Virtual reality-based rehabilitation (VRBR) is being used in rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This meta-analysis assesses the effect of immediate and/or maintained effect of VRBR (alone or in combination with conventional therapy (CT) in TKA recovery. To perform this meta-analysis, we searched in PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS, CINAHL, and PEDro until 5 February 2023. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed the effect of VRBR in improving knee pain and function, dynamic balance, range of motion (ROM), and strength, among others, after TKA. The pooled effect was calculated with Cohen's standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Twelve studies, providing data from 997 participants (69.9 ± 8.1 years old), were included. At post-immediate assessment, VRBR is effective in improving knee pain (SMD = −0.36; 95% CI −0.56 to −0.17), knee function (SMD = −0.51; 95% CI −0.75 to −0.27), dynamic balance (SMD = −0.59; 95% CI −1.02 to −0.15), knee flexion ROM (SMD = 0.4; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.62), and extension strength (SMD = 0.43; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.68). Our findings showed that immersive and non-immersive VRBR is effective to be used after TKA, and the effect on knee pain and function may be maintained over 3 or 6 months. A high level of satisfaction and adherence to VRBR was reported.


This paper explores the intersection between high-end technology for immersive media and conceptual sound installations using low-quality audios. It discusses the concept of fidelity in sound reproduction and traces how this concept relates to the subject of identity and self through the recorded voice. I analyse art projects that use low-quality audio to address issues of self and how these projects can help presenting an alternative understanding of experimental sound design for spatial audio. Finally, I explore the issue through my own artistic research called This Alienness and Me, where I investigate the feeling of "not belonging" through personal voice recordings made with a cellphone. In my project the audios were juxtaposed using Wave Field Synthesis to create an immersive environment. Key-concepts: Spatial Audio, Experimental Sound Design, Low-Quality Audio, Wave Field Synthesis, Fidelity, Voice, Identity.


Summary We present the karyotypes of three Japanese alpine Taraxacum species ( Taraxacum alpicola , T. yatsugatakense and T. yuparense ) in order to provide insight into their origins and taxonomic relationships. T. alpicola and T. yatsugatakense were triploid plants with similar karyotypes (2 n =24=18(M+m)+4m cs +2sm cs ), while T. yuparense was a diploid plant with the karyotype 2 n =16=12m+4m cs . The karyotypes of both T. alpicola and T. yatsugatakense were considered a combination of two chromosome sets of 6m+2m cs and one chromosome set of 6m+2sm cs . Our study reveals that T. alpicola and T. yatsugatakense are autoallopolyploids. of our investigation the to clarify


Extraordinary transmission through an inhomoge-neous dielectric loaded slot in a an infinite metallic shield of finite thickness is demonstrated. We show that frequency intervals between resonances can be controlled by introducing a region of different dielectric constant within the slot.


Resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic fluorine-containing resin, 1 to 40 parts by weight of polymer-grafted carbon black and 1 to 15 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polyether resin with a molecular weight of at least 3,000, wherein the polymer of polymergepfopften carbon black includes a polymer chain a monomer having a polymerizable double bond, the polymer chain is directly bonded to the carbon black and the monomer is an element at least selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, styrene, vinyl acetate and olefins.


The characterization of generalized decentralized fixed modes (GDFM) and impulsive decentralized fixed modes (IDFM) in linear decentralized descriptor systems is considered. Some sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of GDFM and IDFM in such systems are formulated using the concepts of general systems. The results show that GDFM and IDFM of N-channel linear decentralized descriptor systems can be regarded as finite (centralized/decentralized) fixed modes of (N-1)-channel general systems with lower dimensions.<<ETX>>


PURPOSE: A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed to assess the benefits of aerobic exercise during pregnancy, using a fitness regimen based on the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans for exercise during pregnancy.


The behavior of the optimal exercise price of American puts near expiry has been well studied under the Black–Scholes model as a result of a series of publications. However, the behavior of the optimal exercise price under a stochastic volatility model, such as the Heston model, has not been reported at all. Adopting the method of matched asymptotic expansions, this paper addresses the asymptotic behavior of American put options on a dividend-paying underlying with stochastic volatility near expiry. Through our analyses, we are able to show that the option price will be quite different from that evaluated under the Black–Scholes model, while the leading-order term of the optimal exercise price remains almost the same as the constant volatility case if the spot volatility is given the same value as the constant volatility in the Black–Scholes model. Results from numerical experiments also suggest that our analytical formulae derived from the asymptotic analysis are quite reasonable approximations for options with remaining times to expiry in the order of days or weeks.


In this talk we discuss the next-to-leading-order electroweak (EW) corrections to W-boson + jet hadroproduction [1] and compare the full result to a simple approximation assuming factorization of EW and QCD corrections for the charged-current Drell-Yan process. The W-boson resonance is treated consistently using the complex-mass scheme, and all off-shell effects are taken into account. The corresponding next-to-leading-order QCD corrections have also been recalculated. All the results are implemented in a flexible Monte Carlo code. Selected numerical results for this Standard Model benchmark process are presented for the LHC. The comparison of our result to an approximation based on the EW corrections to W-boson production without additional jets is a step towards a better understanding of the interplay between QCD and EW effects for W-boson production in general.


Intensive pork production can result in odour problems to the neighbouring population. Consequently, odours can become an environmental constraint to expanding the pig industry, especially in areas that are good for growing feed, water is available and transportation costs are reasonable. Thus, every effort must be made by the producer to reduce the Frequency, Intensity, Duration and the Offensiveness of the odours (FIDO). Producers must design, construct, locate and manage the manure collection and storage facilities to minimize the FIDO.


This paper 1 describes an algorithm for inferring inheritance hierarchies. It is simple both to understand and to implement. It is also eecient enough for use with realistically sized problems. The solutions produced meet a set of criteria, which are justiied as producing the inheritance hierarchy which most clearly reeects the inherent structure of the objects to which it is applied. The motivation for such an algorithm is discussed, and a comparison is made with two similarly motivated algorithms. An example of an application using the algorithm is presented.


The paper argues that the incidence of child labour in Nigeria has been heightened by globalisation, particularly the economic rationalism underlying it. Child labour is now a feature of urban dwelling in Nigeria where the sight of youngsters and children engaged in various forms of labour is quite common. Globalisation in this context is seen as that process of intense and in-depth international interaction, especially in economic matters, among nations of the world, including Nigeria. Thus, globalisation, manifested initially in the guise of the adjustment programme in Nigeria in the mid 1980s has since then grown to include the so-called post adjustment policies of privatization, deregulation, minimal state role or liberalization. The paper argues that child labour during globalisation in Nigeria has taken a new dimension in that the children engaged now are in it to augment the family income, and their population is quite enormous. Therefore, child labour is seen in the paper as the product of the coincidence between economic hardship or poverty and the survival of the family. To this end, policies aimed at eradicating or reducing child labour must also aim at improving the economic status of urban households. Therefore, the pursuit of an extreme economical and rational globalisation can hinder efforts at curbing child labour. The panacea may be for government to adopt a globalisation regime that allows big roles for the state in social provisioning. The African Anthropologist Vol.10(2) 2003: 105-124


A theoretical model for laminar filmwise condensation along an isothermal vertical wall at constant pressure has been formulated on the basis of conservation laws and other fundamental physical principles. The model was applied to the prediction of the influences of variable thermophysical properties of liquid and vapor layers in the filmwise condensation of superheated vapor of R12, R134a, R142b and R152a. The dimensionless velocity component method was employed in the transformation of the governing equations and their boundary conditions, and the polynomial method was used for treating variable thermophysical properties of liquid and vapor. Physical quantities, such as the dimensionless thickness of the liquid layer, local heat transfer rate and mean heat transfer coefficient, were investigated for different values of the superheated temperature of the stagnant vapor far from the wall. It was found that the value of mean heat transfer coefficient of R134a was higher than other refrigerants for the change of the superheated temperature.


Due to an error during production, the pagination of articles in issue 33:4 of Hematological Oncology started with page 113, which is the same start page used for issue 33:3. As such, issue 33:3 runs from page 113 to page 168, and issue 33:4 runs from page 113 to page 255. Since the error was only spotted after publication, we have decided to retain the published page numbers to avoid any confusion. Each article still retains a full bibliographic citation, which is unique with the inclusion of the issue number, DOI, or author names. We apologize for this error. The articles from issue 4 where page numbers have overlapped with articles from issue 3 are shown below with their full bibliographic citations. Of these, only three articles have the same start page number as articles from issue 3 (Morawska et al., Mahe et al., and Cosenza et al.), where the start page number is given in bold.


A high performance, programmable, floating point multiprocessor architecture has been specifically designed to exploit advanced two- and three-dimensional hybrid wafer scale packaging to achieve low size, weight, and power, and improve reliability for embedded systems applications. Processing elements comprised of a 0.8 micron CMOS dual processor chip and commercial synchronous SRAMs achieve more than 100 MFLOPS/Watt. This power efficiency allows up to 32 processing elements to be incorporated into a single 3D multichip module, eliminating multiple discrete packages and thousands of wirebonds. The dual processor chip can dynamically switch between independent processing, watchdog checking, and coprocessing modes. A flat, SRAM memory provides predictable instruction set timing and independent and accurate performance prediction.


As the multimedia has long achieved acceptance for the conveyance of information, QOS based multimedia routing is an important requirement in Mobile Adhoc Networks. QoS based routing over MANET requires an adaptive and fast solution for the path search problems. The complexity of routing in MANET increases due to the characteristics like dynamic topology, absence of centralized authority, time varying QoS requirements etc. The major challenge in this kind of networks is to find a path between the communication end points satisfying user's QoS requirement for multimedia and real time applications. However, the level of service is sensitive to the availability, Bandwidth, delay, jitter and loss ratio. The integration of these QoS parameters increases the complexity of used algorithms. The ant colony optimization is a best choice as it exhibits number of desirable properties for MANET routing. This paper provides an overview of research carried in Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based QOS routing algorithms for MANET.


Objectives: The main purpose of this research was to identify the perceived mental health (MH) concerns of caregivers and youths who present to the emergency department (ED) for MH services. The concordance between caregiver and youth perceptions and clinician ratings of MH concerns were evaluated. Expectations for the visit and perceived stressors that triggered the event are described. Methods: This study consisted of 241 youths accompanied by caregivers presenting to the ED for MH concerns requiring crisis intervention services. The Caregiver Perception Survey and Youth Perception Survey were completed. These surveys were designed to identify the caregivers' and youths' main concerns and perceived stressors, as well as their expectations in coming to the pediatric ED. A &khgr;2 analysis was conducted to determine the percentage of agreement of reported MH concerns between groups (youth, caregiver, and clinician), and &kgr; statistics are reported. Results: Caregivers' and youths' top 5 concerns were suicide ideation, depression or mood, suicidal attempt, anxiety, and self-injury. The top 3 stresses identified by both youths and their caregivers were school, issues with parents, and problems with friends/peers. The top 3 expectations that were noted by caregivers were help/guidance for child, assessment/ evaluation/diagnosis, and health care professional resources. Concordance rates between caregivers and youths for the top 5 concerns ranged from 39.4% to 80.6%. Concordance rates between clinician rating of concerns (as requiring some or immediate action) and caregiver concerns ranged from 18.4% to 45.2%. Concordance rates between clinician and youth ranged from 11.1% to 59.4%. Conclusions: The top 5 caregivers and youths' main concerns for coming to the ED were similar. However, concordance between perceived concern and clinician assessment is low. Caregivers' expectations for coming to the ED highlight their lack of knowledge of referral procedures and MH services.


One of the applied methods in the Qur'an for eloquence is abstaining from the literature and style of colloquial speech. Non-colloquiality of speech is one of the methods that sometimes the literati use to make their speech fascinating and call it defamiliarization; a phenomenon whose understanding has to be achievable for the listener. One of the methods of this literary approach is archaism. Archaism means applying words and phrases in colloquial and formal language that have become obsolete or using the vocabulary of a country in another country or reviving the words that are not available to the general public and give identity to the language. Archaism is one of the defamiliarization techniques in the Russia's formalist school of
literary criticism for attracting the listener's mind.
Our attempt in this research based on this approach is that with the descriptive-analytical method within the framework of the above-mentioned school we would search a number of archaic words in the thirtieth part of the Qur'an, find the benefits of the use and frequency of these words in other parts of the Qur'an, and study its outcomes.
The resultants of this research indicate that firstly, this mechanism is made use of in the Holy Qur'an; secondly, the archaic words used in this part of the Qur'an have been very insignificantly displayed in other parts of it; and thirdly, since most of the sūras of this part have been associated with the early years of the Messenger of God's Mission (the ambience of denial of the Truth by the polytheists), we find out that God has used the art and method of distinguishing His words for making them attractive for guidance of mankind.


In order to study the relationship between the recovery rate of a ecosystem,which is corresponding to predator-prey model whose capture rate is affected by the maximum capacity of the prey,and the maximum capacity of the prey,this paper calculates the recovery rate as the absolute value of the real part of the dominant eigenvalue in Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives at each equilibrium point of the ecosystem.Also,an analysis is conducted using theoretical and graphical means.The study results show that the warning length of the model is short and it has potential for a practical application.


The determination of protein structure and the exploration of protein folding landscapes are two of the key problems in computational biology. In order to address these challenges, both a protein model that accurately captures the physics of interest and an efficient sampling algorithm are required.

The first part of this thesis documents the continued development of CRANKITE, a coarse-grained protein model, and its energy landscape exploration using nested sampling, a Bayesian sampling algorithm.

We extend CRANKITE and optimize its parameters using a maximum likelihood approach. The efficiency of our procedure, using the contrastive divergence approximation, allows a large training set to be used, producing a model which is transferable to proteins not included in the training set.

We develop an empirical Bayes model for the prediction of protein β-contacts, which are required inputs for CRANKITE. Our approach couples the constraints and prior knowledge associated with β-contacts to a maximum entropy-based statistic which predicts evolutionarily-related contacts.

Nested sampling (NS) is a Bayesian algorithm shown to be efficient at sampling systems which exhibit a first-order phase transition. In this work we parallelize the algorithm and, for the first time, apply it to a biophysical system: small globular proteins modelled using CRANKITE. We generate energy landscape charts, which give a large-scale visualization of the protein folding landscape, and we compare the efficiency of NS to an alternative sampling technique, parallel tempering, when calculating the heat capacity of a short peptide.

In the final part of the thesis we adapt the NS algorithm for use within a molecular dynamics framework and demonstrate the application of the algorithm by calculating the thermodynamics of allatom models of a small peptide, comparing results to the standard replica exchange approach. This adaptation will allow NS to be used with more realistic force fields in the future.


Core analysis of identical, side-by-side samples of Rocky Mountain tight sandstone indicates that laboratory drying technique strongly affects the measured core permeabilities to gas. Samples dried to constant weight at 140/sup 0/F (60/sup 0/C) in a vacuum oven or in an unhumidified conventional laboratory oven have significantly higher permeabilities than identical samples dried to constant weight at 140/sup 0/F (60/sup 0/C) under 45% relative humidity. Drying the samples maintains the proper hydration states of swelling (smectite) clays present in ''dry'' gas-bearing tight sands in the ground. Drying in an unhumidified oven removes this hydration water, causes the clays in the flow paths to collapse, and increases the permeability of the core. This clay damage is irreversible. The authors recommend that Rocky Mountain tight sands be dried in a controlled-humidity chamber at 140/sup 0/F (60/sup 0/C) under 45% relative humidity until the samples reach stable weight. This drying technique will remove all free pore water while maintaining the proper hydration state of swelling clays. Cores dried with this procedure will reflect more accurately the properties of actual tight gas sand reservoirs.


Objectives To compare serum leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects, and to evaluate the relationship between leptin concentration and insulin resistance. Methods Forty-five women with PCOS and 20 controls were included in the study. Serum levels of leptin, testosterone, immune-reactive insulin (IRI), sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol, LH and FSH were measured. Free androgen index (FAI) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were assessed. Results Serum leptin levels in PCOS patients were higher than in the control group independently of BMI, WHR and waist circumference. In PCOS patients there was a strong positive correlation between leptin and IRI (r = 0.592, p < 0.01) on the one hand, and leptin and HOMA-IR, on the other (r = 0.637, p < 0.01). In PCOS patients with more pronounced insulin resistance (IR) the correlation between leptin levels and HOMA-IR is independent of BMI, WHR and waist circumference. We did not find any correlation between leptin and other hormonal indices in PCOS patients. Conclusions Our study confirms the existence of a significant positive correlation between serum leptin levels and clinical and hormonal indices of IR. The hyperleptinaemia is probably due to leptin resistance and may be characteristic of the syndrome. The lack of correlation with other hormonal parameters is probably due to the heterogeneity of the PCOS group.


When the values of design variables change, mode switching can often occur. If the mode interested is not tracked, frequencies and modes for design optimization can be miscalculated by modes that are different from intended those. Thus mode tracking must be employed to maintain identification of the frequencies and modes of interest whenever the value of design variables changes during optimization process. Also the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) must be performed for design problems with design variables containing uncertainty. In this research, we perform the RBDO considering mode tracking of a compressive coil spring, i.e., a component of the joint spring that supports compressor in refrigerators, with design variables containing uncertainty by using only the kriging metamodels based on multiple responses approach (MRA) without existing mode tracking methods. The reliability analyses for RBDO are employed with kriging metamodel-based Monte Carlo simulation.


The use and diversity of different data communications media, techniques and standards for ITS applications are proliferating as rapidly as ITS itself. As each new application area is added to the list of ITS applications it brings with it disparate technologies and increases the need for co-ordination between emerging ITS applications and between international organisations focusing on common applications. The paper uses, as its starting point, the three levels interoperability hierarchy as proposed by the European 'CARDME' project; 'technical', 'procedural' and 'contractual'. This paper then rapidly extends the model to relate current initiatives in DSRC standardisation to activities focusing on interoperability and, by highlighting real-world examples from the DSRC arena, provides a structure whereby the degree of interoperability between ITS applications can be enhanced. A review of the historical differences between Asia, Europe and the USA actually highlights the issues of viewing standardisation as not the objective itself but the means to achieve ITS service interoperability. Finally the 3-layer model is applied to legacy ITS technologies to show how earlier ITS investments can be protected. For the covering abstract see IRRD E102946.


Sixteen cashew types planted under Multi Locational Trial during 1989 were evaluated against Hypatima haligramma M. (Gelechiidae: Lepidoptera) during 1993–94 to 1995–96. The mean shoot infestation in different cashew types varied between 17.62 to 28.95 per cent. The early types recorded above 20.0 per cent damage while mid and late entries viz., H-1600, H-1610, Veng.3, VTH-30/4, VTH-59/2, Veng.4 and H-1608 recorded less than 20 per cent shoot infestation.


The middle to late Miocene Friasian sensu stricto, Colloncuran and Mayoan South American Land Mammal Ages (SALMAs) were established based on the mammals recovered from the Río Frías, Collón Curá and Río Mayo formations, respectively (southern Argentina and Chile). Records of Interatheriinae (Notoungulata) from these sediments have been known since the first contributions of Ameghino and Roth, but most of this material has only been superficially revised or is almost unstudied. Based on these old collections and new interatheriine records from Cerro Zeballos (Chubut Province), we improve the diagnosis of Caenophilus tripartitus, describe new and peculiar characters for this taxon, consider Epipatriarchus bifidens as Protypotherium cf. colloncurensis, and propose Epipatriarchus as a junior synonym of Protypotherium. In turn, the holotype of Epipatriarchus innexus is here identified as the mesotheriid Trachytypotherium sp. Therefore, only two genera of Interatheriinae, Protypotherium and Caenophilus, are recognized in the Friasian sensu stricto and Mayoan. We identify Protypotherium cf. endiadys and a probable new species of Protypotherium for the Friasian sensu stricto, P. cf. colloncurensis and Caenophilus tripartitus for the Mayoan, and C. tripartitus, P. colloncurensis and P. cf. endiadys for Cerro Zeballos. An extended phylogenetic analysis is performed, including species from low latitudes and new data for P. colloncurensis and Caenophilus tripartitus, with the latter recovered as a sister taxon to Miocochilius federicoi. Both Protypotherium and Miocochilius are recovered as paraphyletic. The updated information we present provides a better knowledge of Interatheriinae for the middle to late Miocene of southern South America.


Rosai-Dorfman Disease,or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy,is a chronic histiocytic spreading disorder with a benign process which in the majority of the cases has a tendency to spontaneous regression. The etiology is still unknown. It may affect both genders but it is predominant on men at their first and second decades of life. Even though it is characterized by a lymph node condition, it also compromises other organs such as skin, respiratory tract, urinary system, bones and the central nervous system. Skin injuries are generally numerous and unspecified. A male patient is introduced with Rosai-Dorman disease presenting bilateral cervical lymph nodes, elbow and ankle arthralgia and erythematic tumors on face. He was treated with intra-lesion corticosteroids and systemics with favorable evolution.


The 100 m and 400 m running results of the excellent woman athletes home and abroad are analyzed, contrasted and studied in this paper, then confirmed that developing absolute speed is the best key to improve 400 m running result. [WT5HZ]


Electrochemical fluorination of various alkyl-substituted pyridines affords the corresponding perfluoro-(N-fluoroalkylpiperidines) in yields [pyridine (8%), 2-methylpyridine (13%), 3-methylpyridine (2%), 2-ethylpyridine (1%), 2,4-dimethylpyridine (11%), 2,6-dimethylpyridine (26%), 3,5-dimethylpyridine (2%), and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (10%)] which depend to a large extent on the position and number of alkyl substituents. Electrochemical fluorination provides a useful route to fluorocarbons of structures corresponding to the original carbon skeletons in the alkylpyridine, together with related fluorocarbons produced by chain degradation. The production of other fluorocarbons reveals that carbon skeleton rearrangement can occur, but to only a minor extent, during electrochemical fluorination.


A technical research project has been instigated by Mine Environment Management Ltd (MEM) to determine how the application of fragmentation analysis to the characterisation, management and long-term planning of waste rock may provide opportunities to optimise project economics. Detailed laboratory-based heterogeneity testing including quantitative mineralogical analysis has been twinned with site-based fragmentation analysis to assess properties of as-mined waste at two operational sites. The technical assessment has involved analysis of geochemical and mineralogical properties across the range of particle size fractions represented by the mined waste product. The results indicate that fractionation of metal sulfides and carbonates as a result of fragmentation occurring during the mining process, is a key factor influencing the validity of a typical grade weighted cut-off grade and bulk property modelling approach to waste classification and modelling. It has been found that the geochemical properties of the waste as mined are not well represented by the bulk compositional values attributed in the waste block model. In addition, it has been found that if fragmentation analysis is used to inform economic assessment of long-term waste management costs, optimised waste management strategies can be identified that would otherwise have been missed.


The article briefly summarizes 376 diesel motor which can be used for the suitable engine a generator set(spare power supply).This kind of diesel motor was used as a vehicle engine(as mobile engine categorized by purpose) before,now the re-design and improvement of this kind of diesel motor is made become the best engine for the generator set(as fixed engine categorized by purpose).At the present,this noiseless generator sets are accepted by the most of users,the market potentiality is very big.


In the wake of the terrorist events on September 11, 2001, the government was faced with a public demand for increased airport security. The government had to respond in a way that ensured safety in air travel; Congress needed to pass laws mandating tighter security and stricter enforcement. In response, the Democratic Senate unanimously passed a bill called the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (Aviation Act), which would federalize airport security. The need for swift legislation surpassing partisan concerns, the Republican House and Bush Administration yielded to the Senate and agreed to federalize airport security. Given the political turmoil at the time, Congress may have acted too quickly in passing the Aviation Act without considering the full impact of the Aviation Act on citizens' privacy. Federalizing airport workers has far-reaching implications. Fifth Amendment restraints may now affect the hiring and firing process of federal screeners. The Fourth Amendment will contour the extent of security searches of passengers by federal workers. Although Congress may have noted the substantive effects of the law on citizens' privacy, in their haste to pass the law they overlooked an aspect of the law, that passengers who have their privacy impermissibly violated will be less able to secure a remedy for that violation. Passenger plaintiffs will now have to face the defense of qualified immunity and overcome the daunting obstacle of political justification. This article explores the implications of federalizing on passenger privacy and citizen suits.


Myopia is a condition in which distant objects cannot be clearly displayed on the retina by the optical system of the eye, because the incoming light is refracted in front of the retina or yellow spot. Along with genetic factors, another important aspect that affect myopia is lifestyle. When a pandemic strikes, it alters people's behavior. Outdoor activities have decreased significantly, while the use of gadgets has increased as a result of youngsters learning online, which needs the use of gadgets. This study aims to determine the increase in the incidence of myopia in children due the online learning process. The type of research conducted is in the form of literature review. Searches for data that meets literature reviews that match the topic are conducted online. Online searches conducted through scientific journal sites have a diverse and quality database, namely PubMed, Schocar, and Libgen published in the last 6 years (2015-2021). Researchers found 8 journals using keywords relevant to the study. The findings highlight that the use of smartphones can cause DED, myopia and blurred vision. Due the pandemic Covid-19 situation that occur today requires children to take part in online learning programs from home via smartphone screens. Indirectly, short distance activities and lack of exposure to natural sunlight increase asthenopia conditions and increase myopia cases for children. If not addressed early on, these risks becoming an explosion of myopia cases, while the end of the COVID-19 pandemic is still unknown. Therefore, myopia preventive measures are required during pandemic outbreaks that are relevant and effective.


Objective:To analyze the effect of EEG biofeedback on children with ADHD.Methods:48 children with ADHD received EEG biofeedback treatment(40times).The outcome was evaluated with EEG-EMG-SC-TEMP,WMS and C-WISC-R before and after treatment.Results: θandθ/βdropped after treatment(P0.01),βand SMR improved after treatment(P0.01).MQ、PIQ、IQ、CIQ improved(P0.01),VIQ improved(P0.05).Conclusions: EEG biofeedback can improve brainwave and cognitive function of children with ADHD.


This feature class contains section corner coordinates established using survey grade GPS supplemented by traditional surveying methodology when corners were not directly observable.


Within the context of the economic valuation, the presence and absence of open space has an effect on the residential property value in urban areas. Residents in a city esteemed these open spaces differently. They are keen to pay a premium for attractive views willingly. This study only assessed the amenity value of open spaces especially green parks and water bodies of two planned urban residential neighborhoods of Dhaka city in Economic terms. An empirical analysis is carried out by employing Hedonic Price Method (HPM) to analyze the impact of open space attributes on real price of residential properties. The six storied walkup and high-density apartments are typical for upper and middle-income residents in Dhaka city. Together with a set of structural, location and socio-economic variables the research use to explain residential property prices; this study focuses on three amenity or environmental variables which include the existence of views of open spaces, the distance from the residential unit to the nearest open space, and the size of that open space. The regression analysis result from the first stage hedonic estimation reveal that homebuyers are willing to pay only for scenic views and living in the closest proximity to open spaces especially green parks. In contrast results for the size of the nearest open space for houses do not show a significant relationship on nearby property values. This estimated valuation of open spaces and their amenity benefits will be useful for policy making in urban design for both developers and planners, composing new strategies for land use planning and sustainable development, open space conservation and property appraisal.


The State of Texas has issued water rights permits for Lakes Buchanan and Travis that allow the Lower Colorado River Authority to make water available to both firm and interruptible customers. Firm customers can be supplied in an amount up to the firm yield. Interruptible water may be available when firm demands are less than the firm yield, but interruptible supplies are cut off under drought conditions. The drought of record in this region of Texas occurred from 1947 to 1952, during a period of low inflow from 1946 through 1957. As a safeguard for firm customer supplies, the state permit requires that LCRA establish criteria to monitor for a drought worse than the drought of record and declare that a current drought is worse than the drought of record if conditions warrant. If a drought worse than the drought of record is declared, measures are taken to extend firm supplies. In this study, LCRA's current method for monitoring and declaring a drought worse than the drought of record and candidate replacement methods were evaluated. The study found that in addition to being difficult to communicate, the current method could overlook a moderate drought of extended duration. The study investigated Precipitation Indicators, Drought Indices, and regionally focused methods. Candidate methods were the Reservoir Deficit Index Method, a Revised LCRA Method and the Cumulative Runoff Deficit Method. Each of these would be an appropriate measure of drought intensity and would provide a legitimate determination of a drought worse than the drought of record. However, each has benefits and shortcomings that must be weighed against ease of communication and computation.


Metacognitive therapy (MCT) is a relatively new approach to treating mental disorders. The aim of the current meta‐analysis was to examine the efficacy of MCT in patients with mental disorders.


Coronary heart disease in 80% of cases can be the substrate of fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Patients with resuscitated cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction with reduced ejection fraction in the past medical history, the cases of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) are at high risk of fatal arrhythmias development and require alertness to prevent SCD. Nowadays new risk factors of SCD and effective methods aimed at the primary prevention of SCD are needed. Despite the high cost, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) are considered to be important and effective for primary and secondary prevention of SCD. Although there is no specific evidence that the use of therapies focused on the control of risk factors mentioned above reduces the incidence of SCD, one may state the treatments oriented to the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis will reduce the incidence of ischemic myocardial injury, thus significantly affecting the risk of SCD. Many studies have provided data on the reduction of the risk of SCD when using antiplatelet agents, betablockers, inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme. In a number of interesting observations decreased rate of VF and VT with long-term use of statins in patients with coronary artery disease were noted. Furthermore in studies with high risk patients included after the implantation of cardioverter-defibrillators a decrease in incidence of transient ventricular arrhythmias from 57 to 22 % was revealed with the administration of lipidlowering agents. Recent studies indicate a significant increase in survival of patients after myocardial revascularization. However, after the operation a risk of life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with a history of SCD remains still high. One of the major achievements in the prevention of SCD is the development of ICD. Currently, there is incontrovertible evidence of high efficacy of ICD in the prevention of SCD. The vast majority of studies on the efficacy of ICD in the primary and secondary prevention of SCD demonstrated the important role of their use in patients with coronary artery disease. The use of modern and effective methods of medical and surgical treatment properly will help to increase survival and improve the quality of life of this difficult group of patients.


Rotary compressor is most widely used in small capacity refrigeration and heat pump systems. For the air source heat pump, the heating capacity and the COP will be obviously degraded when it is utilized in low temperature ambient. Gas injection is an effective method to enhance its performance under those situations, which has been well applied in air source heat pump with scroll compressor. However, the development of the gas injection technology in rotary compressor is relatively slow due to limited performance improvement. In this research, the essential reason constraining the improvement of the gas injection on the rotary compressor and its heat pump system is identified. Two new injection structures for rotary compressors has been put forward to overcome the drawback of traditional injection structures. Based on a verified numerical model, the thermodynamic performance of air source heat pumps with the new gas-injected rotary compressor are investigated. The results indicate that, compared to the air source heat pump with the traditional gas injected rotary compressor, the new injection structures both can enhance heating capacity and COP of the air source heat pump obviously.


In studies on the effects of irradiation in swine, microorganisms with colonial characteristics of the genus Actinobacillus were isolated from the blood and/or synovial fluid of inflamed hocks of four adult pigs and one piglet. These cultures were hemolytic, and otherwise varied little physiologically from available strains of Actinobacillus lignle resii and A. equuli. Therefore, attempts were made to further characterize these organisms isolnted from swine blood and synovial fluid, and to examine their biological similarities to strains of A. equuli, A. lignieresii, and A. mallei. Four of the isolates were from the blood of adult swine killed by an atomic explosion and the fifth was from a lethally irradiated young pig. These isolates were serologically related to strains of A. equuli and A. lignieresii; the latter species comprised a serologically heterogeneous group with irtergrading antigenic properties. Although A. equuli and A. lignieresii are classified in the literature as separate species on the basis of the ability of the former but not the latter to produce nitrite from nitrate, this separate speciation could not be confirmed, and it is proposed that the taxonomic designation equuli be discortinued. Also, A. Mallei strains were very different from other Actinobacillus strains, and itmore » is suggested that the species A. mallei be designated as Pseudomonas mallei. In virulence studies, the actinobacflli isolated from irradiated swine did not produce evident disease when 1 billion cells were injected intraperitoneally in guinea pigs, but 500 million cells injected irto mice caused 35% mortality in 24 hr. (BBB)« less


Channel-matched adaptive coherent receivers are implemented using aperture arrays. As an alternative to training-based channel estimation, we analyze the performance of sequential techniques for blind adaptation of multi-aperture channel-matched receivers in coherent laser communications.


By analysing the flameout process of a 1000 MW boiler with low load in a power plant,it has been determined that the flameout causes are due to the collapse of furnace coke,burner wear,poor anti-interference of the fire detection,ect.Therefore,effective countermeasures are to be taken,including the operation measures,equipment maintenace,and the fire detection management,with a view to providing reference to the safe and stable operation of the similar boilers.


Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been recognized as a promising harvesting technology to satisfy the power requirements of some marine activities. Our current work addresses the TENG design for the purpose of energy harvesting in the sea. In this paper we present a prototype currently under development, in which spheres made of a triboelectric material move within a limited volume due to external mechanical excitation. The spheres move along a printed circuit board having several electrodes and a PDMS film deposited on top, producing numerous voltage spikes. Experimental results are provided with time-domain wave forms and power characterization of the TENG.


Abstract The regioselective synthesis of 3-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines via triflic anhydride mediated amide activation and intramolecular cyclisation is reported. The nature of the added pyridine base allows access to both regioisomers from a simple common precursor. The method tolerates a range of functional groups and provides access to novel heterocyclic scaffolds.


Introduction. Kelly [3] is the first one who studied the theory of bitopological space. A motivation for the study of bitopological spaces is to generalize the pseudo quasi metric space (which we denote as p q metric). In this paper one observes the relation between p q metric spaces and the bitopological spaces which are generated by them. In chapter 2, one defines p-complete normal (i.e., pairwise complete normal) space and shows that p q metric space is p-complete normal. In the last chapter the p q metrisable problem is considered, and one of the Sion and Zelmer's result [4] is proved directly by a bitopological method. Throughout notations and definitions follow [2] and [3]. Definition. A p q metric on set X is a non-negative real valued function p : X x X-~R (reals) such that


This chapter discusses the processes of anticipation and valuation underlying neural networks. It first considers the concept of delay and temporality before introducing a value system. It is accepted that the nervous system knows how to manage time. But is it able to generate anticipatory representations of the future? Since the early 1950s, experimental psychologists have observed that when a rat is involved in an experimental task involving choices, it moves its head alternately in the direction of the various possible options. They called this behaviour 'vicarious trial and error' because they postulated that it corresponded to behavioural evidence of the cognitive processes of anticipatory deliberation. Anticipating is one thing, but economists argue that in order to be able to choose, one must attribute utility to the different options. This utility is subjective and only reflects the subject's preference for the option, but rationality can only be defined if the different options are evaluated according to preference. This chapter then looks at the role of dopaminergic neurons in stimulus-response association processes, exploring the properties of the responses of dopaminergic neurons during learning and decision-making processes.


Envelopes 1 are fed into support elements 3,3'. Plates 5,5' lower and clamp the envelopes 1 when a stack has been formed, and the support elements then either translate apart by means of jacks 3d,3'd or rotate about pivots (see Fig 4) such that the stack of envelopes 1 can be lowered between the support elements 3,3' into a storage box 9.


The culture of Japanese poetry, waka, is richly visual. In Poetry as Image Tomoko Sakomura examines the ways the visual culture of waka in sixteenth-century Japan engages with practice and protocol developed over the course of the previous six centuries, and what these engagements reveal about the role of the past in cultural productions of the present.


Illumination is one of the important environmental factors that affect the growth,development and accumulation of total gypenosides in Gynostemma pentaphyllnum.Seedlings of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Gynostemma pentagynum were grown under yellow film,green film and a shading net for 45 d in a relative illumination intensity of 30%~36% natural light,and natural light(CK),then the morphological indices and total gypenosides content were determined.The petiole length and stem length of G.pentaphyllum under yellow film were significantly larger than those under natural light.The stem length and biomass under yellow film were also significantly larger than those under a shading net with similar illumination intensity.The petiole length under green film was significantly larger than that under natural light,but the number of new sprouted leaves and biomass were less than those under natural light and shading net significantly.The plants under natural light had the highest content of total gypenosides,while that under yellow film came the second,and that under the shading net was the lowest.Under similar illumination intensity condition,yellow film accelerated the yield of total gypenosides,while green film decreased the yield.The spectrum analysis showed that red light and orange light with wavelength of 600~720 nm were the effective light quality that promoting the growth and gypenosides accumulation in G.pentaphyllum.Similar change was presented in G.pentagynum.


Complexity is perhaps the single most cited cause of project failure. Complexity exists throughout the whole of the project lifecycle and is not always apparent until the project is running into difficulty. The aim of this paper is to present a suite of metrics that can be used to highlight complexity at all phases of the project lifecycle, rather than just after the system has been built. A basic assumption of the work is that all models for the system are represented using the industry standard Unified Modelling Language (UML).


Paper currency plays a vital role in almost all domains requiring financial transactions. Paper currencies are of different for different nations and form the backbone of international trade and commerce and thus require proper and efficient management. Currency recognition has been always of great interest to researchers. The primary objective of this work is mainly focused on automatic detection different paper currencies on the basis of their respective nationalities to ensure proper management of economic resources. Furthermore studies about the detection process under unfavorable conditions have also been included. This robustness study constitutes the secondary objective. Index Terms — currency recognition; SURF features, noise


An approach based on FPGA to accomplish Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique(SIRT) of Emission Spectral Tomography(EST) is proposed to process floating point numbers,the proposition of the approach make it possible to accomplish SIRT algorithm on FPGA,it also extends the scope of application of FPGA.The methods of combination of adopting Verilog language and invoking the open IP core of Atera to design the FPGA.At last the results of several simulation are given.


The next generation networks (NGN) will consist of converged networks, using fixed and wireless, as well as circuit-switched and packed-switched infrastructure. The key promise of these NGN lies in the ability to develop and deploy innovative services rapidly and efficiently. In this paper, describe architecture and framework of Parlay API and XML-based scripting languages for creating value-added services in NGN. Based on them propose a scheme of service creation environment (SCE) of NGN.


As the injection total pressure increases, the flow field in the combustion chamber of rotating detonation engine (RDE) becomes complicated and the detonation wave becomes unstable. When the total pressure is high enough, the detonation oscillates periodically and alternates between strong and weak. Under the same injection conditions, no oscillation is observed in two-wave RDE, and the two detonation waves propagate stably in the combustion chamber. The choking ratio of the injection Laval nozzle along the head end is not influenced by the total pressure, the mode of propagation, or the number of detonation waves. And thus the mass flux of RDE can be estimated using the maximum mass flux of the injection Laval nozzle. The specific impulse and thrust of RDE show overall growth as total pressure increases. However, they oscillate with the unstable detonation wave in one-wave RDE at high total pressure.


Altogether 301 patients with urosepsis were hospitalized at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr Fran Mihaljevic" in Zagreb during 2009, comprising a total of 47% patients with sepsis. These were mostly cases of secondary, community acquired sepsis, often a consequence of complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). Mostly elderly patients (223 ; 74%) were hospitalized, older than 60 years of age, with some of the risk factors present in over 60% of cases. The disease occurred more frequently in women (68, 44%). Enterobacteria were isolated in 276 (62, 30%) samples, most commonly E.coli (41, 76%), K. pneumoniae (9, 54%) and P. mirabilis (8, 35%). Enterobacterial resistance to co- amoxiclav was 11, 96%, ceftriaxone 17, 75%, cefuroxime 20, 29%, ciprofloxacin 25, 72%, gentamicin 13, 04%, co-trimoxazole 37, 32% and nitrofurantoin 25%. The resistance of a single most common pathogen, E.coli, was within expected levels, to amoxicilin 58, 70%, co- trimoxazole 29, 19%, co-amoxiclav 4, 32% with intermediate susceptibility of 10, 27% and to ciprofloxacin 16, 22%. The therapy in the majority of patients was started as empirical, parenteral, and was continued according to antibiogram results, so that the most commonly administered drug was co-amoxiclav and II and III generation cephalosporins. The majority of urosepsis cases were classified as moderately severe sepsis in 74%, while septic shock was recorded in 18% of patients. In the majority of patients the outcome of treatment was favorable, so that 87% of patients were discharged from hospital as improved or cured, while 13% of the patients died.


Silver under ambient conditions is always covered at least with adsorbed atomic oxygen and coadsorbed C02, and at 300 the low susceptibility of the metal to oxidation may thus be assigned to the existence of this overlayer. At elevated temperatures surface species are desorbed without leading to a higher reactivity of Ag. Our experiments showed that under these conditions in the presence of 02 large amounts of dissolved oxygen are formed, and this species proved to be hard to remove either thermically or by heating the sample in hydrogen. According to the structural conditions of the silver lattice atomic oxygen fits perfectly into the octahedral holes so that dissolution is possible with hardly changing the atomic distances.


The corporate world has given remarkable contribution to the Indian economy. Over the years, it has proved itself as an engine in India's growth story. This success results from a good leadership styles adopted over the years. However the term 'Spirituality' when shared with a professional, one will have conflicts to understand this term. Spirituality is not just commitment and loyalty: But they live in such a logical and task based environment that this term is mistaken with religiousness. What really needs to be pushed in is the idea of Spirituality as a strong force of Values in Leadership and that is where the concept "Spiritually guided Leadership" comes into the equation to push that idea ahead. The prime objective of this paper is to highlight the different aspects of spirituality with the help of a model influenced by Prof. Subhash Sharma's work in Indian ethos. The study focuses on the unique Leadership style but with a pinch of spirituality.


The inquiries made in 1590 about the activities of general attorneys of Granada in lawsuits of gentlemanship from 1579 until 1590 are analyzed and studied here, along with the edition of a documental collection which summarizes them. The full text of the inquiries performed by the magistrate Benavente de Benavides, which were focused on general attorney Diego de Amezaga and are enclosed in the Visit by don Juan de Acuna to that Royal Chancellery, as well as a documental collection summarising them, are provided. The precision of this performance, its neatly legal nature and the consequences it had, give a new perspective on these litigations that in certain cases have been defined by the historiography as mere formalities and that however had a complex and hard nature that were kept unnoticed until now.


Collecting and cultivating medicinal plants has a long tradition in Serbia, but the quantities of wild-crafted plants are in constant decline thanks mostly to demographic changes, while to a lesser extent to market quality demands, as well as restrictive measures to protect biodiversity (Živković et al., 2020). The cultivation of medicinal plants provides standardized plant raw materials for the demands of the pharmaceutical industry (Chen et al., 2016). This raw material is obtained from botanically identified plants grown in an environment where they achieve the maximum content of specialized metabolites and are harvested at the optimal stage of development (Dajic Stevanovic and Pljevljakušić, 2015). The profitability of medicinal plant cultivation is often seductive in media reports, but answers to the questions of real costs are often overlooked (Pljevljakušić and Brkić, 2020). Therefore, this manuscript aims to review the current state of collection and production of medicinal plants in Serbia and to present recent market data and most of the main costs that follow this type of plant production, using the example of growing artichoke and ribwort plantain.


A time-dependent cross-shore model for sand suspension and transport in the surf zone on a beach is compared with an irregular wave experiment that was conducted on an equilibrium terraced beach, consisting of fine sand in a wave flume. The measured free surface elevations and cross-shore velocities dominated by irregular wave motions are predicted within errors of the order of 20%. The measured sand concentrations dominated by intermittent high suspension events are predicted only within a factor of about two, because this ID numerical model does not account for sand suspension processes due to eddies and turbulence generated by irregular breaking waves. The computed net cross-shore sediment transport rate is relatively small and is not zero when the net rate must be zero for the equilibrium beach. Relatedly, the computed difference between the time-averaged sand suspension and settling rates is relatively small and is not zero. A better understanding of sand suspension processes will be required to predict the small net rates more accurately.


By means of thermal simulating experiment in the open system,the authors of this paper study the hydrocarbon generation characteristic of Jurassic coal-measure source rocks in Tarim Basin.The result of experiment indicate that hydrocarbon generation of coal source rock is very low when the value of Ro is below 1.0% or 1.2%,it cannot reach to 5%~10% of the total gas yield,even more lower.The period of large quantity of generation ordinary begins at the value of Ro equal to 1.2%,the gas yield is very high(above 85% of the total gas yield) in this evolution period the value of Ro is below 2.2% or 2.4%,while the value of Ro is above 2.2% or 2.4%,the gas yield of coal source rock is very low(below 5%~10% of the total gas yield).According to the result of experiment,the accumulative hydrocarbon generation of coal mudstone is 179m3/t·TOC,when the value of Ro is exceed 2.4%,the hydrocarbon generation decrease very fast,which close to the threshold of hydrocarbon generation.


How are societies influenced by electoral violence? Electoral violence has become an endemic feature of many countries. Yet we know little about the implications of such violence and the effect it has on individuals and their relationship to politics. This paper analyses electoral violence at the village level in central Sri Lanka, to understand the local dynamics involved. Several conclusions are drawn about electoral violence, its victims, and influence on politics. For instance, it was found that violence directly influenced political participation, voter turnout and voters' mobility. Violence also had profound effects on the villagers' perceptions about politics, with fear and frustration lingering for years after the violence occurred.


The electoral victories of neoconservatism in the United Kingdom and the United States of America had evident impacts on the European right, namely in terms of their revitalization and organizational, discursive, doctrinal and prepositive updated stance. In the case of the Portuguese radical right, this influence and moralizing example are clear. Ostracized and kept in political marginality after the Revolution of April 25, 1974, Portuguese right-wingers saw in the advances of neoconservatism the possible way to rehabilitate themselves in democracy and, at the same time, to accommodate their old principles to a fashionable political-economic narrative.


From point view of distributed system structure and by taking example of automatic system of dam safety monitoring , reliability of distributed system for dam monitoring is analyzed systematically . At first , the definition and index of reliability are presented and then the measures for improving reliability of distributed system for dam monitoring and statistic method for defining reliability index are given .


Suspension and expulsion, or disciplinary exclusion, are applied when students are perceived as engaging in unsafe behaviours, for example: being disruptive or aggressive, possessing, using or trafficking a weapon, engaging in physical or sexual assault, committing robbery, threatening, possessing alcohol or drugs, swearing at authority or bullying (Gill, 2017; Government of Ontario, 2009; NSW Department of Education and Communities, 2011). Despite the violence and adversity inherent in these situations, very little attention has been paid to experiences of violence, trauma or adversity in the lives of students who are disciplinarily excluded (Crosby et al., 2018; Mallett, 2017;


Acremonium obclavatum was frequently found associated with pustules of the rust fungus Puccinia arachidis on groundnut in Madras, India. Inoculation of A. obclavatum before, with, or after inoculation with P. arachidis reduced the number and size of uredosori both on intact and detached leaves of groundnut plants. Treatments with A. obclavatum resulted in reductions in number of pustules and uredospores, delay in maturity and opening of uredosori, and reduced viability of uredospores. The application of culture filtrates of A. obclavatum also reduced the number and size of pustules on intact and detached groundnut leaves. The potential use of A. obclavatum in biological control of groundnut rust is discussed. Key words: groundnut, Arachis hypogaea, groundnut rust, Puccinia arachidis, Acremonium obclavatum, biological control.


It is the imperfect system that constrains the implementation of Shaaxi listed companies annual salary system.On the basis of studying the implementation environment of Shaanxi listed companies annual salary system,the author thinks that the lower level of salary,lack connections between the standards of annual salary and companies'economic results,achievement of higher managers are the key issues in the implementation of annual salary.Then the author gives some advices to improve the mechanism of listed companies annual salary continuing,these advices include making laws and regulations,straightening out relationships of various sectors,working out some examination indexes and so on.


Gina Biegel, founder of Stressed Teens, is creator of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction for Teens (MBSR-T). She has authored several books on stress reduction and mindfulness. She provides online ...


This article provides insight into how an adequate approach to selecting methods can establish credible and actionable evidence. The authors offer strategies to effectively support Extension professionals, including program developers and evaluators, in being more deliberate when selecting appropriate qualitative and quantitative methods. In addition, several examples of commonly used measures are described to help in determining their applicability for evaluating Extension programs. Benefits and challenges of select methods are discussed as well as pitfalls to avoid that can derail the evaluative process. Lastly, a few cases are shared to present how Extension is aiming to establish credible evidence through state efforts and at the national level. The authors discuss the use of practical designs (e.g., common measures) that offer a more uniform way of evaluating programs. Examples are also included to highlight the effective use of Extension reporting systems that aim to streamline data collection, evaluation, and reporting as a means to ensure more credibility.


The purpose of this study is to compare, by means of a cross-site analysis, the findings obtained from several earlier participant observation studies conducted by the author. The problems of teaching art to preadolescents are explored by taking into account the experiences and reflections of teachers and students as well as the observations of the researcher. To provide a framework for discussion and to clarify the nature and extent of these problems, they are categorized as (a) contradictions in student behaviors, (b) instructional demands, and (c) institutional contingencies. In suggesting the potential significance of this study of preadolescent art programs, cautious recommendations are made for improvements at this level.


The application of cloud computing in digital educational resources integration of university,will have an important impact on the digital educational resources.Problems and feasibility of digital educational resources are analyzed,point out the advantages and role of cloud computing in digital educational resources integration of university of technology,proposed the implementation scheme of this application.In order to improve the sharing rate the digital education resource,reduce the construction of digital educational resources and maintenance costs,and the future of cloud computing application in digital educational resources integration is discussed.


Equations of motion for the vortices of the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii (2dGP) and Higgs (2dH) equations are derived with use of the Lagrangian formulation. The relation between symmetry properties and conservation laws for the vortex solutions are discussed. We observe numerical evidence of the chaotic behaviors of few vortex systems. This indicates that the 2dGP and 2dH equations are nonintegrable.


We propose an "estimation of distribution algorithm" incorporating switching. The algorithm enables switching from the standard estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) to the genetic algorithm (GA), or vice versa, on the basis of switching criteria. The algorithm shows better performance than GA and EDA in deceptive problems. key words: estimation of distribution algorithm, genetic algorithm, Bayesian network, switching


SUMMARY The depths to the tops of the zones of intermediate-depth seismicity beneath arc volcanoes are determined using the hypocentral locations of Engdahl et al. These depths are constant, to within a few kilometres, within individual arc segments, but differ by tens of kilometres from one arc segment to another. The range in depths is from 65 km to 130 km, inconsistent with the common belief that the volcanoes directly overlie the places where the slabs reach a critical depth that is roughly constant for all arcs. The depth to the top of the intermediate-depth seismicity beneath volcanoes correlates neither with age of the descending ocean floor nor with the thermal parameter of the slab. This depth does, however, exhibit an inverse correlation with the descent speed of the subducting plate, which is the controlling factor both for the thermal structure of the wedge of mantle above the slab and for the temperature at the top of the slab. We interpret this result as indicating that the location of arc volcanoes is controlled by a process that depends critically upon the temperature at the top of the slab, or in the wedge of mantle, immediately below the volcanic arc.


In this paper, the adjustable double refraction phenomenon of Electrorhological fluids (ERF) was investigated. The measurements have been made of He-Ne laser through suspension of silica and pentaerythrite in silicone oil. When electric field was applied perpendicular to the laser beam, it was found that no light gets through the pair of perpendicular polarizing plate and analyzer plate without electric field. But when ERF is brought to bear electric field, the transmission light intensity increases with the electric field to be rising. For ERF of the same material, the double refraction phenomenon is more obviously to the low concentration. It is thought that the double refraction phenomenon of ERF is due to the fact that the particles link together to form thin chains or thick columns.


Abstract: This paper is a monograph of an academic research paper entitled The Implementation of Classroom-Based Assessment within the English Secondary School Teachers in Riau Province-Indonesia (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2012). Chronologically, it discloses such aspects as the changes of curriculum, the ignorance of productive skills, the functions of English in ASEAN economic community, the authentic teaching & learning, the authentic teaching materials, the authentic assessment, the related study, and the implications & recommendations.


Background and Objective: Determining the health literacy level of teachers and their awareness of health-related issues helps to identify and meet the educational needs of students. The aim of this study was to determine the health literacy of elementary school teachers in Shahrekord. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 Elementary school teachers in Shahrekord were selected via consensus sampling in 2017. Data were collected using questionnaires on demographic characteristics and health literacy (TOHFLA). Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 18 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests (e.g., linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation). Results: The results showed that the mean score of health literacy in numerical ability test was 76.17±17.67 and for reading comprehension skill was 63.34±38.29. Also, the mean score of total health literacy was obtained 73.60±17.74. 60% of teachers in the numeracy part and 48.3% of them in the reading comprehension part had borderline health literacy level. There was a significant relationship between health literacy and age /economic status (P = 0.05). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that age is the main predictors of health literacy (β= 0.096), P = 0.044). Conclusion: Regarding the moderate level of teachers' health literacy and its relationship with health literacy of students in schools, it is necessary to Design, implement and evaluate Targeted educational interventions related to health literacy. Paper Type: Research Article


Yoshihide Wada will receive the 2018 Hydrologic Sciences Early Career Award at AGU's Fall Meeting 2018, to be held 10–14 December in Washington, D. C. The award "acknowledges early career prominence and promise of continued contributions to hydrologic science."


US memorandum on British request for the Mixed Claims Commission to consider claims by British and Canadian assurance companies regarding the destruction of the Black Tom Terminal in New York ny German agents on July 30, 1916.


This paper introduces SUNTEK intelligent network application platform which is applied totelecommunications area. Hardware structure,software design,system function,mode of networking ofSUNTEKINAP and the new telecommunication services provided on the INAP are introduced in this arti-cle.


This work reports the use of halogenated alcohols in catalyzing a unique amidination reaction using 2-aminophenylboronic acid. Trials using acetonitrile as the reactant nitrile showed that the amidination efficiency increased from 33% with salicylic acid, to 78% with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and finally quantitative yields with perfluorinated pinacol. This protecting group proved to be highly efficient for amidination of several different nitrile groups with only mild heating


The present invention relates to an organic semiconductor material, the solvent, and to compositions comprising specifically selected polymer particles which make it possible to modify the viscosity of such compositions. The present application further relates to the use of such compositions in the manufacture of an organic electronic device.


1: The possibilities for the pedagogical application of psychology, physiology and other sciences concerning man grow with the progressive development of these sciences. The immediate future of pedagogy is undoubtedly linked with its growing incorporation of these applications, especially of the resources and reserves of human development that relate to usage for purposes of communist upbringing.


The project deals with the issue of well-being in the penitentiary organizations and therefore the dynamics concerning relations between civil and prison professionals as well as between professionals and inmates. The approach that the partnership intends to adopt, in order to promote initiatives to support the improvement of intra-prison conditions, consists in the realization of working meetings. These allow the partners to start transferring information – such as exchanging and sharing experiences – acquired through previous experiences (projects, academic works and so on) based on the following topics: psychophysical health of professionals and inmates; training the professionals and inmates; communication between professionals and inmates; planning the space, the time in order to have the best use of them. The target of the project is aimed at: internal prison professionals, able to get through the exchange of best practices, the acquisition of knowledge and the development of skills about the above topics; other human resources of training organizations already involved in issues concerning well-being in public administrations and, where possible, in prisons. In so doing, it is possible to share experiences and skills within the whole partnership.


The nuclear energy is a good alternative to meet the continuous increase in world energy demand. In this pers-pective, VHTRs (Very High Temperature Reactors) are serious candidates for energy generation due to its   inherently safe performance, low power density and high conversion efficiency. However, the viability of these reactors depends on an efficient safety system in the operation of nuclear plants. The HTR (High Temperature Reactor)-10 model, an experimental reactor of the pebble bed type, is used as a case study in this work to perform the thermohydraulic simulation. Due to the complex patterns flow that appear in the pebble bed reactor core CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) techniques are used to simulate these reactors. A realistic approach is adopted to simulate the central annular column of the reactor core. As geometrical model of the fuel elements was selected the BCC (Body Centered Cubic) arrangement. Parameters considered for reactor design are available in the technical report of benchmark issues by IAEA (TECDOC-1694). We obtain the temperature profile distribution in the core for regimes where the coolant flow rate is smaller than recommended in a normal operation. In general, the temperature distributions calculated are consistent with phenomenological behavior. Even without considering the reactivity changes to reduce the reactor power or other safety mechanisms, the maximum temperatures do not exceed the recommended limits for TRISO fuel elements.


The article is devoted to a procedural order of taking suspect's evidence. The concept of evidence recorded in law assumes their taking only when carrying out interrogation, at the same time, the analysis of criminal procedure norms allows us to assume that evidence can be taken and as a result of other investigative actions. The possibility of taking suspect's evidence as a result of a confrontation, presentation for identification, verification of evidence is proved; the purposes of their carrying out are defined. Data received during specified investigation are important for a case and are considered to be evidence. Interrogation is the main way of taking suspect's evidence. The confrontation, presentation for identification, verification of indications can't be carried out without interrogation. The confrontation is carried out for the purpose of elimination of essential contradictions between evidence of earlier interrogated participants. The mentioned objective is reached by taking evidence in rotation from each of the participants. The presentation purpose for identification is identification or distinction of the identified object with that which is remembered by the identifier. It is impossible without taking evidence from identifier by means of which identifier reports, on what signs he identifies this object. Verification of evidence on the spot is also connected with taking evidence as it starts with the offer to the person, whose evidence is verified, to call a place where investigation is carried out, to reproduce evidence presented which relate to the environment.


We have investigated how chemistry textbooks use models of redox reactions in different subject areas, how they change models between and within the topics, and how they deal with specific learning difficulties identified in the literature. The textbooks examined were published for use in the natural science programme in Swedish upper secondary schools and in the UK A-level course. As a starting point, the defined redox models found in the literature were used to investigate the textbooks. The results show that all redox models are used with the addition of alternative representations. Authors exclusively use the electron and the oxidation number models in inorganic chemistry. In organic chemistry, the oxygen and hydrogen model are used, and in biochemistry mainly hydrogen and alternative representations. There is no guide to changes of models between the subject areas. However, within the inorganic chemistry, authors guide model change which was not identified in either organic or biochemistry. Regarding the learning difficulties, the authors dealt with just a few of them.


Abstract. Resonators with an equidistant spectrum are often required in optics. One of the ways to obtain it is the frequency degeneracy of the resonator mode, which is observed, for example, in the well-known classical (linear) confocal resonator. At the same time, there exist configurations of ring resonators similar to it in terms of their properties—ring confocal resonators. In the first approximation, they can be obtained using several reflecting surfaces in the cavity, at least one of which is concave toroid with radii of curvature in the two main meridional sections ensuring the confocal condition and the degeneracy of the spectrum. Such resonators can be used, in particular, as sensitive elements of miniature optical gyroscopes. We consider the specifics and properties of ring confocal resonators and the conditions necessary to obtain them. Using the modified Fox and Li method to calculate open-ring resonators with astigmatic reflective surfaces, the field of the ring confocal resonator is simulated.


Objective To evaluate the cytotoxicity of four root canal filling materials on periodontal ligament cells.Methods Periodontal ligament cells were cultured in vitro.Four root canal filling materials AH Plus,Cortisomol,RoekoSeal and zinc oxide-eugenol were selected,each including fresh and aged specimens.Extraction of fresh specimens was carried out after setting and aged specimens were kept in a humid chamber at 37℃ for 7 days before extraction.Periodontal ligament cells were exposed to either diluted (50%) or original eluates for 24h and 48h.Cell viability was examined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method.Results In fresh specimens,Cortisomol and zinc oxide-eugenol were more cytotoxic than other materiarls.In aged specimens,RoekoSeal was slightly cytotoxic,AH Plus and Cortisomol presented moderately cytotoxic,and zinc oxide-eugenol showed strongly cytotoxic.When the cells were exposed to eluates for 48 h,RoekoSeal and AH Plus enhanced cellular viability,whereas Cortisomol and zinc oxide-eugenol presented slightly negative effects on cell viability.No significant difference was found between diluted (50%) and original eluates.Conclusion RoekoSeal had the least cytotoxic effect on periodontal ligament cells.


The three-phase series-end winding motor drive (SWMD), which connects the three-phase windings in series with identical polarity, is attracting attention due to excellent drive performance. However, when the fault occurs on the center bridges that are multiplexed, smooth torque output capability cannot be obtained anymore, which narrow the applications of SWMD for high reliability requirement. This paper proposes a SWMD with new connection mode of phase windings. Without extra hardware expense, the proposed topology can tolerant the open-circuit of the multiplexing bridge, which greatly improve the reliability of drive system. Experimental results are presented to verify the fault tolerance of the topology.


This paper deals with the challenge of OFDM system identification. In a recent paper [1], we developed a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test approach that exploits only the pilot positions to detect the presence of a given system. In this paper, we propose to exploit the redundancy often induced between the pilot symbols as a side information to improve the detector performance. Computer simulations show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the first proposed method and the existing techniques in the literature. More than system detection, the proposed algorithm performs channel estimation as well as estimation of the noise variance and is computationally inexpensive.


Droughts are complex, multifaceted hazards that affect multiple regions of the world and cause severe environmental and social impacts. The vulnerability to droughts, however, is complex to assess and strongly depends on the sectoral focus as well as on the geographical context of the assessment. This report presents the results of an expert survey that was conducted to weigh drought vulnerability indicators according to their relevance for agricultural systems and domestic water supply. Indicators originate from multiple dimensions (social, economic, infrastructure, crime and conflict, environmental and farming practices) and are grouped into four subcategories: social susceptibility, environmental susceptibility, lack of coping capacity and lack of adaptive capacity. The findings underline that the relevance of indicators strongly varies depending on the sector which is susceptible to the negative impacts of drought. Hence, the most relevant indicators for agricultural systems differentiate significantly from the most important ones for domestic water supply. The results are used in the GlobeDrought project to include expert judgement in the vulnerability assessments. This information will be compiled together with drought hazard and exposure information into a global drought risk assessment.


The utility model provides an automatic spraying mechanical arm. The automatic spraying mechanical arm comprises a base capable of horizontally moving, a big arm, a small arm, a wrist portion and a hand portion. The wrist portion comprises a U-shaped wrist portion supporting seat installed on the small arm. A wrist portion turning stepping motor is arranged on the outer side of one end of the wrist supporting seat. A turning joint supporting seat is arranged on the outer side of the other end of the wrist portion supporting seat. A rotating shaft of the wrist portion turning stepping motor is connected with the turning joint supporting seat in a U-shaped cavity of the wrist portion supporting seat through an elastic coupler. The turning joint supporting seat is connected with a hand portion supporting seat. The hand portion is connected to the hand portion supporting set. The hand portion supporting seat and the hand portion can rotate by 360 degrees on the U-shaped wrist portion supporting seat through the turning joint supporting seat along with the wrist portion turning stepping motor so that the wrist portion can freely rotate on the small arm, and therefore the spraying requirements for various angles can be met. In addition, the elastic coupler has high torque rigidity and excellent sensitivity, the features of clockwise rotation and the features of anticlockwise rotation are completely identical, and the control precision is high.


The interface is a crucial point in the success and satisfac tion of patrons, but designing effective screens is a role with which librarians may not feel comfortable. This article gathers from scattered and often specialized sources the most basic principles and presents these with rationale and practical checklists, so that librarians at all levels can ap proach the screen design process with some confidence. It discusses the physical screen and general principles; menus, commands, inquiry screens, and messages; and finally, organizational considerations.


This paper explained Indonesia policy and strategy defense's with the South China Sea conflict case study. The data qualitative showed Indonesia defense's policy and strategy to anticipated South China Sea conflict had not yet well formulated. The defense's policy and strategy had not yet in the same direction as the foreign country's policy which gave special attention to the Southeast Asia region's dynamic, including South China Sea. Therefore the present defense' strategy and policy had not yet given attention to the South China Sea conflict dynamic. Indonesia defense's policy and strategy now considered South China Sea's conflict able to solved with soft power and do not anticipate the hard power use which would affect the Indonesia's national need. Keywords: Policy, Strategy, Indonesia's Defense, Confl ict, South China Sea.


The Calcari Grigi carbonate platform (Southern Alps, Italy) (size ~100km x 100km, up to 400m thick) consists of several sub-environments (tidal flats, deep lagoons, oolitic shoals), now exhumed in the Southern Alps (Italy), a poorly deformed portion of the Mesozoic passive margin of Adria. Despite some alpine faulting and folding, lateral relationships between Jurassic units are still preserved. During Early Jurassic, the platform was affected by synsedimentary tectonics, testified by exposed structures, controlling sharp variations in the thickness of its units. Excellent outcrop continuity, extensive geological mapping and previousstudies provide a great wealth of field data that give the opportunity to produce a 3D model of a seismic-scale carbonate platform. 3D modeling was carried out with SKUA®. Main stratigraphic horizons and geometries of the sedimentary prisms were modeled. Spatial variability of the platform units' thickness was studied with geostatistics to retrieve information about the arrangement of the Jurassic fault system that drove subsidence during the platform growth. This helped to estimate the position of main Jurassic faults and revealed an extensive orthorhombic fault-network at the platform scale. The 3D model can now be populated with facies information, derived from outcrop data and geologic maps, to evaluate the influence of tectonics on the depositional environments. The model of a carbonate platform of this size potentially represents a useful analogue for carbonate reservoirs and help the understanding of similar buried sedimentary body.


The Cassini spacecraft, launched in 1997, begun the exploration of the Saturnian system in July 2004. 44 flybies of the Saturn largest moon Titan are planned during the four years of the Cassini mission and 16 are Radar passes. A Radar, developed jointly by JPL, ASI and Alenia Spazio, is mounted on Cassini. The instrument operates at 13.8 GHz (Ku band) and has passive (radiometer) and active (scatterometer, altimeter, SAR imaging) capabilities. Until July 2006, six (Ta, T3, T7, T8, T13, T16) radar planned passes have been accomplished. The data are processed by the JPL and stored in the Basic Image Data Records (BIDR) files, thus obtaining SAR images and brightness temperature profiles of a significant fraction of Titan's surface. The Radar Cross Section, RCS, derived from the SAR imagery, reflects the complex Titan's surface morphology. The data show RCS variations in excess of 20 dB between the "brightest" and the "darkest" areas. On the basis of brightness, texture, and morphology eight different surface units were identified by Cassini Radar Science Team (CRST) scientists. The darkest features are good candidate to be lakes of hydrocarbons. Moreover, periodic structures ("sand dunes") have been observed: in this case the RCS variations can be described in terms of tilt angle effect, thus modifying the local incidence angle. In this paper, the RCS behaviour of the observed features is studied in detail by the means of the Integral Equation Method, IEM. The dependence of the backscattering coefficient on the surface physical properties, composition and roughness of different areas is analyzed resulting in some possible scenarios for the observed features. Surfaces are modeled as Gaussian stationary processes and volume scattering is also taken into account, due to the transparency of water ice at radar wavelength. The data of the IEM model are compared with numerical simulations based on the Kirchhoff approximation with auto similar surfaces performed as preparatory work in the preliminary stage of the Cassini mission. The RCS data simulated for some likely scenarios of Titan's surface are well consistent with the real radar data and can help their interpretation in terms of physical and morphological surface properties.


Proposes a method for the design of complex mechatronic systems consisting more precisely of locomotion systems. This method is based on a modular approach to the system design. The objective in the design process is to find an optimal mechanical architecture and an associated control to achieve displacements over complex surfaces. For this, we use an evolutionary algorithm integrating a dynamic simulation of the robotic system in its environment. We use a hybrid encoding which allows for a simultaneous evolution of the mechanical structure and its control system. Specialized genetic operators have been designed to manipulate this encoding and to adapt their action to the evolving population. The robot performances are evaluated through a simulation in which all criteria can be computed and exploited in real time. Hierarchical evaluation is then suggested for the improvement of computing time and the process is illustrated through a set of design examples.


Despite the interest in the relocation experiences of the elderly, little research has focused on the meanings of relocation. Using intensive interviews with 40 women who had relocated to facilities for the elderly, this essay demonstrates substantial variation in experiences of relocation along class lines. Middle class women were likely to have moved from homes that they had ozwned and lived in for many years. Having strong attachments to place, they coped with relocation by making their new rooms into museums of their lives. Lower class women were likely to have moved many times in their lives and were unlikely to have ozwned their own homes. Moving into a facility for the elderly was experienced as one in a long succession of moves, distinguished only by increased comfort and security. Working class women were likely to begin a downward spiral after widowhood or divorce. Moving into a facility for the elderly stopped the succession of moves to progressively smaller and less comfortable residences. In commenting on Max Weber's key concept of "life chances," Dahrendorf (1979) argues that we must pay attention to both words-the "life" of individual experiences and the "chances" of social structures that mold those experiences. As Weber ([1922] 1968) noted, social class is one of the main characteristics of social structures affecting the chances of individuals. Using occupational prestige scales and large data sets, sociologists have well-documented the ways social class affects income, wealth, and mobility rates. Less well-documented are the ways class-related experiences shape the courses of individual biographies, particularly in the later phases of life. The following paper explores the individual biographies of older women who have relocated into facilities for the elderly. This experi


The University of Southern California's Institute for Creative Technologies (ICT) is looking for applicants with experience in explanation generation and/or intelligent tutoring to fill a Research Scientist position. ICT is involved in fundamental research that is advancing the state of virtual reality training systems through a combination of advanced graphics, audio, artificial intelligence and Hollywood/Video Game production techniques. ICT researchers are undertaking basic research into explainable AI systems, intelligent tutors, and automated coaches that will increase the educational value of immersive training simulations. More information on the project and ICT in general is at www.ict.usc.edu.


Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections of the lungs after renal transplantation. Methods A total of 43 cases (35 males and 8 females,mean age of 32 years) fungal infections of the lungs after renal transplantation from January 1999 to March 2002 were retrospectively analyzed.The mean time from post-operation to onset of the infection was 59 days. Results Among the 43 cases,16 were infected with candidiasis ,4 with candida Krusei ,2 with candida parapsilosis ,3 with mycormyccosis ,4 with aspergillosis ,1 with cryptococcosis neoformans and 2 with nocardiasis .14 cases out of 43 cases were coinfected with bacteria and CMV.The other 11 cases were negative for fungus-culturing test.23 cases were cured with fluconazole (100 mg,3 times per day for 10 days),17 with amphotericin B (50 mg,once a day for 10 days)and 3 died. Conclusions Fungal infection of the lungs is a severe complication after renal transplantation. Early diagnosis and timely treatment may achieve satisfactory effects.


We demonstrate the Doppler laser cooling of $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions confined in a segmented linear Paul trap in the presence of a strong quadrupolar magnetic field generated by two permanent ring magnets. Magnetic field gradients of 800 to 1600 G/mm give rise to a highly position-dependent Zeeman shift on the energy levels of the trapped ions. Efficient laser cooling is demonstrated using two 397 nm cooling laser beams with appropriate wavelengths and polarizations and one 866 nm repumper laser beam. Coulomb crystals of ions are found to exhibit similar secular temperatures to those trapped in absence of the magnetic field. In addition, the position dependency of the Zeeman effect is used to generate a map of the field strength. This work forms the basis for developing hybrid trapping experiments for cold ions and neutral molecules that consist of an ion and a magnetic trap to study cold interactions between these species, and opens up new possibilities for quantum-science experiments that employ trapped ions in inhomogeneous magnetic fields.


Abstract We evaluated composition and seasonal variation in the diet of Rickett's big-footed myotis (Myotis ricketti) by examining 342 fecal samples collected every 2 weeks when the bats were active in Fangshan District of Beijing, North China, from 2002 to 2003. The diet consisted of 3 kinds of fish (Zacco platypus, Carassius auratus, and Phoxinus lagowskii) and at least 7 orders of insects (Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera). Fragments of fish accounted for 67.1% and fragments of insects for 28% (by volume) of the diet; Z. platypus was the dominant food (60.1%), followed by Coleoptera (13.1%). Significant differences existed between the proportion of fish and insects in the diet; however, no seasonal variation in the diet was found over the course of the investigation. This suggests that at this study site in Beijing, M. ricketti was highly specialized in foraging on only 1 species of fish and relied less on insects as alternative food sources, despite their seasonally high abundance.


The issues of formation and subsequent activities of the judicial authorities of the Soviet period are of urgent importance. Therefore, the study of courts development on the example of a specific region in Soviet times is also of current interest and besides, has a practical significance. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of resourcing the judicial system of Ostyako-Vogulsky (Khanty-Mansi) National District in the 1930s – 1940s. The scientific novelty of the research is ensured by attracting archival materials that were not previously introduced into scientific circulation, some of them were declassified in the 20s of the XXI century. In addition, to write the article, the author used materials of articles on the problem posed, information from the periodical press of the chronological period under consideration. The article reflects the structure of the judicial authorities of the Ostyako-Vogulsky (later Khanty-Mansi) National District in the period of the 1930s – 1940s, attention is focused on its characteristic features. The article provides brief information on the resource support for the processes of creating and functioning of the judicial system in the region during this period, it draws attention to the problematic aspects of material and financial supply of the district courts. Along with the statement of the above-mentioned facts, the author identifies and indicates the reasons for weak provision of justice authorities, which were primarily geographical factors due to lacking permanent and proper transport links, remoteness of the territory from regional centers, a large area of the district and huge distances between settlements. The fact of the district formation in the territory of Ugra is noted as well as the fact that from that moment its own structure of party and Soviet bodies, including judicial ones, was formed. As part of describing the development of the judicial system and the district, the author examines the stages of evolvement and formation of the regional administrative-territorial structure. The author comes to the conclusion about a significant contribution of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra's courts to the formation of the state structure of the district, ensuring its socio-economic development. The results of the study have an important practical significance, as they can be used in educational institutions, as well as by judicial and law enforcement agencies in practical activities. At this, the problem posed has a further perspective of research.