Traditional middleware is usually developed on monolithic and non-evolving entities, resulting in a lack of flexibility and interoperability. Among current architectures, Service Oriented Architectures aim to easily develop more adaptable Information Systems. Most often, Web Service is the fitted technical solution which provides the required loose coupling to achieve such architectures. However, there is still much to be done in order to obtain a genuinely flawless Web Service, and current market implementations still do not provide adaptable Web Service behavior depending on the service contract. In this paper, we present our two last years of work toward a more adaptable SOA. We proposed two approaches that consider Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) as a new design solution for Web Services. The two approaches enable us to glue new non-functional behaviors to a Web Service without going back to modify, recompile, retest and finally redeploy it.


Rhodes, David, and Combs (1988) first administered the Tellegen Absorption Scale to 35 students who then rated how much they liked eight musical selections representing classical, new age, rock, and country music. Correlations were .51 (p < .01) for classical music, .40 (p < .05) for new age music, .20 (n.s.) for rock music, and .ll (n.s.) for country music. The authors concluded that the findings were consistent with the hypothesis that the trait of absorption is related to the enjoyment of music and that such a relation is strongest for classical music. They also argued that new age music, which also yielded a significant correlation with the absorption scale, was most similar to classical music in format and complexity. We believe, however, that the methodology is not closely tied to the authors' hypotheses, nor are their conclusions entirely consistent with the data presented. The authors hypothesized that a positive relation exists "between the trait of absorption and the ability to enjoy music." In fact, the authors did not test the hypothesis that absorption is related to an ability to enjoy music Because there are large individual differences in preference for musical styles, it cannot be assumed that enjoyment of a musical piece implies anything about a subject's ability to enjoy muslc Although enjoyment of music was shown to correlate with absorption, the ability to enjoy mlis~c was not measured and was therefore not examined. Although the authors hypothesized that the relation between absorption and classical music would be strongest because of its musical complexity, "complexity" was not operationalized. Indeed, the presence or absence of lyrics, rather than complexity, might have mediated the correlations obtained. Further, the conclusion that the relation between absorption and enjoyment of classical music is the strongest is not justified by the data presented. To demonstrate this, the authors would have had to show that the correlation between classical music and absorption is greater than that obtained between absorption and other musical stvles Simply inspecting the correlations is not a sufficient basis for comparing the relative slrength of the relation between absorption and type of music. Moreover, although the authors collapsed across musical selections to compute correlations, this procedure may not be appropriate: the relation becween absorption and musical type may vary across the selections. As a final caveat, the possibility that context effects (Council, Kirsch, & Hafner, 1986) artificially inflated the correlation becween absorption and music enjoyment should be considered. Because the absorption scale was administered in the same context as the music-racing task, context-based expectancies could have mediated the positive correlations obtained. Despite the Limitations we have noted, the hypothesis that absorption and music enjoyment are correlated is interesting and warrants further investigation.


Abstract Classical theories of channelized subglacial drainage identify a melting vs creep balance at the channel-ice boundary that is crucial in determining its steady flow properties, but this consideration neglects the role of erodible-deformable basal sediments, especially in controlling channel morphology. Here we present a mathematical model for channel/underneath ice sheets, which incorporates the detailed mechanics of sediment transport over a mobile till-bed interface, and which allows a variable, wide channel cross section also. The resulting drainage conditions depend on the sediment flux (q) as well as the water flux (Q) through the channel - these quantities being controlled by the rates at which sediment and meltwater are captured by the flow. An approximate analytical solution indicates a "canal"-type drainage law (Walder and Fowler, 1994) of the form where N2 is thε effective channel pτessUτe, n is the exponent in Glen's flow law for ice, and Ψ is the imposed hydraulic gradient (due to topography). By solving the downstream problem numerically, the canal characteristic has been confirmed and found to be insensitive to upstream conditions. Thus, low effective pressures can result from high basal water flux or melt rates. This supports the contention that canals may be a central component in fast ice flow over soft beds The proposed model also establishes a fundamental link between the plumbing system of a glacier and its sediment budget.


Traps in AlN nucleation layers on bulk silicon and Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) substrates have been studied by Capacitance-Voltage and low-frequency gate current noise measurements. Both methods indicate a lower trap density for the layers on SOI, suggesting a better quality AlN layer from a viewpoint of electrically active defects.


Rapid growth and usage of different information and communication (ICT) tools influence of private and business activities. In order to sustain their position on the market, companies invest in their employees, especially in their lifelong education in the area of developing information skills. In this paper, the authors investigate the importance of ICT education in companies. The goal of the paper is to examine to what extent enterprises in European countries provide training in order to develop or upgrade the ICT skills of their employees. Data about enterprises that provide training regarding the development of ICT skills were collected from Eurostat for the year 2018. Data about Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and its subindexes and data about the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) index have also been collected for the year 2018 in order to conduct comparative analysis. Results indicate that there is a positive trend regarding training for developing ICT skills, however, mostly in developed European countries. Although enterprises in developing countries do not substantially lag behind, their investment in this area is evidently lower.


Abstract Aims During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-June 2020), surgeons were advised where possible to avoid operating on appendicitis due to the perioperative risk for patients and theatre staff. This resulted in an increase in conservative management and a decreased negative appendicectomy rate (NAR) (COVID:HAREM). We sought to assess if the experience in 2020 had changed practice a year on. Methods Data collection was undertaken of patients presenting acutely with appendicitis or clinical appendicitis requiring diagnostic laparoscopy, using the electronic records. Data was collected over the same three-month period in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Patient's electronic records were reviewed. Results In total 174 patients were identified over the three-year period (59, 46 and 69). Mean age was 42 and 55% were female. The number of patients undergoing US scans dropped during the pandemic (36%, 26% and 41%) whereas CT use increased (37%, 63% and 46%). In 2021, conservative management of patients had not returned to pre-pandemic levels (5%, 46% and 19%). NAR were 12%, 0% and 5%. Mean length of stay was unchanged (3.3, 3.9 and 3.5days). Conclusions This study demonstrates the change of practice during and following the first wave of pandemic. In 2020, more patients were undergoing a diagnostic imaging and fewer patients were undergoing an operation compared to 2019, demonstrated improvement in the NAR in 2020. Although these changes have dampened in 2021, the trend is still present; there is an improved NAR in 2021 compared to 2019, possibly due to more patients undergoing CT.


SAPO‐34 is an important member in the family of zeolites, which shows excellent catalytic activity in MTO reaction, but suffers from the diffusion bottleneck. To overcome the diffusion problem, porogen was added to generate meso/macro pores in SAPO‐34 zeolite. In this work, amphipathic molecules were designed as CSDA to synthesize a tri‐level hierarchically porous SAPO‐34, and the introduction of CSDA could promote the Si atoms incorporating into the AlPO4 framework, change the morphology of particles and decrease the acidity of prepared SAPO‐34 zeolite. The prepared SAPO‐34 catalyst exhibits higher selectivity of C2H4 and C3H6 in the MTO reaction than the conventional SAPO‐34 zeolite. The morphology and the microstructure of the prepared samples vary with the carbon chain of the amphipathic molecules due to the matching between amphipathic molecules and topological structure of CHA.


The reaction of the vanadium(II) carbonyl [Cp2V(CO)] and B(C6F5)3 resulted in formation of zwitterionic, ring-borylated vanadium(III) complexes [(Cp)(C5H4B(C6F5)3)V] (3) and [(Cp)(C5H4B(C6F5)3)V(CO)2] (4) and of the salt [Cp2V(CO)2][HB(C6F5)3] (5). All were characterized by crystallography. Formation of a hydride vanadium(IV) [(Cp)(C5H4B(C6F5)3)VH(CO)] obtained by the electrophilic addition of the borane at the Cp-ring followed by redox and disproportionation reaction is suggested to account for these results.


Surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding is a promising chemical enhanced oil recovery method in carbonates with high salinity brines especially where an existing waterflooding infrastructure is in place. SP flooding improves both the microscopic and macroscopic sweep efficiencies. The polymer viscosifies the injection water to control mobility, while the surfactant reduces the oil-water interfacial tension, and possibly alter wettability, to mobilize trapped oil. In this work, we investigate SP flooding recovery mechanisms in carbonates at the pore-scale.
 Two polymers were used in this work: a Thermo-Viscosifying Polymer (TVP) and an Acrylamido tertiary butyl sulfonate (ATBS) with an acrylamide (AM) copolymer. Surfactants utilized were different grades of an amphoteric carboxybetaine. A set of four coreflooding experiments were performed at 90°C with a high-salinity injection brine (57,000 ppm). The first two corefloods investigated the independent performance of the chemicals (i.e. polymer flooding and surfactant flooding). The remaining two investigated the combined effects of SP flooding. The effects of different aging times were studied, too. Furthermore, micro-CT imaging were conducted at different steps both before and after flooding to evaluate saturation distributions and the chemicals effects on recovery. The images were also processed to segment the different phases which allows further evaluation of recovery mechanisms at the pore-scale.
 Based on fluid occupancy maps, samples aged for one week exhibited strong water-wetness while samples aged for two weeks exhibited moderate water-wetness. In samples aged for one week, the final fluid occupancy was (i.e. remaining oil existed as) buckets of oil surrounded by water. While in samples aged for two weeks, the remaining oil was weekly attached to the surface of the pores. In terms of the recovery performance of the independent processes, the polymer flood showed better recovery than the surfactant flood. This supports the conclusion that in water-wet media the effect of surfactant alone is not significant if not coupled with mobility-control. In general, this work also demonstrates the utility of Micro-CT scanning in providing better understanding of recovery mechanisms at the pore-scale. With more accurate segmentation of the different phases, it can also provide a mean for in-situ contact angle measurements.


[Objective]To explore the operative methods and curative effect of the damage of the deltoid ligament.[Method]From April 2002 to April 2005,all 40 cases with ankle fractures were treated by open reduction and firm internal fixtion,by repairing of the deltoid ligament and restoration of stability of medial and lateral structures of ankle joint.If separation of the tibio-fibular joint was still unstable,transverse internal fixtion was adopted with one cortical bone screw.[Result]All cases were followed up from 6 months to 3 years with an average of 18 months,and were evaluated according to the criteria of QI Bin:the results showed excellent in 30 cases,fair in 8 cases and poor in 2 cases,the rate of excellent results was 75%.[Conclusion]The authers emphasized that,in order to obtain satisfactory result,open anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixtion must be adopted in the fractures,the deltoid ligament should be treated properly.


Sept. 17, 1984. 8 pgs.
GCSU bank problems - money transferred from P-T's account to cover an S.U.
cheque by the Bank of Montreal because GCSU Executive had "taken its surplus
funds and put them into a short term deposit,,t and had insufficient funds.


At the age of children between 2 and 7 is a period a rapid development of imagination and creativity. The world of imagination in this period will be several times stronger than the world of adults. The child's imagination can lead to the development of his creative thinking. This will help him to find a solution to the encountering problems that may arise in the future. However, a strict parenting can stop the child's creative thinking. This article will show how the authoritarian parenting style affects child's creativity.


Some SAM was discussed. Using a series of hypothesis to design proportional navigation simulation trajectory that satisfied the counterwork simulation; Using the method of instantaneous balance to handle the some SAM aerodynamic parameter. In result, It formed the balance pitch coefficient and side coefficient after the aerodynamic parameter being handled. Under the perfect work condition of the missile control system, the body of normal force and side force equaled to the requirement force could be educed. Through this conclusion, the trajectory equation was constituted. From the simulation, It can educe that the equation of ballistic trajectory by the hypothesis is true. The equation of ballistic trajectory can describe some SAM trajectory characteristic.


This poster presents the preliminary work of providing injury-preventing feedback for free-weight exercises. The primary goal is to identify features that lead to the safe completion of repetitions. We use logistic regression to forecast if users can execute an additional rep in their active state. Our preliminary study observes standard exercise metrics and energy consumption as individuals reach task failure or show a lack of form. Initial results suggest that performance can forecast the safe completion of future reps.


At this hour, IT&C is very weak represented in agriculture. Regarding the other European countries, Romanian agriculture doesn't make use of the facility offered by the modern data storing and processing devices. The present paper tries to present the advantages brought by ITC&C, and the existing problems in Romania, problems that must be surpass.


where r, s are non negative integers such that r <_ s. Let q=p be sufficiently large power of p and M,(Z) be the set of mX2 rational integral matrices, then the quantity A(S, T) is defined to be the number of the solutions X in M,2(Z), which are different mod q one from nother, of the mtrix equation ( 1 ) tXSX=_T (mod q), where X is the transposed of X. There is a formula which expresses A(S, T) as kind of exponential sum, so called generalized Gaussian sum. (For details the reader is referred to [1] or [8].) Let <x} be a function of a reM variable x defined by oa<x} exp (2rix / q). Let B=(b) be the binary symmetric square matrix with coefficients in Z, and C be an element of M,.(Z). By B(q) we understand that the quantities b, 2b and b run independently modulo q and by C (mod q) we understand that the coefficients of C run independently modulo q. Then the formula mentioned above reads ( 2 ) q3Aq(S, T)= Yq, a<tr {(tCSC-T)B}}, B(q) C (,nod q)


This article discusses the formation of students' creativity in a Russian language lesson in detail. Russian language teaching is carried out not only in literature classes, but also in any educational topic and outside the classroom, in free communication with students; live Russian is becoming a universal of school life. The basis for the formation of civic and cultural identity is the Russian language. Teaching is a complex, multi-component mobile system that is rebuilt depending on who needs to be taught what, for what. This is a system that requires the synthesis of all theoretical knowledge, the ability to analyze, and model the situation of communication in pedagogical practice.


We studied occupation skill standards of "NC machine maintenance and repair" curriculum in this paper,and put forward the significance and method of establishing curriculum standards.Furthermore,we brought up the design content of the course based on project-teaching.


Academic libraries typically offer short, stand-alone workshops focused on specific topics. These might be 60- to 120-minute sessions on topics such as an introduction to citation management software, text analysis, 3-D printing, or systematic reviews, and are predominantly offered throughout the fall and spring semesters.


Together with recent advances in exfoliation techniques, the discovery of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials has laid the foundations for the manufacture of single layered sheets from any 3D layer. The 2D materials family includes a wide selection of compositions covering almost all of the periodic table elements. This result in a wide range of electronic properties including metals, semimetals, insulators and semiconductors with direct and indirect band gaps varying across the visible range from ultraviolet to infrarot. Therefore, they have the potential to play a crucial role in the future of nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and the assembly of modern ultra-flexible devices. We classify the 2D materials by their structure, composition and electronic properties. In this review we distinguish atomically thin materials (graphene, silicene, germanene, and its saturated forms; hexagonal boron nitride; silicon carbide), rare earth, Semimetals, metal transition chalcogenides and halides, and finally organic 2D synthetic materials, exemplified by 2D covalent organic frameworks. Our exhaustive data collection provided in this Atlas reveals the wide range of electronic properties, including band gaps and mobilities of electron. To cover their range of applications, peculiarities and drawbacks, the key points of the current analytical methods applied to 2D materials are discussed with special emphasis.


A method of fabricating a MOS transistor with a controllable and modulatable conduction path through a dielectric gate oxide is disclosed, wherein the transistor structure comprises a dielectric oxide layer formed between two silicon plates, and wherein the silicon plates overhang the oxide layer all around to define an undercut having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. The method comprises the steps of: chemically altering the surfaces of the silicon plates to have different functional groups provided in the undercut from those in the remainder of the surfaces; and selectively reacting the functional groups provided in the undercut with an organic molecule having a reversibly reducible center and a molecular length substantially equal to the width of the undercut, thereby to establish a covalent bond to each end of the organic molecule.


: This article is based on research focused on the synergies between compositional elements in Music and Architecture. The study focuses on innovative composition sources from Music, which is faced with creation processes similar to those of Architecture. The compositional and artistic genesis relationships that exist between Music and Architecture are diverse and have been analysed traditionally, but there is a need to update them. To this end, the text explores two contemporary compositional strategies: expressiveness and morphology. Taking them as vehicles for channeling synergies, relationships are established between musical and architectural compositions, illustrating them with two couples: two innovative melodies and two emblematic university campuses (University of Virginia and National Autonomous University of Mexico-UNAM). The reason for choosing this type of project is because, due


The effect of sodium benzoate(SB)nucleating agent using microemulsion as nano-vehicle on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of polypropylene was studied. SB was solubilized by adding predetermined amount of water, mineral oil, 1-hexanol and Tween 60 dropwise to obtain a single-phase microemulsion.Both SB microemulsion and SB powder were used for PP modification through melt compounding. The results of mechanical properties, small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS), polarizing microscope(POM)and DSC show that the microemulsion method can improve the dispersion of nucleating agent and the orientation of PP. The flexural strength and moduli of PP modified with SB microemulsion are much higher than those of PP modified with SB powder using conventional mixing method. More crystal nuclei can be formed during the crystallization of PP and the crystallinity of PP is further increased when SB was loaded by microemulsion method compared with used in powder form.


In China, owing to some promotion policies of prefabricated buildings, the enterprises of precast concrete components grow by leaps and bounds. However, there are lots of influence factors of selecting PC factories' locations. It's a complex and multi-criteria decision-making problems. How to make a right decision is very important because the location will affect the operation cost and core competence. The paper puts forward four primary criterion: the geographical factors, economic factors, social and environmental factors on the basis of summarizing the related research results, combining with the experience of the experts and the characteristics of the precast concrete components techniques. There are total 19 secondary criteria under the primary ones. Then the paper presents a fuzzy group decision-making model based on the triangular fuzzy numbers. Finally an example is given to prove the model's validity and scientificity. The research result will provide a new method and idea to select the precast concrete factories' locations.


[Objective] The effect of the initial concentration of carbendazim,the adding amount of ozone and temperature on the apparent rate constant in the degradation of carbendazim was researched.[Method] The relationship between the apparent rate constant and reaction dose in the process of the carbendazim degradation in water was experimented.[Results] The results indicated that under the condition of different doses of ozone-adding and initial concentrations the process of carbendazim degradation was matched with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.The apparent rate constants had the positive relativity with applied ozone dose and negative correlation with initial concentration.The apparent rate constant was decreased with increment of initial concentration.However,the absolute removal rate of the reactants was increased,which indicated that the increment of initial concentration would be beneficial to the improvement of the utilization rate of ozone.The apparent rate constant was increased with the increment of temperature,which was consistent with the general law of chemical reaction.[Conclusion] The reference for the safety and efficiency degradation of carbendazim was provided through the experiment.


In traditional agricultural planting, users or managers rely mainly on human perception to obtain agricultural data. This method requires the loss of a large number of laborers. The survey results have a large gap due to their individual abilities. Aiming at the requirements of apple orchard in China on environmental parameters, this paper proposed an apple orchard monitoring system based on wireless sensor network. Based on CC2530 chip, the establishment of wireless sensor network was completed. Use IOT, ZigBee wireless transmission and sensor-related technology to accurately obtain environmental parameters. By modularized design and the use of jumping between ZigBee networking, we collected and transmited information about temperature, humidity, infrared and lighting parameters in apple orchard. Experiments showed that the apple orchard environment monitoring system covered a wide area, fast and stable transmission data, low power consumption, high practical value.


The influence of the environment on the artefacts often translates (in absence of protecting measures) into their damage trough physical, chemical or biological processes. Most artefacts (regardless of their nature) are affected by the action of fungi. Previously it was shown that the most widespread fungi are those of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. Developing new bioremediation recipes based on synthesized chemical substances (with low or absent toxicity for humans and to the rest of the environment) can remove the shortcomings of the currently used methods (gamma or UV irradiation, etc.). This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of new materials (hydroxyapatite and its derivatives, hydroxides of alkaline earth metals). Characterization of the synthesized materials was performed using state-of-the-art analytical techniques (XRD, XRF, FTIR, thermal analysis). Characterization in terms of antifungal action was performed using the diluted inoculum technique on culture media. The obtained results allow us to hope for an alternative method for the removal of biodegradation, using selected synthesized materials.


In this paper, we describe a genetic learning neural network system to vector quantize images directly to achieve data compression. The genetic learning algorithm is designed to have two levels: One is at the level of code words in which each neural network is updated through reproduction every time an input vector is processed. The other is at the level of code-books in which five neural networks are included in the gene pool. Extensive experiments on a group of image samples show that the genetic algorithm outperforms other vector quantization algorithms which include competitive learning, frequency sensitive learning and LBG.


In the supply chain, the return of goods is of great importance. For different reasons, the flow of materials and goods is inevitable in the opposite direction of the chain. Therefore, dealing with the subject of the reverse logistics network and management and its leadership is effective and necessary. In this study, a two-level supply chain including suppliers and several retailers are studies with the possibility of return of goods in a problem of the newsvendor. First, to construct the initial model, the library method is used and then using mathematical methods to model determine the optimum order value and optimal supplier price and maximize the supply chain profit in a single-period model with a random demand market. It is also considering a case where the exchange of goods is justified in terms of a dearth of surplus-surplus and retailers unite.


OBJECTIVE
To observe the adverse effects of specific immunotherapy (SIT) with standardized dust mite allergen preparation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

METHOD
Three hundred and eighty-six patients with allergic rhinitis who received subcutaneous SIT with a standardized dust mite allergen preparation were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated for at least 15 weeks,adverse effects after each injection from dosing phase to maintenance phase were recorded and incidence of adverse effects were analyzed.

RESULT
Of all the patients,adverse reactions occurred in 42 patients (10. 9%),10 local reactions (2. 6%) and 36 systemic side effects (9. 3%) which included 34 mild ,1 moderate and 1 severe side effects (no fatal) were reported respectively. None had anaphylactic shock. Among three treatment options, incidence of routine program was the highest (21.1%),followed by adult cluster program (11. 9%), adverse effects of children cluster program was the least (1. 5%). The adverse effects often happened in the middle and late phase of does addition period and early phase of maintenance period.

CONCLUSION
SIT with standardized dust mite allergen preparation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is a safe and effective treatment by complying with the guidelines and taking specific interventions.


Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are episodes of respiratory symptom worsening that are usually associated with infective triggers and variable amounts of airway and systemic inflammation.1 There has been much interest in COPD exacerbations as they lead to considerable morbidity, hospital admission and readmission and mortality. COPD exacerbations are the most important determinants of health status in COPD2 and are important targets for therapies both from the point of view of treating the event and prevention.

It is now known from a number of studies that COPD exacerbations affect disease progression3 ,4 and have an effect on accelerating forced expiratory volume in 1 s decline independent of cigarette smoking. Some patients with COPD across disease severities are particularly susceptible to exacerbations and are known as frequent exacerbators2 ,5 and these patients are at a greater risk of poor health status, faster disease progression and mortality. The best predictor of a subsequent exacerbation and hospital admission is a history of previous exacerbations.2 ,5 Thus, it is important to understand the natural history of exacerbations and especially how severe exacerbations evolve as these are associated with significant healthcare cost.

Most studies of the epidemiology of COPD exacerbations …


Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is frequently observed in systemic rheumatic diseases and is a challenge in clinical practice. We aimed to review the evidence on the subject and proposed a comprehensive approach to these patients, facilitating diagnosis and management. We searched the MEDLINE database for the terms (and its respective Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms): "peripheral neuropathy" AND "rheumatic diseases" OR "systemic lupus erythematosus", "rheumatoid arthritis", "Sjogren syndrome", and "vasculitis" from 2000 to 2023. This literature review focuses on the diagnostic workup of PNs related to systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic vasculitis. For every type of PN, we provide a pragmatic flowchart for diagnosis and also describe evidence-based strategies of treatment.


It is important to find out the locations and grades of asphalt overlay debonding on runway for airfield pavement maintenance and the flight safety.In this paper,using GPRMax2 Dbased on the method of the finite difference time domain method(FDTD),simulating the ground penetrating radar(GPR)reflection profiles characteristics from debonded locations.According to the comparative analysis with numerical simulation data,GPR survey profile and drilling datum,establishes an interpretation classification model of asphalt overlay debonding,that results of inference and interpretation based on the GPR method with a reasonable accuracy and high reliability,is a rapid,nondestructive,reliable technology can be used for detecting asphalt overlay debonding on runway.


This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of the implementation of the Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016 on Mediation Procedures in Courts (Study of Rantauprapat Religious Court Decision No. 487 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PA-RAP Jo Medan High Court Decision No. 73 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PTA-MDN. This research is Normative Empirical, which is research by looking at conditions in the field by linking the source of laws and regulations in force in the Republic of Indonesia. The benefits that will be received from the results of this study are to find out and analyzing the legal position of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts and To find out and analyze the Implementation of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts in the Rantauprapat Religious Court Decision No.487 / Pdt .G / 2020 / PA-RAP Jo Medan High Court Decision No.73 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PTA-MDN. The results of the research show that the provisions of the Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2008 and / or Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts in article 02 paragraph 04 states that "Judges in consideration of the decision of a case must state that the case concerned has strived for peace through Mediation by stating the name of the Mediator for the case concerned. The position of Mediation as stated in the Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2016 is one of the steps that must be taken in carrying out the Judicial system which is based on the decision of the Medan High Court Panel of Judges declaring that to completely reject the Plaintiff's Lawsuit with the Consideration that the case has been taken through the Mediation route although not maximally and His legal consideration is that the position of the witnesses presented by the Plaintiff is a witness who did not see the Plaintiff and Defendant fighting, but only told the story of the Plaintiff. Keywords: Implementation, Procedure, Mediation


Abstract The quantum efficiencies of CRT and FL tubes that use a phosphor screen as transducer of invisible particles to light in visible spectrum wavelengths were calculated in this study. The phosphor screens in CRT tubes have quantum efficiencies greater than 3,000, which give the luminance of comfortable images on phosphor devices for the observation by the eyes. The established FL tubes have the amazing quantum efficiency of 3×1010 photons per moving electron per FL tube, which allows the illumination of a 5×5 m2 room by three FL tubes, with heating at 40°C. Thus, FL tubes, including for backlighting of LCD displays, have a superior over other illumination sources.


In this paper, an online hand-drawn graphic symbol recognition algorithm based on hidden Markov models is presented. A rearrangement strategy is applied to the hand-drawn symbol points in order to alleviate the influence of the difference in drawing sequence. Based on rearranged drawing points, global distance measure and local angle feature are extracted as the feature vector. After the quantization, a discrete HMM is used as the core recognizer. The experiment shows the recognition rate of our system can be above 85%.


The paper "Chronic mood instability: Bipolar, borderline or both?1 " deserves being discussed, as the debate concerning the differential diagnosis between BPD and BD is often limited to a battle between "psychological" and "biological" factions. The growing body of literature dealing with the concepts of neurodevelopmental emotional dysregulation and cyclothymia seems to show a wide area of overlap among all these conditions, simultaneously tending to bit by bit reduce the clinical relevance of the construct of BPD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


With the growing consciousness that undergraduates are passive during instructional periods, the need for interactive methods increased. Cooperative learning has long been famous for school secondary and high school students but within these years it has become more active in higher education sessions. However, studies on the influence of coopera tive learning in higher education are very minimal. The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of cooperative learning on skill development of 35 first-year learners at the Modern University for Business and Science; and to evaluate the learners attitudes towards cooperative learning system utilized as a part of the Introduction to Educational Psychology classroom. The pretest was given to both experimental (N=35) and control groups (N=28) before using any method to evaluate their prior knowledge. Jigsaw system was utilized with the experimental group over an eight-week period. The researchers used quasi-experimental real life intervention. The instruments utilized were: questionnaire of attitude towards cooperative learning and the cooperative learning behavioral assessment form. Results showed that students who were taught using Jigsaw method showed better progress in success measures than those in the control group. In addition, the questionnaire showed positive opinion toward the use of jigsaw and they believed it promoted positive attitudes and inter-personal skills.


Branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) are a component of dairy products and beef. The bacterial origin of BCFA suggests they may be rich in fermented foods. We previously found BCFA was at 1% of total fatty acids in sauerkraut and in freshwater fishes. However, dairy products are still the major food source of BCFA, with about 2% BCFA in milkfat, supporting a per capita consumption of 500mg/d BCFA in the United States. In Asian countries where dairy consumption is low, BCFA intake is unlikely to parallel U.S. levels insofar as foods sources are concerned. Natto is a popular Japanese food. It is fermented with bacillus subtilis, which is among species inherently rich in BCFA because of de novo biosynthesized BCFA. Our objective was to determine the BCFA of widely available, traditionally produced natto.


We present a 1550 nm plasmonic photomixer operating under pumping duty cycles below 10%, which offers significantly higher terahertz radiation power levels compared to previously demonstrated photomixers. The record-high terahertz radiation powers are enabled by enhancing the device quantum efficiency through use of plasmonic contact electrodes, and by mitigating thermal breakdown at high optical pump power levels through use of a low duty cycle optical pump. The repetition rate of the optical pump can be specifically selected at a given pump duty cycle to control the spectral linewidth of the generated terahertz radiation. At an average optical pump power of 150 mW with a pump modulation frequency of 1 MHz and pump duty cycle of 2%, we demonstrate up to 0.8 mW radiation power at 1 THz, within each continuous wave radiation cycle.


BACKGROUND A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine is used to treat patients who are suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Functionally, a constant positive pressure is provided to the oropharynx and nasopharynx through a noninvasive facial mask to prevent collapse of the upper airway. Some of the complications associated with CPAP therapy are dryness of the upper respiratory tract, epistaxis, skin rash, middle ear pressure elevation, and otalgia. For mild cases of OSA, patients are suggested to undergo lifestyle modifications such as losing weight, quitting smoking, and using nasal decongestants. If lifestyle modifications are ineffective, patients are recommended to consider using a CPAP machine. However, through this process, the positive pressure may travel from the nasopharynx to the eustachian tube and the middle ear. Therefore, patients with OSA using a CPAP machine often present with aural fullness and eustachian tube dysfunction. For this reason, further investigation regarding whether the use of a CPAP machine can effect middle ear pressure should be clinically significant and will be discussed in greater detail. In this literature review, we identified and reviewed four studies (Table I) focusing on the effects of CPAP therapy on middle ear pressure.


Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to improve our ability to understand and predict meteorological conditions in the coastal marine atmospheric boundary layer. The objective of this project is to investigate the dynamics of coastal marine atmospheric boundary layer winds including the generation and propagation of coastal-trapped disturbances and their interaction with coastal orography and with orographically-modified ambient winds. The approach taken in this project is to obtain analytical and numerical solutions of idealized mathematical models of the marine atmospheric boundary layer and to compare these solutions to observations and to results from more complex models. Numerical and analytical models of the generation, propagation, and decay of linear and nonlinear coastal-trapped disturbances have been studied. Mesoscale simulations of the interaction of continuously stratified, hydraulically supercritical and transcritical flow with coastal orography have been carried out and analyzed, yielding new insight into the dynamics of coastal winds. Hydraulically transcritical model flows have been computed for comparison with observational data from the 1996 Coastal Waves Experiment along the California coast.


The expression of cyber-attacks on communication links in smart grids has emerged recently. In microgrids, cooperation between agents through communication links is required, thus, microgrids can be considered as cyber-physical-systems and they are vulnerable to cyber-attack threats. Cyber-attacks can cause damages in control systems, therefore, the resilient control methods are necessary. In this paper, a resilient control approach against false data injection attack is proposed for secondary control of DC microgrids. In the proposed framework, a PI controller with an adjustable gain is utilized to eliminate the injected false data. The proposed control method is employed for both sensor and link attacks. Convergence analysis of the measurement sensors and the secondary control objectives under the studied control method is performed. Finally, a DC microgrid with four units is built in Matlab/Simulink environment to verify the proposed approach.


A 38-year-old woman presented with a week's history of binocular horizontal double vision and acute vertigo with gaze-induced nystagmus. We considered a diagnosis of one of the six syndromes of the sixth cranial nerve and evaluated several causes. She had history of severe anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, and hypertension. Magnetic resonance imaging with angiography showed stenosis of the right vertebral artery and hyperintensity on both basal ganglia. As we describe here, we should consider vertebrobasilar insufficiency as a cause for sixth cranial nerve palsy if a patient has high risk for microvascular ischemia, even in the absence of acute brain hemorrhage or infarction.


The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) is building a new Terminal 3 at the Singapore Changi Airport. This program includes two sets of Automated People Movers (APM). Together they will be called the People Mover System (PMS), and will include singlelane, dual-lane, and bypass shuttles. They will connect the existing Terminals 1 and 2 with the new Terminal 3 and Mass Rapid Transit (MRT – rapid rail) system that is currently being extended to the airport by the Land Transport Authority (LTA). Some of these routes will serve "airside" riders: air passengers transferring at Changi or those departing the country who have checked through customs and immigration. Other routes will serve "landside" passengers: air passengers officially in Singapore, employees and others traveling among the terminals and MRT station. One route will serve both airside and landside riders, with car and station platform door controls keeping them separate. The PMS is being procured using a limited design-buildoperate-maintain approach. The selected supplier will provide all vehicles, automatic train control, communications, power distribution and other equipment, including installation and testing, then will operate and maintain the System up to 20 years. Two local contractors, the Terminal 3 (T3) Contractor and the Guideway Contractor, will build the PMS facilities. The PMS supplier will be selected early in the overall Terminal 3 planning process so that the facility designs can be based on the specific system selected. The existing system, built in 1990, which serves two routes, one airside and one landside, with three vehicles, will be replaced by the new PMS.


Purpose
As a major theoretical breakthrough of the Marxist political economy based on the practice of China's reform and opening up, the theory of socialist market economy constitutes an important part of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
Its essence is that socialism (as a social system) and market economy (as a resource allocation mechanism) can be organically integrated to exert the advantages of both at the same time and generate new institutional and systematic advantages.

Findings
It has condensed many important theoretical viewpoints, involving major theoretical and practical issues, such as the relationship between the government and the market, the basic economic system, the income distribution system, the operation of the market economy and the opening up to the outside world, which have become the basic principles of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

Originality/value
The new practice of comprehensively deepening reform and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way is bound to provide an impetus to the deepening and systematization of the theory of socialist market economy.


The present paper provides a description of the relation between motivation and the stages of behaviour change in subjects with alcohol dependence. The different stages of change and their association with the motivational techniques used to promote change are described.


The article the author notes that China approached the twentieth Congress of the CPC with contradictory results. On the one hand, there are many important, profound, historical achievements that have transformed the People's Republic of China in various fields, strengthening its position as the second economy of the world. And on the other hand, there are a number of problems left over from the previous period of reform and development, as well as new challenges to the world economy, politics, and the coronavirus pandemic. The article analyzes China's achievements in socio-economic life, reveals the problems and tools to solve them. In the article, the author puts forward the thesis about the division of China's economic reform into two major, fundamental periods – the period of adaptation, localization of foreign innovations and technologies and the period of transition to development based on their own, national innovations. The author reveals the main features of the second period in the development of the Chinese economic reform, including the course towards a new development architecture, emphasizes both the presence of achievements and problems. It is announced that after the twentieth Congress of the CPC, a new campaign will begin in the country on the way to the realization of the Chinese dream with great hopes and determination.


Spectroscopic and ionization potential data are used in obtaining electron configurations in terms of molecular orbitals for NH3, PH3, H2O, H2S and their derivatives, e.g., CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH, N2H4, H2O2, CH3OH, NH2Cl, ClOH, Cl2O. These electron configurations hold for molecules in their normal states, but can be used in predicting the energy of ``vertically'' excited states, i.e., energies corresponding to nuclear dimensions the same as for the normal state. Frequent close similarities between the spectra of parent molecules and their derivatives are explained (also the similarities between alkyl halides such as CH3I, C2H5I, etc.). Estimates of vertical ionization potentials for the various orbitals used are given. Various points (types of orbitals used, Rydberg series, predissociation) are touched on. The longest wavelength ultraviolet spectra and minimum ionization potential are attributed in the NH3 derivatives to excitation of a nearly nonbonding electron of the N atom, in the H2O and H2S derivatives t...


As a result of capillary forces, animal hairs, carbon nanotubes or nanowires of a periodically or randomly distributed array often assemble into hierarchical structures. In this paper, the energy method is adopted to analyse the capillary adhesion of microsized hairs, which are modelled as clamped microcantilevers wetted by liquids. The critical conditions for capillary adhesion of two hairs, three hairs or two bundles of hairs are derived in terms of Young's contact angle, elastic modulus and geometric sizes of the beams. Then, the hierarchical capillary adhesion of hairs is addressed. It is found that for multiple hairs or microcantilevers, the system tends to take a hierarchical structure as a result of the minimization of the total potential energy of the system. The level number of structural hierarchy increases with the increase in the number of hairs if they are sufficiently long. Additionally, we performed experiments to verify our theoretical solutions for the adhesion of microbeams.


ABSTRACT The effect of digital marketing communication on product categories like books, music, fashion accessories, clothing, banking and online gaming etc. has been well researched by the researchers; but automobile industry despite being one of the largest digital spenders has faced dearth of academic studies especially in India. The present study aims to understand the effect of digital marketing communication on consumer buying decision process in Indian passenger car market. Mixed methodology was adopted for the study. Primary data was collected from 784 respondents from 'Delhi' using area wise proportionate sampling. One sample Wilocoxon Signed Rank, one sample binomial test and chi-sqaure tests were applied as tests of significance. The study concluded that 75% of the respondents used at least one digital channel of communication while buying a car. 'Website' was the most used digital channel of communication while buying a car followed by 'social networking sites' and 'smartphones'. Each and every stage of car buying decision making process right from 'need recognition' to 'post purchase' was 'significantly' affected from digital marketing communication with 'evaluation' being the most affected stage. The results of the study confirmed that digital marketing communication is capable of even triggering need recognition in high involvement product category like car. The results also established that consumers feel positive towards digital communication, get affected from other customers' reviews and express their post-purchase feeling feelings over digital platforms. However, the study also confirmed that although customers appreciate the usage of digital channels throughout the decision making journey, still they don't book a car online.


Synthetic antioxidants are added to food in the powdered form to preserve it. However these compounds posed serious health concern since they have been associated with causing cancer. Thus using fresh herbs with antioxidant activities would be good alternative. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of both powdered and fresh forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower. Total phenolic content (TPC) was assayed based on the redox reaction between Folin-Ciocalteu with phenolics in the sample extracts. Antioxidant activity (AA) was assayed using the s-carotene linoleate model system and the percentage of antioxidant activity was calculated from the values of degradation rate. Scavenging activity (SA) was assayed using the DPPH radical scavenging model system whereby EC50 value was determined from the plotted graph of scavenging activity against the concentration of sample extracts. Analyses revealed that powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower had higher TPC (2013.09 ± 5.13, 1784.25 ± 7.59 and 1937.42 ± 6.61 mg GAE/100g, respectively) than their respective fresh forms (348.75 ± 1.26, 356.42 ± 1.32 and 211.59 ± 6.29 mg GAE/100g, respectively). Similarly, powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower possessed better AA (64.31 ± 0.99, 65.09 ± 0.74 and 11.80 ± 0.40 %, respectively) than their respective fresh forms (24.93 ± 0.71, 16.91 ± 0.70 and 1.45 ± 0.10 %, respectively). Powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower were also better radical scavenger as compared to their respective fresh forms. In conclusion, all samples in their powdered forms have high total phenolic contents, antioxidant and scavenging activities than their respective fresh forms.


The utility of vertebroplasty in the treatment of spinal pain has been accepted worldwide. In this co-operative study we show the success and failure rates related to the pathological condition treated (porotic, metastatic or angioma), the incidence of new vertebral fractures adjiacent to the previously treated one, and the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic side effects. In all, 898 patients were treated from April 2001 through January 2004 for a total of 1796 vertebral bodies. Of these, 654 patients (73%) were treated for porotic abnormalities, 213 patients (24%) had neoplastic disease and 27 patients (3%) presented with compressive or painful angioma. Different types of cement were used. All patients were treated after MR and CT examination or, as an alternative to MR, bone nuclear medicine scan, always associated with clinical evaluation. The patients were treated under CT and C-arm fluoroscopy control (2 centres) or under fluoroscopy in an angiography suite (five centres). We never perfomed general anaesthesia, only local sedation or administration of neuroleptic drugs. Blood tests were always performed before the treatment to exclude coagulopathy. Only the presence of local or systemic infection was considered to be a real contraindication. We had a 93% success rate in patients with porotic abnormalities, one of 73% in patients with neoplastic disease and of 100% in patients with angioma. Asymptomatic venous leak was seen in 135 patients (15%) and CT demonstrated asymptomatic pulmonary embolus in eight patients (0.9%). No symptomatic venous and pulmonary emboli were identified. New fractures adjacent to a previously treated vertebral body developed in 14 patients (1.3%) while six patients showed radiculopathy (0.6%) due to posterior leakage in the lateral lumbar recess that was treated and resolved with medical therapy in 3 weeks. In six patients we also had psoas haematoma treated with medical therapy; no instance of cord compression was found. Mild disc leakage developed in 90 patients (10%) but we did not find any relation with new adjacent vertebral fracture. Vertebroplasty represents a safe technique in the treatment of spinal pain related to porotic, neoplastic changes or angioma. The technique must be performed with high performance technology. The incidence of symptomatic effects and new fractures related to previously treated vertebrae or disc leakage is very low.


The article studies the alterations in the legal and social status of Polish citizens in the USSR prior to and following the beginning of the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945). The author establishes reasons for Polish armies creation in the USSR between 1941 and 1943 and studies the process of Polish military units formation among which the army of Anders (1941–1942) and the army of Berling (1943–1945). He also analyzes archival data and memoirs on the attitude of Polish citizens towards armies formed in the USSR.


We investigate how the nonlinearity of the Zeeman shift for strong magnetic fields affects the dynamics of rf field induced evaporative cooling in magnetic traps. We demonstrate for the 87-Rb and 23-Na F=2 trapping states with wave packet simulations how the cooling stops when the rf field frequency goes below a certain limit (for the 85-Rb F=2 trapping state the problem does not appear). We examine the applicability of semiclassical models for the strong field case as an extension of our previous work [Phys. Rev. A 58, 3983 (1998)]. Our results verify many of the aspects observed in a recent $^{87}$Rb experiment [Phys. Rev. A 60, R1759 (1999)].


At least about 7: 1 late eluting trip another mid: an EHT extract comprising a mixture of the initial dissolution trip other mid-weight ratio late eluting trip other mid and initial dissolution trip another mid-back to the, here, EHT extract trip of EHT extract other of at least 30% based on the total weight of the mid-yl-5-hydroxy-eicosyl Sano comprises a trip other imide, EHT extract.


The main objective of this study is to investigate ways to increase customer satisfaction on the services of general department of taxation in Kohkiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province. This research is application from objective aspect and descriptive correlational from the method of research aspect. Since the results of this research will be applied in General Department of Taxation in Kohkiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province, it is application. The study population of this research is consisted of all clients or in other words all customers. Due to the infinite size of the target population in order to determine the sample size, the formula of determining the sample size, the infinite population was used that the total sample size of 384 was estimated. The tool which was used to measure the variables of interest in this study is a researcher made questionnaire. Then the data was analyzed by SPSS software. By using the Pearson correlation coefficient test data have been analyzed. The results of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between organizational factors, environmental factors, personal factors, and the nature of work, quality of service and customer satisfaction.


The rates of both community- and hospital-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection appear to have decreased over the past five years, according to a recent study.


We present an introduction to the basic concepts of electroweak symmetry breaking and Higgs physics within the Standard Model and its supersymmetric extensions. A brief overview will also be given on alternative mechanisms of electroweak symmetry breaking. In addition to the theoretical basis, the present experimental status of Higgs physics and prospects at the Tevatron, the LHC and e + e − linear colliders are discussed.


This study utilizes the flipped classroom approach in conjunction with Bloom's taxonomy. Through a series of literature reviews, the author evaluates the merits and downsides of the flipped classroom. This article proposes a method that combines Bloom's taxonomy of instructional goals and flipped classrooms to address instruction problems. This article starts with flipped classroom's history and application. It continues Bloom's taxonomy research and investigates the combination of the flipped classroom and Bloom's taxonomy. The findings show that the flipped classroom has several drawbacks. To begin, its inconsistency arises from the variety of course categories; Secondly, instructors cannot get immediate feedback when producing the pre-class study material. Thus, measures to these shortcomings should begin with curriculum design and effective instructor-student interaction. According to the results, educators must improve their ability to engage students and alter their design of classroom activities. Teachers must do various additional tasks, including guiding, encouraging, and diverting traditional teaching methods toward more constructive learning programs.


A gas barrier film includes two or more laminates formed on a substrate. each laminate has a organic layer and a inorganic layer stacked in this order. The organic layer directly formed on the substrate includes a (meth)acrylic compound having a glass transition temperature of at least 200° C. and a C—C bond density in the monomer of at least 0.19, and has a thickness of at least 300 nm but less than 1000 nm, and the other organic layer includes a (meth)acrylic compound having a glass transition temperature of at least 105° C. and a C—C bond density in the monomer of at least 0.19, and has a thickness of at least 50 nm but less than 300 nm. The inorganic layers are formed by plasma-enhanced film deposition. A producing method produces the gas barrier film using the plasma-enhanced film deposition.


We prove an inequality between Hilbert functions of local cohomology modules supported in the homogeneous maximal ideal of standard graded algebras over a field, within the framework of embeddings of posets of Hilbert functions. As a main application, we prove an analogue for local cohomology of Evans' Lex-Plus-Power Conjecture for Betti numbers. This results implies some cases of the classical Lex-Plus-Power Conjecture, namely an inequality between extremal Betti numbers. In particular, for the classes of ideals for which the Eisenbud-Green-Harris Conjecture is currently known, the projective dimension and the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a graded ideal do not decrease by passing to the corresponding Lex-Plus-Power ideal.


International business (IB) and management information system (MIS) literature have focused respectively on the adoption process in multinational corporations (MNCs) and on the adoption of technology in organisations. This paper investigates the process of technology adoption in MNCs and draws on the actor–network theory (ANT) in order to understand the process of technology adoption in MNCs. A case study of a French-owned subsidiary in Brazil is utilised for the conclusions. First, through data analysis, it is discovered that people established connections that differ in being either beneficial or detrimental to technology adoption. Next, it is proposed that the decision to adopt is constantly being renegotiated, whereas previous research assumes a single adoption choice for individuals and organisations. Finally, this paper shows how boundary objects may help MNCs to cope with the conflicting pressures of global integration and national responsiveness.


Banknotes and demand deposits have exhibited high growth since the late 1990s, and remain at historically high levels. We examine the background to these developments by using available data such as the volume of banknotes in circulation by denomination and the volume of demand deposits by depositor age. We find the main reason for the growth in banknotes and demand deposits is an increase in "non-transaction demand" for savings and other purposes by the household sector, especially by the elderly. Moreover, as for the outlook, as long as changes in interest rates remain limited, the amounts of banknotes in circulation and demand deposits are likely to remain high because the holding behavior of the elderly will probably remain unchanged. We should note, however, that any changes in the sensitivity of the elderly to interest rates may alter their choice of financial assets.


We document and explain the existence of two distinct scaling regimes for the burning speed enhancement of an idealized premixed flame as a result of its distortion by an unsteady periodic shear. The simplified model used in the present study allows for a rigorous, quantitative explanation of the bending in the scaling exponent, either linear or sublinear in the shear intensity, in terms of a non-dimensional flame residence time which compares the intrinsic time-scale of the unsteady flow with the time it takes the corresponding steady shear to fully distort a flame. It is the non-trivial dependence of this latter flame wrinkling time with respect to the shear intensity that leads to the scaling behaviour. A combination of asymptotic analysis and high-resolution numerical simulations is used to validate the enhancement parametrization of both standing- and travelling-wave solutions for the perturbed front.


Abstract The attitudes of Australian biologists, anthropologists, and historians toward race mixing in the early-twentieth century should be viewed in relation to the investigations of Indigenous depopulation and miscegenation taking place in the Pacific. Those Australian scientists committed to national or continental racial ideals–Cecil Cook and Norman B. Tindale among them–remained resistant to the lessons of the Pacific, favouring 'half-caste' absorption. Other scholars such as Stephen Roberts and A. P. Elkin took the oceanic approach, coming to value and harness racial hybridity. This essay shows how much of Australian racial thought drifted in from the Pacific.


Shijiazhuang broadcasting according to its own IP metropolitan area network 's topology and business model,in the whole network deployment QoS the ability to test and assess the overall effect,QoS test,and the test results,the hope can give industry brings valuable reference information.


AbstractLack of sufficient earthquake records for a given site and hazard level is a frequent challenge in seismic response assessment. This paper considers the response of several simple nonlinear...


Hydroquinone and hydroquinone monobenzyl ether, two effective agents for lightening skin pigment, are forbidden in cosmetics official reglations in Taiwain. In order to ascertain whether the hydroquinone and hydroquinone monobenzyl ether had adulterated in skin lightening creams, fifty samples were purchased from domestic market during 1997 in Taiwan areas. The results showed that all samples met the cosmetics official reglations.


A combustion engine is provided with an exhaust gas after treatment device, which comprises a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device (20), a second SCR device (40) downstream of the first SCR device and a diesel particulate filter (DPF) (30) located between the first SCR device and the second SCR device. The operating temperature range of the first SCR device is different to the operating temperature range of the second SCR device. A method of dosing the exhaust gas after treatment device comprises the steps of: allowing dosing of the first SCR device with reductant only when a temperature of the first SCR device is within the operating temperature range of the first SCR device; and allowing dosing of the second SCR device with reductant only when a temperature of the second SCR device is within the operating temperature range of the second SCR device; and reducing the level of dosing of the first SCR device when regeneration of the DPF is required. Furthermore, a controller configured to perform this method is provided.


In 189 and 1895 a series of piano concerts performed in the Romero Salon by Jose Trago y Arena exhibited publicly the piano literature's masterpieces. This art1cle contains a succinct listl of the works played. a biography of the pianist, and comments concerning Madrid musical taste at the close of the nineteenth century.


A scheme for fine tuning of quantum operations to improve their performance is proposed. A quantum system in $\Lambda$ configuration with two-photon Raman transitions is considered without adiabatic elimination of the excited (intermediate) state. Conditional dynamics of the system is studied with focus on improving fidelity of quantum operations. In particular, the $\pi$ pulse and $\pi/2$ pulse quantum operations are considered. The dressed states for the atom-field system, with an atom driven on one transition by a classical field and on the other by a quantum cavity field, are found. A discrete set of detunings is given for which high fidelity of desired states is achieved. Analytical solutions for the quantum state amplitudes are found in the first order perturbation theory with respect to the cavity damping rate $\kappa$ and the spontaneous emission rate $\gamma$. Numerical solutions for higher values of $\kappa$ and $\gamma$ indicate a stabilizing role of spontaneous emission in the $\pi$ and $\pi/2$ pulse quantum operations. The idea can also be applied for excitation pulses of different shapes.


A mechanical clamping cutter comprises a cutter body and blades. The blades are installed inside the cutter body, a cutter edge is exposed out of the cutter body, the cutter body is installed on a supporting frame, two symmetrical blade grinding sand pieces are further installed on the supporting frame, and the blade grinding sand pieces are fixed to the supporting frame through a telescopic rod. More than one blade is installed inside the cutter body, and the blades are evenly installed on the periphery of the cutter body. The length of the blade grinding sand pieces is at least larger than the length of the blades. The faces, with grinding sand, of the blade grinding sand pieces are arranged oppositely and attached together. Fixing plates are arranged on the top face of the telescopic rod and the two sides of the blade grinding sand pieces, and more than two springs are evenly arranged between the fixing plates and the blade grinding sand pieces. According to the mechanical clamping cutter, after the cutter is blunt due to use, the blade grinding sand pieces can be used for sharpening the cutter edge directly without disassembling the blades, and therefore time and manpower waste for disassembling the blades is avoided.


This work aims at investigating the industrial drying process of pasta. The analysis carried out consists of two parts. First, a scientific method, called finite difference model (FDM), was applied to the drying process of pasta, with the purpose of developing a simulation model able to reproduce the process. The model was implemented under Microsoft ExcelTM, through an ad hoc spreadsheet that automatically calculates the trend of temperature and moisture as a function of time for a simple cylindrical product of infinite length (i.e., spaghetti). The results obtained from the Microsoft ExcelTM simulator were then validated by means of: 1) the comparison with a real industrial case; 2) the comparison with the results provided by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, called 'TdynMultiphysics' (for the thermal results). In the second part, we analysed the industrial equipment used for the drying process, i.e., the static dryer. A CFD model was developed with the commercial software Tdyn Multiphysics, with the purpose of assessing the performance of four different layouts of a static dryer for pasta. The ultimate aim is to investigate the performance of the drying process as a function of the dryer configuration in order to optimise it.


Increased demand for environmental and sustainability information on products in a life cycle perspective has led to the development of a large number of voluntary initiatives aimed at communicating the environmental performance of sea transport, such as indices and certificates. There is however a lack of scientific studies that applies the research area of environmental indices and indicators to shipping.
In the present paper, an inventory found over 30 different environmental initiatives for shipping related to a diversity of stakeholders. An evaluation of three indices was then conducted based on criteria and characteristics in reviewed literature. They each assess environmental performance based on data for individual vessels, which then is aggregated into a final index. These indices could be used for a shipowner to communicate environmental performance of their ships, and for a transport buyer to select ships and shipowners according to their performance results.
The indices were found to differ in context, construction, application, transparency as well as users. The paper emphasizes the importance of identifying the needs for the specific user in terms of communication and scope before selecting a particular index. It is concluded that there is a need for a unified system or standardized methods for evaluating environmental performance of ships. This could help to avoid administrative burden of both shipowners and transport buyers. There is also a need for deeper analysis of environmental indices in various shipping markets. With reference to methodological problems of comparing indices, a developed evaluation scheme can be used for further studies on environmental ship indices.


The existing literature on lean construction is overwhelmingly prescriptive with little recognition of the social and politicised nature of the diffusion process. The prevailing production-engineering perspective too often assumes that organizations are unitary entities where all parties strive for the common goal of 'improved performance'. An alternative perspective is developed that considers the diffusion of lean construction across contested pluralistic arenas. Different actors mobilize different storylines to suit their own localized political agendas. Multiple storylines of lean construction continuously compete for attention with other management fashions. The conceptualization and enactment of lean construction therefore differs across contexts, often taking on different manifestations from those envisaged. However, such localized enactments of lean construction are patterned and conditioned by pre-existing social and economic structures over which individual managers have limited influence. Taking a broader view, 'leanness' can be conceptualized in terms of a quest for structural flexibility involving restructuring, downsizing and outsourcing. From this perspective, the UK construction industry can be seen to have embarked upon leaner ways of working in the mid-1970s, long before the terminology of lean thinking came into vogue. Semi-structured interviews with construction sector policy-makers provide empirical support for the view that lean construction is a multifaceted concept that defies universal definition.


Mid-infrared spectroscopy has been extensively used as an analytical tool in the study of silicate minerals and rocks, both in the laboratory (e.9., Coblenz, 1906; Lyon, 1964; Rutstein and White, 1971), and in remote sensing applications (e.g. Salisbury et al, 1969; Logan and Hunt, 1970). In the laboratory, two qualities of most silicate minerals and rocks introduce particular problems. First, even extremely thin samples are essentially opaque in the l0 pm range and, second, samples are not compositionally homogeneous over an area as big as the minimum cross-sectional size of the infrared beam in commercially available spectrometers. It is possible to acquire a transmission spectrum of a mineral or rock by crushing it to a fine powder, and then suspending the powder as a mull (in nujol), or in an alkali halide matrix. However, these techniques introduce complicating scattering effects and destroy the textural and orientational information contained in the original sample. Reflection measurements, on the other hand, allow study of opaque samples without destroying their texture, but the heterogeneity problem can only be solved by using smaller sample sizes. Recent$, micro-reflectance attachments have become available for use with the commercial spectrometers. For example, the attachment for the Perkin Elmer Model 621 first optically condenses the beam and then masks the sampled area down to 1.5 X 4.0 mm with 15 percent energy throughout. Estep, Kovach, and Karr (1973) used such an attachment, but masked the area down still further to the usable limit, which provided a I mm diameter spot size. This proved to be satisfactory for studies of single crystals isolated from lunar soils. However, a detailed spectro' scopic analysis of minerals embedded in a fine grained rock requires still smaller sample areas. It would not appear reasonable, though, to record mid-infrared spectra from grains smaller than 50 micrometers in diameter if thin sections 30 micrometers thick are used as samples, because of the increasing likelihood of measuring overlapping grains of different composition as the spot size approaches the sample thickness. The design of a suitable spectrometer has to evolve around methods to select and identify microscopic samples as well as to efficiently collect and process mid-infrared energy from their small areas. SpectroscoPic Considerations


This document gathers the experience of three Spanish native speaking professors throughout their teaching careers with regards to the writing of paragraphs. It is structured in three different sections. The first section titled "What is a paragraph?" addresses theoretical aspects which are provided as references to support the search for an efficient original concept for building students' writing skills. To this end, a small review was conducted of the current state of the art of the study of paragraph writing. Five different authors with extensive experience with textual didactics were selected and peers Icesi University were interviewed. The second section titled "What is the purpose of a paragraph?" provides a reflection of the usefulness and significance of paragraphs in writing any kind of text. The third and last section titled "How can we teach how to write a paragraph?" proposes a methodology for working on paragraph writing skills in the classroom.


Linkoping, situated in southeast Sweden, is the fifth largest town in the country. Whereas initially only patients living in the central areas of Linkoping were accepted by the team, by the early 1990s patients could be referred from within a radius of 30 kilometres of the DoG. Hence, the service is now provided to surrounding rural and urban communities, comprising a total population of 120,000. SURVEY METHOD AND RESULTS


The inventive method comprises the following steps: (a) separation to obtain (i) a juice, called brown juice, which is rich in cytoplasmic proteins and (ii) a fraction which is rich in, in particular, proteins, pigments, vitamins, insolubles and trace elements; (b) drying of the fraction resulting from step (a) in order to obtain a product that is rich in proteins, vitamins and trace elements.


Background and Aims: The severity of organ shortage places transplant surgeons in the difficult position of deciding whether to use or discard marginal donor kidneys. This case details the successful use of a pelvic kidney with a short ureter and multiple vessels from a controlled non heart beating donor and reviews relevant literature. Case Report: A 69 year old lady received the right kidney from a 48 year old female controlled non heart beating donor. The donor kidney had three arteries (one of which was damaged) on one aortic patch, and an extremely short (7cm), thin-walled and narrow lumen (2-3 mm) ureter, all of which combined to make the transplantation technically challenging and the postoperative course complicated. In the post transplantation period, there were difficulties in establishing adequate transplant drainage due to frequent nephrostomy tube and ureteric stent dislodgement, and sepsis. The patient was discharged home on day 62 with a glomerular filtration rate of 31 ml/min and a creatinine of 148 µmol/L, and these were 51 ml/min and 97 µmol/L nine months postoperatively. Conclusions: This case demonstrates that it is possible to extend the boundaries for accepting marginal kidneys for transplantation, after discussing the risks of the procedure with the patient. Ureteric stenting, intense postoperative monitoring of the transplant and early intervention in the event of ureteric complications must be applied to ensure success.Implantation of marginal donor kidneys with damaged or short ureters should be considered if a good renal function is likely.


A pre A*-algebra is the algebraic form of the 3-valued logic. In this paper, we define a binary operation ⊕ on pre A*-algebra and show that , A is a semilattice. We also prove some results on the partial ordering ⊕ ≤ which is induced from the semilattice , A . We derive necessary and sufficient


Many academics and policy makers alike expect the world of work to change fundamentally as, among other things, mobile devices enable everybody to work everywhere, robots are able to translate and give medical advice, and big data collection enables employee tracking and transforms leadership. While some authors view the transformation of work as continuation and intensification of past trends in capitalist accumulation(Aroles et al., 2020), others highlight its disruptive potential. The frequently cited study by Frey and Osborne (2017) predicts that 47% of jobs in the US are at risk of automation. However not only might particular segments of the labour market become redundant and the quality of existing jobs changes, but also new forms of employment emerge. According to Valenduc and Vendramin (2016, p. 5) "The very concept of a `job' may become outdated and replaced by an ever-shifting portfolio of commissions and projects assigned through online platforms, with the `Uberisation' of work lying just around the corner."


In order to halt the escalation of aircraft noise in the vicinity of airports, the Federal Aviation Administration developed, and in late 1969 issued, the Noise Certification Standards of FAR Part 36. The Lockheed L‐1011 TriStar, a wide‐bodied trijet transport, had been planned not only to meet the anticipated FAA requirements, but to provide the quietest community environment that was technologically practicable and economically reasonable. Powered by Rolls‐Royce high bypass ratio engines, with quiet operation a major design goal, and utilizing specially designed acoustical lining for its nacelles, the L‐1011 has demonstrated flyover noise levels substantially lower than the FAA specified limits, and also measurably lower than those of competitive airplanes. As a result, community annoyance levels have been achieved that are 65% to 75% below those of the presently operating older jet transports.


Zinckenite from the Mitsuishi deposit of the Kasuga mine, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan occurs as acicular crystal or its radial aggregate in durse of a gold-bearing silicified rock, in association with barite, pyrite, stibioluzonite and sometimes tennantite and enargite. Average value of five microprobe analyses is : Pb 3.7, Sb 44.8, As 0.4, S 22.9, Total 99.8 wt%, corresponding to Pb9.00 (Sb21.65 As0.31)21.96 S42.02, in conformity with the formula Pb9Sb22S42, which was obtain from the results of synthetic experiment by Sugaki et al. (1973) or as maximum occupancy of tunnel sites by Sb and Pb metals by Smith (1986). X-ray powder pattern obtained by Guinier camera is indexed on a hexagonal cell with a=22.126 and c=4.318Â.


You must have the following ingredients. (It matters little if one or the other be wanting, nor is the order of essence. Introduce them as you please, and as often). Let the pot boil on its own. An elephant, a polo club, a snake, a length of rope, a rajah or a pearl of price (some use both), a silver spoon, a dropped glove, a railway junction, some pavilions in the distance, a chota peg, a tent peg, a learned brahmin, a cruel king, a chapati (or chaprasi), a measure of justice, gunpowder (q.v.), equal portions of Jaw and order, a greased cartridge, a tamarind seed or else a cavalry regiment, a moist eye, some high intentions, two pax of Britannica, Glucose biscuits, an ounce of valour, something in the middle, a Victoria cross, a soupcon of suspense (q.v), a bearer, a dhobi (or dhoti), a chee-chee, a dekchi (or deck chair), a pinch of dust, a trickle of perspiration, a backdrop with temples or mosques (some use both), a church pew, little fair play, a boar, some tall grass, a tiger, a raincloud, a second snake or mongoose, a flutter of heart, a sharp sword, a bared ankle, walnut juice or burnt cork (some use both), a boy of British blood unsullied, a locket. The sharp adept will notice that all the above ingredients are present in my book. (560-61)


In this study we provide evidence of genetic variability decrease of plants grown on oily soils. Genetic variability levels of Poa pratensis L from oily soils were investigated by means of PCR amplification with IRAP primers. Plant genetic diversity reducing is not confirmed. Oily was carried in soils 9 and 12 years ago.


Starting with the information requirement of enterprises' technological innovation, this paper analyzes public service of science and technology information which includes three aspects—research on the development strategies of the industries, information provision of enterprises' technological innovation and support of the management ability of enterprises' technological innovation. Then it constructs the model of public service of science and technology information, using the actual effect of public service of science and technology information in Hunan Province proves its feasibility. Finally, it prospects the future development of public service of science and technology information.


The species and community diversity of aquatic plants in Lake Liangzi of Hubei Province,China were studied by use of Transect Method,Geographical Information System(GIS) Technique and Global Position System(GPS) Technique.The main results are summarized as follows: It was found that in 2002,there were 96 aquatic plant species belonging to 34 families and 64 genera in Lake Liangzi,among which Potamogeton crispus,Potamogeton maackianus,Vallisneria denseserrulata, Trapa bispinosa,T.incisa,Ceratophyllum demersum,Myriophyllum spicatum,Hydrilla verticillat and Zizania latifolia were dominant species;With(37.88%) of coverage,the vegetation could be divided into 19 associations;and it was found that the distribution area of Potamogeton crispus Ass was larger than that of any other association;and Zizania latifolia Ass displayed the highest species diversity index;The total and mean biomass of the vegetation were 3.037 5×10~8 kg and 998.20 g/m~2,respectively(fresh weight);It was found that in the last ten years,Potamogeton malaianus Ass and 2 aquatic plant species disappeared from the lake;and at the same time,the coverage and total biomass of the vegetation decreased by 62.12% and 71.81%,respectively.


Purpose: Large dark and bright crescents are commonly seen in cone‐beam (CB) CTimages acquired onboard radiation therapy machines. The purpose of this project is to develop a technique for removing this artifact. Method and Materials: We propose that crescent artifacts are caused by small angle‐dependent shifts of the bowtie filter and that they can be avoided by using angle‐dependent blank projections when reconstructingCBCTimages. Blank projections are those acquired without an attenuating object in the field of view. Bowtie motion as a function of angle was quantified by tracking the center of mass of pixel intensity in blank projections. Computer simulations were used to demonstrate that crescent artifacts arise under that quantified level of bowtie motion. Clinical onboard scanner studies with a Catphan® 504 phantom were used to demonstrate that crescent artifacts are removed by incorporating angle‐dependent, rather than fixed, blank projections into image reconstruction.Results: The center of mass study indicated that crescent artifacts result from shifts in the bowtie filter of much less than 1 mm. The computer‐simulation studies demonstrated crescent artifacts when the same blank image was used for all projection angles. These crescent artifacts matched the positions, widths, and amplitudes of those seen clinically. In the computer‐simulation studies and with data acquired on clinical CBCT systems, the artifacts were removed when angle‐dependent blank images were utilized. Conclusion: Crescent artifacts are shown to arise from unaccounted motion of the bowtie filter during the acquisition of CBCT projections. Correction of this artifact, through use of angle‐dependent blank images, is proposed and demonstrated. This technique could be effectively implemented into clinical practice. Conflict of Interest: This research is partly supported by Varian Medical Systems.


Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) dysfunction of neurobiological origin manifested by immaturity in the systems that regulate the level of movement, impulsivity and attention in children and adolescents who suffer it. The study is framed under the non-experimental design of Field, descriptive level, using live sources taking the information in a single moment of time, the present, contemporary transectional design allowing the application of the Conners test in healthy schoolchildren in the Private Educational Unit "San Jose Maristas". July – August 2022. Maracay – Aragua. To detect traits suggestive of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in this group of schoolchildren applied by parents and teachers. Obtaining as a result that the most prevalent sex is male in more than 70% of schoolchildren. There is no difference between the score established by both parents and teachers to establish the orientation of suspected cases of children with ADHD, observing differences in the clinical manifestations observed by parents, greater emphasis on inattention, hyperactivity and impulsiveness, in relation to teachers where they register behaviors related to greater frustration, impulsive, fighting, do not respect the rules and defy limits.


An improved predictor of colourfulness in the Hunt 91 model of colour vision is described. A new chroma predictor allows for the effect of the luminance Jactor of the background more effectively, and results in more consistent predictions for different viewing conditions. The new colourfulness predictor is obtained by multiplying the new chroma predictor by a factor that varies more slowly with the level of adapting luminance than was the case for the old colourfulness predictor; this results in much better predictions, whose coefficients of variation are similar to those that characterize observer consistency. The steps required for reversing the model are given in an appendix.


Locking a phase-locked loop (PLL) with a sinusoid that is 100-percent AM modulated by a lOW-duty cycle square wave (i.e., comes in bursts) is an old and well-known technique. Despite this, certain aspects of the technique have not been systematically con sidered. One of the most important aspects is how to avoid sidelock an undesired mode where the loop locks to a frequency other than the sinusoid's frequency. In this paper, we explain how sidelock arises, how it can be avoided and how to provide a good lock while still avoiding sidelock. Throughout the paper our emphasis is on the situa tion, that is usually not considered, where the sinusoid's frequency can be considerably different than the center frequncy of the voltage con trolled oscillator (VCO).


In the era of technological and information development that is all sophisticated and modern, let's call it the era of industry 4.0 which is currently taking place and will also lead to the era of society 5.0, of course, making the use of the internet and technology a primary need. It cannot be denied that there are positive and negative impacts from the use of the internet and technology, moving from the negative impact that has started to make people behave individually. Lack of care and intolerance among others, the main purpose of this paper is to analyse the concept of Pancasila education as a national character education in the midst of the current era. The research in this paper uses qualitative research methods, with descriptive analytical research type, with data collection techniques using literature review.
The results of this study indicate that Pancasila education as a national character education is certainly a character formation starting from the practice of Pancasila values for the millennial generation in all aspects of social, national and state life. This can certainly be done well if the strengthening of the cultivation of Pancasila values is carried out both in the family environment and in the world of education or even introductory socializations that can be carried out so that the millennial generation does not lose direction, it can actually better understand the values of Pancasila itself.


Tourism is one of the important sectors which play a significant role in supporting economic development in Turkey just as in many other countries. Turkey is a country which has made vigorous efforts in order to develop tourism sector. Within this contex, Turkey is continuing to develop fast by concentrating on areas such as investment, publicity, marketing in tourism. It is seen that various publicity and advertisement campaigns are being carried out in Turkey in order to publicize the country and make it a brand in tourism. Distances between countries have decreased as a result of the globalization and technological developments in the recent years, which has led countries to tend towards new types of tourism in order to gain advantages and new markets. Therefore, countries have started to attach importance to publicity and advertisement campaigns. This is the main cause of the macro level competition being experienced between countries in tourism sector. The countries which aim to increase their market shares in this competitive environment have concentrated on publicity and advertisement campaigns. The advertising activities used by Turkey in tourism are greatly diversified thanks to the different methods and means employed. This study seeks to bring to light the activity performance of these practices by evaluating the new strategies of publicity and advertisement campaigns used in tourism sector in Turkey. This study includes domestic and foreign literature reviews. In addition, the activity report for 2015 of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the data provided by State Planning Organization and Turkish Statistical Institute were studied. The study contains the outstanding examples of new publicity activities which have developed as a result of the technological developments witnessed in Turkey in the recent years.


Context. One of the long-term goals of exoplanet science is the atmospheric characterization of dozens of small exoplanets in order to understand their diversity and search for habitable worlds and potential biosignatures. Achieving this goal requires a space mission of sufficient scale that can spatially separate the signals from exoplanets and their host stars and thus directly scrutinize the exoplanets and their atmospheres. Aims. We seek to quantify the exoplanet detection performance of a space-based mid-infrared (MIR) nulling interferometer that measures the thermal emission of exoplanets. We study the impact of various parameters and compare the performance with that of large single-aperture mission concepts that detect exoplanets in reflected light. Methods. We have developed an instrument simulator that considers all major astrophysical noise sources and coupled it with Monte Carlo simulations of a synthetic exoplanet population around main-sequence stars within 20 pc of the Sun. This allows us to quantify the number (and types) of exoplanets that our mission concept could detect. Considering single visits only, we discuss two different scenarios for distributing 2.5yr of an initial search phase among the stellar targets. Different apertures sizes and wavelength ranges are investigated. Results. An interferometer consisting of four 2 m apertures working in the 4–18.5 µ m wavelength range with a total instrument throughput of 5% could detect up to ≈ 550 exoplanets with radii between 0.5 and 6 R ⊕ with an integrated S / N ≥ 7. At least ≈ 160 of the detected exoplanets have radii ≤ 1.5 R ⊕ . Depending on the observing scenario, ≈ 25–45 rocky exoplanets (objects with radii between 0.5 and 1.5 R ⊕ ) orbiting within the empirical habitable zone (eHZ) of their host stars are among the detections. With four 3.5 m apertures, the total number of detections can increase to up to ≈ 770, including ≈ 60–80 rocky eHZ planets. With four times 1 m apertures, the maximum detection yield is ≈ 315 exoplanets, including ≤ 20 rocky eHZ planets. The vast majority of small, temperate exoplanets are detected around M dwarfs. The impact of changing the wavelength range to 3–20 µ m or 6–17 µ m on the detection yield is negligible. Conclusions. A large space-based MIR nulling interferometer will be able to directly detect hundreds of small, nearby exoplanets, tens of which would be habitable world candidates. This shows that such a mission can compete with large single-aperture reflected light missions. Further increasing the number of habitable world candidates, in particular around solar-type stars, appears possible via the implementation of a multi-visit strategy during the search phase. The high median S/N of most of the detected planets will allow for first estimates of their radii and effective temperatures and will help prioritize the targets for a second mission phase to obtain high-S/N thermal emission spectra, leveraging the superior diagnostic power of the MIR regime compared to shorter wavelengths.


Many developing countries whose economy is in transition are changing their structure towards liberalization and open market economies. Because of population growth and restructuring changes in these countries, electricity demand is growing at a high rate of 7-10% annually. As capacity installation in electricity sector is time consuming and requires high capital investments, governments of developing countries are burdened to spend heavy budgets in this sector. Electric sector in these countries is taking into consideration the change from monopoly towards free competition markets and allowing private sector to invest in electricity capacity expansion. Some developed nations with less capacity growths and stronger markets have experienced busts and booms after deregulation. This feature can result to much more instabilities and higher risks of market collapse if necessary policies and supports are not taken by the governments. This paper examines a case study for Iran which is a developing country for the case in which generation sector has become completely deregulated and generation market is open to private sectors to invest for building capacities, operating and owning or transferring to the government (B.O.O and B.O.T schemes). For this purpose, system dynamics modeling has been used to examine the impact of deregulation on generation capacity growth in economies in transition and finding necessary actions required to reach a more stable and sustainable growth after deregulation