[Objective] The research aimed to provide the theoretical basis for ensuring the fish quality of tuna and establishing its industrialized production,transportation and storage conditions.[Method] The effects of temperature,pH value and salt concn.on the stability of myoglobin in tuna were analyzed.The changes of myoglobin content in tuna(stored at different temperature) with the storage time were studied.[Result] At 25 ℃,the characteristic absorption peak of myoglobin in tuna was obvious.The stability of myoglobin was decreased with the increasing of temperature.When the temperature was over 60 ℃,the characteristic absorption peak of myoglobin disappeared.At room temperature,when pH value was increased from 5.8 to 8.6,the characteristic absorption peak of myoglobin was gradually strengthened.The stability of myoglobin was best in NaCl solution of 4%.In different concn.of NaCl solution,the preservation rate of myoglobin was decreased with the increasing of temperature.The content change of myoglobin stored under the conditions of-80 ℃ was least and it only decreased by 15.34% in 28 d.[Conclusion] The lower the cold storage temperature was,the better the preservation effect of myoglobin in tuna was.


Individual differences in anticipatory eye-movements: Vocabulary size is associated with speed of noun-verb integration Arielle Borovsky UCSD Jeffrey Elman UCSD Abstract: Humans can integrate information from a rapidly changing speech stream with astonishing speed. In this study, we measure the impact of vocabulary knowledge on the incremental integration of speech using language- mediated anticipatory eye-movements. Following Kamide, Altmann & Haywood (2003), Experiment 2, we examined the degree to which an upcoming sentential Theme is anticipated by a combination of information from an Agent and Verb (eg. "The pirate hides the treasure" vs. "The dog hides the bones"). Replicating prior results, combinatory effects of the Agent and Verb yielded anticipatory looks to the Theme. When participant's performance was split by receptive vocabulary score, differences in anticipatory eye movements were apparent. The group with higher vocabulary scores was faster to integrate Agent and Verb information to correctly look at the upcoming Theme. Together our findings are suggest that prior language knowledge plays a pivotal role in even simple sentence processing tasks.


This paper aims to study the impact of the customs environment on Vietnam's exports, using panel data with 11 variables collected from 81 trading partners of Vietnam in the period between 2014 and 2019. The customs environment index (CEI) is determined by four component indexes: i) ease of cross-border trading, ii) prevalence of non-tariff barriers, iii) trade tariffs, and iv) corruption perception, with weights for each component calculated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The gravity model is employed and run using R software version 4.0.4. The results indicate that the customs environment has a significantly positive impact on Vietnam's exports at the level of 1%; each percentage improvement in the CEI will lead to a 1.8105% increase in Vietnam's exports (ceteris paribus). In other words, the convenience of the customs environment could promote Vietnam's exports. By calculating the CEI of all countries, the results also show that the customs environment in Vietnam has improved during the investigated period, from 0.57 in 2014 to 0.59 in 2019, but this improvement is not considerable. When compared to Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-6 countries, Vietnam has a relatively modest customs environment record. These are critical findings for the implementation of necessary policies in Vietnam.


Vocation education should focuse on students'ability training,reinforce practice teaching,make teaching guiding ideology clear,strengthen links in the practice teaching,encourge students to take part in social activities,and do a good job of training the graduating students.


THE AUTHOR DESCRIBES THE MAIN LESSONS WHICH CAN BE DRAWN FROM THE 15TH WORLD ROAD CONGRESS. A COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION IN FRANCE AND IN OTHER COUNTRIES. THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE SELECTION OF INVESTMENTS, THE PROBLEM OF THE ENVIRONMENT, RURAL HIGHWAYS AND MOTORWAYS, PLANNED ROAD CONSTRUCTION WORK (MENTION IS MADE OF THE HELP SUPPLIED BY COMPUTERS, OF THE NECESSITY OF CARRYING OUT PRELIMINARY STUDIES FOR EARTHWORKS AND ROAD TUNNELS, OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DATA BANKS), THE VARIOUS PAVEMENT PROBLEMS (PAVEMENT DESIGN, NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING, MAINTENANCE MATERIALS), THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE ENERGY CRISIS, QUALITY CONTROL IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND LOW-COST ROADS AND LIGHTLY-TRAFFICKED ROADS. SEE ALSO IRRD ABSTRACT NO 104484.


09h00 09h45 Zurab Janelidze Algebraic importance of "modus ponens" 09h50 10h20 Gareth Boxall NIP (Not the Independence Property) 10h25 10h55 James Gray Algebraic exponentiation 11h00 11h15 Tea/coffee Mathematics Tea Room 11h15 12h15 Alessandra Palmigiano Groupoid quantales beyond the étale setting 12h20 12h50 Willem Conradie Algorithmic canonicity and correspondence for (non-distributive) lattice-based modal logic 12h55 14h25 Lunch Stellenbosch Botanical Garden 14h30 15h15 James Raftery Idempotent residuated structures and finiteness conditions 15h20 15h50 Tamar Janelidze Relative Goursat categories 15h55 16h25 Clint van Alten Representable Ideal-determined Varieties 16h30 16h45 Tea/Coffee Mathematics Tea Room 16h45 17h15 Marcel Wild Enumerating all models of a Horn formula, e.g. all closed sets of a closure system 17h20 17h50 George Janelidze What shall be 2-dimensional topology of first order logic?


In the course of a study of pulsar interpulses 43 bright pulsars were searched for interpulse emission. A previously undetected interpulse in PSR 1944 + 17 was found and improved upper limits were set on the others. The separation Delta-phi (MP-IP) between the main pulse (MP) and interpulse (IP) and the IP to MP amplitude ratio S(IP)/S(MP) for seven of the pulsars known to have interpulses was measured. Delta-phi (MP-IP) is found to be frequency independent except for PSR 1944 + 17 where Delta-phi (MP-IP) varies from 183 deg at 318 MHz to 167 deg at 2380 MHz. The ratio S(IP)/S(MP) decreases with frequency for all seven objects, although for the Crab and millisecond pulsar the IP is distinctly different from the others in that the ratio is much larger and less strongly frequency dependent. The polarization signature of these two pulsars and possibly PSR 1929 + 10 is consistent with a two-pole perpendicular rotator model, whereas the others are more readily explained by single-pole models. 43 references.


Neutrino oscillation experiments presently suggest that neutrinos have a small but finite mass. This paper shows how the Dirac equation can be used to distinguish between massive and massless particles. In the large-momentum/zero mass limit, the Dirac spinors can be separated into large and small components. The large components are gauge invariant, while the small components are not. If we renormalize the large components, these gauge invariant spinors represent the polarization of neutrinos. The small components represent spin- 1 non-zero mass particles. A similar analysis is then done when the neutrino mass is considered as an invariant of the Lorentz transformation. If neutrinos are to have mass, then they should not be invariant under gauge transformations.


Studies on the pH of atmospheric precipitation are reviewed. The effects of acids in precipitation on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are summarized, with emphasis on the Pittsburgh area. Results of the pH content in the rain samples collected at the three stations in the Pittsburgh area between January 6, 1979 through February 18, 1979 are reported. Surprisingly, pH values of samples taken at Station 3, the rural, pollution-free station, were generally not higher, but rather frequently lower than those obtained in those stations considered polluted. The total mean of Station 1 was 4.3, the total mean of Station 2 was 4.2, and the total mean of Station 3 was 4.0. Wind data were obtained for the dates corresponding to the precipitation collection dates. On all of these dates, the maps show that the direction of the wind currents came from the Ohio River Valley Basin and blew in a northwest to southeast, west to east or a southwest to northeast direction. These winds could have carried pollution from this Basin and other areas in the Midwest into the southwestern Pennsylvania areas. Measurements show that all precipitation collection stations had a low pH at the time of the study. The industrialmore » mills, along the Allegheny, Monogahela, and Ohio Rivers seem to have had a little or no effect on the low pH values measured at the closest station during the study period. The coal-burning power plants seem to have had an effect on the pH values of the precipitation samples collected at Station 3 during the course of the study.The data imply that pollution-carrying winds from the Ohio River Valley Basin contribute acidity to the three stations and Station 3 receives additional acidity from the surrounding coal-burning power plants.« less


Magic is a fable of sex.From the Madman's Diaries of Lu Xun to Magic of Shi Zhecun,the world has witnessed greater changes and the frightening figures to the males are no longer the parent-like elder brothers,but the "wicked women",the conqueror of the world in cities full of sensual desires,who sink males into a schizophrenia state of personality.The female images in the novel vary from Madam Chen to Witch and Queen of Egypt Cleopatra,namely from youth to aging,till death.The description of the process implies the author's fear to decrepitude of beauties.


The time for a contaminant to travel from a source to the biosphere is only one component of evaluating the consequences of ground-water contamination in the unconfined aquifer at the Hanford Site. The three components necessary for evaluating consequences of contamination are the location of contaminant outflow to the biosphere, the time of contaminant arrival at the outflow location, and the quantity of contaminants reaching the outflow location. This report focuses on one component, the contaminant arrival time or travel time, because variations in estimates of this parameter at the Hanford Site have generated considerable interest. 58 refs., 21 figs., 8 tabs.


After declaring his candidacy in the 2012 presidential elections, Russia's Prime Minister Putin announced a "Eurasian Union" as the target of an amplified integration process within the CIS region. This venture raises a series of questions. Is this a case of election campaigning, or is it the setting of a foreign policy agenda? Is this really a new integration project, or a continuation of Putin's policy towards the post-Soviet region? Putin was clear in one regard: the objective is not to re-establish the Soviet Union, but rather to create a "powerful supra-national union" of sovereign states, which stands on equal footing with the USA and China as well as the major regional organisations. He placed particular emphasis on the partnership with the European Union. First and foremost, however, Putin is likely fixated on Russia's position in the post-Soviet region, the main priority in terms of foreign policy.


The radical-mediated cyclisation of serine derived α-chloroamides has been found to be influenced in both yield and stereoselectivity by the nature of the substituent at the site of radical generation—radicals substituted at the α-position by methyl, phenyl and dichloro groups underwent smooth cyclisation to give excellent yield of pyrrolidinones in which the trans-C-2: C-3 isomer predominated—this procedure has potential application to a new synthesis of the kainoid amino acids.


We have modeled the current neutralization of intense light ion beams propagating through low pressure argon gas in the drift region of the applied-B radial ion diode. Our description of the current neutralization process results in a set of equations, each having the form of a system with an intrinsic magnetic decay time constant and driven by the time derivative of the beam current. The time constant is proportional to the gas electrical conductivity, for which we employ a time dependent model. Comparing our calculations to experiments, we find that our computations duplicate the qualitative behavior of the system in portions of the drift region free of applied magnetic fields; however, in regions with strong applied fields, we underpredict the degree of current neutralization found experimentally. The addition of carbon ions to the beam model improves the neutralization.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between the 5-minute Apgar scores of the newborns checked in the cases induced due to prolonged pregnancy and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and to investigate the contributions of these parameters as prognostic markers in the low Apgar scores. Methods: A total of 169 primigravida cases for which delivery by induction was decided due to prolonged pregnancy after they completed 41 weeks of gestation between 2017 and 2018 were included in the study. The detailed previous histories of all cases were obtained at admission and they underwent cervicovaginal examination, obstetric ultrasonography for the assessment of fetal biometry and amniotic fluid, and complete blood count including hemoglobin level, total white blood cell count, differential leukocyte number and platelet count. NLR and PLR were calculated as the ratio of neutrophil number to lymphocyte number and the ratio of platelet number to lymphocyte number, respectively. The Apgar scores in the newborn assessment were determined according to the usual criteria 1 and 5 minutes after the birth. The independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for the analysis of the data. Results: The mean NLR and PLR values of the cases were calculated 4.8±2.8 and 148.8±74.9, respectively. While 108 (64%) patients delivered vaginally, 61 (36%) patients delivered by cesarean section. The Apgar score was >7 in 142 (84%) patients and <7 in 27 (16%) patients. NLR and PLR values were significantly higher in the group with Apgar score <7 than the group with Apgar score ≥7 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The elevations in NLR and PLR is the usual part of a health pregnancy; however, excessively elevated inflammation has been associated with poor prenatal and developmental outcomes in various populations. In conclusion, these markers can be used as the parameters helping clinicians to predict poor obstetric outcomes.


ABSTRACT: While the growing literature on HOPE VI emphasizes the presumed benefits of income mixing these benefits are most likely to occur if middle-income families with children are drawn to these sites. But is this feasible? Our comparative case study analysis of four HOPE VI sites in Cincinnati, Louisville, Baltimore, and Washington, DC, suggests that it will be difficult to achieve the mixing of lower- and middle-income families with children. None of the four developments explicitly sought middle-income families with children as part of their marketing. Louisville's HOPE VI site was the only one involving close collaboration between the school district, the housing authority, and city government from the beginning of the HOPE VI process. Moreover, the Louisville site was the only one successful in attracting middle-income (and not simply subsidized moderate-income) families with children. Strategies for making inner-city HOPE VI sites more attractive for middle-income families are discussed.


The dealed water samples,aqueous solution dissolved with PAC and the PAC solution was magnetized utilizing the self-made magnetizing device.The influence of magnetization on the coagulation efficiency of PAC(Aluminium Polychlorid) was analyzed.The research showed that under the given magnetic field condition,the effluent turbidity of the magnetized water samples and PAC's solution take up a tendency to descend at first and then increased as the magnetizing time increased.The effluent turbidity of the magnetized PAC solution declined as the time increased.Given the same dose of the drug,the magnetized water had a better efficiency than the ones hadn't been magnetized.


Equilibrium with the atmosphere controls the general distribution of values for sea surface total dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations and homogeneous buffer factors. In the absence of carbonate dissolution, future ocean surface uptake of CO2 can be accurately approximated by equilibrium between the atmosphere and a single average surface seawater. These observations imply that CO2 box models can treat the atmosphere and the ocean surface together as a single "box". The principal remaining uncertainties in modeling oceanic CO2 uptake are 1) the nature offuture alkalinity changes, and 2) the nature of mixing between surface and deep waters. In a separate publication (Sundquist, etal. 1979),ithas been shown that the homogeneous reactions which buffer carbon dioxide uptake by the ocean surface are very well known relative to other uncertainties in the global carbon cycle. Spatial varations in the homogeneous buffer factor depend systematicallyon sea surface temperatures, and do not contribute significantlyto uncertainties in the present or future CO2 budget. In this paper, we extend these conclusions to carbon cycle modeling. The homogeneous buffer factor is defined as (OPCO2) l:C Bhom= ol:C TA . Pe02 where l:C is the total concentration of dissolvedinorganiccarbon in surface seawater equilibrated with the atmospheric CO2 partial pressure Pe02; and TA is the total alkalinity, which remains constant in the absence of heterogeneous reactions. Figure 1 (from Sundquist et al. 1979)shows that Bhomvalues calculated from the GEOSECS ocean surface data* reflect equilibrium between the ocean surface and (1) *The results reported here and in Sundquist et at. (1979) are based on the GEOSECS data sets available at the time the work was done. These were the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean leg report data. The titration EC and TA data were corrected according to the recommendations of Takahashi et al. (1976) and Broecker and Takahashi (1978). Takahashi (personal communication) haspointedout thatsubsequent refinements of the GEOSECS IC and TA data may slightly alter some of the data presented here. These refinements, however, do not affect our arguments and conclusions.


This contribution addresses the relevant question of retrieving, from transmittance data, the optical constants, and thickness of very thin semiconductor and dielectric films. The retrieval process looks for a thickness that, subject to the physical input of the problem, minimizes the difference between the measured and the theoretical spectra. This is a highly underdetermined problem but, the use of approximate—though simple—functional dependencies of the index of refraction and of the absorption coefficient on photon energy, used as an a priori information, allows surmounting the ill posedness of the problem. The method is illustrated with the analysis of transmittance data of very thin amorphous silicon films. The method enables retrieval of physically meaningful solutions for films as thin as 300 A. The estimated parameters agree well with known data or with optical parameters measured by independent methods. The limitations of the adopted model and the shortcomings of the optimization algorithm are p...


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes progressive airflow limitation which results in prolonged episodes of coughing and shortness of breath. COPD self-management education (COPDSME) programs attempt to enhance patient self-efficacy for managing symptoms. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a critical literature review that identified peer-reviewed articles assessing the effects of COPDSME on self-efficacy outcomes. Seven articles were located after an exhaustive search. Most studies (𝑛=6) reported statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy following intervention. Almost all of the studies tested interventions that drew upon at least 2 recommended sources of efficacy information. Two studies specifically noted increased self-efficacy for controlling physical exertion following COPDSME. Within the reviewed studies, the content within each educational treatment varied widely and showed a lack of standardization, and the types of instruments used to assess self-efficacy varied. This paper highlights the need for more controlled trials that investigate potential between-subjects effects of different types of COPDSME programs on self-efficacy outcomes. Incorporating practice models for patient-centered primary care in COPD requires the use of tailored efficacy building strategies for specific self-management behaviors.


Objective: To investigate differences of the postural control in unstable sitting position between elderly and young adults. Method: Twenty five healthy elderly and twenty five healthy young adults were included. The evaluation system for postural control consisted of unstable plate, frame, safety harness, monitor and computer. Subjects sat on an unstable plate with arms crossed. Using two tilt sensor and postural control software in unstable platform measured the center of pressure (COP) of subject. COP sway (COP was maintained on the center circle and the distance from the central location for 30 sec) time and mean absolute deviation (MAD), COP maintaining (COP was maintained on the desired target in anterior, posterior, left or right directions during 30 sec) time and MAD, COP moving time (the time required to move the COP to desired target location away from center), COP sine curve maintaining (COP was maintained on the circle on moving sine curve during 30 sec) time and MAD were recorded in both groups. Each subject performed three trials and the mean value of the trials was used for analysis. Results: In static evaluation, there was no significant difference in COP sway between two groups. In dynamic evaluations, elderly showed significantly decreased maintaining time in all four directions, decreased sine curve trace and increased moving time in all eight directions (p


The condition forecasting of industrial processes represents a key factor to allow the future generation of industrial manufacturing plants. In this regard, this paper presents a novel soft-computing based methodology for the assessment of the current and future condition of industrial processes by the combination of Neo Fuzzy Neuron (NFN) and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) data-driven based modelling. The proposed method models, individually, the critical signals describing the industrial process.


Usually, tropical storms and hurricanes start out as tropical disturbances, which are areas of unsettled weather and thunderstorms in the tropics. Hurricanes require having the appropriate conditions to develop and survive. Some of the most important conditions are warm ocean water, large moisture at low atmospheric levels and weak winds at high atmospheric levels. Thus, when conditions occur just on time, the tropical disturbance can grow from a large amount of thunderstorms into an organized system, which stats to circulate. Most Atlantic tropical storms are developed from atmospheric waves that propagate westward from Africa across the North Atlantic and Caribbean sea primarily from 10 and 20 N and this zone is called the main development region (MDR), ( Goldenberg et al. 2001; Goldenberg and Shapiro 1996; Gray 1960). The major forcing factors that affect the MDR are classified as local and external factors. Local factors are inherent into the actual developing region and have a direct thermodynamic interaction to develop storms. However, external factors occur far away from the MDR and are related with regional conditions by means of some teleconnection. Some of the most factors that affect hurricane activity are: quasibiennial oscillation index, sea surface temperature (SST), sea level pressure (SLP), lower troposphere moisture, and vertical wind shear (VWS).


Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for quantification of species of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in wastewater treatment activated sludge.


PASCAL and ALGOL 68 language features are critically examined, compared and contrasted with each other. The emphasis is on the differences between the two languages, primarily in the areas of data types and statement types. Shortcomings in both languages are pointed out.


Fly ash was modified with 0wt%, 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% silane coupling agent. Modified fly ash was mixed with acrylic emulsion and additives to prepare acrylic coating. Coating adhesion, cup drawing experiment and heat insulation test were conducted. Results show that, with the increase of the content of coupling agent, the adhesion and toughness of the coating decrease. And the coating modified with 4wt% silane coupling agent has the best thermal insulation properties.


A light emitting diode packaging structure comprises a substrate, electrodes, a first light emitting diode chip, a second light emitting diode chip and a retaining wall structure. The electrodes are formed on surfaces of the substrate and include a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode and a fourth electrode; the retaining wall structure is formed on the surface of the substrate, and the first light emitting diode chip and the second light emitting diode chip are separated from each other on two sides of the retaining wall structure; the first electrode is positioned on one side of the first light emitting diode chip, at least a first connecting portion of the third electrode is positioned on one side of the first light emitting diode chip, and the first light emitting diode chip is connected with the first electrode and the first connecting portion on the third electrode by metal conducting wires; and the second electrode is positioned on one side of the second light emitting diode chip, at least a second connecting portion of the fourth electrode is positioned on one side of the second light emitting diode chip, and the second light emitting diode chip is connected with the second electrode and the second connecting portion on the fourth electrode by metal conducting wires.


Abstract The presence of heavy metals in water hyacinth compost is the main limiting factor for its land application. Water hyacinth can accumulate heavy metals in its tissues. Application of natural zeolites (clinoptilolite) during water hyacinth composting may be helpful to immobilise heavy metals. The present study was carried out on the speciation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, Cd and Cr) during rotary drum composting of water hyacinth mixed with cattle manure, sawdust and natural zeolite. The Tessier sequential extraction method was used for heavy metal speciation determination. The water hyacinth, cattle manure and sawdust at a ratio of 6:3:1 ratio was mixed with 5, 10 and 15% natural zeolite by weight. Influences of physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH and organic matter degradation on speciation of heavy metals were studied during the process. A rotary drum composter has been shown to be highly efficient for organic matter degradation. The most bioavailable fractions (exchangeable and carbonate fractions) were reduced significantly due to the combined effects of zeolite addition and metal complexing with stabilised organic matter as a result of the high degradation of organic matter in a rotary drum. Ni, Pb and Cd were not found in the reducible and oxidisable fractions. Overall, the addition of an optimum quantity of natural zeolite significantly reduced the bioavailability fractions of heavy metals during rotary drum composting of the water hyacinth.


The sensor morphology is of great importance, especially for tactile sensors that mainly transduce physical contacts to perceivable signals for further processing by the central system. Sensors with various morphology can result in different signal thus potentially influencing perception. Most previous researches on tactile sensor morphology focused on revealing advance of a particular morphology in a binary manner, by providing sensors with and without that morphology then comparing the performance. Less attention was paid to sensors with changeable morphology. We demonstrate in this letter a wrinkled soft tactile sensor with variable morphology, leading to tunable sensing and perception property. Specifically, the geometrical structure of wrinkles and the overall stiffness of the sensor can be varied by changing the sensor bending state. This morphing behavior was modeled analytically, and verified by both Finite Element Analysis and real experiment. Furthermore, these morphological variations were found to closely affect the performance of sensor in three tasks including force sensing, shape discrimination and texture detection. Interestingly, for each task, there was always an optimal morphological state that maximized the sensor performance, namely force sensitivity and perception accuracy. This sheds light to novel active tactile sensing system design, thus realizing "active" by adapting morphology instead of sensorimotor control algorithm to optimize perception gain.


Objective To explore the imaging diagnosis of primary bone non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Methods Sixteen cases of bone non-Hodgkin lymphoma verified by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.16 cases were examined by X-ray,8 cases were also checked by CT and 4 cases examined by MRI.Results The lesions were located in the costal bone (1 case),iliac bone(1 case),tibia(1 case),calcaneus(1 case),humerus(2 cases),femu(r5 cases)and vertebrae(5 cases),4 cases with pathological fracture.The CT and X-ray showed 5 cases were infiltrating type,6 cases were osteolytic type,1 case was cystic expansion type,1 case was mixed-type.In 4 cases,MRI showed slightly hypointense or homogeneous on T1WI,slightly hyperintense or homogeneous on T2WI,slightly or moderate enhancement in contrast enhancement.Conclusion Compared with X-ray,CT can more clearly indentify the lesions such as destruction of bone,the sclerotic reaction.MRI can more clearly identify the lesions such as the early changes of bone mineral content invaded by lymphoma and the early involvement of bone marrow.


Criminal acts of corruption and money laundering are increasingly complex, neat and sophisticated, carried out by educated people with the positions of Members of the DPR, DPRD, Heads of Institutions/Ministries, Governors, Mayors/Regents and Deputy Echelon I/II, judges, and private parties with various ages and come from different regions. The mode is through procuring goods and services, licensing, bribery, levies, budget abuse and money laundering. Social factors that encourage perpetrators to commit crimes can be explained through social exchange theory which shows that there is an abuse of office, doing something contrary to obligations and bribing bribes that lead to crimes in the field of corruption and money laundering. This fact is very close to the change in value orientation in the social life of everyone, whether it is law enforcement officers, state officials, or community members.


Methods for estimating the short-circuit impedance in the power grid are investigated for various voltage levels and situations. The short-circuit impedance is measured, preferably from naturally occurring load changes in the grid, and it is shown that such a measurement system faces different kinds of problems at different locations in the grid. This means that the best measurement methodology changes depending on the location in the grid. Three typical examples with different measurement problems at 400 kV, 132 kV and 400 V voltage level are discussed.


The actual problem of the formation of mathematical concepts among students in the system of higher vocational education is considered. The purpose of the study is to develop a model for the formation of mathematical concepts in students and ways to master the algorithms for their implementation in the process of solving professionally oriented problems. The main tasks to be solved in the study are: changing the content of education and developing a single - operator approach to the definition of basic mathematical concepts. The methods were the study of scientific literature and practical experience in the implementation of vocational educational programs in universities. Results of the study: a model for the formation of mathematical concepts and the need to revise the content of education focused on the use of modern information technologies.


The application of laser‐photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) to the measurement of the weak IR water vapor absorption as well as to air pollution monitoring is discussed. Good agreement between experimental data on the pressure‐ and the temperature dependence and theoretical predictions of a H2O dimer model is found for the water vapor continuum absorption. In addition four weak absorption lines could be assigned for the first time as pure rotational H2O transitions. Both a CO laser‐based and a CO2 laser‐based PAS system are applied to the monitoring of gaseous air pollutants. Results on the sensitivity and the dynamic range of the method are presented. Experimental PAS spectra of specific species are compared to literature data. First examples of gas analysis on the basis of single spectra are discussed.


GOOD ROCK SINGING, LIKE GOOD CLASSICAL SINGING, is natural (organic), stylistically and emotionally integrated (authentic), and transformative (artistic). To learn rock stylization, classical and traditional music theater students must set aside their genre-of-origin filters to appreciate and imitate rock singing. To emulate the rock aesthetic: employ a more natural, conversational vocal production; deemphasize classical virtuosity and formality in matters of pitch, vibrato, structure, and rhythm; be available to respond to the impulse to move; stylize, using ornamentations (e.g., neighbor notes, appoggiaturas, acciaccaturas, inverted rhythms, inverted pitches, and ladders) in a manner consistent with rock; add, delete, or alter lyrics as needed; and experiment with intriguing and compelling breathing patterns. With patience and consistent effort, these skills can be developed by open minded and willing students and utilized in their rock performances.Yet, while a performance grounded in these techniques will yield a generic "rock" styling, training more sophisticated techniques greatly increases both the performer's artistic and vocal capacities for delivering rock songs; and, most importantly, allows the audience to experience an undeniably authentic performance. The ability to make nuanced artistic choices is the technical and artistic bedrock for the successful, authentic rocker. Though these advanced skills may be resistant to training, they are transformative once acquired. To produce authentically rocking performances, students should master the artistry of organic delivery, theatrical pitch nuances, and "with it" ornaments.ORGANIC DELIVERYNine ingredients, essential for rock credibility, contribute to a spontaneously authentic delivery (organic delivery). By counteracting expected structural mechanisms, and planning rehearsed emotional interpretations, the singer can present a genuine, in-the-moment character while being true to the rock aesthetic.1) Allocate an unstressed syllable on the beat to emphasize the lyrics and deemphasize the beat. This is not syncopation, which highlights the beat by stressing the off-beat, but a tactic to obscure the beat by removing the expected stress pattern. Have the student clap a standard beat and sing the well known opening phrase of "Somewhere Over the Rainbow" with the "er" of "over" on the beat. The initial training can be frustrating, but the student should be able to see just how effective disguising the beat can be and how it can inform the audience's attachment to conversational, organic delivery of a lyric. With concentration and practice the student can acquire this skill. This tactic is ubiquitous in popular music, including Vanessa Williams's version of "Colors of the Wind" ("or ask the grinning bobcat why he grinned") and Diana Krall's "Baby, Baby All the Time" ("kind of curly hair"). It is not confined to popular music; it resides in hybridized rock vocals (e.g., folk-rock and jazz-rock), and examples in contemporary music theater include Brian Lowdermilk's "The Girl Who Drove Away" ("how the miles keep on flying by") and Scott Alan's "Watch Me Soar" ("I'm dreaming big so watch me soar").2) Layer your emotive lyrics with "the growl" to establish psychological pressure. Applying the growl should be approached as an emotional contextualization rather than a musical effect: this technique does not add vocal dirt for a "cool" sound; rather, it depicts struggle. The growl is part warning and part disclosure, like a threatened dog's growl, and it should vent when the character does not want to speak honestly but is overpowered by a psychological need to communicate. The growl can also emphasize pointed communication (without a stressful context), as if to say to the audience, "I don't care about my singing-I care that you connect with ["get"] what I'm saying." To train the growl, have the student execute a period of glottal fry. Then have him/her coordinate sustained glottal fry with pitch in a three-note scale (e. …


AIM
To study the effect of chloroquine on the expression of human clotting factor IX (hFIX) in mice.

METHODS
Hydrodynamics-based naked DNA plasmid administration was performed by tail vein injection of 10 microg of pCMV- hFIX and chloroquine (0, 100, 200, and 500 micromol/L) in 2.2 mL of Ringer's solution within 6-7 s, the level and stability of hFIX expression, liver damage and toxicity were then examined.

RESULTS
The maximum expression of hFIX level was 4.4+/-1.8 mg/L at 8 h after injection, 9.7+/-1.6 mg/L at 24 h only existed in 200 micromol/L chloroquine-treated animals, which is 3-4 fold higher than that of control (P<0.01). There is no significant difference observed among all the treated groups, 3 d later. Transaminase level and liver histological study showed the damage of liver was not related to chloroquine (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION
Chloroquine can enhance and sustain exogenous gene expression in vivo without side effect under our experimental conditions.


The objective of this study is: (1) To examine simultaneously the effect of LDR,
IPR, NPL, IRR, PDN, BOPO, FBIR, and ROA on Core Capital Adequacy (2)
Examine partial the positive effect of LDR, IPR, FBIR and ROA on Core Capital
Adequacy (3) Examine partial the negative effect of NPL and BOPO on Core
Capital Adequacy (4) Examine partially the effect of IRR and PDN on Core
Capital Adequacy. The dependent variable in this study is represented byCore
Capital Adequacy, while the independent variable consist of LDR, IPR, NPL,
IRR, PDN, BOPO, FBIR, and ROA. The samples of this study is the Regional
Development Bank in Indonesia, one quarter period of 2010 to the second quarter
of 2014.The sampling technique in this study using purposive sampling, so that
from 26 Regional Development Bank in Indonesia, only 3 Regional Development
Bank in Indonesia as a sample. The technique used in this study are some of the
test regression analysis. The result of this study is simultaneously LDR, IPR,
NPL, IRR, PDN, BOPO, FBIR, and ROA has a significant effect on Core Capital
Adequacy and result of research partially LDR, IPR, NPL, IRR, PDN and BOPO
has negative effect significant at Core Capital Adequacy, ROA has a significant
positive effect on Core Capital Adequacy.
Keyword: Liquidity risk, credit risk, market risk, operational risk, Profitability
Core Capital Adequacy


Abstract The refined rapeseed oil were carefully studied in recent years because they may constitute a raw material for biodegradable lubricants getting organic. These oils are an alternative to synthetic mineral oils. This article presents rheological behavior of refined rapeseed oil. The dynamic viscosity of refined rapeseed oil was determined at temperatures range between 313 - 363 K and shear rates range from 3.3 - 120 s-1. For temperature ranging between 313 - 363 K refined rapeseed oil has a Bingham fluid behavior.


Ag-polymetallic deposits in Ela mountain pass is controlled by volcanic structure.With the depth increasing,the dimension of ore bodies become large,reserve-grades of Pb-Zn become large.The contents of Ag-Pb have certain relationship.This area should mainly seek low temperature hot liquid deposits formed shallow,controlled by volcanic structure and related to lava-hypolava.


SOME five years ago Dr. Lily Ross Taylor and I undertook collab rative investigation of the original location of the Fasti Capitolini. We reached the conclusion that they had probably been carved on the reveals of the archways of the triumphal arch of Augustus, situated at the east end of the Forum, between the temple of Divus Julius and that of Castor.' Just before our manuscript was completed we learned that our theories and arguments had been anticipated in large part and closely paralleled by the admirable researches of Professor Degrassi, first announced to the Pontificia Accademia Ro-


The high-pressure melting properties of the ternary alloy AlCuSi with face-centred cubic structure is theoretically investigated using the statistical moment method. We calculate the melting temperature for the alloy under pressure up to 80 GPa. The dependence of the melting temperature on the content of alloying elements is also studied. Our results agree well with previous experiments, simulations, and other theoretical calculations.


The paper studies the existence of market segmentation in China and its effect on the efficiency of resource allocation. Mergers and acquisitions can function as promoting capital allocation efficiency, improving corporate governance and raising corporate value. But MA means the transfer of the control right of target enterprises which will bring important influences on the economy and employment in the regions where the target enterprises are located, so it is possible to lead to local-government intervention. The paper finds that it is difficult for cross-regional MA due to local protectionism and owing to the marketization, the difficulties will be effectively eased. It shows that there exists market segmentation in China to some extent, and market segmentation will be eliminated because of the ongoing marketization process.


The article examines the cultural projects of the new personality presented in the national culture of the Silver age and the Soviet culture of the first post-revolutionary decade. The analysis of the concept of a new person is given through feminine stereotypes, which in the culture at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries had ontological significance. The author focuses on the transformation of strategies of behavior expected from women, which were in demand in the culture of Russian symbolism and Soviet culture of the early twentieth century. The article identifies the main feminine images that have developed in Russian culture, and also presents the evolution and formation of new feminine stereotypes based on the analysis of theoretical texts and socio-cultural practices of poets and public figures at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. In the course of the research, the genesis and evolution of feminine stereotypes in symbolist projects were comprehended, and the feminine images presented in the life-creation of Z. Gippius were analyzed. The main trends in the synthesis and removal of binary oppositions of masculine and feminine principles, as well as the ideas on the ambiguity and uncertainty of images of femininity are noted. The author focuses on the life-creation of Z. Gippius, who created original and popular in the future in the history of culture feminine stereotypes. When referring to the soviet period, the author notes the features of continuity and new trends in the formation of female stereotypes associated with ideological attitudes and the need to create new cultural patterns. Referring to the theoretical works and life-making of A. Kollontai, the author emphasizes the genetic connection of feminine stereotypes created in the culture of symbolism with the new concept of women of the Soviet period, and also notes the new attitudes of revolutionaries associated with the cult of collectivism and the need to return the binary oppositions of the feminine and masculine in culture, represented at a new level.


The 40 ° orientation relationship has a central role in the discussion of recrystallisation textures of aluminium. This orientation relationship has traditionally been associated with the oriented growth theory, but recent experimental observations indicate a link also to oriented nucleation. In the present work the importance and understanding of the 40 ° orientation relationship in recrystallisation is discussed. The specific energy of such grain boundaries has been given special attention.


green policies. All this is called "symbiotic practices" (p. 101). This, however, is not an answer to the issue of decontextualized social action but an analysis of competing discourses that guided controversial politics in the last decades. To this are added speculations about a lot of opportunities resulting from different, that is, ecological practices in modern societies: better science, more democracy, less inequality, cultural renaissance, and last, but not least, "coupling" (p. 193), from politics to science (interdisciplinarity). All the good hopes are assembled here—the good news after reading Beck's risk society. The final thoughts regard the relationship of humans to animals, the closure of humans to animals (alluding to the closure and exclusion debate) and to future human generations, a critique of deep ecology (see Mary Bookchin, Defending the Earth [Black Rose Books, 1991]), which end in a plead for a posthumanism that goes beyond truncated humanism, an argument very similar to the postmodern critique of enlightenment. French and German diagnostic ideas of our times are put together for whatever it means: a naturalistic humanism. I take this less as a philosophical tradition than a political program and project. This is the book of an engaged environmentalist whose ethical and moral impetus is out of question. The book is also full of interesting examples, arguments that are to be taken seriously. However, the theoretical concern is lost in a compilation of arguments against real and imagined enemies. In terms of contribution to sociological debates on the role of nature, be it in terms of structuralist, culturalist, or motivational (socialpsychological) explanations of social action, little in this quarry of ideas will bring that debate onto new ground.


This paper describes how to calibrate the right angle phase of a Four-Terminal-Pair (4TP) LCR meter. The meter uses the right angle signal to process synchronous detector as a vector receiver. The right angle calibration method uses, at least, one programmable phase signal generator and a phase shift circuits. The signal generator and the phase shifter do not require a precision 90 degree angle. As a result, the right angle phase deviation of the LCR meter is better than 100 murad at 10 MHz. This method is also applicable to the phase calibration of a vector network analyzer.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the gestures and speech shown by the main character of the film who have mental disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder. In the analysis, the researcher took "A Private War" film as a subject of this research with a case study of mental disorders, namely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The researcher used qualitative method in descriptive form it tells the story of the main character (Marie Colvin), a war journalist who suffers from mental disorders after experiencing a traumatic event while covering a war. The results of this research show the description of 10 gestures and 5 speeches main character with post-traumatic stress disorder they are experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event that causes intense fear, helplessness, or horror, Act or feel as if the event is happening again, flashbacks or a sense of reliving it, sleep disturbances and alcoholism, nervous and easily worried, having experienced terrible events, something is disturbed, and this has caused the emergence of memories associated with an event, and It is hard to believe in strangers they meet.  Researcher hopes this research will be useful for readers to understand mental disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder.


ABSTRACTAn account of the folklore of the Pai of northwestern Arizona collected by Henry P. Ewing, an agent to those Indians, prior to 1903 including a detailed origin myth and legendary behavioral patterns prescribed by the Pai culture-hero. These have been annotated in terms of current and historical data collected by the editors.


The pattern of light signals, which was proposed before for the measurement of the curvature, is investigated in a two‐dimensional manifold of constant curvature (deSitter space). The pattern consists of light signals between two freely moving bodies, each signal being emitted when the signal from the other body arrives. It is shown that the coordinates of the arrivals (or emissions) of the light signals can be obtained from the coordinates of the emission of the first signal by means of projective transformations [see Eq. (18)] which are iterates of a single such transformation. The same applies to the proper times at which these signals are received.


We are incontestably in a period in which we have broken away from a now vanished former order—insofar as "order" can apply to the Cold War—a period in which the world is seeking a new architecture of the world governance, seeking, in short, a governance yet to be found, that will be capable of apprehending the moment's problems, anticipating tomorrow's crises, and writing day-after-tomorrow's history. In other words, seeking a governance system adapted to a henceforth globalize world, a "world governance" that will allow collective problems to be managed collectively and will take into account the interdependence that today defines relations among all peoples. .


The main objective of this paper is to present the vector control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based upon the fuzzy logic control (FLC) that is utilized in a photovoltaic based water pumping system. The FLC performs well under any system parameter changes, load disturbances, and a sudden change in reference speed for the electrical motor-drive. The pump is driven by a PMSM in vector control mode. The system dynamic response is improved by using a power feed forward term. This accomplishes the goal of effective and efficient water pumping. The proposed system is designed, modelled, and simulated on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The system's performances at variable atmospheric conditions are investigated.


Due to myriad source and complex management for project data, it is helpful to simplify the analysis and design of project management system by research of data model. Ontology is applied for expressing project data model clearly. The expression models of concept and relation in the domain of project management are presented, and main concepts related to project management are intro- duced. The public domain and private domain were discussed for sharing project information. The framework including project structure, task structure and personnel structure were analyzed by explaining important relationship, Finally, based on the uniform concept model of data model, the application mode is provided.


In order to improve the stability of the sonar system with the unmanned ship as the working platform in the dynamic environment of the ocean, the tension cable feedback of the winch cable is introduced through the research on the hydraulic winch control system and the analysis of the heave motion of the unmanned ship. The relationship between wave height and the unmanned ship's heave amplitude and cable tension is analyzed to obtain the mathematical relationship between the heave amplitude and the cable tension. The lift range of the unmanned ship is expressed by the cable pull force. Therefore, a feedforward- feedback control algorithm based on PID is proposed. According to the variation of cable tension, some cables are released or tightened to ensure the normal operation of hoisting sonar. The simulation results of matlab/simulink are used to verify the control effect. Compared with the traditional PID closed-loop control method, the results show that the feedforward-feedback algorithm can keep the tension within a certain range and can quickly eliminate the interference. The effective control rate can reach 98.33%. It proves that it has better control ability than the closed- loop PID algorithm.


Minimally invasive valve surgery is evolving into a procedure of choice in the treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR). Visualization techniques have improved vastly over the past decades. With the use of 3D technology rib retractors can be avoided, incision size has come down to a minimum without reducing and even improving the surgeons view.


Defining nontrivial class instances for irregular and exponential datatypes in Haskell is challenging, and as a solution it has been proposed to extend the language with quantified class constraints of the form ∀a. C a ⇒ C' (f a) in the contexts of instance declarations. We show how to express the equivalent of such constraints in vanilla Haskell 98, but their utility in this language is limited. We also present a more flexible solution, which relies on a widely-supported language extension.


The growing incidence of neonatal candidiasis appears to be related to increased survival of very low-birth-weight infants, the use of intravenous


In some applications, the requirements of electro-hydraulic servo system
are not only precise positioning, but also the speediness capability at which the actuator is operated.

In order to enable the system to achieve rapid start and stop during the work process,
reduce the vibration and impact caused by the change of the velocity, at the same time improve the
positioning accuracy, and further strengthen the stability and the work efficiency of the system, it
is necessary to perform the synergistic control between the position and the velocity of the electrohydraulic
servo system.

In order to achieve synergistic control between the position and the velocity, a control
method of velocity feed-forward and position feedback is adopted. That is, based on the position
control, the speed feed-forward is added to the outer loop as compensation. The position control
adopts the PID controller, and the velocity control adopts the adaptive fuzzy neural network controller.
At the same time, the position and velocity sensors are used for feedback, and the deviation signals
between the position and the velocity obtained by superimposing the feedback are used as the
final input of the control object, thereby controlling the whole system.

The control effect of the designed position / velocity synergistic controller is verified by
simulation and experiment. The results show that the designed controller can effectively reduce the
vibration and impact caused by the change of the velocity, and greatly improve the response velocity
and the position accuracy of the system.

The proposed method provides technical support for multi-objective synergistic control
of the electro-hydraulic servo system, completes the requirements of multi-task operation, improves
the positioning accuracy and response velocity of the electro-hydraulic servo system, and realizes the
synergy between the position and the velocity. In this article, various patents have been discussed.


Degree is a right,including "interest","qualification" and "free behavior",and this legal behavior make sure that degree is legal and realistic as a right.The degree as a right requires that nonacademic standards are necessary in degree granting over all the countries and regions.The content of the nonacademic standards means that behaviors of degree applicants or recipients have validity,compliance and morality.


The identification of differentially expressed genes plays an increasingly important role biologically. Therefore, the feature selection approach has attracted much attention in the field of bioinformatics. The most popular method of principal component analysis studies two-dimensional data without considering the spatial geometric structure of the data. The recently proposed tensor robust principal component analysis method performs sparse and low-rank decomposition on three-dimensional tensors and effectively preserves the spatial structure. Based on this approach, the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{2,1}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="hu-ieq1-2943459.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>- norm regularization term is introduced into the DSTPCA (Double-Sparse Constrained Tensor Principal Component Analysis) method. The DSTPCA method removes the redundant noise by double sparse constraints on the objective function to obtain sufficiently sparse results. After the regularization norm is introduced into the model, the ADMM (alternating direction method of multipliers) algorithm is used to solve the optimal problem. In the experiment of feature selection, while the more redundant genes were filtered out, the more genes closely associated with disease were screened. Experimental results using different datasets indicate that our method outperforms other methods.


Objective To investigate the differentiation,development and activation of dendritic cells(DCs) and the changes of inflammatory cytokines in experiment colitis rat,and to evaluate the effects of mesalazine.Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NC group),colitis control group(CC group) and mesalazine-treated group(MC group).Histological inflammatory score of colonic mucose were studied.Changes in phenotype and functions of DCs in mesenteric lymphoid nodes were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining or flow cytometry.Changes of cytokines in mucosal were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay.Results Inflammatory scores have significantly differences in NC,CC,MC group(4.35±0.88,10.25±1.36 and 6.78±0.71,P0.05).Expressions of OX-62 and CD83 on DCs in mesenteric lymph node by immunohistochemical staining analysis among each group were 198.6±87.7,1422.1±598.2,503.2±78.4 and 87.6±24.4,709.2±199.6,322.7±112.3,respectively(P0.05).Expressions of MHC-Ⅱand CD86 on DCs by flow cytometry between each group were(26.2±7.2)%,(84.6±9.4)%,(48.1±9.0)% and(20.5 ± 7.7)%,(80.6 ± 8.8)%,(47.8±11.4)%,respectively(P0.05).TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-12 were higher and IL-10 was lower in CC group in supernatants of Peyers'patches cells than those in NC group(P0.05).TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-12 were decreased and IL-10 was increased in MC group compared with those in CC group,but expression of TGF-β had no statistical difference in three groups.Conclusion Differentiation,development,maturation of DCs and imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in development of experimental colitis,and relate to the autoimmune damage of colonic tissues.


It is known that many alternatives in designing an IR system. How do we know which of these techniques are effective in which  applications? Should we use stop lists? Should we stem? Should we use in- verse document frequency weighting? Information retrieval has developed  as a highly empirical discipline, requiring careful and thorough evaluation to demonstrate the superior performance of novel techniques on representative document collections. In  this research tries to present common (although many) evaluation  of measuring the effectiveness of IR systems that widely used. and the test collections that are most often used for this purpose. Then presenst the straightforward notion of relevant and nonrelevant documents and the formal evaluation methodol-ogy that has been developed for evaluating unranked retrieval results. This includes explaining the kinds of evaluation measures that are standardly used for document retrieval and related tasks like text clas-sification and why they are appropriate. This research can valuable for those want to do research in the field of IR. . Keyword: Information Retrieval, evaluation & measurement, Precion & Recall,


We study the change in internal rotational energy in the transformation of protons to neutrons in the [Formula: see text]-decay reactions that take place in the collapse of the iron core of massive stars that precede Type II supernova explosions. We consider an ensemble of electrons, protons, neutrons and neutrinos undergoing [Formula: see text]-decay reactions, treat the protons and neutrons as triatomic rotors, evaluate the equilibrium constant to obtain the change in rotational energy during the proton-to-neutron transformation. We estimate such change for a variety of conditions, and compare with the energy released in a supernova explosion.


PURPOSE:To form a rose color medical image good in color reproduction and gradation reproduction on an image receiving sheet using a thermal transfer sheet. CONSTITUTION:A thermal transfer sheet 20 of the three primary colors of yellow, magenta and cyan obtained by providing a dye layer 21 consisting of a dye and a binder on a base film 22 and an image receiving sheet 30 having a dye receiving layer are superposed one upon another and heated imagewise from the rear of the thermal transfer sheet 20 by the thermal head 9 controlled in its driving by a control unit 10 to form a full-color image on the image receiving sheet 30. The chromaticity value of the image formed when an achromatic color signal is inputted to the control unit 10 is subjected to tone correction by the control unit 10 so as to enter the range surrounded by four points of (a*=0, b*=0), (a*=202 b*=-5), (a*=18, b*=15), (a*=0, b*=15) at the time of L*=80. The dye layer 21 of the thermal transfer sheet 20 is determined so as to enter the range of the above mentioned chromaticity value.


Introduction: Mechanical force acting on selectin bonds facilitates neutrophil (PMN) rolling and transduction of signals that subsequently activate integrins that support cell arrest under hydrodynamic shear flow. E-selectin upregulated on inflamed endothelium has the unique capacity to bind multiple sialyl Lewis x (sLe x ) presenting ligands on circulating leukocytes to mediate slow rolling and activation of the β 2 integrin- lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which in turn binds ICAM-1 during PMN arrest at sites of inflammation. It was demonstrated in a mouse model that PSGL-1 is the primary E-selectin ligand (ESL) that facilitates cell rolling. L-selectin/PSGL-1 clustering at the site of adhesive contact provides an outside-in signal that in turn activates LFA-1. A fundamental difference between mouse and human PMN with respect to ESL recognition is the biosynthesis of glycosylated ligands. Human L-selectin (CD62L) expresses N- and O- linked sLe x that is recognized by the lectin domain of E-selectin, whereas mouse L-selectin is not decorated with sLe x . We report that CD62L binding and clustering by E-selectin is necessary and sufficient to transduce signals that activate LFA-1, even in the absence of PSGL-1 engagement. Our study aims to elucidate how sLe x expressed on CD62L is preferentially bound by E-selectin and how tension induced clustering at sites of adhesive contact transduces integrin mediated PMN arrest. Recognition of CD62L can be selectively blocked by rivipansel (GMI-1070), a small molecule glycomimetic pan-selectin antagonist. Materials and Methods: PMN are perfused into a microfluidic device at 2 dynes/cm 2 over a glass substrate coated with ICAM-1/E-selectin to mimic the inflamed vasculature and allow for quantification of rolling to arrest. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy employing quantitative dynamic footprinting (qDF) enables imaging of a membrane dye in conjunction with fluorescent antibodies to record cell adhesion and ligation of receptors by a molecular substrate. Rivipansel along with antibodies are used to block CD62L and PSGL-1 receptors. Fluorescent antibodies are used to image localization of receptors at the substrate. Immunoprecipitation of PMN lysates by E-selectin in presence or absence of antibody and rivipansel were followed up by Western blot analysis to identify their relative capacity to block recognition of CD62L versus PSGL-1. Results and Discussion: Isolated human PMN rolling to arrest was recorded on a substrate of recombinant human E-selectin/ICAM-1. Rivipansel inhibited PMN rolling at IC 50 ~6.5µM, whereas antagonism of β 2 -integrin activation resulted in tenfold more potent activity with an IC 50 ~0.5 μM. Blocking PSGL-1 with antibody did not alter this inhibition, indicating that it is not required for CD62L mediated outside-in signaling of β 2 -integrin dependent rolling to arrest. Western blots of PMN lysates immunoprecipitated against E- versus P-selectin revealed that rivipansel at 6.5 µM inhibits E-selectin recognition of sLe x on CD62L by ~70%, while PSGL-1 binding was unaltered at this concentration. qDF imaging of the distribution of CD62L/PSGL-1 during human PMN rolling on E-selectin/ICAM-1 revealed that PSGL-1 was not necessary for tethering interactions of CD62L on E-selectin, nor signaling of integrin activation and arrest. Conclusions: E-selectin recognition of sLe x expressed on CD62L is necessary and sufficient to generate outside-in signaling and activation of LFA-1 dependent arrest on ICAM-1. PSGL-1 contributes to PMN capture and rolling in shear flow, but is not requisite for conversion to arrest. Rivipansel binds tightly to the lectin domain on E-selectin and displaces sLe x presented by CD62L, thereby preventing subsequent signal transduction associated with integrin activation and stable bond formation to ICAM-1. Blocking activation and arrest of leukocytes by rivipansel may play a central role in its reported clinical benefit in treatment of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell patients. Disclosures Magnani: GlycoMimetics: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Malignant melanoma is known as the deadliest type of skin cancer. Nowadays, several automatic diagnosis systems have been developed in order to improve the detection of melanoma lesions. Boundary fluctuation of skin lesions is an important factor to discriminate different types of lesions. This paper introduces a new border descriptor that properly quantifies contents of the concave contours. The Fourier and wavelet descriptors of the proposed boundary intersection-based signature (BIBS) are obtained. Support vector machine (SVM) is used for classification process. It is shown that the BIBS has better performance in comparison with conventional shape signature. Also, the combination of the BIBS Fourier descriptor and a shape and textural feature set achieves the best accuracy of 90.34%, sensitivity of 92.02%, specificity of 88.08%, and precision of 91.72% with less feature dimension amongst previous works on Dermatology Information System and DermQuest datasets.


wereunremarkable exceptfor a lefteye trauma,fine restingtremorof the hands, rarespidernevi,anda guaiac-positive stool.All admitting laboratory studies were normal exceptfor the following: red bloodcell count4.13 x IOI2IL (4.7-6.1), hemoglobin 137gIL (140-180), hematocrit 0.40 fraction of 1.00 (0.424>.52),mean corpuscular volume 97.8 fl. (80-94), mean corpuscular hemoglobin 2.1 fmol (1.7-1.9), meanplatelet volume 6.8 fl. (7.4--10.4), lactatedehydrogenase248 UIL (110-200), aspartateaminotransferase 181 UIL (7-40), prothrombintime 8.8 s (8.9-11.3), bloodalcohol 40.6 mrnol/L, drugurinalysis cannabinoid positive. The patientwas admittedto the chemicaldependency unit and receivedstandard alcoholdetoxification treatmentand participatedin the rehabilitationprogram.Healsoreceived treatment for hiseye trauma. Antabuse therapy was initiated andthe patient wasdischarged fromthe hospital after28 days. Lysol brand disinfectant spray components include carbon dioxide 4% as the propellant, orthophenylphenol (OPP) 0.1%, and ethanol 79%.' OPP is classified as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. It is also used to prevent fungal contamination on crops and in the field of dentistry as a disinfectant. Almost all (96 percent) of a dose of OPP is excreted via the kidneys and the compound does not appear to be carcinogenic or teratogenic in rats. In toxicology studies OPP 2% 0000-1500 mglkgld) has elicited renal lesions in rats.' The amount of OPP consumed by our patient was not close to this dose (360 mg per 356-mL can) and our patient's renal status remained unchanged. The component in Lysol that appears to be the most damaging is the ethanol. Patients who consume Lysol should receive standard treatment for ethanol intoxication. Lysol abusers have reported to us that the reason they resort to drinking Lysol is that it is easy to shoplift and to drain the propellant from the can to obtain the ethanol. Our patient reported that he learned of this practice from Native Americans. The other patient we have seen engaging in this activity was Native American. Practitioners who work in chemical dependency treatment units should question their Native American patients to see if they participate in this activity.


Starting from the super-element concept of Tong and the Stress Intensity Factor Equations as derived by Sih et al., a hybrid-stress finite element set of equations for the stress intensity factors. K 1 and K 11 are developed. This approach utilizes the polynomials of two complex variables Σ 1 and Σ 2 in the transformed ξ-plane for the stress and displacement fields. The stiffness matrix was determined using a line integral on the boundary of the element whereas a properly selected shape function was used in the definition of the boundary element itself. Nodal displacement vector (q) was expressed in terms of the element displacement vector. Tabular comparisons with the results of the Boundary Value Collocation equations of Gandhi and plots of numerical results of glass-epoxy and graphite-epoxy for K 1 and K 11 in a unidirectional composite plate with elliptical crack in the center are also presented.


We present POPSICLES simulation results covering the full Antarctic Ice Sheet and the Southern Ocean spanning the period 1990 to 2010 resulting from two different choices of climate forcing: a "normal-year" climatology and the CORE v. 2 interannual forcing data (Large and Yeager 2008). Simulations are performed at 0.1(∼5 km) ocean resolution and adaptive ice sheet resolution as fine as 500 m. We compare time-averaged melt rates below a number of major ice shelves with those reported by Rignot et al. (2013) as well as other recent studies. We also present seasonal variability and decadal melting trends from several Antarctic regions, along with the response of the ice shelves and consequent dynamics of the grounded ice sheet.


Success in a competitive environment requires effectively selecting an optimal mix of value chain activities. Despite the fact that corporate executives need to understand the costs and benefits of supporting particular products and customers, little empirical evidence is available on how, and how well, companies are linking their value chain costs to these two cost objects. The results of this study, based on responses to a survey of 120 large U.S. manufacturing companies, indicate that firms tend to link their value chain costs to products/product lines more than to customers/customer classes. For both cost objects, most of the cost allocation bases used is volume-based. These findings suggest that while there is attention to the value chain costs, there is room for increasing the proportion of costs traced to products and customers and for expanding the use of non-volume allocation bases.


In austere environments with limited access to clean water, it is advantageous to use nonpotable water for construction (i.e., mixing water for concrete.) In rapid-response situations such as rapid airfield damage recovery (RADR), the use of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements is beneficial for expedient pavement repairs because of their rapid strength gain characteristics. However, the hydration products formed by CSA cements are substantially different from those formed by ordinary portland cement and might react differently to impurities that water sources may contain. A laboratory study component investigated the application of various salts and impure sources of mixing water with commercially available CSA cement-based products. A field component studied the application of naturally occurring impure water sources for RADR. Recommendations are made for implementation of impure mixing water for RADR using commercially available flowable fill and concrete products made with CSA cement.


CHICAGO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The heated regulatory environment has promoted a climate friendly to adversaries of the forprofit education sector – often including plaintiffs, short-sellers and individuals with an ax to grind. Often anecdotal or unsubstantiated complaints are presented as facts in the media, where there is no form of due process, and personal agendas and financial interests often go undisclosed. At Kaplan, we take very, very seriously concerns raised by our students. The allegations made in the Huffington Post article were filled with inaccurate information and fabrications. When complaints are brought to our attention, we accept full accountability, and address them swiftly and thoroughly. We do not sanction or accept misrepresentations to students, and have put in place numerous safeguards to ensure that they are protected. We're extremely proud of the high quality education we provide. There are thousands of employees, current students and alumni who have benefited from their association with us and have been outspoken in support of our educational mission.


Patient-Centered Medical Homes and Parental Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Beliefs and Adherence by Sydney L. Watkins MS, Howard University, 1989 BS, Howard University, 1986 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University February 2018 Abstract As many as 87% of children discontinue ADHD medication, which can lead to clinically significant academic, cognitive, and social impairment. ADHD costs billions of dollars to the healthcare and educational systems, and previous attempts to stem these costs and increase ADHD medication adherence have been unsuccessful. The purpose of this study was to determine if patient-centered medical homes (PCMH), which have been shown to improve patient health outcomes, impact parental beliefs (benefits vs. risks) about ADHD medication and adherence to ADHD medication. The theory of planned behavior was the theoretical framework for this study. There were 294 parents of children between the ages of 5 and 12 who had been prescribed ADHD medication who participated in a quantitative self-administered survey. Parental beliefs were assessed using the Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire–Specific, and medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale–8. The 2007 National Survey of Children's Health was used to determine group assignment. A MANCOVA was used to analyze the data and found parents in the PCMH group scored significantly higher in their beliefs that the benefits outweighed the risks of ADHD medication. However, no significant differences were found between groups related to parental adherence to ADHD medication. More research is recommended to learn how PCMHs can change positive ADHD medication beliefs into better ADHD medication adherence. This study has social change implications as it increases what is known about PCMHs and how they impact health outcomes. It also supports previous literature in the need to deliver all PCMH services, which is required to realize the full benefit of PCMHs.As many as 87% of children discontinue ADHD medication, which can lead to clinically significant academic, cognitive, and social impairment. ADHD costs billions of dollars to the healthcare and educational systems, and previous attempts to stem these costs and increase ADHD medication adherence have been unsuccessful. The purpose of this study was to determine if patient-centered medical homes (PCMH), which have been shown to improve patient health outcomes, impact parental beliefs (benefits vs. risks) about ADHD medication and adherence to ADHD medication. The theory of planned behavior was the theoretical framework for this study. There were 294 parents of children between the ages of 5 and 12 who had been prescribed ADHD medication who participated in a quantitative self-administered survey. Parental beliefs were assessed using the Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire–Specific, and medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale–8. The 2007 National Survey of Children's Health was used to determine group assignment. A MANCOVA was used to analyze the data and found parents in the PCMH group scored significantly higher in their beliefs that the benefits outweighed the risks of ADHD medication. However, no significant differences were found between groups related to parental adherence to ADHD medication. More research is recommended to learn how PCMHs can change positive ADHD medication beliefs into better ADHD medication adherence. This study has social change implications as it increases what is known about PCMHs and how they impact health outcomes. It also supports previous literature in the need to deliver all PCMH services, which is required to realize the full benefit of PCMHs. Patient-Centered Medical Homes and Parental Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Beliefs and Adherence by Sydney L. Watkins MS, Howard University, 1989 BS, Howard University, 1986 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University February 2018 Dedication This research is dedicated to my parents, Joan and Robert Watkins, who instilled in me the value of education and always encouraged and supported me to do my best. Mom and Dad in heaven, for all of your sacrifices that allowed me to have the things that you did not, for all of the times that you cheered me on to support my dreams, and for all of the love that you poured into me, I thank you and love you more than I could ever express! I did it Dad! I hope you are proud! Acknowledgments I want to thank my committee, Dr. Rex Philpot, Dr. Elisha Galaif, and particularly my chair Dr. Anthony Perry, for all of your support through my dissertation journey. I also want to thank my friends, family, and Alpha Kappa Alpha sorors who encouraged me along the way.


One of the major problems with the siting, permitting, construction, and operation of a municipal solid waste-to- energy facility is the disposal of residues. As resource recovery increasingly becomes the disposal option of choice and necessity for municipalities across the country, the foci of environmental concerns has switched from groundwater contamination and inappropriate land use issues associated with landfilling, to air pollution control and residue disposal issues associated with waste combustion. It is suggested that the two separate ash streams can no longer reasonably be considered one and should be analyzed and treated separately, thereby increasing and enhancing the opportunity to recycle from the bottom ash (75 percent) and to focus on a reduced quantity of fly ash material (25 percent) for fixation and reuse or disposal. Such action would conform to the principles of, and the present regulatory trend towards waste minimization. However, there are many regulatory, institutional, and logistical barriers to such promising and seemingly simple waste reduction strategies. While the spirit of solid and hazardous waste legislation may emphasize waste minimization, ambiguities in the regulations have undermined the actual intent, creating an environment of confusion and indecisiveness with respect to treatment and disposal of ash from resourcemore » recovery facilities. This book reports on a research and development program to assess the feasibility and possible environmental impacts of utilizing a selected fraction of the bottom ash stream from processed refuse fuel-fired boilers as an aggregate substitute. The purpose of the research program is to develop data on the characteristics of bottom ash during exposure to rain and weathering in proposed applications.« less


Objective To analyze the relativity between non-bacterial respiratory tract infection and acute exacerbation of asthma in children in autumn and winter.Methods From 179 asthma acute exacerbation children′s rhinopharynx secretions,7 viruses antigen including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(AdV),influenza virus A(IVA),influenza virus B(IVB),parainfluenza virus 1(PIV1),parainfluenza virus 2(PIV2) and parainfluenza virus 3(PIV3) were rapidly detected by immunofluorescence.MP-DNA and CP-DNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RSV-IgM,AdV-IgM,coxsackie B virus(CBV)-IgM,cytomegalovirus(CMV)-IgM,epstein-barr virus(EBV)-IgM and MP-IgM,CP-IgM in serum were examined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results In 120 cases out of 179 patients(67%),the pathogens were found in rhinopharynx secretions.The top 3 pathogens discovered were CBV[52 cases(29.1%)],RSV[44 cases(24.6%)] and MP[26 cases(14.5%)].Among the group of ages above 5,the top 3 pathogens detected were MP[12 cases(30%)],CBV[11 cases(23.5%)] and AdV[5 cases(12.5%)].In the group of ages below 5,the top 3 pathogens were CBV[41 cases(29.5%)],RSV[40 cases(28.8%)] and MP[14 cases(10.1%)].The frequency of RSV and MP detection had significant differences between the 2 groups(Pa0.05).Among the 159 cases of asthma associated complication were interstitial pneumonia,128 cases(71.5%) cases were younger than 5-year-old,31 cases(17.3%) cases were older than 5-year-old,which showed a significant diffe-rence(P0.05).The patients younger than 5-year-old with RSV positive were hospitalized for a longer time than those with MP and CBV positive.Conclusions MP and RSV are common etiological agents which implicate asthma acute exacerbation in children.It has a higher frequency of MP detection in patients older than 5-year-old,and a higher frequency of RSV detection in patients younger than 5-year-old.Non-bacterial respiratory tract infection can be implicated exacerbation of asthma,especially for under 5-year-old patients,RSV positive patients in this group are hospitalized for a longer time.


ABSTRACT This paper investigates the problem of global output feedback stabilisation for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems, where output function is time-varying and continuous, and multiple time delays exist in system state at the same time. A double-domination method is used to capture time-varying measurement error and delayed states. The control strategy is presented based on the choice of Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and the construction of a novel state observer without using the information on the output function and nonlinearities. A simulation example is given to show the efficiency of the proposed control scheme.


Introduction
 Patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) experience a high symptom burden, suffer from diminished quality of life, and often receive aggressive care at the end of life. Low completion rates of advance directives (ADs) regarding preferences for end-of-life care in this population are also common. Our study aims to examine the feasibility of a timely educational intervention about an online AD (i.e., OurCareWishes.org; OCW) for patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We also seek to ascertain whether this educational intervention impacts patients' decisional conflict regarding transplant and quality of life.
 Methods
 Patients scheduled for HCT were recruited and randomized to receive either in-person guided education about OCW (i.e., intervention) or standard AD information (i.e., usual care) 3-4 weeks prior to hospital admission for transplantation. Patients receiving the educational intervention were offered the opportunity to specify their preferences for life-sustaining or comfort-oriented care using vignettes and ultimately complete two components of online AD (e.g., health care proxy and living will). All patients received in-person follow-ups during their transplant and 2 months post-transplant appointments, during which patients who had received the educational intervention were re-approached about completing the online AD. Patients indicating a previously completed AD were offered the opportunity to review. At all three time points, patients were surveyed on their (1) decisional conflict regarding transplant using Decision Conflict Scale (DCS, 16-item, Range 0-60) and their (2) overall quality of life using McGill Quality of Life (MQoL) scale (16-item, Range 1-7). Greater DCS and MQoL scores represent greater decision conflict and better quality of life, respectively. We conducted a one-way repeated measures ANOVA to examine the effect of the educational AD intervention on decisional outcomes and quality of life.
 Results
 A total of 96 patients (98% Recruitment Rate) consented to participate and were randomized to receive either OCW (n=47) or standard AD information (n=49). They underwent either autologous (n=29), allogeneic reduced intensity (n=29), or allogeneic myeloablative (n=38) HCT. Most patients were male (n=57; 61%) and White (n=85; 89%). The median age was 59 (IQR=49.5-65.5) years (Table 1). There were no differences between intervention and usual care groups in their rating for overall quality of life and decisional conflict at all three timepoints (all p>0.05). 48% of patients (n=49) self-reported to have completed an AD prior this study, but only 43% (n=21) had a current AD uploaded to the EHR. Moreover, less than 6% of patients who received the OCW intervention fully completed the online AD.
 Conclusions
 This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of administering a brief educational intervention on advance care planning (ACP) in patients with hematologic malignancies preparing for HCT. Participants in this study were generally receptive to discussions about advance care planning, even when presented by non-clinical staff. Education about advance directives does not appear to negatively affect decisional outcomes or quality of life. Nonetheless, further research should focus on how to increase AD completion rates, possibly through multidisciplinary team engagement in serious illness conversations and coordinated physician/patient incentives. Future studies should examine the impact of education of AD on aggressiveness of care and end-of-life outcomes in patients undergoing HCT.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Offers an alternative technique in forecasting to the traditional techniques used in trading and dealing. The book explains the short comings of traditional techniques and shows how neural networks overcome many of the disadvantages of these traditional systems. It shows how to apply it in practice in a variety of financial institutions.


A numerical procedure for determining unsteady subsonic flow past a finite-deflection, oscillating cascade is described. Based on the assumption of small-amplitu de blade motions, the unsteady flow is governed by linear equations with variable coefficients which depend on the underlying steady flow. These equations are solved on a nonorthogonal, body-fitted, and periodic grid which facilitates the implementation of blade, wake, and cascade-periodicity conditions but disallows the use of standard difference approximations. Instead, difference approximations are based on an implicit least-squares development applicable on arbitrary grids. This permits flexibility in the choice of difference neighbors and the simultaneous approximations of differential equation and boundary conditions at boundary points, strategies which can significantly improve numerical accuracy. Sample results illustrating the effects of blade thickness, motion frequency, and inlet Mach number on the unsteady response of staggered cascades are presented. N unsteady aerodynamic analysis which accounts for the effects of mean flow deflection due to blade geometry and flow turning and is capable of providing efficient predictions of unsteady response coefficients is an important requirement for turbomachinery applications. A general aerodynamic model which fully includes the effects of nonuniform mean or steady flow on a small-disturbance unsteady flow has been formulated and described in Refs. 1 and 2. The steady flow is governed by the full potential equations, and the unsteady flow is governed by linear equations with variable coefficients which depend on the underlying steady flow. In contrast to classical linear theory, an unsteady aerodynamic formulation which includes the effects of nonuniform mean flow requires numerical solutions of the governing steady and unsteady boundary value problems. Numerical procedures for determining steady subsonic3 or transonic 4 potential flow through cascades are currently available. A solution procedure for the linear, variable-coefficient, unsteady problem is described in the present paper. Since the unsteady aerodynamic model treats realistic cascade configurations, the numerical approximation must take into account nonrectangular geometries. Generally, approximations to differential equations in nonrectangula r regions are developed in one of two ways. A mapping may be defined so that in mapped variables calculation points can be placed in a rectangular grid; the transformed equations are then approximated using rectangular difference expressions in the usual way. Alternatively, more general difference ap- proximations may be defined so that differential equations can be approximated on nonrectangula r meshes in physical variables. Thompson, Thames, and Mastin5 have defined global mappings for arbitrary two-dimensional bodies, but these mappings are inappropriate for cascades since the resulting meshes generally do not allow for cascade periodicity. Ives and Liutermoza4 have determined global mappings which transform infinite two-dimensional cascade regions into rectangular computational regions while allowing for cascade periodicity. However, the necessary mappings are not presently known for all cascades, particularly those with


The bringing out of an American edition of Kerner and Oliver's Natural History of Plants, together with its great attractiveness and generally great value, makes it certain that this work will be used throughout the United States as a reference book or encyclopedia of botany. It therefore seems sufficiently worth while to give some attention to the ideas that are promulgated in its pages. It is not a particularly pleasant task to point out imperfections in so beautifully printed and skilfully compiled a work as the one in hand, but if botanical students are to be referred to this Natural History of Plants by their teachers, and it is to be held before them as an authority, it is of the greatest importance that some of its shortcomings should be known that they may be guarded against by teacher and by pupil. I shall confine myself in this paper to indicating some of the errors, as I take them, in only one division of the workthat is, the chapters on the Genesis of plant offspring, in volume II, pt. I (half-vol. III of the four vol. edition, Henry Holt & Co.). It is not too much to say that this part of the Natural History is absolutely untrustworthy, not only in its statements of theory but again and again in its statements of fact. I have convinced myself by reference to the original German edition that these errors are not those of the translators. In order to point out a few of them a series of quotations and comments will be given. p. 6. "In most-probably in all-divisions of the vegetable kingdom, two kinds of propagation occur. In each case a single protoplast forms the starting point for the new individual but in the one, this protoplast does not require the special stimulus afforded by union with another." p. 46. "If a fruit is to arise, the ooplasm, i. e. the protoplasm destined to initiate a new generation, must unite with the fertilizing protoplasm which is called spermatoplasm," and p. 46, "the union of two protoplasts constitutes the essence of fertilization."


Abstract This paper deals with a framework of model order reduction for high-order parametric, linear systems. A set of low-order nonparametric systems with different reduced orders is computed for sample points. Then, two approaches are presented applying pseudoinverses for the introduction of generalized coordinates. Finally, a reduced system for a new parameter value is obtained by interpolating differently sized system matrices. The paper extends current methods to the general case where the local systems have different reduced orders.


Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structure is such a critical problem to structural safety that many researches have been performed for maintaining required performance during intended service life. This paper is for a numerical technique for obtaining optimum concrete mix proportions through genetic algorithm (GA) for RC structures under carbonation which is considered as a serious deterioration in underground sites and big cities. For this study, mix proportions and CO2 diffusion coefficients are analyzed through the previous studies, and then the fitness function of CO2 diffusion coefficient is derived through regression analysis. The fitness function from 69 test results includes 5 variables of mix proportions such as w/c (water to cement) ratio, cement content, sand content percentage, coarse aggregate content, and R.H. (relative humidity). Through GA technique, simulated mix proportions are obtained for 12 cases of verification and they show reasonable results with average relative error of 4.6%. Assuming intended service life and design parameters, intended CO2 diffusion coefficients and cement contents are determined and then related mix proportions are simulated. The proposed technique can provide initial concrete mix proportions which satisfy service life under carbonation.


The benefits of smoking cessation are particularly relevants in terms of mortality reduction and enlargement of life expectancy for any age group and for both sexes.


WE SHOW that solulions which create spherical voids are unstable relative to the formation of long, thin voids that point in the radial direction, for a large class of nonlinearly elastic materials. We compare sufficicnl conditions for the formation of such "filamentary voids" to criteria for crazing in glassy polymers.


To establish solutions for the design, implementation, rational maintenance and operation of their, it was analyzed in this paper some of the geometric elements of a forest road or the distance between pickets and applicable lengths (distances). Due to the complexity of the functions they perform forest roads (Lugoa A.E. et al., 2000), the strategy for expanding road networks in the future should aim primarily forest management in strict compliance with the insurance idea of continuity of the production forest. Against the study and attempting to establish the existence of correlative links between certain characteristics of forest road design, to be subsequently studied in depth, so they can be developed concrete conclusions regarding their design. The obtained results are presented to discussions that can provide some solutions to problems in the design. The study was conducted forest road Tomnatic, with a length of 1027,97 m, located in the forest of Forestry Ruscova, UP II Repedea, from the Department of Forestry Baia Mare. With a view to identifying possible link correlations between the distances between pickets and distances applicable used on forest road Tomnatic were considered two rows of values that have been tested with the most popular regression equations or logarithmic, linear, power, polynomial, and exponential. Analyzing the values the relationship of correlation obtained for the link between the distances between pickets and distances applicable, revealed a correlation logarithmic, with ratio of correlation R = 0,518, so one distinctly significant in statistical terms, which allows drawing conclusions in this direction. Among regression equations with two pairs of factors best results were obtained using logarithmic correlations that distinct statistically significant, and shows a close interdependencies between the distances between pickets and distances applicable.


Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment of in vivo pig pancreases, and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HIFU in the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer in humans. Methods: HIFU was performed in 12 domestic pig pancreases in vivo with varying acoustic energies. The safety of HIFU treatments was assessed by necropsy. The pathology and microstructure of the treated pancreases were evaluated using standard histology and transmission electron microscopy. Following the animal studies 62 patients with advanced pancreas cancer were treated with 250 – 420 W of acoustic power. There were 3 patients with stage II, 23 patients with stage III, and 36 patients with stage IV disease. Results: In animal studies, precise regions of coagulation necrosis were identified on pathology in 8 specimens that were treated with 420 W or 645 W acoustic power. Treatment effects were unable to be identified in 4 specimens treated with 300∼340 W acoustic power...