A new chemiluminescent reagent isothiocyanato\|isoluminol (ITCI) was used to label Anti\|AFP. The molar incorporation ratios are estimated to be 0.25~0.50 mole of ITCI per mole Anti\|AFP. The results show that there are no apparent changes in the immunoreactivity of the labeled Anti\|AFP and the quantum efficiency of ITCI attached to the Anti\|AFP. In addition, the conditions of labeling reaction,sandwich immunoassay and electrochemiluminescent reaction were studied. Morever, a new sandwich electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA) is firstly established, and used to detect AFP in human serum. The calibration ranges is 5.0~100.0 ng/mL and the minimal detection concentration is 2.0 ng/mL.


This thesis is about the role of special educators in (pre)school and about developing democratic communication. It is based on the theory of argumentation developed by Jurgen Habermas. The aim of ...


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To impart a protective layer onto the reflection material layer not contg. copper of reflection articles by forming the layer of the reflection articles including the layer of the reflection material on the surface of a supporting body, applying coating material powder contg. a polymer thereon and curing this polymer, thereby forming the protective layer on the metallic film. SOLUTION: The metallic film contg. the reflection layer of silver is formed on the surface of the transparent supporting base consisting of plastic material or glass and the coating material powder contg. the polymer is applied thereon. The polymer is then cured, by which the protective layer of the coating material is formed on the metallic film. In such a case, the coating material powder is required to contain the curable polymer. The thermosetting polymer is so selected as to be permanently cured after heating, by which the cutting and compiling of the articles are executed without damage on the coating material. The glass transition temp. of this thermosetting polymer is required to be made sufficiently high in order to make the application of the powder possible and is preferably 60 to 90°C as the cured coating material is required to have the sufficient flexibility so as to withstand force, such as mechanical force. COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO


An apparatus for observing cell culturing is provided to observe the cells under culturing easily without opening an incubator and acquire an image of transparent cells with a CCD camera or a cheap microscope easily. An apparatus for observing cell culturing comprises: a light(310) located as the side of an incubator(200) for cell culturing; a diffused reflection plate(320) which is located at the upper side of the incubator to make light radiated from the light be diffusedly reflected toward the incubator; a CCD camera(330) which is located at the lower side of the incubator to acquire an image of cell existing in the incubator or a camera portion having a microscope; and an image displaying portion which displays the image of the cell using a signal outputted from the camera portion, wherein the light is a luminescence light such as an optical fiber light or an LED light.


A 67-year-old never-smoking man with a well-known congenital diaphragmatic hernia, verified on a 3-year-old chest X-ray (figure 1), consulted his general practitioner due to the detection of intermittent blood stool for 2 months, but emphasised also an increasing dyspnoea during this period corresponding to a medical research council dyspnoea scale 3. He was referred for colonoscopy, but prior to this a CT scan of the thorax and abdomen was performed showing progression of the left-sided diaphragmatic hernia with now almost the entire small intestine localised in the left hemithorax (figure 2). Despite the radiological findings, the patient had no …


Rapeseed oil obtainable from the seeds of a rapeseed plant comprising a polynucleotide incorporated stably into the genome of said seed, which encodes a protein of delta-9 desaturase, wherein said oil comprises less 3.5% total saturated fat and 70% to less than 80% oleic acid, and wherein said total saturated fats are the sum of the fatty acids 16: 0, 18, 0, 20: 0, 22 : 0 and 24: 0.


5-Hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) h a s been shown t o Produce hypog lycaen ia i n mice p re t r e a t e d w i t h monoamine o x i d a s e i n h i b i t o r s (MAOI) b u t n o t i n normal m i c e (Lundqu i s t & o t h e r s 1971 , Furman, 1974) . T h i s e f f e c t may b e med ia t ed a t l e a s t p a r t l y th rough some c e n t r a l ne rvous sys t em a c t i o n o f 5HT (Darwish & Furman, 1 9 7 4 ) . I n t h e p r e s e n t work w e have examined t h e e f f e c t upon plasma g l u c o s e o f 5HTP i n normal mice and t h e i n t e r a c t i o n between SHTP and some d r u g s r e p o r t e d t o i n h i b i t t h e n e u r o n a l u p t a k e o f 5HT. Othe r e f fec ts of 5lITP b e l i e v e d t o be med ia t ed th rough c e n t r a l 5HT mechanisms have been shown t o be augmented by d r u g s o f t h i s t y p e ( S i n c l a i r , 1972) . A d d i t i o n a l l y w e have examined t h e e f f e c t s of i n h i b i t o r s of 5HT u p t a k e on p l a s n a g l u c o s e i n mice p r e t r e a t e d w i t h M A 0 1 s i n c e 5HT u p t a k e i n h i b i t o r s nay m i m i c t h e e f f e c t s of SHTP unde r t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s ( S i n c l a i r , 1972) .


In Togo, the production of electrical energy is mainly hydroelectric and thermal, but the needs remain far greater than the resources; in particular in the city of Lome, the inhabitants of the city try to fill this energy deficit, among others, by solar systems. Once installed, and in the presence of the sun, solar panels operate continuously until the end of their service, regardless of whether the use is effective or not; which therefore causes losses in the event of overproduction and non-storage. To overcome this problem, we have studied in this article a PV installation (a solar power plant) which is connected to the electrical network, which represents a significant saving in investment and in operation. Thus, in our study, we designed and optimized our PV-Grid model which shows a photovoltaic system connected to the electricity grid through DC / DC boosting power converters and a DC / AC inverter. In this model, we have fixed the meteorological conditions relating to Togo, such as incident solar illumination and temperature, thus making it possible to fix the reference variables Ipvref (photovoltaic current produced) on the DC / DC side and Irmref (final current injected into the network) on the DC / AC side. Thanks to the results obtained, we can recommend this model of photovoltaic system connected to the grid under Togo's conditions and at the same time develop an energy policy and an integration of renewable electricity in Togo strong enough to trigger long-term sustainable development.


Chemical modifications of polypropylene were studied via the decomposition of β,γ-unsaturated peroxides. Six peroxy derivatives were used to test the influence of the more important structural parameters (type of peroxide, nature of the unsaturation, and substituents in the allylic position) of such compounds on the efficiency of the grafting of a function and on the degradation of the polymer. Grafting of ester and epoxide functions on the chains of the polyolefin occurred with a slight degradation of these last ones with the use of acrylic peroxides. The decomposition of a styrenic peroxide allowed the grafting of phenyl entities on the backbone and induced structural modifications of the chains (branching). However, no epoxidic groups were detected in this case. Allylic peroxide did not permit any functionalization of the polyolefin but provoked some changes in the structure of the polymer. Mechanisms for the grafting and the degradation of the polypropylene were proposed.


The article characterizes the state of Voronezh province peasantry on the eve of the first Russian revolution (1905-1907). The author considers the reasons, forms and course of peasant actions in Voronezh province villages in 1905.


English for Specific Purposes appeared due to the awareness that general English course was not suitable for the learners' need, especially in higher education. In teaching  ESP, the materials are focused on the learners' needs or their specific fields of study and it is assumed that they have basic language skills of general English. The purpose of this study was to analyze the challenges that arise in teaching English for Specific Purpose (ESP) in higher education. This article is aimed at describing some of the learning problems esp. A lot of the problems  from the teachers, materials production, the error of learner assessment. In order to minimize these effects, some solutions are offered. The solutions are increase the ability of lecturers ,materials development, and the course evalution.


Objective: We report our experience of 351 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and gender selection for family balancing. Design: A cohort study. Setting: Istishari Fertility Center, Amman, Jordan. Patient(s): Fertile couples undergoing 351 ICSI/PGD cycles for family balancing. Intervention(s): Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, oocyte collection, and ICSI followed by embryo biopsy and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with X/Y probes on day-3 embryos. Main Outcomes and Measure(s): FISH results, pregnancy rate (PR) and clinical PR per cycle started and per embryo transfer (ET), and implantation rate. Results: Of the 351 cycles started, 343 (97.7%) proceeded to egg collection and 317 (90.3%) to PGD. Per cycle reaching PGD, the average number of day-3 embryos suitable for biopsy was 5.3, and the chance of finding embryos of the selected gender (whether male or female) was 77.8%. The average number of embryos transferred was 1.8. The PR per cycle started and PR per ET were 39.9% and 50.2%, and the corresponding clinical PR was 37.6% and 47.3%. The implantation rate was 26%. Conclusions: Couples requesting PGD for family balancing should be counseled that one in ten cycles will not reach the stage of PGD and eight out of ten will have embryos of the selected gender. The PR is 40% per started cycle.


This article, based on unknown archival documents, looks at the history of concentration camp near Harbin (Manchuria) for the Soviet citizens who were arrested during the Soviet-Chinese conflict on the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) in 1929. The main focus is on the content and number of prisoners and conditions of their detention. Also the article tells about the role of the concentration camp in diplomatic confrontation between the governments of the USSR and China. It concludes that the existence of this concentration camp was used by the USSR for pressure on the Chinese government of Guomindang in its fight for the restoration of its part of sovereignty over the Chinese Eastern Railway. However, the real conditions of Soviet prisoners were not so hard as it was presented by Soviet authorities and Soviet propaganda.


The present study examined the ROSS Test of Higher Cognitive Processes as an appropriate assessment instrument in programs for the gifted where critical thinking skills are taught. Evidence suggests that the measure is a useful evaluation instrument in programs where critical thinking is addressed. There is some evidence to support the idea that more concentrated methods of teaching critical thinking skills are as effective as more extensive teaching approaches. Further analysis indicates that while earlier studies have found little relationship between group intelligence tests and cognitive abilities, there does appear to be a significant relationship between individual intelligence tests and critical thinking abilities. These indications may be influenced by a specific factor which relates to higher level thinking abilities. Further analysis indicates another specific intelligence factor which best predicts the gain score in critical thinking. These indications may have implications for future studies in identification of critical thinkers, thus broadening the concept of giftedness.


: Providing a new framework for chaotic image encryption is becoming increasingly important and more significant in various applications, such as the transmission of medical and military photographs. Substitution boxes based on chaos have received a lot of attention lately. Recently, a method of picture encryption based on numerous chaotic Substitution boxes was proposed. Many chaos map-based encryption methods have been proposed, taking advantage of their superior properties such as sensibility to the initial state and controlling factors. This encryption technique was founded on the idea of the confusion that the S-implementation boxes alone may generate. The technique involves incorporating replacement box encryption, working with a chaotic map to extract the output data, encrypting that data using a well-known encryption algorithm, and then having the other party decrypt it. And then to ensure the accuracy of the recovered data, certain statistical analysis is performed on it, including correlation, charts, and entropy.


In the context of many Australian hydrocarbon provinces, brittle failure is considered to be the critical factor controlling trap integrity. Fault reactivation and cap rock integrity are assessed for a fault-bound hydrocarbon trap in the Timor Sea, Australia, using a new approach to assessing brittle failure.


The invention relates to an automobile electric power steering active aligning system, which comprises an aligning judgment module, an aligning torque calculation module and an aligning overshoot estimation module. A steering wheel torque signal measured by a steering wheel torque sensor, an automobile speed signal measured by an automobile speed sensor and a steering wheel corner signal measured by a steering wheel corner sensor are input into an active aligning system of a steering system; whether the steering wheel is in an aligning state or not is judged by a certain algorithm; if the steering wheel is in the aligning state, a proper power torque is calculated through a corresponding algorithm, under the aligning state, whether aligning overshoot occurs in the steering wheel or not is judged; and proper adjustment is provided, so that the aim of stable alignment is fulfilled. A power-assisted steering system can accurately judge the aligning moment and can improve the steering aligning performance on the premise of not influencing the operating hand feeling of the automobile.


Abstract Uranium deposits occur in the upper part of the Fox Hills Sandstone and the lowermost part of the Lance Formation, both of Late Cretaceous age, in the eastern Powder River Basin, northeastern Wyoming. The Fox Hills is a sequence of marginal marine and estuarine deposits that were laid down during an eastward regression of the Late Cretaceous Pierre Sea. A lower unit of the Fox Hills, which does not contain significant quantities of uranium, consists of offshore marine and transitonal marine shale, siltstone, and fine-grained sandstone beds that grade upward into littoral or nearshore marine sandstones deposited in shoreface and foreshore environments. The upper unit of the Fox Hills Sandstone locally is uranium-bearing and is composed largely of thin-bedded claystone, siltstone, and sandstone beds, many of which are rich in organic matter. The upper Fox Hills is considered to be largely estuarine in origin and is separated from the lower Fox Hills by a scour surface in some places. The upper unit grades into the overlying Lance Formation which is composed of fresh-water delta-plain deposits. The lower unit of the Fox Hills thins both regionally and locally. There is a regional northward depositional thinning from about 200 m near Lance Creek in central Niobrara County, Wyo., to 40-50 m in west-central Crook County, Wyo. Regional thickness variations are attributed to slightly greater subsidence rates to the south in Niobrara County. Local erosional thinning of this unit also occurred before deposition of the upper unit as seen in an isopach map of the lower unit of the Fox Hills in west-central Crook and northeastern Campbell Counties, Wyo. The pattern of the isopachs shows an erosional thinning of the lower unit superimposed on the regional northward depositional thinning of the formation. The erosional pattern is interpreted to represent a generally easterly-draining dendritic estuarine system about 20 km wide, 25-30 km long, and as much as 40 m deep. On the basis of cores and logs from exploratory holes, uranium mineralization is known to be present east of, and associated with, the easterly-draining dendritic estuarine system. It is believed that plant matter was carried into estuaries and associated environments by high-energy fluvial systems. Upon reaching the low-energy estuarine environments, the organic matter dropped out of suspension. The organic matter was the focal point for much of the later uranium mineralization although cores taken recently in this area show that some of the uranium is not directly related to organic matter.


An unsupervised neural network approach is proposed for tool wear identification. Conventional pattern recognition approaches to automating the wear monitoring task are non-adaptive and require expensive or inaccessible information. Rangwala's application of the supervised backpropagation neural network to tool wear identification in a turning operation represented a pioneering effort to integrate sensor signals (cutting force and acoustic emission) and to employ a neural network in the classification of those signals. However, backpropagation also requires expensive training information and cannot remain adaptive after training. The unsupervised adaptive resonance network exhibited the ability to classify sensor signals into fresh and worn classes, to remain adaptive, and to utilize considerably less training information.


Regulation 2201/2003 (Brussels II bis) contains unique, special rules on exequatur of two types of foreign judgments: on the right to visitation and on the return of the child abducted from the state of her/his habitual residence. The paper discusses these rules, with reference to the broader context that includes rules on international jurisdiction of courts of EU Member States in matters of parental responsibility, and rules of exequatur of foreign judgments on parental responsibility in general. The importance of the unique rules is reflected in the fact, that the enforcement of judgments of the courts of EU Member States in these matters is automatic, which means without the need of any special procedure, on the basis of certificates issued by the court of a Member State that has given the judgment, and without review by the Member State of enforcement, thus contributing to the effective exercise of parental responsibility in the child's best interests.


Social science like motorcars, hemlines and slang is subject to the vicissitudes of fashion. The 'in' thing, at one time, was to relate everything to Riesman's s curve and the other-directed personality; other periods were intrigued by Rostow's stages of economic growth, Hartzian fragment theory, Lijphart's consociationalism, or Bell's end of ideology. At the present time one of the mind-catching concerns stresses the so-called ungovernability of democracies and the related demand overload. Most of these new perspectives have contributed to our understanding of social reality but none has provided completely satisfying insights the recent agonizing over stresses in democratic polities being no exception. The 'demand overload' thesis must therefore be examined and evaluated although, as I shall argue, it is not a completely persuasive perspective on our current discontents. The anxieties, jeremiads, philippics, and wails take innumerable forms and seem, at times, themselves to overload the mind with burdens of unrelieved gloom. A thesaurus of the Cassandra-like chorus would have to include at least the following ideas: post-industrial society in the liberal democracies of the '7os is marked by a lack of purpose, an absence of community spirit, and a declining legitimacy of private and public authority. Technology has become a selfgenerating, uncontrollable force which has triggered a mindless, massive consumption of resources which if it continues unchecked, will drag mankind towards certain disaster. Citizens, partly because of the expansion of educational opportunities and growing affluence, incessantly generate ever more numerous and vehemently articulated demands, the satisfaction of which is either impossible because of the unavailability of resources or because it requires a level of social control that people are no longer willing to accept.


Cardiovascular chemoreceptors are crucial for the development of forced diving responses in dabbling ducks such as the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Denervation of the peripheral chemoreceptors or allowing the duck to breath 100 % oxygen before a forced dive eliminates or considerably delays the onset of noticeable bradycardia (Jones & Purves, 1970; Mangalam & Jones, 1984). These procedures have no effect on the level of bradycardia established after 10 s or so underwater in diving ducks or cormorants in forced dives (Butler & Woakes, 1982; Mangalam & Jones, 1984; Furilla & Jones, 1986). The afferent neural pathway for the dive response is unclear in cormorants, but in diving ducks it is the stimulation of nasal receptors with water that causes dive bradycardia (Furilla & Jones, 1986). When forced dives are prolonged, then peripheral chemoreceptors appear to affect heart rate in diving ducks. Heart rate is elevated in ducks (Aythya fuligula) in which the carotid body has been denervated, compared with intact ducks, after 50 s or so of forced submergence (Butler & Woakes, 1982). The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether chemoreflexes also influence heart rate in cormorants in forced dives of up to 120s duration. Experiments were performed on seven young (about 5-month-old) doublecrested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) caught on Mandarte Island, British Columbia some 2-3 months before the start of the experiments. The masses of the animals ranged from 2-2 to 2-6 kg and they were kept in a simulated 'natural' environment at the UBC Animal Care facility. Animals were unconfined and were allowed to dive on a freshwater pond. They were fed daily with fish supplemented with vitamin B). All dives were performed on restrained cormorants. Each bird was strapped to a table, ventral side down, by means of tapes. Care was taken to keep the tapes loose enough so that breathing was not impaired. The feet were tied back and the head held in a brace by rubber tubing. The open end of a plastic bag was stretched around the top of a funnel and the brace, holding the head, was inserted into the funnel through a hole in the base of the bag. The funnel could be filled, through


Road traffic accident is one of the amongst the biggest killers across the world said by World Health Organization (WHO).The major objectives of the study were to find out the level of awareness of Indian traffic rules among B.Ed Students and to find out the significant difference in the awareness of Indian traffic rules among B.Ed students with regard to selected demographic variables.  A sample size of 282 B.Ed students were selected through simple random sampling technique in Tirunelveli district. Survey method was adopted for the study. Findings revealed that 78.0% of the B.Ed students have moderate level of awareness of Indian traffic rules. Result also indicated that there is significant difference was found between aided and self finance college B.Ed students in their awareness on Indian traffic rules. And 69.1% of the B.Ed students who have own vehicles possess moderate level of awareness on Indian Traffic Rules.


Following article deals with the changes in the birth rate in the Republic of Uzbekistan and its regions from the years of independence to the present, as well as it examines the factors influencing it.


A phosphor layer forming apparatus (1) in which a paste (21) containing a phosphor is discharged so as to cover each of a plurality of light-emitting elements (11) mounted on a substrate (10) includes the following: a discharge portion (12) for discharging the paste (21) in the form of droplets onto each of the light-emitting elements (11); a measurement portion (13) for measuring the thickness of individual phosphor layers that are formed of the paste (21) covering each of the light-emitting elements (11); and a discharge control portion (14) for controlling the amount of the paste (21) to be redischarged for each phosphor layer in accordance with the thickness of the individual phosphor layers measured by the measurement portion (13). This phosphor layer forming apparatus can reduce the manufacturing time.


Acne fulminans (AF), a variant of acne vulgaris, is a rare disease that occurs after treatment of AF with oral isotretinoin. Less than 200 cases of AF have been reported in literature, mostly in young men and all with varying clinical presentations. A thorough search of literature was performed for AF using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and UK PubMed Central electronic databases. Pathogenesis is not clearly established. However, it is most likely due to hypersensitivity reactions to sebum or bacterial antigens. It presents as sudden eruption of friable, hemorrhagic crusting overlying the ulcers, plaques, and tender nodules, usually on the trunk, with or without systemic symptoms such as malaise, fever, and arthralgia a few days after initiation of oral isotretinoin therapy. Laboratory abnormalities including raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, altered hematological profile, and radiological evidence of osteolytic bone lesions may be found. Treatment involves the use of oral steroids with subsequent addition of oral isotretinoin. Many other immunosuppressive therapies have been tried.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to give, using the Kripke semantics for intuitionism, a representation of finitely generated free Heyting algebras. By means of the representation we determine in a constructive way some set of "special elements" of such algebras. Furthermore, we show that many algebraic properties which are satisfied by the free algebra on one generator are not satisfied by free algebras on more than one generator.


Encountering failure while cultivating computational literacy is inevitable, as debugging is a normal and necessary part of any programmer's workflow. Unfortunately, internalization of this failure is one discouraging factor in many students' choice not to pursue computer science. In this proposal, I outline my dissertation research on constructive mindsets for overcoming failure in introductory programming contexts. This work is motivated by an overarching interest in broadening participation in computing -- and, in particular, attracting and retaining more female computer science students. My doctoral research examines the differences in how technical students and non-technical students approach learning to code, with the goal of generating best practices for other educators.


The paper is about an investigation through questionnaires into medical insurance managers and hospital administrators awareness of hospital cost managemnet and the influence of medical insurance on the operation of hospitals. An analysis of the results indicates that both medical insurance managers and hospital administrators hold that the medical insurance system exerts a certain degree of pressure on the operation and management of hospitals, to which hospital cost management is of great importance. On the latter point, however, hospital administrators show a lower rate of recognition than medical insurance managers. Hence the need to enhance their hospital cost management awareness. There is also a difference among hospital administrators in their understanding of hospital cost management due to their different educational backgrounds and ranks. More efforts should therefore be devoted to propaganda and education.


Prediction of the performance of a carbon canister in vehicle evaporative emission control system has become an important aspect of overall fuel system development and design. A vehicle's evaporative emission control system is continuously working, even when the vehicle is not running, due to generation of vapors from the fuel tank during ambient temperature variations. Evaporative emissions from gasoline powered vehicles continue to be a major concern. The objective of this paper is to clarify the flow characteristics and other such fundamental data for the canister during loading and purging are needed, and this data will prove valuable in the development of the canister. This paper is to evaluate the relationship between carbon canister condition and engine performance during engine operation, and the effects of evaporative emissions on the engine performance were investigated.


The P-model approach of modeling a combinational digital network using Petri nets is introduced. In this model a given logic circuit its represented by a graph With only two types of nodes, places and transitions. A logic 1 value in any line of the circuit corresponds to the presence of a so-called token, and a logic 0 corresponds to the absence of tokens, in the corresponding place of the P-model. The operation of the circuit is reflected in the execution of the P-model resulting from the firing of transitions. Several minimizing transformations in the P-model domain are discussed, which reduces the number of places and transitions by an order of magnitude. Based on this P-model representation of a logic circuit, a logic simulation algorithm is outlined. The method is faster and also simpler to implement than conventional simulation techniques.


Through analyzing the status of rural roads maintaining management and the existing problems,exploring the experience of the maintenance mode,this thesis studied to build the structure of rural roads maintaining management system and operating mechanism according to the situation and the requirements of the rural roads development in Shandong Province.


High-speed dry machining(HSDM) technology must be developmental trend of mechanical manufacturing field. HSDM tests of hardened AISIH13 were performed with YW2,SEM and EDS were used for inspection of morphology and analysis of element,respectively,and tool wear mechanism was investigated.The results indicated that temperature gradient is essential reason of tool wear.The rake surface takes on irregular concave,adhesive wear is leading wear pattern,the relief surface presents small inclined plane,fatigue exfoliation is dominating.Meanwhile,oxidation reaction and element diffusion exist in rake and relief surface,too.


In the last years, the electric power systems have been restructured, moving from a vertical integrated model to a market oriented environment. The new paradigms associated with the restructuring of the electricity sector made it critical to develop new efficient and reliable methodologies to study and analyze the security of the power networks. In this paper it is proposed a method to evaluate the impact of external elements on the responsibility area of a Transmission System Operator (TSO) using the influence factor method. This approach offers a concrete support in the determination of the observability area, which at the end remains in the responsibility of the single TSO. The influence factor is a numerical value used to quantify the greatest effect of the outage of an external network component on any internal network branch. The developed methodology was applied to study the IEEE 118 bus test power network. All simulations of the transmission systems of the IEEE 118 bus were performed using the PSS®E software package from Siemens PTI, making the division of the network in two countries (areas). From the simulation results, some conclusions that provide a valuable contribution to understanding the influence factor method are pointed out.


Due to their potent free radical scavenging properties, cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (nanoceria) are widely used as catalysts in industrial applications. However, given the prominent role of free radicals in the pathology of many human diseases, these nanoparticles are now being explored for therapeutic purposes in the treatment of oxidative stress disorders. This review highlights the various sources of free radicals in neurological oxidative stress diseases and the use of antioxidants to mitigate free radical damage. In particular, recent studies exploring the use of CeO2 nanoparticles as therapeutic antioxidants are discussed.


The Chlorophyll is a characteristic parameter of water eutrophication.In this paper,Thematic Mapper(TM) remote-sensing image and survey data were applied to explore the feasibility of the approach to quantitatively measure Chlorophyll-a(Chla) concentration in urban water.By analyzing the correlations between Chla and the measured spectra reflectivity,the most appropriate bands of combinations were selected.With the field water quality data used as calibration,we developed a quantitative regression model by using TM multiple image to estimate the Chla concentration.The conclusions are: it is practicable to apply TM remote-sensing image to quantitatively measure Chla concentration of urban water.The model is applicative for the urban water of Beijing with the width more than 30 m,and the relative error of the model is 17.04%.


In this paper I have build some composite sandwich bars. For these bars I have determined the dynamic response by recording their free vibrations. These bars have the core made of polypropylene honeycomb with upper and lower layers reinforced with steel wire mesh. For these bars I have determined the the eigenfrequency of the first eigenmode in this way: the bar was embedded at one end and free at the other where there was placed an accelerometer at 10 mm distance from the edge and I applied an initial force at the free end. I have determined the eigenfrequency because I will use its values for the loss factor and dynamic Young modulus determination.


A Play Rating Scale (PRS) was developed to observe young children's play behaviors in four different areas of play. This scale consists of four subscales corresponding to four different forms of play including physical, block, manipulative and dramatic. In each area four types of children's play behaviors are observed: their frequency of play in that area, ability and creativity to communicate ideas, social levels of participation in play, and the capability to lead in the different play areas. A total of 2400 three‐, four‐ and five‐year‐old children were observed using the PRS. A heterogeneous group of three‐, four‐ and five‐year‐old children were selected to participate in this research. It was found that the children in these age groups played in the different play areas and responded to all of the play behaviors which are described in the different items of the PRS.


(1917). XLVI.—A note on the Coleopterous genus Euxestus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Vol. 20, No. 119, pp. 368-368.


Objective To compare the quality of life(QOL) between patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) and with conventional coronany artery bypass grafting(CCABG) and to find out the influnce factors of QOL.Methods The QOL of patients with OPCABG or CCABG were invested with the Euro quality of life-5-dimension questionnaire,and the QOL of patients with different operations were compared.Results The ratio of no-limitation in mobility,self-care,usual activities,pain,and anxiety/distress were 82.0%,93.9%,94.7%,80.7% and 78.9%,respectively amont the patients with coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).There was no-difference in QOL between the OPCABG group and CCABG group.The main factors which affected the quality of life were grafts lesions and cardiac arrhythmia.Conclusion Grafts lesion and cardiac arrhythmia in patients after CABG are the main factors affecting QOL.


The structural behavior and deformation mechanisms of the shells of motorcycle helmets in impacts has been studied. The localized bending of the shell was measured by a set of accelerometers, and the values related to force on the striker. Thermoplastic helmet shells are less stiff than composite ones and they rebound more. When a fibre reinforced shell hits a flat surface the shell deformation is small, and 75% of the foam liner deformation occurs by the rigid headform compressing the inside of the liner. A deformable skull would not compress the foam in the same way, so national test standards may have led to inappropriate helmet designs.


A device (1) for generating a clamping force for a winding within a vessel filled with an insulating liquid of an electrical device with a cylinder unit (2) and a longitudinally movable relative to the cylinder unit (2) piston unit (3) via spring means (11 ) is supported on the cylinder unit (2), wherein the cylinder unit (2) and the piston unit (3) delimit a hydraulic chamber (8) not sealed with respect to the insulating liquid, which is easy to manufacture and inexpensive, it is proposed that the spring means (2) 11) are arranged outside the hydraulic chamber (8).


One of the long standing problems in particle physics is the covariant description of higher spin states. The standard formalism is based upon totally symmetric Lorentz invariant tensors of rankK with Dirac spinor components, ψμ1...μK , which satisfy the Dirac equation for each space time index. In addition, one requires pψμ1...μK = 0, and γ ψμ1...μK = 0. The solution obtained this way (so called Rarita-Schwinger framework) describes the "has–been" spin-(K + 12) particles in the rest frame, and particles of uncertain (fuzzy) spin elsewhere. Problems occur when ψμ1...μK constrained this way are placed within an electromagnetic field. In this case, the energy of the has-been spin-(K + 12 ) state becomes imaginary (Velo-Zwanziger problem). Here I consider two possible avenues for avoiding the above problems. First I make the case that specifically for baryon excitations there seems to be no urgency so far for a formalism that describes isolated higherspin states as all the observed nucleon and ∆(1232) excitations (up to ∆(1600)) are exhausted by unconstrained ψμ, ψμ1...μ3, and ψμ1...μ5, which originate from rotational and vibrational excitations of an underlying quark–diquark string. Second, I show that the γψμ1...μK (p) = 0 constraint is a short-hand of: − 1 2K+1 ( 1 m2 W 2 + (K2 − 14) ) ψμ1...μK = ψμ1...μK , the covariant definition of the unique invariant subspace of the squared Pauli-Lubanski vector, W 2, that is a parity singlet and of highest spin-(K + 1 2) at rest. I consider the simplest case of K = 1 and suggest to work in the sixteen dimensional vector space, Ψ, of the direct product of the four-vector, Aμ, with the Dirac spinor, ψ, i.e. Ψ = A ⊗ ψ, rather than keeping space-time and spinor indices separated and show that the "has–been" spin-3/2 piece is uniquely described by means of the second order equation ( − 3 ( 1 m2W 2 + 34 ) − 1 ) Ψ = 0 without invoking any further supplementary conditions. In gauging the latter equation minimally and, in calculating the determinant, one obtains the energy-momentum dispersion relation. The latter turned out to be free from pathologies, thus avoiding the classical Velo-Zwanziger problem. PACS numbers: 11.30Cp, 11.30Hv, 11.30Rd, 11.20Gk ∗Electronic address: email@example.com


Although many ecological studies of wild animal populations rely on capturing individuals at least once, few have investigated either the immediate stress responses of capture, restraint, and handling, or the longer term consequences on reproductive success. In this paper, we assume that the degree of stress increase with the time taken to capture and process an animal prior to release. The influence of time since onset of capture on body temperature and blood chemistry indicators of stress was investigated in 137 adult female Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Vrolik, 1829) and 63 calves of both sexes captured by net in late-winter 2004 and 2005. In addition, we looked for evidence of negative effects of capture stress on reproductive success in marked animals over the period from 1995 to 2006. Body temperature increased with both chase time and the time the animals were restrained. In the latter case, body temperature increased twice as fast in nonpregnant animals (0.13 °C/min) compared ...


The 15 year old, rapidly growing, unregulated and still fragmented integrated employee health and wellness 'niche' industry has in many ways demonstrated the previously 'unrecognised' strategic value of these human capital interventions to employers and employees alike. Year on year, we are seeing many useful innovations within the four recognised pillars of this emerging 'niche' industry - in Employee Assistance Programmes (EAP), Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), Disease Management Programmes, and in Absenteeism, Incapacity and Disability Management Programmes.


The use of audio in human-computer interfaces is gaining much attention nowadays. A neglected issue in this regard is the fact that human beings perceive sounds in a spatial context. Simulated spatial sound presented over headphones has many potential uses in a number of fields, such as virtual reality and visualization. In this paper a simple experimental system for spatial sound simulation is presented, along with the results of several experiments that were conducted with this system. The system, called SAGA (Spatial Audio in Graphical Applications), was built to investigate the usability of spatial sound in three-dimensional graphical applications such as visualization. Two primary uses of spatial sound in such applications are envisioned: (1) the active localization of virtual sound sources in a three-dimensional virtual environment in order to be able to move the point of view or a three-dimensional cursor towards this sound source, and (2) as an aid in the position determination of a cursor in a three-dimensional virtual environment. The results of the experiments conducted with the SAGA system show that the first use is very feasible, but the second will be more difficult to accomplish.


We have reanalyzed our published e(E) data of PbS measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The electroreflectance (ER) technique has been used to independently assess critical points in PbS. A large negative peak at ∼2.6 eV is found in the measured ER spectra which have no observable correlation with the SE data. Excellent agreement with the published experimental data is achieved by considering this critical point in the calculation.


Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome which occurs due to various direct or indirect noxious agents and pyhsical mechanisms. One of the etiological factors is ingested chemicals (e.g. paraquat, ethylene glycol). The organophosphorous (OP) insecticides are the most toxic and frequently encountered chemicals that produce poisoning in humans. Studies were undertaken to investigate whether OP insecticides may produce ARDS. Fifteen autopsy cases due to suicidal OP insecticide poisoning were investigated. Toxicological analyses were performed with a gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC-NPD). Methamidophos, dimefox and dichlorvos were the detected OP. Lungs were examined macroscopically. Two cases showed features compatible with ARDS in which the only cause of death was OP poisoning. Due to the severity of ARDS it is important to assess insecticidal exposure in an attempt to enhance survival patterns following OP poisoning in patients in order to initiate therapy.


It is desirable for designers to use formal representations when interpreting customer need statements. However, to date there is no methodology that systematically evaluates the quality of information generated by a specific customer requirement derivation (CRD) method. This work develops and applies an evaluation framework that compares a traditional method rooted in work from Pahl and Beitz, and Ulrich and Eppinger, with approaches derived from affordance modeling literature. The framework is based on eight metrics derived from extant literature. Results of a pilot study involving sophomore engineering students suggest that no method is dominant but there are differences among methods on most metrics. The framework lays the basis for further research on CRD methods and offers insights for engineering education and engineers in practice.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


We prove that the field generated by the points of order p of an elliptic curve over Q¯ is strictly bigger than the cyclotomic field generated by pth roots of unity,for p 0 a prime number satisfying p = 11 or 17 ≤ p < 1000.


Australia superannuation industry is an essential part of the three pillar retirement income policy with the first two pillars comprising of mandatory contributions and voluntary contributions. The contributors to superannuation schemes have significant control over their retirement assets with most having the choice of selecting a fund and their preferred investment option(s). However, many Australians remain disengaged from their superannuation plans and seem unaware of how their funds are performing. This study examined the best ways to present financial information to help young Australians make optimal decisions regarding their superannuation. Surveys were employed to present financial information on superannuation using four different models, experimenting with the display of fee, risk and return information. The overall results of the study highlight a number of interesting findings. First, where fee information was displayed affected fund selection as well as the reason for choosing the fund. Second, risk labels such as "medium risk" or "high risk" seemed to be more commonly relied upon than risk expressed as years of negative returns (risk probabilities). Third, employers appeared to be highly influential in fund selection. Finally, age seemed not to influence the fund or investment option selection. These findings have implications for regulators, fund managers, employers and superannuation fund members.


MIMO RF systems are seeing widespread use due to their inherent ability to extend the range of wireless channel conditions under which data can be transmitted reliably while satisfying communication throughput requirements. However, as frequencies scale upwards and aggressive CMOS technologies are used to manufacture RF devices, semiconductor process variations will limit the range of operating conditions under which MIMO systems can operate reliably with low power usage. To resolve this, we propose post-manufacture testing and tuning algorithms for MIMO systems assembled from devices across diverse process corners. These algorithms allow such systems to operate across the widest range of channel conditions as possible while minimizing power consumption (performance maximization also maximizes manufacturing yield). To further save power consumption in the field, real-time tuning algorithms are proposed that dynamically trade off available performance slack in MIMO designs, across the relevant signal modulation and MIMO modes to save power consumption. With regard to post-manufacture tuning, it is seen that as much as 20% yield improvement is possible through use of the proposed tuning methodology. With regard to real-time tuning, it is seen that as much as 3X power savings is possible for specific wireless channel conditions. The results of various experiments on MIMO systems are discussed.


The present study investigated the effect ofL-carnitine supplementation during different pre-implantation stages on bovine embryo development rate and quality. Good morphologically cumulus-oocyte complexes (n=2126) recovered from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured, fertilized in vitro and presumed zygotes were further cultured in vitro (IVC) in CR1-aa media till day 8. For the setup of the study, L-carnitine (1.5 mM) was added at different technological steps (IVM, IVF, IVC and all stages) and different developmental stages (early IVC: 1to 4-cell vs. late IVC: 8-cellembryos). Moreover, untreated (control) group was also included in this experiment.Quality of embryos developed from all experimental groupswere evaluated usingterminal deoxynucleotidy ltransferased UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay which assesses total normal and apoptotic cell numbers ofembryos. Real-time PCR was used to profile 5 embryo marker genes (SOD2, CDX2, IFNt, Glut8 and TFAM) in addition; GAPDH was used as housekeeping gene. Results of the current study showed a significant increase in blastocyst rate at day 8 of culture when Lcarnitine was added at IVM (34.1±2.6), early IVC (34.6±1.7), late IVC (38.4±2.8), and all stages (36.4±3.5) compared to control (22.5±1.4) and IVF (26.0±1.1) groups.The blastocyst total number of cells was greater (P < 0.05) in groups that L-carnitine was added at IVM (134.1±4.9), IVF (125.7±2.8), early IVC (133.8±5.7), late IVC (139.2±3.5) and all stages (137.0±4.1) compared to control (115.3±3.6). On the other hand, control embryo group has more apoptotic cells (10.4±1.9) than L-carnitine treated groups at IVM (4.1±1.2), IVF (5.5±1.6), early IVC (3.9±1.4), late IVC (4.0±1.7) and all stages (2.8±2.0). The expression profile of SOD2, IFNt, Glut8 and TFAM genes was increased in embryos treated with L-carnitine at IVM, early IVC, late IVC and all stages compared to IVF and control groups. In addition, CDX2 transcript was more abundant in IVM, late IVC and all stages treated groups than in any other embryo group. Overall, the findings of the present study support the notion that L-carnitinecould be a potential antioxidant substance that has a positive effect on embryo development rate and quality when supplemented to all culture media throughout bovine preimplantation.


The service widely known as on-demand computing is the other name for cloud computing. It supports a backup system which is like Internet based computing. For saving data which is stored on cloud from corruption and adding fault tolerance to cloud repository which with veracity checking of data and fail reparation will get tough. Due to capacity of lower repair data transfer while discussing fault tolerance the regeneration code become famous. Available remote inspection routines used for regeneration-coded data only provide private auditing, while information proprietors must be online for handling auditing and also addition fixing, which will be not reliable always. In this paper, for the regeneration-code-based cloud repository with multiple key distribution centers we develop a public auditing system. We introduced a proxy for taking care of different points such as recovery issue of in the nonappearance of owners, failed authenticators, which will be favored to recover the authenticators, in a normal public auditing technique. Also, we develop a novel and unique public verifiable authenticator which is created using multiple keys as well as, utilizing partial keys can be recovered by using it. As a result, system we developed is able to make data owner free from all the online loads also we used the ECC Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm to save lots of information private.Unlimited safety examination creates the impression that our system could likewise be comfortable beneath random oracle mannequin moreover; test results show that method we developed is more effective and it has a chance that it can get integrated with regenerating code-based cloud storage.


1 contempt 1. The action of contemning or despising; the holding or treating as of little account, or as vile and worthless; the mental attitude in which a thing is so considered. . . . 4. Law. Disobedience or open disrespect to the authority or lawful commands of the sovereign, the privileges of the Houses of Parliament or other legislative body; and, esp. action of any kind that interferes with the proper administration of justice by the various courts of law. . . .


This article addresses the excavation method and support design for the adit tunnel in the Rudraprayag District, Lesser Himalayas of India, using Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Tunneling Quality Index (Q), and New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). Based on ONORM B 2203 correlations with RMR and Q systems, the New Austrian Tunneling Method rock structure classes were developed. Because the geology was constantly changing, NATM concepts were applied. The RMR-based rock mass estimates were overestimated, but the qualitative investigation was correct. The NATM method is more appropriate for a Garhwal Himalayan rock with varying rock mass uncertainty. The present adit research reveals several outstanding questions about rock mass quality, tunnel behavior during construction, and use. The analysis results might be used to build new tunnels in comparable terrain in other parts of the world.


Spermatogenesis is a unique system of differentiation involving cellular remodeling and the biogenesis of sperm‐specific organelles. To study the biogenesis of one such organelle, the acrosome, we have been examining the gene expression, biosynthesis, and targeting of specific acrosomal proteins during mammalian spermatogenesis. An acrosomal marker that we recently purified and began characterizing is acrogranin, a 67,000‐molecular‐weight glycoprotein originally isolated from guinea pig testes. This glycoprotein is detected in pachytene spermatocytes and is found later in the acrosomes of developing spermatids and sperm. Immunoblotting of several tissues and immunofluorescent localization in frozen sections of guinea pig testes suggested that acrogranin was a germ cell‐specific glycoprotein that was expressed meiotically and post‐meiotically. However, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the mRNA for acrogranin was ubiquitously expressed in all guinea pig and mouse tissues examined. Furthermore, the primary structures of guinea pig and mouse acrogranins, deduced from the cDNA sequences, reveal that this glycoprotein is a cysteine‐rich molecule with a motif that is tandemly repeated seven times, very similar to that of the human epithelin/granulin precursor. We conclude that guinea pig and mouse acrogranins are homologues of the precursor of the human and rat epithelin/granulin peptides previously demonstrated to have growth‐modulating properties. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This monograph provides an insight review on semiconductor device lead soldering process where various process and material controls are discussed with the aim of achieving zero defect soldering. Quality problems like solderability and visual mechanical problems are discussed and ways to overcome are suggested. Related topics like the corrosion in the microelectronic devices (chip corrosion and lead tarnishing), various techniques like ion chromatography and surface techniques are presented in terms of their applications in the areas of semiconductor device assembly.


Finite Element Method is an essential approach in analyzing civil engineering problems numerically. In this paper, an effort is made to apply the finite element analysis in exploring the behavior of shear wall with openings under seismic loads. In modern high rise buildings, shear walls are generally used as a vertical structural element for resisting the lateral loads that is induced by the effect of wind and earthquakes. A shear wall may contain many openings due to the functional requirements such as doors and windows, which may largely affect the overall seismic response of the structure. This study is carried out on a seven story frameshear wall building, using linear elastic analysis, with the help of finite element software ETABS, using Response Spectrum method. The comparative results showed that the time period, displacement, base shear and stress distribution around the openings depend on the arrangement of openings. Finally, the staggered arrangement of openings in shear walls is suggested to be applied in practice, since it satisfies both the architectural and the seismic requirements.


An epidemic of Japanese B encephalitis occurred in American soldiers in Korea in the late summer and fall of 1950. The purpose of this paper is to present the clinical and pathological picture as seen in the acute phase of the disease. The clinical and laboratory approach is not as detailed as would be ideally desired; however, the relatively limited resources of an evacuation hospital in a combat area and the heavy daily inflow of battle casualties during the time of the epidemic made more detailed study impractical. HISTORY Summer encephalitides have long been recognized in Japan. Outbreaks occurred as early as 1871. In 1936 the virus of Japanese B encephalitis was isolated, and thus the disease was definitely separated from von Economo's encephalitis lethargica, which the Japanese designated type A encephalitis. Major outbreaks of Japanese B encephalitis occurred in Japan in 1924, 1935, and 1948 1 ; on Okinawa in


for the HONEST (HOlland tion of proteinuria by adding angiotensin receptor blockade to ACE inhibition (21% (8% to 32%). However, the reduction of proteinuria by adding both low sodium diet and angiotensin receptor blockade to ACE inhibition (62% (53% to 70%) was not significantly larger (P=0.009, not significant after Bon-ferroni correction) than that achieved by adding only a low sodium diet to ACE inhibition.


The system is composed of module of wireless communication network for fire fighting, wireless fire fighting gateway, and fire fighting controller. Including detector for fire fighting, relevant link gear, wireless communication module and wireless repeater for fire fighting, the said module of wireless communication network for fire fighting is in use for implementing collection and networked transmission for data of fire information. Connected to the fire fighting controller through cable, the gateway is connected to wireless communication network for fire fighting through a wireless communication module. Collecting data through wireless sensor network, the gateway receives polling and querying from controller. Receiving wireless fire fighting signal corrected by the gateway, the fire fighting controller outputs relevant processed signal based on different types of signal. Features are: adaptability, easy of installation, and low cost.


Introduction: The Importance of Qualitative Research to Social Change - Preliminary Considerations P. Cox, T. Geisen and R. Green PART I: EXPLORING CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES Changing Research, Research for Change: Exploring the Perspectives of Complexity Science P. Cox The Notion of Ambivalence: Human Action and Social Change Beyond Analytical Individualism T. Geisen A Complex Terrain of Words and Deeds: Discourse, Research and Social Change S. Hicks and C. Taylor PART II: WELFARE ISSUES AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Bringing about Social Change: The Role of Community Research R. Green Forum Theatre as a Participatory Tool for Social Research and Development: A Reflection on 'Nobody is perfect': A Project with Homeless People M. Wrentschur Psycho-social Perspectives in Policy and Professional Practice Research C. Miller, P. Hoggett and M. Mayo PART III: ISSUES IN RESEARCH Evaluating Risk Assessment: A Methodological Study of Mentally Disordered Offenders in the London Probation Area W. Fitzgibbon Educational Research Need Not Be Irrelevant Z. Bekerman Policy Analysis in Education - Multiplicity as a Key Orientation for Research K. Kraus Bibliography


This is an analysis and reconstruction of Voisin's table of quarter-squares, one of the first two such tables, which is compared to the main other published tables of quarter-squares.


In principle,the res judicata can only restrain the parties in civil litigation.However,under the special conditions,it will expanse to the third person.With the different basic of expansion,res judicata expenses to various types of third person.Generally speaking,the subjective range of res judicata can extend to interested persons in some special situation,such as the litigation undertaker and the occupant of the subject of request.


Two-photon microscopy imaging of endogenous fluorescence has been shown to be a powerful method for the quantification of tissue structure and biochemistry. While autofluorescence is observed in many tissue types, the identities and distributions of these fluorophores have not been completely characterized. Image guided spectral analysis is being developed to aid in extracting spectroscopic components from two-photon images. This methodology is being applied to the study of human skin. In ex vivo specimens, the overall bulk emission spectrum of the skin, the layer-resolved emission spectra of the stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, basal layer, and dermis, and the emission spectra of surgically exposed dermis have been measured. From the image guided spectral analysis, it was determined that there are approximately five factors that contribute to most of the luminescence signals from human skin. The autofluorescent species identified include tryptophan, NAD(P)H, melanin (or localizing species), and elastin. The collagen matrix contributes to a second harmonic signal.


Three cases of acute abdomen in children are described where a diagnosis ofpneumonia was recorded as the cause of the abdominal pain. In each case, pulmonary consolidation was identified on the plain abdominal radiograph. Thediagnostic value of plain abdominal radiographs in children is increased bydeliberately including the lung bases. Acute abdominal pain is a common cause of paediatric emergency referral andadmission to hospital. Acute appendicitis is the most common identifiable organic cause (Drake, 1980). Extensive lists can be made of other possible causes (Table I), arid investigations are directed to reaching a working diagnosis within a few hours of admission.


A comparative susceptibility of Domestic duck, Muscovy duck and Mule duck to an experimental infection with Eimeria aythyae were studied in a randomized block design in cages. Ducks were infected by oral inoculating 75,000 sporulated Oocysts of E. aythyae can develop in the three duck hosts. The Muscovy and the Mula ducks are the most susceptible hosts, a significant decrease of the individual weight gains were also observed in the infected domestic duck group.The total 3-day protein level after infection was remarkably increased(p0.01) and the total serum lipids level was reduced at day 6 after infection in the infected Muscovy duck(p0.05).


Despite their impact on longevity, serviceability, and environmental footprint of the built infrastructure, the chemo-physical origins of nanoscale properties of cementitious materials, and their link to macroscale properties still remain rather obscure. Here, we discuss a multi-scale approach that describes different aspects of physical properties of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) at the nano- and meso-scales. These include dynamics of water, thermal properties and mechanical behavior of C-S-H and its effect on properties of cement paste at different scales.


Background: The tips of modern thin Quincke‐type spinal needles may be easily damaged by bone contact during the puncture. The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of tip deformation in routine clinical work and the appearance of the dural perforations made by such damaged needles.


People tend to use Internet features to respond to social media or update their opinions without considering the consequences of the opinions expressed. Issues identified include low public awareness, checking the truth and authenticity of news, and being more careful when sharing content on social media and browsing the internet. A fundamental contribution to the target audience in implementing community services is building a system for identifying black campaign messages. News analysis, which falls under Black campaign, is performed interactively through a process of reduction, data viewing, and validation. The system is systematically developed through the phases of system analysis (analyst), system construction (construction), coding (coding), system test (test), and system maintenance (maintenance). After the SIHox application was socialized and simulated, it was found that it took Beringin Police a very short time to identify online messages containing black campaigns. The system simulation success rate was 87% and the service implementation team had a performance score of 90.


A radioactive tracer technique was employed to determine the yield (atoms/ion) and angular distribution (atoms/ion·sr) of atoms sputtered from Cu (100) and Mo (100) surfaces by a 1 to 10 keV Hg+‐ion beam. Values of the yield for Ni (100) surfaces were also determined. Analytical models for normal and oblique ion incidence cases were fitted to the angular distribution data. The functions describing the preferential emission in the closest‐packed direction and the [100] direction were Gaussians, whereas the background distribution was represented by a cosine, which was tilted away from the surface normal for oblique incidence. Integration of the total distribution gave the relative contributions to the sputtering yield of the directed emissions and background. In all cases, the cosine contribution, which is interpreted in terms of emission from a random lattice, accounted for more than ⅔ of the atoms sputtered. However, intense Wehner spots were present even when the cosine distribution accounted for ⅘ of the ejections. These spots, which are commonly attributed to preferential ejections, are more accurately interpreted as a combination of random emission and collimated preferential emission.


Abstract Exchangeable potassium (K) is the readily available form but when this pool is not sufficient, plants must be supplied from less labile forms of this nutrient. In this study, the contribution of nonexchangeable K to plant nutrition and the uptake rate of this nutrient in successive harvests were investigated. A greenhouse experiment was performed sowing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum sp) on four agricultural soils with a wide range in exchangeable K concentration. The soils were a) Acuic Argiudol, b) Entic Hapludol, c) Typic Argiudol (Ordoñez and M. Juarez). Five harvests were conducted resowing after each one. Soil K extractable with 0.01 M CaCl2, exchangeable and nonexchangeable K was determined. Plant analyses were conducted to asses total K. The highest nonexchangeable K contribution to the total K uptaken by plants (in percentage) was observed in the Acuic Argiudol soil due to its low exchangeable K concentration. For the Typic Argiudol soils, this contribution varied according to exchangeable K concentration (Ordoñez soil) or according to the clay content and the mineralogy (M. Juarez). For all soils, the highest plant uptake rate was for the first harvests corresponding to the uptake of soluble K and the K located in the most labile positions in the exchange complex. This fact is confirmed by the high correlation obtained between the uptake rate and the amount of K extracted with CaCl2 (p<0.05). For subsequent harvests, a progressive decrease of K uptake rate was observed. In the fifth harvest plant uptake mostly depends on the nonexchangeable K concentration (p<0.05). The Acuic Argiudol soil, presents a special behavior • given that it reaches the minimum rate in the third harvest due to the low concentration of all K forms of this soil.


1 are virulent and antigenically distinct from endemic viruses 2 Daniela S. Rajão, Phillip C. Gauger, Tavis K. Anderson, Nicola S. Lewis, Eugenio J. 3 Abente, Mary Lea Killian, Daniel R. Perez, Troy C. Sutton*, Jianqiang Zhang, Amy 4 L. Vincent# 5 6 Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS-USDA, 7 Ames, Iowa, USA; Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal 8 Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA; 9 Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 10 Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Science, 11 Technology and Analysis Services, Veterinary Services, APHIS-USDA, Ames, Iowa, 12 USA; Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 13 USA; Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary 14 Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA. 15 16 Running title: Novel Human-Like H3 Influenza A Viruses in Pigs 17 18 Abstract word count: 248; Text word count: 5277 19 #Address correspondence to Amy L. Vincent, email@example.com 20 *Present address: Troy C. Sutton, National Institute of Allergy and InfectiousDiseases, 21 National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 22 JVI Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 26 August 2015 J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.01675-15 Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.


Performing urban search and rescue (USAR) is a stressful and high demand task. The rescuers can use an extra pair of eyes and ears in the field, especially in places where they themselves cannot go. A ground robot can support rescuers in their task. To develop such a ground robot high fidelity and realism testing is needed [1]. High fidelity evaluations are difficult to set up, because the circumstances need to be complex and truthful. In this paper we performed a complex team experiment in the USAR domain. We measured a large number of variables to assess participants' performance, task load and emotion. This paper focuses on the question whether the analyses tools (Observer and FaceReader [2]) and measures gave an adequate indication of and insight in rescuers' operations for a robot with two levels of automation (no versus partial).


Numerical modeling of phenomena on modern supercomputers using finite difference methods requires development of complex application software capable of adapting to both hardware configuration and the simulation process in order to provide satisfactory efficiency. In the paper two parallel programs, which employ the alternating-triangular method for solving of Dirichlet problems for the Poisson equation in unit square, are studied. The first program is a conventional one, based on Message Passing Interface (MPI), while the second one is developed with LuNA programming system. LuNA automates construction of numerical programs for multicomputers. Scalability and efficiency of both programs are compared.


Abstract Places are key to our understanding of human mobilities and the other way around. Places and mobilities exist in a co-constitutive relationship, making it difficult to disentangle one from the other. Research across disciplines needs to pay more sustained attention to how places are mobile and to how mobilities are emplaced. It is crucial to undertake both endeavours simultaneously. Privileging the former, as happens in globalization studies, leads to de-essentialized conceptualizations of place, questioning the traditional taken-for-granted bond between peoples and territories, but it also creates a disconnect between high-level theory and lived experiences. Favouring the latter, on the contrary, as happens in more micro-scale and phenomenological approaches, leads to embodied understandings of human movement, but often overlooks the influential local-to-global power relations and structures that are implicated in local(ized) practices and processes. Based on a critical reading of existing scholarship and drawing on ethnographic and emic understandings of mobility-related issues in various contexts around the globe, this article develops conceptual as well as methodological insights about the multiple ways in which places are mobile and mobilities are emplaced. This includes anthropological reflections on displacement and immobilization. I end by offering suggestions for future transdisciplinary research on the place-mobility nexus.


Performances of Fabry-Perot interferometers are directly dependent on the quality of the optical coatings used. A short review of progress achieved in manufacturing techniques of layers obtained by vapour deposition is presented. A systematic comparison between computer simulation of layer formation and experimental results leads to the best possible use of optical control methods for layer growth. Remaining limitations on optical performances (absorption, scattering, instabilities connected with adsorption) are mainly due to microstructure defects of the thin layers.


The views of the International Organisation of Consumers Unions (IOCU) with regard to food standards in international trade are reported. The implementation of the reform of Codex, ensuring improvements in food standards necessary to gain consumer confidence, is advocated.


The mainly goals of "business tax change to VAT" included eliminating reduplicate taxation, reducing tax burden, developing service industry and promoting economic structure. The experiments had made some achievements, but still exists some shortage. To further expand the experiments, we should abide by the following basic principles: the needs and activity of industry and enterprise should be fully considered. Not to replace business tax , but to reconstruction VAT. "Business tax change to VAT" is a long-term process, it must not be too hasty. The basic standard of project choice is reducing the cost of reform scheme selection.


We further study the universal e quations o f the supersymmetric modified KdV (MKdV) hierarchy in its generalized forra. We show that these equations describe the dynamical quantum equations of the odd series of N = I minima] (p,q) superconformal field theory coupled to N = I supergravity in particular those unitary series with p = 2k+3, and q = 2k+l. The string susceptibility of these models is - (0) -2 / 2 k + 1. We demonstrate explicitly' _ r sst r' ---the casesk = 2; Bnd k=3.


Hydrogen-donor and hydrogen-acceptor substituted chiral cyclophanes with a [2](1,3)benzeno[2](3,5)pyridinophane framework have been synthesized, enantiomerically separated, and analysed by circular dichroism (CD). X-ray structure determination and CD analyses show that these cyclophanes are able to act as hydrogen-bonding donor/acceptor building blocks for the design of chiral supramolecular aggregates with suitable complementary partners. Starting from the pyridinophane N-oxide 4, selective reactions lead to the new chiral pyridinophanes 5–7 in high yields. The X-ray structure analysis of the pyridinophane-2-carbonitrile 5 reveals a multilayered herringbone structure as it forms dimeric aggregates. The CD analysis of the host 7 with the complementary guest molecules melamine and cyanuric acid elucidates the formation of supramolecular complexes in solution.


There is a benefit contradiction between logistics service level and logistics cost.For the third-party logistics,it is an important strategic work to make trade-off and scientific decision on them.In this paper,by using the elasticity theory of economics,the TPL services-cost capacity is analyzed to present the sensitivity degree of logistics costs to the change logistics service level under different circumstances.Combined with the relative influence factors such as the level of competition and co-mpetitors as well as customer demand,the comprehensive decision-making on logistics services level and logistics cost could be realized.


Aiming at the detection difficult problem of feather quill crease,an algorithm for feather quill crease recognition was proposed based on mean covariance descriptor and manifold kernel. Mean region covariance descriptor was employed to represent the object which enables efficient fusion of different types of features and modalities into a unified feature model,used as multi-cue integration for crease recognition.Due to that mean covariance matrix is not symmetric,we first proved that mean covariance matrix forms a Lie group. Based on Lie group theory,geodesic distance can be computed between two group elements in the Log-Euclidean framework with double invariance properties. Then this article designed recognition algorithm based on Lie group kernel with metrics of inner product space and manifold kernel function expression which were deduced. The experiment section gave classification comparison through the algorithm in separate methods using mean covariance matrix and covariance matrix. The results show that mean covariance matrix is more suitable for constructing feather quill crease features and the proposed algorithm has better linear distribution.


This study aims to increasing production flexibility on highest unmatching ratio products in an Indonesia company. This study focuses on the problem of an inability to absorb orders fluctuations by dealer or end customer at one of Indonesia's leading automotive companies. If it is not solved, it will potentially causes cancelation order. Therefore, the necessary improvements in order to increase the production flexibility of the company. Method used in this research is DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve & Control) in way to get the right solution. Improvements will have an impact on opportunity cost and unmatching ratio. In this study, absorption scheme fluctuations order on a weekly basis in the form of WOC (Weekly Order Change) with adding a safety stock of unique part by using Q-model calculations. The results obtained from this study is the profit as the opportunity cost IDR 431,635,851 and unmatching ratio decrease from 4.9% in before condition become 1.2% in after condition.


Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition was used to synthesize epitaxial Pb(Mg{sub 1/3}Nb{sub 2/3})O{sub 3}{minus}PbTiO{sub 3} films on SrTiO{sub 3} and SrRuO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} substrates, using solid Mg(DPM){sub 2} as the Mg precursor. Depositing conditions have been identified under which phase-pure perovskite PMN-PT may be grown. In contrast, in lead-poor environments, an additional second phases of a disordered magnesium-niobium oxide has tentatively been identified. X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction indicate a cube-on-cube orientation relationship between film and substrate, with a (001) rocking curve width of 0.1{degree}, and in-plane mosaic of 0.8{degree}. The rms surface roughness of a 200nm thick PMN film on SrTiO{sub 3} was 2 to 3 nm as measured by scanned probe microscopy. The zero-bias dielectric constant and loss measured at room temperature and 10 kHz for a 350 nm thick pure PMN film on SrRuO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} were 1100 and 2%, respectively. Small-signal permittivity ranged from 900 to 1400 depending on deposition conditions and Ti content; low values for the dielectric loss between 1 and 3% were determined for all specimens. Here the authors report on growth conditions and the initial structural and dielectric characterization of these samples.


Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) is commonly used to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) in MM due to its widespread availability, fast turnaround, and the amount of information obtained upon enumeration of different cell populations and their corresponding antigen expression levels. Thus, MFC could potentially be used not only to monitor MRD, but also to offer additional prognostic information based on MM plasma cell (PC) phenotypes. However, in MM there is lack of consensus about which markers are prognostically relevant because of technical variability between centers and the paucity of studies in large series of patients.

Before investigating the prognostic value of those antigens evaluated in MRD studies, we first demonstrated their stability over time by comparing the phenotypic profile of MM-PCs from diagnosis to the MRD stage using principal component analysis (PCA). Accordingly, PCA of merged diagnostic and MRD profiles showed phenotypic overlap between both (MM-PC references in red and blue, respectively; Panel A), that was also demonstrable at the individual patient level [Panel B, in which diagnostic and MRD phenotypic profiles from individual patients (n=14) are represented with the same color]. After demonstrating antigen stability from diagnosis to the MRD stage, we then investigated their prognostic value in a large series of 1265 newly-diagnosed patients enrolled in four consecutive GEM/PETHEMA clinical trials (GEM2000 and GEM2005MENOS65 for transplant-eligible, GEM2005MAS65 and GEM2010 for elderly patients). As compared to cases with bright CD38 expression, patients with aberrantly low CD38 had inferior PFS (medians of 38 vs 30 months; P<.001) and OS (medians of 92 vs 55 months; P<.001). Similar results were observed while comparing the outcome of patients with bright vs. low CD138 expression (median PFS of 34 vs 29 months; P=.003 / median OS of 67 vs 55 months; P=.05). CD81-positive patients had inferior survival than CD81-negative cases (median PFS of 25 vs 42 months; P<.001 / median OS of 55 vs 92 months; P<.001). Interestingly, CD117-negativity conferred inferior PFS and OS in transplant-eligible patients treated without novel agents (ie. GEM2000) but not in the era of novel agents (ie. GEM2005MENOS65). On the other hand, CD45-positive vs. negative expression resulted in inferior PFS (medians of 23 vs 31 months; P=.03) and OS (medians of 43 vs 61 months; P=.03) only among elderly (ie. GEM2005MAS65 and GEM2010) but not in transplant-eligible patients. Importantly, the prognostic value of CD38, CD138 and CD81 continued to be noted in patients with persistent MRD; furthermore, in a multivariate analysis with other prognostic factors such as ISS, FISH cytogenetics, CR and MRD status after therapy, CD38 and CD81 retained independent prognostic value for PFS and OS.

Subsequently, we determined the extent of antigenic heterogeneity in MM by enumerating how many different phenotypic profiles could be observed for the combination of markers consensually used in MRD studies: CD38, CD138, CD19, CD27, CD45, CD56, CD81 and CD117. Detailed analysis of 222 newly-diagnosed patients enrolled in the GEM2010MAS65 study and for which all the above markers were simultaneously evaluated, revealed that a total of 94 different phenotypes were identified (Panel D); the most common antigenic profile was CD38+d CD138+ CD19- CD27+ CD45- CD56+ CD81- CD117+ in 13 of the 222 patients (6%). Since aberrant protein expression could result from specific genetic abnormalities, we subsequently investigated for a relationship between both. Interestingly, we found a phenotypic profile determined by combined CD45-CD56+ CD117- expression that was present in 39% of the patients and that in comparison against other profiles was particularly enriched in high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities such as t(4;14) (19% vs 8%; P<.001), and del(17p) (13% vs 7%, P=.01).

In summary, we unravel the heterogeneous phenotypic landscape of MM and shed light in the relationship between patients' phenotype and genotype. In addition, CD81, CD38 and CD138 were prognostically relevant in one of the largest series of MM patients ever studied; because their expression is stable over time, these results indicate that MRD monitoring by MFC can offer additional prognostic information based on the phenotypic profile of the chemoresistant PC clone.

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Figure 1.

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Disclosures Paiva: Onyx: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Millenium: Consultancy; Binding Site: Consultancy; EngMab AG: Research Funding; BD Bioscience: Consultancy. Puig: Janssen: Consultancy; The Binding Site: Consultancy. Gironella: Celgene Corporation: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mateos: Takeda: Consultancy; Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy, Honoraria; Onyx: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria. San Miguel: Novartis: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria; Millennium: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Sanofi-Aventis: Honoraria.

 [1]: pending:yes


We present a tumor developed from spermatic cord structures. The histology (rhabdomyosarcoma), the age of the patient and its association with a prostatic adenocarcinoma has developed this case report. Histopathological singularity and regional treatment choice are the two key points of this case.


This paper deals with mechanisms designed to security of computer networks and their use in practice. In the first part of the work we reflect on the necessity of the operation of these mechanisms. The second part follows with theoretical description of the technology used according to various criteria. The final part of the work deals with the design of the security system and an example configuration of active network element.


Peru's Consejo Nacional de Poblacion (CONAPO) and its center for regional development studies, el Centro de Estudios Peruanos para el Desarrollo Regional (CER), have developed program guidelines to orient population policy for the years 1996-2000. The planning was guided by the national population policy law and the program of action for the Cairo World Population Conference. The starting point for policy development should be an analysis of estimated program costs in various sectors and of recent public expenditures for population activities. Population activities may have short-term economic and social benefits, but demographic benefits become appreciable only in the medium term. The national social policy and its implementation are the natural context for population activities in Peru. Strategic planning is a useful tool for complementing the usual economic and demographic structural analysis. Strategic planning allows identification of an array of possible options and selection of the most promising. The priority program areas should include increasing gender equity, reproductive health services including family planning, improved population distribution and environmental protection, urban management and attention to persons displaced by violence, and population education, with attention to relations between population and other dimensions of sustainable development. The major challenge for the next five years is to increase the coverage and efficiency of the national population program and policy. This will involve mechanisms such as political will and community participation, incorporation of the nongovernmental and private sectors, training of technical personnel in the population program, and increasing management skills.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to conduct an investigation into the link between market orientation and business performance using sample data from firms operating in Mainland China, a communist country undergoing economic transformation from a planned economy to a market economy. The study found that market orientation was positively and significantly associated with sales growth, customer retention and overall performance. Implications of our findings were discussed and limitations of the study as well as future research directions were addressed.


The paper outlines changes made in the re-organization of a third year experimental engineering course in the School of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of New South Wales. Experiments were restructured so that students themselves were required to make decisions about (i) what to measure (ii) what procedures to use to provide reliable measurements (iii) how available equipment can be used to provide these data, and (iv) how results and procedures can be validated. The paper reports data relevant to the evaluation of these changes through the administration of questionnaires, observation of students' activities and experimentation methods in the laboratory, and the opinions of teaching staff. Evidence relating to the effectiveness of the re-organized laboratory programme is assessed and a set of principles is outlined for the further improvement of such programmes.


The structural gene for glyoxalase I (GLO1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified. The GLO1 gene contained an open reading frame with 326 amino acids, and the molecular weight of the gene product (Glo1p) deduced from the DNA sequence was calculated to be 37,207.06. Glyoxalase I activity increased approximately 95-fold when the GLO1 gene was introduced into the yeast cell with a multicopy plasmid, and the resultant transformant showed the increased resistance against methylglyoxal. Since the knockout mutant of the GLO1 gene of haploid strain of S. cerevisiae was still viable, the GLO1 gene was thought to be unnecessary for growth of the yeast. The GLO1 gene was overexpressed in two kinds of glutathione-deficient mutants, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase-deficient (gsh1−) and glutathione synthetase-deficient (gsh2−), respectively, and the sensitivites to methylglyoxal were compared. The gsh1-deficient mutant, which could not produce glutathione at all, was hypersensitive to methylglyoxal, and overproduction of the Glo1p did not restore the growth arrest caused by exogenously added methylglyoxal. The gsh2-deficient mutant, which accumulates γ-glutamylcysteine (an intermediate of glutathione biosynthesis), was also sensitive to methylglyoxal compared with the isogenic wild type strain, although the growth arrest caused by methylglyoxal was partially restored by overexpression of the GLO1 gene. Purified glyoxalase I from yeast could use γ-glutamylcysteine as a substrate (kcat/Km = 1.89 × 107 M−1 s−1, glutathione; 3.47 × 104 M−1 s−1, γ-glutamylcysteine).


(DSM 1743) [NiFeSe] hy- drogenase have been measured using the multifield saturation magnetization technique. The periplasmic [NiFeSe] hydrogenase was isolated from bacteria grown in excess selenium in the presence of 67Fe. Sat- uration magnetization data were collected at three fixed fields (1.376, 2.75, 5.5 tesla) over the tempera- ture range from 2 to 100 K. Mossbauer and EPR spec- troscopies were used to characterize the magnetic state of the two [4Fe-4S] clusters of the enzyme and to quantitate the small amounts of iron impurities present in the sample. The nickel(I1) site was found to be dia- magnetic (low spin, S


We are researching and writing a book on my late aunt, Dr Mary Gordon. When she immigrated to South Africa (SA) from England in 1917, she became the first woman doctor to be appointed to Johannesburg Hospital. She was later to establish a large private practice in Johannesburg while also teaching at the then newly founded medical school at the University of the Witwatersrand, where she remained one of the members of staff until 1946.


The sorption of quinoline (pK/sub a/ = 4.94) was investigated on low-organic-carbon subsurface materials that varied in pH. Sorption isotherms were measured from 10/sup -7/ to 10/sup -4/ M quinoline and were found to be nonlinear. The resulting Freundlich constant (K/sub F/), based on total aqueous quinoline concentration, were poorly correlated with subsoil properties, including organic carbon. Higher sorption in the acidic subsoils and favorable coefficients for regression of K/sub F/, normalized to cation-exchange capacity vs. the ionization fraction (Q), point to the importance of ion exchange of the protonated compound. When the subsoil pH is adjusted, it is shown that sorption parallels the ionization fraction and retention of the organic cation far exceeds that of the neutral species. Calculations of surface speciation and thermodynamic parameters of sorption (..delta..H/sup 0/, ..delta..S/sup 0/) point to ion exchange and/or surface protonation at pH, levels exceeding pK/sub a/ by greater than 2 log units. It is suggested that in subsurface materials of low carbon content, quinoline sorption is controlled by pH the nature and capacity of the exchange complex, and groundwater ion composition. 46 references, 5 figures, 4 tables.


In past few years, multilevel inverters have shown considerable advantages over traditional two-level inverters in a majority of the high power high voltage and medium voltage industrial applications. As a consequence, the cascaded multilevel inverter (CMI) configuration has grabbed tremendous interest in the power industry. Now-a-days, with the increasing usage of power electronic devices by industrial, commercial and domestic consumers, power quality is deteriorating at a rigorous pace. In this paper, a cascaded three-level inverter based shunt active power filter (APF) has been modeled in order to handle large compensation currents and reduce the power loss occurring due to switching of semiconductor devices. Current harmonics produced due to a non-linear diode rectifier load is compensated using the three-level inverter based APF. An evaluation is carried out with MATLAB/Simulink based simulations to investigate its current harmonic compensation capability under ideal, distorted and unbalanced supply conditions.


In this paper we are presenting the theory of balance equations of the Continuum Thermodynamics (balance systems) in a geometrical form using Poincare-Cartan formalism of the Multisymplectic Field Theory. A constitutive relation $\mathcal{C}$ of a balance system $B_{C}$ is realized as a mapping between a (partial) 1-jet bundle of the configurational bundle $\pi:Y\to X$ and the dual bundle similar to the Legendre mapping of the Lagrangian Field Theory. Invariant (variational) form of the balance system $B_{C}$ is presented in three different forms and the space of admissible variations is defined and studied. Action of automorphisms of the bundle $\pi$ on the constitutive mappings $C$ is studied and it is shown that the symmetry group $Sym(C)$ of the constitutive relation $C$ acts on the space of solutions of the balance system $B_{C}$. Suitable version of Noether Theorem for an action of a symmetry group is presented with the usage of conventional multimomentum mapping. Finally, the geometrical (bundle) picture of the Rational Extended Thermodynamics in terms of Lagrange-Liu fields is developed and the entropy principle is shown to be equivalent to the holonomicy of the current component of the constitutive section.


We construct a dual exponential map which relates the $p$-adic Eisenstein classes to Eisenstein series. From this map, we deduce a compatibility between the $p$-adic realization and the de Rham realization of the torsion sections of the elliptic polylogarithm prosheaf.


The noradrenergic theory of Cognitive Reserve (Robertson, 2013–2014) postulates that the upregulation of the locus coeruleus—noradrenergic system (LC–NA) originating in the brainstem might facilitate cortical networks involved in attention, and protracted activation of this system throughout the lifespan may enhance cognitive stimulation contributing to reserve. To test the above-mentioned theory, a study was conducted on a sample of 686 participants (395 controls, 156 mild cognitive impairment, 135 Alzheimer's disease) investigating the relationship between LC volume, attentional performance and a biological index of brain maintenance (BrainPAD—an objective measure, which compares an individual's structural brain health, reflected by their voxel-wise grey matter density, to the state typically expected at that individual's age). Further analyses were carried out on reserve indices including education and occupational attainment. Volumetric variation across groups was also explored along with gender differences. Control analyses on the serotoninergic (5-HT), dopaminergic (DA) and cholinergic (Ach) systems were contrasted with the noradrenergic (NA) hypothesis. The antithetic relationships were also tested across the neuromodulatory subcortical systems. Results supported by Bayesian modelling showed that LC volume disproportionately predicted higher attentional performance as well as biological brain maintenance across the three groups. These findings lend support to the role of the noradrenergic system as a key mediator underpinning the neuropsychology of reserve, and they suggest that early prevention strategies focused on the noradrenergic system (e.g., cognitive-attentive training, physical exercise, pharmacological and dietary interventions) may yield important clinical benefits to mitigate cognitive impairment with age and disease.


From the *Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI; †Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; ‡Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; §Department of Clinical Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI; and ¶Cardiovascular Research and Quality Programs, Ernst Cardiovascular Center, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI. Address reprint requests to Maureen A. Smythe, PharmD, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 28202. E-mail: email@example.com © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1053-0770/2602-0033$36.00/0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.04.029


All over the world, as in Greece, the consumption of antimicrobials is a "threat" for humanity. The consumption of antimicrobial drugs has the effect of increasing the resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of Urinary Tract Infections in the Emergency Department (ED) of the General University Hospital of Patras (GUHP) as well as to investigate the antimicrobial resistance.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted. All patients coming successively in the period from March 20, 2015 until March 19, 2016 in the ED, either with UTI symptoms or laboratory documented positive urinalysis and culture were investigated. All data regarding these patients were collected from the Medilab-i program of GUHP and were entered in a new database. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS v.19.0.
Results: The total number of examined patients in the ED during the whole study period, were 17,404, of these 6,568 (37.7%) patients were laboratory tested for UTI. Laboratory documented urinary tract infections were diagnosed in 1,919 (29%) patients and in 1,285 (67%) out of them urine culture was performed. A total of 534 (42%) had positive and 569 (44%) negative cultures and 182 (14%) were repeated tests. Mainly Escherichia coli (65.2%) was detected, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (11.9%) and Proteus mirabilis (6.52%). The highest resistance rates for Escherichia coli were observed in Ampicillin (64.68%) and Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (43.38%), whereas low rates were observed in Amikacin (0.34%), Imipenem (0.54%) and Netelmicin (1.94%). Klebsiella pneumonia shows a high resistance to ampicillin (92.9%), Tobramycin (82.4%), Cefaclor (79.3%) and Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (67.8%).
Conclusions: Escherichia coli is by far the most common cause of urinary tract infections in patients presenting to the ED of GUHP. The development of antimicrobial resistance is a warning and reveals a major problem of public health.