On December 15, 1980 Alvin Gouldner died in Madrid after completing a lecture tour in Europe. In recent years he had found Europe more congenial to his style and it is fitting he should have died there. The American sociological establishment had tended to ignore his critique of sociology and his efforts to construct theoretical alternatives. It came as no surprise that at the memorial service held in St. Louis December 28, not one member of the sociology department or administration of Washington University, where Gouldner had taught for 23 years, was in attendance. Al was a giant of a man — physically, personally, intellectually.


Although Eli Mandel states that "the border between America and Canada is of enormous importance in the imaginative life of any Canadian" (105), it does not signify in the same way for all Canadians. This paper examines the function of the border in writings by David W. McFadden, Wayde Compton, and Thomas King. Whereas McFadden's travel narrative Great Lakes Suite primarily focuses on the threat of neocolonialism from the United States, presenting its concerns through an attempted critical Canadian nationalism, Compton's and King's texts challenge some of the central tenets of Canadian nationalism, resisting dominant narratives of the Canadian nation. McFadden plays with, while still trying to uphold, distinctions between Canada and the US, with his narrator asking at a border crossing, "Can't you feel a difference in the air?" (178). Compton's 49th Parallel Psalm exposes the faultiness of this image in his representation of nineteenth-century African-American migration to a less-than-welcoming Canada: the belief that "the air was sweeter/ on the Brit side of the border, freer" gives way to the emptiness of having "renounced America./ what I got to show/ for it? handful of magic/ beens" (73). King's representation of the border, in contrast, throws into question the very existence of the Canadian and American nation-states. Like McFadden's joke about "almost pick[ing] out the dots and dashes of the international boundary" (192) in the waves of Lake Huron, Truth & Bright Water's image of the border running "right through the middle of the lake," prompting an expectation of "a floating fence or inner tubes with barbed wire and lights" (78), underscores the extent to which the Canada-US border is "[r]idiculous" (131). Whereas for McFadden the border represents a kind of buffer against US necolonialism, for King and Compton, the "strait razorous" (Compton 105) border produces divisions where it ought not to and polices racialized bodies in the name of the nation-state.

Works Cited
Compton, Wayde. 49th Parallel Psalm. Vancouver: Advance Editions, 1999.
King, Thomas. Truth & Bright Water. Toronto: HarperFlamingo, 1999.
McFadden, David W. Great Lakes Suite. Vancouver: Talonbooks, 1997.
Mandel, Eli. "The Border League: American 'West' and Canadian 'Region.'" Crossing
Frontiers. Ed. Dick Harrison. Edmonton: U of Alberta P, 1979. 105-121.


Abstract The habitat weighting, the bioclimatic model methods and the Simpson diversity index are applied to the small-mammals assemblage of Scladina Cave (border between High and Middle Belgium) in order to reconstruct the environmental and climatic fluctuations that are reflected on the Middle to Late Pleistocene sequence of the cave. The small-mammal data analyzed come from two surveys carried out at the entrance of the cave and allow us to identify within the section one cold episode: a dry, cool phase in the upper part of the sequence (probably associated with the MIS 3). The environmental and climatic data show an alternation of open meadows and woodland formations through both sequences, punctuated by peaks in local watery environments together with lower temperatures and higher precipitations rates than at present. Finally, a comparison of the small-mammal fossil assemblage from the studied surveys with the small-mammals assemblage from the Holocene deposits of Scladina Cave shows that layers related with MIS 5 temperate sub-stages (MIS 5c and MIS 5a) present environmental characteristics similar to those prevailing nowadays (a landscape dominated by woodland formations and water streams) in the area surrounding the cave. This is coherent with the available chronostratigraphic datasets on this part of the sequence, suggesting the record of the humid and temperate phases at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene.


We study continua on which each nonconstant open mapping is light. W. Makuchowski asked if this property is preserved under atomic mappings. Itisknown thatthisistrueunder an additional assumption of arcwise connectedness of the domain continuum. We show that in general thisis not true.


Despite of the differences between the BRICS countries, there are some similarities like the expansion of higher education in Brazil and China in the last decades. Both countries invested in educational policies and created new programs in science, technology, and innovation to promote the socio-economic development. This expansion was responsible for a change in the socioeconomic profile of students who entered universities in the 2000s. This article analyzes the family background of students considering the education level of their parents and discusses aspects related to the academic path of students and their projects after they attain their bachelor's degree. The data originated from a survey conducted in 2012 by the China Youth and Children Research Center (CYCRC), the China Youth and Children Research Association (Cycra), the Brazilian Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea), and by the Brazilian Society of Sociology (SBS). There is not much literature available on the influence of the educational and family background on academic choices and projects for the future of students, on aspects that are taken into account at the time they choose their degree and respective profession. In this respect, this article aimed at filling this gap and raising issues for future studies and reflections. However, the analyses also showed limits that are characteristic of comparative research if we do not want to incur the risk of producing generalized statements and of strengthening stereotypes of a culture or social environment.


This work presents a new study on the design of a microstrip diplexer configuration optimized and validated for ISM and DCS frequency bands. The achieved structure is based on microstrip technology, the goal was to design two printed bandpass filters one for ISM band and the other one for DCS frequency band.The two microstrip filters are associated by using a T-junction which permits to validate a diplexer in the frequency bands DCS-Band receiver [1.74–2 GHz] and ISM-Band transmitter [2.3–2.55 GHz]. The whole size of the final circuit is 130x50 mm2. After the validation of the proposed diplexer into simulation we have fabricated and tested it by using VNA which permits to have a good agremment between simulation and measurements.


We write to you in relation to your recent important publication of the consensus statement on clear fluid fasting for elective paediatric general anaesthesia, that emphasises improving fasting times from two hours to one hour prior to surgery[1] . In order to determine the volume of clear fluid to be given, one of the practical interventions advised by the author was to use an age-based banded calculator. This eliminates the need to weigh the child prior to fluid administration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


High-performance vertical-type organic transistors were fabricated using a simple layered structure composed of organic/metal/organic layers. This device could modulate a sheet current between the emitter and collector by a voltage applied to the thin base electrode inserted. When C60 and perylene derivatives were used for the channel layer, the modulated collector current exceeded 300mA∕cm2 by application of only several volts of base voltage. The mechanism for this process is discussed from the viewpoint of metal base transistors.


Jointly sponsored by: The University of Melbourne, LANDATA, Australasian Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, Victoria Division of the Institution of Surveyors, Australia, RMIT.


Low N use efficiency with high environmental impact is a worldwide problem which may be resolved by reduce target yield and N input in developed countries with surplus arable land and small population. In China, whose population is the largest and areas of arable land per capital is very limited, different approach should be made in order to reduce the environmental impact while the crop yield and productivity can be maintained or even increased at the same time. Therefore, the N input should be optimized to reach the harmonious point between high yield and sound environment. A key project on fate and efficient use of nitrogen fertilizer in two main agroecosystems was approached by NSFC recently, which will be carried out by a group of multidisciplinary scientists from soil science, plant nutrition, plant breeding and genetics. The fate of chemical fertilizer N in wheat-maize rotation in north china plain and rice-wheat rotation in Taihu area should be quantified at different rates of N application in field studies with the aim of modeling. The recommendation for the optimum rate of N application will be evaluated from the harmonization of high yield with the environment protection. And by using GIS technique, the principle for the recommendation of the optimum rate of N application at both field and regional scales will be studied and developed in accordance with the situation of Chinese countryside. The N-efficient genotypes of rice, wheat and maize will be screened out, and the physiological and genetic mechanisms with emphasis on root biology will be studied.


Cooper has the zeal of the convert when it comes to transnational history, and by the conclusion, in truth, we have perhaps read a bit too much about the mechanics behind it. But that does not lessen the impact and importance of his work, which is considerable. Cooper takes a thematic approach to these connections, looking in turn at monetary policy, taxation and finally trade unions, privatization and deregulation. He has made the most of the documentary sources that are in the public domain and has supplemented these with around 30 interviews with politicians, officials and public intellectuals. It will also come as no surprise to scholars of the Thatcher years that his book, like those before and after, is testament to the wonderful resource offered by the Thatcher Foundation website (led by Christopher Collins), which has made tens of thousands of documents available to scholars. The combined result in this case is an important study in transatlantic relations, well written and researched, that puts the Reagan–Thatcher years into a broader perspective beyond the relationship between the two principals. The conclusion that Cooper draws from his transnational look at Reagan/ Thatcher actually turns out to be reassuringly old-fashioned, or at least familiar: at the end of the day it is the practicalities of politics and national self-interest that matter most. 'Despite common intellectual origins and common circumstances, it is clear that the administrations did not always follow a common path in policy', he writes, adding 'this monograph has demonstrated that ideas are hindered by national limitations . . .While there was a clear convergence in New Right philosophy, ultimately the resulting ideas were implemented in a pragmatic way' (183–4). Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan: a very political special relationship is confirmation then, were it needed, of Lord Palmerston's point that nations have no permanent friends or allies, they only have permanent interests.


SUMMARY

Apart from the esthetic characteristics of the Class V restoration, the adhesive marginal integrity requires full attention. Due to the inherent curing contraction of the restoratives, cervical dislodgment of the restoration that causes overhang and leakage is very likely to occur. Application of materials with a certain strain capacity will reduce the problems.


In this research,the author investigated the resources of Rosaceae(woody)plants,and analysed their biolog characteristics,distribution,ecological characteristics and their use of garden virescence.This discussion provided by information for protection,management and use of Rosaceae woody plant.


The enantioasymmetry of polymerization reactions of racemic methylthiirane in bulk are studied, initiation being made using racemic or optically active seeds of molar weight equal to 40000, synthesized in bulk from bis(isopropyl-S-cysteinato)cadmium. In these conditions, active sites are enantiomers and the enantioasymmetric constant k R , measuring the preferential choice of the R antipode, is depending only on the relative number of the two types of active sites. We have observed an interconversion between the enantiomeric active sites C R * and C S *. The ratio [C R *]/[C S *] is only varying with conversion and reaches a limiting value that depends on cadmium concentration. For low cadmium concentrations, ([C R *]/[C S *]) lim = 1.00, showing a complete racemization of the enantiomeric active sites, while for higher cadmium concentrations, ([C R *]/[C S *]) lim = 1.07 ± 0.03. This value of 1.07 can be attributed to the presence of aggregation of dimeric species which create a chiral neighbourhood around cadmium atoms. Diastereoisomeric active sites present when active sites are born by chains of lower molar weights seem also to interconvert. The interconversion between active sites implies the presence of stereoblocks in the main chain.


The research on degradation and protection of the east mud flat of Chongming Island is presented. The east mud flat of Chongming Island, the biggest and most lull-grown wetland with various ecosystem services in the Yangtze River estuary, is facing with the human disturbance including excess reclamation of wetland, exploitation of fishery resources, harvest of reed and so on. All of these activities result in the decrease of wetland area, the simplicity of biodiversity, the reduction of biomass and the degradation of environment This adds dangers to the ecosystem safety of Shanghai City. So the research on the protection and restoration of wetland ecosystem should be enhanced. In addition, the principle of sustainable development should be followed in the using of wetland resources. Constructed wetland ecosystems should be developed through imitating natural wetland ecosystems so that it will help to not only keep the ecosystem services of natural wetland but also produce the ecological, economic and social perfonriance.


Although the question as to whether a plant-based diet extends life expectancy is likely determined by the quality of foods used to replace animal foods, numerous proponents of low-carb and Paleo diets have claimed that diets that exclude flesh do not favor longevity, and are even likely to promote premature death. Whenever health benefits are observed in vegetarians, these proponents have often simply attributed this to other healthy aspects of a vegetarian lifestyle, unrelated to abstention from meat.


In this paper, we studied the distribution of globa l languages; we set up a multivariate prediction model to predict the number distribution of languages. A multivariate dynamic rough model was used to predic t the geographic distribution of languages, and predict the distribution of language in the next 50 years.


Abstract Aim This study aimed to identify ethical dilemmas faced by nurses while caring for patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Background Nurses express several concerns during disease outbreaks, some of which are related to ethical dilemmas. Evaluation It is an integrative review in which four databases were searched. Critical appraisal tools and PRISMA guidelines were used. Content analysis was performed to analyse the obtained data. Key issues A total of 14 studies were identified. The results are presented into four categories: concerns with beneficence–nonmaleficence; awareness of need for autonomy; challenges to justice; and coping with ethical dilemmas. Conclusion While caring for patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic, nurses often put their own health and that of their families at risk. The ethical dilemmas faced by nurses are mainly caused by the lack of Protective Personal Equipment (PPE), shortages of medical supplies and personnel and the uncertainties that permeate an environment threatened by a new and highly contagious disease such as COVID‐19. Implications for nursing management This review provides information that can inspire nurse managers working during the COVID‐19 pandemic to support and empower nurses to act in accordance with ethical principles, which is important in order for nurses to protect themselves while providing efficient and effective care.


Complexes of uranyl chloride, nitrate, sulphate and acetate with pyrazinamide have been prepared and characterized on the basis of analytical data, molar conductance, electronic and IR spectral measurements down to 200 cm 1. It is shown that pyrazinamide, though a potentially tetradentate ligand, acts only as a monodentate ligand in the present complexes bonding through one of the pyrazine ring nitrogens. Tentative stereochemistries are assigned in each case.


Nowadays, the steganography of HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding) videos has been widely researched. The existing steganography algorithms mainly focused on eliminating inter-block distortion and only embedded data in small-sized blocks, which did not take intra-block distortion into consideration and wasted large embedding capacity. In this paper, a HEVC steganography algorithm based on DCT/DST coefficients is proposed. It uses the intra-frame error propagation-free method to embed data in all blocks for eliminating inter-block distortion and especially, introduces CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) to reduce intra-block distortion. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the embedding capacity greatly and performs well on visual quality, bitrate increasing and anti-steganalysis.


In a recent paper (Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. 13 (1975), 241–245), Tarafdar has considered nonexpansive self mappings on a subset X of a locally convex vector space E and proved an extension to E of a theorem of Göhde. The purpose of this paper is to show that the condition f: X → X, in Göhde-Tarafdar's Theorem in the above paper, may be weakened to f: X → E with f(∂X) ⊆ X. As a consequence, it is further shown that an extension to E of a well-known common fixed point theorem of Belluce and Kirk due to Tarafdar remains true on domains that are not necessarily bounded or quasi-complete.


On 22 January 2015, the Court of Justice of the European Union delivered its judgment in Hejduk v. EnergieAgentur (Case C-441/13) on the question of whether an Austrian court may hear an action for online copyright infringement where the material is placed online in another Member State. The case concerned Pez Hejduk, a professional photographer of architecture, who had taken photographs of various buildings by an Austrian architect. A German company, EnergieAgentur, made the photographs available on its German website without Hejduk's consent and Hejduk brought an action for copyright infringement against EnergieAgentur in an Austrian court, claiming EUR 4,000 in damages. EnergieAgentur argued that the Austrian court lacked jurisdiction because its website was not directed at Austria and the "mere fact that a website may be accessed from Austria" was insufficient to establish jurisdiction.


The origin of the English committee of the whole has evoked much conjecture from historian and political scientist alike, but no conscientious scholar has as yet found the subject worthy of exhaustive study. A scrutiny of the parliamentary sources for the period by the present writer shows, however, what the difficulties are. The meagreness of the records, especially for the sessions of 1604 and 1610, render a thorough examination of the problem almost impossible. In Professor Notestein's The Winning of the Initiative by the House of Commons, we find the best treatment of the committee of the whole house. But the discussion is short and fails to satisfy the more curious student of parliamentary procedure. Professor Notestein tells us that, about 1607, "there appeared, rather accidentally, the Committee of the Whole House, a Committee at its beginnings so little different from the 'General Committee' of late Elizabethan days that its appearance excited little comment…. By 1610 it was becoming customary to refer many matters to it; by 1614 the House went into such a Committee on the least occasion; by 1621 there were four several Committees of the Whole House, which met on different afternoons, and the House went often into Committee in the afternoon about any matter in hand." All this is undoubtedly true, but that authority is unable to assign any definite reason for the development of this practice and spends most of his time discussing the effects, which are undoubtedly more important to the historian. The problem of origins remains, however, unanswered.


NEGOTIATION RANKS HIGH in any list of important business communication activities. We negotiate all the time while at work. Whether it be with individuals or in groups, with one party or with several, inside or outside one's own organisation, much of our working day involves negotiating. And the better we communicate, the more likely we are to reach successful outcomes in these negotiations. Writers of books on negotiation have long recognized the pivotal role of communication in the negotiating process (see Fisher & Ury, 1981; Scott, 1981; Young, 1991; Putnam & Roloff, 1992; Firth, 1995), yet many of us who teach business communication in Europe unfortunately tend to bypass negotiation


In this paper, we report on the use and limitations of the popular double‐quantum recoupling sequence back‐to‐back in studies of 31P‐31P spatial proximities in Pd‐phosphine complexes at medium field (9.38 T) under the conditions of fast MAS. The effects of internuclear distances in different spin systems and the impact of isotropic chemical shift and chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) offsets on the detectibility of SQ‐DQ correlations were of particular interest to us. Selected model compounds with these requirements in mind were synthesized. By optimization of the excitation times of SQ‐DQ correlations up to 4.6 Å could be obtained even in four‐spin systems; however, certain long‐range correlations may be weak or missing. Although under fast MAS, CSA values up to 270 ppm are well tolerated, in multi‐spin systems in cases of isotropic chemical shift offsets larger than 50 ppm, the DQ coherences cannot be properly excited. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In this paper, we used two type of high gain antennas in external RF electromagnetic environment (EME) testing system which was the most important part in the electromagnetic environment effects (E3) system testing. The first one was S band pyramidal horn antenna had wider beam width in 2GHz to 4GHz, and the other one was parabolic antenna had higher gain in the same frequency band. From using these two different antennas in irradiation in open area test sites (OATS), we found two methods to operate this test which had invariable radiation distance or invariable radiation area to adapt different type of system under test (SUT).


The Ames mutagenicity levels of tap water at 23 cities in Japan were investigated during a year for indicating the need of evaluation and control of gene toxicity of tap water. The mutagenicity values were ranged from under the detection limit to 9,200 net rev.·l-1, and their difference was about 30 times. The mutagenicity values higher than 3,000 net rev.&middotl-1 were about one fourth of them. There was no significant relation between the mutagenicitv of tap water and the kinds of the water treatment process or the water source except ground water. The mutagenicity values tended to be higher in winter and spring, and their annual means at each city were ranged from 290 net rev.&middotl-1 to 4,400 net rev.&middotl-1. It means that there is 15 times difference of the gene injury risk in these areas. Furthermore, the relations between the mutagenicity values and the conventional water qualities were not clear. Consequently, it was indicated that the Ames mutagenicity was available for evaluation and control of water safety in addition to the conventional water qualities. Especially, the mutagenicity of tap water should be evaluated and controlled in the area where the mutagenicity was clearly higher (above 3,000 net rev.&middotl-1) than the other areas.


Based on deep brain stimulation data, we are using a method called temporal interference (T‐I) stimulation to activate phrenic motor neurons in adult rats. The premise is to target the deep ventral motor pools of the spinal cord with two high frequency but low amplitude electrical waveforms. The waveforms are delivered at kilohertz frequencies that are well above values that directly stimulate neurons, and amplitudes insufficient to activate neurons until the electric field combine in the tissue. The frequency of the two waveforms is offset by a small amount (e.g. 1–5 Hz), and where the two electrical fields combine to form a difference‐frequency time‐modulated signal in the tissue, neuronal populations are recruited. This work tested the hypotheses that 1) T‐I stimulation using epidural electrodes can activate phrenic motoneurons via direct depolarization, and 2) T‐I stimulation using percutaneously electrodes in the neck can activate the diaphragm and sustain breathing after opioid overdose. For epidural stimulation, electrodes were placed at C3 and experiments were conducted in ventilated, urethane anesthetized adult rats. Initial experiments showed that a pair of electrodes, one medial and one lateral, over the left hemicord was sufficient to enable diaphragm activation via T‐I. Intraspinal delivery of CNQX and AP5 was used to block excitatory synaptic inputs to phrenic motoneurons, confirmed by a complete cessation of endgoenous diaphragm activity. Under these conditions, epidural T‐I (5000Hz and 5001Hz 360–1800μA) could activate the diaphragm, but the response was attenuated by 50–75% as compared to pre‐drug conditions. Blocking inhibitory synaptic inputs using strychnine and bicuculline increased the impact of epidural T‐I by 100–170%. Opioid overdose (fentanyl, 30mcg/kg) in spontaneously breathing rats produced severe hypoventilation and mortality in 4 of 4 cases. However, when T‐I stimulation was given via intramuscular wires placed in the neck (5000Hz and 5001Hz 8–10mA), 4 of 4 rats survived the fentanyl overdose and were able to eventually resume spontaneous breathing. Ongoing efforts by our group are aimed at understanding the flow of electrical current in the spinal cord during epidural and percutaneous delivery to T‐I. To this end, in silico models of spinal cord stimulation are being developed using the Sim4Life software (image‐based electromagnetic and neural simulations in a rat anatomical model with detailed spinal cord structures). The modeling data are intended to help refine the electrode design, placement, and stimulation parameters, to minimize off‐target muscle activation. At this time, we conclude that 1) epidural T‐I of the cervical spinal cord can activate phrenic motoneurons by a combination of pre‐ and post‐synaptic inputs, and 2) percutaneous T‐I is capable of producing airflow which can sustain life through opioid overdose.


The article aims to give an overview of the Brazilian foreign policy through its objectives, principles and, concepts, along with highlighting the importance of diplomacy. It also explores the regional policy of Brazil and its bilateral relationship with the United States, until the period of post-Cold War under President Fernando Henrique Cardoso.


The working principle of complete fluidic sprinkler was introduced, the inlet section was changed by the activity pieces relative movement, and the wetted radius was changed with it. The structure form was designed to achieve a triangle spraying. The performance parameter of variable-rate sprinkler was introduced, they include the flow, wetted radius, spraying uniformity and sprinkler irrigation intensity. The hydraulic performance experiments of triangle sprinkler were carried out by the automatic measurement system. The change of wetted radius curve and irrigation water distribution map was achieved. The maximum value of wetted radius was 20.1 meters and the minimum value was 8.5 meters. The variable irrigation of triangle was achieved. The figure coefficient was great, and the effect was better.


(75) Inventors: Randy Cheema, St. John's (CA); A method for diagnosing and treating an auditory processing Sherry Cheema, St. John's (CA) disorder. The diagnosis phase includes presenting, simulta neously at least one different audible sound in a user's left ear (73) Assignee: Systems N' Solutions Ltd., St. and right ear. Each sound is different for each ear. A determi John's (CA) nation is made if the user can correctly recall the sound, whereby incorrect recollection indicates a disorder. The treat (21) Appl. No.: 12/576,073 ment phase includes repetitively presenting over time, the patient/user with different audio signals to each ear with the (22) Filed: Oct. 8, 2009 signals being presented simultaneously. An interface is pro O O vided for the patient/user to attempt to reproduce said audio Publication Classification signals presented. The patients/user's ability to accurately (51) Int. Cl. reproduce the correct signals over a period of time is moni A6 IB5/00 (2006.01) tored with increasing complexity in the exercises.


A keynote given at IBMs partner conference "Enterprise Content Management is being reimagined". The keynote outlined digital transformation from the perspectives of: - the unique properties of digi ...


The relationship between the processing of colours in the patches made up of various colours and the processing of the positions occupied by these colours was investigated using the backward masking technique with two types of ` noise ' which affected them differentially. Six subjects, all female undergraduates, took part in the experiments. The correlation between the numbers correct for colour and for position for individual patches was found practically nil. Moreover, deterioration of colour detection by noise did not have any effect upon detection of positions. When, instead of single patches of coloured targets, configurations of patches were used as units of analysis, some evidence was obtained to suggest that the two types of


Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) could have substantial value in areas where Internet infrastructure is expensive or dangerous to deploy. A DTN consists of a set of nodes that can transfer messages to each other and immediate packet delivery is not necessary. Pocket Switched Networks (PSNs) are a special case of DTNs where packets are forwarded based on the historical contact patterns between nodes which are assumed to be mobile agents like people or animals. Routing is a challenge in PSNs since an end-to-end path is unlikely to be available from source to the destination. Previous works proposed the idea of utilizing the social behavior of human contacts to apply di erent decisions for routing based on social clustering. These ideas can improve PSNs performance in terms of delivery ratio, energy consumption, and delivery delay because transmitting messages around a group is easier due to the higher probability of contact between source and destination. Contact stability and diversity, network resource capacity, clustering algorithms, and the transmission range of devices may a ect the performance of PSN routing algorithms. In this thesis, the e ect of each of these parameters on the performance of PSNs algorithms is evaluated by di erent use case scenarios. Evaluating the performance of PSN routing algorithms with di erent circumstances requires a framework that supports cluster-based routing algorithms. Previous DTN simulators do not explicitly support clusterbased routing algorithms. In this thesis, a DTN simulator, PYDTNSIM, has been extended to compare di erent available cluster-based routing algorithms. This simulator is modular and can be extended for the implementation of other routing and clustering algorithms. Currently, it supports three di erent clustering algorithms and three routing algorithms (two are cluster-based, and one is unclustered). PYDTNSIM can compare the performance of di erent PSN routing algorithms in terms of delivery delay, delivery ratio, number of message copies generated, and energy consumption. The simulator can track message transmissions in intermediate nodes, as well as variable message size and several message generation heuristics. To evaluate the e ects of clustering techniques on the performance of PSN routing algorithms, several clustering algorithms are deployed to cluster network nodes. Advanced Graph-based Kmeans (AGKmeans) is proposed in this thesis as a clustering algorithm by using the Kmeans clustering concept. This algorithm is appropriate for datasets in which the participants are dynamic and the dataset can be modeled as a graph. The initial centroids selection in AGkmeans is not performed randomly. To evaluate PYDTNSIM with di erent experimental parameters data analysis of the realistic datasets, SHED1 and SHED5, and virtual dataset generation emulator, the Termite, is done to extract the contacts from di erent environments with di erent transmission ranges.


The molecular structures and energetic stabilities of the three pure polymorphic forms of crystalline HMX were calculated using a first-principles electronic-structure method. The computations were performed using the local density approximation in conjunction with localized "fireball" orbitals and a minimal basis set. Optimized cell parameters and molecular geometries were obtained, subject only to preservation of the experimental lattice angles and relative lattice lengths. The latter constraint was removed in some calculations for β-HMX. Within these constraints, the comparison between theory and experiment is found to be good. The structures, relative energies of the polymorphs, and bulk moduli are in general agreement with the available experimental data.


The effect of an additive of 0.15 wt-% Ti in the Al-5.0Zn-1.8Mg alloy upon the precipitation, critical nucleation temperature, T'_c, and structural parameters has been investigated by means of hardness test as well as optical and TEM observations. The results showed that a trace additive of Ti may impel considerably the refinement of the grains of the alloy, but no more inhibition of its recrystallization and increase of T'_c.Ti may retard the growth of MPt, increase the density and the hardness of the alloy under lower temperature aging, namely, T_a T'_c= 150℃, but it meets with a reverse under T_aT'_c. Furthermore, at any aging temperature between 120-200℃, the GBP and PFZ of the Ti-containing alloy are always finer and narrower than that of one free from Ti. It seems to be explained that influence of Ti addition on the precipitation and structural parameters would be caused by the participation of the Ti atom clusters in the nucleation of GP zone and the low concentration of excess vacancies in the Ti-containing alloy.


Anderson localization is a paradigmatic coherence effect in disordered systems, often analyzed in the absence of dissipation. Here we consider the case of coherent dissipation, occurring for open system with coupling to a common decay channel. This dissipation induces cooperative Dicke super- and subradiance and an effective long-range hopping, expected to destroy Anderson localization. We are thus in the presence of two competing effects, i.e. localization driven by disorder and delocalization driven by dissipative opening. Here we demonstrate the existence of a subradiant hybrid regime, emerging from the interplay of opening and disorder, in which subradiant states are hybrid with both features of localized and extended states, while superradiant states are extended. We also provide analytical predictions for this regime, confirmed by numerical simulations.


Optical heterodyne receivers operating in the turbulent atmosphere are subject to severe degradations in performance caused by random fluctuations in the index of refraction of air. These performance degradations can be minimized by understanding the statistical nature of the optical field after propagation over an atmospheric path. In order to gain some insight into these effects, an optical link consisting of a He-Ne laser transmitter operating at a wavelength of 632.8 nanometers, and a four element heterodyne receiver array containing a frequency tracking local oscillator was fabricated and operated over a 1.6 kilometer horizontal path in the turbulent atmosphere. The outputs of each of the array elements was separately demodulated and the probability density function for two or more elements was experimentally determined. The measured density function agree well with theoritical predictions. This work provides a basis for determining optimum receiver processing systems and will lead to bit error probability measurements for these optimum recievers.


To assess the diagnostic accuracy of CA125, its kinetic values and positron emission tomography/computed tomography with 2deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG-PET/CT), in relation with tumor characteristics for suspected recurrence of ovarian cancer. To evaluate the performance of CA125-related parameters as a selection criteria to perform a [F]FDG-PET/CT. A retrospective analysis of 69 [F]FDG-PET/CT for suspected recurrence of ovarian cancer was performed. All patients had 2 measurements of CA125, before PET/CT, to calculate kinetic values, as CA125vel (CA125vel = [CA125a CA125b]/time) and CA125dt (CA125dt= [log2 time]/[logCA125a CA125b]).Maximumstandarduptake value (SUVmax)wascalculated.Thediagnostic accuracywas calculated for all the variables and the optimal cut-off value of eachof themby the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. All the tests were comparedwith tumor characteristics and clinical-radiological evolution during follow-up of at least 6months. Fifty-fivecaseswerediagnosedof recurrence (11withCA125<35U/mL),while 14showednodisease (11withCA125<35U/mL).All of themwere correctly cataloged byPET/CT.CA125, CA125vel, andSUVmax showed higher levels in recurrent patients (mean 129.54 U/mL, 24.58U/mL per mo, and 8.69g/mL, respectively) than in nonrecurrent (mean 20.35U/mL, 0.60U/mL per mo, and 0.64g/mL, respectively). No statistical differences in CA125dt were found. Patients with recurrence of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) showed higher CA125 and CA125vel, without differences in the rest of subtypes and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages. The ROC analyses for CA125, CA125vel, and CA125dt showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.873 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77–0.969), 0.903 (95%CI0.813–0.994), and0.727 (95%CI0.542–0.913), respectively,with anoptimal cut-off point of 23.95U/mL, 4.49U/mL per mo, and 3.36 months, respectively, while for the SUVmax the AUC was of 0.982 (95% CI 0.948– 1.000), and the cut-off point of 2. Multivariate regression analysis identified CA125 and CA125vel as predictors of recurrence. [F]FDG-PET/CT ismore accurate than the parameters obtained from the CA125 to detect early recurrence. CA125vel is themost suitable parameter, mainly in HGSC. Levels of CA125vel ≥ 4.49U/mL per mo facilitate earlier detection by the execution of a [F] FDG-PET/CT. The calculation of these parameters is independent of tumor stage at diagnosis. Abbreviations: [F]FDG= 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose, 95%CI= 95%confidence interval, AUC= area under the curve, CA125 = cancer antigen 125, CA125dt = CA125 doubling time, CA125vel = CA125 velocity, CCC = clear cell carcinoma, EC = endometrioid carcinoma, EOC = epithelial ovarian cancer, FIGO = International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HGSC = high-grade serous carcinoma, LGSC = low-grade serous carcinoma, MC = mucinous carcinoma, PET/CT = positron emission tomography/computed tomography, ROC = receiver-operating characteristics, SD = standard deviation, SUVmax = maximum standard uptake value.


This thesis falls under the problem of the burnourt syndrome among young competitive tennis players. It presents, as well at the theoretical level as empirical, the course of young competitive players, carrying them out the dream to become champion, with disillusion then with the burnout. The articulation of this work is carried out around a burnout modeling in sport, , clarified by the installation of three studies: the first sends back to the desire excellence of the young player by treating his representation of the champion and of his course; the second draws up a psychological and psychosocial profile of the burned out player; finally, the third is centered on the organization of the high level sport as a potential source of psychological suffering. Our conclusions highlight the multifactor aspects of burnout and propose some tracks of reflexion and prevention against this syndrome


Authentication systems robustness can be affected by the fingerprint image quality. Fingerprint image denoising is essential for better performance of any authentication system. In this paper, most recent wavelet transform based techniques for fingerprint image denoising are reviewed. It is observed that there are four important components of wavelet transform based denoising techniques. These important components include wavelet filter, thresholding rule, threshold value computation method and the level of decomposition. The stationary wavelet transform and the weighted median are recommended over conventional discrete wavelet transform and median estimator.


The basic demand of food industry is reproducible and reliable characteristics for quality and processing of foods. The instrument most often used in baking industry for the determination of mixing characteristics and water absorption of flour is Brabender Farinograph. The Farinograph ® -E utilizes the same measuring mixers (300- g and 50-g) as the Farinograph ® plus the small 10-g mixer. The previously used mechanical balance system is now replaced with a modern electronic system. To learn about new trends and develop new methods for quality assurance of cheese and to measure rheology of cheeses by using Farinograph-E was the major objective of the present study. Commercially availableMozzarella cheeses of brands Equality and No Name of different fat percentages and moisture contents were included in this study and Farinograph ® -E was used as a tool to measure their rheology. Analysis of variance showed that two brands (Equality and No Name) differed significantly (P<0.01) in their torque values. Low fat brand (18%) had higher value of torques compared to full fat brands (28%). Full fat and low fat differences were also found significant within the brands. The value of torque was the lowest at 20 and 30 o C and the highest at 40 o C in the case of high fat brands, whereas for low fats the trend was 20, 30, 40 and then 50oC respectively. It was revealed that Equality brand had higher values of torque compared with No Name brand cheese.


In order to illustrate the relationship between the mechanism of yield loss caused by SPVD and chlorophyll content,6 sweet potato varieties were grafted with SPVD.The results showed that both the chlorophyll content and the yield of all tested varieties were reduced.According to the result of Xuzi 3,the effect of chlorophyll reduction occurred at early and later stage on yield loss was highly significant.In addition,there was no significant difference between the yield of treated Xu050801 and CK,which indicated that there probably existed a certain extent tolerance to SPVD.


: Climate change, foreseen to cause adverse effects on human health, is one of the greatest threats of the century. Several studies have projected an increasing burden of health effects in the future attributable to climate change. Nevertheless, research in this field is comparatively young and so far there are no concrete answers. This article discusses existing research gaps and introduces the EU project EXHAUSTION which aims to fill at least some of them.


The greatest challenge in commercialization of microalgae products is the reduction of the overall cost of extraction. An understanding of the exact mechanism of water permeation across cell membrane will improve the current extraction methods and may possibly lead to the development of new technology. Molecular dynamics calculations using GROMACS software and MARTINI force field were performed to study how temperature affects the structural and dynamical properties of DPPC lipid bilayer. In general, the area per lipid and diffusion constant increases with temperature, while the bilayer thickness decreases. Water permeation simulations were conducted by accelerating the water molecules on one side of the bilayer towards the direction of the opposite side, creating pressure difference comparable to osmotic pressure. At 325 K, a pressure difference of 36.9 MPa (369 bar) induces water permeation after 5.2 ns simulation time. Simulation at higher temperatures requires lower pressure difference for water permeation. The results suggest that the temperature induced changes in the area per lipid, bilayer thickness, and lateral diffusion constant affect the water permeability on lipid membrane.


This article brings together reflections on the recent debates regarding the decolonization of philosophical and social scientific curricula at South African universities. This context is outlined, and the specificity of philosophy as a vantage point is explained. Thereafter four dilemmas are outlined as constitutive of university practices beyond the limits of South African university philosophy: (1) the relative importance of local and Western legacies, (2) weighing the positive and negative potential of the ambiguous Western traditions and their reception, (3) distinguishing what is relevant in any tradition to our work in the present and (4) the politics of the rights and freedoms of divergent role players to participate legitimately in these debates. I describe these four issues as core to our ongoing struggles for finding appropriate ways to work in universities "after Bandung".


The objective of the paper is to test the performance of self-developed time domain transmission(TDT)measuring soil water content.A laboratory experiment was conducted in sand soil,sandy loam soil,loamy clay soil and coastal saline soil.Results showed that there was a linear relationship between soil volumetric water content and TDT voltage output for non-saline agricultural soils and coastal saline soils.For sand and sandy loam soils,a universal relationship could be established to estimate soil water content when ignoring the effect of soil texture and bulk density,and the standard error of the estimate was 0.017 cm3/cm3.However,the influence of bulk density on calibration relationship was significant for loamy clay soil,the individual calibration was required and the standard error of the estimate was less than 0.016 cm3/cm3.In salt solution,there was a linear relationship between the TDT output voltage and the depth of immersed in salt solution,and the effect of electrical conductivity of solution was not significant.For coastal saline soils,the linear relationships between soil volumetric water content and TDT voltage output were established with different bulk densities,but the effect of bulk density was not obvious.Thus,a universal relationship could be established to estimate saline soil water content and the standard error of the estimate was 0.019 cm3/cm3.It was indicated that TDT instrument could measure soil water content accurately for agricultural soils.It has good characteristic of high-salt tolerance in salt solution and can be used to measure saline soil water content.


The photoelectron asymmetry parameter $\ensuremath{\beta}$ in $\mathrm{LS}$ coupling is obtained as an expansion into contributions from alternative angular-momentum transfers ${j}_{t}$. The physical significance of this expansion of $\ensuremath{\beta}$ is shown to be that (i) the electric-dipole interaction transfers to the atom a characteristic single angular momentum ${j}_{t}={l}_{0}$, where ${l}_{0}$ is the photoelectron's initial orbital momentum, whereas (ii) angular-momentum transfers ${j}_{t}\ensuremath{\ne}{l}_{0}$ indicate the presence of anisotropic (i.e., term-dependent) interaction of the outgoing photoelectron with the residual ion. For open-shell atoms the photoelectron-ion interaction is generally anisotropic; photoelectron phase shifts and electric-dipole matrix elements depend on both the multiplet term of the residual ion and the total orbital momentum of the ion-photoelectron final-state channel. Consequently, $\ensuremath{\beta}$ depends on the term levels of the residual ion and contains contributions from all allowed values of ${j}_{t}$. These findings contradict the independent-particle-model theory for $\ensuremath{\beta}$, which ignores the final-state electron-ion interaction and to which our expressions reduce in the limiting cases for which only ${j}_{t}={l}_{0}$ is allowed, namely (a) spherically symmetric atoms (e.g., closed-shell atoms) and (b) open-shell atoms for which the electron-ion interaction is isotropic (e.g., very light elements). Numerical calculations of the asymmetry parameters and partial cross sections for photoionization of atomic sulfur are presented to illustrate the theory and to demonstrate the information on electron-ion dynamics that can be obtained from the theoretical and experimental study of $\ensuremath{\beta}$ for open-shell atoms.


The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Dufour on the exponentially accelerated plate past MHD flow through porous media with varying temperatures and constant mass distribution. The considered fluid conducts electricity. The set of dimensionless area differential equations is solved by using the Laplace transformation technique and by finding the value of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. The outcomes are found by graphs for various boundaries such as warm Grashof value, mass Grashof value, Prandtl value, permeability parameter, Schmidt value, Dufour value, time, magnetic flux tendency and acceleration parameter. The velocity profile decreases by increasing the values of the magnetic parameter, radiation absorption, chemical reaction and thermal radiation. The temperature profile increases by increasing the values of the thermal radiation and the Dufour number.


Electric permittivity, reaching ca. 4800 units at Tc, of the first haloantimonate(III) ferroelectric with R2MX5 composition characterized by unprecedented SbCl5 chains of cis-connected octahedra results from the mixed 'order–disorder' and 'displacive' mechanism of the phase transition.


According to the Federal state educational standards of higher professional education of the third generation for «Management» programme the training of manager of high qualification is impossible without fundamental training. Mathematic modeling competence is a part of it. To define the structure and content of the mathematic modeling competence the literature and practical experience in the area were studied. The studies of the usage of the mathematic modeling methods in management practice were analyzed as well. Some problems in the sphere of «Management» education are marked on the basis of the data received. As a result the generalization of the concept of «mathematic modeling competence» is formulated. The structure of this notion is also defined here. The prospects of the use of mathematic modeling methods in management practice are also described in the article. The presented results may be used in the development of the educational programmes of maths and science cycles for «Management» programme, as well as for the developing of practical recommendations for professionally oriented disciplines.


The asymmetric buckling of truncated and complete conical shells under uniform hydrostatic pressure has been studied by many authors. In all of these investigations, membrane theory has been used to define the stress state prior to buckling. In the present paper this problem is studied by means of finite difference analysis, taking into account the large deformation in the prebuckling state. Numerical results are obtained and compared with the results of other investigations.


This article mainly talks about the hole of the computer and how to scan the hole.It mainly analyzes the classification of the hole and how to use the hole to attack.This article also talks about the two ways of the scanning which include local scanning and network-based scanning.It also discusses the differences between them and puts the emphasis on the later one.


Abstract : The majority of patients with advanced breast cancer develop bone metastases, which are incurable. Recently, tumor-secreted factors have shown promise as targets for the treatment of bone metastasis. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a breast cancer-secreted peptide that is pro-proliferative, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and stimulates new bone formation. AM overexpression increases bone metastases while AM knockdown decreases bone metastases in mouse models of prostate and lung cancer respectively. The objective of this project is to validate AM as an important target for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. I hypothesize that AM expression increases bone metastases and resistance to chemotherapy. Specific Aims: (1) To determine if AM expression by breast cancer cells increases bone lesion formation in bone metastasis mouse models. (2) To determine the role of AM in breast cancer cells. Key Research Accomplishments: (1) MDA-MB-231 clones that overexpress AM were produced. (2) Stable AM shRNA knockdown MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell clones were produced. (3) Decreasing AM in breast cancer cells increased bone lesion formation but decreased mammary fat pad tumor-take and growth in mice. Relevance: Currently no treatments improve overall survival for breast cancer bone metastasis patients. Inhibitors of certain tumor-secreted factors have decreased bone metastases in mice. My results indicate that inhibitors of the tumor-secreted factor AM would not be a good treatment for breast cancer bone metastases.


Effects of temperature dependence of hadronic form factors on the electromagnetic probes of Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP) have been looked into. It has been observed that in the kinematic domain thought to be most relevant for Quark–Gluon Plasma diagnostics with electromagnetic probes (M ~ 1–4 GeV), the space–time integrated emission rates (i.e. count rates) of dileptons and photons from the hot hadronic sector are not very sensitive to the finite temperature corrections of the form factors.


The primary objective of ComplexityCosts is to better understand ATM network performance trade-offs for different stakeholder investment mechanisms under certain disruptions. In this report, software implementation of the ComplexityCosts model is reported. Classes, methods and interface functions are presented with practical examples. Previous deliverables on the ComplexityCosts sub-models on passengers and traffic, mechanisms and disturbances, are updated.


By analyzing the general space constraint equations of the automotive driveline with double cross universal joints and numerous supporting conditions, kinematical and dynamic models of the system were developed. By using of commercial simulation softwares, the harmonic characteristics in nature of the system were found, which are in good agreement with the conventional conclusions and test results. The modeling method is also fit to research and improve the dynamic performance of the similar drivelines with double cross universal joints in vehicle.


Natural ester insulating oil is a widely used biodegradable dielectric in electrical transformers. However, its low oxidation resistance limits its application in some harsh conditions. Nanotechnology, understood as doping by the nanoparticles the fresh insulating oil, are considered as field for improving the parameters of oil. To investigate the effect of nano-fillers on the oxidation stability of natural ester insulating oil, Envirotemp FR3 commercial natural ester doped by POSS (polysesquioxane) was prepared, and the impact of POSS on the oxidation resistance of natural ester was investigated by experiments. The effect of POSS on the activation energy of the natural ester insulating oil at different temperatures was calculated, and the diffusion characteristics of oxygen molecules in the considered liquid modified by POSS were studied. Results show that the oxidation stability of the natural ester insulating oil was significantly enhanced with aids of POSS.


Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the fetus and the adult possess distinct molecular signatures that regulate cell fate and change their susceptibility to initiation and progression of hematological malignancies, such as leukemia. It is well established that fetal and adult hematopoiesis are functionally distinct processes; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern ontogenic differences in normal and malignant hematopoiesis have thus far been poorly explored on the proteomic level. We hypothesize that an intrinsically programmed proteomic switch in HSPCs during ontogeny controls both the outcome of normal hematopoiesis and the susceptibility to initiation of leukemia, and that the proteomic make–up of the leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) has an instructive role in determining the pathogenic outcome of the resulting cancer. Here, we have addressed our hypothesis by implementing mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics in combination with advanced functional assays to comprehensively characterize factors that are responsible for the differences in fetal and adult hematopoiesis in both a normal and a malignant setting. Our initial work resulted in the identification of numerous proteins and biological processes that distinguish fetal and adult LinSca-1+ cKit+ (LSK) HSPCs, with particularly strong differences between the two cell types in processes related to immune response, protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteolysis. We showed that fetal and adult HSPCs exhibit distinct responses to modulation of Type I interferon (IFN) signaling and neutrophil serine protease (NSP) activity. We subsequently investigated redox homeostasis in fetal and adult HSPCs, and showed that in line with the lower expression of proteins involved in antioxidant defense, the fetal HSPC proteome has a significantly higher oxidation level than the adult, and undergoes even further oxidation upon leukemic initiation. Our subsequent work focused on characterization of ontogenic proteomic and functional changes that occur in lineage-biased hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We revealed an intrinsically programmed difference in the lineage bias of fetal and adult lymphomyeloid multipotent progenitors (LMPPs), common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) and granulocyte monocyte progenitors (GMPs), with the adult cells showing a considerably stronger myeloid potential compared to the fetal. The difference in myeloid potential was in part due to a significantly lower expression of Irf8 and a concomitant defect in production of mature monocytes in fetal relative to adult GMPs, which could be partially rescued by increasing Irf8 expression. Finally, we focused our investigations on leukemia driven by the MLL-ENL fusion oncogene, a translocation which represents a highly prevalent mutational event in in utero-derived infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We showed that fetal MLL-ENL-expressing LMPPs possess an intrinsic bias towards generation of immature lymphoid cells ex vivo. In a transplantation model, however, expression of MLL-ENL in fetal as well as adult LMPPs drives acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adult recipients, suggesting that an interplay between intraand extracellular factors determines disease progression and outcome in MLLr leukemia. Molecularly, we found that MLL-ENL-mediated leukemia initiation is hallmarked by a differentiation arrest and metabolic reprogramming in fetal as well as adult cells. Remarkably, while expression of proteins associated with inflammation is increased in adult leukemic relative to wild-type (WT) LMPPs, such signatures instead appear to be suppressed in fetal-origin leukemia. Thus, we identified shared as well as ontogeny-specific features of MLL-ENL-mediated leukemogenesis which could potentially be exploited in the development of age-tailored anti-cancer therapies. Collectively, this thesis work has uncovered numerous novel ontogeny-specific molecular and functional features of fetal and adult HSPCs, both in normal development and in leukemia. The results from the included studies will aid in guiding future efforts aimed at developing novel strategies for prevention and treatment of pediatric and adult acute leukemia.


The European Union has been relatively cautious about using biotechnology in food production. A label regime combined with the right of individual member states to ban introduction of new genetically modified (GM) strains means that GM food products in effect are banned in many countries. We show how it is possible to empirically test whether a ban can be motivated by reference to potential negative externalities. This is followed up by results from a choice experiment. We cannot reject the hypothesis of equal WTP for a ban and a labeling scheme.


In some real—time monitoring systems,the frequency of the signal to sample falls in the audio range.In this case,we can use soundcard to replace the data sampling cards.In this paper,the application of soundcard based on the environment of visualbasic6.0 is discussed in details.


The invention relates to a pipe pile construction method, in particular to a pipe pile leading-hole construction method under the boulder cluster geological condition. The pipe pile leading-hole construction method adopts a down-hole hammer drilling process, and dilled muck is forcibly discharged out through a spiral drill rod in a rotation mode and is completely removed by utilizing strong wind. The down-hole hammer drilling hole bottom is cleaned through air pressure for 2-3minutes and sediments are removed with lifting of the spiral drill rod after the depth of a drill hole reaches to the designed depth, and operation is stopped after detection shows that the hole depth and the sediment thickness are smaller than or equal to 50mm and meet the design requirements. When the sediment thickness is larger than 50mm, a down-hole hammer is put into the hole again to perform secondary hole cleaning till the actual requirement is met. The pipe pile leading-hole construction method under the boulder cluster geological condition is short in construction period, the construction cost can be saved by more than 10% under the same operating conditions, a stratum application range is wide, and the pipe pile leading-hole construction method is especially suitable for construction of landslide, instability and other complicated stratums. The pipe pile leading-hole construction method is strong in machine tool selectivity and low in field requirement and is especially suitable for mountains and other narrow and small fields.


The invention disclosed herein relates to a compound of formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof useful in the treatment of prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, human chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia, melanoma, and other malignant tumors. The present invention also includes a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention disclosed herein also relates to the treatment of prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, human chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute or method of chronic myelogenous leukemia, melanoma, and other malignancies. Herein disclosed invention also relates to administering a therapeutically effective amount of a selective PPARα antagonist in the treatment of prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, human chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia, melanoma, and other methods of malignant tumors. The present invention compounds and pharmaceutical compositions are also useful for treating viral infections such as HIV infection and HCV infection.


We investigate the physical mechanism responsible for spatial self-phase modulation of optical vortex beams after interaction with suspensions of 2D transition metal dichalco-genides and organic solvents in different spectral regions, showing its origin is thermal.


WITH special regard to medicine, nursing homes are at a critical turning point in their history. The issue is whether the nursing home will emerge as a genuinely medical institution or continue rather to be identified simply as a kind of substitute for the family dwelling. The turn that nursing homes will take at this crossroads will determine whether physicians will organize their practice to furnish effective treatment to the growing numbers of people in nursing homes. This paper treats the question of whether nursing homes may become more medically oriented, by examining, first, the organizational character of the nursing . . .


The aim of SYNTIM project is to develop research schemes using combination of Computer Vision and Computer Graphics techniques in order to elaborate new solutions to problems of each domain. Since last year, SYNTIM project activities are focused on future image applications in information highways. The idea consists in trying to transmit images content information through a network in form of 3D models incorporating geometry, photometry (and movement in the future). The receptor (decoder) will have to use a (realistic) rendering algorithm in order to generate an image (sequence) using 3D model informations. Research is developped in three directions:


It is a trend for the development of adult education in universities to impart republic relationship,adult education workers in universities should study the important functions of the public relationship and apply them to practice in order to reach a new development for the adult education in universities


Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet REPORT NTNU Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk Title Date Author Sign. In this paper we investigate an approach for a posteriori error estimation based on recovery of an improved stress eld. The qualitative properties of the recovered stress eld necessary to obtain a conservative error estimator, i.e. an upper bound on the true error, are given. A speciic procedure for recovery of an improved stress eld is then developed. The procedure can be classiied as superconvergent patch recovery (SPR) enhanced with approximate satisfaction of the interior equilibrium and the natural boundary conditions. Herein the interior equilibrium is satissed a priori within each nodal patch. Compared to the original SPR-method, which usually underestimates the true error, the present approach gives a more conservative estimate. The performance of the developed error es-timator is illustrated by investigating two plane strain problems with known closed-form solutions. Abstract In this paper we investigate an approach for a posteriori error estimation based on recovery of an improved stress eld. The qualitative properties of the recovered stress eld necessary to obtain a conservative error estimator, i.e. an upper bound on the true error, are given. A speciic procedure for recovery of an improved stress eld is then developed. The procedure can be classiied as superconvergent patch recovery (SPR) enhanced with approximate satisfaction of the interior equilibrium and the natural boundary conditions. Herein the interior equilibrium is satissed a priori within each nodal patch. Compared to the original SPR-method, which usually underestimates the true error, the present approach gives a more conservative estimate. The performance of the developed error estimator is illustrated by investigating two plane strain problems with known closed-form solutions.


Abstract Natural gas hydrate is a widely distributed and abundant clean energy. Due to the great difficulty of its exploitation, natural gas hydrate has not formed a commercial exploitation scale at present, and it mainly stays in the stage of theoretical research and trial exploitation. Therefore, studying the gas production characteristics of hydrate and analyzing the recovery effect under different depressurization mining modes is important for large-scale commercial exploitation in the future. A mathematical model is brought up in this paper based on the open-source simulation program of TOUGH + HYDRATE, considering the four phases of gas, water, hydrate and ice. Based on the geological data of the first trial production of natural gas hydrate in Shenhu area of the South China Sea, this paper establishes the geological model of natural gas hydrate containing underlying free gas and carries out the numerical simulation of depressurization production. The production characteristics of hydrate decomposed gas and free gas in the production process are analyzed, and the recovery rates of hydrate and free gas under different completion methods and fracturing conditions are compared and analyzed. This study shows that the production of natural gas hydrate is highly dependent on the development configuration including well placement and stimulation.


Sequence stratigraphy and seismic data interpretation based on sequence stratigraphic principle provide useful theory and technology for exploration of stratigraphical and lithological oil and gas reservoirs.In order to fulfill the needs of exploration changes from hanging wall of Ke-Wu fault zone to its foot wall and from structural reservoirs to subtle stratigraphical and lithological pools,sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary characteristics were studied carefully with continental sequence stratigraphy theories and geophysical data.As a result,the Triassic system was divided into one second order sequence,five third order sequences and eight system tracts.Two sequence styles of depressions,i.e.wholly developed depression and partially developed depression,were recognized.The architectures of sandstone and development features of five subtle trap types were discussed according to sequence stratigraphic principle,logging constrained seismic interpretation and sedimentary strata correlation of wells.Based on the analysis of oil and gas accumulation conditions,the hydrocarbon accumulation model was established.It is indicated that the effectiveness of traps and recognition of oil/gas transporting faults are key constraints in exploring the lithological oil and gas reservoirs in the slope zones.


In this paper, we consider a problem of investigating the dependence of ∥∥∥P(Rz)−αP(rz)+β {( R+1 r +1 )n −|α | ∥∥∥ p on ‖P(z)‖p for arbitrary real or complex numbers α , β with |α | 1 , |β | 1 , R > r 1 , p > 0 and present certain sharp compact generalizations of some well-known Zygmund-type inequalities for polynomials, from which a variety of interesting results follows as special cases. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 30D15, 41A17.


Multiple-degree-of-freedom linear dynamic systems with nonviscous damping is considered. The nonviscous damping is such that the damping forces depend on the past history of the velocities via convolution integrals over some kernel functions. For the sake of generality, the system matrices are allowed to be asymmetric. The mode-orthogonality relationships, known for undamped or viscously damped systems, have been generalized to such nonviscously damped systems. Some expressions are suggested for the normalization of the eigenvectors. A number of useful results relating the system matrices and the eigensolutions have been established. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the derived results.


This article introduced preparations、configurations、functions and toxicity of hydroxypropyl- cyclodextrins,characterized forms of the inclusions between hydroxypropycyclodextrins and guest molecules,releases of guest molecules from the complexs,reviewed their applications in food、 medicine、agriculture industry,and viewed the future frends.


The notion of graded independence of random variables is examined and the graded R-transform, which linearizes addition of graded independent random variables, is studied. Results of Mingo and Nica are generalized from the context of Z 2 -graded noncommutative probability spaces to that of Z n -graded noncommutative probability spaces.


MicroSat Systems, Inc. (MSI) has recently been challenged by new programs to radically streamline the development process for spacecraft, reducing a traditional 2-3 year small satellite development to just 12 months. This type of accelerated schedule can only be accomplished with a drastic reduction in design time to just a few months. In the following paper we present the key methods used to achieve this reduction in design time and contrast them with traditional design methods and milestones. In our discussion we will focus on requirements generation, interface design, and design documentation, especially change control and tracking. Requirements generation takes on a different emphasis when schedule forces a program to use almost exclusively existing components. In these cases existing component capabilities dictate to a large extent what can be accomplished in the mission. Thus, requirements are not so much dictated by the customer as negotiated based on what can be accomplished with the hardware at hand. Interface design is also predicated upon the use of mostly existing hardware and mature payloads. This means that the principle challenge is making hardware choices that require a minimum of modifications to work together and deciding the most efficient place to make those modifications. Often the trade space is skewed toward the fastest solution, not necessarily the most elegant, lowest mass/power or the least expensive. To minimize the documentation burden and allow the engineers to work as fast as possible on finishing the design, a number of compromises are made. Rather than run most changes through a formal change control board, the line engineers are empowered to make changes to their own areas of expertise without needing outside pre-approval as long as their changes don't overstep boundaries into another subsystem. If changes do cross boundaries the systems lead and the leads of the affected areas have to be involved in approving the change. Change documentation is also shortened to a simple spreadsheet log of changes for most items, although formal change paperwork is still used for the more involved, systemic issues. Throughout the design process, the MSI programs employ small, focused teams which cross several organizational boundaries to make truly integrated product development teams. These teams work without regard to organizational origin in their day-to-day activities and are empowered to make decisions in real time. To do this, the team needs to communicate effectively with each member directly rather than work through intermediaries and representatives. Communication is kept informal via e-mail and impromptu teleconferences rather than organized into meeting after meeting.


In order to overcome the difficulty of identifying multiple electromagnetic radiation sources (EMRS) of the same frequency and wideband EMRS, a deep neural network model based on blind source separation (BSS) and deep feature learning network (DFLN) is proposed. To separate the mixed signal of the unknown source number, a new BSS method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and shallow neural network (SNN) is proposed. The spatial spectrum (SS), the number of EMRS, and the mixed matrix are estimated by CNN. The separation matrix is estimated by SNN. To effectively identify unknown wideband EMRS, a DFLN based on multiple feature representation learning (MFRL) and similarity metrics (SM) is proposed. The multiple feature representation of EMRS is obtained by two of the same CNNs, and the deep feature representation (DFR) is learned by SM. The classification layer is improved to identify unknown EMRS. To ensure generalization, both the simulated dataset and the measured dataset are used to train the proposed network. The experiment results show that the average identification accuracy of the proposed method for unknown EMRS reached 98% and about 97% for wideband EMRS.


HICAD (Hypersonic Interactive Combat Aircraft Design) is a GUI-based design tool being developed to facilitate the design of hypersonic cruise vehicle configurations. Analytical techniques and simple mathematical models are used in conjunction with multi-variable optimization to rapidly analyze vehicle concepts and their propulsion system. In this context, a waverider forms the baseline cruise vehicle with a Scramjet and TurboRamjets integrated onto the lower part of the airframe. The TurboRamjet and Scramjet are designed using one-dimensional idealized analysis while the waverider and its wing curve shape is designed using a conical flowfield solution. It is shown that the entire undersurface forms the propulsion system with the forebody behaving as the precompression surface and the afterbody functioning as a nozzle extension. The proper integration of the propulsion systems with the airframe, therefore, is crucial to the success of a hypersonic vehicle. Results are presented for the aerodynamic performance including the design of a two-dimensional nozzle, along with the optimization methodology used to generate liftto-drag maximized vehicle configurations. 1 Overview and Introduction The speed and range offered by hypersonic cruise vehicles are two fundamental advantages for both military and civilian operations. Potential applications using hypersonic technology, include horizontal takeoff and landing reusable launch vehicles (RLV) for flexible and affordable accessto-space, space tourism as well as military global reach and rapid response vehicles. The focus for the present study is on endoatmospheric longrange cruise vehicles for military payload delivery. These vehicles will use airbreathing engines to maximize propulsive efficiency and be capable of horizontal takeoff and landing from conventional runways. The lack of baseline vehicles such as flying prototypes or any relevant practical design experience have challenged the development of such aircraft, together with uncertainties associated with hypersonic aerothermodynamics, innovative propulsion systems, optimized airframe / engine integration, high development costs, etc. The key enabling technology is widely considered to be advanced airbreathing propulsion systems that offer high efficiencies and easy integration with a suitable airframe. This requires a precise configuration definition. A recent successful application was demonstrated by NASA's Scramjet-integrated X-43A research vehicle that achieved sustained hypersonic cruise using hydrogen fuel [1]. A rich parameter set and design options for hypersonic cruise vehicles range from high specific impulse propulsion selection (airbreathing or rocket engine), reusability, takeoff /landing options, high temperature materials and fuel selection, safety and control technology. It is the task of the designer to find the optimum combination of these variables eventually leading to affordable and flexible design solutions for a given set of requirements [2].


A real time algorithm for cardiac and respiratory gating, which only requires an ECG sensor, is proposed here. Three ECG electrodes are placed in such a manner that the modulation of the recorded ECG by the respiratory signal would be maximal; hence, given only one signal we can achieve both cardiac and respiratory MRI gating. First, an off-line learning phase based on wavelet decomposition is run to compute an optimal QRS filter. Afterwards, on one hand the QRS filter is used to accomplish R peak detection, and on the other, a low pass filtering process allows the retrieval of the respiration cycle so that the image acquisition sequences would be triggered by the R peaks only during the expiration phase.


Comparative analysis of dry sliding wear behavior of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films and NCD films coated with a thin Al2O3 layer (Al2O3/NCD) is the main goal of the present study. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) methods were used to prepare the NCD and alumina films, respectively. Sliding wear tests were conducted at room temperature (RT), 300 and 450 °C in air. Independent of type of specimen, superlubricating behavior with the coefficient of friction (COF) in the range of 0.004‒0.04 was found for the tests at 300 °C. However, the COF value measured on the Al2O3/NCD films in the tests at 450 °C is lower than that for the NCD film. A relatively short run-in period and a stable COF value of about 0.15 were observed at this temperature for the Al2O3/NCD films. The width of the wear scars measured on the Al2O3/NCD films after the tests at 450 °C is significantly smaller in comparison with the NCD film. The apparent wear volume of the wear scar on the NCD film tested at 450 °C was noticeably higher than that on the Al2O3/NCD films.


Worldwide, innovation in education is highly perceived as an effectual approach to promote awareness for sustainability. International organizations interested in education, research and training support projects seeking modernization of Higher Education (HE) and put much emphasis on developing new curricula, teaching methods or materials to respond to current needs. Building ties and promoting cooperation between institutions around the world through Universities and academic arenas are central in innovative educational approaches. This paper reflects on one of such projects; the Center for Natural Resources and Development (CNRD) which aims at supporting achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 7. Eleven University faculties in Brazil, Chile, Egypt, Germany, Indonesia, Jordan, Mexico, Mozambique, Nepal, and Vietnam form part of the CNRD, covering natural, engineering, and social sciences disciplines. To develop solutions for one of the most pressing problems of today; creating sustainable cities, students, teachers and researchers work together in a trans-disciplinary approach. The paper principally deals with the question of how international research and education networks can narrow the distance between countries and promote awareness of sustainability. It discusses approaches in joint education, using modern media and e-learning activities and their contribution to raise awareness of sustainability among young researchers.


In the process of design, anaircraft to know the performance and stability requires testing in a wind tunnel.Similarly, the selection of engines for aircraft design embedded on conducted tests in a wind tunnel model air intake with some variation of the angle of attack.This paper examines the effect ofthe high angle of attack alpha testing aircraft air intake with a position of beta 0° on the subsonic regime with wind speeds of 65 ms-1.  Combat aircraft flying with an unexpected manoeuvre to avoidenemy attack nor did defence against missiles.Often the aircraft must fly to the position of a very high angle of attack.The theoretical value of the Pressure Recovery is approaching one in order to make the machine pinned can work optimally.Experimental observations of Pressure Recovery plotted against the variation of the angle of attack alpha.The observations show the performance design of aircraft engine inlet on the angle of attack alpha large can still give adequate pressure recovery.


Hollow fiber ultrafilters have been used to isolate natural humic and fulvic acids from surface waters. The materials were then characterized as to the associated metals and radionuclides. In most cases, the fulvic acids in the smallest size ranges were determined to be the most active binding agents of inorganic pollutants.


Increasing the illumination efficiency of underground parking is challenging mainly because traditional control strategies have limited applicability to this type of spaces. LED illumination is making its way into underground parking due to their greater lighting efficiency. However, LEDs bring along new control possibilities that are yet to be explored and can further increase the energetic efficiency of underground parking. In this paper we address this problem and propose new illumination control strategies that leverage the unique features of LEDs and take into account the specificity of parkings and their usage patterns.


The purpose of this study was to inquire how social workers perceive and describe financial abuse of older persons. Six qualitative interviews were carried out and the assembled data was then categ ...


This paperanalyses the latest database of CNNIC,and consequently,it points out the status quo of digital divide in our country.At last,it puts forward the countermeasure to overcome digital divide on order to realize barrier-free information acquisition.


Transportation takes a considerable and increasing fraction of the energy use worldwide, and more than half the oil consumption. By far the largest part is used by cars powered by internal combustion engines. The advantage of using internal combustion engines is that the energy density of liquid fuels is extremely high. The disadvantage is that gasoline and diesel engines have a poor performance: 20 to 25% only. How does this compare with electric cars? What are the alternative transportation systems and their efficiencies anyway? In this lecture we analyse the efficiency of various transport systems, using elementary physics principles. We will look at cars, buses, trains and TGVs, ships and aircraft. In addition, the efficiency of human powered vehicles will be considered. New and promising developments in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems, like Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control, are also discussed.


POND SECRETS: REFLECTIONS FOR THOUGHT AND VIRTUE September, 1997 Franco Carnelli, B.A., Temple University M.A., University of Massachusetts Boston Directed by Professor John R. Murray Pond Secrets is an original play designed to create a context for motivating children to learn and practice critical thinking in its strongest sense through reflective dialogue and improvisational drama. The story's design, content, and suggested methodology are theoretically consistent with Brain-based learning theory, which asserts that memorable learning occurs when children can integrate concepts, emotions, and values in a meaningful context and environment. Using a mythical setting and features of classical literature, Pond Secrets invites children to join the animals of Pond as they gather to examine their thinking and affirm the meaning of friendship, citizenship, and justice. Not settling on any one definition of critical thinking, Pond Secrets reflects a synthesis of expert descriptions that advances the following modified definition: Critical thinking is used to make decisions, form beliefs, solve problems, and learn new concepts. It is a dialogical questioning process that uses reasonable and imaginative reflection. Additionally, it is a purposive and disciplined process that relies on criteria, is selfcorrecting, and is sensitive to context. In its strongest sense, critical thinking is fairminded and caring. Moreover, Pond Secrets targets the following critical thinking skills


In dealing with people in Italian companies, I found that a very simple statistical model is often perceived (and paid . . . ) better than a very sophisticated one. My industrial counterparts, in general brilliant in their fields, were quite scared when seeing stochastic processes but they felt very comfortable when presented with a control chart or, even, a simple Gaussian model with normal-inverse gamma prior. I think we have the duty of promoting the use of sound statistical methods not only in very advanced fields (e.g. genomics), where we could have the "pleasure" of producing sophisticated models and contributing to important findings, but also in less "noble" fields, like industrial processes and businesses, where our work, even with simple models, could have an impact on our daily life, like having more reliable products, savings in production, major customer satisfaction. And of course, as you will see later, the contributions we provide go well beyond industry and business. As Bayesians, we have problems in convincing practitioners to use our methods; the most common criticism is the "usual" one: the arbitrariness introduced when considering a prior distribution. I do not need to convince you that we can tackle this problem, although elicitation in the real world with real people is more complex than in textbooks (and in some papers . . . ). For those reasons, I decided to stimulate your thinking by presenting a series of simple models which have been applied with success in many fields. I contacted many ISBA members (sorry, if you were not among them!) and I was expecting very few answers (people are usually overwhelmed by their work) but, at my surprise, I got more than 50 examples (and even more answers, including people who are not working on "simple models"). Some answers remembered very well known simple applications, like the use of Bayes' theorem in diagnostic testing and Bayesian models for rare events like nuclear accidents, but I had the chance of learn also about unexpected applications of Bayesian statistics, like in the recovery of the flight recorders of the 2009 Air France disaster when "Bayesian search theory" was used. I am sorry I cannot thank all the contributors here since my column is already very long (and I apologise, with both authors and readers, for shortening the contributions, with the risk of imprecision of which I am the only responsible). Since some people could not disclose classified details, I decided to remove as much as possible any reference to people and companies. . . . Continued on page 2.


The National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) has traditionally deployed three core mooring types in its Weather Buoy Program. These consist of an all-chain mooring, semi-taut mooring, and an inverse-catenary mooring. The all-chain moorings are comprised completely of chain and form a catenary in the water column. These moorings are used in shallow water only, due to the weight of the chain on the buoy, and derive their compliance from the access chain. The inverse-catenary moorings are comprised almost entirely of synthetic line with a buoyant section in the middle mooring to produce an "S" shape in the water column. The buoyant section is created using either a buoyant line such as polypropylene or through the use of mooring floats. These moorings derive their compliance from the excess line that forms the "S" shape and are used exclusively in deep water. The semi-taut moorings are similar to all-chain moorings in composition but use a section of nylon line in the middle mooring to reduce the dead weight of the mooring. These moorings are used in moderate depths. In 2004, NDBC conducted a study of the previous six years of mooring failures from these configurations (a total of 75) and determined that the majority of the known modes of failure could be distilled into three main categories; cyclic fatigue of connection hardware, chafe zone erosion, and fish bite/vandalism. From this information, a design effort was conducted to eliminate or mitigate these failures to improve overall network mooring performance. The result has been termed a low-load compliant mooring. The performance of this mooring is similar in a hydrodynamic manner to a traditional inverse-catenary mooring but with the capability to be deployed in all but the most shallow locations. The preliminary mooring model analysis indicated that the mooring loads would be significantly less than existing configurations, which would have a major impact on cyclic fatigue along with the selection of synthetic connection hardware. The chafe zone was completely removed via the design, and the fish-bite problem was mitigated through the design of a fish-bite-resistant line. Since the initial design, 32 stations have converted to the low load compliant design with only three failures to date, all which have been attributed to vandalism. This paper will discuss the design and modeling details more thoroughly and provide performance data for the deployed moorings, including observed sea conditions.


The article provides a brief overview of the publications, as well as our own memories about the doctor of geological and mineral  sciences, Academician Petro Feodosiiovych Gozhyk — scientist, researcher that had state- and strategic level thinking, about  his contribution to the development of marine geological works in the Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy  of Sciences of Ukraine, his role in the creation of the Ukrainian Antarctic Center (nowadays the National Antarctic Research  Center of The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) and the importance of his personality for the formation of Ukraine as  «Antarctic State». P.F. Gozhyk was not only one of the initiators of the Center for Antarctic Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, but also its first director, the developer of long-term polar research programs at the station «Academician  Vernadsky». His scientific interests were focused on a wide range of subjects, and marine geology was among his scientific priorities. Academician P. F. Gozhyk was an organizer and participant of many round-the-world sea and ocean expeditions to  the Indian, Atlantic and Southern oceans, the Red and Black Seas.  The main publications of P. F. Gozhyk on «geology of the seas and oceans» and «geological studies of Antarctica» are listed in the article.


Today, as LSI devices are increasingly more integrated resulting in larger number of package pins, high speed signal lines are more easily coupled to each other. Additionally, since multisite testing is required to reduce the cost of test, the transmission lines connecting these pins become even more concentrated. To measure these LSI devices, a huge number of high-speed transmission lines are required in the test board. Therefore minimizing crosstalk is very important. Furthermore, since the number of channels have reached more than ten thousand in recent evaluation systems, it is strongly required that the crosstalk from all channels be measured. With so many channels, measuring crosstalk with traditional methods will at best be very time-consuming or at worse, completely impractical, as it requires either a large number of pulse generators or physical reconnections depending on measurement type. In this paper, we propose a very fast and low cost crosstalk measurement method, which can acquire results very quickly and with high frequency resolution. Only a single measurement makes it possible to evaluate the crosstalk over a wide frequency band without the repetition of manually measuring at each frequency. This method is highly beneficial to the automatic test equipment (ATE) environment with high density transmission lines on the performance boards or load boards.


In the indoor swimming pools, due to the presence of people with different individual characteristics, it is important to design an air conditioning system which can provide thermal comfort conditions for the occupants. Since the differences in the persons' individual parameters such as gender and body composition, it is required to study the effect of these parameters on the thermal comfort in swimming pools. On the other hand, the location of the air inlet diffuser is one of the effective factors affecting the thermal comfort conditions. In this study, by using the individual 3-node thermal comfort model, the effect of individual parameters on the thermal sensation of people in an indoor swimming pool has been evaluated. The results show that women are more sensitive than men to the cold conditions. In addition, it can be seen that BMI has a significant impact on people thermal sensation. So, thin people are colder thermal sensation than those with healthy physical fitness, and overweight people have a warmer sensation. Based on the results, with the change in body mass index, the index of the thermal sensation can change up to 0.4 units. This is very important in the evaluation of thermal comfort. Review History: Received: 27 May 2017 Revised: 28 June 2017 Accepted: 6 September 2017 Available Online: 11 September 2017


In the present study, the myofibril regeneration in the long-term cultured fish cardiomyocytes was studied with immunocytochemistry. Adult Tilapia heart was dissociated into a single-cell suspension with collagenase and protease-minced tissue method. The culture medium was Eagle's minimal essential medium (MEM) with Earle's salts, supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1 x nonessential amino acid mixture, 100 IU/ml penicillin G, and 100 μg/ml streptomycin. The cultured cells were grown in a humidified CO2 incubator at 28°Cand in a medium without glutamine for eliminating fibroblast contamination. In the initial 24 h culture, the elongated-shape cells gradually shortened from their both ends and rounded up. Over 5 to 6 days postcultivation, the cells attached to the bottom of the culture flask and began to protrude pseudopodia. The cells could not be subcultured and also proliferated indefinitely. The life span of cells in culture was 30 to 60 days.