It briefly introduces the general situation and characteristics of Venice amusement park bathhouse project and represents the building technique and installation scheme.The quality standards are listed from the steel ball production,member bar production,paint and mitigate corrosion,grid installation.At last the ensuring quality measures are carried out.


Two dizotrophi bacteria, coded as A31 and A32, were isolated from the rhizosphere of two tef varieties DZB01B354 and DZB01-196, respectively. Different morphological, biochemical, and physiological comparisons with type cultures Azospirillum lipoferum, ATCC 29707, and Azospirillum brasiliense, ATCC 29145 showed that the isolates belong to A. lipoferum. Inoculation studies of isolates on pot-grown tef plants showed marked increases in height, grain yield, total shoot and root weight, root-shoot ratio and total grain nitrogen. An increase in grain yield up to 12% over uninoculated controls was observed. The bacterial isolate A32 was found to perform better than A31 in promoting growth and yield on both homologous and heterologous tef varieties. Of the two tef varieties, DZB01B096 responded better than DZB01B354 to inoculation. The study indicats a possible specific interaction between host cultivar and bacterial isolate that governs plant yield. SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science Vol. 23, No. 2 (December 2000), pp. 247-262 Key words/phrases: Azospirillum lipoferum, yield increase, Eragrostis tef


This research examines micro‐enterprises pursuing gradual growth. While very little research has been targeted specifically at the growth of micro‐enterprises, there are a host of possible influencing factors suggested by the rather broader small business literature. Less research has attempted to integrate the factors that influence growth of small firms into some form of model. Those models that were found had a number of shortfalls when it came to understanding the development of micro‐enterprises. A framework has been developed through this research that addresses these shortfalls. First, it has targeted specifically gradual growth micro‐enterprises; secondly, it is rigorously under‐pinned through empirical research; thirdly, it attempts to comprehensively cover the range of factors that influence development; fourthly, it focuses on the complex interaction of factors that may influence development. The research findings and implications are presented in two parts. Part 1 develops an empirically verified framework that explains how growth is influenced by a myriad of interacting factors. This leads to a discussion of the policy implications of the framework. Part 2 is presented in the next edition of the Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development (JSBED) and will explore the managerial implications of the framework. This will provide a diagnostic toolkit to help micro‐enterprise owner‐managers and advisers pursue growth. The paper is derived from research conducted initially for the submission of a PhD thesis at the University of Brighton (Perren, 1996).


Change management is a planned loom for the transitioning of individuals, groups, and organizations from an existing state to a required future state. Change management (or change control) is the definitive process of initiation of the change of a system which is implemented in a controlled structure by adopting a pre-defined framework with, to a large extent, appending required modifications. This research believes and asserts that that, managing a change process is as vital as the change itself. In the post liberalization era, Social science scholars have explored the possibilities of employing multiple techniques of Organization Development to initiate the desired organizational changes. We also assert that, proper diagnosis of the change environment could allow for the application of many a strategic intervention technique namely role playing, team building, feedback, process improvisations, amongst others. It essentially highlights primary domains of research, conceptual and incubating issues, spanning many subjects and well established policies of creating opportunities and satisfying needs for an organization. The domains of research considered are (not limited to):
• The process of study of learning, innovation and effecting change in organizations
• The conduct of inter-organizational relations, alliances and social capital.
Change management is as essential to success for the individual leader as it is to the organization. Change management, first needs to be examined from an individualistic point of view and then from an organizational outlook. An individual needs to carefully ascertain all the allied and converging points that are involved in the change management process itself to eventually navigate dramatic change in the applicable personnel lives. On the other hand, on the organizational platform, an adaptive leader needs to ascertain the importance of change management as a process whilst also being proactive in change implementation by concentrating on developing a stress-free work environment. One has to strike a profound balance between having people feel the demanded need to change and having them feel overwhelmed by the said change. It is apt to quote here that, leadership is like riding on a sharp edge.
This paper embarks to evaluate the key steps taken by an adaptive leader encompassing the entire change management process. This is to ensure that all steps taken (by the adaptive leader) are analyzed and has the result been "effective implementation of organizational change" in a process that had a profound positive impact on the organization's line and staff functions.


Copyright: © 2013 Alembo D. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Piebaldism and Neurofibromatosis type -1: Family Report Familial Case of Piebaldism with Regression of the Depigmentation over the Trunk


communist institutions, and alliances during the Nazi period. A number of famous European scientists travelled to India and were shaped by the encounter, including Magnus Hirschfeld and Mircea Eliade. Chapters acknowledging the high degree of cross-pollination in the areas of art, art history, and film-making are among the highlights of the study. German film has a legacy not only in Hollywood, but also in Bollywood. Manjapra offers a substantial chapter in the still-largely-unwritten history of global intellectual and cultural interaction that should result in fruitful debate and open the field to further inquiry. His study brings much valuable insight and information to the table, and it seems irrelevant to harp on its weaknesses, of which there are only a few. Sometimes the discussion is repetitive and not well-structured. Here and there, small inaccuracies jump out. My main grievance, however, concerns the fact that the study does not acknowledge its own weight, which may be a function of uncertainty regarding the study's audience. The Introduction does not provide adequate conceptual framing. It ignores much recent scholarship on India and German (and European) Orientalism, leaves out possible connections to other studies that have enhanced our understanding of global intellectual history, and also does not engage much with relevant post-colonial theory. It is strangely focused on a few terms, such as the idea of the 'concert of Europe' (which is not as relevant as Manjapra believes it to be for understanding nineteenth-century politics) and the notion of 'postEnlightenment' (in my view not a productive concept). After taking in the tremendous amount of information provided, I find that the Introduction and Conclusion fail to capture the value of the study. For example, in effect it challenges the Saidian paradigm by demonstrating the high degree to which certain European players were engaged with non-Europeans and discussing the agency of non-European actors in the process. Manjapra also writes a counter-history to the 'history from below' focus developed by the Subaltern Studies collective in India. By highlighting the history of thought and the independent achievements of Indian science and culture even during the period of British colonialism, Manjapra ruffles post-colonial theory more than he himself seems to comprehend. Manjapra is not only provincialising Europe, but also globalising India in profound ways. Manjapra's volume succeeds in opening up a rich field for debate and further inquiry. It is a seminal study that no scholar on the subject will be able to ignore.


Information system managers in multinational corporations (MNCs) face many difficult issues in their efforts to internationalize their organizations' information systems. Security of data transmitted between distant business locations, integration of technologies in different countries, and differences in protocol standards around the world are just a few of the issues that international IS managers must address. The importance of these issues to IS managers may vary depending on such factors as the type of business, its home country, and the countries in which it operates. This paper examines the question of whether one of these factors, the home country of the business, could have an impact on the importance placed on certain international information system issues by IS managers. As a preliminary investigation into this question, this paper presents a case study of how IS managers in a non-U.S.-based MNC view several important issues in international information systems, and compares their views with those reported in the literature from IS managers at U.S.-based MNCs. While a single case study cannot provide an answer to the question, it may give insights that might aid future research.


52) U.S. C. ..... as a w 210/644; 210/654; 57 ABSTRACT 210/708; 210/799; 21.0/DIG. 5 a 58) Field of Search ............... 210/643, 644, 651, 654, Membranes of highly crystalline PTFE having an aver: 210/708, 799, DIG. 5,500.36, 653 age pore size between about 0.01 micron and about 0.5 s micron ordinarily reject any passage of water while 56) References Cited allowing an organic nonpolar liquid to flow there


In this paper, a new design method of digital high-pass notch filters is proposed by extending the classical integer order filter to the case of fractional order one. The aim of this extension is to improve the narrowing of the stopband of the first order notch filters through the introduction of a fractional exponent in the transfer function. The resulting filters can be approximately implemented using power series expansion as IIR filters via signal modeling techniques or FIR filters through truncation technique.


In artic le the theoretical model of research of the valuable organization of transitive society which doesn't apply for universality is offered, but can be perspective approach in research of modern communicative society, taking into account essential and important variations of its manifestations in different national cultural contexts and even different variations of one society.


The FCC is currently considering whether it should adopt a uniform rate for pole attachment services for broadband services. Based on Ramsey pricing principles, we find that while historical differences in rates were sensible, technological convergence dictates that broadband providers should now pay a unified rate and that rate should be significantly lower than the rates currently applied.


One way to improve the efficiency of isolated-word recognition systems for large vocabularies is the use of broad acoustic classes to prune the lexicon to a manageable size and even to recognize uniquely a considerable part of the lexicon itself based on phonotactic constraints. A preliminary study of two different Spanish lexicons has been made to determine the adequateness of such an approach for Spanish. Preliminary results show a similar behavior compared to English.<<ETX>>


Despite a lot of research efforts in baseball video processing, little work has been done in analyzing the detailed process and ball movement of the batting content. This paper proposes a novel system to automatically summarize the progress of each batting in baseball videos. Utilizing the strictly-defined specifications of the baseball field, the system recognizes the spatial patterns in each frame and identifies what region of the baseball field is currently focused. Finally, an annotation string which abstracts the batting content is generated. With the annotation strings, the system is able to make descriptions and provide exploration for baseball videos, so that users can be given a further insight into the game quickly. The experiments on broadcast baseball videos of MLB and JPB show promising results.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the prognosis and hepatitis B serologic marker changes in patients with HBV infection or with HBV infected donors after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

METHODS
The clinical outcomes of 79 patients receiving allo-HSCT, including 55 with HBV infection and 24 from HBV infected donors were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS
(1) HBV infection did not interfere with the clinical outcome of allo-HSCT. (2) In 20 HBsAg(+) patients, 13(65.0%) developed HBV reactivation between 0.5 and 10 months after transplantation, 9(45.0%) developed HBV-related hepatitis. (3) For the 35 HBsAg(-) and HBcAb/HBeAb positive patients, 4 (11.4%) occurred HBV seroconversion, 1 of the 4 complicated with severe chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). (4) There was a significant difference in HBV reactivation rate between the HBsAg(+) and HBsAg-groups (P < 0.01). The incidence of hepatitis occurred within 100 days after HSCT was high in HBsAg(+) patients (P < 0.05). (5) Clearance of HBsAg was observed in 2 HBsAg(+) patients, both of whom received graft from HBsAb positive donors.

CONCLUSIONS
Donors or recipients infected with HBV is not considered an absolute contraindication for HSCT, but HBsAg positivity is a high risk factor for HBV reactivation and prophylactic lamivudine treatment may be helpful. For patients with HBcAb/HBeAb positivity, seroconversion can be observed, especially after immunosuppressant withdrawal. Adoptive immunity is effective in clearing HBV in these patients.


This paper considers the concept of the "author" and its role in defining the nature of a text in light of Michel Foucault's essay "What is an Author?" Taking up his suggestion that the fictional, constructed author of literature functions to limit the possibilities of meaning of a text, the paper explores how it might apply to the genre of contracts. While Foucault explicitly identifies contracts as authorless texts, this paper aims to identify other generic manifestations of the "author function" that attempt to stabilize meaning in contracts' written forms. Specifically, this paper examines prevalent boilerplate provisions and conventions of drafting and construction that have emerged in written contracts in the absence of an author. In doing so, the paper considers the relationship between the agreement and the written contract in contract law and interpretation, with an eye to the importance of delimiting the meaning of language in the law, and in the texts of contracts, in particular, as ostensible manifestations of consensus. By examining the contemporary form of the written contract in terms of boilerplate and other drafting conventions that often inscribe fictions of stability or limitation of meaning into the contractual text, the paper seeks to further an understanding of the written contract as a genre in which the author function or an analogous limiting principle manifests itself without reference to the individual. Such an analysis seeks to shed light not only on the nature and function of the written contract but on the nature of the discourse of the law more generally and the ways in which it defines itself in contrast to that of literature.


DURING 1956 about 28,000 people died from the effects of home accidents, and accidents of all types were the primary cause of death in all age groups from 1 to 35 years. In comparison with the community reaction evoked by heart disease, cancer, poliomyelitis, and mental illness, the community reaction to accidents has been conspicuously weak. With the exception of the National Safety Council, some State and local safety councils, and a small number of pioneering State and local public health officials, few agencies have given accident prevention the emphasis it warrants. Perhaps a feeling of helplessness has fostered this lack of emphasis, but with the growing acceptance of the fact that at least 80 percent of accidents are caused by what people do or by what they fail to do, public health workers are in a better position to exert leadership in accident prevention. Since they stem from the actions of people, accidents can be made the subject of study, analysis, and prevention in the same way that human factors involved in the susceptibility of humans to disease have been studied. The magnitude of the research effort that will be needed to develop scientific data of sufficient quality and quantity to support scientifically valid efforts to control accidents will be greatno smaller, certainly, than the magnitude of the research effort now being made to determine the causes and means of preventing cancer, heart disease, and mental illness. Meanwhile, much can be done on an empirical basis to accelerate the present slow but steady decline in accident rates. There is presumptive evidence, at least, that


Rehabilitation systems based on inertial measurement units (IMU) and bio-feedbacks are increasingly used in many different settings for patients with neurological disorders such as Parkinson disease or balance impairment, and more recently for functional recover after orthopedic surgical interventions or injuries especially concerning the lower limb. These systems claim to provide a more controlled and correct execution of the motion exercises to be performed within the rehabilitation programs, hopefully resulting in a better outcomes with respect to the traditional direct support of a physical therapists. In particular recruitment of specific muscles during the exercise is expression of its correct and finalized execution. The objective of this study was to compare muscular activation patterns of relevant lower limb muscles during different exercises performed with traditional rehabilitation and with a new validated system based on IMU and biofeedback (Riablo, Corehab, Trento, Italy). Twelve healthy subjects (mean age 28.1 ± 3.9, BMI 21.8± 2.1) were evaluated in a rehabilitation center. Muscular activation pattern of gluteus maximum, gluteus medium, rectus femoris and biceps femoris was recorded through surface EMG (Cometa; Milan) during six different motion tasks: hip abduction in standing position, lunge, hip flexion with extended knee in standing position, lateral lunge, hip abduction with extended knee in lateral decubitus, squat. Subjects performed 10 repetitions of each task for a total of 100 repetitions per motion task, with and without Riablo System as well as during standard rehabilitation. An additional IMU was positioned on the shank in order to detect beginning and end of each repetition. A single threshold algorithm was used to identify muscle activation timing. During hip abduction in standing position, gluteus maximum and rectus femoris showed a better and longer activation pattern while using Riablo compared to traditional rehabilitation. Gluteus medium showed a similar activation pattern whereas biceps femoris showed no activation from 30% to 80% using Riablo. During squat, rectus femoris and biceps femoris had a similar activation pattern with and without Riablo whereas gluteus maximum and gluteus medium showed a better activation pattern while using Riablo. The recent development of innovative rehabilitation systems meets the need of manageable, reliable and efficient instruments able to reduce rehabilitation costs but with the same good clinical outcomes. Muscular activation patterns of relevant lower limb muscles during selected motion tasks reveal their correct execution. The use of this new rehabilitation system based on IMU and biofeedback seems to allow a more selective and effective muscular recruitment, likely due to the more correct and controlled execution of the exercise, particularly for the identification and interdiction of possible compensation mechanisms.


The mapping between displacements and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass is characterized by its non-linearity.Many researchers are trying to establish an approach for describing this non-linear mapping.As a result,data pairs for training and data pairs for prediction were built by using a multi-peaks function,and a comparison study was conducted for the fitting and generalization prediction capabilities of ANFIS and SVM.The results show that ANFIS has better fitting and generalization prediction capabilities than SVM and it adapts to deal with the nonliner and complex mapping problem in geotechnique engineering.


This article describes a college internship program conducted by a health system's security department from two points of view--the trainer's and the trainee's.


Uncertainty and randomness in demand and supply bring significant challenges to the stable operation of the grid and the scheduling planning of multi-energy sources. To solve these challenges, we propose and analyze a multi-energy dispatching model which minimizes the total cost and enhances the efficiency of supplying power. Specifically, we design matching algorithms that simulate an appropriately scaled sequence of stochastic EV demand. We also analyze four different energy dispatching scenarios proving that the scheduling model and the multi-energy synergistic microgrid structure can bring higher efficiency and lower costs. Our main contribution is using a simulation approach to take EVs into account for demand-side uncertainty, which significantly improves the efficiency of grid dispatch.


One in six people under 25 is being screened for chlamydia after six years of a national screening programme in England, which is still below the target needed to reduce its prevalence, a report says this week.

The report from the National Audit Office, which scrutinises public spending on behalf of parliament, warns that testing levels are only just beginning to reach the point where they are likely to significantly reduce the prevalence of chlamydia. It argues that a lack of central organisation, with the programme being delivered locally by primary care trusts, has resulted in inefficiency and duplication of effort.

The Department of Health launched a national chlamydia screening programme in 2003, taking an opportunistic approach to contacting people under the age of 25 and testing in various settings, including schools and youth centres as well as NHS centres. Chlamydia is the most commonly diagnosed …


Three Rivers regions bordered on the Sichuan,Yunnan,and Tibet have both special nature environment and developing economical condiction The fragile ecological environment in this area not only confine economical development,but also threaten seriously the safety of middle,lower of the Rivers (Jinsha River,Langcang River and Nu River)By using the pricple of the landscape ecology,this paper analysed the objection of the construction of ecological function, provided the objection and measures of construction of ecological environment,and foretell its influence


Background: Minimally invasive surgical techniques are wide spreading in different surgical subspecialties using different endoscopic techniques in dealing with major surgical problems in spine surgery is replacing open surgery to reduce the morbidity after extensive approaches and to improve the quality of life of the patients. Endoscopic surgeries on the spine are less invasive, it decrease the recovery time, hospital stay and ultimately cost saving. Improved fibro -optics, light sources, and the advent of the 3-dimensional video camera improves the visualization of the structures surrounding the spine. Methods: This study included 30 cases prospectively by VATS technique and 20 cases retrospectively by open surgery as first stage and the second stage was done by open posterior surgery in both groups, and the final results are compared regarding certain items that included the hospital stay, need for ICU admission, blood loss, cosmotic appearance, patient satisfaction and the surgical time in relation to the first stage surgery inall patients in order to reach a recommendation regarding the use of VATS techniques in treating dorsolumbar scoliosis. Fifty cases, (37 females and 13 males), with congenital scoliosis in 15 cases and idiopathic scoliosis in 35, were operated upon for the treatment of their scoliotic deformity to perform only anterior release (42 cases) or corpectomy (8 cases) with posterior stabilization either through an open thoracotomy (20 cases) or video assisted thoracoscopic surgery with the patient in the lateral decubitus position under fluoroscopic guidance (30 cases). Full preoperative laboratory and radiological investigations including routine MRI were done. The average operative time in the VATS group (30 Cases) was 3.1 hours the average blood loss was 274cc. Results: After 24 months of follow-up, 36 patients showed excellent results (22 VATS cases, 14 thoracotomy cases), 12 cases had good results (8 VATS cases, 4 thoracotomy cases), and two thoracotomy cases had fair results according to the Oswestry disability questionnaire, and Cobb's angle measurements. VATS cases showed less blood loss without major surgical complications, intensive care unit admission was needed in 2 cases only for less than 24 hrs, the average hospital stay was 10 days, and showed better results (excellent 73.3%, good 26.7% ) with patient more satisfaction as compared with open surgery. Open thoracotomy cases showed more blood loss, surgery complications, all cases needed intensive care admission for average of 3 days, and hospital stay (average 18 days), and showed slightly inferior results (excellent 70%, good 20% , fair 10%). Conclusions: We recommend video assisted thoracoscopic surgery instead of open thoracotomy in anterior release of thoracolumbar scoliosis because of better visualization, wider exposures, greater access to multiple levels, reduced surgical time, less tissue damage, decreased blood loss, reduced postoperative pain, improved postoperative respiratory function, shorter stays in the ICU and hospital, reduced potential for infection and decreased cost.


Avestan is a declarative modelling language compatible with SMT-LIB. SMT-LIB is an standard input language that is supported by the state-of-the-art satisfiability modulo theory solvers (SMT solvers). The recent advances in SMT solvers have introduced them as efficient analysis tools; as a result, they are becoming more popular in the verification and certification of digital products. SMT-LIB was designed to be machine readable rather than human readable. In this paper, we present Avestan, a declarative modelling language that is intended to be analyzed by SMT solvers and readable by humans. An Avestan model is translated to an SMT-LIB model so that it can be analyzed by different SMT solvers. Avestan has relational constructs that are heavily inspired by Alloy; we added these constructs to increase the readability of an Avestan model.


The problem of planning a path in the real complex environment remains a difficult challenge although path planning has been studied extensively in the context of autonomous indoor mobile robots. One of the main reasons is lacking semantic information of the robot's working space. In this paper, we introduce the notion of space accessibility into path planning research. Semantic mapping is utilized to identify and recognize room and hallway on an occupancy grid map. A region topological map is built based on physical connection relation between regions and the types of regions. A multi-strategy path planning combining grid and region topological maps is developed. Paths in hallways will be selected preferentially and different planning methods are used for creating paths in different kinds of regions. Experimental evaluation is conducted on dozens of test maps with indoor layouts. Compared with paths produced by other techniques, the paths generated by our method are more like human beings decisions.


In this work, we analyse and investigate the performance of wireless communication systems with maximal ratio combining (MRC) over η − μ/Inverse Gaussian (IG) composite fading channel. All formats of coherent schemes are considered and novel closed-form expressions of average symbol error probability (ASEP) with diversity are derived. Also, the novel closed-form expressions of channel capacity under transmission schemes such as optimal rate adaptation (ORA) and channel inversion fixed rate (CIFR) are derived and analysed with MRC diversity over η−μ/IG composite fading distribution. The closedform results have been validated with the Monte Carlo simulation as well as the exact results.


The species compositions of many upland hardwood forests in southeastern Ohio appear to be changing. Since the arrival of settlers, most of the mixed mesophytic forest has been cleared at least once as a result of timber cutting, burning, and agriculture. The compositions of the second- and third-growth forests are shifting toward a smaller component of oaks (Quercus spp.) and larger proportions of other species such as red maple (Acer rubrum). This study examines the development of existing young stands after clearcutttng on the Wayne National Forest. A chronosequence of 5- to 30-year old mixed species stands on upper, south-facing slopes is being examined. The soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from siltstone, sandstone and shale. Thus far, data has been collected on three sample plots in each of five stands. Total number of stems has generally decreased with age, from 24,255 stems/ha at age 6 to 5162 stems/ha at age 20. The oak proportion of the stems decreased from 25.4 to 7.7 percent over time, and the proportion of dominant/codominant oaks as a proportion of all upper crown stratum stems decreased from 51.6 percent at age 6 to 11.9 percent at age 20. Red maple and mixed commercial hardwoods accounted for 55 percent of all dominant/codominant stems at age 20. Hickories (Carya spp.), as a group, were a minor component of the sampled stands throughout the entire chronosequence.


This project designs a reflective oxygen saturation measurement system based on microprocessor STM32F103, which controls peripheral module circuit. It is portable and reliable. The sensor MAX30100 collects the signal and converts it into data for processing. The algorithms are developed with Keil platform. This reflective oxygen saturation measurement system uses red (600–750 nm) and infrared (850–1000 nm) wavelength of light to meet the requirements for accurate measurement.


The design of software for automatic calculation of uncertainty is described. Using a mathematical model of a measurement, expressions for uncertainty can be derived, establishing the sensitivity of a result to any variation in the uncertain input terms. We show how software suitable for measurement systems can be designed to automate the evaluation of uncertainty.


To the Editor: The numbers of young women livingwithan implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) due to congenital anomaly or inherited cardiomyopathy have increased, and they are reaching reproductive ages. As far back as 1997, a study reported that 86% of women with an ICD (n = 44; age 14–36 years) experienced an uneventful pregnancy, even though cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of pregnancy-related mortality in the United States and has steadily increased over the past decades, with an incidence of 7.2 to 17.2. The most recent data show that CVD is responsible for 26.5% of all pregnancy-related deaths in the United States, and women with preexisting heart disease are at increased risk for poor outcomes, including intrauterine growth restriction, low-birth-weight babies, neonatal hypoglycemia, andmaternal death. Thus, women who have an ICD can expect better pregnancy outcomes compared with women with CVD. Recent guidelines from the American Heart Association focus on the management of cardiovascular conditions in pregnant individuals with preexisting CVD and advocate for a


The invention relates to an energy-saving monitoring and management system for an air conditioner, in particular to control and management systems suitable for various closable energy-saving nodes such as machine rooms, base stations, buildings, business halls, offices, plants, vehicles and the like. In the energy-saving monitoring and management system, a server is required to be arranged at a center end, energy-saving monitoring and management system software is arranged in the server, and devices such as a transmission module, an energy-saving control module, a measurement module, a feedback module, an environmental data acquisition device and the like are arranged on an energy-saving node at the tail end. The energy-saving monitoring and management system for the air conditioner is intelligent, scientific, effective and uniform, has high automation and high compatibility and is self-adaptive to the environment.


Abstract : The focus dealt with recent developments in II-VI semiconductors. The meeting covered a wide variety of topics including synthesis of II-VI materials (bulk crystals, thin films, and layered structures), properties studies (electrical, optical, photoelectric, structural, mechanical), defects (theory and measurement), controlled substitutional doping, and applications of II-VI semiconductors. The II-VI compound semiconductors possess characteristics which, as a group, are unique. Among the most active areas of investigation in these materials today are blue light emitters based on ZnSe, infrared detectors based on mercury-containing compounds such as HgCdTe, and the properties of dilute magnetic semiconductors.


Abstract In this brief introduction, the authors aim to describe the conversation analytic approach to bilingual conversation and the sociocultural linguistic approach to the study of identity in interaction that unite the contributions to this special issue.


Considering the advantage of barcode technology and the characteristic of supply chain management,this paper analyses the important function of barcode technology to supply chain management,points out some problems appeared in China's supply chain management such as lack of application consciousness,less coverage application area and out of date technology in the application of barcode technology.Aiming at these problems the paper researches the application mode of barcode technology in each link of applied chain including the supply of raw and processed materials,production,warehousing,marketing and delivery as well as the demand of interchangeable information duing after-sales service management,researches the application mode of barcode technology,provides reference for improving the level of China's supply chain managemet.


The majority of lymphomas in the setting of acquired, iatrogenic, or congenital immunodeficiencies are B-cell lymphoproliferations. We describe a rare T-cell lymphoma in a fulminantly ill patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The T-cell nature of the process was defined genotypically (monoclonal T-cell receptor p-chain [C,p] rearrangement) and phenotypically (CD45RO'. CD4'. CD5+, CD25+, CD8-, CD3and negative for a variety of 6-cell and monocyte markers). The CD4+, CD25' (interleukin-2 receptor [IL-2R]) phenotype with production of IL-2 and IL-2R RNA is analogous to human T-lymphotropic virus type I


In this chapter the authors evaluate a new and promising solution to the problem of power consumption based on "optimum gate biasing." This technique consists in tracking the MOS operating region wherein the third derivation of drain current is zero. The method leads to a significant IIP3 improvement; however, the sensitivity to process drifts requires the use of a specific bias circuit to track the optimum biasing condition.


The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of steel box structures such as bridges, industrial and civil architectures and the like, particularly a traveling bogie in a steel box and solves the problems of small space in the box and long distance and low efficiency of manually carrying heavy steel structural connecting rod parts and small machine tools in the process of connecting segments of the steel box structure. The traveling bogie in the steel box comprises a traveling rail system, a traveling system, a power system and a transportation system; the traveling rail system comprises a traveling rail and a rail fixing bolt and a rail fixing steel plate which are used for fixing the traveling rail; the traveling system comprises bogie traveling wheels, a traveling frame, a brake pad for braking and a damping spring; the power system comprises a traction motor, a pulley bracket, a bogie pulley and a steel wire rope; and the transportation system comprises a transportation cabin. The traveling bogie in the steel box has the beneficial effects that the traveling bogie in the steel box has simple structure, is convenient to operate and is convenient to transport materials and equipment inside the steel box; the working efficiency is improved; the safety accident is avoided in the manual operating process; and the operation environment in the steel box is improved.


Infiltrating or intramuscular lipoma is a rare entity, occurring only exceptionally in the oral cavity, being the intraoral lipomas rare per se. The main features of this lesion is the infiltrating growing pattern of the lipoma which, dissecting the muscle fibres may mimic an aggressive behaviour. We report a case of infiltrating lipoma of the labial vestibule of the oral cavity, which exhibited a sudden growth, after a lag time of 2 years, and was associated with mild neurological impairment.


In this article we observe the need and importance of projects that promote education and the same time that imply the creation of jobs, achieving the activity of women, optimizing the quality of personal and family life. The use of women and their maintenance in the labor market is essential to demonstrate the importance of equal opportunities, the reduction of gender inequality and sustainable development, women's empowerment promotes economic development and development on a global scale, as stipulated in Objective number five of the Sustainable Development Goals, United Nations Development Program.


Handong'poems are worthy of reading many times. "Have You Ever Seen the Sea"and "Something about DaYan Tower"are works against the tradition and the success of his aesthetis principle of pursuing strange spoken language makes the way of expressing the essence. Self and sin cereness and finally forms the poem principle and aesthethtic judgement of expressing the emotion simply. All of these are against the instrinsic value the language is endowed by traditional culture of purpose or out of purpose. Handong is always fulfilling such manner of language--the spirit of spoken language.


The monetary policy is a lever to regulate financial economy but its transmission impact relies on the channels through which it transmits into the system. This paper reports regional variation while exercising a policy lever in context of Indian region, such that every region responded asymmetrically to the same stimuli, which depicts that within common geographical boundaries policy impact is different in each state, this is not due to different economic sectors but because of nature of financial dependence. This study also contradicts previous studies and asserts that policy percolation depends on the nature of financing rather on the composition of different sectors. To analyze policy impact I have employed three main variables as a proxy for economic indicators like Gross State Domestic Product, Gross Fixed Capital Formation, GDP Deflator and Repo Rate. To study the SDGP composition supportive variable is employed. With the help of Vector Auto-Regressive Model and impulse response function main variables response are reported and by Error Variance Decomposition Model states GDP composition with six sectors comprising (construction, Agriculture, Banking, Industry, Services and Manufacturing) response is reported by repo rate stimuli. This study opens debate for interstate policy rates difference hence do not provide any substantial evidence to support it. JEL Classification: E52, E58, E43, E27


The electrothermal microwave plasma thruster is based on a microwave coaxial plasma source with surface wave discharge, allowing very effective heating of the neutral gas in the dielectric chamber at low energy consumption. The flow of the hot gas through the chamber nozzle generates thrust, which allows adjustment and maintenance of the nanosatellite's orbit. For this purpose, the plasma thruster is simulated and its dimensions and parameters are optimized. Theoretical studies here are mainly related to determining the dispersion characteristics of surface waves in a dielectric tube and especially in a standing wave mode. The propagation of microwave signal at frequency of 2.45 GHz from the feed line to the exciter of surface waves and in the region of the plasma column is investigated. The structure is presented as coaxial line and load – dielectric chamber filled with plasma with fixed parameters (including the gas temperature) and screening metal enclosure with orifice (nozzle). The metal enclosure causes reflection of the EM wave from the chamber end and as a result – a standing wave in the discharge is established. This structure requires the system to be considered as two separate regions: coaxial line with TEM wave propagation and plasma column in dielectric tube with metal enclosure with TM wave. In the EM field simulations the chamber length and metal enclosure radius are varied, because they affect the dispersion relation of surface waves and respectively the resonant chamber length. Minimum values of voltage standing wave ration (VSWR) and maximum values of axial electric field are obtained at several different fixed values of plasma density.


This commodification-or, in historical perspective, recommodification (see Scull, this issue)-of &dquo;social junk&dquo; has been taking place relatively unnoticed because it is masked by a myth: the myth of deinstitutionalization and community care (see also Rothman, 1980). The myth is as follows. From the nineteenth century to the 1950s, society relied increasingly first on countyand then on state-funded institutions to house nonworking and deviant populations: state mental hospitals for the mentally ill and elderly, prisons and jails for criminals, juvenile halls and camps for delinquents, and state facilities for the retarded. Since the 1950s, there has been an ideological shift of emphasis from custodial care in these large facilities to community placement and nonresidential treatment and care: the so-called deinstitutionalization


Abstract : We explore the feasibility of plasma instabilities in quantum well structures with the aim of developing compact, coherent THz radiation sources, by introducing and studying specific structures which could lead to experimental verification of current driven plasma instabilities, and ensuing Thz radiation. A fully self-consistent formalism was developed to determine the non-equilibrium steady state under bias. Determination of the non-equilibrium steady state provides the I-V curves and the plasma response. These are in good agreement with experiments carried out at TU Vienna. A sharp emission line was obtained in the most recent structure, suggesting that we are close to the onset of plasma instability. Effects of magnetic field on the electron-electron scattering rate was studied theoretically, and experimentally verified, providing a diagnostic tool for the relative strength of two-electron, vs. one-electron scattering processes. A new connection was established with an experimental group at UC Santa Barbara, to obtain an independent proof of principle of the plasma instability phenomenon in a THz pumped quantum well structure.


This study examines the long-run and short-run causal relationships among readymade garments export, total export earnings, and net foreign direct investment inflows utilizing data from the financial year 1996-97 to 2019-20. The autoregressive distributed lag bounds test discloses the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. This study also employed the Johansen cointegration test to supplement the results of the ARDL approach. This cointegration test confirms the presence of two cointegration equations. In addition, the Toda-Yamamoto test is performed to demonstrate the existence of short-run and long-run relationships among the variables. The results indicate that there is bidirectional causality between RMG exports and total exports in the short run as well as in the long run. Another important aspect of this study is that there is bidirectional causality between FDI and total export earnings in the short run but there is a unidirectional causality in the long run. The analysis also gives insights like single sector dominance, problems that existed in the RMG sector, and problems and prospects of FDI inflow. Further, keeping in view with these problems, the study urges pragmatic feasible measures for sustainable export growth.


Cristobal de Acuna, Nuevo descubrimiento del Gran rio de las Amazonas, ed. Ignacio Arellano, Jose M. Diez Borque, and Gonzalo Santonja, Madrid, Iberoamericana, and Frankfurt am Main, Vervuert, 2009, pp. 181, p/b. ISBN: 978-84-8489-445-2 (Iberoamericana) and 978-3-86527-460-1 (Vervuert) David Armitage, Conal Condren, and Andrew Fitzmaurice (eds), Shakespeare and Early Modern Political Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. xii + 289, h/b. £55.00/$95.00, ISBN: 978-0-521-76808-5 Marco Barducci, Anthony Ascham ed if pensiero politico inglese (1 648-1650 ), Florence, Centro Editorale Toscano, 2008, pp. 219, p/b. ISBN: 978-88-7957-280-4 William Baspoole, The Pi/grime, ed. Kathryn Walls with Marguerite Stobo, Tempe, Arizona, Arizona Center for Medieval & Renaissance Studies in conjunction with Renaissance English Text Society, 2008, pp. xxiv + 558, h/b. £43.00/$70.00, ISBN: 978-0-86698-385-3 Holm Bevers, Lee Hendrix, William W. Robinson, & Peter Schatborn, Drawings by Rembrandt and His Pupils: Telling the Difference, Los Angeles, The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2009, pp. xii + 276, p/b. ISBN: 978-0-89236-979-9 Julie D. Campbell & Anne R. Larsen (eds), Early Modern Women and Transnational Communities of Letters, with a foreword by Diana Robin and an afterword by Margaret J. M. Ezell, Farnham & Burlington, VT, Ashgate, 2009, pp. xxii + 330, h/b. £65.00, ISBN: 978-0-75466-738-4 Mercedes Maroto Camino, Exploring the Explorers: Spaniards in Oceania, 1519-1794, Manchester & New York, Manchester University Press, 2008, pp. xi+ 243, h/b. £60.00, ISBN: 978-0-7190-7779-1 Cervantes, Don Quixote, translated by James H. Montgomery, Introduction by David Quint, Indianapolis & Cambridge, Hackett, 2009, pp. xlii + 846, p/b. £10.95, ISBN: 978-0-87220-958-9 Peter Davidson, The Universal Baroque, Manchester & New York, Manchester University Press, 2007, pp. xv + 208, h/b. £50.00, ISBN: 978-0-7190-7572-8 Rainer Decker, Witchcraft and the Papacy: An Account drawing on the Formerly Secret Records of the Roman Inquisition, translated by H. C. Erik Midelfort, Charlottesville & London, University of Virginia Press, 2008, pp. xv + 262, h/b. £42.50, ISBN: 978-0-81-392747-3 Stewart A. Dippel, The Sacralization of the World in the Seventeenth Century: The


Administration is a part of the school that functions as a support for teaching and learning activities so that it runs smoothly according to what has been planned and can be achieved as desired.


This work presents a collapsed generalized Aw-Rascle-Zhang (CGARZ) model, which fits into a generic second order model (GSOM) framework. GSOMs augment the evolution of the traffic density by a second state variable characterizing a property of vehicles or drivers. A cell transmission model for the numerical solution of GSOMs is derived, which is based on analyzing the sending and receiving functions of the traffic density and total property. The predictive accuracy of the CGARZ model is then compared to the classical first-order LWR and four second-order models. To that end, a systematic approach to calibrate model parameters from sensor flow-density data is introduced and applied to all models studied. The comparative model validation is conducted using two types of field data: vehicle trajectory data, and loop detector data. It is shown that the CGARZ model provides an intriguing combination of simple model dynamics in the free-flow regime and a representation of the spread of flow-density data in the congested regime, while possessing a competitive prediction accuracy.


BACKGROUND
Chest injuries, accounting for 25% of all trauma-related deaths, are one of the main causes of death in young adults. Our priority is the early identification of life-threatening injuries both immediate and delayed. The role of various biomarkers, such as Clara cell protein 16, von Willebrand factor, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor, and angiopoietin, has been studied in trauma-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels have been studied in non-trauma-related ARDS. The aim of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the role of ACE levels as a prognostic marker in thoracic trauma.

METHODS
A prospective observational study was conducted to evaluate serum ACE levels in thoracic trauma patients and to explore its prognostic potential with regard to clinical outcome. A total of 48 thoracic trauma patients were included in the study.

RESULTS
The mean ACE level in the study population was 66.54+-11.18. A strong positive correlation was found among serum ACE levels and Thoracic Trauma Severity Score (TTSS).

CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrates that serum ACE levels are increased in thoracic trauma patients with higher levels, indicating the severe nature of trauma in concordance with increased TTSS scores.


The phytoseiid mites fauna of coniferous trees and shrubs were surveyed in northern Iran. Sixteen phytoseiid species belonging to 6 genera were identified on 11 plant species. Among them, Typhlodromus ( Anthoseius ) foenilis (Oudemans 1930) is considered as new record for mites fauna of Iran. Detailed morphological characteristics based on adult of both sexes of T . ( A .) foenilis are given. An identification key to phytoseiid mites associated with conifers in Iran is also provided.


Polarization-induced pairing is among the variety of mechanisms considered relevant to high-/ital T//sub /ital c// superconductivity. We have recently shown that accounting for the vibronic polarizabilities results in increased pairing energies. These premises are now discussed on a more rigorous basis using quantum field theory. Specific models are described which may materialize in particular oxide systems.


In this paper, we proposed depth map measurement and generation for multi-view video system. The presented architecture adopts video segmentation scheme and disparity estimation technique to generate depth map. During the procedure, luminance compensation, object-based disparity estimation and triangulation algorithm are performed to estimate accurate depth information. Further, hardware architecture of depth map measurement and generation is achieved using structure of multiple processor elements. The proposed architecture performs accurate depth map measurement and generation for multi-view video system.


Objective To analyze the influence of curved or irregular body surface on the dose distribution,and compare and evaluate the different correction methods in clinical use.Methods First,we deduced the formula for the effective source skin distance(SSD) method,then we used the effective SSD method,the ratio of tissue air ratios/tissure maximum ratios(TARs/TMRs) method and the isodose chart shift method to calculate the dose for a typical curved body.Results The deviation among three methods was less than 1%,and the amount of work for calculation was similar,however the different theory was used in each method.Conclusion The effective SSD method or the ratio of TARs/TMRs method should be used to calculate the dose for curved body surface.In addition,formula DA=Dm×PDD(SSD,r1,d)×(SSD+d)2/(SSD+h+d)2 is recommended to replace the formula DA=Dm×PDD(SSD,r,d)×(SSD+dm)2/(SSD+h+dm)2 when applying the effective SSD method.


A combination puzzle was developed to assist with the teaching of fatty acid-containing lipids. The puzzle is a two-sided match-and-flip puzzle; the front side of a puzzle piece bears the names of building blocks, whereas the back of each puzzle piece reveals the corresponding chemical structure. The puzzle promotes intellectual exploration by alleviating the tedious task of memorizing. Finding solutions to the puzzle broadens the understanding of basic concepts such as the structure−function relationship of lipids while highlighting specific molecular details such as functional groups, saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids, and polarity. The strength of the puzzle is its flexibility; it allows the instructor to shift attention from the general building block level to a particular detail of choice without losing focus. The use of the puzzle is intended for nonscience major students and introductory level biochemistry students. Informal feedback from arts-and-media majors showed that students using the ...


The experiment was conducted to evaluate growth, yield and chemical compositions of lettuce cultivar fire red under different culture systems hydroponic, aeroponic and sandy substrate. This experiment was conducted at the greenhouses of vegetable crops department, faculty of agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The systems were constructed at controlled experimental fiberglass greenhouse. The number of leaves was highest in hydroponic system compared with in aeroponic and sandy substrate systems after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of transplanting. On the other hand, the aeroponic system produced the tallest lettuce plants after 4 and 6 weeks of transplanting. Also, the aeroponic plants root length exceeded significantly roots length at the other culture systems. The root length of aeroponic was higher than the sandy substrate and hydroponic with 67.5 and 62.0 %, respectively. Hydroponic system produced the highest shoots fresh weight and yield. The yield of hydroponic system has risen 2.51 fold than the yield of sandy substrate. While the raise in yield of aerponic system in compared with the yield of sandy substrate reached to 2.30 fold. Roots fresh and dry weight in aeroponic was the highest among all systems. Sandy substrate recorded the highest plant dry matter after 6 weeks of transplanting. On the contrary, the sandy substrate recorded the lowest N, P and K % compared with aeroponic and Hydroponic systems while the highest N, P and K % was at lettuce in hydroponic system.


The technology of clock flatness has been one of the essential interface techniques in multiplex system.On traditional design there should be a set of analogue circuits,coursing a lot of hardware and complex debugging. This paper introduces the technology by using FPGA to implement the Primary order signals, Clock Digital Flatness, especially with the illustration of parameter setting and clock-switching.


Introductions: Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for 90% of all ovarian malignancies. More than 70% of patients will experience a relapse even after receiving operative therapy and chemotherapy. There are several prognostic factors that influence the recurrence of ovarian cancer. In Indonesia, especially at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, the data as mentioned above is still very limited.objective: Knowing the disease-free survival rate, optimizing surgery and factors related to the incidence of recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer patients at Dr. Kariadi Hospital SemarangMethods: This study is a retrospective cohort study with survival analysis. Data were collected through medical records, with the study population are patients with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang in period January 2018-December 2019. Furthermore, patients who had been remission were observed for signs of disease recurrence for 2 years period.Results: There were 361 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent primary treatment at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang in  2018-2019. Furthermore, there were observations of recurrence in 148 patients who achieved remission. Of these 76 patients (51.4%) experienced recurrence, while 72 patients not relapse. From 148 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent cytoreduction surgery at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, 113 patients (76.4%) achieved optimal operation with a residu less than 2 cm, while 35 patients (23.6%) were not optimal with a residu more than 2 cm. FIGO stage (HR 2.44) and tumor residu (HR 2.15) were shown to be significant factors associated with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.Conclusion: Overall disease-free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer at Dr. Kariadi Semarang were 74.8% (6 months), 57.1% (1 year), 42.5% (18 months), and 37.4% (2 years). Tumor residual factors and FIGO stage were shown to be significant prognostic factors influencing the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.


Objective:To study the existence of non—apoptosis cell death, particularly the autophagic cell death in human gastric cancer cell lines SGC—7901 and BGC—823 induced by microtubule—targeting agents, Taxol and VCR. Methods: Apoptosis rates and cell death rates were determined by flow cytometry and tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetry, respectively. The non—apoptosis cell death was observed after DAPI stain using fluorescent microscopy. Autophagy and autoghagic cell death were detected after acriding orange stain using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. Results: BGC—823 was less sensible to the apoptosis induced by Taxol or VCR, but there were some kinds of non—apoptosis cell death existence. The autophagic vacuoles were increased quickly after Taxol or VCR treated in BGC—823, and the peak of autophagy,induced by Taxol, occurred 3h—6h after medication ,but the peak of autophagy, induced by VCR, 24h. Conclusions: Microtubule—targeting agent Taxol and VCR can induce autophagy and autophagic cell death in less apoptosis—sensible cell line BGC—823.


The process of single screw compressor is analyzed. According to the characteristic of clearance leakage between the screw and wheel,a flow model of compressible fluid in a convergent nozzle is used to simulate a leakage process of the fluid and the calculating method of the insulation efficiency and the volume efficiency of single screw compressor is obtained.


Just what is meant by "practical work," in such an institution as Teachers College? This question must be answered in order to define the problem. The term is used with reference to strictly professional training, not in connection with ordinary laboratory work such as is necessary in physical and biological sciences, nor with written exercises such as are common in the study of most academic subjects and in courses in the theoretical aspects of education. Probably nothing will be more helpful in approaching this problem than a glance at the conditions in professions other than education.


The objective is to study more efficient medium access control protocol(MAC) for Ad hoc networks.Based on the analysis of the popular representative MAC protocols,a proved MAC protocol based on TDMA mechanism is proposed.This MAC protocol mechanism improves the channel utilization and the data transport reliability.


Leriche syndrome is characterized by atheromatous occlusion of the infrarenal aorta, common iliac arteries or both. Few data regarding the burden of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in African countries were found. In a South African urban population above 50 years PAD prevalence was estimated at 29.3%[1]. A population-based study in central Africa highlights the elevated prevalence of PAD in the elderly, 15.0% in Bangui and 32.4% in Brazzaville[2]. Considering the epidemiological transition recently observed in some low/ middle income countries, primary prevention of PAD progression is of utmost relevance.


This thesis provides the concepts for the construction of an integrated computer communications network, as would be appropriate for the Republic of Korea (ROK) Defense Data Network (DDN) . The current ROK military communications system and its problems are discussed, along with the requirements of the ROK Armed Forces. The basic concepts of data communications and the United States DDN are also analyzed. Through synthesis of these concepts, the goals of the required system and a proposed ROKM DDN model are provided.


This paper aims to highlight the role of mutual assistance of China and Pakistan's regional connectivity through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and show what lessons can be learned by Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). CPEC promotes trade, FDI, peace, and sustainable socio-economic development, and it can help to alleviate the effects of COVID-19 in the region to promote socio-economic development. In this study, we employed the Rolling Window Approach (Rolling Moving Average Approach) for data analysis of pre- and post-COVID-19. It also focuses on before and after the CPEC initiative's impact on the Pakistani economy through the Rolling Window Approach and graphical trends. In Pakistan, thanks to CPEC;trade, FDI, remittance, and the stock exchange (PSX) showed an upward shift. Terrorism decreased, which indicates a positive sign for peace and socio-economic development. However, currency depreciation increased, and the exchange rate trend is going up against the dollar, hurting the economy badly in several ways, such as the balance of payment, current account deficit, and lower some exports. To mitigate these issues, Pakistan and China have taken steps as trade formulated in domestic currency between China and Pakistan. During COVID-19, the provision of health care equipment on a priority basis from China helped to combat the COVID-19 effects and stabilize Pakistan's Economy. CPEC is structured to connect regional economic zones by forming local, regional, and global value chains. To cope with the COVID-19 impacts, socio-economic reforms and regional cooperation are suggested for CEECs with a pre-post circumstances review. Regional integration and cooperation are key to coping with this pandemic. CEECs can learn lessons from CPEC for socio-economic development, reducing violence, and improving the economy.


One of the biggest demanding situations for food security in the 21 st century is to enhance crop yield stability through the improvement of diseases-resistant crops. Managing plant health is a major challenge for modern food production and compounded by the lack of common ground among the many disease control disciplines involved. All plants simultaneously engage with billions of microbes which can be collectively referred to as the plant microbiome. Most microbes inside the plant microbiome are harmless or even beneficial to the plant as they promote plant growth or provide protection in opposition to diseases. However, some of these microbes also cause disease with devastating effects on crop yields. To prevent pathogen infection, plants have evolved an advanced innate immune system that recognizes conserved cell surface molecules that most pathogen possesses. Activation of the plant immune system stops the invading pathogen, however this comes with fitness cost that significantly reduces plant growth and leads to yield penalty. Apart from their innate immune system controlling pre-programmed defense reactions, plants can also increase the responsiveness of their immune system in response to selected environmental signals. This phenomenon is known as "defense priming". Although defense priming rarely provides full protection, its broad-spectrum effectiveness, low-fitness cost, long‐lasting durability and inherited to future generations make it attractive for sustainable crop protection.


Roughly 22% of all pregnancies end in an abortion [1]. This rate goes up to as much as 75% in pregnancies occurring in advanced age. Normally once women seek counselling with bleeding in early pregnancy mostly the standard method of finding viability has been clinical evaluation, doing an ultrasonography along with quantitative HCG levels and repeated USG for confirmation of a missed abortion causing loss of time and emotional sequelae [2]. Robinson et al. [2] quoted that stress and anxiety is worst at the time of initial knowledge than the depression that follows the final miscarriage [2]. Garcia [3] reviewed the risk factors for these. Importance of making an early diagnosis is that one can stop the medications like P or oral anticoagulants, while those who have an ongoing IUP, one can reassure the patient and observe her medically.


In the preceding works on the tree networks composed of binary symmetric channel (BSC), the path diversity effects are discussed in [8]-[10]. In [9], it is shown that the error probability of majority decision at the fusion center is almost constant regardless of network size. This constant property of error probability has not been discussed theoretically. In this paper, a new approach of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is proposed for the theoretical explanation on the constant property. A random tree network is presented to model a network with a large number of nodes randomly deployed over a field. The error probability of random tree network is analyzed for data fusion of end-nodes by SNR, which is shown to be useful to explain the constant property. Based on the analytical expressions, the effects of system parameters on error probability of random tree network are demonstrated.


OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to describe the results of a retrospective analysis of a specific cohort of patients with benign lip lesions encountered in the last 15 years in the School of Medicine at Karadeniz Technical University.

METHOD
A total of 312 patients were managed for lip lesions during the period 2000-2014. Data from 160 samples of benign lip biopsies were retrieved from the pathology laboratory records.

RESULTS
The study group included 20 different histopathological types of lesions, with mucocele being the most frequent lesion (43.13 per cent). The other frequent lesions were chronic inflammatory infiltrate (11.25 per cent), intradermal naevus (5.63 per cent), pyogenic granuloma (5.63 per cent), fibroma (5 per cent) and papilloma (5 per cent). Mucocele was significantly more common in younger patients (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Knowledge of the epidemiology and distribution of oral mucosal lesions is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. Further epidemiological studies exploring the causal relationships and risk factors for lip lesions are necessary for a better understanding of lip diseases.


David Hessel , Carolyn Lawrence , and Nick Lauter 1,2,3* 1 Interdepartmental Genetics Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, U.S.A. 2 Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, U.S.A 3 USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, Ames, IA, 50011, U.S.A. 4 Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, U.S.A. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: email@example.com


The conventional solution proportioner, which is costly and bulky with complex mechanical structure, cant meet the current requirements of the apparatus, such as miniaturization, high reliability and accuracy. Based on the piezoelectric actuation technique, this paper proposed and developed a solution proportioning technique of large dilution ratio. And on the basis of this technology we produced a physical prototype, in which piezoelectric vibrators are used as the main power units and control parts because piezoelectric vibrators are featured with low cost, compact volume, simple structure, non-pollution and others. The physical prototype can be used to dilute various sample solutions of various proportions for one or more times.


A simple technique, using a psychrometric chart, is described for computing air change and evaporative cooler requirements to maintain conditions within an intensive animal shed within the optimum range. The design of a ducted air distribution system is also covered.


A thermal study was made of a magnetic bubble mass memory dual in-line package, which contains four bubble chips with a total memory capacity of 1/4 Mbits. The package consists of a number of component parts; and there are two groups of heat sources in the package distributed in the chips and in the driving coils. To determine the thermal characteristics of the bubble package, experiments were conducted to measure the transient and steady state temperature distribution of the package under certain natural convection conditions. It was found that the maximum steady state chip temperature rise over the magnet and the shield can may be expressed in terms of the total chip power, Q chips and the total coil power, Q coils , as \DeltaT_{i} = R_{ai} Q_{chips} + R_{bi}, Q_{coils}, i = 1,2 , where R ai and R bi have the dimension of thermal resistance and have been experimentally determined. The transient temperature distribution was measured from initial package temperatures of -50°C, 20°C and 90°C. Also, experiments were conducted to measure the transient temperature change from a steady state when the package was suddenly cooled by directed air jets. In all these cases the maximum temperature difference between the chips and the magnets at all times was determined, from which the deviation of the bias magnetic field from a desired value can be calculated from the temperature coefficient of the magnets and the garnet chips. This deviation is one of the factors that has to be taken into account in determining the minimum common margin between the high and low limits in which the bubble package can operate satisfactorily in the temperature range specified.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of affiliative leadership style on organizational performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted Cross sectional survey research design. The target respondents were 35729 middle level staff in the 20 commercial state corporations in Kenya. Stratified sampling was used to select 384 respondents for the study. This study used primary data which was collected through use of structured questionnaires. Data from the questionnaires were analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) to derive descriptive results. Pilot study was conducted to measure the reliability and validity of the questionnaires. The reliability of the instrument was tested using the Cronbach Alpha method.
Results: revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between affiliative leadership and organizational performance (r=0.316, p=0.000). This was supported by a calculated t-statistic of 11.524 which is larger than the critical t-statistic of 1.96 (Kothari, 2011) and a p value of less than the conventional 0.05.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the finding that affiliative leadership positively affect organizational performance, the study recommends that the management should ensure that there is a strong bond across the teams and provide regular positive feedback which can have a powerful impact on performance
Keywords: Affiliative leadership, performance


The present study investigates the role of internal processes and specific performance measures (flaring and CO2 emissions) in corporate sustainability reporting in the Canadian petroleum industry. It also contributes to the debate between socio-political and economic perspectives for explaining the level of sustainability reporting. By limiting our study to just one industry, the Canadian oil and gas industry, we are able to eliminate potentially confounding variables that have been present in other cross-sectional studies. We introduce Environmental Management System (process), which we argue is a proxy for strategy, into the equation. We also emphasize the contextual importance of institutional investors and consumer presence to sustainability reporting. We find that these variables offer considerable explanatory power to our equation. The behavior of the economic and sustainability performance variables is a mix of the predictions of various socio-political and economic theories. As a result, we call for more firm level contextual research before closing the debate among researchers subscribing to alternative perspectives of theorizing.


Abstract A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrite ion or chloramine T is proposed utilizing a gallein-molybdenum complex in the presence of N-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in acidic media. Also, a sensitive catalytic spectrophotometric procedure for determi


Except the alkaline metals and alkaline-earth metals and some heavy metals such as Pb, Fe, etc the majority of elements within this class emerge in small amounts, dispersed in natural backgrounds, in raw materials, deposits, industrial waters, dead catalysts and not ultimately in rivers basin, lakes and oceans. Presently, trials are being more and more intensively undergone for their isolation and concentration as well as for rare metals recovery, which are expensive. In order to solve these issues researchers shall widely resort to the use of different types compounds, among which the oximic derivatives are to be found. The intended outcome for the accomplished theoretical and experimental researches is to provide the possibilities for the use of oximes as precipitating reagents and the determination of some metals within the analytical practice. In the present work there are shown physico-chemical characterization with middle transformation IR spectra, TG, DTA, and DTG measurements studies the thermal behavior of the nickel (II) chelates with asymmetric -dioximes. These complexes have a great importance from the analytical methods for determining the metal mentioned under this form.The work presents also the spectrometric methods for determining the nickel with aliphatic asymmetric dioximes, namely the methyl-ethyl-dioxime, respectively methyl-isopropyl-dioxime. The statistical interpretation of the experimental data, in comparison with other methods which are known in the literature and we specially refer to the determinations based upon the reaction of nickel with dimethylgioxime certify that the worked out methods of the present work are enough accurate and reproducible for the purpose we have in view. The asymmetric dioximes may set up potential organic reagents in the analytic determinations of nickel and palladium, as they are extremely sensitive and selective for this metal.


The summary The analysis of the prevalence of periodontal disease in Ufa and the Republic of Belarus, influence of risk factors in these patients. It was determined that the CDW was observed in 76 % of patients with the total number of periodontal diseases, and motivation were referring to a periodontist – bleeding gums (59,26 %), plaque (33,33 %), aesthetic discomfort (26,75 %), bad breath (34,3 %). Identified these risk factors for CDW as the depth of the vestibule of the lips, strands, bridles in 80,3 % of cases, the pathology of occlusion in 16.7 % of people crowding of teeth in 43,2 % of patients. The algorithm of treatment and prevention for patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases with the use of fluoride toothpaste and parodontax® s opalaskivatelya oral parodontax® without alcohol complex treatment results were evaluated on the basis of the dynamic clinical observation for 3 months. Determined the clinical efficacy of the algorithm with the objective and subjective examination using indexes Green Vermillion PI, PMA and phenomena stomalgii and dryness, of halitosis, discomfort in the mouth.


DrGoniometer.

Medicine.

Apple (iOS 7.0 or later). Available for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch.

iOS €11.99, US$11.99.

DrGoniometer is the first app validated for image-based goniometry.1 Its aim is to provide quick, simple measurement of joint mobility with all the advantages of photographic or video goniometry. Measurement is obtained by positioning a virtual goniometer—represented by two or three markers visible on the smartphone screen—on a photograph or video obtained via the smartphone camera (figure 1⇓–3). Picture taking is supported with perpendicular reference to ground level, iPhone alignment identification and patient central position referencing. The clinician chooses the desired joint or goniometric procedure from a list and the respective motion to measure (eg, flexion and extension), then simply takes a photo of the limb, saves it, measures the joint angle and observes the value.1 DrGoniometer also offers the possibility to analyse …


A Multiplexer IF digital air-ground data communication system is presented.The symbols transferred by the transmitter are divided into 16 parallel streams that spread spectrum by 16 orthogonal PN sequences.Each DSSS signal is modulated to a digital BPSK IF stream separately at the same frequency by one AD6623's TSP channel,and all of them are combined in summation.The receiver de-spreads each DSSS signal separately and recoveries the symbols.


In this study, theoretical and experimental studies were conducted in terms of electro-mechanical impedance spectroscopy (EMIS) to monitor the structural health status of thick metallic bar structures in broad-band frequency in the range up to 15 MHz. Thus, in-plane (longitudinal-wise) and out-of-plane (thickness-wise) mode EMI spectra were included in this range of frequency. Then, the thickness mode EMIS peaks were focused for pristine thick steel bar as a baseline and for bars with simulated damage in different depths and different locations. For theoretical part of the study, coupled field finite element analyses (CF-FEA) were carried out by modeling piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) bonded on steel bars in pristine and in damaged status. The thickness mode EMIS results from both CF-FEA simulations and EMIS measurements were analyzed to investigate the effects of the damage location and size variations through a statistical pattern recognition method as damage index such as the root mean square deviation, RMSD, method. It was found that RMSD values were similar trend for experimental and CF-FEA.


First-principles study of LiGa Li2S,GaS,Ga2S3 and LiGaS2 thermodynamic functions in Li-Ga-S system was performed by using plane-wave pseudopotential method. All possible chemical reactions were analyzed. It was found that the goal product LiGaS2 comes from four chemical reactions. Free energy change of direct synthesis from elements is high. Free energy change of synthesis from Li2S and Ga2S3 decreases with increasing temperature,but Ga2S3 is difficult to be obtained. These two reactions can not occur in this system. The remaining reactions by LiGa and S method and Li2S and GaS method can occur due to their low free energy changes. Free energy changes generating Li2S,GaS and LiGa are low.


In the current circumstances demanding for active exploitation of industrial by-products like copper slag, need is to investigate thoroughly the difference with the requirements of KS F 2526 standing as the standard for the grades of conventional fine aggregates as well as the effects of the difference of the particle shapes on the properties of the cement compound in order to verify the applicability of such by-products. This study performed physical analysis test using mortar to reflect efficiently the diversity of the test parameters by varying minutely the replacement ratio of copper slag for example. Based on theoretical backgrounds, attempt has been done to provide the adequate replacement ratio of copper slag with respect to natural sand. Test results revealed that, among the two types of copper slag produced in Korea, continuous furnace copper slag exhibiting lognormal distribution of the grains is presenting relatively satisfactory physical properties. In addition, it appeared that the appropriate replacement ratio should be limited to 30% to secure stability considering the fluctuation in the management.


In this paper we describe an approach for the realization of 3D resist patterns for implant applications, highlighting the opportunities of controlling doping depth and profiles and their influence on device parameters. We choose a grayscale litho process, where the 3D structuring of the photoresist is done by a spatially variable exposure. Pixilated grayscale mask structures are defined to achieve the desired 3D resist patterns by locally variable transmittance values. The variable transmittance values result in different resist film thicknesses after development. Up to 20 different resist film thicknesses are obtained within a single exposure shot. This enables spatial patterning of the implant depth and accordingly various novel approaches for device optimization.


Abstract One important factor concerning the internationalization of higher education might be the adoption of a common language as the medium of instruction. For non‐English speaking countries this language tends to be English. Though educational institutions in Europe have already started to conduct (parts of) their curricula in English it is still not clear what effects this change of instructional language will have either on the lecturers involved or on the quality of their instruction. The present article is an attempt to provide an answer to these questions, based on Dutch experiences.


We demonstrate frequency tuning of whispering-gallery mode resonances in a fused-silica microsphere by means of temperature control. Scattering spectra of the microsphere are measured using a tunable narrow-linewidth diode laser, and the frequency scale is precisely calibrated from a simultaneously observed spectrum of rubidium vapor. The resonant frequencies of whispering-gallery modes can be varied linearly by temperature elevation and lowering, at a rate of -2.6 GHz/K for a 190 µm sphere.


This invention relates to a data processing and delivery device comprising a data bus, a routing unit (15) to manage communications over the data bus, data processing units (11, 12 ), and a local memory (16) for temporarily storing data. A transmitting processing unit (11) transmits to the routing unit an identifier (ID1). The routing unit comprises a communication table (151) enabling it to determine the receiving processing unit (12) from the identifier. The routing unit provides communication between the transmitting processing unit (11) and the receiving processing unit (12) according to a value of an availability register (tag). If the receiving processing unit is available, the data transfer is live; otherwise the data transfer is done via the local memory (16).


This paper proposes a novel and efficient jitter analysis method for high speed links. Based on step responses of the high speed link and information of jitters injected, the proposed method generates the eye diagram of link receiver for jitter impact evaluation. In this method, the range of jitter is converted into the range of voltage variation on step responses. Bounds of the eye diagram are calculated through the ultimate value of voltage variation on step responses, which dramatically improves the calculation efficiency with high accuracy. Another advantage of the proposed method is that the jitter is processed in time sequence. It helps the proposed method analyze the time correlated jitter correctly.


We present a method for determining the uncertainty in the measurement of parameters that describe the dynamics of a Foucault's pendulum. In the document, we review how these parameters can be obtained. Then, we propose a method for evaluating the uncertainty in their determination. We illustrate the method with experimentation made on a 28m height pendulum located at 20° 35' north latitude.


The results of study of renal effects of blockers of the renin-angiotensin system and nitric oxide metabolites cycle in white rats at an early point in time simulation of the pilot. Animals were administered thyroxine (T4), 50 g bw mkg/100 once and for 5 or 7 days. Together with T4 animals were administered captopril, losartan, L-arginine, sodium nitrite, and ascorbic acid. The activities of the kidneys examined 24 h after administration of T4 in a 5% water loading. It is established that the RAS blockers increase the amount of creatinine clearance after single and prolonged administration of T4 to rats, however, decreased release of endogenous rat kidneys nitrate and protein, as well as preventing the retention of endogenous nitrite is registered only in the appointment of the animals after 5 days of losartan. after the administration of T4. Prolonged administration of T4 to rats is accompanied by shifting arginine-dependent pathway of NO synthesis by nitrite reductase, as evidenced by the absence of pronounced corrective effect of exogenous arginine renotrophic in hyperthyroid animals, in contrast, increased creatinine clearance under the influence of exogenous sodium nitrite in the group of hyperthyroid animals.


The glutamine is the most plentiful amino acid in the organism and the main energetic substrate for the immune system cells. In some stressful situations, as an extreme physical effort, it can reduce until 50%. It has been used in endurance sports as marathon and of force as weightlifting to improve the performance and the immune resistance. Soccer is the most practiced sport in the world and it presents great physical requirements. The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of the chronic supplementation of glutamine on physical capacities in soccer players. Originally, the studied population consisted of 23 soccer players, and after wards 14 athletes, with average age of 16,00 ± 0,55 years old, from a soccer team of the Sao Paulo state. In order to study the situation, test were performed in four moments: test to check the speed (TVPA - RAST), agility (Shuttle Run), vertical jump (vertical jump with arms help), flexibility (sitting down and reaching), endurance (12min and lactate) and anaerobic resistance. Five diary grams on 30 days of glutamine were given to the athletes after practices. The ANOVA, test F and test Tukey were used to analyse data. As results, it was noticed that in this protocol, it didn't promote the improvement of the appraised physical capacities.


Once an ergonomic office chair is purchased in the workplace, it usually remains in circulation far beyond its acceptable life cycle and warranty. Older chairs present ergonomic and safety risks exposing employees to unnecessary musculoskeletal stress and strain resulting in injury exposure claims for the employer. This paper introduces a chair assessment methodology using predictive analytics to evaluate the quality and competency of an office ergonomic chair over time. Rather than relying solely on an employee's subjective, biased opinion of chair quality or waiting for absolute failure; instead an objective, measurable rating scale is used to determine chair status. The Chair Assessment (software) System (CAS) provides an overall score indicating whether the chair should remain in use, be repaired or removed from circulation in a timely manner so it can be replaced. The Chair Assessment System is part of a furniture asset management system focused specifically on chair use-life cycle.


Introduction: Despite the large body of research in cancer and increasing numbers of cancer survivors, knowledge about the risks and prognoses related to thrombocytopenia in the clinical care setting is scarce. Such information is important to understanding the need and potential impact of platelet transfusion and emerging drug therapies for thrombocytopenia. In this study, we examined the risk of thrombocytopenia among patients with incident cancer. Further, we studied the extent to which thrombocytopenia was associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
 Methods: This population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the Danish Cancer Registry. All patients diagnosed with incident hematologic malignancies and solid tumors (age of ≥18 years) during 2015─2018 were identified. Data were linked with routine laboratory test results from the primary care and hospital settings, as recorded in the Danish Register of Laboratory Results for Research. Based on platelet count levels (x 10 9/L), thrombocytopenia was categorized as grade 0 (any count)<150; grade 1:<100; grade 2:<75; grade 3:<50; and grade 4: <25. We tabulated the prevalence of thrombocytopenia at study inclusion and calculated the cumulative incidence proportion (risk) of thrombocytopenia, accounting for the competing risk of death. Each patient with thrombocytopenia was matched up to 5 cancer patients without thrombocytopenia by age, sex, cancer type, cancer stage, and time from cancer diagnosis and index date. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of adverse clinical outcomes, including any bleeding leading to hospitalization, site-specific bleeding leading to hospitalization, transfusion (red blood cell, platelet, or fresh frozen plasma), and death. HRs were adjusted for Charlson Comorbidity Index scores and matching factors by design.
 Results: The analytic cohort comprised 11,785 patients with hematologic malignancies and 57,600 patients with solid tumors (median age=70 years). Any thrombocytopenia was observed during the 6 months preceding study inclusion among 18% of patients with hematologic malignancies (grades 1-2: 6% and grades 3-4: 5%) and 4% of patients with solid tumors (grades 1-2: 1% and grades 3-4: 0%). The 1-year and 4-year risks of new-onset thrombocytopenia were 30% and 40% for hematologic malignancies and 21% and 28% for solid tumors, respectively (Figure 1). Among patients who initiated chemotherapy following their cancer diagnosis (n=33,165), the 1-year and 4-year risks of thrombocytopenia were 50% and 62% for hematologic malignancies and 39% and 49% for solid tumors, respectively (Figure 2). Patients with grade 4 thrombocytopenia had higher rates of any bleeding leading to hospitalization than patients without thrombocytopenia [hematologic malignancies: HR=2.31 (95% CI: 1.43-3.73) and solid tumors: HR=4.52 (95% CI: 2.00-10.24)], while grades 1-3 thrombocytopenia did not confer a significantly increased rate of hospitalization for bleeding (Table 1). All grades of thrombocytopenia were associated with an increased rate of transfusion [overall for hematologic malignancies: HR=2.06 (95% CI: 1.91-2.23), and overall for solid tumors: HR=2.13 (95% CI: 1.83-2.48)] and with death [overall for hematologic malignancies: HR=2.01 (95% CI: 1.84-2.20), and overall for solid tumors: HR=1.44 (95% CI: 1.39-1.49)]. These associations increased in magnitude with decreasing platelet count levels.
 Conclusions: The risk of thrombocytopenia was substantial following a diagnosis of incident hematologic malignancy and solid tumors, with higher risks among patients who initiated chemotherapy. While only severe thrombocytopenia was a predictor of any hospitalization for bleeding, all grades of thrombocytopenia were associated with increased rates of transfusion and death. Our findings support the need for regular assessment of platelet count levels to identify cancer patients at risk of serious clinical outcomes.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Clouser: Amgen: Current Employment, Other: This work is related to Chemotherapy Induced Thrombocytopenia as a disease state, in this essence it is not directly related to an Amgen product; CIT is an area of scientific interest to Amgen with Romiplostim under development for this potential indicati. Saad: Amgen: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company.


This study aims to analyze the phenomena of the digital divide in the community of Tierra Blanca and presents the case of the Agricultural Information Service in Tierra Blanca as a solution to reduce the digital divide in this farming community. Based on the promise that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have a great importance in today´s society, the article analyzes the concept of digital divide composed by three components: access to information, connectivity and digital literacy, contextualized in farming communities. The paper studies the relationship between the digital divide and the productive, political, economic, social, cultural and commercial business development of small farmers. Based on the collaboration of a group of farmers in Tierra Blanca, the impact of the digital divide is considered specifically in this community. The case of the Agricultural Information Service in Tierra Blanca is presented as an automated information system that allows to combat lags generated by this phenomena. The study concludes that the case of the Agricultural Information Service in Tierra Blanca is an initiative that has reduced the digital divide in a comprehensive way for farmers, but the development of comprehensive policies and strategies at the community and national levels is necessary, seeking the involvement of various institutions and communities.


Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurologic injury with functional deficits for which the only currently recommended pharmacotherapy is high‐dose methylprednisolone, which has limited efficacy. Estrogen is a multiactive steroid that has shown antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects, and estrogen may modulate intracellular Ca2+ and attenuate apoptosis. For this study, male rats were divided into three groups. Sham group animals received a laminectomy at T12. Injured rats received both laminectomy and 40 g · cm force SCI. Estrogen‐group rats received 4 mg/kg 17β‐estradiol (estrogen) at 15 min and 24 hr post‐injury, and vehicle‐group rats received equal volumes of dimethyl sulfoxide (vehicle). Animals were sacrificed at 48 hr post‐injury, and 1‐cm‐long segments of the lesion, rostral penumbra, and caudal penumbra were excised. Inflammation was assessed by examining tissue edema, infiltration of macrophages/microglia, and levels of cytosolic and nuclear NFκB and inhibitor of kappa B (IκBα). Myelin integrity was examined using Luxol fast blue staining. When compared to sham, vehicle‐treated animals revealed increased tissue edema, increased infiltration of inflammatory cells, decreased cytosolic levels of NFκB and IκBα, increased levels of nuclear NFκB, and increased myelin loss. Treatment of SCI rats with estrogen reduced edema and decreased inflammation and myelin loss in the lesion and penumbral areas, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent. Further work needs to be done, however, to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of estrogen. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Thomas Farrell (pictured) is widely known for his views and publications on the topic of Reflective Practice, which is key to the professional development of teachers in 21st century classrooms. He is Professor of Applied Linguistics at Brock University, Canada. Farrell has been a language teacher and teacher educator since 1978 and has worked in Korea, Singapore and Canada. He has published widely and presented worldwide on the topic of Reflective Practice. Among his publications are Reflective Language Teaching: From Research to Practice (2008), Teaching Reading to English Language Learners: A Reflective Guide (2009); Reflective Writing for Language Teachers (2012); and Promoting Teacher Reflection in Second Language Education: a Framework for TESOL Professionals (2015). His current research interests include language teacher beliefs and practices, and Reflective Practice for language teachers.


The mechanism of the oxidative polymerization of diphenyl disulfide by 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) in the presence of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid is investigated. It is considered that the process consists of four elementary reactions: 1) formation of charge transfer complex between monomer and DDQ; 2) oxidative reaction; 3) formation of sulfonium cation from cation radical; and 4) electrophilic substitution


The present invention relates to a powdery cosmetic composition, and more particularly, stickiness is low spreadability is excellent in not only the aggregation phenomenon of hair minimized, coating is easy, and to the spreadability on the hair excellent produce facilitate the desired hairstyle to provide a powdery cosmetic composition that can be.


MORB and OIB can be considered 'windows to the mantle' since they remain essentially uncontaminated during their ascent and are also unaffected by recent subduction processes. Consequently, they are of utmost importance to the understanding of mantle evolution throughout the Earth's history. The study of these basalts has led to the development of mantle evolution models on which the depleted upper mantle can be envisaged as an open system periodically replenished by plumes carrying to the uppermost mantle the chemical signatures of ancient recycled oceanic crust, previously incubated at some compensation level (e.g. White, 1993; Hofmann, 1997). This would explain the discrepancy between the present Th/U and U/Pb in depleted mantle and corresponding timeintegrated ratios inferred from lead isotope signatures (White, 1993). The archetype of ancient recycled altered oceanic crust is the HIMU component which is better represented in lavas from Mangaia, Tubuaii and St. Helena islands. Characterized by 2~176 > 20, these rocks clearly plot to the right of the Geochron, implying that they are representative of mantle sources affected by U/Pb increment(s).