As an important direction of Industry 4.0, cyberphysical machine tool systems (CPMTS) can realize the deep integration and real-time interaction of physical components and information to optimize manufacturing processes. Wireless sensor network (WSN), an important part of CPMTS, is responsible for data collection and transmission. However, in the process of data transmission, due to memory limitations and noise interference, unreasonable sensor distribution will affect the performance of CPMTS. At the same time, data accuracy will be affected due to the resource constraints of CPMTS. To solve the problems above, this paper firstly presented a single-station transfer model to ensure the layout of sensors in each sink, which can meet the detection capability of fault/monitoring data. Then, by using fuzzy graphs, a multihop-station transfer model and data-collecting model are developed to describe the data flow and memory allocation in the wireless network. Taking noise interference and data position into consideration, a MILP problem is formulated and the optimization solution is obtained by using the "branch and bound" method. Finally, case studies about optimal sensor distribution on the single station and path optimization on the multihop station are presented to illustrate the proposed strategy. The case studies validated that the proposed sensor distribution in a single station can achieve higher detectability with fewer resources, and the optimization path strategy can achieve the best performance in two proposed experiments, compared to the shortest path and noninferior path strategies.


Under high uncertainty circumstance, valuating the intangible assets of biotech companies is a vital task. This study explores indicators and standards for measuring the intellectual capital (IC) of a sub-biotech industry, biopharmaceuticals, in Taiwan. The methodology of measurement construction was used to generate innovative indicators and standards for IC measurement. Forty nine items in three IC dimensions, including human capital, structural capital and relational capital, were constructed based on interviews with 20 CEOs or senior managers in biopharmaceutical companies. The measurement was found to be different for companies at different developmental stages and has potential for longitudinal use.


Objective To establish a new determination method for the measuring of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) with p-acetyl phenyl phosphace (PAP-PNa_2) as substrate.Methods With the help of Vital semiautomatic analyzer,researched a continuous-monitoring procedure and set up experimental parameters.Results When using this assay,the wavelength of PAP's absorption was 325 nm and the Km of ALP was 0.376 mmol/L.The molecular extinction coefficient of PAP at 340 nm was 23 390 L·mol~(-1)· cm~(-1) and the concentration of citrate buffer was 0.438 mol/L.During the process,we found that the optimum pH of enzyme was 10.4,and the concentration of substrate was 5.0 mmol/L.The time of linear reaction was 900 seconds,and the linear range was 0-1 110 U/L.Serum total ALP were 63.1-118.3 U/ L(male) and 52.5-89.0 U/L(female),based on results from 60 heath adults.Conclusions The method is practical in its repetition and convenience,saves time and is not liable to be affected by bilirubin in serum.It is especially suited to the use of automatic analyzers.


The titled polymers are prepared from acrylamide(AM) and N alkylphenylacrylamide(BBAM) through radical micellar polymerization in aqueous media. For four copolymer samples denoted as PABA 1, 2, 3, and 4 with BBAM content 0.1,0.2,0.5, and 0.7 mol%, respectively, [ η ] values and Huggins constant K H values in 1 mol/L NaNO 3 aqueous solution at 30℃ are determined and the apparent viscosity concentration relationship in distilled water and in 0.342 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution at 25℃ and 19.2 s -1 is constructed; the apparent viscosity in distilled water as influenced by inorganic salts(NaCl and CaCl 2) and surfactant(SDS) added and by shearing at different rates(5—100 s -1 ) over 10 minutes are also investigated for one or other copolymer in every case. The experimental results obtained are discussed in terms of hydrophobical association. It is shown that ①the apparent viscosity of copolymer solutions increases notably with increasing copolymer concentration above a critical value;②the higher the BBAM content in a copolymer, the more the enhancement in viscosity of its solutions; ③PAPB copolymers are tolerant to salts.


FIELD: oil and gas production. SUBSTANCE: disclosed group of inventions refers to method and installation for logging of wells. The well installation consists of an elongated pipe assembled in well. Also the pipe has an elongated groove formed on its exterior surface along lengthwise axis. A component fits in and is installed in the groove. A protecting element arranged in the groove slides in it to a specified position; also the protecting element covers the installed component. The sliding protecting element and installed component are held in the groove with the structure of the holder with usage of minimal number of tooling. EFFECT: upgraded accuracy of measurement due to decreased influence of faults caused with features of installation of measuring components of sound. 19 cl, 27 dwg


In 1883, the gamelan, village, and socio-cultural activities of the Dutch East Indies were publicly displayed directly at the De Internationale Koloniale en Uitvoerhandel Tentoonstelling event in Amsterdam. The Dutch East Indies, represented by a group from Parakan Salak, Sukabumi - West Java introduced colonial land cultural entities for six months.Even though they had to deal with the ethnocentrism view that is still strong in European society.However, the performance was carried out by them as good as possible. Their success was accepted by Amsterdam people when there was an eruption of Mount Krakatoa in the Dutch East Indies. The European community and the group of Parakan Salak work together to raise funds for Mount Krakatoa victim.One of them was through a charity performance that presents gamelan and dances.The existence of the art of the colonial land community was able to gather unity to achieve a single goal, there was no more caste differences, between the colonialist and the people of the colony. All are united in the name of humanity.


Abstract. Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is a hormone-dependent benign tumor of uterus. Social significance of UL is stipulated by its high rate among fertile females. Scarce data exist about the impact of cytokines in UL progression. Th1/Th2 paradigm is one of crucial points in modern immunology. Evaluation of cytokines involved into either type of immune response is of special significance for studying the diseases accompanied by the changes of extracellular matrix, e.g., leiomyomas. In present study, we analyzed peritoneal fluids from UL patients, with multiplex detection of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF, IFN-γ and TNF-α (Th1/Th2 panel), by means of a Bio-Plex® instrument (Bio-Rad, USA). Twenty-seven patients were observed in our study (20 patients with UL, and 7 myoma-free women (a group of comparison). The mean age of the patients was 43.5±0.6 years. The duration of UL ranged from 0 to 18 years. As a result, the levels of IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ and TNF-α in patients with long-existing UL (over 5 years) were significantly higher (p<0,05) than in group with a disease story of <5 years. IFN-γ values in peritoneal fluid patients with UL did inversely correlate with uterine size. Moreover, the levels of IFN-γ in patients with smaller uterine volume (<8 weeks of pregnancy) were increased in relation to the group with larger tumor size. IL-10 contents were increased in the patients with adenomyosis, rapid and slow growth of UL, and in both types of tumor (simple and proliferative). Increased IL-5 levels were observed in the patients with single tumor nodules (as related to the patients bearing multiple nodes, and comparison group). Furthermore, intramural and subserosal location of nodes was characterized by increased levels of IL-5. In the patients free of adenomyosis, IL-5 value was increased against the comparison group. The changes in IL-2, IL-4, IL-12 and IL-13 levels in patients with UL were not statistically significant.


In order to improve the performance of linear rolling guide on different machining condition, a guide performance degradation model based on dynamic fuzzy neural network (DFNN) was proposed to predict guide life after considering a variety of factors to guide's motion precision and wear status in this paper. The vibration signals from linear rolling guide were processed by time domain analysis and the wavelet packet transformation, the most sensitive features to guide's performance were selected as the input vector of model by analyzing changing trend, the nonlinear relation between features and guide life was built by DFNN which parameters were acquired by on-line training, the actual residual life of linear rolling guide was gotten by comparing with the rated life under different machining conditions. The experimental results show that the model can accurately predict the dynamic life of the guide of the CNC machine tool feed drive system effectively. It is conducive to the maintenance of guide.


Partial sequence matching self-synchronization scheme is a new FH self-synchronization scheme.In FH working status,the receiver gets some characterized transmitting sequence with few of branches,which will be matched with local hopping sequence.The phase difference between the receiver and the transmitter can be calculated,which is adjusted to make system synchronization.The principle description of partial sequence matching self-synchronization scheme is given and this scheme designed.The scheme performance is analyzed in Gaussian white noise environment.The results show that,this scheme makes system hold synchronization and late entry synchronization without any synchronization lead code and service frequency,and it has a strong anti-reconnaissance and anti-jamming capability.


Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a key indicator to evaluate the risk and status of glaucoma, which is one of the main causes of irreversible blindness. However, the IOP value is susceptible to circadian changes and is difficult to be measured real−time. In this paper, we designed a thin−film integrated optical IOP sensor based on the interferometry principle, which could read out the IOP value by interference patterns and monitor the value changes real−time at the same time. The theoretical and experimental results indicated that our sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 0.19 μm/mmHg and an average accuracy of 0.84 mmHg over the pressure range of 0–45 mmHg, which is comparable with the other reported optical systems but with the advantage of easier fabrication process and low−cost. Our sensor device implies great potential in the application of human physiological index measurement and other chip−integrated medical sensing instruments.


Pain in the small of the back is a complaint which brings many, especially otherwise healthy adult males, to the outpatient room. The exciting cause is apparently in the majority of cases exposure to damp and cold. Three classes of cases may be distinguished?those of rheumatic myalgia, rheumatic neuritis, and renal pain associated with hyperacidity of the urine?and if the differential diagnosis be made, it is found that treatment is thereby much simplified and restoration to health more readily brought about. The patients of the third class complain of a dull aching pain in the lumbar region on both sides. The pain, which is constant and not made worse by movement, is not confined to the lumbar region ; it extends forwards round the trunk into the groins, and occasionally into the testes. The patient generally complains of scalding during micturition, and the urine, which is quite clear on first being passed, is very acid in reaction and


When a virtual sound source for 3D auditory system is reproduced by a linear loudspeaker array, listeners can perceive not only the direction of the source, but also its distance. Control over perceived distance has often been implemented via the adjustment of various acoustic parameters, such as loudness, spectrum change, and the direct-to-reverberant energy ratio; however, there is a neglected yet powerful cue to the distance of a nearby virtual sound source that can be manipulated for sources that are positioned away from the listener's median plane. This paper address the problem of generating binaural signals for moving sources in closed or in open environments. The proposed perceptual enhancement algorithm composed of three main parts is developed: propagation, reverberation and the effect of the head, torso and pinna. For propagation the effect of attenuation due to distance and molecular air-absorption is considered. Related to the interaction of sounds with the environment, especially in closed environments is reverberation. The effects of the head, torso and pinna on signals that arrive at the listener are also objectives of the consideration. The set of HRTF that have been used to simulate the virtual sound source environment for 3D auditory system. Special attention has been given to the modelling and interpolation of HRTFs for the generation of new transfer functions and definition of trajectories, definition of closed environment, etc. also be considered for their inclusion in the program to achieve realistic binaural renderings. The evaluation is implemented in MATLAB.


At 19,019 miles, winding through seventeen different countries, the Pan American Highway holds the Guinness Book of World Record as the longest motorable road in the world. As it turns south from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, to Ushuaia, Argentina, the road passes through arctic tundra, boreal forests, prairies, arid deserts, and mountains. In Costa Rica, the highway climbs to almost eleven thousand feet before traversing the "Summit of Death." Undeterred, it continues across rivers and dense tropical jungle before abruptly stopping deep in the Darien province of Panama. From here, the only way south is by water or air, until starting up again in Colombia.


uneven quality, variation in writing style, and the problem of overall integration. The two editors provide a brief introduction and a longer, excellently-written, concluding chapter to the eight pairs of essays (on traditional society, environmental and foreign contributions, economic growth, education, mass media, civil bureaucracy, the military role, and party leadership). Readers would do well to delve into the superb concluding chapter both before and after reading the individual papers. Few of the chapters on the two nations make explicit comparisons, but few readers will be equally interested in or informed about both Japan and Turkey. Would not Germany or China have been a better comparison with Japan? The editor's choice of Turkey was debatable, as some contributors imply by citing other national experiences. Ward and Rustow, however, posit two sets of variables which apply to the case studies and all other developing nations: (a) the relatively fixed givens of geographic, past cultural, and external forces, and (b) factors more amenable to leadership choice, including the nature of elite recruitment, economic policy choices, and social manipulation. Japan was more favored than Turkey on almost all these points, but its example cannot be followed blindly by Asian, African, or Latin American states today. The given factors, and contemporary world conditions lead the authors to abjure any simplistic model theory.


This work a 20 X 35 X 0.8 mm3 rectangular polarization reconfigurable antenna with four slots made at the corners of the patch. These four slots give the appropriate extra modes for circular polarization. Switching between LP and CP can be achieved using a PIN diode which is inserted across an L-shaped slit in the plane of the ground. The designed antenna is optimized and analyzed through simulations. The axial ratio (< 3 dB) bandwidth and impedance bandwidth (< -10 dB) are overlapped from 5.15 to 6.25 GHz (19.3%). The prototype antenna is tested for both states of the diode (forward and reverse bias). The working band covers the wireless local area network (IEEE 802.11a) band (5150 – 5350 MHz, 5725 – 5825 MHz) and HIPERLAN band (5450 – 5725 MHz) and a favorable compromise between simulated and tested outcomes. The omnidirectional radiation diagrams of the antenna are suitable for wireless portable medical devices.


'The Government are concerned that employers should increase their support for further education by making full use of all its facilities, particularly those offered part‐time — not only for employees in initial training but for those over 18 in need of up‐dating and retraining', reads the new White Paper, Education: A Framework for Expansion. 'In this context,' it continues, 'plans are far advanced to give effect to the recommendations of the Haslegrave Committee on the organisation of technician courses.'


Collision threat is becoming a serious problem since the amount of space debris increases fast recently. Besides, the detective capabilities are enhanced year by year. Thus calculation time cost on orbital data processing and close approach analysis gets much longer. Single processor cannot meet the requirements to keep the analysis results up to date. We review the procedure of close approach analysis and its time cost on single processor computer, and introduce several methods we've adopted to boost up the entire procedure. Finally we show a system of parallel computing environment on a high performance computer realized in National Astronomical Observatory for the purpose of collision risk assessment.


Process injection attacks are widely used in various malicious software because of its invisibility. In this paper we summarize the commonness of several common process injection methods and use a dynamic memory detection method to monitor the process in real time to judge whether it suffers from process injection attacks. The evaluation results show that the defection is effective for process injection attacks.


and it includes a nice discussion of policy responsiveness and political incorporation. While scholars familiar with Hanna Pitkin's work on descriptive versus substantive representation (e.g., see The Concept of Representation, 1972) may take issue with the use of descriptive to cover electoral, representational, and policy-based representation (rather than demographic characteristics), the treatment is illuminating and serves as an excellent conceptual framework for the data not only in the Ramirez and Fraga piece but also in the volume as a whole. It is inevitable, given the topic of the book, that some facts will be out of date almost as soon as they are committed to print—demographic statistics, for example, are changing faster than we can analyze them. The authors deserve considerable credit for timely analyses using current data sets (or in such cases as the census, as current as possible). That said, there are a few instances where stylistic changes could have helped preserve the volume's shelf life and assisted the flow between sections. For example, slightly dated statements such as "the current speaker of the California state assembly is Fabian Nunez" (p. 62) became particularly noticeable when the next essay makes reference to "the ascent of Karen Bass, an African-American woman, to Assembly speaker in 2008" (p. 96). Melina Abdullah and Regina Freer bring the literary and pedagogical theory of womanism to bear on the political incorporation of blacks in California. While offering interesting insights on the role of a leader in a community movement, and on the history of black politics in Oakland and Los Angeles, the chapter could more precisely have defined womanist theory. For example, what differentiates a "community connected" leader from "more traditional trajectories that embrace personal ambition, nepotism and endorsements" (p. 114) beyond selfdesignation? More specifically, is Karen Bass an activist (womanist or otherwise) and not a "typical" politician merely because she claims the moniker? Or is there something tangible about her policy goals or leadership that earns her this title? If the latter, the authors could have presented this evidence more concretely. That said, I appreciated the explicit treatment of the role of women of color, and the attempt to apply womanist theory in a political context. Three essays, "Labor, Minorities and Voter Initiatives" (Kenneth C. Burt), "Initiatives as Catalysts for Racial Politics and Demographic Change" (Terry Christensen and Larry N. Gerston), and "Demographic Change and the Politics of Education in California" (Belinda L. Reyes), consider the combustible intersections of racial politics and imitative politics in a state where whites are no longer a majority of the population but are still the dominant force in the electorate. The Christensen and Gerson essay, in particular, does a nice job taking us beyond the traditional trifecta of Propositions 187, 209, and 227 by giving some historical context with earlier measures, such as an initiative designating English the official state language (Proposition 63) from 1986. Given the recent frequency with which voters (including those in California) have rejected marriage equality for gays and lesbians through plebiscites, the issue of minority rights being subject to approval at the ballot box is timely indeed. On the whole, these volumes are rich, engaging, and illuminating. Scholars of California politics should consider them required reading, but scholars of state politics, racial and ethnic politics, and urban politics more generally would also find them of interest.


Device‐quality Hg1−xCdxTe (0.2≤x≤0.35) epitaxial layers have been grown on CdTe substrates by open‐tube isothermal vapor phase epitaxy (ISOVPE). The surface morphology of the layers is mirrorlike, and the Hall data are comparable to those for HgCdTe grown by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). Photovoltaic devices with a cutoff wavelength of 4.1 μm at 77 K were fabricated on an ISOVPE HgCdTe epilayer. Their performance is comparable with those that we have obtained for such devices fabricated on LPE HgCdTe epilayers.


The internationalizing trend of our country through the XXIVth
Olympiad in Seoul expects to be noticed from the third nations
and the advanced nations.
So on the rising problem in our society is a role of high
technical manpower by specialization.
And so this study reilluminates about education of architectural
and urban planning graduate school of our education in the
presence of 21 centry.
Therefore this study considers about establishment and plan of
architedtural and urban planning graduate school of our country
through comparative analyzing about education of architectural
and urban planning graduate school of America.


In terms of the feature of infrared images that the background around the object is always even,a novel segmentation method based on background information has been proposed in this paper.Firstly the position of the object was detected using local entropy information.And then a region of interest which contained the object was produced.At last the method using region growing based on histogram searching segmented the target efficiently by extracting the background of the region of interest(ROI) instead of the target itself.In order to reduce the computation cost,the method was used in the histogram of ROI.Experimental result shows that the method can effectively and integrally extract the target in the infrared image.


Engineering and Design RUNOFF FROM SNOWMELT 1. Purpose . The purpose of this manual is to provide guidance for computing basin snowmelt runoff as is necessary in the design and operation of USACE water control projects. 2. Applicability . This manual applies to all USACE Commands having responsibility for design of civil works projects. 3. Distribution Statement . Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited. FOR THE COMMANDER:


Critical review of a recent paper in which Denison, Stevenson, and Fox (1971) discussed the sources of spectral broadening in the laser Doppler velocimeter. It is pointed out that, in their discussion, the above-mentioned authors indicated that the spread in wave vectors of the incident and detected fields and the finite length of time a scattering center stayed in the sample volume each contributed separately and independently to the observed spectral width of the scattered radiation. This statement is termed incorrect, and it is shown that the two effects are one and the same.


This work presents algorithms for the design phase of flexible grid optical networks considering the impact of in-band channel crosstalk. Due to crosstalk-induced interactions among different connections, malicious high-power signals can potentially spread widely in the network. Moreover, crosstalk interactions also affect the signal quality of transmission. To this end, it is necessary to plan an optical network in a way that the crosstalk effect is minimized. In this work, a novel Routing and Spectrum Allocation (RSA) optimization algorithm based on Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is proposed in order to minimize the impact of the in-band crosstalk effect in flexible grid optical networks through proper utilization of the resources. Additionally, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to handle larger network instances. Performance results indicate that the proposed algorithms perform close to the First Fit spectrum allocation algorithm in terms of total spectrum utilization of the network, while at the same time minimizing the total number of in-band lightpath interactions.


The ELEVATE-RR primary analysis demonstrated noninferior progression-free survival and lower incidence of key adverse events (AEs) with acalabrutinib vs ibrutinib in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We further characterize AEs of acalabrutinib and ibrutinib via post hoc analysis. Overall and exposure-adjusted incidence rate was assessed for the most common Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor-associated AEs and for selected events of clinical interest (ECIs). AE burden scores based on previously published methodology were calculated for AEs overall and selected ECIs. Safety analyses included 529 patients (acalabrutinib, n=266; ibrutinib, n=263). Among the most common AEs, incidences of any-grade diarrhea, arthralgia, urinary tract infection, back pain, muscle spasms, and dyspepsia were higher with ibrutinib (P < .05), with 1.5-4.1-fold higher exposure-adjusted incidence rates. Incidences of headache and cough were higher with acalabrutinib (P < .05), with 1.6- and 1.2-fold higher exposure-adjusted incidence rate, respectively. Among ECIs, incidences of any-grade atrial fibrillation/flutter, hypertension, and bleeding were higher with ibrutinib (P < .05), as were exposure-adjusted incidence rates (2.0-, 2.8-, and 1.6-fold, respectively); incidences of cardiac events overall (MedDRA system organ class) and infections were similar between arms. Rate of discontinuation due to AEs was lower for acalabrutinib (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.93). AE burden score was higher for ibrutinib vs acalabrutinib overall and for the ECIs atrial fibrillation/flutter, hypertension, and bleeding (P < .05). A limitation of this analysis is its open-label study design, which may influence the reporting of more subjective AEs. Overall, event-based analyses and AE burden scores demonstrated higher AE burden overall and specifically for atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and hemorrhage with ibrutinib vs acalabrutinib.


We demonstrate for the first time the phase-error compensation for a 20-GHz-spacing InP AWG with electro-optic phase shifters placed on 42 arrayed waveguides. The experiment results show successful phase control and 6-dB reduction of crosstalk.


2021 Compression and encryption of speech signals are essential multimedia technologies. In the field of speech, these technologies are needed to meet the security and confidentiality of information requirements for transferring huge speech signals via a network, and for decreasing storage space for rapid retrieval. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that includes hybrid transformation in order to analyses the speech signal frequencies. The speech signal is then compressed, after removing low and less intense frequencies, to produce a well compressed speech signal and ensure the quality of the speech. The resulting compressed speech is then used as an input in a scrambling algorithm that was proposed on two levels. One of these is an external scramble that works on mixing up the segments of speech that were divided using Fuzzy C-Means and changing their locations. The internal scramble scatters the values of each block internally based on the pattern of a Sudoku puzzle and quadratic map so that the resulting speech is an input to a proposed encryption algorithm using the threefish algorithm. The proposed algorithm proved to be highly efficient in the compression and encryption of the speech signal based on approved statistical


Bone texture characterization is important for differentiating osteoporotic and healthy subjects. Automated classification is however very challenging due to the high degree of visual similarity between the two types of images. In this paper, we propose to describe the bone textures by extracting dense sets of local descriptors and encoding them with the improved Fisher vector (IFV). Compared to the standard bag-of-visual-words (BoW) model, Fisher encoding is more discriminative by representing the distribution of local descriptors in addition to the occurrence frequencies. Our method is evaluated on the ISBI 2014 challenge dataset of bone texture characterization, and we demonstrate excellent classification performance compared to the challenge entries and large improvement over the BoW model.


Based on a formal specification of a direct digital synthesis (DDS) and assuming the availability of a set of possible circuit architectures we derive a customised system configuration. We calculate the design parameters that can be used for the specification to synthesise the circuit components. We show how the derived parameters and the selected IC technology influence the complexity of the circuit implementation.


Morphing aircraft can optimize its flight performance by changing aerodynamic shape. However, the deformation comes up with a great challenge to the control system. The most outstanding characteristics are strongly nonlinear and large uncertainty. Therefore, an intelligent control method is proposed based on Soft Actor-Critic algorithm. Firstly, the state space, action space and reward function required by the algorithm are designed. Then the training efficiency of the algorithm is improved through the way of network pre-training. The mathematical simulation proves that the control strategy can keep the altitude and velocity stable during deformation, and also has strong robustness to the uncertainty caused by deformation and complex external interference


A quantum dot interacting with the radiation field of a photonic crystal is considered. An analytical description of the dynamics and the coherence between the two states of the quantum dot is provided. Besides the well-known trapping, a fractional nature of the dynamics appears via relaxations of the Mittag–Leffler type. Furthermore, coherence exhibits a transition from the decay t − 3 / 2 ?> to t − 1 / 2 ?> if the transition frequency of the quantum dot is exactly in the middle of the band gap. Similarly, the population of the excited level undergoes a transition from the relaxation 1 / t 3 ?> to 1 / t ?> . These resonances and transitions belong also to the context of matter-wave emissions in optical lattices.


We present the results of an imaging survey to search for gravitationally lensed arcs in a sample of 40 EMSS clusters of galaxies. The lensing frequency obtained suggests that the X-ray selection is the preferred method for finding true, massive clusters which are more likely to exhibit the lensing phenomenon.


In this paper, we propose a new definition of information transfer in a discrete dynamical system. The information transfer is based on how much entropy (uncertainty) is transferred from state x to state y, as the dynamical system evolves in time. In our previous work, we had provided an axiomatic definition of information transfer where we had considered absolute entropy to define the transfer. Our new definition can be viewed as a natural generalization of directed information from information theory to dynamical systems and is based on transfer of conditional entropy. This new definition also satisfies the properties of a) zero transfer, b) transfer asymmetry and c) information conservation. We start with a definition of one-step information transfer and then generalize this definition to n-step information transfer and average information transfer over infinite time step. We also provide analytical expressions for information transfer for linear systems. Some basic examples are provided to understand the physical meaning of information transfer and how this can be used to infer causality and influence in dynamical system setting.


The paper proposes an algorithm based on central differences and FCT correction for solving the shallow water problem. The results of numerical testing were compared with known data. The comparison showed that the proposed algorithm has similar accuracy with other methods. A comparison of the speed of the proposed algorithm and a similar one based on the McCormack method is given. The conclusion is made about the superiority in speed over the McCormack method with the same accuracy.


AbstractThe factors involved in the selection of thermocouples for any application were listed by Roeser in 1941 and similar lists of the properties requiring consideration were given by Finch and by Caldwell, both in 1962. These factors are entirely those which may be dictated by common sense, but all stress the necessity to use materials that are homogeneous, and resistant to change both with respect to mechanical and electrical properties in the environment to which they are exposed. It is this requirement of stability that has led to the widespread use of precious-metal thermocouples.


Dry skin of twelve subjects suffering from ichthyosis vulgaris and the efficacy of a moisturiser-Cotaryl were quantitatively assessed by measuring the skin surface hydration and high frequency (3.5 MHz) electrical conductance of skin. The state of hydration and conductance of ichthyotic skin were 86.9 + 24.6 and 11.0 + 5.7 micro-mho respectively, being much less-compared to 132. 0 + 5.3 and 72.5 + 54.0 micro-mho ofnormal subjects. The moisturiser increased the state of hydration and also the electrical conductance of the stratum corneuni to near-normal values and maintained them as long as the application continued. However, both the hydration and the conductance fell sharply within a week of withrawal of the moisturiser. A moisturiser was thus undoubtedly efficacious in ichthyotic skin, but the effect was only temporary. The state of hydration was found, at all stages, to bear a strong positive correlation (r = 0.69 to 0.80) with the skin conductance.


In this article,quarantine treatment on fruit flies were briefly introduces and the advantages and disadvantages of the various processing methods are discussed,and the prospect on its development was made in quarantine treatment technique.


Chloramine-T is a widely used disinfectant for the treatment of gill diseases of fish in freshwater, and more recently attention has turned to its use in seawater. However, despite the wide use of chloramine-T, only few studies have examined its toxicity to fish (Powell and Harris 2004). Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of disinfection by Chloramine-T on the muscle tissue of grayling (Thymallus thymallus Linck) using oxidative stress biomarkers [levels of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and oxidative modified protein (OMP) derivatives] and antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity) to observe the its toxic effects. The endpoints obtained from this study will be useful to monitor the effects of disinfectant bathing with Chloramine-T for this species of fish. Our results showed that Chloramine-T bathing markedly decrease lipid peroxidation with non-significant decrease of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins. However, reduced lipid peroxidation results in decrease of total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, decreased lipid peroxidation level causes decrease of aldehydic (r = 0.854, p = 0.002) and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (r = 0.852, p = 0.002). The present study has revealed that fish developed tissue-specific enzyme responses, such as decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity as well as total antioxidant capacity in muscle tissue with decrease of lipid peroxidation as response to the Chloramine-T disinfection. This data are compatible with lower antioxidant defense. Cor-


The Introduction discusses the main objectives of the book, describes who it will be relevant for and why, and lays out the plan for each chapter. The main objective of the book is twofold. First, it offers accounts of virtue and character that are both philosophically sound and psychologically realistic—and thus, able to be operationalized into empirically measurable variables. Second, it offers a range of strategies for how virtue and character (so conceived) can be systematically measured. This work will be of interest to philosophers, psychologists and education theorists who are interested in virtue and character.


The mechanical behaviour of Ti-based bulk metallic glass during consecutive load–unload nanoindentation cycles, using progressively larger forces, is investigated. Indentation cycles allow evaluating the contact stiffness and, therefore, the hardness and Young's modulus as a function of the penetration depth. The indentation hardness shows a gradual decrease as the applied load increases, evidencing the occurrence of an indentation size effect. An increase of contact stiffness is also observed during the indentation cycling process, an effect which is accompanied with a slight reduction of the Young's modulus. These observations are consistent with the presumption that metallic glasses become structurally modified during the course of nanoindentation experiments. In particular, a deformation-induced increase in the amount of free volume occurs within the amorphous structure, leading to a concomitant mechanical softening.


Recent debates on urban governance suggest that in the contemporary neoliberal society, there is a shift away from governments as the dominant locus of power to one in which various actors participate in hybrid governance arrangements. At the same time, increasing attention is paid to the potential contribution of involving different types of knowledge in governance processes, assumed to lead to more inclusive decision-making. This raises questions on what types of knowledge are recognized and prioritized in processes of urban governance. This book examines how several types of knowledge have been negotiated as strategic inputs in decision-making processes for the mega housing project N2 Gateway in Cape Town. Analysis of the project's implementation has shown that political pressure around the N2 Gateway Project has limited the use of technical, economic and community based knowledge in the planning phase. This lack of knowledge inclusion had significant effects for the implementation of integrated settlements, the financial viability of the project, led to a lack of matching housing supply and demand, and caused representation struggles in local project management.


As the recent trends of information security industry in global information and communication technology(ICT) and entrance with the ubiquitous society, the information security has expanded to personal life and society safety. Information and communication technology (ICT) in the future knowledge-based information society, individual, company, country, depending on a key role in security and information protection technology that the core of the field in order to secure the core technology and major countries like the commercialization of the United States, Europe, Japan, China, and Korea have committed an enormous budget in R&D with the concept of information security beyond the security of our computer and network security level as extended to medical, power, and security of the whole society. Therefore, most of the country should establish an R&D investment strategy to determine whether they need to select and concentrate on what certain technology areas and perform a reliable technological assessment about technological capacity or technological-level in a variety of key features and elements of information security technologies. To this end, this study has a practical research objective to suggest a framework for the evaluation and comparison of technological-level under information security technologies using expert survey, patent, and paper information and to demonstrate mutually explanatory power and reliability between various models for the future R&D policy and strategy.


Fuzzy Logic was intruded by Lotfi A. Zadeh in 1965. It is for solving uncertainty and ambiguity problems. Fuzzy logic is a multivalued logic defined in [0,1] . However, there are a lot of paradoxes, as proposition, can not be described in Fuzzy Logic. In this paper, we will define an extended fuzzy logic and applied it on watershed segmentation method in image processing.


Competitions are a widely used and successful tool to promote scientific and technological progress in robotics. However, their usefulness for scientific research and for successful transfer of robotic technology from laboratories to industry may be increased by introducing a scientific approach to their design, and by structuring them as benchmarking competitions, i.e., in such a way that they can also be considered as benchmarks for objective performance assessment. This is the goal of RoCKIn, an FP7 project focusing on the development of robot benchmarking competitions. I. COMPETITIONS AND BENCHMARKING The Robotics community is running hundreds of competitions every year; among them we cite the DARPA challenges, RoboCup Soccer / Rescue / @Home / @Work competitions, the ICRA Robot Challenge, the Robot Cleaning Competition, and FIRST Competitions1. The outcome of these competitions is usually a ranking among participants, highlighting the best performers. Individually and collectively, robot competitions have a very positive effect in encouraging participants to tackle challenging problems, thus promoting advances in robotics state of art. However, most robot competitions usually suffer from limitations when considered from a scientific and benchmarking perspective. For example, their results cannot be used as a benchmarking tool, which strongly reduces their potential impact as a mechanism to promote robotics to industry and limits their usefulness to research groups. Indeed, convincing companies to embrace technology originating in autonomous robotics to create new products and markets is, in fact, very difficult without established tools to assess the real-world performance of such technology and to compare different approaches. For these reasons, we believe that the times are ripe for a new way of designing robot competitions, to make them more scientifically grounded and, at the same time, more suitable for the role of objective benchmarks. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement 601012. A list can be found at http://robots.net/rcfaq.htm. The RoCKIn project2 aims at providing tools for benchmarking through competitions to the robotics community. The aim of RoCKIn is to design and set up scientific robot competitions able to increase scientific and technological knowledge. This will require a strong attention to rigorous experimental methodologies, tempered by the need to retain the features that have made robot competitions into successful tools for the promotion of progress in robotics: first of all the "fun" and "challenge" elements that are key parts of any successful competition. RoCKIn will then exploit the scientific foundations of its robot competitions by endowing them – by design – with an additional role: that of benchmarking tools. In other terms, while the outcomes of the RoCKIn robot competitions will retain their traditional value of producing a ranking among competing solutions at competiton time, the experimental setting of the competition will also take on the more general significance of benchmarking procedures. A. From Competitions to Scientific Competitions To explore the use of competitions as benchmarking tools, it is necessary to adopt a scientific approach, investigating whether and how competitions can be treated as scientific experiments. Key differences, in fact, exist between these categories. Competitions are designed to produce a ranking at a specific moment, while scientific experiments are aimed at proving some property in a way that, once established with a successful experiment, can be considered as assessed and can be used as the starting point for further research. Experiments have the key property of being repeatable, while competitions generally cannot be repeated under exactly the same conditions. An experiment should RoCKIn (http://rockinrobotchallenge.eu/ ) started in January 2013 under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission. Its partners are: Associacao Do Instituto Superior Tecnico Para A Investigacao E Desenvolvimento (Portugal, Coordinator); Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza (Italy); Hochschule Bonn-RheinSieg (Germany); KUKA Laboratories GmbH KUKA (Germany); Politecnico di Milano (Italy); Security Challenge Limited (UK).


This paper presents a new method for the direct computation of strongly singular integrals existing in the Cauchy principal value sense. It can be usefully applied in the solution by the direct boundary element method of many different problems. Initially, some considerations are provided in order to summarize the state-of-the-art on this issue. Then the features of the proposed method are reported. The procedure allows the direct calculation of Cauchy principal value integrals with first-order singularity and it is applicable even in advanced boundary element methods employing high-order elements. It requires only the use of standard Gaussian quadrature formulae plus the computation of a logarithmic term. Some examples show the effectiveness and efficiency of the procedure.


The aim of our work was to use advanced oxidation processes based on formation of reactive hydroxyl radicals (OH·) due to ozonation and its combination with H2O2, Fe2+ as catalyst and UV light for removal of Amoxicillin and Levofloxacin from model wastewaters at different pHs. Removal efficiencies were monitored by TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) measurements. Kinetics of oxidation was determined based on two-stage consecutive reaction presuming pseudo first order kinetics. Amoxicillin degraded during ozontion up to 33%. The most efficient was combination of O3/Fe2+/H2O2/UV (76%). In the case of Levofloxacin removal efficiencies for were up to 83% 8. Addition of H2O2 did not improve treatment efficiency, Kinetics of degradation confirmed rapid first degradation stages of both antibiotics, while the by-products degradation was slower. Investigated procedures exhibited potential for efficient removal of antibiotics from wastewaters.


English original films is an important teaching resources,teaching methods is also entertaining.English original movie into college English listening and speaking classroom,can stimulate the enthusiasm of students learning English degree.I first pointed out the important role of the English original movie,and then analyzed English original film introduces heard the lesson problem,and finally try teaching suggestions to improve the English heard that the effect of teaching.


Thermal decomposition of melted 3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF) in isothermal conditions was studied. The burning rates of DNTF were measured in the pressure interval of 0.1–15 MPa. The thermal stability of DNTF was found to be close to the stability of HMX, while the burning rate of DNTF was close to the burning rate of CL-20. The thermocouple measurements in the combustion wave of DNTF showed that combustion of DNTF was controlled by the gas-phase mechanism. The DNTF vapor pressure was determined from thermocouple measurements and agreed well with data obtained at low temperatures under isothermal conditions.


After the choice "to be or not to be" of the historical building had been decided, the incoming challenge question is how to make these buildings of old era to be well kept in modern times, which lead to the renovation issue of the historical buildings. The relationship between new and old becomes a new focus in design. This article will state the notion of Transparency, and then try to utilize it as one of the means in design by three aspects: material, function and space. Moreover, the author would analysis the application during the conservation and renovation, and emphasizes the importance of Transparency in harmonizing the new and historical buildings.


The number of images uploaded to the web is enormous and is rapidly increasing. The purpose of our work is to use these for acquiring positive training data for visual concept learning. Manually creating training data for visual concept classifiers is an expensive and time consuming task. We propose an approach which automatically collects positive training samples from the Web by constructing a multitude of text queries and retaining for each query only very few top-ranked images returned by each one of the different web image search engines (Google, Flickr and Bing). In this way, we sift the burden of false positive rejection to the Web search engines and directly assemble a rich set of high-quality positive training samples. Experiments on forty concepts, evaluated on the ImageNet dataset, show the merit of the proposed approach.


Photodegradation of dicamba, an ionizable herbicide, using TiO2 supported on HZSM-11 zeolite was investigated. Four photocatalysts with different weight percentages (wt%) of TiO2 were evaluated: 3%, 10%, 30% and 50%. The effects of the catalyst concentration, the initial pH value and the repeatability of the photocatalytic activity after multiple cycles of reuse were also evaluated. Results showed complete degradation of dicamba within 120 min with the TiO2/HZSM-11 (30 wt%) catalyst. Also, this catalyst is stable (no detectable leaching was observed), can be easily removed from treated solutions and it is reusable for at least nine consecutive cycles. An XRD analysis indicated that the TiO2/HZSM-11(30%) catalyst remained unchanged until the ninth cycle, when it was compared with a new catalyst. The results indicated that the addition of H2O2 to the solution did not affect the catalyst structure.These are important advantages over unsupported TiO2, making it a good photocatalyst for the treatment of water courses polluted with dicamba.


Cascaded bidirectional dc–ac converters are commonly used in uninterruptible power supply applications and battery chargers for electric vehicles. Power conversion units for such applications employ a large electrolytic capacitor at high-voltage dc bus, which not only reduces the lifetime but also adds to the weight of the converter. In this paper, a novel bidirectional dual active bridge cascaded three-phase converter (DABCC) with six-pulse dc link is proposed. Also, a new closed-loop control scheme to implement the six-pulse modulation (SPM) technique in DABCC is proposed. The advantages of the proposed control scheme in DABCC are that the electrolytic capacitor is eliminated and is replaced with a low-value film capacitor resulting in increased reliability, compactness, and reduced cost. SPM technique also increases the dc bus utilization and decreases the inverter average switching frequency to 33% when compared with the conventional sine pulse-width modulation (SPWM). Harmonic components introduced in the pole voltages of the SPM-modulated DABCC due to inverter dead time are analyzed, and a resonant controller is designed to mitigate them. Also, root mean square current stress for high-voltage dc-link capacitor is studied, and it is shown that the capacitor requirement for SPM modulation is lower than the conventional SPWM. To validate the proposed control scheme, an 800-W proof-of-concept laboratory hardware prototype is fabricated and experimental results are demonstrated.


Discloses a can with the key data in different ways for non-critical data provides scheduling updates digital broadcast network. Including non-critical information updates can be scheduled to broadcast in a digital broadcast network during the update window, the window can be updated special time. Receiving apparatus obtained on the update notification window, and by using the background functionality, non-critical applications may be accepted and the update at the receiving apparatus. If the receiving device is idle or periods of low activity, you can update the window during the acceptance and application of non-critical updates. Non-critical updates may be broadcast on a separate channel or stream. During periods other than the update period of the window, other data may be transmitted on a separate channel or the flow. Critical updates can be applied in real time.


Methods of field and network theory are jointly applied to the problem of transverse aperture-type discontinuities in cascade under the conditions of multimodal excitation and interaction. A space Fourier transformation (modal analysis) translates the field problem into a network problem, whereby discontinuities take the significance of Hilbert-ports a la Zemanian. When a discontinuity is considered as enclosed by an ideal cavity, representing energy storage in the 'localized' modes, Foster's form of the reactance matrix of the discontinuity is recovered. The relationship with the variational method in computing the resonance matrix of the 'accessible' modes is illustrated. Green's function of cascaded apertures is obtained by finite network analysis. A few examples of thick interacting inductive irises in cascade are numerically investigated. Results show very good agreement with experiment.


moscope showed congestion of the disc and filling up of the congenital cup. There was a clear history of syphilis twenty years ago, and since then seven stillbirths. Attacks of Jacksonian epilepsy involving the affected limb occurred while under observation. Mercury and iodide of potash were given; then iodide alone, beginning with gr. x doses and pushed to gr. 130, three times a day. The signs of the disease disappeared, but the patient had cardiac symptoms. Nitrite of in sodium gr. ii doses afforded marked relief to anginal attacks. (2) Chronic Rheumatic Arthritis: Treated by means of baths; Schott system; salophen in graduallyincreasing doses, and cod-liver oil. (3) Various Forms of Valvular Disease of the Heart: Enlarged heart improved by bath treatment; double aortic disease; Graves's disease. Dr. Duncan had never seen a patient die from this. Cases remained without much change for many years.


The global economy is facing various challenges. Tour-operators are an essential key in the competitive environment of the travel industry. They influence consumers' behavior and decision making process when choosing a travel destination. The paper aims to explore the concept of corporate social responsibility and elements of globalization in the Romanian tour-operator sector. When researching these aspects, the Romanian market is in an early stage. In order to reach the objective, the authors developed a qualitative research based on in-depth interviews with managers from tour-operators sector. The results show that corporate social responsibility is at the beginning of its development and managers have a low degree of knowledge about the concept.

 Key words: Corporate social responsibility (CSR), globalization, tour-operators, Romania.


Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a condition caused by self-perpetuating immune response towards hepatocytes in liver. In children, AIH may progressed more rapidly compared to adults. Thus, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key for successful management of AIH. Five main characteristics of AIH include female predominance, increased IgG or hypergammaglobulinemia, circulatory autoantibody seropositivity, and hepatitis interface from the histological finding. Liver biopsy is needed to evaluate the degree of damage and to confirm the diagnosis. The standard regiment for AIH include prednisone (or prednisolone) and azathioprine. Other alternative treatments available for non-responder, such as mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, budesonide, rituximab, and infliximab. AIH treatment is recommended to be taken minimally for 2-3 years before attempting treatment termination.


Interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy number (IVq-ROFN) is a popular tool for modeling complex uncertain information and has gained successful applications in the field of comprehensive evaluation. However, most of the existing studies are based on the absolute values of evaluation data but fail to take incentive effects into account. Reasonable and appropriate incentive can guide the evaluated objects to better achieve the decision goals. Therefore, this study develops an incentive mechanism-based interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy dynamic comprehensive evaluation method. Firstly, new interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy measures including deviation measure and correlation coefficient are proposed for managing IVq-ROFNs data. To overcome the limitations of the existing aggregating operators that are not suitable for scenarios with need of many times of data aggregation, we introduce two new interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy aggregating operators. Furthermore, a new interval-valued orthopair fuzzy CRITIC method is developed to objectively determine the importance of the evaluated criteria. More importantly, the horizontal incentive effects within a single period and the vertical incentive effects during multiple periods under IVq-ROFNs environments are proposed to reward (or punish) the evaluated objects in the evaluation process. The evaluated results are determined based on the full compensatory model and the multiplicative form model. The main advantage of the developed method is that the expectations of decision-makers and the dynamic characteristics during multiple periods are taken fully into account, which can make the evaluation results more reasonable and reliable. Finally, this developed comprehensive evaluation method is applied to evaluate the green development level of Jiangxi province within eleven cities from 2016 to 2020. We observe that the cities x 2, x 3, x 4, x 5, x 7, x 8 are rewarded within positive incentive values and the cities x 1, x 6, x 9, x 10, x 11 are punished within negative incentive values. Especially, the positive incentive value for the city x 3 is the biggest and the negative incentive value for the city x 9 is the biggest. The best city in term of GDL is x 3. The evaluated results with consideration of incentive effects are in line with the expectation of the decision-maker.


A generalization of the procedure to study shapes and stability of algebraic nuclear models introduced by Gilmore is presented. One calculates the expectation value of the Hamiltonian with respect to the coherent states of the algebraic structure of the system. Then equilibrium configurations of the resulting energy surface, which depends in general on state variables and a set of parameters, are classified through the Catastrophe theory. For one- and two-body interactions in the Hamiltonian of the interacting Boson model-1, the critical points are organized through the Cusp catastrophe. As an example, we apply this Separatrix to describe the energy surfaces associated to the Rutenium and Samarium isotopes.


Colchicine was introduced in 1987 for the treatment of recurrent pericarditis. Up to the present, papers have been published on a total of 117 patients treated with colchicine after the failure of treatment with FANS, corticosteroids and repeated pericardiocentesis. Here two cases of chronic pericardial effusion, one secondary to pericardiotomy, the second idiopathic, are reported. Both were recalcitrant to conventional therapy. Both patients were treated with 2 mg/die colchicine for 1 month followed by 1 mg/die for a further 5 months, without recurrence of the effusion after follow-up of 12 and 24 months respectively. No side-effects were observed. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug which, by inhibiting various leukocyte functions, depresses the action of the leukocytes and of the fibroblasts at the site of the inflammation. We conclude that colchicine is effective in post-pericardiotomic and idiopathic chronic pericardial effusion as already reported in cases of recurrent pericarditis. Given the lack of side-effects, it could be considered as a drug of choice alternatively to FANS and corticosteroids.


Proper pump for the right process is the cornerstone of the process industry, where selection of a pump for smooth functioning of the machinery is vital.


Direct arylation polymerization (DArP) represents the ecological alternative to the conventional polycondensation methodologies for the obtainment of selected conjugated polymers. To further improve the sustainability of the synthetic protocol, efforts...


As competent talents of art designing are demanded in the new century,an enlightening teaching model is required to cultivate wisdom to the students to be both knowledgeable and practical.So a practical teaching system tends to be popular with the universities.


Accounting the economic value of water in agriculture was not only very important for establishing water price in irrigation districts in order to maintain irrigation sustainable development,but also helpful to estimate economic loss when water in agriculture converts into other water utilities.So it was more and more important to take water in agriculture as commodity and account its economic value,especially in large irrigation districts of developing countries and arid and semi-arid regions.In this paper,two methods of accounting the economic value of water in agriculture were pointed out.At the same time,some mathematic models and expressions also were enumerated.Finally,It was put forward that some issues should be taken into account in accounting the economic value of water in agriculture.


Following the discovery of the sea route to India, the considerable stream of Italian merchants into Lisbon gave place to a necessary intervention of diplomacy of the different states of the Italian peninsula, aiming at preserving certain privileges for their merchants, as well as their possessions and their ships. The analysis provided by the Venetian merchant Giovanni Dall'Olmo of his long experience in the Portuguese capital depicts the well- structured and rigid hierarchy of the Venetian diplomacy of the 16th century.


PURPOSE: A method and a system for processing approval for the use of a credit/cash card using a mobile phone approval number is provided to seek the safety of transactions by using a mobile phone approval number generated as a random number in real time. CONSTITUTION: A system for processing approval for the use of a credit card using a mobile phone approval number comprises an approval number processing part(122), a member database(124), an approval number creation part(126), and a result storage database(128). The approval number processing part(122) provides a mobile phone approval number, generated as a real-time random number with a client's settlement attempt, to the client's mobile phone. The approval number processing part(122) compares the generated mobile phone approval number with an approval number inputted from a cash dispenser(130) or an affiliated store terminal(132) and finally determines approval for the use of the user's credit card. The member database(124) stores the user's credit card number and mobile phone number. The approval number creation part(126) generates an approval number in the form of a real-time random number. The result storage database(128) stores a result processed at the approval number processing part(122).


Objective: In view of the situation of patients with severe cancer, we recommend nutritional support in nursing, observe the effect of nursing and the quality of life of patients after nursing. Methods: Our hospital from August 2018 to August 2019 were between tumor with a total of 60 patients with severe, respectively in 30 cases of routine nursing (control group), 30 cases of combined routine nursing and nutrition support therapy (observation group), respectively, compared two groups of patients after nursing MNA score (points), BMI (kg/m), HBG (g/L), propagated numerical differentiation (g/L), etc. The complication rates of abdominal distension, infection, blurred consciousness, nausea and vomiting in patients with severe tumor were compared. In the patient's conscious state through the form of dialogue and inquiry, help patients to fill in the questionnaire, statistics of patients' satisfaction with nursing. Results: The statistical scores of the observation group were higher than that of the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: For patients with severe cancer, the emphasis on nutritional supplement in nursing, support the implementation of patients' treatment and rehabilitation plan, can improve the level of nursing for patients with severe cancer under the application of nutritional support method.


This paper discusses the methodology of Qualitative Spatio-Temporal Representation and Reasoning (QSTRR) for robotic applications. The goal is to develop reasoning mechanism that will allow modelling the environment and performing spatiotemporal decisions. A new approach is related to environment modelling based on robot's perception, therefore new concepts (spatial entities) are obtained automatically, and then used in reasoning. This paper presents the results of the three experiments. Each experiment focuses on different robotic applications, such as mobile spatial assistive intelligence for spatial design, spatial design used for robotic arm integration with the environment and supervision of a teleoperated robot. Each of the experiments is considered as the proof of concept of the proposed methodology. Thus, it can be efficiently used for developing sophisticated robotic application where human-robot interaction and integration are considered as an important goal.


W e propose a noveltrap forcon ning cold neutralatom sin a m icroscopic ring using a m agnetoelectrostaticpotential.Thetrapping potentialisderived from acom bination ofa repulsivem agnetic eld from ahard driveatom m irrorand theattractivepotentialproduced byacharged diskpatterned on the hard drive surface. W e calculate a trap frequency of[29.7,42.6,62.8]kHz and a depth of [16.1,21.8,21.8]M Hz for [Cs,Rb,K ],and discuss a sim ple loading schem e and a m ethod forfabrication.Thisdeviceprovidesa one-dim ensionalpotentialin a ring geom etry thatm ay beof interestto the study oftrapped quantum degenerate one-dim ensionalgases.


Objective To explore the virtue and technique of bilateral external fixation in the treatment of the fracture of humerus shaft. Methods Thirty five patients with fracture of humerus shaft had been treated by bilateral external fixation. Results All the cases had been followed up for an average 4.5 years(6 months~8 years). They had achieved a fractures union. No infection had happen in the cases. The results had been excellent in 16 cases, good in 15 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case. The rate of both excellent and good was 88.57%. Conclusion The treatment of the humerus shaft fracture with bilateral external fixation has some advantages such as convenient operative procedure, micro-wound, safe fixation and healing up quickly.


SBAR and TeamSTEPPS are structured communication tools that nurses should use in clinical settings to improve communication and overall patient satisfaction.


The pairwise coupling of modes in distributed systems such as the traveling‐wave parametric electron‐beam amplifier and many other types is shown to permit only two types of interaction. One type, called β coupling, results in the periodic interchange of the signal between the modes, as typified in the Kompfner‐null coupler. The other, γ coupling, results in the exponential growth of the mode, as in the TWT and in the pump section of a parametric amplifier. The nature of the resultant interaction is a direct consequence of the underlying relations contained in the conservation law that applies throughout the system, i.e., in the separate parts of the system and that is independent of the various coupling coefficients. The ``rank'' and ``signature'' of the metric that expresses this conservation law is sufficient to determine the type of behavior. The direction of flow of energy in the coupled modes imposes a duality on these relations. Where modes of opposite directionality are coupled, β coupling causes system amplification, while γ coupling causes system interchange. These relations are generalizations of effects that have been studied in detail for many specific systems. They are not, however, consequences of the details of the system but are, rather, the only alternatives possible under assumptions that are broad in scope and generally applicable to devices of interest.


We propose a novel method for controlling the shape of a short period domain-inverted structure utilizing a multi-pulse poling method. Using this technique, periodically domain-inverted structures with periods of 1.4-2.4 μm were fabricated for over 10 mm interaction length in 2 mm thick Z-cut MgO: LiNbO3 crystal. We have demonstrated highly efficient ultraviolet light generation (340-390 nm) using bulk QPM-SHG devices with these structures. Continuous wave 72 mW at wavelength of 372 nm was generated with conversion efficiency of 17 %.


In the 1990s the book market and the production and reception of literature in Russia radically changed, conforming to Western patterns. This transformation is mostly – and even from the side of scholars – estimated as an emancipatory development. But unlike vanguard postmodern literature, which considers and ironically reverses clichés and stereotypes, mass fiction provides unambiguous elements to identify with (positively or negatively). The paper focuses on Russian detective novels since the 1990s – exemplarily on the basis of a novel by Aleksandra Marinina – to show how Russian stereotypes are preserved in universal patterns of character and plot and how the reception against the background of Russian as well as of Western society is made possible.


Abstract 3066 Introduction: Advanced stage III/IV or relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (FL) can hardly be cured with conventional chemotherapy and patients, even after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), experience innumerable relapse events occurring at decreasing progression-free intervals. Important progress was made since the introduction of RITUXIMAB as part of frontline chemoimmunotherapy or as maintenance after frontline treatment with or without ASCT. But, whatever the policy applied, no plateau is observed regarding overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Disease relapse, even in patients with documented complete remission (CR), is thought to be induced both by resistant minimal residual tumor cells and the lack of immunocompetent mechanisms to contain or eliminate them. Thus, it has been postulated that post-ASCT consolidative immunotherapy might eradicate minimal residual disease, based on antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism, and have a favorable impact on relapse rate and even OS. This view has led to a considerable interest in immunotherapy as a promising therapeutic line to restore and enhance the impaired anti-tumor immune surveillance in the context of post-ASCT low tumor burden. Purpose: We conducted a phase II study to compare OS and PFS between patients with advanced or relapsed/refractory FL receiving consolidative immunotherapy combining recombinant interleukine-2 (rIL-2), recombinant interferon- α-2b (rINF- α-2b) and RITUXIMAB after ASCT, with the aim of controlling minimal residual disease, and other counterparts with FL receiving no further treatment after ASCT. Patients and Methods: From August, 1995, to October, 2009, 139 patients with FL were autografted in complete remission ≥1 or partial remission. Of these patients, 66 were considered eligible for immunotherapy. On adequate post-ASCT hematologic reconstitution, they received 4 weekly IV injections of RITUXIMAB administered on an outpatient fashion. This was followed by a home-based program of subcutaneous injections of rIL2 (6 million UI × 3 / week in 1st cycle; 9 million × 3 / week in 2d) and rINF- α-2b (1.5 million UI × 3 / week in 1st cycle; 3 million × 3 / week in 2d) administered over two 7-week cycles. These two cycles were separated by a two-week free interval. The other 73 patients did not receive any additional treatment after ASCT and served as controls. Results: The two groups were comparable regarding demographic characteristics, disease profile and treatment course, except that the control group had significantly less transformed FL ( p =0.0156) and a higher mean treatment line number ( p =0.018). Median OS and PFS were not reached in either the study group or the control group. OS, initially not different between the 2 groups ( p =0.21), was found significantly higher in the study group after a cut-off follow-up time point of 86.6 months ( p =0.017). A significantly higher PFS was also noted in favor of the study group over the control group ( p =0.0131). With a median follow-up of 60 months (10 to 136) in the study group and of 82 months (0.7 to 174) in the control group, survival rate was 90.9% and 71.2%, respectively ( p= 0.0034) and the overall relapse rate was 19.7% (13 patients) and 41.1% (30 patients), respectively ( p= 0.0064). Adverse events were generally mild, consisting essentially of fever and chills with the rIL-2 and rINF- α-2b subcutaneous injections (rapidly controlled with PARACETAMOL), fatigue, grade 2 abnormal liver function tests in one third of patients and grade 2 or 3 cytopenias (anemia or neutropenia) in 40% of patients. Conclusion: These results confirm that post-ASCT immunotherapy with rIL2, rINF- α-2b and RITUXIMAB has a statistically significant impact on OS and PFS. In view of its tolerability, it appears to be quite feasible and safe and might be seen as a promising line of treatment designed for eradicating post-ASCT minimal residual disease and worth being tested within the frame of a randomized trial for validation as an essential step in the treatment algorithm of FL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The rock is quasi-brittle material.Under the condition of uniaxial compression,stress increases with the increase of axial strain firstly,when the stress reaches the maximum value,the stress begins to decline,specimen presents strain softening behavior.To research the effect factors of stress-strain softening segment in single axis compression of rock specimen,the slope analytic expression of stress-strain curve softening segment during single axis compression of rock specimen are got based on displacement method,and FLAC2D software are used to analyze uniaxial loading simulation results including angle α formed by different shear zone and principle stress direction and rock specimen with different aspect ratio,and the analytic expression is verified by the result.


A People For His Name: A History of Jehovah's Witnesses and An Evaluation. By TIMOTHY WHITE. New York: Vantage Press, 1968. 418 pages. $5.95. Timothy White combines an insider's understanding of the Jehovah's Witnesses with a cooly critical stance. It hardy seems possible! He seems to live largely within the mentality of "biblical prophecy" of the movement he describes. He follows the detailed correlations with care and interest (where an outsider like the reviewer soon becomes bored). He evidences real sympathy for the biblical searchings and convictions of Charles Taze Russell. He shows hostility toward Judge Rutherford who changed a movement among Bible students into a sect under strong centralized control. Yet throughout his description he maintains quite credably the critical facilities of a trained historian and points out with sharp but judicious evaluations the inconsistencies and foibles of any and all whom he discusses. The narrative story with its ups and downs and the doctrinal developments (or twistings) are well set forth. Conflicts and splinter groups are described. The footnoting is quite careful. To one not himself familiar with the documents the work appears to be adequately scholarly. The author's useful, annotated bibliography goes to considerable pains to point out the errors of the important predecessor volumes on the history of the Jehovah's Witnesses.


Kingston Harbour, Jamaica, has a history of eutrophication due to nutrient loadings emanating from the city of Kingston. In this study a two dimensional, numerical, hydrodynamic model of the harbor is used to assess the impact of coastal development at the western end of the harbor and on the evolution of this eutrophication. The model shows that the development did not materially affect the flushing of the harbor; therefore, the rapid increase in eutrophication since 1970 must be linked to concurrent population pressure. However, the coastal modification has altered the circulation pattern within Hunts Bay and has reduced the exchange between Hunts Bay and the remainder of Kingston Harbour. Increased siltation and further eutrophication within Hunts Bay are predicted as the impact of the modification. The model was also used to investigate the feasibility of aiding the flushing of the harbor by adding a second entrance. The model showed that such an opening is likely to have negligible impact on the present flushing time.


It is still an open problem whether Riemannian manifolds all of whose local geodesic symmetries are volume{preserving (i.e., D'Atri spaces) or more generally, ball{homogeneous spaces, and C-spaces are locally homogeneous or not. We provide some partial positive answers by proving that flve{dimensional locally '{symmetric spaces can be characterized as Sasakian spaces which are ball{homogeneous with ·-parallel Ricci tensor or D'Atri spaces or C{spaces. We also prove that all K{contact metric manifolds, and hence all Sasakian manifolds, which are harmonic have constant curvature one.


A 61-year-old gentleman, he had shortness of breath while few weeks and getting worse, was presented to our hospital. His oxygen saturation was 94 %(O2 5L) and no crackles or rales were heard. His electrocardiogram was sinus tachycardia, and chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and BNP level was elevated (260.3pg/mL). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed huge mass(57 × 39mm) occupying left atrium (LA), the mass was flexible in cardiac cycle and prolapsing from LA to left ventricle, it seems like cardiac myxoma. We suspected mitral stenosis (MS) caused by the mass (peak trans mitral flow velocity 3.1m/s), mitral regurgitation(MR) was not significant, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation with pulmonary hypertension (peak systolic pressure 61 mmHg). We performed transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) and CT angiography revealed the mass at fossa ovalis, we decided surgery of removing the mass considering the risk of mitral annulus obstruction and embolism. Intraoperative findings, after taken off the mass, TEE showed moderate to severe MR not detected preoperative TEE. Additionally, it revealed the mitral annulus enlargement(42 × 38mm by 2D TEE) and may gradually induced by prolapsing the mass. Finally, surgery for mitral valve was performed and postoperative TTE showed no MR. The mass was diagnosed cardiac myxoma by pathology.
 MS is relatively common in patients with prolapsing LA myxoma , and it improves after removing the mass. In this case, mitral valve was no degeneration but enlarged mitral annulus and significantly MR had revealed after removing the mass. Keep in mind that there is possibility to underestimate of MR associated with LA myxoma. To take care of mitral valve complex sufficiently in such case, and to detect these findings at preoperative echocardiography, then more useful assessment for surgery.
 Abstract P1245 Figure. Huge Left Atrial Myxoma Masks MR


Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the pool of satellite cells that in adult muscle reside between sarcolemma and basal lamina surrounding muscle fiber. Once skeletal muscle becomes injured these cells are activated, re-enter cell cycle, fuse into multinucleate myotubes, and finally reconstruct the injured tissue. However, some pathological conditions, such as reoccurring skeletal muscle injuries/regeneration accompanying muscular dystrophies, can lead to the irreversible exhaustion of satellite cells and to the failure in muscle repair. Mobilization of endogenous or implantation of exogenous stem cells are considered as the therapeutic approaches aiming at the improvement of regeneration. In order to be used participate in tissue repair exogenous cells need to be able to undergo myogenic differentiation, to form myotubes, and then myofibres. Among the cells extensively tested as a candidates for "replacement" cells are embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cells, and also variety of multipotent stem cells isolated from fetal or adult tissues. The simplest and non-offensive, however, the least efficient means of the induction of stem cells differentiation relies on their exposure to the myogenic environment, i.e. in vitro co-culture with myoblasts, or transplantation into injured skeletal muscle. Other techniques inducing myogenic differentiation base on the treatment of these cells either with various growth factors, or with reagents impacting at the overall gene expression leading to the induction of myogenic program. The most efficient way to obtain myoblasts from stem cells relies, however, on the overexpression of crucial factors regulating myogenesis, e.g. Pax3, Pax7, MyoD. Regardless of the system used detailed molecular, cellular, and functional analyses are required to prove that the stem cells differentiation was efficient and proper, and thus, that these cells can be possibly considered as suitable for the therapy of injured or diseased muscles. L17.2


ABSTRACT Current control technology is a key issue in photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. Usually, since proportional resonant (PR) control can achieve infinite gain at a certain frequency leading to zero stationary error and selective disturbance rejection as compared with PI controller, it is widely used in grid-connected inverters. In this paper, performance of system using PR controller is investigated first. The disadvantages of PR controller are as follows: (1) the disturbance introduced by voltage loop has a severe impact on quality of grid-connected current; (2) Phased Locking Loop (PLL) is essential in system. Based on degree of freedom theory, resonant-proportional (R-P) controller and resonant-proportional and resonant-proportional (RP-RP) controller are proposed to overcome the disadvantages of PR controller. Additional advantages of RP-RP controller are as follows: (1) less impact on quality of grid-connected current caused by voltage loop disturbance; (2) non-essential PLL; (3) better immunity to fluctuation of grid frequency. A detailed comparison of different controllers is also obtained. Simulation and experiment results verify the prototype's feasibility and validity.


Objective To explore the effect of Periplaneta americana reversing multiple drug resistance(MDR) ofhepatocellular carcinoma in vitro.Methods Drug resistance of Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2/ADM was established by Adriamycin(ADM) increasing concentration gradient method; determined cell growth curve,doubling time change using Trypan blue staining method; detected sensitivity of 4 kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs of HepG2 and HepG2/ADM by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method; detected the non toxic dose of Periplaneta americana CⅡ-3 and the skim cream of HepG2/ADM by MTT method; detected the inhibition rate differences of CⅡ-3,skim cream,ADM,CⅡ-3 and ADM,skim cream and ADM ofhepatocellular carcinoma drug resistance cell line HepG2/ADM by MTT method.Results Drug-resistant cell line doubling time was extended obviously compared with parent cells,HepG2/ADM showed resistance to variety of chemotherapeutic drugs,ADM resistant index was especiallyhigh,that was 15.25 times.When the concentration of CⅡ-3 and skim cream were 28.76 and 45.08μg/mL respectively,the growth inhibition rate of HepG2 and HepG2/ADM two cell lines were 10%,no obvious toxic effect.The inhibition rate of the drug-resistant cell of 7.5,15,30μg/mL concentration CⅡ-3 joint with ADM concentration(1 /2 IC50) were(24.52 ± 2.05) %,(34.78 ± 3.08) %,(45.09 ± 3.56) % respectively; The inhibition rate of the drug-resistant cell of12.5,25,50μg/mL concentration skimmed cream joint with ADM concentration(1 /2 IC50) were(19.28 ±2.56) %,(35.08 ±2.13) %,(43.85 ±3.05) %respectively.Conclusion The cell line HepG2/ADM establishedhas basic multidrug-resistant biological characteristics.Periplaneta americana extract can inhibit the growth of HepG2/ADM,andhas good effect to reverse drug resistance at the same time.


Attenuated DNA repair leads to genomic instability and tumorigenesis. BRCA1/BARD1 are the best known tumor suppressors that promote homology recombination (HR) and arrest cell cycle at G2/M checkpoint. As E3 ubiquitin ligases, their ubiquitinase activity has been known to involve in the HR and tumor suppression, but the mechanism remains ambiguous. Here, we demonstrated upon genotoxic stress, BRCA1 together with BARD1 catalyzed the K48 ployubiquitination on LARP7, a 7SK RNA binding protein known to control RNAPII pausing, and thereby degraded it through 26S ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Depleting LARP7 suppressed the expression of CDK1 complex, arrested cell at G2/M DNA damage checkpoint and reduced BRCA2 phosphorylation which thereby facilitated RAD51 recruitment to damaged DNA to enhance HR. Importantly, LARP7 depletion observed in breast patients lead to the chemoradiotherapy resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Together, this study unveils a mechanism by which BRCA1/BARD1 utilizes their E3 ligase activity to control HR and cell cycle, and highlights LARP7 as a potential target for cancer prevention and therapy. Highlights DNA damage response downregulates LARP7 through BRCA1/BARD1 BRCA1/BARD1 catalyzes the K48 polyubiquitination on LARP7 LARP7 promotes G2/M cell cycle transition and tumorigenesis via CDK1 complex LARP7 disputes homology-directed repair that leads to tumor therapy resistance


Stanley Milgram was motivated to show how something as horrible as the Holocaust could happen. To what extent does his research provide understanding of this? This article reviews a conception of the origins of genocide and other mass violence, based on case studies of actual instances, ranging from the Holocaust to the genocide in Rwanda and great violence in the Congo, in which psychological and social science principles were applied to historical data. This analysis and conception shows that a multiplicity of societal conditions and cultural characteristics together lead to group violence. Under certain societal and cultural conditions, many people rather than obey, seek, and join, and then subsequently follow, leaders, and groups. However, one cultural characteristic that is usually present and is relevant to Milgram's work, strong "authority orientation," promotes the tendency to obedience and reduces the likelihood of resistance. The article also discusses the multiplicity of influences present both in Milgram's experiments and other violence-producing situations, which includes people following rules of conventional behavior, and the multiplicity of psychological processes that arise, and questions some interpretations of Milgram's findings. It discusses the neglected but important role of personality, and the potential inherent in socialization and education to promote inclusive caring and resistance to violence producing situations. It points to the great potential of bystanders, their "authority," in preventing violent behavior.


This paper reports the development of a microfluidic device for the generation of solidified microbeads, and on-chip monitoring of compartmentalized biochemical reactions. We generated agarose microdroplets using a push-pull system, which consists in pushing oil and pulling emulsion. Agarose sample is introduced in inlet and aspirated consecutively. Ultralow volumes of agarose have been used (5 to 10μl) and after microdroplets generation, no dead volume remains in inlet. Once microdroplets have been generated, they are cooled in agarose microbeads thanks to two cooling copper wires. Finally, to validate our system, we performed and monitored a DNA isothermal amplification on-chip.


Through generalizing of Wanzhou Huangnibao landslide treatment engineering anchor wire construction,the difficult problems in engineering construction was discussed.The feasible resolving plans about how to enhancing long oblique anchor wire tensile pulling force were proposed through calculation and experiment,which obtained better economic and social efficiency.


Studies of the relationship between metabolic rate and body weight through develop- ment in three species of copepods (two cyclopoids, one calanoid) showed that: (1) for each of the three species, the slope of the regression line relating metabolism to size is not uniform across all twelve developmental stages (six naupliar stages, six copepodid stages), (2) nauplii have a logarithmic metabolism-weight relationship with a slope of 1.0, indicating little change in Q02 (oxygen consumed per unit weight) with increasing body size, (3) copepodids have a logarithmic metabolism-weight relationship with a slope < 1.0, indicating a decline in Q02 with increasing size, and (4) there is an abrupt increase in Q02 between the last naupliar stage and the first copepodid stage. These metabolic features of copepods contribute to an explanation of the retention of two very different body forms (nauplius, copepodid) through development in copepods. The smallest nauplii have a relatively low metabolic rate, considering their small size, which suggests that the naupliar form is energy efficient at small body sizes. The nauplii are locked into a steep (-1:1) increase in metabolism with size, however, which would make the energetic requirements of a mature animal unfeasible. This enforces a transition to a new body form (copepodid) partway through development. The new form has a higher energy consumption than the nauplii just at the point of transition, but shows a declining Q02 with increasing body size. This allows for a substantial increase in size without a prohibitive increase in energy expenditure. Radical changes in locomotion, behavior, and nutritional requirements prob- ably explain the change in metabolic characteristics with changes in body form.


Produce a method for the suitable trans-and anti-trans-isomer of muconate, described method changes from renewable carbon source the suitable cis-muconate produced by providing through biocatalysis; To turn to along trans-muconate along cis-muconate isomery under the reaction conditions that substantially all suitable cis-muconate isomeries turn to along trans-muconate; Be separated along trans-muconate; With trans-muconate suitable described in crystallization.Also anti-trans-isomer can be turned to by isomery along trans-isomer.In one example, the described method enzymic transformation be included in the substratum containing described renewable carbon source and in the aromatic amino acid biosynthesizing common pathway of described renewable carbon source by cell is 3-dehydroshikimate and the reconstitution cell of culture expression 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase, Protocatechuic Acid salt decarboxylase and pyrocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase under described 3-dehydroshikimate is changed into along cis-muconate by biocatalysis condition.


A field trial was conducted in Beijing area to evaluate the performance and seedling emergence rates of thirty turfgrass varieties The results showed that tall fescue and perennial ryegrass had evidently faster emergence than red fescue and Kentucky bluegrass at first After seedling emergence red fescue and Kentucky bluegrass had stable change The results of performance evaluation showed that Midnight,Kentucky,Conni of Kentucky bluegrass, Goalkeeper, Accent, Fairway of perennial ryegrass, Jaguar 3, Fire Phoenix,Houndog 5, Ruby, Starfire, Bingo of tall fescue, Pernille, Maxima of red fescue had outstanding performance


Recent studies have indicated that programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) play an essential role in tumor immune evasion and may serve as potential targets for combined immunotherapy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the PD‐L1/CD47 expression status in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and explore its survival impact and relevance with the immune microenvironment.


Abstract Pilocytic astrocytomas are well-circumscribed, predominantly cystic mass lesions that have a discrete mural nodule. Giant, solid pilocytic astrocytoma is uncommon. Its characteristic imaging features are described.


A method for fuzzy controller design based on information fusion is proposed, which uses multistage control strategy and merging function to fuse system information. This method can make use of current control experience and simplify the design process of fuzzy controller in cases of multiple inputs. The practical control of a two stage inverted pendulum proves the feasibility and robustness of this method.


I became a geophysicist by accident. Advocates of goal setting and careful planning might prefer a different story, but the fact is many of the best things in my life (e.g., my family, my career) have come serendipitously. I started college at the University of Wyoming in 1962 thinking I would become a lawyer. In retrospect, I can only wonder why. After four years of taking the courses I liked, I discovered I had degrees in math and physics. It never occurred to me to stop there, so I entered graduate school in the Physics Department of the University of Colorado, and after four more years (1970), had a PhD in theoretical physics under John Taylor.


The physics of Cosmic Rays of Extreme Energy will be deeply investigated by the next generation of fluorescence space detectors. For the Extreme Energy Neutrino Astronomy such detectors will probably exhibit a lack of statistics and a further increase of sensitivity will be necessary for this goal. The critical items in designing a future Neutrino Space Observatory suited for Neutrino Astronomy are discussed.


Abstract To integrate CAD and CAM of 2½ D prismatic machining parts, part descriptions in low-level format, such as Boundary Representation, are typically interpreted into forms of high-level features, such as pockets and virtual pockets, to facilitate process planning and tool path generation. A recognition procedure is required to transform the low-level data into machinable pocket definition. For complex depression volume where pocket interactions occur, current feature recognition algorithms do not adequately recognize the pockets such that the complex depression volume can be transformed into individual pockets machinable by current pocket milling techniques. Furthermore, in a complex depression, there may exist multiple equally valid set of pockets to describe the same total removable volume. The problem of recognizing multiple interpretations of pockets from part description in Boundary Representation (Brep) is presented in this paper. The algorithm presented in this paper first uses volume decompo...


# Background

According to a recent 2018 survey, the rate of childhood acute malnutrition in Malawi has decreased while the rate of stunting in children under five has remained at 37.4%. Our study assesses the impact of child sex, child age, and household distance from main road access on nutritional status in rural Malawi.

# Methods

Anthropometric data was collected on a sample of children aged 0-18 years at three sites in rural Malawi. Z-scores were calculated based on normative height-for-weight and height-for-age World Health Organization (WHO) growth curves. Univariate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the association of the assessed risk factors with stunting prevalence.

# Results

198 children were assessed \[46.4% male (92)\]. Children were grouped ages 0- 10 km (52%). Village distance of ≥10 km from the main road (OR = 2.91, CI = 1.26-6.75) and child age under 2 years (odds ratio, OR = 5.54, 95% CI = 1.61-19.1) were both significantly associated with childhood stunting.

# Conclusions

Within our sample, village distance ≥10 km from the main road and child age <2 years were both significantly associated with stunting. Our results suggest the need for greater resource access and allocation to isolated communities for future public health interventions.