Abstract Measurements have been made between 2 and 30°K of the linear thermal expansion of single crystals of Mg, Zn and Cd, both parallel (⌋) and normal (Ι) to the hexad axis. Values have also been obtained at liquid oxygen temperatures and at room temperature which agree with previous data. (i) For Mg, the linear coefficient αΙ is larger than α below 30°K, and at the lowest temperatures (< 10°K) α = (0·95 T + 0·021T 3) × 10−9 °K−1 and α = (1·25 T + 0·036T 3) × 10−9 °K−1; the Gruneisen parameter, γ, remains between 1·4 and 1·5. (ii) In zinc, α is negative between 8 and 70°K; α is always positive and increases very rapidly between 10 and 40°K. γ has a value of 2·0 at room temperature and below 10°K but has a maximum of about 2·8 at θ/15. (iii) For cadmium, α is negative from 5 to 40°K, but below this a positive term, assumed to be due to the electron gas, predominates; α varies with temperature much as in zinc. γ is about 2·3 at high and low temperatures and reaches a maximum of 3·4 at θ/15.


Crystals of 1,8,10,9-triazaboradecalin are monoclinic, a= 18·009, b= 5·134, c= 8·655 A, β= 93·57°, space group P21/n with four molecules in the unit cell. The atomic positions have been determined by least-squares refinement of X-ray diffraction data. The molecular shape is closest to that of a distorted naphthalene. The central part of the molecule comprising the BN3 group and the carbon atoms in positions 4 and 5 is planar. Atoms 2 and 7 lie 0·2 A above this plane and atoms 3 and 6 0·5 A below it, so that the molecular symmetry is close to m(Cs) with the mirror plane containing the B–N bond common to both rings. The mean B–N bond length is 1·421 A. The molecular structure is discussed in terms of π-bonding between boron and the three nitrogen atoms and a B–N bond order of 1·3 has been deduced from molecular orbital calculations.


How to realize finishing publishing work in the network and the technology used is illustrated in this thesis. Through three-layer structure to realize the model of client/server, can visit the database in multi-user model in the Intranet. This thesis also introduces the way to design the database. The design of table, view and trigger and so on are illustrated. Through the running of the program, communication arnong departments is enhanced. The efficiency of press business is enhanced too. On the other hand , the communication with readers is enhanced. And the a good basement is set up for the realization of E-business on line.


This paper considers multiple-part-type production lines, and it views the overall production control system as a surplus-based system. A set of distributed single-level fuzzy controllers is used to reduce WIP and synchronize production system's operation. The overall control objective is to keep the WIP and cycle time as low as possible and, at the same time, satisfy demand, avoid overloading of the production system and synchronize the production system operation to eliminate machine starvation or blocking.


This investigation of the relative merits of various possible transformer connections and protective devices was the result of statistical data secured, over a long period of years, by the Commonwealth Edison Company of Chicago regarding the number and types of distribution transformer failures during lightning storms.* It refers to standard, 60 cycle, overhead, power and lighting distribution systems having 4,000-volt, four-wire primaries and three-wire, 230-volt, three-phase power and 115-230-volt lighting secondary mains. Five spans of standard pole line construction were exposed to transient potentials of steep wave front, the latter being induced by the sudden charging of the well insulated artificial clould suspended over the line. The cloud was charged to potentials, up to 150 kv., by means of a surge generator. Measurements of potentials, ranging as high as 40 kv. in some instances which were induced upon various portions of the distribution system were made by means of ionized sphere gaps and the cathode-ray oscillograph. Some of the important conclusions reached as the result of this investigation are: 1. The value of an experimental wood pole distribution line with an insulated artificial cloud charged by means of a surge generator was definitely established for lightning protective investigations involving induced as well as direct stroke potentials. 2. The practicability and economy of studying, by means of such laboratory equipment, the operation of various transformer, lightning arrester and ground connections, when exposed to surges approximating those of lightning, were demonstrated. 3.


This paper is aimed to summarize the anti-cancer effects and mechanism of Juglans mandshurica.Nearly 40 documents,which were contributed by both domestic and foreign researchers,where found in the databasses sush as cqvip,sciFinder and other ones.The anti-tumor effect of the J.mandshurica can be summarized to the following 6 aspects: affecting cell cycle,inhibiting of DNA topoisomerase,inducing apoptosis of tumor cells,improving the immune system,damaging the mitochondrial structure,changing the structure and biochemical of cell membrane.J.mandshurica.has an bright future as a anti-cancer drug and it is worthy further studies to obtain a more efficient product with lower toxicity.


This work focuses on single and bilayers of para hexaphenyl (PHP) and C60 grown by Hot Wall Epitaxy . A detailed study of the growth process was performed on glass, ITO and (001)oriented cleaved mica substrates . The ordering of the layers was investigated by X-ray diffraction, showing clear diffraction peaks for layers grown on mica. The PHP layers grown on mica show high optical anisotropy (dichroic ratios up to 14 in emission) according to the polarization dependent photoluminescence experiments. The highly ordered structure is also reflected in the surface morphology of the layer as observed by atomic force microscopy. The epitaxial growth on mica is mirrored by the main alignment of the surface structure to the orientation of the mica substrate.


ABSTRACT Garden Banks 191 is about 150 miles from Lafayette, Louisiana in 700 feet of water. Block 191 has produced over 210 BCF dry gas from Pleistocene reservoirs since 1993. This paper will address the production characteristics of turbidite sheet (4500' Sand) and channel (8500' Sand) sand reservoirs. Understanding the distribution of shale breaks within both reservoir types is critical because the shales compartmentalize gas production and control water encroachment through the reservoirs. The 4500' Sand reservoir is about 1000 ft. thick and is composed of interbedded sands and shales typical of amalgamated and layered sheet sands. The sand is subdivided into four production members (designated 1-4) by shale breaks that extend across the reservoir interval. The reservoir has exhibited a good water drive. Water encroachment occurs individually within each member. The 8500' Sand is approximately 900 ft. thick "fining-upward" channel succession that was deposited in a slope mini-basin formed by salt withdrawal. Shale breaks in this stacked channel succession do not extend across the reservoir, but they do control water encroachment in individual wells. The sand is informally divided into five members based on shale breaks and perched water contacts. Members 3, 4 and 5 are connected, based on RFT pressures. The 8500' Sand has produced from a combination pressure depletion/limited water dive mechanism resulting in excellent recoveries.


An analogue polynomial predistorter working at RF is presented. It is capable of operating at multiple frequency bands over a wide linearisation bandwidth. These are important features for a reconfigurable radio application. The technique approximates the inverse of the amplifier transfer function up to third-order (cubic) nonlinearity by using polynomial functions. Theoretical analysis shows that the performance of the technique is limited more by the generation of additional fifth-order IMD (IM5), than the gain and phase matching of the predistorter. The measured two-tone tests at different frequency bands show 13 dB suppression of third-order IMD (IM3) is possible over 40 MHz tone separation. A 30 dB IM3 reduction can be achieved by increasing the IM5 by 9 dB. The research will continue by extending the predistorter to include higher orders of nonlinearity for a larger improvement in IMD suppression.


We prove two results on the generic determinacy of Nash equilibrium in voting games. The first one is for negative plurality games. The second one is for approval games under the condition that the number of candidates is equal to three. These results are combined with the analogous one obtained in De Sinopoli (2001) for plurality rule to show that, for generic utilities, three of the most well-known scoring rules, plurality, negative plurality and approval, induce finite sets of equilibrium outcomes in their corresponding derived games—at least when the number of candidates is equal to three. This is a necessary requirement for the development of a systematic comparison amongst these three voting rules and a useful aid to compute the stable sets of equilibria (Mertens, 1989) of the induced voting games. To conclude, we provide some examples of voting environments with three candidates where we carry out this this comparison.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nucleotide variation by sequencing of PCR product of αs1, αs2, β and κ-casein gene of Malvi, Nimari, Sahiwal and HF crossbred cattle. In alignment of nucleotide sequences of αs1, αs2 and κ-casein gene in Malvi, Nimari, Sahiwal and HF crossbred cows revealed the nucleotide variation. The align sequence of αs1 casein gene of HF crossbred, Nimari and Malvi cattle showed similar nucleotide base sequence, whereas in Sahiwal the Guanine (G) at 44 bp site was replaced by Adenine (A). For αs2 casein gene, the HF crossbred, Sahiwal and Malvi showed similar nucleotide base sequence whereas in Nimari the Adenine (A) at 243 bp site was substituted by Thymine (T) and at 582 bp site in HF crossbred Adenine was replaced by Guanine. In same αs2 gene Thymine (T) at 713 and 715 bp site was replaced by Cytosine. There was no change observed in 121 bp of β casein gene in HF crossbred, Sahiwal, Nimari and Malvi. For Kcasein gene, the Nimari, Sahiwal and Malvi showed similar nucleotide base sequence, whereas in HF crossbred, the Cytosine (C) at 262 bp site was substituted by the Thymine (T) and at 308 bp site Adenine (A) was replaced by Guanine in Nimari. The phylogenic tree represented that the four breeds were divided in to four clusters. The clusters at αS1, αS2 and K gene locus in Sahiwal and Nimari showed more genetic divergence with HF crossbred as compared to the Malvi, whereas at β gene locus only Nimari showed more genetic divergence with HF crossbred as compared to Malvi and Sahiwal.


Treatment of segmental bone loss remains a major challenge in orthopaedic surgery. This study evaluated the healing potential of a series of highly porous tissue engineering scaffolds with the current clinical gold standard. We compare healing of collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) and collagen micro-hydroxyapatite (CHA) scaffolds, with and without recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), with autogenous bone graft (ABG) in the healing of a 15mm rabbit radius defect, which were filled with either CG scaffold, CHA scaffold, CG-BMP2, CHA-BMP2 or ABG. Serial radiographs and micro-computed tomography (µCT) at six week radiographs demonstrated complete defect bridging with callus using CHA and CG-BMP2 while the CHA-BMP2 was already in an advanced state of healing with cortical remodeling. By sixteen weeks CHA, CG-BMP2 and ABG all had advanced healing with cortical remodeling while CHA-BMP2 had complete anatomic healing. Quantitative histomorphometry values demonstrated similarly high healing levels of healing in CHA, CG-BMP2 and ABG with highest overall values in the CHA-BMP2 group. Thus, treatment of a critical sized, weight bearing, rabbit radius defect with a CHA scaffold can result in full cortical bridging with medullary cavity development. In addition, a CHA-BMP2 combination can result in fully mature, anatomic healing. The use of an off-the-shelf CHA scaffold for direct surgical placement into a defect site may be an effective bone graft substitute in the treatment of skeletal defects. The ease of manufacture, storage and peri-operative preparation may offer an alternative to traditional strategies, as well as to more recent BMP2 devices. This study provides clear evidence that CHA scaffolds can perform as well as autogenous bone grafts and supports their use as a viable alternative. Where the use of BMP2 may be desirable, these materials provide an ideal delivery mechanism and using a very low (near physiological) dose, healing superior to autogenous graft may be achieved.


The question of when is it safe to operate turbomachinery on or near the second critical speed is addressed. A parallel evolutionary progression of the API rotordynamic specifications and rotordynamic analysis capabilities is discussed. Actual test stand results are presented, illustrating second critical speeds near the operating range with high amplification factors and low amplification factors. Their rotordynamic characteristics are discussed in reference to the old and new API specifications and the older and more recent rotordynamic analyses. One example is shown of a steam turbine that operates with the second critical inside the API separation margin. Actual speed-amplitude plots are presented for the imbalance sensitivity testing of the steam turbine on the test stand in accordance with the second edition and the latest third edition of API 612 steam turbine specifications. The results show that the turbine fails the second edition test by a factor of two but passes the third edition test by a factor of four. Finally, the implications of these results are discussed in reference to safe operation of rotating equipment on or near the second critical speed in accordance with the newest edition of API specifications.


For the last fifteen years scientists have been puzzled over why blue, green and white GaN-based quantum-well LEDs are so bright even though the dislocation density is very high, typically 10 cm [1]. Initially it was believed that this was because the InGaN quantum well underwent spinodal decomposition into nanometer-size indium rich clusters during growth by MOCVD or MBE [2]. These clusters were believed to localise the carriers, thus preventing their diffusion to dislocations which would quench the light emission since they are non-radiative recombination centres. Such clusters were observed by electron microcopy [3]. However, it was shown that electron-beam damage can rapidly produce In-rich clusters in InGaN, and that such clusters are not visible in lowdose electron microscopy [4, 5, 6], although this has been disputed [7]. In addition, Atom Probe Tomography (APT) has not revealed any In-rich clusters and the In distribution in the quantum wells is consistent with InGaN being a random alloy [8]. Karpov [9] has shown that in a strained InGaN quantum well, the strain suppresses the spinodal decomposition, so no indium-rich clusters are expected thermodynamically for blue and green InGaN LEDs, in agreement with our experiments.


Resonant Raman scattering was used to study an InSb/${\mathrm{In}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathit{x}}$Sb strained-layer superlattice and the InSb and ${\mathrm{In}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathit{x}}$Sb parent materials. Resonant enhancement peaks were observed in epilayer films in the regions of the ${\mathit{E}}_{1}$ and ${\mathit{E}}_{1}$+${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{1}$ optical gaps. In the superlattice, two sets of peaks observed in the plots of the Raman cross section versus exciting photon energy are shown to originate from the independent electronic transitions in the alternating layers. The calculated resonance Raman profiles for two phonons in the alloy layers are in reasonable agreement with experiment. Estimates of the strain and confinement effects in these layers were made and these agree with the observed differences from the parent materials.


In The Russian Peasant and Other Studies (London, 1945) Sir John Maynard has written in a preface : "It is inevitable that one who writes about Russia in the very crisis of the struggle now convulsing the world should have his mind focused upon the ultimate relations of the Western powers with the vast federation of peoples who form the bridge between Europe and Asia . . . Neither group must try to force its own ideas, political, economic, or social, upon the other . . . On the other hand there must be agreement upon foreign policy . . . agreement . . . upon the necessity of agreement." Two worlds which do not understand each other are suddenly faced with the necessity of working out compromises. It would be presumptuous of the present writer to attempt to throw light on the problem. The effects of a first experience in a plane, the speed of travel by air, lack of knowledge of the Russian language, and the first contact with the Asiatic continent and with a new power celebrating its coming-out party must leave any observer in a state of confusion. But an experienced student has said that one must spend ten days or ten years in Russia. To be trained in political economy, a subject which has its roots in the West and which has suffered from the characteristic disease of specialization, and to realize suddenly that a vast powerful organization built around the efforts of 180,000,000 people has arisen with Lttle interest in this specialization is to find oneself compelled to search for possible contacts in the broader approach of its history. Writings on Russia reflect the bitterness of civil war, only less bitter than religious war, whether written by those sympathetic to Trotsky or by those sympathetic to Stalin. Few individuals are interested in dispassionate discussion. Lack of knowledge about Russia is not only a result of the intensely partisan character of writings but also of the deliberate policy of defence which has largely characterized Russian history. Strategy in countries emphasizing naval power in the West has always stressed the principle of attack. Suddenly one realizes that in a vast continental area, defence is the key to ultimate success. The strategy of defence springs forward to a position which it has not occupied since the castles of the mediaeval period before the invention of gunpowder. The success of defence in secrecy, destruction, or supervision of contacts with the outside world a distinct railway gauge, a difficult language for Europeans, which with Marxian indoctrination was impenetrable to propaganda, concentration on a small single party, control over the press and radio have been evident in the under-estimation of Russian strength


Summary form only given. Langevin dynamics is used to study the transition from ferromagnetic to superparamagnetic behavior upon reducing the particle size in uniaxial nanoparticles for observation times of a few nanoseconds and constant temperature T=300 K. Square particles of size d, thickness t=1 nm and damping constant /spl lambda/=0.1 are considered. The stochastic dynamic equation, interpreted in the Stratonovich sense, is solved on a two-dimensional grid of 1 nm square cells using a first-order Euler scheme augmented by the noise-induced drift term. The transition is studied in detail by monitoring the probability distribution of in-plane magnetization orientations during the time interval considered. The authors show the computed distributions for different particle sizes d. Large particles are clearly ferromagnetic because they present a sharp distribution around the initial equilibrium state (/spl phi/=0/spl deg/). As d is reduced, the distribution gradually widens up and the second peak (/spl phi/=180/spl deg/) becomes populated too. Smaller particles are superparamagnetic because they present a wide probability distribution with the two minima equally populated. This transition has been compared with the one computed assuming that the magnetization inside the particle is completely uniform (macrospin model). The result is shown with the average value of the normalized magnetization component along the easy axis is plotted as a function of particle size. It is observed that non-uniformities in the magnetization favor thermal relaxation and that the transition is moved roughly 1 nm towards larger particle sizes. It can be shown that this contribution is not due to the occurrence of highly non-uniform reversal modes nor to the presence of configurational anisotropy, which is negligible for the particles sizes considered here.


Phenological relationships between two insect galls and their host plants: Aspidosperma australe and A. spruceanum (Apocynaceae)). Although gall diversity in the Neotropical region is immense, comparative studies on the phenology of host plants and their galls are scarce. Gall systems generally require high levels of phenological synchrony between the associated organisms. The relationships between the phenology of two leaf galls induced by an unidentifi ed Cecidomyiidae in Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex Muell. Arg. and by Pseudophacopteron sp. in A. australe Muell. Arg. were investigated. The investigation was performed on ten individuals per species in 15-day intervals taking into consideration the percentage of galled leaves. In a one-year study, three distinct phenophases for the leaf galls and four phenophases for host plants were observed. The maximum percentage of leaf galls (80%) on A. australe occurred just after the peak of leaf sprouting. In A. spruceanum, the percentage of leaf galls was always over 50%, which can be related to continuous leaf production and gall induction in this species. In both species, developing galls were observed over the entire year, indicating multivoltinism. The ability to induce galls at young and mature sites seems to be a good strategy for galling species survivorship.


This paper presents the basic data for the strength behavior of longitudinally profiled plates(LP plate). The effects of loading conditions, thickness and slenderness ratio of plates are examined by using FEM analysis. The analysis results shown that the strength behavior of LP plate is varied with the loading conditions. The major causes of the reduction in strength are the distribution of deflection and the slenderness ratio of plate. Based on the results, this paper presents some discussions about the strength evaluation of LP plate with considering the equivalent thickness.


The complexity and extension of bone defects caused by trauma and tumors frequently require special therapeutic approaches. Bone grafting with particulate or pre-shaped pieces might not always provide an accurate reconstruction of the missing parts. Therefore, custom made pieces, prepared specifically for each patient after a CT scan imaging, represents a better alternative as they allow an anatomical reconstruction of the affected area (Fig. 1) [1]. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics, consisting of an intimate mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), have been successfully used in different presentation forms. Variations in the HA/β-TCP ratios in BCP allow the preparation of a material that fulfills the biological and mechanical properties of the axial and appendicular skeleton including load-bearing areas [2]. Fabrication of custom-made pieces also opens a promising perspective for the reconstruction of articular surfaces.


Objective
To understand the early experiences of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after intravenous thrombolysis.

Methods
By purposive sampling method, and according to principle of sample saturation, semi-structure interview was conducted to inpatients who had undergone acute ischemic stroke and were treated with intravenous thrombolysis in Neurology Department in a comprehensive class Ⅲ grade A hospital in Shenzhen from March to September 2016. Colaizzi method was used for the analysis of interview content.

Results
Early experiences of acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis can be concluded as four subjects: perceived body difference, heavy psychological burden, adaptation to new roles, and expectation of support from medical staff and family members.

Conclusions
For AIS patients, different experiences and needs appeared from the attack to the recovery period after thrombolysis, according to which, individualized nursing measures should be adopted by doctors and nurses.

Key words:
Stroke; Intravenous thrombolysis; Experience; Qualitative research


This paper is devoted itself to segmentation of texture images. Based on the theory of total variation minimization and the active contour image segmentation method, we proposed a simple linear model of texture images which regards a texture image as a sum of a photo prototype image and a texture sub-image. Using the total variation minimization method the simplified prototype image can be extracted from the origin image. A coarse border can be located by segmenting this simplified image. Based on the coarse border, a higher accuracy result can be obtained by taking the original image into account. We choose the geometric MDL active contour for image segmentation and applied AOS scheme for the numerical solution of the nonlinear diffusion equation of the total variation minimization. Our method is unsupervised. Experiments on both synthetic and natural texture images show that the method is effective.


A method has been developed to synthesize household travel survey data from a combination of census and national transport survey data sources. The procedure involves creating distributions of pertinent variables (numbers of trips by purpose, mode of travel, time of day of travel, and trip length) that can be used to estimate travel-demand models. A sample of local residents is then drawn from disaggregate census data, providing detailed information on the socioeconomic characteristics of the sample. Using these socioeconomic characteristics, travel data are simulated from the transport data distributions using Monte Carlo simulation. The paper describes the application of this procedure to Adelaide, South Australia, for which an actual household travel survey exists from 1999. The paper describes results obtained from applying the generic data as the basis of the simulation.(a)


Assisted reproductive technology (ART) with oocyte donation involves fertile women who have already had children and who, in order to be accepted in the program, have to undergo a compulsory psychological interview. We will interrogate the psychological mechanisms at work in these women. It is likely that we will be able to observe changes in the infantile sexual theories of these donors, as well as for everyone involved in the ART process.


Extraction of Japanese oak wilt in autumnal tints of forest based on remote sensing data is required from the view point of early detection and prevention, because the appearance of oak wilt ranges from early June to October. In previous work, we have proposed an oak wilt index, NWI, in which extraction accuracy from a wide variety of autumnal tints has not been verified. At first, it was confirmed that NWI is not capable of distinguishing wilt regions from healthy late stage tints. An additional band, 515nm, to NWI-related three bands, i.e. 800, 680 and 550nm, are selected by SVM-based analysis evaluating the ratio of support vectors and the contributions in four dimensional normalized reflectance space spanned by NWI-related three bands and the candidate band. We proposed an index, NDIwilt, to differentiate wilt from late stage tints in the framework of normalized vegetation indices based on two bands. By the combination of NWI and NDIwilt, oak wilt regions are extracted with high accuracy, Az value 0.9999.


The invention relates to a mechanical energy transformer, wherein the kinetic energy F of a body by conversion to rotational energy permits a very short-term braking without damage to the body or injury to the occupants.


This article addresses the problem of near real time video analysis of a maritime scene using a (moving) airborne RGB video camera in the goal of detecting and eventually recognizing a target maritime vessel. This is a very challenging problem mainly due to the high level of uncertainty of a maritime scene including a dynamic and noisy background, camera's and target's motions, and broad variability of background's versus target's appearances. We propose an approach which attempts to combine several types of spatiotemporal uncertainty in a single probabilistic framework. This allows to achieve a likelihood ratio with respect to any possible spatiotemporal configuration of the 2D+T video volume. Using the MAP estimation criterion, such a problem can be recast as as an energy minimization problem that we solve efficiently using a spatiotemporal active contour approach. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach using real maritime videos.


Guanju is a visualized poem which tells profound wise.It illustrates the importance of the harmony in family between the couples,which is quite important for the country.This theory makes the theoretical foundation of the Confucian theory of cultivating the morality,governing the family and administering the country.


The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between hand strength and pencil-scissors skills in 49 kindergarten children. A correlational analysis of grip and lateral pinch strength with the hand tasks of cutting, tracing and drawing indicated no significant relationship among these tasks.


The isothermal crystallization from the melt of unreinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and of model carbon, aramid, and glass-fiber-reinforced PPS composites was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and optical microscopy. Crystallization was studied as a function of temperature, and the fiber contents in the composites were varied over a wide range. The results indicate that the influence of fibers on PPS crystallization is not only fiber specific, but also strongly dependent on the surface treatment (size). In general, fiber-reinforced systems crystallized faster than unreinforced (PPS), and the degree of crystallinity was less under comparable crystallization conditions. It was also observed that the rate of crystallization was enhanced in those systems which exhibited transcrystallinity in thin PPS film/single fiber composites as compared to those systems which did not exhibit transcrystallinity. Furthermore, the degree of crystallinity showed a nonlinear crystallization temperature dependence for those systems that exhibited transcrystallinity.


Many computer vision related works in brain tumour identification focus exclusively on either a classification model or tumor segmentation model. However, the treatment of brain tumors considers, among other factors, tumor type, shape, and size. This article proposes a framework using a segmentation model for the detection of the exact location and shape of brain tumors. The framework also uses a multi-level ensemble learning model to classify brain tumors in an MRI data set. For the geometric property of a particular tumor, a statistical measurement technique using region properties is adopted. The classification model consists of three base learners, two primary ensemble learners, and a final ensemble model. The three base learners are transferred learners fine-tuned using pre-trained VGG16, Inception-V3, and ResNet50 as base learners. The classification model is trained on three main types of MRI brain tumors as well as a normal brain, which is not so in many existing models. The use of a multi-level ensemble with the technique of re-tuning the weakest base model improves the accuracy of the final ensemble model. This work also demonstrates that a wrong segmentation of a tumor in normal MRI brain image can be disproved when tested on a deep learning model.


Irrigation area of the Banjaranyar reservoir, the current condition of the irrigation network requires proper maintenance of the irrigation network. Based on these problems, it is necessary to study the maintenance of the irrigation canal of the Banjaranyar reservoir. Therefore, a lot of research is needed on how to realize the building with an effective cost and implementation time. In the sense that with minimal funds, it can produce maximum maintenance work with the right allocation.The analysis is carried out using the critical path method, so it is expected that the time and cost allocations can be calculated with certainty in accordance with the availability of work package time allocations in one budget year with smaller costs during the construction service life.The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the cost of irrigation construction using precast concrete using the critical path method and to analyze the timing of irrigation development using precast concrete using the critical path method.The result of this research is the acceleration from 90 calendar days to 60 calendar days can be done by rescheduling by eliminating the lag time between work activities.


generally good, is sometimes difficult to understand and would benefit from collaboration with a native English speaker. In light of the book's focus on how anthropology shapes theology, Mensch/Menschen would be better translated "human(s)" or "humankind," rather than "man"/"mankind." These observations notwithstanding, this English edition makes more widely available an important contribution to the growing conversation around the topic of divine embodiment in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. Scholars, students, preachers, and teachers will benefit from Wagner's analysis of the body's central place in Israel's understanding of God.


The cold ion-molecule reactions play important roles in synthesis of interstellar molecules, and their reaction-rate constants are important information for stud ying the chemical evolution of interstellar clouds [1]. Therefore, the databases of the rate constants were developed for astrochemistry and some reaction network models were pr oposed to understand the synthetic mechanisms of interstellar molecules [2, 3]. Recent ly, the present state of knowledge concerning the reaction-rate constants and their uncertaint i s for the major gasphase chemical processes was reviewed [4]. It was pointed out that most of the measurements of ion-neutral reactions were only at room temperature or at a re strict d range of temperatures near room temperature, even though the reactions occur actually at ve ry low temperatures in interstellar clouds. Especially, the cold ion-polar molecule reacti ons have not been studied extensively in the laboratory, owing to some experimental difficul ties, such as condensation of polar gases at relatively high temperatures. For that reason, we planned to measure the reaction rates of cold ionmolecule reactions using the ion trap te chnique. The main purpose of the present study is the contribution to the astronomical databases.


Annex H.3 of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement presents an example of calibration of a thermometer using a linear regression model. Annex H.5 of the same publication presents another class of linear statistical models and analysis techniques that are commonly called the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The procedures given in Annexes H.3 and H.5 do not specifically include Type B uncertainty evaluations. A natural question then is as follows: can these statistical models be used when the measurements are subject to additional uncertainty, arising from systematic effects, that needs to be evaluated by Type B methods? This paper answers the question in the affirmative and provides a natural interpretation of the results. The data from the two Annexes are used for illustration.


In combination with control in construction of Xuhonghe Bridge and based on numerical simulation and actual measurement,this paper carries out the test for counter tension pre-pressure of triangle hanging baskets assembled on the ground,and studies difference between load on structure of hanging basket and deformation in test and actual construction to provide bases for determining deformation values of hanging baskets in pouring of cantilevers of box girders in a reasonable way.The data obtained in the test after difference analysis and treatment can be used for calculation of precamber.


Abstract Alkyl- and arylphenylphosphine oxides can easily be synthesized with an excellent enantiomeric excess starting from diastereomerically pure (RP)-(−)-menthylhydrogenophenylphosphinate and organometallic reagents.


The Library has recently acquired with income from the Danford N. Barney, 1916, Fund (established by bequest of Francis Hyde Bangs, 1915) a three-page manuscript described, in a pencil note by R. S. C[lark?], as "Printer's copy in the handwriting of Washington Irving, originally printed in the Knickerbocker Magazine."* A perusal of the periodical shows that the manuscript is part of a note printed on pages 350-351 of the issue for April 1840, in the section called "Editors' Table," giving additional information about the article " 'A Time of Unexampled Prosperity.' By the Author of the Sketch-Book. The Great Mississippi Bubble," in the same issue (Volume XV, pages 303-324). The article was reprinted in Wolferis Roost (1855), but without the note, and the item is not listed in bibliographies. It is therefore at least a minor addition to the growing canon of Irving's writings, and of interest especially at the present time when a new edition of Irving's work is in the course of preparation. How much of the "Editors' Table" comment was written by Irving is difficult to establish because the manuscript begins in the middle of the note as printed. It is probable that Lewis Gaylord Clark, editor and publisher of the Knickerbocker, was responsible for the rest, although his twin brother Willis Gaylord Clark was associated with him in work on the magazine from 1834 until 1841. It is known that between 1839 and 1841 Irving was to be paid two thousand dollars a year for his contributions to the Knickerbocker, some of which were dredged up from the past. The quarterly payments, unfortunately, were not always forthcoming. The subject of this particular article, the famous eighteenthcentury financial scandal, was especially appropriate in view of Irving's own unhappy dabblings in the stock market, at a time when he had a bevy of nieces to support at "Sunnyside," his Tarrytown cottage, and little ready cash. The note is here reprinted in its entirety from the Knickerbocker. The differences between manuscript and printed version are too minor for mention.


In order to improve center forward players' skills and tactics,this paper adopts some methods such as documentary data and logic inference to make a basic research on several evolutions of basketball competition arena and to make detailed analysis of higher standards of physical quality,skills and tactics which these several arena evolutions requires of taller players.The research shows that the changes of basketball competition arena improve center forward players' skills and tactics,speed up switch of attack and defense,make taller players more and more flexible;and the application of skills becomes more and more reasonable and the coordination of tactics more and more brief,practical and smooth.This paper serves as valuable references to improving levels of China's basketball.


An assembly of a teat cup carrier and platform characterized mobile power that, said teat cup carrier is freely movable relative to the feed platform, said teat cup carrier that can freely move a mobile robot self-propelled transport liners and comprising a control unit for controlling operation of the mobile robot carrying teat cups, said assembly comprising a control unit for the feed platform, said robot being designed to cooperate with a movable feed platform in that the unit robot control unit comprises a transmission and reception for communication with the control unit of the feed platform.


The objective of this paper is to identify the indicators of a quality management model for integrated healthcare settings in Poland. In order to elicit the items and clusters of quality management, a three–step methodology has been applied: a literature review, a Delphi study, and concept mapping. The literature study resulted in 91 elements of integrated care. The two Delphi rounds were carried out in order to determine the importance of the identified items. Finally, the concept mapping was used to cluster the elements. Hierarchical cluster analysis and multi–dimensional statistical analysis were applied to design the quality management model. We received nine clusters that were labelled by the expert panel. The identified items and clusters focus on patient pathway management, patient centeredness, inter–organisational and inter–sectoral cooperation. The developed model could serve evaluation and improvement purposes in integrated healthcare settings not only in Poland, but in all countries that face healthcare reforms.


The vibrational spectra of TiF4(Raman: solid, gas), SbF3(Raman : solid, gas, solution in methanol; infrared : solid), SeOF2(Raman : solid, liquid, gas), SeF4(Raman : solid (two forms), liquid, gas; i.r. : gas) are reported. The use of vibrational spectroscopy to study polymerisation in condensed phases is discussed with particular reference to ClF3 and the title compounds.


The utility model relates to the technical field of water pumps, particularly relates to a light centrifugal pump, which is characterized in that a bracket, a pump head, a mechanical seal, a water outlet body, a support guide vane, a guide vane, an air director, a water inlet and outlet section, a base, an impeller, a shaft, a shaft sleeve, a pressure resistant cylinder and a coupler, wherein the air director is arranged between the shaft and the support guide vane. When water pressure is high, water is returned to a pump cavity again through the air director, so as to balance the kinetic force of the impeller and the shaft, and achieve the purpose of solving the axial force through hydraulic power balance and overcome the defect of unsteady running of a multi-stage pump effectively.


The present contribution deals with models and statistical analysis of sequences of random events. The main characteristics of such a random point process is its intensity. We consider the case when observed data are grouped, i.e. when the numbers of observed events are summarized in discrete time periods. Simultaneously, the values of other factors influencing the intensity, the covariates, are grouped to distinct classes, too. The intensity of occurrence is modeled with the help of Cox's regression model, its formulation and the procedure of estimation of the parameters are presented. The approach is then applied to the analysis of unemployment data from period 1993 - 1999.


We discuss the algebraic renormalization of the Yang--Mills gauge field theory in the presence of translations. Due to the translations the algebra between Sorella's $\d$--operator, the exterior derivative and the BRST--operator closes. Therefore, we are able to derive an integrated parameter formula collecting in an elegant and compact way all nontrivial solutions of the descent equations.


W. Bowman Cutter: My inclination is to address the question that this panel's title poses narrowly, directly, and completely by saying, "Not much in the near term." The following remarks expand on that otherwise complete presentation. I talk about the narrow question and its implications and conclude with some thoughts about a possible way forward. Let me begin by explaining my "not much" response. My key point is that I see absolutely no visible support—either deep or superficial—for ongoing innovation and creativity in trade policy. This lack of support persists despite the fact that the United States is in the middle of what appears to be a profound transformation in growth and productivity that has made irrelevant most of the standard arguments against continued trade policy liberalization. Part of the left has launched itself into a campaign against the whole idea. American labor has reversed its historic pattern of support. American business, and particularly business linked to the new economy, has not emerged as a meaningful force on trade, probably cannot do so, and certainly does not want to. Furthermore, both political parties are deeply ambivalent. Where a force for liberalization of trade policy is going to emerge from is unclear to me. This assessment raises the question, why? Let me offer some of the reasons I have thought about over the past few years. First, the nature of trade and trade issues has changed. (Agriculture may be an exception, as an area that will never be resolved but instead managed from day to day.) As many other participants in this conference have already discussed, trade policy is no longer about tariffs. Neither is it really about arm's-length transactions that are clearly across borders. Instead, it is about nontariff barriers. Often this means that trade policy today is about an underlying set of transactions that occur between affiliated groups, and that are therefore by no means arm's length,


A method for visualizing the characteristics of a particular object volume in an entire medical / biological environment comprising the computer-operated steps of: - receiving (52) of a source image dataset, as this to said entire area include; - determining a first outline of area within the said environment and through the use of said first contour surface as seed data, determining a second contour surface within said environment, wherein said first and second contour surface collectively define a target volume (58); - by eliminating segmentation (60, 68) from said image data set of all information associated to structures outside of said target volume; - and visualization (70) of said target object as the base is not excluded Informations of. In particular, the said second contour surface of a target volume defines the procedure fixed by a combination of voxel intensities and relative positions among voxels-subsets, characterized in that all data is excluded outside the outer surface and within the inner surface, whereby a non-uniform space between said first and second contour surface is made possible, and uses the second planform area than distinctively for segmentation.


The natural color silk were treated by hydrogen peroxide, and the structure, crystallinity, mechanical properties and color properties of the treated natural color silk were analyzed. The results showed that the structure of treated natural color silk didnt change obviously, the treated and untreated color silk both have α-helical structure and β-sheet structure; the degree of crystallinity decreased a little, the crystallinity of un-treated natural color silk was 44.4%, while the crystallinities of natural color silk treated by hydrogen peroxide was 43.7%; the breaking tenacity and the breaking elongation of natural color silk declined slightly after the treatment of hydrogrn peroxide; the elastic modulus didnt change significantly; the K/S value decreased significantly and the L*a*b* values changed after hydrogen peroxide treatment.


This article describes the breakdown in relations between local-authority Technical Officers working on Sheffield's reconstruction scheme in 1943. As a consequence of the dispute, an approach that prioritized spatial experience was dropped in favour of an engineering-based approach, in which spatial qualities were disregarded. Factors that led to this outcome include Government sanctioned design guidance on traffic engineering and zoning, and the type of education planners received. The dispute is indicative of wider trends in urban planning in Britain during this period.


We present a reconfigurable linear threshold element which may he used to implement the Boolean functions NOR3, C~A~R~R~Y~) and NAND3. Several of the blocks may be used to implement any Boolean function. Pseudo floating-gate transistors are used in order to set the appropriate threshold.


An interdisciplinary group of researchers from both Israel and Germany came together in December 2021 to exchange and discuss findings on the effects of the COVID-pandemic on children and older adults in Israel and Germany.This white paper provides a selection of empirical research findings, policy recommenda-tions and identified blind spots for future research with respect to a "linking ages" perspec-tive. The authors emphasize on loneliness in early and late life from a specific social science perspective and based on a selected set of definitions.


The authors present a framework for analyzi ng the design and pricingof differentiated products. Their approach has two nov el features. Individuals have Cobb-Douglas preferences over multidimensional pro duct characteristics. The distribution of Cobb-Douglas parameters across society is concave: this implies that there is general agreement about which characteri stic mix is most desirable. With these assumptions the authors demonstrate exist ence of a pure strategy price equilibrium for arbitrary pairs of products in two dimensions and also show how raising the dimensionality of the product space pr ovides an advantage to a late entrant in a price- regulated duopoly. Copyright 1986 by Royal Economic Society.


The circulating-work for borrowing and reading in library is a window to the whole library's work, which is such a direct service towards readers that becomes the focus for readers to evaluate the service of the library. Doing well in circulating-work should be carried out by every individual, and the librarians who assist in the library should bear devotion to their work, responsibility, confidence and thigh-quality and working ability so that they can set good examples with their own conduct, educate students through service students, trust readers, respect readers, educate readers, take good care of new books, mend shabby books without delay, take the advantages in the manners of serving, and avoid he disadvantages at the same time. They should also be flexible in the work, and do good jobs to create conditions to attract readers.


Involving patients in service improvement and listening andresponding to what they say has played a key part in theredesign of healthcare processes over the past five yearsand more. Patients and users have attended stakeholderevents, participated in discovery interviews, completedsurveys, mapped healthcare processes and even designednew hospitals with healthcare staff. However, to dateefforts have not necessarily focused on the patient'sexperience, beyond asking what was good and what wasnot. Questions were not asked to find out details of whatthe experience was or should be like (''experience'' beingdifferent from ''attitudes'') and the information thensystematically used to co-design services with patients.Knowledge of the experience, held only by the patient, isunique and precious. In this paper, attention is drawn tothe burgeoning discipline of the design sciences andexperience-based design, in which the traditional view ofthe user as a passive recipient of a product or service hasbegun to give way to the new view of users as integral tothe improvement and innovation process.


What is the differential diagnosis of a hypochromic microcytic smear? How can thalassemia minor be differentiated from iron deficiency? Should children taking isoniazid receive supplemental pyridoxine? What is the role of iron loss in chronic iron deficiency? Should full term infants receive prophylactic iron? At what age is the physiologic anemia of infancy at its lowest level and how low is normal? At what point is transfusion necessary? What safeguards should be taken when using chloramphenicol? What is the treatment of aplastic anemia? of erythrogenesis imperfecta?


@fmct:Contents @toc4:Acknowledgements iii @toc2:Introduction 000 @toc1:Theory @toc2:1 The Literary in Theory 00 2 The Novel and the Nation 00 3 Resisting Theory 00 @toc1:Concepts @toc2:4 Text: Its Vicissitudes 000 5 The Sign: Saussure and Derrida on Arbitrariness 000 6 The Performative 000 7 Interpretation: In Praise of Overinterpretation 000 8 Omniscience 000 @toc1:Critical Practices @toc2:9 Bad Writing and Good Philosophy 000 10 Writing Criticism 000 11 Doing Cultural Studies 000 12 Comparative Literature, at last 000 @toc4:Index 000


--This work investigates the strength development of alkali activated blast furnace slag mortars (AAS) with tile dust (TD) at certain rates. BFS was used instead of cement at the rate of 60% and 80%. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) alkalis were added as solution into the mixture. First stage Na 2 O 6, 7 and 8 wt% of the BFS was added. Better results were obtained from the strength values of the sample containing 8% Na 2 O. Because of this result, in the second stage, tile dust was used instead of 5% and 10% of the BFS. However, silicate modules (M S = SiO 2 /Na 2 O) in both experimental studies were calculated as 0.5, 0.75 and 1.00. Twenty eight-days strength value of AAS+TD (tile dust was used instead of 5% and M S =0.75) specimen are higher than rate of 60% BFS specimen.


A 47-year-old man with a history of HCV-related hepatitis, bilateral kidney malformations with chronic renal failure in dialysis, and an attempt of kidney transplantation failed for rejection, developed rapidly worsening bitemporal headache without any preceding symptoms.

He was at home, and was able to drive to the hospital where he should have undergone a scheduled dialysis session. Soon after his arrival to the hospital, and just before starting haemodialysis in the nephrology department, he presented a hypertensive crisis (systolic blood pressure >200 mm Hg) associated with agitation, mental confusion and …


Objective To investigate the normal appearance of intracranial veins and the artifacts of the images by using coronal 2D-TOF MR venography. Methods In 100 normal persons, two dimension time of flight MR angiography (2D-TOF MRA) were performed in coronal plane. Using IVI software at the workstation, maximum intensity projection (MIP) images generated automatically of the veins were compared with their source images and the coronal, transverse, sagittal reconstructed images (S+3P Re images). The quality of visulization of the veins was graded into grade A-D by their homogenicity of signal intensity and continuity. Special attention was paid to the features of the artifacts and the variation of the veins. Results On MIP images and S+3P Re images, 100 of superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, vein of Galen, vein of septum pellucidum, thalamostriate vein, internal cerebral vein, basal vein of Rosenthal, transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, occipital sinus and tentorial sinus were visual in higher quality. On S+3P Re images, the quality of visulization of the vein of Labbe, superior petrosal sinus, inferior petrosal sinus was better than on MIP images (P0.05). The artifacts such as flow gap, lower signal intensity on the veins had features about the shape and location. The variation of the veins was common, for example, various anastomotic forms of the torcular Herophili, aplastic transverse sinus, foreshortened superior sagittal sinus, persistent falcine sinus, persistent occipital sinus, the internal septum and so forth. Conclusion Most of the intracranial veins can be better visualized by using coronal 2D-TOF MR venography. The artifacts on the vein can be easily recognized by their features. The variation of the veins is common.


INCONEL alloy 718 is a widely used super alloy in aerospace industry for applications involving high temperatures up to 650°C. Welding of INCONEL 718 is heavily depends on Electron Beam Welding (EBW) as key joining technique. Thus extensive characterization of EBW of Inconel 718 is required. In this present work, we study the effect of various process parameters viz. beam current, beam focus, welding speed etc. on the quality of welded coupons based on the observations from etched bead geometry. The larger underfill that found in sharp-focus samples compared to the up-focus samples is explained using Marangoni effect. At higher welding speeds uniform penetration and minimum underfill are observed. The extent of alloy element segregation due to changes in weld parameters and the effect of process parameters on weld bead geometry are investigated. We also discuss the reasons for changes in bead geometry and their implications. Images from a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) reveal the presence of Nb rich phases in Austenitic matrix of weld bead. Formation of Nb rich phases in weld region is detrimental as it causes a drop in the percentage of Niobium (Nb) in bulk matrix. Nb segregation in root region was found to be less as compared to that of top region of the weld bead. Tensile strength of specimens were determined and these were in concurrence with the SEM observations on element segregation. Superior tensile strength values are observed for sharp focus cases as compared to up-focus cases. This behavior is further investigated by correlating changes in laves formation with the beam focus changes.


Objective:To investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-Aza on the immune status and DNA methylation in MRL/lpr mice.Methods:Thirty six 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into three groups including arsenic trioxide group,5-azacytidine group and normal saline group.The treatment was conducted for two months.The level of anti-dsDNA antibodies was measured before treatment.After the treatment,the level of anti-dsDNA antibodies,organs weights and the levels of DNA methylation in spleen,thymus,blood and lymphaden were measured.Results:(1)After treatment,the level of anti-dsDNA antibodies in ATO group was significantly lower than that in NS and 5-azacytidine group (P0.01).(2)After treatment,the weights of spleen and lymphaden in ATO group were lower than those in NS group and 5-azacytidine group (P0.05).(3)The levels of methylation of spleens and lymphadens in ATO group were significantly higher than those in NS group(P0.05).But there were no significanct difference in the levels of methylation of blood and thymus in the three groups.Conclusion:Arsenic trioxide can inhibit the production of anti-dsDNA antibody and suppress the hyperplasia of immune organ, and elevate the DNA methylation in spleen and lymphaden of MRL/lpr mice.


The work presented here concerns the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to reduce marine biofouling on ship hulls. The long-term stability of PEG towards degradation in a marine environment is reviewed, and the results of experiments designed to test the degradation of polyethylene glycol moieties are disclosed. The results show how the degradation of different polyethers can be followed, both in laboratory accelerated conditions and real life exposure by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Preliminary results indicate the influence of the chemical structure and the end-group on the degradation of different PEG-containing compounds in accelerated conditions, while showing very little degradation in real exposure tests in seawater after 3 months. Further experiments will be discussed involving long-term stability and degradation pathways involved in the degradation of PEG.


Medical waste management in Turkey is performed according to the Medical Waste Control Legislation that was regulated in 2005. The purpose of this work is to analyze medical waste management by regions of Turkey from the perspective of this regulation. Tables have been prepared from data obtained from the 2008–2012 Solid Waste Management Action Plan prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and covering all cities in Turkey. There are several data about number of beds in hospitals of all cities in Turkey, total medical waste produced in each city, medical waste produced per person yearly, medical waste disposal method that was used in 2007 and the method that is projected by the year 2012. Medical waste per person that is produced yearly in cities shows a parallelism with hospital bed capacity in that city and is found to be between 0.25 kg to 2.6 kg per person. The most common method used in Turkey so far in disposing of medical wastes was lime desiccation in special lots but recently there has been a tendency towards using a healthier method, namely sterilization. While the sterilization method was not used at all by 2007, the method has been employed in 15 cities as of 2009. It is projected that the number of cities using this method will be 56 by the year 2012. The number of cities using the old method of burial will be 15 in 2012. Since this method is not very appropriate for human health or the environment, these cities should also come up with projects to complete a transition towards the sterilization method.


The author discusses the documentary 'Waltz with Bashir' made by Art Folam 20 years after witnessing heavily armed Christian Phalangists massacre Palestinians in two refugee camps. The author considers the problems of memory and eyewitness accounts. (non-author abstract)


The idealisation of the city as a symmetrical motif, both in art and literature, has endured through the millennia. In Plato's Critas the city is depicted as five concentric rings of land and water surrounding the citadel. Roman mosaics portray the labyrinth as a city and these labyrinths have a relatively perfect, four-fold symmetry. Town planning and religious traditions of Rome were expressed symbolically in this geometric layout of the Roman labyrinth. Both the earthly and heavenly city were reflected in this motif since the microcosm reflected the macrocosm. In Revelations, the Heavenly Jerusalem has four-fold symmetry, the design of its gates, foundations, and measurements reflect the use of Pythagorean numerology. Utopian visions of the city from the Renaissance through to those of James Silk Buckingham in the nineteenth century involved planned cities with strict symmetrical designs. With this symmetrical geometry order would prevail, improving not only the aesthetics of the city but also improving the way of life of the population who lived in the city. Jung used the image of the symmetrical city as a Mandela, a symbol of contemplation. The motif of the symmetrical city crosses time, cultures and religions. This paper traces this conception of the city through its development and presentation in art and literature.


Water, energy and food are inextricably linked and underpin the development and expansionary nature of current global trade and productivity models. Global concerns about limited access to these three fundamentals for life are compounded by growing concerns about their future availability and sustainability. Adding more people to an increasingly urbanized planet will exert significant pressure on the level and complexity of trade-offs required among these three development goals; trade-offs that at the same time must act to minimize the potential to accelerate ecosystem degradation. This paper argues that realizing long-term water, energy and food security is possible; however, a "business as usual" approach cannot achieve this. A transformation in thinking and approach is necessary with the adoption of new management and development opportunities, which are enabled by innovative technology. A new approach, thinking in a Nexus perspective, is at the core to redefining our understanding of the inter-relationships between the water, energy and food security, and is a fundamental tenet to realizing the Green Economy. This paradigm shift is vital to achieving the sustainability development goals in an environment of global climate and economic change.


World energy consumption rises every year. Therefore, producing renewable and sustainable energy is necessary to protect the viability of this planet. The most well-known and promising form of renewable energy is that of wind power. The limited space in terrestrial areas yielded motivation to the growth of offshore wind industry. Offshore wind turbines (OWT) are most often founded on large-diameter monopiles (MP). Despite of the significant amount of units installed, their design engages Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) models based on slender pile response. The current research focuses on developing a nonlinear nonlocal 1D effective model able to predict the nonlinear response of such a foundation under static loading, incorporating their rigid behavior. This is considered a first step so as advanced nonlinear SSI is incorporated in the design of monopile foundations. The 1D model is based on Timoshenko beam theory, assuming the beam (representing the MP) is founded on a distributed, Winkler-type foundation, consisting of two types of fully coupled springs, lateral and rotational. These springs allow the model to capture the 3D continuum reaction of the soil towards rigid behaving monopiles. This type of behavior mobilizes a large volume of the continuum. The term nonlocality describes this global soil response towards the pile. In a nutshell, perturbations in a 3D Finite Element (FE) continuum are performed to capture the global reaction. The soil profile considered in this study is homogeneous sand. In the Finite Element model it is modeled with a nonlinear constitutive model. This means that a nonlinear relation between the loading on the monopile and the respective displacement exists. The resulting nonlinear response should be captured in the 1D effective model. This is achieved by calculating the stiffness terms of the 1D model for more than one loading combinations on the MP. The obtained nonlocal stiffness matrices contain a 3rd dimension along which the nonlinear soil response is captured. The nonlinear nonlocal stiffness matrices are directly applied in the 1D effective model. To visualize the performance of the developed model, a comparison between horizontal force - head displacement and overturning moment - head rotation curves calculated by 3D Finite Element Analysis and computed by the 1D effective model is made. The comparison is promising for the examined cases. However, there are still steps to be taken in order to further validate the method and expand its applicability.


Actinic keratosis (AK) and squamous cell carcinoma in‐situ (SCCIS) within or near melanoma in situ (MIS) can complicate diagnosis due to overlapping clinical and microscopic features. This study aimed to describe basilar melanocyte density and pagetoid spread in AK and SCCIS for improved diagnostic accuracy.


The article presents an analysis of the legal status and control over the activities of mediators in France. In the country pay close attention on regulating the activities of mediators and associations offering services for the mediation procedure. In order to ensure the proper functioning of conciliators and mediation organizations, control bodies have been established to monitor compliance with the fundamental requirements governing the work of mediators.
In order to develop and improve the mediation procedure in the Russian Federation as the most effective way of alternative dispute resolution, the article analyzes on the France Republic regulations, as well as the qualification requirements of specialized organizations for mediators to be included in the list of conciliators at the appellate courts of France.
In the second part of the study, the issue of requirements for mediators is discussed on the example of the work of the Commission for the control of mediators in the field of consumption (Commission d'évaluation et de contrôle de la médiation de la consommation).
As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that, unlike the Russian legislation regulating mediation issues, the activities, duties, and responsibilities of mediators in France are strictly regulated. Of no small importance is a clear sectoral division of mediators. This practice allows us to conclude that the conditions for the high efficiency of the work of mediators in the republic are created, since each specialist, in addition to having a special professional education, including legal education, is an expert in the area in which disputes arise. Such an organization of the work of conciliators seems to be highly justified, since the persons who have applied for the help of mediators have confidence that the dispute will be resolved with the help of a certified specialist, and not a person who has taken a basic course on the basics of mediation.


- MANET is a self-organized wireless network with no infrastructure. Especially data transfer from one system to another needs to be done securely. To provide data integrity, authentication plays a vital role in data communication. RSA and ECC are widely used algorithms in the real world, but authentication using these algorithms is time-consuming. Towards this, various algorithms came into existence with different security primitives. However, studying the critical agreement process among these security mechanisms is important. We have studied the patents related to secure end-to-end communication in MANET. Therefore, we aim to design a chaos-based mutual authentication algorithm that takes less time than these existing algorithms and evaluate concerning attack Resilience, packet delivery fraction, delay, throughput, and overhead. Simulation results show the result of the proposed mechanism and give better performance in terms of the said parameters. Comparison of the proposed system presents better results when compared to RSA ECC in terms of key generation mechanism.


Reaction of [RhCl(diene)]2 (diene = 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD) or bicyclo[2.2.1] hepta-2,5-diene (NBD)) with the N−N−N nitrogen ligands 2,6-(C(R1)N−R2)2C5H3N in CD2Cl2 or CH2Cl2 yielded the five-coordinate complexes [RhCl(2,6-(C(H)N−R2)2C5H3N)(diene)] (diene = NBD; R2 = i-Pr, t-Bu, and p-anisyl), which has been isolated for NBD but not for COD. A single-crystal X-ray determination showed that [RhCl(2,6-(C(H)N−p-anisyl)2C5H3N)(NBD)] has a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with the pyridyl N-atom, one imine N-atom, and one alkene double bond in the equatorial plane, while the second alkene bond and the chloride atom occupy the axial positions. This conformation containing one noncoordinated imine moiety is clearly retained at 183 K in CD2Cl2, as is also the case for the other complexes. For the COD complexes, the reaction is more complicated, as the intermediates that are observed depend on the substituents R1 and R2 of the N−N−N nitrogen ligand. The five-coordinate complexes [RhCl(2,6-(C(R1)N−R2)2...


This article describes strategic alternatives to the United States (US) 'war on terror' and consequences of past policies. It is argued that the 'war on terror' metaphor has failed and that strategic incoherence and tactical errors have mired the US in a series of failing land wars in Southwest Asia. The article proposes the adoption of a containment policy and recasting the 'war on terror' into a criminal law framework.


ICR mice were infected intranasally with Mycoplasma pulmonis isolated freshly from the lungs of a rat with pneumonia. We demonstrated with high reproducibility the expressions of messenger RNAs of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) in the lung tissue of M. pulmonis‐infected mice by the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and confirmed specific mRNA of the cytokines by restriction endonuclease digestion. Both the viable population of M. pulmonis in the lung tissue and the titers of the neutralizing antibody in the serum increased between 7 and 21 days, and reached their maximum 35 days after infection. The pneumonia in mice progresses with the development of lung lesions after 7 days of infection. The early lesions are characterized primarily by neutrophils and edema in the alveolar spaces. mRNAs prepared from the lung tissue of M. pulmonis‐infected and ‐uninfected mice were also tested for the presence of messages specific to TNFα and IFNγ by the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. The expression of the genes encoding TNFα and IFNγ was constitutively demonstrated from 24 hr through 35 days after the intranasal inoculation of M. pulmonis. Furthermore, cells of two types, adherent and nonadherent cells, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids obtained from the mice 3 weeks after inoculation of M. pulmonis were also found to express the genes of TNFα and IFNγ respectively. These data suggest that these cytokines would play a role in both stimulation in the development of pathological changes in mycoplasmal infection, affecting the inflammatory responses.


Recommendation: Unknown. There is insufficient evidence for the routine use of antibiotic-impregnated cement during primary total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Level of Evidence: Consensus. Delegate Vote: Agree: 100%, Disagree: 0%, Abstain: 0% (Unanimous, Strongest Consensus)


The k-nearest neighbour classification is a very popular and successful nonparametric classification method, but its classification performance usually suffers from the existing outliers. To overcome the adverse effect of the existing outliers on classification performance, a variant of the k-nearest neighbour classification and a nearest neighbour classification method based on the local mean and class mean are proposed. The information of the local mean of the k nearest neighbours of the unclassified sample in each class and the knowledge of the ensemble mean are taken into account in the classification method. The proposed classification method overcomes the influence of the existing outliers and achieves a uniformly good classification performance compared with the traditional k-nearest neighbour classification.


Living embryos of ten species of the teleost fish Nothobranchius were observed from fertilization through the ten‐somite stage. Cellular behaviour during early development showed differences as well as similarities among species. In one species at the eight‐cell stage the blastomeres are arranged in two rows of four cells, all in one plane. In three other species the blastomeres are arranged in two layers of four cells, each one above the other, and in the remaining six species the arrangement is intermediate between the one‐layer and two‐layer pattern. Hybridization experiments showed that the sequence of orientation of cleavage planes is not under the control of either the nucleus or of cytoplasmic factors from the sperm. At midcleavage stages, marginal cells of the blastoderm undergo fusion, thus giving rise to the external‐Yolk Syncytial Layer. A second period of fusion of cells of the Enveloping Layer occurs just before epiboly starts and a third one after epiboly has concluded. Marginal cells of the Enveloping Layer do not possess cell protrusions such as blebs, lobopodia, or filopodia; therefore, spreading of the Enveloping Layer during epiboly by means of locomotion of marginal cells seems unlikely. Evidence is presented that the deep cells within the segmentation cavity remain separated from one another through contact inhibition during epiboly and that they use the Enveloping Layer as a substratum during their dispersion over the yolk. A description of normal stages applicable to all ten species of Nothobranchius is presented.


Oral malodor, often known as halitosis, is an irritating breath odor that originates in the mouth and can cause significant psychological and social distress. Chlorhexidine, a powerful antimicrobial agent effective against bacteria and fungi, has become the standard treatment for halitosis. However, it has drawbacks including altered taste perception, dry mouth, and more noticeable dental staining. The use of natural essential oils to avoid these unwanted effects has proven to be an attractive strategy. This study aims to evaluate the potential of four essential oils consisting of Ma-kwean fruit (Zanthoxylum limonella, MK), clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum, CV), star anise fruit (Illicium verum, SA) and cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum, CM) for the purpose of combating bad breath by assessing their antibacterial efficacy against halitosis-associated bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Solobacterium moorei). The hydro-distillation process was used to prepare the essential oils, which were obtained as yellowish to colorless liquids with yields of 6.58 ± 0.81, 12.21 ± 2.98, 4.29 ± 0.15 and 1.26 ± 0.09% for MK, CV, SA and CM, respectively. The terpenoid compounds terpinene-4-ol (47.04%), limonene (17.19%), sabinene (13.27%) and alpha-terpineol (6.05%) were found as the main components in MK essential oil, while phenylpropanoids were identified as the primary components of other essential oils, namely trans-cinnamaldehyde (83.60%), eugenol (83.59%) and anethol (90.58%) were identified as the primary components of CM, CV and SA essential oils, respectively. For the antibacterial properties, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were investigated. CM essential oil exhibited the greatest capacity to inhibit growth and eradicate S. mutans, with MIC and MBC values of 0.039%, followed by CV (MIC of 0.078% and MBC of 0.156%) and MK (MIC and MBC of 0.156%), whereas the MIC of SA was 1.250% without eradication. Both CM and CV essential oils demonstrated exceptional efficacy against S. moorei, with MIC and MBC values of 0.019% and 0.033%, respectively. Furthermore, the inhibition of S. moorei biofilm formation was investigated and we discovered that the lowest effective concentration necessary to eliminate the S. moorei biofilm was one quarter of the MIC for MK, CM and CV, while that for SA essential oil was half of the MIC. These encouraging results suggest that the incorporation of MK, CM and CV essential oils into oral care products could potentially enhance their efficacy in halitosis treatment.


The present invention provides a method of detecting a specimen. The present invention relates to a method of detecting an analyte in a sample, a) is immobilized to either the sensor or on a sensor near the step of contacting the first ligand and the sample that specifically binds to the analyte ; b) the samples prior to step (a), or, the immobilized analyte after step (a), the step of contacting a substance containing a second ligand that the analyte specifically binds (here in the material can be activated to form a polymerization initiator); and, c) includes the step of activating the material, the polymerization initiator interacts with the sensor, by changing the physical properties thereof a method of changing the optical or acoustic characteristics of the sensor. .BACKGROUND


In 1998 Alex Salmond dismissed doubts over Scotland's Celtic lineage as "ignorance bordering on silliness". In 2007 he expounded a vision of the country as a "Celtic lion" economy. In 2005 a Scottish National Party press release on the anniversary of William Wallace's execution stated that he "saved the nation from surrender and annihilation". More recently, Salmond's impassioned speeches have channelled Mel Gibson's Wallace from the 1995 Hollywood blockbuster Braveheart.


Chronic cocaine exposure may decrease the excitability of prefrontal neurons; acute changes in prefrontal activity alter cocaine-seeking behavior in rats.


Background In most patients with SSc, the onset is in the form of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP), but in a few is in the form of visceral or musculoskeletal involvement or skin sclerosis. Several risk factors are related to poor outcome in patients with SSc, but never before has the mode of onset been described as one of them. Objectives To asses the mode of onset as prognostic factor in patients with SSc. Methods A retrospective and multicentre cohort study including 1625 patients with SSc, based on the National Spanish Scleroderma Registry (RESCLE) which includes 28 referral centres. RP, puffy hands, arthralgia/arthritis, skin sclerosis, intersititial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and esophageal hipomotility where included as clinical modes of onset. Results The cohort was split up in two groups: 1342 patients (83%) presented as RP and 283 (17%) presented as non-RP (see graphic below) Non-RP patients where younger at onset of disease (44.7±16.5 vs 49±15.6 years, p<0.001), showed higher percentage of diffuse subtipe (36% vs 19%, p<0.001), developed more visceral involvement during the course of the illness and where more frequently anti-RNAp III positive (29 vs 10%, p<0.001). Risk factors for death. Univariate and multivariate analysis Univariate analysis p-value Multivariate analysis p-value HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) Age at first symptom 1.08 (1.07–1.09) <0.001 1.07 (1.06–1.09) <0.001 Gender (female) 0.40 (0.29–0.54) <0.001 0.55 (0.38–0.78) 0.001 Disease subset  lcSSc 0.57 (0.45–0.72) <0.001 – –  dcSSc 2.74 (2.14–3.50) <0.001 2.33 (1.74–3.12) <0.001  preSSc 0.05 (0.00–0.62) 0.020 – – Mode of onset <0.001  RP 0.44 (0.33–0.58) <0.001 1 (ref.) –  Puffy Hands 2.18 (1.19–4.00) 0.011 2.11 (1.07–4.16) 0.031  Arthralgia 0.92 (0.53–1.61) 0.779 0.76 (0.40–1.45) 0.407  Skin sclerosis 2.23 (1.45–3.42) <0.001 1.43 (0.88–2.33) 0.150  ILD 11.34 (4.97–25.85) <0.001 3.97 (1.58–9.97) 0.003  PAH 31.00 (11.21–85.75) <0.001 13.92 (4.79–40.5) <0.001  Others 2.94 (1.51–5.75) 0.002 1.83 (0.85–3.96) 0.123 ILD 2.60 (2.01–3.35) <0.001 1.90 (1.37–2.65) <0.001 PAH 2.60 (2.01–3.35) <0.001 1.64 (1.25–2.15) <0.001 SRC 4.08 (2.64–6.30) <0.001 1.94 (1.14–3.31) 0.014 Heart involvement 2.40 (1.89–3.05) <0.001 1.38 (1.05–1.80) 0.020 Overall mortality was 16% in patients presented as RP vs 23% in non-RP patients (p=0.003). Few differences where noted among causes of death related to SSc, but the higher mortality was observed in RP group due to PAH (19% vs 8.1%, p=0.05) and due to ILD in non-RP group (24% vs 8.3%, p=0.002). Survival of patients with RP at onset was better at anytime than those with a non-RP onset: 0.97 vs. 0.89 at 5 years, 0.93 vs. 0.82 at 10 years, 0.83 vs. 0.63 at 20 years and 0.71 vs. 0.51 at 30 years from onset (p<0.001). Conclusions The mode of onset can be considered as independent prognostic factor, and specifically non-RP onset can be considered as a risk factor related to poorer outcome and RP onset and arthralgias can be considered as protector factors. Disclosure of Interest None declared


The purpose of the article is to identify the transformational form-creating processes of the Ukrainian television art of the 21st century on the example of the genre of documentary drama in the context of postmodern trends. Research Methodology. The following methods have been applied in the article: analytical and historical, cultural methods (to understand process of infotainment formation and development in the context of the Ukrainian television space at the beginning of the 21st century), cultural method (to develop the necessary view of the modern Ukrainian television art, the special feature of the postmodern concept implementation in the media space, the issues of mass culture and mass communications), the method of art history, conceptual and cognitive analyses, which contributed to the understanding of the conceptual representation of information and entertainment presentation of material in the modern Ukrainian television. Scientific Novelty. The article presented an attempt to determine the peculiarity of the aesthetics of the Ukrainian documentary drama in the context of infotainment of domestic television, and also to demonstrate its main artistic, figurative and technological features; to identify challenges and prospects for further development of a new genre of the modern television art. Conclusions. In the development of the domestic docudrama, wide possibilities of video editing and post-production technologies are used, but the creators are particularly demanding in choosing the means that are organic to the artistic language of films. The use of video editing and computer visual effects is an expressive tool for creating a "digital chronotope" that can reveal the philosophy of documentary drama and inject it with virtuality. Evolution tendencies of the Ukrainian documentary drama in the process of infotainment of television art give evidence of the establishment of a democratic screen language aimed at a wide audience, and at the same time of the strengthening of the philosophical sound of works. In our opinion, the process of globalization and convergence of techniques and methods of television documentary and infotainment, interaction and interpenetration of various verbal and non-verbal characteristics in the near future will have transition from quantity to quality.


Four upland rice varieties namely Norin 26 (Japonica type), Yar 2 (Indica type) and NERICA 1 and NERICA 4 were grown in nutrient solutions separately deficient of one of the following elements: N, P, K, Ca and Mg, to examine deficiency symptoms as well as the effects on growth and grain yield. All varieties showed similar response to any of the deficient nutrient element at different levels. P and N deficiencies were the most growth limiting factors at the early growth period of all varieties. NERICA 1 and NERICA 4 varieties recorded the lowest yield reduction due to nutrient deficiencies. The results indicate that NERICA varieties which are interspecific hybrids of Oryza sativa L. and Oryza glaberrima Steud. have relative advantage over their cultivated rice parent O. sativa L., which was represented by Norin 26 and Yar 2, for cultivation under nutrient deficient low fertile soil of the upland ecosystems.


After sale of product,Manufacturer provides product-supplementary services as follows.This paper analyzes the duopoly pricing strategy choice of manufacturer under considering two periods of sale of the product and Product-supplementary services.It is proofed that there exists only one Subgame Perfect Nash-equilibrium in the two periods Bertrand-Nash game as the duality of switch cost,and then comparative static analysis of the result with the Bertrand-Stackelberg game of product-supplementary services.It shows any increasing of switch cost will reallocate the share of service market and result in the decreasing of consumers'utility.The dualistic switch cost must be set up according to the precondition himself.It is the first quantity research about product-supplementary services as a direction of enhancing-profit.


Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States, and its prevalence is increasing throughout the world due to the emerging epidemic of the metabolic syndrome, also known as the insulin resistance syndrome. In the United States, NAFLD currently affects approximately 33% of adults and 10% of children. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of clinical and pathologic conditions ranging from simple steatosis, which overall has a benign and nonprogressive clinical outcome, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the more progressive form of NAFLD, which may progress to cirrhosis and liver failure. The currently available noninvasive assays lack sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of NAFLD; therefore, liver histology remains central to the diagnosis of this disease. The combination of rising incidence and lack of noninvasive diagnostic modalities ensures that pathologists will increasingly encounter liver biopsies for diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH. Additionally, liver biopsies for grading and staging of NASH will be increasingly important to assess the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions that seek to fill the void of a standardized and effective therapeutic approach to this disease. Finally, NAFLD/NASH may be seen as a concomitant lesion along with other liver diseases. Clinical Presentation NAFLD, which represents the entire spectrum of metabolic fatty liver diseases,1–4 is probably the most common form of chronic liver disease.1 It is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic or insulin resistance syndrome.5 A host of clinical presentations of the metabolic syndrome such as truncal (central) obesity, hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia as characterized by low high-density lipoproteins and high low-density lipoproteins are also the best known risk factors for NAFLD.2,6,7 It is estimated that up to 20% to 30% of American adults have NAFLD7 and that up to 10% of these individuals (2% to 3% of the adult population) may also meet current diagnostic criteria for the progressive lesion, NASH. There is also an emerging epidemic of fatty liver worldwide due to the globally increased prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes.8 Fatigue, right upper quadrant pain, and hepatomegaly are the most common symptoms and signs in patients with NAFLD. Increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are the main laboratory abnormalities in patients with NAFLD, and these levels tend to be higher in patients with NASH. However, these values typically fluctuate and may be normal at times, even in patients with NASH. Serum glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase are usually mildly elevated in patients with NAFLD; nevertheless, they are not useful in the diagnosis of NASH.9


Any new synthesized semiconductor nanoparticles or quantum dots (QDs) require to be examined under different conditions using laser pulses of variable energies, wavelengths and durations to understand the nonlinear optical mechanisms and distinguish their attractive properties for practical applications. Among various QDs the metal sulfides took special attention due to their advanced nonlinear optical properties. Additionally, laser ablation can readily produce plasmas containing QDs that could be used for different applications. One of them is that they can be used as emitters for harmonic generation from ultrashort laser pulses. Here we review recent studies of different low- and high-order optical nonlinearities of metal sulfide QDs, such as optical limiting, two-photon, saturable and reverse saturable types of nonlinear absorption, nonlinear refraction, and generation of high-order harmonics in extreme ultraviolet range.


We compared serum interleukin-6 levels in 65 patients with adrenal tumors and 32 practically normal donors (control group). Mean serum inteleukin-6 concentration in adrenal tumor cases was significantly higher than in the control. There was no relationship between interleukin-6 levels and patients' gender, a-e or disease duration. Interleukin-6 levels were the highest in cancer of adrenal cortex. Interleukin-6 levels were not related to disease stage. Patients with cortisol-producing adenomas presented with inverse relationship between serum interleukin-6 and cortisol levels. Cases with aldosterone-producing adenomas demonstrated an inverse relation trend between interleukin-6 and plasma renin activity. The paper discusses the role of interleukin-6 in renal tumor pathogenesis and functional activity regulation.


Operation of lithium‐based batteries at low temperatures (<0 °C) is challenging due to transport limitations as well as sluggish Li+ kinetics at the electrode interface. The complicated relationships among desolvation, charge transfer, and transport through the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at low temperatures are not well understood, hindering electrolyte development. Here, an ether/hydrofluoroether and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)‐based ternary solvent electrolyte is developed to improve Li cycling at low temperatures (Coulombic efficiency of 93.3% at ‐40 °C), and the influence of the local solvation structure on interfacial Li+ kinetics and SEI chemistry is further revealed. The hydrofluoroether cosolvent allows for modulation of the solvation structure, thereby enabling facile Li+ desolvation while forming an inorganic‐rich SEI, which are both beneficial for lowering Li+ kinetic barriers at the interface. This cosolvent also increases the oxidative stability of the electrolyte to over 4.0 V versus Li/Li+, thereby enabling cycling of NMC‐based full cells at −40 °C. This study advances the understanding of the influence of Li+ solvation structure, SEI chemistry, and interfacial Li+ kinetics on Li electrochemistry at low temperatures, providing new design considerations for creating effective low‐temperature electrolyte systems.


The present study aims to improve shape of the evaporator tubes of the evaporator in a VCR test rig. In the existing VCR refrigerator circular cross-section of the evaporator tubes are used to form the evaporator coil of the refrigerator. In the present work ,change in the geometry of the evaporator tube are studied , where in the cross-section of tube is varied form namely circular geometry (round) ,circular with V-shape notch, circular with Square shape notch and circular with U-shape notch profiles are studied and CoP of setup is experimentally investigated. Our result shows that the CoP of evaporator coil having geometry of round with V-notch and round with U- notch is higher than CoP. of the plain coil and the CoP of the evaporator coil having geometry round with square shape notch is lower than CoP of the round tube evaporator. From experimental investigation it is found out that the maximum CoP achieved by the plain tube coil is 1.74 and by U- notched evaporator profile it is 1.99. Hence, we can conclude that, evaporator having geometry round with U shape notch evaporator coil is most effective out of the four profiles studied.


Cross frames are critical bracing elements for the stability of steel bridge systems. They help plate girders in resisting lateral torsional buckling and contribute to live load distribution. In curved bridges, cross frames serve as the primary structural members in resisting torsion generated by the eccentric loads. Therefore, accurately estimating the stiffness and strength of cross frames is important in bridge design. A Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) sponsored research project at the University of Texas at Austin is focused on improving the behavior of steel bridge cross frames. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of a single diagonal tubular cross frame system in stabilizing plate girder structures. However, the stiffness and ultimate strength of this type of cross frame has not been thoroughly characterized. Also, connection details have not been considered. This paper documents the results of a study on the torsional stiffness of full size cross frame systems. Both conventional and newly proposed designs are being tested to establish the actual torsional stiffness of the cross frames. Furthermore, a comparison is made using different computer models to evaluate the stiffness.


The marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain NC201 has shown probiotic potential in Litopenaeus stylirostris rearing. In this study, the complete genome of NC201 was sequenced. This genome consists of a chromosome (4.13 Mb) and a chromid (1.24 Mb). The genome contains gene clusters coding for antibacterial peptides and secondary metabolites. ABSTRACT The marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain NC201 has shown probiotic potential in Litopenaeus stylirostris rearing. In this study, the complete genome of NC201 was sequenced. This genome consists of a chromosome (4.13 Mb) and a chromid (1.24 Mb). The genome contains gene clusters coding for antibacterial peptides and secondary metabolites.


I'd like to thank Carol Klingensmith for selecting to recognize me tonight. There are so many wonderful members that should be standing up here that I know the task was difficult. Carol comes from a line of amazing President's of this Academy that I have served with during my term as Editor. She will always be special in my heart. During her term as President, we lost our great Mentor, Dr. Tucker. Carol has served the Academy with grace and compassion during such a difficult time. She honors us all.


This study models maximum temperatures in Switzerland monitored in twelve locations using the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. The parameters of the GEV distribution are determined within a Bayesian framework. We find that the parameters of the underlying distribution underwent a substantial change in the beginning of the 1980s. This change is characterised by an increase both in the level and the variability. We assess the likelihood of a heat wave of the Summer of 2003 using the fitted GEV distribution by accounting for the presence of a structural break. The estimation results do suggest that the heat wave of 2003 appears not that statistically improbable event as it is generally accepted in the relevant literature.


An optimized method to calculate error correction capability of tool influence function (TIF) in certain polishing conditions will be proposed based on smoothing spectral function. The basic mathematical model for this method will be established in theory. A set of polishing experimental data with rigid conformal tool is used to validate the optimized method. The calculated results can quantitatively indicate error correction capability of TIF for different spatial frequency errors in certain polishing conditions. The comparative analysis with previous method shows that the optimized method is simpler in form and can get the same accuracy results with less calculating time in contrast to previous method.


Static Design Point Models Several computer models were created to help design the prototype engine and analyze its operating behavior over a range of steady state and dynamic operating conditions. Sets of key operating parameters, called design point models, were used to simulate the operating behavior of the engine. These parameters included pressures and temperatures at key points in the cycle, air mass flow rates, spool rotational speeds, and component efficiencies of the compressor, turbine, gearbox, and generator. In total, we used 23 independent design parameters and an equal number of nonlinear equations to define the relationship of the parameters with respect to each other. A feasible design solution is one in which all equations are satisfied with a set of key parameter values.


In this paper, we propose a formalization of contradicting source quantities and boundary values in quasi-static electromagnetic boundary value problems (BVPs). The question is recast in terms of relative homology, and a procedure for systematic contradiction detection is proposed