This study is concerned with investigating the differences in usage of `toykey(very)` between spoken and written Korean languages, a degree adverb which is not listed in dictionary but considered as a local dialect only. Also discussed are syntactic properties of `toykey` and its lexicalization. All examples cited are drawn from the Corpus of Spoken Korean. Which have been transcribed and checked by the authors. Starting from adjective `toy-` (such as in `toyn pap (hardboiled rice)`, `toykey` underwent a process of extension in meaning. Due to the neutrality in its implication of value, it now can modify positive state verbs and motion verbs as well as the modified words representing negative degree in the Corpus of Spoken Korean. The meaning of [being excessive] in adjective `toy-` was extended to take up one of [being highly excessive in degree], and then to [being extremely excessive in degree]. Particularly, the [being highly excessive in degree] was able to be used to imply negativity only. However, as it is extended to the next step of [being extremely excessive in degree], it can also modify the modified words with positive meaning. At the scam time, since it carries a neutral value in its core meaning unlike other degree adverbs from other regional dialects, it has come to be used on a nationwide level. The result is the `toykey` being settled in as a standard, central word and listed as one of degree adverbs.


We examine mechanisms, several of which are proposed here, to generate structure formation, or to just add large-scale features, through either gauged or global cosmic strings or global texture, within the framework of inflation. We first explore the possibility that strings or texture form if there is no coupling between the topological theory and the inflaton or spacetime curvature, via (1) quantum creation, and (2) a sufficiently high reheat temperature. In addition, we examine the prospects for the inflaton field itself to generate strings or texture. Then, models with the string/texture field coupled to the curvature, and an equivalent model with coupling to the inflaton field, are considered in detail. The requirement that inflationary density fluctuations are not so large as to conflict with observations leads to a number of constraints on model parameters. We find that strings of relevance for structure formation can form in the absence of coupling to the inflaton or curvature through the process of quantum creation, but only if the strings are strongly type I, or if they are global strings. If formed after reheating, naturalness suggests that gauged cosmic strings correspond to a type-I superconductor. Similarly, gauged strings formed during inflation via conformal couplingmore » {xi}=1/6 to the spacetime curvature (in a model suggested by Yokoyama in order to evade the millisecond pulsar constraint on cosmic strings) are expected to be strongly type I.« less


Miller's reply to Nelson misses the point because it does not attend to the difference between identifying the truth conditions for a proposition and explaining why those conditions are the ones in which the proposition is true.


We set up the general formalism to model polytropic Newtonian stars with anisotropic pressure. We obtain the corresponding Lane-Emden equation. A heuristic model based on an ansatz to obtain anisotropic matter solutions from known solutions for isotropic matter is adopted to illustrate the effects of the pressure anisotropy on the structure of the star. In particular, we calculate the Chandrasekhar mass for a white dwarf. It is clearly displayed how the Chandrasekhar mass limit changes depending on the anisotropy. Prospective astrophysical applications of the proposed approach are discussed.


This chapter interrogates the political practices and forces that constitute anticolonial thought and comparative political theory. Both anticolonial and comparative political theorists are curators or collectors of culture and civilization. However, their political projects often point in distinct, if not opposed, directions. This chapter aims to map the different conditions under which each group collects, the different strategies by which they curate, the subject positions these conditions and strategies produce, and, most important, the effects of their appropriations. It does so by way of four contrapuntal pairings: Aurobindo Ghose with Fred Dallmayr, Mohandas Gandhi with Farah Godrej, Frantz Fanon with Leigh Jenco, and Amilcar Cabral with Roxanne Euben. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the need to take seriously a politics of incommensurability as a political practice, one attuned to the constraints that enable subjectivity oriented toward minimizing (usually historically sedimented) forms of domination.


Abstract This article presents the novel and efficient approach to solve the dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem, including valve-point effects. The DED problem is an optimization problem with an objective to determine the optimal combination of power outputs for all committed generating units over a certain period of time in order to minimize the total fuel cost while satisfying dynamic operational constraints and load demand in each interval. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is a powerful evolutionary algorithm for global optimization in real problems. In the proposed approach, the conventional economic load dispatch, for each time interval in a forward and reverse sequence, is independently performed using the DE algorithm with suitable modifications of the generation limits of the units due to the ramp-rate constraints of the generators. A certain load profile requires the traditional DED for a given set of committed units is determined by checking each interval in the scheduling horizon for the power-balance constraint violation due to the ramp-rate constraints of generators. A look-ahead procedure is implemented in the algorithm to identify the number of preceding intervals in case of forward dynamic dispatch or succeeding intervals in case of backward DED, which requires traditional DED to satisfy the power-balance constraints. Five- and ten-unit test systems with non-linear characteristics of the generators are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated and compared to those reported in the literature. The results are promising and show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


According to Euro-NCAP impact of pole side regulation,a finite element car model for pole side impact with Hypermesh software was established and the finite element analysis of the side crashworthiness of bodywork structure with LS-DYNA software was made.The pole impact of the car body structure response was probed.Relevant measures for improving side crashworthiness were made.Simulation results after improvement show that car side crashworthiness is improved and the damage which is brought by car body invasion on passengers is reduced to some extent.Finally the research provides some reference to establish the law on the pole side impact.


Java has become one of important programme languages for network with a lot of advantages in technique,such as platform independent,object-oriented programmin g,immediate interactivity, multi-threaded,complatibility and portability and so on.Java has bean widely used and got plenty of approvals from many fields. This article introduces characters and applications of Java and let more people know it.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a report on the application of a Geographic Information System (GIS), ArcInfo, in the cataloguing of geosciences documents held by IRANDOC.Design/methodology/approach – The steps involved in the application are described: gathering the data and required input including the attribute and spatial information; pre‐processing the information; managing and analysing the data; producing outputs.Findings – This research resulted in establishing a complete and comprehensive database of the geosciences, illustrating, analysing and reviewing all types of data available in the various databases of IRANDOC (geosciences related) simultaneously and easily.Research limitations/implications – Although this investigation concentrates on very specific documents (the geosciences documents held by IRANDOC), its findings and the presented model of the plan can be generalised to collections of information related to the spatial position in some other areas.Originality/value – I...


ÖZ Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the levels of learned re - sourcefulness and emotional intelligence and the relationship betwe en them in nursing students. Materials and Methods: The population of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of 291 students enrolled in the Nur - sing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences of a university in the spring semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. Data were colle - cted using the Socio-Demographic Form, the Rosenbaum Learned Resourcefulness Scale (RLRS), and the Emotional Intelligence Eva - luation Scale (EIES). Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.01 ± 2.08, and most of the participants were females (64.3%). The mean scores of the participants were found to be 111.84±16.82 and 123.47±25.12 for the RLRS and EIES respectively. When the relationship between the scales was analyzed, a statistically significant, positive correla - tion was found between the EIES sub-scales (emotional awareness, emotion management, motivation, empathy, social skills) and the RLRS (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the emotional intel - ligence level of the students was "low"; the learned resourcefulness mean score was close to the mean of the scale; and there was a po - sitive and significant relationship between them. It is recommended to plan education programs and advanced researches to improve the emotional intelligence and learned resource-fulness levels of nur sing students.


We originally develop a network analysis method to study the non-ideal superconducting resonator circuits. We model the resonator device by a 3-block serial network, consisting of input feedline, resonator-coupler and output feedline. We show that the resonance curve will be modified if non-negligible discontinuity (reflection) exists at input or output side of the resonator. The extracted resonance parameters (such as coupling quality factor Qc) from only fitting the transmission deviate from their true values as originally defined in matched impedance conditions, and the deviation depends on a single parameter which includes all the non-ideal effects from the circuits. We prove that the internal quality factor Qi can be accurately extracted from the modified transmission curve by using a very simple graphical method. Our methods and results are quantitatively verified by both simulations and experiments on superconducting microstrip resonators. Comparing to the usual circuit analysis, our network analysis method is more intuitive and easier to understand. It can serve as a general tool to study the non-ideal superconducting resonator circuits.


The coupled Hartree—Fock method with a limited basis set has yielded values at the F nucleus and at the center of charge C of the F2 molecule for the electric polarizability (α∥=2.15 A3, α⊥=0.77 A3), the magnetic susceptibility (extrapolated to —10.2 ppm), the magnetic shielding [σ=—276 at F or —200 at C (preferred value); σexpt1=—210 ppm], rotational magnetic moment (extrapolated to —0.108 nuclear magnetons) and spin rotation constant [CF=169 at F or 152 at C (preferred value); Cexpt1=157±2 kc/sec]. The poor gauge dependence for the shielding and spin rotation constant is associated with the unusually high paramagnetic shielding at F which is due specifically to an interaction of the occupied πu orbital with a low‐lying excited σu state. The susceptibility and rotational magnetic moment did not vary extensively with change of gauge.


Literature on global value chain strategy suggests that international sourcing of inputs offers promising avenues for firms to benefit from multinationality. We introduce a domestic firm's internat...


The UK Government recognises the importance of innovation and IP protection to the SME business community. Government has, for many years offered a variety of schemes that aim to support and enhance the spirit of invention and its protection. These support systems do fluctuate as Governments and their priorities and budgets change. Although we find ourselves in a positive climate today, there are many navigational challenges that must be faced by the average SME.


Before 1900 when imperialists were plotting to cut up China and the Chinese people were facing unprecedented crisis, there rose the Yi He Tuan Movement , which raised the slogan, "support the Qing and kill the foreigners".This Slogan held out many-fold implications. It embodied the long pent-up indignation of the invaded to the aggressors, the resistance of one culture to another, and the hardships suffered by old type small farmers and handicraftsmen as a result of the disintegration of the natural economy. Although it was a just slogan, it was not a scientific one, for it clearly revealed the limitations of the peasantry.


By using the method of constructing some convex functional,the existence of positive solution for p-Laplacian difference equations is considered.By mean of the corresponding difference operator and appropriate convex functional,the new sufficient conditions of at least a positive solution existence for this kind of boundary value problem are established.The given conditions only relate to the properties of the nonlinear term on bounded sets,without the assumptions of superlinearity,sublinearity or lower and upper solutions.The results are illustrated with an example,and extend and improve some known results.


Full-wave optimisation of large arrays is computationally intensive problem even with the most advanced solvers. The paper presents a procedure for the full-wave optimisation of arrays based on a space mapping (SM) procedure. The approach combines the efficiency of MoM-based accelerated modelling techniques with physics-based coarse models to reach unprecedented efficiency in terms of accuracy and computational requirements, while maintaining complete compatibility with common engineering practices.


Random linear mappings are widely used in modern signal processing, compressed sensing, and machine learning. These mappings may be used to embed the data into a significantly lower dimension while at the same time preserving useful information. This is done by approximately preserving the distances between data points, which are assumed to belong to ℝn . Thus, the performance of these mappings is usually captured by how close they are to an isometry on the data. Gaussian linear mappings have been the object of much study, while the sub‐Gaussian settings is not yet fully understood. In the latter case, the performance depends on the sub‐Gaussian norm of the rows. In many applications, e.g., compressed sensing, this norm may be large, or even growing with dimension, and thus it is important to characterize this dependence.


The simple extended Potts model, which approximates the interactions between cells in contact as a uniform, type dependent surface energy and uses a simple Monte Carlo dynamics, is able to reproduce many observed qualitative behaviors of cell aggregates. The motion of single cells in an aggregate is identical to Brownian motion of ideal particles--hence the temperature in the model corresponds to the fluctuation temperature of the cell membrane. Using appropriate experimental parameters allows the model to quantitatively reproduce both normal and partial cell sorting.


BACKGROUND
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and dialysis-requiring AKI (AKI-D) in the general population is increasing. However, there is limited information on the epidemiology of AKI-related hospitalizations in the prevalent US kidney transplant population.

METHODS
We analyzed trends in the incidence of hospitalizations with primary diagnosis of AKI, secondary diagnosis of AKI and AKI-D using data from the National Inpatient Sample 2004-2014. Co-primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and cost. Survey analysis techniques were used to compute national estimates. Linear trends in outcomes were evaluated using linear regression.

RESULTS
There were a total of 37,562 hospitalizations for primary AKI, 136,628 for secondary AKI, and 10,731 for AKI-D during the study period. We found an increase in hospitalizations for all three diagnoses over time (13.7 to 24.7 per thousand KTRs for primary AKI, 37.4 to 108.0 per thousand KTRs for secondary AKI and 4.2 to 6.0 per thousand KTRs for AKI-D; all P-trend <0.01). This was accompanied by significant improvements in in-hospital mortality (3.2% to 0.5% for primary and 6.1% to 4.4% for secondary AKI; both P-trend <0.01), average LOS (5.3 to 4.6 days for primary and 8.4 to 7.2 days for secondary AKI; both P-trend<0.001) and cost ($11,635 to $8,234 for primary and $21,373 to $17,470for secondary AKI; P-trend<0.001 for both).

CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of hospitalizations for AKI and AKI-D among kidney transplant recipients is rapidly rising. This has been accompanied by significant improvements in-hospital mortality, LOS, and cost.


In 2012, several film studios began selling digital versions of select films 1-4 weeks before their release into physical media rental and sell-through markets. This was an attempt to boost overall waning revenues from home entertainment. I examine the effect this has had on physical media sell-through and rental markets using a nested-logit model approach. The analysis yielded three significant results. One is that this strategy has mainly affected the consumption decision of disc renters to buy digital. The second result is that the length of the window is inversely related to its effect on the behavior of buying or renting of discs. The third result of note is that although the strategy is effective, it is not creating loyal consumers of this new method of distribution. This fact notwithstanding the strategy has been successful in increasing home entertainment revenues.


Objective To estimate overdiagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) for screening with sigmoidoscopy and faecal occult blood testing (FOBT). Design Simulation study using data from randomised trials. Setting Primary screening, UK, Norway Participants 152 850 individuals from the Nottingham trial and 98 678 individuals from the Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention (NORCCAP) trial. Intervention CRC screening. Outcome measure We estimated overdiagnosis using long-term data from two randomised trials: the Nottingham trial comparing FOBT screening every other year to no-screening, and the NORCCAP trial comparing once-only sigmoidoscopy screening to no-screening. To estimate the natural growth of adenomas to CRC, we used the following microsimulation models: (i) the Microsimulation Screening Analysis; (ii) the CRC Simulated Population model for Incidence and Natural history; (iii) the Simulation Model of Colorectal Cancer; (iv) a model derived by the German Cancer Research Center. We defined overdiagnosed cancers as the difference between the observed number of CRCs in the no-screening arm and the expected number of cancers in screening arm (sum of observed and prevented by adenoma removal). The amount of overdiagnosis is defined as the number of overdiagnosed cancers over the number of cancers observed in the no-screening arm. Results Overdiagnosis estimates were highly dependent on model assumptions. For FOBT screening with 2354 cancers observed in control arm, four out of five models predicted overdiagnosis, range 2.0% (2400 cancers expected in screening) to 7.6% (2533 cancers expected in screening). For sigmoidoscopy screening with 452 cancers observed in control arm, all models predicted overdiagnosis, range 25.2% (566 cancers expected in screening) to 128.1% (1031 cancers expected in screening). Conclusions The amount of overdiagnosis estimated based on the microsimulation models varied substantially. Microsimulation models may not give reliable estimates of the preventive effect of adenoma removal, and should be used with caution to inform guidelines.


Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the level of physical activities at time points of pre-illness and current treatment, and the differences in body mass index (BMI), anxiety, depression and fatigue according to their physical activity in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: The survey was used with 126 cancer patients undergoing daily chemotherapy at injection room, cancer clinic of C University Hospital in G city. Data were collected from June to September, 2009 using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square, Fisher's exact test and t-test using SPSS/WIN15.0. Results: The significant increase in physical activity was reported from pre-illness to the time in treatment (=69.027, p


Domestic and Family Violence is an issue of significant concern.  Increased awareness has prompted a range of actions in all sectors. The serious consequences of DFV make it vital that abuse is identified early and responded to appropriately.  Primary health care settings provide a major opportunity for this, as many who experience DFV report GPs and primary healthcare as their only link to services.  Recognise, Respond, Refer  supports facilities such as GP centres to enhance responses to people experiencing DFV and improve outcomes for individuals and families.  This report provides information on evaluation design, findings regarding processes and outcomes of the program's first iteration, information about changes to service capacity, and recommendations for future iterations.


[Objective]To observe children's minerals in Zhoushan islands and to provide guidance for children's health care.[Methods]The minerals in blood including lead,cadmium,zinc,calcium,iron,magnesium and copper were detected in blood samples of children randomly selected from over ten thousand of those coming to our hospital for health care inspection from Jan.2006 to Dec.2010.[Results]The levels of blood lead and blood calcium of 2009 and 2010 were higher than that of 2006(P0.05);there was no significant difference among the other minerals.The abnormal rates of blood lead,zinc,iron and calcium were significantly high.The abnormal rates of blood lead from 2006 to 2010 were 8.2%,10.1%,11.4%,12.1%and 13.2% respectively which exhibited an increasing trend.The abnormal rates of blood calcium from 2006 to 2010 were 10.2%,9.7%,9.3%, 8.8%and 8.8%respectively showing a declining trend.[Conclusion]Except very low deficiencies of magnesium and copper in the islands' children in the latest five years,the deficiencies of cadmium,zinc and iron are quite significant,and the abnormal rate of blood lead increases by years.However,calcium deficiency is improved.The surveillance on children's micronutrients provides evidence to improve adolescent health in Zhoushan area.


Hydroxyalkylation of phenol to bisphenol F over the intercalation of aluminum hydroxy oligomeric into layered montmorillonite K10 was investigated. A remarkably high product yield (89.2%) and selectivity to bisphenol F (92.7%) has been achieved at a 110 °C reaction temperature and reaction time of 80 min with a Al-MMT(6) catalyst. A series of catalysts were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, BET, NH3-TPD and Py-IR. Characterization results showed that the catalytic performance of these catalysts depended on weak and moderate acidity and the textural properties (specific surface areas). The effect of the catalyst calcination temperature to this reaction was also studied. Moreover, the influences of various reaction parameters like mole ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time on the product yield and selectivity to bisphenol F were investigated. Finally, the reusability of the catalyst was studied and a plausible mechanistic pathway was proposed.


We have encountered 74 cases of esophageal achalasia in the past 15 years at our clinic.From X-ray findings, esophageal internal pressure curves and clinical symptoms, 5 cases were diagnosed as vigorous achalasia.According to the X-ray classification, 3 cases belonged to the spindle type grade II, one case the flask type grade II and one case the flask type grade III.On the internal pressure curves, all cases were of the spasmus type (type A).All these cases complained of esophageal pain as spasmodic symptom in addition to the difficulty in swallowing and had received various treatments as other diseases not related to the esophagus.As for the treatment, cardioplasty modified of Girard's method was performed on four cases, and additionally high truncal vagotomy was performed on two of them to obtain satisfactory results.


The volume will be divided into four parts. Part 1 will present an overview on disability that focuses on two major themes, namely, the biopsychosocial approaches to disability and cultural views of disability. Part 2 will examine five major areas of high incidence exceptionalities: cognitive impairment, learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity, autism spectrum disorders, behavioural/emotional disorders and speech and language disorders.


When a wastegate valve (33) which opens an exhaust gas turbine (26) bypassing the exhaust gas bypass passage (32) and closes, is opened, the exhaust gases of the respective cylinder bypass the exhaust gas turbine (26) and pass through a detection point of an air-fuel ratio sensor (23) downstream of the exhaust turbine (26). Accordingly, it can be avoided that the exhaust gases of the respective cylinders are mixed by the exhaust gas turbine (26), so that an influence of a variation occurring between the cylinders of an air-fuel ratio more likely due to an occurring between the cylinders imbalance abnormality in an output signal waveform of the air fuel ratio sensor (23) will appear. Therefore, the presence or absence of imbalance abnormality occurring between the cylinders on the basis of the output signal of the air-fuel ratio sensor (23) is determined when the wastegate valve (33) is open. Finally, the presence or absence of imbalance abnormality occurring between the cylinders can be accurately determined, whereby the detection accuracy of the imbalance abnormality occurring between the cylinders is improved.


position estimation coverage hole-detection in wireless sensor network." the authors present a low-cost solution obtaining first the distance between Anchor Node (AN) and Unknown Node (UN) based on RSSI profiling in a Sensor Network. They adjust their algorithm using theoretical and simulations proofs. present the paper "A comparative study of sorting algorithms with FPGA acceleration by high-level synthesis." The authors propose an efficient hardware implementation for different sorting algorithms as BubbleSort, InsertionSort, SelectionSort, QuickSort, HeapSort, ShellSort, MergeSort and TimSort from high-level descriptions in the zynq-7000 platform. They compare the performance of different algorithms in terms of execution time, standard deviation and resource utilization. Their results show that SelectionSort is 1.01-1.23 times faster than other algorithms when N < 64. Otherwise, TimSort is the best algorithm. Laidy de Armas and coauthors from Cuba, present the paper "Solutions to storage spaces allocation problem for import containers by exact and heuristic methods." In this work, the authors compare the performance of two methods: the integer linear programming method and a metaheuristic method, as solutions to the problem of optimizing the storage space allocation to imported containers regarding the optimization value and the computational time.


The most prominent factor behind traffic accidents today is human errors. There are many ways, in which problematic behaviors such as inattention can be mitigated. One of the tools used for this purpose is warning systems. These warning systems needs to give warnings both at a time where the driver needs it as well as give the driver a sufficient window to react. In order to achieve these goals information of the state of the driver can be vital to know how curtain situations should be handled. A prediction of future events could be used in order to increase the amount of time between the warning and the dangerous event. This report explores possibilities of using recurrent neural networks with long short-term memory for prediction of eight different driver actions inside of a vehicle, such as glancing and reaching inside of the vehicle among others. Other studies in the domain of predictions of driver actions have had the focus on car movements such as breaking and lane changing, while this study concentrates on the state of the driver. There is potential for these predictions to improve a warning system and give a driver more time to react to a given situation. The predictions are based on sequences of actions, which are generated from sequences of images with a convolutional neural network. A dataset consisting of sequences of images used in the report was gathered at RISE Viktoria AB. The hyperparameters of the recurrent neural network, such as the number of hidden units and amount of layers, was chosen with Bayesian optimization. An addition of a parallel input of optical flow created from the input images was found to improve the performance of the convolutional neural network. The complete network achieved an average prediction accuracy of 80% for the next frame predictions and 62% after 20 frames. A comparison where the predictions were set to the last element in the input achieved an accuracy of 79% for one frame ahead and 49% after 20 frames.


Deuteron NMR relaxation studies including double quantum filtered (DQF) spectral analyses, T1, and line widths are used to probe the dynamics and exchange process of various-loading benzene molecules adsorbed into NaY and dealuminated Y (DAY) including ultrastable Y (USY) zeolite. DQF NMR is a very sensitive method to determine the residual quadrupolar interaction resulting from the local order. In this work, we modified the cone model to describe the in-plane rotation around the hexad axis and the restricted wobbling motion of the benzene ring on the surface of the interaction site. The in-plane rotation and wobbling motion of adsorbed benzene molecules reflects a host−guest effect on the isolated adsorption site and also the mobility in the cage. In addition, the effect of a site-to-site hopping process results in a small net residual quadrupolar interaction. With increased loading, the in-plane rotation of benzene is significantly hindered in all faujasites but the population of adsorbed benzene dramat...


Professor Lord Hunt, Ladies and Gentlemen, I am delighted to open this important scientific meeting on the impacts of climate change on urban areas.

As you know, the overwhelming majority of scientific opinion supports the view that human activities are changing the Earth's climate. There really


Polynomial relations between the generators of $q$--deformed Heisenberg algebra invariant under the quantization and $q$-deformation are discovered. One of the examples of such relations is the following: if two elements $a$ and $b$, obeying the relation \[ ab - q ba = p, \] where $p, q$ are any complex numbers, then for any $p,q$ and natural $n$ \[ (aba)^n = a^n b^n a^n \]


As we approach the second anniversary of the launch of PLoS Pathogens, it is evident that the journal has rapidly established itself as an important publication in the field of pathogen–host interactions (Image 1). We attribute this success to the commitment and motivation of our talented editorial board, to a receptive community (Table 1) who sees this as a leading open-access journal, and to a highly competent and helpful staff at the Public Library of Science.


The electric dipole moment measurements on H2O, presented in the previous paper, are analyzed here. First, centrifugal distortion effects were removed from the observed moments. The rotationless moments were then considered in terms of a dipole moment function for water. The moments were combined with first dipole derivatives to determine second derivatives of the moment with respect to normal coordinates. This procedure indicated inconsistencies between existing first derivatives and the permanent moments, which were attributed to approximations made when the first derivatives were obtained from the infrared intensity data. A combined analysis of the original transition moment data and the permanent moments yielded consistent first and second derivatives, but with less accuracy than the input data. The overall results include: the first accurate determination of the equilibrium value, and vibrational energy dependence, of the dipole moment; new second derivative values; and an increased awareness of the ...


The ant tribe Dacetini contains more than 800 species (Bolton et al. 2006). Many dacetine ants are specialized predators on soil inhabiting arthropods such as Collembola, Acarina, and to some extent also Diplura (Brown and Wilson 1959; Masuko 1984, 2009ab; Wilson 1953). Due to their peculiar morphological characteristics related to this specialized predation, dacetine ants have attracted the interest of many myrmecologists, who have described a diversity of hunting behaviors in these ants (e.g. Brown and Wilson 1959; Dejean 1986, 1988; Wilson 1953; Masuko1984, 2009ab). Moreover, some species are known as tramp species, e.g. Strumigenys emmae (Emery, 1890), Strumigenys membranifera Emery, 1869, and Strumigenys rogeri Emery, 1890 (Brown 1949, 1954; Brown and Wilson, 1959). To date, habitat preferences of dacetine ants have been poorly reported and quantitative results remain scarce except for some ant community studies (e.g. Graham et al. 2004). In this tribe, Strumigenys and Pyramica are the most species-rich genera (Bolton 2000, Bolton et al. 2006). However, the classification of the tribe Dacetini is highly debated. Baroni Urbani and de Andrade (2007) treated Pyramica as synonym of Strumigenys, and phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data show that neither genus is monophyletic (Moreau and Bell 2013). Therefore we follow Baroni Urbani and de Andrade (2007), SHORT COMMUNICATIONS


Laser-induced dot transfer is an innovative micropatterning technique that realizes on-demand microdot deposition under room-temperature atmospheric conditions. Based on this method, we have developed site- and size-controlled micropatterning of oxide materials. As a model case, indium tin oxide (ITO) microdots were arrayed on a receiver substrate. A nanosecond, 266 nm laser pulse was focused onto the interface between the ITO film and transparent support, causing the ejection of a single ITO microdroplet. The dependence of the transferred structures on the film thickness as well as the laser-induced film temperature distribution has been investigated by both experimental and finite elemental approaches.


Sugarcane is one of the traditional crops grown abundantly across the state of Tamil Nadu due to the lengthening of the period of monsoon and its diversified uses in different agro-based industries. Precipitation, a significant factor for sugarcane cultivation, has an impact on its productivity differs for different agro-climatic zones. A secondary data of district wise precipitation and sugarcane productivity of Tamil Nadu for the 30 years (1985 - 2014) were also collected. The impact of precipitation over the productivity of various crops can be explained by using the Standard Precipitation Indices (SPI) data and applying Principal Component regression (PCR) technique. Initially, SPI, A drought monitoring index, represents a Z-Score, was calculated seasonally for different agro-climatic zones. As there was a severe collinearity between the SPI values of seasons, Principal component regression analysis was used to study the impact of precipitation on the sugarcane productivity by considering the SPI values of four seasons along with time as regressor variables. The study showed that the productivity of sugarcane in Cauvery Delta zone and Western Zone mainly depended upon the precipitation during South west monsoon and North East monsoon periods. However, the productivity of sugarcane in North East zone was mostly dependent on the precipitation of Cold Weather period when compared to all other seasons. Unlikely, North west and Southern zones are not significantly influenced by the precipitation.


We present an algorithm for the two-dimensional translational containmentproblem: nd translations for k polygons (with up tom vertices each) which place them inside a polygonal container (with n vertices) without overlapping. The polygons and container may be nonconvex. The containment algorithm consists of new algorithms for restriction, evaluation, and subdivision of two-dimensional con guration spaces. The restriction and evaluation algorithms both depend heavily on linear programming; hence we call our algorithm an LP containment algorithm. Our LP containment algorithm is distinguished from previous containment algorithms by the way in which it applies principles of mathematical programming and also by its tight coupling of the evaluation and subdivision algorithms. Our new evaluation algorithm nds a local overlap minimum. Our distance-based subdivision algorithm eliminates a \false" (local but not global) overlap minimum and all layouts near that overlap minimum, allowing the algorithm to make progress towards the global overlap minimum with each subdivision. In our experiments on data sets from the apparel industry, our LP algorithm can solve containment for up to ten polygons in a few minutes on a desktop workstation. Its practical running time is better than our previous containment algorithms and we believe it to be superior to all previous translational containment algorithms. Its theoretical running time, however, depends on the number of local minima visited, which is O((6kmn + k 2 m 2 ) 2k+1 =k!). To obtain a better theoretical running time, we present a modi ed (combinatorial) version of LP containment with a running time of O (6kmn+ k 2 m 2 ) 2k


Citation: Yumatov EA (2017) The Beginning of Knowledge of the Nature of the Brain Mental Activity. Neurol Sci J. Vol. 1 No. 1:3 The brain is a unique organization in nature, having the psychic activity, which is expressed in thoughts, feelings, emotions, i.e. in the subjective perception of the man himself and the world. Knowledge of the nature of psychic activity of the brain is the most urgent and the most challenging task of science [1-10]. Undoubtedly, without the knowledge the origin of psychic activity, ideas about the brain are extremely limited, and very far from the truth.


1. Plant genotypic diversity has important consequences for a variety of ecosystem processes, yet empirical evidence for its effects on productivity, one of the most fundamental of these processes, is lacking. In addition, the performance of insect herbivores in response to high genotypic diversity is unknown, despite previous work demonstrating differential herbivore performance among plant genotypes.


Carbonaceous deposits produced on Ru-capped multilayer mirrors under extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiation in the presence of adventitious gaseous hydrocarbons are a major obstacle to process implementation of EUV lithography, the key to fabrication of next generation semiconductor chips. The technical problem has been simulated by examining graphitic film growth on Ru(0001) under low-energy electron irradiation in the presence of 1-butene, C5−C8 linear alkanes, and toluene. We show that this provides a practical and reliable means of simulating the photon-induced chemistry and of distinguishing between benign and harmful species. Linear alkanes up to n-heptane are relatively benign, whereas n-octane and toluene are much more harmful, giving rise to rapid growth of graphitic films of a thickness sufficient to seriously impair mirror reflectivity. 1-Butene exhibits behavior in between these extremes. These properties may be understood in terms of the surface residence lifetimes of the various adsorbates on...


in this paper, a compact H-shaped slot antenna is proposed. The antenna contains one H-shape slot which is fed through microstrip line, an open circuited stub is connected for proper impedance matching. The H- shaped slot is used for bandwidth enhancement. The antenna is designed to radiate at 5.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 1.6GHz. The antenna has an omni-directional pattern across the frequency band. The gain of the antenna is 4.35dBi at 5.4GHz. Since, the proposed antenna satisfies all the characteristics of energy harvesting systems, it can be used for energy harvesting systems, at 5.4GHz 4G-LTE band. CST microwave studio was used for designing the proposed antenna. An excellent agreement is achieved between simulated and measured results.


The Fe-Mn alloys display paulli paramagnetism in the temperature rangeof TT_N.The T_N point increases and the susceptibility decreases with increasing Mn con-tent,because the positive exchange interaction of Fe-Mn atoms is smaller than negative ex-change interaction of Mn-Mn atoms.Addition of paramagnetic metal Al results inCuris-Weiss behaviour of the alloy in the range of TT_N.The increase of Al contentcauses the decrease of T_N,and ferromagnetic phase appears in the alloy when the Al con-tent is higher than 5.5wt-%.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to define critical design and evaluation factors of business models (BM) for mobile network operators (MNOs) in general, and more specifically for mobile data services. Design/methodology/approach – This paper follows a qualitative approach. Aiming to identify critical design factors for mobile BMs, this research, as a part of larger research, examines three real-life cases related to mobile data service BM design and engineering. These cases are Orange Business Services (OBS); Apple's iPhone services and applications, and NTT DoCoMo's i-mode service. Findings – In this paper, the authors provide a framework for designing and developing Market-Aligned, Cohesive, Dynamic, Explicit, and Unique BMs with Fitting Network-Mode, which, if adopted by MNOs, would ensure their long-term success by improving the sustainability and innovation capabilities of their BMs. These critical design factors address different spheres of the mobile business: "Cohesion" and "Explicitness" a...


This article is devoted to presenting results on invariant approximations over a non-star-shsped weakly compact subset of a complete modular space by introduced a new notion called S-star-shaped with center f:  if   be a mapping and , . Then the existence of common invariant best approximation is proved for Banach operator pair of mappings by combined the hypotheses with Opial's condition or demi-closeness condition


in the gastrointestinal tract: gain or pain? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282: G581–G585, 2002; 10.1152/ajpgi. 00508.2001.—The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR (cid:1) ) has recently been implicated in the patho-genesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. The observation that PPAR (cid:1) agonists, through immune modulation, protect against inflammatory processes in the intestine justified their expedient evaluation in the clinical management of IBD. PPAR (cid:1) agonists are reported to have both tumor-promoting and -inhibiting effects in models of colon cancer. These differences can, in part, be explained by PPAR (cid:1) -independent effects of PPAR (cid:1) agonists and by differences in the models used. Because it is still unclear how PPAR (cid:1) impacts on colon cancer, careful monitoring of patients receiving PPAR (cid:1) agonists and additional basic research is indicated before recommendations on the use of PPAR (cid:1) ligands in colon cancer can be made.


The Portuguese coup of April 1974 has had manifold consequences in Southern Africa, most notably the accession to independence of Angola and Mozambique, the heightening of the liberation struggle in Rhodesia/ Zimbabwe, and the intensification of the search for an internationally acceptable settlement in South-West Africa/Namibia. No one doubts that these rapid changes form a prelude to an increasingly determined assault upon South Africa itself, now exposed as the last bastion of settler-colonialism on the continent. In order to cope with their new insecurity, therefore, the white rulers of the Republic have evolved policies at home and abroad designed to relieve the mounting pressures on their apartheid state; and, in particular, they have consciously accelerated the Bantustan programme, with both Transkei and Bophutatswana now having acceded to (albeit unrecognised) political independence, and the other Homelands being similarly urged to follow in their path. These recent developments call for a more realistic appraisal of the Bantustans than they have customarily been accorded hitherto. Precisely because they are manifestly creations of the white dominators, designed to perpetuate settler rule and to divide the African population into discrete ethnic groups, they are too often contemptuously dismissed as an irrelevance. Yet, given the context of continuing white supremacy, the Homelands are here to stay. Emergent social groups with favourable access to the fruits of their politicaladministrative machinery extend to them an increasing (if pragmatic) acceptance, and Bantustan 'independences', of necessity, introduce a new dimension to the political dynamics of the entire sub-region. Thus the Homelands can no longer be ignored, and the detailed study of their likely role in the future of South Africa must now assume a much higher priority. For this reason, we must extend a cautious welcome to The Black Homelands of South Africa: the political and economic development of Bophutatswana and Kwazulu, which focuses our attention upon Bantustans other than the Transkei (the only Homeland which has so far received any detailed attention). Based upon a study commissioned by the U.S. State Department, the book eschews remonstrance with apartheid, and seeks to assess soberly the potential role which these black ' proto-states' might play in what the authors argue is likely to be 'an evolutionary, not a revolutionary, future for South Africa' (p. 219). So, having obviously enjoyed a fair degree of co-operation from Republican authorities, the authors have been able to relay a considerable amount of empirical information (for instance, the ethnic composition of the black Universities, and a mass of financial and economic data) which has hitherto been inaccessible and thus of considerable general interest. Yet, the volume is highly unsatisfactory, bearing the imprint of inadequate research and a too close association with white officials, as well as a surprising degree of political naivete. The major difficulty encountered by this reviewer was the apparent lack


The corrosion and dezincification behaviours of α-brasses (Zn%: 33, 34, 37) in acetic-acetate solutions, pH 2.4-8.5, in the absence and presence of chromate ions was studied by weight loss, solution analysis and electrochemical polarization. Chromate ions were found to act either as corrosion accelerators or as inhibitors, depending on pH, alloy composition and chromate concentration. Chromate suppressed efficiently the corrosion and dezincification at pH 7.0 and 8.5. The presence of chromate in acidic solutions (pH 2.4) was found to increase the corrosion rate at the beginning (one hour) but inhibition action prevailed after sufficient time (one week). The alloys did not suffer dezincification in the absence or presence of chromate at pH 2.4. The corrosion acceleration action of chromate at pH 2.4 was explained in terms of cathodic reduction of the prevailing dichromate ions. At pH 7.0 and 8.5, chromate inhibited the anodic dissolution of copper and, more efficiently, zinc in alloy, leading to suppression of dezincification and corrosion. The inhibition action of chromate in neutral and slightly alkaline solutions is assumed to occur via chemisorption of chromate species and improvement of passivity of the corroding alloys as well.


English is a West German Language. Today millions of people around the world are learning English. English speakers currently outnumber native speakers and their numbers will keep increasing in the future. Non-native English speakers usually make errors in text and also vary in their
 complexity. Over 600 million speakers use English as a second language (ESL) or English as a foreign language (EFL). English is the dominating language in the field of science and technology. Still, in this current situation, maximum population worldwide are comfortable in speaking in their
 mother tongue and even don't know a bit of the English language which is not letting them to make use of most of the resources around them as most of them are in English So my paper showers light on the importance of being a first-generation English learner in this modern world.


The characteristics and principles of retro reflection micro bead were discussed theoretically.Micro beads with different diffractive index were prepared suing the spreading bead attachment and mixing bead methods,respectively.The retro reflection properties of these micro beads were analyzed using spectroscopy,and the quantitative results are:the closer of refractive index of glass micro bead to 1 93,the better effect of retro reflection because the position of focusing point is near the inner surface of the bead;the spreading bead method is easier to operate than the mixing bead method.It gives samples with better reflecting effect as well.


: Steel structures themselves have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, easy construction, and recycling, and are widely used in the construction field. However, in the context of the rapid development of the construction industry, there are more and more safety hazards in buildings, and steel structure fire protection design is particularly important. Fire, as an important factor affecting the safety of buildings and people's lives and property, needs to be taken seriously in the design process of building steel structures. Steel itself does not burn, but as a metal, it has good thermal conductivity. In the event of a fire, it only takes more than ten minutes to reach the critical temperature of the steel itself. The steel's load-bearing capacity sharply weakens, causing building collapse, causing casualties and economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out fire prevention treatment for steel structure buildings, and currently there are many fire prevention methods applicable to steel structure buildings. How to reasonably select the fire prevention methods suitable for prefabricated steel structure buildings is also a problem faced by designers. Based on this, this article analyzes the hazards of steel structure buildings themselves, understands the problems in fire protection of steel structure buildings, and proposes countermeasures to strengthen fire protection of steel structure buildings, aiming to improve the fire performance of steel structure buildings.


This book is the first complete publication from the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study (MALTS) that is by far the most ambitious and comprehensive longitudinal twin study to date. The goal of such an in-depth study was merely not to provide thorough descriptions of developmental change between the ages of one and three years, but to offer an original theoretical framework that explains how change occurs in different domains and how genetics and the environment influence those changes.


In this paper, we present a solution for simultaneous handling of large components with industrial robots performing synchronized motions with an AGV in flexible flow assembly. For this purpose, we implement an Extended Kalman Filter with a global localization system to track an AGV and multiple manipulators. We propose a model-predictive controller for force compliance and trajectory tracking in multi-robot cooperative, decentralized, and fast manipulation tasks. In order to show the effectiveness of our system, we assemble a truck windshield using two industrial robots and an AGV in motion. In our experiments, we reliably achieve assembly tolerances of 1.5mm at AGV velocities up to $400\frac{{{\text{mm}}}}{{\text{s}}}$. The presented system makes flexible assembly systems with AGVs and freely reconfigurable manipulators possible. It enables the automation of high variant, low volume, large size assembly tasks such as aircraft, truck or steel beam assembly, which are mostly manual processes at present.


The problem of the electromagnetic response of infinitesimal electric and magnetic dipole sources in a compressible, anisotropic electron plasma overlying a lossy dielectric half-space is solved by integral transform and matrix techniques to assess antenna radiation in the lunar environment. In part 1, the solutions are formulated in terms of Fourier-Bessel integrals operating on matrix quantities. In particular, the field solutions are shown to linear combinations of classical plane-wave modes in a compressible, anisotropic plasma. The introduction of a lossy dielectric half-space yields uncoupled TE and TM modes propagating into the dielectric plus three reflected plasma modes. The modal reflection coefficients represent reflections coupled to all plasma modes.


Immunological parameters following chemoimmunotherapy combination were studied in 31 patients with metastatic malignant melanoina. They received Cisplatni (100 mg/m2) on day 1 and 28, recombinant IL‐2 (rIL‐2; Eurocetus) in continuous infusion from day 3 to 6, 17 to 21, 31 to 34 and 45 to 49. Interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α: Roche) was given subcutaneously three times weekly. No significant change in CD4/CD8 ratio at onset or during treatment was observed between responder (n=19) and non‐responder (n=12) patients. Regarding the IL‐2 receptor (IL‐2R) study, the percent age of cells expressing Tac(p55)receptor did not change either for healthy volunteers (n=20) and patients before any therapy, or between responder and non‐responder patients. Concerning serum soluble IL‐2R shedding before therapy. we observed A significant increase (P=0·001) in patients (79±40 pM) compared with healthy donors (30±15 pM), but no significant variation was seen between responder and non‐responder patients. In contrast, during the treatment, the soluble IL‐2R level increased in both groups but, interestingly, a significant difference was found between responder and non‐responder patients from day 7 (P<0·05) to day 21 (P<0·01), suggesting that the cells from non‐responder may be slower in becoming stimulated. This finding is the most striking point of our study and suggests that sIL‐2R might be an early predictive factor of the clinical response as obtained by logistic regression (P=0·0063). Therefore patients with a serum soluble IL‐2R level greater than 250 pM at day 21 have a 12‐fold more chance of undergoing a clinical response.


The RFID system consists of a transponder or tag, interrogator, and a back-end host system. The mobile RFID service combines the RFID system with the mobile communication system for the mobile service so that the user can use the RFID application service using smart phone. This service requires an RFID reader that is mounted on a user's smart phone or is easy to carry, and a device equipped with an RFID middleware can be linked to the OIS and the ONS. In this paper, RFID reader that can be easily used in smartphone environment and application service that can manage objects and verify authenticity by using RFID reader are suggested.


Keynes (1930) proposed that an asset is more liquid than another "if it is more certainly realisable at short notice without loss" (vol. II, p. 67). This definition suggests that the liquidity of an asset is twofold. First, an asset should have a market that can readily absorb the sale, and second, do so without risk to its final value. This suggests that investors should be rewarded for both the level of liquidity and liquidity risk. The standard form of asset pricing models assumes financial markets to be perfectly liquid. In a perfectly liquid market, there are no arbitrage possibilities. Therefore, the under traditional asset pricing approach, all assets that have similar expected cash flows must have the same price. This phenomenon of frictionless markets ignores the impact of liquidity of financial assets on their respective prices and consequently on returns. The relation between liquidity and expected returns has been statistically observed and explains certain market anomalies such as the small firm effect, equity premium, and risk-free rate puzzle...


With the gradual advancement of human exploration of space, textual information related to spacecraft has grown exponentially. It's necessary to achieve the automatic acquisition of relevant information, explore the information extraction of the spacecraft domain knowledge map, and solve the problem lacking existing labeled data sets. The book "Encyclopedia of World Spacecraft" is selected as the data source to build a spacecraft-related data set and the entities in the field are divided into spacecraft, research countries, research institutions and platforms by the spacecraft text and experts. Based on the TFT model composed of text representation, feature extraction and sequence labeling, set up multiple sets of comparative experiments to find a model with the best recognition effect. Comparative experiments show that the Bert-BiGRU-CRF model combined with transfer learning can fully learn the characteristic content of the spacecraft field and has a better recognition effect than other models in terms of accuracy, recall and F1 value.


In this paper, we explore the possibility of using the WaveNet architecture as a statistical vocoder. In that case, the generation of speech waveforms is locally conditioned only by acoustic features. Focusing on the single speaker case at the moment, we investigate the impact of the local conditions as well as that of the amount of data available for training. Furthermore, variations of the WaveNet architecture are considered and discussed in the context of our work. We compare our work against a very recent work which also used WaveNet architecture as a speech vocoder using the same speech data. More specifically, we used two female and two male speakers from the CMU-ARCTIC database to contrast the use of cepstrum coefficients and filter-bank features as local conditioners with the goal to improve the overall quality for both male and female speakers. In the paper we also discuss the impact of the size of the training data. Objective metrics for quality and intelligibility of the generated by the WaveNet speech as well as subjective tests support our suggestions.


Objectives: In the EXTREME trial, a combination of cisplatin or carboplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cetuximab was superior to cisplatin/carboplatin plus 5-FU for first-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). With the aim of improving fluoropyrimidine-related tolerance without decreasing its efficacy, the safety and efficacy of carboplatin plus the oral fluoropyrimidine tegafur and cetuximab were investigated. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 104 patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC was conducted. Patients were treated with carboplatin (area under the curve: 5 mg/mL/min) on day 1, oral tegafur (250 mg/m2 twice daily) for 21 consecutive days, and cetuximab (400 mg/m2 as an initial 2-hour intravenous infusion, then 250 mg/m2 as a 1-hour weekly infusion for 3 weeks) for ≤6 cycles. Patients who responded to the therapy then received weekly cetuximab maintenance therapy. Results: Treatment was well tolerated with a high level of compliance (relative dose intensity: 96%, 88%, and 81% for carboplatin, tegafur, and cetuximab, respectively). Grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs) were observed in 38% of patients (skin reactions in 17% of patients, anemia 4%, and neutropenia 3%). Grade 1-2 AEs included skin reactions (52% of patients), hypomagnesemia (20%), asthenia (19%), and anemia (13%). No venous thrombosis related to chemotherapy perfusion was observed. Over a median follow-up of 21 months, the median overall and progression-free survival were 11 and 6 months, respectively, and the overall response rate was 35%. Conclusions: Carboplatin plus oral tegafur and cetuximab is a safe, well-tolerated first-line therapy for recurrent or metastatic HNSCC.


Introduction Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) is the causative agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy1, a disease that is found with high prevalence in all countries with industrial pig production. The infection is known to cause disease in different age groups. In pigs between 6 to 20 weeks of age the endemic form called Porcine Intestinal Andenomatosis (PIA) is predominant. The clinical signs are diarrhoea, ill-thriftiness and wasting. The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of LI detected in faeces on Average Daily Gain (ADG) in grower-finisher pigs..


Background:
 The systemic inflammation and oxidative stress of obstructive lung disease could promote cerebrovascular dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity, thereby increasing stroke risk
 1-2
 . There have been studies in the literature supporting an increased risk for stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) in patients with obstructive lung disease
 3-4
 . We aim to assess whether this association is confirmed using data collected from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS).

 Methods:
 This is a secondary analysis of CHS. The primary outcome is ischemic stroke and the secondary outcome is hemorrhagic stroke. The primary predictor is abnormal pulmonary function at the baseline visit, defined as FEV1<80% of predicted. We fit Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for baseline covariates that were associated with the outcomes, which for ischemic stroke included age, race, smoking, cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and history of TIA or myocardial infarction; and for hemorrhagic stroke included age, cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension.

 Results:
 We included 5,438 patients, of whom 880 (16.2%) had ischemic stroke and 142 (2.6%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Mean (SD) days of follow-up was 4,458 (2,499). There were 331/5,438 (6.1%) of patients with abnormal pulmonary function at baseline, who had a higher risk of ischemic stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05-1.76, p=0.019) (Figure 1). This remained significant in the adjusted multivariate model (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.90, p=0.013). Abnormal pulmonary function was not associated with hemorrhagic stroke risk in either the unadjusted (p=0.635) or adjusted models (p=0.659).

 Conclusion:
 Patient's with a reduced FEV1<80% were found to have an increased risk for ischemic stroke. However, this was not associated with an increased risk for hemorrhagic stroke, suggesting a less robust link between obstructive lung disease and hemorrhagic stroke risk.


This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of a distinctive MEMS gripper electrothermally driven jointly by a new metallic V-shape actuator (VSA) and a set of modified Guckel U-shape actuators (mUSA). The modification of the angle (90°± ) between the hot and cold arms in the mUSA facilitates desired unidirectional in-plane displacement and thus increases the opening of the gripper. A tip opening up to 173 m has been measured within the operating voltage range. This unique configuration distinguishes this MEMS gripper from others in the capability of generation of larger tip displacement and greater holding force. The metallic structures allow a low operating voltage and low overall power consumption. MetalMUMPs is employed to fabricate the device, in which electroplated nickel is used as the structural material.


Martian Geology![Figure][1]

Voids in martian surface strata show where sand dunes once existed.

CREDIT: M. D. DAY AND D. C. CATLING, J. GEOPHYS. RES. PLANETS 10.1029/2018JE005613 (2018)

Sand dunes are imposing physical structures, but few signs of them are preserved in the geological record


Twenty six nitrogenous compounds were tested for uncoupling activity from water to methylviologen in spinach chloroplasts. No correlation was found between photophosphorylation and pKb or partition coefficient. Thus basic strength is not related with uncoupling phenomena, suggesting that nitrogenous bases are not protonated during uncoupling. Steric effect is also unimportant for uncoupling. New discovered uncouplers were acetamide, hexylamide and trichloroacetamide, which are all very efficient uncouplers. Acetamide accelerates electron transport and decreases ATP synthesis. However, it increases net proton uptake at low concentration, and collapses proton gradient at high concentration. 1,12 Diaminododecane is also a very efficient uncoupler'but it does not have any relationship with other diamines tested; it causes reversible shrinkage to the chloroplast, which suggests that it is not a detergent type of uncoupler.


headaches are primary and they have beginning nocturnal or on awakening. They are classified in three groups: Nocturnal Migraine, Cluster Headache, and Hypnic Headache. All three types show a positive therapeutic response to lithium and the average dose is from 300 to 900 mg at bedtime. Objective:Objective:Objective:Objective:Objective: To review the headaches that have nocturnal or on awakening beginnings and those which demonstrate a therapeutic response to lithium. Method: Method: Method: Method: Method: We reviewed the literature on lithium and its historical and pharmacological aspects, and its use in the treatment of nocturnal headaches. Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: Lithium is an efficient drug in the treatment of nocturnal headache and headache on awakening. a literatura sobre o lítio quanto ao seu histórico, sua farmacologia e a sua utilização clínica no tratamento das cefaleias noturnas. Conclusão: Conclusão: Conclusão: Conclusão: Conclusão: O lítio é uma medicação eficaz no tratamento da cefaleia noturna e ao acordar.


Abstract : This is one of two reports produced to document the 1990 U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences Survey of Employers. The Survey of Employers was designed to obtain civilian employers' perceptions of the availability and importance of the skills and abilities that can be acquired by all first-term enlisted soldiers. These data are being used to develop a model of the influence employers' attitudes and practices may have on Army enlistments. Survey questionnaires were mailed to a stratified random sample of 2,145 presidents and chief executive officers of American businesses. This volume documents the methods used for the employer survey project. Technical appendixes include a data codebook, survey instrument, and administrative documents.


This thesis focuses on the later prehistory of the Strait of Georgia, the poorly understood period between A.D. 400 and 1200. Archaeological excavations undertaken in 1971 at the Belcarra Park site (DhRr 6 ) , a large prehistoric site located on the east shore of Indian Arm northeast of Vancouver, provides the information on which the study rests. A description and analysis of the prehistoric and historic cultural materials recovered from that site is presented and comparisons are made with other assemblages from sites on the lower Fsaser River and Strait of Georgia. Analysis of the artifactual and stratigraphic data from the fifteen excavation units at the Belcarra Park site has resulted in the isolation of two discrete occupations. Comparisons of the earliest occupation (Belcarra Park I) with other assemblages indicates that it is a cultural component of the previously-defined Locarno Beach phase, and probably dates between 800 and 200 B.C. The stratigraphically younger component (Belcarra Park II), dated between the 4th and 9th centuries A.D., is markedly different in content and bears more resenblance to components of the Whalen I1 and Stselax phases. Three alternative hypotheses are examined to explain the cultural differences between the two components, and it is argued that a gradual cultural change based upon the introduction of new techniques to exploit the environment is the most likely explanation to date.


Since the early 20th century, Malaysia has relied on the "import" of
foreign labor, which led to the gradual institutionalization of a state regulated labor migration regime at the beginning of the 1970s. The article illustrates the historical emergence of the labor migration regime in the context of Malaysia's capitalist development and growth dynamic. It is argued that the labor migration regime promoted the formation of a precarious, low-skilled class fraction of labor migrants, functioning as a reserve army for the Malaysian economy.


Center around the economic construction and promote the development of socialism in China.But with the impact of economic growth alone,there were also some new problems.The concept--strategy of building a moderately prosperous society and the Scientific Outlook on Development being brought up marked the deep understanding of the socialist modernization.The concept of development has profound cultural connotations.Only understand the advanced culture's role in socialist modernization correctly,can the quality of building a moderately prosperous society be improved.


The Warthin-like variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (WL-PTC) was first introduced by Apel et al.1 in 1995 as an extremely rare subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) that is characterized by papillary architecture, lined by Hurthle cells, with classical cytologic features of PTC cells, and a heavy lymphocytic stroma of the papillary core. WL-PTC is now classified in the World Health Organization terminology as a special subtype of an oncocytic variant of PTC.2 Its histopathological features have been relatively well documented in cases that followed the first 13 that were described by Apel et al.1,2 However, the cytologic features of WL-PTC in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are described rather poorly and by only a few authors.3,4,5,6 Although Kim et al.7 have documented the cytologic features of an oncocytic variant of PTC in a Korean patient, FNAC of WL-PTC has not been reported in Korea.

FNAC is being used widely for initial diagnosis of thyroid lesions for a treatment plan decision. The first cytological picture of WL-PTC highly resembles that of benign lymphocyterich thyroid lesions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Therefore, knowledge about key points in the differential cytological diagnosis is essential for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Here, we present WL-PTC with FNAC for the first time in Korea in a teaching case involving liquid-based cytology (LBC) preparation in a 31-year-old woman.


Lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on Earth, has great potential to replace petrochemical-based polymers in the production of value-added products. However, lignin is difficult to extract from lignocellulose because of the recalcitrance of the latter. Herein, the extraction of lignin from lignocellulose using deep eutectic-like solvents (DESs) as green solvents was investigated. Three types of DESs were used, and the effects of treatment temperature (100, 110, and 130 °C) and time (6, 12, and 24 h) on lignin yield and its characteristics were studied. For each DES, the yield of DES-lignin increased with reaction temperature and time. At the same time, the lignin yield obtained using different DESs decreased in the order of choline chloride/lactic acid > betaine/lactic acid > K2CO3/glycerol. At higher temperatures and longer reaction times, lignin with a high molecular weight was produced, which was attributed to the recondensation of lignin fragments. Furthermore, the methoxyl and hydroxyl group contents decreased with increasing reaction temperature and time. Thermal stability studies revealed that the increased molecular weight of DES-lignin enhanced its thermal resistance.


Echard examines how the selection and presentation of the final matter (mostly in Latin) in both MSS and editions of Gower's works affect the reader's perception of the poet's achievement and reputation. The variety that she reveals is concealed, of course, beneath the arrangement that has become familiar to us from the choices that Macaulay made for his edition. Where we are accustomed to read the author's assertions about his "survival through his works


[ Abstract: On the historical source value of toponyms. Toponyms as a source for the reconstruction of ethnic relations. – Besides constituting a crucial source material for linguistic history and onomastic research, toponyms occurring in historical sources (medieval charters) can be exploited also for the (history-related) purposes of other fields of research such as historiogra-phy (settlement and demographic history in particular), historic geography, ethnography, etc. When trying to map the ethnic composition of earlier times, representatives of historiography like to rely on data extracted on the basis of different layers of the origins of toponyms. However, it needs to be emphasized that such examinations presuppose special circumspection in order to avoid typical stumbling blocks exactly in the field of ethnic reconstruction whose possibilities I want to highlight here. My paper explores the question if toponyms occurring in early Hungarian linguistic monuments could be used for ethnic identification, and if this is the case, how we can draw conclusions related to questions of ethnicity based on linguistic results. In this respect we also need to examine the criteria based on which toponymic data appearing in charters can be linked to certain (Hungarian, German, Turkish or any of the Slavic) languages. Onomastic correlations, information on the evolution of names as well as


During the last five years, the use of permanent downhole gauges has proliferated in the industry. The availability of true bottomhole pressure (BHP) is imperative in validating/improving reservoir models. Similarly to the extrapolation of BHP from surface readings, the use of BHP to extrapolate formation pressure may lead to significant errors in reservoir models that do not provide operators with the competitive edge needed in the current market. Consequently, there is a drive to monitor formation pressure in-situ by placing pressure and temperature gauges in direct contact with the formation.
 In recent years, operators have been drilling larger holes, deploying gauge systems on the exterior of the casing, and cementing the gauge systems in place for multiple purposes. In artificial lift applications, cemented gauge systems have helped operators to avoid costs of decompleting and redeploying gauge systems on tubing whenever the electric submersible pumps (ESP) must be serviced, or perhaps whenever operators want to convert an observation well to a producing well.
 In unconventional plays, technologies involving quartz pressure and temperature gauges, oriented perforating, and well conditioning practices can enable operators to deploy multiple real-time downhole pressure and temperature gauges on casing across long horizontal sections of a wellbore. This, in turn, can provide valuable production data with which to understand cluster production performance, cross-well communication, fracture azimuth, well spacing, and stage-length production implications.
 Cemented gauges enable operators to understand pressure dynamics in the overburden, cap rock, or reservoir sections. The permanently installed, casing-deployed gauges connect to the surface through cable or through deployment of wireless inductive coupling technology.


Experimental values of the NMR spin-lattice relaxation time (T 1) of o-aminobenzoic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, o-chlorobenzoic acid, p-chlorobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid and mutual viscosity (η12) of o-chlorobenzoic acid, m-chlorobenzoic acid and p-chlorobenzoic acid have been reported. The experimental values of T 1 have been correlated with the calculated value of T 1 obtained using different equations of dielectric relaxation time (τ). It is concluded from this comparative study that Murty's equation is a better representation of the dielectric relaxation phenomenon. It is also concluded that the mutual viscosity (η12) is a better substitute for the resistance to the rotation of the individual solute molecule.


HADES S.A. will be a company that has as primary objective provide, to the community, funeral products and services, destined to the temporal or perpetual custody of mortal remains of human beings. It will open with the brand: "Campos Eliseos". The first stage of this business plan is to purchase a 5 hectare site in the north of Quito, Zambiza area, to build a graveyard with modern installations and park appearance. The strategy that's going to be applied is differentiation, because it will supply the innovator service of Promession their clients. Promession is the last generation of funeral services, that using top of the line technology, used in Europe and the United States of America, using liquid nitrogen. It freeze's and then it uses vibration to reduce the body remains into ashes. This is an ecologically- conscious process because it doesn't produce any contaminant to soil nor atmosphere, compared with cremation or traditional bury. As we are talking about of a massive consume service, we have to focus on all the socioeconomic segments, wich, all the people living in Quito that are financially speaking suitable for purchasing this products and services, specially the ones older than 35. That's why in all the surveys, interviews and focus groups were made taking this in mind. The operation will began immediately after the construction is over, that takes about twelve months. Nevertheless, the advertising begins in parallel with the construction of the installations to be able of introducing the brand in the consumers mind and start earning the wanted market share. To take this business plan through its necessary a initial investment of $1'200,000.00 where it's included the total working capital of $130,000.00 that's needed for three months of work. Using this values as well as the calculated possible demand, it results a high profit business in all the analyzed scenes.


Fetal growth is generally considered in terms of birth weight and it is consequently often difficult to make comparisons with postnatal growth. Nevertheless, there are fundamental differences between the regulation of growth before and after birth, and the significance of endocrine regulators of growth differs greatly. Retardation of fetal growth is a major clinical concern: there is an exponential relationship between the degree of growth retardation and perinatal morbidity and mortality.


A numerical study of natural convection heat transfer through an
 alumina-water nanofluid inside L-shaped cavities in the presence of an
 external magnetic field is performed. The study has been carried out for a
 wide range of important parameters such as Rayleigh number, Hartmann number,
 aspect ratio of the cavity and solid volume fraction of the nanofluid. The
 influence of the nanoparticle, buoyancy force and the magnetic field on the
 flow and temperature fields have been plotted and discussed. The results show
 that after a critical Rayleigh number depending on the aspect ratio, the heat
 transfer in the cavity rises abruptly due to some significant changes in flow
 field. It is also found that the heat transfer enhances in the presence of
 the nanoparticles and increases with solid volume fraction of the nanofluid.
 In addition, the performance of the nanofluid utilization is more effective
 at high Rayleigh numbers. The influence of the magnetic field has been also
 studied and deduced that it has a remarkable effect on the heat transfer and
 flow field in the cavity that as the Hartmann number increases the overall
 Nusselt number is significantly decreased specially at high Rayleigh numbers.


Introduction. Gallstone is a common disease in adults especially in fat people and is rarely seen in children. The aim of this study is to present our preliminary experiences and outcomes in pediatric laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and methods. The first 18 gallstones patients operated in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children "Louis Turcanu" Timisoara – Romania were analyzed between (January 2013 present). Data was collected on age, weight, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), comorbidities, time of surgery, number of ports used, using of drain and antibiotics. Results and discussions. The study included 14 females and 4 males patient with age ranging from 2-17 years (mean 12.7). The weight of the patients ranged between 12-73 kg (mean 49.9) with BMI ranging between 16.8-28.2 (mean 21.3). Three patients were overweight, however obesity and morbid obesity was absent in this cohort. With regards to the pathology: : 2 patients presented hypercholesterolemia, 1 patient had anemia, 1 patient cystitis, and another presented muscular dystrophy with 13 patients having no associated pathology. Out of the whole lot of patients 4 patients presented cholecystitis and one associated jaundice. In 8 patients a 3-port technique was used, while a 4-port procedure was preferred in 10 patients. Drains were placed and antibiotics administered in all patients. The most commonly used antibiotic was Ampicillin. Mean number of postop days was 4.41. Conclusions. Interesting in our cohort was that obesity did not play a role in gallstones. Technical skills were improved during our learning curve in cholecystectomy. Our data was comparable to most other series in their learning curve.


Inflammation is the host's protective response to any stimulus that harms the body. Excessive inflammatory process causes tissue damage. Therefore, an anti-inflammatory agent is needed. The use of natural ingredients, especially sea sponges, is an option to reduce the side effects of anti-inflammatory agents. This utilization is related to the discovery of new agents. So, we tested the effect of the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. as an anti-inflammatory agent. Animal induced with 1% carrageenan and left for 1 hour. After that the animals were divided into 6 groups (n = 4) and given oral treatment, namely: Group I (normal group); Group II (negative group); Group III (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration of 0.05mg/ml); Group IV (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration 0.1mg/ml); Group V (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration 0.2mg/ml); and Group VI (positive group, Diclofenac Sodium). After 1 hour, the animals were measured for edema volume and plasma TNF-α levels. Based on the research conducted, the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. decreased edema volume and plasma TNF-α levels in inflammatory mice. The concentration of 0.2mg/mL had a significant effect on the negative control used (p <0.05). On the other hand, Petrosia sp. indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. They may play an important role in the anti-inflammatory process. Thus, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. has anti-inflammatory activity.


Application, taking liquid samples, storage, discloses a card comprising a sintered porous plastic which may be used in the delivery of the transport and / or analysis device. Sintered porous plastic material provides a unique porous structure, inert substrate, precision liquid holding capacity, and dry quickly, it is easy to cut and handling.


The aim of the article is to give insight into reading comprehension and the role of prior knowledge in reading literary texts in Spanish as a foreign language. In order to achieve this, the author conducted a survey to investigate understanding and inferencing in understanding of the culturally marked text elements in three literary texts fragments. The subjects were students of the first and the second year of Spanish language and literature. The results indicate that it requires both linguistic and cultural knowledge to establish adequate comprehension and that the knowledge of the language cannot compensate for insufficient knowledge of the world.


Objective:To investigate the thoracoscopic pulmonary bulla resection effects on stress response,effective accumulated experience to guide clinical practice.Methods:From June 2012 to May 2014 in our hospital,60 cases of patients with Ⅰ~Ⅲ pulmonary bullae as the object of observation;respectively into observation group(30cases)and control group(30cases);observation group were given thoracoscopic pulmonary bulla resection therapy;control group by thoracotomy pulmonary bulla resection in the treatment of observation;stress reaction.Results:(1)The observation group BP,HR and SpO2 are relatively stable,and no significant difference(P0.05);control group BP,HR fluctuations significantly(P0.05);comparison between groups,differences in BP,HR and BP in resection of significantly(P0.05).(2)Glucose,adrenaline,cortisol in to thyroxine level,patients in the two groups after operation,blood glucose were increased significantly(P0.05);preoperative,in control group was significantly higher than that after the change,the observation group(P0.05).Conclusion:Pulmonary bulla resection,thoracoscopic methods on stress reaction of patients with body relatively light,small trauma,quick recovery,help to improve the quality of life of patients,and help the patients recover at an early date,has clinical value.


We present a simple and highly efficient analytical method for solving the Quanto Skew problem in Equities under a framework that accommodates both Equity and FX volatility skew consistently. Ease of implementation and extremely fast performance of this new approach should benefit a wide spectrum of market participants.


The existing problems of the soil and water conservation monitoring of development projects in new era is analyzed.At last,the countermeasure is presentend.


Interpretation [CC77] is used to compute invariants about cache contents. How the behavior of programs on processor pipelines is predicted follows in Section 0.3. 0.2.1 Cache Memories A cache can be characterized by three major parameters: • capacity is the number of bytes it may contain. • line size (also called block size) is the number of contiguous bytes that are transferred from memory on a cache miss. The cache can hold at most n = capacity/line size blocks. • associativity is the number of cache locations where a particular block may reside. n/associativity is the number of sets of a cache. If a block can reside in any cache location, then the cache is called fully associative. If a block can reside in exactly one location, then it is called direct mapped. If a block can reside in exactly A locations, then the cache is called A-way set associative. The fully associative and the direct mapped caches are special cases of the A-way set associative cache where A = n and A = 1, resp. In the case of an associative cache, a cache line has to be selected for replacement when the cache is full and the processor requests further data. This is done according to a replacement strategy. Common strategies are LRU (Least Recently Used), FIFO (First In First Out), and random. The set where a memory block may reside in the cache is uniquely determined by the address of the memory block, i.e., the behavior of the sets is independent of each other. The behavior of an A-way set associative cache is completely described by the 0.2. CACHE-BEHAVIOUR PREDICTION 9 behavior of its n/A fully associative sets. This holds also for direct mapped caches where A = 1. For the sake of space, we restrict our description to the semantics of fully associative caches with LRU replacement strategy. More complete descriptions that explicitly describe direct mapped and A-way set associative caches can be found in [Fer97, FMW99]. 0.2.2 Cache Semantics In the following, we consider a (fully associative) cache as a set of cache lines L = {l1, . . . , ln} and the store as a set of memory blocks S = {s1, . . . ,sm}. To indicate the absence of any memory block in a cache line, we introduce a new element I; S′ = S∪{I}. Definition 2 (concrete cache state) A (concrete) cache state is a function c : L → S′. Cc denotes the set of all concrete cache states. The initial cache state cI maps all cache lines to I. If c(li) = sy for a concrete cache state c, then i is the relative age of the memory block according to the LRU replacement strategy and not necessarily the physical position in the cache hardware. The update function describes the effect on the cache of referencing a block in memory. The referenced memory block sx moves into l1 if it was in the cache already. All memory blocks in the cache that had been used more recently than sx increase their relative age by one, i.e., they are shifted by one position to the next cache line. If the referenced memory block was not yet in the cache, it is loaded into l1 after all memory blocks in the cache have been shifted and the 'oldest', i.e., least recently used memory block, has been removed from the cache if the cache was full. Definition 3 (cache update) A cache update function U : Cc ×S →Cc determines the new cache state for a given cache state and a referenced memory block. Updates of fully associative caches with LRU replacement strategy are pictured as in Figure 4. Control Flow Representation We represent programs by control flow graphs consisting of nodes and typed edges. The nodes represent basic blocks. A basic block is a sequence (of fragments) of instructions in which control flow enters at the beginning and leaves at the end without halt or possibility of branching except at the end. For cache analysis, it is most convenient to have one memory reference per control flow node. Therefore, our nodes may represent the different fragments of machine instructions that access memory. For non-precisely determined addresses of data references, one can use a set of possibly referenced memory blocks. We assume that for each basic block, the sequence of references to memory is known (This is appropriate for instruction caches and can be too restricted for data caches and combined caches. See


In China, the separation of pipeline network effectively promotes the process of natural gas market-oriented reform and leads to the inclination of pipeline pricing autonomy to the middle party. In order to strengthen the safety of pipeline operation, PipeChina tends to increase the investment cost and increase the uncontrollability of pipeline price. Pipeline tariff is the bottleneck factor to adjust the revenue flow between shippers and carriers. Analyzing the behavior strategy choice of shippers and carriers in price game of pipeline transportation and exploring the supervision strategy of tariff are the key measures to ensure the virtuous cycle of natural gas industry chain. Combined with the results of strategic game among upstream companies, PipeChina and the Chinese government, it is found that PipeChina tends to overinvest in the construction of 'luxury pipelines', which delays the transportation of upstream companies. Therefore, it is urgent to introduce government supervision to regulate pipeline investment and operation cost. Therefore, China should actively improve the laws and regulations on tariff, promote the market mechanism of tariff, implement tariff based on the maximization of social welfare, and establish the 'joint management committee' of tariff inspection department, so as to reasonably regulate the pipeline tariff. This research was carried out with these main objectives to analysis on Price Game of Natural Gas Pipeline Tariff under the Background of Pipeline Network Separation and b) to Supervision Natural Gas Pipeline Tariff in China.

http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-145603-75701?filename=Analysis on Price Game.pdf


Gazakh-Karabakh region is one of the main agricultural regions of the republic. The development of agriculture in this region depends on a number of factors. The geological structure and relief of the region affect the efficient location of agricultural lands. The topography of the region must be well studied in order to properly locate agricultural areas. The slope of the relief should be a key factor to consider when locating farms properly. Taking into account the relief of the area, it is possible to achieve high productivity by properly locating agricultural areas. This will lead to the expansion of agro-industrial complexes in our country. Key words: Endogenous relief forms, exogenous relief forms, import cones, arid-denudation relief forms


This paper makes the proposition that the only statistical analyses to achieve widespread popular use in statistical practice are those whose formulations are based on very smooth mathematical functions. The argument is made on an empirical basis, through examples. Given the truth of the proposition, the question 'why should it be so?' is intriguing, and any discussion has to be speculative. To aid that discussion, the paper starts with a list of statistical desiderata, with the view of seeing what properties are provided by underlying smoothness. This provides some rationale for the proposition. After that, the examples are considered. Methods that are widely used are listed, along with other methods which, despite impressive properties and possible early promise, have languished in the arena of practical application. Whatever the underlying causes may be, the proposition carries a worthwhile message for the formulation of new statistical methods, and for the adaptation of some of the old ones.


The kinetics of distribution of ochratoxin A (OA) in chicken tissues was studied. Day-old chicks were fed a starter diet alone or containing 1 ppm OA. After 5 weeks, all chicks were intubated with 50 μg 3H-OA per chick. The highest level of radioactivity was found in kidney and liver 8 hr after intubation. Peak levels of OA in kidney, liver and breast were found to be 12, 4, and 0.2 ppb, respectively. Over 90% of the radioactivity was eliminated 48 hr after intubation. Moreover, when laying hens were fed a diet containing 0.5 or 5.0 ppm of OA for 2 weeks, the highest levels of OA were found in the kidney (124 ppb) and liver (80 ppb) also. Levels of OA in breast, leg and eggs of laying hens were found to be 8, 7, and 2.8 ppb, respectively.


The law market - the legal encounter in British East and Centra Africa, M. Chanook the development of the dual legal system in former Belgian Central Africa, F. Reyntjens jurisdiction as politics - the Gold Coast during the Colonial period, J. Simensen legal developments in the Maghrib, 1830-1930, J.-L. Miege the impact of European law on the Ottoman Empire and Turkey, E. Orucu European law and tradition in Japan during the Meiji era, 1868-1912, E. Seizelet the treaty system and European law in China, P.H. Ch'en colonial dilemma - Van Vollenhoven and the struggle between Adat law and Western law in Indonesia, C. Fasseur the Indian and British law machines - remarks on law and society in British India, D.H.A Kolff the "popularity" of the imperial courts of law - three views of the Anglo-Indian legal encounter, P. Price wives, widows and workers - women and the law in the Anglo-Indian legal ecounter, D. Engels symbiosis of indigenous and Western law in Africa and Asia - an essay in legal pluralism, F. von Benda-Beckmann law as a means and law an an end - some remarks on the function of the European and non-European law in the process of European expansion, J. Fisch.


Disclosed herein is a molded article, a foamed article, and the foamable resin comprising a propylene containing at least 50mol%, MWD (Mw / Mn) of greater than 5, a branching index (g ') of at least 0.95, and the use of pull stretching rheometer, melt strength measurement at 190 deg.] C of at least 20cN polypropylene resin. Also disclosed are methods of manufacturing molded articles and foamed articles of manufacture.


To date, MIMO research has focussed predominantly on communications within the VHF, UHF and SHF bands and has not been widely addressed in the lower frequency bands. This paper describes the results of experiments that have been performed to investigate the feasibility of utilising MIMO techniques within the HF radio band, with particular emphasis on the use of compact, heterogeneous antenna arrays.


This book examines the plans by the US Department of Energy to store nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in the Nevada desert.


tag=1 data=Ghostly Voices: some Observations on Song-Creation, Ceremony and Being in NW Australia

tag=2 data=Marrett, Allan

tag=3 data=Oceana,

tag=6 data=2000

tag=7 data=18-28.

tag=8 data=ABORIGINAL CULTURE

tag=9 data=WANGGA%DALY%NORTHERN TERRITORY%PPORT KEATS, PEPPIMENARTI

tag=10 data=Wangga songs are given to songmen by ghosts in dreams. By singing these songs in ceremony at Belyuen gain power over the ghosts of the recently dead and thereby conduct them away from human society.

tag=32 data=MARALUNG, ALAN%BARANDJAK BARRTJAP, TOMMY%LAMBUDJU, BOBBY


The electronic structure of cuprate superconductors is studied within the kinetic-energy-driven superconducting mechanism in the presence of out-of-plane impurities. With increasing impurity concentration, although both superconducting coherence peaks around the nodal and antinodal regions are suppressed, the position of the leading-edge midpoint of the electron spectrum around the nodal region remains at the same position, whereas around the antinodal region it is shifted toward higher binding energies, this leads to a strong deviation from the monotonic $d$-wave superconducting gap in the out-of-plane impurity-controlled cuprate superconductors.


Of course, it is vital to remember that while all protests might look the same on Twitter, they all have different causes, contexts and dynamics as well as varying motives and aims. They certainly all play out differently. Paul Mason's book 'It's All Kicking Off' is a stirring account of the global protests from a few years ago but it suffered from the author's desire to find a unifying radical ideal to link them all.