The theoretical framework of transnationalism has become more prominent within migration studies, examining how (im)migrants maintain connections with communities in their homeland (Sánchez, P. 2007a. "Cultural Authenticity and Transnational Latina Youth: Constructing a Meta-narrative Across Borders." Linguistics and Education 18: 258–282). Children's identities are also affected by maintaining ties to their parents' homeland through language. In California, a group of (im)migrants from Mexico, of Zapotec-speaking backgrounds, were among the families who wanted their children to maintain their Spanish language by enrolling in a dual immersion school. Although California has exhibited anti-immigrant rhetoric and legislated against bilingual education, some programs supporting heritage language maintenance continue to exist. This article presents interview data from 10 students who attended this school and their parents. Students maintained transnational and intergenerational ties to their families and communities in both Mexico and southern California through the maintenance of Spanish, but a subset of students who spoke Zapoteco as a heritage language also valued this language and used it as social capital.


In Nigeria today, terrorism has claimed waves with its dire consequences on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and living standards of the people. Terrorism has posed insecurity and hazards in the business environment, thereby, engineering unimaginable upheaval in the northern region of the country. This study aimed at examining the impact of terrorism on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises mortality rates and standard of living in the northern region of Nigeria. The study used both primary and secondary methods of gathering reliable and adequate data and information to achieve its purpose. The primary method includes the personal interview and questionnaire administered to the randomly selected respondents; and the secondary method includes textbooks, journal and internet. To analyze the data gathered for this study, descriptive statistical tool, tables and Chi-Square method were used. The study revealed that terrorism can lead to high mortality rate of SMEs and degradation of the living standards of the people in the northern part of Nigeria. It was concluded that terrorism will not only lead to high mortality rate of SMEs and degrade the living standards of the people, but may crumble the country's national economy at the long run if no vibrant measure is taken to halt the menace. The study therefore recommended that the government should formulate and implement vibrant policies and programmes as mechanism towards addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria and putting a halt to the menace.


With interest, we read the paper of Dardashti and colleagues describing shrunken pore syndrome as a predictor of mortality in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery [1]. Using Cox regression analysis, they found the ratio of cystatin Cbased eGFR (i.e. eGFRCAPA or eGFRCysC according to CKDEPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration); eGFR is the estimated glomerular filtration rate) and creatinine-based eGFR (i.e. eGFRLMrev or eGFRCrea according to CKD-EPI) to be a significant predictor of mortality in fully adjusted models [1–5]. These models showed that age, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure (i.e. a left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF,< 30%), hours spent in the intensive care unit, preoperative hemoglobin, units of plasma given, preoperative kidney function (i.e. combined cystatin C and creatinine-based eGFR) and shrunken pore syndrome (defined as an eGFRCAPA/eGFRLMrev of< 0.6 or< 0.7 as well as an eGFRCysC/eGFRCrea according to CKD-EPI< 0.6) as significant predictors of mortality [1]. Regardless of the definition and methods employed for the diagnosis of shrunken pore syndrome, the condition was independently predictive for mortality. The reason for this association could be due to the retention of biologically active substances, such as hormones, transport proteins, enzymes, and acute phase reactants [6]. It is hypothesized that retention of these molecules occurs as a consequence of the shrinking of the glomerular pores [7,8]. This process leaves filtration of very small molecules such as creatinine unimpeded, whereas low-molecular weight proteins are retained in circulation due to their diameter [1]. We had the chance to, almost simultaneously to Dardashti et al., report on the cystatin C/creatinine ratio as a predictor of mortality in a large collective of healthy seniors participating in the SENIORLAB study [6]. In that study, we identified the ratio of cystatin C and creatinine as an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality developing after a mean of 3.7 6 0.7 years of follow-up after baseline examination. Furthermore, in an unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis, we also described the ratio of cystatin C and creatinine-based eGFR to be associated with mortality. However, we did not investigate whether the ratio of cystatin C and creatinine-based eGFR was also linked to mortality in adjusted models. The purpose of this letter is to report whether the findings of Dardashti et al. can be reproduced in the SENIORLAB cohort. Briefly, to establish reference intervals for a large variety of laboratory tests, the SENIORLAB study consecutively included healthy elderly volunteers aged 60 years and older who resided in Switzerland [9,10]. After an overnight fasting period, participants were observed at baseline for anthropometric measurements, history-taking and blood sampling under optimal preanalytical circumstances. The samples were immediately processed for the measurement of more than 100 different laboratory tests. Kidney function markers, estimates of glomerular filtration rate, as well as other laboratory tests, were performed as previously described [6]. A followup survey recorded information about morbidity and mortality, as reported elsewhere [6]. The exclusion criteria for the present study were current steroid use, thyroid dysfunction (in order to reduce non-renal influences on cystatin C concentrations), C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration above 10 mg/L, and being underweight (body mass index [BMI]< 18.5, in order to reduce non-renal effects on creatinine concentrations). The study was approved by the responsible institutional review board (Kantonale Ethikkommission Bern) and was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients participating in the study. The SENIORLAB study is registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN53778569). A total of 1382 subjectively healthy participants (mean age 71.9 6 7.8 years; male proportion of 46.9%) were included in the study. Fifty-eight (4.2%) of the participants died after a mean of 2.2 6 1.2 years. The mean ratio of cystatin C and creatinine-based eGFR was 1.2 6 0.19 for the Caucasian, Asian, pediatric and adult cohort (CAPA) and Lund-Malm€o revised (LMrev) and 1.05 6 0.18 for the CKDEPI formulae. A Spearman rank correlation between the CAPA/LMrev and CKD-EPI eGFR ratios suggested a strong correlation (r1⁄4 0.93; p< 0.001; Figure 1). Surviving participants displayed significantly higher cystatin C and


A short and facile synthesis of a series of 2-aminoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives was accomplished in good yields via the intramolecular reductive cyclization of nitrocyano olefins promoted by TiCl4/Zn.


We formally show that there is an algorithm for dlog over all abelian groups that runs in expected optimal time (up to logarithmic factors) and uses only a small amount of space. To our knowledge, this is the first such analysis. Our algorithm is a modification of the classic Pollard rho, introducing explicit randomization of the parameters for the updating steps of the algorithm, and is analyzed using random walks with limited independence over abelian groups (a study which is of its own interest). Our analysis shows that finding cycles in such large graphs over groups that can be efficiently locally navigated is as hard as dlog.


geal mask during emergence from anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1998; 53: 540-4. 3 Nair I, Bailey PM. Use of the laryngeal mask for airway maintenance following tracheal extubation (Letter). Anaesthesia 1995; 50: 174-5. 4 Glaisyer HR, Pany M, Lee J, Bailey PM. The laryngeal mask airway as an adjunct to extubation on the intensive care unit (Letter). Anaesthesia 1996; 51: 1187-8. 5 Costa e Silva I~ BrimacombeJR. Tracheal tube/laryngeal mask exchange for emergence (Letter). Anesthesiology 1996; 85: 218. 6 Asai T. Use of the laryngeal mask during emergence from anaesthesia (Letter). Eur J Anaesthesiol 1998; 15: 379-82.


Increasing concern about the effects of agriculture on the environment has drawn attention to the inadequate scientific base on which many policy decisions are made. Decisions on how soil should best be protected from erosion demand knowledge of the risk of erosion and of the relative effectiveness of different conservation measures. Process-based erosion models are designed to provide this information. This paper outlines one such model, the European Soil Erosion Model (EUROSEM), which is being developed jointly by scientists from ten European countries. The model incorporates some of the best process-based erosion research being carried out in Europe and, compared with other similar models, contains novel features in the way rill–interrill interactions and the role of vegetation are described. Tests of the model in the UK show that it performs rationally and gives reasonable predictions of storm soil loss and runoff. Some examples of how the model might be used to evaluate conservation measures are provided.


The development of simple, nonsocial behaviors was observed in neonatal squirrel monkeys and cotton-top tamarins. One group of observed behaviors included rooting, orienting up, clasping, and grasping, and was assumed to be more directly related to maintenance of maternal contact and nursing than others such as visual and auditory orienting, crawling, walking, and climbing down. Comparison of the results with previously reported data from rhesus monkeys and galagos supported the hypothesis that neonatal behaviors related to maternal contact and nursing persist longer in species with relatively passive maternal behaviors than in species with relatively active maternal behaviors. In contrast, the development of neonatal behaviors not directly related to maternal contact and nursing was not found to vary reliably as a function of species.


The gain of this paper is to show role of the logistical components in sea transportation of dangerous cargoes. Besides, the attempt for defining risk factors coming from such transport transactions is undertaken. It is apparent that transportation of hazardous goods needs for an atypical logistics. First of all, preference is given to conservative ways to circumvent a risk. Prompt handling of ship 's commodity should be excluded. The stage of an obligatory overload of packing units also deserves the attention. The size of expenses should be sustained even in a case of large wholesale shipment. Logistics services reside in a reasonable manipulation by a cost of transportation. The dominating idea is to gain optimal cost indexes what enables the retailers to avoid responsibility even at the peak consolidation of commodity party. Preinsurance survey is an element of underwriting approach. The risks latent in the freight specifize a problematic character of transport operation. With the risks a qualification of expenses is excluded from the insurance interest. Any particular estimation of a dangerous effect is subjective. The company operator tends to avoid the acts of any adverse prospect. The operator does not intend to load a great number of risk portfolios on its own deduction. he unpredictability is inherent even for highly managed sea communications. Conventional mathematic models describing risk management can predict only a relative probability of the risk. Legal problems of risk factors remain to be solved.


Recently, focus has been placed on ocean energy resources because environmental concerns regarding the exploitation of hydrocarbons are increasing. Among the various ocean energy sources, tidal current power (TCP) is recognized as the most promising energy source in terms of predictability and reliability. The enormous energy potential in TCP fields has been exploited by installing TCP systems. The flow speed is the most important factor for power estimation of a tidal current power system. The kinetic energy of the flow is proportional to the cube of the flow's velocity, and velocity is a critical variable in the performance of the system. Since the duct can accelerate the flow speed, its use could expand the applicable areas of tidal devices to relatively low velocity sites. The inclined angle of the duct and the shapes of inlet and outlet affect the acceleration rates of the flow inside the duct. To investigate the effects of parameters that increase the flow speed, a series of simulations are performed using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS-CFX. Experimental investigations were conducted using a circulation water channel (CWC). Also, mooring system concepts are investigated using the commercial mooring analysis software WADAM and OrcaFlex. Due to other floating structures operating within a limited area, station-keeping is needed in order to keep the motions of the floating duct structures within permissible limits. In this study, methods for optimizing the mooring system of a floating duct-type tidal current power system in shallow water are investigated. Based on the performance and mooring analysis results of the 10 kW floating duct-type TCP system, a new design for a small capacity floating TCP system is introduced.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


We propose a frequency-sweep-free method for a SBS sensor, where the Brillouin shift is determined without the need of sweeping the frequency of any of the optical waves. This is implemented by generating simultaneous frequency tones in both probe and pump channels and by properly arranging their frequency values. The closest tone to the Brillouin shift receives the most amplification, and thus the Brillouin gain frequency center can be obtained from a single measurement. We experimentally demonstrate the feasibility with CW probes and pumps. The extension to a fast sweep-free Brillouin optical time domain sensing is performed through detailed simulations.


Prompting large language models has enabled significant recent progress in multi-step reasoning over text. However, when applied to text generation from semi-structured data (e.g., graphs or tables), these methods typically suffer from low semantic coverage, hallucination, and logical inconsistency. We propose MURMUR, a neuro-symbolic modular approach to text generation from semi-structured data with multi-step reasoning. MURMUR is a best-first search method that generates reasoning paths using: (1) neural and symbolic modules with specific linguistic and logical skills, (2) a grammar whose production rules define valid compositions of modules, and (3) value functions that assess the quality of each reasoning step. We conduct experiments on two diverse data-to-text generation tasks like WebNLG and LogicNLG. These tasks differ in their data representations (graphs and tables) and span multiple linguistic and logical skills. MURMUR obtains significant improvements over recent few-shot baselines like direct prompting and chain-of-thought prompting, while also achieving comparable performance to fine-tuned GPT-2 on out-of-domain data. Moreover, human evaluation shows that MURMUR generates highly faithful and correct reasoning paths that lead to 26% more logically consistent summaries on LogicNLG, compared to direct prompting.


The necessity and importance of applying the classified forecast for medium-term precipitation to the interbasin diversion are analyzed.Classification of the medium-term precipitation in Dahuofang Reservoir Basin is studied.According to the basin actual precipitation data from 3 to 7 days and forecasting precipitation released by Global Forecasting System(GFS) from May to September during 2001 to 2007 years,the classified statistics on forecasting precipitation is made by the methods of cluster analysis and error eigenvalue analysis.And the precision of precipitation forecast level and the usability of precipitation level forecast in the interbasin diversion are analyzed.The result shows that the classified forecast information for precipitation in Dahuofang Reservoir Basin can be used basically and it provides a reference for the interbasin diversion.


Objective To investigate the pathological features and indications of operative treatment of intraarticular calca- neal fractures.Methods Twenty-seven cases(31 feet)of calcaneal fractures were treated with surgical methods based on pathologi cal,CT and clinical features.There were 21 males and 6 females,the average age was 34 years old(range from 16 to 56 years old),3 cases were open fractures and 24 cases were closed.According to Sander's classification,9 cases were typeⅡfracture,11 cases typeⅢand 7 cases typeⅣ.Eight eases feet were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous osteosynthesis,3 cases with limited open reduction and external fixation,16 cases with open reduction and internal fixation.Results Twenty-seven cases were followed up for an average period of 13 months(ranged from 8 to 36 months).Evaluated according to the criteria of Creighton- Nebraska's score,16 cases assessed as excellent and good,5 cases as fair and 6 cases as poor.Three cases sustained superficial wound edge necrosis and were healed by local wound care.Two cases were suffered a further soft tissue and exposed internal fixa- tion.After local wound care,extracted internal fixation and transplanted soft tissue,they were healed and no osteomyelitis oc- curred.One case was suffered from walk ache and diagnosed traumatic arthritis by X-Ray,which was treated with subtalar arthrodesis.Conclusions To improve the operation effect,it is crucial to select the operation methods according to pathological and clinical characteristics,and to avoid complications.


This paper focuses on the various modalities of reform options available to Indian policy makers in order to improve the performance of its public sector enterprises. Specifically, it discusses three such reform options viz. Divestiture (whereby private ownership is inducted in publicly owned enterprises), Greenfield Privatization (whereby private sector is allowed to come and compete in areas hitherto reserved for public sector), and Cold Privatization (that is granting greater autonomy to managers of public sector enterprises by making them sign Memorandum Of Understanding). The paper concludes by stating that factors which enhance the level of competition in an economy may be a more important determinant of efficiency than a change of ownership per se. The emphasis, therefore must be towards creating a more competitive environment than merely transferring the ownership of assets from the public to the private sector.


Abstract An adaptive procedure for sequential clinical trials is considered, in which an increasing proportion of patients is assigned to the better of two treatments as evidence for it accumulates. The procedure considered is a multi-stage application of an optimum two-stage procedure. In the first stage of the two-stage procedure patients are assigned to each of two treatments and in the second all are assigned to the apparently better of the two treatments. The optimum two-stage procedure is one in which the proportions assigned to each of the treatments in the first stage, 2pθ and 2p(1 — θ), are such as to minimize a certain natural cost function, which depends on information available before the first stage and on the total number of patients to be treated. Multi-Stage application consists of recalculating the optimum two-stage θ at each point in the sequential stream of patients and interpreting it as the proportion of the next "small" batch of patients to be assigned to treatment 1. This multi-stag...


The National Socialist regime was, generally speaking, not interested in an outright levelling of social differentiation patterns, as they were present within the German society around 1933. On the contrary: old hierarchies were to be fought and new ones were to be established—both according to the Nazi administration's social ideology and, deriving from it, its racial ideology. The Hitler-Jugend, the Nazi's youth organization, can be subsumed under this conclusion. The following contribution takes a closer look at the particular fate of Jewish "Mischlinge," classified as such by the Nazi regime, in order to explore the question as to what extent the phenomena of social inequality occurred in the Nazi youth organization and how it can be ordered in a systemized manner. Two difficult fields of research are being united here: on the one hand, there is the research field regarding the Hitler-Jugend that is hardly manageable, but shows desiderata; and on the other hand, the thus-far rarely consequently and systematically conducted analysis ofthe National Socialists' repressive policies targeting the newly created population group of Jewish "Mischlinge" in Germany.


Since the mid-2000s, cultural and creative clusters, especially arts clusters, have flourished across cities and towns in China as a result of local governments' efforts to establish the cultural a...


World War I soldiers at a camp during World War I. Many are lying on the ground outside tents. Some are wearing pith helmets. Location probably the Middle East circa 1918. Original photographer is unidentified. Copy negative may have been made by Henry Armytage Sanders.
Other - Original print from this negative in album PA1-f-091
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).
Physical Description: Dry plate glass negative 3.25 x 4.25 inches


In three experimental series luncheon meat mixtures containing a brine of 3.8-4.0% NaCl and NaNO 2 of 33-48 mg per kg, and heavily inoculated with Clostridium sporogenes spores were treated with gamma radiation doses of 3-4 kGy, and a subsequent heat treatment of F 0 =0.5-0.86 min. In order to increase inhibitory effects on surviving spores, the pH of the meat paste was reduced from pH=6.2-6.5 to pH=5.5-5.7 by the addition of lactic acid or ascorbic acid, and the water activity of the paste was slightly reduced from its initial value of 0.95-0.96 by the addition of a salt-free enzymatic hydrolysate of soy protein, or potassium chloride or K-lactate prior to processing


This experiment was carried out in L. chinensis grasslands in northeast China. Grasslands that were 1) protected; 2) overgrazed and 3) mown were compared for gross rates of mineralization, nitrification and consumption during growth seasons. The 15 N isotope pool dilution technique in intact cores was used to study differences in nitrogen transformation within three management systems of L. chinensis grasslands. Sampling was carried out in the middle April, July and September respectively. In brief, Zincified iron cylinders (4cm diameter×10cm deep)were driven into soil, and then larger cylinders(8cm diameter×10cm deep)were driven into soil around the smaller ones in concentric form. The pair were removed and the soil between the two cylinders was placed in plastic bags, mixed, and subsampled for extraction with 2 mol/L KCl(about 30g dry soil to 150 ml KCl), the remaining soil was used for gravimetric moisture test. The inner cores were taking out, covered one end, solution of 95% 15 N enrichment 80μg 15 N/ml concentration of ether ( 15 NH 4) 2SO 4 or K 15 NO 3 was injected in 6 times from both ends as even as possible,the proportion is about 1g dry soil to 2μgN, after the injection, covered the both ends, placed into soil for incubation 24 hours, and then placed the soil in the core into a plastic bags, mixed, extracted with 2mol/L KCl. Filtrated the extraction, the filtrate then was used for NH + 4 and NO - 3 content analysis, distillation methods were used for the analysis. After acidification and concentration of the distillation, the 15 N enrichment was analyzed. The initial pool sizes were calculated from the sum of the ambient pool and the amount of N injected. The ambient pool sizes were estimated from KCl extracts of soil collected between the two cores in concentric circles. The amount injected was calculated from the volume times the concentration of injecting solutions divided by the mass of soil sample in the core. The equations of Kirkham and Bartholomew(1954) were used to calculate the gross rates of mineralization, nitrification, and consumption in the three management systems. Overall results indicate that gross mineralization rates of all the three management system were higher in July compared to the other months of testing, this is close related to soil moisture and temperature. As the grasslands have more rainfall in summer than any other seasons, also temperature is higher, this is benefit for microbe's activity. And rates of mineralization were highest in overgrazed L. chinensis grassland during the month of April at 21.3μg N/(g soil·d) while rates for mown grassland was highest in July at 38μg N/(g soil·d). The rate of protected L. chinensis grasslands was highest during September at 15.6μg N/(g soil·d). The gross rates of soil N mineralization are higher in protected L. chinensis grassland in average, the reason is that protect L. chinensis grassland have more organic N compared with the other two management systems. The patterns of gross nitrification rates have some differences with gross mineralization rates in the three management systems, the gross nitrification rates are higher in September in general. The rates were significant high in the overgrazed system compared to mown or protected systems in April and July, and the difference is not significant compared with mown region in September, the difference between overgrazed system and protected system is not significant. consumption of NH + 4 includes the sum of immobilization, autotrophic nitrification, volatilization, and other possible fates. The pattern of NH + 4 consumption rates has similar pattern with soil gross mineralization under the three management systems. The highest NH + 4 consumption occurred in July. Consumption of NO - 3 includes the sum of microbial denitrification, dissimilatory NO - 3 to NH + 4, and microbial assimilation. The pattern of NO - 3 consumption rates has similar pattern with soil gross nitrification under t


In this study we apply multiple regression analysis models to examine: i) associations between four types of family and peer victimization and child internet addiction, and ii) mediating effects of psychological symptoms on these associations. Data were collected from a national proportionately-stratified random sample of 6,233 fourth-grade primary school students in Taiwan in 2014. Bivariate correlations and sets of multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the direct effects of multi-dimensional victimization on child internet addiction and the indirect effects through psychological symptoms. The results reveal that being male and experiencing victimization (psychological neglect, physical neglect, witnessing domestic violence, and bully victimization) are associated with an increased risk of developing psychological symptoms and internet addiction among children. Moreover, we found that psychological symptoms partially mediate the associations between multidimensional victimization and child internet addiction, with the exception of physical neglect. In conclusion, we demonstrate: i) the direct and indirect effects of multidimensional victimization on the psychological symptoms and child internet addiction, and ii) the importance of early familyand school-based prevention and intervention in addressing related public health concerns of multidimensional victimization and child internet addiction.


In the deformed nucleus region, Warner has pointed out that the single particle structure of SU(3) bands in the U(6/12) schemes is analogous to Nilsson Model. However, the Nilsson description in W region discussed by Warner also allows the odd-nucleon to move in the 0h9/2 and 1f7/2 orbits For this reason, we introduce g-bosons and change U(6/12) to U(15/30). Our results show that the introduction of g-boson is necessary.


Objective To explore the significant changes of transcription factor GATA- 1 and nuclear factor erygthroid 2 (NF -E2) in megakaryocytes of bone marrow in children with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura( AITP). Methods Bone marrow were respectively aspirated from 25 children with AITP and 18 comparably normal children. Percoll density gradient and immunomagnetic beads methods were used to purify megakaryocytes from bone marrow. Immune cytochemistry was used to detect GATA - 1 and NF-E2 in megakaryocytes. Results Before treatment in children with AITP, the levels of GATA - 1 and NF - E2 in megakaryocytes of bone marrow were significantly higher than those of controls(P0.01). As to the cases who were much to intravenous immunoglobulin, the levels of GATA - 1 and NF - E2 were significantly higher in children after treatment than those before treatment (P0.01). Conclusions The expressions of GATA- 1 and NF- E2 are enhenced in AITP. GATA- 1 and NF- E2 have certain effects on proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocyte in children with AITP.


Abstract The "Big Five" personality construct has been developed within a Western context, to better operationalize the personality variable. The study reported here extends the work to Korea and finds the same personality structure represented in that country. Moreover, the extension is carried further by successfully linking the Big Five personality construct to both an accepted customer buying typology and to "product personality."


Water, weather, and climate affect everyone. However, their impacts on various communities can be very different based on who has access to essential services and environmental knowledge. At the same time, structural discrimination, including racism and other forms of privileging and exclusion, affects people's lives and health, with ripples across all sectors of society. In the United States, the need to equitably provide weather, water, and climate services is uplifted by the Justice40 Initiative (Executive Order 14008), which mandates 40% of the benefits of


This article outlines the proliferation threats of pathogen collections from the former Soviet biological weapons (BW) program and the inherent difficulties in safeguarding sensitive biological materials. It describes new U.S. government efforts to improve security conditions of these collections through the Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program. Finally, the article analyzes these U.S. programs and offers additional policy recommendations to reduce the proliferation threat from these dangerous pathogens.


In this research, Homotopy Perturbation Method(HPM) and Adomian Decomposition Method(ADM), as two known methods, is analyzed for solving Volterra integral from of the Lane-Emden equations. The result from both method are compared with the exact solution. It has been shown that these two methods are capable to get the similar result with exact solution, when solving Volterra integral from of the Lane-Emden equations. The efficiency of these two methods are demonstrated through several examples to show the ability of the methods in solving Lane-Emden equations of Volterra integral form. This research has determind that ADM is more reliable and efficient than HPM. The ADM requires shorter computational that HPM, but it yields more accurate results compared to HPM.


Three new series of processible polymeric precursors (PIN−HPZ, BCP−HPZ, DEB−HPZ) to SiNCB ceramic materials have been synthesized by reaction of hydridopolysilazane (HPZ) with the monofunctional boranes, pinacolborane (PIN−H), 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diaza-2-boracyclopentane (BCP−H), and 2,4-diethylborazine (DEB−H). Polymers can be prepared with a controllable range of boron contents from ∼1 to 5%. Spectroscopic and chemical studies indicate the boranes are attached to the hydridopolysilazane backbone via B−N linkages that primarily result from dehydrocoupling reactions. The isolation of small amounts of trimethylsilane and Me3SiNH-substituted borane side products (i.e., PIN−NHSiMe3, BCP−NHSiMe3, DEB−NHSiMe3) from the polymer reactions, as well as from model reactions of the boranes with hexamethyldisilazane, also suggest borane reactions at the Si−N bonds of the HPZ backbone lead to some polymer chain cleavage. Consistent with these observations, combined molecular weight/infrared spectroscopy studies show that...


Our slice-based 3D prostate segmentation method comprises of three steps. 2) Boundary deformation. First, we chose more than three points on the boundary of the prostate along one direction and used a Cardinal-spline to interpolate an initial prostate boundary, which has been divided into vertices. At each vertex, the internal and external forces were calculated. These forces drived the evolving contour to the true boundary of the prostate. 3) 3D prostate segmentation. We propoaged the final contour in the initial slice to adjacent slices and refined them until all prostate boundaries of slices are segmented. Finally, we calculated the volume of the prostate from a 3D mesh surface of the prostate. Experiments with the 3D US images of six patient prostates demonstrated that our method efficiently avoided being trapped in local minima and the average percentage error was 4.8%. In 3D prostate segementation, the average percentage error in measuring the prostate volume is less than 5%, with respect to the manual planimetry.


It is well recognised that feeding colostrum in sufficient quantities during the first two days of life is essential for healthy calves with fewer digestive disturbances. It makes sense to maximise the value of colostrum fed to calves to capitalise on these benefits.


e18059Background: HPV pos OPSCC is clinically and biologically distinct from tobacco/alcohol-related cancer. HPV-positive (pos) tumors have favorable prognosis and respond better to treatment. Stud...


Based on the method of moments, the two dimensional electrically large conducting object is divided into several small regions by employing spatial decomposition technique. Considering the coupling effect between sub regions, the surface currents are calculated with the progressive iterative numerical method, and the wide band RCS is obtained by asymptotic waveform evaluation technique. The numerical results presented in this paper are in good agreement with that achieved by the method of moments (MoM), and the proposed scheme exceeds considerably MoM in the computational efficiency.


Hypertension is associated with neuroinflammation and vascular damage, which when it occurs during pregnancy can have long‐lasting effects on maternal cognition and mood. During pregnancy, the maternal vasculature becomes more susceptible to injury which is especially true in pregnancies complicated with high blood pressure such as HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) and preeclampsia (PreE). Several studies have suggested that neuroinflammation in response to hypertension occurs in women with HELLP syndrome or PreE, however the cell types and brain regions that may be affected have not been fully identified. The objective of the current study was to determine if certain brain regions were more susceptible to neuroinflammation animal models with hypertensive pregnancies.


In view of the artificial neural network weights training problem, this paper proposed a method to optimize the network's structure parameters and regularization coefficient using two-layer Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This algorithm was applied to train Adaline network. Compared with fixed regularization coefficient method and Sliding Mode Variable Structure optimization method, the result showed that it had the advantages of high precision and strong ability of generalization.


Abstract Abstract. The nest defence behaviour of vole-eating Tengmalm's owls, Aegolius funereus , in the presence of a live American mink, Mustela vison, was studied. The study covered a 3-year vole cycle, where low, increasing and peak vole years followed each other in a predictable manner. First-year survival prospects of owlets in the increasing vole years were twice as high as in the low and peak years. Males may have adapted to local fluctuations in food abundance because of restricted natal and breeding dispersal, but nomadic females with wide natal dispersal may not possess such a response. As expected, male, but not female, nest defence was related to the survival prospects of offspring. Age-related differences in the intensity of nest defence were also studied. Surprisingly, a negative relationship was found between male age and the intensity of nest defence in the peak vole year. This suggests that before a vole crash, old males may have higher residual reproductive value than young ones or that old males may reduce their investment at a time when large investment in offspring is not beneficial.


Chronicles the International Swaps and Dealers Association's (ISDA's) compliance with the new credit derivative definitions. Adumbrates that the objectives are: to promote more transparency and liquidity in the market; provide objective assessment; and offers a range of choice for three things which are highlighted and discussed. Examines the definitions in depth giving lucid explanations. Concludes that the credit derivatives market has a strong base for future growth.


Numerous applications in 3D underwater sensor networks (UWSNs), such as pollution detection, disaster prevention, animal monitoring, navigation assistance, and submarines tracking, heavily rely on accurate localization techniques. However, due to the limited batteries of sensor nodes and the difficulty for energy harvesting in UWSNs, it is challenging to localize sensor nodes successfully within a short sensor node lifetime in an unspecified underwater environment. Therefore, we propose the Adaptive Energy-Efficient Localization Algorithm (Adaptive EELA) to enable energy-efficient node localization while adapting to the dynamic environment changes. Adaptive EELA takes a fuzzy game-theoretic approach, whereby the Stackelberg game is used to model the interactions among sensor and anchor nodes in UWSNs and employs the adaptive neuro-fuzzy method to set the appropriate utility functions. We prove that a socially optimal Stackelberg–Nash equilibrium is achieved in Adaptive EELA. Through extensive numerical simulations under various environmental scenarios, the evaluation results show that our proposed algorithm accomplishes a significant energy reduction, e.g., 66% lower compared to baselines, while achieving a desired performance level in terms of localization coverage, error, and delay.


A novel method to enhance the wide-angle scanning capability (WASC) of the array antenna is introduced in this letter, where can reduce the inter-element mutual coupling of the array and broaden the beam-width of the element in the array. Because of the bent metal plates, the horizontal and vertical currents are produced in the element of the array, which can extend the beam-width of the element in the array. Meanwhile, the decoupling function can be realized by the converse vertical currents from the adjacent antenna elements. Two 1×8 linear arrays are fabricated and tested to demonstrate the proposed method. The measured antenna performance accords with the simulated performance. The proposed array can scan the coverage of ±60° with a realized gain variation under 3 dB and lower side lobe level (SLL) under -7.9dB within the operating band from 4.5 to 5.0 GHz. Therefore, the proposed method has been demonstrated in the linear array and can be promoted to apply in the planar array for wireless communication systems, especially in the large coverage communication system.


Cote d'ivoire artist paints women as large as life THE beauty of the African women doesn't always fit the mold of "Western beauty." Skinny, long-limbed women who grace catwalks, magazine covers and beauty pageantsare the standard by which many women are judged. unfortunately, many Africans, especially the educated, have bought into this harmful misrepresentation of what true


In the paper, unsteady problems including immersed air sonic jet flow, jet interaction with a wall and injection into resonator space are investigated in the frame of 2D numerical approach. The resonator is a cylinder with a closed end and its axis coincides with the jet one. The cylinder diameter and the distance to the jet nozzle are varied to obtain different amplitudes and frequencies of the acoustic oscillations. The predicted frequencies of the process are in satisfactory agreement with experimental values.


This paper presents a modified modular multilevel converter with the three-terminal middle-cells inserted between arms and ac-side for medium voltage applications. It is intended to reduce the submodule capacitor voltage ripples by controlling the high-frequency powers flowing among arm branches for low-frequency output operations without common-mode voltage injected in ac-side. Due to the physical connection among the upper arm, the lower arm and ac-side, the middle-cell can be regarded as the excess degree of freedom to modify the dc-side and ac-side characteristics. Therefore, the common-mode voltage in ac-side can be eliminated by the inverse common-mode voltage produced by the middle-cell in ac-side. Moreover, owing to the unique structure of the middle-cell, the middle-cell capacitor voltage also results in a small ripple due to the high-frequency current flowing into it by proper control. The operation principle and control strategy of the middle-cell has been proposed in detail. Simulation and experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed topology.


The invention relates to a method for the treatment of transient errors in real-time systems, in particular for control devices of motor vehicles, which based on program code operation is continuously monitored by a flow control. In order to treat a variety of possible occurring within electronic control module hardware and software failures, without the availability of the system is limited, the program code (13) into a plurality of runtime objects (8, 12) is divided and upon detection of an error in a runtime object (8), the runtime object (8) terminated by the sequence controller (10) and performed a local error handler (11) within the runtime object (8) during the operating cycle, the error handling (11) associated with a the runtime object (8) comprises measure for achieving a safe state, and after completion of error handling (11) the execution of the next runtime object (12) is started.


The solution of the fourth order problem bounded in , and its Laplacian are approximated by polynomial finite elements of the same degree,. It is shown that in any subdomain the approximation to converges with 'nearly' the same order as the approximiation to u does provided u is sufficiently regular.


During an investigation in hemolysis, extending over about three years, a number of unsuspected phenomena have been encountered. The discovery of these phenomena has modified the original comparatively simple concept of hemolytic serum, so that in place of the two components at first regarded as the only active substances in such serum, at least a dozen components are now recognized.1 Some of these components have been found under certain conditions to be beyond experimental control, and unrecognized, to introduce serious error in hemolytic investigation. The experimental work, of which this paper is in a way a summary, was done with goat serum immunized against sheep corpuscles. The substances herein enumerated, therefore, must be regarded as found only in such serum. These substances are: i. Amboceptor. A specific, thermostable substance, or group of substances, formed in goat serum in response to repeated injections of washed sheep corpuscles. This substance is not destroyed by heating to 600 C. for several hours, or by standing at ordinary temperatures for months. Amboceptor is a necessary factor for the hemolysis of sheep corpuscles by goat serum; hemolysis not taking place in its absence, regardless of the number or the amount of the other serum components present. The action of amboceptor is not understood. The current belief that it is absorbed by corpuscles rests on doubtful experimental grounds, as the quantitative analysis of an amboceptor containing goat serum that has once been in contact with sheep corpuscles is at present out of the question.2 One can only say that contact with amboceptor in some way renders sheep corpuscles susceptible to


Abstract C. Wright Mills's critical work on international relations is well known, but is often dismissed as being unscholarly, reductionist, and overly polemical. However, seeing the work in the context of his earlier career can allow for a new perspective, with Mills's activist views on war and militarism shaped very clearly by his earlier theoretical and political commitments. Mills developed a distinctive political sociological understanding of international politics, theorising the state as a historically-situated structural determinant of international power: a network of elite power that was contextualised by the influence of the socially constructed realities of the international created by elites. Mills's crucial critical contribution was to see the role of the intellectual as criticising these realities through the imaginative reconceptualisation of the world, which he called the 'politics of truth'. The article argues the international politics of truth was not only Mills's distinctive theory of the international, but that it was clearly supported by his early theorisation of the international. A revised view of the importance of Mills's international relations work can help to situate Mills as part of a broader tradition of IR scholarship, a lost lineage of the critical historical and political sociology of the international.


We analyze the spectral efficiency (sum-rate per subcarrier) of randomly spread synchronous multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) subject to frequency-selective fading in the asymptotic regime of number of users and bandwidth going to infinity with a constant ratio. Both uplink and downlink are considered, either conditioned on the subcarrier fading coefficients (for nonergodic channels) or unconditioned thereon (for ergodic channels). The following receivers are analyzed: a) jointly optimum receiver, b) linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver, c) decorrelator, and d) single-user matched filter.


8-substituted-xanthine derivatives (I), their tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers or mixtures, and salts. 8-substituted xanthine derivatives of formula (I), their tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers or mixtures, and salts, are new: [Image] R 1>hydrogen; 1-8C alkyl; 3-8C alkenyl or alkynyl; 3-4C alkenyl substituted by 1-2C alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl (optionally substituted by 1 or 2 1-3C alkyl) or het-CO; 1-6C alkyl substituted by Ra; phenyl(1-6C)alkyl, optionally ring-substituted by R 1> 0>-R 1> 4>; phenyl(1-4C)alkyl, optionally substituted in alkyl by Rz and in the ring by R 1> 0>-R 1> 4>; R 1> 0>-R 1> 4>-substituted phenyl; phenyl(2-3C) alkenyl, phenyl (or naphthyl)-(CH 2) m-(A or B)-(CH 2) n, naphthyl(1-3C)alkyl or phenylcarbonylmethyl (all optionally ring-substituted by R 1> 0>-R 1> 4>); [1,4-napththoquinon-2-yl; chromen-4-on-3-yl; 1-oxo- or 1,3-dioxo-indan-2-yl; 2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-benzofuran-2-yl; heteroaryl-(CH 2) m-(A or B)-(CH 2) n; 1-6C alkyl-A-(CH 2) n; 3-7C cycloalkyl-(CH 2) m-A or B)-(CH 2) n; R 2> 1>-A-(CH 2) n; phenyl- or naphthyl-(CH 2) m-D-(1-3C)alkyl; Rb-substituted 2-6C alkyl, or 3-6C cycloalkyl; amino, or arylcarbonylamino; het : pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl or morpholin-4-yl; R 1> 0>-R 1> 4>, Rb and Rz : various substituents; m : 0-2; n : 1-3; A, B and D : various linking groups; R 2>hydrogen or a wide range of substituents; R 3>various substituents; R 4>a wide range of substituents. The full definitions are given in the DEFINITIONS (Full Definitions) Field. ACTIVITY : Antidiabetic; antiarthritic; antiinflammatory; immunosuppressive; osteopathic; antilipemic; antiarteriosclerosis; anabolic; cardiant; nephrotropic; antinfertility. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPPIV). The compound (R)-1,3-dimethyl-7-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-8-(3-aminopiperidin-1- yl)xanthine had IC50 against DDPIV expressed in Caco-2 cells of 22 nM.


Condillac as the inventor of a new materialism. The originality of Condillac's materialism does not lie in his ontology but in his theory of knowledge. The development of modern cognitivism enables us to judge more favourably its radically new elements, namely the rejection of faculties in favour of self-organisation and the explanation of intellectual performance by stacking up acquired systems of information processing. The role of language as action (affirming consists in pronouncing a statement) allows us to understand how the most abstract cognitive activity depends on the human being's corporeal participation in the world.


Summary 1. Erythromycin was bactericidal to low cell concentrations of growing S. aureus but not to heavy suspensions of the same growing cells. 2. Turbidity of the heavy suspension continued to increase after addition of erythromycin, although at a reduced rate. This increase was not paralleled by any increase in viable units. 3. Viable cells in a drug-treated suspension were still as sensitive to erythromycin as before addition of the drug. 4. Addition of a nitrate of a drug-treated, dense suspension to a dilute suspension of growing cells delayed onset and reduced rate of sterilization of these cells by erythromycin.


In the first CONCORD study, 5‐year survival for patients with diagnosed with rectal cancer between 1990 and 1994 was <60%, with large racial disparities noted in the majority of participating states. We have updated these findings to 2009 by examining population‐based survival by stage of disease at the time of diagnosis, race, and calendar period.


The article focuses on the criticism on the innovations in form, linguistic intricacies, and genre of the works of poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning (EBB) from several critics including Lorna Sage, Angela Leighton, and Helen Cooper. It explores the turning point for the restoration of her work in the late 1970s and her ideological battleground in establishing approaches in the 1980s. It examines the critical studies of EBB's work related to politics, gender, and religion.


Simple Summary Metastasis is the root cause of cancer death, responsible for roughly 90% of all cancer-related fatalities. Therefore, treating metastatic cancer is essential for optimal clinical management of these patients. Although there is currently no effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer, high-throughput approaches have identified novel molecules that are critical to tumor growth and metastasis in recent years. Novel therapies that target these molecules, such as immunotherapy, have been evaluated in both preclinical and clinical settings and have proven to be very promising in prolonging survival and relieving symptoms of metastatic disease, thereby enhancing the quality of life of patients. Due to the high intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity of cancer, the development of subtype-specific therapeutics and the use of combination treatments to simultaneously target multiple oncogenic signaling pathways may overcome drug resistance and achieve better clinical outcome for metastatic breast cancer. Abstract Breast cancer is now the most common cancer worldwide, and it is also the main cause of cancer-related death in women. Survival rates for female breast cancer have significantly improved due to early diagnosis and better treatment. Nevertheless, for patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer, the survival rate is still low, reflecting a need for the development of new therapies. Mechanistic insights into metastatic breast cancer have provided excellent opportunities for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Although high-throughput approaches have identified several therapeutic targets in metastatic disease, some subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer do not yet have an apparent tumor-specific receptor or pathway to target. Therefore, exploring new druggable targets in metastatic disease is a high clinical priority. In this review, we summarize the emerging intrinsic therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancer, including cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, the insulin/IGF1R pathway, the EGFR/HER family, the JAK/STAT pathway, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), TROP-2, Src kinases, histone modification enzymes, activated growth factor receptors, androgen receptors, breast cancer stem cells, matrix metalloproteinases, and immune checkpoint proteins. We also review the latest development in breast cancer immunotherapy. Drugs that target these molecules/pathways are either already FDA-approved or currently being tested in clinical trials.


OBJECTIVE
Racial/ethnic minorities in the United States not only experience discrimination personally but also witness or hear about fellow in-group members experiencing discrimination (ie, group-level discrimination). The objective of our study was to examine whether the effects of group-level discrimination on mental and physical health are different from those of personal-level discrimination among Black Americans by drawing upon social psychology research of the Personal/Group Discrimination Discrepancy.

DESIGN AND SETTING
We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data from a larger study.

PARTICIPANTS
One hundred and twenty participants, who self-identified as Black/African Americans during the laboratory sessions (57.5% women, mean age = 48.97, standard deviation = 8.58) in the parent study, were included in our analyses.

MAIN PREDICTOR MEASURES
Perceived personal-level discrimination was assessed with five items that were taken from two existing measures, and group-level racial discrimination was assessed with three items.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Self-reported physical and mental health were assessed with a modified version of SF-8.

RESULTS
Perceived personal-level racial discrimination was associated with worse mental health. In contrast, perceived group-level racial discrimination was associated with better mental as well as physical health.

CONCLUSIONS
Perceived group-level racial discrimination may serve as one of several health protective factors even when individuals perceive personal-level racial discrimination. The present findings demonstrate the importance of examining both personal- and group-level experiences of racial discrimination as they independently relate to health outcomes for Black Americans.


The utility model provides a hasp of uncapping for it connects to cover the box and the hasp between the case lid that close each other, tapered end and trip including the connection of mutual buckle, this tapered end is fixed in on the box, this trip is fixed in on the case lid, this tapered end includes the pedestal, buckle and buckle, this buckle one end and pedestal rotatable connection, the other end sets up the catching groove, this pedestal and catching groove corresponding position are provided with the elasticity bayonet catch that can be connected with this catching groove looks buckle, this buckle one end is the clamping part that can be connected with the mutual buckle of trip, other end rotatable connection is on the buckle, and the position that the buckle is connected with the buckle is arranged in between buckle and pedestal looks hookup location and the catching groove. The utility model provides a hasp of uncapping structure can make the box case lid keep inseparable closure.


In this paper,by fuzzy mulifactorial evalutions method,the annual Heilongjiang quarter economic data were analyzed.First of all,one of the six economic indexes is step analysed to determine matrix,eigenvector method in order to obtain the right of each index value,and its normalized.Second,to standardize the raw data,eliminating the impact of dimension and to the people is often thought excellent,good,medium,passing and poor obtaining a normal distribution critical value of 5-point evaluation system,selecting the appropriate membership function obtain the data for each grade of membership.Finally,the application of fuzzy mulifactorial evalutions of the mathematical model derived quarterly assessment of economic data for the various levels of membership are given under each quarter economic data,grades and evaluation results.


The present invention discloses a method for controlling start and stop an engine, comprising the steps of: 1) SOC value of battery is detected in real time, the oil supply amount of the engine, and engine operating parameters; 2) whether the engine is in a stopped state is determined, if yes, proceeds to step 3) ; if not, proceeds to step 4); the SOC value 3) determines whether the battery is less than the minimum energy of the current vehicle operation required, and if so, proceeds to step 5); if not, proceeds to step 8); SOC value 4) determines whether the battery is greater than the maximum energy of the current required for the operation of the vehicle, if so, proceeds to step 6); if not, proceeds to step 8); 5) start the engine; 6) the engine speed to idle, the engine idling and holding a first predetermined time period ; 7) the engine is stopped; 8) to maintain the current state of the engine. This approach improves the reliability of the engine. The present invention also discloses an engine start-stop control system, serial hybrid.


In this paper, an application of adaptive network fuzzy interference system classifier on EEG-SSVEP extraction for controlling an electronic wheelchair is proposed. In the experiment, four subjects with age about 25±1 years were tested. The experimental results reported in this work show that the implementation of the proposed method achieves a very significant statistical improvement in term of extracting the peak amplitude features. After a short practice time, most participants could learn to extract the EEG-SSVEP wave with greater than 80% accuracy.


The paper analyses the decision 170 of 2014 of the italian Constitutional court. The issue is the divorce imposed to the transsexual persons who change sex after marriage. The paper analyses the question also regarding a recent decision of the ECHR.


The present study was conducted to see the effect of supplementation of spinach leaves powder in commonly consumed baked products. Spinach leaves were dried in the shade for 6 to 8 hrs. to remove excess moisture followed by oven drying at 40-450C till complete drying. The dried leaves were ground in an electric grinder to obtain a fine powder. The powder was rich in essential minerals like calcium, iron, zinc and phosphorous. Biscuits were prepared using 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12% spinach leaves powder and evaluated for their sensory and nutritional quality. Spinach biscuits were found nutritionally rich in crude protein, dietary fibre, minerals and anti-oxidant activity in comparison to their respective control biscuits. Organoleptic properties of biscuits showed that 10% supplementation of spinach powder were more acceptable.


The beneficial effects of exercise in coping with stress/anxiety may be particularly important for women, as anxiety and depression increase after menopause. The present experiments examined anxiety‐like behaviors and corticosterone (CORT) levels induced by acute stress in female rats with or without estradiol benzoate (EB) after a single bout of exercise vs. 3 days of exercise before and after stress.


Abstract The present study proposes a relativization of the concept of tolerance by the Ottoman in the early classical period. The research method leaves from the premise according to which the historiographical productions reveal the "taste", expectations and thus the recipient public's ideals and attitudes. The rise of Ottoman historiography coincides with the state's proclamation as a great power. The study analyses the chronicles till the reign of Bayezid II and discusses only historical synthesis of this period. This is the time of searches and synthetization of ideological arguments and also a time in which different groups tried to impose themselves as great contributors. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the early ottoman sources confirms an aggressive line against the churches, but she does not impose herself as dominant.


Abstract This paper introduces several new approaches to stiffness calculation of the composite beam with a circular cross-section. The paper poses the problem of calculating the stiffness of the fibre-reinforced winded beam and introduces a new way of stiffness calculation. The novel semi-analytical calculation represents an approach that is less time consuming than conventional calculation methods or FEA methods. The expected application of the new method of calculation is in preliminary design and design calculations.


The "Highway Engineering Document of Prequalification for Standard Construction Invitation-to-bid and Standard Construction Invitation-to-bid Document" drafted by Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China proposed,enterprise market credit evaluation results should be linked with the bidding,and should give awards to companies with high credit ratings in many ways It has some shortcomings,so we should improve and perfect it in some ways such as upper and lower regulatory harmonization,smooth transition and so on.


promote social and environmental regulatory norms across a variety of political contexts in Asia and Latin America. The paper develops a typology of domestication strategies currently being used by global private regulators and examines the effects of these strategies on supporting or undermining the overall values and purposes of global regulatory agendas. The paper shows that when global norms were perceived to challenge local practices in ways that established local powerholders found disrespectful or threatening, the legitimacy of these norms was frequently challenged. The effects of the resulting power and legitimacy struggles on the strengthening or weakening of global regulatory standards remained highly contingent on path-dependent contests between competing regulatory coalitions at both local and global levels.


between analyst and patient. I have enjoyed reading and thinking about this book. I think it is can be considered an important document of the actual relevance and clinical usefulness of Melanie Klein's ideas on infant development and adult psychopathology. What I have most appreciated in it is the freedom of thought with which all the controversial issues have been presented by its contributors. I am only too aware that I have not done justice to the richness and complexity of its content but I hope that this review will stimulate readers to buy and study it. It is a book which pays tribute to the genius of Melanie Klein in a way which conveys admiration and respect for different points of view and profound trust in the analytic method.


The present invention discloses a solid-state nanopore-based method for the reduction of nucleic acid molecules and a single molecule trapped. Comprising the steps of: a nucleic acid molecule to be tested was added to the nanopore sequencing device filled with the electrolyte solution, the nanopore sequencing means comprises: positive and negative electrodes is provided with an electrolytic cell, and separating said positive electrode and electrolytic cells the solid-state nanopore negative film; nucleic acid molecule is placed said electrolytic cell cathode chamber, when the measured pressure is introduced to the field positive electrode chamber, as a drive field nucleic acid molecule perforations; and applying a voltage between the positive and negative electrodes as the pressure outside the electric field of the reverse field; measured during its reduction to be achieved in accordance with the purpose of capturing or of a nucleic acid molecule in the nanopore by the biasing force of the pressure field is greater than or approximately equal to the electric force. In the process without reducing the signal to noise ratio measurement premise, can effectively reduce the speed of a DNA molecule through the nanopore device, the boring speed can be slowed down more than an order of magnitude.


The conformation of molecules on surfaces is decisive for their functionality. In the case of the endofullerene paramagnet Sc 2 TbN@C 80 the conformation is linked to an electric and a magnetic dipole moment. Therefore a workfunction change of a substrate with such molecules on the surface suggests the system to be magnetoelectric. Here one monolayer of Sc 2 TbN@C 80 has been studied on h -BN/Ni(111). The molecules assume a hexagonally close packed lattice aligned with the substrate high symmetry directions. The structure is incommensurate and arranges at a periodicity of ≈ 4.3 × 4.3 substrate unit cells. At low temperatures a C 80 (2 × 2) superstructure is observed. Valence band photoemission spectroscopy shows a temperature induced 0.3 eV shift on the C 80 molecular orbitals to lower binding energies that is parallel to a workfunction increase. From comparison of the molecular orbital angular photoemission intensity distributions it is conjectured that the molecules undergo a change in conformation between 30 and 300 K. This phase transition is centred at 125 K as observed with high resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that shows the core levels of the atomic species on the molecules to shift parallel to the workfunction. The temperature dependence can be described with a two level model that accounts for disordering with an excitation energy of 74 meV into a high entropy ensemble. The experimental findings are backed by density functional theory for the diamagnetic sibling of Sc 2 TbN@C 80 : Sc 2 YN@C 80 . The calculations rationalize the incommensurate structure, indicate a permanent electric dipole moment of Sc 2 YN@C 80 and predict the room temperature N 1s x-ray photoelectron spectrum.


The interaction of the Li-ion battery solvent ethylene carbonate (EC) with Cu(111) was investigated by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and variable temperature X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. Between 80 and 420 K, the decomposition of EC occurs along with distinct structural and chemical changes of the adlayer.


Driven by theories of flow and presence, three studies examined the antecedents and consequences of flow across three different video game genres. Structural equation modeling analyses reveal the roles of (1) physical presence in medical simulation games; (2) spatial presence in driving games; and (3) self-presence in avatar-based narrative-driven games. A 3 (skill: low, medium, high) × 3 (challenge: low, medium, high) between-subjects ANOVA indicates that a balance between skill and challenge induces greater flow. Theoretical contributions regarding the relevance of flow to electronic games and practical implications for the design of diverse game genres are discussed.


The fire danger of coal for liquescence, coal silo, rotundity indoor store ground and belt conveyor were analyzed according to the characters of coal liquescence project. The countermeasures were put forward. The research could be the reference to the constitution or modification of relative Code. The inside temperature of coal, concentration of flammable gas, concentration of CO and time of coal deposition in coal silo or rotundity indoor store ground should be inspected. The change of transport should be reduced and the alarm system should be set for belt conveyor.


Circadian rhythms and sleep regularity relate to a range of negative health outcomes, such as mental illness and substance abuse including binge drinking. According to the social zeitgeber hypothesis, the timing of key modifiable daily behaviors serves as time cues that entrain circadian rhythms, ostensibly stabilizing them and thereby improving health. The cross-day stability in timing of these behaviors (i.e., social rhythm regularity) is measured by SRM5; however, studies have not tested whether SRM5 correlates with circadian rhythm regularity based on physiological measures, such as dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). The current study examined whether SRM5 was associated with: (1) the regularity of circadian rhythms and/or sleep regularity metrics, and (2) sleep quality, depression, and binge drinking.

 Late adolescents aged 18 to 22 years old who drink alcohol (n = 36; 61.1% female, Mage = 21.26) completed a self-reported sleep diary (including SRM5 items for first contact, start work, and dinner time), wore a wrist actigraph for 14 days, and completed 2 overnight visits to assess DLMO. We used the self-reported data to calculate SRM5 and standard deviation (StDev); actigraphy data to calculate composite phase deviation (CPD), social jet lag (SJL), and interdaily stability (IS); and DLMO data to calculate the stability of the circadian phase (Sunday minus Thursday). Participants also completed surveys that assessed global sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and frequency of binge drinking. Correlational analysis and hierarchical linear regression modeling were used.

 Higher SRM5 scores (i.e., higher social rhythm regularity) were associated with higher regularities of mid-sleep timing (r = –.48, p < .001) and total sleep duration (r = –.41, p = .01) based on StDev metrics but were not associated with IS (r = 13, p = .45), CPD (r = –.19, p = .28), SJL (r = –.07, p = .68), and stability of DLMO (r = –.003, p = .99). A post-hoc analysis found that higher stability of the "out of bed" item of SRM5 was related to higher stability of DLMO (b = –.11, se = .05, p = .03, r2 = .33). Higher SRM5 scores were associated with better sleep quality (b = –.73, se = .30, p = .02, r2 = .21), but were not with depressive symptoms or binge drinking

 In contrast with the social zeitgeber hypothesis, SRM5 was not associated with circadian rhythm regularity measured by DLMO. However, social rhythm regularity is an important factor in predicting better sleep quality. This study provides a foundation for future research with better power to determine the extent to which social rhythms influence circadian stability and to better understand why social rhythm regularity relates to sleep quality.

 This research was supported by the NIH NIAAA (R21AA023209-02 ), NHLBI (T32HL082610), and NIMH (T32MH019986)


In this paper, the new method for computation of a minimal realisation of a given proper transfer function of all-pole and all-zero continuous-time fractional linear systems using one-dimensional digraphs theory D(1) has been presented. For the proposed method, an algorithm was constructed. The proposed solution allows minimal digraphs construction for any one-dimensional fractional system. The proposed method was discussed and illustrated with numerical examples.


A 69-year-old woman with a history of colon carcinoma, cirrhosis of the liver secondary to hepatitis C, and erosive oral lichen planus presented to the dermatology clinic for therapeutic options regarding a growing ulceration on her lower lip. In the past year, the ulceration had enlarged and she had begun to develop new, painful, shallow ulcerations in the oral mucosa. In addition, she complained of intermittently pruritic papules involving the distal volar surfaces of her forearms. Biopsies and direct immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate histopathological features. The patient was diagnosed with erosive oral and cutaneous lichen planus. The cutaneous lesions resolved on treatment with fluocinonide cream. However, the lip and oral ulcerations persisted despite topical application of fluocinonide and clobetasol propionate gel once or twice daily for 1 year. Physical examination showed a 2.031.0-cm shallow ulceration involving the central lower lip (Figure1). The oral mucosa revealed extensive superficial ulcerations involving the buccal, gingival, and lingual mucosal surfaces. In addition, there were ulcerations on the dorsum of the tongue and a superficial ulceration on the hard palate, with a fine, reticulated grayish-white plaque surrounding the area (Figure 2). The volar aspect of the forearms revealed violaceous, lichenoid papules. There were no nail changes detected. Histopathological examination revealed an interface dermatitis with a dense bandlike infiltrate along the dermoepidermal junction. An occasional civette body was noted. Direct immunofluorescence showed a continuous, strong, shaggy deposition of fibrinogen along the basement membrane, with many scattered and clumped cystoids that tested positive for IgM and C3.


The decay of {sup 154}Eu {yields} {sup 154}Gd has been studied by {gamma}-ray singles and {gamma}-{gamma} coincidence spectroscopy using an array of 20 Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. The primary goal of the work was to confirm or refute a large number of questionable features in the decay scheme: the outcome is the removal of 8 levels from the previously adopted scheme, with the result that a new type of collective band is revealed. Many weak decay branches for the decay are clarified. These results are critical for understanding the structure of {sup 154}Gd and the N = 90 isotones; and the improved completeness of the decay scheme contributes to the use of {sup 154}Eu as a metrological standard.


Landscape architecture planning and design is one of the core courses of urban planning specialty, whose teaching effect plays an important role in cultivating the student's professional ability of landscape architecture planning and design. In order to improve the teaching effect of this course, the teaching reform frame for the landscape architecture planning and design course, "starting from site", includes the textbook construction, teaching content improvement, teaching methods enrichment, course evaluation standard improvement and teaching platform construction.


Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. commonly known as Guchhi is nutritionally and medicinally important and most expensive fungus of morchellaceae family. It is commonly present as a mycorrhiza or saprobic relationship with hardwood and coniferous trees at an altitude of 2500-3500m, recorded from temperate regions, Asia, Himalayan Mountains, Europe, Mediterranean countries and in America. Morchella esculenta is well known throughout the world due to its nutritional aspects. It contains carbohydrates, proteins, fibres, all important vitamins, minerals and aromatic compounds. Due to its unique flavour, taste and texture it is used in different recipes all over the world. It possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory, also act as an immunostimulant due to the presence of various active constituents. Ethnobotanically it is used as laxative, purgative, emollient, body tonic, also used for stomach problems, heal the wound and for general weakness. It is used as a fodder and for basket making. Due to its high price it plays a very important role in the economy of country. This paper gives an overview of scientific literature available on Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.


To evaluate the clinical efficacy of rooming-in program, sixty one term-newborn infants with normal deliveries, birth weight 2500-4000 g, Apgar scores 5 minute were studied. The infants were randomly assigned into two groups, 31 rooming-in and 30 not rooming-in group (mother separated from the newborn for 3 days duration). In the third day of life, there were no statistically significant differences in both groups on serum bilirubin levels (p>0.05), cumulative weight loss (p>0.05) and incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (p>0.05). The intensity of hyperbilirubinemia was not related to weight loss (p>0.05). The episode of gastroenteritis was non-existent in the rooming-in group whereas two infants in the not rooming-in group suffered from it. Key Words: rooming-in program - term - newborn infants - unbound bilirubin - cumulative weight loss - hyperbilirubinemia


Psychological comfort on the dental admission is important for the implementation of preventive measures. Considerable attention is now being given to the relationship doctor-dentist with patients, establish positive communication, without which it is impossible to implement preventive measures. Particularly urgent is the problem of creating a trusting relationship between doctor and patient in childhood. With three years there has been persistent memory on the pain, the child's organs and systems are in a state of unstable equilibrium, so the feeling of fear and pain have a particularly pronounced effect on the psyche of a young patient. The dominant value in the motivation for subsequent visits to the doctor is the emotional coloring of the first visits to the dental clinic.


"A rehabilitation center is a facility which assumes responsibility for evaluating the needs and capacities of disabled persons and for providing appropriate individualized services of a medical, psycho-social and vocational nature. The services are substantial and intensive and are integrated with each other and with other services in the community." 1 This definition was submitted by the committee on standards of the National Conference on Rehabilitation Centers. There are only a few rehabilitation centers in the United States with services developed adequately to meet these standards. Recently the President of the United States in his State of the Union message pointed out the need for rehabilitation services to the disabled person. The number of disabled persons in the United States needing rehabilitation services is not known, but there is sufficient evidence to show that the number is in the millions. 2 The median age of our population is increasing. Disabilities


Based on the research of experiment content and connecting with the current of Daqing oil field polymer injection condition [1]. We make the following experiment scheme design that focus on the study of polymer injection time. We analyzes the change of the ultimate recovery trend and combines with the change of moisture content and injection pressure indicators. We summarize the change of the polymer injection time under the condition of indoor physical simulation experiment on the influence of ultimate recovery to guide the late oil field polymer injection development plan design [2].


With the seafloor observatory network's long-term,continuous,long-distance power supply characteristics,the adoption of monopolar direct current(DC)transmission mode has become a trend.The use of a length of copper wire of transmission from optic/electric composite cable and the seawater as transmission circuit mode has reduced not only the cost but also the transmission loop loss.The key technology of the seawater as a conductor in monopolar DC transmission mode is analyzed.The main influencing factors of seawater loop resistance are verified by experiment.The potential effect of seawater as a conductor on the marine environment,marine life and human security are dealt with.


The effect of the irradiation of electrons with 10–70 keV on optical properties, including spectral reflectance ρ and solar absorptance a _s, of aluminized polyimide films was investigated. The spectral reflectance was measured in situ before and after electron exposure. Experimental results showed that the reflective properties of aluminized polyimide film were apparently degraded in the 500–1200 nm wavelength range of the solar spectrum. Under the exposure of electrons, no charging effects were found on the aluminized polyimide film serving as an ion-conductive polymer. After the exposure, an "annealing" or "bleaching" effect occurred. At a given irradiation fluence, the change in solar absorptance (Δ a _s) of the aluminized polyimide film was increased with electron energy. There is a threshold value of electron flux φ_cr which affects the change in Δ a _s of the aluminized polyimide film, approximately φ_cr = 6 × 10^12 electrons/cm^2s. When φ < φ_cr, the change in Δ a _s is independent from the flux; when φ > φ_cr, Δ a _s increases with the flux monotonically. The change in Δ a _s with electron fluence Φ can be expressed in the form of a power function: Δ a _s = αΦ^β. The factors α and β are related to electron energy and show a maximum and a minimum value at 50 keV, respectively.


Background and Objectives: The average length of stay (ALOS) provides important information regarding care efficiency and the financing of hospitals. A shorter ALOS helps to reduce hospital costs, ...


Generalization of the research on biocompatible ionic liquids is triggering great interest in cholinium-based solvents due to this cation being considered as biocompatible and biodegradable. However, the screening for choline degraders among different microbial sources from different extreme locations revealed the suitability of just one halophilic strain (Halomonas sp. LM1C) to efficiently remove high concentrations of choline cation from aqueous streams. An entrapment-based microbial immobilization technique in hydrogel spheres (agar, alginate, and alginate-polyvinyl) is evaluated in order to ease process scale up. The mass transfer resistance of the selected hydrogels during cholinium chloride (N1112OHCl) diffusion was evaluated by determining the external mass transfer (k) and diffusion coefficients (De). The results revealed the absence of significant diffusion problems for alginate and alginate-polyvinyl, while the agar-based matrix led to significant cell leakage. Given the superior mechanical perf...


Ultra-short pulsed (USP) laser processes for industrial applications put high demands on the machine concept: The need for high flexibility in the machine configuration, constant machining results over long process cycles and efficient laser processes to reduce processing costs require a holistic approach in the design of a laser micro machine. For the development of a new laser machine for USP laser micromachining, the joint venture Micar combines expert competences in the fields of laser system technology, sheet metal system design and manufacturing and simulation of mechanical and fluid systems. The result is a new machine concept based on a mineral casted machine base for high flexibility in the machine structure and application.


The following is an edited text of the presentations at the December 7, 1999, meeting of the Sadat Forum at Brookings, cohosted by Richard Haass, vice-president and director of Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, and Shibley Telhami, the Anwar Sadat Chair for Peace and Development at the University of Maryland.


Epidermoid cyst is a type of cutaneous cyst commonly found in daily practice. The facial area is the most common area for emergence of this benign condition. Simple extirpation is usually performed to remove epidermoid cysts. However, in rare cases, epidermoid cysts can evolve into malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or can mimic them, which adds difficulty when making a proper diagnosis. In cases of doubt, histopathology plays a key role in aiding diagnosis. This case report is about a 33-year-old woman with suspected nodular lesion that mimicked BCC, but after histopathological analysis was confirmed to be epidermoid cyst.


For our students, the university experience should be rich and textured; one that promotes intellectual breadth, agility and curiosity. It should be a journey of character and disposition that students embrace for its relevance to their professional and personal circumstances, and not one that is eschewed by them as dense, anachronistic and of no discernible significance to their lives or the world they seek to negotiate.

As a teacher in a professional discipline, I endeavour to engage students in their learning by modelling an ethic of care that humanises the tertiary experience. A priority is to make the transition to university easier rather than harder, and my ambition is to make explicit the connection between the professional, the personal, social responsibility and good citizenry. By placing law in the lived context of contemporary events, by challenging students to be the best practitioners they can be in all (not just the technical) aspects, and by choosing to demonstrate (rather than not do so) a personal and professional value framework, I hope to send my students into the world, not just with a collection of lacklustre notes written by disengaged observers, but as reflective practitioners and good societal members who have embraced their education and their discipline for many reasons, not least of which is because they find resonance in their multiple identities as students, future practitioners and global citizens. This paper will explore these strategies for student engagement and examine the efficacy of such an approach to teaching and learning.


The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current situation of student employment and countermeasures in Chinese higher vocational colleges and universities. By analyzing the current situation, it is found that students of higher vocational colleges and universities are facing many challenges in the process of employment, including the severe form of employment rate, academic bias, unbalanced quality of education, lack of career planning and employment skills, and changes in the structure of talent demand. The specific reasons are as follows: imbalance of educational resources, unreasonable employment concepts, industry restructuring, skill matching problems, and lack of practical experience. Aiming at these status quo problems and reasons, this paper puts forward some countermeasures, including designing a good cultivation system at the school level, strengthening employment guidance services, carrying out entrepreneurship services, carrying out the matching of the talent market, deepening the co-operation between schools and enterprises, and strengthening the support of the government, and so on. By implementing these countermeasures, it is hoped that the employment competitiveness of students in higher vocational colleges and universities can be improved and their successful employment promoted.


Blood ammonia nitrogen was determined in 36 cases of hepatic coma and 63 cases of liver disease. Significant elevations (PL 0.001) were noted in coma due to hepatitis and cirrhosis and the mortality rate was 89% and 9 1.3% respectively. Raised ammonia nitrogen in hepatic coma is a sign of grave prognosis (JPMA 34 : 9, 1984).


same time, I am disposed to think that the divergences between Berossus and the cuneiform narrative are exaggerated by Tiele (p. 479). Both place the capture of Babylon in the seventeenth year. Both refer to a preliminary battle in which the forces of Nabonidus (reverse lines 12, 13) were defeated by Cyrus. Both refer to the flight of Nabonidus, and, if we follow Professor Hommel's rendering (mentioned in footnote, p. 399), to his intrenching himself (irtakasa) in or near Babylon.' If Professor Schrader's reading of the text is correct, there is no mention in the Chronicle of the death of Nabonidus, but only of that of his wife; Rev. 23, assat s'r~-ri mltat, &dquo;the wife of the king (Nabonidus) died,&dquo; and it is for her, apparently, mourning (bikitum) is prescribed in Akkad from the 2 7th Adar until the 3rd Nisan.2 It is quite possible that, if the last column of the Chronicle had been preserved intact, further details would have come to light vindicating the concluding portions of the narrative of Berossus. Let us hope that a duplicate may one day be discovered that will set these and other doubtful points at rest. Since the above was written, I have


Different plants are known to have different soil microbial communities associated with them. Microbial population and activity can be influenced by changes in the physical and chemical conditions of the soil. Soil microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi play an important role in soil fertility and promoting plant health. Soil fungal communities, which contribute towards nutrient cycling and interact with other microorganisms in below ground systems. Fifteen soil samples of different monoculture plantations (Areca catechu, Cocos nucifera, Anacardium occidentale, Hevea brasiliensis, Acacia sp) in and around Kedambady Village, Puttur Taluk were investigated for diversity among fungi. A total of 9different genera of fungi were isolated by using soil dilution technique on Sabourauds agar media supplemented with antibiotic streptomycin. Identification and characterization of mycoflora were done with the help of manuals of fungi. The predominant genera in all monoculture plantations were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor Fusarium and Rhizopus species.


This paper discussed the shortage of sharing and low utilization of expensive instruments in our country,proposed the application of RFID technology to expensive instruments sharing management.Our practice showed that,after applying RFID technology,all instruments information was monitored in real time;the process of instruments sharing was simplified;and the human resources of management was economized,thus,the efficiency of expensive instruments management was enhanced,and the information sharing,service sharing,using sharing of expensive instruments was achieved.


Various organic self-assembled systems such as low-molecular-weight gels and liquid crystals have been utilized as efficient hosts for in situ synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles using vitamin-C-based amphiphiles.


The interplay between density-independent (r) and density-dependent (K) components of selection is investigated using models of Mendelian populations with breeding at discrete intervals and overlapping generations. Selection within each genotype is age-specific, while the contribution of each genotype to population growth is logistic. The interaction between the r- and K-characteristics of the genotypes, in conjunction with the initial population structure, determines the patterns of population growth and gene frequency change. Moreover, these patterns may be strikingly different from the sigmoid curves obtained with simpler models. In a constant environment, K-characteristics alone determine the ultimate outcome of selection. Heterozygote advantage with respect to K is necessary for a balanced genetic polymorphism. The situation is different if the environment varies. We have investigated the effects of two kinds of environmental variation on the interaction between r- and K-selection. In the first of these, population size is reduced at the end of each environmental cycle. As the number of breeding intervals in each cycle is reduced, the r-characteristics become progressively more important and ultimately determine both equilibrium gene frequencies and population size. In the second, the genotypic K's are treated as seasonal variables. The relative amplitude of oscillations in K defines a genotype's ability to buffer the effects of environmental variation. In turn, the patterns of oscillation strongly influence changes in population size and gene frequency. Examples are presented to illustrate these points. Finally, the meaning of fitness under this model of age-specific, density-regulated selection is discussed.


Eight Hybrids of Pennisetum were evaluated in conjunction with a naturalised P. purpureum. Elephant grass. The hybrids were propagated initially from seeds. Stem cuttings of mature plants of the hybrids and Elephant grass were used to establish the experimental plots. A split plot design was used for the experiment in which the grasses were the main plots and two cutting frequencies of 6 and 8 weeks were the subplots.


The thesis deals with the preparation and characterization of magnetic carrier with immobilized Src kinase. Both soluble and immobilized Src kinase was used to in vitro phosphorylation bovine myelin basic protein and recombinant protein Tau-441. The success of phosphorylation was assessed by Western blotting, pIMAGO dendrimer and MALDI-Orbitrap mass spectrometry.


Building a resource saving society is an important means of building a well-off society.According to the data of general economic survey,it's urgent to control the energy use of industry with certain size and realize "growing up of centraly China" in Hunan Province.


1. This design product name: split floor type air conditioner indoor unit (WYR-IE); 2. This design uses the product: for regulating indoor temperature, humidity, air speed, cleanliness, etc.; 3. This design design features: the overall shape of the indoor machine; 4. The best indicator of design elements or photographs of: a perspective view.


The water level is essential to the operation of the tailing spond,especially for areas of high seismic intensity.The liquefaction,stability issues of these areas related to the safe operation of the tailing spond,and the water level is the most critical control factors.To understand the seismic stability of the dam,dynamic time-history finite element method is used in the paper.The seepage and dynamic liquefaction zone of the dam is given by simulating the dynamic characteristics of the dam in normal water level and flood conditions.The impacts of water level on the dam area of liquefaction in the two different conditions are analyzed and compared.The research is instructive on the safe operation of the tailing dam.


This paper presents a nonlinearly parameterized controller for the adaptive control of base‐isolated buildings subjected to a set of near‐fault earthquakes. The control scheme is based on discrete direct adaptive control, wherein the system response is minimized under parameter uncertainties. Stable tuning laws for the controller parameters are derived using the Lyapunov approach. The controller utilizes a linear combination of nonlinear basis functions, and estimates the desired control force online. The measurements that are necessary to generate the control force to reduce the system responses under earthquake excitations are developed based on the adaptive systems theory. The main novelty in this paper is to approximate the nonlinear control law using a nonlinearly parameterized neural network, without an explicit training phase. A perturbed model is used to initialize the controller parameters in order to simulate the uncertainty in the mathematical modeling that typically exists in representing civil structures. Performance of the proposed control scheme is evaluated on a full‐scale nonlinear three‐dimensional (3‐D) base‐isolated benchmark structure. The lateral‐torsion superstructure behavior and the bi‐axial interaction of the nonlinear bearings are incorporated. The results show that the proposed controller scheme can achieve good response reductions for a wide range of near‐fault earthquakes, without a corresponding increase in the superstructure response. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


An 18-year-old female was referred for a cardiac murmur before surgical excision of large subcutaneous swellings over bi-lateral trochanteric areas ( Panel A ). On evaluation they were found to be tendon-xanthomas, that also involved the gluteal-folds, finger web-spaces ( Panel B ), and tendons of the foot. Corneal arcus was also noted ( Panel C ). Her total cholesterol of 696 mg% and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 648 mg% were consistent with familial …


The application of BOPET film to the electronic components field such as capacitor,printed circuit,flat panel dislpay was introduced.Meanwhile,the characteristic requirements of BOPET were also mentioned.The market prospects of BOPET applied to the field mentioned above was analysed.


The use of actual electricity consumption data provided the chance to detect the change of customer class types. This work could be done by using classification techniques. However, there are several challenges in computational techniques. The most important one is to efficiently handle a large number of dimensions to increase customer classification performance. In this paper, we proposed a symmetrical uncertainty based feature subset generation and ensemble learning method for the electricity customer classification. Redundant and significant feature sets are generated according to symmetrical uncertainty. After that, a classifier ensemble is built based on significant feature sets and the results are combined for the final decision. The results show that the proposed method can efficiently find useful feature subsets and improve classification performance.


AIM: To investigate the influence of puerarin on insulin resistance in NIDDM. METHODS: Eighty eight patients with NIDDM were randomly divided into two groups. Forty eight patients in the treatment group on the basis of conventional treatment of NIDDM were treated with puerarin, 500 mg+0.9% sodium chloride injection 250 mL, iv, gtt, qd for 60 d;the another forty patients in control group were received simple conventional treatment of NIDDM for 60 d.The influence of puerarin on the concentrations of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), surum insulin, blood pressure, blood lipid, hemorheology, and insulin sensitivity inodex (ISI) were observed. RESULTS: In puerarin group, the indexesof the FBG, 2 h PBG, insulin, and GHbA1c decreased significantly after treatment, that were (2.2± s 0.6) mmol·L -1 , (6.4±0.8) mmol·L -1 ,(7.2±1.7) mU·L -1 ,(1.6±0.4)%, respectively; the ISI increased significantly and there was obvious difference compared with the control group ( P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Puerarin has the good effects in reducing insulin resistance on NIDDM.