Student Ratings of Teaching (SRT) are widely employed to evaluate teaching for both formative and summative purposes. The appropriateness of items on these forms is one factor among many determining the utility and validity of SRT. Another is whether stakeholders are sufficiently knowledgeable to interpret the resulting data. Evidence gathered from 30 faculty developers suggests that professional development efforts to help decision-makers understand the limitations of SRT data are extremely uncommon. This article presents six research-based guidelines for using SRT data and explores ways that faculty developers can help institutions provide this information to decision-makers and encourage them to incorporate these guidelines into their evaluation practices. Because teaching is a complex human endeavor, no single measure can accurately evaluate it. Employing a single measure to evaluate an instructor is analogous to appraising a baseball pitcher by using just one o/the statistics: earned run average, win-loss record, walks and hits per inning pitched, opposing team's batting average, or number of saves. The research literature has long called upon institutions of higher education to use multiple measures when evaluating teaching (Arreola, 2007; Cashin, 1995, 1999; Centra, 1993; Knapper & Cranton, 2001). In practice, Student Ratings of Teaching (SRT) are the most commonly used measure (Seldin, 1999) and, typically, the primary measure (Loeher, 2006). Even worse, "many institutions reduce their assessment of the complex task of teaching to data from one or two questions" (Fink, 2008, p. 4). Getting valid and reliable data about teaching from SRT depends on a number of factors. The forms must be properly constructed and administered. The ratings data summaries must also include essential information such as response rates, averages and measures of dispersion, and appropriate benchmarks, if possible (Franklin, 2001). It is also crucial to ensure that individuals making personnel decisions, especially for retention, tenure, and promotion, understand what conclusions can be reliably and validly drawn from SRT data and what conditions are necessary to do so. Unfortunately, as this article will show, it appears that many faculty, department chairs and deans receive little in the way of assistance to understand the limitations of SRT data despite documented concerns about the qualification of the users of this data (Franklin & Theall, 1989, 1990). Background Concern about best practice in interpreting and using SRT data arose during a successful two-year revision process (2007-2009) of an SRT form at a medium-sized comprehensive university. The initial goals of the revision were to: 1. Produce a pedagogically neutral form 2. Capture important dimensions of teaching (Feldman, 2007) that students are capable of assessing 3. Have all items meet criteria for survey construction (Berk, 2006). A few words may be in order regarding the somewhat unusual first goal. The "old" form was perceived by many faculty on campus as a hindrance to pedagogical innovation because it contained several items worded in such a way as to privilege the lecture method. For example, The professor's presentations facilitated learning of the course content. These items were seen as disadvantaging faculty employing seminar-type discussion, cooperative learning in small groups, service learning, or performance-oriented approaches in the arts. As McKeachie (1997) noted: "Most student rating forms . . . focus almost completely on conventional classroom teaching" (p. 1220). Through a review of the literature the faculty on the committee charged with revising the SRT form became aware that they themselves were not fully knowledgeable about the limitations of SRT data. One former department chair on the committee confessed her inclination to give more weight to written comments than to the numerical data. …


On two locations (Borovce, Slovak Republic and Karnobat, Republic of Bulgaria) 21 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) were grown for two consecutive years (2017, 2018). Selected malting qualitative parameters were analysed in mature grains; the content of total starch, crude proteins, and β-D-glucan. The aim of the work was to analyse agroecological conditions affecting the content of selected quality parameters in the barley grain and to evaluate, select and exchange barley genotypes created with an added value in order to obtain suitable biological material usable in the changing environmental conditions of a country. The content of total starch in analysed samples was in the range 53.62% and 63.30%, crude proteins were between 11.50% and 15.46% and β-D-glucan was from 3.26% to 5.87%. Year, locality, genotype, and their interactions were factors affecting the content of all analysed parameters in the barley grain, however the content of proteins and β-D-glucan was relatively stable. In Slovak barley genotypes, higher levels of starch and lower levels of proteins and β-D-glucan were observed compared to Bulgarian genotypes. Higher amounts of starch were detected in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. In warmer conditions of the Republic of Bulgaria, higher amounts of proteins and β-D-glucan were observed. Statistically significant correlations (P≤0.05) were observed between total starch and crude proteins (r=-0.59) and between total starch and β-D-glucan (r=-0.40). The correlation between the content of proteins and β-D-glucan was positive (r=0.05), but in present experiment not statistically significant.


Z ' This paper explores priority arbitration schemes that employ busses to arbitrate among n modules in a digital system. We focus on distributed mechanisms that employ m busses, for Ig n,< m -'n, and use asynchronous combinational arbitrationlogic. A widely used distributed asynchronous mechanism is the binary arbitrationL scheme, which with m = lg n busses arbitrates in t = Ig n units of time. We present a new asynchronous scheme binomial arbitration that by using m = Ig n + 1 busses reduces the arbitration time to t = ig n. Extending this result, we present the generalized binomial arbitration scheme that achieves a bus-time tradeoff of the /form m = Q(tn/1*) between the number of arbitration busses m and the arbitration time t (in uits of bus-settling delay), for values of 1 < t <'lg n and lg n _ m < n. Our schemes are based on a novel analysis of data-dependent delays and generalize -41 the two known schemes: linear arbitration, which with m = n busses achieves t = 1 time, and binary arbitration, which with m = Ig n busses achieves t = Ig n time. Most importantly, our schemes can be adopted with no changes to existing hardware and protocols; they merely involve selecting a good set of priority arbitration codewords.


The problems of dynamics of extended bodies in metric theories of gravity are reviewed. In a first approach towards the relativistic description of the Earth 's rotational motion the post Newtonian treatment of the free precession of a pseudo rigid and axially symmetric model Earth is presented. Definitions of angular momentum, pseudo rigidity, the corotating frame, tensor of inertia and axial symmetry of the rotating body are based upon the choice of the standard post Newtonian (PN) coordinates and the full PN energy momentum complex. In this framework, the relation between angular momentum and angular (coordinate) velocity is obtained. Since the PN Euler equations for the angular velocity here formally take their usual Newtonian form it is concluded that apart from PN modifications (renormalizations) of the inertia tensor, the rotational motion of our pseudo rigid and axially symmetric model Earth essentially is "Newtonian".


The purpose - to reveal the features of autonomic effects on HR in 3 years old children by spectral and temporal characteristics of the electrocardiogram.


At the same time that NCLB has given states a mandate to staff their classrooms with "highly qualified teachers," the federal government is pushing a dangerously narrow definition of the knowledge and skills that today's teachers need. OVER THE last decade, policy makers and business leaders have come to realize what parents have always known - teachers make the most difference in student achievement. Thanks to new statistical and analytical methods used by a wide range of researchers, the evidence is mounting that teacher quality accounts for the lion's share of variance in student test scores.1 However, while consensus is growing among school reformers that teachers are the most important school-related determinant of student achievement, there is not much more than ephemeral agreement on what we mean by "teaching quality" or what steps we must take to see that every student has access to high-quality teachers.2 Much has been written about the ideological divide between those who view teaching as highly complex work, requiring professionals with formal, specialized preparation, and those who view it as routine work that most reasonably smart people could do (and would do more readily if "misguided" government or professional regulations did not limit entry into the field).3 The former view is well represented in the research of Linda Darling-Hammond of Stanford University and the oft- cited reports of the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future (NCTAF). NCTAF's reform framework emphasizes teacher education, state licensing, professional accountability, and compensation as the primary means to strengthen teacher quality. These positions are based on evidence that good teachers must have a host of subject-matter and technical knowledge, including the knowledge and skills needed to help every member of an increasingly diverse student population reach much higher academic standards.4 The latter view is best reflected in the statements by Chester Finn and the reports from the Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, which recommend a number of market-based initiatives designed to countermand traditional teacher education practices. For example, the foundation advocates for policies designed to loosen, if not eliminate, existing requirements for those entering the field of education. In their place, Finn would institute short-cut alternative certification programs that he and his followers believe will improve the quality and quantity of the teacher supply.5 The foundation's positions are based on a number of studies that link teachers' scores on aptitude and subject-matter tests to student achievement scores, as well as on the assumption that the teaching profession has - and will continue to have - a very weak knowledge base. The foundation's perspective is that new teachers can easily learn on the job anything they need to know about how to teach. With the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, more popularly known as the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, what was once a largely academic debate has now become a national controversy with long-term consequences for the public school systems of every state. NCLB's mandate that every teacher of a core academic subject be "highly qualified" by the end of the 2005-06 school year poses unprecedented challenges for state education policy leaders and for practitioners. In the hands of highly capable leaders, this mandate also offers unprecedented opportunities to reshape teacher preparation in ways that will finally produce the gains in student achievement that reformers have long sought. NCLB's "highly qualified teacher" provisions are now familiar to most education watchers. The law states that highly qualified teachers must "hold at least a bachelor's degree from a four-year institution; hold full state certification; and demonstrate competence in their subject area." In addition, the law requires state departments of education to publicly report what they are doing to improve teacher quality along with how their efforts are progressing, including identifying the distribution of "highly qualified" teachers across low- and high- poverty schools. …


When I was a child, I'd stuff my pockets full of finds from the natural world—stones, acorns, seeds, shells. My mom grew tired of picking bits of these objects out of the laundry and created a "wonder bowl" for me to empty my collection into before dropping my shorts into the hamper. We'd look through the bowl and marvel at the mirror-like surface of mica, the fine strands of silk from a cocoon, or the tiny boat shape of a slipper shell. We'd head to the library, or to the Smithsonian, when I'd pick up something we could not identify This wooden bowl, labeled "Liz's Wonder Bowl" in large magic marker, has come to symbolize for me the natural connections between children, museums and the outdoors. Today kids are generally spending less time outdoors than their parents did when they were young (Clements, 2004). The reasons


Cu2Se exhibits a high figure‐of‐merit (ZT) >1 due to the scattering of phonons by mobile Cu+ ions, but migration of the Cu+ ions leads to chemical instability at high temperature. It is demonstrated that the incorporation of W in the Cu2Se matrix results in peak ZT of 2.1 (ZTavg = 0.93) at 878 K. After the first thermal cycle, the peak ZT of the composite decreases to stable value of ≈1.5 (ZTavg = 0.97). The enhanced stability of the nanocomposite along with high ZTavg is attributed to the covering of Cu2Se grain boundaries with W that inhibits Cu+ migration, reduces Se loss, and improves charge carrier mobility.


The invention provides an overall cooling charging device for an electrical vehicle. The overall cooling charging device comprises a power supply side connector (100) and a vehicle side connector (200), and the power supply side connector (100) is connected with a charging cable (300) and comprises a first box (101) which comprises a magnetic coupling convex part (111), a first iron core vertical plate side cooling part (110) and a first coupling end face (112); the vehicle side connector comprises a second box (201) which comprises a magnetic coupling concave part (211), a circumferential cooling part (209), a second iron core vertical plate side cooling part (210) and a second coupling end face (212); the charging cable (300) comprises a cable core (302) and a cable cooling water channel (301) surrounding the periphery of the cable core; water entry of the cable cooling water channel (301) is communicated with that of the first iron core vertical plate side cooling part (110); the power supply side connector (100) is suitable for forming end face coupling while forming electromagnetic coupling with the vehicle side connector. The overall cooling charging device communicates the cable, the power supply side connector and the vehicle side connector into the overall cooling channel, and control over working temperature of the charging device is greatly enhanced.


In order to increase the control precision of hydraulic system,numeral control hydraulic servo system was adopted instead of traditional electro-hydraulic servo control system.By using PLC to control stepping motor,the rapidity and reliability of numeral control hydraulic system was realized,the cost was reduced.


Although various fracture mechanisms have been proposed for Al/SiC metal matrix composites(MMCs), no universal fracture mechanism has been observed experimentally. The fracture mechanism in an X8019 Al/SiC particulate MMC was studied using a scanning electron microscope. Six Clausing specimens were deformed to various strain levels across the range of 7% which was the average fracture strain determined from the baseline mechanical behavior established for this MMC. These specimens were then sectioned and prepared appropriately for observation under the SEM to determine the microscopic fracture mechanisms. Observations show that the failure mode in this X8019 Al/SiC particulate MMC is by the nucleation of voids by either fracture or decohesion from the matrix of FeAl3 particles followed by coalescence of these voids to form microcracks. Void nucleation also takes place simultaneously at the SiC particle-matrix interface and debilitates this region. The microcracks formed in the matrix grow with further deformation and propagate along the contours of the weakened interface of the larger SiC reinforcement particles. Fracture of the SiC Vol. 8 No. 1, 1997 An SEM Study of the Fracture Mechanism in a X8019 AL/20 Vol. % SICp Metal Matrix Composite particles was not observed and hence does not contribute to the overall fracture mechanism.


In a recent article, Lou-Magnuson and Onnis (2018) focus attention on the fact that `languages with smaller and more isolated speaker populations tend to make much greater use of morphology' (p. \X2791\X). That languages pattern in this way is intriguing. For purposes of communication, syntax and morphology are equally effective; so it is not obvious why smaller speaker populations should exhibit this tendency. The authors claim to offer the `first causal explanation' (p. \X2792\X) for the effect, which is termed `morphology bias' below. Their explanation takes the form of an agent-based simulation in which a process considered important for grammaticalization---reanalysis---is seen to increase an integer reflecting emergence of morphological structure. Testing of this model is said to reveal that `[s]mall populations with dense connections are able to support sustained reanalysis'. The conclusion then drawn is that that this causes `... the average level of morphological composition to be higher' (p. \X2814\X).


For stealth aircrafts and tanks,the discontinuous characters such as gaps are important for RCS(Radar Cross Section) reduction and control.Basing on CFIE(Combined Field Integral Equation),a program using MLFMA(Multilevel Fast Multi-pole Algorithm) is developed.The bistatic RCS of metal sphere by Mie series solution and the experimental curves of a multi-gap plate are compared with computational curves to validate the correctness of this program which shows that the program can be used in investigating the scattering from discontinuous characters in aircraft surface.The relation of single-gap,three-gap and incoming frequency is researched by MLFMA.When the incoming frequency is greater,numerical results show that the electromagnetic scattering enhances and the RCS arithmetic average increases for single-gap and multi-gap;when the incoming angle is small,the average value increases fast,for single-gap plate,the curves are similar for different frequencies and the second crest of curve moves far away from the major crest,scattering from multi-gap has coupling performance and the curves change sharply beside the characteristic of single-gap plate.The coupling performance is gained by the superposition of different phases of three single-gaps,when frequency increases,the position of scattering superposition changes,at the same time,the effects of couple and surge will be obvious.This conclusion can find its application in the design of reducing the RCS of scattering from the gaps in aircraft surface and thus improve the stealth performance of aircraft.


Purpose – This study is designed to extend knowledge of cognitive processing of advertising messages by urban children in India.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 250 children aged between 7 and 12 years, drawn in the sample from five major towns of the relatively affluent western state of Gujarat (India) by using the cluster sampling approach. A simple questionnaire using three point rating scale was administered with the help of moderators. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software.Findings – It was found that children's ability to decode and process advertising messages and to understand their intents is influenced not only by their cognitive abilities at different age strata but also by their social and personal environments. Social norms related to acceptability and appropriateness of gender behavior also influence the processing of ad messages by the children of both sexes. Other elements like likeability of the model, character or endorser, story line, slogan and the music will...


The Subaru Adaptive Optics instrument development requires reliable software that can be quickly modified to facilitate testing and changing demands. A software tool kit was created to allow rapid inclusion of diverse hardware, to isolate specific hardware, to allow expert users to write programs that interface hardware, and to allow multiple access points for control and status. The flexibility of this system allows the software to not only control the Subaru Adaptive Optics Instrument, but also a wide variety of instruments. Also, once a low level interface is written for the hardware, the hardware controls can be combined into any configuration without any programming. This analysis explains the overall software architecture of the system, the methods used to promote hardware testing, the process for adding hardware, and the flexibility inherent in the software's architecture.


The invention more optionally hydrogenated 1 species carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, at least one epoxy, amine, isocyanate, or any other capable of forming a derivative of a carboxyl functional group, and one organic or more having at least one silane functional silane compound, and the first polymer composition and at least one containing at least one filler, epoxy, amine, isocyanate, or any other capable of forming a derivative of a carboxyl functional group, and one organic or more having at least one silane adding the functional silane compound, and to a method of curing the subsequent induction hardening of the compositions containing the at least one carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, optionally hydrogenated. The organic functional silane compound, a crosslinking agent, a curing agent, a carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, a filler


This paper describes a new and simple random walk mobility model that simplifies the two-dimensional Markov chain based on the properties of symmetry and lumped process. Compared to various other approaches, the proposed approach significantly reduces the complexity of the model by reducing the computing states. Based on this model, the location update rate and dwell time can be easily derived. The regular Markov chain and the property of combining states are applied to derive the number of location updates and a modified absorbing Markov chain property can be used to derive the dwell time. Analytical performance results of the model were validated by simulation. Results show the relative error between analytical and simulation performances are within 1%. This is the first model of its kind that can be used for studying area-crossing rates. This model can be adapted to most mobility management studies for architectures.


Objective To investigate management of AIDS screening laboratories in Meizhou city,to enhance the ability to construct AIDS screening laboratories and raise detection level.Methods 28 AIDS screening laboratories in Meizhou city were inspected.The AIDS laboratory network assessment standards were used for the inspection including organization and staff,facilities,biological safety,laboratory testing,laboratory quality management,and reports on network laboratory information.Results All the screening laboratories were basically consistent with the criteria on the class Ⅱ biological safety laboratory (BLS-2).The staff all met regulatory requirements.The labs were equipped with commonly used equipment to met the testing needs.Most laboratories established a laboratory safety system and standard operation program (SOP) and constantly strengthened quality management.The main problem was potential dangers of the lab wastes including waste discharge without being disinfected in 8 (28.57%) labs and no quality control in 7 (25.00%).Conclusions Biological safety and quality management need to be further enhanced to ensure quality and biological safety of AIDS detection.

Key words:
AIDS; Screening; Laboratory; Management


the Sydenham Society, and with equal care and taste. The type, too, is of smaller size than in the former volumes, but is clear and legible. Although somewhat prejudiced in favour of handsome types and wide margins, we regard the change altogether as an improvement which we have no doubt will give satisfaction to the Fellows. Our business, however, is with matters of more importance, the contents, which we shall, as usual, examine in detail. But we mu?t first notice the remarkable difference which exists in the quality of the Plates. The five by Basire, illustrative of Mr. Toynbee's Paper on the human kidney, are of great beauty, and superior to any we can recollect to have seen in former numbers of the Transactions. The first plate, also, by Bagg, is executed with the wellknown skill of this artist, and will be admired for the distinct definition which the figures give of the objects they are intended to represent. These excellent plates put us quite out of conceit with the lithographic illustrations, which are indifferent specimens of the art, and inferior to those by Perry in former volumes. The Council, however, has been liberal in the supply of plates, which amount to eleven in number, and some of them are of large size, and contain numerous figures. The first paper excited a good deal of interest when the views of the author were announced to


Community Service aims to provide understanding and the importance of collaborating in entrepreneurship in Lumban Pea Timur Village, Toba Regency. In this case, the method used is the lecture, discussion, and question and answer method. Through this, there are many ways that can be done to collaborate in developing a business or entrepreneur. In this meeting, it is known what business is being carried out, what business will be carried out and what problems are faced in developing an entrepreneur. In the end, it was discovered that the most pressing problem in recent times is business capital and the need for regional regulation to support and protect businesses.


The study aimed to know the perception of users of the mental health service about assistance in the Family Health Strategy Units. This was a research with a qualitative approach, with an exploratory character, through the application of individual semi-structured interviews to users of the Psychosocial Care Center in Ilhéus / Bahia. The analysis was based on the emergence of recurring information that was coded into categories. Then, a theoretical framework was sought to cover these categories, relating to what was raised. It was found in the speeches: a deficiency in the formation of bonds between users and teams of the Family Health Strategy; that their clinical demands are mostly met with difficulties, and; unpreparedness of the teams when it comes to mental health needs, requiring referral and even refusal of care. Given the above, it is evident the importance of conducting more in-depth studies on the subject and expanding knowledge about mental health in Primary Care, as well as the knowledge of users with mental disorders, about their rights as citizens to enjoy the services of Family Health Strategy and to participate in your own treatment.


Recent developments within the so-called Principles and Parameters model of acquisition argue for a clear-cut separation of Universal Grammar (UG) principles from parametric options and locate all parameters within functional categories (Borer, 1984; Lebeaux, 1988; Chomsky, 1991). This has led Tsimpli and Roussou (1991) to propose that adult L2 (second language) learners have access to UG principles but do not reset the parameters of the L2, which amounts to saying that null subjects in the adult Spanish L2 may or may not have the same status as native Spanish null subjects, depending on the speakers' L1 (first language) and the UG principles at stake. In the case of L1 acquisition, Rizzi (1994) and Hyams (1994) provide a competence account of null subjects in early child English which relate them to adult English Diary Drop and German-style topic-drop rather than to Spanish-style pro-drop. They specifically argue that these missing subjects are restricted to the first position of non-wh root clauses and that fixing the null subject parameter will consist of incorporating the ROOT=CP principle into this grammar. In this paper, we analyse the Spanish L2 oral spontaneous data produced by adult L1 speakers of pro-drop and topic-drop languages in an attempt to provide a competence account of null subjects in adult nonnative Spanish. Our data show that, unlike early English grammars,all the Spanish non-native grammars contain null subjects both in matrix and subordinate clauses, and that this is the case at the early and advanced stages. It also shows that many non-native pronominal subjects do not have the same value as native Spanish subjects and that subject pronouns are used for identification purposes. It is suggested that these data provide evidence for a model of L2 acquisition where adult non-native grammar construction resorts to a default licensing procedure which allows null pronouns provided they can be identified.


Abstract : The final report summarizes the research completed over a ten-year period on variables in several countries associated with persuasion and attitude change. Among the factors investigated were generalization effects, order effects, argument organization, media effects, personal involvement, source credibility, and personality variables. Six different countries participated in the project and subjects were drawn mainly from populations of college and university students. The data indicate some qualifications in generalizing from American data to other cultures. (Author)


Targeting power constrained surveillance and counter-surveillance for a given sensor network, this work first design a power efficient surveillance system by sensor nodes coordination and cooperation, and then solve the power constrained sensor node covering and scheduling (PCSCS) problem by generalized maximal network flow. The counter-surveillance problem is formulated as a hide and seek game, which can be solved efficiently and optimally by game theory. The simulation results show that our surveillance scheduling algorithm is adapted to a large range of different G values and C node velocities. The typical event detection rate is over 50% given G=10. Compared to random scheduling approach of counter-surveillance system, our proposed algorithm achieves up to 30% increase of non-detected travelling distance.


A design procedure is presented for observer-estimators which extends the results of Leondes and Novak for minimal-order observers (observer order l = n — m for an n-dimensional plant with m-dimensional measurement vector) to observers of intermediate order (n — m<l<n). The observer design is 0based on single-stage minimization of the weighted-moan-squaro estimation error. The resulting observer-estimator is equivalent to the Kalman filter for l = n, and identical to the observer of Leondes and Novak for l = n — m. It can be vised as a sub-optimal filter, or as a reduced-order optimal filter when the measurement noise is degenerate,


The existence, uniqueness, globally exponential stability and speed of exponential convergence for a class of cellular neural networks are investigated. The existence of a unique equilibrium is proved under very concise conditions, and theorems for estimating the global convergence speed approaching the equilibrium and criteria for its globally exponential stability are derived, Considering synapse time delay, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functional, the existence of a unique equilibrium and its global stability for the delayed network are also proved. The results, which do not require the cloning template to be symmetric, are easy to use in network design.


In 1955, E. Wigner introduced asymptotic behavior of eigenvalues of random matrices, Characteristic vectors of bordered matrices with infinite dimensions. His motivation lies in nuclear physics: the statistics of experimentally measured atomic energy levels can be explained by the limiting spectrum of random matrices. That is, he studied the distribution of eigenvalues of random matrices as the matrix dimension tends to infinity.


Students' interaction with the teacher is essential to scaffold students' knowledge and cognition. However, in an online learning program, such interaction was minimum, making the learning process becomes more challenging. This study explored the students and teacher' s interaction in four discussion forums in writing classes conducted online. Deploying the Community of Inquiry framework, this study aimed to find out the aspects of teaching presence appear in the forum, to examine the phases of cognitive presence that students engaged in the online discussion forums, and to determine which aspects of teaching presence that trigger the cognitive presence. Results indicated that (i) all of the teaching presence aspects were found in the overall discussion forums, (ii) three phases of cognitive presence (triggering event, exploration, and integration) were found in the overall discussion forums, and (iii) direct instruction was found to be the main trigger of teaching presence that promote the phases of cognitive presence to the exploration and integration phases.


Strength of following reactions of 60 naive chicks to 6 imprinting objects varying in shape and color was observed. Color and interaction of object were not significant variables, whereas shape had a significant effect on following time. A duck-shaped object was found to be the strongest elicitor of following.


The purpose of this article is to analyze the current state of economic relations between Greece and FYROM. It focuses on the evaluation of the political and economic interdependence between the two countries in quantitative and qualitative terms. It offers an assessment of the possible costs in the event of a deterioration of these relations should the ongoing negotiation process about the name of FYROM fail.


Purpose

This paper aims to present a procedure to change the orientation of a grasped object using dexterous manipulation. The manipulation is controlled by teleoperation in a very simple way, with the commands introduced by an operator using a keyboard.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper shows a teleoperation scheme, hand kinematics and a manipulation strategy to manipulate different objects using the Schunk Dexterous Hand (SDH2). A state machine is used to model the teleoperation actions and the system states. A virtual link is used to include the contact point on the hand kinematics of the SDH2.

Findings

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed approach with different objects, varying the initial grasp configuration and the sequence of actions commanded by the operator.

Originality/value

The proposed approach uses a shared telemanipulation schema to perform dexterous manipulation; in this schema, the operator sends high-level commands and a local system uses this information, jointly with tactile measurements and the current status of the system, to generate proper setpoints for the low-level control of the fingers, which may be a commercial close one. The main contribution of this work is the mentioned local system, simple enough for practical applications and robust enough to avoid object falls.


[1] We present results of full-waveform tomographic inversions of four profiles acquired over young intermediate- and fast spreading rate oceanic crust. The mean velocity-depth functions from our study include a 0.25–0.30 km-thick low-velocity, low-gradient region beneath the seafloor overlying a 0.24–0.28-km-thick high-gradient region; together these regions compose seismic layer 2A. Mean layer 2A interval velocities are 3.0–3.2 km/s. The mean depth to the layer 2A/2B boundary is 0.49–0.54 km, and mean velocities within the upper 0.25 km of layer 2B are 4.7–4.9 km/s. Previous velocity analyses of the study areas using 1-D ray tracing underestimate the thickness of the high-gradient region at the base of layer 2A. We observe differences in the waveform inversion velocity models that correspond to imaging of the layer 2A event; regions with a layer 2A event have higher velocity gradients at the base of layer 2A. Intermittent high velocities, which we interpret as massive flows, are observed in the waveform inversion velocity models at 0.05–0.10 km below the seafloor (bsf) over 10–25% of the intermediate-spreading profiles and 20–45% of the fast spreading profiles. The high-gradient region located 0.25–0.54 km bsf at the base of layer 2A may be associated with an increased prevalence of massive flows, the first appearance of dikes (lava-dike transition zone), or with increased crack sealing by hydrothermal products. The upper portion of layer 2B, which begins at 0.49–0.54 km bsf, may correspond to sheeted dikes or the top of the transition zone of lavas and dikes.


An unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) strategy is applied to the problem of wake-induced transition at high freestream turbulence on the suction side of two blades representative of those used in low-pressure turbines. Experimentally, the blades are arranged in high-aspect-ratio linear cascades, with upstream circular bars generating passing wakes, and two-dimensional flow conditions are, thus, assumed. The strategy combines an explicit algebraic Reynolds-stress turbulence model with transition-specific modifications targeted at capturing the effects of high freestream turbulence and of pretransitional laminar fluctuations. Close attention is paid to numerical accuracy, and grids of up to 140,000 cells are used in combination with 800 time steps per pitchwise traverse to resolve small-scale features in the blade boundary layers that are associated with the unsteady interaction. The computational results demonstrate that the combined model returns a good representation of the response of the suction-side boundary layer to the passing wakes in both blades. Specifically, in the boundary layer of one of the two blades, the wakes are observed to cause a periodic upstream shift in the transition onset and, thus, correspondingly periodic attachment and calming. In the other, no separation occurs, and the wakes are shown to produce a significant periodic reduction in shape factor and increase in skin friction in the blade boundary layer, again as a consequence of the upstream shift in the transition location.


In this study participants involvement of party event can play moderating effects about satisfaction of party event service quality, and how to effect on behavior intention by satisfaction. Between party event involvement and satisfaction with service quality will serve as a hypothesis testing moderating effects. This study`s result confirms that participants evaluates each of service quality factor differently by involvement, only variables service quality adjustment of the system services interact found to be effective. Party event of participant satisfaction on the impact of the behavior intention have significant effects on re-attended intention even of recommendations and positive word of mouth. This study recognizes each relativity of the service quality of party event, the participants satisfaction, the participants involvement and the participants behavioral intentions, it can present as a data for management of the service quality of party event to corporate.


monolithic detector (12) using a gate (44) to stop x-rays (18) from regions between pixels judged to be the source of electrical noise in pixel signals.


In this paper, an enzymatic potentiometric biosensor based on Nafion-modified amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film has been developed for the measurement of uric acid (UA). Sensing characteristics, including sensitivity, linearity, response time, etc., are measured by a voltage-time measurement system. The a-IGZO UA biosensor proposed in this study has a high sensitivity of 21.9 mV/(mg/dL) and maintains a sensing characteristic of linearity of 0.998.


Abstract An experimental comparison of the native mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides) with exotic timberline species, and a study of the configuration of timberline in an alpine valley in relation to topography and microclimate are synthesised with the results of other timberline studies to develop general hypotheses about New Zealand timberlines. Although assimilation and growth in mountain beech decrease with increasing altitude, the abrupt nature and local altitudinal variations of beech timberlines mainly reflect the cold-tolerance limits of its seedlings. Winter death of beech twigs, that can lead to a krummholz form, is aligned with downslope winds, but sensitivity to low temperatures may also be involved. At least some of the tall shrubs that replace beech forest in cirque-form valley heads possess greater cold-tolerance. These shrubs also have endotrophic mycorrhizal associations, in contrast to the ectotrophic mycorrhizas of beech, which may have bearing on their lower statur...


ABSTRACT As the crucial non-cellular component of tissues, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both physical support and signaling regulation to cells. Some ECM molecules provide a fibrillar environment around cells, while others provide a sheet-like basement membrane scaffold beneath epithelial cells. In this Review, we focus on recent studies investigating the mechanical, biophysical and signaling cues provided to developing tissues by different types of ECM in a variety of developing organisms. In addition, we discuss how the ECM helps to regulate tissue morphology during embryonic development by governing key elements of cell shape, adhesion, migration and differentiation. Summary: This Review discusses our current understanding of how the extracellular matrix helps guide developing tissues by influencing cell adhesion, migration, shape and differentiation, emphasizing the biophysical cues it provides.


Progress is reported on efforts to develop a commerciallyviable high purity X-band signal source incorporating a cryogenic sapphire dielectric resonator. The resonator design is of the whispering gallery type to take advantage of the excellent electromagnetic field confinement offered by this geometry. Complications resulting from the high spurious mode density of this tw of resonator have been eliminated by developing a very accurate and complete mode analysis program which fully incorporates the dielectric anisotropies of the sapphire ring. This program allows the design of a window in the frequency domain where no unwanted modes exist, with accuate placement of the desired mode at the center of this region. Evaluation of the phase noise properties of simple oscillators incorporating these resonators has been done. Twooscillator phase noise comparison measurements have yielded extremely encouraging results.


The effects of the longitudinal wall impedance instability in a heavy ion beam are of great interest for heavy ion fusion drivers. We are studying this instability using the R-Z thread of the WARP PIC code. We describe the code and our model of the impedance due to the accelerating modules of the induction LINAC as a resistive wall. We present computer simulations which illustrate this instability. 2 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.


The daily observed data of surface suspended sediment concentration(SSC) at the Nanhui headland from May 2002 to October 2005,the observed data of tidal range,tidal level,wind speed and direction at the Nanhui hydrometeorological station and the water and sediment discharge data observed at Datong hydrographic station in the same period were used to study the periodicity and affecting mechanism of SSC variation.It is shown from the study results that(1) SSC has obvious neap-spring and seasonal variations with periods being 14.7 days and 368 days,respectively,on an average,SSC during the spring tide was 2.96 times as much as that during the neap tide,and SSC in winter was twice as much as that in summer;(2) correlation coefficient between daily SSC and tidal range on the same day in a mean neap-spring period of 15 days was 0.86,and correlation coefficients between tidal range and daily SSC with one day and two day lag were 0.99 and 0.93,respectively,which indicates that the effect of tidal range variation on SSC has a one day or two day hysteresis;(3) the monthly mean SSC was negatively correlated with the monthly mean water discharge at the Changjiang River Datong station,especially well with the water discharge with a lag of 19 days.The variations in daily SSC in the study area were mainly the neap-spring and seasonal variations,the neap-spring variations are controlled by the sediment settling and resuspension mechanism caused by the tidal dynamics,and the seasonal variations are controlled by the seasonal variations in riverine runoff,sea level,tidal range and wind condition in a year.


Abstract This text is a short intellectual biography written in memory of Per Aage Brandt (1944–2021). I present some of the main tenets of his scientific endeavor, artistic practice, and scholarly entrepreneurship.


COPYRIGHT © 2022 Conrad, Hallgrímsdóttir and Hodge. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: A decade after the collapse: Financial crises, austerity, and their responses


Objective To analyze the syphilis toluidine red unheated serum reagin test(TRUST),rapid plasma reagin circle card test(RPR),syphilis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(TP-ELISA),and the gelatin agglutination of Treponema pallidum test(TPPA) test for syphilis at the application of values,set up the laboratory for syphilis testing and reporting system.Methods RPR,TRUST,TP-ELISA,TPPA assay were performed in 87 patients and 100 healthy persons and 50 patients with non-syphilis serum samples were selected as control to evaluate sensitivity,specificity ELISA screening method combining dual TRUST syphilis antibodies were used to detect,positive samples were confirmed by TPPA biological false positive screening.Results TRUST,RPR,TPPA of 87 TP-ELISA assay for the sensitivity of the positive samples were 75.86%,74.71%,98.90%;specificity 98.67%,98.67%,100.00%.RPR was compared with that of the TRUST,the difference was not statistically significant(P0.05).Comparing TRUST with that of TPPA,the difference had statistical significance(P0.01).Comparing RPR with that of TPPA,the difference had statistical significance(P0.01).TPPA was compared with the ELISA,and the difference was not statistically significant Among100 healthy persons serum,RPR、 TRUST、TP-ELISA,TPPA assay were negative.Among 50 patients with non-syphilis,RPR,TRUST assay revealed 2 positive.Conclusion TP-ELISA can replace TPPA with not only lower prices,but also easier to use.RPR,TRUST method showed different levels of false positive,and TP-ELISA combined with blood screening TRUST dual method,using TPPA positive could confirm test report.


Summary In rat, a transected tail vessel proved an adequate source of blood for platelet enumeration. When suspensions of rat blood in ammonium oxalate were rotated for 1 h a significant loss of platelets was observed. This platelet reduction rate (PRR), calculated as per cent of the pre-rotation count, showed individual constancy and inter-individual variance.


In this paper, the steel of U71Mn specifications for 60kg/m heavy rail is seen as a research object. Experimental method is employed to study the heavy rail hardened layer, including surface hardness, micro-structure and cross-sectional hardness under different cooling time during quenching. Experimental results showed that obtained heavy rail after wind cooling quenching finally met the Tb/T2344-2003 43-75 kg/m standard. Best quenching treatment condition is found and the defect is reduced to large extent when quenching time is 40 seconds, cooling time is 40 to 45 seconds, superior to the traditional spray cooling condition. These results provide an important reference for the quenching process of heavy rail.


"National History Day" is a history education program that promotes the study of civics and citizenship among the nation's students and teachers. Students in grades 6-12 are encouraged to participate in the annual student competition on "Rights and Responsibilities in History," and teachers are challenged to develop lessons to restore the study of the nation's heritage to a prominent place in the classroom. This two part sourcebook is intended to assist teachers in using "Our Documents" in their classrooms. Part 1 explains the two main components of "Our Documents," the student competition and the teacher competition. Part 2 contains the list of 100 . milestone documents, an explanation of key themes in the documents, a timeline placing the documents in a chronological perspective, lesson plans, classroom exercises, a longer essay putting several of the key documents into historical perspective, and a bibliography of works related to the documents. (BT)


We report ab initio identification of the exchange pathways in surfactant-mediated growth of Ge on Si(001) surface. Throughout the exchange process, a dimer-breaking-assisted exchange (DBAE) mechanism is revealed due to the lowering of energy barriers. When one Ge dimer is adsorbed on the surfactant dimer row or in the trough between surfactant dimer rows, the Ge dimer can both exchange one by one with the subsurface surfactant atoms through the DBAE process. The DBAE process together with a rolling-over process of the surface diffusion can lead to the nucleation of Ge under the surfactant layer, giving a fully natural explanation for the experimental observation.


Switching power supplies are widely used in automotive, aviation, and DC speed control fields. Its biggest requirement is stable output and high efficiency. It is usually realized by resonant converters, but its control circuit is complex and the output ripple is large. In this paper, a new type of flyback switching power supply is designed using a flyback conversion circuit and a single-tube self-excited conversion circuit. Experiments have shown that the designed switching power supply improves the efficiency and reliability of the power supply while obtaining a small ripple, continuously adjustable, and stable DC voltage.


A shallow water reverberation model has been developed based on normal mode theory together with various ray‐mode analogies. The model seems to be different from other shallow water reverberation models [K. V. Mackenzie, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34, 62 (1962); E. C. Shang, 12th ICA Symposium on Underwater Acoustics, Halifax, N.S., Canada (1986)] in that the reverberation at time t is due to contributions from a number of different ranges. Acoustic energy propagates from the source to the scattering element via mode n, and returns via mode m. The scattering is assumed to take place at the water‐surface or water‐bottom interface in accordance to the scattering function M(θn, θm). The angles are determined from the mode wavenumbers in accordance with the usual ray‐mode analogy. The travel times for the different paths are obtained from the modal group velocities. The final result is a double sum over the modes, but is computationally quite efficient since the mode functions and scattering angles are independent o...


I t has taken less than ten years for considerations of " bioethics" to move from being the scholarly activity of such grou ps as the Institute for Society, Eth ics and the Life Sc iences in New York and the Kennedy Institute in Wash ington to being the subject matter of high school term papers on cloning and genetic engineering. As always, the med ia have helped th is trend, with movie offerings such as "Coma" and "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest." Television dramas such as the recent "Transplant," along with segments of The Bold Ones have dealt with various dilemmas resulting from the amazing manipulat ive and life-sustaining techniques which the biomedical advances of the past 30 years have introduced. Actually , just the regular TV news broadcasts and weekly news magazines have enabled each of us to share rather close ly in such events as the first heart transplant and, more recently, in the dramas of Karen Qu inlan and Leslie Brown. Why is it that these so-called " bioethical" issues have arisen at this particular t ime in history? In the late 1940s the discovery of penicillin raised the expectations of many scientists and of the general public that the total conquest of disease lay just ahead. "Basic research " in hea lth-related scient if ic fields was encouraged through enormous federal grants, and it blossomed into a vast research enterprise, accompanied by a powerful biomedical lobby. The budget of the National Inst itutes of Health grew from $52 million dollars in 1950 to $430 million in


Short term care, both residential and family based, remains a cornerstone of family support services for children with learning disabilities. Despite this, research findings from Maureen Oswin's work to present suggest that short term care services are primarily oriented to the support needs of families and carers, rather than to the emotional security of the child. Drawing on recent observational studies of short term care facilities, and on work undertaken within the Children's Society's Western Corner Project, the author argues that psychodynamic approaches can both illuminate the experience of the child in the residential short term care setting, and suggest patterns of service that can enhance the well-being of the child. Influenced by the therapeutic tradition within residential child care, the author proposes that careful attention to the building of therapeutic relationships in the context of everyday events such as meals, intimate personal care, individualized play activities and settling to sleep, can make a contribution to the personal growth of the child. The paper, originally prepared during a period of study at the Tavistock Clinic, concludes by considering some of the implications for staff deployment and development that follow from the adoption of such an approach.


The paper deals with the contruction of a network in which structural changes are, to a great extent, in agreement with the changes of the flows of calls. The network services flows of calls, each being a complex non-stationary process. In many cases ,the flow may be reduced to a process with slow or step-like changes of the mean value and quick changes of the instant values around the mean value. The effective construction of the network must ensure the agreement of the structural changes with the changes of the flows of calls, therefore networks must contain connecting systems of two types: systems bringing the network structure in agreement with slow or step-like changes of the mean values of the number of calls, and systems altering the network structure in case of quick changes in the instant values of the number of calls. Besides, the network should contain a part which remains unchanged. A three-level model of a communication network is further considered. The paper shows the advantages of this model over oneand two-level models used now. The work considers the problems ar~s~ng in the course of investigation into a three-level model, as well as the possibility of discussing more complex •• dels .


The environment prevalent in ocean necessitates the piles supporting offshore structures to be designed against lateral cyclic loading initiated by wave action. Such quasi-static load reversal induces deterioration in the strength and stiffness of the soil-pile system introducing progressive reduction in the bearing capacity as well as settlement of the pile foundation. To understand the effect of lateral cyclic load on lateral capacity of pile group in soft clay, a series of laboratory experiments were performed. This paper presents the experimental observations made and the relevant conclusions drawn there from. Key-Words: Pile group, cyclic load, clay, frequency, amplitude.


High-pressure and high-temperature Raman spectra of synthetic FeCO 3 siderite and Mg 0.76 Fe 0.24 CO 3 magnesite were measured across the spin transition up to nearly 60 GPa and 700 K. In pure siderite the spin transition is sharp and observed between 44 and 46 GPa, with no discernible temperature dependence up to 700 K. The spin transition in Fe-bearing magnesite ("ferromagnesite") is also sharp and takes place between 45 and 47 GPa at ambient temperature, whereas the transition pressure range broadens significantly at about 600 K (45–52 GPa). Our results suggest that the onset pressure of the spin transition in the siderite–magnesite solid solution series is independent of temperature and composition up to 700 K, whereas the broadening of the spin transition range at higher temperature is driven by the Mg content of the sample. Finally, comparison of the (Mg,Fe)CO 3 and the (Mg,Fe)O systems indicates that the onset pressure of the spin transition is temperature-independent in both cases, which is rationalized in terms of the FeO 6 octahedral compression.


new apartments for the masses signified to many that the country was moving towards Communism. Natalie Scholz and Milena Veenis also focus on housing, showing how in both East andWest Germany modernism was seen as a means for renouncing the Nazi past and for putting forward a compelling vision of the future. However, designers' prescriptions of aesthetic good taste were resisted by a public which sought 'bourgeois' Gemütlichkeit rather than modernism's 'rational' good taste. Annette Vowinckel concludes the section by discussing the 'dreamworld' of freedom created by the growth of commercial air travel, focusing on an unusual form of cultural exchange: plane hijacking by individuals seeking to cross impassable Cold War borders. The book's final section considers the fallout of the cultural Cold War after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Justinian Jampol's thought-provoking chapter shows that since 1989, the German government's desire to impose an official, one-dimensional, narrative of life in the GDR has directly affected the state's funding priorities and the acquisitions policies of museums and archives, leading to the sidelining of material culture artefacts. Harm Langenkamp examines parallels between the Bush administration's sponsorship of the 'Silk Road Folklife Festival' and the cultural diplomacy of the Eisenhower era, arguing that the Bush era saw the emergence of a geopolitical dreamworld which centred around neoliberal conceptions of 'freedom' and 'democracy'. Divided Dreamworlds? is a valuable contribution to the scholarship on the 'cultural Cold War'. It demonstrates the complexity of Cold War cultural exchanges and is to be praised for combining an emphasis on arts and literature with a focus on wider areas such as science, housing policy, and aviation. However, while the empirical work is frequently impressive, in some chapters one might have hoped for greater analytical depth. The book would also have benefited from a greater range, both in terms of chronology (relatively few chapters deal with the changing climate of the 1970s and 1980s), and geographical scope (particularly in terms of Western case studies, which largely focus on the United States and West Germany). Indeed, while most authors challenge the notion that there existed a unified 'Eastern Bloc', there is occasional recourse to reified notions of 'the West'. Thus, the book might be better described as an account of the cultural Cold War through the eyes of the socialist East—not in itself a bad thing, but insufficient to answer the question posed in the introduction of whether there existed a single Cold War culture that traversed East and West (p. 5). In a volume featuring a number of thought-provoking chapters, the work never really coheres into a satisfying overall argument. In part, this is because the introduction fails to provide a clear explanation of the book's overarching rationale. One wonders in particular whether the 'dreamworld' metaphor provides a sufficiently sharp analytical tool for analysing the complexities of the cultural Cold War— and whether it accurately encompasses the contributions contained in the volume. As a result, Divided Dreamworlds? lags behind the unity of purpose and the conceptual sophistication of recent collections such as György Péteri's Imagining the West in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union (2010) and the trilogy of edited volumes by Susan Reid and David Crowley. In spite of these criticisms, the scholar of Cold War culture will find much of interest in Divided Dreamworlds? At its best, the contributions contained within it advance scholarly understanding of the intricate dynamics of the cultural ColdWar, and provide a solid foundation for future research.


Many of us who are over 40 remember The Professionals (1977–1983), a 1970s prime-time urban British cop show centered on a fictional law-enforcement agency called CI5, with macho leads, big guns, girlfriends of the week, and the obligatory car chases through the streets of London. It acquired a strong fannish following in the UK, the United States, and Australia, in the main because of its two appealing male leads, Bodie and Doyle. But who would guess that our two ostensibly straight heroes are really gay and living in domestic bliss in rural Gloucestershire? Or so say some of the slashers, fans who use the strong homosocial ties between these CI5 agents to extrapolate a sexual bond as well. A particular favorite of many Pros fans is The Larton Chronicles by Rhiannon, a series of five stories. This alternate universe (AU) series lifts the characters from their usual setting—the mean streets of London, where they are busy fighting terrorism—and shifts them to another time and place—a cottage in a remote Gloucestershire village, in which they live as a couple and are shown celebrating the millennium together. I explore how the series both inverts and subverts the issues of sexuality, class, and race that are touched on in the show, and it will look at Rhiannon's use of canon versus fanon and how she constructs a recognizable fannish shorthand.


This study aims to find evidence that the model UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) is a conceptual framework to explain the acceptance and use of Go-Pay as one of the mobile payment services in the city of Padang. The data used in this research is primary data obtained by distributing a questionnaire online. This study using purposive sampling with a sample of 150 respondents who have used Go-Pay.Analysis of the data used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Data analysis techniques using SmartPLS ver.3.2.8 processed. This study found evidence that performance expectancy, social influence and positive effect on behavioral intention; facilitating condition and behavioral intention to use behavior has a positive effect, while the effort expectancy negatively affect behavior intention.


Purpose – Alpaca ownership in New Zealand has been developing in recent years. However, very little academic research has been conducted in this area, particularly from alpaca owners' points of view. This exploratory study attempts to close some of the knowledge gaps in this area.Design/methodology/approach – Between April and June 2006, a total of 233 alpaca owners located in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand participated in the study by completing a questionnaire.Findings – While the overall results confirm the importance of the lifestyle dimension among New Zealand alpaca owners, the existence of many respondents whose operations are open to the public and who own a larger number of alpacas suggests more than just lifestyle motivations, but rather an intention to exploit commercial opportunities in this activity.Research limitations/implications – There is an acknowledged limitation regarding the quantitative approach used here. Such an approach may have limited the ability to capture ins...


Graphics processing units (GPUs) have emerged as a favored compute accelerator for workstations, servers, and supercomputers. At their core, GPUs are massively-multithreaded compute engines, capable of concurrently supporting over one hundred thousand active threads. Supporting this many threads requires storing context for every thread on-chip, and results in large vector register files consuming a significant amount of die area and power. Thus, it is imperative that the vast number of registers are used effectively, efficiently, and to maximal benefit. This work evaluates the usage of the vector register file in a modern GPGPU architecture. We confirm the results of prior studies, showing vector registers are reused in small windows by few consumers and that vector registers are a key limiter of workgroup dispatch. We then evaluate the effectiveness of previously proposed techniques at reusing register values and hiding bank access conflict penalties. Lastly, we study the performance impact of introducing additional vector registers and show that additional parallelism is not always beneficial, somewhat counter-intuitive to the "more threads, better throughput" view of GPGPU acceleration.


With two kinds of the directive language, 236 college students were used to study their ways of solving the selection tasks and investigate their efficiency of solving the selection tasks. The results indicated that there is significant difference between the verifiable directives and the traversable directives. The traversable directives was useful to solve the selection tasks, and the results showed that there is the identity between matching bias and verification bias.


The utility model discloses a television set temperature monitoring device, which at least includes a processing unit for collecting temperature information and issuing a request to a CPU (central processing unit), and a monitoring unit for monitoring temperature. The monitoring unit includes a thermosensitive module for changing temperature variations into electric signal variations and a filtering module for filtering off clutter. The thermosensitive module is at least one of a thermosensitive diode, a thermosensitive triode, a thermosensitive voltage stabilizing tube or a thermistor. The filtering module includes: a first resistor with a first end connected to the first output end of a thermosensitive element and a second end connected to the processing unit; a second resistor with a first end connected to the second output end of the thermosensitive element and a second end connected to the processing unit; a capacitor with one end connected to the second end of the first resistor and the other end connected to the second end of the second resistor. The processing unit is a temperature monitoring alarm chip. The utility model discloses a television set mainboard including the television set temperature monitoring device. The utility model also discloses a television set including the television set mainboard.


There are many quantitative studies on the behavior of consumers of new products or services. This chapter shows the starting point of three major lines of quantitative research. The next four chapters will lean heavily on these three subjects: diffusion of innovations, technology acceptance, and theory of planned behavior. The first line of research is the diffusion of innovations research that can be traced back to Rogers. One of the most important features of the book is the characterization of the persuasion step with relative advantage as a major driver for acceptation of innovations. The second line is the many applications of the technology acceptance model (TAM) that was introduced by Davis in the late 1980s. The most important result of this article is that perceived usefulness was significantly more strongly linked to usage than was ease of use, both defined in this chapter. IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, E-Health Systems Diffusion and Use: The Innovation, the User and the USE IT Model edited by Ton A.M. Spil and Roel W. Schuring © 2005, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB11505


This article provides a comparative analysis of phraseological fusions and the use of idioms in Turkic languages on the example of Uzbek, Kazakh and Turkish languages. In addition, it highlights that each language has its own phraseological fusions, idioms, which are not found in other cognate languages and cannot be translated despite its cultural, geographical proximity, and belonging to a single language family.


An extract of Podopetalum ormondii yields crystals containing two alkaloids, but repeated recrystalliz- ation fails to resolve the two components. The crystals are typically triplets consisting of a monoclinic phase m and two identical, but differently oriented, triclinic phases t l and t2. Three data sets were collected, two from a virtual twin from which most of t2 had been cut away and one from a virtually single m crystal. Both m and t data sets were centric but proved to belong to P2m and P l respectively. Both contain chirally opposite (and hence pseudo-symmetrically related) 1 : 1 ordered arrays of (-)-podopetaline and (-)-ormosanine. Many of the bond lengths of the molecules in the t phase lay outside acceptable ranges. This could be caused by the t phase contain- ing small, but significant amounts of the corre- sponding (+) isomers or other closely related alkaloid molecules of this series, m phase: C2oH35N3.C2oH33N3, total Mr=633"03, P21, a= 10.418(2), b=19-634(3), c=18-685 (3) A, /3= 104.51 (2) ° , U=3700"0(l'l)ik 3, Z=4, Dx = 1.145gcm -3, Cu Ka, ,4=1.5418~, tz(CuKot)= 5.2cm -~, F(000)=1400, T=298K. R=0.085 for 4319 significant reflections, t phase: as for m phase except, P1, a = 10.426(8), b= 19.574(9), c= 11.202(9)A, a=122.10(6), /3=105.25(6), y= 89.50(5) ° , U= 1844(2)~ 3, Z=2, Dx = l'149gcm -3, /z(Cu Ka)=5.21 cm -m, F(000)=700. R =0.093 for 3386 significant reflections.


The basic sectors are central to the growth and vitality of any economic system, and current and accurate information regarding changes in an area's economic base is vital to local economic development planning efforts. This report provides estimates of the economic base by economic sector for North Dakota counties for the period 1960-1991. The data indicate that agriculture remains North Dakota's most important basic sector, accounting for 50 percent or more of the economic base in 31 of the state's 53 counties in 1991. The energy sectors play a significant role in the economic base of a number of western North Dakota counties. Energy extraction and conversion accounted for 50 percent or more of the economic base in seven counties in 1991. Manufacturing has been a growing segment of the state's economy in recent years. In 1991, manufacturing accounted for 15 percent or more of the economic base in seven counties. Federal activities have been a major source of growth among the state's basic sector activities in recent years, and transfer payments account for most of the growth in this economic base component over the past decade. In 1991, federal activities accounted for 50 percent or more of the economic base of five counties. Tourism also has been a growing segment of the state's economy, but it has not yet assumed a dominant role in any county.


The principal objective of this study was to determine the effects of diet knowledge and perception on diet practice behavior among university students. Data were collected between March and April of 2005 from 523 male and female university students in Seoul and Chungbuk, via a self-administered questionnaire. The subjects included 217 male students (41.5%) and 306 female students (58.5%), and 52.0% of the subjects were 21-23 years old. With regard to residence type, 42.6% of the subjects lived in the dormitory, home (29.1%) self-boarding (19.5%) and meal (8.8) were in the order. The average weights and heights of the subjects were as follows: 70.99.0 kg and 174.34.4 cm in the male students and 53.95.9 kg and 161.34.5 cm in the female students. The average BMI values of the male and female students were 23.42.5 and 20.82.1, respectively. The average nutritional knowledge scores were as follows: 1.96 out of 3.0, dietary habit (2.13), nutrition (2.0), exercise (1.98), preferred food (1.90), and chronic disease (1.79). We noted no significant differences between the male and female subjects in terms of scored points. Nutritional knowledge by gender and residence type were shown to be significantly different--the male subjects had higher scores for exercise than did the female subjects. The self-boarding subjects had significantly lower scores with regard to nutritional knowledge and chronic disease. The experience and duration of previous diet practice were also significantly different with regard to gender and residence type. The male subjects tended to conduct diet practice for longer periods than females. The self-boarding students reported more attempts at diet behavior, but for shorter durations. The results show that the nutritional knowledge and diet practice behavior of the subjects were influenced by gender and residence type.


The present invention discloses a system and a tracking position marker based MEMS gyroscope. The system includes a motion vector module, the motor module and a stable platform, infrared detection module, and the motor is mounted on a stabilized platform module, a signal processing module, optical tracking control module, the MEMS gyroscope module, the gyro signal processing module, a control module sight stabilization and a power module. Compared with the prior art, the present invention employs MEMS gyroscope, the bit scaler effectively reduce the volume and weight, lower production costs, and standard scaler sensitivity and high isolation, stable performance, reliable, and may be more infrared detection equipment to provide accurate and stable platform. Applicability The present invention is higher, better sensitivity and stability.


We present the beginning of an ambitious project to extend initiatives of education and research in optics and photonics for population with disabilities. Specifically, we describe an activity organized by different student chapters in countries of Latin America geared towards the discussion and development of materials to teach optics and astronomy with and to the visually and hearing impaired. The particular event has been completed twice, once remote, in 2020, and another hybrid in 2022, with the in-person section hosted in Bogota, Colombia with remote participants from several countries. The event aims to develop educational materials, create a space for synergy interactions between different populations, and facilitate the expansion to different languages and regions in the Americas, particularly to reach under-served and remote communities. Different spaces are proposed and quantitative outcomes are provided.


Abstract The rise of new derivational affixes can be analyzed adequately as a case of "constructionalization" within the framework of Construction Morphology as developed by Booij (2010). We review some aspects and problems of previous accounts that view the emergence of derivational affixes as a case of grammaticalization or as a case of lexicalization, respectively. In line with recent developments in grammaticalization research, not the isolated element (word or affix) is viewed as the locus of change, but the complex word as a whole - seen as a "construction" in the sense of Construction Grammar - and its relation with other constructions. Morphological change can be conceived as constructional change at the word level.


This study attempts to investigate the relationship between financial development and economic growth and also the empirical analysis examines Granger causality of this relationship. Time series mo ...


In This paper we discussed about Networked control systems (NCS) for controlling flow rate of two non-interacting tank processes using fuzzy logic controller. Basically NCS are used for network communication to enable exchange of information of plant response via communication channel. For controlling the flow rate of processes we use fuzzy logic controller with a network on a shared medium to connect plant & controller. The experimental application of NCS in this paper work is manufacturing plant monitoring to provide decision & command, factory automation.


There are many learning management systems all over the world. But these conventional E-learning platforms aim at students who are used to work on their own. Our students are young (19 years old – 22 years old), and in their first year at the university. Following extensive interviews with our students, we have designed GE3D, an E-learning platform, according to their expectations and our criteria. In this paper, we describe the students' demands, resulting from the interviews. Then, we present our virtual campus. Even if our platform uses some elements coming from the 3D games world, it is always a pedagogical tool. Using this technology, we developed a 3D representation of the real world. We also propose a process of a lecture on the Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC's) in this new universe. GE3D is a multi-users tool, with a synchronous technology, an intuitive interface for end-users and an embedded Intelligent Tutoring System to support learners.


The lateral distribution of the effective contact potential difference (ECPD), often referred to as the work-function difference φMS, was determined experimentally for the first time over the gate area of a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure. The photoelectric method for measuring φMS in MOS devices was modified to characterize the lateral distribution of ECPD. In square MOS gates, it is found that φMS values were highest in the center area of the gate, lower along the gate edges, and lowest at the gate corners. These results were confirmed by several independent photoelectric and electrical measurement methods. A model is proposed, in which the experimentally determined φMS(x,y) distributions, are attributed to mechanical stress distributions in MOS structures. Equations are derived allowing calculation of φMS(x,y) distributions for various structures. Results of these calculations remain in agreement with experimentally obtained distributions.


As second‐generation mesoporous materials, mesoporous noble metals (NMs) are of significant interest for their wide applications in catalysis, sensing, bioimaging, and biotherapy owing to their structural and metallic features. The introduction of interior hollow cavity into NM‐based mesoporous nanoparticles (MNs), which subtly integrate hierarchical hollow and mesoporous structure into one nanoparticle, produces a new type of hollow MNs (HMNs). Benefiting from their higher active surface, better electron/mass transfer, optimum electronic structure, and nanoconfinement space, NM‐based HMNs exhibit their high efficiency in enhancing catalytic activity and stability and tuning catalytic selectivity. In this review, recent progress in the design, synthesis, and catalytic applications of NM‐based HMNs is summarized, including the findings of the groups. Five main strategies for synthesizing NM‐based HMNs, namely silica‐assisted surfactant‐templated nucleation, surfactant‐templated sequential nucleation, soft "dual"‐template, Kirkendall effect in synergistic template, and galvanic‐replacement‐assisted surfactant template, are described in detail. In addition, the applications in ethanol oxidation electrocatalysis and hydrogenation reactions are discussed to highlight the high activity, enhanced stability, and optimal selectivity of NM‐based HMNs in (electro)catalysis. Finally, the further outlook that may lead the directions of synthesis and applications of NM‐based HMNs is prospected.


This paper presents a real-time driving assistant application for mobile platforms. Defeating the constraints imposed by such platforms (limited memory, decreased processing power, low camera frame rate) we propose a simple and robust method for implementing various driving assistant features such as obstacle detection, collision warning or lane departure warning. For offering an optimal implementation, we parallelize the most computationally heavy parts by distributing work across the multiple cores available on the device. Using the Qualcomm MARE Parallel Computing library we succeed in more than halving the computation time on quad-core devices in comparison with single core ones.


Objective To investgate the patient's pronunciation effect after partial laryngectomy.Methods 118 patients with partial laryngectomy were observed.The patient's pronunciation was investgated.Results The pronounciation effect of the horizontal partial-laryngectomy was the best,followed by the split laryngeal surgery,vertical partial-laryngectomy and 3 /4 laryngectomy.Conclusion The voice quality and pronunciation effect of the patients with half laryngeal is best.


Hill, 1954). Woolley (1994) accorded full specific recognition, however, to Murexia aspersa (sic). A most interesting feature in the history of longicaudata taxonomy is the absence of comment regarding the gross malformation in the holotype skull. The specimen was originally displayed as a mount (? hence the missing basicranium and lack of cranial and dental measurements accompanying the type description). But it must have been extracted prior to 1880 for Thomas lists its critical measurements in his Catalogue (1888: 299). Tate (1947) refered to the additional lower incisor as `... an anomalous (fourth) incisive tooth, possibly a milk tooth (?)' (p. 117), but the severely undershot dentary, crushed and broad premolars, incompletely erupted C inwardly folded upper incisors and the abnormal height of the dentary below the premolars have always gone unstated.


With the fast growth of video sources, efficient video classification and management is becoming more and more important. Video partitioning and video feature extraction are two of the key issues in video classification. In this paper, we introduce our innovative approaches to scene change detection and camera motion extraction.The video partitioning process involves the detection of boundaries between uninterrupted segments (video shots) of scenes. Shot boundaries can be classified into two categories, gradual transition and instantaneous change (called a camera break). Detection of a gradual transition is considered to be a difficult problem. Few methods have been reported for gradual transition detection. We discuss an efficient method which is calledStep-variable.In this paper, a novel method is derived to classify the dominant camera motions in video shots. The method is to analyze the optical flow in a decomposed manner. Images are divided into subregions according to our camera model. The projectedxandycomponents of optical flow are analyzed separately in the different subregions of the images. Different camera motions are recognized by comparing the computed result with the prior known patterns. Our method is efficient and effective because only some mean values and standard deviations are used. The analysis and a detailed description of our method are presented in this paper. Experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Using 1-h pulse of radioactively labeled Escherichia coli, we examined, during a 24-h period, the feeding activities of Ephydatia fluviatilis in the presence of different bacterial concentrations. The results indicate an influence of the nutritional state of the sponge and the existence of a steady optimal retention rate value related to the maximal rate of phagocytosis and digestion of the sponge. These results are consistent with the measurements of sponge growth showing that bacteria can fulfill the entire food requirements of E. fluviatilis and sustain high rates of growth. The pattern of retention in relation to the bacterial concentration and nutritional state of the sponge is discussed.


ABSTRACT ThegenomeofBacillus phage 429contains co-valentlylinkedproteinat both ends.TheseDNAterminalproteinsareessentialfor )29 DNAreplication. Wehaveisolated 429 ter-minalproteinfromeachendseparatelyandcomparedtheirtwo-dimensional peptide maps. Ourresults showedthe twoproteinsto be identical. The DNAsof four phages examined ()15, Nf, M2Y, and GA-1) also contain protein at both ends ofthe DNAmolecules. ThechymotrypticpeptidemapsoftheseDNAterminalproteins havebeencomparedwith the mapofthe 4P29 terminalprotein. Despite the similarities in molecular size, peptide mapsofthe terminal proteins showclear differences amongthe unre-lated phages. Theseresults are consistent with the idea that theterminal proteins are encoded by viral DNArather than by thehost chromosome. Wehave also determined the nucleotide se-quencesofthe terminioffour phage DNAsandcomparedthemwiththe sequence of 429 DNA.Thesequencedataindicate thatall ofthese phage DNAcontain short inverted terminal repeats:5'A-A-A-G-T-Afor


Technical report, 2011 We perform numerical simulations of control of a separating laminar boundary layer by means of blowing and suction at the wall in the form of traveling waves. Separation is imposed by prescribing accelerating and decelerating free-stream velocity for the flow over a flat plate. We find that downstream traveling waves already at very low amplitudes are able to eliminate the separation and induce a turbulent but attached boundary layer flow. Upstream traveling waves of relatively higher amplitudes only slightly reduce separation while keeping the flow laminar. The amplitude of the blowing/suction needed to achieve such significant effects are considerably smaller than those previously considered for drag reduction and transition delay in plane geometries.


Traditionally grounding had to divert lightning currents, and had to provide safety for personnel. At present grounding is increasingly required to also safeguard sensitive electronic instrumentation. To meet this new additional requirement we have to reconsider the fundamental nature of grounding. As a result we criticize 'ideal' and 'clean' grounds, the special role of Mother Earth and single-point grounding. The positive outcome is that it has become clear how to design a grounding system with a high level of protection.


A highly automated system combining a sample transfer robot with focused SR beam has been established for small-angle and ultra small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/USAXS) measurement at BL19B2 for industrial use of SPring-8. High-throughput data collection system can be realized by means of X-ray beam of high photon flux density concentrated by a cylindrical mirror, and a two-dimensional pixel detector PILATUS-2M. For SAXS measurement, we can obtain high-quality data within 1 minute for one exposure using this system. The sample transfer robot has a capacity of 90 samples with a large variety of shapes. The fusion of high-throughput and robotic system has enhanced the usability of SAXS/USAXS capability for industrial application.


Rats with delayed hypersensitivity to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and diphtheria toxoid were specifically desensitized by an intravenous injection of BSA. The degree of desensitization was positively related to the dose of antigen. The 4-hour skin reactions to BSA were weaker, and the passive haemagglutinin titres, antigen-binding capacity and average avidity of the antibodies were lower in the desensitized rats than in controls. The suppression of delayed hypersensitivity was apparently not caused by increased circulating antibody activity, but by a cellular defect or a humoral blocking factor.


Three (or four) straightforward experiments would contribute greatly to completing the spectroscopy of baryons and light mesons. In the baryon sector, data are needed on inelastic reactions from a polarised target with π± and K± beams up to ∼ 3 GeV/c. Similar data are needed in the light meson sector for p¯p interactions in the momentum range 0.3–2 GeV/c. In both cases, valuable information is to be obtained from longitudinal (L) and sideways (S) target polarisations as well as the conventional normal (N) polarisation. Thirdly, 3S1 and 3D1 mesons in the mass range 1–2.4 GeV could probably be separated either by diffractive dissociation of transversely polarised photons or by e


Defining constitutionalism and democracy remains a challenge. For a long time, the two concepts have been polemic and diversely understood. Yet, the "veneration" of constitutionalism and democracy is among the most enduring and probably justified vanities of liberal democratic theory. As Wiseman rightly pointed out regarding democracy: Many governments of quite different types wish to describe themselves as democratic.


Feminism and political theory liberal individualism feminist practice, formal equality and the rule of the law the communitarian critique of individualism and universalism a feminist critique of communitarianism beyond the liberal-communitarian debate.


Ginger is a bio pharmacy plant as highest export commodity in biopharmacy category which exported by Indonesia. High-low the ginger export can be influenced by wide of farm, total production, and US dollar rate. This study aims to find out  whether  wide of farm, total production, and US dollar rate simultaneously and partially have effect on volume of ginger export in Indonesia on period of 1993-2012.  in this study export as dependent variable. Wide of farm, total production, and US dollar rate as independent variable. Data collection method by using documentation method. Data analysis technique by using multiple linear regression. The result showed wide of farm, total production, and US dollar rate simultaneously have significant toward volume of ginger export in Indonesia on period of 1993-2012. value of R 2 = 0,988 its mean 98,8 percent the wide of farm, total production, and US dollar rate have effect on volume of ginger export in Indonesia. Wide of farm, total production and US dollar rate partially have positive effect on volume of ginger export in Indonesia on period of 1993-2012.


Malaysia experienced four major phases of industrialization, with import substitution or export orientation dominating each phases alternatively. Manufacturing sector is important in Malaysia's industrial development, inducing rapid growth, technology expansion and upgrading labor skill. High growth rates and high technology expansion in these sector resulted in a substantial increase in demand for labor. Indeed, currently the economy is continuously experiencing further structural adjustments in output and employment as the degree of integration with world markets increases and changes in technology deepen. By using three Malaysian input-output tables; 1978, 1991 and 2000 input-output tables the present study employs the popular model namely the Structural Decomposition Analysis (SDA). The result also shows that changes in the final demand structure were the major source of labor growth, dominating by domestic demand during 1978-1991 and by export demand during 19912000. Key-Words: manufacturing, decomposition, labor, input-output, growth and Malaysia


Background: Cisplatin has been considered one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents. It is associated with numerous toxicities at therapeutic doses like ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, myelosuppression, allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity. The synergistic effects of Cisplatin and magnesium deficiency are believed to contribute to renal dysfunction. Aim:The aim of this study was to study the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin and evaluate potential impact of magnesium supplementation on such toxicity. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups. Group I served as (Control group). Group II (magnesium treated group) received single injection of magnesium sulphate (90mg/kg), Groups III (Cisplatin treated group) received single injection of 5 mg/kg body weight of cisplatin and Group IV (Cisplatinand magnesium treated group) received single injection of 90mg/kg magnesium sulphate and 5mg of cisplatin. After 14 days,biochemical parameters in serum were studied: creatinine,BUN, magnesium andinflammatory marker (IL-6) levels.Kidneyswere examined by light microscope as well. Results: results indicated that: serum levels of the creatinine,IL-6 and BUN of treated rats showeda highly significantincreased compared to control animals, whereas serum magnesium showedhighly significantdecreased.Magnesiumsupplementationreverse these chages. In conclusion:Our study demonstrated that cisplatin induced andomized in the kidney function andMg supplementation ameliorates it. It is recommendedto do further investigations to determine therole of magnesium in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.


10 w 100 ~ CI' t;: -e 90 w :I: method with one of three different isotopes (Co 57, Sn 113, Sc 46, New England Nuclear, Massachusetts, USA). For each data point 8 ml of plastic microsphere dilution (4 Mill. microspheres/0.1 mCi) were injected into the left atrium. The reference blood sample was withdrawn at a constant rate of 10 ml/ml starting immediately prior to the injection of the isotopes and continuing for 1 minute after the end of the injection. Measurements during severe arrythmias were discarded. All calves received a microsphere injection after the insertion of the ventricular bypass pump (but prior to the initiation of the bypass), secondly 1 hour after starting nonpulsatile circulation,


Organothiol binding to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in water proceeds through a deprotonation pathway in which the sulfur-bound hydrogen (RS-H) atoms are released to solution as protons and the organothiol attach to AuNPs as negatively charged thiolate. The missing puzzle pieces in this mechanism are (i) the significance of electrostatic repulsion among the likely charged thiolates packed on AuNP surfaces, and (ii) the pathways for the ligand binding system to cope with such electrostatic repulsion. Presented herein are a series of experimental and theoretical evidence that ion pairing, the coadsorption of negatively charged thiolate and positively charged cations, is a main mechanism for the system to reduce the electrostatic repulsion among the thiolate self-assembled onto AuNP surfaces. This work represents a significant step forward in the comprehensive understanding of organothiol binding to AuNPs.


The development trend of medical education is comprehensive, which is characterized by breaking the boundaries among different disciplines, constructing a main line centering on organ and system, and implementing student-centered problem-based learning. This paper analyzed the main problems of basic medical education in Wuhan University of Science and Technology, such as insufficient teaching reform to promoting students' autonomous learning and failed to create excellent teaching and research group et al. Also, the paper proposed comprehensive reform measures such as integrating teaching units, establishing "Teacher Education Development Center", implementing "Course director" and "Team leader" system, promoting teaching model of "student centered" and integrating curriculums of basic medicine to establish course model centering on the organ and system et al, with some success.

Key words:
Student-centered; Project head; Team leader; Basic Medicine; Comprehensive reform


A thiophene motif has been integrated into mesoporous carbon nitride (MCN) to improve the photoactivation of molecular oxygen towards the selective oxidation of alcohols. This modification also extends the photoactive part of the spectrum of MCN by electronic modification of the conjugated system.


There are so many differences in each country's old-age social insurance system operation. A comparative analysis is taken on the following aspects: sources of financing, contribution rate, eligibility for benefits, replacement rate. The reform of salary system should b accelerated so as to enlarge premium collection base whereby revenues can be increased and contribution rate be lowered. The paper recommends to increase the retirement ages gradually and to enlarge coverage by old-age social insurance system.


SUMMARY Embedded SQL inserts SQL statements into the host pro- gramming language and executes them at program run time. SQL injection is a known attack technique; however, detection techniques are not intro- duced in embedded SQL. This paper introduces a technique based on candidate code generation that can detect SQL injection vulnerability in the C / C ++ host programming language.


The algorithm of finding of groups of identical files, which content are equal, is proposed in the article. Its low calculation complexity is showed. The software for realization of this algorithm is developed.


Business Process Management (BPM) is an established discipline that uses business processes for organizing the operations of an enterprise. The enterprises that embrace BPM continuously analyze their processes and improve them to achieve competitive edge. Consequently, a plethora of studies have developed contrasting approaches to analyze business processes. These approach vary from examining event logs of process-aware information systems to employing the data warehousing technology for analyzing the execution logs of business processes. In contrast to these classical approaches, this work proposes to combine two prominent domains, BPM and Natural Language Processing, for analyzing business processes. In particular, this study has proposed to perform sentiment analysis of end-user feedback on business processes to assess the satisfaction level of end-users. More specifically, firstly, a structured approach is used to develop a corpus of over 7000 user-feedback sentences. Secondly, these feedback sentences are annotated at three levels of classification, where, the first-level classification determines the relevance of a sentence to the process. Whereas, the second-level classifies the relevant sentences across four process performance dimensions, time, cost, quality and flexibility, and the third-level classifies the sentences into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. Finally, 78 experiments are performed to determine the effectiveness of six supervised learning techniques and one state-of-the-art deep learning technique for the automatic classification of user feedback sentences at three levels of classifications. The results show that deep learning technique is most effective for the classification tasks.