The pseudobranch is the remnant of the first gill arch in teleosts, situated anterodorsally in the opercular cavity. In many fish it is buried beneath the skin and connective tissue, although in some species it hangs freely. The pseudobranch is absent in cyclostomes and elasmobranchs, and also in the Holocephali and Dipnoi. It is absent in a few teleosts such as the eel and some other eel-like fishes (Walls, 1942). The pseudobranch is supplied with arterial blood from the first efferent gill artery, and within the pseudobranch this blood vessel is split up into a capillary system. Its efferent vessel (the ophthalmic artery) goes to the choroid gland of the eye (Graase, 1958; Barnett, 1951) which is another capillary body. This choriocapillaris is supplied secondarily by a branch of the carotid artery, the retinal artery, which supplies also the lentiform body of the eye. The venous blood from the choroid gland, along with blood from other parts of the eye, is drained into the venous channels of the head, and thus returns to the general circulation of the body. The tissue of the pseudobranch consists almost exclusively of acidophil cells, which are of a general secretory type, thought to be the same or similar to those of the gills (the Keys-Willmer cells) (Copeland, 1951; Grasse, 1958). A recent electron-microscope study (Copeland & Dalton, 1959) clearly demonstrates that there are direct secretory ducts running between the cells and the channels of the capillary blood system. The cells are known to contain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, and the pseudobranchs are the principal source of this enzyme in teleost fishes (Maetz, 1953; Vervoort, 1958). The pseudobranch has had ascribed to it a number of functions, but none has been very clearly elucidated. The principal theories put forward are as follows: (1) That it is salt regulatory, since it contains Keys-Willmer cells. (2) That it is respiratory, functioning either as a supplementary gill, or in some way involving the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. (3) That it is an ocular regulator, either by controlling blood pressure in the eye, or by biochemically regulating the eye fluids via the choroid gland. (4) That it is an endocrine organ.


Network protocol parsers constantly dissect a large number of packets to place into internal data structures for further processing. We propose an approach that automatically generates custom protocol parsers to process network traffic to be used as part of an Intrusion Detection System. This paper takes a look at the case of command and control/industrial control networks that are characterized by a limited number of known protocols. We present a robust, secure, and highperforming solution that deals with the issues that have only partially been addressed in this domain.


It Is obviously impossible to compress into 20 minutes 40 years experience with a medical subject as vital as artificial pneumothorax and about which there have developed over the years so many controversial views. I shall therefore only endeavor to state briefly my own views arrived at from experience in treating tuberculosis, before and since artificial pneumothorax was Introduced. From 1905 until the advent of relaxation therapy I walked the wards of White Haven Sanatorium, the Henry Phipps Institute and the Tuberculosis Division of the Jewish Hospital and helplessly watched most of the unfortunate victims of this dread disease slowly and inevitably waste, burn up and die. It was this feeling of helplessness and riding in the face of certain defeat which stimulated my interest in a report by Forhanini of 25 cases treated by artificial pneumothorax published in 1906. My first pneumothorax was administered in 1908 on a patient in the White Haven Sanatorium. This was the first attempt at treating tuberculosis by artificial pneumothorax in Pennsylvania. The technique described by ForlaninI was followed. I had to build my own apparatus, There was no x-ray or fluoroscopic equipment. The patient was a young man named Cohen. He developed a pneumonic spread to the contralateral lung and died but we had no necropsy. My second attempt was in 1910-shortly after the Eagleville Sanatorium was opened. From 1910 until 1919 about 20 patIents were treated with two deaths from air embolism. Still no x-ray machine or fluoroscope was available, but I did abandon the Floyd Robinson trocar and cannula. In 1923 we got an x-ray apparatus; a year later a fluoroscope was purchased and this marked the dawn of a new era for me. It wasn't until then that I had the vaguest notion of what a lung looked like under pneumothorax treatment. Lungs appeared like sausages pressed up against the mediastlnum. Airless lungs, the


SUMMARY We develop an automatic earthquake detection algorithm combining information from numer-ous indicator variables in a non-parametric framework. The method is shown to perform well with multiple ratios of moving short- and long-time averages having ranges of time intervals and frequency bands. The results from each indicator are transformed to a pseudo-probability time-series (PPTS) in the range [0, 1]. The various PPTS of the different indicators are multi-plied to form a single joint PPTS that is used for detections. Since all information is combined, redundancy among the different indicators produces robust peaks in the output. This allows the trigger threshold applied to the joint PPTS to be significantly lower than for any one detector, leading to substantially more detected earthquakes. Application of the algorithm to a small data set recorded during a 7-d window by 13 stations near the San Jacinto fault zone detects 3.13 times as many earthquakes as listed in the Southern California Seismic Network catalogue. The method provides a convenient statistical platform for including other indicators, and may utilize different sets of indicators to detect other information such as specific seismic phases or tremor.


The self-turn-off DC circuit breakers based on thyristor have received extensive attention as it can quickly cut off the short-circuit current. However, these DC circuit breakers will interact with DC-DC converters in the DC grid, causing problems such as the failure of the circuit breaker to turn off and the amplification of the output ripple of the converter. In view of the above problems, an integrated design of the DC circuit breaker and a DC-DC converter is proposed. This design effectively resolves the problem and reduces the volume of the equipment and engineering cost. At the end of this paper, the superiority of this design was verified by experiments.


The facial recognition has been a problem worked on around the world for many persons, the problem has emerged in multiple fields and sciences, especially in computer science and other fields that are very interested in this technology are robotic, criminalist etc. Unfortunately, many reported face recognition techniques relay on the size and representative of training set such as e-passport, law enforcement and id- card identification, and most of them will suffer serious performance drop if only one training sample per person is available to the systems [1].In a face image, only a part of face is changed due to pose, illumination and other source of changes .In this paper, a novel face recognition detection approach known as Gabor wavelet based PCA approach is presented based on fusing global and local features of image. To extract global and local features, Gabor wavelet filter are applied on the whole image and non-overlapping sub-images with equal size. To reduce the dimension of new fused feature vector and to better characterize the similarity between each gallery face and the probe image set, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is employed. And finally, measure the similarity between the images by using the Euclidean distance as classifier. The Experimental results shows that proposed


The objective of the present study is to explore the role of family in developing life skills and psychological hardiness among adolescent boys. The study was conducted on a random sample of 300 male adolescents studying in government and private schools of Rajasthan. The data was collected with the help of life skills scale, psychological hardiness scale and family climate scale. Correlation was used to study life skills and psychological hardiness in relation to family environment among male adolescents. Regression was used to study family environment components of expressiveness, conflict, acceptance, cohesion, independence, active recreational orientation, organization and control and total family environment as predictors of life skills and psychological hardiness among male adolescents. The co relational analysis indicated that life skills are significantly correlated with all the eight dimensions of family environment except control dimension. Also, a significant relationship of control, challenge and global psychological hardiness with family environment and its dimensions was observed. The results of step-wise multiple regression revealed that only cohesiveness, active recreational orientation and organization dimension of family environment emerged as significant predictors of life skills among male adolescents. Further, the analysis revealed that total family environment emerged as a significant predictor of control, challenge and global psychological hardiness among adolescents. Implications of the results are discussed.


We wish to highlight the rare side effect of topical minoxidil solution that we had noticed in a 33-year-old male patient, who visited our clinic in the School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The patient presented to us with a sudden loss of taste sensation in his tongue for the past 3 to 4 days, while all other sensations were normal. He had no history of any similar episodes and no history of trauma, allergic reaction or consumption of any oral /topical drugs or unusual food. He had no history of any systemic illness, with no history of previous hospital admission or surgeries. Patient had already seen a neurophysician who had advised the patient to report back after a week if the symptom persisted to do a MRI scan. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


understanding of the ethnic units which make up the polity in question and from our inability to extrapolate from the local political situation to the national level. She also indicates the problems in utilizing much of the data already piled up by anthropologists. As someone who has burrowed through literally thousands of pages of such material dealing with kinship organization, modes of food production, and a vast catalogue of objects, sacred and profane, in order to find precious little information on decision-making in traditional African society, her call for greater interaction between disciplines is welcome indeed. Another essay of note is David Feldman's "Rural Socialism in Tanzania," which looks at political and social change from below and calls to mind Malcolm Quint's classic "The Idea of Progress in an Iraqui Village." In the course of Professor Feldman's investigations, he uncovers a good deal of empirical support for his premise that it will be most difficult for the government of Tanzania to maintain intact Ujamaa socialism in the face of substantial economic development.


In this paper, the fundamental statistics of fluctuating Beckmann shadowed (FBS) fading model which is composite of fluctuating Beckmann (FB) and inverse Nakagami-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula> distributions, are provided. Accordingly, a wide range of composite generalized fading distributions can be obtained as special cases of the proposed distribution, such as, double shadowed <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\kappa -\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula> fading Type I. To this effect, mathematically tractable expressions of both the exact and asymptotic at high signal-to-noise (SNR) regime of the probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF), and generalised-moment generating function (G-MGF) are derived. In addition, the fundamental statistics for integer <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula> and even value of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula> that represent the shadowing of the dominant components and real extension of the number of the multipath clusters, respectively, are given in simple closed-from formats. These statistical characterizations are then used to evaluate the performance of the wireless communications in terms of the outage probability (OP), average bit error probability (ABEP), amount-of-fading (AF), channel quality estimation index (CQEI), error vector magnitude (EVM), average channel capacity (ACC), and effective throughput (ET). Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curve of the energy detection based spectrum sensing and the secure outage probability (SOP) as well as the lower bound of SOP (SOP<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{L}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of the physical layer are also analysed. The validation of the derived expressions is verified via comparing the numerical results with the Monte-Carlo simulations for different values of the fading parameters.


This study examined current women leaders' perceptions of the impediments to advancement at the community college. The study was guided by research questions addressing perceptions of (a) personal or internal impediments to advancement; (b) organizational or structural impediments to advancement; and (c) organizational cultural impediments to advancement. Additionally, the current study focuses on the setting and size of the community college and how these factors affect women leaders' perceptions of impediments to leadership advancement. Participants in the study included a nonrandom, purposive sample of senior female leaders at community college leaders at community colleges in the eleven-state region of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). One unexpected finding from the current study was the continuing existence of the perception of the "'good ol' boys' network and culture of power" impediment to advancement of women leaders in community colleges. As a result of Journal of Women in Educational Leadership, 2017 2 the passage of time and the advancement of women in business and political sectors as well as educational institutions, colleges would have expectantly progressed past the original "good ol' boys" networks. In the second decade of the 21st century, women participating in the current study are still reporting the "'good ol' boys' network and culture of power" as the strongest cultural impediment to advancement within their institutions. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations are made to support emerging female leaders as well as to assist search committees and leaders at community colleges.


This study utilized computer simulations to analyze the influence of vehicle weight on automotive performance, terrain traversability, combat effectiveness, and operational energy for the M1A2 Abrams, M2A3 Bradley, and M1126 Stryker. The results indicate that a 15% reduction in combat vehicle weight correlates to 0-20% or greater improvements in: automotive mobility (top speed, speed on grade, dash time, fuel economy), terrain traversability (minimum required soil strength, % Go-NoGo, off road speed), combat effectiveness (% of combat effective outcomes, hits sustained, time, average and top speed in kill zone), and operational energy (gallons of fuel and fuel truck deliveries). While it has always been "understood" that vehicle weight impacts performance, this study has actually successfully quantified the impact. Through the use of multiple simulation tools, this study shows that reduced vehicle weight improves automotive performance, which directly improves the combat effectiveness in this current combat scenario. This study demonstrates that weight has a far more significant impact than previously known, and traditional methods of simply adding capability at the expense of weight could actually be self-defeating: reduced combat and operational capability of the combat platform. This paper also examines the relevance of mobility-based combat effectiveness within the framework of Brigade Combat Team fundamental operations, which provides direction and context for future studies. INTRODUCTION Weight reduction of ground vehicles is a high priority for the US Army to increase expeditionary capability. For decades, vehicles have been increasing in weight due to increased requirements, which has had detrimental impact on transportability and other factors [2]. A recent study by Gerth and Howell outlined some of the reasons lightweighting solutions have been so elusive [2]. Further complicating the issue is a lack of understanding into the impact of weight growth on: operational capability, cost, reliability, Proceedings of the 2018 Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS) The Influence Of Ground Combat Vehicle Weight On Automotive Performance, Terrain Traversability, Combat Effectiveness, And Operational Energy UNCLASSIFIED: Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page 2 of 14 logistics, and more. As vehicle weight increases beyond design, support system, and operational limits, the need for lightweighting solutions is becoming increasingly urgent. The Army's Lightweight Combat Vehicle S&T Campaign (LCVSTC) calls for operational metrics to evaluate the benefit of weight reduction and better prioritize weight reduction technology [3]. Understanding the operational value of weight reduction would help prioritize research investments in weight reduction and the impact that requirements can have on weight issues. Based on the hard point analysis presented in Gerth & Howell, a recent study on lightweighting the Abrams utilized cost, risk, and schedule to determine the combination of lightweighting technologies most likely to have an operational transportability impact [4]. However, prior work has not looked at the impact that vehicle weight has on mobility, combat effectiveness, reliability, spare parts logistics costs, lifecycle costs, etc. There exists a strong need for a comprehensive approach for analyzing the impact that heavy vehicles have on relevant operational metrics such as: readiness, combat effectiveness, and freedom of movement. This comprehensive approach and associated operational metrics is critical to shaping the future acquisition programs in the Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) phase. Without such an approach, we will continue to see weight growth in future vehicles and in future upgrades of the existing fleet. This study expands upon prior work and is a set of studies that examine the impact vehicle weight has on automotive performance, terrain traversability, combat effectiveness, and operational energy. In every study, unless otherwise specified, three vehicles were studied: (i) M1A2 Abrams Main Battle Tank (MBT), (ii) M2A3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, and (iii) M1126 Stryker Infantry Carrier Vehicle (ICV). Each simulation was conducted with the vehicles at 100% of their Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) and at 85% of their GVW. No other vehicle performance characteristics, such as survivability or lethality were altered. In other words, it was assumed that the weight reduction occurred through implementation of technology that did not otherwise change vehicle capabilities. The reader is cautioned not to compare the results between vehicles. The vehicles have different requirements and are used for different missions. Hence comparisons should only be within a vehicle type and between the different weights studied. AUTOMOTIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS The automotive performance metrics analyzed in this study were: (i) top speed (mph), speed on 10% grade (mph), (iii) speed on 60% grade (mph), (iv) dash speed (time to cover 50 meters from a dead stop in seconds), (v) fuel economy at a constant 30 mph convoy speed (mpg), and (vi) vehicle range (miles). Clearly vehicle range is also a function of the vehicle's fuel tank size, which is different for every vehicle. The tools used for the analysis were GT-Suite Software and MATLAB. GT-Suite enables fuel economy and performance modeling simulations of a vehicle. MATLAB is a matrix-based language optimized for solving engineering and scientific problems using computational mathematics. GTSuite models of the M2A3 and M1126 Stryker were developed for the analysis. The engine library of GT-Suite did not include a turbine engine. Therefore, a MATLAB script was created and used to calculate the performance of the M1A2. The models were first validated by comparing model performance predictions to test data. After validating, each vehicle model analysis was conducted at the current GVW as well as at 85% of the current GVW, and the mobility metrics were calculated and recorded in Table 1. Proceedings of the 2018 Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS) The Influence Of Ground Combat Vehicle Weight On Automotive Performance, Terrain Traversability, Combat Effectiveness, And Operational Energy UNCLASSIFIED: Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Page 3 of 14 For many of these metrics in Table 1, the weight had a significant influence on the automotive performance. For the M1A2, the 15% weight reduction led to an improvement in top speed of 8%. Similarly, speed on grade increased by 20% or more, and fuel efficiency improved by 12%. The M2A3 did not demonstrated a significant improvement in speed on 60% grade. The fuel efficiency improved by an impressive 14% across a variety of terrains. Stryker also showed significant improvements in speed and fuel efficiency due to lightweighting. This is noteworthy, because these results demonstrate that lightweighting has a significant influence on automotive performance for both tracked (M1A2 and M2A3) and wheeled (Stryker) vehicles. All vehicles demonstrated an improvement in acceleration, as measured by their dash speed. The lighter weight vehicles were all 5-6% faster in the 50 meter dash. TERRAIN TRAVERSABILITY ANALYSIS Terrain Analysis consisted of running the three vehicle through the NATO Reference Mobility Model (NRMM) over different terrain conditions. The NRMM software tool is the current industry standard tool for predicting vehicle mobility. NRMM has detailed soil data for different regions of the world and predicts terrain traversability as a function of various vehicle parameters, including weight. While the NATO committee AVT-248 is currently working on the Next Generation NRMM (NGNRMM), it was not available for this study. The vehicle studies included wet and dry conditions in the following three terrain types: (i) terrain 1: foliage and muddy terrain, (ii) terrain 2: sandy terrain, and (iii) terrain 3: mountainous terrain. The terrain traversability metrics considered in this study were: (i) Vehicle Cone Index (VCI), (ii) % NoGo, (iii) V50 speed, and (iv) V80 speed. VCI quantifies the minimum soil strength required for a vehicle to consistently make a specified number of passes [5]. It is proportional to the vehicle's ground pressure, and a lower VCI typically means better soft soil mobility performance. In this case VCI1 relates to one vehicle pass on the soil. Lower VCI1 is better. % NoGo quantifies the percentage of the terrain in which the vehicle will not be able to travel. A smaller value is better. V50 and V80 speeds represent the average speed the vehicle is able to travel over 50% and 80%, respectively, of the most trafficable terrain. V80 Speed The average speed the vehicle is able to travel over 80% of the most trafficable terrain. All travel was over open, cross country terrain. Paved or secondary roads are not considered in this analysis. The % NoGo, V50 Speed, and V80 Speed were computed using a representative unit area for each country studied. The unit area was assumed to provide a reasonable representation of the terrain present in that country. The VCI1, on the other hand, was only computed for a single soil condition. In the current context of vehicle weight analysis, the VCI1 was selected as a metric to provide insight into soft soil mobility performance. The VCI1 results in Table 2 and Figure 1 show that for Vehicle Top Speed (mph) Speed on 10% Grade (mph) Speed on 60% Grade (mph) Dash Speed (s) Fuel Eco (mpg) Range (mi) M1A2 -------------


The relationship between physiography and the associated soils has been studied. Five physiography units, viz., hill slope, upper piedmont, lower piedmont, piedmont plain and coastal plain were identified in a transect over basaltic trap area. The soils over elevated topography (75150m MSL) are shallow to moderately shallow excessively to well drained, dark yellowish brown to dark grayish brown, medium textured and exhibit poor profile development while those on lower topography (0-25m MSL), are deep to very deep, moderately well drained to poorly drained, dark brown to brown and fine textured and exhibit good profile development. The soils over moderately elevated topography (10-75m MSL) posses the intermediate characteristics between higher and lower elevated topography and moderate profile development. There was a gradual increase in EC, CaCO 3 , CEC, exchangeable, water-soluble cations and SAR of soils with the decrease in topographic levels. Soils occurring at higher altitude lack diagnostic horizon and were classified as Entisols. While those occurring on depositional landscapes have well developed diagnostic horizons and were classified as Inceptisols. The Asian J.of Hort. June 2008 Vol. 3 (1) : (....) An Asian Journal of Soil Science, (June to November-2009) Vol. 4 No. 1 : 18-23 See end of the article for authors' affiliations


Micro-Doppler signature analysis and speech processing share a common approach as both rely on the extraction of features from the signal's time-frequency distribution for classification. As a result, features, such as the mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs), which have shown success in speech processing, have been proposed for use in micro-Doppler classification. MFCCs were originally designed to take into account the auditory properties of the human ear by filtering the signal using a filter bank spaced according to the mel-frequency scale. However, the physics underlying radar micro-Doppler is unrelated to that of human hearing or speech. This work shows that the mel-scale filter bank results in the loss of frequency components significant to the classification of radar micro-Doppler. A novel method for frequency-warped cepstral feature design is proposed as a means for optimizing the efficacy of features in a data-driven fashion specifically for micro-Doppler analysis. It is shown that the performance of the proposed frequency warped cepstral coefficients outperforms MFCC based on both simulated and measured data sets for four-class and eight-class human activity classification problems.


Photo-Fenton system is considered an economical and environmentally-friendly way to remove organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. However, slow electron transfer and retarded Fe2+/Fe3+ circulation hampered photo-Fenton practical applications. Herein,...


Jotiba-Panhala hill range trending eastwest and play a vital role as a water divider between Panchaganga and Varna rivers sub-basins in Kolhapur district, Maharashtra. For present research 483.7 sq. km. area is selected for mass wasting zonation analysis. The highest elevation in area is 991 meters and the lowest is 533 meters. The drainage pattern observed is dendritic to sub dendritic. Most of the area shows high drainage density and stream frequency indicating the area is low permeability in nature. Geologically, study area belongs to Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) of Upper Cretaceous to Lowe Eocene age. On the top of the hill laterite rock is formed due to in situ chemical weathering of basalt. It is of late Pleistocene age. Lithostratigraphically, study area is belongs to Mahableshwar formation of Upper Deccan Traps. In present study, Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques are used with the help of Resourcesat1, LISS-III, 24 m., satellite image January 2013 (Downloaded from Bhuvan), SRTM DEM-1-arc~30 meter resolution (Downloaded from USGS) and SOI toposheets on 1:50000 scale with adequate ground truth in ArcGIS 10.1 and ERDAS 2014 software. In the present research, it is found that weathered parts of lava flows, regoliths and talus deposits, during rainy season due to heavy rainfall in short period of time lose their strength and landslides occurs. High rainfall generally is the main cause of landslides. Some other causes are terrain factors such as slope, lithology, geological structures, land use/ land cover and geomorphology of the area. Finally Landslide susceptible zone map is developed for planning, development and risk management.


European Law plays a major role in the implementation of the BEPS Action Plan by Member States of the European Union. How does this influence the interpretation of primary and secondary EU law? On the one hand, recent secondary legislation like the Anti-Tax-Avoidance Directives explicitly aims at a full and coherent introduction of BEPS outcome into European law. But this goal has to be aligned with the liberating forces of the Internal Market which inform the legal basis for directives under Art.115 TFEU. Going further, in some recent judgments, the European Court of Justice has shown a tendency to interpret also long-standing concepts of primary EU law (like the notion of abuse of law) and existing directives (like the Parent Subsidiary Directive or the Interest Royalty Directive) in the light of the BEPS Action Plan. This is hard to defend from a methodological point of view and out of sync with the fundamental policies adopted by the European Treaties.


Nouns Nouns that refer to ideas, concept and other intangibles. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, selfcontrol. Gal. 5:22 Why are "these things (which are abstract nouns)" called the fruit of the Spirit? Adjectives Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns. • The Lord, the compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness...." Exo. 34:6 • God is love. 1 Jn 4:8 • What are the characteristics of


Hotel Evora is one of the hotels in Surabaya. The hospitality industry is a service industry that combines products and services. The design of the building, exterior and interior of the hotel room and restaurant along with the overall facilities are examples of products offered. The services offered are the skills and friendliness of employees and hotel staff in serving customers. This research aimed to find out the effect of service quality, price, location and promotion on customer satisfaction in Evora Hotel, Surabaya; and to find out which variable was more dominate among others. The population were customers in Evora Hotel, Surabaya. The respondents were 100 people. Furthermore, the sampling collection technique used purposive sampling of which the data source was taken into certain consideration. For the data analysis technique, it used multiple regression linier. The research result concluded that the service quality, price, location and promotion had positive significant effect on customer satisfaction. In other words, all hypothesis in this research was valid.Keywords: Service quality, price, location, promotion, customer satisfaction


The reaction 16 O(g*,p 2 p) was studied with high energy resolution in the region of the D resonance at the AmPS facility of NIKHEF. Photoproduction cross sections were extracted for 1p1/2 and 1p3/2 neutrons in 16 O and the resulting pion and proton angular distributions are compared to model calculations by Lee, Wright, and Bennhold. The proton angular distributions are well described by the nonlocal version of the model and allow one to extract rms radii and spectroscopic factors for the 1 p1/2 and 1p3/2 neutron shells. The same calculations are in fair agreement with the pion angular distributions.


Provided is an isolated rotavirus of the strain G9P11, an isolated nucleic acid encoding the rotavirus of strain G9P11 and a purified antigen specific for the rotavirus. An isolated nucleic acid encoding the antigen of the rotavirus is also provided, as is an isolated nucleic acid that selectively hybridizes under high stringency conditions with the nucleic acid encoding te virus. A purified antibody which selectively binds the virus of strain G9P11 is provided. The G9P11 rotavirus in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for administration in an immunization protocol is provided. Also provided is an isolated rotavirus of strain G9P11, wherein the G9 gene is substituted. Further provided is an isolated rotavirus of strain G9P11, wherein the P11 gene is substituted.


This paper proposes a unified slip model for axial, radial, and mixed flow impellers. For many years, engineers designing axial and radial turbomachines have applied completely different deviation or slip factor models. For axial applications, the most commonly used deviation model has been Carter's rule or its derivatives. For centrifugal impellers, Wiesner's correlation has been the most popular choice. Is there a common thread linking these seemingly unrelated models? This question becomes particularly important when designing a mixed flow impeller where one has to choose between axial or radial slip models. The proposed model in this paper is based on blade loading, i.e., the velocity difference between the pressure and suction surfaces, near the discharge of the impeller. The loading function includes the effect of blade rotation, blade turning, and the passage area variation. This velocity difference is then used to calculate the slip velocity using Stodola's assumption. The final slip model can then be related to Carter's rule for axial impellers and Stodola's slip model for radial impellers. This new slip model suggests that the flow coefficient at the impeller exit is an important variable for the slip factor when there is blade turning at the impeller discharge. This may explain the interesting slip factor trend observed from experiments, such as the rise of the slip factor with flow coefficient in Eckardt A impeller. Some validation results of this new model are presented for a variety of applications, such as radial compressors, axial compressors, pumps, and blowers.© 2007 ASME


The phenomenon of agricultural land use change one of which occurred in Tulungagung Regency, East Java. Agricultural land in Tulungagung Regency continues to experience shrinking, triggering fears of instability in the area's food security. Thus this research aims to answer and describe how: (1) Implementation of policies on agricultural land in Tulungagung Regency and (2) Factors that influence the implementation of agrarian reform in the Tulungagung Regency. The analysis begins dissecting the laws and regulations relating to Agrarian and Agrarian Reform Policies, among others: UUPA, Perpres No. 86 of 2018 on Agrarian Reform, and is associated with regulations related to the control and use of agricultural land, among others; Law No. 41 of 2009 concerning Protection of Sustainable Agricultural Land. Furthermore, reviewing the regulations at the Tulungagung District Land Office related to the Agrarian Reform on the Control and Use of Agricultural Land and Regional Regulations in force, then photographing how they are applied in the field so as to draw conclusions from the factors that influence the implementation of Agrarian Reform, one of which is a change use of agricultural land to become non-agricultural. The results of the study concluded that a strategic step is needed in the form of food agricultural land protection in Tulungagung Regency by regulating and immediately establishing it as a Sustainable Food Agriculture Area.


In partnership with the Environment Agency, the Met Office has developed a short‐period thunderstorm forecasting system based on a conceptual life‐cycle model of convective cells. Although originally intended to provide forecasts of intense precipitation, the model provides a mechanism for predicting other forms of severe weather phenomena associated with thunderstorms. This paper investigates the possibility of using GANDOLF to generate a forecast of lightning risk. Model life‐cycle stages are compared against observed lightning locations in order to derive a basis for forecasting risk, and this was then tested on data for three different events. The results from this initial investigation seem promising and suggest this type of approach can be effective. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society


Abstract Background There are many controversies in the literature on the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Objective To assess the effects of different surgical techniques and postoperative care on recurrence of CSDH. Methods Systematic review through Medline search of articles published between January 1990 and July 2011. Controlled observational and randomized clinical trials (RCT) regarding surgical approach, irrigation, drainage, and postoperative patient position in patients with CSDH were included. The outcome was recurrence requiring reoperation. Independent extraction of articles was conducted by 2 authors using predefined data fields, including study risk of bias indicators. Results 35 publications met inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses did not demonstrate difference in recurrence rates when compared burr-hole craniostomy (BHC) x twist-drill craniostomy (TDC) (OR: 0.99; CI95%: 0.53–1.84; p = 0.97), BHC x craniotomy (OR: 1.23; CI95%: 0.78–1.95; p = 0.36), nor TDC x craniotomy (OR: 16.11; CI95%: 0.85–306.88; p = 0.06). In patients receiving BHC, pooled analysis showed a lower recurrence rate in patients receiving 2BHC compared with 1BHC (OR: 0.58; CI95%: 0.37–0.88; p = 0.01). The use of drainage system after evacuation of CSDH by BHC reduces the recurrence (OR: 0.41; CI95%: 0.23–0.74; p = 0.003).There is not enough evidence to support either a specific location of the tip of drain, nor the postoperative patient position as factors influencing on recurrence. Conclusion Well-designed studies are urgently needed to verify the effectiveness of most neurosurgical procedures routinely performed for CSDH.


Physiological investigations of forest tree species require, on occasion, the measurement of the total surface area of tree foliage. The problem of determining leaf surface areas of broad-leaved species is not as difficult as that of determining foliage surface area in coniferous species; for despite individual irregularity, leaves of broad-leaved species may be traced and their outlines planimetered. An improved technique for determining exposed leaf area of broad-leaved species is the photoelectric cell method, one modification of which is described by KRAMER (5). The grid-area method of NEWMAN (7) which is an application of the mean ordinate principle can also be used for leaves of broad-leaved species. These methods cannot be applied to the needle-like leaves of pine. GROOM (2) estimated the surface of coniferous foliage by combining his measurements of numbers and lengths of leaves with those of voN H6HNEL (3, 4). MINCKLER (6) determined leaf area in pine by taking diameter measurements with an eyepiece micrometer and making a small allowance for taper. UHL (8) adopted the displacement principle and suggested a relationship between surface development and volume but did not give information on taper corrections. This paper describes an indirect method of measuring the aggregate surface area of pine needles by taking advantage of the correlation between surface area and volume of needle fascicles; forw the latter may be determined directly and quickly by the measurement of displacement. The method involves the following assumptions with respect to the crosssection of a pine needle fascicle when the component needles are in properlyoriented contact: 1. That the outline of any cross-section along the length of fascicle is circular; that departure therefrom gives rise to no greater relative error of calculated surface or volume of the fascicle than does the corresponding assumption on the calculated surface or volume of the tree bole; in short, that the consequence of departure from circular outlines is negligible. 2. That contiguous faces of needles, as viewed in cross-section, may be regarded as radii of the fascicle circle. Observations taken on a great number of fascicle cross-sections indicate that the above assumptions are valid, unless the fascicle has undergone dehydration or has been treated for sectioning. To calculate volumes of individual fascicles it is necessary that lengths and average diameters be determined. In order to obtain diameter measure-


The article attempts to examine the main views about Armenia on the works of O. Mandelstam's "Journey to Armenia" and the cycle "Armenia" and the novel by A. Bitov's "Armenia Lessons". However, the journey is considered as a genre of literature, the degree of influence of O. Mandelstam, A. Bitov, the similarities and differences in the work of writers and the place of the story "Armenia Lessons" in Russian prose of the second half of the twentieth century. The main objective of the study is to analyze the contribution of A. Bitov in the genre of travel and representation of the image of Armenia to Russian readers. The author of this work concludes that the basis of the story "Armenia Lessons" by A. Bitov are works about Armenia Osip Mandelstam. Writer rediscovers Armenia to the Russian reader and brings new features to this genre of literature, like a journey.


The effect of dehydration on cognition has been examined in fluid deprivation studies. However, such study conditions are far from real life conditions. This inpatient crossover trial evaluated the effect of mild changes in water intake on subjective cognitive performance (i.e. mood) in 22 high volume (HIGH; 2–4L/d; 25 ± 1 y) and 30 low volume drinkers (LOW; <1.2L/d; 25 ± 3 y).


This issue is devoted to the problems of Multiphase Flows and Heat/Mass Transfer. Three papers included in this issue concern the theoretical investigations on the behavior of n onu iform hydrodynamical systems under the action of time-dependent external fields. The effects of pulsating pr essure field, external mechanical vibrations, and alternat ing electric field are discussed. In the paper by A.A. Alabuzhev, the dynamics of a cylindrical g seous bubble surrounded by a coaxial layer of incompressible fluid of different density and bounded in t he axial direction by parallel rigid plates with different properties are studied. The system is subjected to the pulsa ting pressure field. Velocity of three-phase contact line motion is assumed to be proportional to the contact angle dev iations. It is shown that, in some parameter ranges, the frequency of volume oscillations can be close to zero. If thi s frequency is close to one of the frequencies of shape oscillations, then a double resonance response is observed that leads the unlimited growth of oscillation amplitude independently of the coefficient of eigen-oscillation damp ing. E.S. Sadilov discusses the effect of normal vibrations on th e stability of a three-layer system of fluids in zero gravity conditions. It is found that, when the ratio of exter nal layer thicknesses tends to unity the critical vibration amplitude for subharmonic instability mode tends to infinit y, which means the disappearance of subharmonic instability mode for the external layers of equal thicknesses. Synch ronous instability mode exists at any ratio of the external layer thicknesses. The work "Electroconvection Instability of Poorly Conduct ing Fluid in Alternating Electric Field," by N.N. Kartavykh and O.O. Nekrasov, deals with the study of a flat horizo ntal layer of a poorly conducting fluid subjected to the alternating electric field and heating from above. The el ectroconductive instability mechanism is analyzed. On the basis of the linear analysis, a map of the stability of a condu ctive state of nonuniformly poorly heated conducting fluid is plotted and the dependence of the critical wave numbers on the electric field frequency is obtained. Quasiperiodic, synchronous, and chaotic oscillation regimes are found as a re ult of the nonlinear system dynamics analysis. The domains of coexistence of oscillatory modes with different intensities of flows are found. In the work "Investigation of the Isothermal Rheokinetic Po lymerization of the Epoxy Oligomer," by V.G. Gilev, V.S. Chudinov, S.V. Rusakov, and A.V. Kondyurin, an experim ental study and numerical simulations of the kinetics of polymerization of the epoxy oligomer were carried out. Nume rical analysis of the kinetic dependencies of viscosity allows one to estimate the reaction rate constants of the pol ymerization process, which makes it possible to predict the properties of the polymer during its formation. It is shown t hat the results of viscosity measurements can track quite well, not only the curing process of the binder but also its ra e. The article by K. Schweikert, A. Sielaff, and P. Stephan, "He at Flux during Dip-Coating of a Superheated Substrate," is devoted to the transient heat flux calculations b ased on temperature measurements during the process of dipcoating of a superheated substrate. The surface temperatur e of the solid substrate is measured using high-resolution infrared thermography. Then, the obtained values were used a a boundary condition in simulations at the interface between the superheated substrate and the fluid. Two evapora tion regimes, namely, contact line evaporation and microlayer evaporation, were clearly distinguished by their magnitude in overall heat flux. The outflow of superheated fluid from the pipe channel into a cl osed volume is numerically simulated in the paper by M. Alekseev, I. Vozhakov, and S. Lezhnin. The simulations were carried out on the basis of a homogeneous onevelocity model. Distributions of pressure, velocity, and s team content in the volume are obtained. It was revealed that the distance between the pipe channel and the opposite wall a ffects the time to reach quasistationary values for the pressure and steam content. In the work by T. Gambaryan-Roisman, "Simultaneous Imbibit ion and Evaporation of Liquids on Grooved Substrates," the hydrodynamics and heat and mass transport pro cesses on textured surfaces are described theoretically an d


The lack of interest in student learning can occur, one of which is because the teacher lacks variety in the use of media in the learning process in the classroom. This can happen because of the lack of knowledge about various media that can be used in learning. This study aims to describe the results of the application of e-comic media to social arithmetic material, and to determine the influence of the media on junior high school students' learning interest. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of research that is pre-experimental with a one group pre test-post test design, which consists of the independent variable (e-comic social arithmetic material) and the dependent variable (student learning interest). The research sample was 43 students who had received social arithmetic material at SMP LKIA Pontianak. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. Based on the results of student responses, it was found that the application of e-comic media for social arithmetic material was classified as very good and the results of the hypothesis test stated that there was an effect of using e-comic media for social arithmetic material on students' learning interest at SMP LKIA Pontianak.


For consequence analysis at a gas explosion by vessel release, release rates, demage areas of facilities, and fatality areas were estimated and analyzed at various conditions(release materials, temperatures, pressures, and vessel types) by using the release scenario of API-581 BRD. Simulation results showed that release rates and consequences in the vessel release were higher than those in the pipe release, and the order of release rates and damage areas was as follows; tank>reactor>drum> column.


This paper presents the research results of measuring noise level in 2010 and 2013 in accordance with the prescribed norms ISO 6395 related to the measurement of environmental noise produced by the moving tractor and ISO 6396 and ISO 5131 related to the measurement of internal noise at the operator's place when the tractor moving. Measurements were performed on the test area of Belje Inc. near the Mirkovac. Investigations were carried out on three tractors brands FENDT model 410 to determine the level of produced noise increased in relation to the age of the tractor (working hours). The results show that none of the examined agricultural tractors not produced higher noise levels than the Ž. Barač i sur.: Starost traktora kao čimbenik proizvedene razine buke 152 allowed 80 dB, which confirms the hypothesis that older tractors emit higher noise than newer tractors.


Complex system development contains processes full of comprehensive integration, complicated iteration and highly coupling, and ultimately come into being hierarchical networks of risk evolution. This paper presents a new approach on risk evolution analysis by multi-resolution modeling describing complex system and Bayesian network learning risk relation networks. By simulation experiments, risk evolution networks and their comparative analysis on different resolution models are presented. The proposed approach is verified to provide the more credible assessment and avoid risk evolution networks just only determined by subjective judgment.


The article presents the research results of the mechanisms of startups venture capital investment. The role and significance of venture capital investment in the startup ecosystem and the innovation ecosystem in general are considered. The economic essence of the concept of venture investing is presented. In the process of research, the peculiarities of venture capital investment for startups were analyzed and a comparative characteristic of venture capital investment and classical investment was given. Mechanisms of financing and support of innovative startups at different stages of the life cycle are analyzed. The main and auxiliary success factors of startups by stages of the life cycle are described. The research examines models of venture capital investment in innovative enterprises. In particular, the following options were considered: the model of capital transfer (partial participation), the model of joint investment and the fund of funds model. For each model, the implementation mechanisms of investing in startups are described and described schematically. Key stakeholders and all stages of the investment process are listed. The models of joint investment in startups are described, in particular the model of a public-private venture capital fund and the model of joint investment in a private venture capital fund. The three selected models have many common elements, but differ from each other in terms of their dependence on specific contractual mechanisms, financing and access tools, and in some cases, exit mechanisms from the investment process. They also differ in terms of overall complexity, with the "fund of funds" model being more complex than the other two models. When considering specific models of the organization of venture funds, the work used the practices and experience of a number of jurisdictions, including Australia, Israel, Tunisia and Great Britain. Recipients in the implementation of any of the considered investment models should be startups, academic spin-offs, technological enterprises at an early stage of development, innovative enterprises that carry out technology transfer. Projects may involve the development of new products or technologies or the expansion of existing operations to commercial scale.


New approach to measure a magnetic component of a microwave radiation via sub-harmonic mixing in high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 layer kept close to the transition temperature Tc is suggested. Employing an electrical nonlinearity near the transition, we have mixed alternating electrical field of 1 MHz and 2 MHz frequencies in the sample placed on the narrow wall of the waveguide for 10 GHz frequency range. The recording principle is illustrated showing the relation between the amplitude of the mixing signal and the microwave magnetic field component in a standing wave experiment. The underlining idea is also confirmed by experimental data obtained measuring the third order nonlinearity recorded by the application of the double-modulation approach in the microwave range.


Abstract Tokamak power plants are studied with advanced and conservative design philosophies to identify the impacts on the resulting designs and to provide guidance to critical research needs. Incorporating updated physics understanding and using more sophisticated engineering and physics analysis, the tokamak configurations have developed a more credible basis compared with older studies. The advanced configuration assumes a self-cooled lead lithium blanket concept with SiC composite structural material with 58% thermal conversion efficiency. This plasma has a major radius of 6.25 m, a toroidal field of 6.0 T, a q95 of 4.5,a βtotal N of 5.75, an H98 of 1.65, an n/nGr of 1.0, and a peak divertor heat flux of 13.7 MW/m2. The conservative configuration assumes a dual-coolant lead lithium blanket concept with reduced-activation ferritic martensitic steel structural material and helium coolant, achieving a thermal conversion efficiency of 45%. The plasma has a major radius of 9.75 m, a toroidal field of 8.75 T, a q95 of 8.0, a βtotal N of 2.5, an H98 of 1.25, an n/nGr of 1.3, and a peak divertor heat flux of 10 MW/m2. The divertor heat flux treatment with a narrow power scrape-off width has driven the plasmas to larger major radius. Edge and divertor plasma simulations are targeting a basis for high radiated power fraction in the divertor, which is necessary for solutions to keep the peak heat flux in the range 10 to 15 MW/m2. Combinations of the advanced and conservative approaches show intermediate sizes. A new systems code using a database approach has been used and shows that the operating point is really an operating zone with some range of plasma and engineering parameters and very similar costs of electricity. Other papers in this issue provide more detailed discussion of the work summarized here.


Mathematical models of PMSM (Permanent Synchronous Magnet Motor) in different reference frames and space vector control technology are researched. Methods of detecting the rotor position of PMSM are analyzed, on the basis of which, a robust SMO (sliding mode observer) with LPF (Low Pass Filter) that is easy for engineering implementation is designed. Parameters of SMO and LPF are coordinated so that the vibration problem of sliding mode is solved. Based on the field-oriented control fundamental and estimated value, the space vector control of sensor-less PMSM is realized.


FIELD: packing industry. SUBSTANCE: flow controller is designed for the interaction with the casing to discharge the fluid product through the outlet opening and take-in the fluid substance (air) from the environment to the inside through the ventilation channel. The controller comprises a fixed attaching section which is extended around the discharge zone and a deflectable sealing flange which is extended laterally from and around the attaching section, forms the sealing surface and can shift elastically for the purpose of a sealing contact with part of the casing to prevent intake through the casing ventilation channel. The controller comprises a flexible, pressure-actuated, self-sealing valve of a slit type which is connected to the fixed attaching section and mounted across the discharge zone of the fixed attaching section. The valve is closed in the initial position to prevent the fluid product discharge and can open responding to the pressure difference to discharge the fluid product through the valve while the sealing flange can shift to the inner casing space by the pressure differential. EFFECT: improved control over the product discharge. 7 cl, 14 dwg


Development of the theory and practice of acceptance sampling by variables to control the fraction defective is described in detail. The review starts with the initiating British papers on the subject and finishes with the British revision of MIL-STD-41..


First, second, and third grade black children (368 boys, 360 girls) living in a large Northern metropolitan area were categorized according to their preschool experience (developmental day care, custodial day care, Head Start, and none). The children's school records were used to obtain four indices of school achievement: demographic-family variables, class ranking and attendance, personal-social behavior ratings, and academic achievement. Analyses showed children from developmental day-care programs were more likely to be born in the North, were enrolled in higher ranked classes and had higher levels of reading performance. Results suggest that the type of preschool program an urban child attends can influence his early school achievement. Secondly, it is important to include additional dimensions of achievement for these children.


An attractive feature of competitive markets is that they maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus. Producer and consumer surplus are shown in the market supply and market demand diagram in Figure 7-4. Recall that the producer surplus for all producers is the area above the supply curve and below the market price line, and that the consumer surplus for all consumers is the area below the demand curve and above the market price line. Both the consumer surplus and the producer surplus are shown in Figure 7-4. The lightly shaded gray area is the sum of consumer surplus plus producer surplus. The equilibrium quantity is at the intersection of the two curves.


Objective To study the method of treatment of total intraventricular hemorrhage (TIH)ofcasting from and to evalucte the therapecutic efficacy. Methods Twelve patients with TIH were treated withbintraventricular external drainage, intraventricular administration of urokinase and purification of theircerebrospinal fluid. Results In this group, 9 patients survived and 3 patients died. Follow-up studies were made6 months after the treatment in 9 cases: 5 patients lived in good conditions, 2 were mildly disables and the other 2were severely disableds. Conclusion This method of treatment may serve as an easy and effective way to delivera saving measure to the patients with total intraventricilat hemorrhage of casting form.


In this study, a software was developed to create a splint model based on patient parameters in WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) platform. By entering parameters to the software such as patient's foot size, hallux valgus grade, finger thickness and length, creation of a personally customized splint design is provided. A standard splint model, which was previously designed in the 3D program, is installed in the software. Later, according to the entered parameters of the patient, the splint is formed as customized for the individual. Thus, the patient's discomfort arising from the use of the splint disappears. Along with the continuous and regular use of splints, however, it appears that the healing process runs faster. A custom-designed splint and a splint produced by manual labor and mold making techniques were compared in terms of production technique, material, cost and duration. According to this comparison, a custom splint produced by 3D printer provides advantages in terms of cost and production time. However, it seems that it does not have any advantage in terms of material and production techniques used.


211 T esticular cancer is the most common solid malig nancy diagnosed among young men between the ages of 15 and 44 years (Znaor, Lortet-Tieulent, Laversanne, Jemal, & Bray, 2014). In 2015, there were approximately 8,430 new cases of testicular cancer detected in the United States, with only 380 deaths expected (Smith, Janitz, & Campbell, 2016). The testes are an important part of the male reproductive system with a primary role of androgen and testosterone production. The testes are broken down into three different cell types: seminiferous tubules, germ cells, and Leydig cells. Approximately 90% to 95% of primary tumors in the testicle arise from the germ cells; hence, testicular cancers are also re ferred to as germ cell tumors (Smith et al., 2016). The most common presentation of testicular cancer is a painless testicular lump and presence of abnormal laboratory values known as tu mor markers (Hanna & Einhorn, 2014). Tumor markers used to diagnose and monitor germ cell tumors are human chorionic gonotropin ( hCG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Hanna & Einhorn, 2014). It is estimated that approximately 80% of patients with advanced germ cell tumors will have elevated levels of AFP and/or hCG (Funt, Feldman, & Bosl, 2016). In the early 1970s, prior to the development of cisplatinbased chemotherapy, patients with metastatic testicular cancer had only a 5% chance of survival (Einhorn, 2002). In present day, more then 80% of newly diagnosed germ cell tumors are cured largely due to cisplatin-based regiments (Funt et al., 2016). Platinum-based chemotherapies are used to treat a vast array of solid tumor malignancies, in cluding testicular, bladder, lung, ovarian, colorectal, and head and neck cancers (Galluzzi et al., 2012). The most widely understood mechanism to which cisplatin works involves the creation of DNA lesions, which activates DNA damage leading to apoptosis (Galluzzi et al., 2012). One major concern with the use of cisplatin is the high risk of nephrotoxicity (see Table 1). It is known to cause injury to multiple renal compartments, including the blood vessels, glomeruli, and tubules, and leads to apoptosis and necrosis of the cells Renal Salt Wasting Syndrome In a Patient Receiving Cisplatin Chemotherapy for Metastatic Testicular Cancer: A Case Report


To understand the increased solubility and decreased bitter taste of berberine, a clinically important isoquinoline alkaloid, in the presence of cyclodextrins, the interaction with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) in aqueous solution was studied by a combination of 1H-NMR analyses and molecular-dynamics calculations. The proposed complexation mode of berberine by γ-CD could explain the increased solubility in water. No difference in germicidal activity between berberine alone and its inclusion complex with γ- or β-CD was observed, which is important to further develop the pharmacological application of berberine.


A relation matrix algorithm for the equivalence classes set is presented.Firstly,the rules to generate the matrix are introduced,and then by reducing the matrix,the procedure to obtain the equivalence classes set is elaborated.The algorithm is especially suitable for the large-scale digital designs that may include lots of initial states.


This article expounds the way of improving the material and structure of 209T bogie's elastic locating sleeve and locating seat's friction sleeve. This settles the safety problems that caused by speed-raising.


Abstract : The status and methods of qualifying radiation hardened CMOS on bulk and on SOS is presented and the remaining hardening problems, such as radiation-induced photoconductivity in the sapphire substrate, are put in perspective. In addition to new radiation effects data on numerous hardened gate insulators, new radiation effects and problem areas relating to gate electrodes and substrate dielectrics are presented.


The automatic categorisation of web documents is becoming crucial for organising the huge amount of information available in the Internet. We are facing a new challenge due to the fact that web documents have a rich structure and are highly heterogeneous. Two ways to respond to this challenge are (1) using a representation of the content of web documents that captures these two characteristics and (2) using more e ective classi ers. Our categorisation approach is based on a probabilistic description-oriented representation of web documents, and a probabilistic interpretation of the k-nearest neighbour classi er. With the former, we provide an enhanced document representation that incorporates the structural and heterogeneous nature of web documents. With the latter, we provide a theoretical sound justi cation for the various parameters of the k-nearest neighbour classi er. Experimental results show that (1) using an enhanced representation of web documents is crucial for an e ective categorisation of web documents, and (2) a theoretical interpretation of the k-nearest neighbour classier gives us improvement over the standard k-nearest neighbour classi er. ∗This work has been carried out in the framework of the EuroSearch project, LE4-8303. †Now at Department of Computer Science, Queen Mary & Westeld College, University of London.


This article deals with automated urban traffic management, and proposes a new comprehensive infrastructure solution for dynamic traffic direction switching at intersection lines. It was assumed that the currently used solutions based on video monitoring are unreliable. Therefore, the Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technique was introduced, in which vehicles are counted and, if necessary, identified in order to estimate the flows on individual lanes. The data is acquired in real time using fifth-generation wireless communications (5G). The Pots and Ising models derived from the theory of statistical physics were used in a novel way to determine the state of direction traffic lights. The models were verified by simulations using data collected from real traffic observations. The results were presented for two exemplary intersections.


"The one hundred and second anniversary of the birth of Freud offers me the welcome opportunity to present some general propositions on the unfolding of the human personality and on the establishment of psychic structure. These are ideas which have slowly taken shape in my mind in the course of my work on infants during the last twenty-five years. They appear to me to follow from the conceptual framework laid down by Freud, from his initial assumption that there is no division between the somatic and the psychic aspects of the human personality, that the same rigorous determinism which rules the physical'world applies to intrapsychic processes." This is a bold phrase by Spitz founded on Freud's embryological reading of Roux's experiments. Unfortunately, the psychologists and psychiatrists have redefined both maturation and development which now mean a series of events peculiar to them. What is attempted is to project psychic


This paper firstly analyzes the ingredients the virtual communities are composed of and their mutual interactions from the systems perspective.Then,it points out the main features which generally exist in the systematic virtual communities.According to these features,the key management work is finally put forward in order to enhance the social and economic values of the virtual communities.


This paper views the relationship between a pair of primal‐dual linear programs as a correspondence between parameter and constraint sets. The indirect primal objective under optimality yields the dual problem which, via the inverse correspondence, enables us to recover the primal objective function. The procedure is illustrated by studying the geometry of the linear primal and dual problems.


ABSTRACT In here, a series of pyrimidin-(1(2H)-yl)acetamide and pyrimidin-(1(2H)-yl)isophthalimide derivatives were synthesised according to literature. The cytotoxic activity properties of these molecules were screened against human cancer cell lines as in vitro. The results demonstrated that these molecules had moderate effects on cancer cell lines for 48 h. The binding potential of the relatively active compound, ZF1, towards CDK1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) was investigated through molecular docking. The stability of the enzyme-ZF1 complex procured from the molecular docking was assessed through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Then, the electrochemical properties of the synthesised compounds were computed through density functional theory (DFT) studies. Computational pharmacokinetic analysis was also performed. The computational studies revealed that ZF1 could bind to CDK1 but its binding potential was less than the standard drug. The MD simulation exhibited that the compound could be stable inside the binding region during the simulation period. ZP3 is predicted to have the highest chemical stability among the synthesised compounds. Furthermore, the computational pharmacokinetic study revealed that ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 had drug-like properties.


Mild congenital heart defects require no treatment, while severe forms of these diseases need immediate interventions. There are several limits in preterm neonates on drug interventions, interventional procedures, and even heart surgery due to the prematurity of pulmonary, renal, and central nervous systems. Considering the mentioned points, the collaboration of other medical professions, particularly neonatologists, is needed in the treatment of these newborns. The application of surgical and interventional instruments are associated with limitations owing to the low birth weight in these neonates. Therefore, it is essential to review and modify the treatment program for this group of patients. By the advancement of surgical treatments mainly in fetal course and the approval of their efficiency, designing a new interdisciplinary field is necessary. In developing countries, such as Iran, the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases is difficult because of the lack of expertise in this area. On the other hand, abortion seems to be problematic due to the religious reasons. The legal gestational age for abortion is less than 20 weeks, and the probability of dealing with these kinds of diseases is more than developed countries. During several years, we encountered at least 15 cases with the above-mentioned criteria, five of whom required an immediate intervention. Three patients were dextro-Transpotion of the great arteries, one patient had pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, and the two other ones were suffering from coarctation of the aorta and tricuspid atresia type 1A, who all underwent the palliative surgery.


With the European Commission launching its proposal for the Horizon 2020 research program last week, Science talked with one of its architects: the European Union's director-general for research, Robert-Jan Smits. A long-standing commission official who is popular with researchers, Smits can now look forward to a year of explaining, lobbying, and cajoling to persuade the union's parliament and 27 member states to back the ambitious €80 billion program.


Activated carbons were prepared from woody pellets, which were mixed with several percentages of waste bark and wood of typical conifer trees. Specific surface areas of activated carbons from several percentages of waste bark were measured in yields between 9-17%. Specific surface areas of activated carbons of 0wt% bark (100wt% wood) and 100wt% bark (0wt% wood) were 900-1,200m2/g and 740-780m2/g, respectively. Waste bark seemed to be inferior to wood as a precursor of activated carbon. However, specific surface area of 25wt% bark (75wt% wood) was 1,230-1,430m2/g, and it was the largest, even though mixed with bark. X-ray fluorescence of the ashes which were prepared from waste bark were measured, and calcium was detected as a main element, whose content was over 70wt%. Raw materials, char and activated carbons were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction measurement. Calcium oxalate was detected in raw materials, and calcium carbonate and calcium oxide were detected in char and activated carbons, respectively, which were produced by pyrolysis from precursor during carbonization process and activation process. During activation, calcium carbonate, which was in char, was decomposed to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, and it seems they participated in development of specific surface area of activated carbons mixed with bark. Adsorption performances of activated carbon of 25wt% bark for toluene, isopropyl alcohol and acetaldehyde were compared with those of the coconut shell based activated carbon, and revealed to be better than them.


Preschool in Sweden is a voluntary school form entailing education and play. A national curriculum with learning goals regulates educational activities, and prescribes covering science. This missio ...


An interior liquid cooling method was developed for surgical burs and tested in animal experiments as well as during the treatment of patients. The method ensures excellent cooling of the bone during surgical treatment.


Animals from distant lands fired the imaginations of people living in Europe throughout the Middle Ages. This is attested by a considerable wealth of iconographic and written material which has been explored from many perspectives, providing valuable insights into medieval western conceptualizations of the fringes of the known world and the otherness of exotica. However, the physical remains of non-indigenous species – both those recovered from archaeological contexts and extant in private collections – have generally been examined in isolation and rarely incorporated into a broader framework exploring the reception and utility of exotica. This article offers a new perspective on the topic by focusing on the zoological identity of non-indigenous animal body parts as 'material culture'.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on a rewilding project in Santa Cruz, Argentina, that seeks to restore the Patagonian ecosystem through the active management of species, especially the cougar or puma. Highlighting the role that media technologies play, this work argues that camera traps and satellite collars employed to enact rewilding practices are also concerned with the management of people and their perceptions. Furthermore, the article suggests that the imaginaries sustaining these practices of conservation are predicated on controlling future animal behavior just as they are on preserving it, considering that this rewilding initiative seeks to habituate pumas to the presence of humans so that their bodies can be put to work in the service of ecotourism. In so doing, the modes of futuring enacted through this conservation continue to place wild animals as something to be looked-at, and nature as something that must be sold to be saved.


New reports about record-breaking numbers of Army suicides are alarming but not surprising: 128 suicides in 2008, and a suicide rate which has finally exceeded the national average (20.2 per 100,000 for the Army, vs. 19.5 per 100,000 for the USA). These statistics are the inevitable by-product of a national mental health care policy which remains in crisis, largely because it has been based upon an "evidence-biased" literature which continues to undermine the quality and integrity of medical care.


This letter presents an innovative topology of evanescent mode filters with mixed electromagnetic coupling finalized to take full advantage of additive manufacturing techniques. A four-pole filter with two transmission zeroes was designed starting from a suitable equivalent circuit. The filter was built using a 3-D printer and measured. The good experimental results show the usefulness of the solution when in-line topologies are required.


Bronchopulmonary dysplasia remains the most common severe complication of preterm infants, affecting the quality of life in preterm children seriously.There is no specific or effective treatment available to date for BPD.Since the aetiopathogenesis of BPD is multifactorial, involving diverse molecular signaling pathways, a variety of biomarkers detected in biological fluids have been proposed for early identification of infants predisposed to BPD.

Key words:
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Preterm infants; Biomarker; Prediction


Strut & Tie (S-T) models are used quite commonly for the analysis of reinforced concrete structures and in the calculation of masonry structures. Creating the S-T model of the confined masonry is slightly different from models of reinforced concrete or models of classic masonry structures. These models should take into account different stiffness of concrete and masonry. This article proposes a Strut & Tie model for the analysis of confined masonry. The results of calculations were compared with the results of tests of full scale masonry walls with and without opening. Good compliance of the calculation results of S-T models with the test results was obtained.


Abstract Background Inflammatory events in brain parenchyma and glial tissue are involved in epileptogenesis. Blood concentration of cytokines is shown to be elevated after tonic-clonic seizures. As a result of inflammation, blood-brain barrier leakage occurs. This can be documented by imaging techniques, such is dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced (DSC) MRI perfusion. Our aim was to check for postictal brain inflammation by studying DSC MRI perfusion and plasma level of cytokines. We looked for correlations between number and type of introducing seizures, postictal plasma level of cytokines and parameters of DSC MRI perfusion. Furthermore, we looked for correlation of those parameters and course of the disease over one year follow up. Patients and methods We prospectively enrolled 30 patients, 8–24 hours after single or repeated tonic-clonic seizures. Results 25 of them had normal perfusion parameters, while 5 had hyperperfusion. Patients with hyperperfusion were tested again, 3 months later. Two of 5 had hyperperfusion also on control measurements. Number of index seizures negatively correlated with concentration of proinflammatory cytokines IL-10, IFN-ϒ and TNF-α in a whole cohort. In patients with hyperperfusion, there were significantly lower concentrations of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4 and higher concentrations of proinflammatory TNF-a. Conclusions Long lasting blood- brain barrier disruption may be crucial for epileptogenesis in selected patients.


Since the seminal works of Harold Innis, communication has been a major theme in Canadian history and historiography. Internationally as well, scholars such as Benedict Anderson, Karl Deutsch and John B. Thompson have recognized the centrality of communication systems, particularly the mass media, to the development of the modern world. Unfortunately Canadian historians have not shown much interest in studying the mass media as a formative force in modern Canadian history. Data from the CHA's Register of Dissertations are used to demonstrate the paucity of graduate student research, especially about broadcasting, and some explanations for the neglect are proffered. The paper concludes with an examination of the CBC's Empire Day Broadcast, a central event of the Royal Tour of 1939. This case study demonstrates how one mass media institution worked to construct identity and evoke tradition. It illustrates some of the linkages between the history of the mass media and other current preoccupations of historians, including cultural history (especially the study of spectacles and commemorations) and imperial history (relationships within the British-North American world as World War II approached).


In an adversarial system the prosecutor serves a dual function: he is supposed to be at once an advocate and a neutral minister of justice. Our judicial system has long placed before the prosecutor, in the words of the United States Supreme Court, the "twofold aim ... that guilt shall not escape or innocence suffer."' To the first end, he is required to "prosecute with earnestness and vigor," and because of the second the Court cautions that "he may strike hard blows, [but] he is not at liberty to strike foul ones."2 It may be difficult, of course, for a prosecutor to draw the line between hard blows and foul ones, and so over time the legal profession has developed rules governing a prosecutor's pre-trial obligation to avoid a wrongful conviction. In recent years, the legal profession in the United States has begun to extend those rules into the post-conviction setting and to delineate the contours of a prosecutor's ethical obligation to remedy a wrongful--or a possibly wrongfulconviction. The American Bar Association first adopted a model rule for postconviction conduct in 2008.3 Wisconsin became the first (and only) state to adopt the rule in 2009; New York adopted a similar rule in 2006, but no other state has yet done so.4 In the absence of such guidance, prosecutors' offices across the country have taken widely divergent approaches to post-conviction claims of innocence. This essay will address the changing nature of the prosecutor's ethical obligations after conviction. Our focus will be upon the prosecutor's ethical obligation to support reopening a conviction based upon newly available evidence. We will examine three alternative models for deciding whether a conviction should


In order to optimize the selection of test points in the design of missile system for testability and fault diagnosis,considering integrative factors such as test cost,an efficient algorithm of the test point selection and fault diagnosis strategy of different test level was presented based on the dependency matrix.According to the signal flow,the relative modal was established.By analyzing the contribution of each test point to fault detection and fault isolation as well as the test cost,the value of each point was confirmed.Select right test point and the fault diagnosis could be fixed.The result shows that using the method put forward in the paper to optimize the selection of test points can commendably meet the need of different test level.


This paper addresses a question that has so far been partially neglected by the literature: does public health care expenditure crowd out private health care expenditure? It shows that with an undersupply of public health, public and private health care may behave as complements even if they are substitutes. Furthermore, it proposes an indirect test for detecting the hypothesis of under(over)-supply of public services. An econometric analysis is offered in order to gauge this hypothesis with reference to Italy, by using a large panel of cross-section and time-series observations covering the twenty Italian regions over the period 1985-1992.


In the construction of Liu-Ye "Concrete to Asphalt" project,we strictly control the construction of polyester fiberglass cloth from the aspects of raw materials,construction machinery and construction techniques. Anhui expressway test center checked and accepted it commissioned by the owners. The top layer of pavement smoothness index reached 0.6,and achieved a good result.


In this work, we describe the use of Boron Dipyrromethene (BODIPY) as electron-withdrawing group for activation of double bonds in asymmetric coppercatalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reactions with azomethine ylides. The reactions take place under smooth conditions and with high enantiomeric excess for a large number of different substituents, pointing out the high activation of the alkene by using a boron dipyrromethene as electronwithdrawing group. Experimental, theoretical studies and comparison with other common electron-withdrawing groups in asymmetric copper-catalyzed [3+2] cycloadditions show the reasons of the different reactivity of the boron dipyrromethene derivatives, which can be exploited as a useful activating group in asymmetric catalysis. Additional experiments show that the so obtained pyrrolidines can be employed as biocompatible biosensors, which can be located in the endosomal compartments and do not present toxicity in three cell lines.


ABSTRACT The Neoarchaean crustal evolutionary processes of the North China Craton (NCC) provide a window to understanding the crust–mantle interaction in the Early Earth. The Jiefangyingzi amphibolites are located in the Bainaimiao arc belt, along the northern margin of the NCC. LA–ICP–MS U–Pb isotopic data reveal that the Type 1 amphibolites were formed at ~2562 Ma, and the Type 2 amphibolites were formed at ~2504 Ma, but were subsequently subjected to metamorphism at ~1889 Ma. Lu–Hf isotopic data of the Type 1 amphibolite show positive εHf(t) values (+1.2–+6.0) and TDM from 2612 Ma to 2791 Ma, suggesting a significant episode of 2.6–2.8 Ga crustal growth within the study area. Geochemically, the Type 1 amphibolites show high SiO2 contents (53.37%–55.19%), moderate LREE–enriched patterns (La/Sm)N = 2.42–3.15 and HREE–depleted patterns (Gd/Yb)N = 1.86–2.64, with negative Nb anomalies, which are similar to IAB–like rocks, suggesting that they were derived from partial melting of arc–related depleted mantle with intense subduction–related fluids metasomatism. The Type 2 amphibolites have lower SiO2 contents from 44.28% to 50.77%, and show LREE–depleted REE patterns ((La/Sm)N = 0.67–1.02), nearly unfractionated HREE patterns ((Gd/Yb)N = 0.89–1.77), with negative Nb, Th and positive Sr, Zr anomalies, which are close to N–MORB–like rocks, indicating that they were generated from partial melting of depleted mantle with slight fluid metasomatism. The geochronological, Lu–Hf isotopic and geochemical features show that the IAB–like rocks were formed in an intra–oceanic arc environment, coincide with the significant ~2.5–2.6 Ga episode of crustal growth in the NCC; The slightly younger MORB–like rocks reflect the spreading of the oceanic crust might last until ~2.5 Ga in the central zone.


Objective To observe the expression of brain derive neurotrophic factor(BDNF) protein and BDNFmRNA of spinal cord and muscle at different time after acellular nerve allografts(ANA) repairing the sciatic nerve gap of rats,and to discuss its mechanisms. Methods 36 wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal control group,auto nerve grafts group,ANA 2w,4w,8w,12w group,6 rats each group. The expression of BDNF mRNA and protein of L 4 spinal cord and tibialis anterior at injured site were observed. Results After ANA repairing the sciatic nerve gap on rats,the expression of BDNF of spinal cord at injured site increased at 2w and was up to the highest at 4w to 8w and then decreased,but was significantly higher than that of normal control group at 12w,while compared with auto nerve graft group,the difference was not significant. There was abundance of BDNF protein in tibialis anterior of normal grown-up rats. After ANA repairing the sciatic nerve gap,the expression of BDNF in tibialis anterior decreased at the beginning and came to the lowest,and then increased gradually to normal level at 12w. The expression of BDNF mRNA was consistent with that of the protein. Conclusion BDNF from centrum is very important to nerve regeneration after ANA repairing the sciatic nerve gap on rats. The ANA has good biocompatibility,so it may substitute auto nerve grafts. Its mechanism may relate to upregulating the expression of BDNF mRNA and protein of spinal cord.


The stability of a satellite laser communication terminal control system is a critical performance index in the construction and maintenance of a communication link.Based on the internal loop of the terminal antenna and fast steer mirror(FSM) controllers,a complete control system model is established for the case when the charge coupled device(CCD) detector receives the position of the cooperative terminal to form a closed laser loop.The sufficient condition of system asymptotic stability is induced according to the time delay dependent stability theorem.In order to revise the unstable internal loop design,a state feedback is proposed which combined the sufficient condition and the cone complementary algorithm.The simulation proves that the controller achieved through this scheme is able to keep system stability and provide proper system bandwidth to both coarse and fine loops for their coordination.


Lindner maintains that the depiction of Lizzie's role in The Eustace Diamonds"does not contest the values that underpin nineteenth-century commodity culture",but "merely contests the forms of nineteenth-century social practice and codes that inhibit her power to consume".His view is wide of the mark.In order to have an adequate understanding of the characterization of Lizzie,we not only need to analyze her "double identity" as mentioned by Lindner,but also need to examine her behavior in the context of "success" as recorded in the novel.


Cantu Syndrome (CS) is a rare multi-system disease characterized by hypertrichosis, skeletal abnormalities, and cardiovascular disease. Disease-causing gain of function (GOF) mutations have been identified in the genes encoding both the pore forming subunit (K IR 6.1, KCNJ8) and the accessory subunit (SUR2, ABCC9) of the K ATP channel, but mechanisms by which K ATP GOF mutations confer disease remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize CS cardiovascular disease in a patient cohort and use engineered mouse models to explore how the cardiovascular features arise. Cardiovascular phenotyping demonstrated that CS patients have significantly diminished blood pressure, dilated LV, increased LV mass, and increased contractility (LV global strain (longitudinal)) as assessed by echo. Ambulatory ECG analysis demonstrated diminished heart rate variability, circadian abnormalities, and low vagal function. K ATP currents recorded from cardiac [[Unable to Display Character: –]]specific K IR 6.1 gain of function ((cGOF), G343D) ventricular cardiomyocytes (VM) demonstrated diminished sensitivity to ATP inhibition. Smooth muscle cells (SMC) from vascular-specific K IR 6.1 GOF (vGOF) similarly showed diminished sensitivity to ATP inhibition. cGOF mice showed increased cardiac ejection fraction compared to control mice, while vGOF mice showed increased cardiac strain rate (SR rad-d) by echocardiogram. Neither cGOF, nor vGOF mice showed thickened LV wall dimensions when compared with control mice. Whole cell calcium current recordings from cGOF mouse vm showed markedly increased L-type Ca 2+ current (LTCCC) density that was comparable to that seen in WT vm treated with isoproterenol (iso). To increase K ATP in both VM and SMC, slow release minoxidil (Min, a KATP channel opener) pellets, or placebo were implanted in WT mice for three weeks. Subsequent LTCCC recordings showed increased calcium current in MIN treated mice comparable to iso treated WT vm. Long-standing intracellular calcium excess is a well-described precipitant of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Therefore, increased L-type calcium current found in K ATP GOF models suggests a mechanistic link between increased K ATP current and Cantu cardiac pathology.


In the present work, single-phase CuO particles were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD. The gas sensing properties of the CuO based sensor to some representative flammable VOC gases such as ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, benzene, para-xylene and decane were investigated. The sensor resistance increased when exposed to these flammable analytes, as well as when the concentration of oxygen in air decreased. That phenomenon is attributed to the surface accumulation conduction mechanism of the p-type metal oxide semiconductor, when negatively charged surface oxygen desorbs from the surface of CuO and releases electrons back to the CuO bulk. According to our research, the detection limit of the CuO based sensor to decane was better than 1 ppm, which indicated the potential applications of CuO based sensors in detecting low concentration decane.


SUMMARY 1.This report concerns a study of tuberculosis in schools in a four-county sanatorium district which has been in continuous operation since 1930. 2.The program has consisted of administering the tuberculin test to children and personnel with roentgenographic inspection of the chests of the reactors, and complete examination of those with shadow-casting lesions suspected of being tuberculous. 3.For each tuberculin reactor a careful search has been made for the source of the infection among adult associates. 4.A serious tuberculosis problem was found and solved among teachers and other school employees. 5.When children and personnel members have presented progressive clinical pulmonary tuberculosis, they have been promptly removed from the schools. Outside sources of infection, when found, have also been isolated in a sanatorium as soon as possible. 6.The Certification of Schools Project of the American School Health Association was adopted in 1946. This required testing with tuberculin 100 per cent of personnel and 95 per cent or more of children from kindergarten through the 12th grade. All schools in the four-county area soon qualified for certification and have since maintained this status. 7.Among the more than 150,000 children studied over the years, locating sources of exposure, isolating and treating them and carrying out the remainder of the original aims, the tuberculosis morbidity rate has been reduced from 83.1 per 100,000, average age 25 years, in 1930 to 7.7 per 100,000 age 65 to 70 years in 1965. The mortality rate in 1930 was 26.1, but in 1965 none died. More than 15 per cent of school children reacted to tuberculin in 1930, but only 2.2 per cent in 1965–66. Testing of the cattle of this district in 1966 revealed only one tuberculin reactor.


The project activities are directed towards increasing the effective availability of the track infrastructure, increasing the life of new or renovated asset, reducing the cost of maintenance by timely intervention based on objective measurement of degradation, and thereby providing a high quality reliable service to the end user. This will enable a move from the "find and fix" approach towards preventative maintenance with visibility of residual life and future investment requirements.


Mimosa pudica L. is commonly called as touch me not plant, a prostrate or semi-erect sub shrub of tropical America and Australia, also found in India. The phytochemical screening of the crude extract showed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, coumarin glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, phytosterols, phenols and tannins, proteins and terpenoids. The methanol extract showed the highest percentage extractive of 11.6. The anthelmintic activity was tested on Indian adult earthworm Pheretima posthuma. The leaf was extracted separately with methanol and distilled water using cold extraction method. Different concentrations (20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/ml) of each extract were tested for anthelmintic activity by determining the time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. The aqueous and methanol extracts showed anthelmintic activity at all concentrations and its activities are well comparable with the standard drug, albendazole (positive control). The methanol extracts showed the highest anthelmintic activity than albendazole as well as the aqueous extract. Tween 20 (1%) with saline was used as negative control did not show any anthelmintic activity.


The main seismic design codes propose simplified formulations to evaluate the fundamental period of regular structures based on the total height. Indeed, the fundamental period depends on several parameters directly connected to the mass and stiffness of the structure and on its geometrical characteristics, including also irregularities.


Background/Objectives: This paper proposes a method to provide security to Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), a protocol for supporting the mobility of IoT devices. Methods/Statistical analysis: This paper presents a security protocol for binding update bi-directional authentication, which can be used in limited IoT and MIPv6 environments without using IPSec. Findings: It reduces the load on the network and the computational cost of each node since the key-based key pair is used. The size of the exchanged protocol message is also less than existing protocols. Improvements/Applications: It can exchange a minimum number of messages in an IoT environment with limited computing power.


Trust is a hidden fabric of online social networks (OSNs) that enables online interactions, e.g., online transactions on Ebay. The fundamental properties of trust in OSNs, however, have not been adequately studied yet. In this work, we advance the understanding of trust in OSNs by analyzing the Advogato dataset [1]. We study the properties of direct trust, indirect trust, and trust community detection in Advogato. We found that 1) the trust between users are asymmetric, 2) high degree users are usually associated with high trust, 3) diversity in people's opinions on the same person will affect indirect trust inference, 4) users live in many separate "small small worlds" from the perspective of trust and it is difficult to identify these "small small worlds" with existing random walk-based community detection algorithms, e.g., ACL [2]. It in fact motivates the need for a new community detection algorithm to identify clusters of user connected by trustful relations. Although our findings are from a specific OSN, they can significantly impact how OSNs are designed and configured in the future, e.g., a better user crowdsourcing setting based on trust information.


Three new species of Triplonychus Candèze, T. cruspinosus sp. nov., T. crassifemoris sp. nov. and T. tibialatus sp. nov., and a new species of Globothorax Fleutiaux, G. latidens sp. nov., from Brazil are described. Illustrations, photographic and SEM images are presented. A review of the diagnostic generic characters and a key to the species of Triplonychus and Globothorax from Brazil are also given.