Universities and colleges is hit by public security in thought political and theoretical subject teaching job, should persist in taking that ideal belief educates as core, is take casting faithful police soul as foundation, emphasizing the faithful education being loyal to our Party, being loyal to one's country, being loyal to the people, being loyal to a law, is take ideological and ethical building as basis, is take college student all-round development as target, the ideological and political education making great efforts to be ready for a college student works, is that the country trains politics upper public security professional personnel both loyal and trustworthy.


Equestrian sport underwent significant changes in Sweden during the twentieth century, from being connected to men and the army to being associated with women and leisure activities. Previous research has shown that a stable culture with masculine military norms still exists in spite of these changes. The purpose of this study is to explore why these norms continue to influence Swedish equestrian sport. Institutional economic theory and gender theory are used to explain continuity and change in stable culture. The source material consists of interviews and document analysis. An important finding is that military norms have been reproduced in the education of the riding instructors.


A physically-based distributed hydrological and sediment transport model was developed through a combination of distributed hydrological component and soil erosion/sediment transport component,and it was applied to the Xiejiawan watershed in the central Sichuan hilly areas.It generalizes the watershed into a system of hillslopes and river channels based on DEM,and uses mathematical equations to model the hydrological and sediment processes,such as rainfall,interception,evapotranspiration,infiltration,surface runoff,subsurface flow,groundwater,erosion and sediment transport in the hillslope module,and flow convergence and sediment transport in the river channels module.Calibration and validation using the watershed data show that the hydrological component has good accuracy and the component of soil erosion and sediment transport performs well.Sensitivity of the hydrological component has been tested.Saturated hydraulic conductivity is a sensitive parameter,vegetation interception has little influence,and antecedent soil water content affects subsurface flow.


Objectives: The objective is to find the effect of conventional training, specific intrinsic and extrinsic muscle training and compare the effect of both on quality of hand functions in stroke subjects. Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 34 subjects after obtaining ethical clearance. The subjects were equally divided into Group A and Group B. Conventional treatment was given to both the groups as a baseline treatment and Group B was given intrinsic and extrinsic muscle training. Results: Pre-training there was no statistical significant difference seen for Chedoke arm and Hand activity Inventory and Jebsen's Hand Function test. while post training the results between the two groups showed significant difference for Chedoke arm and Hand activity Inventory and extremely significant difference for Jebsen's Hand Function test. Conclusion: Conventional training was effective in achieving gross motor skills but specific intrinsic and extrinsic muscle training significantly improved overall hand functions thus improving quality of hand functions in stroke patients.


Legal compliance is increasingly becoming digital, and that is a fact. In shaping its digital future, in the past years, the European Union has been proposing one legal reform after another, such as the Digital Services Act package or the AI Act. A common thread in these developments is the policy reflection on not only how to update or make new rules for digital markets but also how to enforce them effectively. This has already been reflected in earlier instruments such as the Consumer Protection Cooperation Regulation or the Digital Market Surveillance Regulation. Although necessary for checking legal compliance, resulting digital enforcement practices need fast innovations from an interdisciplinary scientific space, (e.g., law/computer science/behavioral sciences) which is in its infancy. The pursuit of developing "tools" that can monitor market actors or detect harmful behaviors requires, at a minimum, clear legal interpretations, the translation of these interpretations into computer science tasks, and the ranking of harms affecting consumer behavior. This gap and the surrounding pace at which demands for filling it increases, create some interesting questions relating to the ethical and legitimacy limits of digital market surveillance. In this position paper, we firstly explore definitional frameworks for surveillance on digital markets and digital enforcement and subsequently propose a practical taxonomy for the types of digital compliance activities which may be undertaken by designated authorities in the European Union as a result of recent enforcement regulation, particularly in relation to consumer protection and competition authorities. In this section, we look at the new CPC Regulation and address some of the issues relating to its application to the digital economy. In the third section, we critically reflect upon the dangers of privatizing legal enforcement and briefly address some potential solutions. The fourth section concludes.


When I say he is a carrier, I'm not discussing the transmission of exotic diseases, which isn't to say he doesn't have any of those for he's been on 'Far East' assignments ever since the trouble started in Indo-China, or so it seems. Pigeons, of course, are known to fly, and so is this one. The bolts are rattling in the panelling between the cabin and the cockpit, and the framed warning: trafficking in opium is an offense swings to and fro as the engine picks up revs...


The test method for AC sampling equipment is presented,and the novel test method which uses the middle- ware technique such as common information model(CIM),the extensible markup language(XML),and the com- mon interface specification(CIS)is illuminated.


A water-developable sugar-based negative resist material was developed. This material enables the use of pure water in the development process of electron beam (EB) green lithography instead of conventionally used aqueous alkaline developers and organic solvents. The sugar-based negative resist material was developed by replacing the hydroxyl groups in alpha-linked disaccharides with EB-sensitive 2-methacryloyloxyethyl groups. The sugar-based negative resist material features highly efficient crosslinking and low film thickness shrinkage under EB irradiation. It is demonstrated to be applicable to green lithography with a 100– 500 nm line-and-space pattern and an EB exposure dose of 18 μC/cm^2.


p-nitrophenoxypropanoic acid was synthesized from p-nitrophenol and 3-bromopropanoic acid.The influences of molar ratio,reaction temperature and quality concentration of alkaline were investigated,which is as follows:molar ratio for p-nitrophenol,sodium hydrate and 3-bromopropanoic acid is 1∶1∶1.2,reaction temperature is 60℃,mass concentration of sodium hydrate is 7%,the yield reaches 63%.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify two ways of conceptualizing cellular automata (CA) systems: a utility-focussed approach focussed on modeling, simulation and prediction as typically found in science-based disciplines, and a second, exploration and speculation-focussed approach typically found in design-related contexts. These two approaches to CA are linked to first-order cybernetics and second-order cybernetics, respectively. Design/methodology/approach – The author illustrate and support the argument made by showing in a review of earlier work as well as three case studies of CA use in architectural design work how linear, science-based "first-order CA" cannot adequately support design processes. In such contexts, CA are typically adapted to allow for circular, conversational processes and to take involved observers into account. Findings – The analysis of the three case studies shows that design-oriented approaches to CA aimed at generating novelty require "second-order CA" – CA that ...


Geometry Optimization plays an important role concerning to design tasks in mechanical engineering. For those we are studying sheet metal products like cable conduits. We formulate a nonlinear, continuous optimization problem to find an optimal geometry for such a sheet metal product. The goal is to find from a given topology the optimal geometry parameters concerning to the minimal bending of a cable conduit, spanning a huge distance. Hereby a lot of constraints, like given sizes of cross‐section areas of the chambers, given quantity of sheet metal, and so on have to be fullfilled. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In this paper, an optimized central pattern generator (CPG) network is proposed for humanoid walking control. The CPG controller targets three joints (hip, knee and ankle) of each leg including 4 degrees of freedom (DOFs). The connections for CPG units of related joints are simplified and optimized hierarchically. The total number of CPG parameters is greatly decreased in this way. Moreover, the genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to acquire the optimal parameters in batch and the complexity of the algorithm is decreased greatly. Finally, the proposed CPG controller is applied to the straight and circular walking on a commercial humanoid robot NAO, both in simulations and practices.


Abstract : The theoretical and experimental research on the active nonlinear optical processes in the microparticle composites and conjugated polymers were investigated. The experimental studies focused on the transient effects in the phase conjugation and coherent beam combination using picosecond pulses. The theoretical studies emphasized the physical mechanisms of the nonlinear properties of the metallic microparticle composites and the conjugated polymers. Solid-state nonlocal continuum for the nonlinear electrodynamics of the microparticle composites was developed. A semiclassical lattice-dynamic theory was derived to predict the large nonresonant optical nonlinearity below the bandgap for one-dimensional conjugated polymers. This effort concentrated on the electronic nonlinearity of the microparticle composites and the conjugated polymers. The electronic nonlinearity is the most significant contribution for the picosecond pulse applications, which are useful in the high bit-rate transmission and communication.


An auditory perception model for noise-robust speech feature extraction is presented. The model assumes continuous-time filtering and rectification, amenable to real-time, low-power analog VLSI implementation. A 3 mm/spl times/3 mm CMOS chip in 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology implements the general form of the model with digitally programmable filter parameters. Experiments on the TI-DIGIT database demonstrate consistent robustness of the new features to noise of various statistics, yielding significant improvements in digit recognition accuracy over models identically trained using Mel-scale frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features.


Summary The agronomic and physiological characteristics of fruit were compared between two lines of 'Micro Tom' tomato which differed in their fruit cuticle chemistry. A wild-type (WT) and a mutant line (lecer6) deficient in β-ketoacyl-CoenzymeA synthase (LeCER6), an enzyme involved in cuticular wax synthesis, were studied. The lecer6 line showed significantly lower levels of wax aliphatics and higher levels of terpenoids. Lecer6 fruit also had lower levels of cutin monomers than WT fruit. The agronomic characteristics of fruit from the mutant line were generally different from WT fruit. Osmotic values and dry weight percentages (% DW) were higher than in WT fruit. These findings can be explained by the higher water permeance of the lecer6 fruit cuticle, resulting in a higher rate of cuticular transpiration. Fruit from lecer6 plants were not as firm as WT fruit, which may also have resulted from excessive water loss through the cuticle. Higher rates of water loss in lecer6 fruit did not seem to be related to changes in cuticle thickness. The biomechanical properties of the cuticle also differed between the two tomato lines. Transient creep tests of isolated cuticles were used to generate stress-strain curves for the fruit cuticles of each line. At the immature (green) stage of development, cuticles of WT fruit were more elastic than those of lecer6 fruit, as shown by a lower elastic modulus. However, at the mature (red) stage of development, WT fruit cuticles had become more rigid, and no differences were apparent between the two lines. These data show that a single gene mutation for fruit cuticular wax synthesis has a pleiotropic effect on many important agronomic and physiological attributes.


The dominant meaning of voluntary death in Japan seems to be that of the suppression of self through altruism towards or reproach of the group. Thus it is the psychology and the particular past of the individual than his feeling of belonging to the group which determines the circumstances from which the suicide is motivated. This will always be some kind of breaking of the vital bond uniting the individual to the group (dependence, obligation), which will make life unbearable for him and which will make him seek in voluntary death the most honorable way out.


Taking current biological model as an example,the life-effects on environmental elements and stable isotopes and their change tendencies of different times are discussed by a comparison of element contents and isotope compositions of the second layer of in-situ-buried brachiopoda Rhynchospirifer and their host rocks from different strata of the Givetian Period, Middle Devonian,Liujing section.The coeval life-effects on the environmental elements are discussed by a comparison of element contents of the second layer of in-situ-buried brachiopoda Rhynchospirifer and Stringocephalus and their host rocks from the same life environment.Responding to the changes of environmental elements,the Rhynchospirifer had different changes for different elements.This is because that,on the one hand,it had different ecological amplitudes and endurances for different elements,on the other hand,with the time span from the Lower varcus to the Middle varcus,its in-genus evolution had some consequence to its in-genus specific selectivities.Rhynchospirifer and Stringocephalus kept a higher in-genus effective and specific selectivities on their narrow endurancing elements such as Al,K,Sc,Co.Their specific selectivities were limited or some times overlapped by effective principle and abundance effect to the moderate physiological effective and endurancing elements such as Mn,P,Ni,Cu.For the wide ecological amplitude elements such as V,Cr,Sr,Pb,the in-genus specific selectivities were weak.Parts of the ecological amplitudes were overlapped and contents of certain elements such as Mg,Na,As,Pb were even higher than those of the same genus when the two coeval genus shared the same living environment by the way of two nearby niches.Theδ 13 C andδ 18 O of the second layer of Rhynchospirifer kept good consistence to their host rocks respectively,showing that there was no life effect on theδ 13 C andδ 18 O of their living environment.


ABSTRACT Securing good results from a retail power contract is more than merely receiving a good price. Depending on a customer's leverage and his awareness of the purchasing process, a variety of other options may be pursued that could improve the bottom line. Ways to do so are reviewed, including some with immediate financial benefit and others that could provide future value were a contract to be renewed or extended. Among the items covered are: use of the customer's name, renewal bonus, size/duration of contract, "swing" allowance and penalties, share of available incentives, account "splitting" and/or triage, and use of interval data. Issues that could impact a customer's price and term leverage are also reviewed, including credit, metering, acceptance of price volatility, load factor/profile, energy services "hunting license," cross-marketing potential, load curtailability, use of reverse auctions, and prior experience with the vendor. Many of the items covered are taken from the author's online pow...


High resolution MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) channel estimation is considered. In the double-direction channel model the channel impulse response is described as a superposition of contributions from various discrete propagation paths, each of which characterized by its direction-of-departure at the Tx, direction of arrival at the Rx, the time delays of arrival and Doppler frequency. With exact knowledge of the sounding sequence the estimation problem reduces to a multi-dimensional harmonic retrieval problem. In this paper a tree-structured estimation scheme is proposed. Exploiting the rich multidimensional structure of the estimation problem allows to separate the unknown parameters. The harmonics along the various axis are efficiently estimated from the roots of the associated RARE-(RAnk Reduction Estimator) polynomials. The new algorithm enjoys simple implementation, high estimation accuracy, comparably mild uniqueness conditions and an automatic association of the parameter estimates. Simulation results using simulated and measured data recorded from a channel sounder illustrate the performance of the algorithm.


The study examined the ecological model by testing the direct and indirect effects of four maltreatment dimensions (supervisory neglect, age at onset, recurrence, and severity) on persistent youth offending. A path model was constructed hypothesizing that maltreatment, family functioning, and community risks would increase behavior and academic problems in childhood and delinquency in adolescence. The design featured within-group analysis that included methodological and statistical controls determining how variations in maltreatment affect delinquent behavior among maltreated children. Supervisory neglect produced direct and indirect effects. Maltreatment severity produced direct effects only. Family functioning and community risks produced indirect effects. The results support the ecological explanation of the maltreatment/delinquency link. The key implication of the study is that accurate and early identification of maltreatment, coupled with interventions that improve parental discipline and supervision, will reduce persistent youth offending while also mediating the effects of other risk factors.


This paper takes a generative learning perspective to study the pedagogical benefits of employing simulated virtual learning environments to replicate real world business decision making. Simulated business games have been growing in importance on many business programmes over the last twenty years, and the increase in online delivery due the Covid 19 pandemic has heightened the focus on this type of virtual delivery. As members of a management students take part in running a simulated business gaining real management experience. Students make weekly strategic decisions for their company, market results are then released for the company each week and the students need to react. The students compete against each other bringing a real element of competition to the experience. This investigation focuses on the student's perspective of their learning experience through a generative learning analysis of their individual reflections. The findings highlight the development of crucial management skills in the areas of analysis, teamwork, presentations and decision making. The main contribution of the paper is the confirmation of a generative learning cycle between course content, engagement in the simulation and skills development. These findings provide a framework for educators integrating a simulation of this type into their programmes.


Lithostathine, also known as pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein or regenerating protein, is a glycoprotein which is normally found in the exocrine pancreas, whereas in other tissues it appears either only under pathological conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (brain), cancer (colon) or during regeneration (endocrine pancreas). In the latter case, it has been shown recently that it acts as a growth factor which stimulates islet regeneration. Little is known about its glycan moiety, which conceivably might be involved in this tissue specificity and pathophysiological characteristics. Therefore we isolated the major oligosaccharide chains of human pancreatic lithostathine and determined their sequences by means of NMR analysis. We obtained eleven different glycoforms and we were able to determine the sequence of seven of them. They all were from the same site of glycosylation (Thr5) and displayed the same core 2 structure: GlcNAc(β1–6)[Gal(β1–3)]GalNAcα-. They ranged in size from 4 to 9 sugar residues. Elongation was found to proceed from a common tetrasaccharidic core: Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–6)[Gal(β1–3)]GalNAc-ol through N-acetyllactosamine units. The non-reducing ends of some oligosaccharides carry the antigenic determinant H, with presence of external Fuc linked only in (α1–2) to Gal. All the glycans, except one, carry a sialic acid in (α2–3) linkage to Gal, with one disialylated form which displays a supplementary (α2–6) linkage. These findings are consistent with the polymorphism of the protein, shown by means of SDS gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, either in its native form or after enzymic processing. Moreover, sialylation seems to protect to some extent the Arg11-Ile12 bond from in situ hydrolysis, thus preventing the harmful precipitation of the C-terminal polypeptide in the pancreatic ducts.


Background. In recent years Cognitive Diagnostic Models (CDMs) have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers in a variety of educational fields. However, they have not been taken into consideration in Translation Quality Assessment (TQA), in the aims of presenting fine-grained information about the strengths and weaknesses of translation students.
Purpose. The present study compares the ACDM, DINO, DINA, HO-DINA, and G-DINA models, in order to define the strengths and weaknesses of Iranian translation students and to examine whether the required translation attributes are compensatory, non-compensatory, additive, or hierarchical.
Methods. 200 BA translation students translated a two-English-text translation, which  was scored by three experienced translation raters using the Translation Quality Assessment Rubric (TQAR). The professional translators, established the relationships between the TQAR items and the nine proposed target translation attributes by constructing a Q-matrix.
Results. Based on the results, HO-DINA can be considered the best-fitting model. Bibliography and technical skills, together with work methodology skills, are shown to be the most difficult attributes for translation students.
Conclusion. HO-DINA is a non-compensatory model, thus the study findings assert that for a correct response to a test item, all measurable attributes need to be mastered.


Modelling the sound levels in the water column due to pile driving operations nearby and out to large distances from the pile is crucial in assessing the likely impact on marine life. Standard numerical techniques for modelling the sound radiation from mechanical structures such as the finite element (FE) and boundary element method are not well suited to predict the sound field efficiently at large ranges. Models better suited for prediction of sound propagation in waveguides over large distances, such as wavenumber integration and ray tracing, require careful attention in order to capture the source characteristics of a complex source such as a pile radiating from both water and sediment. To circumvent these issues, a new hybrid model is proposed using a local FE model that accurately captures the source characteristics of the pile which is coupled to a normal mode based model for efficient evaluation of the sound propagation over large distances in a range dependent environment. The model is validated using the well-known solution for a point source in a Pekeris wave guide. Results are shown for a generic pile driving scenario that was used in the international benchmarking workshop COMPILE for underwater pile driving models.


Energy relations of a population of black scallop Chlamys varia (L.) in Lanveoc (Bay of Brest, France) were studied from 1976 to 1978. The population had a production of 538.52 Kcall00 mu' and of 497.10 Kcal 100 m"' during the years 1976 to 77 and 1977 to 78, respectively; it assimilated 5773.21 Kcal 100 m-' during the first year and 4561.21 Kcal 100 m"' during the second year of this study. Net production efficiency of black scallops (9 to 12 %) was very low compared to that of other bivalve populations reported so far. Average annual biomass of the population studied was 1252.59 Kcal 100 m-2 and 956.06 Kcal during the 2 yr period of study. Considerable energy was eliminated by the population due to mortality (natural and fishing mortality): 1017.42 Kcall00 m2 and 939.51 Kcal 100 m2 during the first and second second year, respectively. Average P:B ratios were 0.43 and 0.52 during the 2 yr.


The digital terrestrial television multimedia broadcasting - advanced (DTMB-A) system demands an accurate and reliable spectrum sensing method for its implementation. In this paper, an effective method based on weighted autocorrelation of the frame headers is proposed for single-node spectrum sensing in DTMB-A. The decision threshold, lower bounds and miss detection rate of the proposed method are researched in detail. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method shows better sensing accuracy and robustness compared with the existing methods under various channels, while the cost of its higher complexity is acceptable. Furthermore, by using piecewise-weighted information fusion, the proposed method is extended into cooperative spectrum sensing to overcome the problems of shading and hidden terminals in networking. Our work ensures the efficiency of spectrum sensing and contributes to the better use of DTMB-A system in future applications.


This article is dedicated to the main characteristics of severe bronchial asthma (SBA) and its heterogeneity. In particular, it describes T2 asthma and the role of the main cytokines involved in T2 inflammation. It focuses on the role of IL-4 and IL-13 in the pathogenesis of asthma and other T2-associated diseases, as key cytokines in the initiation and maintenance of T2 inflammation. The article presents the results of experimental studies proving that the activation of IL-4/IL-13 can cause significant hyperresponsiveness of the human airway smooth muscles and the combined blockade of the activity of these cytokines using a human monoclonal antibody against the common IL-4/13 receptor-subunit-dupilumab-determines the clinical efficacy not only in relation to exacerbations and control of asthma symptoms, but also an improvement of the lung function and a reduction in bronchial hyperresponsiveness. When type 2 helper cells (Th2) interact with antigen-presenting cells, IL-4 and IL-13 are simultaneously released, therefore, blocking IL-4Ris more effective than blocking each of the ligands separately, which explains the high efficacy of dupilumab not only in T2 asthma, but also other T2-associated diseases: atopic dermatitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. In addition to asthma and atopic dermatitis, a new indication for dupilumab, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, has recently been approved.
According to the recommendations of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) for the biological therapy of SBA 2020, dupilumab is recommended as an add-on maintenance therapy in adults and children aged 1217 years old with uncontrolled severe T2 asthma, including asthma with the allergic and eosinophilic phenotype, as well as mixed (when there are signs of both phenotypes) and steroid-dependent asthma. At the same time, dupilumab is well tolerated.


This paper introduces a methodology for generating digital resistance-map that can be utilized in an MR-Damper based robotic rehabilitation. Typically, in rehabilitation procedures, patients are getting involved in the recovery process of gradually training weak and damaged muscles by constraining motion in repetitive exercises. The whole purpose of robotic rehabilitation is to restrict body organ motion to the one prescribed by the therapist at the initial steps of treatment to avoid further damages to other weak muscles while focusing on recovering a particular muscle. MR-Dampers are semi-active actuators that can potentially be employed for this application. These dampers can be activated to produce high resistance to motion, and a platform that contains sufficient number of them can be manipulated to create regions of different resistance against motion. To apply this to the robotic rehabilitation, the motion recommended by the therapist should be converted to the resistance-maps that can be used by MR-Damper for implementation. To accomplish that, procedure of generating the digital resistance map is introduced and several digital resistance-maps are created. An MR-damper control methodology is also developed to activate the dampers. This controller relies on the accurate modeling of the MR-Damper. Bouc-Wen model is used for MR-Damper modeling. A 3-D platform containing three linear MR-Dampers is modeled using SimMechanics. 1-D and 2-D models are used to develop the idea and build up 3-D model. Several simulations are carried out to investigate the performance of the systems in generating the prescribed digital resistance-maps. The promising results of the simulations indicate that the method can be adopted for robotic rehabilitation purposes.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Abstract:In this article I endeavour to demonstrate how a number of works by like-minded mid-twentieth-century radio practitioners (Robert Pinget's La Manivelle, Samuel Beckett's Embers, Harold Pinter's A Slight Ache, and Tom Stoppard's Artist Descending a Staircase) thematize old age the better to exploit (or perhaps even parody) radio's perceived unique ability to foster epistemological scepticism and to enable the conceptualization of fantasies of non-embodiment. I argue that these works do not seek to establish an aural aesthetics of non-embodiment but instead remain explorations of (im)possibilities which are never even fully articulated, much less hankered after or dismissed offhand.


Coptic Chinensis is a Chinese medicinal herb, with the functions of clearing heat and purging fire, removing dampness, relieving internal fever, fighting a wide range of bacteria, and reducing blood sugar. The main active ingredients in coptis chinensis, such as berberine, coptisine, methyl berberrubine, alkaloids, belong to alkaloids natural pigments. Therefore, coptis chinensis is also a natural dyestuff. Dyeing the natural bamboo fiber with coptis chinensis extract, not only ensures the quality of pure natural bamboo fiber, but also improves the added value of the products, bring bamboo fiber the function of health care, as well as comfortable and safeness for wearing.


Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are released from neutrophils following activation by pathogens and/or tissue injury and exhibit anti-microbial activity. Uncontrolled formation of NETs can, however, become pathogenic, particularly via their associated histones, and induce endothelial cell death, systemic vascular obstruction, multiple organ failure and initiate coagulation by both activating platelets and damaging erythrocytes such that they become pro-thrombotic.

 Recently we discovered an additional effect of histones on erythrocyte, which is to enhance their fragility when they are subjected to shear stress associated with blood flow through the vascular system and spleen in particular. Our laboratory has synthesised a family of small polyanions (SPAs) which have been screened for their ability to neutralise the pathogenic effects of histones and NETs.

 We have used a novel mechanically-induced shear stress method as well as an in vitro spleen filtration model to investigate the effects of mammalian histones ± SPAs, on RBC fragility. The in vitro findings were mirrored in vivo with the injection of histones and SPAs in mice.

 Our results revealed that free histones bind to erythrocytes with high affinity and render erythrocytes susceptible to lysis by shear stress in a dose-dependent manner and some SPAs could totally inhibit or reverse this phenomenon.

 Based on these data we propose that erythrocytes can neutralise the damaging effects of histones in the circulation and also transport them to the spleen for disposal. Overload of this disposal system could cause the unexplained anaemia associated with sepsis, cancer and other pathological conditions.


This work reports the preparation of a 9-hydroxyrisperidone amperometric biosensor using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with reduced graphene oxide wrapped hierarchical TiO 2 (RGO-TiO 2 ) nanohybrid. In addition, the electro catalytic behaviour of the biosensor to the oxidisation of 9-hydroxyrisperidone was studied using amperometric and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The low oxidation potential and enhanced current response of the RGO-TiO 2 modified GCE resulted from the synergistic effects of TiO 2 and RGO. For the analysis of the 9-hydroxyrisperidone, the developed biosensor has a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.52 ng/mL and a wide linear detection range of 1 to 1500 ng/mL. Therefore, our developed biosensor had the potential for use in the practical detection of 9-hydroxyrisperidone in human blood plasma specimens.


State law trumped federal law when a court in Massachusetts determined how to interpret a state agency's use of a terminate for convenience clause.


The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the role of leisure studies in social change analysis and in comparative sociology studies. In the first part of the paper, we briefly review the main definitions of leisure time. Then we focus on methodological problems related to comparative analysis on leisure time use. In the second part, we compare the structure of leisure time in different european countries studying some analogies and differences among them. Eurostat data constitute the empirical basis of this comparative analysis. In the third part, we underline that counting «who does something», «how often people do something», «in which period of the day, of the week, of the month or of the year people do something» and «how much time people spend to do something» just isn't enough for studying leisure time. Therefore, new questions should be asked: what does leisure mean in individual experiences? And how does leisure time become «institutionalized» in shared social practices? Then, an appropriate method is proposed to answer these questions.


The stratigraphy and structure of the old, starved passive margin of the Mazagan Plateau and the adjacent Escarpment which extends from 1,000-3,000 m water depth was studied during the cofinanced French-German CYAMAZ deep diving campaign which obtained 130 in-situ samples, supplemented by direct sea floor observations during 18 dive traverses. The facies evolution of the Mazagan carbonate platform between kimmeridgian and Valanginian times was mainly influenced by blockfaulting and sea-level fluctuations. Regressive periods occurred during Kimmeridgia/Tithonian and Late Berriasian times, and are separated by a late Tithonian/early Berriasian transgression. The drowning of the main carbonate platform and the Early Cretaceous to Paleogene history of the hemipelagic to pelagic post-platform sediments was strongly influenced by vertical tectonics and sea level fluctuations. During Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous block-faulting events, migrating in a landward direction, the carbonate platform was structured into a succession of blocks, controlled by old Hercynian faults trending 160 degree or 20 degree (Atlantic direction) or 90-120 degree (Mediterranean direction).


Background: The introduction of several novel agents including immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, and monocloncal antibodies has lead to an improvement in response rates and survival outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma. Despite these recent advances the majority of patients experiences disease relapse and eventually refractory disease. Given the availability of several therapy regimens to choose from, predictive biomarkers are needed to help guide treatment decisions. Methods: We studied 358 patients with newly diagnosed (n = 85) or relapsed / refractory (n = 273) multiple myeloma who were treated on 20 prospective phase I/II and phase II clinical trial protocols between February 2004 and August 2016 at Mayo Clinic. All patients had measurable disease (M-spike ≥ 1 g/dL and involved free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL). All patients had M-spike and free light chain measurements available before and after the first treatment cycle. Response to treatment was evaluated using the International Myeloma Working Group Uniform Response Criteria. The serum parameters of interest were the relative decrease in M-spike and absolute free light chain difference (ΔFLC). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the serum parameters before and after the first treatment cycle. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between the change in serum parameters after the first treatment cycle and best response during the same treatment course. Proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the associations between the change in serum parameters after the first treatment cycle and overall survival. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (33 - 86), 208 patients (58%) were male. The five most common regimens were pomalidomide + dexamethasone, lenalidomide + cyclophosphamide + dexamethasone, single agent ixazomib, ixazomib + cyclophosphamide + dexamethasone, and lenalidomide + dexamethasone. After a median follow-up of 3.1 years (0.1 - 13.3) the median overall survival was 4.3 years (95% CI 3.9 - 4.9). The median baseline M-spike decreased from 2.1 g/dL (0.0 - 7.4) to 1.4 g/dL (0.0 - 7.0) after the first treatment cycle (p Conclusions: Patients with multiple myeloma treated on clinical trial protocols were unlikely to respond to treatment if they did not experience a decrease in M-spike and ΔFLC after the first treatment cycle. Decreases in M-spike and ΔFLC were predictive of response to treatment and were of prognostic significance in this population. These readily available biomarkers may help to guide treatment decisions in patients with multiple myeloma. Disclosures Gertz: Millennium: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene, Novartis, Smith-Kline, Prothena, Ionis, Amgen: Honoraria. Dispenzieri: Celgene, Millenium, Pfizer, Janssen: Research Funding. Russell: Imanis Life Sciences: Equity Ownership; Vyriad: Equity Ownership. Kapoor: Takeda, Celgene and Amgen: Research Funding. Kumar: Skyline: Honoraria; Celgene, Millennium, BMS, Onyx, Janssen, Noxxon, AbbVie, Amgen, Merck, Oncopeptides, Skyline Diagnostics, Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene, Millennium/Takeda, Onyx, AbbVie, Janssen, Sanofi, Novartis, Amgen, Genentech, Merck, Oncopeptides, Roche, Skyline Diagnostics: Research Funding.


David Hall: The importance of apparatus of this kind and the safety of operation so that there will be no breakdown are of such magnitude that each point has to be very carefully considered in the design, and there are a number of points, regarding which I desire to ask some questions.


At the start of the 1980s, Chile pioneered in Latin America the implementation of structural reforms in social insurance pensions and health care that totally or partially privatized such programs and influenced similar changes in the region and else where. The reforms were implemented without a social dialogue, reduced solidarity and social equity and contributed to increase poverty and inequality. In the last 18 years the democratic governments have corrected many original design flaws of the reforms. The article analyzes social inequities in Chile concerning coverage, gender and financing, evaluates how the corrections have improved social equity and identifies the pending challenges.


The paper provides a new all-adjacent fuzzy logic measure-track related algorithm in distributed multi-sensor multi-target tracking system,the algorithm is developed based on FCM.all-adjacent fuzzy logic data related algorithm performs correction to state estimation in preset target state control gate through combining all observation,all-adjacent fuzzy related algorithm referred here makes measurement and track correlation with possibility value.The possibility value is confirmed by FCM algorithm as attaching degree.


Titanium dioxide is prepared by sol-gel method and home-made intermittent photocatalysis reactions devices are used to study the degradation of toluene waste gas.The factors influencing the degradation of toluene are investigated,such as light wavelengths,system relative humidity and oxygen content,toluene initial concentration and so on and the experiments of inactivation and regeneration of photocatalyst are also conducted.The result indicates that,when the light wavelengths is 185 nm,system relative humidity is 45%,oxygen content is 21%,toluene initial concentration is 208 mg/m3,the removal rate of toluene can reach above 97%,the deactivation photocatalyst can be restored to its activity more than 87% in the ultraviolet light 12 hs.


We perform a global autocorrelation analysis of the Auger data with the aim to constrain the number density $n_s$ of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) sources, estimating at the same time the effect of the bias of UHECR sources and of the systematic energy scale uncertainty on $n_s$. The data show no significant small-scale clustering which may be explained by magnetic deflections over scales of a few degrees. The case of continuous, uniformly distributed sources is disfavored at 99% C.L. and the fit improves if the sources follow the large-scale structure of matter in the universe. The observed clustering starts to restrict the potential mechanisms accelerating UHECRs: Gamma-ray bursts as main UHECR sources are disfavored not only by energy considerations, but also because they require pervasive nG extragalactic magnetic fields to be consistent with the observed clustering, while active galactic nuclei fits well the deduced number density and luminosities.


Over the past decade the mitochondrial (mt) genome has become the most widely used genomic resource available for systematic entomology. While the availability of other types of '–omics' data – in particular transcriptomes – is increasing rapidly, mt genomes are still vastly cheaper to sequence and are far less demanding of high quality templates. Furthermore, almost all other '–omics' approaches also sequence the mt genome, and so it can form a bridge between legacy and contemporary datasets. Mitochondrial genomes have now been sequenced for all insect orders, and in many instances representatives of each major lineage within orders (suborders, series or superfamilies depending on the group). They have also been applied to systematic questions at all taxonomic scales from resolving interordinal relationships (e.g. Cameron et al., 2009; Wan et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2012), through many intraordinal (e.g. Dowton et al., 2009; Timmermans et al., 2010; Zhao et al. 2013a) and family-level studies (e.g. Nelson et al., 2012; Zhao et al., 2013b) to population/biogeographic studies (e.g. Ma et al., 2012). Methodological issues around the use of mt genomes in insect phylogenetic analyses and the empirical results found to date have recently been reviewed by Cameron (2014), yet the technical aspects of sequencing and annotating mt genomes were not covered. Most papers which generate new mt genome report their methods in a simplified form which can be difficult to replicate without specific knowledge of the field. Published studies utilize a sufficiently wide range of approaches, usually without justification for the one chosen, that confusion about commonly used jargon such as 'long PCR' and 'primer walking' could be a serious barrier to entry. Furthermore, sequenced mt genomes have been annotated (gene locations defined) to wildly varying standards and improving data quality through consistent annotation procedures will benefit all downstream users of these datasets. The aims of this review are therefore to: 1. Describe in detail the various sequencing methods used on insect mt genomes; 2. Explore the strengths/weakness of different approaches; 3. Outline the procedures and software used for insect mt genome annotation, and; 4. Highlight quality control steps used for new annotations, and to improve the re-annotation of previously sequenced mt genomes used in systematic or comparative research.


PURPOSE: A content download service providing system and a method thereof are provided to shorten a download time by distributing the downloading of requested contents to plural sub clients connected with a single client terminal. CONSTITUTION: A content service server(210) receives a request for a content service from a client terminal(201) through a predetermined channel. The content service server identifies sub client terminals(202, 203, 204) connected with the client terminal. The content service server routes the request contents and a download control signal. The client terminal decodes the transmitted contents by using intrinsic information of surrounding terminals.


It is with great honor and pleasure that I have accepted my appointment as the new Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse (JESA). The journal plays an important role in supporting and engaging interdisciplinary scholarship, where scientists, practitioners and policy experts are given the opportunity to communicate their high quality academic and applied research. JESA represents an intellectual tradition in the field of substance abuse with a particular focus on ethnicity. It serves as a platform for researchers in Africa, Asia, America, Europe, and Australia. With its dedicated editorial board and reviewers, JESA functions as a gatekeeper in maintaining the scholarly standards of the field, and provides experts with an opportunity to the exchange knowledge, contributing to the flourishing of the field. In this issue of JESA, you will find a variety of interesting and thought-provoking articles. Rushovich and colleagues examine how race and economic conditions interact to influence opioid-related overdose deaths. In their study, Yun and Kim investigate the role of gender in alcohol consumption and depression among South Korean older adults. Karyaka and colleagues evaluate the attitudes of patients toward the Alcohol and Drug Research, Treatment and Training Centers in Turkey. Nieri et al. explore how ethnic racialization impacts the relationship between perceived discrimination and substance use among ethnic minority youth. In their research, Pittman and colleagues examine various socio-behavioural determinants of health among African-American college students with a history of substance use. Pinedo et al. investigate barriers to alcohol and drug treatment services and differences in those barriers between Black-American and Caucasian-American subjects with recent substance use disorders. Iudici et al. look at challenges with the admission process in Italian treatment centers. In their paper, Berry and colleagues examine cultural engagement among Aboriginal service users in Australian residential drug and alcohol programs. Florez et al. look at childhood abuse, PTSD, and alcohol https://doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2022.2037194


Abstract Modern jihadist insurgency movements pose a threat to global peace and security. Modern jihadist insurgencies are not necessarily posing new operational challenges, instead it is the ideology and belief systems justifying the use of violence that we need to understand better. The ideology fuelling modern jihadist insurgencies, motivating the fighters, acting as a tool for recruiting and support is the key strength these groups have and the one area we have yet to adequately address. We must work to better understand this ideology and how it is utilised otherwise the threat from violent jihadist movements may continue for a very long time.


Diamagnetism does not exist as a classical phenomenon. Yet many elementary physics texts attempt to give ''insight'' into this subject using purely classical physics. We believe that these approaches mislead rather than help the students. On the other hand, just as semiclassical methods are employed in the chapters on quantum mechanics, these methods may be used to give an acceptable ''explanation'' of diamagnetism.


Background: To compare the ESR values by Vesmatic 20/20 plus new with the conventional Westergren method, aiming to validate the automated methods. Methods: A cross – sectional study was conducted in Government Medical College, Patiala. A total of 100 blood samples were subjected to ESR estimation by manual Westergren method and by automated (Ves – Matic) method. Results were analysed, compared and their correlation was calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There is a strong positive correlation between Westergren method and Vesmatic 20/20 plus new with correlation coefficient 0.99. Conclusion: Ves-matic method (automated) shows good correlation with manual Westergren method and is reliable and suitable for use in high work load clinical laboratory.


An experimental study on the current consumption of timers embedded into microcontrollers is presented in this work. The study is carried out in two commercial microcontrollers (MSP430FR5969 and ATtiny2313) and the experimental results are compared with the scarce data provided in their datasheets. The sensitivity (expressed in µA/MHz) reported in the datasheet seems to be only applicable if the frequency divider of the timer equals one. Otherwise, such a sensitivity is lower but there is a significant offset component, leading to a higher power consumption at the same operating frequency. The knowledge extracted from this work is expected to provide guidelines to better use embedded timers in low-power sensor applications.


A touch electronic device capable of changing operation direction comprises a display screen, a system circuit, a touch pad, an embedded controller and an operation direction changing software, wherein the display screen is used for receiving an output image and displaying a display picture; the system circuit is used for generating the output image; after receiving a directional signal, the system circuit changes the output image, changes the display direction of the display picture and generates a system event; the touch pad is used for being contacted and outputting a touch track so as to be changed into an operation direction; and the embedded controller is used for receiving the touch track so as to generate the operation direction and transmit the operation direction to the system circuit. The operation direction changing software performs on the system circuit and is used for detecting the system event and changing the operation direction of the touch pad, so that the touch direction corresponds to the display picture.


The chemistry of MovI oxides is dominated by complexes containing the cis-dioxomolybdenum(VI) structural units. Many of these complexes have been investigated as epoxidation catalysts and a number of papers have been published on the effect of nitrogen donor ligands. The motivation to study these discrete, homogeneous catalysts in the form of monomeric or dimeric species stemmed from the fact that they are well-defined, single site catalysts, which usually favour high reaction activities and product selectivities. Our research group has investigated the reaction of dichlorodioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with excess water using three distinct heating methods: hydrothermal, reflux or microwave-assisted synthesis. The main challenge was to design and prepare novel heterogeneous MovI catalysts with the same catalytic properties and kinetics usually attained from the homogeneous counterparts. The results led to the isolation of several higher nuclearity oxomolybdenum(VI) compounds, namely the octanuclear complex [Mo8O22(OH)4(di-t-Bu-bipy)4] (di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine),[1] and the polymeric materials {[MoO3(bipy)][MoO3(H2O)]}n (2,2'bipyridine)[2] and {[Mo3O9(pzpy)}n (2-[3(5)-pyrazolyl]pyridine).[3] These compounds where characterized by using solid-state techniques, namely elemental analyses, thermogravimetry, FT-IR, solid-state NMR, electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (both from laboratory and/or synchrotron sources). The catalytic behaviour of the discrete complexes and the polymeric compounds was tested in olefin epoxidation reactions. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal; PTDC/EQUEQU/121677/2010; PTDC/QEQ-SUP/1906/2012; SFRH/BPD/97660/2013; EXPL/CTM-NAN/0013/2013 FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-041282), the European Union, QREN, FEDER, COMPETE, and Associate Laboratory CICECO (PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2013) are gratefully acknowledged for funding.


Herein we report a step-by-step strategy for the organic modification of polyoxovanadates, which is based on a suitable polyoxovanadate platform, and a series of novel functionalized polyoxovanadates can be synthesized conveniently by sequential esterification and amidation reactions.


Diode-pumped acousto-optic Q-switched pulse laser at 1.5–1.6 μm is obtained in an Er:Yb:LuAl3 (BO3)4 crystal. Single-pulse laser operation with slope efficiency of 14% and threshold of approximately 100 mW is realized at an average absorbed pump power of 314 mW and repetition frequency of 20 kHz. Output pulse energy is 67 μJ. The effects of pulse repetition frequency, absorbed pump power, and duty cycle on the wavelength and pulse profile of the Q-switched Er:Yb:LuAl3(BO3)4 laser are also investigated. OCIS codes: 140.3500, 140.3480, 140.3540. doi: 10.3788/COL201210.021403.


The synthesis of 8H-diimidazo[1,5-a:2',1'-c][1,4]benzodiazepine 6, a novel nitrogen-containing tetracyclic ring, is reported starting from 5H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine 7. Reaction of this compound with nitromethane and subsequent reduction of the obtained nitromethyl derivative 8 afforded 11-aminomethyl-10, 11- dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine 9. Treatment of the latter compound with formaldehyde led to 1,2,3,3a-tetrahydro-8H-diimidazo[1,5-a:2',1'-c][1,4]benzodiazepine 10, which was then oxidized to the title compound


Abstract This study set out to investigate the effects of the same amount of resting(30 minutes) after VO 2 max 20%, 40%, and 60% exercise on the variation of cortisol and catecholamine, serum stress hormones. The research efforts led to the following conclusions:First, there were no significant differences in serum cortisol concentration between the VO 2 max 20% group and theVO 2 max 40% group, but there were some significant differences in the significance level of p=.002 in the VO 2 max 60% group.Second, there were no significant differences in serum catecholamine concentration between the VO 2 max 20% groupand the VO 2 max 40% group, but there were some significant differences in the significance level of p=.001 in theVO 2 max 60% group.Third, no significant differences were found in the changing rates of serum cortisol concentration between right afterexercise and during break among different levels of exercise intensity according to measuring time. Fourth, there weresignificant differences in the changing rates of serum catecholamine concentration in the significance level of p=.000right after exercise and in the significance level of p=.034 during break In short, there were significant differencesonly in the VO


Mathematical modelling of epileptic activity of a nervous tissue is an open problem. The previously developed biophysical model Epileptor-2 which describes the excitability of the neural network and the ionic dynamics reproduces ictal (convulsive) and interictal (usually pre-convulsive) discharges as a spatially homogeneous activity. To describe the spatial propagation of the discharges across the cerebral cortex a generalization of the model is proposed, based on an elliptical equation that takes into account the propagation of neuronal impulses via axodendritic trees. Simulated spatio-temporal patterns of extracellular potassium concentration as of the main characteristic of spatial excitability reflect the wave-like nature of the discharge propagation and are comparable with experimental observations. The propagation of neural impulses via axo-dendritic trees may play the main role in the mechanism of propagation of ictal discharges.


Abstract : The aim of this thesis is to introduce the concept of distributed computer systems to the Republic of Turkish Navy for its new computer system. The new computer system is planned to provide data processing facilities to the commands spread over a 20km area at Golcuk, the main navy base. The main elements (networks, operating systems, file servers) of distributed computer systems are explained as well as the concept. The recommended system is a collection of super minis to which a number of personal computes are connected. A design methodology and a pilot model (prototype) are described. Also, this new thesis defines the user requirements for the new computer system. Keywords: Selection; Systems engineering. (Author)


Purpose – Resources allocated to software maintenance constitutes a major portion of the total life cycle cost of a system. The enormous effect that this can have on an organization's ability to react to dynamic environments has been the primary motivation for researchers to study issues related to software maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to take stock of the research conducted in this area in order to identify the intellectual trails embodied in the coherent body of knowledge on software maintenance.Design/methodology/approach – An author co‐citation analysis (ACA) involving authors who have made seminal contributions to the field of software maintenance was performed. The data for the study were obtained from the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI).Findings – The results indicate that most of the software maintenance research has focused on eight areas: Program logic characteristics, Quality of processes/metrics, Effort and productivity issues, Cognitive ...


Clinical case of 62 year old patient complaining of rash on the glans of the penis is reported. It was known from the case history that genital rashes first appeared in spring 2020 in the form of two "red dots" associated with no subjective sensations. During the initial visit to dermatology clinic (in London) in June 2020 no diagnosis was established; antibiotics and application of topical emollient were prescribed. The patient did not take treatment as prescribed. During the repeat visit to dermatologist (in Moscow) lichen planus was diagnosed; application of alclometasone dipropionate cream on the rashes 2 times a day was prescribed. Rashes resolved completely in 10 days with treatment.


The West Virginia Department of Education mandated that each county create an induction program for beginning teachers to begin in the fall of 1991. Although state guidelines suggested certain common elements, each county would set up its own program to meet the need's of teachers in that county. Because a rich source of information for program planning is available from teachers themselves, a needs.assessment survey was taken of 38 beginning teachers in 2 southern counties and of 44 student teachers who had completed student teachi: g assignments in 4 southern counties. Needs were assessed in the areas of instruction, management skills, rules and procedures, interaction skills, and curriculum. Topics of interes. to beginring teachers included motivational techniques, instructional strategies, discipline, guidance, and student self-esteem. Student teachers were most concerned with student self-esteem, instructional strategies, indIvidual differences, stress management, discipline, communications, and motivational techniques. Both groups expressed interest in reading a handbook and attending staff development programs. Induction program planners can use these assessments to create more effective programs that meet the identified needs of new teachers. Higher education institutions can use them to assess classroom teaching and to create collaborative projects with the public schools. Appendixes include the beginning teacher survey, the survey topic results, and the survey activity results. (LL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


Primary care reforms that are perceived by family physicians as threats to professional autonomy and the traditional role of community-based family medicine can lead to reduced satisfaction and perceived value, and can make recruitment and retention difficult.[1][1],[2][2] Over the past 8 years,


The Pacific Southwest Region of the USDA Forest Service manages 20.3 million acres of National Forests lands, primarily within the State of California, 16.5 million of which, or 81 percent, are forested. The hardwood forest types are limited to 1.4 million acres, or 7 percent of the land base. Although this is only a small portion of the forested land base that we manage, oak management represents a number of complex issues involving the balancing of environmental, cultural, and economic concerns. The major hardwood forest types found on National Forest lands in California consist of Canyon Live Oak, Black Oak, Blue Oak, Tanoak/Madrone, and Coast Live Oak. Other types also are found but represent small percentages.


In our effort to develop metal cutting as a high strain rate test, we are interested in mapping the damage distribution over the primary shear zone (PSZ). The approach is to quantify the modulus degradation via nanoindentation and use this as a measure of damage. It is shown that the hardness of the material increases and the modulus degrades as it shears through the PSZ. Introduction There are well established methods for measurement of hardness and modulus of elasticity using nanoindentation tests [1]. It is also widely known that the modulus of elasticity is related to damage [2]. Basaran has studied damage of solder joints under fatigue loading to quantify the reduction in elastic modulus using nanoindentation tests [3]. However there are no previous studies in which nanoindentation has been used to measure damage in high strain rate tests. We use ultra high speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC) for measuring the strain rate in the PSZ in orthogonal metal cutting which is illustrated in Figure 1. The strain rate in the PSZ is between 10 /s and 10 /s, depending on cutting conditions. By comparing FEA results for the strain rate distribution through the PSZ with the experimental values, the parameters of the constitutive model are refined. Since the shear strain in the PSZ is of the order of 200%, damage distribution over the PSZ should be included into the constitutive models to improve its accuracy. However, the PSZ is typically only 10 to 100 μm thick, necessitating the use of nanoindentation to detect the degradation in modulus due to damage. Approach Specimens of the nature shown in Figure 1 were prepared using a linear slide based cutting setup (Figure 2) by stopping the machining midway through a cut. The specimen is mounted and polished for metallurgical examination and nanoindentation. On an AISI 1045 steel specimen, we performed 100 nanoindents each on the workpiece and on the chip (Figure 3). The tests were performed using our Hysitron Ubi1 nanoindenter with a Berkovich indenter at two different loads of 6 mN and 10 mN. Figure 1: Schematic of orthogonal cutting showing the primary shear zone Figure 2: Close-up of the linear machining setup and the microscope which is looking at the tool while the tool is mounted on a three axes dynamometer t1


Railway passenger and public, worker typically have high potential of death and injury accident, as they are to be frequently adjacent to train or train operation. In order to reduce the risks associated with the passenger and public, worker effectively, a systematic risk analysis must be performed to access the hazards that contribute to the accidents. In this study, hazard event are identified for the passenger and public, worker by analysing data from Korea Railroad and Metropolitan Companies that have occurred between the year of 2007 and 2009. The hazard event list produced in this study is expected to be effectively used for the risk assessment of the railway death and injury, A successful risk assessment can be determined by efficiency event composition such as location of event, status of event, type of event, and subject of event.


The influence of ignition timing on CNG combustion process has been presented in this paper. A 1.6 liter SI engine has been tested in the special program. For selected engine operating conditions, following data were acquired: in cylinder pressure, crank angle, fuel mass consumption and exhaust gases temperatures. For the timing advance correction varying between 0 to 15 deg crank angle, the internal temperature of combustion chamber, as well as the charge combustion ratio and ratio of heat release has been estimated. With the help of the mathematical model, emissions of NO, CO and CO2 were additionally estimated. Obtained results made it possible to compare the influence of ignition timing advance on natural gas combustion in the SI engine. The engine torque and in-cylinder pressure were used for determination of the optimum engine timing advance.


The Argonne National Laboratory--East (ANL-E) Health Physics Section provides direct and/or oversight support to various D&D projects at ANL-E. The health physics problems encountered have been challenging, primarily because they involved the potential for high internal exposures as well as actual high external exposures. The lessons learned are applicable to other radiological facilities. A number of D&D projects being conducted concurrently at ANL-E are described. The problems encountered are then categorized, and lessons learned and recommendations are provided. The main focus will be limited to the support and technical assistance provided by personnel from the ANL Health Physics Section during the course of the work activities.


Considering the fact that in the process of socialization the universal elements of culture and sociability together with the influences coming from the immediate social context are sublimated, an occasional examination of value attitudes, as the key drivers or blockers of the social development, is of key importance in terms of observing the direction in which a society moves. As the categories that contain "the conception of desirability", value orientations reflect the present, including its link with the past, on the one hand, revealing the potential to overcome it, which includes the orientation towards the future, on the other hand. In this sense, the profile of value attitudes is a relevant indicator for determining the dominant form of socialization in a society, especially when it comes to researching the values of the younger population. This paper analyzes the results of the research carried out in order to establish the degree of acceptance and preference of the relatively generalized personal value goals of the students of the University of Belgrade in May 2010.The conducted survey mainly confirmed the results of the surveys conducted periodically in the past. Student population shows a significant anemia, orientation to religion, resignation to the future and a low degree of willingness to plan their own lives in the coming times. It is certain that, within the student population, there is a high level of disappointment concerning the overall situation in the country, manifested by their distrust of the key state institutions, including political parties and international and local NGOs. In this situation, they show a decisive turn to themselves: this is the reason the education is highly valued, despite sinecure inflation, this is the reason there is a turn to the family, and the emphasized responsibility to the family and oneself, and finally this is the reason for turning to the church, which mediates "in communication with God", which again brings peace and (self-) isolation. Students are aware of the influence of acute social conditions on their personal and professional achievement. They are not characterized by an increased optimism characteristic of young people who grow up in healthy social conditions.


In the process of agricultural production we are using natural resources, human resources and capital. Responsible management of natural resources will allow the development of sustainable agriculture with the possibility of agricultural products to satisfy both quantitatively and qualitatively food requirements of the population. Natural resources that are irreplaceable in agricultural production are soil and water and now must be taken global measures for slowing and stopping global warming and climate change, which could jeopardize the attainment of agricultural production. In the paper reference is made to the quality of agricultural soils of Romania, the existence of water resources and measures to be taken to preserve soil fertility and combating drought.


The sports attitudes of college students from both urban and rural areas are good but vary a lot.Their sports behaviors mainly manifest in the participation time,frequency,the exercise duration,the activity goal and choice of sports items.There exists a moderate positive correlation between the urban and rural college students' sports attitudes and sports behaviors in Hunan University of Technology.


ABSTRACT The study investigates how the adoption of emerging digital technologies can provide valuable business opportunities for logistics centres in maritime supply chains. For this purpose, a systematic literature review (SLR) of prior academic studies addressing this topic is performed. The review unveils the current lack of a comprehensive framework to assess the impact of digital technologies on transport and maritime logistics, bringing insights for a promising research agenda. The paper proposes an ad-hoc conceptual framework for disentangling relevant business opportunities which originates from the adoption of cutting-edge digital technologies for each type of logistics centres. The main business benefits for logistics infrastructures which manage cargo flows in maritime supply chains (MSCs) are identified and discussed. The results suggest alternative strategic options for innovating logistics chains and increase the competitiveness of various cargo logistics centres. Managerial and marketing implications for both academics and practitioners are discussed in-depth.


A experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Keshwana, Jalore under arid climate conditions in Rabi season during 2018-19 with the object of effect of herbicide on weed, wheat growth, yield and economics. The data shows that the treatment 2,4 D @ 0.5 kg ha-1 at 35 DAS+ hand hoeing 45 DAS recorded lower dry matter of weeds at harvest  (18.3 g), maximum growth, spike length (8.5 cm), No. of spikelet (17), No. of seeds per spike (54.7), seed yield (40.1 q) and Straw yield (59.1 q) of wheat, and at par with the treatment Metsulfuron 4 g ha-1 35 DAS + hand hoeing 45 DAS.  The treatment 2,4 D @ 0.5 kg ha-1 at 35 DAS+ hand hoeing 45 DAS also produced the maximum gross return (Rs 117763 ), net return (Rs 70886 ) and B:C ratio (2.51).


This essay examines the idea of tolerance in our advanced industrial society. The conclusion reached is that the realization of the objective of tolerance would call for intolerance toward prevailing policies, attitudes, op inions, and the extension of tolerance to policies, attitudes , and opinions which are outlawed or suppressed. In other words, today tolerance appears again as what it was in its origins, at the beginning of the modem period — a partisan1 goal, a subversive liberating notion and practice. Conversely, what is proclaimed and practiced as tolerance today, is in many of its most effective manifestations serving the cause of oppression. The author is fully aware that, at present, no power, no authority, no government exists which would translate liberating tolerance into practice, but he believes that it is t he task and duty of the intellectual to recall and preserve historical possibilities which seem to have become utopian possibilities — that it is his task to break the concreteness of oppression in order to open the mental space in which this society can be recognized as what it is and does.


This paper investigates the problems of robust stability and stabilization for fractional-order systems with polytopic uncertainties. It is assumed that the fractional-order $a$ is a known constant and belongs to $0 < \alpha < 1$. Firstly, based on the $H_{\infty}$ bounded real lemma for commensurate fractional-order control systems, a sufficient condition for the above stability problem is established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Secondly, on the foundation of this condition, sufficient LMI methods for the design of stabilizing controller are obtained for two cases where the polytopic coefficients are known and unknown. In the case of unknown polytopic coefficients, by introducing the additional matrices, the state matrix and the positive-definite Hermitian matrices are decoupled. In the case of known polytopic coefficients, by introducing parameter-dependent matrices, a less-conservative robust $H_{\infty}$ stabilization condition is obtained. Finally, two different numerical examples are provided to compare the conservatism between the existing results and the results in this paper.


The effect of amplitude limit distortion on the output wave of pulse compression of LFM signal was analyzed theoretically based on the Bessel function in this paper,and quantitative result was derived.The main lobe width,peak side lobe ratio and integrated side lobe ratio of the output wave under different ratios of amplitude limit were discussed by simulation.The effect of amplitude limit distortion on actual synthetic aperture radar imaging for point targets imaging was analyzed.


The parental feeding behaviors of Jankowski's Bunting(Emberiza jankowskii)during the nestling period were studied at Zhaluteqi of Tongliao in Inner Mongolia Province from April to July during 2012—2013.The results indicated that the nestlings of Jankowski's Bunting were provisioned by two parents and there was no significant difference in the feeding rates between male and female.No significant difference was observed in the feeding frequency of parents at different time intervals of a day.Female and male feeding rates increased significantly with the nestling age.The provisioning rates of male was higher than that of female before 4days of nestling's age,while the provisioning rate of male was lower than that of females afer 4days of nestling's age.The difference in feeding behavior between female and male can be related to the sexual division of labor.Except for feeding offspring,females were exclusively in charge of warming and sheltering nestlings from strong sunlight,while males were exclusively in charge of alerting and field defense.


The relationship between play scores and communication skills measured in two ways was investigated in 19 young children with Down syndrome. When play competence, as observed in a play arena, was compared to mothers' perceptions of receptive and expressive communication skills, moderate and significant correlations were found. When play skills were compared to six language production measures, play was moderately and significantly correlated with only one measure, mean length of utterance in morphemes. Implications for these findings and for team assessments are discussed.


The agricultural division 106 regiment six coal geological disasters as an example of geological disasters coal project collapsed,the fire zone,ground fissures,ground subsidence,such as management of construction technology,according to coal mining geological disasters caused by the type of,characteristics of coal exist in the type of geological disasters in the governance process put forward some exploratory insights for drawing on similar projects.


Carrier lifetime control (CLC) power diode is known to perform better than the standard power diode in terms of low loss, high switching speed and high reverse blocking voltage. We perform an extensive MEDICI device simulation covering a large parameter space of the structural and doping concentrations of the power diode through the use of design of experiment (DOE) matrix. The optimal electrical performance for each electrical parameter of the CLC power diode as well as the standard power diode is obtained, which represents the physical limit of these power diodes. The manufacturability of the power diodes are evaluated through the sensitivity analysis of these optimal electrical performances with respect to the variation of the structural and doping parameters. Such variations represent the process variations during actual diode fabrication.


The thesis has the scope to solve a logistic problem for a food-delivery company. The company has to plan meal deliveries to school canteens while respecting multiple time constraints. The problem will be addressed as a variant a vehicle routing problem and a solution algorithm will be developed to tackle it.


judgment of the reader, and the statement of premises and grounds of opinion inevitably involves more or less of theory or of questionable observation. It is not surprising, then, that Dr. Wood's treatise is spread over seventeen hundred closely-printed pages, royal octavo, or that Wunderlich's Manual, to be published in three thick volumes, is only half completed, although the work has been three years in progress. If the reader will glance round his library, he will see that voluminousness is the characteristic of all the systematic writers, for the shelves groan beneath the Aveiglit of modern thick octavos, or less modern quartos, or older folios. A refuge from the evil has been sought in ' Libraries,' or ' Cyclopaedias,' or ' Dictionaries,' but sought in vain, > for these are


The sequential tunneling of electrons through n‐type GaAs/AlGaAs multiple‐quantum‐well (MQW) structures with Schottky and ohmic contacts is reported. Two series of tunnelings corresponding to those between the ground state and the first and second excited states were observed in low‐temperature current–voltage (I–V) characteristics in 200‐A‐period and 240‐A‐period MQWs. The oscillations in the conductance (G) and steplike features in the I–V characteristics were found to be persistent up to 200 K. Unlike previous investigations using structures with nominally undoped MQW regions, S‐shaped steplike features in the I–V characteristics corresponding to the negative differential resistance (NDR) effect, were observed at low temperature in our MQW structures with Schottky contacts and uniformly doped n‐type MQW regions. The electron tunneling process through the MQW structures is discussed in terms of the creation and propagation of high electric field domains as a function of the applied bias.


Model search in regression with very large numbers of candidate predictors raises challenges for both model specification and computation, for which standard approaches such as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are often infeasible or ineffective. We describe a novel shotgun stochastic search (SSS) approach that explores "interesting" regions of the resulting high-dimensional model spaces and quickly identifies regions of high posterior probability over models. We describe algorithmic and modeling aspects, priors over the model space that induce sparsity and parsimony over and above the traditional dimension penalization implicit in Bayesian and likelihood analyses, and parallel computation using cluster computers. We discuss an example from gene expression cancer genomics, comparisons with MCMC and other methods, and theoretical and simulation-based aspects of performance characteristics in large-scale regression model searches. We also provide software implementing the methods.


Evolution of Internet has lead to the rapid increase in tremendous amount of information in the form of text or other multimedia. It is quite obvious, due to such availability, storing, browsing, searching and retrieval has become a great challenge. This paper addresses on the challenges and issues in the content based image retrieval (CBIR). Though there exist various approaches and methods for content based image retrieval proposed by researchers till date, the challenge on retrieving the desired image based on the query remains to be a challenge. We address the state of art on the several features, techniques that would result in a research prototype for designing a commercial CBIR system.


Objective: To evaluate the anti-fatigue effect of Schisandra chinensis bai1l extract(SCE) in mice.Methods:160 clean male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups.The mice in the control group were gavaged with distilled water,while the others were respectively gavaged with SCE at 1.67mL/kg,3.3mL/kg,10mL/kg for consecutive 30 days.Then the experiments such as loading swimming,serum lactate acid,serum urea and liver glycogen were performed.Results:SCE could significantly prolong the loading swimming time,reduce serum urea level and increase the content of liver glycogen.High concentration of SCE(10mL/kg) obviously reduced the lactate acid level.Conclusion:SCE possesses the function of anti-fatigue in mice.


Design symbol is produced by accumulated in human's head,and its accumulation provides an effective way to resolve contradiction which puzzles designers about inhibition and innovation in long time.Semiotic new products used in industry design proves this point.Just like the language,semiotic relies on experience before and relates with the quick developing society.New function,new material and new technology call up the fire-new design thinking and industry design innovation.


It is shown that the critical pressure head used by Bouwer is equal to the difference in matric flux potential at pressure heads zero and minus infinity divided by the hydraulic conductivity at pressure head zero. The critical pressure head and the saturated hydraulic conductivity are used to define a dimensionless pressure head, hydraulic conductivity, and matric flux potential. For six empirical relationships between pressure head and hydraulic conductivity, the associated matric flux potential and critical pressure head have been evaluated. The plots of the dimensionless hydraulic conductivity and mattic flux potential versus pressure head provide a clear basis for comparing the six models. A discussion of steady, p-dimensional, radially symmetric flow (without gravity) illustrates the occurrence of the matrio flux potential and the critical pressure head in flow problems. Expressions are obtained for the steady flux, the maximum steady flux, and the change in steady flux as a function of changes in pressure head at two points. One-dimensional, cylindrically symmetric, and radially symmetric flows are discussed as special cases. The results for the radially symmetric case suggest a new method for in situ determination of the hydraulic conductivity as a function of the pressure head.


Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a rare disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterised by the presence of focal motor conduction blocks. Although the pathological basis of conduction block is believed to be focal demyelination, in multifocal motor neuropathy this mechanism lacks definitive proof from morphological studies. In recent years special neurophysiological techniques for assessing axonal excitability non-invasively in humans have expanded knowledge on the pathophysiology of multifocal motor neuropathy. Nonetheless, several findings support the hypothesis that conduction blocks probably arise from more than one pathogenetic mechanism (hyperpolarisation or depolarisation) which can change during the course of the disease and probably represent the "tip of the iceberg" of axo-myelinic abnormalities.


Objective To test the susceptibility of 20% Tianying Termite-killing EC (fenvalerate), 5% Bifenthrin SC, 15% Wanjie Termite-killing EC (3% imidacloprid+12% cypermethrin), and 48% Chlorpyrifos EC on the workers of Coptotermes formosanus. Methods The toxic and repellent effects of four preventive termiticides on the workers of C.formosanus were evaluated by the filter paper chemical-dipping method, the toxic soil method and toxic soil pillar method in laboratory. Results Among the four chemicals tested, 48% Chlorpyrifos EC had the best toxic and repellent effects on the workers of C.formosanus , followed by 20% Tianying Termite-killing EC and 15% Wanjie Termite-killing EC was the least. The workers of C.formosanus exposed to soil treated by ≥20 mg/L solution of fenvalerate, or bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, and imidacloprid+cypermethrin died within 8 days. The workers of C.formosanus could not pass through 5 cm length soil treated by ≥200 mg/L solution of fenvalerate, or bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, and imidacloprid+cypermethrin. Conclusion All these four chemicals tested could be used for the prevention of termites. However, considering the control effect and environmental safety of chemical, use of 20% Tianying Termite-killing EC in termite control of houses and buildings is the best selection for users.


The problem of stabilization and position control for the AOEP system at low speed is influenced by the torque of friction,etc.And it will obviously influence the effect of observation equipments in AOEP system.In this paper,a control scheme with PWM mode based on the double-pole drive circuit and servo control system composed of the computer and IPM drive module is presented to deal with the low speed.By practical test,it shows that the design has the better effect to restrain the position quiver in low speed.At the same time,it has the better value to the servo system which has the special requi-rements to low speed and position.


Due to the rapid growth of the information technology nowadays e-learning application has become one of the significant medium in distributing information resources for learning institutions. Hence, all sort of people can access the information at anyway and anytime or in other words the can gain information without any boundaries. Therefore the title of this project, Personal E Learning Assistant (PELA) : Learning And Evaluating Management has been choused. The main objective of this project is to help lecturers at the Faculty Of Computer Science And Information System assigned to them for managing the learning and assessment activities based on the subject assigned to them for every semester.


The publication of A Study of Chinese Phonology,one of the classics in the field of Chinese philology,marked the beginning of modern Chinese phonology.But,in the book,the errors and omissions in "the Classification Table of Ancient Sounds" have not drawn attention of previous scholars.Based on such dictionaries as Kangxi Dictionary and Guang Yun,such errors and omissions were classified.Furthermore,the classifications were illustrated by means of the correspondent rhyming words between the Consonant Table and the Vowel Table in the book.


The He d elastic scattering at the momentum of 19.8 GeV/c is analyzed in the framework of the Glauber theory. The scattering amplitude was evaluated using different sets of values of the nucleon-nucleon amplitude parameters and the He density function as a superposition of the Gaussian functions. It is shown that it is impossible to describe simultaneously the p He and d He elastic scattering cross sections using the same set of the NN -amplitude parameters. Inclusion of the twelve quark bag admixture to the ground state of the He nucleus in the calculations allows one to reproduce the experimental data quite well. It is shown that the admixture manifests itself in the d He elastic scattering in all region of the momentum transfer. At small t the effect can be at the level of ∼ 10%. At large t it can be ∼ 30%.


Traffic flow prediction is an essential foundation of intelligent traffic management, and its accuracy and timeliness are essential indicators for effective traffic diversion and alleviation of traffic congestion. Aiming at the nonlinear relationship affecting traffic flow forecasting effect, a noise-immune extreme learning machine is proposed for shortterm traffic flow forecasting, which takes advantage of the gravitational search algorithm to search for an optimal global solution and used an extreme learning machine to forecast traffic flow. Extreme Learning Machine algorithm has high learning efficiency and strong generalization ability, which is widely used in regression, classification, and feature learning problems. However, due to the random setting of the input weights and the parameters of the bias matrix, the accuracy is not high, and the generalization ability is not strong. Therefore, the gravitational search algorithm is used to optimize the input weights and bias matrix to improve the accuracy of the prediction model. Based on the experimental data of Amsterdam Ring Road, the mean square error and mean absolute percentage error of the optimized model is reduced, which proves the effectiveness of the optimization. The noise-immune extreme learning machine model demonstrated superior performance and high prediction accuracy and can be well used in short-term traffic flow prediction.


An analytical model of intraband optical crosstalk in an N/spl times/N fiber Bragg grating optical circulator-based optical cross connect (OXC) is presented. Results show that the worst-case coherent crosstalk is /spl sim/22-26 dB higher than incoherent crosstalk, depending on the switching state of 2/spl times/2 OXC. In addition, a novel scheme of OXC with improved intraband crosstalk performance is proposed.


This essay analyses The Rush Limbaugh Show and the conservative movement in America. The purpose of the essay is to deeper understand the conservative movement, their cultural values and the problems they think America is facing today. This is done by analyzing one of the biggest radio talk-shows in America, The Rush Limbaugh show, which is hosted by the famous conservative talk-show host Rush Limbaugh. By using a framing analysis method the essay tries to frame three american populist views in the Rush Limbaugh show. The three themes that were chosen was feminism, establishment and rasism, because they are three head components in a right-wing populist framework, which is the essays theoretic approach. According to Limbaugh feminism is a threat against individualism and something the establishment uses to make a cultural shift in traditional american values. The establishment is the cultural wealthy elite whose background and status separates them from the rest of the people. Finally, rasism is found in the underlying rhetoric about illegal immigrants and their criminal behavior in combination with their bad level of education. The essay finds a correlation between the views of Rush Limbaugh and the conservative movement, which symbolizes the problems in american politics of today. Many americans believe that there is a gap between the "people" and the "elite" which creates an opposition against the establishment and everything they stand for.


We consider estimation of an inverse model for the uncertain systems. Multi-layered neural network (NN) can approximate any continuous nonlinear mapping, then we use NN in order to represent the inverse model. The the back-propagation rule, which is commonly used for updating the weights, requires the sensitivity function of the system. However, we can not calculate this function because of uncertainty of the systems. Hence, we apply particle swarm optimization (PSO) to update the weights. PSO is suitable for learning NN, because it dose not require the derivative of the objective function. This paper introduces a novel parameter automation strategy in order to overcome the premature convergence. The acceleration coefficients are adaptively varies with the distance between the particle and the gbest which is the best solution ever found by the swarm. We can maintain the diversity of the swarm and search a better solution around the gbest efficiently. We compare the proposed method with the basic PSO and TVAC PSO, which is proposed by Ratnaweera, through the simulation of the inverse kinematics problem. The proposed method can obtain the accurate inverse model than the basic PSO and TVAC PSO.


A two-OA GIC-type configuration with linear and nonlinear elements is investigated and two-port relations are derived. These relations correspond, for the linear cases, to different types of scalors, mutators and generalized mutators. When nonlinear resistors are used, functional composition of characteristics is achieved, the two-ports obtained behaving as "nonlinear scalors and/or mutators"


State Territory — Acquisition of territorial sovereignty — Cession Acquisition by United States of Guam from Spain by Treaty of Paris, 1898 — Acquisition including marginal belt of sea. Jurisdiction — Territorial — Over ports and national waters Executive Order of President reserving territorial waters surrounding Guam as naval defence area and prohibiting entrance by unauthorized persons — Status of Guam — The law of the United States of America. State territory — Parts of — Territorial waters — Jurisdiction in the maritime belt — Executive order of President reserving territorial waters around Guam as naval defence area and prohibiting entrance by unauthorized persons — Violation as a crime — Effect upon order of Organic Act of Guam — Status of Guam — The law of the United States of America.


Robust and comprehensive characterization of the topological properties of complex networks requires the adoption of several respective measurements, among which the node degree has special importance. In the present work, we provide an introduction to one of these measurements, namely the accessibility of a node, which can be understood as a generalization of the concept of node degree not only to incorporate successive neighborhoods of that node, but also to reflect specific types of dynamics unfolding in the network. After discussing the node degree and its hierarchical extension, we present the concepts of random walk, entropy, and then the accessibility. Several examples of its numeric calculation are provided, as well as some experimental results indicating that it can effectively complement the information provided by other topological measurements of four types of complex networks, namely Erdős–Rényi, Watts-Strogatz, Barabasi-Albert, and Geometric. We also describe how a recently developed toolbox can be used for the calculation of accessibility in relatively large networks. "D'una città non godi le sette o le settantasette meraviglie, ma la risposta che dà una tua domanda." Le Città Invisibili (Italo Calvino)


The objectives and achievements of the development program for space electrical power systems are discussed. Power requirements for various space projects and products of power development research are considered. Research on the radiation-resistant n-p solar cell, thin-film solar cells, and rechargeable batteries is outlined. The development of Snap-8 is also discussed. (C.E.S.)


Objective Interleukin -1β(IL -1β)plays a key role in the pathogenesis o f cerebral ischemia.In this study we will observe the effect of IL -1βon hypoxia neurons survive.Method MTT staining was used to detected the survial neurons.Result IL -1βhad no effect on normal cultured neur ons,but it could decrease the number of hypoxia cultured neurons.Conclusion IL -1βhad the deteriorative function on hypox ia cultured neurons.


In order to realize the multilayer,three-dimensional,and highly integrated designing of MMCM(Microwave Multichip Module), a Ka-band LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic) microstrip to stripline front and back transition structure of penetrating through two layer grounding conductor is proposed.The structure uses the quasi-coaxial line and "water droplet shape" matching method, combining with the simulation of HFSS(High Frequency Structure Simulator) and measurement,the result indicate that the maximal frequency at which the 14 layers LTCC structure can transport electromagnetic wave well reach 36 GHz.It can be flexibly used to Ka-band millimeter microwave microstip to stripline transition.


This paper provides a literature review study to investigate how Agile Manufacturing (AM) capabilities could be used in different plants within a company's Global Production Network (GNP). To do this, this paper makes use of Ferdows, Vereecke, and De Meyer (2016) subnetworks positions framework. Each of the subnetwork positions has its own manufacturing characteristics and missions. From the four subnetworks, this paper focused on the main two, footloose and rooted. 17 articles were analyzed and this paper found that there are four major AM capabilities categories, namely responsiveness, flexibility, integration, and competency. Each of the AM capabilities categories could be used differently in each of the subnetworks depending on the focus factors emphasized in each category. With that, this paper has presented how AM system capabilities could help plants in the footloose and rooted subnetworks to achieve their missions. Further, this study provides an early phase to understand how AM system could accommodates different plants positions in the GPN. This study also set out an insight that, despite being founded 29 years ago, AM system with their capabilities, is still relevant to be continuously implemented in the present time. This paper does not provide any empirical validation yet for the findings. Thus, this paper also provide avenues for future research.