In the international media the liberation war in Namibia was overshadowed by the long struggle against apartheid in neighbouring South Africa and the civil war in Angola. Under the 1884 Treaty of Berlin the territory had become German South West Africa until World War I and then was occupied by South Africa. It became a League of Nations mandate under South Africa, which later refused to convert it into a UN trusteeship. In 1971, the International Court of Justice ruled South Africa's administration illegal. In this period the territory became in effect a buffer against the growing African nationalist movements to the north. Namibia's main liberation movement, the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO), led by Sam Nujoma, waged a somewhat lonely struggle complicated by the intervention of Cuban troops in Angola with its two bitterly opposed liberation movements. South African photographer John Liebenberg and historian Patricia Hayes have produced a fascinating pictorial record of the years of fighting between the South African Defence Force and SWAPO across this vast, awesome desert country. At 18 years old Liebenberg was sent as a conscript to a South African base near the Angolan border at the time of Operation Savannah, which aimed to 'ensure sympathetic government in Angola'. He kept his camera hidden and took many of the pictures in this book. On demobilisation in the mid-1980s he worked in Namibia as a professional news photographer. When he went back into the war zone he did so as circulation manager of the newly launched newspaper The Namibian. He took along copies of the paper in the boot and film rolls spoiled in case the army wanted to confiscate something. Twice the offices of The Namibian, edited by the politically courageous Gwen Lister, were firebombed. The result is a moving collection of pictures that brilliantly capture the strange, sporadic war that was eventually to force South Africa out of Namibia and lead to independence in 1990. Many of the pictures were taken through the gunsights and narrow windows of armoured vehicles and through Security Branch cameras at rallies in Windhoek. The bare, dramatic desert landscape of Namibia provides an extraordinary backdrop. When dust storms occur the day becomes twilight and there is no clear division of the land from the sky and the horizon disappears. Such backgrounds add beauty to many of the pictures. The Round Table Vol. 101, No. 04, 375–389, August 2012


Objective:To explore efficacy of the rehabilitative strategy in hospitalized schizophrenics.Method:Sixty-four schizophrenic patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group.Both groups received the anti-psychotics therapy, but the teamwork education,medication management skills training module, symptom management skills training module were only given to the intervention group for ten weeks. And a one-year follow-up was carried out after their discharge from hospital. All subjects were evaluated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Nurses` Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation-30 (NOSIE-30), Insight and the Attitude to Treatment Scale, Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Morning Side Scale. We also recorded the relapse rate, reemployment rate, and re-hospitalization rate. Result:The clinical outcome of the intervention group was significantly superior to the control group on overall improvement according to PANSS (31.17±3.13 vs 52.34±13.02,7.34±1.08 vs 12.36±4.28,7.76±2.13 vs 13.26±4.50,16.13±1.82 vs 32.17±9.82 ),increase of active factor score of NOSIE-30 (-18.3±3.2 vs 14.4±6.7),and the reduction of inactive factor score of NOSIE-30(9.4±6.2 vs -22.3±7.4).The relapse rate(9.4% vs 54.8%),re-hospitalization rate(3.2% vs 42%),reemployment rate(37.5% vs 9.6%)were also better in the intervention group.Conclusion:The effect of rehabilitative strategy for schizophrenic patients not only improves the symptom, but also their social function.


The features of the new media, such as digitality, interactivity, hypertextuality, virtuality and user-generated content, are important factors for fans to use new media platforms. These football fans, who are the members of platforms that are open to any interactions, behave with a sense of belonging to the teams they support, at the same time they tag other fan groups as "others". New media provides an online and free atmosphere. Therefore white supremacy, anger and hate spread uncontrollably against others. Although severe punishments were imposed on the fans who share the detection of violent and abusive content in social media with the entry into force of Law Numbered 6222 on Prevention of Violence and Irregularities in Sports Competitions, the fans use the number itself, 6222, as a code and continue to share hateful contents. Therefore, this study aims to detect hate speeches made using both the number 6222 (Law. No. 6222) as a code and specified keywords on Twitter, which is one of the new media platforms, between the period of June 2019 and December 2019 (7 months). The posts of fans were recorded according to specific keywords by using the "Advanced Search" feature of Twitter and then analyzed by following the content analysis method. Besides, the posts that include the code 6222 enabled us to reach more hate speech content. Therefore, the snowball sampling (chain-referral sampling) technique was applied. To ensure the reliability and validity, all posts were coded in the coding scale according to the categories. As a result of this study, the identities and fan groups are targeted by hate speech, and the categories of hate speech are demonstrated in the graphics.


Background: Axial myopathy is a rare neuromuscular disorder of variable etiology characterised by preferential involvement of the paraspinal muscles. We reviewed clinical features of patients with axial myopathies and the diagnostic yield of myositis-associated antibodies and targeted next generation sequencing panels. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients presenting with axial myopathy at the Montreal Neurological Hospital from 2011-2018. Data collection included clinical presentation, disease course, results of electromyography, imaging, laboratory and genetic testing, and histopathology on muscle biopsy. Results: Twenty-five patients were identified. Initial manifestation of axial weakness was head drop (15), camptocormia (8), and rigid spine (2). Autoimmune myositis was diagnosed in 9 patients, seropositive in 7 out of 7 tested for myositis-associated antibodies. Genetic testing was consistent with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy in one patient and RYR-1 (ryanodine receptor 1) related core myopathy in another. Local radiotherapy or spine surgery preceded the onset of axial weakness in 1 and 6 patients, respectively. Muscle biopsies were available in 17 patients and revealed myopathic changes (16), inflammatory changes (6), and myopathy with vacuoles (3). Conclusions: Recent advancements in genetic and antibody testing, combined with paraspinal muscle biopsy, allow for more precise classification and identification of potentially treatable axial myopathies.


Novel red long persistent phosphors of CaCO3-B2 O3-CaCl2(CBC):Eu,Bi have been synthesized at high temperature of slide-state and weak reductive atmosphere.The prepared CBC ∶Eu,Bi phosphor was characterized with scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence and afterglow decay curve.The long persistent phosphor emits intense red long-lasting phosphorescence for a longer time after irradiation by UV light.By the luminescence spectra analysis,the long persistent phosphor emission spectrum shows a red broader emission peak at 631nm that attributed to Eu2+ions transition from 4f65d1→4f7 when excited by 284nm and 463nm;there are some red sharp emission peaks which belong to Eu3+ions transition from 5 D0-7FJ(J=1,2,3,4)besides above-mentioned transition.


&NA; We report an inborn error of metabolism caused by an expansion of a GCA‐repeat tract in the 5′ untranslated region of the gene encoding glutaminase (GLS) that was identified through detailed clinical and biochemical phenotyping, combined with whole‐genome sequencing. The expansion was observed in three unrelated patients who presented with an early‐onset delay in overall development, progressive ataxia, and elevated levels of glutamine. In addition to ataxia, one patient also showed cerebellar atrophy. The expansion was associated with a relative deficiency of GLS messenger RNA transcribed from the expanded allele, which probably resulted from repeat‐mediated chromatin changes upstream of the GLS repeat. Our discovery underscores the importance of careful examination of regions of the genome that are typically excluded from or poorly captured by exome sequencing.


Heavy-metal balance sheets are a useful tool to appreciate the relevance of input and output flows of agro-ecosystems. After presenting some general aspects of heavy-metal balance sheets, we introduce 'sustainability numbers', viz. discrepancy factors, critical sustainability factors and critical sustainability times. In calculating accumulation, it is important to understand and take account of the processes which occur in the soil. Recycling of compost produced from Source-Separated Organic household waste (SSO-compost) is used to illustrate some complications in these calculations. Our Sustainability Approach is presented as a way to handle these complications. Comparing results of the Sustainability Approach with those of the ('onventional and Equilibrium Approaches reveals the necessity to account for both the applied compost composition and the resulting changes in soil composition.


The interactive teaching mode makes study base on the demand of information exchange and emotional communication between teachers and students,the interactions between teachers and students,the interactions between students become the basic characteristics of the classroom teaching activities.The construction of interactive teaching mode of Art and Design discipline should not only reflect the typical features of Art and Design,but also want to fuse the ideas and methods of interactive teaching.Flip-style discussion teaching,Anchored situational teaching and Competition incentive teaching may be applied in the teaching practice of Art and Design.


PURPOSE
To assess the best electrode position of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with treadmill training in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

METHODS
Thirty children with cerebral palsy were randomly allocated to 3 groups: (1) treadmill training combined with anodal electrode positioned over the primary motor cortex in the region of the dominant hemisphere and the cathode positioned in the supraorbital region contralateral to anode; (2) sham anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex and sham cathode over the contralateral supraorbital region combined with treadmill training; (3) treadmill training combined with the anodal electrode positioned over the primary motor cortex in the region of the injured hemisphere and the cathode positioned contralateral to anode over the primary motor cortex. Evaluations of gait, balance, quality of life, and electromyographic activity were performed.

DISCUSSION
This is the protocol for an intervention study investigating electrode position to achieve improved function.


Broadcast authentication is a critical security service in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), as it allows a sender to broadcast messages to multiple nodes in an authenticated way. Symmetric key based schemes such as μTESLA and μTESLA-like schemes have been proposed to provide such services for WSNs, however, the life-time of these schemes is constrained by the length of the key chains. To address this problem, this paper propose a light-weight, scalable broadcast authentication scheme. In this paper, the proposed scheme uses series of short key chains that let the fore key chain to carry the Commitment Distribution Message (CDM) of the following key chain and amortize the CDM over multiple small parts to minimize the communication overhead. This allows the short key chains to continue indefinitely. Moreover, the comprehensive analysis shows that this scheme is efficient and robust against packet loss, and leads to efficient solution to the raised problems.


The purpose of this research is to test the capital market reaction to investment decision announcement of Salman King in Indonesia. It was hypothesized that the market reacts positively to investment decision announcement of Salman King in Indonesia. This study will investigate the existence of abnormal return as an indicator of market reaction in the days around investment decision announcement of Salman King. The sample used is 95 companies listed in the Kompas 100 Index. The study period consists of estimation period and event period lasting from December 30, 2016 to March 15, 2017. Event study is used to test how fast the market react to new information. The test showed that that the market reacts positively on the second day after the announcement. This result is aligned with the Signaling Theory where the market will tend to interpret  investment announcement events from King Salman as a signal that Indonesia has good economic prospects in the future. This signal will affect the activity in the capital market is marked by the movement of stock prices. Keywords: abnormal return, event study, investment, market reaction.


OBSCURE CASE OF SKIN PIGMENTATION SUCCESS-.4-I FULLY TREATED WITH ARSENIC. I SHIOIUrD like to draw attention to a peculiar case of skin pigmentation of obscure origin, which recently came under my notice. The patient came to me with patches of welldefined pigmentation on the chest, presentiDg exactly the appearance and ,rrangement of leucoderma, only in this case the lighter portion was the normal and the browner the abnormal condition. There was no shading off of the one degree of colour into the other. The pigmented portions -could be distinctly marked out with a pencil. Apart from this condition the man was in perfect health. His occupation of copper worker would scarcely throw any light on the question; and such conditions as Addison's disease, or the various pigmentary skin lesions described in books on dermatology, were excluded by the absence of any symptom or condition beyond the welldefined patches of pure colour alone. The history given was that it had existed for seven years, and that he had been under treatment of various kinds without success. Under the circumstances, I scarcely hoped to do very much, ebut thought I would try the effect of arsenic, and prescribed :72 minims of the official tincture three times a day; a little of tee nitrate of mercury ointment was also prescribed more as a placebo than for any other reason. At the end of a fortnight :the pigment had entirely disappeared and the skin absolutely clear. Landore, G'amorgan. ERNEST BRICE, L.R.C.P.


N. R. Ker, in his Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries, provides a note to his analysis of Bristol University Library DM 14, a version of the Medulla Grammatice: "A fragment of three leaves, now Bristol University DM 1, appears to be also from Medulla Grammaticae. It contains part of C and the end of D and is described and printed by P. Haworth in Trans. Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, xlv (1923), 253–75, with two facsimiles. Written space c.232 150 mm. 2 cols. 45 lines. Used apparently in the binding of a volume of Buckinghamshire wills, s. xvi. The title 'Liber test' bucks (?) sacerdotis magistri Ric' Edmunds anno 1569 xxix decembris' is on f. 3 and the names of some testators, Thomas Gayts of Coleshill, Ralph Wright of Olney and John Haward of Chesham Wooburn, are on f.1."


AbstractThe present note describes a modulation recorder for amplitude modulated signals that can automatically record by means of a pen and ink recorder the received percentage modulation of a fading sky-wave signal. The equipment employs the principle that if the ratio of the sideband amplitude to the carrier amplitude were determined, the percentage modulation can be known. The rectified D.C. voltage corresponding to the carrier and the audio voltage corresponding to the sidebands are separately obtained from the second detector of a Hammarlund "super-pro" receiver. The D.C. value corresponding to the audio voltage is obtained in a crystal rectifier. Logarithms of the D.C. voltages, corresponding to the carrier and sidebands are derived in a twin channel log-amplifier and the outputs of the two channels are fed into a subtraction unit consisting of a push-pull double triode. The output of the subtraction unit is a direct measure of the received percentage modulation and is recorded by a pen and ink typ...


The risk of hyperglycaemia induced by use of amlodipine is rare and not well established. This case report provides evidence that significant and reversible changes in glycaemic control may occur with standard use of amlodipine as an antihypertensive agent. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons.


Moisture severely affects aerospace structures and offshore platforms during their service life span. It deteriorates the mechanical performance of polymeric composites through long term and cyclic hygrothermal ageing. This reduction in mechanical performance must be considered during product design to ensure long-term structure endurance. In order to decide the long-term moisture effects on composite components, they are exposed to a rapid moisture conditioning. Presently the available qualified methodologies allowing only simple geometry and an assumption that diffusivity rates are independent of the flow path or direction. Therefore a more advanced finite element method is required. In this research work the finite-element analysis was performed to study the moisture diffusion in unidirectional composites. The final goal for this study was to determine the exposure time for rapid moisture conditioning that produces the most accurate moisture distribution in composite laminates.


Taxonomy of whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) mainly relies on the morphological characters of the forth instar lavrvae (usually referred to as pupal stage or pupal case) rather than those of adults. However, difficulties arise in identification or distinguishment of some species (especially some sibling species) due to morphological variations in these species. Therefore, it is of significance, to some extent, to apply non morphological characteristics in whitefly taxonomy. Some non morphological characters are listed in this paper, followed by an example of their applications in distinguishing whitefly sibling species, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and Bemisia argentifolii Bellows Perring. Moreover, some aspects regarding proper ultilization of non morphological charaters in the whitefly taxonomy are discussed.


In a direct sequence spread spectrum based vehicle location system, the arriving signal is normally correlated with the original pseudonoise (PN) sequence to determine the range estimate. The authors use super-resolution techniques to improve the resolution of the range estimate beyond that of the traditional PN correlation method. It is shown that the improvement ranges from twice to more than 40 times for both simulated and measured channels.


A single feed dual band dual circular polarized (CP) slotted loop antenna at C band communication for low cost application is presented in this paper. This antenna uses a microstrip transmission line to feed a 'C' shaped slot, on the opposite side of the substrate, two rectangular slotted stubs are placed across the diagonal line of the square loop to enhance the axial ratio bandwidth. Simulated results show that the antenna can used at 6.63 GHz centre frequency. The simulated impedance bandwidth is 3.7183 GHz i.e. 70.05% and axial ratio bandwidth are 125.8 MHz and 577.4 MHz, respectively. The measured return loss are from 4.4 GHz–5.41 GHz and 6.29 GHz–7.1 GHz. Simulated peak gain is 3.96 dBi at 5.08 GHz.


Background and Aim: Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. is a lesser-known member of the genus Cola called "Monkey kola" in the family Malvaceae. The leaf and fruit is used in the treatment and management of cancer in folklore medicine. The present study is carried out to explore the phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract of the leaf and stem of Cola pachycarpa by GC-MS analysis.
Methods: Leaf and stem were collected, identified, sliced, air-dried, pulverized, extracted with ethanol and concentrated using standard methods. The ethanolic extract of the extracts was used for the GC-MS analysis. QP2010SE Shimazu, Japan System GC-MS was used for the analysis. The compounds were identified by the gas chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry. The molecular weight and structure of the compounds of test materials are ascertained by interpretation of the mass spectrum of GC-MS using the database of National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST).
Results: GC-MS analysis of the leaf and stem ethanol extracts of C. pachycarpa revealed the presence of 64 and 47 chemical constituents respectively which includes 1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl (31.34%), undecanal, 2-methyl (4.00%), phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (4.18%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (3.35%) and vitamin E (5.15%) and the most abundant in the stem extract were: 1,4-Benzodioxin-6-sulfonamide,N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl- (30.10%), .alpha.D-Galactopyranoside, methyl (12.56%), Phenethylamine,.alpha.-ethyl- (10.96%), 4-Methylpiperazine-2-carboxylic acid (5.78%) and Guanosine (3.86%).
Conclusion: The presence of various bioactive compounds may be responsible for the application of Cola pachycarpa in the treatment and management of various ailments in folklore medicine. However, in vitro and in vitro studies, isolation of individual phytoconstituents and their mechanism of action may proceed to find a novel drug or lead compound for use as medicine.


We present a study of the differential emission measure (DEM) of a "quiet Sun" area observed in the extreme ultraviolet at normal incidence by the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) on the SOHO spacecraft. The data used for this work were taken using the NISAT_S observing sequence. This takes the full wavelength ranges from both the NIS channels (308-381 A and 513-633 A) with the 2 arcsec by 240 arcsec slit, which is the narrowest slit available, yielding the best spectral resolution. In this work we contrast the DEM from subregions of 2 × 80 arcsec 2 with that obtained from the mean spectrum of the whole raster (20 × 240 arcsec 2 ). We find that the DEM maintains essentially the same shape in the subregions, differing by a constant factor between 0.5 and 2 from the mean DEM, except in areas were the electron density is below 2 × 10 7 cm −3 and downflow velocities of 50 km s −1 are found in the transition region. Such areas are likely to contain plasma departing from ionisation equilibrium, violating the basic assumptions underlying the DEM method. The comparison between lines of Li-like and Be-like ions may provide further evidence of departure from ionisation equilibrium. We find also that line intensities tend to be lower where velocities of the order of 30 km s −1 or higher are measured in transition region lines. The DEM analysis is also exploited to improve the line identification performed by Brooks et al. (1999) and to investigate possible elemental abundance variations from region to region. We find that the plasma has composition close to photospheric in all the subregions examined.


According to the characteristics of a new type of twist drill, mathematical models for conical flanks are established, and a group of equation approximatively solving grinding parameters of conical flanks is deduced. On the basis of grinding parameters, a 3-D model of the twist drill is created with the software of UG, and each design parameter is measured. The result indicates the measured value is consistent with the design value in the range of tolerance, which proves the approximative solution is competent for the engineering require.


In order to improve the operation efficiency of steam turbines in variable conditions,the optimized sliding pressure operation mode is studied,the test method of combined utilization of load basis and valve point basis is proposed and described with two real samples which include 4 high pressure governing valves severally.The result shows the most economic sliding pressure operating mode can be found rapidly and accurately by the proposed method.


ABSTRACT In a series of short essays, leading auto/biography scholars reflect on their experiences teaching life narratives, considering occasions when things did not go according to plan. They remind us that "teaching lives" comes with particular perils, and share strategies for negotiating those challenges. Exploring issues including teaching across genres, analyzing writing about trauma, decolonizing pedagogies, and challenging assumptions (our own, our students', and our colleagues'), these reflections illuminate what makes the teaching of life narratives different from teaching other kinds of subjects or texts.


The histidine (H) residue at the apex of switch II is conserved in all translational GTPases. Thishistidine (H92) in elongation factor G (EF-G) has been implicated in GTP hydrolysis andinorganic ph ...


We present a new numerical treatment of the vorticity-velocity form of the governing
equations of fluid motion, based on the application of compact finite differences. The
mathematical formulation of these equations is discussed, as are the techniques used to
discretise them. The solver thus obtained is validated against analytical solutions to model
problems, and against the more physical test case of developing Tollmien-Schlichting waves
in a parallelised Blasius boundary layer.
We then use this solver to examine a reduced-order model of streaks in a turbulent
boundary layer. The properties of the streaks produced by the solver are discussed,
with a particular focus on the means of their generation.
Following this, we examine the use of spanwise oscillation of the wall, which is known
to reduce drag in turbulent boundary layers. The parameters of the oscillation (specifi
cally its magnitude, its frequency and the phase difference between the wall motion and
the streak forcing) are altered and their influence on streak development investigated. It
is found that in certain cases, the modification to the basis flow by wall oscillation means
that the perturbations can grow exponentially. We also investigate the effects of altering
the pattern of oscillation from sinusoidal in time to a smoothed square wave or sawtooth
wave. Finally, the results are reviewed and conclusions drawn, and possible extensions to
the research presented in the thesis are suggested.


Design features of the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Air/Sea Interaction (A/S-I) buoy are described, and construction, testing, and deployment experiences are related. This two-attitude buoy is similar to the MIT/Navy buoy which it replaces, but it accommodates more instruments and can be towed through shallower water. The BNL A/S-I buoy can be broken down into two, three, or four sections to facilitate overland transport. Compressed air is stored aboard and the controls for deploying, trimming, and recovering the buoy are centralized on the superstructure and are perpetually above water level. The ballast control plumbing is entirely within the hull for maximum protection. The buoy also has a propane storage and distribution system and a 40-watt thermoelectric generator for powering instruments. Two buoys were built and tested in 1978, and one buoy was deployed in 1979 and is in operation off the south coast of Long Island.


A historical background and general introduction to field emission and field-ionization, field-ion microscopy, and the atom probe is given. Physical principles of field ion microscopy are explained, followed by interpretation of images. Types of atom probes are discussed, as well as the instrumentation used in atomic probe microanalysis. Methods of atom probe analysis and data representation are covered, along with factors affecting performance and statistical analysis of atom probe data. Finally, some case studies and special types of analyses are presented. (LEW)


The paper summarized the development of De-SO2 and De-NOx in flue gas by pulsed discharge, analyzed its reaction mechanisms, and pointed out the affection factors and the existing problems. Furthermore, the possibility of its application was demonstrated.


List of Tables - List of Figures - Acknowledgements - Abbreviations - Introduction - Sectoral Policy Networks in EU Politics - Opening Up a Single Market in Financial Services - City of London and Place de Paris - 1992: British and French Responses Compared - Three Case-Studies in Network Activation - The European Dimension - Conclusions - Appendix - Notes - Bibliography - Index


Deception detection (DD) is infused with uncertainty due to vagueness and imprecision. To address the above issue, we developed a Model of Uncertainty in Deception Detection (MUDD) and selected the Neuro-Fuzzy classifier to predict deception. A Neuro-fuzzy model integrates the fuzzy set and logic for handling uncertainty with artificial neural network for learning DD models from the data. The performance of the models was empirically tested with deception data collected from synchronous computer-mediated communication. The results show that the performance of the Neuro-fuzzy model is comparable to that of the best model from the traditional machine learning paradigm. Moreover, they have better interpretability, stability, and reliability. We can draw significant theoretical, mathematical, and practical implications to the deception research from this study.


Surfaced-enhanced spectroscopy has been used to study rotational isomers of succi- nonitrile and N-methyl-thioacetamide on Cu and Ag surfaces. Both the gauche and trans con- formers of succinonitri1e are found to chemisorb on the metal surface. The doubly degener ate v(CEN) in the free molecules is removed when succinonitri1e adsorbs on copper, which indicates that the two CEN groups are no longer chemically equivalent. Both conformers are found to coordinate to the copper surface through the ir-system of one of the two CEN groups. In the case of N-methyl-thioacetamide, the population of the cis isomer is greatly in creased on Cu and Ag surfaces. This is probably due to surface-induced cis-trans isomeri- zation in which the predominant trans isomer is converted to the cis isomer. I ntroduct i on There are many studies by different experimental techniques of molecular rotational equilibria in different phases. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no spectroscopic study of rotational equilibria of molecules on metal surfaces. The present work reports the results of our study of rotational isomers of succinonitri1e and N-methyl- thioacetamide on Cu and Ag surfaces, using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tech nique. This is the first known study of rotational isomerism on metal surfaces in SERS. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be a powerful vibrational spec- troscopic technique for studying surface species. Detailed information on the molecular structure and orientation of the surface adsorbates can be inferred from the surface-en hanced Raman (SER) spectra, especially when the Raman spectra for the free molecules and the vibrational spectra for the corresponding metal complexes are available. Experimenta1 The Raman experiments are made on a Cu or Ag working electrode in an electrochemical cell with Pt as the counterelectrode, and a saturated calomel as the reference electrode (SCE). The potential of the working electrode was controlled with a potentiostat (Pine I nstrument RDE 3).


?A motorcycle test system based on AT89C52 singlechip processor is designed.The design principle and structure of the test system which integrates tests for axle weight,braking forth and speed are presented.The proper application of sensors and the method of designing signal circuit are discussed.Accurate test results can be obtained with simple operation.The system has good performance and reliability which has been used in practice.


In the semiconductor industry, reverse engineering is used to extract information from microchips. Circuit extraction is becoming increasingly difficult due to the continuous technology shrinking. A high quality reverse engineering process is challenged by various defects coming from chip preparation and imaging errors. Currently, no automated, technology-agnostic defect inspection framework is available. To meet the requirements of the mostly manual reverse engineering process, the proposed automated frame- work needs to handle highly imbalanced data, as well as unknown and multiple defect classes. We propose a network architecture that is composed of a shared Xception- based feature extractor and multiple, individually trainable binary classification heads: the HydREnet. We evaluated our defect classifier on three challenging industrial datasets and achieved accuracies of over 85 %, even for underrepresented classes. With this framework, the manual inspection effort can be reduced down to 5 %.


A major characteristic of our age is the exponential rise of data. Vast quantities of information in digital form are both consumed by and generated from research. The internet has made ?information? accessible to those with the resources to access and use the Internet. As a consequence a new set of requirements has been generated for educational institutions to equip both their teachers and learners with the information skills to access and effectively exploit this digital environment for learning purposes and for success in employment and personal spheres. This short paper explores this new paradigm providing a review of the current landscape including examples of recent work which addresses these areas, and drawing some conclusions about current status and possible future directions.


The most common skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma is a slow-growing malignant tumor, with minimal metastatic risk. And while giant basal cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of bad prognosis, it represents only 1% of all cases. However, various authors have recently proposed the term "super giant basal cell carcinoma" to describe lesions exceeding 20 cm. in diameter. This is the case report presenting with a 9 year-old right inguinal ulcer, ultimately diagnosed as "super giant basal cell carcinoma".


" For the adornment of a dwelling-room, or a conservatory, an oblong tank, measuring three feet by one foot six inches deep, would be very suitable. It mnust be borne in mind, then, that when a tank is filled, its weight is enormous, and hence it is difficult, sometimes impossible, to move it without first removing the whole or greater portion of its contents. Strength in the joints to resist pressure from within, and strength in the table or other support on which the tankis placed, is of the first importance. The bottom of such a tank is best formed of a slab of slate, and the two ends may be of slate also; the front and back of plate or very stout crown glass. The nsost elegant forsn for such a body is that of the double cune, the length of the tank being just double its width and depth, so that if it were cut into two equal parts, two cubes would be formed. The glass must be set in grooves in the slate, and bound outside with zinc or turned pillars of birch wood. The hest cement is white-lead putty, or what is known as Scott's Cemeist, the composition of which it is not in my power to inform the reader. If a coating of sisell-lac, dissolved in. uaplhtha, and made into a paste with whiting, were laid over the white lead cement, the water would be kept from contact with the lead, and the tank would require less seasoning. The use of slate at the ends is to enable us to apex rock-work, or carry across a rude arch; the cement used in constructing rock-work does not adhere to glass. But if rock-work is not thought desirable, the slate ends may be dispensed with, and the vessel may be composed wholly of glass, except the bottom, which may be of slate or wood. I have seen some hanfdsonse tanks composed wholly of wood and glass; it is only necessary to choose well-seasoned material, and unite the joints very perfectly.


Abstract : The object of the invention is a transducer of a spectrometer of electronic paramagnetic resonance consisting of a volumetric resonator and an ampoule with the specimen inside of it. For the purpose of locating the field of UHF at the position of the specimen on the ampoule there is placed a spiral of conductive material. (Author)


This study aimed  to examine  whether there is an effect of leverage and liquidity on the value of the firm with age as moderating variable in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. The sample in the study was 15 companies for 5 years. The data analysis used in this study was carried out quantitatively, with Statistical Product and Service Solutions-23. The results of this study prove that partially leverage has a negative and significant effect on the value of the firm, liquidity ratios have no impact on the value of the firm, age is proven to moderate the leverage ratio to the value of the firm, and age is not proven to mediate the liquidity ratio to the value of the firm. Based on the coefficient of determination that the leverage ratio and the liquidity ratio affect the value of the firm by 81.7%. For comparison, the remaining 18.3% is influenced by other models of variables from.


After analyzing the type of talents in the National Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan,and taking into consideration the related study of higher education and the value orientation of higher education reform,this paper argues that the training of application-oriented innovative talents should be the appropriate target of local colleges and universities.Based on the requirements of the cultivation of application-oriented innovative talents for practical teaching,it investigated the current situation of practice teaching system which is focus on the experiment teaching and concentration practice teaching.The results show the present practical teaching system can not completely meet the needs of the cultivation of application-oriented innovative talents.To conclude,this paper proposes to perfect the practice teaching system from the target,content,assessment,and security.


The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum of jet-cooled S2 radicals in the range of 30000~35000 cm-1 has been observed.The S2 radicals were produced by a dc discharge of a mixture of SF6 and Ar with assistant copper electrodes under supersonic jet condition.Combined with previous studies,more than forty observed vibrational bands have been recorded and in which 28 bands have been assigned to(ν′=1-9,0),(ν′=1-8,1),(ν′=1-7,2) and(ν′=2-5,3) bands of the B3∑-μ-X3∑g transition.A rotational analysis of these bands has been performed and effective molecular parameters for the B3∑-μ have been determined by fitting almost all observed vibronic bands except the illegible ones.moreover,the lifetimes of all the observed bands have been measured.


The author proposes to enlarge the model of the Pietas Austriaca formulated by Anna Coreth by including material from non-Austrian core lands of the Habsburg monarchy. Using sources mainly from Austria and the empire, Coreth revealed the principal components of the dynastic devotion, linking the mission given by God to the founding emperor, Rudolph of Habsburg. Yet, in Hungary and Bohemia, seventeenth-century narratives on the origin and models of dynastic piety were not always in line with the Viennese model. Some parallel symbolic competition in representations of Habsburg piety culminated in an invention of traditions distinct from the Austrian model. The author then distinguishes between holy patrons and patron saints in the Habsburg monarchy, mostly in the seventeenth century.


Background . The Philippines is oneofonly nine countries globally with rapidly in- creasing rates of HIV infection. Annual reported cases have increased 37-fold in the last decade.Sexualtransmission stillaccounts forover95%ofcases,andamajorshiftfroma heterosexualtomen whohave sexwithmen(MSM)transmissionhasoccurred. Reasons for this remainunclear, but may include increased testing among MSMs,increased local transmission,and moreaggressive strainsofHIV.Thisstudyseekstodeterminewhether local molecular subtypes of HIV have changed over the last decade. Methods . Following institutional review board approval and individual informed consent, 81 newly-diagnosed, treatment-naive HIV-positive patients at the Philippine General Hospital were interviewed and underwent genotyping of HIV RT and PR genes using WHO approved-protocols for HIV genotyping. Generated sequences were analyzed using the Stanford Drug Resistance Database. Demographics, sexual habits and CD4 counts at presentation were collected. Results . The cohort had an average age of29 years (range 19-51 years), CD4 count of 254 cells/mm3 (2-744 cells), and self-reported acquisition time of 2.42 years (0.17-8.17


Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is known to carry a poor prognosis in dogs, but little is known of any prognostic factors related to this disease. Immunophenotype is of prognostic value in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and anaemia is associated with a poorer prognosis in acute leukaemias. This study investigated the use of immunophenotype, classified using flow cytometry, and other clinical parameters as prognostic indicators in canine AML. Dogs diagnosed with AML on flow cytometry at one institution between 1st January 2005 and 1st January 2013 were reviewed and a follow up history was obtained. Dogs were excluded if the diagnosis was uncertain; there was no follow up history; were CD34 negative (indicating chronic leukaemia), or were negative for all three myeloid markers (CD14, myeloperoxidase [MPO] or neutrophil specific antibody [anti-neut]). The relationship between survival time and the following variables were analysed using log rank analysis: breed, immunophenotype (divided into the following groups: [CD14+, MPO+, anti-neut+], [CD14+, MPO+],


Objective To investigate intractable epistaxis clinical features and endoscopic minimally invasive treatment of clinical efficacy. Methods 4 A retrospective analysis of our hospital from December 2010 to December 2012 admitted 100 patients with refractory epistaxis patients with clinical data, survey patients age, the incidence season, concomitant diseases, bleeding and other clinical features. According to the patient's age will be divided into two groups, age40 years as a control group of patients, patients aged ≥40 years as the observation group, analyze cause nose bleeding associated risk factors. For all epistaxis patients underwent endoscopic minimally invasive treatment. Results The incidence of nasal bleeding increases with age increase to 40 to 59 years the highest incidence was significantly decreased after the onset; obvious characteristics of patients with seasonal incidence, the annual incidence of October to March the largest number of high period; merge one or more of a higher proportion of systemic disease, nasal septum bleeding site to see more. Causes of bleeding in hypertensive patients were highest proportion, followed by the main deviated septum, the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Minimally invasive endoscopic higher cure rate after treatment, a second cure was 94.0%, 2 times a cure was 6.0%, and no recurrence after 3 months, with no complications. Conclusion Hypertension is a leading refractory epistaxis most common cause, age, season, and so is the accompanying diseases caused by merger intractable epistaxis associated risk factors. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatment of bleeding points can not only quickly identify and hemostatic effect, it is in clinical widely.


Since sex education causes sexual expression, or in the words of Phyllis Schlafly and friends"promiscuivthis group feels that it must be prevented at all costs. According to Schlafly teenage sexual activity, which is encouraged by sex education and available contraception, results in "incurable VD, emotional trauma, and a forfeiture ofopportunities for a lifetime marriage to a faithful spouse and for career and economic advancement" [Editor's emphasis] (The Phyllis Schlafly Report, June, 1986). The logic, or lack thereof, of those last few effects of teenage sexual activity is most perplexing. Isn't it unwanted and unplanned pregnancy that would prevent career development and economicadvancement, and then doesn't itfollowthatavailable information and contraception would prevent this result, perhaps even by encouraging the decision to delay sexual activity? Theevidenceforthisgroup'stheoriesseemsto bedetermined in theMeese tradition: personal opinion and projection based on personal attitude. The Netherlands, which has available birth control in the high schools, has the lowest teenage pregnancy rate in the world, along with a very low rape and child sexual abuse rate. And Sweden, where sex education has been taught in the schools since 1956, rivals the low pregnancy rate of The Netherlands (Dryfoos, 1985). There has not been any evidence of a breakdown of family values in these countries, nor a lack of career development. Researchers atJohns Hopkins University, whodesigned and evaluated a school-based pregnancy prevention program for inner-city high school girls found adramaticdecrease in pregnancies.And, indirectopposition totheSchlaflytheoryofsex education promoting"promiscuity," they also found that girls participating in the program postponed intercourse longerthan non-participating girls (Alan Guttmacher Institute, 1986). So as we can see, Schlafly's concern for the economic advancement of Americans is not only insincere, but also based on her personal opinion of who should be having sex when and with whom rather than on research generated from evaluation of sex education programs. This issueoftheS/ECUS Reportaddressestheimportant need of developing and evaluating sex education programs, including curricula and teacher selection, which meet the learning needs of young people and are acceptable to parents, professionals, and communities. Never has the need for sex education been greaterthan now. Adolescent pregnancy, AIDS, child sexual abuse, rape, pornography, and censorship are sexual health issues in 1986 thataffectall of us-children, adolescents, parents, and professionals. One result of the concern about these issues has been increased efforts to control, limit, and eventually eliminate, through legislation, publicschool family lifeand sexeducation curriculums, programs and materials which are viewed as threatening to young people and their parents. This effort has emerged in the form ofa"parent-pupil protection act" promoted by Schlafly's group. Aswelookat how to improvethefrequencyand quality of sex education programs, it is vitally important to be aware of and to assess the current social and political environment. The examples below vividly illuminate the extent of fear and concern many have about sex education today.


The accreditation criteria for the new ITE programmes in Wales include the requirement that Newly Qualified Teachers (NQTs) understand how to conduct 'close‐to-practice' research and are able to articulate evidence‐informed approaches to pedagogy (Furlong, 2016; Welsh Government, 2018). This paper describes the processes by which one HEI-school partnership (the APLP) developed programmes of ITE to respond to this vision, specifically focussing on the journey of the student- teacher through the development of four research dispositions. The programmes seek to ensure that ITE students develop an 'inquiry stance', where this reflects the understandings of Cochran‐Smith (2011) who uses the term inquiry to refer to teachers' questioning, and the metaphor of stance to allude orientation and position. In order to support the research skills needed to adopt an inquiry stance, the work of Orchard and Winch (2015) has been adapted and distilled into four dispositions for the student‐teacher and progression steps have been identified for differing levels of study. The research dispositions and associated knowledge, skills, understandings and behaviours have been mapped through the content of the modules in each ITE programme on offer. We include a consideration of the tensions apparent in the development of detailed module content and conjecture that these may be an inevitable result of the professional habit of performativity that results from education systems historically driven by structures of accountability.


There is a dire need to develop more effective therapeutics to combat brain cancer such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). An ideal treatment is expected to targeted deliver chemotherapeutics to glioma cells across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The overexpression of transferrin receptor (TfR) on the BBB and the GBM cell surfaces but not on the surrounding cells renders TfR a promising target. While porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) have been intensely studied as a delivery vehicle due to their high biocompatibility, degradability, and drug loading capacity, the potential to target deliver drug with transferrin (Tf) functionalized pSiNPs remains unaddressed. Here, we developed and systematically evaluated Tf-functionalized pSiNPs (Tf@pSiNPs) as a glioma-targeted drug delivery system. These nanoparticles showed excellent colloidal stability and had a low toxicity profile. As compared to non-targeted pSiNPs, Tf@pSiNPs were selective to BBB-forming cells and GBM cells, and were efficiently internalized through clathrin receptor-mediated endocytosis. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) was effectively loaded (8.8 weight%) and released from Tf@pSiNPs in a pH-responsive manner over 24 hours. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that Dox delivered by Tf@pSiNPs induced significantly enhanced cytotoxicity to GBM cells across an in vitro BBB monolayer compared to free Dox. Overall, Tf@pSiNPs offer a potential toolbox for enabling targeted therapy to treat GBM.


Biofilters are an effective air pollution control technology to break down gaseous contaminants and produce innocuous end products. This laboratory study aimed to evaluate a biofilter media, mainly composed by tomato waste, as packing material to reduce NH3, N2O, CO2 and CH4 losses from stored pig slurry. Three mixtures of packing materials, with and without oxalic acid, were arranged in treatments, namely: mixture of tomato waste, pine bark and agricultural compost; mixture of tomato waste and rice husk; tomato waste only. A control treatment (no biofilter) was also included. The experiments were conducted using a system of laboratory scale biofilters connected to jars filled with pig slurry and under a constant airflow rate. The gas concentrations were measured for 14 days and the physicochemical of the packing materials were assessed. Results showed that biofilter media mixtures had a potential for NH3 retention ranging from 51 to 77% and the addition of oxalic acid to these biofilters increased NH3 retention to 72–79%. Additionally, the biofilter media mixtures with and without oxalic acid showed a potential retention for CH4 (29–69%) but not for N2O, yet with no impact on the global warming potential. It can be concluded that tomato based biofilters had the potential to reduce gaseous emissions from slurry.


Plant immune responses depend on dynamic signaling events across the nuclear envelope through nuclear pores. Nuclear accumulation of certain resistance (R) proteins and downstream signal transducers are critical for their functions, but it is not understood how these processes are controlled. Here, we report the identification, cloning, and analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana modifier of snc1,7 (mos7-1), a partial loss-of-function mutation that suppresses immune responses conditioned by the autoactivated R protein snc1 (for suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1). mos7-1 single mutant plants exhibit defects in basal and R protein–mediated immunity and in systemic acquired resistance but do not display obvious pleiotropic defects in development, salt tolerance, or plant hormone responses. MOS7 is homologous to human and Drosophila melanogaster nucleoporin Nup88 and resides at the nuclear envelope. In animals, Nup88 attenuates nuclear export of activated NF-κB transcription factors, resulting in nuclear accumulation of NF-κB. Our analysis shows that nuclear accumulation of snc1 and the defense signaling components Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 and Nonexpresser of PR genes 1 is significantly reduced in mos7-1 plants, while nuclear retention of other tested proteins is unaffected. The data suggest that specifically modulating the nuclear concentrations of certain defense proteins regulates defense outputs.


Take action to prevent your feelings from overwhelming you. As a nation or as individuals, we sometimes experience feelings of despair. Despair debilitates us and of course doesn't solve anything. However, once the feeling gets a grip on us, no matter what others say or how much we would try telling ourselves differently, it is real and having an impact on us. There are two extreme types of responses to such feelings : on the one hand we can completely succumb to the feeling in the sense that we allow the feeling to determine our view of and attitude towards life and, on the other, influenced by our culture's insistence on the show of success, strength and rational control, we can concentrate on trying to suppress or deny the feeling. None of these are helpful in our quest for meaning and hope for happiness.


This research explored how my own life experiences and leadership journey have informed my professional practice in Indigenous capacity building. The relationship between Indigenous capacity building and the promotion of Ieadership development is the unde


This paper describes a new method for the on-line location of partial discharges (PDs) in power transmission and distribution networks based on Electromagnetic Time Reversal (EMTR) theory and on the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method in order to describe the time reversed propagation. In particular, the paper shows the effectiveness of the method in localizing the PD source when the impedances at the terminations of the line are unknown and describes the procedure to be followed in this case. The analysis is performed in simulation, and a model of the PD signal propagation that is able to reproduce the distortion phenomenon that affect the PD signal propagation on power lines and thus the accuracy of the on-line PD location methods is also described.


Using an exploratory model of the evolution of computers systems in organizations, the authors interviewed HR computer systems people in ten Fortune 500 firms considered leaders in HR computer use. Generalizable measures of growth in computer use and related changes in HR department structure, strategy, and personnel were found. These measures were used to identify three stages of growth in computer use: threshold, growth, and consolidation/strategic expansion. In the latter two stages, differences were found among firms in the way computer use evolved. These differences appeared closely related to the company's choice of technology and the centralization of the firm's key HR decision makers. The implications of the exploratory model and findings for practice and future research are discussed.


To reduce the bending-torsion coupling effect of curved girder bridge,a long span curved continuous rigid-frame bridge is cited as an example and the finite element software MIDAS is used to establish the spatial finite element model for the type of the bridge.The torsion moment distribution in the main girder of the bridge under the load action of dead weight,prestressing tendons,concrete shrinkage and creep is calculated.The results show that the torsion moment of the main girder is mainly caused by the dead weight and prestressing tendons and the moment dramatically increases with the decrease of the curvature radius.Therefore,the changing of the prestressing tendon layout will be an effective measure to counteract the moment and it is known that by changing the symmetric prestressing tendon layout in the original design in a different way,the asymmetric layout and tensioning of the prestressing tendons can effectively counteract the torsion moment caused by the dead weight.


Abstract : The goal of the SESAME project has been to create a set of tools to study the performance of operating systems. This project developed a method for observing component behavior inside the operating system kernel in fully running computers, a method for modeling the effects of changes, and a method for sharing the results among researchers. These have been fully implemented and tested on a massively parallel processing system (MPP). The project has used this implementation to identify details of system operation that were both contrary to documentation, and difficult to establish from user-level observation. In the process, two especially important lessons have been learned. The first is that extracting data from an OS kernel is a very challenging task. Although placing "diagnostic code" into an OS seems simple enough, to be useful the method must handle the large volumes of data produced without degrading system performance, organize it in a consistent analyzable way, and make the process flexible and extensible enough to allow arbitrary investigations. The method and programming described are substantially portable, and other teams will almost certainly find it much more practical to adapt them, than to undertake a three-year process of reinvention from scratch. The second important lesson is that such invasive, detailed tools are likely best used by inside members of OS development teams, or their quality assurance counterparts. In short, exposing such intimate system behavior can expose trade secrets. The measurement team was bound by a non-disclosure agreement with the vendor, and faced a constant dilemma between its obligations not to disclose protected intellectual property, and pressure from analysts for detailed information.


In the paper, the concept of rough information entropy is proposed. The monotony between the uncertainty of knowledge in the rough set theory and its corresponding rough entropy is proved. The rough entropy of the uncertainty of ordinary set and fuzzy set, and the monotonous relation between the uncertainty of these two kinds of set and their corresponding rough entropy, are discussed. Using the concept of rough entropy, the essence of the uncertainty can be fully reflected from the viewpoint of information.


The recent trends of declining birth weight in the United States are alarming policy makers as well as medical professionals. The trends are puzzling since most factors affecting birth weight have changed in favor of increasing it. We find that the changes in the use of labor induction and Cesarean section explain not only the trends of declining birth weight from 1989 to the mid-2000s, but also the recent trends of increasing birth weight. The changes in the method of delivery also account for the trends of other birth outcomes, such as low birth weight, Apgar score, and macrosomia. We investigate possible reasons for the changes in obstetric interventions.


T correlation between morphologic and clinical findings in renal diseases has been rapidly improving in recent years. This is due to the work of Homer Smith (1) who applied physiologic principles to renal examinations on normals and patients with various diseases, to the long term clinical investigations of Ellis, Wilson & Evans (2), to the study on low nephron nephrosis by Bywaters (3), Lucke (4) and Mallory (5), to the investigations of Trueta (6) on the shunts between cortical and medullary circulation of the kidney, in addition to the now classic studies of Addis (7), Van Slyke (8), Oliver (9), Goldblatt (10) and Bell (11). One is tempted to take stock of present day information by presenting a classification of renal diseases which would facilitate the communication between the pathologist and the clinician. In such a classification, it appears advantageous first to differentiate well defined morphologic phenomena with their functional and clinical correlation and then to attempt the discussion of the diseases composed of several such phenomena. In the kidney, five structural units may be recognized:


It is widely believed that impurity–ligand bond distances in lanthanide (Ln) and actinide (An) doped crystals, are larger in the fn−1d1 energy levels than in the fn ones. This idea, which was not justified and is probably based on the fact that Ln 5d (An 6d) orbitals have a radial extent much larger than Ln 4f (An 5f ) orbitals, has been neither confirmed nor rejected experimentally in spite of the fact that a very large number of absorption/emission spectroscopic studies on f-element doped hosts exist, because the band shapes depend on the square of the bond length offsets between initial and final electronic states. Recent quantum chemical calculations on Ln and An impurities in fluoride and chloride cubic hosts, which considered host embedding, dynamic electron correlation, and relativistic spin–free and spin–orbit coupling effects, have shown that impurity–ligand bond distances are classified in three sets according to their configuration, with the following trend: Re[fn−1d(t2g)1]


A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an active microwave remote sensor. This has the ability to form images during any weather and at any time. However, the inherent speckle noise causes the SAR image visibility to considerably reduce. Hence, effectively eliminating the speckle noise in a SAR image remains a challenge. Multiplicative noise model is representative of the speckle noise. Owing to the superior time-frequency representation properties of a wavelet transform, good denoising effects can be achieved. The singularity of line and the surface can be effectively detected by curvelet transform; It can also effectively deal with line singularity of the 2D space. This work proposes the wavelet and curvelet filter bank optimization using Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) method. The IWO is a novel evolutionary algorithm that can effectively solve optimization problems. It imitates the ecological behaviour of the colonizing weeds and it is a derivative-free, meta-heuristic algorithm. The proposed algorithm is employed in choosing the optimal noise reduction parameter and results in the maximum filtration. The superiority of the proposed approach over other methods has been proven by experimental results.


Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical exercise (PE) is related with significant beneficial effects on the CV system; however, in patients with RA few studies demonstrate that PE is beneficial for functional prognosis or surrogate markers of CVD in RA. Objectives To determine the effect of PE and hours of weekly physical activity on subclinical CVD markers in patients with RA. Methods The study was developed over a period of two years. Patients were asked, by clinical interview, for regular PE practice (minimum three times per week, at least 309), and the time spent walking daily in their normal duties was recorded. Demographic and clinical variables (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), duration of RA, smoking, hypertension (HT), dislypidemia (DL), atherogenic index (AI)) were determined. History of cardiovascular events (ischemic heart disease or stroke), diabetes mellitus (DM), or severe chronic renal disease (defined by a glomerular filtration rate =10m/s. Intima media thickness (IMT) and the presence of atheromatous plaques were determined by ultrasound in the extracranial carotideal tree in accordance with Mannheim9s consensus. Ultrasound examination was performed with an ultrasound Esaote MyLab xv70 with linear probe (7-12mHz) and an automated program that IMT measured by radio frequency ("Quality intima media Thickness in Real-time, QIMT"). The SPSS 17.0 program for descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Results We evaluated 181 consecutive patients with RA without history of high CV risk. 77.9% of patients were female, with mean age of 58.77±13,06 years, mean BMI of 27.13±4,73; 18.4% were obese (IMC≥30). Other parameters were: average duration of 13,62±10,51 years-disease, 29.8% smokers, 30.9% HT, 42.5% DL, and average AI was 3,84±1,01. Additionally, average cIMT was 722±149,29mm, 12.7% had pathological cIMT (>0.9mm), 42% had plaques, and 26.1% had pathological PWV (average of 8,53±2,14m/s). There were observed differences in markers of vascular damage (PWV, cIMT, central and peripheral SBP) and clinical variables (age, BMI, AI) related with PE, although it did not reach statistical significance. PWV monitoring was performed in 65 patients for whom no association with PE practice and daily exercise was observed. Conclusions The PE did not demonstrate effect on surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk or clinical aspects in our RA population. Disclosure of Interest None declared


Introduction:
 TNF superfamily ligands exert multiple effects on endothelial cell (EC) function, metabolism, and redox status. CD70 is a TNF superfamily member classically expressed on antigen-presenting cells and drives T memory cell polarization. Despite evidence of expression by ECs, the role of CD70 in endothelial biology has not been defined. We hypothesized that CD70 affects EC function through regulation of nitric oxide (NO) generation and cellular oxidative stress.

 Methods:
 Human aortic and pulmonary artery ECs (HAECs and HPAECs, respectively) were transfected with control and CD70-directed siRNA (siCD70). NO levels of individual cells were monitored in real-time after stimulation with ATP using the intracellular fluorescent biosensor c-geNOp. Similarly, intracellular hydrogen peroxide was assayed in real-time using the intracellular fluorescent biosensor Hyper7 following stimulation by auranofin and histamine. For both studies, 70-100 individual cells, averaged over 4 experiments, were analyzed using confocal microscopy. Control and siCD70-treated cell lysates (n = 4-6) were analyzed by Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR, as well as for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity.

 Results:
 CD70 knockdown was associated with a reduction in agonist-stimulated NO levels in HAECs and HPAECs by 30% and 40%, respectively. Protein levels of eNOS decreased after CD70 knockdown, with a reduction of 50% in HAECs and 75% in HPAECs. Phosphorylation at Ser1177 of eNOS in response to EC stimulation with ATP was reduced after siCD70 treatment, and expression of the key eNOS-stimulatory protein Hsp90 was decreased. Intracellular hydrogen peroxide was significantly increased (20% in HAECs and 80% in HPAECs) following ROS stimulation in siCD70-treated versus control cells. This change in redox status was associated with a decrease in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase protein and an increase in GPx-1 expression and enzyme activity.

 Conclusions:
 Loss of CD70 in ECs is associated with reduced eNOS expression and bioactivity as well as increased susceptibility to intracellular oxidative stress, potentially from a mitochondrial source. These results suggest an important homeostatic role for CD70 in endothelial function and redox status.


In this paper we analyze the redshift as observed by an external observer receiving photons which terminate in the past at the naked singularity formed in a Tolman-Bondi dust collapse. Within the context of models considered here it is shown that photons emitted from a weak curvature naked singularity are always finitely redshifted to an external observer. Certain cases of strong curvature naked singularities, including the self-similar one, where the photons are infinitely redshifted are also pointed out.


Mechanochemistry, a branch of solid-state chemistry, analyzes processes which can occur in solids due to the application of mechanical energy. This energy is supplied by high-energy milling. The mechanochemical approach belongs to the group of procedures that intensify the course of processes by producing various surface and bulk defects in treated solids. The accumulated energy acquired by milling is utilized in subsequent processes. In principle, the potential of mechanochemistry can be applied in cases, where the economic demand, the high temperatures as well as wet processes are under consideration. Several applications of mechanochemistry will be illustrated to demonstrate its potential in such apparently distinct fields like extractive metallurgy, materials engineering, and medicine.


Camera calibration is a crucial step in robotics and computer vision. Accurate camera parameters are necessary to achieve robust applications. Nowadays, camera calibration process consists of adjusting a set of data to a pin-hole model, assuming that with a reprojection error close to zero, camera parameters are correct. Since all camera parameters are unknown, computed results are considered true. However, the pin-hole model does not represent the camera behavior accurately if the autofocus is considered. Real cameras with autofocus lenses change the focal length slightly to obtain sharp objects in the image, and this feature skews the calibration result if a unique pin-hole model is computed with a constant focal length. In this article, a deep analysis of the camera calibration process is done to detect and strengthen its weaknesses when autofocus lenses are used. To demonstrate that significant errors exist in computed extrinsic parameters, the camera is mounted in a robot arm to know true extrinsic camera parameters with an accuracy under 1 mm. It is also demonstrated that errors in extrinsic camera parameters are compensated with bias in intrinsic camera parameters. Since significant errors exist with autofocus lenses, a modification of the widely accepted camera calibration method using images of a planar template is presented. A pin-hole model with distance-dependent focal length is proposed to improve the calibration process substantially.


Given the specialty of the global security account products and trading rules,and based on a research on the principles of the calculation of shareholder assets in the joint account in the global market,the presentation of common asset account data and the calculation of shareholder assets,the program is written calculate shareholders assets in Joint account in the global market with C# and SQL SERVER.The principles and methods concerned and analyzed in this paper can be used as a reference point by the global financial and investment institutions such as QFII、QDII.


Imamiyah jurists have had different views regarding the rights of the trustee in terms of abuse and wastage in the lent (trust); from the known theory of the claim for damages not being associated with the abuses and wastage on the basis of the generalities of the 'on the hand' rule to the theory of the relationship between fault and damage according to the general rules of liability and istīmān. Awareness to this issue will not be possible except through an investigation of the background and knowledge of the jurisprudential fundamentals of the known view among the jurists with regard to a lack of relationship between a claim for damages and abuse and wastage. Therefore, it is aimed in this paper to examine the conditions of the trustee in connection with the abuses and wastage first in Imamiyah jurisprudence and then in Iranian law. In this study, it is shown that the views of those jurists who consider as possible the domain of the trustee's responsibility in terms of the
involvement of a causal relationship with the abuses and wastage are more compatible with the ownership and possessive authority of the owner on his own property and the logical foundation stemming from istīmān rule.


Wireless communication is the fastest-growing segment in the communication industry, with mobile communication being the most widely used. However, it faces several technical challenges, such as Fading, Shadowing, Interference, and Propagation path loss. Meeting the higher demand for capacity with high-quality service is crucial. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a technique that converts wideband signals into narrowband signals for transmission, making it a suitable option for high bandwidth data transmission. The transmission of these narrowband signals is executed with an orthogonal carrier. This paper focuses on building a QAM model using MATLAB to simulate Bit Error Rate (BER) performance for real data communication under different communication channels, including AWGN and fading channels (Rayleigh and Rician). The aim is to investigate the reduction of noise and bit error rate in communication channels. The simulation model built for this research work demonstrates that QAM scheme performs better in AWGN channels than Rayleigh or Rician fading channels.


Sensitivity studies for low-frequency, cross-well electromagnetics (EM) show that the region contributing to the response is ellipsoidal in shape and encompasses both source and receiver. The strongest response originates from the immediate vicinity of the source and receiver, but measurable contributions are also produced in the interwell region. Side lobes of opposite sign are present outside the interwell region. The interwell contribution increases markedly for elongated (2-D) geological features, and with increasing frequency. Resolution, as inferred from the sensitivity patterns, is highest near the source and receiver, and decreases away from the wells. Interpretation is improved by combining measurements at different frequencies.


The aim of the study was to examine the planting media as a stimulant for onion germination. This study used onion bulbs of the Batu ijo variety with one week after harvest sizes ranging from 20 to 25 g/tuber, bulbs lengths were from 4 cm to 5 cm. The research used a completely randomized design with three factors that repeated 10 replications. Onion bulbs were planted in pots with a volume of 2 L which were only filled with 80% of the pot volume. In each pot was planted one onion bulb that had been cut off the top 1/3 with a planting depth. The number of sample plant pots for each media were 15 pots so that the total were 45 pots. Watering was done as much as 1 L/pot/day so that the growing media was always wet. Every two days They were observed for variables number of sprouts, shoots, roots, and leaves. All variables were analysed by analysis of variance. The results showed that the onion bulbs sown for one month in growing media have not been able to stimulate germination, and cocopeat media produced 20% germination compared with more sawdust and husk media. On cocopeat media, dormant onion bulbs germinated in 14 days after planting (DAP), followed by sawdust and husk media in 16 DAP. Roots of dormant onion bulbs appeared between 7 to 14 DAP, and then shoots appeared in 14 to 16 DAP.


America of the papers in this volume five were first heard in the Settimane at La Mendola (including one in the year La Mendola came down to Milan), others in Todi, Assisi, Lyon, Avignon, Cambridge UK and elsewhere. Through these meetings he was able in the days of the Iron Curtain to keep western historians abreast of research in Poland and elsewhere in central Europe, and to learn more of western research than was readily available in the libraries of Poland. The studies are wide-ranging, from the Christianisation of Poland in the tenth century to devotions to the passion of Christ in Poland in the fifteenth century. The religious orders, especially the friars, are the theme of many; and among the most arresting is no. viii on the Dominicans in Poland, which opens with a striking reminder of the extraordinary speed with which the Order of Preachers spread into central Europe. The corresponding study of the Franciscans (no. ix) is a succinct summary of a collective work in Polish: tiny print and imperfect copyediting make it not so easy to read, but it rewards the effort: in brief compass it has much that is novel and stimulating to tell us. Two characteristics of the author suffuse the whole book. The first is his capacity to draw together briefly yet with a clear focus a wide variety of elements spiritual, social and political especially — in the story he is telling. The other is the breadth of his knowledge of European history: with Poland he often groups Bohemia, Hungary and other regions in central and eastern Europe; and he always has his eyes fixed also on western Europe. The topics he discusses missionary work, the religious orders, the organisation of the Church, from the parishes to the papacy, even the devotional themes, are seen as part of medieval Christendom in unity and diversity. This helps to make the book, not only a monument to the learning of a deeply respected scholar, but also a major contribution to the history of Europe as a whole.


Objective:To investigate the utilization of antimicrobials and bacterial drug resistance in our hospital and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic.Methods:By retrospective analysis,the consumption,DDDs and bacterial drug resistance of antimicrobials in our hospital in 2010 were analyzed statistically.Results:The first three categories of drugs in the list of DDDs were cephalosporins,penicilins and macrolides.Among top 20 drugs in the list of DDDs,there were five kinds of cephalosporins.Cefadroxil took up the first place of DDDs,followed by cefuroxime.Among all the clinical isolated specimens,the gram-negative bacterium and the gram-positive bacterium accounted for 77.6% and 16.5% respectively.The general bacteria were klebsiella pneumoniae(KP),escherichia coli(EC),pseudomonas aeruginosa,acinetobacter baumannii,methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Conclusion:Hospital should spare no effort to tighten control on antibacterials to promote rational use of antibacterials and reduce bacterial drug resistance.


This paper proposes a comprehensive observability analysis of the relative pose estimation of a monocular camera (moving in three-dimensional space) from bearing measurements and epipolar constraints. It extends our previous work on observer design for the particular case of 3-source points with unknown 3D coordinates. The paper addresses the observability analysis of the more general case of n-source points (n ≥ 3) using persistence of excitation of the translational motion and bearing references (or equivalently, the position of the origin of the reference frame with respect to the source points). The key contribution of this work is to show that the persistence of excitation is not enough to guarantee uniform observability. In particular, we show that uniform observability also depends on bearing references and the number of observed source points.


Introduction Emergency Departments (ED) across Australia are increasingly pressured to meet rising demands for timely quality emergency care, despite increasing patient access block to acute care services; forcing EDs to manage patients for longer periods of time, (Varndell, et al, 2013) some of whom are amenable to rapid discharge pathways or admission avoidance strategies but require a safety net (Dasan & Hashemi, 2013). The project established and evaluated an Extended Practice Nurse (EPN) led review clinic (RC) to (i) provide short-term management of patients with low risk differentiated conditions suitable for rapid discharge, and/or patients unable to access a community care provider (e.g. out-of-state or overseas visitors), but required review within 48hrs; and, (ii) to assist in managing and treating patients streamed to Fast Track (FT). Findings Over a 12-month period (from September 2012 to September 2013), 3372 patients were managed by the EPN, and discharged within 4hrs (RC n =1375; 95%, FT patients n =260; 76%). The EPN was able to complete patient care for the majority ( n =2765; 82%) of patients independently following discussion with a senior medical officer; few cases ( n =305; 18%) required changes to EPN management plans or admission ( n =36; 1%).  NEAT performance improved (41% vs. 64%), fewer patients left ED (12% vs. 1%) and FT waiting times reduced (2.2h vs. 1.4h). Patients ( n =512) rated the level of access, quality of care, EPN professionalism and knowledge as above average (88-94%). Conclusion The addition of an EPN led review clinic model of care has improved ED performance, patient flow and safety. The model of care is well aligned to support nurses in rural healthcare settings and the development of nurse-led outreach or inpatient services. In addition, the model of care also provides a platform to support and develop future Nurse Practitioner candidates. Engaging local and community care providers/services and consumer representatives was an essential value-adding process.


A case of the delayed diagnosis of envenomation by the red‐back spider (Latrodectus mactans hasselti) is reported. The common and more unusual presentations then are discussed, together with treatment guide‐lines, and comparison is made with the management of latrodectism in the United States as a result of envenomation by the black‐widow spider.


HP: What motivates you in your work, both as a physician and as the CEO of RWJF? Lavizzo-Mourey: I come to the job of CEO as a clinician and also as a person who has had a fair amount of involvement with policy and business. One of the things that really motivates me—indeed, thrills me—about philanthropy is that it gives one the opportunity to address the root causes of big problems and to really transform the way society does things, so that people actually do have better lives as a result. A clinician doesn't get that opportunity, because he or she tends to focus on the individual patient or on the patient's symptoms. In philanthropy, you can sometimes address the root causes and actually cure the person. Then, too, philanthropy gives you an extraordinary opportunity to take a long view, to focus on the root causes of some of the most difficult challenges that the nation (and, at times, the world) faces, and also to work with really tremendous people and organizations like CHA in focusing on root causes. I like African proverbs because they often capture a simple wisdom. The work we do with CHA and other groups reminds me of the proverb that says, "Disease and disaster come and go like the rain, but health is like the sun that illuminates the village." At RWJF, we love the blessing of being able to illuminate the village.


The current study aimed at finding the relationship between infection of intestinal parasites and some hematological (complete blood count) and immunological parameters (histamine, interleukin-5, and IgE) in children visiting and infertile at Karbala Children's Hospital in Kerbala, Iraq. Two thousand and five hundred and forty-one fecessamples examined using both direct smear and flotation methods using a saturated salt solution for children aged 1 to 15 for the period from December 2017 to November 2018. The results showed that the total infection percentage of intestinal parasites was 18.93%. Five species of intestinal parasites recorder: Entamoebahistolytica (14.60%), Giardia lamblia (3.90%), Trichomonas hominis (0.16%), Hymenolepis nana (0.59%) and Enterobius vermicularis (0.08%). The percentage of infection inmale was higher than that of females and the percentage of intestinal parasitic infection fluctuated during the study period. The incidence of infection in the age groups of infected children also affected. The statistical analysis showed significant differences (P< 0.05) between the percentage of intestinal parasitic infection with sex and age of children as well as study months and species of parasites recorded. To conduct the hematological and immunological study, 59 infected children selected (30 males, 29 females) and 31 non-infected children (20 males and 11 females). The blood and serumsof these children obtained and examined by a blood analyzer for the hematological parameters and ELIZA method for immunological parameters. The hematological parameters included RBCs, Hb, PCV, WBCS, Neu., Ba., Es., Ly., Mo., Plt., MCV, MHC, and MCHC. The results of the current study showed the effect of the infection of intestinal parasites on some of the hematological parameters, whether increase or decrease (P < 0.05). The results also showed that other hematological parameters did not affect that infection. The results showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in IgE, IL-5 and histamineconcentrations in children infected with intestinal parasites compared to non-infected children We conclude from the results of the present study that the infection of intestinal parasites plays an important role in stimulating the immune mechanisms of the body and thus the production of immune materials can harm the body's various tissues.


In this paper, we present a method using singular value decomposition (SVD) which aims at eliminating the random noise and direct wave from ground penetrating radar (GPR) signal. To demonstrate the validity and high efficiency of the eliminating random noise method using SVD, we first tested our proposed method with noisy synthetic data and field data. Then we carried out de-noising process using wavelet threshold de-noising method with the same data. After this, in order to demonstrate that SVD method can eliminate direct wave effectively, we tested our proposed method with synthetic data and field data. Next, we carried out direct wave eliminating process using mean trace deletion with the same data. We found that by choosing appropriate singular values after SVD with respect to GPR data, SVD method can eliminate the random noise and direct wave in the GPR data validly and efficiently to improve the resolution of the GPR profile.


The combined use of B-mode ultrasound (US) and Power Doppler (PD; combination termed as PDUS) allows visualisation of morphological and pathophysiological changes of the synovium. ULTIMATE (NCT02662985) was the first large, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled PDUS phase IIIb study in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), to demonstrate that Global OMERACT EULAR Synovitis Score (GLOESS), a US score at patient level, was sensitive to detect the early and continuous decrease in synovitis in a multicenter setting using different US devices and examiners.1 However, the US assessment for GLOESS was time-consuming owing to the number of joints assessed.To investigate the value of various reduced joint sets to predict the validated GLOESS score.ULTIMATE was a 52-week study with a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled period followed by 12-week open-label (OL) treatment and 6-month OL extension period.1 In the ULTIMATE trial, GLOESS for the 24 paired joints was calculated, with a potential score ranging between 0 to 144.1 A Spearman's rank correlation matrix and a Cluster Image Map were constructed to identify highly correlated joint clusters based on the composite PDUS scores. Based on the different approaches (best correlation, model optimization, etc.), representative joints were then selected from each group, which yielded several corresponding combinations of joints. Linear models were developed with these reduced joint sets as predictors of GLOESS, using data from 60% of patients randomly selected from the ULTIMATE study. The remaining 40% data were used for model validation and diagnostics.Five models were established with reduced pairs of joint sets (9–13 pairs). The joints included in each linear model are summarized in Table 1. All five models of reduced joint sets showed high correlation with GLOESS score of R2 ~ 0.95. Figure 1 depicts all the 5 models of reduced joint sets for PDUS-detected synovitis versus the actual GLOESS in secukinumab and placebo-secukinumab groups, with modified GLOESS scores using reduced PDUS joint sets demonstrating changes very close to that of validated GLOESS.Table 1.Joints included across five linear models, indicated by green shadingJoint pairsModel 1 (N=9)Model 2 (N=9)Model 3 (N=9)Model 4 (N=13)Model 5 (N=12)ElbowKneeMTP2WristMCP1DIP4MTP4MCP2MCP4MCP5PIP3PIP4PIP1, PIP5DIP2DIP3, DIP5MTP1MTP5ShoulderTibiotalarN, number of joint pairs used in model. DIP, distal interphalangeal; MCP, metacarpophalangeal; MTP, metatarsophalangeal;PIP, proximal interphalangealFigure 1.Reduced set of joints synovitis score vs GLOESS scoreAll models of reduced joint sets for PDUS-detected synovitis predicted GLOESS well. The next steps will be to document responsiveness and ability to discriminate between active and placebo treatment.[1]D'Agostino MA, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021;keab628.Maria-Antonietta D'Agostino Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and UCB, Maarten Boers Consultant of: BMS, GSK, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant of: BMS, GSK, Novartis and Pfizer, Georg Schett Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Roche and UCB, Philip G Conaghan Speakers bureau: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Novartis and Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Novartis and Pfizer, Esperanza Naredo Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene GmbH, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Grant/research support from: Honoraria for clinical trials from Abbvie, BMS and Novartis; Research Grants from Lilly, Peter Mandl Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche and UCB., Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche and UCB., Philippe Carron Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Merck Sharp Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Merck Sharp Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Merck Sharp Dohme, Pfizer and UCB, Marina Backhaus Speakers bureau: BMS, Gilead, Jonsson, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, Consultant of: BMS, Gilead, Jonsson, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Grant/research support from: BMS, Gilead, Jonsson, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Alejandra López-Rodríguez Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Roche and UCB, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Roche and UCB, Petra Hanova: None declared, Punit Goyanka Employee of: Novartis, Braja Gopal Sahoo Employee of: Novartis, Corine Gaillez Shareholder of: Shareholder of Novartis and BMS, Employee of: Novartis, Weibin Bao Employee of: Novartis


Spirocerca lupi is a nematode infecting Canidae. It infects the canine oesophagus and promotes the formation of an inflammatory fibroblastic nodule that progresses to sarcoma in approximately 25 per cent of cases (Wandera 1976, Dvir and others 2001). Histologically, the tumours are classified as fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma or anaplastic sarcoma (Ranen and others 2004). S lupi -associated osteosarcoma is more aggressive than non- S lupi -associated osteosarcoma (Kirpensteijn and others 2002, Dvir and others 2010). In areas where spirocercosis is not present, malignant neoplasms of the oesophagus are extremely rare (Ridgway and Suter 1979) and oesophageal sarcoma is almost nonexistent; therefore, spirocercosis can be considered the major cause of malignant oesophageal sarcoma in the dog.

Tumours of this kind have the potential to grow to over 10 cm in length and can present as sessile or pedunculated (Fig 1). Affected dogs may suffer from oesophageal obstruction (Fig 2) and pain, and …


Seven phosphate enamels were tested to determine their suitubility for coating aluminum. The aluminum surface was degreased, treated with thiourea- containing sulfuric acid, and oxidized with a chromium sulfatesodium hydroxide solution. The specimens were then heated and enameled by dipping, both treatments being repeated. Two of the enamels gave coatings of satisfactory appearance, acid resistance, and adhesion. The compositions of these enamels were 2.7% Li/sub 2/O, 10.9% Na/sub 2/O, 7.4% NaF, 18.7% Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, 6.4% B/ sub 2/O/sub 3/, 7.0% CuO, and 46-9% P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ for one and 3.4% Li/sub 2/O, 14.9% Na/sub 2/O, 8.5% NaF, 21.5% Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, 11.8% B/sub 2/O/sub 5/, 4.0% CuO, and 35.9% P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ for the other. (J.S.R.)


Abstract 4603 Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent leukemia in the Western world with an annual incidence of 5/100,000. The clinical course of the disease is highly variable; while some CLL patients experience a stable clinical course that will never affect their morbidity or mortality, some of them will eventually progress and require chemotherapy. In addition to the traditional prognostic markers (e.g. Rai and Binet staging systems), more recently, mutational status of the variable regions of the immunoglobulin heavy chains (IgVH), chromosomal aberrations, CD38 expression and Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70) expression are used to better determine the prognosis in CLL patients. A novel CLL-specific gene, CLL Up-regulated gene 1 (CLLU1) that uniquely overexpressed in CLL patients, was recently demonstrated. It has been shown that CLLU1 mRNA expression levels in CLL patients predict time to initiation of therapy as well as overall survival (OS), and CLLU1 is highly up-regulated in poor-risk groups. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between CLLU1 levels and well known prognostic parameters and, to determine the importance of CLLU1 gene on prognosis and clinical course in our CLL patients. Methods 116 (46 female, 70 male) CLL patients who consecutively visited our outpatient clinic between May 2009 and March 2010 were enrolled in the study. Median age was 60 years (range, 30–87 years). Blood samples were drawn from the patients for CLLU1 determination, and CLLU1 levels were determined by RT-PCR method. CLLU1 expression level was counted both in CLL patients and healthy B cells as the difference between CLLU1 and abl (taken as an house keeping gene) gene. Then, they are transformed as folds which is the ratio between CLLU1 level in CLL patients and that in healthy B cells. Patients with CLLU1 expression exceeding the CLLU1 expression of normal (CD19+) B-cells were taken as positive. Each patient was followed for at least one year for survival data. For the statistical analysis, student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation were used. p Results There was no relationship between CLLU1 levels and, sex, age, modified RAI and BINET stages, lymphocyte counts and LDH levels at the time of diagnosis. Patients with nodular bone marrow infiltration had lower CLLU1 levels than patients with non-nodular infiltration (57.6 vs 498). Patients with high β 2 microglobulin levels had higher CLLU1 levels than the ones with low β 2 microglobulin levels (356.7 vs 13.6, p p =0.007) (Figure 1). Among the patients with CD38 levels studied (n=53) CLLU1 levels were higher in patients with CD38 levels above the median value than patients with CD38 levels below the median value (438.4 vs 42.2). CLLU1 levels were higher in cases who needed treatment than cases without treatment. Patients with a shorter time to treatment had higher CLLU1 levels than patients with a longer time to treatment ( p =0.028) (Figure 2). Conclusion With a limited number of patients we could demonstrate that CLLU1 levels correlated with β 2 microglobulin levels and ZAP-70. Although there were similar findings also with CD38 levels; the association was not statistically significant due to the limited number of cases. Time to treatment was shorter in patients with CLLU1 levels above the median value than patients with CLLU1 levels below the median value. CLLU1 is a promising and specific new prognostic parameter in patients with CLL, and further studies in larger series are needed to define the impact of CLLU1 in the prognosis and clinical course of CLL patients. Disclosure This study was supported by Istanbul University Research Fund. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Objective
To investigate clinical, pathological and radiographic features of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the nasal cavity.

Methods
Four cases of pathologically confirmed IMT in the Shengjing hospital of China Medical University from April 2015 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Three dimensional CT and enhanced MRI was performed in all patients.

Results
The main symptoms were local obstruction, oppression or infringement. In 4 cases, IMT was single, with 2 cases of primary maxillary sinus, 1 case of nasal cavity, and 1 case of nasal septum; Pathological morphology presented diversity, consisting mainly of spindle-shaped cells which distributed in bundles or whirlpools, and showed inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemical results showed SMA (+) in 4 cases, Desmin (-) in 4 cases, and ALK (-) in 3 cases. CT plain tumors showed mostly uniform soft tissue densities. MR showed more enhancement of tumors, 1 case with necrotic cystic changes in the maxillary sinus IMT tumors, showed a significant ring after enhancement.

Conclusions
The IMT of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is rare and the clinical symptoms are non-specific. The diagnosis mainly depends on pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining. Preoperative CT and MRI examinations can not only provide information on the lesion location, extent, and adjacent tissue invasion, but also on the blood supply of the tumor and the internal components of the tissue, which will facilitate the choice of treatment options.

Key words:
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor; Pathology; Imaging features; Diagnosis; Therapy