The chapter on special education in South Africa initiates with a very comprehensive historical account of the origins of special education making reference to the inequalities linked to its colonial and racist past to a democratic society. This intriguing section ends with the most recent development in the new democracy form special needs education to inclusive education. Next, the chapter provides prevalence and incidence data followed by trends in legislation and litigation. Following these sections, detailed educational interventions are discussed in terms of policies, standards and research as well as working with families. Then information is provided on regular and special education teacher roles, expectations and training. Lastly, the chapter comprehensively discusses South Africa's special education progress and challenges related to budgetary support, staff turnover, and a lack of prioritizing over the number of pressing education goals in the country's provinces.


A lot of macroprudential research today focuses on quantifying the build - up of vulnerabilities in the financial system, as well as on quantifying risk materialization in the forms of financial stress that occurs in the system itself. However, there is still a lack of research linking the build - up of vulnerabilities to the risk materialization approach. This research tries to fill that gap. Focus is put on the prediction of the probability of (re)entering high financial stress (via a large set of cyclical risk accumulation indicators). The regime - switching models ' results indicate that some credit specifications, house price dynamics, and debt burden could be best monitored for the case of Croatian data.


The biological activity of postbiotic from Bacillus subtilis exometabolites was determined due to protein content - 0.541±13.4 mg/ml, the level of proteases - 7.8±0.3 U/ml and the presence of antimicrobial substances. A biocomposite material was developed by co-aggregation of bacterial cellulose, chitosan and Bacillus exometabolites. Modified BC gel film possesses high antagonistic activity against causative agents of wound infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis. The use of the obtained material in treatment of wounds on laboratory animals reduces healing time by an average of 20%. The developed bioactive wound dressings is intended for local application in order to optimize the wound healing process.


Abstract We give two proofs of strong normalisation for second order classical natural deduction. The first one is an adaptation of the method of reducibility candidates introduced in [9] for second order intuitionistic natural deduction; the extension to the classical case requires in particular a simplification of the notion of reducibility candidate. The second one is a reduction to the intuitionistic case, using a Kolmogorov translation.


Securing an application based on Service Oriented Architecture provides defences against a number of security threats arising from exposing applications and data to the internet. Various security guidelines are available to apply security in web applications. But these guidelines are sometimes difficult to understand and generate inconsistencies. In this study, an extended web service secure conversation pattern is presented in the presence of a man-in-the-middle attack. An ontology-based modelling and refinement framework is presented for semantically analysing an extended web service secure conversation pattern. A metamodel is introduced to provide rigorous modelling of security services in terms of concepts, properties, and relationships. At the end of this study, an evaluation of the proposed approach has been made by performing experiments for security requirements against security policies in presence of proposed description logic rules.


Presbyterian missionaries willing to stop the slave trade penetrated a remote part of Africa in the 1870s. They became enmeshed in a political arena in which European firearms and trading goods attracted Africans more than the Gospel. Missionaries soon became entangled in local warfare with groups which were involved in slave trade. When the safety of the Scottish missions was seriously threatened by slave raiders, missionaries asked for a British military intervention. Evangelists and military officers were often at odds. Whereas missionaries expected their African converts to become independent farmers producing goods for the export market, colonial administrators strove to turn Africans into workers at the service of plantations or the distant mines of South Africa. Some Africans, on the other hand, formed alliances with the new overlords and others embraced Western education in order to deal with a changing political world that had significantly transformed their lives. Therefore, colonialism appears to be a multifaceted process in which opposing forces converge in a contentious environment.


With basic principle of landscape ecology,the ecological characteristics,development condition and significance of ecological control in coastal tidal flat reclamation area were illustrated,the ecological construction planning concept,ecological control thinking and ecological construction measures of coastal tidal flat reclamation area were proposed,so as to promote its social economy sustainable development.


The tremendous growth of wireless or mobile user population, coupled with the bandwidth requirements of multimedia applications, requires efficient reuse of the scarce radio spectrum and efficient channel allocation to mobile users or wireless communications. Channel allocation schemes can be categorized into fixed channel allocation (FCA), dynamic channel allocation (DCA) and hybrid channel allocation (HCA) schemes.DCA is further categorized into centralized and distributed DCA. Many papers have been worked out on efficient channel allocation and frequency reuse method for cellular networks. In this paper, channel allocation is mainly concernedin distributed DCA where the interference constraints (CNIR) play the main role in assigning channel to the users. The simulation result which has been simulated based on some cost function parameters of DCA shows that the supportable traffic in a cell can be easily determined with the knowledge of blocking probability beforehand, i.e., when the simulation blocking probability and theoretical blocking probability are almost same the traffic that can be supported by a cell can be determined theoretically.


Work performed by GE Aircraft on advanced counterrotation blade configuration concepts for high speed turboprop system is described. Primary emphasis was placed on theoretically and experimentally evaluating the aerodynamic, aeromechanical, and acoustic performance of GE-defined counterrotating blade concepts. Several blade design concepts were considered. Feasibility studies were conducted to evaluate a forward-swept versus an aft-swept blade application and how the given blade design would affect interaction between rotors. Two blade designs were initially selected. Both designs involved in-depth aerodynamic, aeromechanical, mechanical, and acoustic analyses followed by the fabrication of forward-swept, forward rotor blade sets to be wind tunnel tested with an aft-swept, aft rotor blade set. A third blade set was later produced from a NASA design that was based on wind tunnel test results from the first two blade sets. This blade set had a stiffer outer ply material added to the original blade design, in order to reach the design point operating line. Detailed analyses, feasibility studies, and fabrication procedures for all blade sets are presented.


I.Building a harmonious world is not an empty slogan The renowned 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC) was concluded in November 2012.One distinctive feature of the Congress is that it shows the entire world Chinese communists' confidence in their path,theory and system,including their confidence in "building a harmonious world".In the report of the 18th


A random process can be represented as a series expansion involving a complete set of deterministic functions with corresponding random coefficients. Karhunen–Loeve (K–L) series expansion is based on the eigen‐decomposition of the covariance function. Its applicability as a simulation tool for both stationary and non‐stationary Gaussian random processes is examined numerically in this paper. The study is based on five common covariance models. The convergence and accuracy of the K–L expansion are investigated by comparing the second‐order statistics of the simulated random process with that of the target process. It is shown that the factors affecting convergence are: (a) ratio of the length of the process over correlation parameter, (b) form of the covariance function, and (c) method of solving for the eigen‐solutions of the covariance function (namely, analytical or numerical). Comparison with the established and commonly used spectral representation method is made. K–L expansion has an edge over the spectral method for highly correlated processes. For long stationary processes, the spectral method is generally more efficient as the K–L expansion method requires substantial computational effort to solve the integral equation. The main advantage of the K–L expansion method is that it can be easily generalized to simulate non‐stationary processes with little additional effort. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Purpose of the study: The review aims to present methods and techniques of psychotherapy for children with ASD in various approaches and extend understanding of autistic patients' difficulties in the context of psychotherapeutic interventions.
Methodology: Six different methods, approaches and technics were presented in the article: Multimodal Anxiety and Social Skills Intervention; Narrative family therapy incorporating the externalization technique; Embodied mentalization-based psychodynamic psychotherapy; Psychoanalytic family psychotherapy; Simultaneous psychotherapy with child and family based on Erica method; Psychodynamic-oriented psychotherapy of adolescents based on dream sharing and interpretation. Selection of best interventions based on technical eclecticism and theoretical integration was proposed as the most appropriate for the clients with ASD
Main findings: Various models of psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents with ASD were developed with a specific therapeutic approach. Relatively few of these treatments are widely used in everyday therapeutic practice. The benefit level for patients with ASD and their families depends on appropriate selection approaches, methods, technics, and their integration. To develop a personalized integrative approach to each case, the therapists need to be fluent in more than one therapy approach, and have know of a wide range of theories and skills.
Application of the study: The personalized intervention depending on the child's needs, especially the type and severity of difficulties, the stage of development, and the family's readiness for psychotherapy was recommended. Furthermore, the selection of methods, technics and their integration were based on described interventions.
Original/Novelty of the study: The practical example of developing a psychotherapeutic integrative approach to children and adolescents with ASD was presented in this article.


This study presents methods to create past, recent and alternate scenarios for an ecologically sensitive and development prone area in a sub-tropical coastal spit. A variety of geodesign tools were used for creating interactive 3d representations of the digital earth at a local scale. The geodesign tools included existing and archived high-resolution active and passive remote sensing datasets, existing, derived and digitised spatial layers together with products of procedural modelling. The 3d representations in virtual environments of different scenarios were further converted to a diverse variety of digital formats to enable their visualisation across diverse media that included interactive 3d scenes in geographical information systems (GIS), interactive web scenes on web browsers (desktops and smart devices), fly-through in generic movie formats and real 3d visualisation in the CAVE2 environment. This study discusses the utility of all the resources for planning curriculum and the potential of these resources to facilitate an understanding of alternate scenarios for citizens, stakeholders and new learners. Finally, this study evaluates sources while critically discussing openly shared resources in the context of collaborative planning with citizens, educators, students and planners.


This study examines the influence of social ecological risks within the domains of parenting, family environment, and community in the prediction of educational outcomes for 770 adolescents (49% boys, 51% girls, M = 13.6 years, SD = 2.0) living in a setting of protracted political conflict, specifically working class areas of Belfast, Northern Ireland. Controlling for religious community, age, and gender, youths' lower academic achievement was associated with family environments characterized by high conflict and low cohesion. School behaviour problems were related to greater exposure to community violence, or sectarian and nonsectarian antisocial behaviour. Youths' expectations about educational attainment were undermined by conflict in the family environment and antisocial behaviour in the community, as well as parenting low in warmth and behavioural control. Findings underscore the importance of considering family and community contributions to youths' educational outcomes. Suggestions regarding targeted interventions toward promoting resilience are discussed, such as assessing both child and family functioning, developing multidimensional interventions for parents, and building community partnerships, among others.


The acceptance of trolling as a feature of internet communication and the clustering together of behaviors that range from playfulness to abusive bullying under the term "trolling" has interesting moral implications. For it seems that sometimes such behavior is dismissed as "mere trolling" and consequently the trolls who perform these acts are granted a partial exemption from responsibility for the content or consequences of their speech. A result of this is that some acts which might ordinarily be considered bullying, abuse or threats when uttered outside of the internet can be dismissed as mere trolling when carried out on the internet. One popular response to this is to categorize acts of trolling based on perceived intentions or to argue that, for more virulent acts particularly, "trolling" is not an appropriate label to be applied. Although I agree that, for example, there should be no special exemption granted for racist speech on the basis that it is used in an act of trolling, I argue here that we also should not ignore the structural similarities of the range of speech acts often described as "trolling." Application of tools from the philosophy of language and consideration of an act of trolling as a complex speech act can make clear some of these similarities. Once these similarities are made clearer we can then start to understand a little more about what trolling is. I suggest that central to acts of trolling is a notion of seriousness and its interplay between the troll, their target, and any onlookers to the act of trolling. By viewing trolling in this way we can understand better the rhetorical nature of an act of trolling and why we can often end up facing what I call the trolling dilemma— that is, in many acts of trolling the directions of reply are either to respond seriously to an utterance and so be trolled, or to acknowledge it as an unserious act of trolling and so dismiss it as mere trolling.


The present-day structural pattern of the Baltic Depression developed due to superimposition of three main deformation phases: syn-Caledonian (after the Silurian), syn-Variscan (at the end of Carboniferous and beginning of Permian) and syn-Alpine (latest Mesozoic or earliest Cenozoic). The major restructuring of the area occurred as a result of syn-Variscan deformation that took place in latest Carboniferous and earliest Permian times. Most of the faults developed or became reactivated probably at that time. Syn-Alpine deformation manifested itself relatively weakly, mainly by reactivation of some pre-existing faults.


The Intel Threading Building Blocks (TBB) C++ library introduced task parallelism to a wide audience of application developers. The library is easy to use and powerful, but it is limited to shared-memory machines. In this paper we present HyPHI, a novel library for the Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor for building applications which execute using a hybrid parallel model that exploits parallelism across host CPUs and Xeon Phi coprocessors simultaneously. Our library currently provides hybrid for-each and map-reduce. It hides the details of parallelization, work distribution and computation offloading from users while using internally TBB as its foundation. Despite the higher level of abstraction provided by our library we show that for certain types of applications we outperform codes that rely on the built-in offload support currently provided by the Intel compiler. We have performed a set of experiments with the library and created guidelines that help the developers decide in which situations they should use the HyPHI library.


single crystal was grown by floating zone method. The atmospheric condition of the growth was controlled in air and the growth rate was 1~2 mm/hr. After melting the feed rod of the composition of , was decomposed to and CoO phase in the initial state of the growth. The liquid composition, however, changed to the direction of the eutectic point along the liquidus line and then stopped at the point in which single crystal could be grown. The growth direction of the crystal was preferred orientation [110], perpendicular to the c-axis in the hexagonal system due to using the polycrystalline seed.


Diabetic Cardiomyopathy is the worldwide leading cause of lethal heart disorders burdening the healthcare systems. Mitochondrion is the key regulator of myocardial metabolism. It fuels the cardiocytes and regulates the pumping activity of heart. People living with diabetes have defected myocardial metabolism which may likely to cause ventricular dysfunction or other heart disorders due to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. Furthermore, the inflammatory injury due to inflammasome activation is a potent contributor to the cardiac injuries. Though the mechanism of inflammation is still poorly known. This review highlights the association of altered mitochondrial energetics and inflammasome activation with cardiomyopathies.


This article examines certain aesthetic dynamics through which the memory of transatlantic slavery finds a social incarnation in the realm of cultural production, and specifically in the traditional and popular arts. I take as an ethnographic case study the artisanal namoradeira doll, a folk genre of handcrafts that depict images of black women in a state of ambiguous agency. I consider how these figurines' gendered representations of blackness stage a visual and literary relationship of affectable embodiment that allegorizes those early modern ontologies of property and personhood that licensed and administered colonial subjugation. Synthesizing a number of genealogies of the commodity form that turn on the historical and juridical figure of the slave, I argue that the dolls' overdetermined figurations of racialized subjectivity do not simply affirm liberal conceptions of individuation and freedom, but rather enact a poetics that registers the internal contradictions that besiege this humanism.


The work represents algorithm of combined method for symbol encoding in virtual private networks, which is given in the separate algorithm blocks. Each of these blocks is provided for the accomplishment of certain automatized safety function and is characterized with its functional significance.


Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with propofol‐mediated inhibitory effect on non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression. Circular hsa_circ_0003028 (circ_0003028) exerts a tumor‐promoting role in NSCLC. However, it is unclear whether propofol can mediate NSCLC progression via regulating circ_0003028 expression.


This article presents a hybird Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) algorithm to solve clustering problem. It bases on chaos theory, combines PSO with K-means algorithm. Firstly, uses the method of chaotic stir to create initial seed, secondly design PSO algorithm to cluster in advance, the last introduces K-means algorithm to quicken convergence's steps. Meanwhile the particles is labeled two kinds. Two benchmark cases are tested and show that the method can efficiently cluster the candidates.


The effects of reverse micelle(AOT/ n octane) on spectral characteristics of 2,3 diaminophenazine (DAP), which was an oxidized product of o phenylenediamine catalyzed by laccase, were investigated. It was shown that there was little effect on the absorption features of the product by AOT/ n octane. However the fluorescence of the product was greatly enhanced by AOT/ n octane, and the quantum yield was increased about 30 folds by AOT/ n octane. The effects of microenvironment on the fluorescent property of DAP and the mechanism of fluorescence enhancement in reverse micelle AOT/ n octane were also studied.


Six identical reinforced concrete T-beams were strengthened in flexure using external prestressing tendons (strands). Of these, three beams had identical straight external strands with a different number of deviators along each of their spans. The other three beams each had a deviator at midspan and their tendon configurations were varied by either increasing tendon eccentricity, increasing the tendon area or draping the strands. Test results indicated that the provision of a deviator at the section of maximum deflection led to satisfactory service load and a higher load-carrying capacity compared to the case where no deviators were provided. An increase in eccentricity of straight tendons with a correspondingly smaller prestressing force led to larger internal steel stresses, crack widths, and service load deflections but higher ductility, while draped tendons resulted in reduced stiffness, greater tendon stress increase and more ductile behavior near failure.


: Marx saw that the universal application of machines in the 19th century had a double effect, that is, to promote the development of productive forces, to open new fields of production, and to realize the enrichment of labor products At the same time, it also leads to the impoverishment of laborers' working ability and a large amount of unemployment, so that workers become "local people". Although the phenomenon of alienation caused by the universal application of machines is an inevitable stage in the development of human society, Marx revealed the deep roots behind it. The capitalist application of machines is different from that of the machines themselves. Finally, he aimed his criticism at capitalists and the capitalist social system. With the advent of today's intelligent era, a new round of social problems has emerged, such as unemployment, aging knowledge structures, human development, and other difficulties. Marx's machine thinking still has value in dealing with these practical problems.


3059 Background: CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is expressed in various malignancies, implicated in angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. CNTO888 is a hIgG1κ mAb with selective high CCL2 binding affinity and showed preclinical antitumor activity. Methods: Primary objectives were safety and a recommended dose of CNTO 888 in combination with chemotherapy: Arm 1 - 15 mg/kg CNTO 888 + docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W; Arm 2 - 15 mg/kg CNTO 888 + gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on D1 and 8 Q3W; Arm 3 - 15 mg/kg CNTO 888 + paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC6 Q3W; Arm 4 - 10 mg/kg CNTO 888 Q2W + pegylated doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 Q4W. Two (Arms 1, 2, 3) or 4 (Arm 4) prior chemotherapies for advanced disease were allowed. Pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of CNTO 888 and chemotherapies, free and total CCL2, CTC/CEC count, and uNTX were evaluated. Adverse events (AE) and dose limiting toxicities (DLT) were evaluated after 6 subjects completed 1 cycle. Results: 53 subjects (22F/31M) were treated: Arm 1 n=15, Arm 2 n=12, Arm 3 n=12, ...


Telecommunications power systems must be an uninterruptible supplying source. This paper focus on an alternative back-up power system comprising fuel cells and supercapacitors. The fuel cell system by itself has some dynamic limitations, which are overcome by adding a supercapacitor. Therefore, the fuel cell supplies the load during the long term steady state, while the supercapacitors bank feeds sudden peak power requirements in short intervals. The presented results show how the fuel cell-supercapacitor back-up system is effective on fulfilling the strict telecommunications equipment requirements, even during load power demand variations.


Experimental and theoretical studies are presented of the current‐voltage characteristics of symmetrically doped n‐type GaN‐AlN‐GaN semiconductor‐insulator‐semiconductor (SIS) structures. The asymmetry caused by the strain‐induced electric field leads to the depletion layer barrier in addition to the barrier presented by a thin insulating layer of AlN. It is shown that the tunnel current depends on the degree of the elastic strain relaxation which, in turn, is related to the AlN film thickness. This dependence provides quantitative information about the film relaxation. This characterization technique is compared with the capacitance‐voltage characterization of the SIS structures. The data indicate that the low bound of the conduction‐band offset for the AlN/GaN heterointerface is close to 1 eV.


1NEurope a public career has long been open to economists. The finance ministers of the continent have been frequently selected from the rank of professional economists. In the Uniited States, on the other hanld, it has long been the fashion of the man of affairs to regard the academijic miian as unfit for the practical duities of office. Such a state of things could not, in nature, continue forever ; and there are many interesting evidences of an increasing respect for the opinions and judgment of trained economnists. Soiime timBe ago David A. AWells and Francis A. Walker imiade great reputations in the service of the government. More recently several cases illustrate the value set upon economic training: P'rofessor A. T. Hadley's appointmnent some years ago as Coinmissioner of Labor in Connecticut; P'rofessor H. C. Adamiis's continued service as the statistician of the Interstate Commerce Coiimmissiona; the exceptional collection of prices by Professor R. P. Falkner, for the Aldrich Senate (Coiiiiiittee; the coilspicuous efficiency of Professor F. W. Taussig on the Massachusetts Commiiiiission Taxation the consultation of Governor Roosevelt with 1'rofessor E. R. A. Seligman on legislation relating to taxation; the selection of Professor Emory R. Johnson, of the University of Pennsylvania, upon the Isthimlian Canal Commiiiiission the present work of Professor J. W. Jenks, on Trusts, for the Industrial Coinimission authorized by Congress ; and the choice of Professor WValter t. WNilcox, of Cornell, as the chief statistician of the new national census.


In both Sikh and Jewish scriptures and histories, there can be found numerous, notable similarities and parallels. This article analyzes a small portion of those parallels in an attempt to derive a picture of collective and cultural identity for both traditions. The first half of the article begins with a discussion of similar ideas of 'nation' and also engages the use and interaction of scriptural narratives in their conception. The second half discusses the prevalence of sacrificial imagery and the necessity of sacrifice and gift in the formation and continuity of both traditions.


This study investigated the quality characteristics of white pan bread with banana addition. This analysis was through mixograph and stickiness of dough, fermentation rate, TPA, crumbScan image analysis, color, moisture contents and acceptance test. Mixograph peak time presented 4∼5 minutes on every sample. However, CON, B10 and B20 sample presented more than 60%, and B30, B40 presented less than 60% at peak value (%). The result indicated that banana addition increased as the stickiness decreased. The fermentation rate generally increased, but the sample B40 decreased after 75 minutes. The result of crust and inside color, CON was the highest on lightness L value, B40 was the highest on both red a value and yellow b value. The result of pH showed that B40 was the lowest, and more banana addition made pH decreased. Thus, adding banana influences negatively on volume and cost of the product. The image analysis through crumbScan did not show any significant difference on crust thickness and distortion of crumb fineness. On the other hand, CON value was 774.33 that was the lowest, and B40 value was 927.66 which is the highest on the density of crumb fineness. Hardness showed a significant difference; B40 was the lowest, and Control was the highest. Moisture contents generally had a noticeable difference; CON value was the highest, and banana addition increased as the value decreased. At the result of acceptance test, one of the sensory tests, B20 showed the highest rade, and B40 showed the worst. Based on the above results of characteristic difference, banana addition could influence volume of the bread negatively.


Due to the current globalization in the present world there is a need to utilize the waste energy and heat which is being exposed to atmosphere from the exhaust of automobiles, industries, power plants etc. The energy which is being wasted can be recovered by waste energy recovery systems. This may vary according to applications. Recovery systems largely depend upon exhaust gas temperatures. The Rotor Engine heat should be recovered so that it can be efficiently used, for other purposes. There is an element which can store the sensible heat and waste energy, and then recovered waste energy can be used for specific applications. Rotary air-to-air energy recovery system (also called Rotor Engine) transfer heat between supply and exhaust airstreams in an I.C Engine waste, thermal power stations and other various applications. Heat is which is generated in a process by way of fuel combustion, and then "dumped" into the environment even if it could still be reused for some useful and economic purpose. The essential quality of heat is not the amount but rather its "value". The strategy of how to recover this heat depends in part on the temperature of the waste heat gases and the economics involved. Large quantities of hot flue gases are generated from Boilers, I.C.Engines, and thermal power station. If some of this waste heat could be recovered, a considerable amount of primary fuel could be saved. The energy lost in waste gases cannot be fully recovered. However, much of the heat could be recovered and loss minimized.


Hyperglycemia contributes to diabetes and leads to several diabetic complications. Moreover, hyperglycemia plays a primary role in inducing atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes. Inflammation is thought to play a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Since previous studies suggested that persistent low‐grade infection by bacteria is associated with increased atherosclerosis among diabetic patients, we hypothesized that macrophages may respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in a more exaggerated manner under hyperglycemic conditions than under normal glucose conditions. Zerumbone is a major compound isolated from Zingiber zerumbet, which has been reported to exert anti‐inflammatory, anti‐ulcer, and antihyperglycemic effects. However, the specific mechanisms through which zerumbone exerts its anti‐inflammatory effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether zerumbone treatment suppressed pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion through the nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signaling pathway by altering the histone acetylation/histone deacetylation balance under high‐glucose conditions in differentiated THP‐1 cells in response to LPS. THP‐1 cells were differentiated into macrophages by treatment with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA, 1 μM) for 48 h. Differentiated THP‐1 cells were cultured under normoglycemic (NG, 5.5 mM glucose) or hyperglycemic (HG, 25 mM glucose) conditions in the absence or presence of zerumbone (5–50 μM) for 48 h and then treated with 100 ng/mL LPS 6 h prior to harvesting. In this study, under in vitro conditions mimicking diabetes complications, the release of inflammatory cytokines and expression of genes encoding interleukin (IL)‐6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α were increased compared with those under NG conditions. Western blotting, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) showed that zerumbone treatment suppressed the expression and activity of inflammatory markers in high glucose‐ and LPS‐treated differentiated THP‐1 cells. Moreover, western blotting and RT‐PCR also showed that zerumbone inhibited NF‐κB expression in high glucose‐ and LPS‐treated differentiated THP‐1 cells. We further observed that increased NF‐κB and acetyl‐NF‐κB levels in high glucose‐ and LPS‐treated differentiated THP‐1 cells were downregulated by zerumbone treatment through immunofluorescence. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been found to play important roles in the regulation of several inflammatory and diabetic target genes by removing an acetyl group from lysine residues of target proteins. Zerumbone restored histone acetylase (HAT) and HDAC activities, similar to NG conditions, in high glucose‐ and LPS‐treated differentiated THP‐1 cells. We examined HDAC3, SIRT3 and SIRT6 expresson in differentiated THP‐1 cells using western blotting. Although high glucose and LPS conditions induced SIRT3, SIRT6, and HDAC3, our results showed that zerumbone suppressed SIRT3, SIRT6, and HDAC3. Hence, we assumed that SIRT3, SIRT6, and HDAC3 could be potent HDAC targets in the context of inflammation, infection, diabetes, and diabetic complications. Analysis of post‐transcriptional histone modifications showed that high glucose and LPS increased H3K9ac levels, whereas zerumbone suppressed H3K9ac levels. Based on these findings, zerumbone may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and its complications.


The discussion about the importance of affectivity to the learning process is imperative. The article aims to discuss the relation between emotion and cognition emphasizing the importance of a positive link between teachers and students to initiate the concernment for learning. It highlights the complexity of the motivational process in view of the contribution given by affective-emotional, cognitive, social and unconscious aspects in human motivation. The present research was based on a qualitative approach of exploratory type, characterizing it as a bibliographic survey. The work was based in Jesus (2004) and Huertas (2001) references in what relates to the study of school motivation, because our work proposal in the field of education shows epistemological compatibility with the beliefs of the above referred authors. The purpose was to search for bibliographic support to understand how the affective aspects contribute with the motivation to learn. We emphasize that analyzing how the concern or the indifference in learning takes place requires from the researcher a study about the interpersonal between students and teachers and, ultimately between knowledge and teaching didactics. We highlight: the relevance of the "reflection on and for the pedagogical action"; the influence of the historic and social moment in which we are living – full of instabilities and uncertainties – the necessity the educator should demonstrate in continuously study in search to update and analyze the daily practice and, join to a theoretical positioning about the educational approaches. We can conclude that the positive relations between students and teachers provide better global development of the individual, both for students and for teachers, because the possibility of a well-being influences learning activities and leads us to understand the invalidity of the dualist paradigm that separated affection and cognition.


An enhanced high-order QAM communication using data correlation with neighboring channels is demonstrated. The effectiveness of this approach is verified by using 10-Gbaud 4/16/64/256-QAM channels in simulation and 5/10-Gbaud 16-QAM channels in experiment.


The objective of this investigation was to determine the frequency of the lower third molars, included according to the Pell and Gregory classification, in 140 panoramic x-ray examinations taken at Digital X radiological center. The study was prospective, descriptive and transversal in nature. A number of 220 panoramic x-ray examinations were collected, which were selected using the exclusion criteria, a total of 140 x-ray examinations were determined that met the inclusion criteria. It was determined that the most predominant population group was female (57,1%) over male (42.9%). In addition, it was established that the included third molars was predominant in young adult patients aged from 18 to 27 years. In the city of Riobamba, period January 2016 to May 2017; and , from the observation of the x-ray samples and the processing of the data obtained, it could be established that the most prevalent position was class II in piece 38 position B and in piece 48 position A, relatively retained in the bone


When you intent to investigate the motor behavior, it is important to consider, in addition to environmental factors, individual characteristics such as personality variables. Among the personality traits, extraversion-introversion trait stands out because it has characteristics that can influence the motor behavior of children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the motor performance of extroverted and introverted children. We evaluated 10 children aged between 7 and 10 years old, divided into two groups (introverts and extroverts), matched for number, gender and age. The motor performance of subjects was assessed by TGMD-2, composed by six locomotor and six object control skills. The Mann-Whitney U Test did not identify any difference between the groups in the overall performance of the test and for the locomotor and object control subtests. It is suggested that the investigation of motor performance skills through the most difficult and challenging, and larger samples may reveal differences between extroverts and introverts.


Existing methods for rice field classification have some limitations due to the large variety of land covers attributed to rice fields. This study used temporal variance analysis of daily Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images to discriminate rice fields from other land uses. The classification result was then compared with the reference data. Regression analysis showed that regency and district comparisons produced coefficients of determination (R 2) of 0.97490 and 0.92298, whereas the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were 1570.70 and 551.36 ha, respectively. The overall accuracy of the method in this study was 87.91%, with commission and omission errors of 35.45% and 17.68%, respectively. Kappa analysis showed strong agreement between the results of the analysis of the MODIS data using the method developed in this study and the reference data, with a kappa coefficient value of 0.8371. The results of this study indicated that the algorithm for variance analysis of multitemporal MODIS images could potentially be applied for rice field mapping.


This review discusses the available observational material of solar hard X-ray bursts, their interpretation in terms of a model of the source region and their relation with other flash-phase phenomena, in particular the impulsive microwave bursts.


: Genetic mapping provides a powerful tool for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis at the molecular level. A simple sequence repeat (SSR) genetic map containing 590 markers and a BC1 population from two cultivated tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, namely TM-1 and Hai 7124 (G. barbadense L.), were used to map and analyze QTL using the composite interval mapping (CIM) method. Thirty one QTLs, 10 for lobe length, 13 for lobe width, six for lobe angle, and two for leaf chlorophyll content, were detected on 15 chromosomes or linkage groups at logarithm of odds (LOD)> 2.0, of which 15 were found for leaf morphology at LOD > 3.0. The genetic effects of the QTL were estimated. These results are fundamental for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of these traits in tetraploid cotton breeding.

(Managing editor: Li-Hui ZHAO)


The article reports on the process of producing a film for students in a university course. The purpose of the production was to make local film material that could assist students in their learning of developmental cognitive psychology theory in general, but specifically also the mathematical cognition of children. Although the students in the production team set out as actors and technical helpers, they gradually appropriated their acting roles and the plot of the story to the extent that they learned the theory that the film was portraying. Not only did they show interest in the psychology texts and the story, but they also developed agency – they became the owners of the film. The argument of this paper is that a multimodal foundation in teacher education can give students multiple semiotic entry points, but also, if given the opportunity to make a dramatic film, they can learn the content of mathematical cognition while learning film production. The article argues that contemporary teacher education programmes are by their very nature briefed to be multimodal, because teachers' work in schools in the 21st century requires more than language text and oral, in-person communication.


This paper analyzes the contents of major trace elements in sediment by X fluorescence spectrum through systematic sampling of Cangshan lagoon hole Y86 sample column in Laizhou, Shandong. Combined with previous analyses of granularity, micropleontology and pollen, it recognizes geochemically the lagoon sedimentary facies. The results indicate that there are obvious variations in the characteristics of the contents of Rb、Cr、Nb、Ni、Rb、Sr、Th、V、Zn、Zr and the ratios of Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca、Mn/Fe in different sedimentary facies. There fore it is possible to distinguish lagoon sedimentary surroundings and sedimentary facies according to the contents of the trace elements and the ratios of Sr/Ba,Sr/Ca,Mn/Fe in the lagoon sediment.


The tunneling of macroscopic object is one of the most fascinating phenomena phenorrena in condensed matter physics. During the last decade, the problem of quantum tunneling of magnetization in nanometer-scale magnets has attracted a great deal of theoretical and experimental interest. A review of recent theoretical research of the macroscopic quantum phenomena in nanorreter-scale single-domain magnets is presented in this paper. It includes macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) and cohererce (MQC) in single-domain magnetic particles, the topological phase interfererce or spin-parity effects, and tunneling of magnetization in an arbitrarily directed magnetic field. The general formulas are shown to evaluate the tunneling rate and the tunneling level splitting for single-domain AFM particles. A nontrivial generalization of Krarrers degeneracy for double-well system is provided to coherently spin tunneling for spin systems with m-fold rotational symmetry. The effects induced by the external magnetic field have been studied, where the field is along the easy, medium, hard axis, or arbitrary direction.


Summary: The use of metal implants for the surgical management of problems about the shoulder has become a common and effective part of our treatment armamentarium. The anatomy of the shoulder, however, makes it less tolerant of rigid metallic implants. Therefore, extreme care should be exercised in their use. This should include adequate exposure or arthroscopic visualization during insertion, intraoperative radiographs to document accurate placement, and follow-up radiographs to identify potential problems related to migration, loosening or breakage. Finally, to avoid some of the complications associated with the use of metallic implants, nonmetallic alternatives should be utilized for the treatment of many of the common clinical problems encountered. Procedure selection should depend primarily on the risk/benefit ratio, not the ease with which the procedure can be performed.


A booster dose of the Covid-19 vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer & BioNTech) six months after the initial regimen increased Omicron-specific neutralizing antibody levels >30-fold in children aged 5–11 years. The Phase 2/3 trial, which enrolled 400 subjects, reported no new safety concerns following the booster dose. Vaccination is beneficial even in people who recovered from the disease. According to three studies, which were conducted before the emergence of the Omicron variant, vaccinated individuals reported a lower rate of reinfection and longer antibody persistence compared to subjects with infection-acquired immunity alone. The adjuvanted, inactivated whole-virus vaccine VLA2001 (Valneva) was approved in UK for adults up to 50 years of age. Based on Phase 3 trial data showing higher immunogenicity of VLA2001 compared to the recombinant ChAdOx1/nCoV-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca), the approval decision makes it the sixth Covid-19 vaccine on the UK market. The CpG 1018/Alum-adjuvanted vaccine candidate SCB-2019 (Clover) demonstrated high and durable protection in a clinical trial involving almost 15,000 adults. In subjects with no history of Covid-19, efficacy was 100% and 95% against severe disease and hospitalization, respectively, six months after the primary vaccination series. No safety concerns were observed. In another Phase 3 trial with >17,000 participants, a selfamplifying mRNA vaccine candidate ARCT-154 (Arcturus) was safe and protected 55% and 95% cases of symptomatic and severe disease, respectively. The data were collected when Delta and Omicron strains dominated in Vietnam, where the study was conducted. ARCT-154, which requires a dose up to 20-fold lower than those of mRNA vaccines in use, is lyophilized during the production process and stable at room temperature until rehydrated.


We document large and significant decreases in operating cash flows and stock returns that are preceded by significant increases in new financing, investment and unexplained increases in firm valuation at the industry level. These subsequent decreases in cash flows and stock returns are significantly related to industry-level financing and unexplained valuation. These eects are more significant in competitive industries. We show that this phenomenon is pervasive. Recent booms and busts in the telecommunications and internet industries are just examples of industry boom and bust patterns. Overall the results are consistent with a small probability of a new era of very high subsequent growth or excessive competition among firms arising from high industry investment and entry when industry participants do not consider the probability of high investment by other firms.


The present invention relates to an installation device for use when mounting the drive package (1) for the vehicle, the installation device is a support element adapted to be docked to the frame 4 of the vehicle after being mounted on the drive package (1) and (2 ) included, and the support element (2) comprises an end portion (6) of the height intention d to cooperate with the frame 4 of the vehicle, and the end element (6) to support the drive package (1) the It is intended to abut against a cooperating support element 8 suspended in attenuation with respect to the frame 4. The apparatus, with at least one screw (10) configured to secure the support element (2) to the frame 4 of the vehicle through the supporting element 8 by the cooperation between the end portion (6), the support element at least one washer (12) configured to cooperate with a screw 10 for fixing the (2) in the frame also includes. Setting device may also include at least one spacing element (14) a height of h, h> d, spaced apart elements wherein the support in cooperation with the screw (10) in order to make it possible to install the support element (2) constructed to hold the washer 12 in the horizontal position of the upper element (8), wherein the installation device is in a docked state. The end element (6) is provided with a screw 10 and the cooperating intended that at least one recess (16), the support element (2) is substantially can be moved to a predetermined position by moving the horizontal docking recess accordingly 16 accommodate the screws 10, and the docking movement of the screw (10) is completed when the recess installation state 18 within 16.


Considering relationships in supply chain it is important to analyze the exact level of performance and relations between partners in particular supply chain to find where is the supply chain in its development, through tracking the progress and to make plan where the supply chain "want to be" therefore Author presents literature review of supply chain relation models


................................................................................................................................... ii CHAPTER 1. AN INTRODUCTION TO POWER AND AGENTS ..............................................1 CHAPTER 2. POWER, A LITERATURE ANALYSIS ...............................................................11 I. Agentic Power ........................................................................................................11 A. Nondecisions and Institutional Power .............................................................13 B. Dependency, Interconnectivity, Ability ...........................................................18 II. Knowledge and Power ...........................................................................................23 III. Potential .................................................................................................................26 IV. Soft Power ..............................................................................................................28 CHAPTER 3. ELEMENTS OF NON-AGENTIC POWER .........................................................32 I. Nonlinearity ...........................................................................................................32 II. Intentionality ..........................................................................................................36 III. Collectivity .............................................................................................................38 IV. Source of Power .....................................................................................................45 CHAPTER 4. DISTANT COUSINS: COMPLEXITY, POWER AND RISK .............................49


Export has been in the focus of economic literature for years due to its multi-fold contribution to the macroeconomic stability and economic growth. These contributions are of great importance for Macedonia and Turkey on their way to becoming full members of the European Union. The objective of this paper is to investigate empirically the impact of the inward foreign direct investments (FDI) on export performance of Macedonia and Turkey. To achieve this objective we use a popular model of export and estimate two models. The first (benchmark) model includes the real effective exchange rate, the potential GDP, trade liberalization and export in the previous year. Along with these explanatory variables, in the second model we include the FDI inflows variable. The results of the benchmark model indicate that trade liberalization has a positive and significant impact on export. The export performance is positively and significantly affected by the last year's exports. The estimated coefficient of real effective exchange rate is not statistically significant. The potential output has a positive impact on the increase of export but it is also statistically not significant. The results of the second model indicate that FDI have a positive impact on export performance of Macedonia and Turkey, but not significant. The other explanatory variables have kept their signs as in benchmark model and only trade liberalization and the export from the previous period remained statistically significant.


Four years ago, we undertook a revision of the first year biology course at our high school. We did this for two reasons: first, the curriculum we were using was not effective for all our students. For many students not labeled as "high-achievers," the content we were teaching was not engaging, and it was a struggle for them to maintain satisfactory grades. While those labeled as "high achievers" demonstrated adequate performance levels, our guess was that many of them were for the most part "programand pedagogy-proof." We also were growing frustrated by the fact that when our students asked questions which went beyond the boundaries of the biology curriculum we were teaching at the time, we felt we had to put their questions aside, telling them that these issues would be dealt with when they took chemistry or physics. At about the same time as our discontent was growing, so was a movement in our state, as well as in the nation, to re-vision the science curriculum with an expanded focus on the diverse audience this curriculum should serve. In Michigan, an article appeared that identified 10 key issues in science education (Education Extension Service 1992) and paralleled the kinds of changes we wanted to see take place. Unfortunately, there were no programs or textbooks that addressed these issues. We had a choice: we could either wait for the textbooks to address these issues, or we could develop a responsive curriculum ourselves. We chose to do the latter, and out of this conviction grew a new full-year integrated science course in which we used two large-scale case studies as vehicles for our students to use their developing understanding of concepts in biology, chemistry and physics in order to solve scientifically-based problems (Richmond & Striley 1994). Here we share with readers the way we used the first of these case studies-the cholera epidemic, present and past-and the ways in which using one of these case studies allowed us to address critical objectives in science curriculum for all students.


The construction of characteristic talent training program is crucial to strengthening the development of independent college.During the construction process,efforts should be made in the following aspects:the training aim being the inheritance of its matrix with the emphasis of application ; the curriculum system emphasizing skill training as well as improvement; the training model design making full use of resources with sufficient practice; the quality improvement highlighting regional characteristics and inheriting culture.Besides,special attention should be paid to understanding the government's relevant policies,to studying relevant theories about higher education and to grasping the generality of the education aimed at undergraduates and individuality of talents in independent college.

Key words:
Independent college ;  Talent training programs;  Characteristic construction


Subsequently published (2011) in Research Papers in Language Teaching and Learning, 2(2): 62-73. http://rpltl.eap.gr/index.php/en/current-issue/54

In the early days of development of the HOU?s ?English? and ?French? programmes, we noted how, despite their common foreign language teaching home and their shared institutional and socio-cultural contextual anchors, the two programmes seemed to be developing particular directions vis-�-vis their content and the ways of exploring it. Thus, we had an initial interest in the developers? / tutors? emerging sense of what was methodologically appropriate for each programme. In this paper, we renew our exploration of this earlier interest by examining the intercultural modules for the two programmes. Having noted their similarities but also the differences, we end our presentation with some ongoing speculations about the broader theme of appropriate methodology as it applies to these two programmes and their similar spheres of professional practice.

???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?.?.?., ???????????? ???, ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????????-???????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ??????????? ????, ?? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???. ????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????-????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????????. ?? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????, ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????????. ???? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????, ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????, ??? ?????? ??? ???????, ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????????, ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????.


【Task】 A method and system for idle time reduction scheduling matrix for data files that are divided into data blocks. Scheduling matrix is generated (step 520), while maintaining the original sequence of data blocks, the idle time is filled with data blocks that appear later in the matrix. Then, if this process is repeated (step 550), or a new idle time reduces the scheduling matrix is generated. From the time reduction scheduling matrix can be configured to preload stream. Next it is described a specially designed set-top box to be able to receive these data blocks. In a preferred embodiment, the set top box, by storing a preload optimized being broadcast continuously, it is possible to improve the bandwidth savings. .BACKGROUND 9


A Hodge structureV of weight k on which a CM field acts defines, under certain conditions, a Hodge structure of weight k − 1, its half twist. In this paper we consider hypersurfaces in projective space with a cyclic automorphism which defines an action of a cyclotomic field on a Hodge substructure in the cohomology. We determine when the half twist exists and relate it to the geometry and moduli of the hypersurfaces. We use our results to prove the existence of a Kuga-Satake correspondence for certain cubic 4-folds.


Countries around the world have established the incident emergency command system in response to frequent emergencies. However, it can't use the traditional reductionism method to study the system efficacy. Emergency command system is a paramilitary organization, FINC network analysis method can be used to consider the accident scene of the cataclysm site and rescue situation. Using three levels of the scene of the fire emergency command and organization of the network topology structure model for the analysis of delay, central degree and the information quality, and other important system performance indicators, thus to establish a reasonable and efficient in the field of emergency command group provides reliable theoretical support.


Background and Purpose: The premenstrual syndrome is the emergence of a set of symptoms before menstrual which results in imbalance in individual's life and daily activities. Today the prescription of herbals is recommended for the treatment of the illnesses. The present study aimto pinpoint the effect of primrose oil on the premenstrual syndrome. Methods: The study was a triple blind clinical-trial which was conducted with 80 female university students residing in Lorestan Medical University hostels. The samples were selected based on the DSMIV-TR criterion for the premenstrual syndrome. Using block-randomization method, they were categorized into two groups (each 40), one treated with primrose oil and the other with placebo. The dose of the primrose oil is 1500 mg per day for the first group. The total score for sever symptom (for each from 0 to 10) was assigned at first monthly and then for three months. For the data analysis χ2 and repeated measures were deployed. Results: The score for symptom severity before the intervention for the primrose group was 31


Modeling is one of the major research areas in social network analysis whose goal is to study networks structure and its evolution. Motivated by the intuition that members in social networks behave selfishly, network creation games have been introduced for modeling social networks. In this paper, our aim is to measure how much the output graphs of a given network creation game are compatible with a social network. We first show that the precise measurement is not possible in polynomial time. Then we propose a method for its approximation; finally, we show the usability of our method by conducting experiments on real network data.


Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility and emission spectra have been made on zinc sulfide activated by copper and/or chlorine. The results of these measurements demonstrate that the luminescent centers are diamagnetic in the absence of optical excitation, and that of the five previously reported emissions, only three are distinct. These are: a blue emission resulting from the addition of chloride, a green emission when copper and chloride are simultaneously present, and a red emission when copper alone is present. The results are discussed on an ionic model, and on a semiconductor model. We conclude that the blue emission is due to zinc vacancies, the green emission to substitutional copper, and the red emission to interstitial copper.


OLD China Hands—those Europeans whose long residence in China has imbued them with a faint aroma of legend and a tendency towards omniscience in Oriental matters—have often made conflicting predictions of how long it will be before the last former mandarin has sold his last painting and the last tomb has been plundered. Some hold that the supply has hardly been touched; others, perhaps more wisely, see a quick end to the flow of Chinese art to America, Europe and Japan, with Japan getting the cream of the later finds. In sculpture the prediction of an end seems to be coming true. Pieces like those at the Metropolitan and the University Museum, Philadelphia, are no longer to be had, and with the exception of the carvings recently cut from the caves at Lung Men near Loyang in Honan the amount of monumental stone sculpture smuggled past the Chinese customs has shrunk to a mere trickle.


The importance of innovation in current business justifies the increasing interest that researchers are taking in it. This propose of this article is to identify and organize the overall innovation research current state to investigate and analysis the key findings of these studies.The method used in this article was systematic review of empirical and conceptual article published in scholarly reviews on topic of innovation.The findings shows (1) There are three mainstreams innovation typologies approach dominant: incremental versus radical innovation; technological versus marketing innovation; and product versus process innovation. (2) The literature research in innovation measurement can be divided into two mainstream of innovation measurement; Input and output measurement; Metric and methodologies measurement. Keyword: Innovation, Innovation typologies, Innovation


Disclosed is a container transportation case which is used in order to carry a culture container for culturing a living body sample in a chamber or to carry a culture container from a chamber in a culture treating device having a chamber which can adjust the composition of internal atmospheric gas according to predetermined conditions. A container transportation case comprises a case body, a joint, and a gastight member. The case body has a container housing chamber in which a culture container can be arranged, and the container housing chamber communicates with the outside through an opening which can pass the culture container. The joint can be attached removably to the inlet/outlet port of a culture treating device communicating with a chamber and when the joint is attached to the culture treating device, the container housing chamber and the inlet/outlet port are connected to form a space isolated from the external atmosphere. The gastight member intercepts the container housing chamber from the external atmosphere by closing the opening.


Abstract Background: Heart failure (HF) is the final stage of various cardiac diseases with poor prognosis. The integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine therapy has been considered as a prospective therapeutic strategy for chronic heart failure (CHF). There have been small clinical trials and experimental studies to demonstrate the efficacy of Shenfu Qiangxin Pills (SFQX) for treating CHF, however, there is still a lack of further high-quality trial. This paper describes the protocol for the clinical assessment of SFQX in CHF (heart-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome) patients. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial will assess the efficacy and safety of SFQX in the treatment of CHF. 352 patients with CHF (heart-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome) from 22 hospitals in China will be enrolled. Besides their standardized western medicine, patients will be randomized to receive treatment of either SFQX or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, which will be measured uniformly by the central laboratory. The secondary outcomes include composite endpoint events (hospitalization due to worsening HF, all-cause mortality, other serious cardiovascular events), echocardiography indicators, grades of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) results, Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire and TCM syndrome scores. Discussion: The integrated TCM and western medicine therapy has developed into a treatment model in China. The rigorous design of the trial will assure an objective and scientific assessment of the efficacy and safety of SFQX in the treatment of CHF. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000028777 (registered on January 3, 2020).


Purpose of reviewSkeletal fractures are more common in HIV, and impact the medical, functional and economic status of frequently vulnerable patients. Identifying asymptomatic patients with low bone mineral density (BMD)/osteoporosis requiring intervention can be expected to reduce fracture risk and complications. Clinical tools are available to determine fracture risk in the general population and are being evaluated in HIV patients. The FRAX® calculator, incorporating demographics and risk factors for osteoporosis, with or without BMD results, has been investigated most often in HIV patients. Recent findingsThe few published studies that have calculated the 10-year FRAX® risk for both major osteoporosis and hip fractures without BMD generally show limited precision in predicting the presence of osteoporosis severe enough to initiate treatment. It remains uncertain whether using HIV as a secondary risk factor and adding dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-BMD information improves case-finding compared with using DXA results only. Not incorporating risks relevant to aging HIV patients such as antiretroviral exposure, hepatitis C virus coinfection and history of falls is other potential limitation. SummaryAccurate screening tools using clinical risk factors alone to determine fracture risk in HIV are not yet available. Further research and validation studies are necessary.


The crime of human trafficking  is an act of violation of human rights by various modus operandi, namely by slavery, prostitution, and sexual exploitation. Victims of human trafficking are dominated by vulnerable groups such as women, girls, and boys. While the perpetrator is made up of a business actor, either a corporation or a group or a particular community seeking commercial gain from that person's trading activities. Therefore, it is necessary needed  the government's attention specifically to the handling and enforcement of the law as a legal protection effort for human trafficking victims, especially on the rights of victims of human trafficking which tend to be ignored in the legal system as well as in the criminal justice system in Indonesia. As for the purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of the provision of restitution for victims of criminal human trafficking in as set forth in law number 21 of 2007 on combating the crime of trafficking in human rights perspective. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical using normative juridical approach method that is qualitative, that is research conducted with based on library data or secondary data. While the data analysis used is qualitative juridical. Based on the results of this research, that legal protection against victims of trafficking in persons in the form of restitution, compensation, and rehabilitation as well as some other legal protection can not be applied because it is constrained by various factors. One of the inhibiting factors is the absence of a clear mechanism in the provision of restitution for victims of criminal trafficking, so that law enforcers and victims find it difficult to present evidence or details of the harm suffered by victims in writing which can be submitted to the hearing. In addition, that judges tend to see restitution witness as a lawsuit that must be filed in civil or normal manner, or new to the victim or complicate the victim's right to obtain restitution. Hence that article 48 contained in law number 21 of 2007 concerning TPPO is not applicable so that the article needs to be amended or its implementation rules are enacted, so that the rights of the victim in the trial can be implemented or implemented. While from traffickers who are sanctioned in the form of restitution that must be paid to the victim. It creates a new dilemma in the fulfillment of the victim's right, so it is necessary to seize the assets of the perpetrators based on the verdict of the court as a guarantee against the restitution that the perpetrator must pay to the victim.


pathology is possible subject to the principles of preoperative preparation and the tech- nical features of the implementation of the surgery.


Urgency of the research. High-precision and productive machining of the ends of the rollers of the roller bearings is an urgent and important scientific and practical task, the solution of which will allow both to prolong the life of the bearings and to reduce their production, and therefore to increase the level of competitiveness of production.
Target setting. The main requirements relating to the rollers of the rolling bearings are to ensure the high accuracy of size, shape, quality of end surfaces with high productivity of the machining process. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The main directions of improving the accuracy and productivity of two-sided grinding are to increase the rigidity of the machine-tool-tool-part system, to reduce the thermal impact, to improve the kinematic characteristics of the workpiece movement in the treatment area, to optimize the design and characteristics of grinding wheels. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. One of the most promising areas for improving the accuracy and productivity of the double-sided grinding process is to use the effect of crossing axes of grinding wheels and billets with special tool profiling. The purpose of the article. To analyze the factors that affect the accuracy and productivity of machining the end surfaces of parts on two-sided grinding machines and to develop a new high-performance method of processing the end surfaces of the rollers of the roller bearings, which would provide the possibility of assembly between the rolling bodies and the rings, not by a selective method. The presentation of the main material. The combined editing of the two planes of grinding wheels on two-sided grinding machines enables to obtain a larger diameter of the calibration section. In this case, the entire allowance is cut off in the area adjacent to the gauge. The calibration section at the inlet of the parts in the treatment area does not participate in cutting off the seam allowance, has high stability and at the outlet forms the final accuracy of the end surfaces. Conclusions and suggestions. The paper proposes a new high-performance method of single-pass machining of the end surfaces of the rollers of the roller bearings on two-sided grinding machines with oriented grinding wheels, which have a calibration section, which ensures high accuracy of processing. This method allows to reduce the scattering range of sizes and to go to the method of complete interchangeability when assembling the bearing units.


The programme is aimed to address operational requirements to improve the capacity and the ATM system efficiency through the definition of free flight applications in the Mediterranean area, and to evaluate the operational impact of free flight in the future Air Traffic Management system. The goal is to define and validate the operational and technological framework, which leads to an effective implementation of new operational procedures rising from the newest ATM operational concepts and maintaining flight safety and increasing economic efficiency.


Abstract: This chapter discusses eco-labelling of food products from different types of agriculture, together with the underlying certification systems. Three types of agricultural production are on various points compared with conventional agricultural practice: organic farming, integrated agriculture and regional products. For comparison reasons, three related eco-labelling schemes are added that are relevant for agricultural products: industrial eco-labelling, sustainability certification of natural resources and Fair Trade labelling. Thereafter the effectiveness of the schemes is discussed. The chapter ends with a discussion of some perspectives, particularly of the ever increasing number of labelling schemes.


Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped,
 single-stranded RNA viruses with positive orientation. Their envelope consists of three to four structural proteins, the
 spike (S) protein, membrane (M) protein, envelope (E) protein, and some
 members of Betacoronaviruses contain the hemagglutinin esterase
 protein. Within the virion the nucleocapsid protein is associated with the
 viral RNA. CoVs infect mammals, including humans, and
 birds. Several animal-to-human as well as animal-to-animal transmissions are
 known for CoVs. Since the occurrence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome
 coronavirus (SARS-CoV), research has focused on bats which are considered the
 reservoir species of most CoVs. The entry, replication, and release of
 transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a representative of the genus Alphacoronavirus,
 in different chiropteran cell lines was examined. Surface expression of
 the specific receptor, porcine aminopeptidase N, was necessary for TGEV to
 enter the chiropteran cells. Differences in receptor expression levels as
 well as differences in viral titers were measured in the analyzed chiropteran
 cells. Furthermore, a diverse expression pattern of the TGEV S and M protein
 was observed. We demonstrated that the lack of a specific receptor is
 responsible for species restriction and is the first hurdle which the virus
 has to overcome for successful entry and replication. However, infectious
 titers of released viral particles indicate that additional factors may
 influence viral replication in chiropteran cells. The differences in distribution
 of the TGEV S and M protein during infection underline the assumption that
 host factors depending on bat species and organ source play an important role
 for a successful CoV infection.
 Therefore, cellular components associated
 with CoV S proteins were investigated. For several viruses microtubules are
 utilized for the transport of viral components within the host cell. The S
 protein mediates host-cell-attachment and virus entry. In this study we
 demonstrated that the last 39 amino acid stretch of the S cytoplasmic domains
 of TGEV and human CoVs 229E and NL63 interact with tubulin alpha and beta
 chains. Additionally, a partly co-localization of TGEV S proteins with
 authentic host cell β-tubulin was observed.
 Furthermore, drug-induced microtubule depolymerization led to changes in S
 protein distribution. Here, TGEV S proteins partly co-localized with the
 ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and Golgi complex, while these
 compartments were scattered throughout the cell after nocodazole (NOC) treatment.
 Moreover, a reduction in the release of infectious virus particles and lower
 amounts of TGEV S protein incorporated into virions were detected in NOC
 treated cells. In CoV S transfected or TGEV infected chiropteran cells
 similar results were obtained. These data demonstrate that interactions of Alphacoronavirus
 S proteins with tubulin support the virus during assembly and release and
 that this strategy seems to be a conserved mechanism. Beside virus-host interactions also the
 interaction between viral proteins is influencing the CoV life cycle. CoV
 replication takes place in the host cytosol whereas its assembly and budding
 occurs at the ERGIC. Protein-protein as well as protein-RNA interactions are
 important during these steps. The S, M, and E proteins contain signals
 targeting them to the site of budding where they interact with each other for
 efficient incorporation. Especially, the incorporation of S proteins is
 necessary for emergence of infectious progeny, accomplished by S-M
 interaction. S proteins contain an ectodomain, transmembrane domain as well
 as a cytoplasmic tail. The cytoplasmic domain consists of a cysteine- and
 charge-rich region. Some members have a tyrosine-based motif within their S
 charge-rich region leading to intracellular accumulation. Regarding mouse
 hepatitis virus and SARS-CoV the S cytoplasmic tail, particularly the
 charge-rich region, plays a major role during association with M. The
 corresponding region of different coronavirus S proteins was examined for
 their impact on S-M interaction. Hereby, the charge-rich region of the TGEV S
 protein cytoplasmic domain was replaced by human- and bat-derived CoV S
 charge-rich regions from the genus Alpha- and Betacoronavirus.
 Different S protein expression pattern due to the charge-rich regions were
 identified, when expressed alone. Nevertheless, S-M interaction was neither
 completely abolished nor inhibited. In S and M co-expressing cells S was
 retained near the nucleus and close to the M protein. Neither amino acid
 changes within the tyrosine motif of CoV S proteins nor in their charge-rich
 region influenced S-M interaction. Additionally, three TGEV M Y/A mutants
 were tested for their ability to retain the S protein. All of them seem to
 associate with the TGEV S protein visible by S retention, although less S was
 retained compared to S and Mwt protein co-expressing cells.


Patients with Beckwith‐Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) undergo quarterly alpha‐fetoprotein measurement for hepatoblastoma (HB) screening up to 4 years of age, paralleling the epidemiology of nonsyndromic HB. However, specific data on the timing of HB development in BWSp are lacking. Here we compare the timing of presentation of HBs in BWSp with a control cohort of consecutive HB cases, demonstrating that halving screening duration of screening procedures in BWSp likely will not impact its effectiveness.


The soft tissue is in close contact to the underlying skeletal hard tissue and takes up whatever form is dictated by the hard tissue. Yet, there exists some variations in cases of which, the soft tissue thickness varies in certain places to camouflage the skeletal deficiency. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of hard and soft tissue lower anterior facial height (LAFH) of different skeletal patterns on the south indian population. The study consisted of 30 lateral cephalograms, which were divided into three groups based on the skeletal relationship: Group A Class I skeletal pattern, Group B Class II skeletal pattern and Group C Class III skeletal pattern. All the groups contained 10 radiographs each of that particular skeletal pattern. FACAD software was used to do the digital tracing and analysis. The obtained results were tabulated and were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 23. The results of Pearson's correlation test revealed that Group A and Group B were positively correlated with statistical significance, whereas Group C was statistically insignificant. Hence, soft tissue LAFH can be used as a valuable indicator and an adjunct in diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic cases.


From the Publisher:
Linux on the Mainframe is a true comprehensive guide to fitting Linux on mainframes, both S/390 and zSeries. IBM's Linux experts deliver an easy-to-read resource that details every facet of introducing, deploying, managing, and maximizing Linux on the mainframe. Coverage includes virtualization, security, systems management, the application environment, and much more. Case studies of two sample companies highlight the strengths and potential pitfalls associated with introducing Linux as a mainframe operating system.
JOHN EILERT led the team responsible for the Integrated Facility for Linux and retired from the IBM lab in Poughkeepsie, NY, after 30 years of experience with mainframes.
MARIA EISENHAENDLER, a technical writer at the IBM lab in Boeblingen, Germany, has been producing documentation for Linux on the mainframe since its inception.
DOROTHEA MATTHAEUS plans technical documentation at the IBM lab in Boeblingen, Germany, where she focuses on mainframe and Linux.
INGOLF SALM focuses on IBM middleware design for Linux on the mainframe and Linux distributions at the IBM lab in Boeblingen, Germany. He has over 20 years of experience in IBM OS architecture and design.


The value of anatomical liver sectionectomy for patients with a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from 2 to 5 cm in greatest diameter has not been clarified.


The demand for sensorial appeal in everything from technology and fashion to cosmetics has given rise to unique demands among formulators. In the sun care category, Croda's team of experts has recognised this, by focusing on developing technology to deliver new sensations.


This study aims to formulate a strategy  for developing red chili agribusiness  that can be applied in Sleman Regency.  The study was conducted in Kalasan  District since it has the highest red chili  production in Sleman Regency. The  method used in this research was  Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).  Based on the results of the study there  were 5 aspects of strength, 5 aspects of  weakness, 5 aspects of opportunity, and  5 aspects of threats. All internal and  external aspects form the basis for  making alternative strategies. The  position of grand strategy matrix is  quadrant I. There were 5 alternative  strategies that are generated and  included in the AHP hierarchy structure.  Of the 5 alternative strategies, the 05  strategy was chosen with a priority  weight value of 0.357, namely the  strategy with the development of a chili  auction market using digital  technology.


Preface Introduction Soviet Production The Military Economy 1941-1945 Logistics Lend-lease Weapons Production Tanks and Mechanized Artillery Artillery Antitank Guns The Railroads Motor Transport Horses Conclusion Select Bibliography Index


Recent work on highest energy cosmic rays is reviewed. The items discussed are: (1) experimental techniques, (2) anisotropies at the highest energies, (3) mass composition, (4) energy spectrum, (5) conventional acceleration mechanisms. There seems little doubt that the bulk of the particles are of Galactic origin, and the two-component model is favored.(AIP)


This study examines the influence of the individual characteristic of playfulness on the use of the World Wide Web (WWW). Previous research suggests that microcomputer playfulness has an effect on computer usage in general, and we found support for a similar relationship in WWW use. Two samples of students were surveyed in this study; one consisting of undergraduate students and the other comprised of graduate students. Our findings also suggest that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect WWW use differentially for entertainment purposes and for course work purposes. Our study confirms previous research in that we found that ability to use the computer has a positive effect on WWW usage.


6040 Background: ACC is a rare tumor that overexpresses VEGF, primarily affecting salivary glands. Often indolent, it can progress, with metastases common in the lungs, liver, and bone. There are no FDA-approved systemic treatments (tx) for R/M ACC. Rivoceranib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that potently and selectively inhibits VEGFR2. Methods: In this single-arm, open-label multicenter trial, patients (pts) with R/M ACC with evidence of ≥20% progression by RECIST v1.1 or new lesions within the preceding 6 months (mos) were eligible, with no limit on prior tx. Pts received rivoceranib 700 mg daily until disease progression or withdrawal with pre-planned dose reductions for toxicity. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 by investigator (INV) and by Independent Review Committee (IRC). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and safety exploratory analysis included disease control rate (DCR) and ORR using CHOI criteria by IRC. Results: As of 11/2022, 80 pts (72 evaluable) were enrolled in the US and Korea (53% male; median age, 54 yrs), and 6 pts remain on tx. Primary tumor sites: major (34%) and minor (59%) salivary glands and other (8%). 74 pts (93%) had metastatic disease. 61.3% had prior systemic tx (18% prior VEGFR TKI). INV and IRC-assessed efficacy data are listed in the table. ORR by CHOI was 52.5% (53.1% VEGFR TKI-naive and 50% VEGFR TKI treated). mOS was 25.3 mos (28.3 mos VEGFR TKI-naïve and 22.6 mos VEGFR treated). Common adverse events (AEs) were hypertension (66%), fatigue (64%), and nausea (54%). Grade ≥3 AEs that occurred in >5% of pts were hypertension (43%), stomatitis (8%), fatigue and anemia (6% each). There were 4 Grade 5 AEs (2 epistaxis [1 related], 1 acute respiratory failure, 1 respiratory failure). Conclusions: Updated results with additional 9-month follow-up data continue to demonstrate that Rivoceranib has clinical efficacy and a manageable safety profile in pts with R/M ACC. Clinical trial information: NCT04119453 . [Table: see text]


The migration in a crystal of spatially inhomogeneous electronic excitations interacting with a phonon thermostat is studied. The evolution of excitons with band widths of the order of the optical phonon energy or greater is shown to be adequately described by a mixed, site-energy representation. A generalized diffusion equation is obtained with memory essentially dependent on the exciton energy and with an inhomogeneity term, describing the energy redistribution between the exciton band sublevels.

[Russian Text Ignored.]


An examination of the birth records of New York City for the years 1957-59 reported by Hewitt (1961) indicated that pregnancies which terminated in the summer months tended to be of shorter duration than those which terminated in the winter. February births showed the longest gestations and August births the shortest, the estimated difference being between one and two days. It seemed important to decide whether this fluctuation had a biological origin, or could be ascribed at least in part (as Hewitt suggested) to some seasonal variation either in obste tric practice (such as the use of oxytocic drugs) or in the accuracy with which gestation length was mea sured. An obvious first step in pursuing this problem was to decide whether the same phenomenon was observable in another area. The present communica tion reports the results of such an inquiry.


In the Free State of Bavariaʺ (Freistaat Bayern) , one of the federate states (Lander) of the Federal Republic of Germany , the Upper-Franconia (Oberfranken) is one of the seven regions (Bezirke) in possession of a certain degree of political and administrative autonomy , and a high sense of particularism , which it expressed in several ways towards the centralism of Munich , including some kinds of claimings for its independance , from 1945 since today. Through the study of the principal events of its contemporaneous political life , this analysis tries to insist on the affirmation of the Upper-Franconia as a place with a strong identity , which seems to be representative of the rise of the european regions , and could make today a profit on its position inside Germany and Europe , with its eastern extension , by seating its experience with regard to the historical heritage and actual tendencies of the german federalism , the conceptions and practices of the bavarian governments , so as the problems and perspectives of the institutional construction of the European Union and the place which could be devolved in it to the regional entities.


At present,the prevalence of monopoly industries has become the focus of social problems.In the process of transition from a planned economy to market economy,The chinese government regulations for the natural monopoly industries still exist many areas of failure.This article points out the paths of preventing the failures of government regulations for the natural monopoly industries on the basis of analyzing the chinese natural monopoly industries'own characteristics and causes of the failures of government regulations.