A cross-sectional study involving 564 parturients who delivered singleton babies and 214 matched non-pregnant controls was carried out to determine the prevalence and impact of asymptomatic maternal malaria parasitaemia at parturition on the perinatal outcome. One hundred and forty (24·8%) parturients and 50 (23·4%) non-pregnant women were found to have asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia, respectively, while the congenital malaria rate in the neonates of the parasitaemic parturients was 0·7%. The incidence of malaria parasitaemia was higher in the para 2 and over (29·33%) as compare to the para 1 (21·43%) and primigravid (18·42%). There was no significant difference between the mean birth weight of infants delivered by parasitaemic parturients (2·93 - 0·61 kg) and aparasitaemic parturients (3·07 - 0·32 kg) ( P =0·501). There was also no significant difference when comparing the mean placental weight of the parasitaemic mothers (0·60 - 0·15 kg) with that of the aparasitaemic mothers (0·62 - 0·20 kg) ( P =0·329). Only in the para 2 and over was the mean placental weight of the parasitaemic mothers significantly lower than that of the aparasitaemia mothers (0·46 - 0·16 kg; 0·66 - 0·23 kg P =0·035). The mean packed cell volume of the parasitaemics parturients (30·89 - 1·87) was significantly lower than the aparasitaemic parturients (31·98 - 2·25) ( P <0·001). Significant difference was not achieved between the parasitaemics and aparasitaemics inrespect of apgar score at 1 minute, or at 5 minutes, premature births (16·43%; 15·33%; P >0·05), stillbirth rate (3·57%; 2·59, P >0·05), mean placental index (0·204, 0·202, P >0·50) and mode of delivery. The findings in this study show that even though malaria parasitaemia is prevalent in our locality, the effects on maternal and fetal wellbeing are comparable with the aparasitaemics.


namely : 1 Capacitor banks which a re designed t o be charged in a time whic too short t o be convenient using a conventional D.C. power supply d i r ec t ly . ) Capacitors which are charged, due t o fa i lures i n the c i r cu i t , t o voltages which may be considerably higher than the system is designed t o handle . Pulse charged banks have been used a t Los Alamos for several years on such machines a s Scylla I, 11, and I11 and Columbus I1 t o reduce insulation requirements, switch pre-f i r e problems, and improve capacitor l i f e . Each of these machines was operated in the 100 KV region ana eacn wa charged with a f ive stage Marx c i r cu i t . If one ignores c i r c u i t resistance, Fig. Ig , then when SWl is closed, Vl and Vs should be 180' alrt of phase and osc i l l a t e ahn**t the quiescent voltage V where Q


The possible loss of cognitive function worries many people as they age. In addition, difficulty with concentration, psychomotor retardation, and pessimism are well-recognized symptoms of depression. When this worry and these symptoms occur together, depressed older patients might believe that they are becoming demented -- a conclusion that …


Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and the countermeasures taken form a threat to the physical and mental health of the population, especially for more vulnerable groups. In this study, which is part of the Integrated Health Monitor COVID-19, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare use of the Dutch population and specific vulnerable groups was examined. Method: In this study two data-sources were combined. The first consists of electronic patient records of general practices (GP) participating in the Nivel Primary Care Database. These records are representative of the Dutch population and provide insight into acute complaints, chronic conditions, medication prescriptions and primary care use. For the current study, primary care use in pre-COVID years (2018 and 2019) was compared to that in 2021. This data was coupled with microdata from Statistics Netherlands, containing such information as socio-economic status and migration background. Analyses were conducted using longitudinal mixed-effects regression models. Results: Results show that risk factors play a role in the utilization of primary care. Women and those with a low household income visited the GP more often for mental complaints. Individuals with a migrant background visited the GP more often for coughing, fatigue, and social problems. Those with pre-existing chronic physical conditions were seen less often by their GP for shortness of breath. Among those with pre-existing mental problems GPs more often registered shortness of breath, yet less problems with access to care or social problems. Conclusion: Combining GP registry data with relevant background data has deepened our understanding of changes in health problems and healthcare use among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides insight into how specific vulnerable groups are affected more strongly, and emphasizes the importance of monitoring these groups during a health crisis.


A series of ruthenium metathesis catalysts bearing fluorinated imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene carbenes (F-ImPy) were developed for ethenolysis (cross metathesis with ethylene) of methyl oleate. X-ray crystal structure analysis shows Ru–F interaction, and this fluorine substitution appears to be pivotal to have stable ImPy-Ru precatalysts. Ligand structure was varied for high catalyst activity and cross metathesis selectivity in ethenolysis reaction. F-ImPy-Ru catalysts showed high selectivity in ethenolysis of methyl oleate and thermal robustness under an ethylene atmosphere.


As IT environment has changed, paths of information security in financial environment which is based on IT have become more diverse and damage caused by information leakage has been more serious. Among security incidents, personal information leakage incident is liable to give the greatest damage. Personal information leakage incident is more serious than any other types of information leakage incidents in that it may lead to secondary damage. The purpose of this study is to find how much personal information leakage incident influences corporate value by analyzing 21 cases of personal information leakage incident for the last 15 years 1,899 listing firm through case research method and inferring investors` response of to personal information leakage incident surveying a change in transaction before and after personal information leakage incident. This study made a quantitative analysis of what influence personal information leakage incident has on outcome of investment by types of investors by classifying types of investors into foreign investors, private investors and institutional investors. This study is significant in that it helps improve awareness of importance of personal information security by providing data that personal information leakage incident can have a significant influence on outcome of investment as well as corporate value in Korea stock market.


A useful method to prepare cell-containing graft material for administration to a patient, cell growth substrates, and apparatus are described. The tubular passage can facilitate the dispersion of the cells into the substrate by determining the cell growth in the matrix. Method and apparatus for preparing a graft composition the cells were seeded, the method and apparatus for preconditioning the cell growth substrate prior to application of the cells, and the cells were seeded graft and having a new substrate that It has also been described applications.


Introduction: Optimal timing for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in severe aortic insufficiency (AI) is still debated. Guidelines underline left ventricular dysfunction as documented by ejection fra...


All three genera of the Gastrodiscinae, namely, Gastrodiscus Leuckart, 1877, Homalogaster Poirier, 1883 and Gastrodiscoides Leiper, 1913 are shown to lack a true pars prostatica and cirrus pouch. The two last-mentioned have some part of the male ducts provided with cilia and all three possess papillae on the ventral surface; these papillae are demonstrated to have a very different structure in each of the three genera. These and the male ducts are described and the subfamily Gastrodiscinae and the genus Gastrodiscoides are redefined. Gastrodiscoides hominis is recorded from a Rhesus monkey.


Pat and Jean approached th is interview with open minds. They asked very d i rect muestions and I gave them t ru th fu l and d i rec t answers. For instance, they asked me how I would handle a consu l ta t ion with a user. I indicated that I would ask the user to read speci f ic Darts of the output which might contain error messages, abend codes, or other clues which would held to define and solve the problem. This techniQue enables the user to learn more about the output of a job and many times results in the user f inding his own problem. Althouqh most of the s ta f f f ind i t d i f f i c u l t to handle telephone consultat ions because they are so accustomed to seeing job output, I f ind no di f ference in handling telephone or in person consultat ions.


A variety of interesting modulated structures are frequently observed in composite crystals with plural subsystems, because there are mutual lattice modulations between them. By considering superspace group symmetry for quasiperiodic systems, atomic modulation functions can be applied to the structure refinement of the modulated composite crystal. By the superspace group approach, we can also understand structural interactions between substructures. A modulated structure analysis of the composite crystal with layered substructures using (3+1)-dimensional superspace groups is introduced as an example.


The differential deformation between vertical structural members of the Shanghai Tower can cause secondary internal forces in horizontal structural members.In this paper,the construction process simulation feature of MIDAS was used to obtain the internal forces of vertical members at different construction stages of the Shanghai Tower.Through the concrete B3 model,the vertical deformation was calculated.The effect of the secondary internal forces of horizontal members were studied by applying the deformations on the vertical members in ETABS model of the Shanghai Tower.Different schemes of horizontal member connections and different deformation applied manners were also compared.The results show that deformation differences between vertical members have great effects on the horizontal members.The effects should be taken into consideration in the design.


Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the outcome of cochlear implantation in two pediatric auditory neuropathy cases. Methods: Two cases with auditory neuropathy were taken. Case 1 was 10 year old male. Case 2 was 11 year old male. In preoperative assessment both have bilateral severe to profound sensory-neural hearing loss. Case 1 was implanted by MED-EL using sonata Ti100 opus 2 processor. Case 2 was implanted using MED-EL using sonata Ti100 opus 2 processor. Both cases were given auditory verbal therapy. Both cases attended auditory verbal therapy for a period of 2 years. In postoperative assessment for each individual subject, electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs), electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT), and electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) thresholds were determined. The following questionnaire extended receptive expressive emergent language scale (E-REELS) , Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) score, Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) scale, Meaningful Auditory-Integration Scale (MAIS) and Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS) are scales were administered. Results: In the postoperative assessment, ECAP, ESRT, EABR, MUSS, MAIS shows that case 1 with auditory neuropathy have better performance than case 2. Conclusion: It is essential that all possible complications and postoperative performance should be considered in cochlear implantation for auditory neuropathy individuals


Anodic oxidation at constant voltage has been used to produce oxide films of thickness 10–440 A on Si(100). The electrolyte was 0.1 M HCl. Both annealed and as‐grown samples were characterized by ellipsometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as by etch rate measurements in dilute HF. For as‐grown samples, the voltage dependence of the thickness was determined. FTIR results for the as‐grown films showed that the properties were dependent on the oxide thickness and not directly on the formation voltage. These results also provided a basis of comparison for the annealed samples. Demonstrably higher quality oxide films were characteristic of the annealed samples in comparison to the as‐grown samples. The higher quality of the annealed samples was confirmed by measurement of the etch rate.


In this work, a novel learning-based approach for the design of a compressed sensing measurement matrix is proposed. In contrast with the state-of-the-art methods, the suggested approach takes into account the correlation within entries of each column of the measurement matrix, namely, the inter-column correlation (ICC). The new method makes use of a rather small number of training sparse signal vectors in a recursive scheme to obtain their corresponding measurement vectors. The latter is exploited to estimate the copula function of measurements which, in turn, is used to generate an arbitrary number of measurement vector ensembles. By using the latter, the autocorrelation of the measurement vectors is estimated precisely and then, the ICC of measurement matrix under design is obtained from the autocorrelation. Given the resulting ICC, the measurement matrix columns are to be generated independently, e.g. by employing a proper random Gaussian vector generator. Performance evaluations using both synthetic and real-world data confirm the superiority of the proposed approach to the less recent methods.


OR specialists in United States history, nothing has more influence upon research than the policies of the federal government-policies that also affect teaching and employment. The way in which the government documents its operations, maintains records of lasting significance, protects them against destruction, insures equal access to all scholars at the earliest possible date, and provides finding aids is of primary concern to our profession. Appropriations for the National Archives, the Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution, and other facilities can shape the course of writing in many fields. Publication of source materials is a practice as old as the republic. Recently, the allocation of federal funds has supported advanced research, teaching abroad, graduate training, and the preservation of manuscript collections. Although there is no book-length account of the influence of governmental policies on historical writing from the early nineteenth century to the present, several individuals have dealt with parts of the subject. John Higham, Walter Rundell, Lester J. Cappon-among others-have noted the government's contribution to an emergent profession, have described the wide range of federal historical activities, and have stressed the interests shared with archivists and editors.1 The purpose of this essay is neither to retrace the trail blazed by earlier authors nor to break new ground in unexplored areas, but rather to discuss some of today's important questions and to see how the Organization of American Historians and the American Historical Association have responded to them. It will consider the renewed drive for an independent National Archives, the changing focus of the National Historical Publications Commission, the continuing controversy over presidential libraries, the future course of the


A study of the impact of stationary sources on air quality on the city of Pinar del Rio, Cuba, using the modeling system MM5-CALMET-CALPUFF was made. The dispersion of SO2, NOx, CO, PM10 and PM25 emitted from 21 sources during 15 days is simulated by the model. This period is representative of the rainy season in Cuba (Summer). The of SO42- and NO3- wet deposition was also simulated. It was observed that the highest concentrations occur in the morning and evening. These emissions affected some neighboring cities as Santa Maria and Vinales. The daily average concentration values of NOx and SO2 exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations according to the Cuban standards, the guideline values of the World Health Organization and the EPA standards. The southwest area of the city is the most affected one with the highest concentration level.


Purpose
As the literature reveals contrasting arguments regarding the positive effect of a proactive personality on well-being, this paper aims to investigate the negative consequences of a proactive personality on employee well-being. The paper tests the relationships between a proactive personality, trait competitiveness and well-being. It also examines the mediating effect of job burnout on these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 213 employees working in the retail sector across Malaysia. AMOS's structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses of the study.

Findings
Overall, the findings showed that a proactive personality negatively affected employee well-being. Job burnout had a partially mediating effect on this relationship. However, the effect of trait competitiveness on employee well-being was insignificant and the mediating effect of job burnout on this relationship also found no support.

Originality/value
The main contributions of this study are twofold. First, this study shows that a proactive personality can have negative repercussions for employee well-being. In contrast to many previous findings on the proactive personality, this study tests and verifies the possibility of an adverse impact of being proactive. Second, this study reveals that job burnout can play a vital role in mediating the adverse effect of a proactive personality on well-being. This suggests that depending on the context, being proactive will not always result in desirable outcomes, especially if job burnout is present. Therefore, organizations need to prepare contingency plans to offset the negative effects of such burnout.


Our group designed a thermal IR hyper-spectral imaging system in this paper mounted in a vacuum encapsulated cavity with temperature controlling equipments. The spectral resolution is 80 nm; the spatial resolution is 1.0 mrad; the spectral channels are 32. By comparing and verifying the theoretical simulated calculation and experimental results for this system, we obtained the precise relationship between the temperature and background irradiation of optical and mechanical structures, and found the most significant components in the optic path for improving imaging quality that should be traded especially, also we had a conclusion that it should cool the imaging optics and structures to about 100K if we need utilize the full dynamic range and capture high quality of imagery.


As Herbert Simon (1946) pointed out decades ago, some ideas are so powerful that they become uncritically absorbed into the theory and practice of public management. The cybernetic theory of information for control is just such a powerful idea (Deutsch, Markovits, and Platt, 1986), and nowhere is this idea more obvious than with information and management control systems (Stout, 1980). A great deal of intellectual and financial resources have been invested in the creation and maintenance of management information systems, nearly all of it grounded in the "Principle" that information increases management control. Yet, the basic cybernetic principle of information increasing control remains largely unproven and certainly problematic in public management. In this research, we ask the question, Do management information systems lead to greater management control? The presumption of information for control is as pervasive in our personal lives as it is in public management. For example, we presume that more and more information about our checking accounts such as the average daily balance on a detailed bank statement, the last three checks to dear as told by a touch-tone teller, or the available balance as reported by the automatic teller helps us to control expenditures, prevent overdrafts, and balance the budget at home. Right? The same presumption is true in public management and particularly in project management of large contracts, which is the focus of this research. Public management theorists and practitioners presume that the more and better the information on project cost, schedule, and quality in their computer systems, the greater the project control and the less the actual performance variances (Cleland, 1990; Steiss, 1982). Our research tests the information for control proposition by looking at the management information systems of a random sample of 99 U.S. Air Force defense projects. [TABULAR DATA 1 OMITTED] Information for Control Information is what is communicated about a particular event or situation. Information theory has three strong and persistent assertions: (1) information decreases uncertainty, (2) information slows entropy, and (3) information increases system control (Weiner, 1948; Yates, 1989). Control is the managerial process of decreasing or dampening variance in a system (Anthony, 1965). Just like the quintessential cybernetic thermostat, the process of information increasing control in organizations is presumed to be a natural process of information feedback and deviation correction (Beniger, 1986). Feldman and March (1981) label the cybernetic or engineering approach to information in organizations as the signal hypothesis--the direct, systematic application of information for organizational control. A great deal of management practice and literature continues to enthusiastically support the signal hypothesis. Organization and decision theorists consider information as a prerequisite for control and rational decision making (Lord and Maher, 1990; Steinbruner, 1974). Nowhere is the cybernetic optimism more exuberant, however, than in the design of management information systems for organizations (Senn, 1982). The cybernetic model is not only pervasive but has hardly changed since its inception. Yet, experts now caution that, "The more the MIS paradigm relies on the cybernetic model, the more it weakens its own legitimacy" (LeMoigne and Sibley, 1986, p. 241). Increasingly, practical experience and grounded research are finding the connection between information and control to be less certain. On the cover of a National Academy of Public Administration report (1983) is the picture of Gulliver tied to the beach by hundreds of tiny Lilliputians. The picture and the report vividly present the problem of federal managers tied down by their own management control systems. Other research finds that information can have dysfunctional uses such as misrepresentation (Lawler and Rhode, 1976), and rational expectations of using information for decisions is both limited and apparently unordered (Simon, 1957; March, 1988). …


Objective: To explore X-ray charateristic of chrondromyxoid fibrma.Methods:10 cases verified by surgery and pathology were perspectively evaluated.Results:The important diagnostic criteria of chrondromyxoid fibrma were as follows:(1)the lesion located at the metaphysis of the short tubular boneor close to the joint of irregular bone;(2)a focal lesion has geographic bone destruction,lobulated margins,septation and aaclerotic rim(mainly the face close to morrow or joint);(3)the age of incidence is in the 2nd decade of the life.Conclusion:The chrondromyxoid fibroma has a feature in radiographic manifestation while a non-feature lesion is difficult to diagnose on X-film.


Sensing coverage and network connectivity are two of the most fundamental issues to ensure that there are effective environmental sensing and robust data communication in a wireless sensor network (WSN) application. Random positioning of nodes in a WSN may result in random connectivity, which can cause a large variety of key parameters within the WSN. For example, data latency and battery lifetime can lead to the isolation of nodes, which causes a disconnection between nodes within the network. These problems can be avoided by using mobile data sinks, which travel between nodes that have connection problems. This research aims to design, test, and optimise a data collection system that addresses the isolated node problem, as well as to improve the connectivity between sensor nodes and base station, and to reduce the energy consumption simultaneously. In addition, this system will help to solve several problems such as the imbalance of delay and hotspot problems. The effort in this study is focused on the feasibility of using the proposed methodology in different applications. More ongoing experimental work will aim to provide a detailed study for advanced applications, e.g. transport systems for civil purposes.


Based on reliability,usability and economic effectiveness,the two plastic pipe welding methods of heating element butt welding and heating element socket welding were compared in the paper.The result showed that the heating element butt welding is preferred between the two methods.It has merits of high quality welded joint,simple operation,welding process controlling by CNC system etc.Because no supplemental meterial is needed in welding,the welding cost reduces obviously especially for larger diameter pipe and longer pipline.$$$$


There are ten (10) parameters in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) to describe and classify each pulse. The Degree of The Supply Ability State, vascular wall consistency and The Demand State of the body were determined using complex rules of pulse in traditional medicine and is of paramount importance. Ten (10) parameters were used and the Degree of retentive causes of pulse body were categorized as very low, low, medium, high and very high, and fuzzy logic was used to inference the rules of pulse. These rules have ten (10) input parameters and three (3) output parameters. Therefore, the Degree of retentive causes of pulse was determined using twenty-five (25) rules of pulse in ITM, by fuzzy logic in MATLAB. Keywords— Iranian Traditional Medicine; pulse; Fuzzy logic.


In the recent years, the application of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process has received a special attention due to its ability to produce geometrically complex and lightweight parts. Despite the disrupt benefits of LPBF, the full potential of the technology has a long journey to go. However, the field is rapidly evolving and an exhaustive understanding of the process is of paramount importance. LPBF suffers from a low surface quality which affects the stand-alone philosophy of this manufacturing process due to its need for several post manufacturing processes to improve the mechanical behaviour of such parts compared to their counter parts processed by conventional manufacturing processes.
Moreover, the quality of LPBF surface and near surface regions, the governing physical phenomena and their effects on the mechanical behavior are not yet fully understood. In this regard, the current work starts with a particular attention to surface and sub-surface regions of parts produced by LPBF in term of their morphology, microstructure, chemistry and mechanical behaviour to improve the general understanding of defect genesis. Ballings, spatter particles and partially melted metal powders are distinguished by their morphology, size and microstructure. It is shown that these differences arise from different cooling rates during their generation. Ballings share the same microstructure with the bulk material, both experiencing cooling ruled by conduction with already consolidated substrate. Spatters and partially melted powders show coarser microstructure driven by solidification mainly governed by convection and radiation during their flight in the inert atmosphere of the process chamber.
Spatters are identified as the most critical feature on LPBF surfaces and a study concentrated on the chemical, physical, microstructural and mechanical properties of the spatter particles is carried out. The study shed light on the criticality of these particles and their deteriorating effects on the generation of surface, sub-surface and bulk lack of fusion defects.
Consequently, different surface finishing post manufacturing treatments are employed to improve these surfaces by removal of the typical as-built surface features and sub-surface defects, i.e. sandblasting, vibro-finishing, and machining followed by polishing. Through fatigue results it was demonstrated that the residual surface and sub-surface pores are the principal responsible for the pre-mature fatigue failure of LPBF parts. A significant improvement was achieved by machining followed by polishing due to the adequate material removal from surface regions.
Last but not least, a comprehensive coupled investigation of metrological methods and cross-sectional analysis were performed to evaluate the effects of surface features and volumetric defects typical of additively manufactured materials. Fatigue tests and fractographic analyses were conducted to support the finite element simulations and a proposed fracture mechanics model. The results demonstrate that the standard metrological methods alone cannot provide all of the data needed to model the fatigue behaviour of additively manufactured materials robustly. Moreover, a statistical model describing the competition between volumetric defects and surface irregularities was developed and validated.


Some time ago I began reading Gramsci's Prison Notebooks . In these fragments, written in a fascist prison between 1929 and 1935, the former leader of the Italian Communist Party was concerned with the problem of understanding capitalist societies in the 1920s and 1930s, and particularly with the meaning of fascism and the possibilities of building an alternative form of state and society based on the working class. What he had to say centred upon the state, upon the relationship of civil society to the state, and upon the relationship of politics, ethics and ideology to production. Not surprisingly, Gramsci did not have very much to say directly about international relations. Nevertheless, I found that Gramsci's thinking was helpful in understanding the meaning of international organisation with which I was then principally concerned. Particularly valuable was his concept of hegemony, but valuable also were several related concepts which he had worked out for himself or developed from others. This essay sets forth my understanding of what Gramsci meant by hegemony and these related concepts, and suggests how I think they may be adapted, retaining his essential meaning, to the understanding of problems of world order. It does not purport to be a critical study of Gramsci's political theory but merely a derivation from it of some ideas useful for a revision of current international relations theory.


Silica/air large-pitch photonic crystal fibers, known simply as large-pitch fibers (LPFs) due to their hole-to-hole spacing 10 times larger than the wavelength, performing mode-field diameters (MFDs) about 50 μm along with nearly diffraction-limited output beam quality provide a versatile platform for realizing compact and stable multi-kW average power and multi-mJ pulse energy ultrashort pulse fiber laser systems [1]. Major efforts have been devoted to improving mode delocalization phenomena in Yb-doped double-cladding LPFs with a view to reduce the spatial overlap of higher-order modes (HOMs) with the doped area [2]. However, the thermo-optic effect which changes the refractive index profile and reconfines a group of the most competitive HOMs (TE01, HE21, TM01) in the gain region jeopardizes the acceptable conditions for the practical fundamental mode (FM) operation and consequently power scaling capabilities of such fibers [3]. For this reason, development of new double-clad LPF designs providing extended HOMs delocalization properties under the extreme heat load is an urgent challenge in the field of fiber laser technologies.


Background & Aims: Today, the rate of kidney diseases and urinary tract stones is on the rise. A common treatment method for urinary tract stones is the use of extracorporeal lithotripsy using shock waves, which may cause pain in the patients when the waves penetrate the skin. Pain could affect hemodynamic parameters and cause restlessness and movement in the patients, thereby disrupting the lithotripsy process. To reduce the pain in these patients, pharmacological methods such as the injection of various narcotic and non-steroidal analgesics are used. In addition to these medications, non-pharmacological methods such as mental distraction could effectively decrease patients' pain during painful procedures. Previous studies have indicated that mental distraction methods could variable affect pain relief and reduce anxiety in patients during different painful techniques. The present study aimed to compare the effects of visual and auditory distraction the pain and anxiety of these patients. Materials & Methods: This three-group quasi-experimental study (auditory intervention, visual intervention, and control) was conducted with a pretest-posttest design at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2019. The sample population included the eligible candidates of extracorporeal lithotripsy referring to the lithotripsy unit of Ayatollah Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord in 2019 for outpatient treatment. The patients were selected via non-random sampling from the crusher candidates to achieve the sample size based on the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were the initial diagnosis of kidney stones, age range of 20-50 years, auditory and visual health, and no history of using anti-anxiety medications and painkillers. The exclusion criteria were pain intolerance during the procedure, higher blood pressure than 140/90 mmHg, receiving drug therapy, drug addiction, history of mental and respiratory diseases, and previous experience of stone crushing. Data were collected before and after the intervention using the demographic information questionnaire, McGill short-form pain questionnaire, and Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test, t-test, Pearson's correlation-coefficient, and analysis of variance). Results: The Smirnov-Kolmogorov test showed that the study variables were normal (P>0.05). In total, 48% of the patients were male, and 42% were female. In terms of age, the research units were aged 23-51 years. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square indicated that demographic variables were not significantly different in the three study groups (P>0.05). The mean pain in the studied units was not considered significant in the study groups before the intervention (P=0.13), while this mean value was significant between the groups after the intervention (P<0.001). The lowest pain level during the intervention was observed in the visual intervention group, and Tukey's post-hoc test for the difference between the groups also showed that the mean anxiety in the visual intervention group was significantly lower compared to the auditory group (P<0.001). In addition, paired t-test demonstrated that the mean pain was significant in the intervention groups before and after the intervention, and the intervention was effective in the intervention groups (visual and auditory). However, no significant difference was observed in the mean pain before and after the intervention in the control group (P>0.05). No significant correlations were observed between the mean pain and anxiety with the demographic variables (P>0.05), mean anxiety (P=0.84), and pain of the patients (P=0.13) before the intervention in different group, . Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran . Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran . Department of Emergency medicine, School of Paramedicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran . Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran . Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran (Corresponding author) Tel: 09139803989 Email: email@example.com D ow nl oa de d fr om ij n. iu m s. ac .ir a t 2 3: 23 IR D T o n T hu rs da y S ep te m be r 9t h 20 21 [ D O I: 10 .2 92 52 /ij n. 33 .1 25 .7 9 ] ناریا یراتسرپ هیرشن هرود 33 هرامش / 125 / رویرهش هام 9 139 while a significant difference was denoted in the mean anxiety (P<0.001) and pain (P<0.001) after the intervention between the groups. The mean anxiety in the auditory group (P<0.001) and the mean pain in the visual group decreased more significantly (P<0.001) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, the mean pain in the visual group (P<0.001) and auditory group (P=0.02) and anxiety in the auditory group (P<0.001) and visual group (P<0.001) were significantly lower after the intervention compared to before the intervention. Conclusion: The present study aimed to compare the effects of auditory and visual distraction on the anxiety and pain of the patients undergoing extracorporeal lithotripsy. According to the results, both the auditory and visual distraction techniques were effective in reducing the anxiety of the patients undergoing lithotripsy, while the auditory method had a more significant effect on the reduction of anxiety. Moreover, the visual method could decrease pain more significantly than the auditory method. Given the positive impact of music and movies on the anxiety and pain of the patients undergoing lithotripsy, as well as their lower demand for painkillers, these methods could be applied in the lithotripsy wards of hospitals and medical centers. In addition, using soft music and educational videos in this field while informing the patients about the incidence of kidney stones and treatment and its symptoms could reduce pain and anxiety; this decreases painkiller use and the side-effects of these medications. Such distractions (especially in the first lithotripsy session of the patients) could positively affect their anxiety and pain. The results of this study could be planned by the directors of medical institutions to reduce the pain and anxiety of the patients undergoing kidney stone crushing. Furthermore, nurses in stone-breaking wards should be familiar with various methods of visual and auditory distraction and their positive effect, so that they could be used on patients' demand as non-pharmacological methods to relieve anxiety and pain and increase patient satisfaction in those undergoing kidney stone crushing or other invasive procedures. It is also suggested that in the further investigations in this regard, the effects of this intervention be evaluated on the patients in the waiting room and on the personnel and researchers also determine the barriers to the use of non-pharmacological methods (e.g., mental distraction) in healthcare centers.


Although an encryption algorithm is theoretically secured, by analyzing secondary information that is not directly related to the encryption algorithm—such as power consumption and electromagnetic waves that are generated during cipher processing—a secret key for an encryption device can be estimated in a short time. In particular, differential power analysis (DPA) is very risky, because it cracks security codes by statistically processing the difference in electricity consumption and can be easily attacked. Therefore, it is important to verify DPA in the early stage of designing an algorithm. This study proposes a new simulator that can evaluate the resistance of DPA at the algorithm design level.


Extent of lands affected by mining activities including waste accumulation areas grows gradually. So it is increasingly necessary to enforce the revival of mines. Gangues from mineral mining and purification factories are environmental problems of mining. Select a suitable location for the accumulation of these substances not only from environmental perspective but also from technical and economic point of view is significant. Gangue dam constructions in optimal locations not only cause reduction in environmental problems but also decrement costs that must be spent to solve the created problems from economic aspect. In this paper, important criteria in locating are considered. Ultimately by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), these criteria were weighted. After weighting, criteria in order to spatial analysis entered to the Geographic Information System (GIS). At the end, the integration of all the weights with each other, Locations for accumulation of gangues were identified. The result indicates that selected location with using the integrated method and location of the accumulation of waste are conformed.


What is already known about this subject •  Maternal obesity is associated with an increased use of healthcare resources including medication costs in an outpatient setting.


Bisphenol A is a very high volume chemical with estrogenic activity that is used in a wide range of products, including medical equipment such as hemodialyzers. Virtually all people have measurable amounts of BPA, since this chemical readily leaches out of products that contain it. BPA is associated with a wide range of diseases because it alters programming of the expression of genes that are critical for the normal development and adult functioning of numerous organ systems. Hemodialysis patients have impaired kidney function and thus reduced capacity to eliminate BPA and other toxic chemicals. Exposing patients undergoing hemodialysis to BPA contained in hemodialysis equipment could contribute to an increase in other diseases.


Quantitative changes of hemostatic molecular markers were studied in patients with nephrotic syndrome. The plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA), thrombin‐antithrombin III complex (TAT), products of thrombin activation, and fragment F1 + 2 (F1 + 2), a product of prothrombin activation, were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 21 patients with nephrotic syndrome and in 16 normal controls. The mean value of FPA was 17.5 ± 7.5 ng/ml (mean ± SD) in nephrotic patients and 4.5 ± 0.3 ng/ml in normal controls (P < 0.02); F1 + 2 concentration was 1.4 ± 0.3 ng/ml in nephrotic patients and 0.5 ± 0.1 ng/ml in normal controls (P < 0.001); TAT level was 1.0 ± 0.3 μg/l in nephrotic patients and 0.2 ± 0.1 μg/l in normal controls (P < 0.05). These data indicated intravascular hemostasis activation. Based on these results, we propose that low antithrombin III level in nephrotic patients may be due to both urinary loss and intravascular consumption. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The artificial and natural degradation of cellulose triacetate base motion picture film material has been studied, using viscometry, moisture regain, acidity, infrared spectroscopy, and hydroperoxide analysis. Under both natural (archival) and accelerated aging conditions, there is a direct correlation between the moisture regain and the film material, acidity, and decrease in viscosity. From these results, two degradation processes are identified. The first is an acid-catalyzed hydrolytic deacetylation of the ester functionality; the second is an acid-catalyzed hydrolytic oxidative scission of the main cellulose chain. Oxidative degradation and deacetylation of the polymer are more significant in an open than a closed environment. Iron absorbed into the film from the metal container during storage acts as a powerful catalyst, accelerating the degradation and deacetylation processes this is confirmed by doping the film with iron. The initiation process is shown to be associated with the iron-catalyzed decomposition of hydroperoxide groups. The average archival life of film in an iron container, determined by Arrhenius predictions, is 35 years. Studies of the physical characteristics of the film indicate that the gelatin emulsion layer imparts some degree of stability to the film base through its ability to scavenge and neutralize the acetic acid and partially prevent the diffusion of oxygen into the film. The plasticizer also imparts stability through its ability to coordinate with the iron. Stabilization of the film material is achieved through the use of a tris combination of stabilizers in solution that can scavenge the acetic acid, react with the hydroperoxide groups, and deactivate transition metal ions. The implications of the underlying mechanistic behavior of these systems, together with that of its practical utilization in an archive, are discussed.


Citation: Harling, Walter. The native fruits of the United States and their improvement. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1894.


Two experimental breakdown apparatuses have been constructed in sequence; the first has provided initial data and lessons for improvement in the second. Breakdown strength measurements have been made for a number of unitary and multicomponent gaseous insulators which were chosen on the basis of physical knowledge concerning their interactions with slow electrons. Most of the systems studied were found to have much better breakdown strengths than SF/sub 6/. For example, the breakdown strengths of the perfluorocarbons c-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/, iso-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ and C/sub 4/F/sub 6/ were found to be higher than SF/sub 6/ by approximately 35 percent, approximately 63 percent and greater than 100 percent, respectively. This is attributed to the higher attachment cross sections for the perfluorocarbons in the energy range 0.4 to approximately 1.5 eV. Similar results were obtained for the mixtures c-C/sub 4/F/sub 8//CCl/sub 4/, C/sub 6/F/sub 6//c-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ and C/sub 6/F/sub 6//SF/sub 6/. The breakdown strengths increase as c-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ less than iso-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ less than C/sub 4/F/sub 6/ indicating the importance of the double bond in iso-C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ and the triple bond in C/sub 4/F/sub 6/ in controlling breakdown. The fundamental physicochemical data on many promising gaseous insulators have beenmore » reviewed, and an extensive collection of promising samples has been acquired.« less


A steering shaft assembly has a tubular main body and a shaft, with a spring and a sleeve disposed at least partially therebetween. The shaft is disposed at least partially in the tubular main body and the sleeve is disposed at least partially between the spring and the main body. The sleeve acts to urge the spring into frictional contact with the shaft to impart an axial resistance force supporting the shaft against axial displacement in response to application of an axial force on the shaft less than the axial resistance force. The sleeve enables axial displacement of the shaft in response to application of an axial collapsing force exceeding the axial resistance force. In another construction of a steering shaft assembly, a shaft is disposed at least partially in the tubular main body and the spring is disposed at least partially in the tubular main body between the tubular main body and the shaft. The spring acts to impart a radial load between the shaft and the tubular main body. The spring has at least one undulation that provides for linear frictional contact between the spring and the shaft in a circumferential direction about the shaft to resist torsional rotation of the shaft relative to the tubular main body.


Imitating the behavioral traits or structures of biological organisms can provide new ideas and operating principles for designing microactuators. Inspired by the locomotion of koalas, a lightweight self-locomotion piezoelectric actuator (SLPA) is developed. Based on the hybrid of the longitudinal and bending vibration modes, the proposed SLPA is able to obtain linear locomotion. The configuration of the SLPA is designed based on a thin metal plate with miniature size of 19.5 × 19.5 × 1.1 mm3. The operating principle is verified through the finite element analysis simulation. The experimental results show that the prototype achieves maximum speed of 61.68 mm/s and slope angle of 20° when the excitation frequency and voltage are 19.75 kHz and 50 Vp-p, which demonstrates the validity of the proposed SLPA climbing on slopes and the effectiveness of the proposed operating principle. Furthermore, the step displacement resolution of 2.2 μm is obtained by the proposed SLPA under the resonant working state. Finally, a simple optical focusing system is established to verify the feasibility of potential application of micropiezoelectric actuator.


Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of various approaches taken to address anticipated and demonstrated needs of university students, faculty, and instructors through and beyond the transition to fully online instruction in the midst of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The authors discuss the complexities associated with navigating multiple levels of need, as described within Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Primary examples are provided from two mid-sized universities from the perspective of Physical Education Teacher Education faculty employed at the respective institutions.


Proposed and justified treatment of chronic pain as a distinct disease. The possibility of applying different types of biofeedback training for pain. Formulate approaches to the selection of patients for training on the basis of biofeedback.


The exclusive breastfeeding is the one that the baby receives in its diet only the breast milk, among the numerous benefits are the reduction of the morbidity and mortality of the children, improvement of their quality of life, lower rates of diarrhea, respiratory tract infections and Other infections. Protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding have been a key strategy among global efforts to improve children's health. Early weaning is the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding, before the baby reaches six months of age, with important consequences for the health of the baby, such as exposure to infectious agents and loss of digestion, among other health problems. The general objective of the research was to discuss early weaning and, as specific, it is important to Vol. 19, N. 3 ISSN 2447-2131 João Pessoa, 2019


The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors which affect the performance of the loading and hauling equipment at Skorpion zinc mine, Namibia and also to find possible solutions to eliminate them, so that the weekly Zinc Oxide and ex-pit waste tonnages required could be produced. This is due to the high demand of Zinc on the market. The investigation on road conditions was focused on the effects of rolling resistance, grade resistance and road widths from the road between bench 540 in pit 103 to the Zinc oxide medium grade stockpile. Cycle time data were obtained by time and motion study of the load/haul/dump cycle from bench 540 loading site to the stockpile. The data used for equipment matching by queuing theory (excel modelling) was obtained when the loaders where loading Arkose at different loading sites. The effects of different weather conditions i.e. mist, rain and wind on production where determined by collecting actual shift production tonnages and comparing with target shift production targets during this conditions. The results produced from time and motion studies show that the haul trucks have an average availability of 80.4% and utilization at 49.7% which are very low when compared to the benchmark value of 89% and 69% for availability and utilization respectively. Decline in performance time is caused by factors such as daily safety meetings, lunch breaks, blasting, tools break down and the daily machine service. Rolling resistance is also one of the factors affecting production time at the mine. The rolling resistance of different segments was determined by roughness defect scores (RDS). From calculations, it is clearly seen that if the RR could be reduced to 2% on every road segment, then each cycle period per truck can be reduced by 1.24 minutes. This will increase the production of the haulers and decrease the operating cost. It was recommended that the wearing course of the road surface be treated with a bitumen based dust suppression product in order to keep the surface's rolling resistance to an absolute minimum (i.e. RR = 2%) [1]. The current average hauling road width is 15.987 m while the correct road width at Skorpion Zinc Mine must be 21.35 m to prevent bunching of trucks. It is therefore recommended that the haul roads be widened to 21.35 m width per segment.


We propose a drone classification method for polarimetric radar, based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and image processing methods. The proposed method improves drone classification accuracy when the micro-Doppler signature is very weak by the aspect angle. To utilize received polarimetric signal, we propose a novel image structure for three-channel image classification CNN. To reduce the size of data from four different polarization while securing high classification accuracy, an image processing method and structure are introduced. The data set is prepared for a three type of drone, with a polarimetric Ku-band frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system. Proposed method is tested and verified in an anechoic chamber environment for fast evaluation. A famous CNN structure, GoogLeNet, is used to evaluate the effect of the proposed radar preprocessing. The result showed that the proposed method improved the accuracy from 89.9% to 99.8%, compared with single polarized micro-Doppler image. We compared the result from the proposed method with conventional polarimetric radar image structure and achieved similar accuracy while having half of full polarimetric data.


At a time when the Syrian crisis is still continuing because of the two interventions: regional and international, which have further complicated the crisis between the conflicting parties, Iran has been providing political, economic, and military support to the Syrian side, along with Russian support and some Iraqi parties; and it is therefore possible to ask the following questions: Will Iranian support push for a formula to resolve the Syrian crisis and preserve the legitimacy of President Bashar al-Assad's regime? In fact, Iranian policy towards Syria is likely to involve very complex problems: It is possible to move to the top of the West's priorities and, moreover, it is difficult to envisage Tehran's waiver of here support for Assad, especially since the Syrian file is not fully under the control of the president. That dilemma may hamper President Hassan Rowhani's efforts to advance in nuclear negotiations and in the same time reinforce the position of the Iranian hardcore.


Objective To evaluate the effects of pantoprazole on patients with non-varices upper gastrointestinal bleeding and its safety,as compared with Ranitidine.Methods Seventy patients with non-varices upper gastrointestinal bleeding were randomly assigned to two groups.Thiret-five patients were in the group of pantoprazole, including 14 patients with gastriculcer,17 duodenal ulcer and 3 erosive gastritis,1 gastric cancer;35 patients were in the group of Ranitidine including 15 patients with gastric ulcer,15 duodenal ulcer and 4 erosive gastritis,1 gastric cancer.Treatment schemes: either pantoprazole 80mg or Ranitidine 150 mg was added into 250 ml 5% glucose respectively and then infused intravenously.The course of therapy was 5 days.The clinical signs of the patients including the amout of bleeding were observed.Results After the treatment the total effective rate in pantoprazole group and Ranitidine group were 94.36% and 85.71%.The differences were significant statistically between pantoprazole group and Ranitidine group(P0.01).The rates of side effects were 0% in Pantoprazole group and 2.85% in Ranitidine group.Conclusion Pantoprazole is and effective and safe drug for the non-varices upper gastrointestinal bleedingas compared with Ranitidine.


Dr. PA Nikiforov demonstrated a patient with luxatio femoris centralis dextra. The patient was injured during a struggle 1 year ago. The right limb is shortened by 3 centimeters, the thigh is bent at a right angle, slight outward rotation, ankylosis, atrophy of the muscles of the thigh, rectal examination reveals a bone formation, the size of a hen's egg, according to the posture of acetabuli.


ABSTRACT One often neglected aspect of the host-pathogen interface is the presence of myriad glycoproteins and the carbohydrate glycans that they present. These are often the first point of contact for bacteria, with the oral cavity being rich in glycoprotein mucins within secretions such as saliva and crevicular fluid. Therefore, unsurprisingly, bacteria have evolved a myriad of enzymes (that one can consider virulence attributes) to access these glycans to allow attachment to host surfaces, which often results in modulation of host-cell behavior but also that bacteria harvest for nutritional purposes. This talk will summarise our recent work on the role of a range of novel CaZymes from periodontal pathogens in terms of their role in host-bacteria interactions and biofilm formation with potential routes to novel antimicrobials. It will also outline basic biochemical and structural biology work that has identified novel enzymes, lectin domains and biochemical activities that has lead to utilization of these seemingly obscure enzymes in bespoke, specialized biotechnological uses in biopharmaceutical protein analysis that we are currently investigating further.


This paper describes an assisted positioning approach for Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers without navigation data extraction from the received signals. In the presented approach, pseudorange values are reconstructed from partially available measurements, as opposed to conventional techniques, and five or more satellites are used for position computation. The technique is based on iterative estimations of satellite times of transmissions, receiver time, and position using a least-squares method. It is computationally similar to conventional GPS positioning algorithms, but the time to first fix is reduced as there is no need to recover the time of week from navigation data.


The present invention overall uniformity of material properties, especially tensile strength properties to provide a high non-woven laminate material. The present invention also includes a method of forming a nonwoven laminate material, fiber extrusion-stretching device is oriented at an angle not perpendicular to the web direction of production i.e. MD.


The modern manufacturing industry needs to meet the growing demands of aerospace production, while adhering to increasingly strict environmental and sustainability constraints. Cryogenic machining is steadily gaining traction as an eco-friendly unconventional machining method, effectively improving the machinability of the workpiece by cooling and lubricating the cutting process. The increased demand in the aerospace industry requires using higher cutting speeds and feeds, which adversely affect the machinability of the already difficult-tomachine aerospace alloys. This makes the optimization of the cryogenic manufacturing process critical to ensuring a good machinability and a high-quality product. This research investigates the optimization of cryogenic manufacturing of aerospace materials such as titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and low carbon steel A36. The optimization varies the cryogenic nozzle position in terms of separation distance from the tool-chip interface and the inclination angle from the vertical to determine the combination that leads to the minimum cutting forces. The study begins with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, aided by the results of Finite Element Modeling (FEM), to simulate the cryogenic environment for each of the nozzle positions and determine the optimal cooling effect. Cryogenic turning tests are then conducted by varying the same nozzle positions to measure the cutting forces in each case and compare them to dry turning. For the case of optimal cryogenic turning, tool wear and surface integrity are compared to dry turning using optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). It is shown that the nozzle position with the smallest separation distance and smallest orientation angle from the vertical leads to the biggest reduction in cutting temperatures as well as cutting forces, and a correlation is drawn between the cryogenic cooling effect and cutting forces. The dominant parameter affecting machining process the most is the separation distance. The results from the CFD and FEM simulations are used to provide a better understanding of the cryogenic effect on the machining process in terms of cutting temperatures, convection coefficients, phase composition and pressure near the tool-chip interface. In addition, a reduction in workpiece surface roughness and tool wear are observed for the case of optimal cryogenic machining, with adhesion being the dominant wear mechanism observed in both conventional and cryogenic turning. This research proves the importance of optimizing the nozzle position in the cryogenic manufacturing system, which has a positive effect on the machinability of difficult-to-machine materials. Using the optimized cryogenic system presents a practical solution to improve the productivity in the aerospace industry and meet the increasing demand in an eco-friendly and sustainable way.


A mandiblar impacted third molar with exposure of the dental root at the inferior border of the mandible is rare. We describe a case in which the dental root was palpable at the inferior border of the mandible. The patient was a 63-year-old woman with discomfort at the right side of the mandible. A right mandibular impacted third molar was found on examination at a dental clinic in 1992. On presentation to our department on December 21, 1994, radiography showed the presence of a cyst at the crown of the third molar with protrusion of about 1 /4 of the root apex from the lower edge of the mandible. Extraction of the impacted third molar with cystectomy was performed by an intraoral aproach. She has been well since the operation.


We perform measurements of far field pattern of various quantum-confined heterostructures namely quantum well (QW), quantum dash (Qdash), and quantum dot (Qdot) lasers to study the effect of different active gain mediums of semiconductor lasers on the optical beam quality and coupling efficiency. The beam pattern profile of the Qdash laser is similar to that of the QW laser (FWHM ~ 20deg) while Qdot laser shows smaller divergence (FWHM ~ 5deg) and retain its intensity profile of single lobe Gaussian-shape at current injection up to two and half times threshold current.


As a Rasayana, Ashwagandha is a highly appreciated plant in the Indian Ayurvedic medical system. It's used for a variety of ailments, but most notably as a nervine tonic. Many scientific investigations on its adaptogenic and anti-stress properties have been conducted in light of these findings. It has been demonstrated to aid youngsters with memory impairments as well as senior persons with memory loss. It's also been demonstrated to help those with neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's disease. The drug possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, cardio protective, antistress, tranquilizer-like sedative characteristics and has been shown to be an effective treatment for malignant development in numerous organs.


Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from Plazia daphnoides growing in the High Valley Region of Bolivia, Province of Cochabamba, was determined by a combination of GC and GC-MS measurements. The composition of the oil was dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (33 %) and sesquiterpenes (30 %): T-cadinol and β-caryophyllene were the main components (10–11% each) followed by epi-α-bisabolol (9 %). Oxygenated monoterpenes accounted for 14 % and monoterpenes for 11%.


ABSTRACT This paper presents a method to estimate emission factors of motorcycles based on the local driving cycle and modal emissions measured in the laboratory. This method was developed to reflect real-world motorcycle traffic conditions of Hanoi, Vietnam as well as to correspond to the economical - technical infrastructure of Vietnam. Applying into the estimation of emission factors of four selected air pollutants of motorcycles including HC (hydrocarbons), CO (carbon monoxide), CO2 (carbon dioxide) and NOx (as NO), the following results were obtained: 1.109 (g/km), 11.355 (g/km), 43.971 (g/km) and 0.124 (g/km), respectively. These emission factors are a significant contribution to Vietnam database of emission factors that are still scarce. Emission factors obtained in this study would also help improve the accuracy of emission models and emission inventories, which plays an important role in air quality management and traffic planning of Hanoi, Vietnam.


In the present study rice bran protein concentrate (RBPC) was extracted from defatted rice bran by alkali extraction method and the extracted protein concentrate was characterized and utilized in biscuit production. Protein concentrate was extracted from rice bran at different rice bran water ratio (25.86-54.14) and solution pH (8.09-10.91). The extraction parameters were optimized by response surface methodology. Optimum conditions for protein concentrate extraction ratio were 1:40.77 bran/water and 9.55 pH of solution. At the optimum conditions the extraction yield of protein concentrate was 11.76% and protein content was 36.29% where native rice bran contained 20.78% protein. RBPC contained most of essential amino acids except tryptophan and phenylalanine, among them arginine was the highest 2.27 mg/100g and the lowest was histidine 0.59 mg/100g. RBPC also contained non-essential amino acid like aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine and tyrosine. The emulsifying capacity, emulsion stability, water absorption capacity, bulk density and oil absorption capacity of RBPC were 56 percent, 36 min, 3.02 g/g, 0.49 g/ml and 1.72 g/g respectively. A 5% rice bran protein concentrate supplemented biscuits upgrade the total protein content in biscuits from 7.54 to 9.13. Therefore, utilization of RBPC can be beneficially achieved through formulation of protein enriched biscuits with enhanced nutritional value especially for malnourished or undernourished people. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science www.foodandnutritionjournal.org ISSN: 2347-467X, Vol. 08, No. (2) 2020, Pg. 596-608 CONTACT Rokeya Begum firstname.lastname@example.com Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail1902, Bangladesh. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY). Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.8.2.25 Article History Received: 11 November 2019 Accepted: 30 March 2020


Rice, corn and water chestnut (Trapa natans) were used for prepared extruded puff product by twin screw extruder at a different level (10%, 20%, and 30%) and compare with the control sample. The effect of blending levels (10%, 20%, and 30%) of water chestnut on the physicochemical properties and texture properties were examined. Extruded puff product was prepared by twin screw extruder with the addition of 15 ml of water. The sensory score of 10% extruded puff product found best with the color, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptability respectively.


The SDN (Software Defined Networking) paradigm rings flexibility to the network management and is an enabler to offer huge opportunities for network programmability. And, to solve the scalability issue raised by the centralized architecture of SDN, multi-controllers deployment (or distributed controllers system) is envisioned. In this paper, we focus on increasing the diversity of SDN control plane so as to enhance the network security. Our goal is to limit the ability of a malicious controller to compromise its neighboring controllers, and by extension, the rest of the controllers. We investigate a heterogeneous Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic model to evaluate the security performance and propose a coloring algorithm to increase the diversity based on community detection. And the simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm can reduce infection rate in control plane and our work shows that diversity must be introduced in network design for network security.


The structure with long span without platform columniation is generally adopted in current train station bluiding and is sensitive to wind.A plunger effect would formed between train and roof when the train with high speed turn into and leave the platform.A larger aerodynamic force in the local region of the roof may be induced due to the plunger effect.Based on the Reynolds-averaged N-S equations,Realizable k-e model and dynamic mesh method,the character of the aerodynamic force on the roof was numerically simulated when the train with high speed turn into or leave from the platform.In contrast with wind load by extreme wind,the pressure testing of the rigid body model was carried out in TJ-3 wind tunnel for FuYang station.The wind tunnel testing result and computational result show that the plunger effect is existent and the additional wind load by it should be considered in the structure design.


Contribution to the study of the genus Coprinus Pers. in Catalonia. 1. Six rare or interesting species. In this first instalment, six species scarcely reported in Catalonia are
described and discussed, C. alopecia, C. ellisii, C. gonophyllus, C. megaspermus, C. radicans
and C. vosoustii , with ecologic data and scanning micrographies of the spores.


Distributed fibre optic sensing is well known in defence or oil industry in use as acoustic sensing. Telecommunication networks are threatened by fibre cuts mainly caused by digging activity or theft. Many network operators seeking appropriate solution for selfprotecting infrastructure system. Most commercially available solutions of distributed sensing systems allow sensing only on dedicated fibres. Sharing the same infrastructure for data transmission and sensing is, however, more advantageous. On the other hand, it is necessary to solve the possible interaction of both services and thus the interference. We have developed our own sensing systems and we have made several measurements to evaluate the suitability of the most widely used distributed sensing techniques interferometric, reflectometry and polarization for using in existing data infrastructures on optical fibres with active data traffic.


Mobile robot has leading role in the applications of military, industrial, agricultural and medical purposes. Mobile robot moves in desired path and carry the object through manipulator through desired route and avoid the obstacle within the path. Proposed mobile robot equipped with an IR line following system, and Ultrasonic obstacle avoidance system. The combination IR and Ultrasonic sensors will determine the position and obstacle avoidance for the mobile robot.  The aim of this project is to control robot using the Arduino board, an L293D interface circuit and a motor driving system. The design of Manipulator, Gripper, and Wheels were made through Solid works. The electronic component are made through OrCAD software. The AC analysis was performed to know about the Magnitude and Phase angles of all nodal voltage. The DC analysis was performed to calculate the nodal voltage and branch current over range of values with the AC and DC analysed as functions of time and Frequency. From the AC and DC analysis, the maximum frequency (40 MHz), Modulation (5 KHz), Input signal node (5V), Output signal node (12V), Phase (VPVPWL_RE_N_TIMES) and (VPWL_RE_FOREVER) for the Arduino board, L293D and motor are obtained. The designed robot is to be incorporated with the global position system and image processing unit in order to detect the obstacles in its way. The robot performance is to be evaluated with the help of robot coding.


The invention relates to a window for vehicles, especially for rail vehicles with a window in a frame (2) glued window pane (1) which is enclosed from the inside by a clamping profile (5). DOLLAR A thus bonded even with the use of the window frame (2), window panes (1), particularly of toughened safety glass (TSG) the window opening is suitable as Notausstiegsoffnung, is on the side facing the vehicle interior side of the window pane (1) a film (4 ) glued, which is designed smaller than the disc face of the window pane (1) such that the outer edge of the film (4) is extended in area to about the edge of the (by the window frame 2) limited opening.


This paper presents the results of the implementation of a genetic algorithm for the geometrical synthesis of star-like topology parallel manipulators. The algorithm allows one to use several design criteria while considering a population of potential designs. The algorithm has proven to be simple and effective. Although the Y-star parallel manipulator is the design that possesses the greatest percentage of its workspace having a good dexterity, it is not the one that produce the largest workspace volume or the largest cubic volume inscribed within its workspace.


: Tian Leilei is a renowned contemporary composer from China, recognized for her significant contributions to the field of music composition. Notably, she achieved the distinction of being the first Chinese recipient of the prestigious Besancon composition competition, where she was awarded the esteemed 1st prize. The artistic creations of this individual are widely recognized for their adept utilization of compositional techniques and distinctive aesthetic. The artistic endeavors of the individual in question have garnered significant attention and acclaim on a global scale. This article aims to explore Tian's composition style by briefly analyzing four pieces of her work from different periods of time.


This paper makes a case study of rural land privatization in Czech and Slovakia during transition,focusing on the institutional historical heritage and the privatization laws and policies,as well as process and performance.Finally some implications are provided for China to shape its future land reform.


This book is a remarkable achievement. It represents the combined efforts of some fifty-five scholars who have collected together fairly comprehensive information on the distribution of all types of Gallo-Roman terracotta figurines. Almost all of modern France is covered, and there is treatment of the finds from Belgium, Britain, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, and Switzerland, as well as from the provinces of Raetia and Noricum. It cannot be classed as a definitive corpus, but it goes a very long way towards building up a profile of the output and distributions of the principal workshops, and so builds nicely on the earlier work of one of the editors, Micheline Rouvier-Jeanlin, who has already done so much in this field. After listing the evidence for terracotta production from the various workshops known in Gaul (of which the Allier group appears the most important), there is a chapter on manufacturing techniques, dating, repertoire, the Iron Age background to the phenomenon, and the context of the finds. Mass production is a distinct feature of the Roman period, and finds are fairly evenly distributed between settlements, sanctuaries, and cemeteries, but the extent to which these figurines served as votives or as part of any religious observance is unclear. There are, however, important differences in the way different types of figurines#are deposited: wild animals are associated more with burials, domestic animals more with sanctuaries, while divinities and other anthropomorphic representations occur in settlement contexts. The distributional survey takes two chapters, one for French finds, the second for the remainder. Finds are quantified and plotted by groups of departements, and a separate map is provided to show the incidence of the commonest types of Venus and Mother Goddess figurines. Each study area has its own commentary. Although no overall maps are provided, it is relatively easy to get a feel for distributions as a whole, with particular concentrations in Central Gaul (as might be expected), the south coast of Brittany, and northwards into the northern parts of Gallia Belgica. British finds (westwards to Nornour on Scilly, and northwards to Skye) are numerous, but there is no quantification. The relatively steep fall off in finds to the south and south-west of the main production centres is remarkable, with few examples from Aquitaine and Narbonensis. Nor, in general, are figurines frequent finds in Noricum and Raetia (although a total of about 160 were recovered from a cemetery at Salzburg). The most easterly recorded figurine is from Aquincum. One suspects that there is a close correlation with the distribution of Central Gaulish sigillata, although this has yet to be demonstrated. Given that there is a fairly even spread of the commoner types, one suspects that marketing was probably supply-led, with little opportunity for regional preferences to be expressed and passed back to manufacturers. The final chapter is concerned with chemical analysis of the fabrics and a methodology for the computer classification of individual figurines. The notable achievement is the way so many individuals collaborated to bring about this survey, which has succeded in placing the ever-growing number of regionalised, definitive catalogues in a wider context. Here surely is a model for comparable surveys to be carried out in Roman Britain.


Introduction GMO protagonists promote the image that they are only speeding up the natural crossbreeding used by farmers for millennia by inserting the new gene with the desired trait directly into the new organisms. They further assert that there is no evidence of any adverse health effect from the consumption of GMO foods as they are substantially equivalent to non-GMO foods. This distortion of the facts needs to be corrected.


Objective To observe the effects of secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and its metabolites, enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END), on proliferation of MCF-7 cell line and to the probable mechanism. Method Effect of SECO, END, ENL and genistein (GEN) on MCF-7 proliferation was investigated by MTT assay. Cell cycle arrest was measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Cell morphology was observed by optical microscope. The anticarcinogenic mechanism of SECO was analyzed. Results SECO had promotive effect on the cell growth at lower concentration (≤40 μmol/L) but inhibition effect at higher concentration (100 μmol/L). ENL and END, however, showed significant inhibition effect at all tested concentrations (10~100μmol/L). The cell cycle progression was arrested at G2/M phase and apoptosis was observed by optical microscope. Conclusion Effect of SECO on the MCF-7 cell proliferation depends on its concentration. Inhibition effect of SECO may relate to its metabolites ENL or END.


This paper proposes a robotic hand with tendon-driven three fingers that consist of a thumb, an index, and a middle finger. Each finger is composed of a distal-middle phalange, a proximal phalange, and a metacarpal bone, which are jointed by one link between the distal-middle phalange and the metacarpal bone. The flexion of finger is actuated by a wire to serve as a tendon of finger. By pulling the wire using DC motor, the proximal phalange is actuated, and then the distal-middle phalange is actuated synchronously by the link mechanism. The finger extension is performed by a restoring spring. The designed hand with the tendon-driven fingers is executable various hand motions such as direction, grasping, scissors and rock postures. Experimental results show the designed robotic hand is applicable to hand prosthesis for amputees.


The work was carried out on the territory of the Goloustnensky municipality, located on the western shore of the lake Baikal and part of the Baikal National Park. The article presents the data of the modern assessment of their ecological state. 10 test sites were laid in the Goloustnaya River basin, its delta, as well as in the forest of the coastal part of the lake. Baikal. To assess the current state of soils, concentrations of petroleum products and heavy metals (cadmium, lead, cobalt, nickel, copper, chromium) in them were determined. The results of the study showed that the content of petroleum products in soil samples is minimal and below the permissible level of pollution. The content of cobalt, nickel, copper and chromium has been found to exceed Clark and regional background values. The increased concentrations of metals are most likely due to natural factors – namely, the composition of the underlying rocks, rather than anthropogenic impact.


Luminescence spectra of the colloidal solution of CdSe quantum dots (in toluene) were studied in a wide range of low temperatures. Samples were synthesized in the liquid crystal matrix of cadmium octanoate (CdC 8 ). A comparative analysis of the obtained data with previous results was performed.


It's a lonely drive some 5 million truck drivers make each day in India. With little more than the radio or tape player to keep them company they navigate the highways some no larger than two-lane dirt roads as they weave around rickshaws cows camels dogs and herds of goats and flocks of chickens. Each trip averages four to 10 days and about 1000 miles. The average trucker will have sex with three prostitutes along the rural roadsides at rest areas and redlight districts during that trip according to surveys conducted by Dr. S. Sundararaman director of the AIDS Research Foundation of India located in Chennai. His research shows that the average long-distance driver earns 7000 rupees (US$149) per month has a minimum of 25 paid sexual encounters and stops for sex once every 180 miles often paying 50 cents (U.S.) per encounter to the sex workers. Truckers mostly come from rural populations leaving their wives and children behind while they make the trek to the cities transporting overloaded bags of rice and lentils or tins of oil. But they are also carrying dangerous cargo — HIV/AIDS— around this country of one billion people. "There is no entertainment. It is day-in-day-out driving" said Dr. Ganesh Rane during an interview in Mumbai. "When they stop they drink dine and have sex with women. Then they transfer HIV from urban to rural settings." A study published in the 1999 issue of the British Medical Journal showed that 87 percent of the drivers were sexually promiscuous and only 11 percent of them used condoms. (excerpt)


This article contains an analysis of the engaged nature of Zygmunt Bauman's writings, with particular emphasis on his last works. It focuses on his critical analysis of the rise of nationalism and his alternative vision of a "culture of dialogue." The text is divided into three parts. The first contrasts Bauman's fusion of the denotative and conative functions of language with different strategies of engaged anthropology. The next addresses Bauman's evolving idea of dialogue as a way of deepening understanding between different ways of seeing the world and of working out solutions to social problems. The last part considers Bauman's idea of developing responsibility for the contemporary condition based on a desire to increase mutual understanding and cooperation (the "culture of dialogue"). The text attempts to assess this strategy of resistance against the contemporary rise of nationalism.


The use of social networks such as Twitter as a means of communication and information sharing is still very popular in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta until now. It is certainly can be used by the public to report traffic situation that occurring around such as congestion, accidents, checkpoint, and also flooding. The collected information is expected to be beneficial for all citizens of Yogyakarta in order to avoid a location where exposed to traffic problems. The traffic monitoring system utilizing social networking Twitter that provide Twitter API (Application Programming Language) to retrieve public data tweet about the traffic reports in the vicinity. Furthermore the tweets are processed and displayed on a web map display that utilizes with Google Maps API which shows the location of the user is located .


65535 Mutation of MTHFR C677T was founded at 41 % patients with syndrome of fetal loss. The carriage of homozygous forms of mutation increasing a risk of fetal loss in 3,9 once and heterozygous forms in 1,3 once. Mutation of MTHFR C677T not influenced on the level of homocystein. But hyperhomocysteinemia was revealed at combination of mutation of MTHFR C677T with other forms of thrombophilia. The level of folates was failed at patients of all groups, irrespective of presence of mutation of MTHFR C677T, but expressed folate deficiency observed at patients with combination of mutation of MTHFR C677T with other forms of thrombophilia.


An exact knowledge of the architecture of complex pore networks and the impact on transport processes is critical to understand and optimize their integration in many functional solids. Here, a robust and versatile approach is demonstrated to quantitatively map pore constrictions within hierarchical faujasite‐type (Y and USY) zeolites, the most widely applied zeolitic materials in industry. Differential hysteresis scanning measurements by high‐resolution argon sorption coupled with an advanced modeling framework enable the derivation of the amount and size of pyramidal, constricted, and occluded mesopores. This yields unprecedented insight into the impact of widely practiced demetallation treatments on the porosity evolution and clearly highlights the interplay between the geometry of mesopores developed by a given treatment and those introduced by previously applied postsynthetic modifications. Based on the findings, the dynamic assessment by positron annihilation spectroscopy confirms the effectiveness of each mesopore type at enhancing the diffusion of ortho‐positronium within the crystal. The quantitative descriptors attained by these complementary techniques can revolutionize the design of porous materials for a wide range of applications.


A skull of Megazostrodon with atlas and axis in articulation is described. The dental formula is 14/4 C 1/1 Pm 5/5 M 5/5. Tooth wear is more advanced than in the type specimen and the lower molar series contains evidence of tooth replacement. The braincase differs remarkably from that of Morganucodon, the only contemporaneous triconodont in which the sku ll is adequately known. The lower jaw has an angular process similar to that of Dinnetherium. The earliest triconodonts appear to represent a modest radiation following the attainment of mammalian status. CONTENTS Introduction ........... , ................................................................... .. ...... . Locality ..................................... .... .. .. .. ... ........ ... .................. .. ........ .. ... . Material .................... ... ....................................................................... . Methods .. .. ...... .. ............................................................................. ... . . Identity of New Specimen .. .. ... ... .. ... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .... ...... .. .. .. .. . Description: The skull-lateral view ... .. .. ........................................................... . The skullventral view .............. ...... ... .. .. .. ... ....... .. ..... ... .. ... ........... . The braincase and associated structures in lateral aspect .................. . The braincase and associated structures in ventral aspect ................. . ~~~ :~:~ j.~ ~.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: The atlas axis complex ..................................................................... . Discussion: Comparison with other early triconodonts ..................................... .. . . Relationships of earliest triconodont mammals ............. ... ........... ... .. . . Acknowledgement ...................... .. ........... .... ............ ... .. ....................... . Abbreviations ................... .... .. ... .... .. ....... .... ........................................ . References ............. .... ............................................. .... ... .. ...... ....... ...... . Page 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 17 19


Objective To observe changes in concentration of substance P in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of experimental cats before and after composite filling in order to study the pulpal pain response to the direct composite filling.Methods Two groups,6 experimental cats in each group, were studied respectively: Group 1,the composite was directly filled one week after the cavity preparation and pulp pacification; Group 2, the composite was directly filled instantly after the cavity preparation. The concentration of substance P in CSF of cats was measured using the technique of radioimmunoassay. Each group was observed for one week after the composite filling.Results The substance P concentration in the CSF in group 1 was elevated after composite filling and the concentration was significantly higher at the 7th day after the composite filling compared to the baseline (before the filling) (P 0.05). In group 2, the concentration of the substance P was elevated after filling and the concentration was significantly higher at the 3rd and 5th days after the composite filling compared to the baseline (before the filling) (P0.05).Conclusion Direct composite filling in deep cavity may elicit pulpal pain response that may endure for a few days.


A quick and effective method of reinforcing the ground base designed for the construction of engineering structures used for performing various types of air operations was presented. It allows to use wastelands, wetlands, swamps, etc. for these purposes, thus creating a dispersed network of landing sites, increasing the access of large social groups to air transport and increasing their mobility.


Abstract Polyformaldehyde (POM)/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites filled with nanometer calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO3) were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. The effects of load and temperature on the melt extrudate swell behavior of the composites were investigated, by using a melt flow rate instrument under experimental conditions, with temperatures ranging from 170°C to 220°C and loads varying from 1.2 kg to 12.5 kg. The results showed that the melt die-swell ratio (B) of the composites decreased linearly with a rise of temperature as the load was fixed, while it increased nonlinearly with increase in the melt volume flow rate (MVR) and load, when the test temperature was constant; they also showed that B is a quadratic function of shear rate or shear stress. The value of B increased nonlinearly with an increase of the HDPE weight fraction (ϕ) as the temperature was constant, and the temperature sensitivity of B to ϕ was insignificant, while the effect of load was significant. The correlation between B and ϕ obeyed a quadratic equation.


The PURA (Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas) scheme has been designed to induce sustainable growth in underdeveloped areas. The test region is the Nuh Block, Haryana, a region severely lacking the amenities required for an area with a population of 201,816 which is increasing rapidly. The proposed development period of 2005 to 2020 is split into three equal phases to help distribute the expenditure evenly over time. Five 'nodal' villages are chosen to act as centres of development for the block. These are linked together through the road network system. Three alternative networks are discussed in terms of the cost-effectiveness of the design.


In the photon-atom interaction, one of the most interesting phenomena can be collapse-revival effect in population inversion of atomic levels. Since a single-photon-transition Jaynes–Cummings model can be generalized to a multiphoton-transition Jaynes–Cummings model, of which the Hamiltonian can exhibit a supersymmetric Lie algebra structure, in this paper, quantum collapse and revival in atomic population inversion, which is a collaborative effect of a variety of quantum Rabi oscillations with various quantum Rabi frequencies, is studied for the supersymmetric multiphoton-transition Jaynes–Cummings model. In the literature, it has been pointed out that quantum collapse and revival might find an application in qubit design. We expect that a supersymmetric two-level system might serve as such a kind of qubits. Compared with ordinary two-level qubits, more information could be stored in the basis vectors of supersymmetric qubits, and this could increase the degrees of freedom of tensor product (multi-component extension) of basis vectors of this multiphoton-atom interacting system. For this reason, some characteristics of the collapse-revival effect driven by ordinary coherent states and Yurke–Stoler coherent states will be addressed in this paper. The influence of various characteristic parameters of this supersymmetric Jaynes–Cummings model and the quantized optical fields on the quantum collapse and revival in the population inversion will be indicated in some numerical illustrative examples.


My reply addresses some of the questions raised by Gerhardt, Sweetnam, and Borton in their discussion of my work as representing "a radical shift in thinking about the process of change." I also attempt to clarify areas of misunderstanding. Wherever possible, I focus on specific clinical moments to clarify my points.


Malware is still a big threat to network security, and various types of malware detectors are needed. Deep learning-based classifiers have substantially improved their ability to identify malware samples. However, these detectors suffer from adversarial examples. The samples were made by adding small, carefully selected perturbations to the normal software. Any vulnerability in malware detectors can pose a significant threat to the platforms they defend. However, existing attack methods may not meet the inherent limitations of malware. This paper proposes a new method to generate malware adversarial samples. The original malware is mutated into new samples through semantic analysis of malware, transplantation of code in the program and addition of code at the end. And used to fool the detector. Experiments show that compared with the existing methods, our method has a significant effect on the efficiency of generating adversarial examples and the success rate of the attack.


An automated system will simplify all the work done by humans. One of the automatic systems that has been used is the battery charger system that can be cut by itself. This paper discussed the implementation of automatic systems for battery chargers based on floating techniques. The system will automatically fill and repair the battery from several causes of damage such as overcharging the battery. This charger functions with the switch system turning on and off. The circuit works by comparing the input that goes into the IC, and makes the control input as the main standard of 1.10 V which is attached on a positive foot (pin3) on the IC. The main control system consists of Transistor BC547, IC LM358 and Transistor 2N2907A. This system also uses two transformers, each of which is used to support control and power supply. For the control section using 1A transformer and for power supply using 2A. This system will automatically switch on when the load level is below 12.27 V.


Objective To summarize the features of temporomandibular joints in patients with facial asymmetry caused by unilatral mastication. Methods The temporomandibular joints were scanned by CT in 20 patients with unilateral mastication and 20 controls with normal occlusion. Results There was no difference in the position of the condyles in the glenoid fossae between the chewing and non-chewing sides in two groups (P0.05), while their position was asymmetric in facial asymmetry. The length of ascending rami and bodies of bilateral mandibles was insignificant in facial asymmetry (P0.05), but the length of bilateral mandibles in the non-chewing side was superior to that in the chewing side (P0.05). Conclusion There exist asymmetric position of the condyles in the glenoid fossae and longer mandibular body in the non-chewing side in patients with facial asymmetry caused by unilatral mastication


Three di mensional electric field of 1100 kV SF6 disconnector cabinet and fault earthing switch cabinet was analyzed using the finite element software.For the complex analysis examples,the models were meshed by different parameter settings,and the regions of complex structure were rebuilt for amplifying dangerous regions.Distribution of electrical field intensity and curves of electrical fieldintensity distribution of dynamic contact surface in the disconnector cabinet under different gap lengths were obtained.The positions of higherintensity and the irintensity values under different gap lengths in the disconnector cabinet were acquired according to the result analysis.The distribution of electrical field intensity of insulator surface infault earthing switch cabinet was analyzed.It has been found that the dimension of insulator end has a great effect on electric field intensity.The present research can supply the theoretical basis for construction design of disconnector cabinet and fault earthing switch cabinet.


The production of neutral pions in 158AGeV 208 Pb+ 208 Pb collisions has been studied in the WA98 experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). Transverse momentum spectra are studied for the range 0.3≤m T -m 0 ≤4.0GeV/c. The results for central collisions are compared to various models. The centrality dependence of the neutral pion spectral shape and yield is investigated. An invariance of the spectral shape and a simple scaling of the yield with the number of participating nucleons is observed for centralities with greater than about 30 participating nucleons. This is most naturally explained by assuming an equilibrated system.