The ex-vitro propagation of the pineapple plant cv Smooth Cayenne was evaluated using the stem sections treated with Giberelic acid (GA3) and 6 benzylaminopurine (BAP). The design utilized was the fractionated factorial of the type (1/5)53 with sizes of stem sections, GA3, BAP and five levels totalizing 25 treatments that consisted of the combination of different length of section (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 cm) and concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg L-1) of GA3 and BAP. Each plot consisted of 50 sections treated through immersion for one minute in solutions containing different combinations of GA3 e BAP concentrations. BAP had positive and GA3 negative effect on the percentage of buds sprouting in stem sections at 28 days after planting. The section size, GA3 and BAP application affected the number of buds sprouting per stem section. It was verified the effect on the following characteristics: shoot height, fresh and dry weight of the seedlings and dry weight of root evaluated 123 days after being planted in answer of the section size, GA3 and BAP. However, only stem section size presented a positive effect. The highest values of fresh and dry weight of the seedlings were obtained without BAP and GA3 in stem sections of 14 cm long.


Abstract El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been shown in many previous papers to impact seasonal levels of Atlantic basin tropical cyclone activity. This paper revisits this relationship by examining a longer period (1900–2009) than has been examined in earlier analyses. Alterations in large-scale climate parameters, especially vertical wind shear, are shown to be the primary reasons why tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic is reduced in El Nino years. Climate signals are found to be somewhat stronger in the Caribbean than for the remainder of the tropical Atlantic. The focus of the paper then shifts to U.S. landfalls, confirming previous research that U.S. landfalls are reduced in El Nino years. The reduction in landfall frequency is greater along the Florida peninsula and East Coast than it is along the Gulf Coast, especially for major hurricanes. The probability of each state being impacted by a hurricane and major hurricane is given for El Nino, La Nina, and neutral years. The most dramatic...


The purpose of this service program is to increase the ability and income of students and foundation administrators through business assistance for Crystal herbal medicine. This community service activity was carried out from January to June 2021 at Pondok Yab Yatim Sudjono Taruno, Jetis Village, Baki District, Sukohardjo. The target of this activity is the students and dormitories of the Charity Bakti Foundation "Sudjono &Taruno" which operates 30 people. This activity is carried out using empowerment methods through training, counselling, and mentoring. The results of this service activity are: (1) the administrators and students have understood and mastered the basics of entrepreneurship and business methods well; (2) administrators and students are able to produce Crystal Jamu after practising training and education on herbal medicine-making; (3) administrators and students are able to market herbal products conventionally (offline) and online; (4) administrators and students know the process of obtaining a business license, as well as a BPOM permit. This service program also contributes to increasing the income of the crystal herbal medicine business at Pondok Yatim YAB Sudjono Taruno from Rp. 300,000 / month to Rp. 1,500,000 / month. The implementation of Community Service carried out by UTP FEB lecturers in producing Crystal Jamu has provided benefits for yab Sudjono &Taruno Yatim huts, both in order to improve health (body immunity) to prevent the spread of covid to students and administrators, congregations and the surrounding community, as well as being able to create useful business units to increase the management income of Pondok YAB Sudjono &Taruno


Objective To explore the methods and effect of organization and management of peacekeeping medical team.Methods The following manage- ment measures were carried out,such as establishing nursing security system and quality standards,training nurses as general nurses,reasonably allocating nursing staff and strengthening the management of medical materials.Results The peaeekecping medical team achieved quality standards according to the standard operatinn procedure in various levels of inspection.The patient satisfactiml was 99.81%.Conclusion Study on the m'ganization and management of peacekeeping medical team provide basis for the studies of the training and improvement of nurses' rapid reae.tive ability to emergeney.


Nanowire array and film of cadmium sulfide were prepared by electroplating in organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide with CdCl2 and element sulfur under different temperature and current density. The UV-VIS absorption spectra show that increasing the electroplating temperature is benefit to forming perfect crystallites and the absorption peak under high electroplating temperature is ascribed to the excitonic transition. The formula of energy shift for the lowest several exci-tons is given and compared with the experiment. The photoluminescence spectrum consists of two parts: the first is pro-duced by recombination of the defects and the second by recombination of excitons.


As our Bicentennial celebration of our Constitution approaches its conclusion, one is struck with what can only be called wonder by the extent of the diversity among the celebrants. There seems to be at least general agreement that we are celebrating the Constitution because it establishes by a variety of means limited government. However, in this essay I show that there is vast disagreement on the precise meaning or fundamental mark of limited government. I identify the various definitions and defenses of limited government that can be derived from our Constitution and proceed to unveil their contradictory assumptions and implications. I then proceed to present our original and fundamental definition and defense of limited government as proposed by Publius in the Federalist Papers and to explore two questions: first, whether that definition is compatible with the other limiting features of the Constitution; and, second, whether that definition can render those diverse limiting features mutually coherent.


Poland officially the republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38.5 million people [1]. Polish is the official language. It is becoming an interesting location for research and development investments [1]. Many scientists and researchers originated from Poland. However, in the 19th and 20th centuries many Polish scientists worked abroad; one of the greatest of these exiles was Maria Skłodowska-Curie (1867-1934), (Fig. 1), a physicist and chemist who lived much of her life in France [1]. Marie Curie or Madame Curie, was a Polish physicist and chemist, working mainly in France [1], who is famous for her pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the only woman to win in two fields, and the only person to win in multiple sciences. There are, also great contribution, made to dermatology from Poland [2]. Neverthless, not all of those contributions credited as eponyms. Just as example, Jadwiga Schwann was a dermatologist from Poland [3]. Among her contributions to dermatology, she is credited for describing a syndrome, in German and Polish languagues. This syndrome appeared latter in English literature by Robert S. Bart (Dermatologist) and Robert E. Pumphrey (Otolaryngologist); both from USA, and so the syndrome was then known as Bart – Pumphrey syndrome. Schwann syndrome is cited in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, as knuckle pads, leukonychia, and sensorineural deafness. It is characterized by knuckle pads, leukonychia, palmoplanter keratoderma (PPK) and sensorineural deafness [3]. In Table I [4-10], we highlighted on selected eponyms, in dermatology literature, linked to Poland. EPONYMS IN THE DERMATOLOGY LITERATURE LINKED TO POLAND


A new model called intuitive fuzzy c-means (IFCM) model is proposed for the segmentation of magnetic resonance image in this paper. Fuzzy c-means (FCM) is one of the most widely used clustering algorithms and assigns memberships to which are inversely related to the relative distance to the point prototypes that are cluster centers in the FCM model. In order to overcome the problem of outliers in data, several models including possibilistic c-means (PCM) and possibilistic-fuzzy cmeans (PFCM) models have been proposed. In IFCM, a new measurement called intuition level is introduced so that the intuition level helps to alleviate the effect of noise. Several numerical examples are first used for experiments to compare the clustering performance of IFCM with those of FCM, PCM, and PFCM. A practical magnetic resonance image data set is then used for image segmentation experiment. Results show that IFCM compares favorably to several clustering algorithms including the SOM, FCM, CNN, PCM, and PFCM models. Since IFCM produces cluster prototypes less sensitive to outliers and to the selection of involved parameters than the other algorithms, IFCM is a good candidate for data clustering and image segmentation problems.


Abstract The process and product of communication on risks of a proposed incinerator in Winona County, Minnesota, were examined. The county's risk communication process involved constituting a citizen advisory committee, holding open meetings, and giving frequent speeches. The process allowed the public to play a role as a legitimate partner in decision‐making. However, the risk communication product was less than optimal due to its reactive, not pro‐active, treatment of the risk issue; its indirect focus on risk; and its use of a least preferred characterization of risk, which compared incineration with unrelated risks, rather than comparing the risks of alternatives under consideration.


The objective of this study was to assess undergraduate students' ability to obturate the apical third of the root canal of human maxillary incisors using the standardized technique and the step back technique as taught in the undergraduate curriculum. Twenty-six students prepared and obturated the canals of 104 extracted teeth to a given working length. The teeth were coated with nail varnish to prevent leakage and incubated for 2 wk at 37°C in Procion Brilliant Red before being evaluated for linear leakage. Adaptation of root fillings was assessed at 0.5 mm intervals from the apex in every case. There was significantly more leakage with poor adaptation when students used the step back technique compared to the standardized technique. Overfilling frequently occurred with the former method and never with the latter.


Vascular tissues in root and shoot apices, lateral buds, leaves, and petioles of florists' chrysanthemum Dendranthema grandiflora cv Pink Marble affected by chrysanthemum phloem necrosis were studied by light and electron microscopy for early evidence of disease. Specimens were taken from field-, glasshouse-, and growth-chamber-grown plants. Additionally, vascular tissues of initially uninfected cv Fanfare scions were examined after they were inoculated by grafting to infected Pink Marble stocks. Ubiquitous cytopathological features of affected tissues included (i) strongly autofluorescent clusters of obliterated young phloem; (ii) severely hypertrophied, resembling nacre, and/or collapsed mature sieve-tube elements and protophloem cells; (iii) prominent cell-wall ingrowths, similar to those of transfer cells, in phloem parenchyma and companion cells; (iv) distinct apposition formation along phloem parenchyma walls; (v) end-wall disruption of immature sieve-tube elements; and (vi) abnormally dense and darkly stained cell protoplasts. Intracellular bodies, some of which resembled mycoplasma-like organisms, were seen consistently in infected plants but infrequently in anatomically affected cells.


In the current research, a displacement-based seismic design scheme to retrofit reinforced concrete columns using FRP composite materials has been proposed. An accurate prediction for the nonlinear flexural analysis of FRP jacketed concrete members has been presented under multiaxial constitutive laws of concrete and composite materials. Through modification of the displacement coefficient method (DCM) and the direct displacement-based design method (DDM) of reinforced concrete structures, two algorithms for a performance-based seismic retrofit design of reinforced concrete columns with a FRP jacket have been newly introduced. From applications to retrofit design it is known that two methods are easy to apply in retrofit design and the DCM procedure underestimates the target displacement to compare with the DDM procedure.


This article describes how to surface immediacy issues outlined in Carkhuff's developmental helping model and engage clients in exploring the counselor-client relationship.


Nature provides living creatures with the material resources to fill up their bio needs. From that point of inception, earth has been catering to the needs of homo-sapiens but, now, it has become worn out and exhausted because of the carelessness of its inhabitants and so requires vigorous attention. Many challenges are weathering upon her and various other health issues are also balancing out the natural phenomenon. To cure and wipe out the threats posed by diseases and challenges, the first and foremost step is to diagnose the issues and cure them by creating 4wthe awareness and making effective legislation. The diagnosis will lead towards remedies. The cure can best be served collectively, by strong legislation and effective mechanism. This research paper analyses environmental issues and examines the Laws dealing with them. The methodology used in this study is doctrinal employing an exploratory approach.


A large number of smart textiles had been developed by combining the nanotechnology and the smart textile materials.The preparation of nano-intelligent textile materials was discussed;the preparation methods and the performance of nano-smart textile materials were reviewed,including superhydrophobic surfaces produced by applying a self-assembled monolayer,nano-phase change materials, nano-shape memory materials,magnetic particles nanocomposites and organic conducting textile materials.


A few green water treatment chemicals developed and applied at present are introduced.The concerned chemicals are as follows:polyasperte,natural compounds,γ-polyglutamic acid and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate.The natural amino acid gained more focus in research of water treatment chemicals among natural compounds.It is pointed out that in research of green water treatment chemicals,microbe active agent should be also paid attention to.


C A concise and practical approach for synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted oxazole has been developed via a TsOH(p-Methylbenzene sulfonic acid)/I-2-mediated tandem dehydrogenation oxidative cyclization of phenylacetylene and benzylamine. Desired products in high yields have been obtained.


— Researchers, teachers, teacher educators, and national organizations espouse the idea that children learn new concepts in concrete contexts and transfer these concepts to abstract situations. Although people can benefit from working with hands-on objects and do tend to solve problems more abstractly as they gain knowledge and experience in a domain, this does not imply that a concrete to abstract shift explains this development. In this article, an alternative theory of physically distributed learning (PDL) is presented. In PDL, learning involves changes in internal and external elements of cognitive systems. These changes occur as the internal and external elements coevolve, or change each other, over time.


: This research proposes a reliable model for identifying different construction materials with the highest accuracy, which is exploited as an advantageous tool for a wide range of construction applications such as automated progress monitoring. In this study, a novel deep learning architecture called Vision Transformer (ViT) is used for detecting and classifying construction materials. The robustness of the employed method is assessed by utilizing different image datasets. For this purpose, the model is trained and tested on two large imbalanced datasets, namely Construction Material Library (CML) and Building Material Dataset (BMD). A third dataset is also generated by combining CML and BMD to create a more imbalanced dataset and assess the capabilities of the utilized method. The achieved results reveal an accuracy of 100 percent in evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall rate, and f1-score for each material category of three different datasets. It is believed that the suggested model accomplishes a robust tool for detecting and classifying different material types. To date, a number of studies have attempted to automatically classify a variety of building materials, which still have some errors. This research will address the mentioned shortcoming and proposes a model to detect the material type with higher accuracy. The employed model is also capable of being generalized to different datasets.


with limited systemic sclerosis Dear Editor, A 40-year-old woman was referred to our department complaining of finger coldness with ulcers, and Raynaud's phenomenon that appeared 6 months previously. She noticed swelling of the left temporal region 5 months previously, but she did not have either headache or visual impairment. She currently smokes 10 cigarettes a day and has for the past 20 years. Physical examination showed ulcers on the third and fourth fingertips (Fig. 1a) and edematous swelling of the bilateral fingers and forearms. In addition, swelling without tenderness was observed on the superficial temporal artery (Fig. 1b). Laboratory tests showed normal renal and kidney function, but peripheral blood eosinophilia (35%) was observed. Serum antinuclear antibodies, myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA), proteinase3 (PR3)-ANCA, anti-Scl-70, anti-RNA polymerase 3, and anticentromere antibodies were negative. Total immunoglobulin E was within normal ranges, and serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-6 were all within normal ranges. Ultrasonography of the left temporal artery showed hypoechoic vessel wall thickening and vessel lumen occlusion. A biopsy taken from the third finger showed thickening of collagen bundles in the midto lower dermis (Fig. 1c), and another specimen from the forearm showed similar histological features. Histopathology of the temporal artery showed obliterative panarteritis with a prominent number of eosinophils, with lymphoid follicle outside of the artery (Fig. 1d, e). Elastica van Gieson stain revealed disruption of the internal elastic lamina. Immunohistochemistry showed that CD3-positive T cells were detected in the periphery and CD20-positive B cells in the center of the lymphoid follicle (Fig. 1f,g), with the latter predominance. High endothelial venules-associated pNAd (MECA-79) expression was observed within the lymphoid aggregates (Fig. 1h). After biopsy, the count of eosinophil was decreased to 17%. Juvenile temporal arteritis with eosinophilia (JTAE) is a rare vascular disease involving children or young adults. To date, only one report of JTAE and systemic sclerosis (SSc) cooccurrence has been reported; however, the detail of SSc, that is, limited or diffuse type, autoantibody, and internal organ involvement, was not described. In that case, serum IL-4 level was elevated, and the authors speculate that IL-4 may play an important role in SSc and JTAE via fibroblast proliferation and eosinophil attraction. By contrast, serum levels of IL-4 were normal in the present case. Eosinophils secrete various fibrogenic cytokines other than IL-4, including IL-13, transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b), and CCL2, which may be relevant to the induction of SSc. Our patient recognized swelling of the left forehead and Raynaud's phenomenon and finger swelling around the same time. However, eosinophil infiltration was not observed in the sclerotic skin biopsied from either finger or forearm. Abundant eosinophil accumulation in the vasculitis sites suggests the significant role of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of JTAE possibly by tissue damage via granule proteins or reactive oxygen species. Although the etiology of JTAE remains unknown, giant cell arteritis is considered to be a Th1and Th17-mediated disease. Th17 is also involved in SSc, and thus IL-17 may play an important role in the shared mechanism between JTAE and SSc and should be examined in the future. Finally, lymphoid follicle was observed in the biopsied specimen from the temple. Ectopic lymphoid neogenesis is associated with the development of high endothelial venules, which was strongly expressed in the present case, although its


The authors address peak rate enforcement in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks by pick-up policing mechanisms. Since the network cannot rely on user's compliance when declaring his traffic parameters, the policing function has been introduced to monitor the traffic characteristics of any connection. Policing mechanisms proposed in the literature are actually pick-up mechanisms since cells can pass transparently through unless a policing action was performed according to some counting process. The authors analyze the impact of the cell multiplexing jitter on policing mechanism dimensioning. Recognizing that dimensioning is a critical point for such mechanisms. It is shown that network buffer overflow cannot be avoided in certain conditions. Therefore, a new policing scheme, called cell spacing, is introduced, and two spacing algorithms are presented.<<ETX>>


Industry experts are increasingly focusing on team productivity as the key to success. The base of the team effort is the four-fold structure of software in terms of logical organisation, physical organisation, managerial organisation, and dynamical structure. In this note, we describe the ideas put into action within the CMS offline reconstruction project for organising software into sub-systems and packages. We use a structure that allows to maximise the independence of software development in individual areas, and at the same time emphasizes the over-whelming importance of the interdependencies between the packages and components in the system. We comment on release procedures, and describe the inter-relationship between release, development, and testing.


In order to study the viscoelasticity of polymer KYPAM-6A solution under the condition of reservoir,the polymer solution is prepared according to the standard of SY5523-2000.The effects of the mass concentration and the salinity and the shear angular frequency of the polymer solution on its loss modulus and storage modulus are studied.It is shown that,(1) the loss modulus and the storage modulus will increase in different degree with the increase of the mass concentration and the shear angular frequency and the decrease of the salinity;(2) the viscous flow of the polymer solution dominates at low shear angular frequency and the elastic flow of it dominates at medium-high shear angular frequency;(3) the shear angular frequency at which the polymer solution produces the conversion between viscous flow and elastic flow will increase with the increase of the mass concentration and the decrease of the salinity.


Cue combination occurs when two independent noisy perceptual estimates are merged together as a weighted average, creating a unified estimate that is more precise than either single estimate alone. Surprisingly, this effect has not been demonstrated compellingly in children under the age of 10 years, in contrast with the array of other multisensory skills that children show even in infancy. Instead, across a wide variety of studies, precision with both cues is no better than the best single cue – and sometimes worse. Here we provide the first consistent evidence of cue combination in children from 7–10 years old. Across three experiments, participants showed evidence of a bimodal precision advantage (Experiments 1a and 1b) and the majority were best-fit by a combining model (Experiment 2). The task was to localize a target horizontally with a binaural audio cue and a noisy visual cue in immersive virtual reality. Feedback was given as well, which could both (a) help participants judge how reliable each cue is and (b) help correct between-cue biases that might prevent cue combination. A feedback effect was found in Experiment 2, with children who were given single-cue feedback showing the highest rate of cue combination. Given this, we suggest that children at 7–10 years old are capable of cue combination in principle, but must have sufficient representations of reliabilities and biases in their own perceptual estimates as relevant to the task, which can be facilitated through task-specific feedback.


The interaction of couples in a marriage is everyday occurrence. Many works have been carried out manually by experts to find the factors that lead to unpromising relation. The results of each lead to large variations and cannot correctly identify the factors and predictions rate. In our proposed work we have used important features by removing the redundant features that do not contribute to the prediction by using optimized machine learning algorithm (PSO) for the standard data set available to predict the divorce rate. We have been able to achieve accuracy of 99.67%. This model can further be used to as evidences by family counselling experts on couples for psychological wellbeing.


Advancement of scientific and technological development is a key strategic factor to build capability in technology. Strengthening technological capability has been seen as a crucial element in enhancing a country s productivity and at the sa must have sufficient supply of human capital. Investment in skilled human capital is considered one of the most critical functions of long-run technological enhancement. This paper provides a discussion on human capital development setting in Malaysia. It will look at factors that have influenced the process of skills formation in the country and outline some suggestions for enhancing Malaysian talents development. It is hoped the suggestions offered would provide useful guidelines for developing and sustaining the supply of skilled human capital in achieving the aspirations of Vision 2020. © 2012 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Universiti Sains Malaysia.


This paper attempts to identify and understand the bases for workplace pedagogic practices which, it is suggested, are central to developing workplaces as effective learning environments. Initial outcomes of an investigation of guided learning in a workplace are described, highlighting how contextual factors determine the nature and quality of workplace pedagogic practices, which in turn encourage or inhibit participation in workplace learning.


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: control system has a device which can be connected to a source of electrical power and/or a water supply source. The device has connections for sensors which monitor either the presence of a user or the type of activities, or the working medium; or wire connections for signals which monitor water flow rate or electrical power consumption; a processor or control logic for processing information received through the said connections. The device monitors the working condition of the device connected to it based on the consumed power or water flow rate or temperature. The device also monitors the signal from the device which is functionally connected to the working medium of the device, such as a leakage, smoke, carbon monoxide gas, household gas signal, or a signal from a temperature sensor or some other signal associated with the working condition, type of activities of the user or presence of the user. The device has output signals for controlling operation or working electrical power or water for the device or the device transmits control signals to a local or remote communication system. The devices are interconnected in order to control operation of each other. EFFECT: high reliability of the control system and improved compatibility of the system with household appliances. 9 cl, 3 dwg


The conventional flocking formulation with velocity consensus does not apply to a group of agents moving in a bounded space as agents with a constant velocity unavoidably move out of any bounded space. In this paper, we give a generalized formulation for a rigid flock which accommodates the collective behaviors in a bounded space. Moreover, we propose an algorithm for addressing the issues caused by bouncing boundaries of a bounded space. The algorithm is verified in both numerical simulation and real experiments.


The present invention discloses a blade 0:00 backup and recovery method of a pitch system for a wind and wind pitch system. Wind pitch system comprises a pitch drive motor, a first position detector, a driver, a second position detector and a controller. Pitch drive motor through a transmission mechanism to drive the blade. It rotates the blade to the mechanical zero position, a first position detector is a position to read a first zero position value. A first drive for storing the value zero position. Rotates the blade to the mechanical zero position, the second position detector to position the read value is a second value zero position. A second controller for storing the value zero position. When receiving the corresponding backup instruction, the first zero point position value is stored in the backup drive to the controller, and the second zero position value stored in the controller is backed up to the driver.


A non-destructive bulk analytical method based on instrumental neutron activation techniques was developed to study Islamic glass weights and stamps. Three different successive irradiations are necessary. A calibration method and a calculation program have been developed in order to correct both the different observed interferences and geometrical factors. A good relationship was formed between the chronological classification of the objects and the compositional groups.


The utility model provides a turnover device of H-shaped steel, and belongs to the field of mechanical tooling machines. The turnover device is composed of two same turnover machines. The turnover machines are composed of base seats, turnover frames and motors. The turnover frames are formed to be round overturn frames by connecting of upper frames and lower frames through pin shafts. The arc peripheries of the upper frames and the lower frames are respectively provided with racks in an embedded mode, and H-shaped steel frame positions are formed between the upper frames and the lower frames. The peripheries of the overturn frames are arranged inside an arc-shaped rail of the base seat in a matching mode. The motor drives the turnover frames to rotate through the fact that a small gear of an output shaft of the motor is meshed with the racks on the peripheries of the round turnover frames. Two ends of the H-shaped steel are respectively arranged on the H-shaped steel frame positions of the two turnover machines, a synchronous motor is used in the two turnover machines to drive the two turnover frames to carry the H-shaped steel to overturn. According to the turnover device of the H-shaped steel, a traveling crane and a large amount of auxiliary labor are of no need, overturning of the H-shaped steel can be directly achieved, overturning work efficiency is high, labor force and working time are saved, safety and convenience are achieved, and the production efficiency is improved.


Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme located almost exclusively in villus tip enterocytes. Its plasma activity is enhanced by intravenous heparin which releases the enzyme from small bowel enterocytes into the blood. Plasma postheparin DAO (PHD) values have been shown to be significantly lower in patients with malabsorption and villous atrophy, thus suggesting that PHD reflects the mature enterocytic mass. In this study we have assayed PHD in five patients with small bowel lymphoma (two with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease [IPSID] and three with non‐IPSID lymphoma) associated with malabsorption syndrome and small bowel mucosa atrophy. The PHD test was performed at diagnosis, after partial or complete remission induced by chemotherapy, and during the follow‐up. The PHD values, very low at diagnosis (0.66 ± 0.12 U/ml), increased during chemotherapy and reached the normal range (< 3.7 U/ml) when complete remission occurred. The PHD values rapidly and consistently decreased whenever the disease relapsed. Our data indicate that in patients with small bowel lymphoma PHD test is a sensitive marker of small bowel mucosa damage and suggest that it could be useful in monitoring the recovery of mucosal lesions induced by chemotherapy.


This paper illustrated the recycling efforts in Egypt. In this study, we addressed the main factors that affect the willingness to recycle in Egypt. The main source of information about waste generation and willingness to recycle (socioeconomic characteristics and attitudes of the respondents towards recycling) were from interviews with 306 respondents in Egypt. The results showed that the most important factors affecting the willingness to recycle were: education, household income and knowledge about recycling. The results also showed that there is a significant effect of government policy, government financial efforts and developing the waste collection system in waste recycling. Based on these results, the government should implement comprehensive program to improve recycling. The government should take the respondents' willingness to recycle into consideration in order to improve waste management programs.


I hope that these remarks will suffice to make clear why I thought it so important to formulate the principle of induction in such a way that its meaning would express the basic regulative maxim of factual knowledge. If, in the analysis that led me to my result, I have made use of induction, such as in taking it for granted that the essential features of human knowledge will remain the same in the future as they have been in the past, I would reject the charge of vicious circularity. I was not forced to use some theory of induction as a presupposition of my account of induction. And this for the simple reason that my aim as well as my method were analytic and not inductive. I did not try to establish the certainty or probability of inductive generalization-this I had shown to be an illusory problem-but my goal was merely to analyze factual knowledge and to disclose one of its most fundamental rules of


The ionic Eu(II) complex [CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}Eu(THF)3]BPh4 was synthesized via the salt elimination reaction of [{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}Eu(μ-I)(THF)]2 and NaBPh4 in CH2Cl2. Subsequent reactions led to the Eu(II) compounds [{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}2Eu] and [{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}Eu(THF){N(PPh2)2}].


inevitably at risk since the time lag between the final version of articles and their appearance may be many months. We tend therefore to be dependent on hindsight and to plan ahead for the past! The point of this reflection is that we are in a deep recession and even the optimists amongst the forecasters see unemployment rising into 1992. All the agencies and individuals concerned with local economic development, employment creation, training etc are now experiencing severe and increasing problems. The articles in our current issue do not deal directly with the problems of recession but they raise issues of approach which are if anything reinforced by its consequences. A particular feature they have in common is their concern for "locality", for the involvement of communities, for finding ways of developing indigenous resources and talents. In this short editorial I would like to single out Nigel Meager's article on "TECs: A Revolution in Training and Enterprise, or Old Wine in New Bottles?" The TEC structures are now in place with the promise of a revolution in the approach to training and the promotion of enterprise, especially small business and self employment. Nigel Meager raises serious issues about their ability as currently structured and directed to make the kind of changes desperately needed in the UK. The journal is anxious to promote a serious debate in its columns using the experience that is now accumulating in different parts of England and Wales and also, with significant variation, in Scotland.


Real-time multiprocessor systems are now commonplace. Designs range from single-chip architectures, with a modest number of processors, to large-scale signal-processing systems, such as synthetic-aperture radar systems. For uniprocessor systems, the problem of ensuring that deadline constraints are met has been widely studied: effective scheduling algorithms that take into account the many complexities that arise in real systems (e.g., synchronization costs, system overheads, etc.) are well understood. In contrast, researchers are just beginning to understand the trade-offs that exist in multiprocessor systems. In this chapter, we analyze the trade-offs involved in scheduling independent, periodic real-time tasks on a multiprocessor.


Beginning with passions invoked by songs 'You and Me' and 'Ode to the Motherland', in the opening ceremonies of the Beijing Olympics, this paper examines sports institutions via their structures of feeling, passions connected to their reasons. War and peace and nation and state tend to dominate study of politics of sport. But here we find cities in longstanding, elective public–private partnership with professional team sports because the teams provide spectators quest for excitement, safe intensity they pursue enthusiastically. Contrast with the management motives romanticised in Moneyball enables us to see this remarkable form of desire in Katie Casey, the fictional heroine of the vaudeville classic, 'Take Me Out to the Ballgame'. While the elective anthem of the English, 'Jerusalem', reveals distinct passions – connected more closely to muscular Christianity and its moral imperialism – 'Take Me Out' suggests, as do close studies of spectators in Japan, China and elsewhere in East Asia, that a quiet politics of safe intensities vies with official efforts in China and elsewhere to enlist sport into patriotic triumphalisms. The virtual contest between Olympism and professional team sports is thus another tension line along which the future of China and East Asia is being fashioned.


Production of γ-decalactone by yeasts from fatty acids has been reported but little is known about the mechanisms involved in this process. This paper provides information about the mechanisms involved in the production of γ-decalactone by Pichia guilliermondii in the presence of a fatty acid methyl ester. Culturing of P. guilliermondii in media containing methyl ricinoleate (12(R)-hydroxy-9(Z)-octadecenoic acid) revealed a coordinated induction of β-oxidation activities and γ-decalactone production. However, no γ-decalactone synthesis was noted when methyl ricinoleate was changed into methyloleate or methyl linoleate, even though these fatty acid methyl esters are able to induce β-oxidation activities in P. guilliermondii. These observations led us to conclude that methyl ricinoleate is an inducer of β-oxidation and is probably the substrate for γ-decalactone production. The fatty acid ester β-oxidation should be involved, at least in part, in this production.


N RECENT YEARS the theory of art, and in particular the theory of literature, has moved away from an earlier inclination, rooted perhaps in the philosophy of Dilthey, to regard our understanding of works of art as historically freefloating and freely reinterpretable from age to age. Instead, it has been more eager to insist with Hegel1 and the elder Schlegel2 that the phenomenon of art cannot be understood except by situating its works in their own times. This return to sanity need not be motivated here,3 but two issues do need to be settled if content with the restoration of the ancien regime is to endure.


We simulated changes in allele frequency at the dieldrin resistance locus observed in field populations of Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) by using computer models with parameters for selection, refugia, and migration. Dieldrin was introduced to control L. cuprina in Australia in 1955; resistant individuals were first observed at high frequency in 1957. The frequency of resistant individuals has declined since the chemical was withdrawn for control in 1958. Both the increase and decrease phases were simulated. Empirical measurements of fitness, migration, and the number of generations per year are available. Refugia and the number of treatments per year are the most important factors in slowing the evolution of resistance in this system. The simulation showed that, if there is strong overwintering selection against resistance, the evolution of resistance could be slowed if part of the population is deliberately left in refugia from insecticide use. The results emphasize that the predictions of general models must be interpreted in a system-specific manner.


The selectivity of the catalytic reaction between aniline and ethylene in the presence of the Brunet catalyst (PtBr2/Br–) shifts from the hydroamination product N-ethylaniline to the heterocyclization product 2-methylquinoline (quinaldine) when conducted in the presence of PPh3 (1 equiv per Pt atom). Condition optimization revealed that this process works best in the absence of any halide salt additive, that it is essentially insensitive to the nature of the halide in PtX2, that the best promoter in the PMexPh3–x series is PPh3 when used in strictly stoichiometric amounts, and that the 4-RC6H5NH2 (R = nBu, Cl, OMe, NMe2) substrates are equally converted albeit less efficiently. Slight dilution of the system with THF or toluene slightly improves the activity, and a kinetic profile shows the presence of an induction phase and a deactivating step, which however does not involve reduction to metallic platinum contrary to the PPh3-free Brunet catalyst. Mechanistic considerations are presented.


In this research work, we advise gateway based energy-efficient routing protocol (M-GEAR) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We divide the sensor nodes into four logical regions on the basis of their location in the sensing field. We install Base Station (BS) out of the sensing area and a gateway node at the centre of the sensing area. If the distance of a sensor node from BS or gateway is less than predefined distance threshold, the node uses direct communication. We divide the rest of nodes into two equal regions whose distance is beyond the threshold distance. We select cluster heads (CHs)in each region which are independent of the other region. These CHs are selected on the basis of a probability. We compare performance of our protocol with LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). Performance analysis and compared statistic results show that our proposed protocol perform well in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime.


A kinetic approach is used to develop a theory of electrostatic probes in a fully ionized plasma in the presence of a magnetic field. A consistent asymptotic expansion is obtained assuming that the electron Larmor radius is small compared to the radius of the probe. The order of magnitude of neglected terms is given. It is found that the electric potential within the tube of force defined by the cross section of the probe decays non-mono tonic ally from the probe; this bump disappears at a certain probe voltage and the theory is valid up to this voltage. The transition region, which extends beyond plasma potential, is not exponential. The possible saturation of the electron current is discussed. Restricted numerical results are given; they seem to be useful for weaker magnetic fields down to the zero-field limit. Extensions
of the theory a r e considered.


Cognitive self-regulation is regarded as necessary for enhancing academic success and the possibility of lifelong learning. This study, based on 263,683 Italian 10th-grade students, examines the use of self-regulated cognitive strategies in immigrant and native students, as well as in boys and girls. Preliminarily, we examined the psychometric properties and measurement invariance across the groups of the short four-factor scale adopted. Immigrant students report less use of self-regulated cognitive strategies than natives and that this use diminishes from one generation of immigrants to the next. Also boys report lower levels of cognitive self-regulation than girls. On the whole, these findings indicate that male and immigrant students systematically use less self-regulated cognitive strategies in studying. Improvements in their cognitive self-regulation should therefore increase the chances of academic success in these groups of students, which tend to have lower performances at school across the industrialized countries.


We have applied the terahertz wave irradiation to an experimental transplanted prostate cancer model mouse using the gyrotron. We irradiated the 107 or 203 GHz wave (22.56W/cm2 × 20 min = 27,180 J/cm2), resepectively, against the tumor model BALB-c-nu/nu strain, mail, 12 week old mouse at 43 degree C, which to rising time for 10 min and to keeping the temperature at 43 degree C for 10 min, respectively. The cancer model sizes (axbxcxπ/6 mm3) were measured every day before and after the treatment. In the results, the irradiation anti-tumor effect by the both wave numbers of 203 and 107 GHz for the cancer was found in the case of the transplanted tumor with a cultivated human adenoma cell (PC-3) to decrease more than thousand times comparing the control.


Teaching Point: Lymphomatous involvement of the skeletal muscle is rare; however, because lymphoma can be treated with chemotherapy, it is crucial to consider it in the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue mass in the appropriate clinical and imaging setting.


We have acquired thermal infrared emission spectra of four Martian meteorite samples, ALH77005, Nakhla, Zagami, and EET79001, representing three major lithologies (Iherzolite, clinopyroxenite, and basalt). The spectra of these meteorites are significantly different from each other, and we can distinguish the three lithologies easily on the basis of their spectral morphologies. Using a linear deconvolution model, the modal mineralogies of ALH77005, Nakhla, and Zagami were derived from their spectra to within 2–19% of the modes derived by optical methods. For Zagami and EET79001, the correct mineral types were identified as present using the linear method, although an exact spectral match using available end-member spectra was not obtained, probably due to the lack of a pigeonite end-member spectrum or shock effects in the meteorites. The meteorite spectra we have acquired will be used for comparison with data to be returned by the thermal emission spectrometer (TES) on the Mars Global Surveyor orbiter and would also be useful for comparing to future rover- or lander-based thermal IR spectra. Based on our results, comparisons of mineral end-member and meteorite spectra with TES spectra of coarse regolith and rocky regions should aid identification and mapping of Martian surface lithologies and unit mineralogy.


We report on a study of Al and Ti/Al contacts to n-type GaN. Al contacts on n-GaN (7×1017 cm−3) annealed in forming gas at 600 °C reached a minimum contact resistivity of 8×10−6 Ω cm2 and had much better thermal stability than reported by previous researchers. Ti/Al (35/115 nm) contacts on n-GaN (5×1017 cm−3) had resistivities of 7×10−6 and 5×10−6 Ω cm2 after annealing in Ar at 400 °C for 5 min and 600 °C for 15 s, respectively. Depth profiles of Ti/Al contacts annealed at 400 °C showed that low contact resistance was only achieved after Al diffused to the GaN interface. We propose that the mechanism for Ohmic contact formation in Ti/Al contacts annealed in the 400–600 °C range includes Ti reducing the GaN native oxide and an Al–Ti intermetallic coming into intimate contact with the GaN.


In this paper, a model for fracture and fragmentation, considering the heterogeneity of material properties, is employed to investigate the mechanism of spallation in fiber-reinforced concrete with various fiber and aggregate contents under impact loading. Numerical simulations show that there is a marked difference in the failure patterns among concretes with various fiber and aggregate contents, and the fibers can remarkably improve the tensile strength of the concrete, effectively preventing the initiation and propagation of cracks and inhibiting the occurrence of spallation. Moreover, numerical simulations capture the whole process of the propagation of incident compressive stress waves in the fiber reinforced concrete and the reflection of stress wave on concrete surface and the spallation failure of fiber-reinforced concrete induced by the reflected tensile stress wave, which is obviously different from the failure pattern of fiber reinforced concrete under static loads. The results in this study can provide some valuable reference for studies on the tensile properties and failure modes of heterogeneous quasi-brittle materials.


The Manchu studies in China have made great progress in recent twenty years,which could be proved by abundant achievements,innovation of research way,foundation of research institute,cultivation of researcher,international academic exchange,and etc.In order to sum up the course of Manchu studies,exchange the latest achievements and promote further progress,from the 21st to 23rd,September,2006,the First Peak Forum of Manchu Study of China was held in Dalian,which was hosted by Nationality Research Institute of Liaoning Province,Dalian Nationalities University and Manchu Language and Culture Research Center of Heilongjiang University.More than eighty scholars from various provinces of China and Japanese attended the forum,in which they discussed widely and deeply the essential issues of this field.The forum is an important conference in the development of Manchu studies which will exert far-reaching influence on the future of Manchu studies of China and even of the world.


A comparative analysis on the antiviral activities of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of three Nigerian plants which were used traditionally to treat illnesses were evaluated against an avian virus. The plant extracts of Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst, ex A.DC., Quisqualis indica A.L., and Aframomum melegueta K, Schum. were screened for their activities against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The assay was performed in ten day old embryonated chicken eggs by chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the allantoic sac inoculation. The viral replication in the tests and controls were estimated by haemagglitination assay of harvested allantoic fluid. The percentage inhibition of aqueous extracts concentrations of 400mg/ml, 200mg/ml and 100mg/ml of Diospyros mespiliformis (DM) on the virus (NDV) were 91.0%, 86.0% and 85.0%, respectively. Quisquali indica (QI) yielded 50.0%, 50.0% and 43.0% respectively, whereas Aframomum melegueta (AM) achieved 86.0%, 50.0% and 50.0% respectively. Similarly, the percentage inhibitions of the ethanolic extracts were DM: 95.0%, 90.5% and 89.0%; QI: 86.0%, 50.0% and 50.0%; AM: 89.0%, 86.0% and 50.0% respectively. The percentage inhibition of methanolic extracts were DM: 100.0%, 92.8% and 90.5%; QI: 94.6%, 90.5% and 42.6%; AM: 95.05%, 87.5% and 50.0% respectively. The extracts of Diospyros mespiliformis exhibited a better antiviral result in aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic conditions when compared to Quisqualis indica and Aframomum melegueta. The phytochemical analysis of crude extract of Diospyros mespiliformis and fractions exhibited the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Triterpenes, Flavonoids and Cyanogenic glycosides. These results obtained in this study suggest that Diospyros mespiliformis could be a potential candidate in the management of Newcastle diseases affecting the poultry industry. However, the active components responsible for the antiviral activity need to be evaluated.


Human rights legal legalization is often the declaration of political principles and the human rights principles in the Constitution at first,then gradually build a human rights legal system.From the world,at first,there is national human rights legislation and further develop international human rights legislation,in turn,promote domestic human rights law.Human rights and the rule of law are inseparable.Human rights are the core of the rule of law and fundamental values,rule of law is the embodiment of human rights and protection.Efforts to achieve and improve human rights law only better protect and fulfill human rights and comprehensively develop human rights.


In this paper are presented the data of the floristic survey of the family Tectariaceae in the "Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI)". The family is represented in the area by three genera (Ctenitis, Lastreopsis, and Megalastrum) and seven species: three of Ctenitis (C. aspidioides (C. Presl) Copel., C. distans (Brack) Ching, and C. falciculata (Raddi) Ching), one of Lastreopsis (L. amplissima (C. Presl) Tindale), and three of Megalastrum (M. albidum R.C. Moran et al., M. connexum (Kaulf.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran, and M. crenulans (Fee) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran). Identification keys for genera and species, as well as descriptions, geographical distribution, comments, and illustrations for some studied taxa are presented.


This article offers a critique of some recent work on gender, which, influenced by the linguistic turn, over-states the historical significance of identity. Drawing on the work of the First World War tank commander and later Kleinian psychoanalyst Wilfred Bion, the article offers some suggestions about what a history of masculinity in the First World War might look if emotional experience, rather than "identity," was at the centre of study. Focusing on two men, one an officer and Regular soldier, the other a rank-and-file Volunteer, the article explores the emotional impact of the war on the domestic lives of veterans. The war, it argues, drew men into relationships of care that had traditionally been women's domain; in the process creating both a crisis and an opportunity for subjectivity. Many men returned home after the war with practical and emotional capacities that challenged traditional ideals of the "soldier hero." Simultaneously, however, the widespread distress of veterans meant that women tended to be drawn back into traditional feminine roles, as nurses and mothers.


Philosophy of religion is a popular area of study with a lot of underexplored potential. For many students, as well as members of the public, it is the area of philosophy that deals most explicitly with the "big questions" that engage them directly. But a preoccupation with overly technical argumentation and decontextualized examples of religious beliefs can be off-putting. In this article, I discuss broader and narrower visions of philosophy of religion, outlining what needs to be included in any introductory course while also exploring ways of diversifying the syllabus and deepening approaches to existing topics for more advanced-level students. Without overlooking the risks of spreading the content too thinly, I highlight how increased interdisciplinarity and greater cross-cultural awareness can enliven the subject.


These field notes and commentary are part of the project that culminated in a paper titled "How does It Feel to Be a Problem? The Diasporic Identity of the Homeless." The project was an exploratory research into the homeless identity, where besides the in-depth interviews with homeless people chosen from homeless shelters across Southern Illinois, I conducted ethnographic field research through passive and semi-participatory observation of various shelters across Southern Illinois. The research project was reviewed and approved by the Southern Illinois University, Carbondale's Human Subjects Committee.


The paper presents data on the production of silver nanoparticles and their stabilization by products of the mechanoenzymatic hydrolysis of yeast biomass. The formation of silver nanoparticles by reduction using glucose without the addition of stabilizers was studied. The particles obtained have a spherical shape and a narrow size distribution. The resulting colloid is unstable and precipitates after 3-5 hours due to aggregation of unstabilized particles. Polymers contained in yeast hydrolyzates were selected taking into account silver particles nucleation mechanism. The protein molecules of these hydrolysates are involved in the formation of salts and the stabilization of the resulting dendrites. Low-molecular carbohydrates play the role of a reducing reagent. The peak on the Vis spectrum at 420 nm attributed to particles with dimensions of about 50 nm gives evidence that these dendritic formations are nanostructured. It was shown that mechanical activation together with enzymatic hydrolysis promotes an increase in the concentration of carbonyl groups of carbohydrates leading to an increase in the regenerating ability of the cell wall. The varying the processing conditions one can get silver particles in the range of 15-80 nm. Changes in silver reduction in the liquid phase in the presence of cell hydrolysis products were detected. Part of the carbohydrates as a result of hydrolysis becomes water soluble and is extracted into the solution. This leads to the fact that in the extracellular space also undergo reduction processes. In general, samples of the mechanically processed and hydrolyzed enzyme product have a greater reducing ability compared with the original cells. The quantity of spatially stabilized nanoparticles is larger than when processing native S. cerevisiae cells.


In ad hoc networks (MANETs), wireless nodes spontaneously collaborate to route packets among a multi-hop and versatile topology. While such networks have originaly been considered as autarkical systems, it becomes clear that there is a growing interest in connecting them to the Internet. In such a hybrid ad hoc network, one or more nodes act as gateways to the outside world. This situation requires the use of a global addressing scheme in order to allow end-to-end communications between MANET nodes and correspondents in the Internet. In this paper, we present and evaluate an IPv6 address autoconfiguration protocol based on the original concept of prefix continuity. This feature ensures that there exists, between a node N and its gateway G, a path of nodes such that all nodes on this path use the same IPv6 prefix than N and G. As a result, all the nodes of a given sub-network form a logical tree rooted at the sub- network's gateway, and in which all nodes share an identical IPv6 prefix. In a multiple-gateways and multiple-prefixes environment, our protocol proactively and dynamically reacts to topological changes in order to maintain the prefix continuity of each sub- network.


Abstract - The 'SCS437 Catarina' sour passion fruit ( Passiflora edulis Sims.) is the result of more than twenty cycles of breeding and population maintenance done by researchers of Epagri – Experimental Station of Urussanga, in partnership with agricultural extension agents and passion fruit producers, in the south coast of the Santa Catarina State – Brazil. The cultivar is highly adapted to the Santa Catarina coastline region and can be cultivated in southern Brazil, in areas with low risk of frosts. The average productivity of the orchards of this cultivar in the South of Santa Catarina is 24 t ha -1 . The fruits are large and oval and have yellow peel and orange flesh coloration.  They are destined to the fresh fruit consumption and presents high quality and acceptance in the Brazilian market.


Augmented and Virtual Reality (AR/VR) are disruptive technologies poised to become the next generation compute platforms. It represents a merging of the physical and the digital domains into a rich, context aware and accessible user interface delivered in real-time through a socially acceptable form factor. Innovations in the key technical areas of Power/Performance, Form Factor, and Thermal are essential to produce all-day wearable AR products. We present a research prototype sensor SoC, optimized for AR/VR and Smartglasses prototypes, aiming at reducing future product size and power. It allows substantial computational capabilities, through specialized accelerators, at very low power levels. It is architected to allow data locality and reuse, as well as power efficient data movement.


This study is concerned with experiments for the relation of solid particle erosion (SPE) and the nozzle profiles. The exfoliated scale from boiler tubing results in hard particles that erode steam turbine components, especially on the control stage nozzles of high parameters turbine. To characterize SPE, solid particle trajectory is measured using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and its relation with the erosion rate of the nozzle surfaces is correlated. In addition, erosion characteristic of nozzle material is investigated by experiments and results reveal that the erosion rate is directly proportional to the impacting velocity of particles with the power of 2.31 and the maximum erosion rate is taken place at the impact angle of 20–25 degree. Furthermore, 0.5% increase in the erosion rate for every one degree of steam temperature rise is observed in the range of 839K∼883K. The erosion rate of front-loaded nozzle A is 2∼3 times higher than that of conventional design nozzle B. The life cycle of nozzle is determined by the erosion of outlet edge, and the life of nozzle B is about 5 times as long as the life of nozzle A. Based on the relation of erosion rate and nozzle profile characteristic, it can be inferred that a aft-loaded nozzle with a contoured endwall substituting a planar endwall may outperform over other nozzle profiles in anti-SPE, prolonging the life cycle of the nozzle.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


'No grain, no gain.' This was the theme of a presentation made by Jannie de Villiers at the SA Feedlot Association's recent congress in March. There hardly is a more appropriate topic in South African agriculture. The maize industry has entrenched itself in the livestock industry and a maizeless future for the livestock industry would probably be a profitless one.


Technology and cultural advances affect the growth and the experiences of children and significantly affect their reader-writer learning. It is important to generate an analytical-reflective reading to allow correctly interpreting what the author wanted to capture in a text. Thus, reading and writing are basic tools for learning and the integral formation of the students, the main routes of access to knowledge and culture. Digital-media type formation, should be handled by those who are part of the community, because growing up in a world full of media significantly affects both reading and writing capacity of those who operate in this area. There is a positive academic performance which generates a proper handling of the various digital media type that is emerging. Reflection and analysis is needed against the incorporation of ICT not only in classrooms but also in the everyday life of each person. These points must be taken into account in the formation of reader-writer students, reaching positive achievements in them.


The tension between markets and democracy is an enduring theme in studies of Latin American political economy.2 Early theorizing suggested a positive correlation between economic growth and the spread of democracy (Lipset, 1960: 24-63).3 Subsequent work on Latin America challenged this by interpreting the rise of bureaucratic-authoritarian regimes to be part of the distinctive developmental trajectory of Latin America (O'Donnell, 1973, 1988). However, this perspective failed to anticipate the breakdown of authoritarian rule and transitions toward more democratic regimes in the 1980s, a period marked by severe economic stagnation and declining income per capita in the region. It would appear that oscillationsbetween democracy and authoritarianism are endemic to Latin America.


Sufficient conditions are presented for the limiting normality of sequences of discrete random variables possessing unimodal distributions. The conditions are applied to obtain normal approximations directly for the hypergeometric distribution and the stationary distribution of a special birth-death process.


Aim:  Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound can be used to assess liver disease severity non‐invasively by observing intra‐ and extrahepatic hemodynamic changes. Transit times are calculated to include intra‐ and extrahepatic components (hepatic vein transit time, HVTT) or the intrahepatic component (hepatic transit time, HTT), but these have not been compared directly. We aimed to compare diagnostic accuracy of HVTT and HTT in gauging the severity of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to assess inter‐ and intra‐observer reliability.


Recent discussions of the scientist/practitioner schism in clinical psychology have begun to take note of the epistemology of practice. This article focuses on the far-reaching implications of a very specific aspect of psychotherapy practice—the uncovering of concealed clinical phenomena. These phenomena are both ubiquitous and inaccessible to conventional research methods, leaving the profession in an epistemological dilemma. Using the extensive philosophical analysis of the nature of testimony by the Australian philosopher C. A. J. Coady, It is shown that such anecdotal data are not necessarily invalid (as is often asserted) and may be legitimately used in constructing the knowledge base for the profession of clinical psychology. At the same time, this analysis points the way to new forms of research collaboration between researchers and clinicians in psychology.


ABSTRACT A quantitative-competitive PCR for the quantification of porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) was developed. The virus was detected in a variety of pig organs (including potential xenotransplant donations), with viral loads ranging from <10 to 97 genome copies/μg of DNA. This assay will have significant utility for studying the activation and replication of PCMV and in swine models for allo- and xenotransplantation.


The article presents the results of research and development works and analyses the results in order to develop an ecological lubricant for use in food industry equipment. The research was carried out as part of a project undertaken by a scientific and industrial consortium. While the specialized lubricants were composed, particular attention was paid to the selection of components, taking into account both their functional and ecological properties. A vegetable oil and a mixture of vegetable and synthetic oil were used as the dispersion phase for the preparation of lubricants. Prior to the verification of the quality of developed lubricants in operation, oxidation stability and lubricating properties were tested in model experimental studies. The lubrication properties of the developed greases under operating conditions were verified. The properties of the developed lubricants have been verified in extreme operating conditions, namely, high dust environments, moisture, the presence of water. As a result, greases resistant to the oxidation process and with favourable anti-seizure and anti-wear properties have been developed.


Ma-Tsu, though not well known in Buddhist studies in the West, played an eminent role in the foundation of Ch'an. The sayings recorded in this volume are considered jewels of Ch'an literature, provocative and truly important.


We investigated the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between the resilience and anxiety of new recruits to the Chinese military during COVID-19. We conducted a routine psychological assessment of 665 new recruits and the results indicated that resilience had a
 negative impact on anxiety symptoms and that social support mediated this association. Our findings suggest that improving the resilience of new recruits and strengthening their social support systems during the COVID-19 pandemic could effectively reduce their anxiety and improve their psychological
 health during the military adaptation period.


Summary: Recently, we reported the spectroscopic and kinetic characterizations of P450 compound I in CYP119A1, effectively closing the catalytic cycle of cytochrome P450 mediated hydroxyla-tions. This mini-review focuses on the developments that made this breakthrough possible. It examines the importance of enzyme purification in the quest for reactive intermediates and reports the preparation of compound I in a second P450 (P450 ST ). In an effort to bring clarity to the field, we also examine the validity of contro-versial reports claiming the production of P450 compound I through the use of peroxynitrite and laser-flash photolysis. to these efforts is preparation reactive


The aim of this study was to investigate the possible oxidative stress and the antioxidant response, which were caused on maize by boron (B). For this, 11- and 15-day-old maize seedlings were subjected to 2 or 4 mM B in the form of boric acid (H3BO3) for 2 and/or 6 days. At the end of the treatment period, root length, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) were measured. The results revealed that root length of plants, activity of antioxidative enzymes such as SOD, POX and CAT and also H2O2 contents and MDA levels were seriously affected by excess B. These results suggested that the oxidative stress occurred due to the toxic effect of B.


Obesity is a risk factor for asthma, but the mechanisms are unclear. Childhood-obesity is suggested to be the link between very low birth weight (VLBW) and chronic diseases in adults. Thus, we hypo ...


This paper investigates the reverse recovery behaviour of a SiC MOSFET intrinsic/body diode and compares the diode's performance with similarly rated SiC Schottky diodes at different temperatures. A circuit level analytical modelling approach is proposed for rapid and accurate predictions of switching transients and losses. The analytical models were solved numerically using MATLAB and the results showed a very good match with the experiments and LTSpice simulations. The proposed models were more accurate than LTSpice models in predicting the switching losses and required one third of the computation time. It was found that using the SiC MOSFET's body diode could increase the MOSFET turn on losses by 35% to 79% as its junction temperature increases from 25°C to 125°C (600V 20A switching operation). This is due to the reverse recovery charge and higher junction capacitance of the body diode. This is in contrast with a Schottky diode which exhibits switching characteristics which have little variation with temperature. A detailed breakdown of MOSFET switching losses is also presented to quantify the losses due to reverse recovery and device and circuit parasitic capacitances, which shows that the reverse recovery of the body diode is responsible for 3% and 23% of the total switching losses at 25°C and 125°C, respectively. A SiC Schottky diode is connected across the body diode to suppress the reverse recovery effect and the experimental results showed the performance benefit of this configuration over a wide range of temperatures and load currents.


The aim of this article is to explain the demarcation and dividing up of land in polish civil
law, and also the meaning of the property line. This publication shows not only previously presented concepts regarding the aforementioned matter, but also the author's private opinion


Objective To build "No.1 Military Medical Project"Oracle disaster tolerance system.Methods Oracle Dataguard database was built by tool of Rman,to realize the redundant reliability and the high security of "No.1 Military Medical Project"Oracle Database.Results Oracle Dataguard could enhance the security and usability of "NO.1 Military Medical Project" Oracle Database.Conclusion The method is simple,esay to operate and suitable for application.


Six hundred and seventy four dyspeptic patients with heartburn and/or epigastric pain as their predominant symptom and who had no proven abnormality (e.g. proven peptic ulcer) to explain their symptoms were blindly randomised to either omeprazole 10mg om or Gaviscon' liquid 1Oml qid for 4 weeks in an open label parallel group study with assessments after 2 and 4 weeks. The primary efficacy variable, percentage of patients with complete symptom relief, was compared between the two groups. Other efficacy variables included the percentage of patients with sufficient symptom control (maximum of 1 day of mild symptoms per week), patients' quality of life (psychological general well -being (PGWB) index and the gastrointestinal subjective rating scale (GSRS)) and patients' subjective assessment of their treatment. complete symptom relief sufficient symptom control % at 2 wks % at 4 wks %at2wks %at4wks Omeprazole 27 41 39 50 Gaviscon 8 16 17 23 p-Values < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Comparisons of quality of life scores between treatments significantly favoured the omeprazole group at 2 and 4 weeks for the PGWB (p = 0.0002; p = 0.0009 respectively) and the GSRS (both p < 0.0001). For subjective assessments of treatments, at 2 and 4 weeks, a significantly greater proportion of patients rated omeprazole to be more effective in symptom relief (both p = 0.0001) and more convenient to use (both p = 0.0001) compared to Gaviscon. This study demonstrates that, compared to Gaviscon 1 Oml qid, omeprazole 1Omg om is significantly more effective in the management of dyspepsia symptoms and is the patients' preferred treatment.


A computation fluid-coupled discrete phase model (CFD-DPM) was used to predict the motion characteristics of gas, particle, and liquid phases in the hot metal ladle. The influence of different voltage loading modes, voltage values, and powder injection speeds on the particle motion trail was investigated, while the effects on the particle concentration maximum difference in the stagnation region were discussed. The optimal injection and voltage parameters were proposed. The results are shown as follows: the loading voltage before injection is beneficial to the diffusion of particles in the molten pool. With the increase of voltage and injection speed, the distribution of particles in the upper part of the molten iron tends to be uniform. The bottom of the ladle is the stagnation region. Optimum voltage and injection speed were determined. Under the optimum conditions, particles are evenly dispersed and the particle concentration difference in the stagnation region is small. This research work will benefit greatly to the hot metal ladle desulfurization technology.


Target pose is helpful for maneuvering target tracking system to improve its global performance, but currently it is hardly used. One important reason is that there is short of a suitable pose measurement method. For the reason, a dynamic-template-library (DTL) based method to measure the pose angles of maneuvering target is presented in the paper. It synthetically uses target motion data from radar and image from CCD tracking system to effectively measure target pose by the template matching between the image from CCD and the template in DTL. Therein, the DTL is generated by the technology of visual simulation, and every template in the DTL is a projective shape of virtual 3D target with a different possible pose, where the virtual target is modeled according to the 3D geometric data of real target. To reduce the size of DTL and to improve matching efficiency, target trajectory and particle filter are used to predict target current pose. The characters of the method are: it can aim at uncooperative target and avoids the magnitude of static-template-library and corresponding complicated computation. A simulation shows that it is effective in obtaining target pose. It will have potential important value for maneuvering target tracking system in real battlefield.


This chapter links ideas about a key issue and a major factor in successful implementation of effective science education in Africa. It presents the Kenyan case as a prototypical African country. While located in the sub-Saharan region, Kenya shares similar national development plans and dreams as well as socio-economic conditions as most African countries. In this work, the current status of science education in Kenya [Africa] is explained, and a blueprint for successful science education relevant to any country in Africa is presented. This chapter argues for contextual and practical approaches to enhancing science teacher effectiveness. It is anticipated that discussions of this work will generate debate within and about science education in Africa and hopefully ignite cross border research on teachers and the teaching of science. Also, the question of quality science education in Africa and elsewhere will be raised locally and internationally.


S1 Engineering the Redox Potential over a Wide Range within a New Class of FeS Proteins John A. Zuris, Danny A. Halim, Andrea R. Conlan, Edward C. Abresch, Rachel Nechushtai, Mark L. Paddock, Patricia A. Jennings* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Israel 91904


Reposting plays an essential role in visibility boosting in online social networks (OSNs). In this paper, we study the problem of designing "reposting service" in an OSN to incentivize "transactions" between requesters (users who seek to enhance visibility) and suppliers (users who are willing to repost if certain incentives are given), and maximize the welfare increase accumulated through a given time horizon. We formulate a mathematical model for reposting which captures various factors like click through rates (CTRs), requesters' valuations and suppliers' costs. We formulate the problem of maximizing the welfare increase via judiciously assigning suppliers to requesters from two aspects: (a) "user-centric" and (b) "platform-centric". The user-centric aspect deals with the situation where requesters and suppliers would collaborate and share valuations and costs. To address the challenge of unknown CTRs, we propose an online learning protocol and achieve a sub-linear regret. The platform-centric aspect corresponds to the scenario where users keep their valuations or costs private. To address the challenges of unknown CTR, valuations and costs, we design an "explore-then-commit" online protocol which can be proved to be truthful. Lastly, we conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed protocols.


Abstract : Over the past decade, considerable effort has been devoted to the analysis and design of feedback controllers for systems characterized by uncertain dynamic descriptions, and both frequency-domain and time-domain techniques have been produced by these studies. In this document, additional aspects of the analysis and design problems are investigated. Techniques are derived to enhance the frequency-domain analysis of perturbed systems and to generalize the time-domain concept of self-tuning control to multivariable systems. The first part of this document addresses the problem of generating an accurate description of frequency response uncertainty for systems whose models are generated via system identification. Finite weighting sequence models are found to be particularly useful for this purpose. Techniques are derived to quantify the variability of the frequency response estimates associated with the given model, to identify the optimal truncation level for the specified identification test, and to assess the impact of the bias introduced by truncation. The second part considers the use of multivariable weighting sequences in the development of on-line computer-implemented control algorithms.


Objective: To measure the serum levels of RANKL and osteoprotegerin(OPG) in patients of diabetes mellitus with or without periodontitis,and to explore the relationship between alveolar bone destruction and RANKL/OPG concentration.Methods: The levels of serum RANKL and OPG were compared among health(H),periodontitis(P),diabetes mellitus(DM) and DM+P groups including blood test and periodontal examination.Results: In periodontitis group,OPG was significantly lower,RANKL was slightly increased,RANKL/OPG ratio was higher(P0.05);in diabetes group,OPG was significantly higher(P0.05),RANKL had almost no change,and RANKL/OPG ratio was decreased(P0.05);in diabetes with periodontitis group,both RANKL and OPG were increased(P0.05),but the ratio was reduced(P0.05).In diabetes group and diabetes with periodontitis group,OPG was significantly higher(P0.05),RANKL/OPG ratio was decreased compared to periodontitis group(P0.05);fasting blood glucose was positively correlated to attachment loss and OPG levels(P0.05),and negatively correlated to RANKL/OPG ratio.Conclusion: The cause of diabetes and periodontitis in the change of RANKL/OPG ratio was different;the changes of RANKL and OPG concentrations in diabetes and periodontal patients suggest unknown bone resorption mechanism.


Rhode Island, New Zealand, and southern California recently reported sharp increases in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Health department officials stated that these increases appeared to be due to the more widespread use of social media like Tinder, Grindr, and Facebook, which allow users to readily connect with and meet others. The purpose of this study was to see if U.S. states that have more users of social networking sites, dating sites, and dating apps like Match.com, Ashley Madison, Our Time, Down Dating, Bumble, Zoosk, Hinge, Score, At First Sight, Plenty of Fish, Eharmony, Adult Friend Finder, Tinder, Grindr, and Facebook have more cases of STDs after controlling for population, race, age, income, education, and population density. It was found that states with more users of Match.com, OKCupid, and Down Dating had a larger number of cases of STDs, while states with more users of Our Time, Ashley Madison, Facebook, How About We, Hinge, Adult Friend Finder, Grindr, Bumble, Score, Tinder, and At First Sight had fewer cases of STDs. While social networking sites make it easier for individuals to be exposed to an STD since in-network individuals may share an STD, many sites either attract individuals who are not interested in a short-term sexual relationship or who take precautions to avoid contracting an STD.


Articulated machine for making ice curtain consists of two parts, i.e., upper and lower portions, the upper portion hingedly connected to an upper portion of the machine, the lower portion includes a bottom edge and two-piece curtain is pivotally mounted to the machine the lower portion or lower portion of the water curtain. Discloses a two-stage or ice machine using a two-part articulated water curtain.


All abdominal operations which involve section of the peritoneum are in a measure exploratory. The parts we seek are out of sight, and it is only from the signs, symptoms and history of the case that we can make a diagnosis; and the diagnosis warranting it, we are justified in entering the cavity. We are justified in entering the abdominal cavity, I say, for in the present light of antiseptic surgery, and with the statistics which we have to-day of successful laparotomies, hesitation on the part of the surgeon to attempt e.g. to free an obstructed intestine when the symptoms pointing to it are manifest; or to proceed to surgical interference in a case of appendicitis when the indications for such interference are clear; or to explore in cases of abdominal tumors where diagnosis is probable and the life of the patient is endangered; or


Abstract : The design of the telemetry and command antennas for the Atmospheric Composition Satellite (ATCOS) is presented. Radiation patterns, impedance, and bandwidth are presented for each of the five radio frequency links which were used on the ATCOS. Three of the links are on separate antenna systems while two links are diplexed on a single antenna system. (Author)


The objective of this paper is to introduce an approach to the study of the nonasymptotic distribution of prime numbers. The natural numbers are represented by theorem 1 in the matrix form ^2N. The first column of the infinite matrix ^2N starts with the unit and contains all composite numbers in ascending order.The infinite rows of this matrix except for the first elements contain prime numbers only, which are determined by an uniform recurrence law. At least one of the elements of the twin pairs of prime numbers is an element of the second column of the matrix ^2N (theorem 3). The basic information on the nonasymptotic prime number distribution is contained in the distribution of the elements of the second column of the matrix ^2N.


Virtual network operators may distrust each other and require that their virtual infrastructure is not cohosted on the same physical equipment. In this paper, we formulate a virtual network embedding problem that maximizes the total revenue where conflicting virtual network operators utilize distinct physical devices. Virtual links in our model have the option of selecting among a range of discrete bandwidth values, which have a corresponding price. This way, any revenue function can be realized. We evaluate the performance of our model by comparing it with a fixed bandwidth scheme and demonstrate its superior performance in terms of revenue.


ALTHOUGH meningococcal disease is presently uncommon in the United States, the suddenness and severity with which it strikes and its epidemic potential frequently produce considerable anxiety in patient contacts. This may lead concerned physicians to take measures that are inappropriate or unnecessary. A recent editorial 1 defines in detail the type of contact associated with increased risk and reviews the prophylactic measures appropriate for reducing this risk. However, a study by the Meningococcal Disease Surveillance Group 2 indicates that physicians often do not administer antimicrobial prophylaxis to persons at increased risk and do administer prophylaxis to persons not shown to be at risk. The same study showed that when physicians give antibiotics, they often select ineffective ones. Additionally, it showed that considerable time and money are spent doing useless culture surveys of contacts. Because of this evident confusion about who would benefit from meningococcal prophylaxis, about what agents should be


FIELD: paper-and-pulp industry. SUBSTANCE: composition intended for lowering property to lose whiteness and increasing resistance to yellowing in cellulose and paper contains cellulose pulp or paper and effective quantity of N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine, its ester, amide, or thiosubstituted N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine or acidic salt thereof. Advantageous properties of composition can be enhanced by presence of one or several additives selected from group comprising YF absorbers, polymeric inhibitors, nitrones, fluorescent bleaching agents, and agents forming chelate complexes with metals. Method envisages treatment of indicated pulp or paper with effective stabilizing amount of above-mentioned compounds. EFFECT: acquired anti-yellowing property. 12 cl, 20 ex


– Comparison of synthetic magnetograms of dipoles with an illustrative case study. – Remanence explains different anomaly patterns of magnetic dipoles. – The remanence, therefore the total magnetisation, can point in any direction if not acquired in-situ.


A novel method for determination of sorbic acid and benzoic acid in food was developed using multi-sample simultaneous extraction-gas chromatography.The samples and standard series solution were extracted simultaneously,with a mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane(1+1) as extraction solvent.The contents of sorbic acid and benzoic acid were measured by SE-30 wide caliber capillary.In the selected conditions,the detection limit for sorbic acid and benzoic acid was 1 mg/kg,the linear range was 25-500 mg/kg,the recoveries was 93.2-102.4% and the RSD was 1.9-4.1%.The method was simple,rapid,easy control and low-cost.It can be used for the rapid quantitative analysis of batch sample.


Bipolar transistors are well suited to analog circuits due to their exponential properties and their ability to drive capacitive loads. Analog Devices' first complementary bipolar (CB) process used junction isolation. During the development phase of the second generation CB process it was decided that we employ bonded wafers with trenches to achieve full dielectric isolation. That process has been running in production since 1992 and has more than 100 products being built on it. Subsequent generations of CB processes at Analog have continued to use this isolation approach. In this paper we discuss the merits of using bonded SOI versus standard junction isolation for our processes. We describe the processes and their performance, as well as the challenges encountered in the development of the processes due to the incorporation of bonded wafer starting material.


A control systems approach has been made to the investigation of the peripheral vasomotor control system. The thermal vasomotor control of digital bloodflow has been investigated in 46 subjects. Fourteen were controls, 26 were suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon and the rest had suspected malfunctions of the sympathetic nervous system. To assess the frequency response of the system a square-wave temperature stimulus was applied externally to one hand while the blood flow in the forefinger of the contralateral hand was recorded. The frequency and phase response of the control system was investigated between 0.1 and 0.0125 Hz. The results show that patients suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon have a different frequency response from the normal control group. At low frequencies (<0.025 Hz) the difference between the groups is highly significant (p < 0.001, student-t).A mathematical model of the control system was devised, and its use has indicated that the differences between patients with Raynaud's and normals may be explained in terms of both the gain and time delay in the control loop. Using this model and the data obtained it should be possible to develop a new method of differential diagnosis.


Quality of carer-child attunement is recognised as a significant factor in child development, yet few parenting programmes appear to provide opportunities for whole families to engage in activities exploring sound attunement. Clever Connections was developed by a psychologist–clinician in private practice as an attunement-focused pilot programme to explore a collaborative approach for families with primary-school-aged children. Concepts from critical theories, applied linguistics, sensorimotor therapies, mindfulness, narrative practice and communal practice informed the theoretical positioning which guided the programme's development. The programme, run over four sessions, was trialled with a group of four families. The first session was a three-hour block for the adults only, during which the participants' positionings and preferences were used to structure the programme. The following whole-family sessions involved a series of cooperative games, creative activities and linguistic tasks focusing on enhancing attunement. Feedback was gathered immediately following the programme regarding content and structure of the programme. Follow-up at six months indicated that sensorimotor and self-regulatory strategies explored in the programme continued to be of benefit to some of the families who participated. The outcomes suggest that further experimentation with this style of family programme is worthy of consideration.


The expert system technology has grown to a level where expertise of single expert is found inadequate to tackle complex problems. Recently the focus of research has now been oriented towards methodologies in which several expert systems can cooperate and communicate for solving common complex problems. This paper investigates a knowledge representation paradigm for building multiple expert systems. The main features of the proposed methodology include blackboard architecture, control engine and meta knowledge. The objective of the system is to acquire the knowledge from one or more domains and put it at workplace of appropriate expert system. The system is capable of conflict resolution, consistent advice and complex problem solving. In this paper, we illustrate a model, knowledge representation scheme and control inference.


Geostatistics is extensively used to construct reservoir models from the integration of seismic and well data, invert seismic data, and less frequently for seismic processing (Michelena and Gringarten 2009). Seismic interpretations made in time can also be converted in depth by estimating velocities within each layer using geostatistical methods (Hwang and McCorkindale, 1994).


Semitism in Islamist and Egyptian scholarship in general requires more attention. AntiSemitism is the enemy of rational thinking and clear judgment, and thus an understanding of how and why it was absorbed in the Egyptian mainstream is vital for a study on representations of Israel. The issue has been addressed by a number of scholars, most notably Esther Webman. There are three common motivations for Arab anti-Semitism – demonization of the enemy, rationalization of its success, and undermining its international legitimacy. In the case of Islamists, anti-Semitism also crystallizes the religious aspect of the Israeli-Arab conflict; it is no longer a conflict between a Jewish state and Muslim states but a historical conflict between the Jews and the Muslims. Stein asserts that the Muslim Brotherhood "incorporated Marxist categories in the 1930s and 1940s when arguing that a Jewish state 'would be an outpost of Western imperialism and a weapon for stabbing Arab countries'" (p. 37). This is far-fetched. Islamists did not need Communists to teach them about imperialism and neoimperialism. Already in the late nineteenth century Rashid Rida, the crucial link between early modernist-apologetic writing and Hasan al-Banna's ideology, argued that imperialism can affect societies in different ways, and warned about Zionism as a threat. Actually, one of Stein's main achievements is tracing in Egyptian writing on Israel the centrality of the "intellectual attack" conspiracy theory (or the idea that the West aims in modern times to undermine Muslim and Arab identity as a means of promoting imperial – and post-imperial – objectives). This theme has largely been neglected in prior studies. The majority of the book's shortcomings could have been resolved if a more rigid process of peer review and editing had been applied, and the result is a study that does not exhaust the full potential of the authors' research skills and profound knowledge. Even so, Stein's work is recommended as an introduction to Egyptian discourses on Israel and does a good job of mapping some major trends and opinions on a turbulent and complex field.


The paper presents a novel approach for ontologybased model identification of industrial energy systems. Therefore, an ontology is designed which is extended by formal rules to automatically identify causal relations between the components' input and output quantities. Also, available sensor data are mapped with rules to these quantities to enable direct data access for model identification. The proposed approach is evaluated for a use case of an industrial heating process. The results show, that the required information is available in the extended ontology to automatically generate dynamic models of the plant equipment.


Experimental and theoretical cross sections are reported for single-photon single ionization of W5+ ions. Absolute measurements were conducted employing the photon–ion merged-beams technique. Detailed photon-energy scans were performed at (67 ± 10) meV resolution in the 20–160 eV range. In contrast to photoionization of tungsten ions in lower charge states, the cross section is dominated by narrow, densely-spaced resonances. Theoretical results were obtained from a Dirac–Coulomb R-matrix approach employing a basis set of 457 levels providing cross sections for photoionization of W5+ ions in the 4 f 14 5 s 2 5 p 6 5 d 2 D 3 / 2 ground level as well as the 4 f 14 5 s 2 5 p 6 5 d 2 D 5 / 2 and 4 f 14 5 s 2 5 p 6 6 s 2 S 1 / 2 metastable excited levels. Considering the complexity of the electronic structure of tungsten ions in low charge states, the agreement between theory and experiment is satisfactory.


The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how simple bar-spring models can illustrate elementary and advanced structural behavior, including stability, imperfection sensitivity, and plastic collapse. In addition, the same bar-spring models also provide a ready means for assessing structural reliability. Bar-spring models for a column (both post-buckling stable and unstable), a frame, and a plate are all developed. For each model the influence of geometric imperfections are explicitly introduced and the ultimate strength considering plastic collapse of the supporting springs derived. The developed expressions are compared to material and geometric nonlinear finite element analysis models of analogous continuous systems, using yield surface based plastic hinge beam elements (in MASTAN) for the column and frame and shell elements (in ABAQUS) for the plate. The results show excellent qualitative agreement, and surprisingly good quantitative agreement. The developed bar-spring models are used in Monte Carlo simulations and in the development of first order Taylor Series approximations to provide the statistics of the ultimate strength as used in structural reliability calculations. Good agreement between conventional first order second moment assumptions and the Monte Carlo simulations of the bar-spring models is demonstrated. It is intended that the developed models provide a useful illustration of basic concepts central to structural stability and structural reliability.