Taking city-level or higher-level cities of Circum-Bohai-Sea region as the main research objects,using the numbers of employees as the main indicators,this article describes the status of urban service industries' development,the inner-structure differences and the features of spatial distribution in the central cities.Studies show that the service industry development of Circum-Bohai-Sea region is rapid in recent years.At the same time,there are some differences in spatial distribution of service industry.There is a spatial gradient of service industry distribution.Service industries,especially consumer services focus on central cities with higher administrative levels.The results also show that the development of service industries in the central cities in Circum-Bohai-Sea area is uneven.The level of service industry in some central cities with advantageous location is lower,and more efforts should be taken to strengthen the service industry of central cities in Liaoning Peninsula and Shandong Peninsula.Some suggestions are proposed such as choosing the specific service industry in the central cities by the features and urban development conditions.


Firstly,different types of heating systems are compared in this paper.Next,we focus on the analysis of the characteristics of the intelligent controlled electric heating system.Finally,the application and the prospect of this heating system are concluded respectively.


Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Lynn Vogt (Calgary Field Naturalists), Mark Heckbert (Alberta Environment-High Prairie), and Denver Holt (Owl Research Institute, Montana) for providing information on previous records in and outside the province. Also thanks to Dr. Ken Schmidt for bringing the Bashaw record to our attention, and to Dan Lockshaw for providing the North America range map of the Barn Owl from his website. Finally, thank you to Jocelyn Hudon (Curator of Ornithology, Provincial Museum of Alberta) for providing the museum accession numbers.


Jean-Roger Vergnaud's open letter to Chomsky in April I977 was an important, although often unappreciated, event in the emergence of the Government-Binding approach to syntactic theory. There he proposed that some of the filters of Chomsky & Lasnik (I977) could be eliminated or simplified with the notion of an abstract 'Governed Case'. From this emerged the familiar Case Filter, whereby phonetic NPs and variables have Case, and the idea that Case is assigned under conditions of government, analogous to the way that thematic roles are assigned. Government thus became the unifying concept, underlying principles of Case, thematic roles and eventually much more. The guiding intuition was that government was an extremely local relationship, essentially sisterhood and typically the relation between a head and its complement. The notion was stretched plausibly to allow expect to govern and assign case to them in I expect them to arrive on time under an exceptional (but learnable) operation of S' Deletion, but strict sisterhood remained the intuitive basis for government. Meanwhile, as ideas about Government-Binding theories were emerging, for example, during the Pisa workshop of 1979, some ill-understood matters were tossed into a can called 'RES(NIC)', the residue of the earlier Nominative Island Condition, which had required that a nominative anaphor be locally bound:


Proposed a novel approach to detect changes in the product quality of process systems by using negative selection algorithms inspired by the natural immune system. The most important input variables of the process system was represented by artificial immune cells, from which product quality was inferred, instead of directly using the prod- uct quality which was hard to measure online, e.g. the ash content of coal flotation con- centrate. The experiment was presented and then the result was analyzed.


[Objective] To study bacterial communities and diversity in shrimp (Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis) intestine. [Methods] 16S rRNA gene was amplified and a library was constructed by genomic DNA that was extracted from the bacteria in shrimp intestine. [Results] Different RFLP patterns of the clones were obtained from analysis with Hae and III Msp I. By comparing the obtained sequence with the published sequence in the GenBank database, 114 clones were obtained in the 16S rRNA clone library, and 11 different RFLP patterns of the clone were affirmed by Hae and III Msp I. There were 8 clone sequences in high identity with known bacteria sequence, respectively belonging to Pseudomonas (17.5%), Enterobater (21.1%), Frigoribacterium (8.8%), Phaeobacter (5.3%), Vibrio (10.5%), Erythrobacter (9.6%), Aeromona (4.4%), and Staphylococcus 沈辉等: 脊尾白虾肠道微生物菌群结构 1923 http://journals.im.ac.cn/wswxtbcn (2.6%). In addition, uncultured bacteria accounted for 19.3%. [Conclusion] This study discovered the bacterial communities in the intestine of Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis, and the results would enhance our understanding about the bacterial community composition in Exopalaemon carinicauda Holehuis intestine and provide valuable data for the development of disease prevention mechanisms for shrimp cultivation.


Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T-cell malignancy associated to the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). There are between 10 and 20 million HTLV-1 carriers worldwide, particularly in Southwest Japan, the Caribbean, Central Africa, South America and Papua New-Guinea.


To study different conceptualizations of TV loyalty, we analyzed two weeks of data from a representative panel of 2,365 British viewers. Correlational analyses reveal that television viewing is remarkably consistent over time in terms of selected channels, preferred program types, and preferred programs within program types. At least for the British viewer and the British broadcasting system with four nationally available channels, loyalty ranges from general allocation of time to television to very specific preferences for single programs.


High-frequency permeability spectra of FeSiB coatings prepared with spark-eroded magnetic particles were studied. In order to measure the relative permeability of FeSiB coatings with low permeability more accurately, the calibration procedure of the existing permeameter was modified. The modified permeability spectra indicate that FeSiB coatings have the relative permeability below 10 and appreciable losses at frequencies above ~20 MHz. Permeability spectra of CoTaZr amorphous films with the relative permeability above 600 were used for the comparison


The ionosphere is magnetized plasma that forms above the neutral atmosphere due to solar ionization of upper atmosphere constituents. It presents an obstacle to space based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems since it affects the radar signals traveling through it. Its impact can be split into two groups: uniform effects (those caused by a spatially uniform non-turbulent ionosphere) and nonuniform effects (those caused by irregularities in the ionosphere). In this paper, we present a method for simulating the uniform non-turbulent effects such as dispersion, group delay, Faraday rotation, and phase shift. This method is then validated using PALSAR data of Washington, DC. We also show the coherence in this scene after ionospheric effects are added. Finally, the model is used to predict the level of ionospheric effects in future space based SAR systems such as ALOS-2.


Estimating a model that implements the rational expectation solution to the competitive storage model requires the computation of a numeric solution which is approximated over a finite grid of points, as introduced in a seminal paper by Deaton and Laroque (1995). This paper explores the robustness of the Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Estimator of Deaton and Laroque (1995) to alternative specifications of the grid over which to approximate the solution function. By using the same price samples that have been previously analyzed in the literature, it shows that the estimates are highly unstable when the grid is too widely spaced, thus raising doubts on their reliability. New estimates are presented which correspond to various grid specifications, to assess the sensitivity of the estimator to three crucial parameters of the grid: the lower value, the upper value and the number of grid points. Moreover, alternative specifications of the storage cost function are presented that allow for a better fit of the data sets.


We use the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation to investigate field-driven domain wall propagation in magnetic nanotubes. We find that the distortion is maximum as the time becomes infinite and the exact rigid-body solutions are obtained analytically. We also find that the velocity increases with increasing the ratio of inner radius and outer radius. That is to say, we can accelerate domain wall motion not only by increasing the magnetic field, but also by reducing the thickness of the nanotubes.


Operational planning is an activity carried out by all manufacturing and logistical companies. Its co-ordination with supply chain partners aims at synchronising resources utilisation in order to minimise inefficiencies, such as unnecessary inventory holding, or in order to improve revenue through better resource utilisation. It is a rather complex process as partners have different objectives and information asymmetry is part of any effort to find good co-ordination solutions. Furthermore, because supply chains evolve in a dynamic and uncertain environment, once a co-ordination of operations plans is achieved, input data, such as forecasts or resources' status, can change and affect on hand plans. These dynamic changes not only require updating the plan that is directly affected by the changes, but it also requires the adjustment of all plans that are part of the same co-ordination solution (Stadtler, H. 2009. A framework for collaborative planning and state-of-the-art. OR Spectrum, 31 (1), 5–30). Therefore, the development of a practical co-ordination approach should be capable of dealing with these dynamic changes. This paper proposes a dynamic mutual adjustment search heuristic, which can be used to co-ordinate the operations plans of two independent supply chain partners, linked by material and non-strategic information flows. Computational analysis shows that the proposed approach produces a win-win strategy in the context of two supply chain partners, and improves the results of upstream planning in each planning cycle, and also improves the fairness of revenue sharing when compared to optimal centralised planning.


The present invention relates to a method for detecting defects in an electrochemical device, at least one characteristic value (Val The method includes a mathematical operation comprising a wavelet transform, such a mathematical operation is performed to obtain the characteristic value (Val The present invention also relates to a method for performing such a device and a computer program.


Summary.

1
Within the breeding seasons regulated by annual changes in environmental conditions, there exist detailed changes in the pattern of hormone secretion from stage to stage within the season, which are in part responsible for the successive changes in behaviour during the season.

2
In many species of birds the general environmental variables induce greater development in the male reproductive system than in the female, so that males arriving at the breeding grounds in spring are usually more advanced toward full spermatogenesis than are the females toward ovulation. Experimentally, additional illumination alone is capable of bringing about full testicular development, but not full ovarian development.

3
Stimuli arising from courtship behaviour induce the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone by the pituitary gland of the female in many species of birds.

4
The presence of nesting material and of the nest, and/or participation in nest-building behaviour, further contribute to the advancement of the reproductive cycle, probably contributing to the stimulation of luteinizing hormone secretion by the pituitary.

5
Stimuli provided by the eggs appear to be able to induce prolactin secretion, and to inhibit the secretion of FSH. The prolactin secretion so stimulated probably, in turn, contributes to the maintenance of incubation, and of the brood patch.

6
Stimuli provided by the young are capable of inhibiting or delaying the onset of a new laying cycle, although the physiological basis of this is rather obscure.

7
Recently discovered details of the physiological and anatomical relationships between the brain and the pituitary gland provide insight into the anatomical and physiological mechanisms by means of which external stimuli can reflexly cause changes in hormone secretion.

8
The synchronization of the behaviour of the members of a mated pair, necessary for effective reproduction, is probably in part effected by the effects upon their endocrine glands of stimuli which they provide to each other, and which they receive from the eggs and young.

9
These processes of neuro-endocrine and "psycho-endocrine" regulation provide a link, in certain areas, between the work of physiologists, ethologists, ecologists, and animal psychologists.


PURPOSE. In anterior polar cataracts and the fibrosis that can occur after cataract surgery, lens epithelial cells synthesize abundant extracellular matrix molecules and transdifferentiate into myofibroblast-like cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b has been implicated as a key player in these cataractous changes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the TGF-b– inducible gene h3 (big-h3) is expressed in lens epithelial cells from patients with anterior polar cataracts and to test whether big-h3 is induced by TGF-b in cultured lens epithelial cells.


An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed to estimate the NH 3 -N under the bacterial technology in Xuxi River, China. Eight water quality variables such as Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Suspended Sediment (SS), Temperature, Transparency, and Ammonia Nitrogen (NH 3 -N) were used as inputs for the network. The observed and the predicted NH3-N of the trained networks showed a good fit after the training with a coefficient of correlation (r) and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.91 and 2.61 respectively. Sensitivity analysis was used to determine the influence of input variables on the dependent variable; TN, Transparency, DO, and TP have proven to be the most effective inputs. Their training's results showed a coefficient of correlation (r = 0.9295) and a (RMSE = 1.2081) which is more accurate than the prediction with eight inputs variables.


1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 inhibits renal interstitial myofibroblast activation by inducing hepatocyte growth factor expression. Background Vitamin D and its metabolites play an important role in calcium homeostasis, bone remodeling, hormone secretion, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Recent studies also suggest a beneficial role of vitamin D in slowing the progression of chronic renal glomerular diseases. This study investigated the effects and potential mechanism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] on the regulation of myofibroblast activation from interstitial fibroblast, a critical event in generating α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-positive, matrix-producing effector cells in renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods Normal rat renal interstitial fibroblast cell line (NRK-49F) was used as a model system. Myofibroblast activation was initiated by incubation with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Expression of α-SMA, collagen I, thrombospondin-1, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunostaining, respectively. HGF promoter activity was evaluated by using luciferase reporter assay. Results Incubation of rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F) with 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 suppressed TGF-β1-induced de novo α-SMA expression in a dose-dependent manner. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also suppressed type I collagen and thrombospondin-1 expression induced by TGF-β1. Interestingly, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 induced HGF mRNA expression and protein secretion in renal interstitial fibroblasts. Transfection studies revealed that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 stimulated HGF gene promoter activity, which was dependent on the presence of vitamin D response element (VDRE). 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 induced the binding of vitamin D receptor to the VDRE in HGF promoter region. Furthermore, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 was capable of stimulating HGF receptor phosphorylation in renal fibroblasts. Incubation with specific HGF neutralizing antibody largely abolished 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -mediated suppression of myofibroblast activation. Conclusion These observations suggest that vitamin D analogue possesses renoprotective activity through suppression of the matrix-producing myofibroblast activation. This action of vitamin D is mediated, at least in part, by up-regulating antifibrotic HGF gene expression in renal interstitial fibroblasts.


Automated or semi-automated feature extraction from remotely collected, large scale image data has been a challenging issue in digital photogrammetry for many years. In the feature extraction field, fusing different types of data to provide complementary information about the objects is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, we present a newly developed approach for the automatic extraction of urban area road networks from a true orthoimage and lidar assuming the road network to be a semi-grid pattern. The proposed approach starts from the subdivision of a study area into small regions based on homogeneity of the dominant road directions from the true orthoimage. Each region's road candidates are selected with a proposed free passage measure. This process is called the "acupuncture" method. Features around the road candidates are used as key factors for an advanced "acupuncture method" called the region-based acupuncture method. Extracted road candidates are edited to avoid collocation with non-road features such as buildings and grass fields. In order to produce a building map for the prior step, a first-last return analysis and morphological filter are used with the lidar point cloud. A grass area thematic map is generated by supervised classification techniques from a synthetic image, which contains the three color bands from the true orthoimage and the lidar intensity value. Those non-road feature maps are used as a blocking mask for the roads. The accuracy of the result is evaluated quantitatively with respect to manually compiled road vectors, and a completeness of 80 percent and a correctness of 79 percent are obtained with the proposed algorithm on an area of 1,081,600 square meters.


The ideal of the British New Woman, variously representing feminist, activist, fashion reformer, and writer, has been the subject of renewed critical interest since the late twentieth century. Although symptomatic of its situation in the fin de siècle, which "names those things that were never quite assimilated into the high-Victorian moment," since the 1980s the New Woman has transcended its polemical Victorian conceptualization to represent "prequels to modernism as well as sequels to Victorianism." As Sally Ledger has argued, the New Woman, despite being largely a "discursive phenomenon," was nonetheless historically significant and central to late Victorian literary culture.


A meeting in Linz, Austria in June 2018 was convened by UNESCO together with IFIP TC3 in order to examine the needs and challenges/opportunities in relation to changing Computing curricula and the renewed focus on "coding" or programming and a stronger Computer Science content. The following key challenges previously identified (see task force/EDUSummIT report – Appendix 1) were all considered by delegates to apply in their own countries but with varying importance at different stages in their processes of curriculum change.


The meaning of the so-called mutually explanatory is that during a process of change the Chinese character,we classify the characters which have the same meaning or similar meaning,and then make characters have the same radicals.At the same time,characters which have the same radical should include the meaning of the radical,this meaning can pass to each other in this type of characters,so that it can make all the characters not only form structures which are systematically but also relate the meanings to radicals.The meaning of mutually explanatory which was defined by Xu Shen indicated that he has a deep cognition of the configuration of Chinese character.


Abstract The vibration of a simply supported rectangular plate which is reinforced by a finite number of springs at arbitrary locations is sought as a linear combination of the flexural modes of the corresponding unloaded (or simple) plate. Although these modes cannot be directly used to decouple the dynamic equations of the motion of the reinforced plate, it is still advantageous to use them as a complete set of basis functions to represent the interested quantities such as the deflection of the plate. A linear transformation is established between the two modal spaces spanned by the modes, respectively, for the reinforced and the unloaded plates. The radiation characteristics of the spring-reinforced plate are investigated by using a near field formulation. In order to reduce computational burden, a frequency interpolation technique is employed so that numerical integration now needs to be carried out only at some key frequencies. The specific radiation resistances of the basis modes are first determined as a set of invariants from which the modal radiation efficiency of the reinforced plate can be readily extracted. The effects of cross-modal coupling between the basis modes have been considered, which is necessary for an accurate determination of the modal radiation efficiency for the reinforced plate. A qualitative procedure is also described for locating the "coincidence" frequencies where the modal radiation efficiencies of the reinforced plate tend to reach their peak values.


The paper addresses an experimental study of the flame speed and of spatial temperature distribution at various depths of the bed of pine needles of Siberian boreal forests, a study of the composition of gaseous species and distribution of their concentrations across the bed during fire spread and the study of the impact of the wind velocity on these characteristics. It has been found that, as the wind velocity rises in the range of 0.12 - 0.2 m/s, the burning regime changes dramatically, as well as the temperature and concentration profiles of gaseous species inside the bed. At low wind velocities, flame penetrates the bed, while at high ones it does not. At wind velocities 0.15 m/s and higher, as the wind velocity grows, together with the dramatic growth of the flame velocity the maximum temperature in the flame front in the middle of the bed decreases from 1200 °С to 600 °С , the width of the combustion zone increases, in accordance with the temperature and О 2 и CO 2 concentration measurements. The flame front in the middle of the bed is biased relative to the flame front on the bed surface The data obtained in the study may be used in developing a


Early eleventh century Japan was ruled by a group of aristocratic elites centered in and around Kyoto. Substantial social and economic changes took place during the subsequent three centuries as a result of the privatization of government that the Kyoto elites themselves had initiated. But these changes, which are most aptly represented by the rise of the warrior class and the mercantilization of the economy, were remarkably slow despite their internal forces. The elites' ability to coopt and contain these trends secured their survival for an extraordinarily long time, while delaying developments that in hindsight may seem inevitable. The warrior class only came to prominence in the mid-fourteenth century, and the merchant class was contained and controlled for even longer. In comparison to other cultures, the flexibility and the inclusiveness of the Japanese political system are particularly noteworthy. In early eleventh century Japan, the prominent Fujiwara no Michinaga boldly proclaimed; This world, I think, Is indeed my world, Like the full moon I shine, Uncovered by any cloud!1 To be sure, for the nobles of ancient Kyoto, there appears to have been few things troubling their way of life, for the early eleventh century is Medieval 10,1-3_f13_309-337 11/4/04 2:47 PM Page 309


Background. The current system of teachers training needs improvement. The Conception offers a solution to this problem. The aim of this work is to analyze the provisions of the conception. Materials and methods. Realization of the research tasks was achived through the use ofthe text of the document under discussion and the works by K. D. Ushinsky, M. V. Lomonosov, F. M. Dostoevsky. The methodological base included the following methods: abstraction and concreteness, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. Results. The author carried out the analysis of the Conception of teachers training: introduction of bachelors training with the prevailing practical component; teacher training of students of the nonpedagogical profile; extension and improvement of teaching practice through development of school-University partnerships; increased synergy between the special, psycho-pedagogical and informational-technical components of the educational content. Conclusions. The Conception needs to be further improved and discussed. It is necessary to strengthen the psychological-pedagogic preparation of students.


The rapid development of the World Wide Web has created massive information leading to the information overload problem. Under this circumstance, personalization techniques have been brought out to help users in finding content which meet their personalized interests or needs out of massively increasing information. User profiling techniques have performed the core role in this research. Traditionally, most user profiling techniques create user representations in a static way. However, changes of user interests may occur with time in real world applications. In this research we develop algorithms for mining user interests by integrating time decay mechanisms into topic-based user interest profiling. Time forgetting functions will be integrated into the calculation of topic interest measurements on in-depth level. The experimental study shows that, considering temporal effects of user interests by integrating time forgetting mechanisms shows better performance of recommendation.


Summary The case report of a 15-year-old patient with an unusual form of atrial septal defect is described. Echocardiography showed separation of the secundum and primum atrial septums due to abnormal posterior and leftward attachment of the primum septum into the roof of the left atrium. The morphology has been variably described as a 'double' atrial septum or 'spiral' atrial septal defect. Despite the technical challenge of this form of atrial septal defect, it was effectively closed by ensuring that all relevant septal structures were incorporated between the discs of the occlusion device. This was associated with a stable position and good medium-term outcome. This contrasts with the experience of others where device embolisation or technical failure has been described. Learning points The spiral atrial septal defect is characterised by an apparently 'double' atrial septum. Such atrial septal defects (ASDs) have been associated with a high rate of technical failure of transcatheter closure. 3D echocardiography assists in understanding the anatomy of the defect. Following deployment of the ASD occlusion device transoesophageal echocardiography is essential to ensure that both septum primum and secundum are between the occluder discs. Catheter closure can be successful if close attention is paid to the morphology of the defect and incorporation of margins within the discs of the septal occluder.


One kind of a focusing leveling apparatus, comprising: a measuring light emitted from the lighting unit, passes through the slit projection, a projection lens group, the test wafers, to detect the front group lens group, the aperture probe, the probe group lens group, the refractive after the unit, a relay lens group, a photodetector converts the optical signal to be measured with the surface of the wafer height and tilt related electrical signal through the photodetector is transmitted to the arithmetic unit and a focus leveling control device, generates a control signal to control the measured wafer workpiece stage height and tilt adjusted accordingly; wherein said projection has a plurality of slits are not in the same line markers, the incident said multi-beam light through the refractive index of the refractive element in the unit generates a plurality of light spots on the same straight line.


This is a guide to the most important creators of big-time TV over the past 45 years. For dominant performers like Jackie Gleason and Carol Burnett to powerhouse producers like Norman Lear and Stephen Bocho, the book reviews the style, story and impact makers of prime-time TV and their influence on the largest industry of all the mass media. Covering the old-time variety shows and sit-coms, the book's cast of characters includes Milton Berle, Jack Webb and Red Skelton.


To improve the precisions of pose error analysis for 6-dof parallel kinematic mechanism( PKM)during assembly quality control,a Sobol sequence based on Quasi Monte Carlo( QMC) method is introduced and implemented in pose accuracy analysis for the PKM in this paper. The Sobol sequence based on Quasi Monte Carlo with the regularity and uniformity of samples in high dimensions,can prevail traditional Monte Carlo method with up to 98. 59% and 98. 25% enhancement for computational precision of pose error statistics.Then a PKM tolerance design system integrating this method is developed and with it pose error distributions of the PKM within a prescribed workspace are finally obtained and analyzed.


The paradigm of the Constitutional State has conducted the Mexican state to make the Catalogue of human right wider and more productive in different factors of international law, thanks to the new constitutional reform spe[…]


Background: Rotator cuff tears are common problems that often require surgery. In Canada, there are often wait times for orthopaedic consultation and surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate functional changes during the wait times on patients with rotator cuff tears. Methods: Between January 2003 and April 2008, 135 patients with rotator cuff disorders were recruited from a surgical consultation list. Participants were assessed shoulder external rotation strength and self-reported upper extremity disability questionnaires at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 months follow-up till they received surgery. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model functional changes that occurred during wait-times. Results: A total of 135 patients (average age=65 year) with rotator cuff disorders were recruited from a surgical consultation list and followed prospectively while waiting for surgery. Participants were assessed for range of motion, shoulder strength, patient-reported pain and disability, as well as health status at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 months follow-up till they received surgery. Functional changes in patient-reported outcomes and strength were analyzed. The average wait times of patients to receive surgery was 154 days. Patients with severe injury were more likely to undergo surgery before 3 months. The length of time waiting wait times had a minor impact on self-reported disabilities as long as strength. Conclusions: Surgeons are triaging patients with more severe problems to receive treatment earlier. We observed patients had small further declines in functions occurring during a six-month surgical wait time. Further studies are needed to explore earlier stage in the clinical course.


The amount of solar radiation absorbed, reflected or transmitted by vegetation depends on the radiation distribution and the canopy properties. This study of the optical properties of an oak forest under foliated and non‐foliated conditions is attempted in order to better understand radiation use and exchange. Canopy absorptivity, reflectivity and transmittivity to global solar and photosynthetically active radiation (S and PAR, respectively) are considered. To estimate the forest optical properties, radiation measurements above and below the canopy were taken in the middle of a 0.97 km2 natural, slightly sloped, 50‐year‐old, oak forest in the Northern Peloponese, Greece.


person in possession, evidence of possession of the property when distrained, which consisted of the furnishings of a hotel conducted by the plaintiff, was held proof of ownership and right of possession, which imposed on the collector the burden to justify the seizure, by a preponderance of evidence, showing that the property belonged to the taxpayer. The tax lists returned by the taxpayer to the local assessor of property, which included the property seized, were held incompetent. An injunction was held to lie, to prevent seizure and sale of property of one person for taxes owing by another, when such sale threatens disruption of the plaintiff's going business, resulting in irreparable injury. Such a suit is not one against the United States, but against an officer who, in the discharge of a ministerial duty, is committing a trespass on plaintiff's property, without authority, the prohibition contained in § 3224 R. S. applying to suits by taxpayers only and to persons and things within the scope of the revenue laws.


In an earlier paper published in this journal, Chaves (1989) found that the relative stability in Protestant church attendance in the United States results from the offsetting effects of secularization and revival. The secularization occurs across birth-cohorts, as successive cohorts are less inclined to attend church than were their forebears. The revival is a within-cohort phenomenon: Within birthcohorts, attendance has increased over time. However, Chaves did not estimate the magnitude of the offsetting effects. For 1972-1989, cohort and period variation accounts for less than 1% of the variation in Protestant church attendance. Apparently cohort membership has little effect on church attendance, recent popular and scholarly accounts notwithstanding. Moreover, offsetting withinand across-cohort trends could reflect lifecycle effects rather than counteracting period "revival" and cohort "secularization" effects. We suggest consistent with Hout and Greeley (1987) and Greeley (1989) that the lifecycle interpretation is more plausible.


An interpretive exhibition of the botanical drawings and watercolours of John Ruskin, held in the Ruskin Library, Lancaster University, in 2011. The exhibition was co-curated by David Ingram and Stephen Wildman.


This study explored the lived experiences of the Bukidnon State University Graduate student scholars in the Mindanao Regions during the School Year 2014-2020. The study delved into the scholars' experiences in the six related factors, namely: students, BukSU faculty, BukSU administration, DepEd administration, work, and family.
A phenomenological qualitative research design was employed. Twelve graduate student scholars were the participants of the study. The triangulation approach employing interviews, focus group discussions, and document review in the gathering of data assured the validity of the findings. Participants' narratives on their lived experiences underwent transcriptions and analysis using Colaizzi's method (1978).
There were six (6) themes that surfaced-out from the lived experiences of the graduate student scholars, namely: Challenging yet, fulfilling Student-Learning Experiences; Satisfying Learning Experience with Well-rounded graduate faculty; Heart-warming learning experience with the BukSU Administration; Impressive support from the DepEd Administration; Pressured learning experience; and encouraging support system.  A model showcasing the meaningful experiences of the graduate scholars and the attributes of how these scholars succeed in the pursuit of a graduate degree came out from these emerging themes.


A new ichnospecies, Petroxestes altera, is erected for a distinctive boring (ethological class: domichnia) in the hemipneustid (holasteroid) echinoid, Hemipneustes striatoradiatus (LESKE, 1778), from the lower Nekum Member (Maastricht Formation, late Maastrichtian) at Eben Emael, province of Liege (northeast Belgium). Hitherto, the type ichnospecies of Petroxestes, P. pera WILSON & PALMER, 1988, has been recorded from the Ordovician-Lower Silurian of the United States and Canada and from the middle Miocene of Carriacou (The Grenadines). In overall morphology, the new taxon closely resembles the type ichnospecies, but differs in displaying slightly chipped margins and a well-developed sculpture of undulating grooves, of variable depth and width, on the bottom of the trace, overprinted by small scratches which do not show any preferred orientation. The producer most likely was a sipunculan worm.


Rosenzweig's paper deals with material in which I have no expertise, so my comments are brief. The paper provides essential scientific background for this session, and she does a good job in presenting it. My only caveat is that she could have given us a bit more that would have been especially relevant for agricultural economists beginning to think about climate change. I have particularly in mind two aspects of the general circulation models (GCMs) on which projections of future climates depend. Rosenzweig notes the many limitations of these models, including their "inability to simulate current regional climates accurately." She could usefully have made more of this. Most analyses of climate change impacts on agriculture (e.g., Adams) measure the impacts, for example on crop yields, against the present situation, including implicitly the present climate. However, if the present climate had the characteristics the GCMs say it has, the present structure of agriculture likely would be different in some significant ways from what it actually is. This likelihood imparts some ambiguity to comparisons of present yields with those representing impacts of the climate changes given to us by the GCMs. (I owe this observation to my colleague, Norman Rosenberg). In her account of GCM limitations, Rosenzweig also notes the lack of agreement among the models with respect to regional climate effects of global warming. I wish she had told us more about this, and if she had more space in these pages she doubtless would have. The issue is important because the lack of agreement among the GCMs with respect to regional climates, especially precipitation, is considerable, and it is a major problem for those of us seeking to say something sensible about regional impacts of global warming. Rosenzweig notes that largely because of the poorly understood thermal inertia of the oceans, the time required for the atmosphere to warm by the 2.50C to 5.50C predicted for an equivalent doubling of CO2 is estimated to range from several decades to a century. The size of this range is a major problem for analysis of climate change impacts and of policies for dealing with them. If the earth warms by 2.50C to 5.50C in several (three or four?) decades, the ability of natural and social systems to mitigate the impacts almost surely will b much more limited than if the warming occurs over a century. This probably is more true for some sectors, e.g., public utilities, than it is for agriculture, where, as Adams notes, the time scale of most adjustments can b measured in a few decades or less. Nonetheless, agricultural adjustments occur in the context of the total economy, so the great uncertainty about the time scale for adjustments of nonagricultural sectors is relevant for agriculture also. Adams' paper is a most useful complement to Rosenzweig's, which no doubt is what the planners of this session intended. Adams' treatment is a thoroughly professional piece of work. It advances our understanding of the complex problem of climate change impacts while simultaneously revealing the crucial limitations of this kind of analysis. If I here emphasize the limitations rather than the increased understanding, it is because we must overcome the former if we are to have more of the latter.


The present invention provides a novel guanylate cyclase -C agonist peptides, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation or cancer (for example, gastrointestinal cancer) in the treatment of human diseases, including,, its use and. The peptide can be administered alone or in combination with an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent phosphodiesterase. Gastrointestinal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, can be classified as such as constipation, or excessive acidity. Gastrointestinal disorders can be classified Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis including inflammatory bowel disease or other GI conditions, as well as cancer.


In order to clarify the fluid flow characteristics inside double-fed wind generator,a 1.5 MW double-fed wind generator was taken as an example.According to the structure and cooling type of generators,a multi-dimensional model of fluid-solid coupled for solving the temperature field was established based on fundamental assumptions.By adding boundary conditions,the temperature and fluid fields were analyzed numerically using the finite volume method.And the calculated results were compared with test data,which proved the correctness of the computing method and the solving model.At last the characters of cooling medium(water and air) inner the stator and rotor,such as flow velocity,temperature rise and path lines,were analyzed,which reveals the changing regularity on the performance of cooling medium for large doubly-fed wind generators.


PbS colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) are promising materials for optoelectronic devices, due to their size-tunable properties. However, there is still minimal understanding of their charge transport mechanism. Through a combination of ligand selections, ambipolar transistor structure optimization, and electrochemical gating usage, high carrier mobility is achieved. The outstanding device characteristics open possibility to investigate the intrinsic transport properties of PbS NCs.


One of the characteristics of constructivist approach is that learners construct their own knowledge and teachers act as facilitators. The teaching learning process is student-centered rather than teacher-centered. Cooperative learning model of STAD type is a learning model of constructivist approach. The aim of this research is to enhance the quality of teaching learning process and achievement of the 23 students taking Organic Chemistry III at the Chemistry Department of the State University of Malang. This is a classroom action research consisting of two cycles. The researcher acts as the teacher and observer. The findings show that cooperative learning can enhance the learning process as well as the students' achievement.


The Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture (Center) was founded in 1963 to "give life to a completely new way of realizing the EAST-WEST-NORTH-SOUTH collaboration, without discrimination and above any ideological, political, or racial barrier." The Italian Ministry of Education, the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research, and the Sicilian Regional Government sponsor the center, located in Erice, Sicily. The center is named for an Italian theoretical unclear physicist, of whom Enrico Fermi said "... and then there are the geniuses like Galileo and Newton. Ettore Majorana was one of these."


This paper presents some of the design, construction, and operational issues associated with using airships (dirigibles or Zeppelins) as very large stationary platforms positioned at high altitudes. Innovative construction techniques and the application of robotics to those techniques offer the potential of cost reductions sufficient to make the concept economically feasible. Some of the operational concepts could also be adapted to small Remotely Piloted Vehicles (RPVs) or semi-autonomous vehicles.


of volumes which claims t o 'cover the whole area of modern knowledge in the light of Cathol ic teaching' , it would have been wor th while t o ment ion the bulls of Boniface I X and Mar t in V authorising certain Abbo t s to ordain to the priesthood, and to point ou t that , though the Council of Trent lays down tha t the 'powers of the Bishop to confirm a n d ordain are no t held in c o m m o n with priests ' , yet the Council does no t exclude an extraordinary minister of Orders, any more than an extra ordinary minister of Confirmation. T h e posit ion of exempt religious in a diocese is dealt with cautiously. W e a re told tha t ' the religious find the source of their sanctity in their direct dependence on the Pope. The priests incardinated in a diocese have t o be sanctified with the help of their father and pontiff, the diocesan bishop. ' But this does no t really solve the question which arises over religious who are engaged fully in parochial activities, a situation en visaged definitely by the Code , and whose dependence in this respect o n the bishop is obvious. O n the whole question of exemption, the au thor feels b o u n d to adopt a restrained approach. H e says: ' the question is always liable to be reopened. The present author , being a member of the commission of religious in preparat ion for the Second Vatican Council , is specially bound t o discretion. ' Some indication, however, of the t rend of present opinion may be deduced from the extract here printed from the Osservatore Romano of 12th Apri l 1961, report ing on a session of the Commission presided over by the Pope. W e read tha t 'H i s Holiness urged the need for greater co-ordinat ion of all the magnificent energies of the religious in the works of the apostolate under the wise guidance of the bishops . . . and tha t part icular stress be laid o n obedience, which is the guarantee of success a n d ensures the avoidance of those singularities in the works of the ministry which might have pernicious results ' . Amongst other useful interesting information, it is well to be reminded tha t recourse to the H o l y See in marr iage cases is only necessary when the decision of the first diocesan cour t in favour of nullity is no t confirmed by the second court . DOM WTLFRTO PASSMORE


Successful efforts to prevent health-care acquired infections occur daily in U.S. hospitals. However, few of these "success stories" are presented in the medical literature or discussed at professional meetings. Key components of successful prevention efforts include multidisciplinary teams, appropriate educational interventions, and data dissemination to clinical staff.


the paper addresses the issue of competitiveness in written academic discourse. Being its essential component, competitiveness signals rivalry of scientifi c theories and research methods. The present study is based on the research papers in linguistics written by Russian scholars. The aim of the study is to describe rhetoric strategies and tactics of competitiveness, which involve critical evaluation of the alternative points of views.


This paper reports the method of MIA group from Sun Yat-Sen University for ISIC 2018 Challenge Task 3: Disease Classification. Our approach aims to combine deep neural network ensemble with several state-of-the-art techniques to get better performance in this task. Our method finally received a validation score of 92.3% online.


The simple method of the calculation of the diffusion coefficient of an adsorbed phase (De ), based on the analytical solution of Fick's law of diffusion, for adsorption process is presented. Two shapes of the sorbent granules, i.e., spherical and cylindrical ones, are considered, and the adsorption process is assumed to take place in the Henry's region of the isotherm. Adopting the method proposed by Korta on the solution of Fick's law of diffusion, mathematically simple equations are developed to correlate the constant K of the analytical solution with the value of the relative adsorption as well as with the values of the geometrical parameters of the adsorbent granules. Using these simple equations, one can calculate the values of De and avoid, at the same time, mathematically advanced and time-consuming minimization procedure. Moreover, the procedure is likely to become complicated because of difficult mathematical functions and operations occurring in the equations that describe the process, for example, Bessel function or the summation from unity to infinity. The presented simplified procedure is adopted for the results of paracetamol adsorption from water solution on two carbons with different shapes of granules, and it is shown that the obtained values of diffusion coefficients are practically the same as those calculated by means of the exact numerical procedure from the analytical solution.


The control method of full bridge voltage-source inverter based on sliding mode control is the presented, which solves the problem of measuring current reference of sliding mode controller, and output voltage exhibits good dynamic property and robustness under load perturbation. The full bridge voltage-source inverter based on sliding mode control in application of BDFM' cascade speed is simulated by MATALB. The simulation results show that the output voltage of sliding mode control inverter can track the reference sinusoidal signal fast.


AFCEN is the publisher of the French Nuclear code RCC-M® (Design and Construction Rules for Mechanical Components of PWR Nuclear Islands) [1]. It has launched an action for the revision of the Annex Z V and F 7000, respectively concerning the design and the installation of the bolted flange connections. It should be published as probationary phase rules (Section VI of RCC-M®), in the next version of the code, in 2022. The proposed modifications for F 7000 have already been described in [2], and this paper focuses on the proposed modification for the calculation method detailed in the Annex Z V.
 First, the general philosophy and structure of the Annex, including both Taylor-Forge based (Z V 2000) and NF EN 1591-1 [3] based (Z V 3000) calculation methods, is introduced. Then the major proposed improvements introduced in Z V 2000 (Taylor-Forge based), compared to current edition, are detailed. This includes the management of the metal-to-metal contact (MMC) in the connection (between flanges or between flanges and the gasket limiter ring) that can be required in both assembly and operation. Moreover, the use of specific gasket types involved in these connections (Expanded Graphite Ring or Metal Energized C-Ring...) is covered in this paper. Finally, a focus is also performed on other introductions, like the management of standard connections (including standard flanges, gasket, and bolts), the account for the tightening scatter, the effective gasket width determination in regard with the flange rigidity, and the internal force variation in the connections due to thermal expansion.


In recent years titanium dioxide nanotubes have aroused much attention for their applications in areas such as photocatalyst,solar cell,environmental purification and sensors.The elemental composition and the exact formation mechanism of titanium dioxide nanotubes prepared by hydrothermal method are still a controversial topic.In this paper,the elemental composition and growth mechanism of titanium dioxide nanotubes have been reviewed.It is very interesting and significant to prepare controllable titanium dioxide nanotubes by hydrothermal method.


In this article, I argue that while Congress possesses broad plenary authority to pass legislation concerning immigration, recent U.S. Supreme Court precedent — most notably the Court's 2013 decision in United States v. Windsor — signals a rare moment when the judiciary may be receptive to a constitutional challenge to the Immigration and Nationality Act's federal conviction definition.


Wireless body area network (WBAN) is a new technology trend that uses wearable sensors linked to the Internet-of-Things (IoT) network to provide remote tracking and data collection for patient healthcare records. IoT technologies have the potential to change our everyday lives, but they also pose significant security concerns. However, in untrusted wireless environments, the majority of WBAN–IoT data is shared between computationally restricted devices. As a result, protecting sensitive data in WBAN–IoT becomes a crucial challenge. The algorithm had to be lightweight due to the limited computing resources in WBAN sensors or IoT devices. However, significant issues in cloud-based IoT systems must be resolved to recognize the authority of communicators during contact sessions over vulnerable networks like the Internet. To eliminate unauthorized access in IoT applications, a safe authentication, confidentiality, and integrity protocol are highly desirable. Under the hard problem assumptions, our protocol is provably reliable and meets all security criteria, including session key security. In addition, our proposed lightweight secure session key protection, mutual authentication, and access control IoT (LSSMAC-IoT) is considerably greater than the fastest ones shown by the performance evaluation, based on an already existing safe, mutual authentication (MA) process based on heavy homomorphic encryptions and zero-knowledge proof.


Twelve groups of 10 g turbot were fed ad libitum for 42 days. Each group was given a diet containing 37.5, 48.3, 59.2 or 69.8% protein, and 10, 15 or 20% lipid. Food consumption was similar for all diets. Specific growth rate (SGR) increased and feed conversion (FC) decreased with increasing dietary protein content. The best SGR (2.5%) and the best FC (0.57) were obtained with the 69.8% protein-10% lipid diet. Lipid had a negative effect on growth and food conversion except for low protein diets. Carcass protein and lipid content were not influenced by diet composition. Liver lipid content was nearly constant and showed no trend in relation to the diet composition for 15 and 20% dietary lipid. The fish fed the 10% lipid diet showed higher liver lipid content. Liver glycogen increased with decreasing dietary protein content. High dietary protein levels enhanced daily tissue protein deposition. With the exception of the 37.5% protein-20% lipid diet, which showed the best protein efficiency ratio (PER=3.1%) and the best protein utilization coefficient (PUC=50%), all the other diets gave similar PER and PUC values, from 2.2 to 2.6% and from 36 to 43%, respectively.


The aim of this paper is to present the importance of technology in the evolution of warfare. Moreover, this material analyses the issue posed by the use of the atomic bomb and it offers a pragmatic perspective on the future of war, by underlining essential related phenomena.


Abstract In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was declared in Wuhan, city of China. Later on, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The clinical course of the disease ranges from asymptomatic cases to fatal severe respiratory illness. Various laboratory tests are available for the diagnosis of disease. The gold standard test is real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction), whereas antigen testing can be used as a point-of-care test. Antibody detection by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) can be used for the surveillance of the immune response.


Dermoid and epidermoid cysts are ectoderm lined cysts with 7% occurring in the head and neck region 3,4 , most often in
the submental region. A case of a 24 year old patient with submental swelling , diagnosed as a thyroglossal duct cyst on
clinical examination , radiologically and cytology appearing like a dermoid cyst. Excision biopsy was done , showing it to be an epidermoid cyst.
Differential diagnosis of these midline swellings is necessary , as there are signicant variations on clinical , cytological and radiological
assessment , biopsy being the nal and conrmatory method of assessment.Therefore, it is considered superior for a conrmatory diagnosis of
midline neck swellings.


A taxonomic review of brachyuran crabs occurring in the state of West Bengal is furnished for the first time. A check-list of 150 species under 84 genera and 29 families is presented and the distribution of these species has been dealt with in this paper. In addition, a list of earlier recorded species considered to be 'threatened' in the state of West Bengal is also provided with pertinent discussion on these species.


The way of study of corrosion processes on the surface of the metal electrode based on the results of observations of voltage fluctuations on it is proposed. The signal processing device for voltage measured on the surface of the metal electrode is developed. The device comprises a differential amplifier, bandpass filter and amplifier with controllable gain. The method of testing of the developed device is described. The research of the electrical noise voltage of the steel electrode immersed in an electrolyte solution is performed. The occurrence of the spectral component at the frequency of 10–12Hz during a series of experiments was observed. The searchfor sustainable criteria for evaluating the presence of corrosion processes in the studied surface area revealed that the most informative parameter in the study of voltage fluctuations associated with corrosion processes on the surface of the metal electrode is the shape of probability distribution of instantaneous values of voltage and evaluation of information entropy. The shape of the probability distribution can be a source of additional information on the progress of electrochemical reactions on the surface because dry electrode signal distribution law was similar in shape to normal. Changing the shape of this distribution with the introduction of additional local maximum shows the influence of extraneous input sources, which can be an electrochemical reaction. Information entropy estimation of instantaneous signal values at lower settlement expenses made it possible to distinguish between the results of different experiments. The changing information entropy of instantaneous values , means the changed properties of the sources of electrical signals on the surface of the investigated electrode. The research enables to carry out external monitoring of corrosion processes on the inner surface of metal pipes.


Using available vectors, a single immunoglobulin chain or both heavy (H) and light (L) chains can be simultaneously transferred to recipient myeloma cells. Several methods can be used to prepare stable transfected lymphoid cells. The in this unit describes protoplast fusion, which is suitable for certain lymphoid cells but tends to be more cumbersome than electroporation or liposome‐mediated transfection, which are described in the two alternate protocols. All three techniques may be adapted for stable transfection of other eukaryotic cell lines.


Personal names are important elements of Maya hieroglyphic inscriptions of the Classic period (AD 250-900), and their analyses provide information about the social and political configuration of this time. The collective name known as "Emblem Glyph", which served as a regal title, is of particular interest here. In this occasion, we discuss the social implications of the use of the appellative k'uhul kanu'l ajaw , the most frequent Emblem Glyph in the Maya area, during the Late Classic period. We determine the pattern of intergenerational transmission of this and other names related to the Kanu'l social unit, in order to problematize the parentage paradigms and the models of social organization that have been proposed for this period.


The copolymerization of styrene (St) with maleic anhydride (MAh) under gamma radiation at room temperature in the presence of benzyl dithiobenzoate (BDTB) was found to display "living" nature evidenced by constant concentration of chain radicals during the copolymerization, linear evolution of molecular weights with conversion and narrow molecular weight distribution (M w /M n = 1.23-1.35). The compositional analysis and the sequence structural information of the copolymers obtained from DEPT (Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer) experiments demonstrate that the copolymers obtained also possess strictly alternating structure.


Formal refinement-based approaches have proved their worth in verifying system correctness. Often, besides ensuring functional correctness, we also need to quantitatively demonstrate that the desired level of dependability is achieved. However, the existing refinement-based frameworks do not provide sufficient support for quantitative reasoning. In this chapter, we show how to use probabilistic model checking to verify probabilistic refinement of Event-B models. Such integration allows us to combine logical reasoning about functional correctness with probabilistic reasoning about reliability.


worth living, yet again points to the complexity of the issues. A free-range dairy cow could be cold and malnourished in a field, and relatively unproductive, whereas a cow in a barn might well have all her needs met, as well as being milked intensively in order to help sustain human life. Although meat and dairy consumption certainly need to fall if they are to be sustainable in the context of a growing global population, criticisms of 'factory' farming are unhelpful if a viable alternative is not clearly defined. Moreover, the distinction between 'factory' animal farming and free range, and between intensive arable farming and local community gardening, is not clear cut. In order to advance understanding, detailed definitions will be needed rather than simple polarities.


This article expounds the theory of the fission geyser temperature control board whose core is 89C52 MCU from the hardware structure and software design.It presents related electric circuit principle diagrams and procedure frame diagrams.Meanwhile it has many advantages,such as the temperature measure,the temperature enactment,the real-time water temperature display,the warning reports for the water shortage and the timing shutdown.And the function for breakdown reports is convenient for customers and increases the safety of the fission geyser.


There are many feature descriptors that are insensitive to geometric transformations such as rotation and scale variation. However, most of them cannot effectively deal with blurred image which is a key problem in many real applications. In this paper, we propose a new feature descriptor that combines SIFT descriptor with combined blur, scale and rotation invariant Legendre moment (CBRSL). The proposed method inherits the advantage of SIFT and CBRSL which leads to invariance for scale, rotation and blur degradation simultaneously. We also show how this new descriptor is able to better represent the blur and geometric invariant feature descriptor in image registration. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method which is superior to SIFT methods.


Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasonic elastography and fine flow imaging in differential diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes.Methods Totally 87 lymph nodes were examined with ultrasonic elastography,fine flow and conventional ultrasonography.The results were confirmed with postoperative pathology or fine-needle biopsy as well as follow-up.Using consistency check of Kappa and ROC curve to analyse the accuracy of three types of ultrasonic examination.Results Taking the results of postoperative pathology or fine-needle biopsy as well as follow-up as golden standards,the Kappa value of conventional ultrasonography was poor (Kappa =0.153,P =0.078),fine flow was moderate (Kappa =0.526,P <0.01) and ultrasonic elastography was better (Kappa =0.741,P <0.01).The area under ROC of ultrasonic elastography,fine flow and conventional ultrasonography was 0.899 (P <0.01),0.787 (P <0.01) and 0.568 (P =0.241),respectively.Conclusions Ultrasonic elastography is more valuable to differentiate malignant from benign lymph nodes.

Key words:
Ultrasonograpyh;  Elasticity imaging techniques ;  Lymph nodes


Traumatic diaphragmatic injuries are rare complications resulting from a thoracic-abdominal blunt or penetrating trauma. Diaphragmatic injury is a rare entity and clinically difficult to be diagnosed as symptoms are often masked due to associated injury in poly trauma case. There are no specific signs and symptoms for diagnosing diaphragmatic rupture. High degree of clinical suspicion is needed in all cases of thoroco-abdominal injury to diagnose a case of diaphragmatic rupture.  Left sided diaphragmatic injuries are more commonly reported in literature.


Given a set of operators and a spatio-temporal network, the goal of the Storing Spatio-Temporal Networks (SSTN) problem is to produce an efficient data storage method that minimizes disk I/O access costs. Storing and accessing spatio-temporal networks is increasingly important in many societal applications such as transportation management and emergency planning. This problem is challenging due to strains on traditional adjacency list representations when storing temporal attribute values from the sizable increase in length of the time-series. Current approaches for the SSTN problem focus on orthogonal partitioning (e.g., snapshot, longitudinal, etc.), which may produce excessive I/O costs when performing traversal-based spatio-temporal network queries (e.g., route evaluation, arrival time prediction, etc) due to the desired nodes not being allocated to a common page. We propose a Lagrangian-Connectivity Partitioning (LCP) technique to efficiently store and access spatio-temporal networks that utilizes the interaction between nodes and edges in a network. Experimental evaluation using the Minneapolis, MN road network showed that LCP outperforms traditional orthogonal approaches.


Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, has been recently described as a soluble rejuvenation factor for the heart, muscle, and brain. In fact, GDF11 declines in aged mice, while its replenishment improves vascular, brain, muscle, and cardiac function (1–3). As type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases with age and is characterized by accelerated aging (4), we cross-sectionally explored the effects of age, diabetes, and vascular disease on plasma GDF11 concentrations. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Plasma GDF11 concentrations were measured by ELISA (MBS2502734, MyBioSource) in a previously described cohort of T2D patients and age- and sex-matched control subjects without diabetes (5). As the distribution of GDF11 concentrations was skewed, it was log-transformed before statistical analyses. On average, plasma GDF11 concentrations were higher in T2D patients than …


The new title solid solution is synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of PbO, Bi2O3, and V2O5 (650 °C, 2 d).


Objective: The study assessed the efficacy of typical and atypical antipsychotics as combination therapy with mood stabilizers in the treatment of acute mania in a tertiary care hospital in Salem District of Tamil Nadu. Method: A retrospective observational study was carried out among 52 acute mania patients who received combination therapy with either atypical antipsychotics or typical antipsychotics with mood stabilizers. The primary efficacy measures were severity and improvement score with Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) and Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Results: The study was conducted in 52 acute mania patients, in which 31 patients treated with atypical antipsychotics + mood stabilizers and 21 patients treated with typical antipsychotics + mood stabilizers. On analyzing the patients with the CGI-S scale, patients treated with atypical antipsychotics and mood stabilizers showed a significant reduction in the severity. Further, when analyzing with CGI-I Scale and EPS, it showed significant improvement in the clinical condition and less EPS in the patients treated with atypical antipsychotics with mood stabilizers. Conclusion: Atypical antipsychotics can be considered as the first choice for combination therapy with a mood stabilizer for the treatment of acute mania compared to typical antipsychotics due to their better efficacy, less extrapyramidal side-effects and shortens the duration of hospital stay.


A process for producing a styrene resin with a content of less than 1,000 ppm of low molecular weight styrene-components with molecular weights of 140 to 400. comprises a continuous anionic polymerization process, in which a raw material system having the composition shown below (A), in a continuous manner - either collectively or dividedly - is added to one end of a reactor tank R1, which has a back mixing flow, and the product system is released in a continuous manner at the other end of the reactor tank R1, the internal temperature of the reactor tank R1 in a range of 40 ° C is controlled to 120 ° C, the average ratio of the styrene monomers to the total amount of styrene monomer, hydrocarbon solvent and styrene polymers present in the reactor tank R1, is controlled to less than 10 wt .-%, and degassed, the resulting styrenic polymer solution and we dried d: (A) styrene monomer 1.0 kg Hydrocarbon solvent 0.1 to 3 kg Organolithium compound 0.5 to 200 mmol, wherein the weight average molecular weight of polymers in solution at various points in the reactor tank R1 distributed in a range ...


Generally, WiFi is used to provide connectivity to mobile device users at public places like airports, railway stations, etc. Mobile devices can utilize WiFi as underlying substrate to run structured Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay applications for content sharing. The density of mobile users at these places is unpredictable, and often many users may not get WiFi facility. This is due to the fact that at any instance, WiFi access points can provide services to a limited number of users. Another alternative is to form a Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) of these mobile devices for running structured P2P overlay applications. However, due to non-uniform distribution of users different disjoint clusters of MANET may be formed. This results in formation of different disjoint Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) at the application level, leading to inefficient lookup performance. In this paper, we suggest two possible approaches for connecting these disjoint DHTs. In the first approach, existing WiFi infrastructure can be utilized to act as a bridge between the disjoint partitions; whereas in the second approach, strategically deployed fixed relay nodes can be used for merging the partitions. The first approach is more challenging, as it requires dynamic switching between the two modes (infrastructure/ad hoc) of wireless network interface cards of mobile devices. The second approach is naive, but may act as good proof of concept to justify connecting disjoint DHTs.


This paper proposes a novel scheme of state compensated iterative learning control (ILC) for trajectory tracking of piezoelectric systems. The new ILC scheme adds a state compensation term to the conventional Arimoto-type ILC formula. The state compensation term is based on the difference of tracking error between the current and previous iterations. With the aid of this state compensation, iterative learning control can therefore take effect more precisely as desired. Further, the addition of the current error in the compensation term can also serve the role of feedback control to stabilize the system. The new ILC scheme keeps the simplicity feature of conventional iterative learning control that no model is required for control purpose. Experimental results demonstrate that a piezoelectric actuator using the proposed learning scheme can achieve error convergence in about three to five iterations, and keep steady-state tracking errors reaching the system noise level.


The relationship between folate status and the risk of cervical dysplasia was studied among Thai women. The subjects were composed of 44 women with low-grade cervical neoplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasm I), 70 women with high-grade cervical neoplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasm II, III, and carcinoma in situ), and 95 women who served as controls. The low folate status in these women showed a strong association with cervical dysplasia. Serum folate was markedly lower in both low-grade (P b .01) and high-grade cervical neoplasia cases (P b .01) compared with the control women. Using logistic regression, the odds ratio for low-grade cervical neoplasia with low serum folate level (b19.82 nmol/L) was 6.13, whereas that of the high-grade group with the same folate level was 5.57. The findings support the contention that folate deficiency of women in this study had an increased risk of cervical change.


Statement of problem. Factors associated with implant periodontal disease of zirconia restorations such as surface roughness remain largely unknown. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate how sandblasting abrasion before sintering affects roughness and bacterial adhesion on the surface of zirconia. Material and methods. Thirty presintered zirconia specimens were divided into 6 groups of 5 after being polished with silicon carbide paper (1200 grit). A different surface treatment was applied to each group (no treatment [group Ct] and {A 30 μm, B 50 μm ,C 120 μm, D 175 μm and E 250 μm alumina particle size abrasion for 5 seconds]), and the specimens were then densely sintered. The mean centric linear roughness (Ra) was measured, and the 3D measurement of surface roughness (3D roughness) was determined. The number of colony forming units (CFUs) of Streptococcus mutans adhering to the surface was also examined. One-way ANOVA was used for data analysis (a=.05). Results. Airborne-particle abrasion before sintering significantly increased surface roughness. Groups A, C, and E showed statistically significant higher CFU/mL than did group B (P<.05). No difference was found in CFU/mL between group Ct and B (P=.230). Conclusions. Airborne-particle abrasion before sintering is a useful method of increasing the surface roughness of zirconia. Ra < 0.58 mm is necessary to inhibit the adherence of S. mutans to zirconia. (1828) Raafat Tammam E.D.J. Vol. 63, No. 2 bacterial plaque,6-9 resulting in plaque-induced inflammation. Implant and restorative materials have different surface characteristics. A zirconia abutment provides a better esthetic result than titanium since its bright white color has a better appearance under the tissue than metal. It has been reported that titanium roughness lower than 0.4 mm can effectively prevent plaque accumulation.10 Some studies have also shown that zirconia exhibits lower bacterial adherence at the same roughness level11,12 and that a slight increase in zirconia surface roughness may promote fibroblast cell attachment without affecting bacterial adherence. The most widely used surface modification technique for removing the surface of fully sintered zirconia is chemical etching or mechanical techniques such as grinding, airborne-particle abrasion, and laser ablation. However, these methods easily lead to the phase transformation of zirconia,13 which may reduce its functional Strength,14-16 and other high roughness coatings present adhesion problems and discontinuities.17 Airborne-particle abrasion before sintering, removes zirconia particles without phase transformation effects18 and has been shown to be more effective in increasing roughness than abrading fully sintered zirconia19,20; the mechanical properties of abraded zirconia are thus improved. Indeed, airborne particle abrasion before sintering is effective for increasing the surface roughness of zirconia. The degree of roughness depends on the balance between bacterial and fibroblast adhesion to the material surface.21 The purpose of this study was to investigate how airborne-particle abrasion before sintering affects the roughness of zirconia and to explore possible relationships between zirconia surface roughness and bacterial adhesion MATERIALS AND METHODS


It discloses a structure and method for forming an interconnect. The interconnect structure includes a conductive layer formed on the dielectric layer. The adhesive layer is formed between the dielectric layer and the substrate. The carbon content of the adhesive layer is greater than the carbon content ratio of the dielectric layer.


Effect of different concentrations of cobalt and chromium ions on physiological and biochemical characters of alfalfa were studied through a pot experiment. There was a gradual decrease in alfalfa growth with the progressive increasing in concentration of Co and Cr. This could be attributed to their negative effects on leaf content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic activity, and the generation of oxidative stress. Increasing Co and Cr concentration suppressed the activity of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase, polypheol oxidase, peroxidase and ascorbic acid oxidase), and decreased the cellular content of some metabolites including carbohydrates, protein and RNA. Increasing the concentration of the two metal ions led to increasing lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. Higher concentration of Co and Cr also affected the nutrient uptake. However, pretreatment of the heavy metals solutions with precipitation and EDTA decreased their retarding effect on growth and the metabolic activities. The effect of precipitation was more pronounced, since it removed the heavy metals from the irrigation water. We recommend the application of these treatments to overcome the harmful effect of heavy metals on plants, animals, and then the human health.


The article deals with different views of scientists-criminologists on concepts such as "resocialization", "sociali-zation", "social adaptation". The lack of single approach to the use of the key concepts leads to legislative short-comings and difficulties in practical employment. Resocialization of the released on probation is part of the big-ger common problem of resocialization of the convicted. So appropriate general measures can be applied, but there are some specific points that need detailed review and development of practical recommendations. Under the resocialization of persons released on parole we understand the process of influencing on the convicted, who proved their correction during imprisonment period for the purpose of eliminating the negative consequences of their isolation and entering positive social connections, consisting of preparation for parole in correction institu-tion and social adaptation after it.


Hadamard matrices are often used for some applications, such as error-correcting codes and spread sequences. This article gives the construction of complex Hadamard matrices of order p/sup n/, where p is prime and n is even. The complex Hadamard matrices include bi-phase Hadamard matrices whose elements take {-1, +1}, and four-phase Hadamard matrices whose elements take {/spl plusmn/1, /spl plusmn/j} with j=/spl radic/(-1).


What may be called the orthodox view of the chronology of the revolt of Gaius Pescennius Niger during the early years of Septimius-Severus' principate is roughly as follows :— Some time in the late spring of A.D. 193 both Septimius and Niger, then governors of Pannonia and Syria respectively, assumed the imperial title. The war occasioned by these rival claims opened in the neighbourhood of Byzantium somewhere in the autumn of the same year and consisted in a series of engagements of which the most noteworthy took place at Cyzicus, Nicaea, the Cilician Gates and Issus, ending with the total defeat of Niger on the last-named field. This defeat occurred in the autumn of 194 and was followed by the pursuit and death of the unsuccessful claimant on the banks of the Euphrates in the early winter of that year.


Based on comparative qualitative research in five local authority areas, this article argues that local context is key to understanding the roots of the U.K.'s crisis of political trust and the result of the 2016 E.U. referendum. The competing cultural and economic causes of discontent suggested by the literature were found to be deeply intertwined when analyzed from a local perspective. The sense of political disempowerment and negative attitudes toward migration were ingrained in and reinforced by locally specific socio-economic and political trajectories. These experiences were articulated and amplified by dominant discourses, which channeled frustration against the political elite and the E.U. These populist narratives, promoted by the Leave campaign and the tabloid press, became dominant in certain areas, decisively shaping citizens' voting behavior. Overall, the article highlights the value of studying how local experiences and interpretations mediate the interplay of cultural and economic causes of discontent and political distrust


Waste collection and transportation, is the most costly stage in a waste management program. In this paper, commonly used solutions to improve waste collection systems have been discussed and an IoT based methodology has been proposed as a new solution. The methodology proposes use of Infrared sensors to gather real time data from the waste bins and that of Raspberry Pi2Development Board to communicate this information to the waste managers. The waste managers can effectively use this information to optimize the scheduling and routing of collection process.


Objective: To search for commonalities among members and to get to know more about each other Materials: A copy of the list that follows this game description Description: Break the large group into smaller groups of about six to twelve people each. Have each group stand or sit together in a place that is separate from the other groups but of equal distance from you – the leader who stands in the middle of the room. Read one item from the list at a time. The team who sends up a person or group of people to you first that fits the description you have just given earns a point. For example, you might say "two people who have the same middle name" and within each group the members must talk, find out if any two have the same middle name, and then quickly send those people up to you. The first group of people with the same middle name to reach you earns a point for their team. You may give a bonus point for different items if it applies – for instance, if a group has three people with the same middle name they may earn a point for this round even if they were not the first group to get to you. The group with the most points at the end of the game wins.


The invention includes a secure access of mobile terminals to a wireless local area network (WLAN), a method for a safe data communication via a wireless link, which is the common key encryption technology and the symmetry encryption technology the combination bets, WLAN resolves not to provide an effective control over the secure MT access, and overcomes the limitation on the confidentiality of data communication via a radio link. If the MT is to log on to the AP, both these must perform the certificate authentication through the AS. Only MT holding a valid certificate, access to the AP to hold a valid certificate. MT and the AP performs a common key negotiation for the conversation, each authentication, to complete the dynamic revision of the secret key in the processing of each secret key and conversation, to achieve the confidential data communication. In any case, the method not only achieved control on the access of MT, and to ensure security and high communication confidential MT access.


The ability of Cineratia cruerta for accumulating Cu2+of heavy metal in mud through static experiments was studied . The results showed that Cineraria cruerta had significational accumulating and purifying functions. The accumulating ability of distinct place of Cineraria cruerta was different, in the sequence of rootstemleave. The maximum accumulating efficiency of root, stem and leave was 76.2%, 64.7%, 60%respectively. In addition, it was approached that function mechanism through the change of content of MDA and catalase,as well as plasma elective permeability?


Ecumenism is a paramount trend in the contemporary church due to the geometrical level of division in Christendom which is contrary to Christ's plan for the church. Scholars over the years have struggled over the attempt at solving the problem of division. Another school of thought see it as a futile exercise as it may not be addressing the real issue of the schism. The question one may ask is, Why? Does it mean that ecumenism has not really addressed the mission that caused the division in the first place? And what can we do to really bring about unity if we really want it? Can the recent thrust for unity of the Christian churches in Nigeria be based on conformists' or nonconformists' views on ecumenism? In this work, attempt will be made to do a critical historical, biblical-theological, as well as a missiological evaluation of the schisms and ecumenism in the history of the church. Attempt will also be made to suggest possible solutions to actualizing the desired unity within the church of Christ. Therefore, this paper concludes, among others, that there is need for Interdenominational conferences of the conformists and the non-conformists to share their beliefs frequently based on Bible alone until all denominations agree. Manuscript received Dec. 23, 2016; revised Feb. 15, 2017; accepted Feb. 20, 2017. Emmanuel Orihentare Eregare (email@example.com) is with History & International Studies Department, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria. He is a Nigerian by nationality. Ikechi Chidi Ekpendu (firstname.lastname@example.com) is with Religious Studies Department, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria. He is a Nigerian by nationality. Adefemi Samuel Adesina (email@example.com) is with Religious Studies Department, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria. He is a Nigerian by nationality. http://dx.doi.org/10.21806/aamm.2017.15.04 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry Vol. 15, pp. 51–69, Feb. 2017


This letter presents a clear explanation of the electron emission mechanism of the high-resistivity N-doped diamond cathode. Due to the very low barrier to emission of electrons from the N-doped diamond conduction band into vacuum, electrons in the conduction band of diamond can establish an appreciable leakage current at very low anode voltage. When such a current starts to flow, there is a field which is developed across the diamond bulk. This field is observed as an increase in the electric field at the back contact, causing the injected tunneling current increases exponentially. This process leads to the low threshold emission from the high resistivity N-doped diamond cathode.


This paper determines explicitly the iterates for Bernstein polynomials defined on a simplex by using asymptotical formula of Bernstein polynomials and mathematical induction.


The chapter addresses the neglect of psychological coping and adaptation and the psychological impacts of the threat of climate change in the context of climate change science approaches to adaptation and mitigation. Current theoretical approaches and research engagements utilizing stress and coping models, environmental stress formulations, and disaster preparedness and response frameworks are examined to assess their relevance to the issue and global threat status of climate change. Perspectives examined include recent work on future oriented thinking and proactive coping, as well as applications of psychological models such as protection motivation in the climate change science literature. Challenges for a stress and coping approach to the phenomenon and threat of climate change are not only the encompassing global and very complex nature of climate change, its geographic and temporal distance and horizons, and the profound implications of climate change for life support systems and human communities, but also inherent limitations with respect to effective problem-focused coping at individual or community levels in the face of such an ongoing global threat and changing climate systems. A further and related challenge for coping approaches addressing the threat of climate change is that we are dealing with largely indirect and virtual exposure and experience to ubiquitous media and popular culture representations and coverage of a global threat and emergency, and a polarized and highly charged information environment and risk domain, suffused with uncertainty and aggregated symbolic meanings. As well the nature and status of climate change is arguably that of an ongoing, background, environmental stressor of profound consequence, an environmental threat and condition not typically addressed by conventional coping frameworks. The considerations and conclusions offered are informed by a current cross-national research initiative examining public risk perceptions, understandings and responses to the intertwined threats of climate change and natural disasters in Australia and Britain, with cross-reference to North American research. These findings are particularly revealing with respect to the intersections and relative importance of direct and indirect exposure and experience, the nature of psychological coping and adaptation processes, already current and extensive psychological impacts, and implications for policies and interventions. "Analyses of psychological phenomena are essential to understanding the ways in which individuals perceive, experience, and respond to global threats in the context of their local communities and behavior settings. Psychological processes such as environmental cognition, information processing, stress, and coping play key roles in determining how global conditions impinge on individuals' psyche and behavior in the context of their daily lives." (Stokols et al., 2009).


A dual band wearable antenna operating on 2.6 GHz (2570-2620 MHz FDD/TDD) and 5.2 GHz (802.11a) bands for Body Area Network (BAN) application is presented. The stack substrates of Felt and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foam are used to make the structure flexible. Maximum gain of 2.75 and front to back ratio of 8.35 is achieved on industrial scientific and medical (ISM) band. Additional bandwidth enhancement has been achieved by creating slots on partial ground plane. The calculated specific absorption rate (SAR) value is 1.33 W/kg for 1 g of body tissue. Simulated and measured results are presented for the proposed structure.


Thus, submicron electron-beam diagnostics calls for construction of physical and mathematical models of signal generation, on the one hand, and development of efficient signal processing techniques, on the other hand. Mathematical simulation is one of the most essential means of solving these problems. The paper reports the results of application of the mathematical simulation method to solving the two problems of scanning electron microscopy. The possibility of its employment in submicron diagnostics is considered.


Rating: Teen And Up Audiences Archive Warning: No Archive Warnings Apply Category: F/M, Gen Fandom: Harry Potter J. K. Rowling Relationship: Sirius Black/Harry Potter, James Potter/Lily Evans Potter Character: Harry Potter, Sirius Black, James Potter, Remus Lupin, Peter Pettigrew, Lily Evans Potter, Alice Longbottom, Severus Snape, Minerva McGonagall, Regulus Black, Mrs. Potter, Mr. Potter, Frank Longbottom Additional Tags: Alternate Universe Time Travel, kind of, James and Harry are twins, Alternate Universe Gender Changes, Female Harry Potter, Harry is a Marauder, Sirius Needs a Hug, Panic Attacks, Powerful Harry, BAMF Harry, Not Canon Compliant, Child Abuse, Alternate Universe Everyone Lives/Nobody Dies, Emotional Constipation, No Horcruxes, Hogwarts Fifth Year, Smart Harry, Fluff, Friends to Lovers, Fluff and Angst, Teen Pregnancy, Childbirth, Non-Explicit Sex Stats: Published: 2015-07-19 Updated: 2017-03-29 Chapters: 3/? Words: 44736


The aim of this presentation is to give an insight and understanding in to the process associated with signalling power supply and distribution design associated with the integrated trackside power supplies (ITPS) on West Coast. Topic areas to be covered are: client compliance requirement, identifying a distribution strategy, key stages of the project cycle, signalling load calculation, distribution arrangements, PSP layout and project interfaces.


The model of spike neuron, structure of spike neural networks are considered and their classification was made. The training procedures used to spike neural networks are described.


The reaction pathway and the nascent CaH product distribution in the reaction Ca(4s3dD1)+H2→CaH(XΣ+2)+H are obtained using a pump-probe technique. The Ca atom is first prepared in the 3D1 state by a two-photon absorption, and then in brief time delay the laser-induced fluorescence of the reaction product CaH is monitored. The CaH(v=0,1) distributions appear to be single peaked, as characterized by Boltzmann rotational temperature of 807±38K(v=0) and 684±77K(v=1). The vibrational population ratio of CaH(v=0)/CaH(v=1) is determined to be 3.3±0.1, while the v=2 population is not detectable. The fractions of the available energy partitioning into rotation, vibration, and translation are estimated to be 0.36±0.05, 0.28±0.04, and 0.36±0.05, respectively. With the aid of the potential energy surfaces calculations, the current reaction should favor a near C2v collision configuration. The temperature dependence measurement yields a positive slope, indicative of the reaction occurrence without any potential barrier...


This study focuses on the risk perception ways in construction projects. 52 professional contractors are invited to assess these risk factors with perceived risk, probability of occurrence and potential impact, respectively. The expected utility and the variance of risk factors are calculated as the additional two measures of the risk. Results show that the risk rank order obtained by the perceived risk measurement is significantly different than that obtained by the expected utility-based measurement. Results show that contractors' perceived risk could be taken as a combination of the potential impact and the uncertainty of risk factors. Following the finding, the practical implications for developing effective strategies of risk management are discussed.


The terms learning platform, VLE and MLE are frequently heard in the world of education, but what do they actually mean and how can they benefit secondary schools? Brian Durrant offers some advice


Co‐administration of a steroid with an HIV treatment‐boosting agent such as ritonavir or cobicistat increases the risk of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome and subsequent secondary adrenal suppression. This article discusses the strategies to help prevent this and describes how to identify and manage such interactions.


An aggressive scaling in size and the increasing number of the transistor count are the important challenge of the design of Integrated Circuit (IC). In the same manner interconnection lines and resistive opens also became a major problem in present nanometer technology. The resistive open faults [ROFs] represent degradation [1] in connectivity's within a circuit's interconnections because of unavoidable manufacturing failures present in both current and future developing technologies. The resistive open fault [ROF] is an imperfect circuit connection that can be modelled as a defect resistors between two nodes of the circuit. The Resistive open faults [2] not causes the functionality of the circuit instantly. But, it causes the delay faults. In this research proposal, the impact of resistive open faults measured in 6-Transistors (6T) Static RAM memory cell design. The proposed 6T Static RAM memory cell implemented in 45nm technology by using Cadence Virtuoso library. The main goal of this proposed research work is to analise the effect of resistive open faults and how it reduce delay and power of 6T Static RAM cell. The resultant outputs of proposed 6T SRAM cell operation with and without ROFs will be compared.


CONTENTS I. Introduction. Methods of Nonlinear Optics in Light-Scattering Spectroscopy. Classification of the Methods of Active Spectroscopy 899 II. Active Raman Spectroscopy (ARS) 904 III. Active Spectroscopy of Rayleigh Scattering and Other Types of Scattering 925 IV. Conclusion. The Current State of Four-Photon Nonlinear Spectroscopy 932 Bibliography 933


The paper discusses the structural design and analysis of a Mach zero to five turbo-ramjet propulsion system for a Mach five waverider-derived cruise vehicle. The level of analysis detail necessary for a credible conceptual design is shown. The results of a finite-element failure mode sizing analysis for the engine primary structure is presented. The importance of engine/airframe integration is also discussed.


Applying customized converting system, centralized data replication and XML based wed services data integration, and combining with data warehouse and data mining technology, to integrate different type of data in different businesses in community health information system to a data center in order to meet the needs for data exchanging between the information systems of relevant medical institutions.


Obtain a digital slide or other large image, a system and method for saving is provided with a DICOM standard messaging these images commercially available PACS system. Digital slides and other large two-dimensional image is acquired, digital slide or large images of different resolution levels is divided into a series of regions identified as DICOM images respectively. Regions of the same resolution in a digital slide or other large image is identified as all collectively DICOM series. A plurality of DICOM series of a plurality of resolution levels of the digital slide is stored is identified collectively as DICOM study. .FIELD 1