The invention relates to a rapid cleaning device of a vehicle-mounted digestion tank. A closed tank body is arranged on a carrying platform of a vehicle body and is divided into a vacuum bin and a filtering processing chamber, wherein the vacuum bin is internally provided with a grating machine which divides the vacuum bin into a dung-water to-be-treated region and a primary filtering region, andthe dung-water to-be-treated region is provided with a feeding pipe; a hydraulic residual discharging system is arranged below a solid discharging hole of the grating machine in the primary filteringregion; the primary filtering region is internally provided with a sewage pump, a drainage pump, a slope filter, a water feeding tank and a water discharging tank are arranged in the filtering processing chamber, and the sewage pump, the water feeding tank, the slope filter, the water discharging tank and the drainage pump are sequentially connected. The device can rapidly move with the vehicle, can rapidly arrive at a digestion tank to be treated, can be used for cleaning the digestion tank to be treated, and is flexible. Liquid dung-water needs not be conveyed, the conveying amount is greatly reduced, and the conveying cost is lowered. The invention is less in investment, and ensures that the whole treatment cost of the digestion tank is lowered because a special dung treatment plant needs not to be constructed.


Dynamic magnetic susceptibility of a laminated composite of FeSiB/Pb(ZrTi)O3/FeSiB was measured. Alternating magnetic and electric fields in the ultrasonic range were simultaneously applied to excite the first mode of the longitudinal resonant vibrations of the composite sample. Significant enhancement of the susceptibility was observed when both fields had the same phase. However, the susceptibility was reduced by almost two orders of magnitude when the phase between the electric and magnetic field was shifted by 180°. This effect is interpreted in terms of combined magnetomechanical and electromechanical resonances that cause large dynamic strains in the magnetostrictive FeSiB ribbons and give rise to large changes of the magnetization when the strains in the magnetic and piezoelectric act in unison. In contrast, when the excitation fields have different phases, the strains in both materials oppose each other and the magnetoelastic contribution to the susceptibility is suppressed. The phase control of the magnetic susceptibility offers an interesting mechanism for applications, where fast modulation or rapid ON/OFF switching of susceptibility signal is required.


Three contrasting approaches to the epistemology of argument are presented. Each one is naturalistic, drawing upon successful practices as the basis for epistemological virtue. But each looks at very different sorts of practices and they differ greatly as to the manner with which relevant practices may be described. My own contribution relies on a metamathematical reconstruction of mature science, and as such, is a radical break with the usual approaches within the theory of argument.


Two novel microporous metal–organic frameworks were obtained by combination of a tetratopic linker and linear trinuclear cobalt(II) and cadmium(II) cluster subunits. The complexes exhibit unprecedented topological features and unique magnetic and photoluminescence properties.


Prof Reeves has no competing interests. The TITRe2 trial was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme (project number 06/402/94) and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment. The views and opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the HTA programme, NIHR, the UK National Health Service or the Department of Health. Transfusion Indication Threshold Reduction


Borehole gravity surveys have been used in Northern Michigan to make producers out of otherwise dry holes. Wells which are drilled in thick, tight, salt-plugged reefs may have encountered a very restricted, tight facies. The borehole gravity survey can be used to detect nearby porosity. Such porosity zones can be entry beds to the main reservoir. The basis for qualitative interpretation is to determine the sidewall lithology and then evaluate which rock parameters could vary laterally to change bulk density. Porosity changes produce distinct low density deflections on gravity log plots. The bases for quantitative evaluations are the results of computer models or of simple cylindrical models. The maximum distance to a porous zone can be calculated using a cylindrical or ring-shaped model.


This paper uses available evidence to project the impacts of national mandatory deposit legislation for beverage containers. Container litter should decline by 70 percent with 70 percent of redeemed containers recycled. This comes at an estimated cost of over $3 billion annually. Due to these high costs, alternative approaches should be evaluated first, with a national bottle bill adopted only as a last resort and then only with broad public support. Along with the impacts of the law, its operational characteristics require more research attention. Several directions for policy analysis are identified.


Our data warehouse system is to aid new product developing decision in the prospect of quantity of market sale. In fact, the data warehouse can not exist seperately without data sources such as database, so this system should cover database system. We put forward an architecture on the basis of this background and requirement. This thesis focuses on a data manage method apart from the architecture. Because the method is based on the mixed datawarehouse model of object oriented technic and snow-flake model and extended SQL, it not only coordinates the management of data warehouse with the management of database, but also makes the system have the function of efficient search.


We examine the extent to which random samplings from the values of a random set, determine the distribution of the random set itself. We also comment on how, given the statistics of the sampling, to detect the distribution. Several methods are displayed, leading to positive results, counterexamples, and open problems.


The laminar cooling process for the hot-rolled strip is very complex, and the identification of k related to the heat transfer is critical to improve the mathematic precision. So a study of heat transfer parameters is carried in the paper, and the proposed approach is based on the hybrid multi-intelligence technology, where the RBF neural networks, CBR have been used to obtain the parameter estimates. A number of tests using industrial data have been conducted where desired numerical results have been obtained.


The paper is concerned with formulation of the gas dynamic conservation equations for the individual species in a non-equilibrium partially ionized gas mixture. As an example, the conservation equations for the electrons and the overall conservation equations are developed for a three component plasma consisting of electrons, singly-ionized positive ions and neutral atoms. Non-elastic collisions are represented by the collisional-radiative decay mechanism of Bates, Kingston & McWhirter (1962a, b). Maxwellian velocity distributions are assumed, but the electrons are allowed to have a temperature different from the heavier particles and to drift relative to them. Particular attention is given to the electron energy balance equation which differs from that used by other investigators.


Summary Because of its perceived cost advantage, most N fertiliser applied to mid-rotation Pinus radiata in Australia is in the form of urea. However, the potential for large N-volatilisation losses from urea may reduce its cost-effectiveness, and result in significant over-estimation of expected growth responses. The volatilisation loss of N from urea was compared with that from ammonium sulphate at two sites in radiata pine plantations aged 17 and 27 y, using a mass balance method in which 15N enriched fertiliser (200 kg N ha−1) was applied to microplots. Rainfall was excluded from the plots, but deionised water was added periodically, equivalent to a total of 12 mm over 28 days. Recovery of N from each fertiliser form was determined at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. After 28 days, 41% of the N applied as urea (equivalent to 83 kg N ha−1) had been volatilised, compared with no significant N loss from ammonium sulphate. Significantly, 76% of the total loss of N from urea occurred during the first week. There was a significant difference in N losses between the two sites which may have been related to differences in forest floor mass, moisture content and evaporation rate. After accounting for N volatilisation, urea is still more cost effective than ammonium-based forms of N fertiliser. However, applying urea during winter or in formulations which reduce the rate of hydrolysis could reduce N volatilisation losses and thus improve the cost effectiveness of N fertiliser use in mid-rotation pine plantations.


Fan chi once asked Ren, Confucius answered love. From here, we all think that the Ren has a mean - love. In spite of this, we changed the Ren to love to read the analects of Confucius is met a lot of contradictions. Therefore, the author tries to look at this discusses the real meaning of Ren, and found Ren had entered the social, choice conforming to the meaning of the monarch. Therefore, Confucius is not Ren is equivalent to the meaning of love, but the one of the main characteristics of Ren for love. From this point of view, we can doubt whether Ren asked us have to follow? In other words, said Ren can be said to obey, and obedience to have two kinds of meaning: one is the positive obedience, the other is the meaning of negative follow blindly. So in the analects of Confucius, and another disciple Zi lu and Zi gong attacked the Guan zhong not follow his monarch die together. However, Confucius did not agree with their opinion, instead of correcting the idea said "it is just the surface of the kernel." Therefore, Ren of the real meaning is choice to comply with the monarch to settle the country and make people life safe.


The symbol error rate (SER) is investigated for colour-shift keying (CSK) modulation in visible light communication system with red/green/blue LEDs. A new concept of pseudo signal-to-noise ratio is proposed to illustrate the relationship between the signal power and the noise power since the traditional electrical signal-to-noise ratio fails to capture the properties of CSK signals. The authors map the three-dimensional (3D) signal space of CSK signals to a 2D plane because the decision region of constellations in 2D space is easy to analyse and is proved to be equivalent to that of 3D signal space. The symbol error probability for a certain constellation is calculated as the summation of the probabilities of the received signals lying outside the decision region. As the SER is formulated as the weighted sum of error probabilities for all constellations, an analytical expression for SER is derived for certain constellation distribution. Moreover, a general formula for 22n -CSK modulation is derived by exploiting the distribution regularity of 4CSK and 16CSK. The SER expression for CSK modulation is evaluated approximately using the numerical Gaussian formula. Simulation results show that the analytical expression can predict SER performance accurately.


We report on the development and implementation of methodologies dedicated to soft X-ray imaging by coherent scattering in reflection mode. Two complementary approaches are tested, based on Fourier transform holography and on ptychography. A new method for designing holographic masks has been developed. Our results represent a feasibility test and highlight the potential and limitations of imaging in reflection mode. Reflectivity is less efficient than transmission at soft X-ray wavelengths, hampering the acquisition of good quality images. Nonetheless, it has the potential to image a wider set of samples, notably those that are not transparent to soft X-rays. Although the images obtained so far are of modest quality, these results are extremely encouraging for continuing the development of coherent soft X-ray imaging in reflection mode.


This article discusses the status of ownership in the history of civil law and puts the concept of ownership on the specific historical atmosphere.Then this article talks about the special status of the concept of ownership from the perspective of civil law.After that,the author analyzes the challenge of ownership in modern society.The challenge mainly comes from the importance of the use of property.In order to meet the challenge,this article suggests adopting the concept of "the equity of property" and rebuilding the system of property law.This article also proposes some typical kinds of ownership and analyzes their significance on the theory and practice in modern China.


Topics include "Wireless Technology Leaps the Last Mile," "Researcher Turns Computers into Better Listeners," and "IBM Puts Encryption in a Processor.


We review some selected results from lattice field theories
 beyond QCD. In particular we focus on finding evidence for the
 existence of infrared fixed points, on the dynamics of theories just
 outside the conformal window, and on the recent interest for
 simulations of Composite Higgs models. We discuss the potential
 impact of lattice simulations on BSM model building.


In this paper,a new fast 4×4 intra-prediction mode selection algorithm is put forward. The character that different pixels have different frequency weight in different direction,together with smoothness and correlation of neighbor block,were taken into account to design three adaptive thresholds which were used for mode selection. Experiment results show that the new algorithm can decrease drastically complexity of current 4×4 intra-prediction while only increase a little code rate,and besides,the PSNR is almost unchanged,especially for high quality image.


Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) exhibit sexual dimorphism with males demonstrating a 4-fold higher incidence compared to females. Our lab has shown that both sex hormones and sex chrom...


This book consists of one chapter on classical theories of allegory and one on Christian theories, totalling 86 pages. The text is supple mented by a 20-page appendix translated by Rollinson from the fourth-century grammarian Diomedes and a 68-page appendix, by Patricia Matsen, of translations from rhetorical works in Spengel's Rhetores graeci.


This article examines the nature of governance in the Co-operative Academies Trust which comprises academy schools in England sponsored by the Co-operative Group. The historical and political context for the study is summarised, the research methodology is explained, and data are drawn upon from one case study academy. Structural, organisational and operational deviations of the Co-operative Academies Trust are outlined. The findings illustrate a values-led, branding message and strategic identity, and the placement of senior Co-operative Group employees in the Local Governing Body to ensure the strategic direction is focused upon co-operative values and community. Operationally, the engagement with stakeholders privileges a rational-goal approach, but signs of cultural shift are occurring concurrently with parent forum members demanding deliberation and voice in decision-making.


(57) Abstract: discloses a method of treating a patient identified as having hemoglobinopathies characterized by reduced oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. The method, in order to be taken in (i) patients, or (ii) to treat patients with red blood cells ex vivo, include providing a gaseous nitric oxide and / or carbon monoxide. Or a nitric oxide-releasing compound can be administered to a patient.


Abstract The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of symptoms that function as risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and its key components—diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension—form a lethal combination. The incidence of obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome is now at epidemic proportions, and current lifestyle trends suggest that it will continue to increase worldwide. In order to avert a major health crisis, physicians must take immediate steps to recognize and treat the metabolic syndrome and its components. Early diagnosis and therapeutic lifestyle changes should go hand-in-hand with individual and composite therapy for metabolic syndrome components to reduce CVD risk in affected individuals. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and treatment of the metabolic syndrome with a particular emphasis on reducing CVD risk.


In order to streng then the molecular breeding research of rice and improve rice yield,plant type structure including plant height,tiller number,tiller angle and spike characters was reviewed.The research progress of relevant genetics of rice plant type structure was summarized,and plant type breeding was prospected through genetic engineering.


Objective To investigate the effect of female hormones on growth of endocrine and the application of sex hormone detection in diagnosis and treatment of female infertility.Methods One hundred and five cases of infertility patients according to hormone level were divided into follicular phase group(35 cases),ovulation phase group(35 cases) and luteal phase group(35 cases),105 health examination personnel ranking 3 phases were selected as 3 control groups,and each control group had 35 cases,and immune luminescence technology was applied to detect six indicators of sex hormones,including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),PRL,luteinizing hormone (LH),estradiol (E2),progesterone (P),testosterone(T).Results Infertile group of follicular phase whose FSH,PRL,E2,P,T,compared with control group had significant difference (P < 0.05),and in ovulation phase FSH,LH,E2,T of infertile group were different compared with control group (P < 0.05),and in luteal phase PRL,LH,P of infertile group were different,compared with control group either(P < 0.05).Conclusions Reproductive endocrine factors has an important position in occurrence of infertility,and sex hormone detection can assist in diagnosis of female infertility.

Key words:
Infertility;  Sex hormone ;  Diagnosis ;  Laboratory


The photoabsorption spectrum of the ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule and those of Xe and Ba atoms inside the ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule are calculated using a jelliumlike model for the confining cage. The dynamic electronic response to an external electric field is obtained through time-dependent density-functional theory. The photoabsorption cross section for ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ shows strong collective resonances corresponding to plasmonlike excitations. The resonant 4d photoemission of the free atom is suppressed by the carbon cage, resulting in a weakly oscillating spectrum.


Under triaxial deviatoric loading at stresses below failure, rocks generally exhibit nonlinearity and hysteresis in the stress‐strain curve. In 1965, Walsh first explained this behavior in terms of frictional sliding along the faces of closed microcracks. The hypothesis is that crack sliding is the dominant mode of rock inelasticity at moderate compressive stresses for certain rock types. Here we extend the model of David et al. (2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.02.001) to include (i) the effect of the confining stress; (ii) multiple load‐unload cycles; (iii) calculation of the dissipated strain energy upon unload‐reload; (iv) either frictional or cohesive behavior; and (v) either aligned or randomly oriented cracks. Closed‐form expressions are obtained for the effective Young's modulus during loading, unloading, and reloading, as functions of the mineral's Young's modulus, the crack density, the crack friction coefficient and cohesion for the frictional and cohesive sliding models, respectively, and the crack orientation in the case of aligned cracks. The dissipated energy per cycle is quadratic and linear in stress for the frictional and cohesive models, respectively. Both models provide a good fit to a cyclic loading data set on polycrystalline antigorite, based on a compilation of literature and newly acquired data, at various pressures and temperatures. At high pressure, with increasing temperature, the model results reveal a decrease in friction coefficient and a transition from a frictionally to a cohesively controlled behavior. New measurements of fracture toughness and tensile strength provide quantitative support that inelastic behavior in antigorite is predominantly caused by shear crack sliding and propagation without dilatancy.


Fiber Bragg grating is sensitive to temperature and strain, which lead to the temperature compensation must be considered when the FBG strain sensor is applied. Discussed several typical temperature compensation scheme for the applicability of the FBG strain sensor, analyzed the important factors which affected the compensation accuracy of FBG strain sensor. Based on the reference grating temperature compensation scheme, we designed an encapsulation structure of FBG strain sensor with built-in temperature compensation grating. This structure is simple, practical; also calibration test and outdoor test have proved that it has a good temperature compensation effect.


Full-bridge LLC resonant converter using a contactless transformer for the photovoltaic power system is proposed. This converter has inherently several advantages such as zero voltage switching(ZVS) of the switches in the primary and zero current switching(ZCS) of the rectified diodes in the secondary without any auxiliary circuit. In this paper, the experimental results of the full-bridge LLC resonant converter using a contactless transformer are verified on the simulation based on the theoretical analysis and the 150W experimental prototype.


Patients with myasthenia gravis are commonly misdiagnosed as having a psychiatric disorder; this leads to considerable delay in reaching the correct diagnosis and in instituting appropriate and effective treatment. Patients who are most at risk are those with somatic presentations (limb weakness, fatigue) in contrast to ocular or bulbar presentations. Similarly, those who manifest anger or anxiety traits are more likely to be misdiagnosed.


To improve single-handed operation of mobile devices, rear touch panel operation to control commands and facial feature detection to control cursor position are proposed. Operational control is achieved through finger chord gestures on a rear touch panel, and nose movement is used to control cursor movement. Zooming is achieved by detecting the apparent distance between the left and right eyes in conjunction with a finger chord gesture. We have evaluated movement time, error rates, and the throughputs of these techniques in comparison with the conventional single-handed front touch panel thumb operations using Fitts's law. Experiments have been conducted to evaluate two operation modes, selection and zooming, in the form of reciprocal 1-D pointing tasks with 12 participants. For the target selection task, the proposed technique achieved 12% (0.26 s) shorter movement time and 4.7% smaller error rate than the conventional method on average. Especially, for long distance targets, the performance of the conventional method became remarkably inferior due to the limit of reach of the thumb, whereas the proposed technique achieved much less deterioration and obtained expected performance because the cursor could reach anywhere on the display. For the target size adjustment task, the proposed technique achieved 9% (0.22 s) shorter movement time than the conventional method and obtained a comparable error rate of less than 4%. Consequently, we could demonstrate the techniques that make single-handed select and zoom operations available anywhere on a large-sized tablet device with no blockage of the display.


In Walker delta constellations, satellites moving in different directions form two meshes. Inter-mesh links that connect satellites in different meshes are typically not used due to high relative speed. However, this hurts the end-to-end delay performance. In this letter, we aim to find a tradeoff between the system complexity of establishing such links and the delay performance. An inter-mesh link scheduling method is proposed by considering multiple constraints, including link distance, angular velocity, link setup time, and link switching frequency. First, for a given set of satellites, a set of candidate inter-mesh links are identified which fulfill link distance and angular velocity constraints and maximize topology duration. The inter-mesh links are selected based on maximum matching in general graphs. Then, a set of satellite positions are identified which prolong the topology duration. Based on these positions, satellites in an orbit alternately establish inter-mesh links to fulfill the link setup time constraint. Simulation reveals the benefits of the proposed method: the average end-to-end delay is reduced significantly with acceptable system overhead.


Using a unique proprietary data set of trades by all large traders in the crude oil, gasoline, and heating oil futures markets, we explore determinants of their individual trading profits/losses. Consistent with the risk premium hypothesis, hedgers' mean trading profits are significantly negative while speculator's trading profits (hedge funds especially) are significantly positive. Moreover, the profits of individual traders (whether speculators or hedgers) are a strong positive function of the extent to which the trader shorts (longs) when likely hedgers in the aggregate are long (short). While some individual traders may have an informational advantage, the trading profits of speculators in general and hedge funds in particular are due to their employing trading strategies which take advantage of the risk premium, i.e., longing (shorting) when hedgers in the aggregate are net short (long). Thus our evidence indicates that speculator profits are primarily due to the liquidity and risk absorption services they provide hedgers. Market makers realize significant losses on their overnight holdings, which is consistent with findings in prior studies for other markets that any information advantages they may possess are short-lived. We also find that (excepting households) speculator profitability is a positive function of the rates at which speculators turn over their portfolios.


Crosstalk noise can significantly reduce data transfer reliability in emerging photonic network-on-chip (PNoC) architectures. Undesirable mode coupling between photonic signals at microring resonators (MR) is the main cause of crosstalk in photonic waveguides. As emerging PNoC architectures employ dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) with multiple cascaded MRs, these architectures suffer from high crosstalk levels. In this paper, we propose a novel solution to this problem, by increasing the wavelength spacing between adjacent wavelengths in a DWDM waveguide to reduce crosstalk noise. Experimental results on two photonic crossbar architectures (Corona and Firefly) indicate that our approach improves worst-case signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by up to 51.7%.


When programming with procedure-oriented language like C,traditionally,the structure analysis and design method is usually used.But,it is worthy of exploring how to combine with Object-oriented(OO) thinking in programming in C.The technology and feasibility(about) a combination of programming in C and OOD is studied on the basis of analysis of Linux(kernel) codes.


uccessful stormwater master planning efforts have several key elements including goal setting, problem identification and assessment (flooding, water quality, and ecological considerations), development of prioritized solutions, and public involvement. This article presents two case studies that include these key elements. For brevity, select details of these general elements have been highlighted. These details include goal setting, stormwater modeling efforts (highlighting the importance of model calibration) for planning and design, and improved operation and maintenance.


In the last two decades we have witnessed the decline of streptococcal infections and the near disappearance of acute streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The more recent published literature focuses on glomerulonephritis associated staphylococcus infection1. These conditions are frequently characterized by the presence of glomerular dominant IgA deposits and are known worldwide as IgA dominant staphylococcal glomerulonephritis. Glomerular IgA deposit is the central feature in these circumstances, crucial for the diagnosis but occurring in many other conditions, requiring different approaches.


Spatial decision support system (SDSS) is based on the geographic information system and takes the model base as the core. It is an object oriented, spatial information oriented and user oriented decision system with the functions of information analysis and storage, information evaluation and prediction as well as information decision and management [1]. The regional tourism planning decision supporting system is integrated with geographic information system to develop the regional tourism planning spatial decision supporting system with the case study in Anhui province. The modules of the system include data management subsystem, model base management subsystem as well as results presentation and output subsystem. The non-spatial database is designed by using SQL Server2000, the management of spatial information is achieved by using ArcGIS9.2 and MapObjects, and the modules are implemented by using VB. It is basically achieved analyzing, evaluating, predicting and optimizing the tourism planning of the research area by structuring the regional tourism planning spatial decision supporting system.


The utility model relates to an intelligent gas meter of the Internet of Things based on a WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) technology, which comprises a central processing unit, an IC (integrated circuit) card interface unit, a memory unit, a display unit, a key unit, a WIFI wireless communication unit, a pulse detection unit and a power supply unit, wherein the pulse detection unit is connected with a gas flow sensor, the power supply unit is used for providing working voltage for a whole gas meter, and the IC card interface unit, the memory unit, the display unit, the key unit, the WIFI wireless communication unit and the pulse detection unit are respectively connected with the central processing unit. Direct access to the Internet through a near WIFI network can be realized, the problem of original difficulties in wireless networking can be solved directly through a TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol), the intelligent gas meter has the advantages of stable connection, rapid access, high success rate of meter reading and reliable protocol, accurate meter reading can be realized, and convenient and rapid data communication with a management terminal can also be realized.


The management of school physical education is an important component to maintain school sports teaching order and protect the sports teaching quality. The effect of school physical education management depends on the level of scientific management. Total quality management theory is an important theory to improve the efficiency of business operations,which emphasizes the overall management,staff management,preventive management,service management and scientific management,has the stronger reference for the school physical education management.


One suitable large sturgeon nested pond, pool comprises an outer ring, characterized in that: the center of the outer ring is provided with inner nested cell pool, outer tank and the inner tank through the wall into two compartments independent space, and has a separate drainage system and the water system, the top of the wall outside the wall of the outer ring and the inner tank is connected to the bridge, near the bottom of the outer tank at the tank wall and the gate is provided annularly set of pipes, the inner center of the pool with the water collecting port, and the collector connected by a collector tube outlet and the drainage system. When using the present invention, the small size of the inner feeding on sturgeon pool, the pool on the large size of the seed culture of the outer ring, the breeding space saving, and has its own water supply system and drainage system, feeding more for safety, especially for Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser other large sturgeon farming.


Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with elevated reward sensitivity and persistent positive affect, yet the neural mechanisms underlying these patterns are not well understood. In the present study, we examined putative disruptions in communication within a well‐known cortico‐limbic reward circuit during reward processing as a potential contributing mechanism to these symptoms.


The single-longitudinal-mode operation with dual-wavelength emission at 1319 and 1338 nm are realized by carefully designing coating specification for monolithic Nd: YAG lasers. The beat frequency can be linearly varied by increasing the external force.


The present paper gives investigations on the conventional and split cooling types for a new inline 4-cylinder automotive engine currently udder development at Hyundai Motor company. Two types of cooling systems are developed by modifying cylinder head gasket and are optimized to their best extent through the study of flow visualization experiment and CFD analysis. The engine equipped with both cooling types is extensively experimented and analyzed in tenns of engine metaI temperatures, fuel economy, knocking intensity, heat balance, and vehicle cooling performance. The various results lead us to conclusion that the improvement of fuel economy, reduction of engine flow resistance resulting in widened margin of vehicle cooling system design, and other desirable features are primary advantages of split cooling type over conventional one.


The invention relates to an interference objective (1) according to Mirau with an objective lens (2), a between the objective lens (2) and a to be examined object (5) arranged divider element (4) for dividing the incident light into a sample beam path (7) and a reference beam path ( arranged 6), wherein the objective lens (2) focuses the sample beam path (7) to (to be inspected object 5), and (with a (between the dividing element 4) and the objective lens 2) mirror element (3) for reflecting the reference beam path (6), wherein the interference objective (1) includes a phase shift compensation element for compensating for a wavelength-dependent phase shift between the reference beam path (6) and which with this overlapping sample beam path (7).


Communication in the business world is significantly considered capable of overcoming various problems faced by a company.  Various strategies are needed to survive every business challenge today.  Communication strategies play a significant role in marketing goods or services. This study aims to find and analyze the marketing communication strategy of airplane ticket sales at PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch. This study applies a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection is done through observation and interviews. The result of this study is that the owner and employees of the company have carried out some marketing communication strategies (Morissan, 2010), namely: 1) Direct marketing through direct offers to potential customers of products or services. 2) Sales promotion is carried out through discounts for a minimum purchase of 20 airplane tickets. 3) Advertising is carried out actively in the form of promotions on social media. 4) Personal selling carried out is in the form of face-to-face communication with customers walking in directly. 5) Public Relations is only carried out through public relations activities with a general pattern because PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch does not have a special public relations division. Marketing communication applied by PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch has the strength to survive amid development and competition. However, PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch still has weaknesses that need to be improved again with new, more innovative strategic planning techniques to face competition in the travel tourism business. Keywords: marketing communication, airplane ticket sales


Neoplastic wound affects about 5% to 10% of cancer patients in palliative care. The central focus of the care of these wounds is to control the symptoms, where the odor is present in 10.4% and exudate in 14.6% of cases, being responsible for the impact on the psychosocial aspect of the patient. The study aimed to evaluate the association between odor, exudate and social isolation in patients with neoplastic wounds. This is a quantitative study of the kind prospective cross-sectional with patients with neoplastic wounds in outpatient palliative care in Oncology Attention Core of University Hospital Antonio Pedro, approved by HUAP Ethics Committee c / No: 183757. Data collection was performed during the nursing consultation by the application of odor scales, exudation (Push) and Likert scale of three dimensions to assess the social aspects of the patient, as well as data contained in records for population. The statistical analysis was applied to the normality test Shapiro Wilk, verifying that the sample is not parametric (p value ≤ 0.05) for the variables: size of the lesion, the total wound, the total odor and overall exudate (Likert scale) and parametric (p value> 0.05) for the age variable. Data were presented as median and interquartile range ((x) ± Q3-Q1) for analysis of nonparametric variables; mean and standard deviation (x ± S.P) for parametric variable. He held the Kruskal Wallis test for multivariate association check between clinical data and scale and the Spearman test to see if the odor degree, amount of exudate, size and location of the lesion correlate with the interference of socialization patient. The reliability of ISPOE was measured by Cronbach alpha coefficient. It was found, then the correlation between the degree of odor and the questions 1 to 5 scale of the odor scale. Thus, the odor interferes with the constraint (p, 0.0053) and attend public places (p; 0.0495). The amount of exudate correlated with the first issue of exudate size scale, interfering with embarrassment (p; 0.0453). The variable type of injury correlated with the issues 3:05, so interfering with the relationship with the family and attend public places, factors that favor social isolation in patients with neoplastic Variables wounds: lesion size and location of injury no significant correlation with the range of issues in the wound size. The three dimensions of the scale showed satisfactory internal consistency with alpha: 0.82 (wound size); 0.94 (exudate dimension) and 0.88 (size odor). Thus, the odor and exudate negatively affect social and psychological factors that may contribute, directly, social isolation. In addition to the knowledge about the characteristics of these injuries and products suitable for care, it is crucial that nursing professionals know the main complaints related to the injury and the impact they cause to the daily life of the patient. Knowing that social and psychological conflict will make all the difference in nursing care, because thus may act assertively and holistic care in the patient's daily life, seeing it beyond the symptoms: their psychological and social aspirations. The finding of association between variables may assist the evaluation of aspects that can interfere with quality of life and care provided to patients with neoplastic wounds.


In 1996 the World Psychiatric I-Association (WPA) in conjunction with Lilly Pharmaceuticals announced the launch of a co-ordinated, multidisciplinary approach to counter the stigma of mental illness. In Australia a similar initiative – albeit on a much smaller scale – began six years ago with the establishment of 'STIGMA' ('Stereotypes and Tags Interest Group in the Mental Health Arena'). The STIGMA Group was consulted to determine Australian consumer participation in the WPA initiative. The following paper describes how the STIGMA group emerged out of a preoccupation with public portrayals of psychiatric patients, their families and psychiatric professionals to become a broad group of stakeholders studying psychiatric stigma and possible ways of combating it. To our knowledge, an ongoing group devoted to the study of stigma had no precedent locally or overseas. It is beyond the scope of this paper to describe the origins, phenomenon and painful consequences of stigmatising individuals with mental illness and their families which has been considered in detail elsewhere [1–3].


✓ The toxicity of certain metals, namely, platinum, platinum-8% tungsten, platinum-10% rhodium, platinum-10% iridium, platinum-10% nickel, platinized platinum, a gold-nickel-chromium alloy, a gold-palladium-rhodium alloy, a chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy (Vitallium), stainless steel, silver, rhenium, and gold, was evaluated histologically following chronic implantation for 2 months in the brains of cats. Of the above metals, all but silver were found to be nontoxic. Boron was also evaluated and found to be nontoxic.


Maker" of the Karibib Formation [1]. Gold mineralization is associated with a fabricparallel sheeted vein system hosted within a package of albitites, marbles, and biotite schists of the Karibib Formation [1]. The deposit is believed to be a structurally and lithologically controlled orogenic gold deposit with several atypical characteristics such as mineralization which consists of thin sheeted veins that are oriented parallel to the regional metamorphic foliation [2]. Mineralisation post-dates regional metamorphism [4] and has been linked by previous workers to magmatic fluids associated with a skarn system [3] and with regional metamorphic fluids [4]. There is a positive correlation between vein density and grade, with individual veins ranging from 1 cm to 10 cm in width [1]. The veins consist of varying proportions of pyrrhotite, magnetite, and pyrite with large rounded almandine garnets, amphibole, and free gold [1]. Previous stable isotope work reported δ18O values between 14.6 and 18.3‰ for whole rock material and 16.8 — 19.5‰ for quartz separates [4]. δ13C values ranged from -3.8 to +5.4‰ and whole


The paper highlights the problem of education quality assessment as one of the most essential in nowadays education. Theoretical foundations of testing, approaches to testing, its principles, development and application in Russia's and foreign educational paradigms are touched upon. The authors concentrate on its structural components and functions and classify tests into a number of categories.


Cooperative communication technology has become a research hotspot in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in recent years, and will become one of the key technologies for improving spectrum utilization in wireless communication systems in the future. It leverages cooperation among multiple relay nodes in the wireless network to realize path transmission sharing, thereby improving the system throughput. In this paper, we model the process of cooperative communications with relay selection in WSNs as a Markov decision process and propose DQ-RSS, a deep-reinforcement-learning-based relay selection scheme, in WSNs. In DQ-RSS, a deep-Q-network (DQN) is trained according to the outage probability and mutual information, and the optimal relay is selected from a plurality of relay nodes without the need for a network model or prior data. More specifically, we use DQN to process high-dimensional state spaces and accelerate the learning rate. We compare DQ-RSS with the Q-learning-based relay selection scheme and evaluate the network performance on the basis of three aspects: outage probability, system capacity, and energy consumption. Simulation results indicate that DQ-RSS can achieve better performance on these elements and save the convergence time compared with existing schemes.


In information security management people often meet with two terms: risk assessment(RA)and business impact analysis(BIA).They have a lot of similarities,but they are two different concepts.Their concerns and focus are different.This paper analyzes the difference and connection of the two concepts from several aspects.


The incidence of bacterial wilt, caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum, was reduced and the yield of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was increased by cultivar resistance and by 1-yr rotation to corn, fescue, or soybeans as compared with continuous tobacco. In general, crop value and yield were highler and disease index lower when tobacco was grown after soybeans than after fescue, corn, or tobacco. The value, yield, and disease index for tobacco grown after corn and after fescue did not differ (...)


In patients with atrial fibrillation on dialysis, the incidence of stroke was similar with apixaban or no anticoagulation, regardless of P2Y12 prescription.In patients with atrial fibrillation on dialysis who were on a P2Y12 inhibitor, apixaban increased the risk of bleeding, compared with no anticoagulation.The incidence of myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke was similar with apixaban or no anticoagulation, regardless of P2Y12 prescription status.


The knowledge on tile functions of the hippocarnpal forma tion as weH as neuropathological findings led to the hypo thesis that this brain region might playa role in schizo phrenia (Stevens, 1973; Bogerts et al., 1985). This hypothe sis has gained additional credit with the demonstration of a dopaminergic system in rat and human hippocampus (for ref. see Bischof/, 1986). Recently, the presence of dopamine (DA) receptors has also been described (


Somatic embryogenesis represents an essential tool for the genetic improvement and for the mass clonal micropropagation of the improved banana plant. In this present work morphological and anatomical patterns were analyzed in the somatic embryogenesis of Williams banana, to know and enhance this process. In the investigation embryogenic cell suspensions (ECS) were established from embryogenic callus obtained from floral immature male hands, which gave rise to many somatic embryos that regenerated plants. Towards the three months of culture white-cream primary somatic embryos (SE) were detected in the floral hands of the nodes nine to twelve, counted from the floral apex. At the fourth month this primary SE gave origin to a creamy-white embryogenic callus, with granular structure and abundant SE torpedo on its periphery. Cell


Malignant glaucoma or ciliary block angle-closure glaucoma after cataract surgery is characterised by a shallow anterior chamber together with persistently high intraocular pressure and in the absence of pupillary block or choroidal effusion or suprachoroidal hemorrhage.Cycloplegics may be effective in some cases.Nd:YAG laser may be used to perform posterior capsulotomy combined with hyaloidectomy through a peripheral iridectomy when the medical therapy has failed.The important procedure of vitrectomy includes excision peripheral sector of lens capsule combined with an iridectomy,zonulectomy and hyaloidectomy.The surgery may break ciliary block and build the normal aqueous flow into the anterior chamber.


The Korea Aerospace Research Institute launched KOMPSAT-5 on August 22, 2013, and has been operating for 10 years. KOMPSAT-5 has SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) for earth observation missions, and collects data necessary for earth atmosphere analysis through GNSS RO (Radio Occultation) receivers. RO data can be used for numerical weather forecast model based on temperature, pressure, and humidity by calculating the vertical distribution of atmospheric information. As a part of the Korea-US science and technology cooperation, KARI has been providing RO data of KOMPSAT-5 to the United States NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) in near-real time since 2018. To this end, KARI receives telemetry data from the satellite about 12 times a day using 3 ground stations from Daejeon, Alaska in the U.S., and Sodankyla in Finland. The pre-processed data is being provided to both the UCAR (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) in the U.S. and the KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute). In this paper, radio occlusion data of KOMPSAT-5 is introduced, and system configuration, operation concepts for providing near-real time data and its application are also presented.


Economic sustainability is an important characteristic of each enterprise, including the construction enterprise. In the present study there is made an attempt to deduce some of the main issues connected with the assessment of the economic sustainability of the construction enterprise. For that purpose there is clarified the nature of economic sustainability and are discussed various methods of assessment, revealing their strong and weak sides. There is made an attempt at providing some basic guidelines, which the author believes ought to be followed in the development of a reliable methodology for assessing economic sustainability.


In humans, a positive followed by a negative waveform with short latency is reproducibly evoked in the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle in response to intense sound. This sound-evoked vestibulocollic reflex is termed the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP). We investigated the characteristics of the VEMP as an otolith function test. The human VEMP has its best frequency located between 500 Hz and 1 kHz that resembles a V-shaped tuning curve of the saccular nerve in cats, recorded in the inferior vestibular nerve. The amplitude of the human VEMP was enhanced under microgravity during parabolic flight and was attenuated by the rostro-caudal linear acceleration on Earth. These findings suggest that the human VEMP is an otolith function test and originates from the saccule. After vestibular deafferentiation, unilateral VEMP dysfunction in the affected side appears and lasts for a long time. In patients with inner ear and retrolabyrinthine disorders, abnormality of the VEMP was not always coincident with that of the caloric test. These findings suggested that the VEMP, like the caloric test, is another important tool for the diagnosis of the affected side, and that a test battery of the VEMP and caloric test may help to increase the rate of abnormal findings among patients with the peripheral vestibular disorders. In the human VEMP, activation of acoustically responsive saccular afferents triggers an acoustic reflex in the SCM muscle. Future studies are needed to clarify in detail, the clinical usefulness of the VEMP as an otolith function test.


"Automatic Control System Case Analysis" is a special course for automation undergraduates.It has the obvious comprehensive nature and the practical characteristic.The automatic control system knowledge structure and teaching goal of the course are analyzed.The course content is optimized.The students' application ability is strengthened.Many kinds of teaching method are adopted to stimulate student's study interest and build up their study confidence.It has improved the teaching effectively.


This paper describes a technique used to measure shielding effectiveness (SE) of a tactical shelter to a high-altitude electro magnetic pulse (HEMP). A large-scale hori zontally polarized electromagnetic pulse sim ulator was used to excite the shelter. This simulator is capable of generating a 50-kV/m peak amplitude electric field at 50 m away from the pulser. The shelter was placed 20 m away from the simulator, and internal magne tic fields were measured. A fiber-optic sys tem was used to eliminate coupling to the sensor signal cable. The transmitter portion of the fiber-optic system was fitted inside a hollow metallic cylinder which was mounted behind the sensor's ground plane. The presence of this cylinder increased the am plitude (enhancement) of the pulse being measured. This enhancement was measured in both frequency and time domain. Finally, SE of the shelter was computed as a function of f requency. Figure 1. Magnetic field sensor mounted on a fiber-optic cylinder.


: Despite a strong demand for fl uorinated molecules in the pharma and agrochemical industry, the production of fl uorinated compounds is often outsourced to specialized laboratories. This is likely the result of safety concerns in handling hazardous fl uorinating reagents, alongside the lack of expertise and equipment. Continuous fl ow chemistry has become an established method to perform hazardous reactions in a safe and controlled manner. To address safety issues and technical challenges, we herein provide a detailed description of the design of an advanced fl uorine gas delivery system using 10% fl uorine in nitrogen. Furthermore, an overview of suitable fl ow reactor components and the reactor design on laboratory scale is furnished. The safety precautions to mitigate risks associated with handling 10% fl uorine in nitrogen are also covered and include safety equipment integrated in the fl uorine facility, risk assessment, personal protective equipment, and fi rst aid measures.


Abstract. This study represents the first detailed analysis of multi-year near-surface turbulence observations for an urban area located in highly complex terrain. Using four years of eddy covariance measurements over the Alpine city of Innsbruck, Austria, the effects of the urban surface, orographic setting and mountain weather on energy and mass exchange are investigated. In terms of surface controls, findings for Innsbruck are in accordance with previous studies at city-centre sites. The available energy is partitioned mainly into net storage heat flux and sensible heat flux (each comprising about 40 % of the net radiation, Q*, during summer daytimes). The latent heat flux is small by comparison (only about 10 % of Q*) due to the small amount of vegetation present but increases for short periods (6–12 h) following rainfall. Additional energy supplied by anthropogenic activities and heat released from the large thermal mass of the urban surface helps to support positive sensible heat fluxes in the city all year round. Annual observed CO2 fluxes (5.1 kg C m−2 y−1) correspond well to both modelled emissions and expectations based on findings at other sites with a similar proportion of vegetation. The net CO2 exchange is dominated by anthropogenic emissions from traffic in summer and building heating in winter. In contrast to previous urban observational studies, the effect of the orography is examined here. Innsbruck's location in a steep-sided valley results in marked diurnal and seasonal patterns in flow conditions. A typical valley-wind circulation is observed (in the absence of strong synoptic forcing) with moderate up-valley winds during daytime, weaker down-valley winds at night (and in winter) and near-zero wind speeds around the times of the twice-daily wind reversal. Due to Innsbruck's location north of the main Alpine crest, south foehn events frequently have a marked effect on temperature, wind speed, turbulence and pollutant concentration. Warm, dry foehn air advected over the surface can lead to negative sensible heat fluxes both inside and outside the city. Increased wind speeds and intense mixing during foehn (turbulent kinetic energy often exceeds 5 m2 s−2) help to ventilate the city, illustrated here by low CO2 mixing ratio. Radiative exchange is also affected by the orography, for example incoming shortwave radiation is blocked by the terrain at low solar elevation. Interpretation of the dataset is complicated by distinct temporal patterns in flow conditions and the combined influences of the urban environment, terrain and atmospheric conditions. The analysis presented here reveals how Innsbruck's mountainous setting impacts the near-surface conditions in multiple ways, highlighting the similarities with previous studies in much flatter terrain and examining the differences, in order to begin to understand interactions between urban and orographic processes.


In order to reveal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mechanisms of N- and N/S-codoped graphene quantum dots, we utilize density functional theory to investigate their electrocatalytic activities and ...


As the Yuan zaju was not regarded as something important by the orthodox scholars,there is not much Yuan zaju documentation.The documentation acquired by the academic circle with great effort is unable to deal with the problems in the Yuan zaju study.Today's academic circle on the one hand,senses deeply the scarcity of the study of the Yuan zaju documentation,but on the other hand,neglects a great deal of precious Yuan zaju documentation saved in the Yuan non-dramatic songs,which is the most authentic,direct and reliable to study the Yuan zaju.This paper emphatically explores the active role of the Yuan non-dramatic songs in promoting the creation,performance and spread of the Yuan zaju,hoping that the academic circle will pay much attention to the deep study of the Yuan zaju documentation in the Yuan non-dramatic songs.


The field of design and design automation of micro/nano circuits and systems promotes interdisciplinary research spanning computer science, computer engineering, and electrical engineering. This field has created key technologies without which it would be impossible to achieve advances in information processing, which is an inseparable part of our everyday lives. For example, fundamental principles and tools created by this field have empowered Moore char63s law scaling for over 50 years. Without design and design automation of circuits and systems, it would be impossible to create multibillion transistor integrated circuits (ICs) that form the foundations of today char63s information age.


We have made a review of a number of scientific publications related to questions of properties and usage of insulating liquids. We have paid special attention to results of research into solving the problem of replacing mineral insulating oil with other isolation liquids which are to be used in high voltage equipment. This article reveals main facts about liquids which have lower flammability, better dielectric characteristics, better natural recyclability (biodestruction), renewable raw resource etc. In addition to these positive characteristics of alternative liquids, we have discovered negative consequences of their usage, especially growth of mass-dimensional and cost features of equipment in case of usage of some of the liquids described in the article. None of the liquids which exist at the moment can meet all of the requirements to this specific case of usage. Characteristics are to be achieved by mixing the liquids of special quality and quantity, as well as using special additives improving some of the characteristics. We consider improving natural insulating liquids of and usage of nanotechnologies in production of those liquids to be the main areas for research and analysis of existing results of in the near future.


Teacher, pupil and observer perceptions of mental health, learning, and democratic group process were secured from 30 public school classroo~ns. Teachers responded on a psycho-philosophical value, 40-statement forced-rank device, made open-ended responses to classroom situations, and rated their present classes. Over 700 pupils responded on a 214-item questionnaire. Trained psychologists made classroom observations. There were no significant product-moment correlations between teacher psychophilosophical values and self-perceived general practice on any index. The reacher philosophy and self-ascribed practice are unrelated. However, the teacher perception of the situation in the present classrooms did correlate significantly with their psycho-philosophical values on the mental health index, but T = -.43. Teachers placing a high value on mental health perceive an absence of this condition in their classes. The relations between the perceptions of teachers, pupils, and observers were examined.Wf 8 correlations, the only significant one (+.42) was between teacher and pupil perception of group process. Thus, there is little encouragement for assuming that diverse sources will yield similar perceptions of classroom conditions. Also, teachers see a high level of one condition (mental health, substantive learning, or group process) combined with an absence of others, the highest correlation being -.70. Pupils see the conditions as interrelated: if one index is high, [he others tend to be seen that way too, with correlations as high as +.57. Observers respond like the pupils, the highest r being between learning and mental health ( f .57) . Thus, pupils and observers tend to view mental health, substantive learning, and democratic group process as interrelated in the classroom while the teacher does noc. Finally, examination of individual classrooms shows idiosyncratic patterning of these properties even when mean scores are identical. Studies are in process using rhese and other instruments to assess possible changes effected through a school mental health program. A replicated factor analysis is now under way to ascertain whether the pattern of pupil responses is constant by sex, age level, and socio-economic status.


The purpose of this study was to investigate toes' function while performing barefoot and shod running between habitually unshod and shod runners. Seven habitually male shod runners and six habitually male barefoot runners participated the running test. Kinematic and kinetic analysis were synchronously conducted. The habitually unshod runners showed significantly higher ankle eversion-to-inversion angle in the pushing-off phase than habitually shod runners. And forefoot loading reduced as the big toe of habitually unshod runners pushing ground under shod condition, with similar function of other toes among habitually shod runners. It is noted that the work of big toe and other toes lead to the decreased loading to the forefoot. This might be beneficial for the prevention of foot injuries, like plantar fasciitis and metatarsal fatigue fracture.


Abstract The Ti–22Al–24Nb–0.5Mo (atomic fraction, %) pre-alloyed powder was produced by gas atomisation. Powder metallurgy Ti2AlNb alloys were prepared by a hot isostatic pressing procedure. The influence of experimental variables including hipping temperatures, solution and aging temperatures on microstructure and properties of powder metallurgy Ti2AlNb alloys was assessed. The experimental results showed that hipping temperature affected the porosity distribution and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy Ti2AlNb alloys. Good comprehensive mechanical properties (tensile strength, ductility and rupture lifetime) could be obtained through an optimised heat treatment process.


An arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) is a device that provides protection from the effects of arc faults by de-energizing a circuit within a specified time after an arc fault is detected. In the United States, AFCI installation in bedroom receptacle outlets has been mandated since 2002. As AFCIs have been widely adapted to real situations, several kinds of AFCIs have been developed including branch/feeder, cord, outlet box, and portable designs. Using various types of AFCIs creates a hierarchy consisting of multi-level AFCIs such as a portable AFCI serially connected to an outlet box AFCI. This multi-level AFCI structure causes a serious problem by enabling an upper level AFCI to detect an arc fault occurring in the surveillance area of lower level AFCIs. This problem results in de-energizing the whole area covered by the upper level AFCI. In this paper, we propose a solution to the multi-level AFCI problem that occurs when several types of AFCIs are used in the same hierarchy. To provide a practical solution, we first present the theoretical background of a multi-level AFCI and suggest a solution that integrates collaborative communication and computing power into a conventional AFCI device. Finally, we introduce a prototype implementation of our approach. Our proposed approach can protect people and facilities against electrical fire hazards, which is one of major challenges that the smart grid aims to overcome using information technology.


Objective To study the differential diagnosis value of ultrasonic examination in malignant pelvic mass of postmenopausal women. Methods One hundred twenty postmenopausal patients with pelvic mass who were treated in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2013 and their diagnosis was confirmed by both pathological and clinical diagnosis were evaluated in the study. The clinical and ultrasonic data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 120 patients with pelvic mass,benign pelvic mass was found in 87( 72. 5%) and malignant pelvic mass in 33( 27. 5%). For ultrasonic diagnosis,the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 93. 9% and 93. 1% for malignant pelvic mass; the diagnostic accordance rate of benign pelvic mass was 97. 4%,and the rate of malignant pelvic mass was 81. 1%; the misdiagnosis rate was 8. 33%( 10 cases). The area under ROC curve of ultrasonic in malignant pelvic mass of postmenopausal women was 0. 870. Conclusion Ultrasonography is noninvasive,fast and highly sensitive for the diagnosis of malignant pelvic mass in postmenopausal women. It is suggested that ultrasonography can be used as the first choice for differentiating benign from malignant pelvic mass in postmenopausal women.


Subject. The article focuses on the digital health across countries.
Objectives. I examine theoretical and applied aspects of the digital health in the leading countries of Western Europe and Russia.
Methods. Analyzing the current situation, I refer to regulatory and legislative documents on the digital economy and digital health, official statistics. Research is based on the comparative analysis of key medical-demographic and socio-economic indicators, and economic and mathematical apparatus.
Results. The study represents a comprehensive evaluation of theoretical and applied aspects of the digital health development at the macro- and mesolevels. For this, I gradually compare countries, narrowing the focus down to regional trends. The article describes key patterns and specifics of using digital health technologies successfully in Western Europe. I evaluate the digital health development in Russia, pointing out advantages and possible risks that may arise if modern technologies are integrated in real-life healthcare practices. They should be considered when digital health programs are prepared for Russia.
Conclusions and Relevance. Conducting the digital transformation of healthcare, governments should not stick to statutory benchmarks, but rather strive to the genuine efficiency of ICT to preserve and strengthen the national health. The findings can be used to prepare regional medical-demographic documents, including those concerning high-tech medical aid.


The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) are the New Technology at Nano metric scale, which is having more advantages like Less Space and Less Power Consumption. , Transistors cannot find much lesser than their current size .The QCA logic approach represents one of the possible solutions in overcoming this physical edge, level. Using this QCA technology we developed AND gate ,OR gate and NOT gate. With the help of Universal gates we can implement any Digital Logic Function, In this paper we have realized different high speed adders like Ripple Carry Adders(RCA) , Carry Look ahead adder(CLA), Brent-Kung adder(BKA), Kogge-Stone Adder(KSA) and Ling Adder by using Majority gates(MG) that out performs all state-of-the art competitors and achieves the best area-delay tradeoff. We finally compared the different properties like delay (speed), power consumption, area, ADP and PDP.


a INTRODUCTION The HIV/AIDS has created an enormous challenge worldwide since recognition of the diseases. More than 25 million people have died of AIDS since 1981. Africa has over 14 million AIDS orphans. At the end of 2008 women account for 50% of all adult living with HIV worldwide. The number of people living with HIV has risen from around 8 million 1990 to 33 million today, and still going. Around 57% of people living with HIV and a half million adults and children become infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. By the end of 2007, on estimate 33.4 million people worldwide were living with HIV/AIDS. The year also saw 2 million deaths from AIDS, despite recent improvement in access to antiretroviral treatment. Ethiopia is among those countries most affected by the epidemic (as per 2005 WHO report). Estimate the number of people (all ages) living with HIV in Ethiopia, as per 2007 is 1.1 million. 1 Much progress has been made in treating HIV infection in the last several years. In the USA mortality among people infected with HIV has decreased from 29.4/100 patient to 8.3/100 patient (1995-1997) and people infected with HIV are now living longer healthy live. In developing and transitional countries 9.5 million people are in immediate need of life saving AIDS drugs of these only 4 million (42%) are receiving the drugs. The combination of antiretroviral therapy (ART) or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the corner stone of management of patients with HIV ABSTRACT Background: Much progress has been made in treating HIV infection in the last several years and currently antiretroviral therapy regimens are capable of reducing viral load of undetectable level with a consequent increase in T-lymphocyte, CD4+ counts and reduction in development of opportunistic infections. Hence, a substantial reduction in HIV associated morbidity and mortality can be attained. In spite of antiretroviral therapy benefits, adverse reaction to these drugs has been pointed to as one of the main reason for discontinuation, switch and non adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective review of patient record from December 2009-Novomber 2012 was performed to determine the common adverse drug reactions in patients taking ART medications. A sample of 154 who were taking ART medications at Ambo Zonal Hospital was studied and SPSS for windows software versions-16.0 was used for data analysis. Results: A total of patients with average age of …


We analyse near-infrared integral field spectroscopy of the central starburst region of NGC 1140, obtained at the Gemini-South telescope equipped with CIRPASS. Our ∼1.45–1.67 μm wavelength coverage includes the bright [Fe ii]λ 1.64-μm emission line, as well as high-order Brackett (hydrogen) lines. While strong [Fe ii] emission, thought to originate in the thermal shocks associated with supernova remnants, is found throughout the galaxy, both Br 12–4 and Br 14–4 emission, and weak CO(6,3) absorption, is predominantly associated with the northern starburst region. The Brackett lines originate from recombination processes occurring on smaller scales in (young) H ii regions. The time-scale associated with strong [Fe ii] emission implies that most of the recent star-formation activity in NGC 1140 was induced in the past ∼35–55 Myr. Based on the spatial distributions of the [Fe ii] versus Brackett line emission, we conclude that a galaxy-wide starburst was induced several tens of Myr ago, with more recent starburst activity concentrated around the northern starburst region.

This scenario is (provisionally) confirmed by our analysis of the spectral energy distributions of the compact, young massive star clusters (YMCs) detected in new and archival broad-band Hubble Space Telescope images. The YMC ages in NGC 1140 are all ≲20 Myr, consistent with independently determined estimates of the starburst age of the galaxy, while there appears to be an age difference between the northern and southern YMC complexes in the sense expected from our CIRPASS analysis. Our photometric mass estimates of the NGC 1140 YMCs, likely upper limits, are comparable to those of the highest-mass Galactic globular clusters and to spectroscopically confirmed masses of (compact) YMCs in other starburst galaxies. Our detection of similarly massive YMCs in NGC 1140 supports the scenario that such objects form preferentially in the extreme environments of interacting and starburst galaxies.


The LSST communications middleware is based on a set of software abstractions; which provide standard interfaces for common communications services. The observatory requires communication between diverse subsystems, implemented by different contractors, and comprehensive archiving of subsystem status data. The Service Abstraction Layer (SAL) is implemented using open source packages that implement open standards of DDS (Data Distribution Service1) for data communication, and SQL (Standard Query Language) for database access. For every subsystem, abstractions for each of the Telemetry datastreams, along with Command/Response and Events, have been agreed with the appropriate component vendor (such as Dome, TMA, Hexapod), and captured in ICD's (Interface Control Documents).The OpenSplice (Prismtech) Community Edition of DDS provides an LGPL licensed distribution which may be freely redistributed. The availability of the full source code provides assurances that the project will be able to maintain it over the full 10 year survey, independent of the fortunes of the original providers.


Chang TMS (Artificial Cells & Organs Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada). Future generations of red blood cell substitutes (Minisymposium). J Intern Med 2003; 253: 527–535.


: Collection of materials relating to illustrator and artist Robert Crumb, including printed material, artwork, audiovisual material, and correspondence. Language


A CAPABLE CONTAIN DEPOSIT COMPONENTS OF A MIX chambers separated by a peel CONSTRUCTED OF A MULTI-LAYER FILM SEAT. THE multi-layer film having at least one layer of a material SENSITIVE RF AND INTERIOR MATERIAL LAYER NO RESPONSE RF. WHEN THE LAYERS ARE SUBJECT TO ENERGY RF, RF LAYER HEAT SENSITIVE LAYERS INTERIOR IN PRODUCING A bond FORM OF A SEAL BETWEEN PEELABLE inner layers. PEELABLE SEAL IS ABLE TO WITHSTAND EXTERNAL PRESSURES TO DEPOSIT AS THE FALL OF DEPOSIT. SEAL CAN BE OPENED TO ALLOW SELECTIVELY MIXING COMPONENTS CONTAINED ON THE.


more effor t . . . . Over time, where bargaining is repeated the fair wage coordinates the actions of individuals, and as long as both parties expect commitments to be upheld it may evolve into a rule or norm. In this way firms and workers adapt to the method of pay without changing it" (pp. 63-64). In the next three chapters Huberman examines the actual working of Lancashire labor markets between 1825 and 1860. Chapter 6 addresses piece rates from 1825 to 1850, the meat of Huberman's previous work. Using the M'Connel and Kennedy data and controlling for skill level changes, he finds that the wage was inflexible and not the key market-clearing instrument in the nineteenth century, as many observers (like Keynes and Polanyi) had incorrectly argued (p. 106). Chapter 7 explores short hours and the role of seniority during the 1840s. Huberman finds that during the 1841 depression, larger, more vertically integrated firms had a slightly higher use of short time than coarse spinning firms. Further, "layoff schedules and short hours were enforced by both parties and, as a result, wage and employment arrangements moved further away from their market ideal" (p. 131). In Chapter 8 Huberman examines the post-1850 wage lists that were the formal codification of the bargaining results and evolutionary process of the previous four decades. These lists in cotton towns such as Bolton, Oldham, and Rochdale reveal regional differences in splitting rents between workers and employers and resulted in increased market power for workers. Chapter 9 presents Huberman's conclusions. Wages were generally inflexible in the preWorld War I period. In addition, "neither workers nor firms are identified as monolithic. The assertion that workers lost skills has been replaced by the view that workers exercised control of the labor process. It is no longer held that workers learned the rules of the game; indeed, it appears they actively played a role in making them as well" (p. 152). Huberman then puts this work structure in the context of the standard of living question and questions of institutional persistence. He has used previous scholarship to its best advantage, and he has added nuance and sophistication to the sometimes caricatured previous analyses of work relations in the nineteenth century. My only real quibble with this work is seemingly pedantic but actually substantive. Throughout this book Huberman characterizes the work agreements as a response to market failure and a movement away from the effects of the market. This characterization of the agreements overlooks that fact that markets do not fail, they fail to exist. Contracts, custom, and social norms all serve as complementary institutions to markets, enabling individuals to earn gains from trade in situations where market formation is more costly than reliance on these other institutions. The institutional juxtaposition of markets and social norms is where we live our lives, and where cotton workers in Lancashire lived theirs; this rich complexity binds people across time. Huberman's work brings that observation to the forefront, and enriches our understanding of history and the interplay of market and nonmarket processes in individual decision-making.


The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Federal Highway Administration and the Indiana Department of Transportation. The report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. A large number of types of retaining devices are currently available but their limitations, recommendations and guidelines are scattered in the technical literature. A synthesis study has been made in which different technologies have been investigated to develop guidelines for the use of the different types of retaining devices. For this purpose, an extensive literature review has been performed and a new classification has been proposed. An electronic database with 207 selected cases from the technical literature and INDOT archives has been created. The database stores the The information stored has been analyzed through a number of correlations. Two design flowcharts have been developed to identify the most cost-effective solutions based on the height of the wall, cost, and soil conditions: one for Fill Walls, and another one for Cut Walls. The conclusions and recommendations obtained are in agreement with guidelines from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and with specifications from the Indiana Department of Transportation. The following is recommended for implementation: (1) Use the flowcharts developed as a preliminary decision-making tool to decide the optimum type of wall for a given project; and (2) the recommendations are based on up-to-date information. It is expected that with time design trends and wall typologies may become obsolete and new technologies may become available. It is recommended that the database and flowcharts be updated every five years. The flowcharts and additional notes provide general recommendations based on limited information. The flowcharts are not intended to cover all possible cases; they should be used for preliminary design and to facilitate engineering decisions. Site-specific conditions or project constraints may require a different solution than that provided by the charts.


—Biotelemetry and its applications have seen an explosive growth in recent years. This paper presents our recent research work on ultra-compact wireless sensor nodes from both system scale-down and packaging point-of-view for biotelemetry and MedTech innovation. In addition to the results of our work, we also present state-of-the-art technologies and challenges to better understand the market needs and the essential technologies for the coming new era of biotelemetry.


For the regression system composed of the two linear regression equations, we propose three kinds of relative efficiencies of the covariance improvement on the unknown parameter vector toward the best linear unbiased estimate, the lower bounds of which are respectively given in the paper. Then the three kinds of efficiencies are compared by numerical simulation so that the best are found.


Objective Total thyroidectomy for the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma to explore the clinical effect analysis. Methods Differentiated thyroid cancer patients in our hospital in April 2010~April 2011 were treated 82 cases of were divided into 42 cases of observation group and 40 cases in the control group were treated with total thyroidectomy and subtotal resection. Results complication rate was higher in patients in the observation group(P0.05), the relapse rate of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(P0.01). Conclusion Treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma total thyroidectomy, can significantly reduce the recurrence rate.


Thank you for downloading discovery of the aids virus. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite readings like this discovery of the aids virus, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their computer. discovery of the aids virus is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the discovery of the aids virus is universally compatible with any devices to read.


That most troublesome symptom, headache, so frequently is associated with disorders of the digestive system—especially nausea, vomiting, and constipation—that a cause and effect relationship certainly would appear to exist. When these two symptoms coexist in the same individual, usually the physician or possibly the more specialized gastro-enterologist is consulted in an effort to discover what is wrong with the digestive system, because the majority of patients believe that this disturbance of the digestive tract is the cause of the headache. While some headaches undoubtedly are due to faulty elimination habits, more often than not, the cause of these coexisting symptoms lies outside the gastro-intestinal tract. No matter whom such a patient consults, a very difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problem presents itself.


There are four familiar methods for the refund function of housing loan at home and abroad,for example,the method of equality corpus and interest,the method of equality corpus,the method of equality scale crescent,etc.But,all methods want debtor to give back the fixed money to the bank on time.If corpus and the method are certain ,then the money given back to bank is fixed.The debtor has no right to time and amount.According to the concept on corpus equal calculation in economy, advancing the stochastic refund for housing loan is possible.


Trace amounts of thallium(I) can be determined using adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry in the presence of Xylenol Orange (XO). The reduction current of the thallium(I)-XO complex ion was measured by square-wave cathodic stripping voltammetry. The peak potential was at -0.44 V vs . Ag/AgCl. The effect of various parameters (pH, ligand concentration, accumulation potential and collection time) on the response are discussed. The response was linearly related to the thallium concentration in the range 0.5 - 110 ng ml^-1 and 110 - 2000 ng ml^-1. The limit of detection was 0.2 ng ml^-1. The relative standard deviation for the determination of 80 ng ml^-1 thallium was 2.8%. Many common anions and cations did not interfere with the determination of thallium. The interference of lead was reduced by the addition of 0.003 M sodium carbonate. The voltammetric procedure was then successfully applied to the determination of thallium in various complex samples.


.................................................. 3 Introduction .............................................. 3 Motivation and Learning ................................ 5 Storytelling and Motivation ............................ 7 Basics of Storytelling in Computer Games ................................... 11 Parasocial Design and Interactive Storytelling in Computer Games ...... 14 Rewards and Hierarchies in Task-Oriented Stories in Computer Games ........ 18 Storytelling and Parasocial Design in Current Serious Games ............................ 21 Some Specific Challenges of Storytelling in Serious Games for School Teaching ............. 24 An Example of a Frame Story for a Serious Game on Optics ........................ 26 Impact on Practice and Research ................... 29 References .............................................. 31 Key Terms .............................................. 35 Author note ............................................. 35 M. Bopp / Storytelling and Motivation In Serious Games 3


Background and Aims: The goal of this study was to develop a deep-learning artificial intelligence algorithm to identify the top predictors amongst the large array of clinical variables at admission to predict the likelihood of mortality in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. Methods: Data such as complete blood count, RFT, serum electrolytes, liver function tests, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin, FiO2, mode of ventilation, age, sex, and co-morbidities were collected from 250 patients admitted to the ICU. The variables missing for more than 20% of the people were removed. Chi-Square and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to remove the clinical variables having less importance with respect to the probability of being discharged or mortality. The LightGBM model was used for classification. The data were split into train and test in the ratio of 0.8:0.2. This gave an output of survival and mortality probability. Results: The model gave a result with an accuracy of 0.64, a precision of 0.73, a recall of 0.64, an F1 score of 0.66, and an area under the curve of 0.79. The model had a specificity of 66.6% and a sensitivity of 61.5%. Ferritin and IL-6 values were the top predictors of mortality. Conclusion: This approach has the potential to provide frontline physicians with a simple and objective tool to stratify patients based on risks so that they can triage COVID-19 patients more effectively in time-sensitive, stressful, and potentially resource-constrained environments.


The regional and seasonal distribution and abundance of threadfin breams and
lizard fish are presented as revealed by the bottom trawling operations of FORV
Sagar Sampada during cruises 56-91 (1989 and 1992). The threadfin breams
occurred in 49 and lizard fish in 25% of the total number of bottom trawhng stations
surveyed. The most productive grounds for threadfin breams were located in the
southwest coast between 8° and 15° N latitudinal zones, with the area 11775°
yielding the highest average catch rate of 1794 kg/hr. Very high congregation and
concentration of threadfin breams, composed mainly of Nemipterus mesoprion and
N. japonicus, was observed in the southwest in 41- 80 m depth zones during
southwest monsoon period. Lizard fish resources, composed mainly of Saurida
tumbil and S. undosquamis were also relatively more dominant in the southwest
coast than along the east coast and in the EEZ of Andaman-Nicobar islands. The size
distribution of N. japonicus and A', mesoprion showed that smaller modal groups
were dominant in shallower depth zones. The potential yield of threadfin breams in
the southwest zone was estimated to be 2.05 x 10 .


The main objective of this study is to compare and evaluate three different machine learning models, namely logistic regression (LR), Naïve Bayes (NB) and support vector machine (SVM), for landslide susceptibility mapping at the Jiuzhaigou area, Sichuan Province of China. A total number of 917 landslides visually interpreted from high resolution remotely sensed imaginaries and thirteen selected causing factors were used to model the landslide susceptibility for the study region. The success rates and prediction rates derived from Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis on the landslide susceptibility maps obtained from three models were investigated, the results suggested that the LR model outperformed the other two machine learning models, ranked in the top concerning general performance, followed by the NB model at the second, and the SVM model had the lowest accuracies, regarding to both success rates and prediction rates. This study provided a new perspective in selection of feasible model for landslide susceptibility mapping at the Jiuzhaigou area, Sichuan Province of China.


Key Points Question Is competency-based assessment associated with changes in rates of identification of and support for residents in difficulty compared with traditional assessment? Findings In this cohort study of 458 Canadian medical residents, there were significant reductions in the proportions of residents receiving flagged assessments on multiple rotations, reductions in proportions of residents defined as being in difficulty, and increases in documented evidence identifying that gaps were discussed with the resident following introduction of a competency-based assessment program. Meaning Competency-based assessment may contribute to better identification of and support for residents in difficulty.


In production tunnels, time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to manage irrigation and leaching by controlling water content in the rhizosphere of air-slit containerized white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings (1+0). Seedlings were exposed to four irrigation regimes (v/v: IR-60%, IR-45%, IR-30%, and IR-15%) during the first growing season to assess IR effects on growth, gas exchange, nutrient uptake, carbohydrates, root architecture, and leaching. In the province of Quebec, seedling producers generally maintain a high substrate water content (>50%, v/v) during all growth phases. The accuracy and feasibility of using TDR to decrease irrigation without affecting the material attributes of the seedlings at the end of the first growing season was confirmed. However, seedlings grown under IR-15% had significantly lower height, root collar diameter, shoot and root dry masses, root surface, root length, net photosynthesis, and nutrient contents than seedlings grown under IR-30%, IR-45%, and IR-60%....


The constructive definition of Marcov chains in random environment (MCRE) is given. Suppose the moment of MCRE satisfies some condihons, we prove a class of limit theorems for functionals of Marcov chains in random environments by truncated sequences and martingale theorem.


Sudden death accounts for approximately 10% of deaths among working age adults and is associated with poor air quality. We hypothesize that clinical risk factors for sudden death would modify the r...


1. Partisanship, social identity and individual attitudes John Bartle and Paolo Bellucci 2. Deconstructing party identification - and reconstructions beyond Ian Budge 3. Party identification revisited Jacques Thomassen and Martin Rosema 4. Rethinking partisanship: Some thoughts on a unified theory Bernard Grofman, Frank Wayman and Matthew Barreto 5. Partisanship in nine Western democracies: Causes and consequences Hermann Schmitt 6. Travel tips for students of electoral choice: The dynamics of partisanship in Britain and elsewhere Harold Clarke, David Sanders, Marianne Stewart and Paul Whiteley 7. Individual and contextual origins of durable partisanship Martin Kroh and Peter Selb 8. Partisanship and system support in established and new democracies Aida Paskeviciute 9. Adversarial politics, civic virtues and partisanship in Eastern and Western Europe Zsolt Enyedi and Bojan Todosijevic 10. The stability of partisanship: Evidence from a Russian panel study Hanna Back and Jan Teorell 11. A spirited defence of party identification against its critics Donald P. Green and Eric Schickler 12. Conclusion


The change in phase that occurs in the degree of coherence is investigated by a method involving two-beam interference with partially coherent light. Examples are given to illustrate the phase change, and a comparison made with the theoretical predictions.


The time difference of arrival (TDOA) multi-target localization based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm faces challenges such as limited localization accuracy and complex coordination due to uncertainty biases such as node position errors and perceptual performance differences (NPEAPD) for nodes. The localization error is directly related to the spatial geometric configuration formed by the nodes and target. Therefore, node selection for localization becomes a key factor in improving the accuracy and efficiency of localization. In this paper, aiming at the difference in node perceptual performance, we use prior observation information of the targets to derive the lower bound of TDOA perceptual performance and analyze the key influencing factors of localization performance. To address the problem of limited performance of node selection in traditional TDOA localization under the aforementioned uncertain biases, we introduce a node selection strategy based on localization basics and contribution. We measure the localization basics and contribution using the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the nodes and the expected information about target parameters provided by the localization group, and construct an optimization model to solve it with DMSSA algorithm. Simulation show that the proposed node selection strategy has significant performance advantages compared to three benchmark strategies and improved localization accuracy.


Based on the least‐squares method, we proposed a new algorithm to obtain the solution of the second kind of regular and weakly singular Volterra‐Fredholm integral equations in reproducing kernel spaces. The stability and uniform convergence of the algorithm are investigated in detail. Numerical experiments verify the theoretical findings. Meanwhile, this method is also applicable to the nonlinear Volterra integral equations. Test problems which have non‐smooth solutions are also considered, and our proposed method is efficient as some recent Krylov subspace methods such as LSQR and LSMR.


AbstractImproving the characterization of deep carbonate reservoirs requires developing a clear understanding of nature and distribution of their constituent microfacies and associated pore types. These aspects have been little studied in the middle-lower Ordovician of the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin in large part due to the limited available cores and relatively poor seismic data. Formation MicroImage (FMI) logging provides a bridge to connect the core data and seismic data to facilitate study of the distribution of microfacies and pore types. Based on analysis of the FMI logs from eight wells (each calibrated by comparing with core samples, thin sections, and conventional well logs), five FMI-based microfacies have been established: (1) intershoal sea microfacies (ISMF), (2) low-energy shoal microfacies (LSMF), (3) high-energy shoal microfacies (HSMF), (4) lagoon microfacies (LMF), and (5) tidal flat microfacies (TFMF). Using the FMI-based identification of microfacies, it has been proposed that th...


Picture Archiving and Conlmunication Systems (PACS) have been rapidly deployed to hospitals around the world over the past five years. Although these systems significantly improve the efficiency of the hospital workload, their connectivity with other diagnostic imaging devices is a challenging task. Thus, we have developed the PACS Monitor system based on the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). PACS Monitor system can be used to efficiently identify and resolve connectivity issues. This project provides a framework development of the PACS Monitor system. Although we have defined and developed only a subset of the PACS management data, the design may be scaled to support the entire management data used for PACS administration.


UNESCO decided to commission an external evaluation of its response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in 2002. The purpose was to analyse results assess performance and develop recommendations for future activities. It was to be a participatory exercise which should contribute to capacity building in evaluation. The evaluation builds on data from Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia; Mozambique Angola and Namibia in Southern Africa; Ghana and Senegal in West Africa; Jamaica and Brazil in Latin America and the Caribbean; and Lebanon in the Middle East. Kenya was visited as part of a thematic study on gender issues. The organisational topics of strategy formulation budgeting monitoring and evaluation decentralisation and coordination were analysed based on the field visits and on interviews at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. The evaluation team conducted some 300 interviews with UNESCO staff government representatives in the above mentioned countries UN partner agencies civil society and stakeholder groups concerned with UNESCO's HIV/AIDS activities. The evaluation perused documents in UNESCO and outside and was also able to draw conclusions from observing activities being implemented. (excerpt)