mobile technology are discussed. The use of Wizard of Oz for mobile applications is explored by referencing the literature and by examination of a case study. A taxonomy for Wizard of Oz studies is presented that has been derived from a study of the literature in this area. A set of guidelines is presented that outlines the essential considerations in planning a Wizard of Oz study for mobile applications. The chapter concludes with some thoughts for future Wizard of Oz studies.


In this study, the flow behavior of a novel high entropy alloy, (FeNi)67Cr15Mn10Al5Ti3, was investigated through isothermal compression performed at temperature range of 980–1100 °C using strain rates of 0.01 s−1 and 0.1 s−1. The alloy was mainly composed of a face-centered cubic (FCC) phase and a small amount of body-centered cubic (BCC) phase. During deformation, the alloy exhibited typical single-peak type flow curve at all testing conditions. The stress exponent was determined to be ~5.5 with an apparent activation energy of ~426 kJ/mol, which indicated that dislocation creep was the rate-controlling process. Metallurgical inspection revealed that due to the plastic incompatibility of the two phases, the deformation is non-uniform especially at lower temperature and higher strain rate. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) intensively occurred in both phases, but the recrystallization seemed to be much easier in the BCC phase. Dense low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) were produced as a consequence of CDRX. At a lower strain rate, the LAGB ratio was evidently decreased with the increasing temperature. The sub-grain size was sensitive to the deformation parameter especially at a high temperature and low strain rate. A low temperature and high strain rate were beneficial for grain refinement but a much higher straining was required.


Tissue culture of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) represented the promising strategy for production of its valuable compound, paclitaxel, but one of the most important problems is initial callus browning in its callus culture. To obtain healthy callus cells of C. avellana, three different culture media, Murashige and Skoog (MS), Nas and Read (NRM), and Driver and Koniuki (DKW), in combination with 500 mg dm-3 citric acid, 500 mg dm-3 acetic acid, and 500 mg dm-3 polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied. These cultures were passed two sub-cultures in the same media. Also, a novel modified sub-culture system was designed and compared to routine techniques. The sub-culture system was changed as following: the induced calli were transferred to a liquid media with the same composition and after developing the cell suspension, the cells were immobilized on a solid medium. In the first experiment, it was demonstrated that the medium compositions had an effect on the growth rate and callus browning reduction although they could not eliminate the browning. The results have shown that the highest growth indices were related to NRM with 500 mg dm-3 acetic acid + 500 mg dm-3 citric acid and to NRM with 500 mg dm-3 PVP in the first culture. These media had the least amount of browning (9.15 %). In the two next sub-cultures, NRM without additives had the maximum growth rate and the lowest browning was observed on the same media as in the first subculture (13.3 %). The technique of modified sub-cultures increases growth rate ten times in comparison with routine cultivation method.


Resistance to antimalarial drugs is increasing nearly everywhere in the tropical world, confounding global attempts to "Roll Back Malaria". Antimalarial treatment with artemisinin, artesunate, or artemether has proved rapidly effective in the treatment of non complicated and complicated malaria and remarkably nontoxic. However there is a number of important questions that still need urgent attention: Should artemisinin be deployed alone or in combination with other antimalarial drugs such mefloquine or other compound (s); which is the best regimen (s); can artemisinin and its derivatives (artesunate or artemether) reduce the mortality in severe malaria and which is the best drug(s); are there important neurotoxic side effects in patients treated with this group of antimalarial drugs. In order to answer those questions a series of studies were conducted in Vietnam and these form the basis of this thesis. The conclusion is 1/ Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is an inexpensive, safe, highly efficacious fixeddose antimalarial combination treatment that could make an important contribution to the control of multidrug-resistant fa1ciparum malaria for Vietnan1 and other countries. 2/ Artemether is a satisfactory alternative to quinine for the treatment of severe malaria in adults. The rectal administration of artemisinin would obviollsly constitute a useful therapeutic advance, in comparing with parenteral drugs such as artemether and artesunate, particularly in areas where parenteral administration is difficult. 3/ The artemisinin derivatives have an acceptable safety profile. 4/ Viet Nam has shown that it is possible to "Roll Back Malaria" assuming one has access to good drugs and a willingness to implement change. Those studies have helped to confirm that the qinghaosu (artemisinin) group of drugs is the most important new class of antimalarials developed in the last fifty years.


Gene Network Inference (GNI) algorithms enable searching the interactions among the several cell molecules. Many application fields such as computational biology and pharmacology utilize the GNI algorithms to illustrate the interaction networks of the cell molecules. Association score estimation is the most crucial step of the GNI applications. B-spline is a popular approach, which efficiently estimates the interaction scores between the variable (gene) pairs. In this study inference performance of the B-spline estimator according to the selected spline order is examined. In addition to evaluating B-spline performance according to the spline order, influences of using a frequently used pre-processing operation Copula Transform on the performance of B-spline is also examined. Conservative Causal Core network (C3NET) GNI algorithm is used in the experiments. At the overall analysis, B-spline estimator with the spline order 2 gave the best inference performance among the selected spline orders from 1 to 10.


Selecting an appropriate learning rate for efficiently training deep neural networks is a difficult process that can be affected by numerous parameters, such as the dataset, the model architecture or even the batch size. In this work, we propose an algorithm for automatically adjusting the learning rate during the training process, assuming a gradient descent formulation. The rationale behind our approach is to train the learning rate along with the model weights. Specifically, we formulate first and second-order gradients w.r.t. the learning rate as functions of consecutive weight gradients, leading to a cost-effective implementation. Our extensive experimental evaluation validates the effectiveness of the proposed method for a plethora of different settings. The proposed method has proven to be robust to both the initial learning rate and the batch size, making it ideal for an off-the-shelf optimizing scheme.


A QCW Nd:YAG intracavity frequency doubled red laser was made. Using a flat—flat laser cavity, 2 Kr-lamps, KTP crystal and an AO Q-switch, 2 W output power at 660 nm was obtained. The relationship between laser cavity length and output power is analyzed.


Pigment migration in cultured erythrophores of the squirrel fish Holocentrus ascensionis, after manipulation with K+, epinephrine, 3',5'- dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate, theophylline, and caffeine, is essentially identical to that observed in this chromatophore in situ. For such observations, the erythrophores are dissociated from the scales with hyaluronidase and collagenase, and allowed to spread on an amorphous collagen substrate, where they resemble the discoid erythrophore in situ. In this state, they are readily fixed by glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide, and are then critical-point dried for whole-cell viewing in the high voltage electron microscope. The organization and fine structure of the erythrophore cytoplast was stereoscopically examined after fixation of the pigment granules in four experimental states: pigment dispersed, pigment aggregated, pigment aggregating, and pigment dispersing. In the dispersed cell, granules are contained in an extensive three-dimensional lattice composed of radially oriented microtubules and a network of fine filaments 3-6 nm in diameter (microtrabeculae), whereas in the aggregated cell, the microtrabecular system is absent, and the majority of the microtubules appear displaced into the cortices on the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. In cells fixed while aggregating, few microtrabeculae are observed, although formless thickenings are observed in the cortices, on granules, and between clumped granules. In dispersing cells, the microtrabecular system is reformed from material stored in the cortices and with the granules in the centrosphere. These observations suggest that the granules are suspended in a dynamic microtrabecular system that withdraws during pigment aggregation and is restructured during pigment dispersion. The microtubules guide linear granule motion not by defining physical channels, but by a recognizable affinity of microtubules, microtrabeculae, and granules for one another.


The article addresses certain issues of principle of national procedural autonomy. The meaning of the principle is briefly explained at the beginning of the article. It is followed by analyses of examples of the application of this principle by Latvian courts after the judgments of Court of Justice of the European Union, as well application of the principle of procedural autonomy by Latvian courts on their own initiative.


Summary form only given. The sensitivity of the maximum-likelihood and MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithms, which are used to estimate the directions of arrival of signals from multiple sources, has been quantified. A first-order sensitivity analysis of these algorithms was performed to determine the effect of modeling errors (i.e. system errors, which cause differences between the true and assumed array manifolds), assuming a perfectly known covariance matrix (the infinite-data case). The effect of phase and gain errors in the array elements or in the receivers and the effect of errors in the element locations were studied for two closely spaced sources. Both uncorrelated and correlated sources were considered. Formulas were developed for the error introduced into the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimates produced by these algorithms, when the modeling errors are small, as a function of the source locations and other system parameters. These formulas have been validated by computer simulations.<<ETX>>


Since after independence in Nigeria in 1960, the country has been fighting for good governance and a capable state in terms of economic and socioeconomic. The Nigeria development programs have been implemented to achieve the objectives. In 2009, the government of Nigeria embarked upon vision 2020, the ambition to position Nigeria to become one of the top 20 economic in the world national development by 2020 by linking the objective of the National Economic and Empowerment Development Strategy(NEEDS) and the seven-point agenda. However, there are certain questions that need to be asked such as; how much the vision 2020 myth is becoming reality; how has Nigeria performed in terms of good governance and a capable state as far as vision 2020 is concerned.
Keywords: government of Nigeria, good governance, vision 2020, national development, ambition and capable state


Due to financial constraints, the City of Prospect chose to use reclamite treatments to extend the life of the existing hot mix surfaces. The resulting extension of road surface life provided savings that allowed Council to treat roads that would have been omitted under a traditional resurfacing budget and road works approach. Over the last 10 years, rejuvenation has been observed within the City of Prospect to extend surface life, which reinforces the views of numerous researchers who maintain that reclamite lowers the viscosity of the asphalt binder, reduces oxidation of the surface, and increases the durability of the asphalt binder. In the 1990's Council embraced an additional approach to gain extra surface life, by using fine gap graded hot mix with reduced voids. Furthermore, the use of Bitumate material for pavement base construction has provided Council with numerous benefits in pavement replacement in brownfield situations. Reduced pavement thicknesses have minimised problems with existing services. The construction sequencing using Bitumate has also reduced dust, allowed recycling (and hence reduced the demand for raw materials), and limited the problems usually associated with silt runoff and the exposure of the subgrade during works.


Following a 1983 EPRI-sponsored workshop on utility boiler problems (EPRI report AP-3753), the Institute has responded to the need for better information on fuel utilization by sponsoring annual utility-focused workshops. This workshop is the sixth in a series of annual events designed to address this need. The objective was to provide utility personnel with an opportunity to exchange information on residual oil use in fossil steam plants. Participants at the 1990 workshop, held in Arlington, Virginia, October 31-November 1, 1990, included 37 representatives from 19 electric utilities, including representatives from Mexico, Canada, and Spain, as well as the Institute de Investigaciones Electricas in Mexico. The workshop comprised formal presentations followed by question-and-answer sessions and three 2-hour discussion group sessions. Topics included a water/oil emulsion test summary, a NO{sub x} reduction program, particulate and unburned carbon emissions reductions from oil-fired boilers using combustion promoters, a utility perspective on oil spills, and size distribution and opacity of particulate matter emissions from combustion of residual fuel oils. In addition, participants discussed the development of a coke formation index, instability and compatibility of residual fuel oils, the clean combustion of heavy liquid fuels, toxic air emissions from the combustion of residual fuel oils, H{submore » 2}S release from residual fuel oils, and increased reliability of superheater and reheater tubes and headers by optimization of steam-side and gas-side temperatures.« less


During the past two decades or so, historians have attempted to systematically quantify the increased mortality associated with the movement of various populations from their childhood disease environment to new disease environments. Studies have been completed on the mortality suffered by Africans in the transatlantic slave trade; African troops as they were posted to new disease environments within Africa, and in the West Indies; Afro-American troops from the West Indies who were posted to West Africa, and Afro-Americans from the United States who were resettled in Liberia; African indentured labourers from central Africa who were recruited for the mines of southern Africa; European troops and government and commercial officials who were posted to a variety of epidemiologically hostile locations in the Americas, Africa, and Asia; and Pacific Island indentured labourers who were recruited for the plantations and mines of Queensland (Australia), Fiji, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Nauru, and Ocean Island 1. Historians have attempted to quantify the death rates suffered by these various migrant populations, and to identify the new diseases to which they became susceptible. This research has shown that African slaves were


This chapter introduces the anatomy of the human tongue, with its complex interweaving of muscles, glands and connective tissues, which shape is determined by the recruitment of ten muscles or so, some of them being internal to the structure. The most known constitutive models proposed in the literature to describe the complex mechanical behaviors of tongue tissues are introduced and discussed. These models assume a hyperelastic material modeled using a strain energy approach. A Finite Element implementation of an incompressible two-parameter Yeoh strain energy was proposed to simulate tongue tissues deformations in response to muscle activations. Such constitutive model was estimated from an indentation experiment done on the fresh cadaver of a 74-year old woman. Simulated tongue deformations under muscle activations were then provided. It is shown that the very soft material chosen to account for tongue tissues elasticity allows simulating the very large strain values observed inside the tongue tissues with tagged MRI, while maintaining a level of stress in tongue muscles coherent with data provided in the literature. Such results show the importance of the choice for a constitutive law when the organ model is driven by muscles forces.


This study is performed as a final thesis project at School of engineering, Jonkoping University in collaboration with the Professional electric department at Husqvarna. The purpose of the study wa ...


The proposed LCD raises the required standards for the beneficiary while restricting the prosthesis they can use to attain these standards to basic, antiquated technology. The duality of these changes, creating new performance standards while restricting prosthetic resources to the minimum available technology would create a paradigm in which many amputees would be unable to attain their full functional capacity.


Experiments on the beer yeast liquid sterilized by high-pressure carbon dioxide were carried out in this paper. Tests showed that, an obvious sterilizating effect on beer yeast was resulted. The sterilizating effects were strongly affected by the parameters, such as the pressure of the carbon dioxide, sterilizing time, the concentration of the beer yeast solution, and the diameter of the micro-pore from which the high pressure CO2 was spouted into the solution. The highest sterilizing efficiency was reached at 37.2% under the test conditions of 1.0MPa CO2 and 4 min sterilizing time.


The analgetic action of methadone, meperidine, morphine, codeine, and methorphinan was enhanced by SKF No. 525-A in rats. This compound, however, did not significantly alter the LD 50 9s of morphine or meperidine in rats. Furthermore, SKF No. 525-A did not increase the respiratory depressant action of morphine. SKF No. 525-A enhanced the potency of morphine in tolerant animals; however, it was shown that rats developed tolerance to SKF No. 525-A plus morphine in a manner comparable to morphine alone.


culturing pathogenic bacteria from patient specimens to identify them and test their response to antimicrobials in vitro, we have come a long way since bacteria were first visualised by Van Leeuwenhoek more than 300 years ago. The modern medical microbiology laboratory offers a comprehensive diagnostic service, designed to optimise specimen collection, to ensure quality processing and to assist with the interpretation of reports.


This paper examines the problems facing the contemporary local researchers of Nigerian music in the global context, especially as related to new trends in global music research, nonavailability of sponsorship, and emphasis on foreign and International research publications for the promotion of music scholars in their local Universities. It is observed that there are very few major local sponsorship for research activities in Nigerian art music today. The foreign bodies and organizations that provide such facilities have their interests and foci different to the interests of the stakeholders in the development of the field locally. They therefore have research approaches, topics that suit their purposes. These developments pose a serious problem to the realization of research focus and right direction in Nigerian art music scholarship. This paper examines the situations; their causes and suggests solutions to the highlighted problems. It concludes that research in Nigerian music should be strengthened at the local level, in terms of sponsorship and opportunities. In realizing this objective, the contribution of the National bodies such as the Musicological Society of Nigeria and Conference of Music Educators in Nigeria is imperative.


Aim at the lose of target due to scale-invariant,position change and deformation,as well as dissatisfied single model tracking in the process of target tracking,an adaptive algorithm based on SIFT is proposed.Simulation results show that tracking performance of method in this paper is far better than other feature matching and multiple-model algorithms.Furthermore,the computational load of the proposed method is less,and can ensure the real-time performance in tracking.


This may be the most comprehensive book on bioinorganic chemistry published to date and features an innovative balance of standard topics and contemporary research.


[Objective]In this research, the genetic diversity of Guangxi glutinous maize landraces was studied and the preliminary taxa classification was conducted in order to provide reference for the improvement and innovation of glutinous maize germplasm. [Method]Utilizing the SRAP molecular markers technology, the genetic diversity and heterosis group divisions of 49 glutinous maize landraces in Guangxi were analyzed. [Result]The 49 glutinous maize landraces were divided into 5 groups, in which Guangxi, Western and Northern Guangxi areas in particular, had an abundant genetic diversity of glutinous maize landraces. Varieties in most parts of Baise and Hechi region were divided into the same group since these glutinous maize landraces had strong regional characteristics, that is, these glutinous maize landraces from the same area were closely related genetically. Also, the glutinous maize landraces in the neighboring Baise and Hechi areas exhibited strong phylogenetic relationship. [Conclusion]The Guangxi glutinous maize landraces displayed rich genetic diversity, and the geographic origin and geographical environment had significant relationship on these genetically related landraces.


A graded Cartan‐type connection is devised on a bundle of graded affine frames over superspace. The relation of the gauged graded affine group to the geometry of superspace is discussed in the context of bundle reduction to simulate spontaneous symmetry breakdown. A complex quaternionic calculus is used to simplify the algebraic analysis.


The article considers the educational opportunities of software and hardware tools and devices that operate on the basis of microprocessor computing hardware, as well as modern tools and information exchange systems that ensure information collection, production, accumulation, storage, processing and transfer operations.


In this paper our aim is to bring together formal specification, automated verification, dynamic agent organisations, and visual modelling in order to provide a simple, but semantically coherent, framework for designing and developing multi-agent systems.


Research discusses the different use of Japanese verbs benkyousuru, manabu, renshuusuru, and narau associated with the use of nouns attaching to the verbs. Data corpus was taken from magazine Jakarta Communication Club: Apa Kabar, Vol 50, 2010. The research applied qualitative study using descriptive analysis method. Research aims to give better understanding for Japanese language learners in using the Japanese verbs benkyousuru, manabu, renshuusuru, narau. Besides, the learners can use these verbs properly as well. Result of the research shows that the verbs have different use and also different use of nouns attaching on the verbs.


This report contains three tables that, together, provide an overview of the American Health Care Act (AHCA) provisions, as amended by the five manager's amendments and the amendment referenced in H.Res. 254. Table 1 includes provisions that apply to the private health insurance market, Table 2 includes provisions that affect the Medicaid program, and Table 3 includes provisions related to public health and taxes. Each table contains a column identifying whether the AHCA provision is related to an ACA provision (e.g., whether the AHCA provision repeals an ACA-related provision). In addition to the three tables, the report includes more detailed summaries of each AHCA provision and two graphics showing the effective dates of AHCA provisions. Figure 1 covers AHCA provisions related to the private health insurance market, public health, and taxes. Figure 2 covers AHCA provisions related to the Medicaid program. A table identifying key CRS policy staff appears at the end of the report.


With a sample of new technology ventures in China, we investigated the contingent effect of strategic decision comprehensiveness on new product performance and product quality. The relationship between strategic decision comprehensiveness and new product performance was negatively moderated by technology uncertainty but positively moderated by demand uncertainty. The effect of decision comprehensiveness on new product quality was positively moderated by demand uncertainty but unaffected by technology uncertainty. The comprehensiveness-performance link emerges as more complex than previous research has shown. A key distinguishing characteristic of the strategic management discipline is the emphasis it places on firms' competitive environments. Firms are viewed as information-processing or interpretation systems that scan and collect data from their environments, interpret the data, and then learn by acting upon the interpretation (Daft & Weick, 1984). This notion is central to the contingency perspective that underlies information processing theory. According to the contingency perspective, the fit between the information-processing requirements facing a firm and the information-processing capac


Background: Extended adjuvant endocrine therapy (eET) beyond the first 5 years of ET improves long-term outcomes in breast cancer survivors. For women who remain premenopausal, evidence for benefit has only been demonstrated to date for 5 years of additional tamoxifen, after an initial 5 years of tamoxifen (from ATLAS, aTTom). There are no data available for eET among premenopausal women treated with initial adjuvant aromatase inhibition (AI) and ovarian functions suppression (OFS). Thus, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal eET regimen for young breast cancer survivors. Methods: The Young Women's Breast Cancer Study (YWS) is a multicenter prospective cohort of women age ≤40 years newly diagnosed with breast cancer between 2006-2016. Women with stage I-III hormone receptor positive breast cancer, ≥6 years post-diagnosis without breast cancer recurrence were considered candidates for eET. Use of eET was elicited on surveys completed at 6, 7 and/or 8 years post-diagnosis, censoring for recurrence or death. Those completing ≥1 survey were eligible for analysis. Patient characteristics were compared by Chi-square test between eET users and non-users, and logistic regression applied to identify factors associated with eET use. Results: Of 667 potential eET candidates, 73.9% (493/667) returned ≥1 survey between year 6-8 and were eligible for analysis. Compared to those without a year 6-8 survey, the analytic cohort tended to be more non-Hispanic white (86.0% v. 77.6%), more financially comfortable (53.9% v. 39.5%) and more likely to have children pre-diagnosis (59.6% v. 41.4%); age and disease characteristics were similar. Overall, 59.6% (294/493) reported any eET use, with use declining over time from 56.9% (265/466) to 51.4% (219/426) to 46.8% (162/346) at years 6, 7 and 8 post-diagnosis, respectively. Among eET users (n=294), tamoxifen monotherapy was the most common approach (76.9%, 226/294), followed by AI monotherapy (22.1%, 65/294, presumably women who transitioned into menopause), AI-OFS (7.1%, 21/294) and tamoxifen-OFS (3.1%, 9/294). Women diagnosed after 2012 were as likely to receive eET as those diagnosed 2006-2011 (59.4%, 117/197 v. 59.8%, 177/296 p=0.928), however eET more often included AI, with or without OFS (41.0% v. 18.6%, p<0.001), or OFS (17.9% v. 7.3%, p=0.005) in later years. In multivariable analysis, increasing age (per year odds ratio [OR]: 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.15, p<0.001), higher stage (II v. I: OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.81-4.48, p<0.001; III v. I: OR: 3.73, 95% CI: 1.87-7.42, p<0.001) and receipt of chemotherapy (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 2.08-5.91, p<0.001) were independently significantly associated with any eET use, while women not of white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity were less likely to report eET use (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28-0.87, p=0.014). Rates of pregnancy in years 1-5 did not differ between eET users and non-users (10.0%, 29/291 v. 8.7%, 17/195, p=0.645) Conclusion: The majority of eligible young breast cancer survivors in the YWS have received eET despite limited data regarding its utility in this population. Heterogeneity exists regarding strategies utilized, and while some factors associated with eET use appear to reflect appropriate risk-based care, such as stage and receipt of chemotherapy, others, including age and race, suggest disparate uptake. Clinical studies are needed in order to determine the optimal approach to eET for young women with a history of early stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who remain premenopausal following 5 years of ET. Ensuring risk and preference-based uptake of eET should be a priority.
 Citation Format: Tal Sella, Yue Zheng, Shoshana M Rosenberg, Kathryn J Ruddy, Shari I Gelber, Rulla M Tamimi, Jeffrey M Peppercorn, Lidia Schapira, Virgina F Borges, Steven E Come, Lisa A Carey, Eric P Winer, Ann H Partridge. Extended adjuvant endocrine therapy in a longitudinal cohort of young breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD13-10.


We select a section of spider egg sac silk (SESS) from an Araneus ventricosus for humidity sensing. SESSs are composed of tubiliform fibers, which suggests that the silk fibroin is more sensitive to ambient humidity. We employ a section of single mode fiber (SMF) and a section of SESS to configure an interference-cavity structure. The change of ambient humidity will cause a change in the SESS diameter, which will change the length of the interference-cavity. The change of the interference-cavity length will cause the interference spectrum to redshift, and the SESS-based sensor will perform the humidity-sensing characteristic. The testing results indicate that the higher the ambient humidity, the higher the sensitivity. The maximum value of the sensitivity is 0.99 nm/%RH in the humidity range of 90%–99%. The sensor is protected from temperature disturbance, and the temperature sensitivity is 33 pm/°C. Spider silk is a kind of natural moisture-sensitive material, which is environmentally friendly and does not demand additional sensitization. Therefore, the spider silk is very promising candidates for optical-based chemical and biological sensors that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and highly sensitive.


The invention discloses a bagged powder truck loading dust collector. The bagged powder truck loading dust collector comprises a belt conveyor, a dust remover, an induced draft fan, an ash conveying device, a master dust suction cover, a pair of blowing-in assemblies and a pair of side dust suction assemblies; and the dust remover is communicated with the side body of the induced draft fan, and the ash conveying device is communicated with the lower portion of the dust remover. Each side dust suction assembly comprises a side dust suction cover, a vertical walking mechanism, a transverse walking mechanism and a longitudinal rail, and each blowing-in assembly comprises a movable air receiving trolley. The master dust suction cover and the side dust suction covers rapidly capture and suck away generated dust along with dust raising points, and the generated dust is collected and recycled. The bagged powder truck loading dust collector is extremely good in dust collection effect, occupational health and sanitation protection of a truck loading worker are quite facilitated, the truck loading volume is not changed, the bagged powder truck loading dust collector is safe, reliable, easy and convenient to operate, automatic dust returning is achieved, the economic value is created, and extra labor force is not increased.


Theaflavins (TF) and thearubigins (TR) were separated from Korean microbially fermented tea leaves. Contents of TF (74.4 μM/g) and TR (37.2%) were higher than reported for black tea fermented by oxidase. Antioxidant activities of TF, TR and EGCG were analyzed and protective effects of COS?7 cells against copper and cadmiuminduced toxicity were investigated. TF and TR exhibited good inhibition rates of about 85~90% for antioxidant and scavenging activities of free radicals and protected COS?7 cells against apoptosis or damage caused by stress, such as cadmium and copper-oxidative injury, free radicals etc. These results indicate that TF, TR and EGCG have antioxidant and scavenging activities against free radicals and protect COS?7 cells from Cu, Cd induced injury.


Originally published in 1973; appeared under the same title in Micronitor and under the title, "Unholy Mackerel and the Almighty Buck," in the Friends of Micronesia Newsletter


We describe a case of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) shortly after the SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) vaccination in a 65‐year‐old woman with non–small‐cell lung cancer under a combination treatment of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated protein 4 (CTLA‐4) inhibitors. She had no history of diabetic mellitus. A few days after the second shot of COVID‐19 vaccination, she developed DKA. We speculate that the immune‐related adverse event and immunogenicity of vaccination synergistically induced DKA.


(magnetization, susceptibility, and specific heat) allow us to determine the total spin of the ground state and to estimate the spin-Hamiltonian parameters related to magnetic anisotropy. X-ray spectroscopies (XAS and XMCD) are used to probe the local magnetization of the Cr and Cu ions, and provide results that are consistent with the bulk magnetization data. We finally investigate the relation between heterometallicity and entanglement in these prototypical spin systems. In particular, we focus on the spatial modulation of entanglement induced by the Cu defect spins and on the long-distance entanglement between them induced by the two Cr chains.


An air bubble in a uniformly-aligned liquid crystal induces a defect. When bubbles are located near other bubbles, they interact with each other and arrange themselves in appropriate positions. Ostwald ripening occurs among neighboring bubbles: smaller bubbles decrease in volume and larger ones increase in volume. In general, this phenomenon can be explained as systems of many bubbles of various volumes. In this research, we mainly focus on a system of two neighboring bubbles. A change in the bubble size is observed with varying radius, defect structure and distance. We used the Gibbs–Thomson equation, Fick's law, and volume conservation to explain the experimental results. We adjust the theoretical equation by using the volume flow rate as a fitting parameter. The volume flow rates vary within a 20% error. The results seem to be independent of both the bubble size and the distance between bubbles. Moreover, the volume flow rate seems to be similar to the values obtained using other approaches.


CYTO Asia 2017 was the first major cytometry meeting in South East Asia, with hopefully many more to follow. It was a joint meeting of the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC), the Australasian Cytometry Society, and the Singaporean Society for Immunology. The CYTO Asia Program included elements for scientists working in all areas of cytometry and at all career stages. It began on Sunday, October 22 with 6th ASEAN Flow Cytometry Pre-Congress Workshop organized by Paul Hutchinson from the Singaporean Society for Immunology and Awtar Krishan and Zosia Maciorowski co-chairs of ISAC's Live Education Taskforce. The workshop bought together clinical and research experts from around the world to teach participants the basic principles, applications, and latest techniques in flow cytometry. It incorporated many of the principals learned from our experience giving similar workshop in Africa, Europe, and India (1). The total number of participants broke all previous ISAC Workshop records and included 17 faculty, 60 full participants including eight students and another 22 participants who only attended the lectures, for a total of 100 attendees (Fig. 1). The Workshop consisted of both lectures and wet lab Modules where individuals had the chance to do some "hand on" flow cytometry. Topics ranged from introductory to advanced including lectures and labs on immunophenotyping, proliferation, RNA cytometry, cell signaling, and the infamous "Build Your Own Cytometer" taught by Bill Telford (NIH, Bethesda, MD) (2). Based on the number and feedback from attendees, and the huge interest within the Singapore scientific community, the Workshop was considered a great success and already there are plans for another ASEAN workshop to be held in Indonesia in 2019, as well as smaller workshops in countries like Vietnam and Malaysia within the next 12 months. The 3-day CYTO Asia 2017 scientific conference immediately followed the workshop on October 25 and covered both clinicaland research-based cytometry. It featured plenary, parallel, workshop, and poster sessions. It brought together over 450 attendees including 24 sponsors, 360 program registrants, including 26 student attendees, and 10 travel grant awardees (Figs. 2 and 3). Twenty-seven percent of the attendees were from Singapore, 26% of the attendees from Australia, and the remainder were from the USA (17%), China (10%), Indonesia (6%), South Korea (4%), and India (4%), and others from Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The Congress was divided into several tracks, one focusing on developments in Research, a second on Clinical Diagnosis and Applications, and a third aimed at Shared Research Laboratory (SRL) staff. Parts of each day were dedicated to talks of common interest to all participants, while at other times we divided into smaller groups in order to hear talks focused on a particular track. The conference opened with a talk by Alberto Orfao (University of Salamanca) about the future of minimal residual disease testing in leukemia and myeloma (3–5). He discussed how the newer high sensitivity flow cytometric assays have close to the same sensitivity as molecular approaches, are faster, and are applicable to a higher percentage of patients. Irene Oi-Lin Ng (The University of Hong Kong) gave the Keynote address on her hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) work (Fig. 4). HCC is the second commonest fatal cancer in China and Southeast Asia. She spoke on how her group using in vitro and in vivo models has


Although deep learning has made remarkable achievements in natural language processing tasks, many researchers have recently indicated that models achieve high performance by exploiting statistical bias in datasets. However, once such models obtained on statistically biased datasets are applied in scenarios where statistical bias does not exist, they show a significant decrease in accuracy. In this work, we focus on the length divergence bias, which makes language models tend to classify samples with high length divergence as negative and vice versa. We propose a solution to make the model pay more attention to semantics and not be affected by bias. First, we propose constructing an adversarial test set to magnify the effect of bias on models. Then, we introduce some novel techniques to demote length divergence bias. Finally, we conduct our experiments on two textual matching corpora, and the results show that our approach effectively improves the generalization and robustness of the model, although the degree of bias of the two corpora is not the same.


III-V Nanostructures have shown exceptional results in the field of optoelectronic devices; thanks to their excellent material properties like efficient charge mobility, high optical absorption, adaptability, and recycling of photons. However the large scale usage of III-V devices is still limited due to their high material processing cost and complex fabrication methodologies. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed a simple yet effective design for GaAs thin-film solar cells (SCs) where by incorporating the front (oxide) and back (metal) reflectors, photogeneration in the active layer is enhanced. The optoelectronic simulation results of the proposed device have shown that it can achieve a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21%.


mRNA profiling methodology has proven to be a powerful approach for the molecular identification of different human body fluids including vaginal secretion stains being collected as an evidence material from the crime scene. For some frequently encountered body fluids like saliva and vaginal secretions there is no confirmatory test available. 13 genes were selected for this study from the public databases considering their expression pattern in vaginal secretions, biochemistry, immunology and physiological aspects. Reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been used to study gene expression. Two genes were taken from already published sources namely HBD-1 (DEFB1) and MUC4.Other eleven genes selected for this study are ADAMTS 5,CART 1 ,CCL 20 ,CNFN ,DEFA 5 ,HOXA 13 ,INDO ,KRT 7, SPRR 2B ,SERPIN B4 and SLPI.Out of these 13 genes, eight genes show expression in the vaginal secretions. This study describes a pathway for the molecular identification of the vaginal secretion stains for the forensic analysis that appears specific, sensitive and robust in terms of time and sample consumption. This technique is extremely useful especially for the rape and sexual assault cases.


This article identifies the extent to which buying environment characteristics, which are not directly related to price or product information, are currently available on online apparel websites and whether e-tail stores which use high levels of buying environment characteristics on their websites have a beneficial association with financial performance. A content analysis of 96 online apparel websites was employed. The overall extent to which current online websites provide buying environment characteristics appears to be low and providing more information in relation to the five characteristics was positively related to company profitability.


Let X be a separable Banach space. For any pair U,V of nonempty open subsets in X, let NT(U,V )= {n ∈ N : T n U ∩ V � ∅}. In the present paper we show the bounded operator T on X is hereditarily hypercyclic if and only if for every pair U,V of nonempty open subsets in X, NT(U,V ) is a thick set.


C44, were calculated as a function of the electron concentration, e/a, from the X-ray data by Zirinsky on Au-Cd alloys which represent a typical martensitic transformation of the 3/2 electron compounds. It appears that the following four factors which have a large effect upon the elastic constants in the noble metals-based alloys ; (a) the electron concentration, a/a, (b) ionic radius, (c) quenched-in excess vacancies and (d) ordering. These factors have also an important influence upon the change in Ms. The experimental results on the martensitic transformation of Au-Cd alloys were found to be in good agreement with this prediction. (Received February 25, 1965)


Introduction: The association between inflammation and malignancies is being recognized. In this study, we assessed the use of preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR) in predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) and inguinal node involvement in patients with carcinoma penis. Methods: Sixty-nine patients operated for squamous cell carcinoma penis with inguinal node dissection between 2012 and 2020 were identified. We recorded the type of surgery (partial/total penectomy), T stage, grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), pathological status of inguinal nodes and nodal stage (pN1–3), extranodal extension (ENE), and CSS. The hemogram performed within 2 weeks of surgery was used for calculating NLR and LMR. Results: Partial penectomy was the most common surgery (65.22%) and pT2 was the most common stage (53.62%). Grade 2 was seen in 66.67%, LVI in 34.78%, PNI in 37.68%, 52.17% had inguinal node involvement with pN3 being the most common (36.23%), and 36.23% had ENE. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that NLR of >3 and the LMR ≤3 indicated an inferior CSS (P = 0.05 and 0.04, respectively). T stage, inguinal node involvement, LVI, pN stage, and ENE were also associated with inferior CSS (P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, T stage was significantly associated with CSS (P = 0.02). The NLR >3 and LMR ≤3 were also significantly associated with the presence of pathological inguinal node involvement (P = 0.001 and 0.026). Conclusion: NLR and LMR may help in predicting CSS and inguinal node involvement in patients of carcinoma penis.


IntroductionCurrent clinical practice in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is largely based on metal on polyethylene bearing couples. A potential adverse effect of the stiff metal femoral component is stress shielding, leading to loss of bone stock, periprosthetic bone fractures and eventually aseptic loosening of the component. The use of a polymer femoral component may address this problem. However, a more flexible material may also have consequences for the fixation of the femoral component. Concerns are raised about its expected potential to introduce local stress peaks on the interface.The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of using a polyether-etherketone (PEEK-Optima®) femoral component on the cement-implant interface. We analyzed the interface stress distribution occurring during normal gait, and compared this to results of a standard CoCr component.Materials and methodsAn FEA model was created, consisting of a femoral component cemented onto a femur, and a polyethylene tibial component...


FIELD: oil and gas production. SUBSTANCE: there are drilled rows of directional-horizontal wells parallel to each other in horizontal plane. Wellheads of wells are arranged in a staggered order. Heat carrier pumping and oil withdrawal are performed in cycles - two stages per each cycle. At the first stage of the cycle heat carrier is pressurised into odd wells of each row, while oil is withdrawn from even wells. Pumping is stopped for time required for impregnation of a collector. During the second stage of the cycle heat carrier is pumped into even wells of each row during time equal to time of heat carrier pumping at the first stage. Oil is withdrawn from odd wells. Pumping is stopped for time required for impregnation of a collector. The cycle is repeated; also, time for heat carrier pumping and oil withdrawal is either increased or is left permanent from cycle to cycle. EFFECT: increased sweep and yield of reservoir and reduced time for development. 2 dwg


This paper deals with a practical experimental modal identification method for large-scale structures such as boiler plants in thermal power stations. The proposed method utilizes seismic records which include multi-directional base acceleration data, and multi-I/O identification is carried out. This method is composed of two stages : (1) processing frequency transfer functions by multi-variate autoregressive (AR) spectral analysis, and (2) curvefitting to extract modal parameters. This method is examined using time series data of seismic response simulation, and a comparative study is carried out between multi-input and single-input identification. It is shown that multi-I/O identification is essential for asymmetrical large structures such as boiler plants. This method has actually been applied to in-situ seismic observation data of a boiler plant in operation. As a result of these investigations, this kind of modal identification has proven to be an effective tool for dynamic modeling of large scale structures.


Part 1 Knowledge, thought and language across the curriculum: language and education language and thought language, knowledge and learning language across the curriculum. Part 2 A case for oral language in schooling: oral language and success in schooling oral language and literacy oral language, intelligence and problem solving oral language and thinking oral language and the "hypothetical mode of learning" oral language, self and others - the real world the pedagogy across the curriculum. Part 3 Oral language in the first school: early language acquisition and development the teacher's role in talk approaches to oral language development classroom organization evaluation of oral language in the first school across the first school curriculum. Part 4 Oral language in the middle school: language and intellectual development in the middle years conceptual development and schooling using the environment the teachers' role in middle school oral language work classroom management approaches to oral language work oral language across the middle school curriculum an oral language policy for the middle years. Part 5 Oral language in the senior secondary school: language and intellectual development in adolescence the teaching of words approaches to oral language work across the senior school curriculum.


This article studied the ecological thinking of the person as a philosophical, psychological and pedagogical problem, understand its specificity through the terms "ecology" and "thinking". Efficient formation of ecological thinking involves teaching students basic units of environmental knowledge. The author concludes that ecological thinking is able to organize and supervise educational and research activities in the field of environmental situations and problems, finding practical solutions. Effective formation of ecological thinking presumes to teach students the basic units of knowledge about biological systems, the environment (as part of nature that surrounds a living organism with which the individual interacts directly) and the interaction of environmental factors and systems. In the definition of what thinking is, the author makes a stress on a component of future perspectives and modeling of future actions in thinking process.


The invention discloses an automatic glove stacking and counting machine, and belongs to the field of production equipment of gloves made of PVC, butyronitrile and latex. The automatic glove stacking and counting machine comprises a machine frame (1) which is characterized in that two symmetrical rotating transmission belts (2) are mounted at the upper part of the machine frame (1) in an outward extension manner; a rotating device which can enable the corresponding rotating transmission belt (2) to rotate inwards is arranged at the rear end of each rotating transmission belt (2); transmission devices which can enable the rotating transmission belts (2) to rotate are arranged on two sides of the rotating transmission belts (2); a glove induction device which can detect gloves is arranged above the rotating transmission belts (2); the rotating devices, the transmission devices and the glove induction device are respectively connected with a control system. The automatic glove stacking and counting machine can accurately control the transmission positions of gloves, stack gloves in order, and can count at the same time, so that the working efficiency is improved.


Although unfortunate, crises are required to precipitate change in both domestic and international politics. Because assorted global crises have created greater awareness of global interdependence, various observers have concluded that international organizations will increasingly be given the responsibility for dealing with problems that formerly were in the exclusive purview of the nation-state. Evaluating the effectiveness of the United Nations system, and increasing an awareness of the functions and role of the United Nations, are among the main responsibilities of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR). UNITAR is now almost ten years old, and has just completed a reassessment of its priorities; therefore, it is an appropriate time to discuss its recent activities and to assess its prospects for the future.' UNITAR was established "for the purpose of enhancing . . . the effectiveness of the United Nations in achieving the major objectives of the Organization, in particular the maintenance of peace and security and the promotion of economic and social development."2 Although UNITAR's headquarters is in New York and most of the work of both the Training and Research Departments is centered there, increasing use is being made of the Institute's Geneva office. A significant number of training courses and seminars are now being conducted in Geneva and several of the


Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) and composite steel plate shear walls (CSPSW) have advantages of high bearing capacities, high stiffness, excellent energy dissipation ability, and so on. Concrete-filled steel tube can be used as a column in composite frames. If composite steel shear walls are installed in composite frames, a new kind of composite structure is composed. As shear walls are not connected to frame columns, the premature overall buckling or local buckling failure of columns can be prevented. Meanwhile, the structural stiffness and bearing capacity can be adjusted by changing the size or the number of shear walls, which is attractive to both structural design engineers and architects. This paper presents the behavior of composite frame infilled composite steel plate shear walls connected with frame beams. A 20-storey composite structure model is developed using the finite element software OpenSees. Both the nonlinear static and dynamic response are analyzed to investigate the behavior of composite structures.


We give an example of a non-noetherian quasi-analytic ring constructed using a quasianalytic Denjoy-Carleman class. If we denote by Dn the ring of those C ∞ quasianalytic function germs at 0 ∈ Rn which are definable in a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure. We show that the system {Dn /n ∈ N ∗} is not noetherian, i.e. there exists m ∈ N, m > 1, such that the ring Dm is not noetherian.


Objective To discuss the interventional treatment of adrenal metastasis of primary hematocarcinoma. Methods The clinical materials and effects of 38 cases of such patient were analyzed retrospectively. Results 57 time of chemotherapy embolism of adrenal artery in 38 cases with successful rate of 98.2%. Conclusion The hepatocarcinoma combined with adrenal metastasis could be treated with chemotherapy embolism at liver artery and adrenal artery.


The objective of this study is to quantify the long-term effects of advertising on tourism demand. A single equation demand model is specified which includes advertising as an explanatory variable along with other economic determinants of demand, prices and incomes. Using the Phillip–Hanson procedure, long-run elasticities of demand are estimated for Australian tourism from its major markets – Japan, New Zealand, the UK and the USA. The results indicate that Japanese and New Zealand tourists are more responsive to advertising than UK and US tourists and that they are also highly sensitive to prices compared with UK and US tourists.


Abstract : The performance of the signal design for the ANDVT hf modem was investigated for the Gaussian channel with variable amounts of peak clipping on the modulator output. The advantage is an increase in average power when operating in a peak power limiting situation. A recommendation is made for use of 8.0 dB of clipping on the 16 tone DPSK signal used for transmitting the message indicator and 9.5 dB of clipping on the 39 tone DPSK signal used for transmitting digital voice. (Author)


The characteristics of running higher vocational education call for: first, making analyses of knowledge, skills, abilities, and qualifications for related positions; secondly, designing teaching plans and making arrangements for courses and internship work. This essay presents analyses of the major "Management of Tourist Attractions" with regard to the views mentioned above.


In his teenage years Gregor Krek had decided to severe the already fragile ties with his family and dedicate his life to the Slavic idea, firmly believing that it was possible to do this by teaching and scholarly research. Although he had introduced the notion of science in his treatises and frequently used it as a reference, at times he still felt it to be somewhat inadequate. As a civic worker who could not afford to express his political opinion in public, he found a way to express his reserve toward German political dominance in his scientific work. This is why he remained faithful to the mythological theory, which due to the common origin of Indo-European peoples enabled him to demonstrate the equality of Slavic peoples with the Germans. Krek was of the opinion that the borrowing theory favors subordination of Slovenians, and at the same time Slavic nations in general, to Germans. He did not approve of the frequently cited statement that Slavs had done nothing but borrowed from Germans, which would have denoted an undisputable proof of Slavic inferiority. It would be necessary to consider if the awareness of Slavic identity had ever prevailed over scientific accuracy. When stressing his Slavic origin Krek had been known to express emotions by using an occasional poetic metaphor in his otherwise scientific texts. His collection of poems, for instance, could easily serve as a study of intertextuality. In view of all this, it is possible to say that Krek had a good predisposition for a literary historian. Yet he was more interested in mythology, very popular subject at the time, possibly wishing to restrain dilettante interest in it. But a century of prejudice against mythology was evident in Krek's work as well. His has never been credited for the foundations he had laid for his academic successors. After Krek's death, Karel Strekelj andMatija Murko, who have been mythicized by Slovenian ethnologists even to this day, acknowledged this. All three of them still await the day when Slovenian Slavicists and Slovenists awaken them from oblivion and treat them according to their merits. Despite of what has been said, Gregor Krek has been included, at least symbolically, in both disciplines since the very beginnings of Slovenian university. His extensive library became the cornerstone of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literature at the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana.


The False Claims Act (FCA), a Civil War–era statute enacted after the sale of worthless provisions and munitions to the War Department, is dangerously evolving into an unchecked federal malpractice weapon. In the century and a half since its passage, the FCA has been used to combat many forms of fraud against the government outside of the context of defense procurement. Though knowingly submitting false claims to the government for health care services is indisputably within its reach, the FCA is neither designed nor suited to address quality of care deficiencies. There are numerous complementary federal and state regulatory schemes and judicial remedies that are much better suited to resolve these deficiencies. To the extent that these remedies are inadequate, supplanting them with the heavy hand of a federal fraud statute is not the appropriate solution. The FCA's increasingly novel application under the "worthless services" theory, predominantly in the long-term care setting, threatens to do just that. Recent decisions in two first impression appeals illustrate the limits of this application. This article will review the origin and misapplication of the FCA to quality of care cases through the worthless services theory. Section I will provide background on the origin and passage of the FCA and its subsequent amendments, Section II will examine the history of how health care came within the ambit of the False Claims Act, Section III will review FCA litigation targeting health care quality and the development of the worthless services theory, and Section IV will discuss the propriety of supplanting federal and state administrative means and state remedies with the FCA.


A framework for evaluating deformation-based basal heave stability is proposed in order to distinguish between the different responses under freely developed and prohibited basal heave failures. In the case of freely developed basal heave failure, the maximum deformation values occur at the center point of pit bottom, whereas this is not the case for the prohibited basal heave failure. The critical thickness of soft soil layer between the end of supporting structures and the top of hard stratum is about 0.3B (B = excavation width), beyond which the freely developed basal heave failure arises. In situations otherwise, the prohibited basal heave failure occurs. The failure probability of basal heave failure at the center point increases significantly as B ranges within a limited value; then, it begins to decrease or to vary slightly at a certain value under a given thickness of soft soil layer. If the thickness of soft soil layer is so sufficiently large that freely developed basal heave failure occurs for any of B, the failure probability of basal heave failure at the center point increases as B increases. The selection of the optimum monitoring points for basal heave stability is recommended to account for the weights in the contribution to the basal heave deformations of the influencing factors such as excavation width and thickness of soft soil layer. The proposed framework is applicable to basal heave reliability analysis for braced excavations where deformation values are focused.


In this paper, we examine the investment decisions of family businesses at the firm level. Specially, by extracting the value of inefficient investments from a series of OLS regressions, we test the influence of family governance factors on inefficient firm investments. We find that inefficient investments are common among family firms, and that the number and extent of underinvestments are higher than that of overinvestments. We further discover that a large percentage of family members on the board and family member CEOs reduce both overinvestments and underinvestments, whereas the performance of founders on the board exaggerates both a business' underinvestments and overinvestments. Finally, free cash flows tend to cause overinvestments, and reduce underinvestments. Our findings indicate that family-related governance factors influence a firm's investment decisions, both in terms of overinvestment and underinvestment.


With the socialistic market economy reform as a background,it analyzed and discussed the ordinary university high level sports team's present development situation and the existent problems in China,and proposed the transformation of thought,relocated the high level sports team's goal and the value,compared American university "ordinary university" pattern,China's sports system "whole nation system" and its ordinary university "high level sports team" pattern,put forward the proposal and the countermeasure to the ordinary university high level sports team's development.


Soil hydraulic properties, which are basically saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and water retention characteristics, remarkably control the main hydrological processes in catchments. Thus, adequate parameterization of soils is one of the most important tasks in physically based catchment modeling. To estimate these properties, the choice of the PTFs in a hydrological model is often made without taking the runoff characteristics of the catchment into consideration. Therefore, this study introduces a methodology to analyze the sensitivity of a catchment water balance model to the choice of the PTF. To do so, we define 11 scenarios including different combinations of PTFs to estimate the van Genuchten parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity. We use a calibrated/validated hydrological model (WaSiM-ETH) as a baseline scenario. By altering the underlying PTFs, the effects on the hydraulic properties are quantified. Moreover, we analyze the resulting changes in the spatial/temporal variation of the total runoff and in particular, the runoff components at the catchment outlet. Results reveal that the water distribution in the hydrologic system varies considerably amongst different PTFs, and the water balance components are highly sensitive to the spatial structure of soil hydraulic properties. It is recommended that models be tested by careful consideration of PTFs and orienting the soil parameterization more towards representing a plausible hydrological behavior rather than focusing on matching the calibration data.


Bayes credibility limits for small proportions from stratified and fixed size cluster samples are discussed. Ericson's (JRSS B (1969)) Beta Binomial and Dirichlet-Multinomial priors are used. Approximate limits that are appropriate for large samples and small proportions are derived in both cases. These allow asymptotic comparisons of the efficacy of stratified and cluster sampling relative to simple random sampling for estimating small proportions. Procedures for the selection of hyper parameters are also presented.


Recursion is both an important and a difficult topic for introductory Computer Science students. Students often develop misconceptions about the topic that need to be diagnosed and corrected. In this paper, we report on our initial attempts to develop a concept inventory that measures student misconceptions on basic recursion topics. We present a collection of misconceptions and difficulties encountered by students when learning introductory recursion as presented in a typical CS2 course. Based on this collection, a draft concept inventory in the form of a series of questions was developed and evaluated, with the question rubric tagged to the list of misconceptions and difficulties.


Relationships among ginsenosides, panaxadiol(PD), panaxatriol(PT), and total saponin(TS) in Panax ginseng root (2nd Year) grown with culture solotion different in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium level were analyzed by simple correlation, multiple regression and standard partial regression coefficient. The closeness between ginsenosides by simple correlation was closely related with the similarity of molecular structure. The content of PT was much attributed to Re and Rg1. The contribution order of ginsenosides for PD was Rb1>Rb2Rd>Rc. There was significant positive correlation between PT and PD but PD increased more rapidly than PT. Thus total saponin depended much on PD and PT/PD decreased with the increase of total saponin content. All ginsenosides, especially Re showed decreasing tendency with the increase of root weight.


The primary ethnographic setting of this paper is Lublin, a city in southeastern Poland, in 2003-06. In one of the poorest regions of Poland, on the edge of the kresy, the borderlands with Ukraine, Lublin is situated on the edge of the edge.


This study explores the extent to which a network that learns the temporal relationships within and between the component features of Western tonal music can account for music theoretic and psychological phenomena such as the tonal hierarchy and rhythmic expectancies. Predicted and generated sequences were recorded as the representation of a 153-note waltz melody was learnt by a predictive, recurrent network. The network learned transitions and relations between and within pitch and timing components: accent and duration values interacted in the development of rhythmic and metric structures and, with training, the network developed chordal expectancies in response to the activation of individual tones. Analysis of the hidden unit representation revealed that musical sequences are represented as transitions between states in hidden unit space.


I argue that household specialization and investment in firm-specific human capital explain the male marriage premium. First I develop a model of human capital in which to-be-married men invest in human capital over two rounds. The promise of high returns to the second round of investment encourages firms to offer high wages before the first round, so that wages do not change upon marriage. The model has two other predictions, that among the self-employed wages should increase upon marriage, and that the cross-secional marriage premium should have declined over time. Using the Panel Study on Income Dynamics and the 2000 US Census, I find evidence in support of each of these predictions. Evidence from the self-employed suggests that marriage increases productivity by 20%, via the increased accumulation of human capital.


From the test result of soft sediments, a mechanical model for creeping of the test sediments is proposed and deformation mechanism is discussed。According to time effect of long-term strength of soft sediments, the dynamic stability of slopes on Fuxin-Haizhou Open-pit Coal Mine is studied, and a method for predicting the instability of this kind of slopes is discussed.


In this paper are presented main power and gasdynamic characteristics of hypersonic test cell of Research Test Center (RTC) of Central Institute of Aviation Motors (CIAM). The distributions of temperature and Mach number at the exit of the aerodynamic nozzle of test cell are received at simulation conditions of flight at Mf=6. Values of available pressure difference and throttling characteristics for various operational modes of test cell, including the loading of working section by Scramjet model without the heating of air at entrance to the aerodynamic nozzle and with the heating of air, are received too.


In today's world everyone is glancing for online information through search engine. As there are lots of providers for information searched by the user, and it is not possible to display all the information on the first page of search engine. In current scenario website owners uses SEO(search engine optimization) techniques to be on first page of search engine result. But there are some owners who approach illegal techniques to gain high ranking for their website which is known as Spamdexing or search engine spamming. Spamdexing is a black hat SEO technique in which spammers spoofs the user to a web page which is not high ranked by the search engine in order to earn more profit or degrade the efficiency of search engine. This paper presents taxonomy of current Black Hat SEO techniques through which a web spammer gains high rank for his web pages & also the counter measures to overcome these spammed result.


We are all familiar with the many measures said to be key for an effective leader. These include the possession of a high intelligence quotient (IQ) and high emotional intelligence (EI). In the 1990s another 'skill' appeared in the leadership literature, 'cultural intelligence' (and cultural quotient (CQ)) which described an individual's ability to work across cultures. More recently Thomas Friedman used the same acronym to describe the curiosity quotient (CQ) which together with IQ and EI equip leaders with the ability to navigate the increasingly complex and disrupted business environment. The work of Friedman then fed into the work of Dr Thomas Chamorro-Premyzic who hypothesized that whilst leaders may have high IQs and EI they need more-they need curiosity and increased tolerance for ambiguity, what Warwick Business School describes as 'a higher investment in knowledge and expertise acquisition which leads to a nuanced sophisticated way of thinking over time'. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)


The key affecting factors on the particle diameter of EBR latex were mainly discussed,including the contents of emulsifier and electrolyte,the initial temperature and the control of particle diameter after reaction,and the effect of the particle diameter(smaller than 500 nm)on the impact strength of the resin was also studied.It was found the impact strength of the resin improved with the increase of the particl diameter when other conditions were the same.


Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common haemoglobinopathy worldwide and its frequency has steadily increased in Europe in the past decades. SCD is a complex multisystem disorder characterised by chronic haemolytic anaemia, vaso-occlusive crisis, and vasculopathy. Clinical manifestations can be very different, ranging from mild haemolysis to life-threatening acute clinical complications and chronic disabilities. This review will explore service delivery across Europe to children with SCD, reporting on the available minimum standards of care and future perspectives.


Software Defined Network (SDN) may significantly enhance network and service management by enabling separated control and data planes. The centralized OpenFlow controller with a global vision of network states offers a promising approach to realizing flow-based admission control for supporting Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in SDN. However, per-flow process brings in challenges to scalability of OpenFlow-based SDN. Flow aggregation has been explored as an effective method to address this issue. In this paper, we investigate admission control with flow aggregation for QoS provisioning in SDN. Specifically we propose a model for admission control with flow aggregation and develop the analysis techniques for determining the required amounts of bandwidth and buffer space at OpenFlow-enabled switches for meeting performance requirements in delay and packet loss. Network calculus is applied in our modeling and analysis; which makes our method applicable to general OpenFlow-based SDNs with various implementations. Numerical experiment results are also provided to evaluate effectiveness of the developed modeling and analysis techniques.


In the process of fighting against COVID-19 in China, Xingnaojing injection has been recommended for its clinical treatment, but the information about its active components and mechanism is still lacking. Therefore, in this work, using network pharmacology and molecular docking, we studied the active components of Xingnaojing injection having anti-COVID-19 properties. Using the DL parameter, TCMSP and CNKI databases were used to screen the active components of the Xingnaojing injection. Then, the SwissTargetPrediction webserver was used to collect the corresponding gene targets, and the gene targets related to COVID-19 were searched in the Genecards database. The DAVID database was used to enrich the function of gene targets, and the KOBAS3.0 database for the annotation of related KEGG pathways. The "components–targets–pathways" network of Xingnaojing injection was constructed with Cytoscape 3.6.1 software. The protein–protein interaction networks were analyzed using the String database. Specific proteins, SARS-COV-2 3 Cl, ACE2, and the active components were imported into Discovery Studio 2016 Client for molecular docking studies. From the Xingnaojing injection, a total of 58 active components, including Divanillalaceton and Q27139023, were screened. These were linked to 53 gene targets including mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), tumor necrosis factorTNF, epidermal growth factor receptor, MAPK3, and 196 signaling pathways related to COVID-19, such as apoptosis, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were performed to study potential binding between the key targets and selected active components. Xingnaojing injection exhibits anti-COVID-19 effects via multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. These results set a scientific basis for further elucidation of the anti-COVID-19 mechanism of Xingnaojing injection.


Prehospital and hospital emergency medical care providers frequently rely on the electrocardiogram (ECG) to assist them in the differential diagnosis of complex patient problems and as such, the ECG often constitutes a major determinant of the definitive treatment selected. The purpose of this exercise is to review a small portion of the vast area of ECG interpretation: specifically, those rules that guide the practitioner in the diagnosis of Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs). Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) occur in multiple individuals in multiple settings. Due to these differences, the causes, implications, and treatment of PVCs must be individualized. Thus, the scope possible for this discussion is huge. Consequently, this exercise will focus only on helping the practitioner correctly identify PVCs.


Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains main active compound namely Stevioside and Rebaudioside A. In the processing of S. rebaudiana leaves, leaf color pigments should be clarified to obtain a clear solution. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of the Stevia liquid sweetener production process, to determine the active compounds of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A. using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in the natural sweetener liquid, to examine physical properties and sensory test. Clarification solution was optimized using kaolin adsorption method, while standardization product was conducted using HPLC determination of stevioside and rebaudioside A compound. Physical properties and the sensory test were performed using refractometry, Brix value, and organoleptic assay. In addition, physical tests (refractometry and% Brix) and organoleptic sweetness were analyzed using Simplex Lattice Design. Optimization of clarification method was achieved in the optimum ratio which was based on clarification percentage of 10% (w / v) at the contact time of adsorption 3 hours. Percent of clarification at wavelength 410 nm and 665 nm were 65% and 95%, respectively. The content of Rebaudioside A and Stevioside in Stevia liquid sweetener were 33.83 μg / mL and 13.26 μg / mL, respectively. The stevia and water solution mixture gave a significant effect on the refractive index parameters, percent Brix and sensory of sweetener taste. However, no significant effect on color parameters


Glucose-induced pancreatic insulin release is the fundamental mechanism responsible for glucose homeostasis, its failure determining the clinical picture of Diabetes Mellitus. The details of the feedback loop controlling glycemia through insulin secretion have been an important subject of investigation and modeling for decades. In this note, a recently published population model is considered, whose purpose is to replicate in silico different observed phenomena such as low frequency glycemia-insulinemia oscillations, as well as concordant induction of high-frequency insulin oscillations. The basic idea underlying this model is that the pancreas behaves like a population of independent controllers (each consisting of a fundamental secreting unit, a pancreatic islet), all reacting to the same glucose stimulus, but with varying performance characteristics. This idea has been supported by a relatively wide range of simulations, aiming to replicate most important in vivo experiments concerning pancreatic insulin release. It will be shown in this note that the same mathematical structure can also replicate a set of in vitro experiments, provided that the model context is adapted to the structure of the different experiments to be simulated. More in details, the model will be shown to reproduce the double phase of insulin release during a prolonged glucose stimulus: a first phase of impulsive insulin release, immediately upon glucose administration, and a second phase of more gradual release, dependent on the potentiation effect of the secretory units.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Litopenaeus vannameifed different levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of soybean protein concentrate (63.07% crude protein, CP) to replace fish meal-by product (61.24% CP). The study was conducted in clear water in fifteen 800 L tanks equipped with aeration systems, constant heating (29 oC), and daily water exchange (30%). Each tank was stocked with 37.5 shrimp/m3 (3.03±0.14 g). Feed was supplied four times a day, at 6% of the initial biomass, adjusted daily. After 42 days, the weight gain of shrimp fed diets with 0 and 25% protein replacement was higher than that observed in shrimp fed 100% replacement, and there were no differences among those fed the other diets. Feed efficiency and survival did not differ among shrimp fed different protein replacements. There was a negative linear trend for growth parameters and feed intake as protein replacement with soybean protein concentrate increased. Fish meal by-product can be replaced by up to 75% of soybean protein concentrate, with no harm to the growth of Pacific white shrimp.


Large variation in speakers causes significant performance degradation of a speaker independent speech recognition system. In an attempt to compensate for this degradation in performance, this paper proposes a novel Bayesian approach to estimate speaker normalization parameters. An affine model is used here, which captures the variation in length of the vocal tract more effectively than the linear model used in literature. The vocal tract length normalization (VTLN) parameters are estimated using Least Squares Estimation (LSE) as well as a Bayesian approach which utilizes the Gibbs sampler, a special type of Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Finally, a Mahalanobis distance based vowel recognizer is proposed and experiments are performed for both gender dependent and independent cases. Results clearly indicate a performance improvement for the Bayesian case over LSE.


The advent of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique has opened up new avenues and opportunities in the diversified field of research and scientific investigations by the application of molecular markers to study the taxonomic and genetic diversity. The genetic diversity of nine accessions of Ocimum sanctum (Krishna Tulsi) collected from different parts of state of Madhya Pradesh has been reported in this paper using eight random amplified polymorphic DNA primers. Total of 144 bands were scored corresponding to an average of 18 bands per primer, with 137 bands showing polymorphism (95.13%) and 7 bands showing monomorphism (4.86%). All the primers individually gave more than 60% polymorphism. Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from 0.18 to 0.48. A dendrogram constructed based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering method revealed two major clusters. Cluster-1 comprised of seven accessions, which was further differentiated into two subclusters and while Cluster-2 included only 2 accessions. This study revealed rich genetic diversity among O. sanctum accessions from Madhya Pradesh in central India, possibly allowing it to more easily adapt to environmental variations.

 Key words: Polymerase chain reaction- random amplified polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD), genetic diversity, medicinal plant, primers, DNA extraction.


A rice aspiration precision seeder was designed to solve the existing problems on current seeders,such as hurting seed,re-seeding,omission,blocking and uncontrollable gap between each row.The structure and the operating principle of this new seeder were introduced,also the working parameter and the structural parameters of the major parts were provided in this thesis.It will lay the foundation for the mechanized precision seeding of the seedling nursing tray.


This paper proposes an architecture scheme for realizing the power equipment data acquisition IoT monitoring network using the latest Internet of Things technology. At the same time, a power equipment data acquisition and monitoring system based on Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and exclusive-OR (XOR) encryption algorithms is designed. The system is mainly researched and designed from the aspects of monitoring terminal software and hardware design, data encryption processing, and remote data management cloud platform. This paper installs a big data analysis processor and a network routing processor based on the Internet of Things technology and modifies the system memory, display, and connection circuit to optimize the system hardware equipment. Finally, the system conducts experimental tests to monitor the state of power equipment, such as transmission and distribution towers, power manhole covers, cable tunnels, and distribution line knife gate temperature. The experimental results show that the system can realize low power consumption, comprehensive coverage, low-cost unified access, and centralized management of power equipment status information in different power scenarios. The application of this system dramatically improves the reliability and efficiency of the operation and maintenance of terminal equipment of the power system. The promotion of this system has a great application value.


Purpose – The purpose of this article is to identify points of conceptual conflict between evidence‐based policy research and horizon (environmental) scanning.Design/methodology/approach – The paper begins with a brief history of foresight in UK government, then describes the current government context for horizon scanning. Next, it defines horizon scanning as a method; highlights the contradictions between horizon scanning and more traditional empirical research; and offers suggestions to improve the rigor of horizon scanning.Findings – Increased focus on defining the rules for source identification and scan data validation can enhance credibility.Research limitations/implications – Current horizon scanning work in the UK government suggests these methodological improvements, but proof will wait upon completion and deployment of several ongoing horizon scans.Practical implications – Provides improved acceptability and dissemination of horizon scanning as a tool, as well as heightened engagement of policy...


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an increase in self determination experience on the behavior of young children with autism spectrum disorder by telepresence robot. As for research method, the study used AB design, two selected children engaged in activities with a telepresence robot in free play time in the morning. The activities were conducted in 19 sessions, twice a week, 15 to 40 minutes each. To investigate the effect of the activity on the child's behavior was observed using the behaviors of free play time and work time in the afternoon. All the process was recorded by a camera and then analyzed by frequency recording. The results of the study are as follows. First, the participation of young children with autism spectrum disorder in free play time increased. Second, choice-making or preference behavior of young children with autistic spectrum disorder were increased. This study suggests that increasing the self-determination experience of young children with autism spectrum disorders using telepresence robots increases their participation and increases their choice-making or preference behavior. Keyword : self-determination experience, young children, autism spectrum disorder, tele-presence robot, participant 텔레프레젠스 로봇을 이용한 자기결정 경험의 증대가 자폐범주성 장애유아의 행동에 미치는 효과 39


1985 Stroke Sessions Program Is Prepared; New Orleans, Feb. 21-23 The program has been prepared for the 10th International Joint Conference on Stroke and Cerebral Circulation to be held Feb. 21-23, 1985, in New Orleans. Dr. J. Donald Easton of San Antonio, TX, chairman, and associates have selected abstracts and speakers. Abstracts will be published in the January-February, 1985 issue of STROKE. The meeting is sponsored by the Stroke Council of AHA, Cardiovascular Surgery Section of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, the Canadian Stroke Society of the Canadian Heart Foundation, the American Neurological Association and the Society for Vascular Surgery.


The authors report three cases of stercoral peritonitis secondary to colon perforation in a context of chronic constipation. Two patients were young and under ant motility drugs and one patient was elderly and bedridden. The diagnosis was made in the first two patients, who presented with signs and symptoms of generalized peritonitis by the CT scan whereas the last patient presented with a septic shock that did not allow performing of a diagnostic imaging. All the three patients underwent an emergency laparotomy. Perforation sites were located on the sigmoid colon in the two young patients and on the transverse colon in the elderly patient. The two young patients underwent a Hartmann's procedure while the elderly patient had a transverse colostomy. The latter patient died postoperatively due to late intervention.


Oil reservoir history matching is a well-known inverse problem for predicting production by optimizing enormous unknown parameters with numerical simulation. Typically it can be formulated in a Bayesian framework with geological priors. Instead of gradient-based optimization with the possibility of converging to a local minimum, evolutionary algorithms have been introduced to globally find optimal parameters. Due to the high-dimensional parameters, the optimization could become inefficient; therefore, many dimensionality reduction algorithms have been applied in history matching. However, these methods suffer from the linear assumption or the pre-image problem, which could affect the model optimization. In this paper, based on the evolutionary algorithm termed Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition, which is capable of simultaneously optimizing the parameters with respect to the data of several oil wells, we propose history matching with dimensionality reduction by explicitly utilizing the nonlinear dimensionality reduction model Auto-Encoder to reduce the number of unknown parameters, which can naturally handle the pre-image problem and then improve model performance in terms of precision and complexity. Experimental results based on PUNQ-S3 data verify the efficiency of the newly proposed methods.