The invention provides a color compensation device, and its method of a display apparatus, the color compensation unit, is connected to the display unit including a plurality of pixels, and displays an image according to the image data signal transmitted in response to each pixel, a predetermined test receiving the video data signal passes the luminance information from the display unit to display the test image according to the test data input, the test image data signal transmitted to each pixel of the display unit, a first color, a second color in the luminance information, and the luminance measurement section for acquiring a brightness ratio of the data signal of the third color, the first color, second color, and the using the brightness ratio of the data signals of the three colors of the first color, second color, and the compensation ratio determiner for calculating a compensation ratio to compensate for color errors of the three colors, respectively, and by using the compensation ratio to compensate for the external input video signal It includes a data portion for generating a compensation image data signal transmitted to each pixel of the display unit.


Most of the proposed MAC and routing protocols for
wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consider energy efficiency as the main objective and assume data traffic with unconstrained delivery requirements. However, applications such as rescue and disaster recovery, and tracking moving objects demand end-toend performance guarantees as the timely delivery of data is as important as energy efficiency. This paper presents a reservation based medium access control (MAC) for applications with different QoS priorities in a clustered WSN environment. The protocol is based on a combination of CDMA, TDMA and contention based access mechanisms. The protocol employs a slot assignment algorithm to handle adaptive resource allocation in a clustered environment. Simulations that demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed MAC protocol and the resource allocation is discussed.


The energy spectra of alpha and of protons emitted in (n, alpha ) and (n,p) reactions of 14 Mev neutrons on a CsI(Tl) crystal are presented. These spectra were obtained by employing a new method of mass discrimination to distinguish different particles in the CsI(Tl) crystal. Total cross section values for (n, alpha ) reactions were also obtained. (auth)


The Canada Goose is one of the first migratory birds to arrive in the spring and among the last to leave in the autumn.


Acetone( CH3COCH3) /NaOH,ethanol( EtOH) /NaOH and other chemical reagents systems were used for pre-treating cellulose. The R-10 value and water retention value( VWR) were measured to evaluate their impacts on polymerization degree and accessibility of cellulose. The cellulose pretreated under the optimal condition was analyzed by XRD and FT-IR to evaluate their impacts on the crystal structure,functional groups and hydrogen bonds. The results showed that NaOH / H2O2/ H2O,ethylene glycol( EG) / H2O2/ H2O,CH3COCH3/ NaOH and EtOH / NaOH systems exhibited better performance on the cellulose than other chemical reagents systems. The crystallinities of the pretreated celluloses were decreased from 65. 3% to 61. 3%,63. 7% and 49. 8% as treated by NaOH / H2O2/ H2O, EG / H2O2/ H2O and EtOH / NaOH systems, respectively. The percentages of intermolecular hydrogen bonds were declined to 58. 7%,58. 2% and 50. 3% from 61. 5%,respectively,but no crystal form changes were observed. However,in contrast,the crystal type changed as the cellulose was treated by CH3COCH3/ NaOH system,and its crystallinity and percentage of intermolecular hydrogen bonds were reduced by 18 percent point and 14. 7 percent point,respectively.


A method for calculating the lift and drag of partially-cavitating hydrofoils is presented. While it is difficult to correlate the values predicted with experimental data, the results appear promising. The effects of hydrofoil cavitation on the resistance characteristics of hydrofoil craft have been calculated. It appears that incidence-controlled hydrofoil craft are not very susceptible to leading-edge cavitation at takeoff, and that where leading edge cavitation does occur, takeoff performance will usually be improved. Flapped hydrofoils, on the other hand, are susceptible to cavitation both at the flap hinge and at the leading edge, with both takeoff and high-speed performance being adversely affected by cavitation.


The research objective is to identify and analyze the possibility of using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Altai Krai for agroclimatic and meteorological research, including forecasting climate change and predicting the yield of various crops. An agroclimatic assessment of atmospheric droughts within the conditions of Altai Krai was performed using a method relatively new for national agrometeorology. At the moment, in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, the G. T. Selyaninov Hydrothermic Factor (HF) is mainly used for assessing droughts, which makes it possible to assess the territory water availability by the ratio of the period characteristics with the temperature above 10°С. The authors have compiled the SPI calculator in the Microsoft Excel software environment. The paper presents the graphs of the moisturization course for the period of the active growing season for 31 meteorological stations of Altai Krai, and the frequency of arid events is calculated for compiling a precipitation model for the period of 1964–2020. The paper does not provide formulas described in detail in literature sources. The research results can be used in planning activities in the sphere of agriculture, developing an economic strategy for the region, and strategy in relation to adaptation to climate change. Areas are highlighted that are priority-oriented for taking measures to prevent the adverse consequences of climate change. General tendencies of changes in agrometeorological indicators have been found in those areas where they are the greatest ones. A comparison is made with the work results regarding other entities of the Russian Federation and the near abroad, wherein the possibility of using the SPI method for assessing droughts is analyzed.


Using four-hole film and Cylindrical Lenses linear defective photorefractive photonic lattice in self-defocusing crystal LN successfully induced by single-slice-beam method,we found when the angle of defect plumb to the c axis,the defective was better than others and when the angle of defect parallel to the c axis,the phenomenon was bad,correlation curve of refractive index with time was plotted,and found that write time of 40 minutes was the best time.The space electromagnetic field about of four-hole film was deduced,moreover the space light distributing of film and Cylindrical Lenses,were simulated theoretically which testify that this method was feasible,and meaningful to the defective photorefractive photonic lattice in study and application in the future.


The nature of the supported zirconium complex has been determined by investigating its behavior as a function of temperature from 300 to 475 K and also its interactions with D2, D2O and H2O. Additionally, results have been obtained for C2H2, C2H4 and C3H6 on alumina supported Zr(BH4)4.


This paper describes Japan's superconducting maglev system which features an elctrodynamic levitation system which enables super high speed running without any spectial control device for levitating a coach as well as guiding one. A test line was developed and designed which is composed of vehicle, guideway linear synchronous motor, etc. Laboratory tests and full-scale running tests helped in developing measures to make the system highly stable, safe, and environmentally friendly. The paper highlights major features in vehicle design, guideway design, and in the propulsion system.


The present invention, resins having different properties, for example, by successively intersects with the functional pigment and the resin or different components of the same type components containing such substances resin without causing interruption by manipulation of the spinning nozzle part in a molten state by exhaling, it can be configured so that the fibers with different properties in the longitudinal direction of the fibers are crossed in succession, thereby producing a composite fiber having a different surface effects and patterns in the longitudinal direction of the fibers method and apparatus for manufacturing a composite fiber which may be, there is a purpose also provides a composite fiber thereby is produced.


Rosemary Candelario's Flowers Cracking Concrete: Eiko & Koma's Asian/ American Choreographies is a comprehensive review of the forty-year performance history of Eiko and Koma, from their early years in Japan working with famed butoh choreographer and performer Tatsumi Hijikata to their more recent intercultural work in Cambodia. Organized in eight chapters, the book is based on extensive personal experience with Eiko and Koma that includes participation in ongoing classes/workshops, extensive review of archival material, in-depth interviews, close readings of their performances, and engagement in the organization of their retrospective at the Walker Art Museum (2009–2012). Eiko & Koma's choreographies act as the building blocks of the manuscript, and they also give occasion to reflect on diverse twentiethand twenty-first-century social and cultural issues— one of which is that choreography, whether intentional or not, is consistently political. Politics is one reason that Eiko and Koma individually became part of Japan's avant-garde art movement in Tokyo and its related resistance to the United States occupation of Japan. Their transnational positioning as artists from Japan who relocated to New York City placed them in the center of the discourse on Orientalism and the question of what it means to be American choreographers originally from Asia. Consequently, critics often evaluate their work as an example of Asian aesthetics existing within the cultural framework of the United States instead of as an example of the American avant-garde. In reviewing Eiko & Koma's performances from a political perspective, Candelario provides readers with an opportunity to consider how artistic vision is influenced by the totality of experience both within and outside the geographical boundaries of the United States; and, ultimately, what the implications of such transcultural experience are for being an American.


With the development of computer network, there have been more and more urgent requirements in the computer network security. In this paper, the goals of network security are reviewed, several methods of network attack and the technologies of network security are analyzed, and the emphasis is put on the description and analysis of the MD5 message digest algorithm which is commonly adopted in dealing with digital signatures. The flaws of the algorithm are investigated and a resolvent is recommended.


Findings alert that most Portuguese public administration services do not have any formal assessment of the needs, as well as training plans, shared evaluation systems with promoting institutions, training centers (mainly centers that provide behavioral training) or involvement of client services in the training process. Despite this, high civil servants and managers are still optimistic about the role of behavioral training in administrative modernization. Nonetheless, in this regard, the results show numerous contradictions, making it obvious that for now there is neither the involvement of civil servants nor the articulation of behavioral training actions with the (still few) projects of administrative modernization.


The enclosed machining recommendations were developed for ZA-12 gravity castings. Machining parameters, therefore, will vary somewhat for ZA-8 and ZA-27 and for castings made by different processes. The recommendations should be viewed as conservative starting points for the machining of the alloys. In many cases, machining rates considerably higher than those suggested have been employed. We thank the International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. for funding the machining studies which produced the information contained herein.


Contents: 1. Introduction Thomas Christiansen and Christine Neuhold PART I: THEORETICAL AND NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON INFORMAL GOVERNANCE 2. Formal Institutions and Informal Institutional Arrangements Michael Brie and Erhard Stolting 3. Informal Governance and Democratic Theory Hans-Joachim Lauth 4. Informal Politics: The Normative Challenge Christine Reh 5. Informal Institution and Comparative Politics: A Research Agenda Gretchen Helmke and Steven Levitsky PART II: THE PRACTICE OF INFORMAL GOVERNANCE ACROSS THE GLOBE 6. Informal Governance in the U.S.: Capitol Hill Networks Roberta Haar 7. Subversive Institutions and Informal Governance in Contemporary Russia Vladimir Gelman 8. On Informal Politics in East Asia Lowell Dittmer 9. Un-civil Society: The Politics of the "Informal People" Asef Bayat 10. Clientelism, Corruption and Political Cartels: Informal Governance in Southern Europe Jonathan Hopkin PART III: INFORMAL GOVERNANCE AND INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 11. Informal Governance in International Relations Thomas Conzelmann 12. Informal Governance at the United Nations Courtney B. Smith 13. Informal Governance and the G8 Sieglinde Gstoehl 14. Evolving Trade Governance on the Formal-Informal Spectrum: The Case of the World Trade Organization Amrita Narlikar 15. Non-state Actors and Global Informal Governance - The Case of ICANN Jonathan Weinberg 16. Business as Usual? Informal EU Governance and Alternative Methods of Policy-making Otto Holman PART IV: INFORMAL GOVERNANCE AND EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS 17. Formal and Informal Institutions in the EU's Legislative Process Adrienne Heritier 18. The European Parliament as a Driving Force in Informal Institution-Building: The Hard Case of the EP's Relation with the High Representative for the CFSP Ben Crum 19. Informal Governance and the Decision-making of the Council of Ministers Dorothee Heisenberg 20. Inter-institutional Relations, Informal Governance and the European Commission Jeff Stacey 21. Informal Governance and the Rome Treaties Thomas Gijswijt PART V: INFORMAL GOVERNANCE WITHIN DIFFERENCE POLICY DOMAINS 22. Informal Governance and Networks in EU Foreign Policy Arnout Justaert and Stephan Keukeleire 23. Financial Service Regulation and Informal Governance Alan Hardacre 24. Informal Governance of Emerging Technologies in Africa Matthew Harsh 25. European Economic and Monetary Policy-making through Informal Governance Uwe Puetter 26. Informal Governance in Higher Education Reform: The Bologna Process in Europe Paul Furlong 27. Informal European Asylum Governance in an International Context Maarten Vink and Claudia Engelmann Index


Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane having carbazole moiety, octakis[2-(carbazol-9-yl)ethyldimethylsiloxy]silsesquioxane (POSS-Cz), was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction between octakis(dimethylsiloxy)silsesquioxane and 9-vinylcarbazole in the presence of platinum catalyst, and can be characterized by 1H, 13C, 29Si NMR, IR, and MALDI-TOF MS spectroscopies. POSS-Cz is soluble in common organic solvents. Comparison of thermal, electrochemical, and optical properties of POSS-Cz with those of 9-ethylcarbazole (EtCz) and poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVCz) revealed that electrochemical and optical properties of POSS-Cz are similar to those of EtCz, but POSS-Cz shows glassy state similarly to PVCz.


Reproducing and debugging field failures--failures that occur on user machines after release--are challenging tasks for developers. To help the first task, in previous work we have proposed BugRedux, a technique for reproducing, in-house, failures observed in the field. Although BugRedux can help developers reproduce field failures, it does not provide any specific support for debugging such failures. To address this limitation, in this paper we present F3, a novel technique that builds on BugRedux and extends it with support for fault localization. Specifically, in F3 we extend our previous technique in two main ways: first, we modify BugRedux so that it generates multiple failing and passing executions "similar" to the observed field failure; second, we add to BugRedux debugging capabilities by combining it with a customized fault-localization technique. The results of our empirical evaluation, performed on a set of real-world programs and field failures, are promising: for all the failures considered, F3 was able to (1) synthesize passing and failing executions and (2) successfully use the synthesized executions to perform fault localization and, ultimately, help debugging.


We solve the long-standing open problem of classifying all 3-(v,k,1) designs with a flag-transitive group of automorphisms (cf. A. Delandtsheer, Geom. Dedicata 41 (1992), p. 147; and in: "Handbook of Incidence Geometry", ed. by F. Buekenhout, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1995, p. 273; but presumably dating back to 1965). Our result relies on the classification of the finite 2-transitive permutation groups.


Objectives of the present study were to find out the correlation of physical activity and dietary intake of fiber, fat with the anthropometric measurements of the female students and staff of the university of Hail. A total of 237 participants (age 18 – 30+ years) were included in the study. Information on physical activity was obtained using IPAQ – 2004. The intake of fats and fiber was measured by online screening using Nutrition Quest, 2009. All an- thropometric data was collected using In-Body 720 machine. Results were analyzed using SPSS- 17.0, and were checked at 0.05 level for significance.Results of the study concluded that around 22 % of the subjects were over- weight whereas 20% were found obese. 57.4% of the participants were found to be physically inactive. BMI was significantly correlated with daily fiber intake P<0.05 and Fat intake (P<0.005). Strong positive correlation was found between the age and percent body fat as well as visceral fat whereas amount of protein and minerals in the body were inversely correlated with age. (P=0.000). BMI was significantly correlated with dietary intake of fat and fiber. Mean intake of fiber was low (14.6±4.3 grams) and average intake of fat was 35-40% of total calories. Preva- lence of obesity was found to be alarming with high percentage of subjects being inactive, which is a matter of great concern. Intake of fruits and vegetables and daily intake of fiber was also found to be very low.Results of this study will help provide evidences that increase in physical activity and dietary fiber can prevent obesity.


This work aimed to identify and map the environmental conflicts that encompass the artisanal fishing community in the Brazilian coastal zone, in order to provide greater visibility to the socialactors victimized by environmental inequality and injustice in favor of economic projects. For this analysis data from the Map of Conflicts and Environmental Injustice in Health in Brazil elaborated by Fiocruz were used, in order to systematize a methodological proposal focused on the fishing community in the Brazilian coastal zone, in order to provide greater visibility to the socialconflicts present in the coastal states of the country and related to artisanal fishing. The results indicate the states of Bahia (14), Ceara (12) and Rio de Janeiro (9) to be the ones with the largest number of fishing related conflicts. Among the main economic activities that generate conflict in artisanal fishing are the chemical and oil/gas industry (35,62%), ports and shipyards (32,88%) – predominant in the south and southeastern regions –, tourism (30,14%) and fishing and shrimp farming activities (24.66%) – with higher incidence in the north and northeastern regions of the country.
Keywords: environmental conflicts, artisanal fishing, coastal zone, environmental management,social vulnerability.


This column contains a summary of last year's research on online algorithms presented at the STOC, FOCS, ICALP, ESA, and STACS conferences. Unfortunately, due to space constraints, the report could not be entirely exhaustive, and results from other conferences or journal articles are not covered. We hope that all readers will find in the survey something of interest, to fill those long winter evenings. The papers in the report are organized roughly by applications.


In this work, we present the notion of sp[γ,γ^(* ) ]-open set,  sp[γ,γ^(* ) ]-closed, and sp[γ,γ^(* ) ]-closure such that several properties are obtained. By using this concept, we define a new type of spaces named sp[γ,γ^(* ) ]-compact space.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the role given to Africa by Spanish textbooks published between 1958 and 1988, and pinpoint their predominant approaches and discourse.


Recently, occurrences of chaos have been reported in many engineering systems and most of these occurrences are unfavorable phenomena which used to be controlled. This paper proposes two methods for the stabilization of arbitrary unstable periodic orbits embedded in chaos attractors existing in nonlinear discrete-time systems using nonlinear feedback. First, we proose a method based on a property of contracton mappings. Next, we propose another method using exact linearization via nonlinear feedback. In both methods, differentiability of the controlled systems is not required. Moreover, feedback ned not be reconstructed in target periodic orbits.


Mice fed a high cholesterol‐cholic acid (lithogenic) diet for one year develop fatty livers in addition to gallstones. Light and electron micrographs demonstrate large amounts of lipids in liver parenchymal cells, often to the exclusion of most other cytoplasmic organelles. In addition, some hepatocytes exhibit nuclear lipid pseudo‐ and true inclusions. Other prominent features of hepatocytes after lithogenic diet include segregation of nucleolar granular and fibrillar material. Accumulation of considerable collagen in extracellular spaces is also noted. Observations suggest changes induced by the cholesterol diet are comparable to cytologic alterations seen in spontaneous and drug induced hepatic tumors, as well as to more general "fatty metamorphosis" of the liver.


Farm couples' labour market responses are partly the qualitative choice of entering the ff-farm labour market and partly the continuous choice of the number of on-farm and off-farm working hours, given entry. Such a setting is interesting when examining the increasing occurrence of multiple job-holdings among farmers in western economies. This paper presents a unified framework for handling such discrete/continuous choices, involving optimisation of farm production, household consumption, and multiple job-holdings for both husband and wife. A two-equation censoring panel data model is implemented and estimated from Norwegian panel data for 342 farms observed over a ten-year period.


Based on the quantity theory of money,funds outstanding for foreign exchange have a significant inpacton inflation.Firstly,the VAR model and Granger causality model are used to find the interaction among funds outstanding for foreign exchange,money supply and inflation rates.The Impulse Response analysis and Variance Decomposition are applied for the impact of the variable response and fluctuations.Secondly,we use Monetary Sterilization model to explore the internal relationship between inflation and funds outstanding for foreign exchange.Monetary Sterilization analysis shows: the central bank's monetary sterilization policy is totally effective,monetary sterilization Intensity is about-0.6 and monetary sterilization elasticity is greater than 1.On the whole,the effectiveness of monetary sterilization has a weak decreasing trend.


Electric-field-induced instabilities of trilayer of immiscible thin films confined between both planar and patterned electrodes have been explored by the linear stability analysis (LSA) and the long-wave nonlinear simulations. The twin liquid–liquid interfaces of a trilayer can undergo either in-phase bending or antiphase squeezing or mixed modes of evolution. The linear and nonlinear analyses together uncover the conditions under which these modes evolve and subsequently form an array of interesting, complex patterns. The study confirms that when the middle layer is of the highest or lowest dielectric permittivity than the other layers the interfaces undergo a squeezing mode of deformation. In other cases, the interfaces evolve in the bending mode, except for the situations where the linear growth coefficient versus wavenumber curves in the LSA show a bimodal behavior and the interfaces evolve in a mixed mode. The LSA also highlights the importance of the ratios of the thermodynamic parameters such as th...


The stable marriage problem (SMP) can be seen as a typical game, where each player wants to obtain the best possible partner by manipulating his/her preference list. Thus the set Q of preference lists submitted to the matching agency may differ from P, the set of true preference lists. In this paper, we study the stability of the stated lists in Q. If Q is not Nash equilibrium, i.e., if a player can obtain a strictly better partner (with respect to the preference order in P) by only changing his/her list, then in the view of standard game theory, Q is vulnerable. In the case of SMP, however, we need to consider another factor, namely that all valid matchings should not include any "blocking pairs" with respect to P. Thus, if the above manipulation of a player introduces blocking pairs, it would prevent this manipulation. Consequently, we say Q is totally stable if either Q is a Nash equilibrium or if any attempt at manipulation by a single player causes blocking pairs with respect to P. We study the complexity of testing the total stability of a stated strategy. It is known that this question is answered in polynomial time if the instance (P,Q) always satisfies P=Q. We extend this polynomially solvable class to the general one, where P and Q may be arbitrarily different.


In this work the infl uence of emissions from heat power station on the phenolic composi.tion in scots pine needles was investigated. There was no difference neither in qualitative composition nor in quantitative content. Trees state changes associated with multiple stress factors are reflected in the struc Lure of correl a tion rna tri x. The number of significanCe of correlation coefficients was increased in testing group and structure of correlation bonds between individual compounds Was changed too. This phenomenon is independent of nature· of stress and arises only due to common regulator factor. The problem of large-scale pollution of the air and its ruinous impact on t.he plants signifi.cance. countries is condition of the bas acquired special ecological forests in highly industriali.zed a subject of great attention. certain progress had been achieved in developing detected damage of the forest Lbe methods to record visually veget.ation [1]. At present it. ].5 commonly recognized, the biochemical to that the damage is. first. of all, revealed at spread over tbe ultrastructural and cell levels. The visible symptoms of the damage develop aft.er it. In this connection it is for early biochemical indices. of plime importance to develop the methods of the pI ant candi tion on the basis of There is voluminous literature. devoted to the studies (If the biochemical composition of plants, affected by air pollution [2,3, 4 J. Nevertheless, there are no how(~veJ' aceeptable biochemical methods for early diagnosis yet. This seems t.o be due to several reasons. One of them is the fact, tha t most works, as a rul e, compare absolute values of the concentrations of the substances or


Neurofeedback (NF) is a scientific method that alters the brain states to improve mental disorders. Neurofeedback can perform through Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) which involves hardware, and software to communicate with the outside environment using the brain's thoughts. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has shown a substantial influence on mental health symptoms because individuals are working from home (WFH). However, A brain condition known as Mental Fatigue (MF) is induced by continuous cognitive work and lowers mental attentiveness as well as negatively affects performance. There are different approaches to address different mental states and Neurofeedback strategies to change mental states. Thus, Neurofeedback can be an Intervention technique to reduce mental fatigue and improve cognitive task performance. Furthermore, it is proven by researchers that Machine Learning Technique can successfully detect Mental Fatigue through electroencephalography (EEG). Currently, there is no BCI that integrated Mental Fatigue detection and applies Neurofeedback strategies to reduce Mental Fatigue. This review identified a neurofeedback process that includes signal acquisition, signal pre-processing, feature extraction, classification and generation of feedback signals. This review aims to develop a general architecture of mental fatigue intervention through BCI.


This paper describes the design and prototype imple entation of a compact climbing robot with magnetic adhesion, which is only 8mm hig h and allows for moving in any direction on the stators or rotors of power generat ors. Thanks to a new locomotion system based on flexible magnetic rollers (= magnet ic wheels fixed on motorized flexible shafts; patented technology), the robot is able to span over gaps and non-magnetic zones both in axial and circumferential direction while s till being flexible enough for adapting to the large curvature of the rotor/stator (~0.5m-2 ). With this new design, it is now possible for the first time to access all types of large power generators (>100MW) with only one device – while still keeping the mechanica l complexity at a level which allows for realizing the robot in a robust way and at reas on ble cost. After a brief description of the industrial environment where it is supposed to be used (inspection of generator stators with the rotor still installed), this paper describes the basic mechanical concept, pointing to the core innovation and the advantages towards previous designs. The paper concludes with a prototype implementation and some test results; and provides an outlook on future extensions in the final industria l version.


In October,2008,Library Service Manifesto is formally promulgated by Library Society of China, it is a serious commitment of Chinese Libraries to society. Under this background, this paper analyses the role of reference librarians and puts forward that they play an important role in library service.The author thinks that the reference librarians should become the shapers of good social image of library and the practitioners who improve the social status of library.


This thesis discusses the topological aspects of quantum gravity, focusing on the connection between 2D quantum gravity and 2D topological gravity. The mathematical background for the discussion is presented in the first two chapters. The possible gauge formulations of 2D topological gravity as a BF or a Super BF theory are presented and compared against 2D quantum gravity in the dynamical triangulation scheme. A new identification between topological gravity in the Super BF formulation and the reduced hermitian matrix model at genus zero is explained in depth.


Papers p 486

Whether you give weight to the philosophy of a divine human spirit or to the elegant chemistry of evolution, or to both, there is no argument about humankind's drive to reproduce. The strength of that drive manifests in many ways: physically, as the millions of spermatozoa launched with each ejaculation; behaviourally, as the early onset and frequency of sexual activity; institutionally, as the papal preclusions of contraception and abortion; and professionally, as the trivialisation of sexual medicine and fertility control. It was no accident that the first drug to be overtly rationed by the NHS was sildenafil (Viagra). Sexual function was dismissed as a "lifestyle option" rather than an issue of health and wellbeing. But, while sexual intercourse occurs less often, the proportion of humans who will have sex during their lives approaches the proportion that will breathe.1

Typically, young women who are adequately nourished are fertile. Globally, increasing numbers of young women are becoming sexually active long before they form durable partnerships.2 Access to contraception is essential but it may not …


A production process transforming multiple inputs to different outputs is considered in conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. In various settings, however, there are factors that simultaneously play the roles of both input and output called dual-role factors. In some situations, additional information is available to impose on a DEA model with dual-role factors, or the decision maker is forced to impose some restrictions regarding the importance of dual-role factors on the model. Toward this end, the current research employs two different weighting methods to introduce various weighted DEA models in the presence of dual-role factors. To strengthen the accuracy of the new models, their properties are discussed. Then, each new model is illustrated in details by a numerical example. Moreover, to show that the new models are applicable, they are applied to the Iranian banking sector. To do this, $ 20 $ bank branches which have dual-role factors are assessed. At last, to show the outcome of weight restrictions, the results obtained by each new model are compared with those from Cook and Zhu's model (2007).


The stress assessment of the wicket gate is difficult in structural design.In this paper,according to detailed stress analysis and computation using finite element method for wicker gate of pump turbine,the working stresses of wicket gate for pump turbine is determined.


In Indonesia, Dengue incidence tends to increase every year but has been fluctuating in recent years. The potential for Dengue outbreaks in DKI Jakarta, the capital city, deserves serious attention. Weather factors are suspected of being associated with the incidence of Dengue in Indonesia. This research used weather and Dengue incidence data for five regions of DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, from December 30, 2008, to January 2, 2017. The study used a clustering approach on time-series and non-time-series data using K-Medoids and Fuzzy C-Means Clustering. The clustering results for the non-time-series data showed a positive correlation between the number of Dengue incidents and both average relative humidity and amount of rainfall. However, Dengue incidence and average temperature were negatively correlated. Moreover, the clustering implementation on the time-series data showed that rainfall patterns most closely resembled those of Dengue incidence. Therefore, rainfall can be used to estimate Dengue incidence. Both results suggest that the government could utilize weather data to predict possible spikes in DHF incidence, especially when entering the rainy season and alert the public to greater probability of a Dengue outbreak.


This article is intended to compare some nonminimal and minimal-phase (MPS) RC feedback systems from their argument (phase vs. frequency) characteristics point of view. There will be shown the nonminimal-phase systems (NPS) as feedback circuits with active element (e. g. OPAMP), which are able to generate periodic (quasisinusoidal) signals when some differences of MPS have been concerned and fulfilled.


The paper considers the role and tasks of the transport industry in the economic complex of Russia in the economic sanctions imposed. The analysis of the predicted changes in the international transport and logistics complex allowed the staging recommendations for amendments to the basic policy documents for the industry growth. Also, the paper substantiates the need to adjust certain points in the development of logistics projects within Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). The authors analyzed the meaning of railway transport, which is the primary carrier of the considered commodity groups (products of the metallurgical, logging, coal industry) in the new economic conditions.The research proposed the calculation of the projected increase in rail freight traffic in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District. This assessment is based on the analysis of external exports of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the logging, metallurgical, and coal industries in 2020 and a valuation of the sanctions' impact on foreign trade activity.


College is special organization with special features of shouldering civilization inheriting,qualified personnel cultivating,knowledge creating,and society serving.In the new era,it is a logical choice of establishing human-oriented teaching management for social development and personnel cultivation in the organization.The article expounds the historical necessity of human-oriented values and how to perform it.


The purpose of this research was to examine the career engagement of Canadian Career Development Practitioners (CDPs), a group of professionals tasked with helping Canadians with career and employment-related concerns. Previous studies with this participant sample have not focused on engagement, which is considered to be an important metric for worker satisfaction and productivity. As a result, this study established an important foundation for ongoing work. A mixed-method approach, using the newly developed quantitative measure of career engagement supported by some qualitative questions, was used for the study. Findings indicate that, overall, Canadian CDPs are engaged with their careers; however, the sector's youngest and newest as well as oldest and most senior workers are least likely to be engaged. Although this study produced meaningful results, more research is needed. A larger sample size, with better geographical representation would help confirm workers most at risk for lower engagement. In addition, it is likely
important to identify whether CDPs with lower engagement levels are at risk of providing a poorer quality of service to clients and, perhaps, subsequently impacting a client's ability
to be successful.


Abstract Ten different horticulture therapy (HT) activities that can be adapted for preschool children, elderly adults, and intergenerational groups are outlined here. The goals for these activities included participation, self-motivation, and fun. The children's activities were designed for freedom to explore and learn and to ensure completion of the activity. The elderly adult activities were designed for flexibility to adapt to the different ability levels of the participants. The intergenerational activities were designed for group interaction. While these activities produced variable results for the children's group, the elderly adult group, or the intergenerational group, they were all successful. Guidelines are given for increasing effectiveness and success of activities when working with these populations.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variant of concern (VoC) Omicron (B.1.1.529) has rapidly spread around the world, presenting a new threat to global public human health. Due to the large number of mutations accumulated by SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron, concerns have emerged over potentially reduced diagnostic accuracy of reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), the gold standard diagnostic test for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Thus, we aimed to assess the impact of the currently endemic Omicron sublineages BA.4 and BA.5 on the integrity and sensitivity of RT‐qPCR assays used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) diagnosis via in silico analysis. We employed whole genome sequencing data and evaluated the potential for false negatives or test failure due to mismatches between primers/probes and the Omicron VoC viral genome.


The gross NPA ratio of the Indian scheduled commercial banks is found to be cyclical in nature. It stood at 15.7% at the end of 1996-97 then it came down to 5.2% at the end of 2004-05. It came down further to 2.3% at the end of 2010-11 but thereafter steadily increased to 11.9% at the end of 2017-18. Based on the data for the period 2005-06 to 2017-18, this study has revealed, based on a panel regression, that rate of return on total investment of the borrowers, rate of growth of the economy, rate of growth of bank credit and average rate of interest charged by banks to the borrowers have persistent effect on the gross NPA ratio of banks. Priority sector lending, lending without security, investment in debt instruments of companies, business per employee and motivation of the employees of banks also affect gross NPA ratio of banks.


The authors describe an instructional model designed to promote interdisciplinary collaboration among students pursuing master's degrees in social work and journalism. This unique model involved active collaboration among social work and journalism graduate students and faculty to create a single-issue magazine focused on a diverse range of social welfare issues. After describing the development and format of the model as well as requisite resources, the authors discuss emergent learning opportunities for both groups of students, including identification of role tensions between the 2 professions, deepened understanding of the social work profession and its associated roles, and methods for collaboration to advance the social justice purposes of both professions.


Hyperglycemia is a major cause of complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Since the optimal level of glycemic control is achieved only in a small number of patients with diabetes mellitus, additional methods of prevention and treatment of complications are strongly recommended. The focus of healthcare specialists is increasing on substances that can affect intracellular pathological processes associated with hyperglycemia. Such drugs or agents include certain vitamins and minerals.


Objective To study the prevalence,clinical characteristics and influencing factors of Alzheimer disease with sleep disorder,and develop corresponsive nursing intervention measures.Methods The sleep quality of 48 elderly patients with Alzheimer disease treated in our hospital from May 2012 to March 2013 were assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Results 75% of the 48 cases of Alzheimer disease patients had sleep disorders.According to the survey,the main factors affecting the sleep quality of the patients mainly were adverse psychology,unfamiliar environment,less daytime activities and so on.Sleep-wake rhythm disorders(10 cases,20.83%),sunset agitation(5 cases,10.42%),exces sive daytime somnolence(4 cases,8.33%),excessive irritability and wandering at night(8 cases,16.67%),going to bed early(3 cases,6.25%),sleep difficulties(13 cases,27.08%),and fragments sleep(5 cases,10.42%) were the main clinical manifestation of the patients.Conclusion Most elderly Alzheimers disease patients suffer from sleep disorder,therefore,their sleep quality can be improved actively from the aspects of psychological nursing,changing the environment,adjust ing the patients′ sleep time and moderately increasing their activities so as to improve the quality of life of them.


A Low Power, Wideband Low-Noise Amplifier is presented in this paper. By using (Cgd and Cgs) two RLC impedance branches, the wideband impedance matching can be achieved. In order to save the power consumption, the current-reused technique is employed at second stage. In this work, the result of the proposed LNA realizes a peak gain 14-dB at 20.5 GHz, and the lowest noise figure 4.6 dB at 27 GHz. The return loss of input and output are better than 10-dB from 20 to 28 GHz and 20 to 26.5 GHz, respectively. The dc power dissipation is only 12 mW.


"We are most of us profoundly uninterested in municipal affairs." Maud. This paper questions the rationale of the South African system of local taxation. It is argued that our system has too narrow a tax base‐fixed property‐to supply the needs of the modern city; that property taxation is iniquitous in its effects upon taxpayers; and that today it is being applied to finance categories of expenditure for which a tax on property was never intended. Some new thinking is required to devise a system that would supply a closer link between financial requirements and ability to pay.


The antioxiclant action of vitamin E was analyzed, the vitamin being administered to diabetic rats, and the changes in glicemia, glycosilated hemoglobin (HbA1c) lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant, albumin and total proteins were evaluated. Four groups of rats were employed: I control II control plus vit E, III diabetics by streptozotocin, IV diabetic plus vit E. After 8 weeks of treatment with insulin (4 U/Kg weight) diabetic animals dosed with vit E improved their glicemia and their HbA1c level decreased. In diabetic and control groups that received vit E lipid peroxidation decreased 25%, compared with those who didn't receive the supplement. These findings suggest that vit E tends to improve glicemia, decrease the HbA1c levels and total antioxidants in diabetic groups.


" The specificity of the candidate compound treating malaria should be based on the biological specific characteristics of this parasite. "


The embodiments of the present invention disclose resource configuration methods and relevant devices of a demodulation reference signal, wherein a resource configuration method of a demodulation reference signal may comprise: determining the number of transmission layers of the UE for transmitting uplink data; selecting combinational configurations of CS and OCC sequence necessary for generating DMRS sequences of respective transmission layers of the UE for transmitting uplink data, from one combinational configuration item of multiple combinational configuration items of CS and OCC sequence that are preset, directed to the maximum number of transmission layers supportable by the system, and usable for generating demodulation reference signal DMRS sequences of respective transmission layers, based on the determined number of transmission layers; generating and delivering to the UE a control signaling containing configuration indication information. The solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can simplify the complexity of a protocol describing the DMRS resource configurations, and is helpful for reducing inter-codeword DMRS interferences.


Landscape fires emit smoke that contains particulate matter (PM) that can be harmful to human health. Prescribed fires or hazard reduction burns (HRBs) and wildfires can substantially reduce air quality in populated areas. While HRBs reduce the size and PM output of future wildfires, they also produce PM. There is a critical question of whether conducting HRBs adds to or reduces the total PM (prescribed + wildfire PM) exposure of populations, which has important community health implications. We modelled mean 24 h PM2.5 in Sydney from fire type, 24 h active regional fire area and weather predictors. We compared HRB and wildfire area effects via an interaction between fire area and fire type, and we found that a non-linear effect of fire area was most appropriate. We conducted a trade-off analysis by using the model to predict increased HRB area scenarios and calculated the number of HRB and wildfire days with 'Fair' or worse air quality under each scenario. Regional HRBs and wildfire areas had similar effects on PM2.5 in Sydney. Increasing regional HRB area produced substantial increases in HRB exceedance days (>12.5 µgm−3) in Sydney but only a small reduction in wildfire exceedance days. Our results indicate that small fires in the region have a higher per-hectare impact on PM levels in Sydney, and consequently, increasing regional HRB area would result in more poor air quality days overall (HRB + wildfire days) in Sydney.


McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company recently undertook a study to determine the actual simulator hardware time delay in all the simulators, It also investigated the effect of time delay on pilot performance and his aircraft evaluaiion in- an engineering design environment. This paper describes the system architecture, techniques -of measuring thruput delays, and initial study results. It was found that the average total system delay was about 87 milliseconds, well below values reported in open literature for most of the training and engineering simulators. The second phase of the study involved systematically varying the simulator delays so that data on the effect of time delay could be collected and used as a useful parameter in aircraft /simulator design. Pilot performance was recorded and subjective evalua- tions in the form of Cooper-Harper ratings were also obtained. Analysis of pilot performance did not provide any dramatic changes due to increased simulator delays but did show that the pilot control activity increased in the low speed, high gain tasks. It was found that with increased time delay the Cooper-Harper rating increased indicating degradation in perceived handling qualities. However, for the type of helicopter simulated, there was not a definite time delay at which the ratings changed abruptly. This indicates that for engineering design purposes while it is desirable to keep the delay to the absolute minimum, there may be sufficient flexibil- ity in the design of the simulator to permit cost/ capability trade offs. However, this needs to be further validated by additional tests that introduce pilot dis- tractions (such as gusts) and force the pilot to increase his closed loop gain. Abbreviations


For the general ruled cubic surface S (with a double line) in P3 = P3 sub k, k any algebraically closed field, we find necessary conditions for which curves on S can be the specialization of a flat family of curves on smooth cubics. In particular, no smooth curve of degree > 10 on S is such a specialization.


Abstract In this paper, we further develop the coordination control scheme for discrete-event systems based on the Ramadge-Wonham framework. The notions of conditional decomposability, conditional controllability, and conditional closedness are revised and simplified, supremal conditionally controllable sublanguages of general non-prefix-closed languages are discussed, and a procedure for the computation of a coordinator for nonblockingness is presented.


As the co-editor of the Class of 1981 Newsletter, Robert Goldbloom led a dedicated group of volunteers who created the fundamental fulcrum for their class communication—and for their class successes—over this past year. Robert and his co-editor Peter Oudheusden recognized that their class newsletter provided the best leverage for building and nurturing contacts among classmates and between Class and College. They realized that by publishing small updates about individual classmates, even more classmates would be inspired to volunteer their own stories. They realized that with the photo-and-story coverage of their class mini-reunions, even more classmates would volunteer to host and attend their mini-reunions. They realized that with the consistent coverage of Dartmouth College Fund giving, even more classmates would step forward to make a gift. As the 30th Reunion approached, they seamlessly highlighted and promoted this event in their newsletters. The successes this year of the Class of 1981, with its great reunion attendance and Dartmouth College Fund giving, can be traced back easily to the investments that Robert made in writing, editing, and publishing the newsletter. Robert and Peter followed through on the promise of delivering an issue every other month: They published six newsletters that shared 56 pages of content, representing a 40-percent increase over last year's content delivery. They were joined by classmates who submitted updates and family photos and mini-reunion stories, by classmates who scoured Facebook postings, and by class officers who would seek out newsletter stories about family and friends with every classmate contact. The editorial team also benefitted from the talents of a classmate who professionally designed and laid out each issue. All issues were also posted in full color on the class website. Graduating from Dartmouth with a degree in chemistry with physics and a membership in the Green Key Society, Robert went on to earn a master's in chemical physics from Columbia University. He then worked as an actuarial associate for New York Life, a CFO for global pensions at American International Group, and a senior vice president at AIG American General. Along the way, he became a chartered financial analyst. Currently, Robert serves as the chief financial officer at Regent Street Capital. Robert lives in Hastings-on-Hudson. He had served 10 loyal years an alumni interviewer for Dartmouth admissions. While Robert is retiring now after serving five years as class newsletter co-editor, he will continue his service to class and College by …


he first edition of the Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums was published in Dresden at the very end of 1763. Its author, Johann Joachim Winckelmann, was a German antiquarian who had resided in Rome since 1755 and had already made a name for himself with a string of shorter antiquarian publications on ancient art, including a famous essay titled Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture, an analytical catalog of a major collection of engraved ancient gems, and a series of reports on finds from the contemporary excavations at Herculaneum and Pompeii. The Geschichte—which was quickly translated into French and Italian—was Winckelmann's most innovative and influential work, and is the principal reason why he is traditionally dubbed both the "father of art history" and the "father of (classical) archaeology." Its importance lies in Winckelmann's aspiration to furnish the blueprint for a new kind of cultural, social, and political history of ancient peoples by combining both material and literary evidence into a new, comprehensive, and causal analysis of the rise, flourishing, and decline of each people's artistic production. The work is divided into two parts: in the first, Winckelmann provides a systematic, theoretical discussion of the "origins of art and reasons for its diversity among peoples," followed by a comparative analysis of extant monuments of the ancient Egyptians, Etruscans, Greeks, and Romans based on drawing visual distinctions


Revised and updated third edition offers a broader range of material Wide scope of methods and applications, making this a comprehensive treatment of the subject A wealth of examples and exercises—ideal for students in economics and finance Quantlets in R and Matlab available online Most of the observable phenomena in the empirical sciences are of a multivariate nature. In financial studies, assets are observed simultaneously and their joint development is analysed to better understand general risk and to track indices. In medicine recorded observations of subjects in different locations are the basis of reliable diagnoses and medication. In quantitative marketing consumer preferences are collected in order to construct models of consumer behavior. The underlying data structure of these and many other quantitative studies of applied sciences is multivariate. Focusing on applications this book presents the tools and concepts of multivariate data analysis in a way that is understandable for non-mathematicians and practitioners who need to analyze statistical data. The book surveys the basic principles of multivariate statistical data analysis and emphasizes both exploratory and inferential statistics. All chapters have exercises that highlight applications in different fields. The third edition of this book on Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis offers the following new features A new Chapter on Regression Models has been added All numerical examples have been redone, updated and made reproducible in MATLAB or R, see www.quantlet.org for a repository of quantlets.


Objective Establishment of B7 -DC transgenic mouse model.Method B7-DC cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR from mouse thymus,then it was inserted into PEF6/V5-His vector and get PEF6- B7-DC/V5-His which contain a fuse protein B7-DC-V5-His.The PEF6-B7-DC/V5-His gene was micro- injected to the pronuclear of FVB mouse embryos,then transfer the embryos to the foster mother and get new individuals.Positive founders was confirmed by PCR and Southern.Result Eighty three injected embryos were transferred and 39 offspring mice were obtained,three of them are positive and can be successfully inherited to F2.Conclusion The B7-DC transgenic mice model was established.


1. Flower bud formation in Phalaenopsis amabilis cultivar'Doris×Does Pueblos' hybrid was studied.2. The plants were grown under the ordinary orchid greenhouse at Chuo Agricultural High School, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.3. Flower bud samplings were made at one or two week intervals from Sep. 11 to Dec. 25, 1970.4. Stages of the flower buds were observed under the stereo-scopic micro-scope by scale stripping method.5. Inflorescence shoot began to grow on Oct. 20, and the first floret primordium was formed at the sixth to seventh node of the inflorescence shoot, on Oct. 30.6. Then the flower buds developed to sepal formation stage (Nov. 13), petal formation stage and column formation stage (Nov. 27), pollen sack and stigma formation stage (Dec. 11), and pollen formation stage (Dec. 25). And the first flower bloomed on Jan. 17, 1971.


Software-defined wide area networking (SD-WAN) enables dynamic network policy control over a large distributed network via network updates. To be practical, network updates must be consistent (i.e., free of transient errors caused by updates to multiple switches), secure (i.e., only be executed when sent from valid controllers), and reliable (i.e., function despite the presence of faulty or malicious members in the control plane), while imposing only minimal overhead on controllers and switches. We present SERENE: a protocol for secure and reliable network updates for SD-WAN environments. In short: Consistency is provided through the combination of an update scheduler and a distributed transactional protocol. Security is preserved by authenticating network events and updates, the latter with an adaptive threshold cryptographic scheme. Reliability is provided by replicating the control plane and making it resilient to a dynamic adversary by using a distributed ledger as a controller failure detector. We ensure practicality by providing a mechanism for scalability through the definition of independent network domains and exploiting the parallelism of network updates both within and across domains. We formally define SERENE's protocol and prove its safety with regards to event-linearizability. Extensive experiments show that SERENE imposes minimal switch burden and scales to large networks running multiple network applications all requiring concurrent network updates, imposing at worst a 16% overhead on short-lived flow completion and negligible overhead on anticipated normal workloads.


Physics teachers should renew their opinions and organize effective physics concepts during the concept teaching, they must acknowledge and attach importance to students' personal post concepts and should consider the course of physics concept teaching to be the course of concept development and transformation, that is, the course of changing the produced Physics post concepts into the correct scientific concepts. Thus the teaching tactics of concept transform which is guided by the construct theory, "the concept conflict" and " the concept development"


THE observation by a patient with chronic sinusitis that after each of three diagnostic examinations the pain from which he suffered was relieved for a time, led one of us (H.K.) to try the effects of X-rays on other control cases of a similar nature. Medium therapy was employed with a dosage from \—f Sabouraud pastille, spark gap (point to point) of 9 inches, 3—4 mm. Al. filter, and an anticathode skin distance of 30 cm. given, at first, weekly, and later on at longer intervals, according to the patient's reaction. As the original case obtained relief by the rays directed posteroanteriorly, he was treated in this way to begin with and the pain was found to disappear as he himself had reported. The disappearance of the pain, however, extended over a longer time. The rays were afterwards given antero-posteriorly with the eyes protected by a lead screen and similar results were obtained. The other cases were, therefore, treated in this way. The following table shows the results in the cases observed.


A study was undertaken to observe the blood parameters and carcass characteristics in broilers on feeding commercial probiotic preparations viz. Bacticide, G-probiotic and Improval @ 15g/50 birds in drinking water, 50g/100kg feed and 50g/100kg feed, respectively. The studies on blood parameters viz. blood glucose, serum protein and serum cholesterol revealed no significant difference on feeding of commercial probiotics. The carcass characteristics viz. Dressed weight, Eviscerated weight and Giblet weight were also showed no significant difference on feeding probiotic preparations with control groups. The experiment showed that probiotic feeding could not augment any appreciable change in all the blood parameters and carcass characteristics.


Using cock red cell DNA content as control,DNA contents from Carassius auratus in Long Lake were measured by flow cytometry. Then,the diploid and triploid C. auratus were discreted by T- bar tags technology and the morphological characters were studied. to provide the scientific basis for the genetic background and resource proliferation protection for them. The results showed the DNA contents of 42 C. auratus in Long Lake were close to 76,which accounted for 15. 85%(42 /265),and the contents for the other 223 fish were close to 110,which account for 84. 15%(223 /265); the DNA contentsed was 3. 83 pg / N for diploid C. auratus in Long Lake and 5. 38 pg / N for triploid. It was suggest that C. auratus in Long Lake was a mixed population composed of diploid and triploid fish. It was found that the number of lateral line scales could be served as reference index to distinguish the diploid and triploid C. auratus in Long Lake. The survival rate of T-bar tag- holding was 100% and the tag- shedding rate was 1. 13%.


The unusual dynamic conditions in estuaries cause their zooplankton distribution, as well as the zooplankton distribution in the adjacent sea, to be spatially and temporally heterogeneous. To investigate this heterogeneity in the adjacent sea of the Yellow River Estuary, zooplankton samples were collected from there in December 2012, April 2013, June 2013, and September 2013. The samples were collected using a plankton net with mesh size 0.160 mm, while during the four cruises, environmental parameters such as seawater temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a concentration were determined. Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the relationship between zooplankton abundance and various 网络出版时间:2016-06-13 15:44:50 网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2031.q.20160613.1544.054.html


The recovered dimension of "interactions between natural and human factors" and the reference to "perception of people" are the European Landscape Convention elements which have most contributed to the establishment of a reversal process of landscape perspectives currently taking place in Belgium and particularly in Wallonia. The Convention suggests to thlnk about another way to position themselves in relation to the landscape in order to review the fundamentals of landscape methods. The issues of perception and interaction no longer refer to the expression of a single actor (the designer or the legislator), but they evoke the need for a paradigm shift: leave the project vision imposed on the territory and promote a pluralistic and open project? integrating the perceptions and wishes of people who use and know the locations. This emerging dynamic is still encountering resistance from the practices of functional and fragmentary planning, which promote the persistence of a landscape heavily imbued with the values of languishing modernity. The stimulus ways opened, five years after the adoption of the Convention in the Walloon region, show the limits of a functionalist and regulatory thinking strongly rooted. Territory is still treated as an object to be analyzed in all its components in order to identify and arrange them according to a new order. Certainty and security obtained through landscape objectification has produced a culture and a professional practice that have difficulties in challenging the traditional methodologies. Although analytical, these methods are still very distant from the real materials and conditions. They are deprived of time and body dimension. People build territories to live. Bodies, located in physical spaces (built or not), maintain interrelationships, governed by diversified times . Landscape is inextricably linked to cyclical and variable relations intertwined between time and body. Relations that are continuous questioning the territory of today in order to understand how the destruction or reduction of body and time factors influence and affect vision, interpretation and, ultimately, landscape culture of people. Without a critical review of ordinary cultures, attempts to integrate people's perceptions in the landscape project process could be inconclusive. lf one considers that the practices of objectification, promoted and codified by the Walloon Region, are in operation since long enough to forge a fragmented territory, bequeathed to the people, mostly fuelled by a progressive culture and consumerism, we can reasonably question the direct questioning methods involving non-sensitized individuals. lndeed, the callfor contributions from people, more and more distant from their territory, may be a harmful primary process .Today, the so-called participatory procedures are increasingly being adopted or recommended, and landscape observatories complete the picture of the innovations that the region is trying to promote. The issue is also transposed to the question of multidisciplinary studies, which seem to become an incontrovertible evidence. However, the territory is changing constantly with no tangible results indicating a real paradigm shift. Cultures, both popular and professional, and management tools (project and control), although in phase of


In [1], a condition was sought on a commutative Noetherian ring R such that whenever R satisfied the condition and R was cyclically pure in an R-algebra S, then R was necessarily pure in S. Such a condition was found and turned out not only to be a sufficient condition but also a necessary condition. Rings satisfying this condition were called approximately Gorenstein. In this paper, we give new equivalent conditions for a ring to be approximately Gorenstein. Our conditions involve a certain metric topology defined on the lattice of ideals of a commutative Noetherian ring as well as the concept of a principal system. The notion of principal systems was defined in [9] and was suggested by Macaulay's theory of inverse systems [7]. These ideas have proved to be useful in many research probems in commutative algebra.


72% Streptomycin soluble powder was used to control konjac bacterial soft rot in the study. The control efficiency and yield of different treatments were investigated,and the benefit was analyzed. The control scheme against konjac bacterial soft rot was as follows: spraying 72% atreptomycinon twice on rotation fields after all the seedlings were strong and uniform,or irrigating roots with 72% atreptomycinon once and spraying twice on continuous cropping fields.


Given a large, real graph, how can we generate a synthetic graph that matches its properties, i.e., it has similar degree distribution, similar (small) diameter, similar spectrum, etc? We propose to use "Kronecker graphs", which naturally obey all of the above properties, and we present KronFit, a fast and scalable algorithm for fitting the Kronecker graph generation model to real networks. A naive approach to fitting would take super-exponential time. In contrast, KronFit takes linear time, by exploiting the structure of Kronecker product and by using sampling. Experiments on large real and synthetic graphs show that KronFit indeed mimics very well the patterns found in the target graphs. Once fitted, the model parameters and the resulting synthetic graphs can be used for anonymization, extrapolations, and graph summarization.


The current study examined the effect of story presentation rates on story recall performance in 35 individuals with Down syndrome and 3 control groups (35 mental age matched, 35 syntax comprehension matched, and 35 syntax production matched children). Three short audiotaped stories were presented to each individual at three different rates (normal, storyteller [slow with expressive inflections], and slow rate). The effect of group but not rate was significant. Individuals with Down syndrome recalled more content words than the production-matched group and the production-matched group recalled fewer content words than the mental age matched and comprehension-matched groups. The results were interpreted in relation to working memory deficits in individuals with Down syndrome, developmental change in story recall of typically developing children, and the contribution of syntax comprehension to story recall.


In 1901 (Swansea Memoir, p. 5; West Gower Memoir, p. 4) the Officers of the Geological Survey (R. H. Tiddeman and B. S. N. Wilkinson) discovered olive-coloured shales and mudstones in outcrops on Cefn Bryn, Gower. They considered these strata to be "succeeded naturally by Old Bed Sandstone", for the larger outcrop is bounded on the south by brown sandstones and quartz conglomerates dipping southwards at about 30 degrees. It was therefore natural that these beds, apparently obviously older than the contiguous Old Red Sandstone, should be referred to the Silurian. Tiddeman obtained fossils from the shales which were identified by E. T. Newton as "Rhynchonella (like R. nucula), Bellerophon (like B. murchisoni), Modiolopsis?, Chonetes sp., crinoid ossicles, and entomostraca". The evidence of the fossils thus seemed to confirm the conclusions made on the field evidence, though (as shown by the private records of the Geological Survey) Newton was doubtful of the precise age of the fossils and questioned their reference to the Ludlow.


The following is an account of a discussion on Post-War Building Studies No. 30, The Lighting of Office Buildings. Mr. P. V. Burnett, F.R.I.B.A. (Member), who was chairman of the committee responsible for the report, opened the discussion with the following brief summary of the report.


[Problem] To provide a rolled copper foil for which ease of handling is improved by moderately roughening the surface of the copper foil, and which has excellent flexibility and good surface etching characteristics. [Solution] For this rolled copper foil: in a state in which the rolled copper foil has a 60 DEG gloss (G60RD) at the surface, as measured parallel to the rolling direction, of 100 to 300, and is thermally refined to a recrystallized structure by heating for 30 minutes at 200 DEG C, the (200) plane diffraction intensity, obtained according to X-ray diffraction of the rolled surface, with respect to the (200) plane diffraction intensity (I0) obtained by X-ray diffraction of fine copper powder is 20 <= I/I0 <= 40; on three straight lines that are 175 mum long in the direction parallel to the rolling direction, and are at least 50 mum apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, at the surface of the copper foil, the ratio (d/t) of the average value (d) of the difference between the minimum height and the maximum height of each straight line in the thickness direction, which corresponds to the maximum depth of an oil pit, and the thickness (t) of the copper foil, is not more than 0.1; and the ratio (G60RD/G60TD) between the 60 DEG gloss (G60RD) at the surface, as measured parallel to the rolling direction, and a 60 DEG gloss (G60TD) at the surface, as measured perpendicular to the rolling direction, is less than 0.8.


In this paper , two ・di ensiQnal passive scalar diffusion field and non −isothermal flow field are stゆ ed by using the algebraic stress model (hereaft α abbreviated  ' as ASM ). In ASM , Reynolds stress (− u 、u 丿)and scalar fluk(u ,θ)are evaluated by the algebraic expression representation of transport equation for砺 and u ,θ. Therefore the results of the distribution f 碾 ヲand u 'θ in ASM are physically more reasonable than those given by the k一ε EVM . The differences of the distributions of velocity and scalar (temperature )between ASM and ん一ε are attributed to the dif. ferences of the evaluation 璃 and utθ. Key ω ortlS :r・・m air fl・W ! algebraic second−m 砌 翩 'losure(ASM 丿, h一ε turbulence m ・del, Passive scalar , non −tSothermal


The majority of older blind and visually impaired individuals in the world do not have opportunities to receive rehabilitation services. Many who do have the opportunity choose not to attend agencies "of" and "for" the blind because of assumed stigma or reluctance to acknowledge their disability. In both instances they are denied opportunities that may contribute to their increased independence and improved quality of life. The author proposes a broader concept of rehabilitation that encompasses an amoeba-like continuum of rehabilitation information strategies, responsive to the changing needs of consumers and the realities of different cultural, economic and environmental situations. The essential aim is to promote a "whole problem" approach to ensure improved access of rehabilitation-information to all visually handicapped persons.


This article describes recent experimental results for the dissociative electron impact ionization of the SiF4 and B2H6 molecules using the time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric technique. A detailed description of the experimental method is given. Complete sets of the absolute ionization cross sections for the formation of all ions from SiF4 and from B2H6 were determined with an overall uncertainty of ±15% in the energy range from threshold to 200 eV. Additional measurements using a sector‐field mass spectrometer revealed that fragment ions of SiF4 as well as of B2H6 are formed with significant excess kinetic energy.


Interference filter photographs were used to identify an arc of nebulosity that is coincident with the radio contours of the galactic supernova remnant G 126.2 + 1.6. Spectrophotometry of the filament shows that the emission line spectrum matches the spectra of other galactic supernova remnants. In particular, the arc shows the usual strong SII, and NII emission lines seen in other remnants and unusually strong OII emission as seen in a few remnants. The spectrum can be adequately matched by a shock of velocity near 100 km/s in an interstellar cloud of density 3. If the SNR is at a distance of 4.5 kpc as indicated by the radio signal-D relation, then the observed pressure in the filament requires an initial energy near 4 x 10 to the 51st power (d/4.5 kpc) to the 3rd power ergs.


This document should serve as a quick reference for and guide to the implementation of linear GQ($\lambda$), a gradient-based off-policy temporal-difference learning algorithm. Explanation of the intuition and theory behind the algorithm are provided elsewhere (e.g., Maei & Sutton 2010, Maei 2011). If you questions or concerns about the content in this document or the attached java code please email Adam White (email@example.com).
The code is provided as part of the source files in the arXiv submission.


common names suggested; for example, Betson's Anagallis would be recognisable as our Scarlet Pimpernel, not a synonym for Comfrey (Symphytum). However, Thomas Johnson, in the 1633 edition of John Gerard's herbal, gives a synonym for Comfrey of Alus gallicus related to the French use of the plant in leather tanning, which probably caused Betson's confusion. It seems likely that his and / or his source's (Bray) transcribing was inaccurate. Johnson is also equally clear that the sycomore should not be confused with the European sycamore. Unfortunately, the editors have accepted the insidious modern 'correction' of 'sycamore fig', rather than retaining the accurate Biblical sycomore. Similarly Adams and Forbes were unaware that smallpox was commonly known by its Latin name, variola(s). Betson's recipe for the use of rose water on the burning variola facial pustules was probably soothing, and may have helped prevent damage to the patient's eyes. These are only minor errors, but, sadly, the book suffers badly from poor proofreading and compilation. Apart from the 'typos', the illustrations have been inserted in the wrong place (instructions to the printer were retained), part of Appendix 3 is duplicated, Appendix 1 may be missing (p 33 n 36; p 213 n 1), the bibliography is incomplete and unaccountably some reference titles have found their way into the index. These errors should have been removed with proper proofreading and adherence to standard conventions. While these criticisms may appear to be unnecessary carping, these presentational and technical errors, in the view of this reviewer, undermine the otherwise careful and mostly accurate preparation of the text. Nonetheless, if the reader can overlook such shortcomings, they will be rewarded with much that is useful and worthwhile.


The chicken sample was extracted with ethyl acetate,defatted with n-hexane,re-extracted with ethyl acetate,and cleaned up by C18 Cartridge for Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE),the C18 Cartridge was eluted with methanol,then determined by HPLC.The retention time of thiamphenicol and florfenicol when determined simultaneously was 7.30 min and 17.60 min respectively.The average recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the analysis of all samples fortified over the range of 0.005 to 0.02 mg/kg were in the range of 65.84% to 81.18% and 5.6% to 13.2% (n=5),respectively.Good linearities were obtained in the concentration ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/L for TAP and FF.The limits of detection were 0.010 mg/kg for TAP and FF.


Competition policy is one important aspect of trade liberalization. However, when examining preferential trade agreements (PTAs), a major type of policy tools to liberalize trade, competition provisions are revealed not to be uniformly distributed across these treaties. What explains the variation in the design of competition clauses in PTAs? Borrowing insights from the rational design of international institutions and combining them with those from treaty ratification and policy diffusion literatures, I identify five major causal mechanisms through which competition provisions are incorporated into PTAs. In evaluating them, I employ a range of operationalization techniques to capture the proposed mechanisms. A treaty-level analysis of 319 PTAs over the period 1960–2015 lends strong and robust support to most of the hypothesized relationships. By integrating theoretical frameworks across international political economy literatures with that from law and economics scholarship, this study demonstrates the utility of political science thinking to the real-world international law-making.


We report on two cases of the stenotic kinking of the internal carotid artery (ICA). One case is a 63-year-old female who experienced a transient ischemic attack of the right hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed lacunar infarction at the left basal ganglia and angiography showed a stenotic kinking of the left ICA. Since there was a localized atheromatous plaque in the ICA as an operative finding, and considering that it was the cause of kinking, we performed carotid endarterectomy and primary closure. After the operation, the stenotic kinking was improved. Another case is a 65-year-old man who had progressive mild weakness of the right upper extremity. MRI showed a spotty infarction at the parietal lobe and angiography showed a severe stenotic kinking of the left ICA. Although atherosclerotic change was slight, the kinking caused by elongation and the narrowing of the ICA were severe as operative findings. Angioplasty using synthetic patch improved the stenotic kinking. Pathophysiological findings of the kinking of the ICA are various and may cause hemodynamic or thromboembolic events. Meanwhile, there are several surgical methods of treating kinking. The status of the kinking of each case must be considered and the most adequate surgical method selected.


Introduction:
 Contrast agents in echocardiography are used frequently to enhance endocardial border visualization and assessment of structural heart disease. Sulfur hexafluoride lipid type A injectable suspension is a generally well-tolerated class of contrast. Anaphylaxis to these agents is exceedingly rare. We now report the first case of acute coronary syndrome in the setting of echo contrast anaphylactic shock.

 Case:
 A 49-year-old woman was hospitalized for an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for which a drug-eluting stent had been placed in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). An echocardiogram was performed to evaluate for structural heart disease. Shortly after administration of echo contrast the patient developed sudden-onset tachypnea and suffered a pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest. She was treated for anaphylactic shock with epinephrine and high-dose steroids and achieved return of spontaneous circulation. Following the arrest an electrocardiogram revealed an anterolateral STEMI. The patient immediately underwent repeat angiography which revealed a 100% in-stent thrombosis of the LAD. The occlusion was successfully revascularized with a drug eluting stent with an Impella CP (Abiomed, Danvers MA) support. Subsequent laboratory exam demonstrated an elevated blood tryptase level consistent with an anaphylactic event.

 Discussion:
 We present a unique case of anaphylactic shock with acute coronary syndrome following administration of sulfur hexafluoride echo contrast. The incidence of anaphylaxis to echo contrast is less than one per million, and therefore it may not be immediately recognized as a mechanism of shock. Any prior reactions to polyethylene glycol should be noted before using these agents as this ingredient is thought to be the cause of anaphylaxis. In our case, diagnosis of anaphylaxis was confirmed by measuring the serum tryptase level. Tryptase is released from mast cells during allergic events, so this laboratory test with high specificity for anaphylaxis can be a useful tool in challenging cases such as this. Additionally, mast cell and platelet activation secondary to anaphylaxis may be an important mechanism of acute coronary syndrome with in-stent thrombosis.


The cross section for photodisintegration is calculated assuming the Siegert theorem to be valid. The neutron and proton wave functions are obtained by integrating the Schrodinger equation. Potentials given by Gammel and Thaler are employed in both the ground state of the deuteron and in the final state. Results for the cross section obtained with retardation differ only slightly from those in which it is neglected. Final results for the cross section give a value slightly smaller than the experimental one, but do not seem to indicate that a modification in the radiative interaction is necessary.


The article deals with the research conducted to study Daghestan students' attitude to starting a family and to investigate medical, social, psychological and pedagogical conditions of the country that are conducive to young people' being ready for marriage and family life and parental responsibilities.


Electropolishing (EP) is one of the best methods of Nb surface finishing of the superconducting cavity to obtain high accelerating gradient. In the EP process, mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid is generally used. But this solution is very dangerous in the operation. Furthermore, all equipment must be made of high density polyethylene or fluorocarbon resin because the corrosion of the metal occurs by hydrofluoric acid. These are the reasons why the cost of EP process and instrument become very expensive. In addition, this solution produces sulfur compound on the Nb surface in the EP reaction. This sulfur compound can be field-emission sources on the inner surface of cavity and degrades acceleration performance. In this article, we report a novel EP method using periodic reverse current and sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction produces no sulfur content and the equipment is less expensive because the instrument can be made of usual plastic material. As the result of experiments with Nb-coupon samples, we found that the surface roughness is equivalent to the conventional EP method.


advanced to explain Graves's disease?(1) Haemic theory, that the disease is due to an alteration in some of the constituent elements of the blood; (2) neurogenic, to a lesion in the medulla, or in vagus or sympathetic nerves; (3) thyrogenic, to over-action of the thyroid gland. It is the third which at present is in vogue, and according to this theory there is not only an increase of the thyroid gland and of its secretion, but also a qualitative change in this secretion.


Electricity plays a fundamental role since its comercial use began in the energy sector. This article intends to analyze the different stages, which can be seen in the evolution of the electricity sector in the period between World War II and today. In a first phase, a phase in which a strong state intervention occurs in the sector, in some countries nationalization is observed. Subsequently, a process starts in the opposite direction, with a significant trend towards liberalization and some countries have problems carrying out this process. This difficulty can be seen in the case of Spain, with frequent changes in the legal regulation of the sector. In the member countries of the European Union, the influence of EU legislation on the sector's development in recent decades should be noted. Some posible future developments are also described.


Based on semiempirical generalized embedded atom method (GEAM), we carried out molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations to study the structural properties of FeCo and FeNi nanoparticles. It is found that these two kinds of nanoparticles possess a new stable quasicore-shell structure, no matter whether they are in molten or condensed state and whether they are prepared by annealing or quenching. In FeCo (FeNi) nanoparticles of various sizes and atom compositions, the quasicore-shell structure is always preferred, with the shell formed only by Fe atoms and the core formed by randomly distributed Co(Ni) and Fe atoms. We have also investigated the formation mechanism of the quasicore-shell structure by energy difference analysis of the pure and doped icosahedra structure of FeCo and FeNi nanoparticles.


There has been much research on stochastic models that have a well defined, specific structure — for example, Markov chains, Gaussian processes, or linear models, including ARMA (autoregressive – moving average) models. However, it became clear in the middle of the last century that there was a need for a theory of statistical inference (e.g. central limit theory) that could be used in the analysis of time series that did not seem to "fit" any such specific structure but which did seem to have some "asymptotic independence" properties. That motivated the development of a broad theory of "strong mixing conditions" to handle such situations. This note is a brief description of that theory.


One of the most complex reservoir structures in Kuwait is the Mishrif reservoir in the Minagish field of western Kuwait. This depleted reservoir is composed of multiple heavily faulted compartments, each trending in different directions and with varying depth extensions. Earlier production was heavily dependent on these faults. Of late, a dynamic change in approach is under study to maximize the sustained oil production.
 Recent findings from multiple openhole horizontal laterals crossing Mishrif using production logging tools and dynamic temperature survey enabled identification of some major faults as thief zones and not contributing to production. In extreme cases, mechanical isolation is necessary to overcome the losses and allow the well to produce. An openhole multistage completion (MSC) with extensive packer placement was deployed in a well in the central geographic area of the Mishrif crossing multiple faults and natural fractures. This was to study and to maximize the production potential after hydraulic acid fracturing. The combination of appropriate logging analysis, completion design, and hydraulic acid fracturing design were all key to the well production success.
 The subject well is the first MSC with the faults mechanically isolated and the production relying on the fractures. All stages were completed in a record 5 days with multiple onsite decisions to control the fluid leakoff during the treatments. Due to the degradable balls with the MSC, milling operation was not required. The stabilized production result of approximately 800 BOPD achieved the target.
 The dynamic changes in production over time can cause a complete shift in reservoir development strategy for the Mishrif reservoir. This is particularly due to the reservoir being highly faulted, complex, tight carbonate and highly depleted in nature. This paper describes the strategies used in multiple wells that led to a successful design and completion of the subject well.


The synchronous generators have a natural different time scale dynamics. That is why for modeling and control design in such systems the methods of singular perturbations are widely used. In this paper a sliding mode observer-based control design for synchronous generators are designed. The proposed controller and observer designs are simple and systematic, and are based on a combination of singular perturbation, block control feedback linearization and sliding mode control techniques. Applicability of the approach is tested via simulations.


This article discusses the features of professional activity ambulance personnelin modern conditions of its execution. Presents the results of a study of burnout syndrome, depending on the level of development of emotional intelligence from ambulance officers.


Although fluorescence light microscopy has made considerable progress in improving resolution over the past decade, measuring the size of specific domains of the human genome with high precision in 3-D conserved cell nuclei remains a challenge. The chromatin in the cell nucleus is not randomly organized. Specific fluorescence DNA probes and 3-D fluorescence microscopy have shown that the cell nucleus comprises distinct chromosome territories and subchromosomal domains (e.g., telomeres, centromeres, replication units, band domains, transcription units) organized in a hierarchy. The architecture of these elements depends on their size and their functional activity. Computer simulations of chromatinand nuclear elements suggest that chromatin compaction of genes depends on their activity and accessibility for macromolecules. Further investigations require novel nanotechnology techniques. Recent experimental data indicate that gene activity is correlated to changes in the chro-matin compaction and structure of individual genes in dimensions considerably beyond light microscopy's Abbe resolution limit.


This tendency is reinforced by increasing globalization and the consequent international interdependence of defence production. It is in this sense that the logic of the book leads to an alternative answer to the question posed by the authors: no, a specifically designated defence industrial base is not needed, but this need not mean the end of the capacity to produce defence goods, either for national purposes or for export. Rather, it means recognition of the fact that the lines which previously delimited the defence industrial sector from the rest of the industrial economy are becoming increasingly blurred. (The authors acknowledge that the Canadian defence industry is already primarily civilian in its orientation.) More generally, it means that the entire industrial sector becomes in effect the defence industrial base. It means, too, that with no specially identified defence production sector, there is no requirement for protectionism, preferential procurement and research and development subsidies, all of which are in any event becoming increasingly proscribed as the international trading regime lurches towards more and more openness. Most importantly, it means that weapons procurement can take place on a more competitive basis, and that those military capabilities which are legitimately required will be acquired at something approaching minimum cost to the besieged taxpayer.


This is a talk by Martha Krebs (director of energy research at the U.S. Department of Energy). Funding priorities and the current budget constraints at the Department of Energy are discussed.


It is well known that a balanced nutrition that is supplying the proper amount of minerals is absolutely essential for the development of the brain, maintenance of a normal cognitive function, as well as a major influencing factor of the behavior. This fact is even more important in the school‐aged children but little has been studied on the extent in which the mineral deficiencies might actually influence academic performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measure in which some minerals our students being more often deficient in (especially Zn and Fe, in this particular region of Thailand) affect the academic performance.


Postprandial hyperlipidemia is a potent risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease and is associated with the consumption of high-fat diets and with obesity. Bariatric surgeries result in more robust, durable weight loss than dieting. These surgeries are also associated with multiple metabolic improvements, including reduced plasma lipid levels. We sought to determine whether the beneficial effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) on plasma lipid levels are weight-independent. Compared with either obese or lean (pair-fed) sham-operated controls fed a high-fat diet (HFD), HFD-fed VSG animals had much lower levels of plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids after a 4-hour fast. Plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, phospholipid, and non-esterified fatty acid levels were comparable for VSG and chow-fed animals. These differences were less dramatic after long periods of fasting, leading us to the hypothesis that VSG's main effect on lipid homeostasis is postprandial. We used injections of the lipase inhibitor poloxamer 407 alone or prior to an oral lipid gavage to approximate hepatic and intestinal triglyceride secretion, respectively. We report that while hepatic triglyceride secretion in fasted animals is unaffected by VSG, animals who have had this surgery display a marked, weight-independent reduction in intestinal triglyceride secretion. VSG also did not affect hepatic lipid storage, weight, or triglyceride secretion. Hepatic gene expression studies revealed no significant changes. Use of a C-riolein-enriched olive oil gavage in the presence of poloxamer revealed no significant changes to postprandial intestinal lipid uptake. We did not observe any changes to total intestinal lipid storage or to the expression of intestinal target genes known to control triglyceride metabolism and synthesis. These data reveal an important effect of VSG to produce strong, weight-independent reductions to postprandial plasma lipids. Here, we show Stefater, Margaret A. 69 that this effect is due to reduced intestinal triglyceride secretion following ingestion of a lipid meal. We speculate that this effect may be due to smaller meal size in VSG-operated animals.


Kartini Reactor is research reactor type that was built in 1979 and operate until currently. Over time, reactors undergo ageing that decrease of the reactor's performance. One of the important components on Kartini Reactor is Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger (HE) that functions to remove heat generated by the reaction in the reactor to the environment that undergo decrease performance that indicated with fouling mechanism. Efforts to mitigate aging carried out by maintenance program. However, maintenance data of HE too limited, so for determine performance of HE with using pressure drop data. Additionally, pressure drop would correlate as capital cost function and it carried out optimization to found operation HE is efficient or not.Kartini Reactor is research reactor type that was built in 1979 and operate until currently. Over time, reactors undergo ageing that decrease of the reactor's performance. One of the important components on Kartini Reactor is Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger (HE) that functions to remove heat generated by the reaction in the reactor to the environment that undergo decrease performance that indicated with fouling mechanism. Efforts to mitigate aging carried out by maintenance program. However, maintenance data of HE too limited, so for determine performance of HE with using pressure drop data. Additionally, pressure drop would correlate as capital cost function and it carried out optimization to found operation HE is efficient or not.


ABSTRACT With problem-oriented approaches to practice, policy and research, youth considered to be 'at-risk' are not often viewed from a strengths-based perspective. Explorations of youths' strengths are critical to help create environments where youth can flourish. The purpose of this research was to explore the resilience, healthy capabilities and strengths of youth at risk; from youth and staff perspectives across three community-based organizations in Western Canada. Through 17 interviews analyzed using hermeneutics, and further interpretation using metaphor development, stories arose of a journey progressing from loss and despair to fostering hope. The importance of youth having a voice and being included in decision-making was both a strength and a way of building strengths in youth. Multiple-level recommendations to help mediate the challenges and systems failures identified in these youths' journeys were identified; with an end goal of creating healthier futures for youth and a society in which they feel they belong.