In magnetic recording systems the side fringing fields of magnetic recording heads are responsible for crosstalk from adjacent tracks and eventually for partial erasure of adjacent tracks, thereby limiting the attainable track density. In this paper we derive analytical expressions for the magnetic field near the side of a recording head and calculate the cosine transform of the longitudinal field component, with the head side angle and gap length as parameters. The field of a head of zero width is also considered. Due to the side fringing field the written track is somewhat wider than the geometrical head width; the increase in width being approximately proportional to the maximum field strength in the recording medium and the head-to-medium distance. The amplitude u of the read crosstalk signal from an adjacent, infinitesimally narrow track is calculated and it appears that it can be approximated by u/u_{0} = 0.5 \exp (-2\pi x/\lambda) , where u 0 is the on-track signal (with zero head-to-medium spacing), x is the distance between track and head side, and λ is the wavelength. Maximum track densities are calculated for a specified crosstalk-to-signal ratio and a given head width and wavelength. For a wavelength of 10 μm, a head width of 5 μm, and a crosstalk of -20 dB, the track density is limited to about 130 tracks/mm, assuming a track width equal to the head width. When the track is taken to be 5 μm wider than the head to account for the effects of the write process, no guardband at all is needed for -20 dB crosstalk and the limit to the track density is 100 tracks/mn.


The pressure-induced phase transition study of high-spin (HS) compound, [Co(bpy)3](NO3)2·3H2O (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), is characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), Raman spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations. The results indicate that the HS ground state t2g5eg2 on Co(II) is gradually transformed to low-spin (LS) state with configuration t2g6eg1 . This phase transition behavior is similar to the thermal-induced spin crossover phenomenon once it is incorporated into certain framework. In this study, we put the compound into diamond anvil cell and applied physical pressure to replace the framework effect. To analyze the x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and Raman spectroscopy, the finite difference method for near-edge structure (FDMNES) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are applied to illustrate the experimental spectroscopies, respectively. In XANES results, an intersection point around 7756.33 eV beyond 1.73 GPa is assigned as the critical point between HS and LS state. The extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis indicates that the averaged Co-N bond lengths is 2.127(7) A… at HS state and decreased to 1.950(4) A… at LS state. Based on XRD analysis, the external pressure reduces the hexagonal cell constants from a = 13.77(3) A… and c = 21.71(3) A… to a = 13.37(5) A… and c = 21.11(1) A…. According to those experimental results, the mechanism of such pressure-induce spin transition can be interpreted as the enhancement of intermolecular interaction by increasing the external pressure.


The change from Frankfurt School's negation of popular culture to Fiske's representative affirmation of cultural populism is caused,to a large extent,by the influence of different changes of social environment on the theorists.The audience are productive under the background of popular culture.Their aesthetics appreciation motivates movie makers to produce audience-oriented film texts.At present,the initiation of excellent Chinese film audience not only determine recreation,but also the survival and development of the film industry.The film audience is largely full of revel,during which the representative andience culture conficts with the elite culture,and in a sense wins the victory and starts "colonization".


An efficient iris segmentation method based on analyzing the local entropy characteristic of the iris image, is proposed in this paper and the strength and weaknesses of the method are analyzed for practical purposes. The method shows special strength in providing designers with an adequate degree of freedom in choosing the proper sections of the iris for their application purposes. Keywords—Iris segmentation, entropy, biocryptosystem, biometric identification.


By using the next generation digital cable TV technology as the backbone transmission,the user port wireless sensor network is built,and several important parts are designed,including the network physics architecture,the protocol-level collection,interconnection scheme and service type of wireless network and digital cable TV.And thus,the next generation of digital cable TV network to fronted extension is achieved,the further expansion of the next generation of digital cable TV network service is realized,and the value-added benefits are increased.


Background:
 JELIS indicated the efficacy of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in addition to statin for coronary events and cerebrovascular events in terms of secondary prevention. However, there are few studies on the efficacy of additional EPA to a strong statin in a manner of randomized controlled study.

 Objective:
 To evaluate the efficacy of additional EPA to strong statin for carotid plaque using carotid echography and pulse wave velocity (PWV).

 Methods:
 Forty patients (mean age 70 y.o.) with asymptomatic cerebral infarction and coronary artery disease who were administrated 2mg/day of pitavastatin were randomly assigned to EPA-group (n=20) and non-EPA-group (n=20). The patients in EPA-group were additionally administered 1800mg/day of EPA for more than 6 months. In all patients carotid echography was performed before EPA administration and average 8 months later. At the same timing, PWV was recorded.

 Results:
 There were no significant changes in lipids profile, PWV and Ankle-Brachial index after randomization between 2 groups. There was significant reduction of intima-media thickness (IMT)in EPA-group compared with non-EPA-group (follow-up IMT - baseline IMT : 015±0.38 vs 0.85±1.2mm,respectively; p<0.05), and there was significant improvement of pulsatility index of carotid echography.(0.94±0.39 vs 1.49 ±0.35; p<0.05). EPA/Arachidonic acid (AA) ratio was increased in EPA-group (0.4±0.3 to 1.2±0.5; p<0.01). The change of IMT during follow-up was significantly associated with the change of EPA/AA ratio (r=0.4, p<0.05).

 Conclusion:
 EPA reduced IMT even under the strong statin administration in patients with asymptomatic cerebral infarction.


Matthias Huss is an outstanding young glaciologist who completed his Ph.D. in 2009 at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Switzerland, and currently has a joint appointment there and at the University of Fribourg. During his short scientific career, Matthias has made substantial and innovative contributions to a broad range of topics in glaciology, including modeling and projection of glacier mass and runoff changes, glacier outburst floods, glacier dynamics, and climate-glacier interactions. His work ranges from local-scale to regional- and global-scale studies. Of note, he developed a new cutting-edge and already widely used parameterization to model glacier retreat, which fills the gap between complex ice flow models and simple scaling methods. He also computed ice thickness distribution maps of all 200,000 glaciers in the world based on principles of flow dynamics. This unique data set has many applications, of which perhaps the most significant is the estimation of the total volume of stored ice, a quantity that is critical for projections of sea level rise and water resources during the 21st century.


Medical images is an image registration method for use in process (800), a step (804) to provide a sequence of images each including a digital representation of the body part, selecting a reference image in the sequence ( and 806), the remaining images of the sequence determines the video, in relation to the reference image, and a step (808-854) to restructure at least a portion of the video, said step of restructuring, a) video at least one portion is delimited mask identifying the area of the reference image which has to be reorganized, and a step (808, 810) that defines a feature mask identifying a further region of the reference image that realignment is calculated, b ) stearyl be determined by optimizing a similarity measure, in order to compensate for the replacement of the video about the reference image an optimized change between a given A flop (820-851), based on the transformations c) optimizing, and a step (854) for converting at least a portion of the video.


Abstract:There are abundant reports on the use of aromatic amino acids and creatinineas biomarkers in serum and urine forCKD(chronic kidney disease). However, investigationsinto these bio-species in bio-fluids, such as saliva and sweat, are rarely reported. Increasing interest in non-invasive methods for medical diagnosis advocates for the testing of these bio-fluidstoidentify potential biomarkers for prompt clinical andpreliminary screening using advanced analytical equipment.Unstimulated whole saliva samples were obtained from twenty-seven CKD patients and an equivalent number of healthy individuals. Saliva was assayed with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electro-spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) in hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode. The data were analyzed using a student's t test and receiver operatingcharacteristic(ROC) to evaluate the predictive power of several potential biomarkers (P<0.01) in saliva for preliminary CKD screening. Through testing of salivary samples between CKD patients and healthy individuals, we found three possible salivary biomarkers that demonstrated significant differences(P<0.01) from the nine reported species in serum and/or urine. The area under the curve (AUC) values for control vs CKDpatientsfor on L-phenylalanine, L- tryptophan, and creatinine were 0.863, 0.834, and 0.916, respectively. This is the first report to compare serum and urine biomarkers in saliva between CKD patients and healthy people. This study explores the potential of CKD diagnosis by saliva, and demonstrates a positive correlation between salivary and serum creatinine.


In this study, the removal of MB from saline solutions was evaluated by two methods by adsorption and electrodialysis; the adsorption of the mixture dye/salt on dried orange peel waste (OPW) was studied in batch method. In this study the biosorption of cationic dye by OPW was investigated as a function of initial solution pH, and initial salt (sodium chloride) concentration. The maximal dye uptake at pH >= 3.6 in the absence and in the presence of salt and the dye uptake diminished considerably in the presence of increasing concentrations of salt up to 8 g/L. The Redlich Peterson and Langmuir were the most suitable adsorption models for describing the biosorption equilibrium data of the dye both individually and in salt containing medium. As well, this work deals with the electrodialysis application to remove the dye. Synthetic solutions were used for the investigation of the main operational factors affecting the treatment performance; such as applied voltage, pH, initial dye concentration and ionic strength. The experimental results for adsorption and electrodialysis confirmed the importance of electrostatic interactions on the dye. The electrodialysis process with standard ion exchange membranes enabled efficient desalination of cationic dye solutions; there are two main factors in fouling: electrostatic interaction between cations of dyes and the fixed charged groups of the CEM, and affinity interactions.


Monomeric copper(I) amido, alkoxide, and aryloxide complexes catalyze the addition of N−H and O−H bonds of amines and alcohols, respectively, to electron-deficient olefins. The ancillary ligands of the active catalysts include the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands IPr, IMes, and SIPr {IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; IMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; SIPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene} as well as the chelating bisphosphine ligand dtbpe {dtbpe = 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ethane}. For the hydroamination and hydroalkoxylation of olefins, both aromatic and alkyl substituents can be incorporated into the nucleophile, and both primary and secondary amines are reactive. Monosubstituted and disubstituted olefins have been demonstrated to undergo reaction. For the addition of aniline to acrylonitrile, kinetic studies suggest a pathway that is dependent on the concentration of amine, olefin, and catalyst as well as inversely proportional t...


Law enforcement officials have a long history of targeting, punishing and criminalising people who do not conform to gender norms. As feminist criminologists have shown, for example, women who fail to conform to femininity norms are often policed and punished more harshly in the criminal justice system than those who adhere more closely to societal gender expectations (Carlen, 1983, 1985; Heidensohn, 1996). Likewise, traditional norms around masculinity and femininity still operate as key modes of discipline, power and regulation within carceral settings (Sim, 1994 ; Carrabine and Longhurst, 1998; Crewe, 2006). Although the role of gender norms within the penal system is widely recognised, little attention has been paid to their specific impact on transgender people.


With the progress of urbanization, there are many phenomena of staggering between oil and gas pipelines and municipal pipeline networks, which increase the accidents that serious casualties caused by pipeline failure. Combined with the accident experience, many cities have reformed underground pipelines and adopted stricter management regulations. But, in some cities, underground pipelines still have great potential risks of leakage. Therefore, how to effectively on the pipeline leakage accident emergency is an urgent problem to be solved. The research object of this paper is the emergency response management of pipeline leakage and explosion accident in Qingdao, China. A multi-agent simulation model is constructed by Anylogic software, and the parameters of the failure link and the personnel protection link in the emergency disposal process are adjusted. The effectiveness of the emergency disposal scheme obtained by adjusting the parameters is verified, and the construction method of emergency response model for urban oil and gas pipeline leakage accident based on multi-agent model simulation is proposed, which is helpful to improve the emergency response effect of urban oil and gas pipeline leakage accident.


Objectives To discuss the positive rate of ventricular late potential (VLP) in the High-elderly group (ages >=80), the elder group (ages >=60) and the non-elderly group AMI patients (ages <60), respectively. Methods 357 cases of acute myocardial infarction patients (32 cases of high-elderly group AMI patients and 154 cases of elder group AMI patients and 171 cases of non-elderly AMI group patients), which were admitted to the first affiliated hospital of China Medical University between Feb. 2011 and Aug. 2011, were underwent VLP examination. Results The VLP positive rate of high-elderly AMI group was 71.9%, while that of elder AMI group was 53.2%, and that of the non-elder AMI group was 43.3%.The differences of the three groups have statistics meaning (X2=9.87, p<0.01) The occurrence rate of malignant ventricular arrhythmia in VLP positive patients was 15.1%, while in VLP negative patients was 6.2%.and the differences have statistics meaning (X2=7.44, p<0.01). Conclusions The VLP positive rate of high-elderly AMI group is the highest than that of the other groups. In the meanwhile the VLP positive rate of elder AMI group is higher than that of the non-elder AMI group. The occurrence rate of malignant ventricular arrhythmia in VLP positive patients is higher than that in VLP negative patients. VLP plays an important role in predicting the malignant ventricular arrhythmia attack of the high-elderly AMI patients.


The past forty years have seen increasingly rapid developments in the field of economy and hotel industry in China. One of the most significant current discussions in the hotel industry is in merger and acquisition (M&A). However, the analysis of M&A cases in the Chinese hotel company is unexplored. On this basis, this study aimed at investigating the impacts of BTG Hotel company M&A Home Inn. Based on annual report and other open-source data, this paper analyzes the motivation, risks and relevant business data of BTG hotel. According to the evaluations, this M&A case helps BTG Hotel achieve the business goals and reap business benefits, but also bring some operating risk. In general terms, this case accomplishes the expected purpose and can be considered as a successful M&A. These results contribute to the present understanding of the Chinese hotel company M&A and shed light on guiding further exploration of the effect of M&A on business valuation and goodwill.


Background and objectives: NuvaRing is a novel nonoral combined hormonal contraceptive. Present study aims to compare the efficacy, compliance, acceptability and tolerability of NuvaRing with COCs. Method : Prospective randomized, controlled study. Total 430 women fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria enrolled for study ,randomly divided in two groups of 215 each. Women in NuvaRing group were given NuvaRing for 12 cycles and women in COC group were given Mala N tablets for 12 cycles. Two groups were compared for efficacy, acceptability, compliance and tolerability by filling questionnaires. Results : There was no significant difference in efficacy, compliance and acceptability. NuvaRing group had more complaints of vaginal discharge and incidence of nausea was significantly higher in COC group. None of the women discontinued use due to side effects. Conclusion : NuvaRing has comparable efficacy, compliance, acceptability and tolerability as compared to COCs with the advantage to once a month dosing.


This thesis deals with the improvement of talent management in the company XY. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis is to prepare literature research in the area of talent man-agement and on the basis to formulate a theoretical basis for the practical part. The aim of the practical part of thesis is to analyze the current state of talent management in the com-pany XY and assess the advantages and disadvanatges of the system. The analysis used the qualitative research based on interview. The results are implemented in the processing of a project focused on improving talent management in the company XY. The project also including its economic performance, risk analysis and benefits associated with the implementation of the project.


Observations of Hench, 1 Schmitz 2 and others have shown that the concentration of urea in human saliva obtained by chewing paraffin averages about 80% of that of the blood. The published figures from which this average has been obtained show wide variations in different individuals. Those of Hench 1 vary from 50 to 130%, those of Schmitz 2 from 58 to 128%, and unpublished observations made in this laboratory in 1921 from 58 to 110%. Specimens of saliva secreted at slow and at rapid rates were obtained from each of 16 individuals, and their urea concentrations (urea plus ammonia) compared with that of blood taken at the same time. The slow specimens were obtained without stimulation, the rapid ones by chewing paraffin. (Table I.) All the subjects show a lower urea concentration in the rapidly secreted specimens, the average difference between slow and fast specimens being 46 mg. per 100 cc. The high figures obtained when the secretion rate was low are no doubt partly due to accumulated ammonium salts in the mouth, as noted by Hench. Since we could not be sure that this source of error was completely eliminated by preliminary washings of the mouth, a similar series of observations was made comparing the blood urea with that of saliva obtained from one parotid gland. Such saliva was found to contain only a negligible amount of ammonia. Solutions of tartaric acid (0.05% and 0.5%) were used as stimuli. The results are given in Table II. The secretion rates in this table can not of course be compared with those in Table I, but all subjects show a diminution in urea concentration when the secretion rate is increased, averaging 7.2 mg. urea per 100 cc.


Several surface features interpreted as cryovolcanic in origin have been observed on Titan's surface by both Cassini's RADAR (in SAR mode) and VIMS instruments throughout the Cassini prime mission. The Titan flyby T41 of 22 February 2008 includes a SAR image of part of Hotei Arcus, a semi-circular albedo feature, some 650 km in length along the arc, centered at 26S 79W. A second SAR image of Hotei was acquired May 12, 2008 on flyby T43. These images show that the arcuate southern boundary of Hotei, also seen in ISS data, appears somewhat mountainous in the SAR imagery, and 5 distinct narrow channels, presumably fluvial, flow radially inwards. In the center of the arc, the images reveal lobate, flowlike features that embay surrounding terrains and the channels. Analysis of these features suggest that they are of cryovolcanic origin and younger than surrounding terrain. Their appearance is superficially similar to a region in western Xanadu at 10S 140W imaged by RADAR on flyby T13, on Apr 30, 2006. These two regions are morphologically unlike most of the other cryovolcanic regions so far seen on Titan. Both regions correspond to those identified by the Cassini VIMS as having anomalous and variable infrared brightness, probably due to recent cryovolcanic activity. The RADAR images provide morphological evidence that is consistent with cryovolcanism.


Kaiser, H. 1980. Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung des Corpus cardiacum des Eintagsfliege Ephemera danica Mull. (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) wahrend der Metamorphose. [Light- and electron microscopic investigation on the corpus cardiacum in the mayfly Ephemera danica Mull. (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) during metamorphosis.] (Zoologisches Institut der Universitat Basel, Schweiz.) — Acta zool. (Stockh.) 61(2): 93–103.

The corpus cardiacum (cc) of Ephemera danica is an unpaired organ in the dorsal wall of the aorta. During the last four instars there has been no significant change in the volume of the cc of the males. In the females, however, the cc enlarges in the final nymphal instar due to a thickening of the organ. Owing to a shortening prior to the subimaginal moult the volume has diminished in the subimagines and imagines. In the electron microscope different types of axons and secretory granules could be observed. The type a axons contain electron opaque granules with a mean diameter of 125 nm. The granules in the axons of type b are smaller (mean diameter 85 nm) and are more or less electron opaque, and the type c axons are filled with less electron opaque secretory droplets with mean diameters of 170 nm. In the fourth type of axons (d) the granules are approximately the same size as those of the type a but are more irregular in shape. In addition to the different axons two cell types—interstitial and secretory cells—are described, and the probable mechanism of the release of neurosecretory material is discussed. During metamorphosis only minor changes were apparent at the ultrastructural level.


Two new species, Lyophyllum yiqunyang and L. heimogu, that belong to the section Difformia of the genus Lyophyllum, are described based on collections from Tibetan areas, China. The two species are delicious edible low-temperature mushrooms and are widely collected and eaten by local people. Lyophyllum yiqunyang sp. nov. is saprotrophic and has medium-sized basidiomata, olive-grey pileus, cheilocystidia, absent pleurocystidia, globose to subglobose basidiospores (6.12–6.31 × 6.02–6.23 μm) and clamp connections at the pileus context, hymenophoral trama and stipe. Lyophyllum heimogu sp. nov. is saprotrophic and has a dark grey to olive pileus, medium-sized basidiomata and globose to subglobose basidiospores (5.31–5.63 × 5.22–5.41 μm). In the phylogenetic analyses, our two new species formed distinct clades that are well supported by posterior probabilities and bootstrap proportions. Detailed descriptions, colour photos, illustrations and a phylogenetic tree to show the positions of the two new species are presented.


The 1985-86 Rural Family Planning Survey was confined to the rural sector and covered 17 of the 24 districts of Sri Lanka. Multistage stratified random sampling with probability in proportion to size was used in selecting the sample. A total of 3253 respondents were successfully interviewed between August 1985 and February 1986. 98.6% of the respondents had heard about oral contraception (the pill). Of those who had heard of it, 2/3 believed that pill-taking had harmful effects on women's health and body. This perception was constant across all social, economic, and educational groups. 3 characteristics were associated with small but interesting differences in the perception of risk of pill-taking. A slightly higher but significant percentage of those who work outside the home on an irregular basis were more likely to say that the pill detrimentally affects women's health. Those who have ever used traditional contraceptive methods (mainly calendar rhythm and withdrawal) were more likely to have a negative perception than those who had never used any traditional or modern method except the pill. Women living in developed areas were more likely to think that the pill had detrimental effects on health than women living in less developed areas. 1/3 of the women believed that the pill causes heart attacks, cancer, and birth defects. 16-18% thought that the pill causes weight gain and stroke/paralysis. About 17% thought the pill causes permanent sterility, and 10% thought it causes sexually transmitted diseases. Women's education and their status of pill use were the 2 most powerfully and consistently related factors identifying the women who gave "yes" responses from those who gave "no" responses to each of the 7 specified health problems. The results also showed that when the effects of all the variables were considered simultaneously, neither the husband's education nor the respondent's work status remained a significant variable discriminating the subgroups of women who have correct versus incorrect perceptions. 1 out of 3 women thought that childbearing was safer than pill-taking. This perception did not vary significantly across many subgroups, except for women's work status, contraceptive use, couple's wealth status, and the area development level. 1 of the most surprising findings of this study was that there is generally an inverse relationship between the modernity status of the women and their correct perceptions of the potential health risk of OC use with regard to cardiovascular disease and stroke.


The term algorithm is generally used to describe a series of logical steps that, when implemented within a computer program, will perform a desired computational task. The task must be defined precisely. Issues that are generally important in finding or choosing such an algorithm include: computational cost, computer memory or storage requirements, accuracy and precision, simplicity of description, and the tuning of the algorithm to computer architecture and organization.

Keywords:

algorithm;
program;
computational complexity;
program logic;
subroutine


In this paper, a low-power half-rate charge-steering echo cancellation hybrid circuit topology is proposed for full-duplex signaling over chip-to-chip interconnects. The proposed half-rate charge-steering hybrid topology has a very low power consumption compared to traditional current-mode and voltage-mode hybrid circuit topology implementations, thanks to the discrete nature of charge-steering hybrid topology avoiding direct current path between VDD and ground. The half-rate hybrid circuit topology has been implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology with a supply voltage of 1.2 V. The post-layout performance of the half-rate charge-steering hybrid including package parasitic has a differential received signal voltage swing of 0.8 V at 10 Gb/s data rate with a timing jitter of 10 ps over a FR4 PCB interconnect of length 20 cm. The total power consumption of the half-rate charge-steering hybrid is only 0.16 mW and its energy efficiency is 0.032 pJ/bit. The layout of the hybrid occupies an area of 0.0007 mm2.


Using the concept of the generalized vector value invex function, the Lagrange function is discussed, and a saddle point theorem is given for a class of nondifferentiable generalized fractional programming problem under a suitable condition.


In the clinical application of orthodontic anchorage,malocclusion implant anchorage has achieved good control of anchorage, and has obtained satisfactory results in the treatment of difficult cases who had higher control requirement for control implant anchorage.Therefore, implant anchorage gradually has been recognized and accepted by orthodontic doctor.At present, the research of implant anchorage has become one of the hot area in orthodontic research.In this paper, research status of micro-screw implant anchorage was reviewed.


The growing involvement of American business in international production and marketing has raised the question: Does international management really differ from management of domestic operations? This article uncovers the features which are unique to foreign marketing operations and describes processes for dealing with differences.


Consideration of the impact of computerized classroom instruction has evoked a lot of discussion about the future of translation teaching in the classroom. Translation teachers need to think about how to incorporate computer technology into the teaching of translation. An important advantage of the computerized classroom, which provides for teaching and learning translation on a computer network, is that the traditional roles of teachers and students will change, and the social distinction between them will also be blurred. Translating comes alive for the students. Stu- dents use translating for their own purpose and see it as an important and lively means of communication, not simply a performance to be evaluated by others. The classroom will become a translating community.


Since crash-worthiness simulations get more and more important as part of the car development process in order to reduce the cost of development, enhance the product quality, and minimize the time-to-market, the reliability of the simulation results plays a decisive role concerning their significance. Recently the simulation departments of several automotive companies started investigating the quantity and reason for deviations during a number of simulation runs on the same input model.

In this case study we discuss different measurements for instability and present a texture-based visualization method which allows the engineers to efficiently explore the simulation results by interactively hiding finite element structures with nearly constant crash performance. Furthermore, we describe those parts of our prototype which use a CORBA layer for providing the same view on a set of simulation results and allowing the visual comparison by using the marker functionality.


A method of controlling a data unit transmitter to the receiver (11) from the transmitter (10), and transmitting data units transmitter (10) receiver to (11), from the receiver (11) sending transmitter to (10), wherein a data unit (101) receives status for the information (104), a feedback message including the reception status information indicating at least one of the correct reception and not correctly received (102) a step of the transmitter (10) is, after receiving a feedback message (102), the feedback response information indicating reception status indicated in the feedback message received (102) and (105), a receiver ( transmitting to 11), the method comprising.


The symposium "E-learning inJapanese Language Education" took place in Barcelona in June 2012, organized by the "Association of Japanese language teachers in Spain" in cooperation with the "Japan Foundation". At the symposium, a number of lecturers specialising in Japanese language education and researchers active in several different countries met and discussed relevant issues in the field. One of the presentations given at the symposium introduced the application of digital communication media; Facebook, Skype, and Google Hangout, amongst others. The usage of Skype and Facebook in informal communication among language learners was particularly inspiring.


SUMMARY Different aged shoots of X-disease cherry trees (Prunus avium cv Bing) collected in spring (June) or summer (August) were assayed using fruit spurs or bud chips from current, 1-, 2- and 3-year old shoots. Ten to 20 single t-grafts were made onto indicator trees of Bing scions on mahaleb (P. mahaleb) rootstocks. Spring collections, irrespective of shoot age, produced transmission rates of 10%. In contrast, over half of the indicators were infected with summer collections, which when t-bud propagated onto mazzard (P. avium) seedlings resulted in 90% diseased progeny trees. Results showed that biologic assays for cherry X-phytoplasma were optimized using summer collections. Besides cherry sources, index-transmissions and propagations of scion buds from X- and peach yellow leaf roll- (PYLR) peach trees produced high rates of transmission (both diseases) and high numbers of diseased progeny (PYLR).


Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) offers considerable performance improvement to Chip Multi-Processors (CMPs). As the communication between processors on NoC increases, its system performance faces a severe challenge in congestion issues. Adaptive routing algorithm for NoCs provides a variety of path options, thus, it has fantastic potential to achieve better traffic distribution across the network by avoiding the congested regions. An excellent output selection method can realize the potential of adaptive routing algorithm as highly as possible. Therefore, designing an efficient output selection method is highly desirable. Conventional output selection methods only consider local information (buffer vacancy) or global information (path diversity) separately, which makes them difficult to spread traffic to different paths for load balance. In this paper, we propose an efficient output selection method integrating global information of path diversity and local information of buffer vacancy, to solve congestion problem in NoCs.


In order to improve the flexibility of the game formation of SimuroSot5v5,this article used the way of the information obtained by district-way in the ant colony algorithm,to build a midfield formation of the conversion system. To determine the appropriate midfield formationt,the system used the position of the ball as the drive information,and got the corresponding information elements from the information-distribution chart. At the same time,it improved the ability of self-adaption of each robot,by adding the block of self-regulation module deadlock task. The simulation results show that after added the ant colony algorithm decision-making system which gets the information elements by district-way,the football team's flexibility of midfield formation is increased,and the team's overall defense and offense ability are both be improved accordingly.


Not long after bubonic plague arrived at Florence in the spring of 1348 Boccaccio sat down to write his great satire the Decameron. It described the ravages of the Black Death in terrifying detail. Those who could afford to flee rode off in closed carriages to their country estates. When servants went to town for provisions they were ordered not to bring back bad news. Six and a half centuries have passed but Boccaccio's nobles would find our response to the AIDS pandemic quite familiar. In Europe and North America access to life-saving drugs is almost a matter of course and mortality rates from AIDS have fallen sharply. But 70 percent of the infections reported last year — 28 million human beings — were in sub-Saharan Africa. Fewer than one in a thousand is being treated and prevention efforts have been hamstrung by inadequate funding. In Africa alone AIDS kills 2.3 million people each year. That's equivalent to the entire population of Greater Seattle from Everett to Federal Way dying every 12 months. (excerpt)


While the management of a simulation project has many of the characteristics of traditional project management, it also has a number of unique issues that must be addressed. This paper will address the common, the not-so-common, and the treacherous aspects of simulation project management. A simulation specific series of steps will be presented. The paper also includes examples of past projects, the issues that arose, and how they were resolved.


This paper describes the design of a decision support system for shill detection in online auctions. To assist decision making, each bidder is associated with a type of certification, namely shill, shill suspect, or trusted bidder, at the end of each auction's bidding cycle. The certification level is determined on the basis of a bidder's bidding behaviors including shilling behaviors and normal bidding behaviors, and thus fraudulent bidders can be identified. In this paper, we focus on representing knowledge about bidders from different aspects in online auctions, and reasoning on bidders' trustworthiness under uncertainties using Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we provide a case study using real auction data from eBay. The analysis results show that our approach can be used to detect shills effectively and efficiently. By applying Dempster–Shafer theory to combine multiple sources of evidence for shill detection, the proposed approach can significantly reduce the number of false positive results in comparison to approaches using a single source of evidence.


He Dacao, Born and raised in Chengdu, is the writer of numerous unconventional novels, He studied history at Sichuan University from 1979 to 1983. After that, he worked for Chengdu Even/rig Paper as a journalist for 16 years. He has been teaching literature at Sichuan Normal University since 1999.


In the study of high speed flows at high altitudes, such as that encountered by re-entry spacecrafts, the interaction of chemical reactions and other non-equilibrium processes in the flow field with the gas dynamics is crucial. Generally speaking, problems of this level of complexity must resort to numerical methods for solutions, using sophisticated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. The difficulties introduced by reacting gas dynamics can be classified into three distinct headings: (1) the usually inadequate knowledge of the reaction rate coefficients in the non-equilibrium reaction system; (2) the vastly larger number of unknowns involved in the computation and the expected stiffness of the equations; and (3) the interpretation of the detailed reacting CFD numerical results. The research performed accepts the premise that reacting flows of practical interest in the future will in general be too complex or 'untractable' for traditional analytical developments. The power of modern computers must be exploited. However, instead of focusing solely on the construction of numerical solutions of full-model equations, attention is also directed to the 'derivation' of the simplified model from the given full-model. In other words, the present research aims to utilize computations to do tasks which have traditionally been done by skilled theoreticians: to reduce an originally complex full-model system into an approximate but otherwise equivalent simplified model system. The tacit assumption is that once the appropriate simplified model is derived, the interpretation of the detailed numerical reacting CFD numerical results will become much easier. The approach of the research is called computational singular perturbation (CSP).


Since the publication of the RFCs specifying Version 1.0 of the Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP), some errors have been noted. This informational document lists these errors and provides corrections for them.


Changes in meteorology, hydrology, and vegetation will have significant impacts on the ecological environment of a basin, and the middle-upper reach of Huaihe River (MUHR) is one of the key regions for vegetation restoration in China. However, less studies have quantitatively accounted for the contribution of vegetation changes to land surface discharge in the MUHR. To quantitatively evaluate the influence of vegetation changes on land surface discharge in the MUHR, the Bernaola–Galavan (B–G) segmentation algorithm was utilized to recognize the mutation year of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time sequence data. Next, the functional relationship between the underlying surface parameter and the NDVI was quantitatively analyzed, and an adjusted Budyko formula was constructed. Finally, the effects of vegetation changes, climate factors, and mankind activities on the surface discharge in the MUHR were computed using the adjusted Budyko formula and elastic coefficient method. The results showed the following: (1) the surface runoff and precipitation from 1982 to 2015 in the MUHR presented a falling trend, yet the NDVI and potential evaporation presented an upward trend; (2) 2004 was the mutation year of the NDVI time series data, and the underlying surface parameter showed a significant linear regression relationship with the NDVI (p < 0.05); (3) the vegetation variation played a major role in the runoff variation during the changing period (2005–2015) in the MUHR. Precipitation, potential evaporation, and human activities accounted for −0.32%, −15.11%, and 18.24% of the surface runoff variation, respectively.


A translucent screen (30) for displaying an image projected from a projection device (11) is provided with a display panel (30a) that has: a diffusion film (7) that diffuses projection light (1) projected from the projection device (11); and a colored film (6), which is disposed on the opposite side to the projection device (11) with respect to the diffusion film (7), and which can change transmissivity. The translucent screen is also provided with a control unit (12) that performs control to reduce the transmissivity of the colored film (6) in the cases where an illuminance in a space in which the translucent screen (30) is disposed is a first threshold or higher, and to increase the transmissivity of the colored film (6) in the cases where the illuminance in the space in which the translucent screen (30) is disposed is a second threshold or lower, said second threshold being lower than the first threshold.


The various techniques which constitute the Deep Mixing Method (DMM) are being used to treat, improve, and retain a variety of soil types on an international basis. A recent U.S. Federal research program has generated a detailed review of technology worldwide, and the broad findings of the research are presented in this paper. Major areas of focus are application, technology, and QA/QC and verification.


We review M-theory description of 4d N=2 SQCD. Configurations of M-theory fivebranes relevant to describe the moduli spaces of the Coulomb and Higgs branches are studied using the Taub-NUT geometry. Minimal area membranes related with the BPS states of N=2 SQCD are given explicitly. They almost saturate the BPS bounds. The deviation from the bounds is due to their boundary condition constrained by the fivebrane. The electric-magnetic duality at the baryonic branch root is also examined from the M-theory viewpoint. In this course, novel concepts such as creation of brane and exchange of branes in Type II theory are explained in the framework of M-theory.


Purpose: To present an open source and free platform to facilitate radiomics research — The "Radiomics toolbox" in CERR. Method: There is scarcity of open source tools that support end-to-end modeling of image features to predict patient outcomes. The "Radiomics toolbox" strives to fill the need for such a software platform. The platform supports (1) import of various kinds of image modalities like CT, PET, MR, SPECT, US. (2) Contouring tools to delineate structures of interest. (3) Extraction and storage of image based features like 1st order statistics, gray-scale co-occurrence and zonesize matrix based texture features and shape features and (4) Statistical Analysis. Statistical analysis of the extracted features is supported with basic functionality that includes univariate correlations, Kaplan-Meir curves and advanced functionality that includes feature reduction and multivariate modeling. The graphical user interface and the data management are performed with Matlab for the ease of development and readability of code and features for wide audience. Open-source software developed with other programming languages is integrated to enhance various components of this toolbox. For example: Java-based DCM4CHE for import of DICOM, R for statistical analysis. Results: The Radiomics toolbox will be distributed as an open source, GNU copyrighted software. The toolboxmore » was prototyped for modeling Oropharyngeal PET dataset at MSKCC. The analysis will be presented in a separate paper. Conclusion: The Radiomics Toolbox provides an extensible platform for extracting and modeling image features. To emphasize new uses of CERR for radiomics and image-based research, we have changed the name from the "Computational Environment for Radiotherapy Research" to the "Computational Environment for Radiological Research".« less


This paper presents the dynamic performance of interconnected three area hydrothermal power systems with conventional controllers. In this work, area 1 and area 2 consists of thermal power plant while area 3 consists of hydro power plant. The thermal and hydro power plant incorporate with reheat turbine and either mechanical governor or electric governor respectively. The conventional I, PI and PID controller is used in load frequency control. The Integral Time Absolute Time Error (ITAE) objective function is used for the design of conventional controller gain and Ant Colony Optimization technique is considered for tuning of PID controller gain with ITAE objective function. Performance of mechanical and electric governor is compared with and without considering generation rate constraint effects. Also the performance of Electric governor is studied with conventional I, PI controller and ACO based PID controller. The simulation result shows that electric governor improves the control performance more efficiently than the mechanical governor and ACO optimization technique give better controlled performance. One percentage of step load has been considered in either area of the system for this investigation.


In the cellular wireless system, transmitted power is regulated to provide each user an acceptable connection while limiting the interference from other users. This work addresses the power budgeting problem in association with base station assignment. In the context of CDMA system, we minimize the total transmitted power subject to maintaining an individual target SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) for each mobile and base station. We formulate the optimization model and a solution method is proposed.


Objective To establish a method for the determination of total flavonoids content in Kangli capsule.Methods The detection was set at 504 nm with rutin as reference by ultraviolet spectrophoto-metry.The content of the total flavonoids was employed as the index to investigate the adsorption and elution of them on polyamide.Results The method was linear within the range of 6.891-34.456 μg/mL.The average recovery of the assay was 102.4% and RSD was 1.9%.Conclusion The method was simple,highly accurate and nontoxic,which may be used in the assay of total flavonoids in Kangli capsule.


The study on prescription apply fertilizer scheme,reasonable density,field planting way and the selection of the varity under high density. Results showed that new corn kind jiang203,longdan26,jidan27,dongnong250,jigao2 and longdan25 suit this district to plant,and jiang203,longdan25 and longdan26 have highest output under the density level of 20 cm,25 cm and 30 cm;In the 5 kinds of field planting way,the yield of 2 to zero pattern is highest,the yield is the(827.08) kg/667m~2;Prescription apply fertilizer scheme also reach expected effect.


Objective:To study the chemical components of Qili Qiangxin Capsule and to clear its material basis for efficacy.Methods:The compounds were isolated from fractions eluted by 95% ethanol,70% ethanol and 30% ethanol on silica gel,sephadex LH-20,MPLC and PHPLC repeatedly.Results:11 compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical methods and spectral analyses.They were identified as 11-anhydro-alisol F(1),β-sitosterol(2),alisol E 23-acetate(3),formononetin(4),S-4a(5),periploca glycoside H1(6),isoastragaloside I(7),calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(8),narirutin(9),rutosids(10),lithospermic acid(11).Conclusion:Compounds 1-4,6,7,9-11 are identified from Qili Qiangxin Capsule for the first time.


The Supervised Internship is a practice that has benefits, through interaction, to all parties involved student, university and company. The Higher Education Institutions are looking for ways to fit the new reality of higher education and the service sector. In this context, the relationship marketing becomes important, because besides having quality service is necessary to have good relationship with the public with the Higher Education Institutions and university relate. Thus, this paper focuses on the public business community (KOTLER and FOX, 1994) and the Supervised Internship Administration of the course of administration of a university community UNIJUI. We sought to understand how the Supervised Internship Administration can be a relationship channel between the university and business community. The research is exploratory and descriptive, articulated as a case study (YIN, 2001), using questionnaires as a tool for data collection (MALHOTRA, 2001). It is noticed that the Supervised Internship Administration provides interaction between university and business community and this interaction should be used strategically by the Higher Education Institutions to disclose the name of the university, creating a favorable image in the community and establish bonds of relationships between the parties. This exchange of information, through the exchange of experience, elevates the perceived quality of courses, ensures a complete training to students and contributes to improvements for businesses who give training field.


Sustainability concept exists in the soul of the Cittaslow (slow city) philosophy. This protest movement is mainly based on the philosophy of sustainability by promoting the "slowness" perspective and the concept of sustainable development at the local level. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of Cittaslow (slow city) philosophy on support for sustainable tourism development in North Cyprus. In this context, this research study is concentrated on the influences of Cittaslow practices on support for sustainable tourism development with dimensions in terms of socio-cultural, economic and ecological aspects.,This study was based on a quantitative research approach to observe the significant effects and meet the objectives. The data were collected randomly by self-administrated questionnaires from residents who are living in the slow cities (Yeni Bogazici, Mehmetcik, Lefke, Gecitkale and Tatlisu) at North Cyprus.,The partial least squares approach to the structural equation model was used to analyze the data. The research results were discussed the critical issues and consequences in the management of slow cities.,The slow city concept is a very significant movement that emphasizes the importance of local differences and sustainability. There is a lack of knowledge about the effects of Cittaslow membership and efforts on sustainable tourism development in North Cyprus. The critical factors and implications were pinpointed for enhancing sustainable tourism development in slow cities.


A method of joint inversion of Magnetotelluric, seismic refraction and seismic reflection (JIMRR) is developed especially for typical hydrocarbon or hard-rock mineral exploration. JIMRR includes two parts: jointed seismic refraction and seismic reflection; and its combination with Magnetotelluric (MT) method. The objective of the research is to enhance spatial resolution of the three model parameters: electrical resistivity, seismic velocity and reflector depth. Since horizontal coordinates of reflector are not treated as model parameters in existing travel time inversion algorithm, seismic forward modelling may loss the true reflection point locations at the side edges of reflector with limited extension. We developed the technology of extensible reflector to overcome this problem. JIMRR is completed by employing the cross-gradient function as constraints which enforces the structural similarity between the resistivity and the seismic velocities, so as to reduce velocity-depth ambiguity. The cross-gradient constraints are incorporated into the solution through least squares and Lagrange multiplier method. This method results in integrated symmetric square linear matrix that is solved by bi-conjugate gradient method (BiCG). Two example synthetic models show that our joint inversion can significantly enhance the spatial resolution of inversion; and also the velocity-depth ambiguity caused by reflection travel time inversion can be notably reduced by constraints from shallow lithologies.


reach.' And for Housman it is not the sea, but those 'blue has nothing to say, but endless ways of saying it. The remembered hills' where, of course, he 'cannot come discipline I think is tougher from the meditational point of again' " (Ibid. p. 15). view. Though perhaps capable of an intensity not open to those beginning from sense, human experience is limited, In defining the common features of his English line and one must know what has been said in order not to say it poets, which he calls the poetry of the unpoetic, John Ward again. Thus Eliot, comparing In Memoriam with The City of is defining a kind of poetry he admires. It is interesting to Dreadful Night: A Shropshire Lad, and the poems of Thomas note how a critic of a completely different cast of mind Hardy, declared, "It is greater than they and comprehends sums up his experience of the work of a poet we might at them." This is not a reason not to read these poets: but it first suppose belongs to another tradition entirely: is a reason to think that what one has learnt from In Fairchild describes William Carlos Williams as almost Memoriam will not be further developed by reading Hardy, fanatically the poet of the antipoetic, whose first duty was or Housman, or Thompson. And nowadays, the difficulty "the collection of brute facts in order to know this world of maintaining the non-material ideas or feelings necessary and render it faithfully. This is what Williams does in his to creativity is exacerbated by the general disbelief in their almost purely imagistic pre-1920 poems" (RT VI p.44). He reality, has a purpose though, but when he lets it off the leash, as in Paterson, the structure fails and the work becomes I have attempted to show that there are two traditions "hopelessly chaotic." The order grows from the fruits of of poetic composition, one strong and one weak, which may observation, and uncontrolled by the discipline of a passion be seen to stem from Wordsworth and Coleridge or an idea, it grows into disorder. respectively. But if mind, or a power of our generic self, is to be re-introduced into English poetry, we as critics, the Poetry seen from the observational point of view will guardians of a tradition that most modern practitioners appear to present enormous possibilities—no one image is have little knowledge of or interest in, will have to quite the same as any other image: life in one country, or demonstrate the secondary nature of observation, of one town, or one house, is not quite the same as in any understanding, of what is derived from the material, and other. One may play ceaselessly upon these permutations; the primary importance of reason, of meditation, and of but even the advocates of this kind of poetry suggest that it what is essentially human.


The drive beam phase stability is one of the critical issues of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). In this paper the generation and propagation of drive beam phase errors is studied for effects that vary during the drive beam pulse. This includes the influence of drive beam current and phase errors as well as of drive beam accelerator RF phase and amplitude errors on the drive beam phase after the compressor chicanes and the analysis of the propagation of these errors through the drive beam combination scheme. The impact of the imperfections on the main beam is studied including the possible correction with help of a feedforward system.


Aim To investigate the myocardial hypertrophy,the expression of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),Smad3 and Smad7 proteins in spontaneous hypertensive rats(SHR)and the effects of benazepril and candesartan.Methods SHRs of 12 weeks old were given benazepril and candesartan for 12 weeks.The tail arterial pressure was measured every two weeks.At 12 th weekend,cardiac configuration,heart mass index,area of cadiocytes,concertrations of AngⅡin plasma and myocardium,expressions of TGF-β1、Smad3 and Smad7 proteins were measured respectively.Results The arterial pressure,wall thickness,heart mass index,area of cardiocytes and the expressions of TGF-β1,Smad3 proteins increased in SHRs but were attenuated after the treatment of benazepril or candesartan.After the combined treatment,the synergistic effect could be observed.The levels of cardiac tissue and plasma AngⅡwere reduced.The expressions of Smad 7 were up-regulated after the treatment of benazepril or candesartan,while they were stable after the combined use.Conclusion There is a synergistic effect of attenuating myocardial hypertrophy in SHRs by combined use of benazepril and candesartan.It may be related to the regulation of Ang Ⅱ,decreasing the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3.


It's hard to program and proofread,when using traditional CNC programming in parts with freedom of curves and surfaces,to solve this problem,teaching programming method with smoothing function is proposed.This method get teaching points by operator's demonstration operation,apply smoothing algorithm can get reproduction processing track and processing procedures from teaching points.The trajectory reproduction smoothing algorithm has two smoothing function,first use spline smoothing algorithms and arc smoothing algorithms fitting curve with spline and arc on the part where meet the conditions of the algorithm,second add a short arc on the corner to make the curve smoother if the fitting curve exists corner.The feasibility and accuracy of teaching programming smoothing algorithm is verified by experiment and this programming method enriches the programming of the CNC system.


This bachelor thesis deals with problematic of anarchistic infoshop as a space where activities of the culture of resistance are concentrated. It is a case study engaged in the Ljubljana's A-Infoshop. The paper tries to express the nature of this place. It characterises its space and describes the activities that it provides. Then it puts the A-Infoshop into the context of the theoretical concepts of the culture of resistance and the border culture. Later it deals with the A-Infoshop as the independent information centre. It notes the autonomous, non-profit and non-hierarchical nature of it. Finally, it proposes that A-Infoshop plays important role for anarchist movement as a space, where many anarchist activities can develop.


Feeding and reproductive biology of Blue perch, Badis badis, were studied for domestication and captive maturation under captivity. For captive maturations semi-natural habitat for fish were made with the help of sandy bottom, gravels, stones along with plantation of some of the ornamental plants and were stocked in 02 different systems i.e., flow through system (75 cm length × 45 cm width × 25 cm water height; 85 lit approx) and Cement cistern (180 cm length × 95 cm width × 45 cm water height; 770 lit approx). A total number of about 464 specimens of B. badis belonging to the size ranges of 16.5-59.3 mm and 0.052.52 g were taken for this present study. The RLG value was found increased with the increase of total body length. The average GaSI was found to be 4.76±1.27. Sexual dimorphism is well marked by their colour pattern, adult males display bright colour with 5 pairs (10 nos.) of black stripes visible on the body.


Bacitracin Bacitracin has been shown to inhibit both the reductive and the oxidative functions of the protein PDI. Although the mechanism(s) of inhibition is unknown, bacitracin has been shown to inhibit the intrinsic disulfide isomerase activity of integrin αIIb β3 (O'Neill et al., 2000; Robinson et al., 2006) and fibronectin (Weston et al., 2001), proteins not related to the PDI family, but containing a CXXC motif. Thus, bacitracin can inhibit a wide range of thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Bacitracin is transported poorly into mammalian cells and thus it inhibits PDIs at the surface of target cells (Mandel et al., 1993). Our experiments were conducted in the presence of 5% bovine fetal serum, known to inhibit any contaminant protease activity in the bacitracin preparation (Weston et al., 2001). The concentration range used in other studies for inhibiting PDI is 0.5-5 mM.


Abstract: Contra John Rawls, G. A. Cohen argues that the fundamental principles of justice are not constrained by the limits of our nature or the nature of society, even at its historical best. Justice is what it is, even if it will never be realized, fully or at all. Likewise, David Estlund argues that since our innate motivations can be justice-tainting, they cannot be a constraint on the right conception of justice. Cohen and Estlund agree that if the attempt to implement a certain conception of justice is likely to result in widespread harm or injustice, then it should not be implemented, but that this does not entail that the conception itself is false. I argue that (i) there is no way to judge the soundness of a principle of justice independently of all psychological facts, and the effects that the principle is likely to have if it is implemented; (ii) a principle of justice that, if implemented, makes it hard or impossible for individuals committed to justice to lead happy and worthwhile lives, even if the circumstances are favorable to living justly, cannot be sound; (iii) without the constraints noted in (i) and (ii), there can be no reason to reject racist, sexist, or other wrongheaded principles of justice that have been advanced as sound over the years, principles that even Cohen and Estlund would reject. In short, justice is justice only if kept within the limits of human nature.


The quark flavor distribution functions of the octet baryons (N, Σ, Ξ, and Λ) have been calculated in the chiral constituent quark model. In particular, the valence and sea quark flavor distribution functions of the scalar density matrix elements of octet baryons have been computed explicitly. The implications of chiral symmetry breaking and SU(3) symmetry breaking have been discussed in detail for the sea quark asymmetries, a fraction of a particular quark (antiquark) present in a baryon, flavor structure functions and the Gottfried integral. The meson-baryon sigma terms σπB, σKB, and σηB for the case of N, Σ, and Ξ baryons have also been calculated. The results have been compared with the recent available experimental observations for the case of N, and how the future experiments for Σ, Ξ, and Λ can provide important constraints to describe the role of nonvalence (sea) degrees of freedom has been discussed.


Na - /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX) is an ion transporter that exchanges Na - and Ca 2- in either Ca 2+ efflux or Ca 2+ influx mode, depending on the ion gradients across the plasma membrane and membrane potential. In cardiac and vascular myocytes, NCX is thought to play an important role in the regulation of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration. Recent studies using selective NCX inhibitors and gene targeting mice reveal etiological implications of NCX1 in cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injuries, heart failure and salt-dependent hypertension. This article presents the recent advance in our understanding of the pathological roles of NCX and the therapeutic potentials of NCX inhibitors.


Caspase‐3 is known as a cysteine protease that primarily executes the cell death program. However, some tumors express higher levels of caspase‐3 in positive correlation with malignancy. Here, we showed that caspase‐3 can promote tumor metastasis in a protease‐independent mechanism. Ectopic expression of caspase‐3 enhanced lung metastasis and cell motility of caspase‐3 deficient MCF‐7 cells. By contrast, caspase‐3 siRNA reduced the invasiveness and metastasis ability of A549 cells that express high level of caspase‐3. Moreover, caspase‐3 induced ERK activation. Alteration of caspase‐3 by introducing non‐processable mutation at its cleavage site or treatment of caspase‐3 inhibitor did not diminish the caspase‐3‐associated increases in ERK phosphorylation and cell migration. Confocal microscopy study showed that caspase‐3 was not physically associated with ERK. Inhibiting ceramide formation by blockage of the ceramide synthase or acid sphingomyelinase activity resulted in significant reduction of ERK phosphorylation and cell migration. In summary, caspase‐3 induces ERK activation through a ceramide‐dependant, protease activity‐independent mechanism, which represents a novel role of caspase‐3 in tumor metastasis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The invention provides a preparation method of triphenyl phosphate. Firstly, phenol is added to an organic solvent, phosphorus oxychloride is added in a dropwise mode, meanwhile, a metal catalyst is added, and after a heat preservation reaction, triphenyl phosphate is obtained through after-treatment. The preparation method is simple in process step, high in product yield and low in production energy consumption, three-waste emission is greatly reduced, production cost is reduced, the product purity is high, the impurity content is low, and the yield is high.


Peculiarities of hemispheric asymmetry in 59 boys and 39 girls with arterial hypertension (mean age – 15.1 ± 1.5) were studied. The comparison group of healthy children included 60 boys and 37 girls (mean age – 14.9 ± 1.3). The total indicators of sensorimotor asymmetry showed significant deviations in formation of functional hemispheric asymmetry only in the group of boys. At the same time, differences of the asymmetry indicators between main group of girls and the one of comparison were quite moderate and did not reach the level of statistical significance. It is associ- ated with adaptation features of the boys with hypertension to changes of normal functioning of cardiovascular system.


Thermal decomposition results for CCl 4 , CHCl 3 , CH 2 Cl 2 , CH 3 Cl, C 3 H 3 Cl, CFCl 3 , CF 2 Cl 2 , CF 3 Cl, CF 2 HCl, CF 3 I, CH 3 I, C 2 H 5 I, C 6 H 5 I, and CCl 2 O are reviewed and summarized. The results were obtained by shock tube techniques coupled with optical spectroscopic detection of transient species formed from dissociation. The method is illustrated with the CH 3 I (+ Kr) → CH 3 + I (+ Kr) reaction where decomposition was monitored using I-atom atomic resonance absorption spectrometry (ARAS). Modern unimolecular rate theoretical analysis has been carried out on the present cases, and the conclusions from these calculations are discussed. Lastly, the possible destruction of halo-organics by incineration is considered and some implications are discussed.


The present invention relates to a magnetic roasting making ferrochrome sands separation of iron and chromium, after the reselection may be preselected main gangue minerals thrown, reduction roasting using magnetic, weakly magnetic iron minerals is converted by reduction roasting ferromagnetic minerals, and the nature of chromite not changed, not by low intensity magnetic separation, the iron minerals can be entered weak magnetic iron ore concentrate, to enter the weak magnetic chromite ore tailings become chromium to achieve the separation of ferrochrome, ferrochrome improve the ratio.


The objective of this experi-
ment was to evaluate the erosive
potential of powdered juices, soft
drinks, sport drinks, and canned
teas available on the Brazilian
market. We evaluated 30 trades of
powdered juices (j), 11 sport drinks
(sp), 22 soft drinks (so) and 7 can-
ned tea (t). Acid titrability and pH
measurements were performed for
each of the different beverages.
ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests
were used to detect any significant
differences among groups. The
pHs were always lower than 3.9.
The amount of NaOH, necessary
to neutralise the solutions, was
always lower than 8.3 mL. Mean
pH of group t was significantly
higher than mean pH of groups j
and sp. Acid titrability was signi-
ficantly higher in group j than in
groups sp, so and t; and acid titra-
bility was significantly higher in
group so than in group t. It may be
concluded that, considering that
the critical pH to dissolute enamel
is 5.5, all beverages tested in this
experiment presented significant
erosive potential.
Key words: tooth erosion, erosive
potential, pH, acid titrability, pro-
duct surveillance.


FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to rock-breaking tool used for drilling of oil and gas wells, especially for drilling of inclined oriented and horizontal wells and rocks represented by alternation of interlayers of various hardness. Blade drill bit comprises body with connecting thread, central channel and outlet holes for washing fluid, and blades equipped with polycrystalline diamond cutters PDC. Surface of blades is equipped with composition coating having various wear resistance by thickness, at the same time resistance of composite coating to abrasive wear increases in direction from external surface to underlying layers, and value of cutter protrusion near center of bit above surface of composite coating is knowingly lower than required for drilling of hardest rocks in this geological cut. EFFECT: improved controllability with simultaneous increase of PDC drill bit vibration stability by application of special composite coating and control of cutter protrusion above this coating. 4 dwg


In spite of the important development that the Web has gone through in the last years, the field of education has not taken fully advantage of this development. Using this technology on the educational process could bring different benefits for all its users. In this paper we propose a computer platform on the Web for the development of education's collaborative applications. This platform includes access control through passwords, and queries to a database with structured information, semi-structured data and meta-information. We also provide some facilities of collaboration for the applications developed. Finally we propose some applications that can be supported by this platform, and we provide the possibility to built other applications not only on the Web.


Abstract I imagine that criticism in the leading article of traditional linguistically orientated perspectives of language reflects the perceptions of many clinicians working with aphasic clients; that is, different analyses provide information about how linguistic and communication behaviours relate to standard models of behaviour. However, they do not interpret the relevance of skills and deficits in aphasic speakers' day-to-day communication. The author proposes that assessment and treatment conducted in an interactive context addresses two limitations of current approaches to the assessment and treatment of aphasia.


LORD KITCHENER S CALYPSO has expressed the one irrefutable truth about the so-called "mixed" society (if only it would mix, the story might be different). And being considered black, from the cradle, the black man growing up in a white world is in danger of accepting that world's estimate of what blackness entails. We sense this especial terror throughout James Baldwin's mordant essay The Fire Next Time.* Baldwin reminds us that it is not only white society which makes a man a "nigger," but also the steady relentless pressure of his own kin. Having themselves been conditioned by the stereotype, they see no reason why their sons should expect to escape from it. In the words of another calypso, "Nayger no like t'see nayger-man flourish."


Tio2 nanoparticles have been prepared by green synthesis method using neem extract. The structural properties of the synthesised titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been studied using x-ray diffraction method. The grain size was observed to lie in the range of 65 75 nm. Surface morphology of the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles has been carried out using SEM. The band gap energy has been found to be 3.43 eV from the absorption spectra of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The sample is subjected to FTIR and EDAX studies.


Ion trap improvements require some geometrical modifications which can alter significantly the relative linear and non-linear field contributions. In this work, where the ion trap was interfaced with an electrospray source, it was shown that under particular ion trapping conditions due to space charge, artefacts called ghost peaks are displayed in the mass spectra. They are characterized by particular width and shape and appear at twice the m/z ratio of the expected peaks (for positive and negative ions) when the analyzed ions are ejected at β x = 1/3 (extended mass range mode). They were unambiguously identified by using isolation sequences. The various experimental factors governing the observation of ghost peaks were explored in order to rationalize their origin. Especially the capillary exit voltage, ion accumulation time and low m/z cut-off of the analytical scan, which modify the space charge strength, influence the ghost peak intensities. Furtbermore, it is evidenced that only the injected ions which are located at q z ≤ 0.25 (β x ≤ 2/11) at the beginning of the analytical scan step give rise to the formation of such artefact peaks. Under tbese experimental conditions, the ion cloud defocused by space charge is subjected to high-order multipole fields (e.g. 22-pole). Then the motion of the analyzed ions is destabilized, affecting the ion ejection. It seems that two ion populations can co-exist: (i) one submitted to a normal ion ejection at q z = 0.45, where the axial modulation is applied, i.e. normal peaks, and (ii) a second ejected at the natural q z = 0.908 boundary, leading to ghost peaks at twice the m/z value of normal signals.


Thermal decomposition of aluminum methyl cyclohexyl hypophosphite(Al(MHP)) filled epoxy(EP)composite were investigated with thermogravimetric analyses(TG)and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The interaction between component during thermal decom position process was explored with theoretical arithmetic,adopted FTIR to analyse the product of de composition.Results show that adding Al(MHP)into EP causes the initial decomposition tempera ture of composite shifting to the lower temperature,but results in a decrease of degradation rate and an increase of carbon forming.FTIR results show the residues are rich in C and P element,The com pound with C and P are beneficial for the thermal stability of the composite.


Based on the comparison of three methods for performance grade(PG) of asphalt binder,it is considered that PG can be selected by the LTPP formula.This paper put forward to,in combination with the climate data,the PG results for main areas,with discussion on main matters that merit attention in the process of selecting a binder.


The repair of opaque defects in photomasks and reticles using focused ion beams (FIBs) can give rise to staining of the quartz substrate. A purpose built system is used to measure the transmission properties of stained regions and reveals relative fractional transmission of 60% at i line, falling to 25% in the deep ultraviolet (DUV). A series of printability trials using commercial steppers and processes at i line and DUV wavelengths shows the effects in resist images due to these stains in comparison with the original defects. The negative resist process used at DUV affords some protection against the printability of stained areas. However, the results confirm that antistain processes must be used with FIB repair which can be counter productive without them.


The issue focuses on the health care system as a key element of the structure of the sustainable development economy. The first stage of the study was to determine the factors and initial conditions for building an effective health care system in Ukraine. It is argued that the initial conditions for building the effective health care system in countries vary widely and are characterized by varying strengths of challenges and threats. It is concluded that Ukraine's economic development is largely determined by global determinants along with national ones, among them the most influential are: capital, success and effectiveness of structural reforms, effective changes in industrial policy, transformations in public consumption, investment-innovation and technological policy, institutional development infrastructure of small and medium business. The systemic problems of the domestic economy and the health care system have been identified. The planned financing of health care elements for 2021 has been analyzed and its weaknesses have been identified. Emphasis is placed on the contradictions between the priorities of the state budget and its coverage. The problem of potential sources of expansion of general expenses is considered. The basic elements that are necessary for the development of the health care system of Ukraine in modern conditions have been identified. The content of economic, ecological and social components of the transformation of the health care system, which are realized through the active participation of the state, private sector and society in the development of the medical sphere of the country, is revealed. The environmental component in the aspect of health care is revealed through crisis determinants that qualitatively change the indicators of health system efficiency. A set of determinants of health care functioning on a global scale is described, among which economic, political, ecological threats, educational crisis; threats of global terrorism are singled out. The basic requirements to the health care system are defined and substantiated on the basis of the analysis of the health care market of Ukraine, the analysis of the purposes of the health care system functioning and the purposes of sustainable development in Ukraine. The content of the basic requirements for the health care system, which corresponds to the formulated basic principles of the effective health care system, is revealed. The priorities for formulating the requirements for the health care system in the conditions of sustainable development of economic relations have been formulated.


In acid-impacted forests, lime has been applied to neutralize acidity and mitigate acidification of soil and surface waters. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of liming on watershed mercury processes and transport. I investigated the effects of liming on mercury, organic carbon, and sulfur concentrations and stocks in forest soil 19 years after the application of lime to the Woods Lake Watershed, Adirondack Park, New York, USA (4252' N, 7158' W). The mercury, organic carbon, and sulfur stocks were significantly greater in the forest floor of limed areas (24.5 vs. 11.1 Hg g/ha for Oe and 31.6 vs. 14.6 Hg g/ha for Oa; 36.8 vs. 18.6 OC t/ha for Oe and 33.1 vs. 12.7 OC t/ha for Oa; 0.17 vs. 0.09 S t/ha for Oe and 0.15 vs. 0.06 S t/ha for Oa) than reference areas. My results suggest that the accumulation of mercury stocks in the forest floor of limed areas is a result of enhanced accumulation of organic carbon due to liming. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding of the effects of liming in forest soil, and the long-term impacts of acid deposition on the processing of mercury in forest ecosystems. The effects of watershed liming on mercury concentrations and stocks in soil of Woods Lake, New York


The wettability between solid aluminum and molten tin, zinc and tin-zinc alloy was evaluated by means of an interfacial impedance method. The impedance response between two aluminum plates dipped into the molten metal was measured by a frequency response analyzer. The effects of surface roughness and oxidation of aluminum on the wettability were evaluated by comparing to standard aluminum surface. The equivalent circuit at the interface between the aluminum plates and melts was considered as the parallel connection of resistance and capacitance. The contact angle of metal on aluminum was also measured in vacuum and Ar atmosphere to compare with the impedance method. A small contact angle corresponds to the large capacitance of the equivalent circuit. The large value of capacitance is observed in the cases of higher temperature, the thinner oxide-layer on the aluminum-surface and smoother aluminum-surface. The impedance method, which shows the lower transition temperature for wettability than the sessile drop method, is found to be suited to observe wettability phenomenon. The value of capacitance after achieving a good wettability reaches about 4Fm-2 in any case of melts.


The present research work recapitulates the fact that a Diasporic subject traverses through the conduits of autobiographical or biographical details, moves from one country to another, experiences love affairs, receives education etcetera. The circumscribed fulcrum of the study includes three novels of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni namely Queen of Dreams (2004),The Palace of Illusions: A Novel (2008),One Amazing Thing (2010). An attempt has been made to analyse these novels thematically, theoretically, textually, and philosophically. The study has also contextualized the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of Empiricism, Cognitivism, Pragmatism, Structuralism, Formalism, Psychoanalysis, Postcolonialism, Modernism, Postmodernism, Marxism, Cultural Materialism, Historicism, Feminism, Neo-Platonism, Aestheticism etc.


The advent of portable, inexpensive multiple channel data acouisitioo svstetns has made twssible the implementation of a ~~-7~~~~ ,~ Multiple Reference Impact Testing (MRiT) method for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Frequency Response tneasurements. MRIT combines the historical advantages of impact testing and MIMO testing tnetbods. This method is particularly useful for trouble-shooting, tield testing, and preliminary analysis purposes. This paper addresses two developntents that enhance the utility of the MRIT method. The geometry of most test objects limits the possible impact locations and directions. To generate more descriptive mode shapes, a completion algorithm estimates the response for unmeasurable degrees of freedom. This papa includes some basic modal vector completion methods that are suitable for impact testing. This paper also describes signal processing techniques to improve the quality of impact testing mezwretttents. These techniques include time domain windowing atd procedures for removing periodic eompooents for the data. The application of the MRIT method to test rotating machinery while in operation is illustrated. The data processing technique used to minimize the effects due to periodic excitation sources is demonstrated.


[Objectives]To report the experience of preoperative and postoperative nursing of Ebstein's anomaly in adult patients.[Methods]8 patients with Ebstein's anomaly were given correction surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass under general anesthesia. Before operation, a sufficient preparation in patients was performed, in order to make their mental and physical condition achieve the best state. Main points of postoperative nursing included the following: ①To enhance respiratory management, maintain good function of respiratory. ②To take active measures, prevent and treat the arrhythmia. ③To maintain right ventricular function, prevent low cardiac output syndrome. ④To observe urine output, maintain function of renal.[Results]The frequent ventricular premature beat occurred in 2 patients after operation, and the heart rate returned to normal after intravenous administration of lidocaine. No postoperative complication occurred among the other patients. All patients were cured and discharged.[Conclusion]Because the deformity degree of valve leaflets in adult patients with Ebstein's anomaly is more serious than that in children generally, the correction surgery has the characteristics of great difficulty and high risk. The sufficient preoperative and postoperative nursing can improve the success rate of operation.


Objective To identify the heterogeneity of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as well as their association with cognitive function in an elderly Chinese population. Design A retrospective cohort study. Participants The data were from the latest wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and a total of 7222 participants aged ≥60 were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures Latent class analysis was used to identify the classes characterised by 11 types of ACEs. Cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and cognitive impairment was defined by education-specific threshold MMSE scores. Logistic models were constructed to examine the relationship between ACE classes and cognitive impairment. Several childhood and adulthood confounding factors were considered. Results Three ACE latent classes were identified. Of them, 76.09% were in the 'Low ACEs' class, 15.43% were in the 'Household dysfunction' class and 8.49% were in the 'Child maltreatment' class. The people in the 'Low ACEs' class seemed to have better childhood family financial situations and higher education levels. The population in the 'Household dysfunction' class tended to live in rural areas and have a higher proportion of men, whereas people in the 'Child maltreatment' class showed a significantly higher proportion of women and higher levels of chronic diseases. 'Child maltreatment' was related to a higher risk of cognitive impairment (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.68), while the risk of 'Household dysfunction' was not significantly different from that of the 'Low ACEs' participants (OR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.26). Conclusions The findings supported differences in cognitive function in elderly Chinese people exposed to different types of ACEs.


The purpose of this study was to construct a hypothetical model based on the life satisfaction of multicultural youths and ecological system theory. In this study, the data of 1,197 high school students who participated in the 8th year of the Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (2018) conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Institute were used for the final analysis. The measurement variables consisted of bi-cultural acceptance attitude, achievement motivation, and family support as exogenous variables, self-esteem and school adaptation as endogenous variables, and life satisfaction as outcome variables. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 and Amos 21.0 programs. The hypothetical model calculated chi verification, basic fit index, adjusted fit index, double root of approximate error mean square, comparative fit index, standard fit index, and average difference between elements, and the model was found to be suitable. Factors that directly affect life satisfaction of multicultural adolescents were self-esteem, family support, and school adaptation, In addition, self-esteem and school adaptation were found to be important mediating factors between bi-cultural acceptance attitude, achievement motivation, and family support. Therefore various programs should be prepared to improve the life satisfaction of multicultural youths.


Objective:To investigate the Levels of elastase and α_1-antitrypsin in induced sputum in patients with moderate-severe asthma and the relationship to the number of inflammation cells,interleukin-8(IL-8) and FEV1 values(%predicted).Method:12 patients with moderate-severe asthma during chronic persistence,12 patients with stable moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and 10 normal control subjects were included in this study. Lung function was measured. Induced sputum was obtained and processed for cell differential and the supernatant was assayed for the concentrations of IL-8 and elastase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activity of α_1-antitrypsin was also measured by Dietz method.Result:The levels of elastase and α_1-antitrypsin in induced sputum in patients with asthma(respectively,108.79±26.54 ng/mL, 8.9±2.5×10~ -2 u/mL) and COPD (respectively,153.84±33.37 ng/mL ,11.9±3.1×10~ -2 u/mL )were significantly higher than those in normal control subjects (respectively,25.36±5.62 ng/mL ,0.8±0.6×10~ -2 u/ml ,F=3.52,3.24,all P0.05)).Both of the levels of elastase in induced sputum in patients with asthma and COPD correlated positively with the percentage of neutrophil(respectively, r=0.58、r=0.63,P0.05)and the level of IL-8(respectively, r=0.60,r=0.65,P0.05),but correlated inversely with FEV1%( respectively, r=-0.55、r=-0.71,P0.05). The ratio between elastase and α_1-antitrypsin in induced sputum in patients with asthma and COPD(respectively, 12.9±8.5,13.54±7.5) were significantly lower than that in normal control subjects(32.8±8.6, F=3.14,P0.05),and correlated positively with FEV1% (respectively, r=0.63,r=0.52,P0.05).Conclusion:There is an imbalance between elastase and α_1-antitrypsin in induced sputum in patients with moderate-severe asthma.Increased levels of elastase in induced sputum in patients with severe middle-severe asthma are associated with airway inflammation and airflow limitation, which is similar with COPD and may play a role in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling. IL-8 participate in the process of the airway inflamation and airflow limitation in patients with moderate-severe asthma.


In this thesis we aim to represent an event in a video using semantic features. We start from a bank of concept detectors for representing events in video. At first we considered the relevance of concepts to the event inside the video representation. We address the problem of video event classification using a bank of concept detectors. Different from existing work, which simply relies on a bank containing all available detectors, we propose an algorithm that learns from examples what concepts in bank are most informative per event. Secondly , we concentrated on the accuracy of concept detectors. Different from existing works, which obtain a semantic representation by training concepts over entire video clips, we propose an algorithm that learns a set of relevant frames as the concept prototypes from web video examples, without the need for frame-level annotations, and use them for representing an event video. Thirdly, we consider the problem of searching video events with concepts. We aim at querying web videos for events using only a handful of video query examples, where the standard approach learns a ranker from hundreds of examples. We consider a semantic representation, consisting of off-the-shelf concept detectors, to capture the variance in semantic appearance of events. Finally, we consider the problem of video event search without semantic concepts. The prevailing solutions in literature rely on a semantic video representation obtained from thousands of pre-trained concept detectors. Different from them, we propose a new semantic video representation that is based on freely available social tagged videos only, without the need for training any intermediate concept detectors.


Effective antitumor CD8 T cell responses may be activated by directly targeting the innate immune system within tumors. We investigated this response by injecting a range of TLR agonists into established tumors using a mouse model of malignant mesothelioma stably transduced with the hemagglutinin (HA) gene as a marker Ag (AB1-HA). Persistent delivery of the dsRNA mimetic poly(I:C) into established AB1-HA tumors resulted in complete tumor resolution in 40% of mice, with the remaining mice also showing a significant delay in tumor progression. Experiments in athymic nude mice along with CD8 depletion and IFN- (cid:1)(cid:2) blocking studies revealed that tumor resolution required both CD8 T cells and type I IFN induction, and was associated with local changes in MHC class I expression. Surprisingly, however, tumor resolution was not associated with systemic dissemination or tumor infiltration of effector CD8 T cells. Instead, the antitumor response was critically dependent on the reactivation of tumor-resident CD8 T cell responses. These studies suggest that, once reactivated, pre-existing local CD8 T cell responses are sufficient to resolve established tumors and that in situ type I IFN is a determining factor. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 1535–1544.


The determination of reasonable injection-production well spacing play a key role in low permeability(especially the ultra-low permeability) reservoir efficient development.Based on the analysis of economical limit well spacing and technical limit well spacing,summarized the method of low permeability reasonable well spacing determination,and put forward the thinking of reasonable well spacing determination.When technical limit well spacing larger than economical limit well spacing,we can determinate the reasonable well spacing according to the economical limit well spacing with calculating the net present value after a certain period of years in general.When economical limit well spacing larger than technical limit well spacing,we can determinate the reasonable well spacing with considering integrated fracturing.In addition,responding time of oil well also can be used as the basis for determining reasonable well spacing which calculated by gradually steady-state substitution.


The present invention relates to a container, a navigation data recording module, and a navigation data recording apparatus. The data recording module of the invention can be cooled at a certain temperature without difference. The data recording module (12) is provided with a containing part (45), a cooling bag (44) and a heat insulating part (41). The cooling bag (44) is arranged on an external side of the containing part (45), starts to cool through pressure increase caused by water vaporization, and cool through a decalescence action of the water vaporization. The heat insulating part (41) is arranged on an external side of the cooling bag (44).


The purpose of this study is to investigate preliminary teachers' perceptions regarding integrated education for students with disabilities. The results of this study suggest that the contents of integrated education and systematic guidance should be provided to college students with teacher qualifications in progress. The subjects of the study were 266 college students who were taking teaching courses at J-do W-University. The questionnaire was structured according to gender, grade, department, special education, and experience in teaching special education. The results are as follows. First, the perception of integrated education between college students planning on entering the teaching profession showed differences according to gender and department. In the recognition of integrated education, college students showed differences according to special education and special education instruction experience. This suggests that the integrated education curriculum needs to be reviewed along with the special education curriculum. Based on these results, I suggested a teaching plan for college students in order to foster better recognition of integrated education. Received(October 9, 2018), Review Result(October 26, 2018) Accepted(November 9, 2018), Published(December 31, 2018) (Associate professor) 55338 Dept. of Physical Education, Woosuk Univ., 443 Samnye-ro, Samnye-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea email : email@example.com A Study on the Recognition of Integrated Education for Students with Disabilities by College Students who are Taking Teacher Qualification Courses Copyright c 2018 HSST 258


The range of variability components, heritability and expected genetic improvement in 24 early maturing test genotypes as examined in 1992 to 1995, showed dominance of genotype in all the nine characters encountered here. However, the interactions were non significant for all traits except stalk height. Stalk yield and its components, viz., individual stalk weight, number of internodes and number of millable canes/ha had high to medium genetic variability and heritability. These traits were highly amenable to selection procedures and also offered better scope for improvement through selection. Quality characters like sucrose percent and CCS percent offered less variability, intermediate heritability and low genetic gain, showed difficulty in introducing improvement in these characters.