The characteristics of blown sand activities on different degree desertified lands of Hunshandake Sandy Land were studied in this paper based on field observations and laboratory analyses.The results showed that sand transportation rate increased in nonlinear when wind velocity became gradually stronger;under the same wind conditions,sand transport rate increased in exponential function along desertified land degree increasing.Due to limit height of vegetation in spring,the correspondence of sandy desertification lands with the vegetation coverage less than 10% and more than 25% to wind profile presented obviously different sand-flow structure;at the same wind velocity,there were obviously different components in materials transported from different degree desertified lands.Different degree sandy desertification lands,rain time and the numbers of shrubs as well as herbaceous and others remained in study area were considered as the main factors affecting blown sand activity in spring.


Social media impacts all aspects of society from citizens to businesses, but also political parties. The article proposes a new social media engagement model that evaluates political cyber operations and the success of such campaigns during elections. The article will use the Cook Islands 2018 general election to validate the model.


Shourya Ghosh, under the supervision of Edward Altman, does a statistical comparison of credit ratings from Moody's and Standard & Poor's to see whether there are any consistent biases between the two rating agencies. Kenneth McDermid, under the direction of Jeffrey Wurgler, investigates the performance of hedge funds and confirms that institutions with fewer assets and more concentrated portfolios outperform the others and that the out-performance is the result of selection ability. Joe Mellet, under the supervision of David Yermack, examines the market's reaction to 320 special dividend announcements made in October, November, and December of 2012 in response to the looming tax increases and finds significant Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CARs) in the days surrounding the dividend announcement. T


To the Editor: Syringoma is a common, benign, adnexal tumor of eccrine origin (1–4). Generalized eruptive syringoma, however, is a rare variant of syringoma, which presents as a widespread papular eruption. In this article we describe a patient with generalized eruptive syringoma. A 19-year-old Japanese man presented with multiple asymptomatic papular eruptions. They had appeared on his abdomen at the age of 13 and gradually spread to the upper and lower extremities and chest. There was no family history of similar eruptions. Clinical examination demonstrated multiple skin-colored to brownish papules, 1 to 3 mm in diameter, symmetrically distributed on the upper extremities, chest, abdomen, and anterior aspect of the thighs (Fig. 1). The lesions were monomorphic. General physical examination found no other significant skin lesions. Laboratory examinations showed no abnormal findings. He was initially suspected of having lichen nitidus. A biopsy specimen illustrated a dermal tumor composed of small ducts, some of which had comma-like tails, and cords of basophilic epithelial cells embedded in a fibrous stroma. The ducts were lined by two rows of epithelial cells, some with amorphous, keratinous material in their lumina. These pathologic findings were those of syringoma and he was thus diagnosed as having generalized eruptive syringoma. Friedman and Butler (5) proposed a classification of syringoma according to clinical features and associations, consisting of four principal clinical variants: a localized form, a familial form, a form associated with Down syndrome, and a generalized form that encompassed multiple and eruptive syringoma. The localized form, a common variant, presents with skin-colored to yellow firm papules with a predilection for the periorbital region of women. Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant, which typically occurs as multiple yellow-brown colored papules in large numbers and in successive crops on the anterior parts of the neck, chest, abdomen, axillae, periumbilical region, or sometimes proximally on the extremities. It usually presents before or during puberty (1–4). The lesions are benign and may spontaneously resolve, or more commonly, remain stable (2). The clinical, histologic, and histochemical characteristics of this variant do not differ from those of classic syringoma (3,6). Although eruptive syringoma can involve various sites of the body as mentioned previously, instances of widespread involvement are rare (1,4) and are termed generalized eruptive syringoma (7–9). We diagnosed our patient as generalized eruptive syringoma because a greater body area was involved compared with the common presentation of eruptive syringoma. Generalized eruptive syringoma, although a very rare variant of syringoma, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of widespread eruptive papular dermatosis appearing before or during puberty.


Publisher Summary Olea europaea L. is a rich source of a variety of pentacyclic triterpenoids including oleanolic acid, maslinic acid, erythrodiol and uvaol, which have shown numerous biological effects. They are the most abundant triterpenoids in the unsaponifiable fraction of virgin olive oil. A special source of these triterpenic compounds is pomace olive oil, called "orujo" olive oil in Spain, which is obtained from the waste of olives (which comprises a blend of olive leaves, cuticle and surface) resulting from the mechanical extraction of virgin olive oil. This olive sub-product contains higher concentrations of triterpenic acids and alcohols than virgin olive oil, exceeding values of 120 mg kg–+. In fact, the total amount of the triterpenic alcohols, erythrodiol plus uvaol, is a parameter of purity to detect the presence of pomace olive oil. Oleanolic acid has been identified as the aglycone of numerous triterpenoid saponins in medicinal plants, as an active component in these plants, contributing to the production of several biological and pharmacological effects. There is a growing interest regarding the biopharmaceutical potential of triterpenoids extracted from pomace olive oil and many studies are currently trying to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their biological and pharmacological activities. This chapter focuses on the main functional properties of natural triterpenoids contained in pomace olive oil and the molecular transduction pathways reported to be involved in these activities.


Distributive justice is one of the most discussed topics in political philosophy. Focusing on the plurality of irreconcilable conceptions of social and political justice, this book presents an array of new perspectives on the topic. Bringing together 30 original essays of well-established and young international scholars, the volume is essential reading for anyone interested in social and political justice. X, 563 Seiten


Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) has been diagnozed in our section material in 23 cats, 19 Persian and 4 domestic, of both sexes, aged between 5 months and 8 years. The majority of the infected population were animals under 20 months of age. The macroscopic finding in most cats was of granulomatous character, and large quantities of goldenyellow gelatinous exudate were observed in the stomach cavity of 7 animals, corresponding to the exudative form of FIP. Granulomas were in most cases located in the abdomen wall, liver, spleen, omentum and serous membrane of intestines, and the histological structure was characterized by fibrinoid-necrotic centers with numerous lymphocytes, monocytes, angioblasts and fibroblasts. Immunohistochemically, feline corona virus (FCV) antigens were exprimed in the cytoplasm of macrophages, more rarely in plasma cells in granulomas, and sometimes in necrotized areas.


1. South African prelude: the creation of a leader and an idealist 2. Gandhi and Indian nationalist politics, 1915-16 3. Satygraha, 1917-18 4. Gandhi, the politicians and the raj, 1917-18 5. The Rowlatt Satyagraha 6. Khilafat 7. The Punjab: counterpoise to the Khilafat 8. Non-cooperation, 1920: crisis for the politicians 9. Non-cooperation, 1921-2: the test of Gandhi's political power Retrospect Conclusion.


The level-of-detail (LOD) technique has been proved to be an effective technique in balancing the rendering efficiency and fidelity demands in the interactive 3D computer graphics applications. Among previously proposed geometric LOD techniques, the discrete, or static, LOD technique is the most adopted representation in real-time 3D graphics applications such as the virtual reality (VR) and 3D computer game. According to previous works, the discrete LOD representations usually suffers from the "popping effect" causing visual disturbance when switching LOD meshes; to cope with this, techniques such as geo-morphing and LOD blending were proposed. However, they either require additional efforts in converting underlying mesh representation or consume additional storage space or transmission cost. In this paper, we have proposed a novel LOD representation based on the concept of sharing a common vertex buffer among the various LOD meshes of a model. The novel LOD representation, called Common Vertex Buffer LOD, denoted as CVB-LOD, has the benefits of saving transmission and storage costs, lower mesh loading latency that effectively reduces the popping effect in switching LOD meshes.


In this paper the rules of product liability (the strict liability for defective products) will be discussed. Albeit the EU orders of this liability form were established more than twenty years ago, it is worth to explore that again, because new vital questions have arisen and arise nowadays, furthermore relevant essays were published on it, which emphasize the economic relations as well. The author has the intention to collect the most significant critical thoughts contrasting these with English and German studies, outline the problematic issues, loopholes, and experiences. Beyond the EEC Directive, the implemented rules in the acts of member states shall be cited and compared simultaneously.


We studied the thermal denaturation of eglin c by using CD spectropolarimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). At low protein concentrations, denaturation is consistent with the classical two-state model At concentrations greater than several hundred /iM. however, the calorimetric enthalpy and the midpoint transition temperature increase with increasing protein concentration. These observations suggested the presence of intermediates and/or native state aggregation. However, the transitions are symmetric, suggesting that intermediates are absent, the DSC data do not fit models that include aggregation, and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) data show that native eglin c is monomeric. Instead the AUC data show that eglin c solutions are nonideal. Analysis of the AUC data gives a second virial coefficient that is close to values calculated from theory and the DSC data are consistent with the behavior expected for nonideal solutions. We conclude that the concentration dependence is caused by differential nonideality of the native and denatured states. The nondeality arises from the high charge of the protein at acid pH and is exacerbated by low buffer concentrations. Our conclusion may explain differences between van't Hoff and calorimetric denaturation enthalpies observed for other proteins whose behavior is otherwise consistent with the classical two-state model. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 49: 471-479, 1999 Correspondence to: Gary J. Pielak; email: firstname.lastname@example.com Contract grant sponsor: U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command (U.S. Army) and NEH Contract grant number: DAMD17-94-J-4270 (U.S. Army) and GM42501 (NIH) Biopolymers, Vol. 49, 471-479 (1999) ' © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CCC 0006-3525/99/060471-09 471


The modeling of an inductively coupled plasma(ICP) was investigated using the plasma,electromagnetic field,and fluid modules in the commercial software CFD-ACE+ in a two-dimensional fluid model of the gaseous electronics conference radio frequency reference cell(GECRC),a standard plasma experimental platform.The calculated results of the plasma parameter order and change trends agree well with the results of discharge experiments of the platform in ICP mode.This model compares well with Bukowski's simulation(J.Appl.Phys.,1996,80(5): 2614) in computational accuracy,with both representing the qualitative distribution of the ICP parameters.


Image segmentation is a key aspect of high content screening (HCS) assays and involves separating objects of interest from background. This often requires using fluorescent stains to delineate the whole cell, allowing image segmentation into single cells. This technique, however, has a number of drawbacks such as the limited number of available fluorescent channels, overlapping excitation and emission spectra of dyes, and phototoxicity if the dyes are applied in live cell experiments [Selinummi et al., 2009]. These difficulties can be overcome to some extent by using the brightfield option in HCS approaches.


A detailed theoretical investigation of the reflection of an atomic de Broglie wave at an evanescent wave mirror is presented. The classical and the semiclassical descriptions of the reflection process are reviewed, and a full wave-mechanical approach based on the analytical soution of the corresponding Schr\"odinger equation is presented. The phase shift at reflection is calculated exactly and interpreted in terms of instantaneous reflection of the atom at an effective mirror. Besides the semiclassical regime of reflection describable by the WKB method, a pure quantum regime of reflection is identified in the limit where the incident de Broglie wavelength is large compared to the evanescent wave decay length.


Abstract The works studied here illuminate the repression of Chicana/o women through their focus on family gender divisions. Hailed by Chicano writers as the bedrock of Chicana/o society and a refuge from the racism of US society, the family is re-imagined in these works and in the film based on López's play. Although these works received very different critical analyses, I argue that they have much in common. I propose that rather than rejecting the family, they offer new role models to Chicanas that allow for fluid sexual identities and the pursuit of goals that do not accord with Mexican tradition.


The American Accounting Association and the International Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, responding to calls from business and the accounting profession, have encouraged the teaching of data analytics in accounting courses. To help accounting educators integrate this new topic into their curricula, we report on how we developed a data analytics elective course for our Master of Science in Accountancy program. This course introduces data analytics from an accounting perspective. It includes four parts: Data and its Significance as an Organizational Asset, Data Analytics Concepts, and Introduction to R, Individual Labs, and Group Case Work. We contribute to accounting information systems education by providing a starting point for faculty members developing an accounting-related data analytics course or integrating the material into existing curricula.


When I chaired the Adviescommissie Afgesloten Strafzaken [Advisory Committee on Closed Criminal Cases] in 2013-2014, I had to acquire a thorough knowledge of the origin and content of current rules on the reviewing of criminal cases in the Netherlands. This led me to the conclusion that, for some unfathomable reason, these rules have both English and German roots. Obviously, therefore, this comparative contribution first discusses – as well as the Dutch rules – the rules in Germany and the United Kingdom (minus Scotland). Secondly, this contribution also devotes some attention to the recent review of the rules in France and to the debate on the reform of the rules in Belgium, which was set in motion two years ago by the Minister of Justice, K. Geens. The discussion of (the debate concerning) the latter two sets of rules not only increases the options for comparing the rules as they exist in the Netherlands and the rules in the surrounding countries. It also paints a clearer picture of the extent to which the rules for reviewing criminal cases diverge in the European Union. It is essential to have a good overview of the differences and similarities between these rules both for the reform of the rules governing criminal case reviews in individual states and for an informed debate in Europe concerning this important issue. ____________________


REGUALTION OF THE BENA PROMOTER IN ACINETOBACTER BAYLYI STRAIN ADP1 by CATHERINE AILEEN PENNINGTION (Under the Direction of Ellen Neidle) ABSTRACT LysR-type transcriptional regulators, BenM and CatM, tightly regulate the genes involved in aromatic compound degradation in Acinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1. BenM and CatM share similarities in protein sequence and promoter recognition, yet have striking differences in regulatory function. The experiments described here explore the regulatory role of CatM in the absence of a functional BenM. Spontaneous mutations in the catB promoter were identified in strains that maintained the ability to grow on benzoate as a sole carbon source in the absence of BenM. Characterization of the metabolism, gene expression, enzyme activity, and binding affinity of these mutants ultimately lead to a model of CatM-mediated expression of the benA promoter in response to increased intracellular concentrations of muconate.


Almstrup, O.: An introduction to Roy Schafer. Nordisk Psykologi, 1986, 38 (4), 253–263. This paper is an introduction to Roy Schafer's Action Language and his critique of Freudian meta-psychology. Within psychoanalysis this alternative is the most prominent, systematic reformulation of psychoanalysis as a humanistic, hermeneutic discipline. By quoting Schafer's writings over the last ten years, the paper reviews the rules of Action Language, psychoanalytic narration and interpretation, transference and resisting, and disclaimed and claimed action. All of these, Schafer reformulates in order to bring the person as an acting agent back into the analytic dialogue.


MOST pregnant patients with viral hepatitis can be cared for successfully and have full-term infants unless they have underlying nutritional problems. The type of viral hepatitis, the duration of the gestation at the time of infection, and individual immunologic factors may also affect the outcome. The responsibilities of physicians in these cases include obtaining an etiologic diagnosis of the hepatitis in order to provide optimal care of the mother and appropriate prophylactic treatment for the newborn. This discussion will focus primarily on hepatitis B virus infections since such infections are most clearly understood with respect to their transmission, their effects . . .


An ultracompact near-field optical probe is described that is based on a single, integrated assembly consisting of a gallium nitride (GaN) light-emitting diode (LED), a microlens, and a cantilever assembly containing a hollow pyramidal probe with a subwavelength aperture at its apex. The LED emits ultraviolet light and may be used as a light source for near-field photolithographic exposure. Using this simple device compatible with many commercial atomic force microscope systems, it is possible to form nanostructures in photoresist with a resolution of 35 nm, corresponding to λ/10.


Attitudes have become increasingly more accepting toward homosexuality, yet negative attitudes toward homosexual parents continue. There appears to be no research specifically examining Australian social work students' attitudes towards homosexuality and homosexual parenting. This article reports on a study of final year social work students in the undergraduate social work programme at one university in the State of Victoria. This study investigated student attitudes to homosexuality, and their knowledge and attitudes toward homosexual parenting as an alternative family unit via the administration of a questionnaire containing a number of scales and questions, some in response to a case vignette involving couples of different sexual orientations (lesbian, gay and heterosexual). It was found that most of the students had liberal attitudes toward homosexuality and homosexual parenting, and had high levels of knowledge about homosexual parenting. Students were generally favourable towards all three couples in the vignettes, but rated lesbian parents followed by gay parents most highly. It was found that the inclusion of the topic of homosexuality within the social work curriculum was extremely minimal. These findings are discussed within the context of previous research. The implications of the findings for curriculum development and directions for future research are also discussed.


Birch tree barks are regarded as waste in the pulp and papermaking industry and
 used as fuel. However, this material presents a source that contains many bio-based
 chemicals suitable for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals, plastics and
 composites, coatings, and antifeedants. Among the mixture of bio-derived chemicals in
 birch barks, triterpenoids, such as betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol, can be present
 up to 30% weight of dry bark mass. They are highly valued for their anti-tumor, HIV, and
 inflammatory responses. In our presented work, triterpenoid mixtures were extracted
 through a Soxhlet extractor using the barks from locally sourced river birch trees
 (Betula nigra) with an average yield of 10.6% (dry bark mass). The extracted materials
 were characterized using the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Advanced Polymer
 Chromatography (APC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and hydroxyl number
 titration to assess the identity, average molecular weight, triterpenoid content, and
 the number of reactive sites, respectively. The extracts have been used to synthesize
 bio-based polymers with promising thermal and mechanical properties using minimal
 processing steps. Birch bark extract naturally contains many potential reactive sites
 and thus making it advantageous for synthesizing polymers without requiring multiple
 purification steps. We demonstrate the potentials for increasing the utility of birch
 bark, contributing to sustainability challenges in materials science and
 engineering.


Thai speech synthesis by rule has been developed using cepstral parameters. To synthesize F/sub 0/ contours of Thai tones, the generative model of F/sub 0/ contours (Fujisaki's model) for tonal languages is applied. Along with our method, the pitch contours of Thai disyllabic words were analyzed. Based on the analysis of Thai polysyllabic words using this model, rules are derived to synthesize Thai disyllabic words, which we then applied. We performed listening tests to evaluate intelligibility of the model for Thai tone generation. The correct rates were 95% and 99% for no-meaning words and meaning words, respectively. The generative model of F/sub 0/ contours for Thai words was shown to be effective.


A little over a year ago, I retired from university life, and my increasingly acute hindsight ledme to recognize that I wasa reasonably competentdepartmenthead—but I truly excelled at complaining about most anything that crossed my path. It's questionable if being cantankerous is a skill that qualifies me for any emeritus award, but in this brief commentary, I will pontificate about a topic that has been bothering me for many years: the apparent lack of adequate training for the numerous people who use laboratory animals as part of their research. There are a multitude of multifaceted problems plaguing research reproducibility, most of which are not unknown to us in the scientific community. Efforts to lessen their occurrence and impact have emanated from the federal government, research institutions, journals, and individual laboratories. The key operational concept, as I thinkmost biomedical scientists will agree, is to lessen their impact, because it is nearly impossible to exactly duplicate the experimental conditions that lead to reportable research. One such condition is the technical competency of the people who use laboratory animals, which ranks in my opinion as a significant cause of research variability and in someinstances leads toanimaldeathand suffering, along with frustration for investigators, veterinarians, and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). By technical competency, I am referring to a person's expertise in performing a procedure using animals. This ranges from highly skilled to almost entirely unskilled, with the judgment of skill level being madebyapersonhaving enough familiaritywith the right way to perform the procedure to be able to make such a judgment. I will not dwell on the impact of technical proficiency–related stressors such as pain, infection, delayed wound healing, and so forth on experimental data. There is a growing literature on this topic, and it behooves every animal-using researcher to have at least a general familiarity with the subject to be able to recognize and control those variables to the best of his or her ability. Rather, I will comment on what I have experienced in my 50-plus years as a veterinarian, 40 of which were spent in laboratory animal medicine as a clinician, program director, and, yes, a researcher using animals. Let me offer a few common examples where good training or skills are often lacking. In major surgical procedures,wearinga facemaskbelow thenose andnotusing aseptic technique are commonly observed mistakes. Animals die frombeingput on overly hot "warming" surfaces while they are recovering from anesthesia. The esophagus is punctured during gavage, eyes are lost from incorrectly performed retrobulbar blood sampling, anesthesia induction and maintenance errors are frequent occurrences leading to deaths, and the list can go on ad infinitum. The most commonunderlying problem is not a lackof training but a lack of adequate training. In 1962, onmy first day of veterinary school, the dean addressed our incoming class and told us that to become an expert in a procedure, you should do it at least 500 times. He then added that you can do it wrong 500 times. Over the years, I have seen many people who have become experts at doing the wrong thing, but with the best of intentions. Then they teach the wrong or inadequatemethodology to newpeople, and the process repeats itself. Adequate technical competency often takes extended time and training (1, 2). Is it likely, for example, that a neophyte surgeon can become competent in tying off the main cardiac arteries of a mouse's beating heart after a few training sessions on dead mice, followed by even less training on terminally anesthetized animals, then directly progressing to survival surgery? It happens, and perhaps that is why there are so many dead mice in the lab refrigerator that never get reported to the IACUC. But there may be another contributing factor. It may be that the IACUC cannot adequately assess a person's technical competency based on the short description of skills typically found on a protocol application form. Instead, the committee may transfer its attention to the narrativeofhowthe investigatorwill relievepostoperative pain or other forms of distress—topics where more objective information is available, understood by committee members, and thus is easier to evaluate. There are, of course, practical realities to consider such as time, personnel, and financial limitations, and the reality that laboratory animals do not receive the same ethical consideration that we give to our own species. Certainly Iwould notwantmy cardiac surgeon tohave no more training than the mouse's cardiac surgeon, and I thank heaven that training programs for human surgeons would never let that happen. Still, the truth is that there is no simple answer to the question of howmuch training an average person needs to become competent with a given 1 Correspondence: University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. E-mail: jerald.silverman@ umassmed.edu


fall to Walter Scott, who had already begun a draft of a novel that would be published in 1814 as Waverley" (p. 94). Traces of a developmental model are still evident at the end of the study, which closes with the falling off, or limitations, of Romantic fiction—a ballistics theory of form, with rises, peaks, and falls. He ends, significantly, with a critique of Romantic discourse and its limitations in Peacock and in James Hogg, a final critique of the Romantic cult of subjectivity and the centred self: "Hogg's novel puts into question late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century assumptions about the coherence of the self, about the power of writing to make the inward self present to others, and about the self-validating authority of autobiographical and expressive writing" (p. 261). He brings together here the crucial questions that hover in and around this study about the novel and cultural power:


This paper highlights a new innovative approach to create and control multiple pulse laser ignition applied on a GDI engine. The results present the dual pulse effectiveness in super lean condition and it indicates the dual pulse has significantly improved the engine stability.


Pulverized coal firing boilers are widely used in power plants. Coal is pulverized into very fine particles and then mixed with primary air in horizontal pipes in the case of exhaust pneumatic convey system. The pulverized coal particles are conveyed by primary air to the burner and burn in the furnace. The concentration of pulverized coal in primary air should be well controlled to keep the safe and economic operation of the boiler. Credible measuring and controlling system is needed in engineering applications. Investigation of the mixing process shows that the pressure of primary air drops rapidly within the process, which gives the possible way to determine the pulverized coal concentration. The rapid pressure drop is mainly due to the acceleration of the pulverized coal particles. With energy balance analysis, study of the relationship between the mass flow rate of the pulverized coal and the pressure changes within the mixing process is done. The governing equation is achieved and the method of using two sections to measure the flow is proposed. The measuring and controlling system can be established according to the method. As a result, the measuring and controlling method provides a new way to meet the needs of engineering application.


OBJECTIVES
The objectives were to determine whether pretreatment with needleless jet-delivered lidocaine decreases self-reported pain in children undergoing needle insertion in the emergency department (ED) and to explore whether pretreatment with a jet device decreases self-reported pain in children undergoing needle insertion in the ED.

METHODS
This study examined needle insertion pain in children 5-18 years of age. In the first phase of this study, children received either pretreatment with jet-delivered lidocaine (0.2 mL of buffered 1% lidocaine; n = 75) or pretreatment with jet-delivered placebo (0.2 mL of preservative-free normal saline; n = 75) 60 seconds before undergoing needle insertion. This phase of the study had a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. In the second phase, an unblinded, nonconcurrent, nonintervention control group (n = 47) was examined to describe any effect of using the jet device. Patients reported pain upon administration of the jet device and at needle insertion using a 100-mm color analog scale (CAS). Patients also reported their satisfaction with this device. The physicians and nurses performing needle insertions were asked to rate their ability to visualize the vein and their satisfaction with the device.

RESULTS
The mean (+/-standard deviation [SD]) needle insertion pain score for jet lidocaine, 28 (+/-7) mm, was similar to the mean needle insertion pain score for jet placebo, 34 (+/-7) mm. The mean needle insertion pain score for both the jet lidocaine and the jet placebo groups were lower than the needle insertion pain scores for the no device group, 52 (+/-8) mm. The majority of patients receiving the jet device reported that they would request this device for future needle insertions. Providers' ratings of their ability to visualize veins and the patient cooperation were similar in all three groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Jet-delivered lidocaine is no more effective than jet-delivered placebo in providing local anesthesia for needle insertion. Jet lidocaine and jet placebo may provide superior analgesia compared to no local anesthetic pretreatment.


The power battery state of charge (SOC) in electric vehicles is not easy to measure accurately or apply a sensor but the expense is increased. However the variable of SOC is great importance to control of electric vehicles. A power battery model is built by the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) model to estimate the state of SOC. In order to make a high accurate estimate for SOC value, an information fusion algorithm based on unscented kalman filter (UKF) is introduced to design an observer. The test results show that the observer based information fusion and UKF are effective and accuracy, so it is may apply it the electric vehicle control and observation.


The thymic epithelium forms specialized niches to enable thymocyte differentiation. While the common epithelial progenitor of medullary and cortical thymic epithelial cells (mTECs and cTECs) is well defined, early stages of mTEC lineage specification have remained elusive. Here, we utilized in vivo targeting of mTECs to resolve their differentiation pathways and to determine whether mTEC progenitors participate in thymocyte education. We found that mTECs descend from a lineage committed, podoplanin (PDPN)‐expressing progenitor located at the cortico‐medullary junction. PDPN+ junctional TECs (jTECs) represent a distinct TEC population that builds the thymic medulla, but only partially supports negative selection and thymocyte differentiation. Moreover, conditional gene targeting revealed that abrogation of alternative NF‐κB pathway signaling in the jTEC stage completely blocked mTEC development. Taken together, this study identifies jTECs as lineage‐committed mTEC progenitors and shows that NF‐κB‐dependent progression of jTECs to mTECs is critical to secure central tolerance.


The aim of this study was to perform comparative experimental testing on modern luting composites and luting cements which have been in use for a long time. A zinc phosphate, a polycarboxylate, a glass ionomer and 5 hybrid glass ionomer cements, 2 compomers and 9 composites were included in the study. The flexural and compressive strength, Vickers hardness and abrasion resistance of all the products were measured. The dimensional changes in all the light-cured luting materials were tracked. In addition, the film thickness and shear-bond strength to titanium of all the materials were measured. An attempt was made to rank the materials within and between the different classes of luting materials (cements and resins). The composites displayed clear advantages over the cements, such as better mechanical properties and resistance under intra-oral conditions, and they can therefore be recommended for dental practice.


Low success frequency limits the use of anther culture in crop breeding. Increasing the capacity of crops to undergo the anther culture procedure is one approach to improving success rates. Nuclear and cytoplasmic factors and cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) have been reported to affect tissue culture response in wheat. The objective of Part I was to assess the relative importance of nuclear and cytoplasmic factors and determine if cms enhanced callus yields in anther culture of wheat. Three nuclear genotypes, each in normal cytoplasm and two alien cytoplasms conferring cms, were evaluated for callus initiation frequency. Cytoplasmic male sterility did not increase callus induction. The nuclear genotype of 'Chris' outperformed 'Butte' and 'Coteau' across all cytoplasms. Overall, normal Triticum aestivum and Triticum timopheevi cytoplasms outperformed Aeailops speltoides cytoplasm. Although nuclear genotype had the greatest effect, cytoplasm and nucleus X cytoplasm interaction were also significant. This suggests the best strategies for improving the capacity of wheat to initiate callus in anther culture involve improving the nuclear capacity for callus initiation. Heritability studies have suggested that variation in callus inducibility should respond to selection. The objective of Part II was to determine if crosses designed for improving callus initiation would produce segregation from which genotypes with improved callus inducibility could be selected. The winter wheat cultivars 'Centurk 78', 'Norstar' and 'Norwin' were chosen as parents based on their high callus initiation frequencies and diverse genetic backgrounds. F2 populations from crosses between each of these parents were evaluated for callus initiation frequencies and callus vigor. Heterosis was detected for callus initiation in the Norwin/Norstar cross and for callus vigor in all crosses, but is believed to be of minor importance. Heritability estimates of .25 and .37 for callus initiation in the Centurk 78/Norstar and Norwin/Norstar crosses, respectively, suggest substantial genetic variation is available from these crosses for improving this trait. Heritability estimates for callus vigor were less promising. INFLUENCE OF NUCLEAR AND CYTOPLASMIC FACTORS ON CALLUS INITIATION IN ANTHER CULTURE OF WHEAT by Philip William Becraft A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree > of Master of Science


With the development of WSN and the wide use of RFID technology,the efficiency of space location is improved.The paper designs an intelligent location system,which consists of WSN,RFID,algorithm of RSSI and DV-Hop.The experiment shows the network performance and the location effect are good enough.Connecting with the application prospects of coalmine inspection system,this system can be used on space location while the miners are working in the mine.There is a very important practical value.


Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) commonly occur in aged men, often as a result of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the most common benign disease. Treatment options for LUTS/BPH include behavioral, pharmacologic, and surgical interventions, with treatment decisions based on symptom severity, patient goals, and clinician preference [1]. Surgical management is typically chosen for severe LUTS or refractory urinary retention, recurrent urinary tract infection, gross hematuria and bladder stones, and worse renal function impairment [2]. Over the past three decades, surgical management of BPH has evolved from open simple prostatectomy (OSP) to less invasive procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), and laparoscopic or robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP). While OSP is conventional, TURP has been proposed due to technological advances that reduce invasive-related complications. HoLEP, a type of transurethral approach, is characterized by less bleeding and less invasive procedures with less hospitalization, regardless of prostate size [3,4]. However, transurethral approaches may not always completely remove prostate tissues, which can result in a higher incidence of bladder injury, urinary sphincter injury, and urethral stenosis [3]. Urinary sphincter damage can lead to postoperative urinary incontinence, which can reduce the quality of life of patients. Urethral stenosis can occur due to the insertion of a large urethral scope of 26 French, and the longer the surgery takes, the worse it can become. The incidence of urethral stenosis and incontinence after HoLEP has been reported as 1.2% to 7.3% and 0% to 2.4%, respectively [5]. In a real clinical setting, the incidence of these complications may be higher depending on the size of the prostate. To overcome the complications of endoscopic surgery, robot-assisted surgery has been proposed. A study by Umari et al [6] may be helpful in determining adequate surgical management for large prostate volumes exceeding 80 grams. During RASP, the field of view is widened, access is made easier, and sophisticated procedures can be performed. Because RASP is an antegrade approach to prostate tissues, the surgeon can identify


In this article theoretical and mathematical studies were performed to define integration prospects of electric drives based on back to back converters in an industrial smart grid. Back to back converters can be actively used in operation of supply power system of enterprise as they are able to provide controlled power factor and bidirectional power flow. A back to back converter contains PWM boost rectifier which can carry out a compensation of reactive power in the grid using the increase of the direct current voltage level on the value of the voltage drop on the input inductor. The principle of maximum using consumption current of back to back converter to improve the efficiency was proposed. This principle most appropriately applied for parallel working with a nonlinear load.


SUMMARY: Ilya Gerasimov reads the 2006 novel by Vladimir Sorokin Oprichnik as a literary experiment at constructing a society made of an ideal "national body" in 2027. Sorokin's notoriously carnal prose ideally suits this intention, and describes a society built upon the idealized Muscovite tradition, where "physiological" processes replace "sociological" ones. The triumphant "Holy Russia" is a monarchy, with a rigid social estate structure, dominated by the Orthodox Church and firmly controlled by the secret service and oprichnina, the restored institute of plenipotentiary officers introduced by Ivan the Terrible, directly responsible to the tsar. The country lives in tight isolation, literally surrounded by the "Great Russian wall," with a few gas and oil pipes running through the wall. All industrial goods, household items, and advanced technologies are produced by China, thus allowing for a steady infiltration of the Chinese inside the ideal and purified "Russian national body."  Gerasimov argues that Sorokin produced a sociologically accurate model of what a triumphant Russian ethnonationalist project would look like. A cult of pure national body determines a certain logic of political choices, be it the escalation of terror or the treatment of ethnic minorities. Gerasimov concludes that this "Holy Russia resurrected" as reconstructed by Sorokin is doomed because of its anti-intellectualism and determination to arrest any social dynamics and preserve the status quo at any cost, amid the changing sociopolitical environment. While Sorokin sees the main threat to this utopian society coming from the outside (mainly from "internal colonization" by the Chinese, prompted by the creative impotence of the new Russia), Gerasimov points to several other factors that have been only marginally outlined in the book.  The article deconstructs the metaphor of the national body and the persistent trope of violence in the new "Holy Russia." The idealized Russian "national body" appears to be more than the product of a writer's imagination. It is a logical implementation of a certain way of envisioning the Russian nation, popular among the Russian nationalists, and also familiar from Russian classic literature and social sciences.


ABSTRACT Contrary to the few other studies conducted in Southern Africa, mean site-index per soil series was only significant at a low level (P ⋚ 0,10). No significant differences were apparent when a broad soil grouping using only morphological characteristics was tested. It is concluded that detailed soil mapping for site index determination is not justified in the Umzimkulu District, Transkei.


Summary As statistical surveys show, both Poland and the neighbouring Czech Republic are single-ethnic and highly monolingual countries. The observation of the linguistic landscape of the Polish-Czech borderland suggests, however, that the display of common natural heritage is conducive to weakening monolingualism and the development of multilingual practices instead. The hypothesis is being checked in a comparative analysis of the linguistic landscape of two picturesque locations - Czech Adršpach and Polish Karłów where a lot of natural sights in the form of rocks can be found. The case study proves that different languages and communication modes are used to describe these attractions: lingua materna, lingua receptiva, and global or regional lingua franca. The research material includes 211 signs photographed in the Rock City in Adršpach and 283 signs photographed at local tourist attractions near Karłów, namely, on the Szczeliniec Wielki mountain peak and in the Błędne Skały area. The analysis covers both the language hierarchy as well as the specific multilingual character of information signs which refer mainly to the rock objects. The selected photographs are presented in the paper in the attempt to illustrate the particular linguistic practices in examples. The research is based on the assumption of applied ecolinguistics that the diversity of languages should be maintained through appropriate language policy and other activities supporting the preservation of the linguistic and natural heritage. This perspective might shed a new light on the moment of transition from the monolingual paradigm to more open and sustainable multilingual practices in the linguistic landscape of Polish-Czech borderland.


The Application of classic methods of the theory of plasticity and the linear method with redistribution of moments have been briefly discussed here. The major part of the paper is devoted to methods of static analysis when the moment-curvature relation is assumed in non-linear form accounting for tension stiffening effect. Two different definitions of plastic hinge have been presented, namely, the idealised hinge concentrated in a cross-section and the hinge smeared over a limited region. Numerical examples illustrate practical application of both definitions and demonstrate quantitative difference. Following the concept of the smeared hinge, the angles of mutual plastic rotation of two cross-sections at the distance of 1.2×depth of beam were computed using three different moment-curvature relations. Potential savings in structural material resultant from the application of plastic redistribution of bendings moments are discussed as well.


Nepal has great biodiversity, as a result of its extreme variations in altitude, ecology, farming systems and varied socio-cultural settings. In Nepal, about 200 plant species are consumed as vegetables. The aim of paper is to point out existing indigenous vegetables in Nepal and how these are utilized for food security and biodiversity conservation. Indigenous vegetables are considered valuable because of their ability to fit into year round production, adaptability to adverse condition and their nutritional value. But, only a very few indigenous vegetables are still cultivated at field scale. Most of them are neglected and, many landraces of vegetables are in the process of being replaced by modern varieties. Along with this, the indigenous knowledge associated with the cultivation, utilization, and conservation of indigenous vegetables is also endangered. But, there has been very limited information available about the identification, occurrence, collection, and utilization of indigenous vegetables in Nepal. In this scenario, promotion, conservation, utilization and commercialization of indigenous vegetables can be a better alternative towards improving the food security and nutritional status of the community, particularly those people residing in remote areas and in the hills.

 Key words: Commercialization, conservation, indigenous vegetables, landraces, vegetable diversity.


IoT related applications have risen as a significantfield for the two architects and analysts, reflecting the extent andeffect of information related issues to be unraveled incontemporary business associations particularly in distributedcomputing. This paper first gives a practical system that identifiesthe securing, the executives, preparing and mining territories ofIoT enormous information, and a few related specialized modulesare defined and described in terms of their key characteristics andcapabilities.Then current research in IoT application is analyzed,additionally, the difficulties and openings related with IoT largeinformation inquire about are identified. We likewise report aninvestigation of basic IoT application distributions and researchpoints dependent on related scholarly and industry productions. Atlast, some open issues and some average models are given underthe proposed IoT related research structure.


Dear Editor, A 55 year old Chinese man with a history of hyperlipidemia and benign prostatic hyperplasia presented in 2006 with lymph node swelling in his right posterior triangle of the neck. He had no history of chronic alcohol abuse. Physical examination revealed multiple firm and large lymph nodes, up to 4 cm in diameter. An excision biopsy of one of these lymph nodes was performed and the histology was reported as florid follicular hyperplasia with immunohistological staining showing phenotypically normal B and T cells. In May 2010, he saw an otolaryngologist for left submandibular swelling and fine needle aspiration yielded reactive lymphoid tissue on histology. The right-sided cervical lymph nodes were still present. In 2011, the patient developed progressive weight loss of 5 kg over 1 year. He had no fever, B symptoms, sicca symptoms nor joint pains. Meanwhile, there was gradual development of bilateral proptosis and mild chemosis of his eyes attributed to bilateral lacrimal gland swelling noted by his ophthalmologist. This patient was admitted in February 2012 for further investigations. His complete blood count was unremarkable, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was elevated at 70 mm/h. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-ENA (extractable nuclear antigen) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were negative. A computed tomography (CT) scan of his orbits and neck, thorax and abdomen showed bilateral enlarged lacrimal glands with indentation of the lateral recti muscles, diffusely enlarged right submandibular gland and bilateral parotid glands, multiple prominent mediastinal and hilar nodes, a long segment of circumferential mural thickening of the abdominal aorta and loss of the normal lobulated appearance of the pancreas (Fig. 1). Serum amylase and total serum calcium were normal. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass analysis revealed normal IgG4 level of 0.42 g/L (0.04–1.57 g/L). Biopsy of the right submandibular gland showed features of chronic sclerosing sialadenitis with storiform fibrosis, glandular destruction and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. Immunohistological staining for IgG4 showed more than 30 IgG4-positive plasma cells per high power field and IgG4-positive to IgG-positive plasma cell ratio of about 50%. Additionally, biopsy of the right lacrimal gland revealed features of sclerosing dacryoadenitis with a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells, IgG4positive plasma cells of more than 100 per high power field in areas and an IgG4-positive plasma cell to IgGpositive plasma cell ratio of more than 50% (Fig. 2). The patient was discharged while awaiting the histology results. He was hospitalized 1 week later to our institution for generalized drowsiness. An emergency CT scan of the brain and angiogram showed features of brainstem infarct secondary to an occluded basilar artery tip. The earlier imaging studies and histological results were reviewed. A diagnosis of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) with multi-system involvement was made based on the constellation of generalized lympadenopathy, orbital inflammatory pseudotumor, chronic


This study's aim is to evaluate the development of the KUBE Stimulant Assistance Program, both technically and non-technically. This background study is to examine the structural model built by constructing variables that hypothetically affect the sustainability of a KUBE unit. In addition, when we reviewed the successful aspects of the KUBE, which aspect is the most dominant factor. This sample took purposively from 186 KUBE (Fiscal Year 2016-2017) in 13 provinces and 16 cities. The results show us that from the aspect of program assistance, the quality of the human resources of the assistance is quite capable in terms of the age range, length of assistance, and education, in the other hand, from the Beneficiary Families (KPM) aspect, their age are still in productive age and there is a tendency for the type of KPM's business, these results can be important information for policymakers to make a policy that is relevant to the program in the future, especially in budgeting. Furthermore, for the structural model test, in the first model (Sustainability Model) the construct variables yet cannot explain the model significantly, but what needs to be underlined is that the partnership and social support variables become valid construct variables, so that it can be used in the next model improvement. Meanwhile, in the second model (Success rate Model), the construct variables indeed explain the model significantly, the model test results that the institutional aspect becomes the dominant factor in explaining the success rate of KUBE.


ScaleMT: a Free/Open-Source Framework for Building Scalable Machine Translation Web Services Machine translation web services usage is growing amazingly mainly because of the translation quality and reliability of the service provided by the Google Ajax Language API. To allow the open-source machine translation projects to compete with Google's one and gain visibility on the internet, we have developed ScaleMT: a free/open-source framework that exposes existing machine translation engines as public web services. This framework is highly scalable as it can run coordinately on many servers, efficiently managing the resources needed by the engines, and its API is compatible with Google's one. ScaleMT is based on previous efforts to build a web service for the Apertium machine translation toolbox, but we have also tested it with Matxin, another free/open-source transfer-based machine translation engine. Additionally, we have compared ScaleMT to an alternative web service implementation for Apertium, obtaining satisfactory results.


The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, In 2007, the Central Minnesota Sustainable Development Partnership contracted the Department of Forest Resources at the University of Minnesota to study private landowner perceptions of off-highway vehicle (OHV) use. This study characterizes how private forests and seasonal recreation lands in an eight-county region are used and the willingness of landowners to allow OHV access. The following results provide officials in the Minnesota counties of Becker, Cass, Crow Wing, Hubbard, Morrison, Otter Tail, Todd and Wadena with information about how best to manage for the increasing demand for places to ride OHVs and identifies the scope of conflict and use on private lands. A survey questionnaire was administered to private landowners in the fall of 2007 to assess their attitudes toward OHV riding, perceptions of the benefits and negative impacts of OHVs informing their access, and land management actions taken in response to OHV impacts. To inform design of the survey, and because little information exists regarding private landowner attitudes and perceptions of OHV access, four focus groups were conducted in the region in the spring of 2007. Results were used to develop the survey instrument reported on in this study. For the purposes of our study, private lands classified for tax purposes as seasonal recreation or timberlands were used to identify the sample population. Seasonal recreation landowners were selected because their lake cabins or other recreational lands are common in the region, and because their land is owned for the primary purpose of recreation. Timberland owners were selected because they generally posses larger parcels bordering tracts of public land, are frequently accessed by OHVs via state and county highways, and represent areas having key physical attributes desired by OHV riders. These landowners may also be affected by state-designated OHV trails and the nearly 37,000 registered users in the region (MN DNR 2005). A total of 4,271 timberland and 47,812 seasonal recreation landowners were identified from 2006 county tax records in the study region, representing almost 6.9 million acres. The sample population for the survey questionnaire was stratified by timberland (775 surveys sent) and seasonal recreation landowners (825 surveys sent) achieving a response rate of 60% and 51% respectively, with a sampling error of 5%. The average size of timberland parcels was approximately 95 acres with an average of two parcels owned …


Background. Several epidemiological studies have reported an increased cancer incidence among subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and in animal models intermittent hypoxia has been related to markers of cancer activity. Aims. To report nationwide data on the prevalence and incidence of cancer among all diagnosed Icelandic OSA patients (total population 320,000) Methods. Altogether 8.833 Icelanders 20 years and older (6311 males and 2522 females) had ever been diagnosed with clinically significant OSA from 1987 until December 2014. All subjects ever diagnosed with cancer in this group until 2014, were identified in the Icelandic cancer register. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was estimated. Results. The average age at OSA-diagnosis for males and females was 52.8 and 56.2 years, and for incident cancer 68.1 and. 66.6 years, respectively Among the OSA patients altogether 512 had been diagnosed with cancer when they were diagnosed with OSA. In the 88.542 person years of follow-up after OSA diagnosis there were 869 incident cancer cases (10.4) The most common incident cancer in females was breast cancer (n=68, 28%) and prostate cancer in males (n=200, 32%). OSA patients with cancer had similar body mass index, OSA severity and age at OSA diagnosis as those not diagnosed. In the ongoing age and gender specific risk analysis subjects under 65 years of age were at increased cancer risk (SIR: 1.2(1.1;1.3)), especially melanoma that accounted for 3% of incident cases in females and males (8/19 cases, SIR: 2.2(1.2;4.10) and 3.2(1.5;6.7),respectively) Conclusions. Nationwide Icelandic data show that OSA has a moderate risk association with some cancer types among subjects less than 65 years of age.


Facing the exist crisis and developing opportunity which college library was confronted with in the network surroundings ,this thesis ,discusses that college library must develop the readers' service which takes the innovating thinking as guide .Regarding market as guide ,taking the readers as the center work ,speeding up the building of campus information resource that regards the library holings as base ,the college library should expand the library service to the sharing resource service in the world and change the traditional service into the service in networking and informating.


CHARACTERIZING DEFECTS IN STEEL, ALUMINUM AND COPPER BY WAY OF POSITRON ANNIHILATION LIFETIME SPECTROSCOPY by Jason Lavaska Calloo Machines with moving parts develop wear and tear after some time of operation. Sometimes defects are on the surface, and thus are visible with the naked eye or with a microscope. However, some defects are seated below the surface and are unnoticeable by the human eye or by a microscope. One way of probing materials for these defects is by way of Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS). This sensitive technique was applied to characterize atomic-scale defects in aluminum and copper samples, as well as steel bearing raceways of different levels of usage. Measurements on aluminum and copper were performed before and after annealing near the melting point. Results show that average positron lifetime decreases significantly after annealing. Then steel bearing raceways were subjected to PALS measurements before and after mechanical testing. Results show an average increase in the positron lifetime of tested bearings as compared to the as-fabricated bearing. CHARACTERIZING DEFECTS IN STEEL, ALUMINUM AND COPPER BY WAY OF POSITRON ANNIHILATION LIFETIME SPECTROSCOPY A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Physics by Jason Lavaska Calloo Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2011 Advisor____________ Herbert Jaeger Reader____________ Paul Urayama Reader____________ Michael Pechan


The vocational guidance originated in occident and was introduced to China at the beginning of the period of Republic.Shanghai Vocational Guidance Institute was the first vocational guidance organization opened to the society in latter-day China.It's content of activities included vocation introduction,employment guidance,entering a higher school guidance,life guidance,commission or acting as a agent,etc.The set up and operation of Shanghai Vocational Guidance Institute promoted the vocational guidance in latter day China to develop from theory to practice,producing great influence in the society.As a case,Shanghai Vocational Guidance Institute reflected the course of vocational guidance in latter day China, meanwhile reflected some epoch traits of vocational guidance at that time.


In phase unwrapping, how to control the residues and cut lines is critical to unwrap ill-state wrapped phase map successfully. Some new concepts in phase unwrapping field are proposed. Firstly, the residues in three types, i.e., singular residues, normal residues and virtual residues, are classified, which leads to some rational unwrapping paths. Secondly, some differences between cut-line and curved line are analyzed. And finally, experiment is carried out to compare our new enhanced Goldstein algorithm with the original Goldstein algorithm.


But the number of women awarded tenure in the same period has fluctuated from as low as nine percent to as high as 15 percent in the 1980-81 academic year. And while 61 men received tenure between July 1983 and December 1984. only seven women were awarded lenure. two of those in the Nursing School, a school with a predominantly female faculty. Of the 23 tenure decisions made in the School of Arts and Sciences in the same period, two were given to women. Former Faculty Senate Chairman Phoebe Lcboy said last week that the promotion rate for women at the University has failed to keep pace with the number of new female junior faculty appointments. "The percent of total tenure awards given to women is significantly lower than what might be expected from the percent of women in tenure accruing positions over the last 10 years." she said. "In other words, women are not getting tenure according to their presence on Ihe junior faculty." "There is a discrepant) between the number of women being tenured and the number of junior faculty appointments." she added. "This discrepancy cannot be due to the number of women available for tenure." And since no report on the tcnuring of men and women at the University has been released since 1983, l.ebo\ Mid thai statistics on the mbjeci ire hard to come by. Provost rhomai Ehrtich Mid last week thai tenure ■ fot women ire MM readil) available, bui added thai ihe figures Jo exist, Finance Professot lean Crockcti also criticized the University's record in attracting and trnuring female professors "Ovei the last foui years, we have been making little il an) progress toward out affirmative action goals," the said i rocketl said that when women tenure, the) tacc unique obstacles, "I think thai women verj well ma) have to prove themselves bettet because there is less ol ■ willingness to give them the benefit of the doubt," she said " I'hcv have to prove themselves more convincing!) than men. Many nun in the facult) .tie lets willing 10 lake I risk on a woman, hui ihis varies greatl) from department lo depart come up for menl and from ichool 10 School." "Verj often, and I'm speaking from second hand n perience, it lias been a question ol voting*! men in depart incuts." she added "Some feel Ihieatened t>) "omen m the department and become sen unple.ts.inl " SAS Associate Dean fa Administration Walta Wales said I rida) thai ■ soon-to be released SAS uud) reveals that men and women have tared almost equal!) in his school's lenure process in the i-^ assistant profeason hired in SAS between 1974 and 1978. 99 were men and 26 were women Hurts one men hired wen) on to receive tenure while 14 women were promoted " I lie actual promotion rate varied from yeai lo year," Wales said "in the lowesi year, u percent ol the people appointed were promoted, and in ihe highesi yeai st pet ceni oi the people appointed were given lenure." (( ontinurtl on page I)


Takrolimus is a cornerstone immunosuppressant in the prevention of solid organ rejection following transplantation. After long-term use of twice daily tacrolimus, a new era of application of extended release tacrolimus for once-daily dosing ensued. The aim of this short communication was to compare pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus following its application as twice daily drug capsules, each 12 hours, and once-daily capsules with extended release in healthy people and patients. However, only future clinical trials would show whether these two drug formulations are really comparable as far as pharmacokinetic parameters are concerned, and, what is more important, taking into account longterm safety of extended release tacrolimus, survival of grafts and patients themselves.


I enjoyed the recent editorial by Förstl (2008) on time. Here he presents a different way of thinking about what might be happening to people with neurodegenerative diseases and the consequent difficulties for their carers. I was not so sure, however, how the neuropathology was meant to contribute to philosophical discussions about the nature of time.


A new approach to track manoeuvring targets is presented. A target model that combines Singer's model with a deterministic step manoeuvre model is also proposed to account for the various realistic evasive manoeuvre strategies. The interacting multiple models (IMM) method incurs a mean tracking error in the presence of a pilot-commanded abrupt target manoeuvre. A recursive real-time least-squares algorithm to compute the magnitude of the input acceleration is devised to reduce the tracking error. The combined scheme of this input estimation filter and the IMM algorithm markedly improves the tracking accuracy. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to that of the IMM algorithm, especially in velocity and acceleration estimations.


Some breakdowns are merely irritable. Not being able to phone to arrange a night out isn't going to kill anyone. But when you can't phone for help in an emergency, then a lack of the service we all take for granted is a lot more serious. Being able to ensure that the technology we use every day keeps working is therefore a part of the functionality, as much as providing the service in the first place.


Air pollution and climate change are two of the biggest multidisciplinary challenges in society today. The need to understand the chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere that dictate the impacts of both has created a wide range of research platforms. These include numerical models. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), emitted from both natural and anthropogenic sources, are oxidised in the atmosphere to form lower-volatility species that form organic particulate matter in the atmosphere through gas-to-particle partitioning. Chemical mechanisms, such as the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) (Jenkin, Saunders, Wagner, & Pilling, 2003), have been built to hold information of all relevant species and reactions in the atmosphere.


Olsen KM, Dahl S-A. Working time: implications for sickness absence and the work–family balance Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 45–53 © 2008 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare.

The article analyses the impact of working time on two outcomes: sickness absence and the work–family balance. Working time is distinguished along two dimensions: irregular versus regular working hours and control versus no control over working time. There are three main findings. First, working irregular working hours with no control over time increased sickness absence, for men. Second, irregular hours, particularly with no flexibility, caused distress to the work–family balance, for both women and men. Third, flexibility in the work schedule when working regular hours had no effect on sickness absence nor on the work–family balance. This last finding may be explained by the institutional setting: employees in Norway already have substantial flexibility in, for instance, access to leave of absence. The findings suggest that increasing flexibility may benefit employees who work irregular hours.


With increased adoption of social networking tools, it is becoming more difficult to extract useful information from the mass of data generated daily by users. Curation of content and sources is an important filter in separating the signal from noise. A good set of credible sources often requires painstaking manual curation, which often yields incomplete coverage of a topic. In this demo, we present a recommender system to aid this process, improving the quality and quantity of sources. The system is highly-adaptable to the goals of the curator, enabling some novel uses for curating and monitoring lists of users.


Bioefficacy of some insecticides viz., dimethoate, oxydemeton-methyl,  imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, quinalphos and triazophos was evaluated against citrus  psylla (Diaphorina citri) on Kinnow mandarin during 2002~2004. A pooled analysis over  thee years data revealed that two days after application, quinalphos (0,075%) gave  highest reduction (96.58%) in nymphal population ofcitrus psylla, This was comparable  to imidacloprid (0.008%) treatment recording 95.12% nymphal mortality. Seven days  post application, imidacloprid (0.008%) was found to be the best treatment followed by  quinalphos treatments (0.075 and 0.05%). Similar results were obtained ten days after  spraying also. The most effective treatment was imidacloprid (0.008%) causing 95.33%  reduction in nymphal population, but it was at par with quinalphos (0.075%) resulting in  93.04% nymphal mortality. Statistically, the bioefficacy ofquiualphos (0.075%) was also  equal to quinalphos (0.05%) and triazophos (0.075%). Evaluation of these insecticides  with respect to their dose and cost per application per acre, revealed that quinalphos  (0.05%) was the most cost effective treatment for the control of citrus psylla. Average  mean initial deposits of quinalphos in the pulp of fruits following its application @ l0.0  and 20.0 mL (0.05 and 0.10 % a.i.) per tree on Kinnow mandarin fruits were found to be  less than its maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.25 mg kg". The results, therefore,  emphasize that the fruit pulp is safe for consumption after one day of application at  both these doses.


Pure Ni12P5/SiO2 and pure Ni2P/SiO2 catalysts were obtained by adjusting the Ni and P molar ratios, while Ni/SiO2 catalyst was prepared as a reference against which the deoxygenation pathways of palmitic acid were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission election microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy of pyridine adsorption (Py-IR), H2-adsorption and temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen (H2-TPD). The crystallographic planes of Ni(111), Ni12P5(400), Ni2P(111) were found mainly exposed on the above three catalysts, respectively. It was found that the deoxygenation pathway of palmitic acid mainly proceeded via direct decarboxylation (DCO2) to form C15 on Ni/SiO2. In contrast, on the Ni12P5/SiO2 catalyst, there were two main competitive pathways producing C15 and C16, one of which mainly proceeded via the decarbonylation (DCO) to form C15 accompanying water formation, and the other pathway produced C16 via the dehydration of hexadecanol intermediate, and the yield of C15 was approximately twofold that of C16. Over the Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst, two main deoxygenation pathways formed C15, one of which was mainly the DCO pathway and the other was dehydration accompanying the hexadecanal intermediate and then direct decarbonylation without water formation. The turn over frequency (TOF) followed the order: Ni12P5/SiO2 > Ni/SiO2 > Ni2P/SiO2.


This research proposed an automated configuration parameter classification model to arrange optimized Hive Query processing environment on the Apache Hadoop Distributed File System. In this model, the Analysis statistic command issued to measuring expected performance for the Hive tables on the Hadoop yarn platform with varying combinations of parameter configuration. The e-heuristic methodology is applied to effectively shrinking parameter search space during automated tuning process. We controlled the transition between evaluation spaces using one main parameter and one auxiliary parameter that are expected to reach the global optimum in each evaluation space. This model identifies the Hive parameters that access Hive table optimally and expects to improve query execution time by 15% against to the default Hive settings.


Designed for modern language students, this guide takes you through the Library's resources to improve your research. Check out this collection of best web resources for modern languages and learn how to evaluate a website.


our author. Two large octavo volumes, closely printed and profusely illustrated, seem scarcely to have fulfilled her desires; and what a queer mixture of philosophy and folly it is! Read this: " The Kidney system creates or evolves Conscientiousness, Integrity, Morality. The width of the chin caused by the width of its bony structure causes conscientiousness as well as the strength and action of the Kidney system. A narrow, retreating chin shows that the kidneys are narrow and small; a broad, bony chin (if the


Machan—-one of the most interesting and profound speculators about late medieval English sociolinguistics now writing—-argues for "the strategic character of [Gower's] multilingualism, the way in which, within the grammatical and pragmatic constraints of a language, purpose can determine usage


Somatic revertant mosaicism is a rare phenomenon caused by spontaneous correction of a pathogenic allele and subsequent clonal expansion of the revertant cell. It explains patches of healthy skin in conditions like epidermolysis bullosa and improvement or absence of haematological conditions such as


Applying the advanced electromagnetic simulation software IES in designing and analyzing the space field of UHV substation transformer outgoing line nearby and the surface field of cellular conductor,divided conductor,shield ring and equalizing ring,so as to validate the feasibility of design proposal.


This work addresses the steady three-dimensional boundary layer flow of Maxwell fluid over a bidirectional stretching surface with homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions. A system of ordinary differential equations is obtained by using suitable transformations. Convergent series solutions are derived by homotopic procedure. Impact of various pertinent parameters on the velocity and concentration is discussed. It is noted that an increase in the Deborah number decreases both the velocity components. Also concentration distribution decreases for larger values of strength of homogeneous reaction parameter while it increases for strength of heterogeneous reaction parameter.


Underwater Robots play an important role in a number of shallow and deep-water missions. In recent years, Underwater Robots system design has been an active field of engineering researches. This paper proposes new system design for underwater vehicles combining the best features of both ROV (remotely operated vehicle) and AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) technologies. The system based on ROS platform and Ardupilot software is equipped with two types of navigation system setup (autonomous navigation and teleoperation navigation) capable of realizing precise motion control, navigating while performing SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) path-planning and obstacles avoidance.


In order to consider the influence of sedimentation and stress history on the settlement calculation and compression modulus, a formula for calculating the compression modulus and settlement of soil was derived based on the unified compression curve of the single logarithm model, and the applicability of the prediction formula was discussed by comparing the existing field monitoring data. Finally, a case study was conducted to explore the evolution of soil compression modulus and settlement under the conditions of sedimentation and stress history. The results show that: (1) For compression modulus, when the additional stress is small, the compression modulus depends on the early consolidation stress. With the increase of additional stress, the influence of the initial consolidation stress becomes less and less, making the compression modulus more and more affected by the additional stress. (2) With the increase of soil depth, the difference of sedimentation on settlement results becomes more obvious. Therefore, when calculating the settlement of deep soil layer, not only the influence of gravity stress, but also the influence of sedimentation on effective weight should be considered.


A unique three-dimensional nano-carbon electron emitter film with high emission current density at low electric field has been developed on stainless steel substrate by a direct current plasma chemical vapor deposition system. Scanning electron microscopy image taken from this film indicates that the film contains cone-like emitters whose array density is about 3×106/cm2. The center of each emitter is a carbon nanoneedle, and many carbon nano-walls are grown from the needle. Transmission electron microscopy observation reveals that the needles are hollow cone shape with bamboo-joint like structures on the side surface. Carbon nano-wall growth just starts from the bamboo joints. Raman spectroscopy was used to evaluate its graphitization degree and crystallinity. The I-V characteristic exhibits an emission current density of 143mA/cm2 at 2.2V/μm, and the field emission current is durable, making it possibly suitable for developing field emission devices.


The study aimed to determine the serum testosterone levels and the influence of obesity and cigarette smoking on testosterone levels in hypertensive men. Serum testosterone levels and blood pressure were measured in 40 hypertensive males and 40 age-matched non hypertensive healthy males in Calabar, Southern Nigeria, using the enzyme labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique and sphygmomanometric methods. The body mass indices (BMI) and personal data were obtained. The mean testosterone levels of hypertensives and non-hypertensives were found as 2.50 ± 1.60, and 9.00 ± 2.80 ng/ml, respectively. The testosterone levels of hypertensives were significantly lower than those of the normotensives (p<0.05). There was also a significant reduction in the testosterone levels of smoking hypertensives than those in non-smoking hypertensives (p<0.05). A significant variation was observed between the testosterone levels and the BMI, along with the finding that the testosterone levels decreased by increasing BMI (P<0.05). No age related decrease was observed in the testosterone levels in all subjects of the study. Hypertension, obesity and cigarette smoking are associated with lowered testosterone levels in men. The nature of the relationship between hypertension and testosterone levels needs further investigation.


Sir, The needle-through-needle technique for combined spinal-epidural anesthesia is based upon an epidural needle through which a long spinal needle is inserted to obtain spinal anesthesia. Then this spinal needle is withdrawn and an epidural catheter is introducted into the epidural space. While inserting the spinal needle through the epidural needle there is a danger of pushing the epidural needle further and creating a tear in the dura through which the epidural catheter passes inadvertently. Joshi and McCarroll (1) described two sets of needle-throughneedle techniques to perform the combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. They were concerned to find cerebrospinal fluid in the Tuohy needle after removal of the spinal needle. The Eldor needle (A.L.B. Medical Inc., Coral Springs, FL, USA) consists of an epidural needle with a spinal conduit at its side. After the epidural needle reaches the epidural space an epidural catheter is inserted and a test dose is given. Then a spinal needle is inserted through the spinal conduit, which is parallel to the epidural needle's shaft, until it punctures the dura (2). However, in order to avoid pushing the epidural needle's tip forward it is possible to withdraw the Eldor needle for a few milimeters, after the epidural catheterization, and then to insert the spinal needle through its spinal conduit (Fig. 1). This maneuver of withdrawing for a few milimeters the Eldor needle cannot be performed with the needle-through-needle technique because in the latter the epidural catheter cannot be inserted before the spinal needle. This advantage of the Eldor needle adds to the safety and reliability of the combined spinal-epidural anesthesia while using the Eldor needle technique.


All cases (77) of perinatal death between 1981 to 1983 are described and discussed. 15 pregnant patients arrived for delivery without any examination during the pregnancy. In 11 cases perinatal death happened in spite of regular examinations. The distance between the last examination and the date of perinatal death was in every case more than 4 weeks. 15 malformations could be registrated. 5 gravidae delivered at home and there the fetus died. A mistake in our management could be found 3 times.


Abstract Karyological study of «Helictotrichon versicolor» (Villar) Pilger ssp. «praetutianum» (Arc.) nov. comb. — Karyological investigations on Helictotrichon versicolor (Vill.) Pilger ssp. praetutianum (Arc.) nov. comb. (Graminaceae), from Alpi Apuane, have been made. The species, endemic of Alpi Apuane and Central-Southern Appennino, is diploid (2n=14), as Avena versicolor Vill. already studied by SKALINSKA (1956). The author reports on the karyotype, characterized by seven pairs of chromosomes, as follows: z = 2n = 14 = 2Ms 1 + 2M2 + 2M3 + 2M4 + 2M5 + 2M6 + 2M7.


The NA48/2 and NA62 (RK-phase) experiments at CERN SPS collected a large sample of charged kaon decays in 2003–2008, allowing one to study these decays with a high precision. The first result of the helicity-suppressed decay ratio RK = Br(Ke2)/Br(Kμ2) measurement based on the data collected in NA62 (RK-phase) experiment is presented. The result is in agreement with the Standard Model expectation. Using the data from both experiments collected with a minimum bias trigger in 2004 and in 2007, a large sample of K± → π±γγ decays has been selected and analyzed. This analysis led to a precision test of the Chiral Perturbation Theory. The first evidence for the rare decay K±→ π±π0e+e− is obtained in the NA48/2. The study of rare decay K±→ e±νγ is performed in the NA62 (RK-phase) experiment. The presented results are preliminary. The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS aims to collect of the order of 100 K±→ π±νν events in two years of data taking, keeping the background at the level of 10%. The physics prospects and the status of the construction of the experiment are presented as well.


Based on the theoretical study of hydrofluoric acid etching, the maximum strength of 2.6% elongation was achieved at the spliced point of the fibre. A new reinforcement method has been also developed, which provides a long-length fibre for cabling. The optical fibre containing these splices was cabled without degradation in optical transmission loss.


Finger millet is highly nutritious as its grain contains high-quality protein (7-10%). It is the richest source of calcium (344mg/100g), iron (3.9mg/100g) and other minerals. It is also rich in phosphorus (283mg/100g) and potassium (408mg/100g). The cereal has lowfat content (1.3%) and contains mainly unsaturated fat 100 g of finger millet has International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 09 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


This article profiles Dr. LeRoy Carhart, a physician aged 58 years who challenged Nebraska's 1998 ¿partial-birth abortion¿ statute. During his days as a medical student, he has witnessed a lot of women brought in near death from the effects of illegal, unsafe abortions. He started his abortion practice with the aim to make people healthy and help them achieve their life goals. However, under the terms of the partial-birth abortion statute, he found that he could no longer provide the same medical care he has offered for the past decade without putting him at risk of prosecution, imprisonment for up to 20 years and losing his medical license. He recognized that the criminal statute actually applied to abortion procedures he performs for women in the first and second trimester of pregnancy. When he petitioned the criminal statute, the US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit determined that the broadly written Nebraska ban was unconstitutional because it would prohibit some of the safest and most common abortion procedures used during the second trimester of pregnancy. Unfortunately, a month later, a sharply divided Seventh Circuit determined that similar bans in Wisconsin and Illinois were constitutional. Hence, the US Supreme Court was petitioned to review the Nebraska case to determine the law's constitutionality.


The characteristics of trade and the efficiency and stability of markets depend on how such markets are organised. Market microstructure, which analyses this linkage, is an area of research that has grown extremely rapidly over the past years. However, progress has essentially been made with regard to financial markets. The few articles devoted to the money market are either descriptive (and most often applied to the case of the United States), or based on data whose frequency is insufficient to capture certain stylised facts. For central banks, it is essential to have a good understanding of the practices and the organisation of financial and money markets, in particular the way in which they respond to monetary policy impulses. From a financial stability perspective, an in-depth understanding of market practices makes it possible to identify new categories of risk, such as short-term risk. In June 2006, the Banque de France organised in partnership with the Center for Research in Economics and Staistics (CREST) and the Europlace Institute of Finance (EIF), a conference on the microstructure of markets, and notably that of money markets. This conference brought together researchers from central banks, French and foreign universities and renowned research centres. Robert Engle (New York University, Nobel prize 2003) and S. "Vish" Viswanathan (Duke University) presented two invited conferences, and Thierry Foucault (HEC Paris), Joel Hasbrouck (New York University) and Suresh Sundaresan (Columbia University and Federal Reserve Bank of New York) participated in the closing roundtable. The discussions spanned a wide variety of topics that have attracted much attention over recent years: risk measures, the quality of financial markets, the structure of financial and money markets, etc.


This article aims to address the relationships between the virtual tutor and his/her competencies in distance education programs, considering it in the field of literacy and digital literacy, as reflected in the studies published in ANPED. By way of state of the art, there was a survey of publications between 2009 and 2013, circumscribed to the following working groups: GT08 Teacher Training; GT09 Work and Education; GT10 Literacy, Reading and Writing; GT11 Policy of Higher Education; and GT16 Education and Communication. The results show the predominance of qualitative research, which recognize mostly the relevance of the tutor's role in distance education, especially as its mediating function. They still show that, despite the applicant's concern with the tutor skills for transit in the virtual environment, references to skills related to digital literacy are relegated to the background in favor of other concerns: implications of ICT for teaching; tutoring and job insecurity; (under)utilization of ICT in the teaching-learning process etc. The results show, finally, the need for more research involving tutor's digital literacy with a view to their political implications for training and for teaching in distance education.


This Field Note provides some practical guidance on the use of tryptophan-like fluorescence (TLF) sensors for assessing water quality in drinking water sources. The guidance is based on experience gained using TLF sensors to assess microbiological contamination risks in groundwater sources used for drinking water in Africa and the Indian Subcontinent. This note covers the use of TLF sensors to make measurements of grab samples from groundwater sources. A suggested reading list of selected research papers that have used TLF sensors in the field is provided at the end of the Note for those interested in further details related to the use of TLF sensors in the field.


The present invention discloses a heat treatment apparatus, and particularly to a casting apparatus and a system for energy efficient annealing furnace combustion. Wherein, the apparatus comprising a casting furnace, a drying furnace heat exchanger connected to the annealing furnace and the casting is provided on one of two heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger connected. High temperature exhaust gas produced by casting into an annealing furnace heat exchanger. The present invention has the energy efficient, environmentally friendly, low-cost heat treatment, the effect of the operation accuracy and convenience.


In micro-EDM,the debris generated in machining process is difficult to be moved from the discharging gap,the discharge state is instability,and the material removal rate is low.A new method of piezoelectric ceramic(PZT) incentive synchronous compression discharge channel micro-EDM is presented based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of PZT piezoelectric ceramics,using a spark discharge and PZT sync pulse power.The system composition and machining principles are described,and its machining mechanism is analyzed in terms of the experiments.By the experiments,it is certificated that on the process of PZT sync compressing discharge channel machining,the state of discharge gap,the machining efficiency and quality can be improved,the throw out of debris makes easier,and then the stability of micro-EDM process is raised.A micro-hold is produced diameter in 67 μm with stable machining process by using a self-developed machining system,which indicates that this new technology has wide application prospect in the field of micro manufacturing.


This overview will focus on recent data from our laboratory. The four cloned human adenosine receptors stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells were studied with respect to signaling via cyclic AMP and mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases. Adenosine acted as a full agonist at all the adenosine receptors when increases (A2A or A2B receptors) or decreases (A1 and A3 receptors) in cyclic AMP accumulation were studied. Adenosine was approximately equipotent at A1, A2A, and A3 receptors, but approximately 50 times higher concentrations were needed at A2B receptors. The potency of adenosine was such that levels encountered under basal physiological conditions (30–300 nM) were sufficient to activate all but the A2B receptors. Inosine was a low‐efficacy agonist at A1 and A3 receptors but was inactive at A2A and A2B receptors. Thus, adenosine is the most important agonist and the only one at A2A and A2B receptors. When MAP kinase signaling was examined, adenosine was equipotent at all the four receptors, and significant activation was noted at 100 nM adenosine. The potency of adenosine is dependent not only on the type of receptor but also on receptor number. Thus, high potency of adenosine is seen only where the receptor is expressed abundantly. These and other results are reviewed and discussed in relation to agonist and antagonist effects in vivo. In particular, we summarize recent data that show that adenosine tonically activates A2A receptors in the basal ganglia. Some aspects of the use of adenosine A2A receptor antagonists in the treatment of Parkinson disease also are highlighted. Drug Dev. Res. 52:274–282, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


npHE issue of Oceania, Number 4 of Volume XL in June 1970, included an article, •*• " The Journal Oceania : 1930-1970 ", giving an historical account of the first forty years of its publication.1 The contributors to that Number were six out of seven surviving contributors to the first Volume of Oceania, 1930-31. The seventh, W. L. Warner, died a month before the Commemorative Number appeared, and one of the six, Hortense Powdermaker, died suddenly soon after correcting the proofs of her article. The remaining five are in active retirement : R. W. Firth, C. W. M. Hart, H. I. Hogbin, R. W. Piddington and myself. With the issue of Volume XLIII, No. 2 (December, 1972) I completed forty years as Editor and Manager of Oceania (needless to say, both honorary positions), and so this brief article is headed " After Forty Years ". Oceania was founded in 1930 by the Australian National Research Council, on the recommendation of A. R. Radcliffe-Brown (Professor of Anthropology, The University of Sydney, 1926-31). For almost twenty years expenditure exceeded income from subscriptions. The deficit was met by the Research Council from its research funds, on the principle that research included publication. As a member of the Executive Committee of the Council from 1935 to 1955, 1 know how very firmly its physical and biological members held that principle.2 We persuaded, without


Background: The improper disposal of olive pomace causes a serious environmental issue in Palestine because of its negative effects on soil, environment and ground water. The current study was aimed to investigate the potential of using olive pomace as soilless growing medium.
 Methods: During the period 2016-2017 two field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Palestine Technical University Kadoorie, Tulkarm, Palestine. In the first experiment, olive pomace was mixed with peat moss as follows (Op:Pt2:1, Op:Pt1:1, Op:Pt1:2 and Op100%). In the second experiment, olive pomace was mixed with peat moss and compared with different known growing medium as follows (Op:Pt1:1, Op:Pt1:3, Pt:Vr1:1 and Pt:Pr1:1).
 Result: Results of the first experiment indicated that the olive pomace treatment (Op:Pt1:2) produced the highest plant height compared to the other treatments. In the second experiment the (Pt:Vr1:1) and (Pt:Pr1:1) treatments produced the highest yield of cucumber without significant difference between those two treatments. The (Op:Pt1:1) treatment produced higher plant height, root depth, dry weight, yield production and fruit number of cucumber compared with (Op:Pt1:3) treatment.


The phasing of the charge-density wave/periodic structural distortion relative to the 3a0 commensurate unit cell of low-temperature 2H-TaSe2 is investigated in the light of recent experimental and theoretical work. In trying to accommodate all the data it becomes apparent that the phasing selected alters substantially with applied magnetic field; interpretation of the NMR and Hall coefficient measurements is at stake, and to a lesser extent the electron microscopy. The phase diagram develops striking resemblance to that modelled by Littlewood and Rice (1982) in connection with the pressure variable. The low-field/low-pressure structure is identified Consequences for the discommensuration array are discussed.


Abstract : Research activities covered in this document include the interconnection of hosts and networks, the development of a system SWITCH for virtual network connection, and our connction to the UK Post Office Experimental Packet Switched Service. Two topics covered in particular detail are the packet satellite project and the Transmission Control Program (TCP) experiments. These have particular relevance to other ARPA supported projects and so are treated in space depth. Finally, our measurement and facsimile activities are described, and UK use of ARPANET through the ULC TIP is evaluated. A list of conclusions that may be drawn from our research activities during 1976 is given at the end of the report. (Author)


In the present study use was made of the chelating ability of EDTA and the activating property of some metal ions Ca(II), Mg(II) or Mn(II) to counteract the inhibitory effect of Cu(II), Co(II), Pb(II) or Zn(II) ions on the B6-dependent kynurenine hydrolase and on kynurenine aminotransferase. These may be of help in studying the therapeutic trials in the treatment of metal poisoning. EDTA was able to counteract the inhibitory effect of Cu(II) or Co(II) on kynurenine aminotransferase and partially counteract the inhibitory effect of Cu(II), Co(II) on kynurenine aminotransferase and partially counteract the inhibitory effect of Cu(II), Co(II), Pb(II) or Zn(II) ions on kynurenine hydrolase. The difference in the response of the two B6-dependent enzymes to EDTA is attributed to the difference in the functional groups involved in the active site(s) of the two apoenzymes. Moreover, Mn(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions have the ability to counteract some of the inhibitory effect of these metal ions.


The invention relates to a method for recovery of lithium from the starting material containing lithium. According to the invention, the starting material is heated to a carbon in the reactor by carrying out the induction heating directly (direct inductive heating) of carbon.