This report describes the results of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with Applied Materials, Inc. (AMAT) of Santa Clara, California. This project encompassed the continued development and integration of the ORNL Automated Image Retrieval (AIR) technology, and an extension of the technology denoted Automated Signature Retrieval (ASR), and other related technologies with the Defect Source Identification (DSI) software system that was under development by AMAT at the time this work was performed. In the semiconductor manufacturing environment, defect imagery is used to diagnose problems in the manufacturing line, train yield management engineers, and examine historical data for trends. Image management in semiconductor data systems is a growing cause of concern in the industry as fabricators are now collecting up to 20,000 images each week. In response to this concern, researchers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed a semiconductor-specific content-based image retrieval method and system, also known as AIR. The system uses an image-based query-by-example method to locate and retrieve similar imagery from a database of digital imagery using visual image characteristics. The query method is based on a unique architecture that takes advantage of the statistical, morphological, and structural characteristics of image data, generated by inspection more » equipment in industrial applications. The system improves the manufacturing process by allowing rapid access to historical records of similar events so that errant process equipment can be isolated and corrective actions can be quickly taken to improve yield. The combined ORNL and AMAT technology is referred to hereafter as DSI-AIR and DSI-ASR. « less


Johansson gauge blocks ("Jo blocks") are made of steel and used for precision length measurement. Their surface is very smooth, and two blocks can adhere to each other, however, the strong adhesion occurs only after the sliding (wringing). Various hypotheses explaining wringing and adhesion mechanisms in the blocks have been suggested in the literature, including the role of intermolecular forces, oil surface tension, and air pressure. We study the frictional sliding of two Jo blocks against each other to obtain insights into the mechanisms of wringing. The results show an increase in the friction force with the sliding distance, which is consistent with the removal of the oxide film from the steel surface by wringing. This is likely the dominant mechanism of Jo block adhesion.


Osteoarthritis (OA) is extremely common, particularly among elderly people. It represents a major cause of morbidity, disability and social isolation, especially where the hip and knee are involved. The classification and nomenclature of OA are problematic and the multifactorial nature of OA is well recognised. Classification might arguably be based on radiological, clinical or symptomatic features; however, each system overlaps with another and no one scheme is ideal. Nevertheless, for the purpose of defining health care need, it is the symptomatic features that truly matter.


This study investigates the motivation configuration of bluxury tourism behavior. According to complexity theory and push and pull motivation theory, we establish a framework of complex configurati...


Preface /xi Introduction: Growing Up between Weimar and Hitler / 1 Escape / 29 Resistance / 64 Israel: Immigration Jeckepotz / 94 United States: Golden Country behind Paper Walls / 129 World Revolution, or the Dream That Failed / 161 Britain: Forever Refugees? / 189 The Great Dispersal: Hotel Bolivia and Hotel Shanghai / 215 Returning to Germany / 241 Portrait of a Generation / 268 Glossary / 307 Bibliographical Essay / 311 Index / 329 Illustrations follow pages 116 and 232


It is a challenging task to control polymerization reactor due to the complex reactions mechanism. Moreover, the dynamic behaviour of the polymerization reactor is highly nonlinear. Thousand of reactions involed during polymerization that make the system complex in nature. Artificial intelligent appeared as promising tool to control such kind of nonlinear and complex processes. In the present work, a advanced nonlinear controller, namely adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) is proposed and designed for polymerization reactor. Sugeno type fuzzy interface system is used in ANFIS. Hybrid optimization algorithm, a combination of least-square estimation and backpropagation methods is used to optimize the neural network-based fuzzy output model. Styrene free radical polymerisation batch reactor is used as a case study. Simulation results demonstrated that the tracking performance of the ANFIS-based controller is better than the traditional neural network (NN)-based controller.


Tracer studies help educational institutions obtain information to increase the relevance of their curriculum to meet employment's need and improve the graduate performance. This applied research aims to evaluate the implementation of study programs in order to increase the relevance of the curriculum and the graduate performances. This research adopts a qualitative approach. 77 informants were involved in the research, consisting of 64 alumni and 13 stakeholders. Data were collected through online interviews and questionnaires containing open-ended questions, and then analyzed using content analysis. The results showed that the implementation of study programs, service quality, curriculum relevance, and alumni performance were rated at "good" and "very good" levels. To improve services, MM study program needs to improve the quality of communication among lecturers and academic staff, and organize information technology-based learning, learning activities outside the campus (industry), and learning mechanisms for alumni. The study suggests to the importance of soft and hard skills particularly related to integrity; professionalism; leadership element; and the communication skills of graduates in the curriculum. Keywords : Tracer study, Alumni, Stakeholder, Service quality, Curricullum relevance


Let S and T be compact (topological) semigroups, A be a closed subsemigroup of S, and f be a continuous homomorphism of A onto T. It is a natural question to ask is there a compact semigroup Z containing T and a continuous homomorphism φ of S onto Z such that φ restricted to A is f? In the category of compact Hausdorff spaces, the answer to the analogous question may be given by the following construction due to Borsuk. Let X and Y be compact Hausdorff spaces, A be a closed subspace of X and f a continuous function of A onto Y. Then R(f, X) = {(x, y)|f(x) = f(y) or x = y} is a closed equivalence relation on X. The adjunction space Z(f, x) is X/R(f, X). The purpose of this note is to investigate this construction in semigroups.


There are still significant social, cultural and economic development gains to be made in ensuring women's equitable access to and control over resources. The impact of inequality in access to resources represents a global challenge with implications for individual, family, community and national level. This paper examines women's access to resources in a broad sense, including legislations, human rights and freedoms, economic empowerment, trade, social protection, basic needs, economic resources generated at the national level through budgets, trade, and development assistance; jobs and employment, landed property and other productive resources; and education. The United Nations and its agencies have demonstrated leadership in identifying and systematically and effectively addressing discrimination against women in relation to access and control of resources. There are lots of solutions campaigns in Cameroon on women limited access to resources and education, violations of women's rights, persistent discriminatory legislation; violence against women, including harmful traditional practices such as early and forced marriage, female genital mutilation; public and political life, leadership and health services.


According to calculation method, pressure regulating space and differential voltage of metal anodes electrolyzer and bipolar type ionic membrane electrolyzer, applicable load switches were selected.


Autism is a neuro developmental condition of unknown etiology which is usually diagnosed in the first 3 years of life. Several studies have linked with reduced intake of some nutrients with autism and autism spectrum disorders. To identify nutritional risk factors that predispose to autism among preschool and school children living in Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah. Thirty children with autism/autism spectrum disorders (AU/ASD), 2-12 years old and thirty six matched control children were compared as regards BMI and food intake, using 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire. Children with AU/ASD consumed similar amount of energy, protein and many other nutrients, many of which were below the international recommendations for children at the same age group, both consumed significantly less omega-3 and iron than the control group. Children with ASD like the children in KSA consumed less than the recommended amount of certain nutrients from food.  Autistic children suffer from more reduced intake of omeg-3 and iron, with limited intake of many food varieties could be linked to autism in susceptible children. Key word: Autism, neuro, children, nutrients, food frequency, recommended amount.


BACKGROUND
Firearm injury remains a public health epidemic in the United States. A large proportion of individuals with gunshot wounds subsequently have retained bullet fragments (RBF). There are no standard medical guidelines regarding bullet removal and the full extent of the consequences of RBF remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether there is an association among RBF, elevated blood lead levels (BLL) and lead toxicity in survivors of firearm injury aged 16 years and older.

METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Sociological Abstracts electronic databases were searched for all randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies published in the English language between 1988 and 2018. Quality assessment and risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

RESULTS
The search yielded 2,012 articles after removal of duplicates. Twelve were included after full article review. Eleven studies supported an association between elevated BLL and RBF. Bony fractures were associated with increased risk of elevated BLL in three studies. A positive relationship between BLL and the number of RBF was also shown in three studies, with one study demonstrating 25.6% increase in BLL for every natural-log increase in RBF (1-228, p < 0.01). Meta-analysis demonstrated BLL significantly higher in individuals with RBF as compared to controls (5.47 ug/dL, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with bony fractures or multiple RBF, who are at higher risk of elevated BLL, should be monitored for BLL in intervals of 3 months within the first year of injury. For patients who return with BLL above 5 ug/dL, all efforts must be undertaken to remove fragments if there is no potential to worsen the injury.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Systematic Review, I-IVRegistration Number: PROSPERO: CRD42018100689.


India is one of the largest producers of potato crop in the whole world. Potato is responsible for the significant crop production statistics in India. It's contribution is over 27.8 percent of the total crop which is grown in our country. But due to some plant diseases the health of the potato plant gets adversely affected which leads to great economic losses which directly affects the nation's economy as well. Due to illiteracy and poor knowledge of botany and plants farmers used to suffer terrific amount of economic losses. The traditional methods used by farmers were not up to the mark. In earlier times the farmers used to detect if the plant is healthy, or it has some sort of disease. This method is obviously not very productive and also, very cumbersome. So with the help of new technology, we can detect the problem very easily within fraction of seconds and it also provide very optimized results. We have a dataset called Plant village which has more than 2000 images of different leaves. In our project we will give our input image and our model will then predict weather the potato leaf is disease free or not. And if there is any disease then it will figure out whether it is early blight or late blight. We will use Deep learning in our project for optimum result. We will also use various algorithms such as ANN, CNN and apply the one which yield us the most accurate results. It was concluded that CNN gives the outstanding results amongst all with an accuracy of 98.72 percent.


The authors fabricated Co nanorings incorporated in the vertical pseudo-spin-valve nanopillar structures with deep submicron lateral sizes. It is shown that the current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance can be used to characterize a very small magnetic nanoring effectively. Both the onion state and the flux-closure vortex state are observed. The Co nanorings can be switched between the onion states as well as between onion and vortex states not only by the external field but also by the perpendicularly injected dc current.


The low and atmospheric pressure polymerizations of ethylene using catalysts prepared from n-butyl lithium or isoamyl lithium and titanium tetrachloride were studied. The efficiency of the catalyst depended on the molecular ratio of the alkyl lithium to titanium tetrachloride. Optimum molecular ratio for the n-butyl lithium–titanium tetrachloride was found to be between 2.15–2.47 with a sharp drop between 2.15–1.49; for the isoamyl lithium the optimum was between 2.5–4.3. Within the examined interval (of atmospheric pressure to a pressure of 60–70 lb./sq. in.) higher pressure caused an increase in the yield of polyethylene. No pronounced effect in polymerization was found in the temperature interval of −10–55°. The catalyst is stable for a few days if kept refrigerated. Petroleum ether, b.p. 40–80°, was the best solvent both for the preparation of the catalyst and for the polymerization. Ligroin, toluene, and especially ether interfered with the polymerization. The polyethylenes obtained melted between 125–135°.


Food additive is an important part in the development of meat industry,food additives can improve not only the meat color,smell and taste,but also to reduce product cost,improve product quality plays an important role.This article through several common food additives,on its applications in meat products.


Introduction: Treatment for peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) may consist of intervention procedure, including surgery, and conservative techniques such as rehabilitation. The exercise-based rehabilitation is a viable alternative due to its low cost and effectiveness in functional improvement. Objective: To evaluate results obtained through physiotherapy for individuals with PAOD in an outpatient program for a minimum of three months. Methods: Retrospective observational study where data were gathered through a medical chart survey. Functional capacity was assessed using the shuttle walking test and six-minute walk test and functional capacity was evaluated via the Short-Form Health Survey. Results: Forty medical charts were selected, of which 12 met inclusion criteria. Functional capacity and quality of life measures showed significant improvement. Functional capacity and SF-36 variables were analyzed using the paired t-test. Conclusion: Twice-weekly supervised treatment displayed favorable results in functional capacity and quality of life measures.


The aim of the research is to collect the
information and analyze integrated systems of municipal
solid waste (MSW) management and treatment in
Vinnytsia region for its further optimization.
The state of landfills and waste dump sites in
Vinnytsia region, existing MSW collection system
(container availability) and waste transportation system
(availability and frequency of transportation) in all
districts of Vinnytsia region, legal framework in the
field of solid waste management, the state of public
awareness and public opinion on MSW management in
Vinnytsia region are analyzed; recommendations for
environmental safety of Vinnytsia region in the waste
management sphere are given.


...............................................................................................ii Acknowledgements....................................................................................iv List of Figures........................................................................................vii List of Tables.........................................................................................ix Chapter I. Literature Review........................................................................1 The connection between bioluminescence and quorum sensing in Vibrio fischeri.................................................................................2 Gene organization and function of the lux operon........................................3 Acyl-homoserine lactone formation and structural diversity...........................4 AHL synthases................................................................................6 Mechanistic involvement of AHL with transcription factors...........................7 Gram-positive quorum sensing.............................................................8 Quorum sensing by AI-2.....................................................................9 Inter-kingdom quorum sensing...........................................................11 The LuxR protein family...................................................................15 The third class of LuxR-type proteins serve as repressors............................17 The quorum sensing system of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii..........................18 EsaR structure and function................................................................22 Research Plan................................................................................23 Chapter II. Identifying Amino Acid Residues Involved in EsaR-AHL Interactions Through Site-Directed and Random Mutagenesis..............................................25 Introduction.................................................................................26 Materials and Methods.....................................................................28 Results and Discussion ....................................................................52


This paper describes the in-field transportation process of Fresh Fruit Bunches (ffb), carried out by three different Colombian oil palm plantations. The three of them use tractors and figure out their transportation systems in accordance with their plantation design, distance to the mill, labor availability and machinery requirements. The transportation cost of a ton of ffb was estimated for each plantation. It has been determined that the efficiency of a transportation system depends on two facts. The first one is the production of ffb per hectare. The second refers to the activities assigned to each worker that in some cases generate a bottleneck in the system.


Auditory processing of complex sources, after an initial peripheral spectro-temporal stage, is thought to have a more central stage identify in the output time segments and frequency regions of higher activity by way of a temporal and spectral modulation analysis. Such analysis broadens the view on perception, both that of complex signals and of auditory scene analysis (ASA). When resolution of temporal and spectral modulations is adequate, the auditory system can decode complex signals and separate simultaneous sources in a scene. Although research in the modulation domain has uncovered important properties of the central (cortical) mechanism active in such analysis, so far it has bypassed the spatial dimension. The present study proposes to include spatial modulation in the horizontal plane into this mechanism. The signal emanating from multiple and diverse sources at different azimuths will first undergo peripheral binaural processing using known methods, consisting of frequency analysis, phasecompensated rectification, left-right cross-correlation, straightening, and weighted frequency integration. The output will represent azimuthal activity between -π and +π radians as a function of time. This analysis stage will be followed by the modulation analysis stage: convolution of the magnitudes, across the azimuth activity axis, with a kernel function that signifies resolution of nearby simultaneous sources. Results of the spatial modulation analysis will be shown as a function of the same input frequency analyzed and put through a stage of temporal modulation processing. Spatial and temporal modulation analysis results viewed side-by side will predict the temporal fluctuation rate and spatial source density at which perception of multiple sources should be optimal.


Table 1. Parameters used for the X-ray data collection Source of material: Li[B3P06(0H)3] was prepared by hydrothermal treatment of mixtures of LiOH · 2H2O, P2O5 and B2O3 (molar ratio 11:1:3.5; conc. solution in HCl) at 433 K. The crystal structure of Li[B3POô(OH)3] contains alternating BO4 and (OH)PÛ3 tetrahedra along [010], which are connected to infinite chains by sharing common vertices. The BO4 tetrahedra are additionally connected with dimeric units B203(0H)2 (trigonal-planar coordinated boron) by sharing common oxygen-functions. Lithium is in a tetrahedral coordination by two terminal oxygen atoms of two neighbouring (OH)PC>3 groups and two OH-groups o f two trigonalplanar diborate-units. Two of these LiC>2(OH)2 tetrahedra share a common O-O-edge. Boron in a trigonal-planar as well as in a tetrahedral coordination is also present in the crystal structure of (NH4)2[B3P07(0H)2] (see réf. 1), which contains a polymeric anion similiar to that in the title compound. The anions only differ concern i n g the p h o s p h a t e g r o u p s : the PO4 t e t r a h e d r a in (NH4)2[B3P07(0H)2] are substituted by ( 0 H ) P 0 3 tetrahedra in Li[B3P06(0H)3].


State funding will help purchase COVID-19 276,000 tests, 246,000 of which will be allocated to campuses and 30,000 of which will be held in reserve by UW System for peaks or shortfalls.


even more scandalous idea, that the Germans' assault had forced the Jews into shameful complicity with their murderers, turning them into sheep who went to their slaughter—with a tiny minority eventually to emerge, from the depths of their degradation, into the self-assertion of revolt, one of the best examples of which was the uprising in Treblinka in 1943. Mixing testimony with historical description but also incorporating his own fictionalized imagination of what had happened in that camp, Steiner focused on the desperate revolt of the Jewish inmates and what Moyn refers to as "the virile and warlike hero-ethic" that the author prized as a post-Holocaust model for the Jewish people. Appearing as it did in the mid-1960s, just when a host of orthodoxies were being or were about to be challenged and ethic identities discovered, or rediscovered, Steiner's Treblinka set the terms for furious debates—among old and young, survivors and those beginning to be identified as second-generation of victims, left and right, Yiddishists and assimilated Jews, universalists and Jewish particularists. Moyn deftly and knowledgeably describes the protagonists, including an assembly of French intellectuals and authorities from Pierre Vidal-Naquet to Claude Lanzmann and many others. He connects the debate subtly to its multisided context— French, international, and Jewish—which included the appearance of a French translation of Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem in late 1966, the outbreak of the Six-Day War in the summer of 1967, and, of course, Charles de Gaulle's famous swipe at the Jewish people that year. Crudely presented by a brash young writer in 1966, entangled with his own identity as the son of Kadmi Cohen, a fiery follower of Jabotinski who was murdered during the Holocaust, and quite openly self-promoting as a Jewish radical, Jean-François Steiner posed issues that reverberate still—among such writers as Dominick LaCapra, Giorgio Agamben, Tzvetan Todorov, and others. My appreciation goes to Samuel Moyn for this short book that so brilliantly recovers a debate that I, like many others, only vaguely remember, and that is now more forty years old and has been largely ignored.


Coronary artery blockage is a vital issue of occurring heart attack. There are several techniques to diagnose coronary artery blockage as well as other type heart diseases. In this paper, we discuss about computerized full automated model for the detection of coronary artery blockage using image processing techniques so that the system does not have to rely on human's inspection. Using efficient image processing technique and AI algorithms, the system allows a faster and reliable detection of the narrowing area of the wall of coronary arteries due to the condensation of different artery blocking agents. The system requires a 64-slice/128-slice CTA image as input. After the acquisition of the desired input image, it goes through several steps to determine the region of interest. This research proposes a two stage approach that includes the pre-processing stage and decision stage. The pre-processing stage involves common image processing strategies while the decision stage involves the extraction and calculation of features to finally determine the intended result using AI algorithms. This type of model effectively enables early detection of coronary artery blockage through segmentation, quantification, identification of degree of blockage and risk factors of heart attack.


The acoustic emission (AE) technique is one of the unconventional methods of partial discharges (PDs) detection. It plays a most important role in oil-filled power transformers diagnostics because it enables the detection and online monitoring of PDs as well compared to the conventional method for PDs detection which are not suitable for on-site measurement due to electrical disturbance. In this paper, the acoustic based on piezoelectric sensor by different material is modelled in order to be able to obtain PDs signal occurred in power transformers. Modelling of a piezoelectric sensor with different material which is PZT-5H, ZnO, and AlN is approached in order to investigate the performance of resonant frequency, electric potential, and the performance in processing in order to match the range of AE detection. Piezoelectric materials have become very useful in processing devices because of their electrical-mechanical mutuality. Study was performed on frequency target of PDs should be higher and in the range of 10 kHz -300 kHz in order to prevent the power transformer from failure or breakdown and it has been found out by proven from analytical and simulation result by using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Based on this information, acoustic sensor is analyses with different types of cantilever beam and piezoelectric material and different length dimension of the beam in order to analyses the performance between them. Based on the result, the piezoelectric material that be chosen in this project is ZnO due to its high piezoelectric coupling and environmental friendly is used in order to support green technology compared to others material discussed which is harmful even though produced high performance. This detection method gave some improvement in monitoring system PD activities in the transformer's tank.


The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of the founder of the national ethnointrumology Alexander Sergeyevich Famintsyn. The purpose of the study is to analyze the intellectual environment in which Famintsyn was formed as a scientist and reflect the ideas, methods and achievements of the humanities of the XIX century in his works. The purpose of the proposed article is to consider the main works of the scientist "Deities of the ancient Slavs" and "Buffoons in Russia" in the context of scientific ideas of his time and as the basis of his later instrumental works. The relevance lies in the need to study the period of the beginning of the formation of national ethnoinstrumentology, its methodological foundations, which were laid in the works of Famintsyn. The article analyzes the features of A.S.Famintsyn's scientific method, which consists in the use of a comparative method formed in religious studies and literary studies, the presence of hermeneutical reading of sources. Methodology: the author applied source-based, comparative-historical, system-ethnophonic methods to the study of the topic. The prerequisites for the formation of a scientific picture of the scientist's world (gymnasium years), the influence on the concept of Famintsyn of the national school of literary studies (A. N. Veselovsky, I. I. Sreznevsky), the German comparative mythological school (M. Muller) are considered. The author comes to the conclusion about the fundamental novelty of the approach, which was present in the musicological (instrumental) works of A. S. Famintsyn – both by the choice of the object of research (song and instrumental layers of traditional culture), and by the methodology formed within the framework of the comparative method of linguistics and religious studies. The scientific novelty lies in the subject itself - the scientific heritage of A.S.Famintsyn, who has not been the object of a separate study until now. The author comes to the conclusion that the intellectual environment in which Famintsyn-scientist was formed had a direct impact on the specifics of his instrumental works, their methodology, orientation, and source base. An important role in this belonged to the related humanities - philology, history, religious studies, ethnography.


This report is the Users' Manual that accompanies MEDS-E, the economic component of a new Windows-based version of the MEDS (Models of the Economic-Demographic System) software. MEDS-E is designed to make use of the all-Canada population and labour force projections from MEDS-D in projecting various Canadian macro-economic aggregates. The projections, which are made year-to-year, extend as far as 2051. The time paths of the economic projections are determined by the population and labour inputs, type of aggregate production function chosen, rates of depreciation, and investment, consumption, and other parameters. A set of "standard" assumptions is provided, but users can change those assumptions.


We welcome Ms Woolrich's response to our guest editorial entitled "Surviving clinical errors in practice" as representing the perspective of the insurance industry in this complex issue faced regularly by veterinarians. We particularly welcome the argument made by Ms Woolrich that insurance companies can play a supporting role for veterinarians in navigating the difficulties of disclosing errors made in clinical practice to minimise litigation. Ms Woolrich questions our conclusions about the prevalence of errors in the veterinary profession in New Zealand and the culture of hiding errors from clients and colleagues without presenting any countering evidence. We acknowledge in our original editorial that studies of clinical errors and their effects on veterinary clinicians and clients are lacking, with the notable exception of Wallis et al. (2019). This is an area that needs specific research, especially as it relates to Aotearoa New Zealand. However, we affirm that extrapolating from the abundant studies of this issue in human medicine is of value to the New Zealand veterinary profession. Unless contradictory evidence is provided, it would be safest to assume that veterinary staff face the same moral dilemmas and distress associated with clinical errors as their human medical counterparts. We can reassure Ms Woolrich that the expectations of veterinary undergraduates of their own fallibility is addressed in the current curriculum, and that many clinical academics use their own clinical errors as teaching exercises. The aim is to help our newest colleagues understand that they will inevitably make their own errors. We do not agree however, that this is all that is required to build resilience to clinical errors into new veterinarians, and that one of our purposes in writing this editorial was not only to acknowledge that we make mistakes, but that how we deal with these errors can have a significant effect not only on our clients, but also on our staff, our students and our own sense of self-worth. A further criticism that Ms Woolrich makes is that we have not provided evidence for the statement that disclosure of mistakes in medical practice is encouraged, and in what countries. In the United Kingdom, there is legislation around physicians' "duty of candour" to their patients (Shekar and Brennan 2020), and in the United States of America multiple states have enacted legislation to allow physicians to apologise to patients, without this being taken as an admission of liability (Berlinger 2005). In Australia, there is a National Open Disclosure Standard (Parker 2012). The evidence that disclosure of errors reduces the chance of litigation is found in compilations of subjective narrative accounts of physicians and their patients (Berlinger 2005) and more recently in peer-reviewed studies of the risk factors leading to litigation in human medicine (Haywood and Kron 2020). We acknowledge that disclosure of clinical errors is a complex and controversial issue. It would be naïve to conclude that full disclosure of clinical errors without attempts to address the other needs of clients always brings a peaceful resolution to these events. Veterinary clients whose pets are affected by clinical errors must be handled compassionately and with a focus on their individual needs and circumstances. For a deep discussion of the need for a client-focussed approach to clinical error we recommend the book "After Harm: Medical Error and the Ethics of Forgiveness" (Berlinger 2005). A recent study of human surgical practice found surgeons with low empathy and emotional intelligence were more likely to be involved in litigation around clinical errors than their more socially adept colleagues (Haywood and Kron 2020). This highlights the vital importance of communication between the clients and the veterinary staff involved. One of the fundamental principles of the Veterinary Council of New Zealand's Code of Professional Conduct (Anonymous 2020) is that we should act "in a manner that promotes the public's trust and confidence in the profession". Ms Woolrich recommends that insurance companies should be primarily involved in decisions on how to communicate clinical errors to clients to minimise the risk of litigation. Ultimately, while veterinarians should consider such advice, we argue that the duty of candour to our clients is inherent in our professional ethics.


Islands of high genomic divergence that contain genes of evolutionary significance may form between diverging species. The gopher rockfish, Sebastes carnatus, and black‐and‐yellow rockfish, S. chrysomelas, are sympatrically distributed temperate marine species inhabiting rocky reefs and kelp forests on the west coast of the United States. Prior studies documented low levels of genetic divergence between the two species, except at a single microsatellite locus that displayed high divergence, Sra.7‐2. To better characterize genome wide divergence, we scored 25 additional microsatellite loci. Mean neutral divergence between species (FST = 0.01) changed little from prior estimates. Sra.7‐2 continued to be an extreme divergence outlier. Five novel microsatellites within ± 15 kb of Sra.7‐2 were characterized. High divergence, consistently low diversity in S. chrysomelas, and linkage disequilibrium were detected at these loci, suggesting the influence of recent selection. However, coalescent modelling of divergence at neutral and Sra.7‐2 regions showed that initial divergence at Sra.7‐2 was ancient, likely predating divergence at neutral regions. It is therefore unlikely that Sra.7‐2 divergence represents solely recent ecological divergence within one species and may represent the action of recurrent selection. Introgressive gene flow (2NEm) was much higher (>>1) at neutral than Sra.7‐2 regions (<<1) despite evidence that two S. carnatus individuals have recently mixed ancestry at the Sra.7‐2 region. The Sra.7‐2 genomic region is likely one of several regions containing genes involved in initiating and maintaining species integrity. Completion of the final stages of speciation appears to be a slow and ongoing process for these species.


This paper explores the choice of language employed by the Malaysian mainstream media to construct the former Barisan Nasional government's role in nation building in transforming Malaysia from a developing country to a fully developed country by the year 2020 as envisioned by Vision 2020. In particular, this paper focuses on fourteen curated news articles on the GST Malaysia Info web portal set up by the former government to educate the public on the benefits of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) to the country and the people by analysing lexical words with experiential values. The data collection, categorisation and analysis entail the use of simple corpus linguistic tools and close reading of the data based on the researchers' interpretative resources or "member's resources" (Fairclough, 2001). The analysis of this study utilising a qualitative approach shows that the people are not only persuaded to 'buy' the idea of the new GST tax regime but also to buy into the ideology and discourse of nation building from the introduction of a more efficient way of tax collection. It uncovers how the manipulation of an educational campaign on the GST into a political discourse of nation building produces a positive portrayal of the government with an efficient economic development plan. Drawing on Fairclough's (1989, 2001, 2015) three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis framework with a focus on different values of formal linguistic features , this study offers insights into the interplay between language, politics and nation building. Keywords: Goods and Services Tax (GST); mainstream media; Critical Discourse Analysis; nation building; experiential value of words


Within the Cutting line Quarter Horses, the animals are usually destined to the functional competition, exploring skills as agility and obedience, traits that are considered of the great importance in the management of cattle in a field. The selection directed to different goals (conformation, racing or cutting lines) has also promoted significant changes in the body traits of the Quarter Horses. Cutting line horses are more compact and have advantaged rear muscles when compared to the racing lines. The aim of this study was to analyze an association between Equine Repetitive Element 1 (ERE1) and Body Measurements in Cutting line Quarter Horses. Were collected blood samples and body measurements of height at withers (HW), body length (BL) and heart girth (HG) of 69 units of Cutting Line Quarter Horses. The analysis was performed through the association between the genotypes of the ERE1 marker obtained by PCR and the estimate breeding values of Body Measurements using the blupf90 and Plink v.1.07 softwares. The HG has high correlation with body weight and was suggestively associated with ERE1 (p-value = 0.08647), HW (p-value = 0.1947) and BL (p = 0.4602) were not significant. The SINE ERE1 appears in a promoter region of the gene MSTN that regulates negatively the muscle growth, the Insert of this element inhibits the expression of MSTN taking to the greater muscle development. A major sample could confirm the suggestive result found here. This study may help the understanding of the relations between the performance and the morphology of the animals within their breed.


This paper discusses what a researcher can expect when doing qualitative research in an American Indian community. Despite an attempt to adequately prepare for fieldwork, the author found that the research process differed in important respects from the qualitative methods literature. The paper chronicles key differences concerning gatekeepers and the research bargain, establishing rapport and gaining acceptance, the roles assigned to the researcher, the role of key informants and brokers, and several uniquely Indian processes the author experienced. The paper concludes with a summary of salient characteristics of research among American Indians and argues that such research takes longer, the research bargain is a matter of constant negotiation, gatekeepers are ubiquitous within the community, and the researcher needs to be prepared to make some accommodations to his or her hosts.


Mining law, since before the Indonesian independence has already been a debatable topic between the business sector, Government, and other stakeholders until now. Several issues of mining law that have been debated among others, are: the form of concession and the authority for issuing mining licenses in relations with the right of state control stipulated under Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution, issues regarding taxes and royalties, environmental issues and other obligations. Since the enactment of Indische Mijn Wet 1899 until the enactment of Law No. 4 of 2009, these debates have yet to be settled; more, other serious issues are rising. These issues are steeply raised since the beginning of the reformation era of Local Governance which was marked by the enactment of Law No. 22 of 1999 that gives the power for the Municipal/City level Government to regulate the mining sector.


The history of this period, as currently studied, falls neatly into three phases. The twenty-five years or so after the fall of James II are marked by limited and largely unsuccessful attempts at reform, undertaken against a background of fundamental divisions on matters of religious and political principle. Thereafter the emphasis shifts to consensus, privilege and self-interest, as we turn to the workings of a comfortable ecclesiastical establishment firmly embedded in the patronage networks of the Hanoverian one-party state. In the last years of the eighteenth century this image of complacent stagnation is qualified by the first signs of spiritual revitalisation. Recent work has modified this chronological framework. Whether it will have to be more radically revised remains to be seen.


We propose one possible way of avoiding the breakdown of analyticity of average Green's functions based on the cluster coherent potential approximation for substitutionally disordered systems. Our assertion is that nonanalyticity would not occur when a one-particle total hamiltonian is partitioned into the sum of homomorphic single-cluster hamiltonians and the CPA condition is applied to one of these homomorphic subhamiltonians. Using an example of homomorphic partition into double-site clusters, we show that the results for disordered one- and three-dimensional systems with site-diagonal randomness lend support to our assertion.


Deserts are a main source of dust storms in the surface layer,and aeolian dust transport processes are closely related to the variation with height of near-surface horizontal and deposition dust flux.This paper discusses the variation with height of horizontal dust flux and dustfall within 50 m above the ground surface based on about two-year observations of mobile sand dunes in the southeastern Tengger Desert by horizontal aeolian dust samplers and dustfall gauges.It is revealed that both horizontal aeolian dust flux and dustfall amount decay exponentially with height,and the horizontal aeolian dust flux and dustfall amount are linearly and positively correlated.


We have once or twice, recently, alluded to a practice prevalent among business-men, of living beyond their means, and thus bring ing upon themselves a failure, which was no fault of their mode of business, but only of their manner of living. It is not safe to look only at a man's store, to know his standing in business ; you must look also at his house. His splendid profits may entirely merge themselves in his splendid dwelling; so that, if he should suddenly fail, his assets would be found to consist chiefly of carpets, mir rors, frescoes, pictures, marbles, furniture, and a variety of similar articles, all belonging to the inside of a " brown-stone front." Now, if what is poured into the top of a pitcher runs out through a hole in the bottom, it will take continual pouring to keep it full; a sudden stoppage will leave it empty and dry. We need hardly say, that it takes a large business to support a fine house ; and when the fine house taxes the business to its utmost, a small re verse, which otherwise a man would hardly have felt, may now occasion his ruin. Tfie foundation of a man's fortune is laid on two comer stones—one in his store, the other in his house. If he builds too heavily on either of these, he will have the whole roof down upon him. Many a man who has been known as the " architect of his own fortune," has built unwisely upon one or other of these foundations.


The economic system reform has made great changes in China in politics,economy,culture,etc.The principle of exchange at equal value and efficiency priority of market economy changed not only the traditional way of thinking and evaluating level,but also changed the level of life and value of people.The college students are growing up under such enviroments,so it is urgent to strengthen the college students' political thought.


Based on the integration of frequency-and-period-measuring, the mathematical model of a resistance-frequency transform circuit for humidity sensor is presented, and the variation rule of the equivalant capacitance and equivalant resistance of sensor with humidity is studied in this paper. The improving paths of humidity sensing characteristic are also put forward.


The excess molar enthalpies, , for methanol + 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, and 4-heptanone have been measured as a function of mole fraction at 298.15 and 323.15 K by means of an isothermal flow calorimeter. Values for are endothermic with a maximum value occurring at a mole fraction close to 0.5. The temperature effect on the excess enthalpy values is important. Maximum values at 298.15 K range from 725 to 744 J·mol-1. Maximum values at 323.15 K range from 908 to 955 J·mol-1. The position of the ketone group has little effect on the measured .


The investigation had been conducted in the Obstetric Department of King's College Hospital, London, with a view to ascertaining: (1) Any difficulties associated with the technique, the efficiency of the analgesia, and whether there were any untoward sequelee. (2) 'Whether caudal analgesia modified the normal course of labour, and if so, whether such modification was in any way detrimental to the welfare of the mother, the fcetus, or both.


In the recent 50 years, regional economic development in China has experienced three stages. They are balanced development, unbalanced development, and coordinated economic development among various regions. The decision and strategy of "pioneering the west" reached at the 4th Plenary Session of the 15th Party Congress has paved way for the development of central and west China. This move the author points out, will certainly contribute to abridging the gap between east and west China.


Title. Degraders of WEE1 Kinase. Patent Publication Number. WO 2020/069105 A1 Publication Date. April 02, 2020 Priority Application. US 62/737,523 Priority Date. September 27, 2018 Inventors. Gray, N. S.; Scott, D.; Li, Z.; Pinch, B. J.; Olson, C.; Fischer, E. S.; Nowak, R. P.; Donovan, K. A. Assignee Company. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc., 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA. Disease Area. Cancer Biological Target. WEE1 Tyrosine Kinase. Summary. The cell cycle is a highly regulated process, and several mechanisms exist by which the cells modulate the progression, including factors that affect DNA replication or DNA damage. The cell-cycle checkpoints enable the cells to repair damaged DNA prior to transmission into mitosis, and the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) coordinate the progression through the cell cycle. For instance, the progression from G2 into mitosis is controlled by the CDC2/cyclin B complex (CDK1/cyclin B). The blockade at the G2 checkpoint is especially important for p53 mutant cells, which have the opportunity to arrest the cell cycle at the G1 checkpoint such that defective P53 pathway relies mainly on DNA repair at the G2 checkpoint. In normal cells, the G2 checkpoint is not burdenedwith halting the cell cycle prior toDNAdamage repair. In cancer cells, however, there is a deficient G1 checkpoint that impairs the ability of the cell to halt the cell cycle in order to repair DNA damage prior to replication, which accumulates mutations and propagates irregularities that are favorable to cancer formation. WEE1 is a protein kinase involved in many cellular processes, one of which is its role as a regulator of the Sphase and G2-M cell-cycle checkpoint, which respond to DNA damage or replication stress. The majority of human cancer cells have a deficient G1-S checkpoint, often via mutation of p53, and are particularly reliant on a functional G2-M checkpoint to avoid mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis. WEE1 phosphorylates CDK and restrains their activity and prevents premature entry into mitosis until DNA is repaired. Thus, WEEl is essential to the DNA repair process and is viewed as a mitotic gatekeeper, whose activity is reduced after the damaged DNA is repaired and the cells transition into cell division (mitosis). The overexpression of WEE1 has been reported in several cancer types, including breast, gastric, ovarian, colorectal, sarcoma, and malignant melanoma. Many anticancer treatments such as ionizing radiation, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, platinum compounds, and DNA topoisomerase inhibitors exert their activity by DNA damage in tumor cells, which also initiate activation of cell cycle checkpoints, including WEEl and CDK1 and 2. This gives the tumor cell time to repair the damaged DNA before it begins mitosis. Consequently, tumor cells can exploit the DNA repair process and render them refractory or even immune to the anticancer therapy. Therefore, the abrogation of the G2-M checkpoint by the inhibition of WEEl sensitizes tumors to the effects of DNA-damaging therapies mentioned above. AZD1775 is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive WEEl small molecule inhibitor that inhibits downstream phosphorylation of CDK1 on Tyr15, which has been shown to induce premature mitotic entry, sensitize p53 mutant tumor cells to DNA-damaging agents, and cause tumor regression in preclinical cancer models, and it enabled numerous clinical trials in combination with a variety of DNA-damaging agents in advanced leukemia and solid tumors. There are over 20 completed or actively recruiting AZD1775 clinical trials (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=AZD1775&term= &type=&rslt=&recrs=a&recrs=e&age_v=&gndr=&intr= &titles=&outc=&spons=&lead=&id=&cntry=&state=&city= &dist=&locn=&rsub=&strd_s=&strd_e=&prcd_s=&prcd_e= &sfpd_s=&sfpd_e=&rfpd_s=&rfpd_e=&lupd_s=&lupd_e= &sort=, accessed 2020-06-09). However, AZD1775 promising efficacy in the clinic has been associated with a number of doselimiting toxicities, including anemia, nausea, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and off-target activity against other kinases


Device loss of BaxSr1−xTiO3 (BST, x=0.5 and 0.6) film-based interdigitated capacitors as a function of frequency (1–20 GHz) at room temperature is observed to range broadly from less than 0.01 to larger than 1 while the commonly observed device losses are around 0.05. Frequency dependence of the device loss tends to be larger for the higher device losses (>0.05) and at the higher frequencies (>10 GHz). The various characteristics of the microwave device loss are examined by analyzing the complex power applied in the devices, P=Pactive+jPreactive, where Pactive is the dissipated power and Preactive is the stored power in the devices. The dissipated power at the devices (Pactive), subsequently resulting in the device loss, e.g., device loss=−Pactive/Preactive, is well fitted with the dissipated powers associated with the dielectric resistance and the electrode resistance (including the conduction and radiation resistances) of the devices.


Fossil fuel energy is getting thinner every year, which raises concerns in the society over the energy crisis. For this reason, there is a need for innovations, namely better alternative energy. Alternative energy that can be utilized is wood waste from alaban wood and rice husk waste. This study aims to determine the characteristics of briquettes and combustion from a mixture of alaban wood charcoal waste and rice husk. This study uses variations in particle size of 40, 50, 60 mesh and a mixture of 70%:30%, 50%:50%, 30%:70% wood charcoal waste and rice husk. In this study, the best briquette characteristics were obtained in the composition briquettes of 70%:30% alaban wood charcoal waste and 60 mesh particle size rice husks with heating value 5749.99 cal/g, water content 2.37%, ash content 4.79% volatile matter 51.69% and carbon content 41.21%. The results of the research showed the characteristics of combustion. The composition of briquettes that have alaban wood charcoal waste affects the duration of ignition, prolongs flaring, lowers the rate of combustion, and increases the temperature of the briquette. The larger particle size affects the speed of ignition, accelerates combustion, accelerates the rate of combustion, and lowers the temperature of the briquette.


ASCHERSON. P.--Review of C. arsd W. Barbey's "Botanizing in the Levant," Bot. Zeit Fel). 16; Review of the 5th volume of Boissier's "Flora Orientalis," 1. c. Mar. 9. AsKENAsY.-Review or Berthold's "IDistribution of Algmt in the Gulf of Nepaul, etc., Bot. Zeit. Feb. 16. BAKER, J. G.-A Synopsis of the genus Selaginc-lla (containing descriptions of 8 new species), continued, Jour. Bot. 21. p. 80. BEAL, W. J.-Thenmovemnents of Roots of Indian Corn in Germination, Am. Nat. 17. 4. p. 412 BENNETT, AwrHUR -Two new Potamogetons iwith plate), Jour. Bot. 21. p. 65. BRITTEN, JAMES -A review of Sir J. D. Hooker's 'Flora of British India," part 9, Jour; Bot 21. p. 88. BUCHErAU, FR -Review of "Alex Braun's Life as drawn from his writings," by G. Reimer, Bot. Zeit. Mar. 16. CHEESEMAN, h. L.-An Alga in an Aquarium (with note by the editor), Am. Mo'. alic. Jou. 4. . 41. COOKE, i. C.-On Sphmwrella and its allies, Jour. RBot. 21. p. 67. EATON, D. C.-New or little-known Ferns of the I9. S. No. 13. tin which is a description of a new Notho]ena from California.) Torr. Bull. 1O. 3. p. 26. FARLOW, W. G.-Notice of Rabe. horst's KryptoZamen-Flora. vol. II, parts 13, Am. Jour. Sci. 3. 25. p. 314; Notice of C. B. Plowright's "Hetert.fcism of Ure0ines." 1. c. FAYOD, V.-Contributions to the knowledge of the lower Myxomycetes, 1 Plate, Bot. Zeit. Mar. 16. Fox Howard.-Influence of Environment on Plants (Brief note on flowering of Acacia dealbata), Nature, 27. p. 315. GEYLER.-Notice of A. Scheuk's paper upon Meduloea elegans, Bot. Zeit. Feb. 23; notice of J. Felix's paper upon the petrified woods of Frankenberg in Saxony, 1. c.; notice of Ferd. v. Mu ler's '"New Vegetable Fossils of Victoria, 1. c. Mar 16. GOODALE, G. L.-Notice of T.H.W. Eng!enanu on "Color and assimilation." Am.Jour. Sci. 3. 25, p. 312f; Notice of E. Stahl "on the influence of Snnny and Shaded Localities on the Development ot Foliage Leaves," 1. c p, 313; Notice of Meehan on "Freezing of liquids in living vegetable tissue," Science, 1. 8. Note 507. GRAY, ASA, and J. H. TitauM,sUL..-Review of De Candolle's Origin of Cultivated Plants; with Annotations upon certain American Species, Am. Jour. Sci. 3. 25. p. 211. HITCHcocK, R.-The Reticulate Structure of Living Matter (an excellent criticism of the "Bioplasson" theory), Am. Mo. Mic. Jour. 4. p. 48; Plants in Water at High Temperature, 1. c. p.57, KALCHBRENNER, C.-Communication on Mvcology, Flora, Feb. 21.


Threading dislocations (TDs) are inclined from the [0001] c-axis in 4H-SiC epilayers which are produced by the step-controlled technique. The reason for this inclination is discussed in the framework of isotropic elastic theory of dislocation. The elastic strain energy of a TD in an epilayer is calculated as a function of its orientation, and the minimum energy orientation is used to predict the inclination angle. The results of the calculations are as follows. For a cut-off angle (α) of 4°, a threading edge dislocation (TED) and a threading pure screw dislocation (TpSD) are inclined from the c-axis by 12 and 2°, respectively: Threading near screw dislocations (TnSDs) and threading mixed dislocations (TMDs) are inclined by angles ranging from 8 to 15° from the c-axis, depending on their actual Burgers vectors. Similarly for α of 8°, a TED and a TpSD are inclined from the c-axis by 21 and 4°, respectively: TnSDs and TMDs are inclined from the c-axis by angles ranging from 7 to 17°. These predictions are in good agreement with experiment.


The genus Hiptage Gaertn. (1790) consists of about 30 species worldwide (Srivastava 1997, Mabberley 2008), with nine species found in India (Srivastava 1997). One of the species Hiptage benghalensis (L.) Kurz (1874) based on Banisteria benghalensis L. (1753) appears to be yet untypified and is here investigated as a part of systematic study of this genus for India. Linnaeus (1753) published seven names under Banisteria L. [Banisteria angulosa L., B. benghalensis L., B. brachiata L., B. dichotoma L., B. fulgens L., B. lupuloides L. and B. purpurea L.] of which only one (Banisteria benghalensis L.) is now referred to this genus and the other names are usually placed in other genera (Gouania Jacq., Heteropterys Kunth and Stigmaphyllon A. Juss.). The protologue of Banisteria benghalensis (Fig. 1) consists of a short diagnosis, citation to his earlier work [Flora Zeylanica, number 176 (1747)] and three synonyms cited from an unpublished Plumier (1646–1704) manuscript [seen by Linnaeus during his stay in Holland (Stafleu and Cowan 1983), published later as Plantarum Americanarum fasciculus primus (Pulmier and Burman 1755), Sloane (1725) and Plukenet


The invention relates to an active pitch control system of a wind driven generator, which realizes special working condition processing logic in a motor driver at the bottom layer of the active pitch control system and direct control on a blade angle. For various special working conditions possibly occurring in the site operation of the wind driven generator, a series of motion measures are adopted in the active pitch control system to ensure safety shut-down, corrective maintenance and normal power generation production of the wind driven generator. The active pitch control system of the wind driven generator with special working condition processing logic has the advantages of reliable safety and remarkable economic benefit.


Aeroacoustic and hot-wire wake measurements have been made for rotating controlled diffusion blades configured as a three- and as a nine-blade axial fan. For each rotor, six different operating conditions (cases 1 to 6), ranging from very low pressure rise to blade stall and radial pumping, have been investigated. The experimental results include the wake flow patterns and the associated noise radiation. Fluctuation intensities and phase-averaged velocity magnitudes have been obtained in the downstream region of the fan to represent the basic flow features for each defined case. An array of microphones was used to measure the acoustic emissions created by the axial fan. A beamforming technique has been used to properly represent the fan acoustic emissions from the recorded acoustic data. Self-noise signatures of the propagated sound, corresponding to the defined cases, have been obtained in the range of 200–8000 Hz. Acoustic data and their links to 1) the physics of the flows, 2) aerodynamic loading, and ...


The adult anthropomorphic phantom of china must be consistent with the body's parameters of China.In order to facilitate the design calculation and speed up the development process of the Anthropomorphic Phantom of China,the author studies on its parameters as follows:Firstly,the author puts forward that the Adult Anthropomorphic Phantom of China can be divided into 15 segments;secondly,with the collecting data of Chinese adults' anthropometric dimensions,the author puts up the correlativity and regression analysis among the main dimensions(including length,diameter and volume)of every segment and two basic dimensions:stature and avoirdupois in order to set up dual linear regression equations with the main dimension of every segment as independent variables and stature and avoirdupois as dependent variables;finally,the author makes significant tests,including the regression equations and regression coefficients,and then evaluates regression equations with the measured values.


This thesis focuses on my endeavors to prepare new porous polymeric monoliths that are viable to use as supports in flow-through processes. Polymer monoliths of various porous properties and differ ...


Episodic air quality degradation due to particles occurs in multiple cities in central and southern Chile during the austral winter reaching levels up to 300–800 µg/m3 hourly PM2.5, which can be associated with severe effects on human health. An air quality prediction system is developed to predict such events in near real time up to 3 days in advance for nine cities with regular air quality monitoring: Santiago, Rancagua, Curicó, Talca, Chillan, Los Ángeles, Temuco, Valdivia, and Osorno. The system uses the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model configured with a nested 2 km grid‐spacing domain to predict weather and inert tracers. The tracers are converted to hourly PM2.5 concentrations using an observationally based calibration which is substantially less computationally intensive than a full chemistry model. The conversion takes into account processes occurring in these cities, including higher likelihood of episode occurrence during weekends and during colder days, the latter related to increased wood‐burning‐stove activity for heating. The system is calibrated and evaluated for April–August 2014 where it has an overall skill of 53–72% of episodes accurately forecasted (61–76% for the best initialization) which is better than persistence for most stations. Forecasts one, two, and three days in advance all have skill in forecasting events but often present large variability within them due to different meteorological initializations. The system is being implemented in Chile to assist authority decisions not only to warn the population but also to take contingency‐based emission restrictions to try to avoid severe pollution events.


ABSTRACT This paper focuses on improving the performance of image-to-video person re-identification through feature fusion. In this study, image-to-video person re-identification is formulated as a classification-based information retrieval in which a pedestrian appearance model is learned in the training phase, and the identity of an interested person is determined based on the probability his/her probe image belongs to the model. Four state-of-the-art features belonging to two categories: hand-designed features and learned features are investigated for person image representation. They are Kernel Descriptor, Gaussian of Gaussian, features extracted from two famous convolutional neural networks (GoogleNet and ResNet). Furthermore, three fusion schemes that are early fusion, product-rule and query-adaptive late fusion are proposed. To evaluate the performance of the chosen features for person appearance representation as well as their combination in three proposed fusion schemes, 114 experiments on two public benchmark datasets (CAVIAR4REID and RAiD) have been conducted. The experiments confirm the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed fusion schemes. The proposed schemes obtain improvement of +7.16%, +5.42%, and +6.30% at rank-1 over those of single feature in case A, case B of CAVIAR4REID, and RAiD, respectively.


The development of fine surface finish with no defects is still a significant challenge for the present industry and the finishing operation in the manufacturing of the precision components is the major problem. It is difficult rather impossible to polish/finish the difficult-to-reach surfaces, internal surfaces, and complex geometries by existing finishing methods. Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is a well-established advanced finishing process that can meet the required finishing requirements. However, the main disadvantages of this process are the surface integrity with low surface finish and high machining times. Magnetically Assisted Abrasive flow machining (MAAFM) is one of the non-conventional machining techniques that can successfully handle these problems. This process was developed in the early 2000s as a technique for deburring, polishing, and radiusing tough to reach surfaces like complicated configurations and edges/boundaries by flowing a magnetic abrasive polymeric medium across them. Magnetic flux density (MFD), extrusion pressure, flow volume, abrasive type, grit size, number of process cycles, medium, and workpiece configuration are the principal machining parameters that control the surface finish characteristics. The medium extruded forward and backward between two vertically opposed hydraulic cylinders across transit created by the workpiece and tooling. Abrasion of workpiece takes place wherever the medium proceeds across the highly confining transit. The major elements of the MAAFM process are the machine, tooling, and the magnetic abrasives containing media. MAAFM has a wide scope of uses in industries including automotive, aviation, precision dies, medicinal, electronics. This article represents a review of current advancements in the area of the MAAFM process and the type of magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs) used.


This article explores the hydromagnetic steady flow of Jeffrey fluid in the presence of thermal radiation. The chosen nanofluid model takes into account the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. Flow and heat transfer characteristics are determined by a stretching surface with flux conditions. The nonlinear boundary layer flow through partial differential systems is converted into the ordinary differential systems. The resulting reduced systems are computed for the convergent solutions of velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration. Graphs of dimensionless temperature and nanoparticle concentration profiles are presented for different values of emerging parameters. Skin-friction coefficient are computed and analyzed in both hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic flow situations.


We investigate decoupling, one of the most important primitives in quantum Shannon theory, by replacing the uniformly distributed random unitaries commonly used to achieve the protocol, with repeated applications of random unitaries diagonal in the Pauli-$Z$ and -$X$ bases. This strategy was recently shown to achieve an approximate unitary $2$-design after a number of repetitions of the process, which implies that the strategy gradually achieves decoupling. Here, we prove that even fewer repetitions of the process achieve decoupling at the same rate as that with the uniform ones, showing that rather imprecise approximations of unitary $2$-designs are sufficient for decoupling. We also briefly discuss efficient implementations of them and implications of our decoupling theorem to coherent state merging and relative thermalisation.


The present work had as main objective to identify the forms of performance of the organizational consultants in the direction of the modernization of the business management in the socio-productive experience of the Polo of Confeccoes do Agreste of Pernambuco. To reach this objective a qualitative investigation was carried out using semi-structured interviews with 6 consultants, who work in the clothing segment, and also made use of a theoretical framework, referring to the consulting theme and the history of the Polo de Confeccoes in its constitutive dynamics and recent transformations. The results of this research indicate that in the intervention stages adopted by the consultants, there are variations from one approach to the other, and there is no standardization; it is also perceived that a sequence of logical phases is adopted, which will initially guide the performance of these agents with the client systems, and may subsequently be adjusted to the reality of the companies. Regarding the informality of the management and processes in the client systems, the consultants were faced with family companies immersed in traditional forms of organization, intuitive management, lack of planning, parallel to practices referring to the formal standard, resulting in the hybridization between the traditional and the modern. The consultants' actions regarding the informality of the management and processes in the client systems occur through the adaptation of their methodologies, propagation of advantages in favor of formalization. In view of the above, it is concluded that organizational consultants propose the modernization of business management, based essentially on adaptation, using this as a strategy for insertion and dissemination of formalization, with a view to achieving adherence to the modern standard.


Regardless of the situation, the loss of assets (luggage) can happen to anyone. This situation most frequently happens to bags that contain valuable items, they can be stolen or lost. It is important to keep track of the bags. Some situations might occur where particular valuable items get lost from the asset inventory. The proposed research work intends to create a prototype of a weight system embedded with a tracking system by using an Arduino UNO Rev3 to detect the location and weight of the asset. When a user requests the location of an asset using a mobile device that includes GSM in the model, the location and coordinates are sent directly to the mobile device and can be viewed in Google Maps. Also, the weight of the luggage, like the location, is accessible to the user. When a specific weight is set in the luggage (asset), the user will receive an alert message when the weight is reduced or increased.


IT is hardly necessary to define the term "hay fever" since the disease is so common that everyone is quite familiar with the symptomii-complex with which this term is associated. Nevertheless, there are so many other conditions in which this group of symptoms is predominant that it may be wise to restrict the term to those cases in which the aetiological factor is the pollen of one or miore plants. Barker' defines the disease as "a more or less severe inflammation of the


#Microposts2016, the 6th Workshop on Making Sense of Microposts, was held in Montréal, Canada, on 11th Apr 2016, during WWW'16, the 25th International Conference on the World Wide Web. The #Microposts journey started at the 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2011), as #MSM, with the change in acronym from 2014. The workshop moved to WWW in 2012, where it has stayed for five years. #Microposts2016 continues to highlight the importance of the medium, as we see end users appropriating these small chunks of information published online with minimal effort, as part of daily communication, to interact with increasingly wider networks and from new publishing arenas.


This essay implicitly views the crisis of the dollar as an integral part of the secular decline of U.S. empire. It argues that as a response to the 1978 international money crisis, the United States entered a new phase in which the state began to actively in tervene to defend the dollar as hub currency. This paper explores the contradictions of dollar depreciation and appreciation both domestically and internationally. It shows how the stance of defending the dollar in times of crisis periodically places the inter national banking community in a position to design emergency measures to mediate the crisis. In terms of fiscal policy the emergency measures can quickly dismantle state activities that are viewed as hindrances to capital in general. In this way, small gains made by workers, environmental groups, and the poor can be disposed of swiftly. In terms of monetary policy, the emergen cy measures can [bring off] a degree of monetary stringency that would normally be politically impossible to administer. Never theless the state has increasing difficulties carrying out the measures as people hit by the program begin to organize and resist. If the state succumbs to these pressures, another run on the dollar could develop. If the run is allowed to build momentum to the point where an international financial crisis is threatened, the international banking community can reassert its position with another emergency plan to defend the dollar. Since the U.S. is only beginning this phase of the dollar's decline, the paper looks for insights from two longer periods when the British state at tempted to defend the pound sterling against its decline. Long- run implications of sterling defense are examined, and lessons for struggle are drawn from the two periods.


Inventory control system is a key sub-system of information system in business management. It hasclose relations with techonlogy, organization and management mode of production, and is a major mark to measure business management. This paper also discussed the mode and procedure design of inventory control systemfor business.


The global digital revolution transforms technological and economic structures, social relations and the very philosophy of human life. Along with that, it has a dramatic impact on states as key actors in international relations. For many centuries sovereignty has been a fundamental principle of a functioning state and has been mainly defined in physical and geographical terms. However, the transboundary nature of the digital environment has brought new issues to the agenda: how actors, including states, should function in a new digital reality; where the borders between the 'national' and the 'transnational' should lie and by which rules the new environment should be regulated. The key question summarizing all the above-stated is: 'What does "state sovereignty" mean in the digital era?'. To answer this question, the article identifies key characteristics of digital space vis-à-vis sovereignty, studies the evolution of two approaches to the internet – as a new exceptional environment or as the next stage of telecommunications' development – and points out challenges to maintaining digital sovereignty along with ways to mitigate them. Noting that the digital space is a unique environment for intergovernmental interaction which continuously evolves due to technological progress and the socio-economic practices, the authors observe the organic emergence of cyber-borders which brings seemingly obsolete idea of state sovereignty back into play. Modern states face a difficult challenge: how to find effective mechanisms to ensure sovereignty in the digital space without losing the benefits of the digital revolution while guaranteeing the equality and security of all parties involved. The absence of unified methodology and generally accepted conceptual terms in the previous scientific studies and political practice underpins the academic novelty of the research. At the same time, the study is practically oriented, since it is the digital technological sovereignty of the state that serves as a basis of its leadership in the new era and as a necessary condition for establishing and maintaining political independence and national coherence.


This paper proposes an adaptive control using the integrated longitudinal and lateral dynamics models of automated vehicles. Dynamics are described by a nonlinear nonholonomic model. We show that the dynamics of the DC-actuated vehicle is asymptotically stable, with well updated dynamic parameters.


Graphicacy, a new word coined by the authors, is the intellectual skill necessary for the communication of relationships which cannot be successfully communicated by words or mathematical notation alone; it is a skill to be possessed by both those wishing to communicate and those attempting to understand; visual aids, especially maps, photographs, charts and graphs, are the media of communication. There is general agreement among educators that reading and writing (literacy) and the ability to communicate in mathematical notation (numeracy) are essential to education. The authors of this paper, however, question whether or not reading, writing and arithmetic form the total underpinnings of the academic aspect of education and argue that graphicacy should be considered as the same kind of phenomenon. Graphicacy is not seen to substitute for literacy or numeracy but rather to complement and strengthen these skills. It is further argued that, if the full complexity and sophistication of graphicacy is not to ...


The annealing of heavily doped GaAs:Te can significantly change the free electron concentration in a reversible manner. These changes of electrical properties are accompanied by the structural changes of GaAs:Te solid solution. We used X-ray Absorption Fine Structure at K-edge of tellurium to determine local changes around Te atoms for different states of the GaAs:Te crystals caused by the annealing corresponding to different electron concentrations. The best EXAFS fit for the samples with high electron concentration was obtained for the substitutional Te{sub As} model with elongated Te-Ga bonds (as compared to the As-Ga distance). For the samples in the low concentration state the best fit was for the pairs of Te atoms forming a rhombohedral symmetry double-DX centre, with the proportional admixture of the substitutional tellurium.


This paper presents a new framework to describe individual facial expression spaces, particularly addressing the dynamic diversity of facial expressions that appear as an exclamation or emotion, to create a unique space for each person. We name this framework Facial Expression Spatial Charts (FESCs). The FESCs are created using Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) and Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) of unsupervised neural networks. In the experiment, we created an original facial expression dataset consisting of three facial expressions—happiness, anger, and sadness—obtained from 10 subjects during 7–20 weeks at one-week intervals. Results of creating FESCs in each subject show that the method can adequately display the dynamic diversity of facial expressions between subjects, in addition to temporal changes in each subject. Moreover, we used stress measurement sheets to obtain temporal changes of stress in each subject for analyzing psychological effects of the stress that subjects feel. We analyzed relations between numerous individual facial expression patterns and psychological stress values. Results show that facial expressions when influenced by stress differ among subjects. Moreover, we estimated stress levels of four grades using Support Vector Machines (SVMs). The estimation accuracy for all 10 subjects and for 5 subjects over more than 10 weeks were, respectively, 68.6 and 77.4%.


Storage of seeds really determines the storability and quality of seeds, because Long-term storage, the seeds will deterioration. Deterioration of seed quality (deterioration) is inevitable but can be slowed by good and proper storage. To maintain seed quality, proper storage methods need to be carried out. The deterioration of the seeds can be improved by seed PEG immersion and hydration-dehydration. The objective of this research is to obtain an appropriate invigoration method to improve physiological seed quality Method: In this research, we used factorial two factors, we examine the effects of PEG immersion and hydration-dehydration treatment on three rice varieties; Batang Piaman, PB42, and IPB3S. Results: The results showed that PEG immersion and hydration-dehydration of three cultivars interacted with the index value. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the invigoration method significantly improves the viability and vigor of Batang Piaman from 50% to 70% and 46.67% to 70% (PEG immersion), respectively.


Abstract Data from archaeology and paleoanthropology directly challenge the validity of the basic assumptions of the CLASH model. By not incorporating a "deep time" perspective, the hypothesis lacks the evolutionary baseline the authors seek to infer in validating the model.


This paper explores sustainable energy systems in ecovillages based on the concept of the Zero Energy Building. The cases discussed in this paper include BedZED in the United Kingdom and Masdar City in the Middle East. These two communities contain features characterized by the sustainable principles of the ecovillage concept by using renewable energy and reclaimed materials to reach a low/zero energy system in buildings. The creation of more ecovillages and the growth of current ecovillages play an important role in positively solving environmental and social problems. The low energy buildings in the ecovillages also act as a model for communities wishing to implement sustainable development.


In the ubiquitous computing environment, devices are often connected to one another on the fly to form an infrastructure-less networks called Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Since MANET serves as an abstract model and concept that can be seen as a superset of diverse sub-areas such as sensor networks, mesh networks or an enabler for pervasive computing, it has attracted significant research interests in the past several years. A major advantage of MANETs over regular wired or wireless networks is in their infrastructure-less nature as they can potentially be deployed more rapidly and less expensively than infrastructure-based networks. However, the lack of an underlying explicit infrastructure also becomes a major disadvantage in adapting MANETs to a wider array of applications, since existing network algorithms and protocols are not "plug-in" solutions for such dynamic networks. New algorithms need to be, and are being designed for such fundamental network tasks as addressing, topology discovery and routing. Location discovery is emerging as one of the more important tasks as it has been observed and shown that (semi-) accurate location information can greatly improve the performance of other MANET tasks ∗Chapter of Advances in Ubiquitous Computing: Future Paradigms and Directions


Dietary supplement (DS) manufacturers have incorporated sympathomimetic ingredients, including 1,3 dimethylamylamine (DMAA), into body building and weight‐loss DS products. Bodybuilding DS are consumed by approximately 21% of military personnel and 18% report using weight‐loss DS. Recently, concerns regarding the safety of DMAA products have been raised. Therefore, we examined the prevalence of DMAA DS use in this population. Surveys (N=1642) regarding DS use over the past 6 months were collected from a convenience sample of Air Force (n =1159) and Army (n=483) personnel. Air Force personnel were surveyed in multiple locations throughout the US and abroad; Army personnel were surveyed in Kuwait and Afghanistan. Twenty‐two percent of survey respondents [Air Force = 23%; Army = 18%] used a DS containing DMAA. Frequency of DMAA DS use was: > 1×/month 6% [Airforce = 7% ; Army = 5%]; > 1×/week 10% [Air Force = 11% ; Army = 9%]; daily 5% [Air Force = 5% ; Army = 4%]. Given the popularity of DMAA DS in military and perhaps civilian populations, research examining the pathophysiologic effects of DMAA and possible adverse health effects related to its consumption is essential.


This paper introduces two mature sorting methods: bubble sort and selection sort,and points out that these sorting methods could be used to realize the two-direction sort.By the examples of selection sort,this paper gives the thought,the description of the new algorithm and the procedure of its realization.This paper draws a conclusion by analyzing the comparison number of times and the motion number of times of the algorithm: the method of the new algorithms is as simple as that of the tradition sorting algorithms,while the sorting efficiency is even more highly.When you are designing a program or teaching,you can refer to them.


INTRODUCTION: THE ANTHROPOCENE AND THE AMERINDIANS This article originates from a paper presented at the Boas Seminar at Columbia University, New York, in May of 2016. The circumstances in which the argument was presented are so intrinsically bound up with how I address the recent debates concerning the intellectual trend in anthropology that is known as 'the ontological turn', that I have decided to preserve, in this published version, those signposts that situate the author and her audience. It was the challenge of presenting a line of thought with which, in my view, my very specialized audience of eminent anthropologists was relatively unfamiliar, that demanded this exercise in conceptual archaeology. Had I approached the debate from the standpoint of Amerindian ethnology, many of the presuppositions made explicit in this article would have remained implicit. When teaching about the topic in Brazil, I came to realise that contextualising the history of a concept in this way can be useful for students as well, especially for those unfamiliar with Amerindian ethnology. A conversation with Marilyn Ivy1 on the role of Amerindian ethnology in contemporary anthropological debates prompted an invitation to tackle this topic from my perspective, which is that of a European doing anthropology in Brazil with Amerindian peoples. Once I began to think seriously about it, I realised that this was not at all an obvious task. I had to tackle a complex question, riddled with diplomatic risks. First, everything about the phenomenon is open


Thank you for reading global indigenous media cultures poetics and politics. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this global indigenous media cultures poetics and politics, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their computer.


With the prevalence of food allergies rising in many countries including the UK and statistics showing a situation where one in five meals claiming to be 'peanut free' actually contain peanut, new regulations need to be put in place to protect consumers. Hazel Gowland of Allergy Action explores the new food regulations on the horizon and explains the challenges these new rules will face.In February 2013, Cumbria Trading Standards officers prosecuted a supplier of catering ingredients which had sold peanut labelled as almond to takeaway businesses. The offence was to have 'falsely described' two chicken masala meals as peanut free, when they contained peanut.1 Ground almond (which is the traditional ingredient used in this kind of dish) is typically two to three times more expensive than ground peanut or peanut flour. In addition, whilst many people allergic to tree nuts such as almond are also allergic to peanuts, the two are not the same. Peanuts are a legume - botanically and in food law,2 they must not be confused with nuts such as almonds.3 Unfortunately, some food handlers may also be misled by the fact that 'groundnut' is a synonym of peanut.ReactionsThe Anaphylaxis Campaign, the UK charity supporting those at risk from severe allergies,4 collects data on which foods its members are avoiding. Peanut is by far the most commonly avoided food. There is also evidence that it causes more severe reactions in some people. Unexpected peanut in curries and other takeaway meals has caused a number of fatal and near-miss reactions in the past.5 Coroners' investigations have led to analysis of retained meals and ingredients taken from catering suppliers and takeaways.6 In the sampling survey undertaken by Cumbrian Trading Standards and other local authorities, one meal in five sold as 'peanut free' actually contained peanut.7 This reflects results from previous sampling projects in Lancashire in 2004, Northern Ireland and elsewhere.Food allergen avoidanceThe prevalence of food allergy is reported to be rising in many countries including the UK, with approximately 3-4% of adults and 6-8% of children affected.8 In addition, according to Coeliac UK, at least one person in 100 has coeliac disease and needs to avoid gluten. Since 2002 in England, there has been a steady increase in the number of people requiring hospital treatment for anaphylactic shock due to an adverse food reaction,9 and about eight to ten people die from food allergies every year in the UK.5Most cases involve the consumption of food containing the allergen ingredient, usually unrecognised by the food supplier and/or the consumer. Common examples include milk powder in sauces, sorbets and mixes, nuts in bakery items and oils, and peanut butter/ground peanut in takeaway meals. The provision of accurate information about allergen ingredients is an essential food safety control for growing numbers of high risk consumers.RegulationExisting food law has been used to prosecute food businesses following an allergic reaction, or in cases where labelling, description or food safety practices failed to comply with the law and may have put food allergic, intolerant or coeliac consumers at risk. "Selling food not of the substance demanded by the purchaser" has been used in some cases,10 as has "Falsely describing or presenting food".11 Other legislation used includes General Food Law 178/2002 EC12 and Health and Safety Law.13 Some consumers have even taken civil action against the food business operator, being awarded compensation and costs, and in some cases settling out of court. Sample UK cases were presented by Hazel Gowland and Michael Walker, an analytical chemist, at the 2011 Food Allergy Meeting of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology.14New food law on the horizonFrom December 2014, all food business operators in the EU will have to provide ingredients about key food allergens to customers on request. …


The concept of dynamic recon gurability combines advantages of hardware and software. The goal is to make use of the structural advantages of hardware without losing the exibility of software. In this paper we present a recon gurable processor board which is based on the concept of dynamic recon gurability. We emphasize on the dynamic recon gurability of the system and the multi-chip module (MCM) that is used as processing element. To optimize the dynamic recon gurability of the system, the architecture of the processor board contains dedicated hardware structures. Thus, recon guration overhead, that limits performance enourmously, has been reduced to a minimum. As processing element the so called FPGA-MCM is used. This MCM combines a eld programmable gate array (FPGA) with plenty of memory capacity, which makes it suitable for use in recon gurable systems.


Bacterial wilt caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis (Xtg) may lead to severe damage and substantial yield losses in Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. To identify candidate genes for marker-assisted breeding and to investigate the molecular basis of the host-pathogen interaction, this study focused on searching the ryegrass genome for resistance genes and key signal transduction elements in the defence response. cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to analyse differentially expressed genes at six time-points after infection in a partially resistant genotype of L. multiflorum infected with Xtg. A total of 87 selective primer combinations resulted in 173 differentially expressed transcript-derived fragments (TDF) out of which 37 TDFs were isolated. Database searches revealed sequence homologies of various TDFs to sequences such as ERBP-transcription factors, an TGF-β receptor interacting protein, a terpene synthase and various other genes expressed in response to bacterial and fungal infection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed the expression patterns found by cDNA-AFLP. The TDFs identified represent candidate genes for the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in resistance to bacterial wilt. These TDFs may also allow for the identification and analysis of avirulence genes expressed by Xtg. The results of this study provide a valuable basis not only for a better understanding of the genetic control of resistance to bacterial wilt in Italian ryegrass, but primarily for the development of molecular tools to improve resistance breeding.


Air pollution is a major environmental problem and causes serious damage to human health. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic scenario, the importance of monitoring and controlling pollution emissions becomes more relevant and fundamental for combating the disease. Seeking to contribute with technological tools, this work presents a proposal for a system based on IoT using low sensors to monitor the most novice pollutants to health, according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The proposal presents the development in the hardware layer of a device able to measure the concentrations of the following pollutants: Particulate Material (PM2.5 and PM10), Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ammonia by means of three sensors, respectively, PMSA003, MICS-6814 and MQ-131. The device is be equipped with the ESP-WROOM-32 microcontroller that has a Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless interface that will allow data to be sent to a server in the cloud. It is important to note that what differentiates from the proposal from others is the implementation of periodic notifications and the sending of alerts for cases in which a given pollutant has reached the maximum acceptable concentration.


The invention relates to a method for stabilizing a fibroin solution, and belongs to the field of natural polymers. At the present, the method for effectively stabilizing the fibroin solution is not provided. The method provided by the invention is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) dissolving fibroins, thereby obtaining a fibroin dissolving solution; (2) dialyzing the fibroin dissolving solution, thereby obtaining a dialyzate; and (3) adding 0.3% to 15% (m/v) of stabilizer into the dialyzate and evenly stirring at the low speed, thereby obtaining a fibroin stabilizing solution. The method is simple in process; and the fibroin solution is good in stability and free of influencing fibroin performance.


Shunt open-stubs are used to design reduced size branch-line and rat-race couplers with suppressed harmonics. The band stop response of shunt stubs has been utilised to suppress the harmonics. Design graphs are presented to ease the design process. Even-odd mode analysis is carried out to investigate in-band and out-of-band performances of the couplers. Two branch-line and one rat-race couplers have been fabricated. Experimental results of the designed couplers agree well with the theoretical predictions. For the branch-line coupler, up to fifth harmonic suppression and 37% size reduction are obtained. Up to seventh harmonic suppression and 69% size reduction are obtained for the rat-race coupler.


Chemical composition and atomizing gas of powders may affect properties of 17-4 PH fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM) process. This study investigates 17-4 PH stainless steel powders with various atomizing gases and compositions within 17-4 PH specification range. Material characterization demonstrated differences in flowability between the powders, but all produced fully dense parts. The as-built phase composition varied widely, with samples from Ar-atomized powders ranging from a mostly martensitic grain structure to containing a significant amount of -ferrite depending on their composition, whereas samples from N2 atomized powder contained largely austenite phase. After solutionizing and H900 hardening all Ar atomized powders produced homogeneous microstructure and improved mechanical properties meeting AMS 17-4 PH specification. The N2 atomized powder produced a martensitic microstructure with retained austenite and only ultimate strength meeting AMS specification.


Those of us who teach English literature are familiar with the wide range of skills and capacities of our students. It remains a challenge, though, for English students to demonstrate the applicability of those skills beyond the academy, for instance, to prospective employers. This essay argues that creative education through experiential learning provides important opportunities for students and enhances their development as independent individuals who make their own decisions. To examine the pedagogical benefits that such learning can have in the humanities, this article draws on two extracurricular projects that we coordinate, NuSense, an undergraduate online journal, and Shakespeare after School, a community drama program for children. The skills the student volunteers draw upon to complete these projects include research, editing, writing, analysis, dramaturgy, and time management. In other words, NuSense and Shakespeare after School utilize the core skills of English studies and help students both hone and demonstrate those skills in a practical and public setting.


In an entry first published in 1895 and not fully updated since then, the Oxford English Dictionary defines the noun fetch as "the apparition, double, or wraith of a living person."1 The term is fi...