Objective
 In contrast to solid organ transplantation, ABO blood group incompatibility was acceptable in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, reports of the effect of donor-recipient ABO incompatibility on long-time survival, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and relapse after allo-HSCT were controversial. Relatively few reports existed on the effects of ABO incompatibility after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of major ABO incompatibility on RBC transfusion burden, hematologic recovery, GVHD, transplant-related mortality (TRM), relapse, and overall survival (OS) in UCBT for malignant disease.
 Methods
 This retrospective study included 587 malignant hematonosis patients who received myeloablative single-unit unrelated donor UCBT at our center between May 2008 and June 2018. Median follow-up time of the patients alive was 40.7 months (range: 12.0-134.6 months). A total of 230 (39.2%) patients received an ABO-identical transplant, and 357 (60.8%) received ABO-mismatched transplants, including 161 (27.4%) minor, 141 (24.0%) major, and 55 (9.4%) bidirectional ABO-incompatible UCBTs. All patients received myeloablative conditioning regimens and cyclosporine A (CsA) combined with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as a GVHD prophylaxis.
 Results
 A comparison of ABO compatibility and incompatibility demonstrated no significant differences (P>0.05) in the cumulative incidence of neutrophil, platelet, and red blood cell engraftment . There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of grades Ⅱ to Ⅳ aGVHD (P= .527) and Ⅲ to Ⅳ aGVHD (P= .949) among the 4 groups (Figure A , B). In univariate analysis, ABO blood group incompatibility was not associated with cumulative incidence of 180d TRM (Figure C, P= .602). The overall 3-year survival had no statistically significant differences among the 4 groups (Figure D; P= .384). Further, 11 patients were excluded from the analysis of post-UCBT RBC transfusion burden because of missing data and non-red blood cell engraftment. Of the remaining 576 patients, the median number of RBC transfusions during transplant days 0 to 60 was 4 (range, 0 to 106). There was no significant difference in the transfusion burden among all ABO blood type mismatch groups (Table 1, P = .069). Furthermore, none of the patients developed pure red aplastic anemia (PRCA) after UCBT.
 Conclusion
 The results showed that ABO blood group incompatibility had no significant impact on hematologic engraftment, the occurrence of GVHD, and the survival of malignant hemoblastosis. Patients with myeloablative single-unit UCBT may not develop PRCA; Donor-recipient ABO incompatibility may not be the major consideration in the selection of umbilical cord blood.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This paper presents a framework for automatically processing information coming from community Question Answering (cQA) portals with the purpose of generating a trustful, complete, relevant and succinct summary in response to a question. We exploit the metadata intrinsically present in User Generated Content (UGC) to bias automatic multi-document summarization techniques toward high quality information. We adopt a representation of concepts alternative to n-grams and propose two concept-scoring functions based on semantic overlap. Experimental results on data drawn from Yahoo! Answers demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of ROUGE scores. We show that the information contained in the best answers voted by users of cQA portals can be successfully complemented by our method.


The present invention includes in order to produce a crosslinked article, a method of using a polymer composition comprising ethylene polymer, the crosslinked polymer compositions comprising methods and cross-linked ethylene polymer to produce a crosslinked article on cross-linked article. .BACKGROUND


The effects of contact time,pH in solution,initial metal concentration,ionic strength and competition among the ions on adsorption of Pb2+,Cd2+,Ni2+ and Cu2+ by kaolin were discussed.The results showed that the ions adsorbed by kaolin were primarily affected by pH,initial concentration,ionic strength and the coexistence of ions.Pb2+ was adsorbed easiest than the others which followed the order: Pb2+ Cd2+ Ni2+ Cu2+.The adsorption isotherms of all four heavy metal ions accorded with the model of Freundlich,which testified that the ions were adsorbed to the single molecule layer of kaolin.The de-sorption amount of Pb2+,Cd2+,Ni2+,Cu2+ followed the order: Pb2+Ni2+Cu2+Cd2+.


A technique has been developed to detect very small amplitude fluctuations of concentration or temperature in aqueous electrolytic solutions. A platinized single-electrode conductivity probe is made one arm of an A.C. Wheatstone bridge, whose unbalance is then proportional to the incremental change of conductivity at the probe tip. A discussion of the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the probe and circuitry is given. This technique should have useful applications in oceanographic measurements of salinity or temperature, measurements of statistical parameters useful in the description of diffusion-controlled reactions in liquid-phase chemical reactors, and also the pure mixing of ionic materials and temperature.


PURPOSE: To obtain wide-pore aluminophosphate molecular sieves by hydrothermally treating a gel-like reactive mixture to be raw material to which a specific phosphorus compound is added at a prescribed temperature. CONSTITUTION: A silicate source (e.g. silicate sol) of low alkaline or a low alkaline compound of an element (M) other than Si out of components selected from the group IV of the periodic table of elements is added to water-containing aluminium oxide (e.g. aluminium hydroxide gel) at the rate of Al 2 O 3 :MO 2 =1:0 to 5 (mole rate). A phosphorus compound (e.g. polyphosphoric acid having 8 average chain length) having a POP constitutional radical is added to the mixture at the rate of Al 2 O 3 :P 2 O 5 =1:0.5 to 2.6 (mole rate), and water is added to the mixture to settle a solid content to about 4.5 mass %. Then a crystallization assistant having a specific spacing of lattice planes or X-ray amorphous nucleation gel is added to the mixture to homogenize it. The homogenized mixture is hydrothermally crystallized in an autoclave at 95 to 300°C for 2 to 150 hours to obtain crystalline aluminophosphate molecular sieve having microporous cavity structure in which the diameter of a pore is ≥0.8 nm. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


For lawyers representing asylum seekers, a narrative told in the first person is the central evidence in the case. That affidavit, like an opening statement, creates a lasting first impression that previews the facts, establishes the case theory, introduces the client, and sets the stage for all subsequent proceedings. Despite the crucial, recurrent, if unheralded, role of the personal statement in legal practice, it receives little or no attention in legal writing texts. Although materials written by asylum law advocates and immigration lawyers are slightly more helpful, largely because they understand and address the specific needs of these cases, few offer much more than general guidance about how to draft an affidavit. The usual fall-back is an exemplar. The dearth of written materials authored by legal writing experts available to assign students to teach them the skill and the rhetoric of affidavit-drafting is especially frustrating in a clinic where this document plays such a leading role in the advocacy. This essay attempts to fill this void in legal writing texts and to amplify the usually wise, but often too superficial advice of asylum advocates. After introducing briefly the asylum process and the role of the affidavit in it, and reviewing certain theories of writing, I offer a model for teaching affidavit drafting in this admittedly rarified and even idiosyncratic practice area.


China is a country with one of the most disaster losses in the world. In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation of disaster losses in China was carried out based on the TOPSIS model of entropy weight. Then, linear and nonlinear models were established, and the relationship between economic growth and disaster losses was analyzed using the ARDL model, which included energy consumption and fixed asset investments. The results showed a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between disaster losses and economic growth; that is, smaller disaster losses helped increase economic growth, but larger disaster losses inhibited economic growth. In the long run, the increase in fossil energy consumption and new energy consumption promoted economic growth, but the role of fossil energy was more significant than that of new energy. We also found that fixed asset investment had a negative effect on economic growth.


In order to reduce the wiring maintenance costs of the remote meter reading system,a kind of meter reading system based on the wireless ad-hoc network was proposed in this paper. And the structure and working principle of the system was given. Through the on-demand routing,to realized the ad-hoc network formed by nodes in the network and wireless collector. By the management software running in the data center server,the routing table information can be modified and checked randomly,providing managers with the flexible networking scheme. The characteristics of the system were simple structure,high reliability and low cost,so it has good prospects for development.


Reservoir characterization is a reservoir of the parameters of three-dimensional quantitative characterization,establishing three-dimensional geological mode of the reflecting reservoir structure,sedimentation,fluid reservoir characteristics.The development of computer technology provides multi-disciplinary integrated reservoir characterization the best tools and powerful means.Foreign commercial software in this area is plenty;the country will also develop a number of the software.The common feature of these software can be integrated with seismic,drilling,logging and geological research in a variety of data,reservoir characterization,three-dimensional geological model,and are able to two-dimensional and three-dimensional display such as a variety of ways in which the various kinds of dynamic and static parameters of the distribution.Countries are now engaged in the development of an integrated multi-functional integrated 3D reservoir characterization software,it has a variety of interpolation methods(in particular,stochastic modeling algorithms),forecasting ability,give full consideration to the experience of experts and a variety of geological constraints,functional Powerful.


In this paper, we obtain some applications of the theory of differential subordination and superordination results involving the operator J s,b and other linear operators for certain normalized p-valent analytic functions associated with that operator.


It was recently demonstrated that hopped spectral gaps can be incorporated into a physically realizable form of FM noise radar emission. Here it is shown using experimental loopback measurements how OFDM communications can be embedded into these spectral gaps and, by virtue of proper spectral shaping, realize a composite emission with low autocorrelation sidelobes. The impact of tandem hopping of the radar spectral gap and embedded communication signal is evaluated. An example of a spectrally shaped OFDM emission for use in a notional commensal radar setting is also presented.


This study researched the perceptions of 800 consumers on the actual weight-based price system of chicken and the current pricing system based on the weight of chiken packaging. As a research result, 70.3% of consumers did not know the price discrimination of the current pricing system. After recognizing price discrimination, 57.8% of consumers said they would try to earn heavier chicken weight. Consumers who expect not only to disadvantageous chicken price discrimination but also to favorable chicken price discrimination rated the fairness of the actual weight-based price system more fair than consumers who said no price discrimination. The higher the fairness of the actual weight-based price system, the higher the willingness to buy chickens on the actual weight-based price system. Reflecting the consumer''s will, the government should mediate the interests of broiler chains and retailers and help them introduce a reasonable chicken trading system.


The at-close-range transmission of pine wilt disease was caused by natural expansion of Monochamus alternatus.A piece of pine forest in the center of endemic areas was protected by cleaning up dead pine trees and chemical control in the experiment.The result demonstrated that pine wilt disease could be controlled by effective protection means such as apropriate preventions after manual clearance.


Introduction
Anxiety before surgery can have a different effect on children and their families and affect the treatment process. Previous studies have shown that the use of non-medical techniques (watching cartoons and playing) has a beneficial effect on children's anxiety in comparison with pharmacological methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of two methods of playing and watching cartoons on reduction of child anxiety immediately before the onset of anesthesia.
Methods
A semi-experimental study was conducted on three groups (cartoon watching, playing and control) in 90 children aged 3 to 6 years old who were candidates for Tansilectomy (30 patients each) at Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Birjand during the winter of 2013. The data were analyzed by Yale Anxiety Inventory before and after the intervention and analyzed by t-test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Tukey and analysis of variance by descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results
The mean of anxiety of the subjects before intervention was not significant in different groups (P = 0.7) but after intervention (immediately before anesthesia), it was significant (P = 0.02). The mean of anxiety before and after intervention in the play group was P = 0.03, Cartoon, P = 0.0001 and control P = 0.1 respectively. Tukey's post hoc test for the difference between the groups indicated that the mean of anxiety was significantly lower in the cartoon group (P <0.001).
Conclusions
Playing and watching cartoons plays an effective role in controlling the anxiety of children before anesthesia. Therefore, it is recommended that the surgical and operating rooms of the children be provided with the conditions and facilities necessary for the implementation of these procedures.
Keywords:
Play , Anxiety , Children , Cartoons , Tonsillectomy , Operating Room


TiNb2O7 (TNO) compound has been pursued tremendously due to its high theoretical capacity, high potential, and excellent cycle stability. Unfortunately, an intrinsic low electronic and ionic conductivity feature has restricted its broad applications in electrochemical energy storage fields. Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures can effectively shorten Li-ion transport path and enhance charge transfer. Here, hierarchical structure TNO was constructed by using ethanol and acetic acid as particularly important organic chemicals of basic raw materials via a simple solvothermal reaction. Ethanol was found to play a critical role in the formation of 2D sheet structure. Meantime, reduced graphene oxide nanosheets can effectively improve electronic conductivity. As-obtained TiNb2O7 were wrapped further by graphene oxide nanosheets through a flocculation process. Their unique structure is beneficial to the final electrochemical performance. This study not only provides a general approach for the design of novel 2D nanomaterials wrapped by graphene because of the advantage of esterification reaction and flocculation reaction, but also improves the electronic and ionic conductivity simultaneously.


Vertical coseisimic deformation near seismogenic fault provides meaningful information for understanding of rupture characteristics of the seismogenic fault and focal mechanism. Taking Wenchuan thrust earthquake for an example, we interpolate GPS horizontal observed deformation using Biharmonic spline interpolation and derive them into East-Westward or North-Southward deformation field. We first use reliable GPS observed value to correct InSAR reference point and to unify both GPS and InSAR coordinate frame, and then obtain a continuous vertical deformation field by combined calculation of GPS and InSAR LOS deformation field. The results show that the vertical deformation of both hanging wall and foot wall of the fault decreases rapidly, with deformation greater than 30cm within 50km across the fault zone. The uneven distribution of the vertical deformation has some peak values at near fault, mainly distributed at the southern section (Yingxiu), the middle (Beichuan) and the northern end (Qingchuan) of the seismogenic fault.


The role of impurities is considered in nonpotential drift oscillations and in perturbations of g-mode and Suydam-Mercier types, occurring in axisymmetric circular cross-section Tokamaks. The following three regimes are discussed: (1) the hydrodynamic regime (both main and impurity ions are hydrodynamic), (2) the mixed regime (main ions are of kinetic, impurity ions are of hydrodynamic type), (3) the kinetic regime (both types of ions are kinetic). It has been established that in a number of limiting cases the impurities play the role of a stabilizing factor.


The paradoxes of Robinets materialism. ; Robinet's De la Nature was often interpreted, on its publication in 1761, as a materialistic and Spinozist text, which was difficult to reconcile with the author's frequent insistence on a divine transcendence irreducible to nature. The anonymous Petit extrait d'un gros livre (1762) on which Robinet may have collaborated, while claiming to refute "materialistic errors" gives a concise summary of Robinet's theses which reinforce his arguments. This article analyses two important aspects of Robinet's thought, concerning the passage from sensation to thought and that from inert to living matter. We discuss the thesis of the specific moral fibre, similar to any other sensitive fibre, which unites the physiological and the moral, and the paradoxical thesis of universal vitality, key to the whole system, based on the notion of indestructible preexisting germs, which shows Robinet turning to the Leibnizian principle of continuity rather than to Spinozism.


To understand the molecular basis of heterosis, modified differential display of mRNA was used to characterize the difference in gene expression between reciprocal cross-fertilized kernels and their parents seeds at 2, 6 and 12 days after pollination (DAP) by using 3 wheat hybrids with different level of heterosis.The results indicated that gene expression altered obviously in reciprocal cross-fertilized kernels as compared to their parents.The patterns of differential expression included:(1) Gene specifically expressed in cross-fertilized kernels but not in both parents; (2) Gene expressed in both parents but not in the cross-fertilized kernels and gene expressed in only one parents but not in the reciprocal cross-fertilized kernels; (3) Gene Identically expressed with one parent.The further analysis showed that higher percentage of sliencing expressed cDNA and lower percentage of identically expressed cDNA were observed in highly heterotic hybrid, which might be responsible for the observed heterosis.


Objective: evaluate the use of licit and illicit drugs by college students, and to investigate its association with sociodemographic variables. Method: this is a cross-sectional study, with 429 adults, 18-24 years, answered a questionnaire sociodemographic and Involvement Screening Test with Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Matter. Used to descriptive statistics and chi-square in Fisher. Results: the most used drug was the alcohol, followed by tobacco and hypnotics/ sedatives. The male was associated with greater use of drugs such as tobacco and marijuana consumption and a suggestive abuse to alcohol. Conclusion: it is concluded that alcohol prevails as the most widely used substance, that being male and do not have a religion, live away from their parents or relatives are factors that can influence the use and abuse legal and illegal.


Although the COVID-19 pandemic has brought much of U.S. society to a grinding halt, its impact on the occurrence of mass shootings is largely unknown. Using data from the Gun Violence Archive and an interrupted time-series design, we analyzed weekly counts of mass shootings in the U.S. from 2019 through 2021. Results show that total, private, and public mass shootings increased following the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency in March of 2020. We consider these findings in the context of their broader implications for prevention efforts as well as how they pave the way for future research.


A gamma voltage generation unit is discussed which includes: a voltage booster to boost a first maximum reference voltage into at least one second maximum reference voltage; a mode selector configured to select one of the maximum reference voltage and the at least one second maximum reference voltage as a selected maximum reference voltage; and a plurality of gamma voltage adjusters. The selected maximum reference voltage selected by the mode selector is provided as a 255th gray-scale gamma voltage. A first gamma voltage adjuster among the gamma voltage adjusters can generate the 255th gray-scale gamma voltage and another gray-scale gamma voltage based on the selected maximum reference voltage. The remaining gamma voltage adjusters are connected to one another in a cascade.


Finding an expert fuzzy model for glucose-insulin system seems to be essential because this model is always changeable according to parameters such as body weight, individual age, time and numbers of meals, physical activities, and etc. In this paper we try to obtain a fuzzy model for diabetes mellitus. At first a certain diet is introduced and then the amount of carbohydrate in each meal is calculated, then by introduced diet the amount of blood glucose and insulin as outputs of diabetes mellitus system are determined. Although there are some models about glucose-insulin system but in this paper we use automated method, RLS (Recursive Least Squares) algoritm, in order to find a fuzzy relation between inputs and outputs of system for producing a fuzzy model of glucose-insulin system. At last the performance of obtained model with regard to the same inputs is compared with responses of 21st order metabolic model of Sorensen.


A company needs a system to conduct the process of analyzing data in order to support decision maker takes the best decision. Data warehousing system as one solution can accommodate that need. The system has been accepted as a key which enables company or organizations to improve their abilities in the da ta analysis, the decision support for managerial, and the automatic extraction of knowledge. With the developing of information included in the decision making process, the considered data become more complex, in both structure and semantics. The aim o f this research is to identify the classification t echnical and non-technical factors on data warehouse implementation to help the management decide what to be prepared for the company if they want to develop da ta warehouse project. It also explores on how to integrate the data warehouse system into strategic business process. The study results show that the successful implementation of data warehouse influenced by how the company aware about technical and non-technical factor when implemented the project.


The growth of "sweeps"--a banking practice in which depository institutions shift funds out of customer accounts subject to reserve requirements--has reduced the required balances held by banks in their accounts at the Federal Reserve. This development could lead to greater volatility in the federal funds rate as banks try to manage their accounts with very low balances. An analysis of the evidence suggests that the volatility of the funds rate is rising slightly, but not enough to disrupt the federal funds market or affect the implementation of monetary policy.


This paper considers a problem of understanding deformation motion of colloidal nanosheets from a set of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images corrupted by noises. First, we present a robust method for detecting nanosheet objects from noisy CLSM images by introducing the deep learning-based approach. Then, we develop a method for understanding motions of nanosheet objects in colloid liquid. Such a method is constituted by introducing the idea of the so-called gradient-based feature descriptor, in which the local and global deformation motions are effectively visualized. The performance is demonstrated by some experimental studies.


The metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) and significance of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of asthma are presented in this article. The effect of a diet containing eicosapentaenoic acid in the treatment of a variety of diseases is discussed as well.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise-induced fatigue and blocked vision on postural control during upright stance in elderly women. The study population included 22 women who were aged over 65 years, had no sustained orthopedic damage within the last 6 months, and had been randomly recruited. The results were analyzed with respect to the mediolateral and anteroposterior factors for the center of pressure. The exercise-induced fatigue and the absence of visual information increased the anteroposterior and mediolateral velocity for center of pressure. This means that the elderly women could control their posture through many sways. In conclusion, the exercise-induced fatigue and the blocked vision decreased ability of the postural control in elderly women. Further research on the change of postural control in relation to the types of exercise-induced fatigue and the levels of muscular fatigue is expected.


The spread of drug resistant microbes is a global public health challenge which impairs the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and causes substantial increase in morbidity and mortality rates, including healthcare-associated costs. Monitoring of antimicrobial drug resistance from documented microbial epidemiology & resistance rate is useful in preventing the emergence of resistance. This study reports on the pattern of bacterial resistance against ceftriaxone in the past 4 years. The data were obtained from specimens examined in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia from 2002 to 2005. Microbial species were determined from culture and identification tests. Disc diffusion method was used for sensitivity testing of ceftriaxone to 14 Gram-negative and 7 Gram-positive bacteria. Although resistance rates were increased from 2002 to 2005, resistance rates of ceftriaxone were found to be less than 50%. Low resistance rates (< 3%) were observed for Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These results could be useful in developing guidelines on the use of ceftriaxone in Indonesia. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:3-6)


To which school Spring and Autumn of the Lu Clan belongs is the base of carrying out the study of its thoughts and philosophy,which has always caused controversy.This question should be answered not from the narrowperspective of a certain school,but from the perspective of academic integration. Spring and Autumn of the Lu Clan is a consummate work of YellowEmperor School. There are four reasons for this conclusion: firstly,it shares the same ideological system and basic thoughts with YellowEmperor School. Secondly,from the perspective of ideological views,it carries on the development trend of thoughts of YellowEmperor School. Thirdly,from the perspective of integration of ideological factors of various schools,it carries on the development trend of YellowEmperor School. Fourthly,it raises the banner of"YellowEmperor",and inherits many words from works of YellowEmperor School.


The present invention relates to a method for producing films and their. Film of the present invention comprises at least three layers of at least two outer layers located one inner opposite surfaces of the inner layer. In one embodiment, the composition the inner layer is formed from a composition comprising an ethylene copolymer or propylene copolymer, and at least one outer layer comprising one or more propylene copolymer It is formed from the object. The present invention also provides articles formed from the film of the present invention also addresses a method of producing them.


Using morphological and mechanical criteria and applying a method involving paired samples that is widely employed in epidemiology, we obtained an excellent prediction of the mechanical behavior of the calf pericardium used in the construction of cardiac bioprostheses. The method of selection employed in this study may be a highly useful tool for guaranteeing the mechanical resistance of calf pericardium, with a very low level of error.


The organophosphorus and dithiocarbamate ligands were used to extract five metal ions (Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn) in supercritical CO2 so as to decontaminate the radioactive contaminants. The experiments confirmed that the ligands mixed together in a variety of the mixing ratios efficiently extracted all metal ions by more than 90% due to its synergistic effect. The UV-Vis spectrometer installed in a high-pressurized cell showed that the NaDDC was decomposed in supercritical CO2 containing the water. It also proved that the synergistic effect improved the deprotonation of the organophosphorus ligand when NaDDC was used together with. In addition, we mixed organophosphorus ligand together with diethylamine, the decomposed NaDDC, to obtain the same extraction result of more than 90% as with NaDDC. The enhanced extraction efficiency shows the synergistic effect that is produced by combining two ligands together.


Mossbauer effects are observed to study phase separation process in the Fe–Co–Al alloy system from the as-quenched state to the A2+B2 phases. The Al-rich and Al-poor sides of the phase boundary and the tie-lines are accurately determined. We analyze a Mossbauer spectrum decomposing it into subspectra corresponding to iron atoms under varieties of environments, supplemented by empirical relations between hyperfine field parameters and the occupation numbers of the nearest neighboring atoms. The results are compared with those by Ackermann (Thesis, Universitat Dortmund, 1988) who also studied the same system by Mossbauer analysis, obtaining the distribution of the internal field by the method of Window (J. Phys. E, Sci. Instrum. 4 (1971) 401).


We demonstrate a convenient technique for determining the temporal response and scattering parameters of a diffusive medium using laser speckle pattern frequency correlations. Experimental results using an external-cavity tunable laser diode are presented. This approach can be extended to provide data for image reconstruction based on a diffusion model.


The analysis of 7834 histories of delivery from the archive of the Perinatal center of the Republican hospital №1, Ministry of Health, the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for 2001 2005 years was carried out. There were studied the frequency of indication to operative delivery and the techniques of cesarean section. Histologic research of 23 postoperative uterine scar, excised during the planed repeated cesarean section, was carried out. The tendency of growth of operative delivery, caused by essential expansion of indications to operation in interests of fetus, is noted. In structure of indications to cesarean section uterine scar takes the first place. The time interval after cesarean section has defining value for maturing a connective tissue and formation of scar of full value.


Resources are the core of manufacturing models. They provide information about the people and equipment that perform activities on the shop floor. Comprehensive representations of equipment are common but human resources are often defined to a very limited extent. This paper presents how work study data can be applied as input to detailed modeling of human manufacturing resources. The purpose is to provide a valid representation of manual work tasks on a shop floor level. If implemented in manufacturing models the valid representation will contribute to improve planning, control and execution of production. It also facilitates and encourages production improvement initiatives. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Professor Pedro Filipe do Carmo Cunha


Background: Distal Tibia fracture is one of the most substantial therapeutic challenges that confronts an orthopaedic
surgeon. Numerous features are responsible for this, but perhaps none are as difficult as the accompanying soft tissue
injury that is frequently present. They are only 1-10% of all lower extremity fractures. Plating has been the conventional
management strategy for such fractures. However, restoration of the osseous anatomy while ignoring the oftentraumatized soft tissue envelope, frequently led to poor postoperative outcomes and high complication rates. This
prompted for more research into the treatment strategies. The conventional plating techniques are thus rapidly being
replaced by low profile Locking Compression Plates (LCP). They give higher degree of stability and provide better
protection against primary and secondary loss of reduction. Since open reduction in lower end tibial fractures often
jeopardizes vascularity of the fracture fragments, minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) is
slowly becoming the best possible option permitting adequate fixation in a biological manner. Materials And
Methods: This is a prospective study for a period of 2 years from 1ST June 2015 to 31st May 2017 done under the
guidance of the ethical committee of the hospital. It includes 36 cases of fractures of lower end tibia in adults. Patients
were evaluated as per the history, mode of injury and clinical findings pre-operatively, duration of surgery, time for
fracture union, complications, and functional outcome post-operatively. Clinical and radiological follow-ups were taken
at intervals of three weeks. OLERUD-MOLANDER scoring system was used to analyse functional outcome at the end of 6
months. According to OLERUD-MOLANDER scoring system, at the end of 6 months, 28 out of 36 patients Results: (78%)
had excellent outcome, 5 (14%) had good results, 1 (3%) patient had fair outcome and 2 (5%) patients had poor results.
The average duration of surgery was 77 minutes. Average time of fracture healing was 12 weeks with three cases of
delayed union i.e., 20 weeks. There were no intra-operative complications. Post-operatively 3 patients had superficial
wound infection and 6 patients had ankle stiffness. The present case series concludes that MIPPO wi Conclusion: th LCP
is an effective treatment modality in terms of union time and complication rate for distal third tibia fractures. The outcome
is evidently better than the open reduction and internal fixation technique with conventional plates.


This chapter considers a small but distinct body of music-themed "trick films" that involve imaginative visualizations of music, sometimes also of the marvels and problems associated with new audio technologies. Exponents of the early "trick film" genre Georges Méliès and Segundo de Chomón saw the potential for film to facilitate both visual and audio-visual tricks, despite the medium's material silence. The chapter suggests that the ubiquity of musical and vocal themes in early films, with sound visually materialized in imaginative ways, may reflect the fact that film-makers were struck by the inherent joke of the audio-visual incongruity created by a silent medium that displayed scenes taking place in a hearing world. These films often focused on new audio technologies, for which the opposite audio-visual relationship was true: sounds (re)produced by audio technologies lacked their visual source. For films involving sound reproduction subjects, there was a double incongruity—and perhaps, double the pleasure.


The mechanism of the halogen‐transfer isomerization of halogenated cyclopentene was investigated over a NH4F catalyst in DMF. This catalytic system was to have the unique ability to isomerize halogenated cyclopentene selectively. The process of migration of the F atom in the 3‐position on the C(sp3) atom to the 4‐position on the C(sp3) atom is in chemical equilibrium, whereas the process of migration of the F atom in the 2‐position on the C(sp2) atom to the 3‐position on the C(sp3) atom is not. Therefore, halogenated cyclopentene containing fluorine on either the C(sp3) or C(sp2) atom could be prepared selectively in terms of the NH4F catalyst.


The model of human occupation has evolved since it was first published. A number of important changes and refinements have been made. These changes reflect research findings, new interdisciplinary theory and insights encountered in practice. This article provides an overview of the current theoretical arguments. These concepts attempt to offer a way of understanding how human occupation is motivated, organised, performed and influenced by the environment. This is followed by a discussion of how occupational therapists can use this framework in their clinical practice.


Boris Zakharovich Vulikh, a well-known Soviet Mathematician, Head of the Department of Mathematical Analysis at the University of Leningrad, died suddenly on 1 September 1978. Vulikh was born in Leningrad on 13 February 1913. His father, Professor Zakhar Zakharovich Vulikh, was also a mathematician. In 1936 Boris graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics of the University of Leningrad and became a research student there; in 1938 he completed his Ph.D. thesis and in 1945 his D.Sc. thesis. Vulikh taught (with interruptions) in the Department of Mathematical Analysis at the Leningrad Teachers' Training Institute for over thirty years, and from 1957 to 1963 he was Head of this department. During 1941 and 1942 he was on active service in the Soviet army, and then he began teaching at military training institutes. From 1947 to 1957 he was in charge of the mathematics department at the Naval Defence Academy, and from 1963 until his death he was Head of the Department of Mathematical Analysis at the University of Leningrad. Vulikh's research interests were fostered during his thirty years at the Leningrad mathematical school of the theory of functions of a real variable and functional analysis. His first papers [1] and [3] which date from his student days, concerned the descriptive theory of functions. However, he soon became completely absorbed by the problems of functional analysis, first in the direction of Banach spaces.and then in the theory of linear ordered spaces, a new trend just being explored by L. V. Kantorovich. His papers [2] , [4] , [6] , [11], and [12], which date from the 30's, lie on the border of these two fields. In them he introduced an interesting new concept of a space with a norm, which is defined not only for individual elements but also for "complexes" of them. This norm on a complex of elements made it possible to describe in classical function spaces types of convergence that differ from convergence in norm but nevertheless play an important role and agree with convergence in ordering. This facilitated the study of some classes of operators in ordered spaces. The same purpose served the construction of a Stieltjes integral for functions with values in a A-space,


Disorder of sexual development-formally known as ambiguous genitalia is not only a medical condition of importance, but is also a social emergency. A through workup is needed of the condition as sex assignment to this baby is very important. The article will focus on how to approach these cases along with their management.


Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the bodily fat percentage between B.B.A., and B.P.Ed. students. Method: For the purpose of this study a total of 40 male subjects (20 B.B.A., and 20 B.P.Ed. students) were selected from Degree College of Physical Education, Amravati, Maharashtra. The mean age of the subjects were 22 years. Bodily fat percentage of the subjects was assessed through skinfold measurement. Four sites i.e., biceps, triceps, supra-illiac and sub-scapular were measured with the help of skinfold calliper. For the assessment of fat percentage tables made by Durenin and Rehman was used. For the analyzing of data, t test was used. Result: It showed that there was a significant difference between B.B.A., and 20 B.P.Ed. students. Conclusions: It is concluded that B.B.A. students (non-professional) have more amount of body fat percentage in comparison of B.P.Ed. (Professional) students.


XUN Zi is an outstanding materialism thinker and famous educationalist in the latter stage of the Warring states. He has proposed some views on the consumption ethics thought: the active consumption view "Excessive frugality will cause the world to be filled with poverty", the appropriate consumption view "thrift and consumption of different levels for proprieties" and the thrifty consumption view "save money to firm the foundation ;rich people to rich the country". These flashing consumption thought views with unique characteristics still have a great significance for reference to us today.


The equipment described illustrates novel principles for the design of systems for performing a sequence of operatioas in a vacuum and/or in controlled atomspheres. It automatically provides an effective barrier to prevent the spread of contamination. It features smail reaction volumes, the use of simple manipulators which require only translation and rotation, and ready adaptability to remote control. These systems have advantages of relatively low cost, simplicity of movements, and easy replacement of components. (auth)


Electronic services or e-services are key concepts in e-Government. The availability and quality of such services are important indicators of e-Government maturity. However, we question whether all types of electronic interactions between citizens and government agencies really are e-services. We rather argue that our understanding of this concept is inadequate, and that our uncritical, inflationary use of "e-services" blurs important differences between unequal categories having distinct quality requirements. It creates problems when developing ontologies and makes it difficult to achieve better interoperability between systems. We thus propose a framework for categorizing electronic communication using some basic functions (service elements). In this way we can describe and model various types of interactions between citizens and public agencies based on a consistent set of these functions. Our point of departure is to examine the specific characteristics of various interactions between the government and citizens (or businesses) in a service delivery. As an illustration of how to use the framework, we describe some of the basic services in the EU e-Government benchmark measurement in terms of our vocabulary.


When women decided that they wanted to compete in horse sports as equals with men, it took courage and perseverance. The women on both sides of the Atlantic who fought to compete in the male-dominated sports of show jumping, dressage, eventing, and racing are the subject of "Equal to the Challenge." Jackie Burke interviewed many of these extraordinary women, and the book is richer for their simple, moving accounts of how they achieved their goals. Many had to endure rejection, humiliation, physical danger, and privation in order to take part in the horse sports they loved. Some women struggled doubly, since they had to overcome physical and financial handicaps. Young women and not just riders will find in this book worthy role models for our time. Jackie C. Burke is a journalist who has been involved in horse sports all her life and knows just about.


During dynamic (isokinetic) maximal contractions the mechanical output will decrease steeply during the initial 20-60 contractions (the fatigue phase) followed by a stable level (the endurance level). From visual inspections it is obvious that the breakpoint between these two phases differs between individuals. Based upon regression techniques we have investigated two variables of interest with respect to the breakpoint: the number of contractions (Bp-no) before the breakpoint and the angle (°) between the two phases (Bp-deg). We also investigated the interrelationship between output, sex, muscle morphology, and the two variables of the breakpoint during maximal dynamic knee extensions. Twenty clinically healthy subjects (11 males and 9 females) participated. Muscle biopsies of vastus lateralis were obtained from 19 out of 20 subjects. Bp-no was fqund at 42 ± 14 contractions (no sex difference). A significant difference (p = 0.001) between the two sexes was found for the Bp-deg (males: 100 ± 14 vs. females: 121 ± 16). No significant correlation existed between Bb-no and Bp-deg. Bp-deg and initial peak torque mainly correlated with the fibre areas. Bp-deg could be predicted in a model with sex and fibre areas as significant variables. The slope and endurance level (absolute and relative) of peak torque and Bp-no correlated negatively with % type 2b. Analyses of the relationship between output and morphology showed that different morphological variables (area or proportions) were of significant importance in different stages of the endurance test. In conclusion a method for determination of the breakpoint has been presented. The two variables presented correlated with important physiological aspects.


A theoretical model of the dynamic bending of rigid-plastic hybrid composite, arbitrary curvilinear doubly connected thin plates is developed. Inner contour of the plate is simply supported or clamped and outer one is free. The plates are on a viscous basis and under the action of uniformly distributed loads of explosive type. The plates are laminated and fibrous, with layers arranged symmetrically with respect to the middle surface. In each layer the reinforcing fibers, made of different materials, are located in directions parallel or normal to inner contour of plate. The structural model of the reinforced layer considering the plane stress state in fibers is used. The equations of the dynamic deformation of plate and simple analytical formula for the limit load are obtained. Numerical examples are given for a fiber-reinforced four-layered curvilinear plate with a supported hole in the form of ellipse and super-ellipse at the same total amount of reinforcement.


The complementary Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of dissipationless plasma equations have a rich history in plasma physics [1, 2]. In the Lagrangian formulation for the Vlasov-Maxwell equations, for example, one of several types of variational (Euler, Lagrange, or Euler-Poincaré) principles is used to derive these dissipationless plasma equations [3, 4], while their exact conservation laws can be derived through the Noether method. In the Hamiltonian formulation of dissipationless plasma equations, on the other hand, the equations for a given set of plasma fields ψ are, first, written in Hamiltonian form:


In this work, we provide clear evidence of magnetic anisotropy in the local orbital moment of a molecular thin film based on the SCO complex [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] (pz = pyrazol−1−yl, bipy = 2,2′−bipyridine). Field dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements indicate that the magnetic easy axis for the orbital moment is along the surface normal direction. Along with the presence of a critical field, our observation points to the existence of an anisotropic energy barrier in the high-spin state. The estimated nonzero coupling constant of ∼2.47 × 10−5 eV molecule−1 indicates that the observed magnetocrystalline anisotropy is mostly due to spin–orbit coupling. The spin- and orbital-component anisotropies are determined to be 30.9 and 5.04 meV molecule−1, respectively. Furthermore, the estimated g factor in the range of 2.2–2.45 is consistent with the expected values. This work has paved the way for an understanding of the spin-state-switching mechanism in the presence of magnetic perturbations.


Introduction The new system of education in the State of New South  Wales is known  as  the  Wyndham  Scheme named after Dr H. S. Wyndham, the chief planner of this State's modern pattern of secondary education. Before discussing the books published by the Science Foundation: for the six-year science course within this scheme, we will describe in some detail the scheme itself. This will then give the reader some idea of how and why the textbooks were organized and prepared with the closest cooperation of the N.S.W. Education Department itself. New South Wales followed and extended considerably the trend set by the United States wherein the writing of modern scientific school textbooks was no longer left as a task for a few prominent scientists or teachers but was undertaken as a national cooperative venture between the nation's leading scientists and teachers and the Government's own educationalists. The very magnitude and scope of scientific knowledge


Abstract A collision cascade involving transition and thermal stages is simulated by the molecular dynamics technique (MDT) in copper, the energy of the primary knocked-on atom (PKA) being 5 keV and 1 keV. At these stages an intense diffusion by interstitial and vacancy mechanisms occurs. Frenkel pairs are shown to be generated in appreciably larger amounts as compared to a proper cascade stage (by 4 to 5 times). Sufficient energy gradients within a cascade region (CR) lead to an increase in the average distance between the interstitials and the depleted zone, and also in vacancy concentration in the centre of the CR.


The present paper describes heat transfer around two side-by-side closely arranged circular cylinders. The flows around two circular cylinders in a side-by-side arrangement can be classified into three flow patterns according to the gap between the two cylinders. The heat transfer characteristics of the cylinders in each flow regime were experimentally investigated. The diameter of the circular cylinders was 40 mm and the gap between the two cylinders varied from 4 mm to 40 mm. The free stream velocity ranged from 4 m/s to 24 m/s, resulting in Reynolds nos. ranging from 1.1 × 10 4 to 6.2 × 10 4 . The local heat transfer coefficient of both cylinders was measured. The overall Nusselt no. of the two cylinders was found to be minimum at G/D(=gap/diameter) = 0.4, which is the minimum drag coefficient condition of the two cylinders, too.


The non-recursive rejection filter (RF), which is improved with the purpose of transient acceleration at arriving of the passive interference edge caused by disturbing reflections from fixed or slow-moving objects, is synthesized by the state-variables method. The structural diagram is offered of the tunable RF in the transient with the purpose of improvement of signal extraction effectiveness from the moving targets on the background of the passive interference edge. The comparative analysis is performed of RF effectiveness for fixed and tunable structure in the transient according to the criterion of the normalized interference suppression coefficient and the improvement coefficient of the signal-to-interference ratio. The essential increase of the signal extraction effectiveness from the moving objects on the background on the interference edge for the wide class of the spectral-correlation characteristics at RF structure modification.


OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to describe early and midterm outcomes of extremely premature newborns (EPNs) who underwent transcatheter echocardiographically guided patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure. BACKGROUND Surgical ligation of PDA in EPNs confers signi fi cant risk for procedural morbidity and adverse long-term outcomes. METHODS The Amplatzer Vascular Plug II was used in all cases. Post-ligation syndrome was de fi ned using previously published parameters. Patients were followed at pre-speci fi ed intervals, and prospectively collected data were reviewed. RESULTS Transcatheter closure was attempted in 24 EPNs (mean procedural age 30 days [range 5 to 80 days], mean procedural weight 1,249 g [range 755 to 2,380 g]) and was successful in 88%. The 3 procedural failures were related to the development of left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenosis caused by the device, and all devices were removed uneventfully. Complications included 2 instances of device malposition, resolved with device repositioning, and 1 instance of LPA stenosis, requiring an LPA stent. There were no procedural deaths, cases of post-ligation syndrome, residual PDA, or device embolization. Survival to discharge was 96% (23 of 24), with a single late death unrelated to the procedure. After a median follow-up period of 11.1 months, all patients were alive and well, with no residual PDA or evidence of LPA or aortic coarctation. CONCLUSIONS This newly described technique can be performed safely with a high success rate and minimal procedural morbidity in EPNs. Early and midterm follow-up is encouraging. Future efforts should be directed toward developing speci fi c devices for this unique application. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2016;9:2429 – 37) © 2016 by the American


This paper presents an account of the more important structural features of a representative of a New World group of species within the generally accepted genus Utricularia, namely, U. purpurea. These species have been relegated to the genus Vesiculina by Barnhart, and the evidence here presented supports his views.A general description is given of the habit and habitat of the plant, in which also the particular points of its form and structure are set forth. The important features of the internal anatomy are given.The structure and behavior of the trap are described. It is shown that, while the mechanical working of the trap is in some respects strikingly different from that of the other species outside Vesiculina, the same fundamental plan of structure is adhered to. A detailed account of the structure of the door and of the threshold and their manner of action is given.


Through her work with Black American choreographer and Haitian Vodou initiate Katherine Dunham, avant-garde filmmaker Maya Deren discovered that the religion's practitioners would submit themselves to loa (spirits) during ceremonies, thereby abandoning the self to a community ritual. 1 Relegation of the traditionally privileged human subject in favour of communal experience underpinned Deren's concept of "depersonalization." As she explained in An Anagram of Ideas on Art, Form and Film (1946) shortly before her own visits to Haiti to document Vodou, The ritualistic form treats the human being not as the source of the dramatic action, but as a somewhat depersonalized element in a dramatic whole. The intent of such depersonalization is not the destruction of the individual; on the contrary, it enlarges him beyond the personal dimension and frees him from the specializations and confines of personality. He becomes part of a dynamic whole which, like all such creative relationships, in turn, endow its parts with a measure of its larger meaning. 2


PDF Version August 21, 2017 TO THE ADMINISTRATOR ADDRESSED: SUBJECT: CULMINATION OF THE 2016-17
HIGH-QUALITY PREKINDERGARTEN GRANT The High-Quality Prekindergarten
Grant closes on August 31, 2017 . School districts and charters are encouraged
to complete their compliance documentation, fina


Time series of regional 2 ◊ 2 Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) solutions have been com- puted from 2003 to 2011 with a 10-day resolution by using an energy integral method over Australia (112 E-156 E; 44 S-10 S). This approach uses the dynamical orbit anal- ysis of GRACE Level 1 measurements, and specially accu- rate along-track K-band range rate (KBRR) residuals with a 1 µm s 1 level of errors, to estimate the total water mass over continental regions. The advantages of regional solutions are a significant reduction of GRACE aliasing errors (i.e. north- south stripes) providing a more accurate estimation of water mass balance for hydrological applications. In this paper, the validation of these regional solutions over Australia is pre- sented, as well as their ability to describe water mass change as a response of climate forcings such as El Nino. Princi- pal component analysis of GRACE-derived total water stor- age (TWS) maps shows spatial and temporal patterns that are consistent with independent data sets (e.g. rainfall, cli- mate index and in situ observations). Regional TWS maps show higher spatial correlations with in situ water table mea- surements over Murray-Darling drainage basin (80-90 %), and they offer a better localization of hydrological structures than classical GRACE global solutions (i.e. Level 2 Groupe de Recherche en Geodesie Spatiale (GRGS)) products and 400 km independent component analysis solutions as a lin- ear combination of GRACE solutions provided by different centers.


Senior citizens' communities of practice (CoPs) in Taiwan focus on the sharing of experiences and expertise, and engagement with issues of mutual concern. Because most of their members have a wealth of social experiences, as well as the time and strong motivation to learn new skills, these CoPs have strong potential to become learning environments aimed at the sharpening of expertise. To better understand the senior citizens' interactions in such an environment, the research team conducted a qualitative study of six CoPs in Taiwan, guided by the following research question: What are the key factors to construct the learning environment of senior citizens' CoPs? The researchers visited selected CoPs, including two self-sponsored groups, two interest groups, and two volunteer groups. In total, 24 interviewees were recruited, and the semi-structured interview method was employed to explore how a learning environment is created for a senior citizen CoP. The findings highlight that a free-yet-practical communicative environment with a culture of respect for the individual fosters practice-oriented mutual engagement and joint enterprise. A facilitation-based method of building up senior-citizen learning environments is recommended. Collaborative tasks trigger comparisons and self-reflection. When sense-making activities work well, ample time will be needed to cement these activities into organizational routines, so that shared repertoires can be formed. The study also explained how the keys work as a whole.


Teaching practice is a key stage in pre-service teacher education and an important phase for teachers' professional development.Every student teacher has to go through teaching practice to explore the essence of teaching.The process involves complexity and hardship,because student teachers have to deal with the teaching environment and also seek to meet expectations from their university supervisors and supervising teachers in schools.The purpose of this paper is to examine the complex relationships among student teachers,their university supervisors,and supervising teachers and analyze the impact on how student teachers learn to teach.Research findings indicate that,in the absence of effective communication,the university supervisors and school supervising teachers play only limited roles in the practicum.Based on these findings,we suggest that the roles and functions of university supervisors and school supervising teachers should be clarified,and appropriate mechanisms should be established to ensure adequate preparation and support for the discharge of their duties.


Aim: Athletes are not immune to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, and these conditions do not cause any harm or damage to their body as long as the necessary precautions in term of medications and others are adhered to. This research's main objective was to determine the prevalence rate of G-6-PD deficiency and HIV among the University athletes in Rivers State, Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Original Research Article Okonko et al.; AJBGMB, 4(4): 36-41, 2020; Article no.AJBGMB.60147 37 Place and Duration of Study: Sports Institute, University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Nigeria, between June 2012 and July 2015. Methods: A total of 258 athletes were screened (134 females and 124 males) for HIV and G-6-PD deficiency. The athletes' ages, gender and dates of birth were obtained and recorded. The presence of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody was detected using the Uni-GoldTM Recombigen® HIV1/2 for the detection of HIV. While Beutler Semi-quantitative G-6-PD Test Kit (BSA-3000) was utilized for the quantitative detection of G-6-PD deficiency in whole blood. Results: Of the 258 athletes tested, 0.7% was G-6-PD deficient while 1.2% was positive for HIV. The G-6-PD deficient positive cases were found in the age range of 21-25 years while the higher prevalence of HIV was observed in the age range 31-35 years (4.8%), followed by 26-30 years (1.9%) and the least was observed in the age group 21-25 years (0.7%). Age and gender had no significant relationship with the positivity of the athletes to HIV and G-6-PD (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: This study confirms the presence of HIV and G-6-PD deficiency among university athletes in Rivers State, Nigeria. This calls for routine testing of both the athletes and the general public for G-6-PD deficiency to prevent hemolysis causes by G-6-PD deficiency.


We offer a stochastic control framework for understanding the prices dynamics of renewable identification numbers (RINs)—a market-based mechanism for enforcing renewable energy standards. Using a continuous-time formulation, we explicitly model the option value embedded in the RINs prices. We derive a closed-form solution of the RINs prices when underlying commodity prices are geometric Brownian motion (GBM). We also characterize the solution for setups with mean-reverting and jump specifications for the underlying prices, which need to be solved numerically using duality methods. Among other results, we show that the price of RINs has a U-shape relationship with the volatility of ethanol and gasoline prices and a negative relationship with the correlation between the two price processes. Our paper demonstrates a case for using quantitative finance techniques in environmental and sustainability topics.


Women who had recently had their first babies were surveyed to identify their unmet needs for information, the ease with which they could ask questions of health professionals and family and friends, their locus of control, self-care and self-knowledge. Of the 281 women surveyed, 221 responded, giving a response rate of 78.6 per cent.

More than 50 per cent of the respondents felt they had too little information on special tests done in pregnancy, postnatal care and 'blues', caesarean section and induction of labour. Only 48 per cent of the women felt that they could question their doctor with ease. Most of the decisions about what happened during their pregnancy and labour were made by others for 31 per cent of the women. Of the smokers, 38 per cent stopped smoking during pregnancy. However some women lacked the self-knowledge for future self-care, as only 34 per cent of the respondents knew the result of their cervical smear.


The Invention relates to an engine cooling system, wherein a coolant flows through a coolant circuit; a pump for circulating coolant under pressure through the coolant circuit; a radiator provided in the coolant circuit, wherein the radiator cools coolant passing through the coolant circuit; a by-pass conduit, wherein the by-pass conduit allows coolant to by-pass the radiator, a flow control valve means, which regulates the flow rate of coolant flowing through the radiator and the by-pass conduit; and a controller, wherein the controller controls the flow control valve means in response to input signals from at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor in the coolant circuit. The flow control valve means comprises a first controllable valve located upstream of the radiator and downstream of the by-pass conduit, and a second controllable valve located in the by-pass conduit.


The invention relates to an electric heating device (1) comprising a heating body (3) crossed by an air flow to be heated (2) and a control device (5) of the implementation of the body heater (3). The heating body (3) comprises at least one heating element (4) whose implementation is controlled by an electric switch (6) which is connected to the corresponding heating element (4) via a conductor electrical (11). The electrical conductor (11) is adapted to dissipate heat energy created by the electrical switch (6) exchanging said thermal energy with the air flow to be heated (2).


The construction of eco-city is an important basis for a city to fully achieve sustainable development.This paper reviewed the ecological functions of turf and its new applications as well as analysis of existing problems during the eco-city construction,aiming at providing references for constructing city with the sustainable,ecological balance,and harmonious environment.


This work presents an application of pressure/temperature-controlled microwave heating curves for monitoring the mineralization the Standard Reference Material of Albacore Tuna RM 50 for the subsequent flow injection cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometric (FI-CVAAS) determination of total mercury (Hg). Mineralizations were performed using a CEM Model MDS-2100 laboratory microwave oven (950 W for 100% power) provided with pressure sensing tube and fiberoptic temperature probe to monitor and control pressure and temperature conditions inside the lined digestion vessels. A Perkin-Elmer Model 5100 PC atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with an electrodeless discharge lamp for Hg, was used in the flow injection mode. A Perkin-Elmer Model FIAS-400 system with an AS-90 autosampler were connected to the spectrometer. Initially, approximately 500 mg of standard test portion were digested with 15 mL of concentrated nitric acid. The mineralization time was 4 min. For nitric acid mineralization, one control vessel, two sample vessels and one blank vessel were employed for simultaneous digestion. After 2.5 min of mineralization time, pressure was kept at approximately 190 psi and temperature decreased down to 150°C. Unfortunately. not more than 20% of the total Hg was recovered. The mineralization of 300 mg of lyophilized test portion with 15 mL of concentrated nitric acid followed. These conditions favored the FI-CVAAS evaluation of total Hg (ca. more than 80% was recovered). The best results were obtained using less sample weight and fewer microwave digestion vessels under the following conditions: addition of 15 mL of concentrated nitric acid to 200 mg of test portion weight, using three digestion vessels (one control vessel. one sample vessel and one blank vessel) irradiated for 4 min. Under these conditions, the FI-CVAAS Hg concentration (0.87 ± 0.03 µg/g) correlated statistically with the certified value (0.95 ± 0.10 µg/g) reported for the reference material Albacore Tuna. The amount of Hg required to give 1% absorption was 314 pg. The detection limit, defined as twice the standard deviation of the blanks. was 164 ng/L which corresponds to 82 pg of Hg for 500 .µL of solution undergoing analysis. Precision (R.S.D.) was better than 3%. In conclusion, monitoring and controlling pressure and temperature inside the digestion vessels guaranteed a much safer mineralization, avoiding chances for explosion of the reactor system and potential injuries to the analyst. In general, pressure/temperature controlled microwave mineralization seems to be reliable alternative for sample descomposition.


Abstract Former CBS sports analyst, "Jimmy the Greek" Snyder said "The only thing left for the Whites is a couple of coaching jobs" (Shapiro, 1988, pp. A1, A10). The Supreme Court's landmark Brown I and II decisions brought a sharp increase in the visibility of some of the most exceptional black college athletes the country. Subsequently, many segregated, white institutions began to recruit these black "superspades" (Harris, 1993, p. 52; and Davis, 1995, p. 627) per team and mass media sources began to compare/contrast blacks and whites via sporting events. This manuscript revisits historical and contemporary messages of the mass media regarding blacks vs. whites in college athletics and considers how mass mediated sports involve (1) discursive innovation (Hughes, 2005), (2) a revolutionary message, (3) simplistic appeals to emotions, (4) rhetorical figures generating an aura of "presence," (5) invocations to a collective identity that is conducive to a situation-distressed collective group seeking a solution to social problems as a means of escape, and (6) dramatization of polarized aggression between forces of good and bad that is indicative of impending doom or hopelessness restricting individual perspectives in favor of collective group identity (Lewis, 1988). The manuscript discusses how this particular construction of messages may have contributed to the desegregation and resegregation (Orfield, 2001) of the two most visible, NCAA Division I sports: men's college basketball and football. Moreover, the article provides evidence of the necessity for an ongoing academic investigation of sports and athletes in education.


During revolution era, Indonesian government used and traded opium for struggle funds. This decision was based on the fact that the social, economic and financial was shattered due to Japanese occupation. Whereas the government should provide substantial funds to pay the war operations, employee salaries and soldiers, buy weapons of war, and pay representatives abroad. This paper constitutes as the result of historical studies, that is why it uses historical method and methodologies. Historical method constitutes as a historian guidelines to find historical documents. Historian is like "handyman" who collects historical sources such as archives and documents in "warehouses" archives and libraries. When written sources are considered as not enough, then those will be held interviews with historical actors involved directly or indirectly to the problem under study. Historical method constitutes a works of historian from processing facts, explanations to the reconstruction of the results under study. Methodology provides the framework of thinking as historian, that is why, it needs to pay attention to the concepts and theories in preparing the events of the past. This study is based on the method from Ernst Bernheim, that are heuristic, criticism, auffassung and darstellung. Indonesian government fully managed and controlled the opium trade and circulation in Java. The management was led by the Vice President Office assisted by two ministries, namely the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Defence Quartermaster Section. Under those two ministries, there was the Mayor Administrative Office of Opium and Salt in Surakarta which coordinated major offices in several cities, especially in Kediri and Yogyakarta. The Administrative Office of Opium and Salt in Kediri stored raw opium. Then, raw opium was sent to processing factory in Wonosari and Beji Klaten. The cooked opium was sent to The Administrative Office of Opium and Drug in Yogyakarta or The Mayor Administrative Office of Opium and Salt in Surakarta. This office in Surakarta authorized to issue raw opium to the struggle agencies to be sold to the territory of republic, occupied Netherlands area or smuggled abroad.


body weight, the remained lambs were left as uninfected control group. This study continued until 13 th week post-infection. Statistically analyzed by SPSS program using T-test the results indicated that there was differences in protein percentage in leg, ribs (9, 10, 11) and fore shank between the two groups (infected and control). These differences were statistically not significant. There was significant difference (p< 0.01) of fat percentage in ribs (9, 10, 11) area between the two groups, while there was slight difference in fat percentage in leg and fore shank areas but statistically not significant. The moisture percentage in leg, ribs (9, 10, 11) and fore shank areas of infected group was higher than the control group but this difference was statistically not significant. Ash percentage in leg, ribs (9, 10, 11) and fore shank areas was convergent of both groups. In this study it can be concluded that there was a slight effect of subclinical infection with H. contortus on chemical composition of Karabi lambs carcasses.


We compute supersymmetric QCD and supersymmetric electroweak corrections to the b and t quark masses and to the $\ensuremath{\tau}$ lepton mass in the presence of CP phases valid for all $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}.$ The analysis includes one loop diagrams arising from the exchange of gluinos, charginos and neutralinos. We find that the CP effects can change both the magnitude as well as the sign of the supersymmetric loop correction. In the region of parameter space studied we found that the numerical size of the correction to the b quark mass can be as large as 30 % and to the $\ensuremath{\tau}$ lepton mass as much as 5%. For the top quark mass the correction is typically less than a percent. These corrections are of importance in unified models since $b\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\tau}$ and $b\ensuremath{-}t\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\tau}$ unification is strongly affected by the size of these corrections. More generally these results will be of importance in analyses of quark-lepton textures with the inclusion of CP phases. Further, the analysis presented here is relevant in a variety of low energy phenomena where supersymmetric QCD and supersymmetric electroweak corrections on the b mass enter prominently in B physics, e.g., in processes such as ${B}_{s,d}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{l}^{+}{l}^{\ensuremath{-}}.$


(p. 19), and as it unfolds the book's main business turns out to be an analysis of the southwestern evangelical clergy's ideas about slavery rather than a portrayal of a process of cultural development in a more fully rounded sense. StilJ, the author tries hard to locate the intellectual developments that concern him in the specific time and place in which they emerged, primarily by making his story a tale of four ministerial generations. Each generation is analyzed demographically (albeit in a rather rough-hewn way) and located in the history of the region before its views on slavery are presented. The pioneering clergy of the late eighteenth century were generally, if ineffectively, antislavery. The generation of the Great Revival era divided as sharply and contentiously over slavery as it did over the revival itself, though moderate antislavery predominated. The succeeding "anxious generation," concerned over religious declension and fearful of renewed controversy, sidestepped the slavery issues as often as it could. Its "passive proslavery" was consolidated after 1830 by the "generation of moral reformers," who attacked abolitionism and (sometimes) supported the mission to the slaves. Regional cohesion itself came into crisis in the 1850s, as Alabama and Mississippi clergy moved toward overt proslavery, while a moderate antislavery began to reappear in Kentucky and Tennessee.


The objective of this paper is to study Chinese poems written by Suk-ju, Yee Sang-yong, who spent his life to get restoration of national sovereignty. I looked in to his life and examined the relationship between his work and a historical background. As a result, I found that his poems had been affected widely by his life and a special historical event. This means that his works had been connected to what textual linguistics say, "Situationality" and were fused by social and personal situation greatly. In other words, the life of writer who produce the work and the background of work are projected in a poem. I divided Suk-ju, Yee Sang-yong' works into two groups: writer's early works and works after the Samil[1919] Independence Movement of Korea. Believing that it is difficult to achieve the restoration of national sovereignty through domestic movement, Suk-ju moved Manchuria adjacent to Korea in 1911. In Manchuria, Suk-ju devoted himself to gain the restoration of national sovereignty until 1932, the year he died. By the way, the most interesting thing is that poems he wrote contained the phases of this times and Suk-ju's record of life.


Because of their unique structure, Stemona alkaloids, including (±)-stemonamine and (±)-isostemonamine, have been suggested to have a potential biological activity (e.g., anti-tussive activity and insecticidal activity).1) Biological reactions, such as ligand interaction with enzymes and receptors, are generally stereospecific in nature. Therefore, in order to identify the biological activity of Stemona alkaloids, it is necessary to have both of their enantiomers (– and +). We originally established the method of asymmetric total synthesis of (–)-stemonamine and (–)-isostemonamine.2) Among the Stemona alkaloid-related compounds, (–)-isostemonamine showed anti-proliferative activity selectively in the estrogen receptor α (ERα)-negative human breast cancer cells, MDAMB-231 (IC50 = 9.3 μM at 48 h), which is comparable to that of etoposide (IC50 = 7.1 μM at 48 h).3) Additionally, we previously showed that ST-4, a thioamide derivative of (–)-isostemonamine, does not modulate the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells.3) In general, it is being widely accepted that the therapeutic benefits of anti-cancer agents are enhanced when they are dosed together,4) because of their ability to exert their antiproliferative effects on the cancer cells through different mechanisms. However, whether ST-4 can ameliorate the anti-proliferative activity of the established anti-cancer agents has not been investigated. In addition to genetic variations, epigenetic modifications (e.g., DNA methylation and histone modification) are also involved in the development and progression of many cancers, including breast cancer.5,6) Unlike genetic variations, epigenetic modifications are reversible changes in the DNA or histones that can affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. In cancer, epigenetic changes, such as alteration of CpG-island methylation or histone modifications, can lead to the silencing of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes.5,6) Experimental evidence also strongly suggests that epigenetic modifications can lead to anti-cancer drug resistance.7) Thus, development of therapies selectively targeting epigenetic modifiers of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an important area of anticancer drug development. However, although such therapies are thought to be highly effective against some cancers, epigenetic modifiers can cause a broad range of DNA demethylation and histone acetylation effects that may lead to unwanted side effects.4) Furthermore, it is generally recognized that to minimize the side effects of anti-cancer agents, they should be dosed at the lowest concentration that can offer optimal safety Report


Besides the lexical ontology itself, during the Onto.PT project other resources were developed. Those included handcrafted grammars for extracting semantic relations, a term-based lexicalsemantic network extracted from dictionaries, a thesaurus with fuzzy memberships, polarities assigned to the Onto.PT synsets, as well as resources used for evaluation, such as manual mappings between words and synsets or the manual classification of synsets and relations as correct or incorrect. This abstract enumerates these resources, which are freely available from the Onto.PT website.


Hemodialysis (HD) and quality of life (QoL) are the important subjects of dialysis patients. The article entitled "Quality of life in dialysis patients" by Ayoub and Hijjazi (1) focused on evaluating QoL in HD patients by applying and comparing 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) and the QoL index dialysis version questionnaire in their country. It is interest of that Ayoub and his colleague (1) showed gender had no effect on HD patients' QoL, while we showed in a study on 6,930 HD patients (2) by using SF-36 questionnaire (general core) and kidney disease component summary (KDCS, disease specific core) that males had better QoL than that of females. Zender and Olshansky (3) have also reported a lower QoL in women compared to men; in addition, they showed a high prevalence of psychological disorders with more severity that it can lead to lower QoL in females. However, it seems many factors such as perception of social support, healthy behaviors and outlooks, religious conviction etc. are different among countries between both genders. Although Ayoub and Hijjazi (1) reported advanced age had no adverse effect on QoL, we showed that the elderly patients had significantly lower scores of all QoL scales, except for social supports that no significant difference was observed (2). Moreover, they showed no significant correlation between age and the total scores of the SF-36, while in our study staff encouragements was significantly better among middle-aged patients (45-60 years old) and patients' satisfaction was significantly increased with older age (2). It may due to expectations which decrease with increasing age. In addition, Ayoub and Hijjazi (1) reported that there was no significant relationship between educational level and QoL in both questionnaires, while we found a significant association between the higher educational level and better scores on all domains except for the quality of social interactions, dialysis staff encouragement and patients' satisfaction that were decreased in patients Implication for health policy/practice/research/ medical education Hemodialysis (HD) and quality of life (QoL) are the important subjects of dialysis patients. It is possible that various factors such as perception of social support, healthy behaviors and outlooks, religious conviction affect QoL in hemodialysis patients.


Change detection is one of the core issues of earth observation and has been extensively studied in recent decades. This paper presents a novel deep neural network architecture based on information transmission and attention mechanism. Existing methods rely on a simple mechanism for independently encoding bi-temporal images to obtain their representation vectors. In view of the fact that these methods do not make full use of the rich information between bi-temporal images, we introduce the information transmission module in the design of DNN structure for doing the transmission and interaction of information. In addition, we introduce the attention mechanism behind the information transmission module to give the corresponding attention weight to each temporal image feature so as to enhance the change information of the image, which noticeably improves final prediction. The proposed network is validated on real remote sensing image data sets. Both visual and quantitative analyses of the experimental results demonstrate competitiveness of the proposed method.


The structure of each crystal in the pentagon is fcc, as verified by diffraction patterns from individual grains. It is suggested that the large pentagonal regions observed were nucleated by small decahedral clusters of Ni atoms during the early stages of the deposition. However, for grains as large as those shown the body centered orthorhombic structure is not stable; at some point during the growth process the crystal structure reverted to the energetically preferred fcc. The relative orientation between the individual crystals, having been established by the decahedral nucleus, was preserved during growth. The 7.5/sup 0/ mismatch was taken up evenly around the pentagon by the formation of dislocations and/or secondary twins at the boundaries.


Objective To explore differences of pains caused by venipuncture in male and female patients. Methods The pain degree of 204 male and female patients was estimated by digital estimation and cheek estimation. Results The pain degree in male patients was significantly higher than that in the female during venipuncture (P0.05 ). Conclusion It is important to mentally soothe male patients to relieve their pains during veinpuncture.


Light and dopamine regulate many physiological functions in the vertebrate retina. Light exposure decreases cyclic AMP formation in photoreceptor cells. Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) activation promotes light adaptation and suppresses the light‐sensitive pool of cyclic AMP in photoreceptor cells. The key signaling pathways involved in regulating cyclic AMP in photoreceptor cells have not been identified. In the present study, we show that the light‐ and D4R‐signaling pathways converge on the type 1 Ca2+/calmodulin‐stimulated adenylyl cyclase (AC1) to regulate cyclic AMP synthesis in photoreceptor cells. In addition, we present evidence that D4R activation tonically regulates the expression of AC1 in photoreceptors. In retinas of mice with targeted deletion of the gene (Adcy1) encoding AC1, cyclic AMP levels and Ca2+/calmodulin‐stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity are markedly reduced, and cyclic AMP accumulation is unaffected by either light or D4R activation. Similarly, in mice with disruption of the gene (Drd4) encoding D4R, cyclic AMP levels in the dark‐adapted retina are significantly lower compared to wild‐type retina and are unresponsive to light. These changes in Drd4−/− mice were accompanied by significantly lower Adcy1 mRNA levels in photoreceptor cells and lower Ca2+/calmodulin‐stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity in retinal membranes compared with wild‐type controls. Reduced levels of Adcy1 mRNA were also observed in retinas of wild‐type mice treated chronically with a D4R antagonist, L‐745870. Thus, activation of D4R is required for normal expression of AC1 and for the regulation of its catalytic activity by light. These observations illustrate a novel mechanism for cross‐talk between dopamine and photic signaling pathways regulating cyclic AMP in photoreceptor cells.


Insects were reared and tested at 26.7±1°C and 60% RH. Thompson variety raisins were treated with SumithionR by placing calculated (wt/wt) concentrations diluted in 5 ml of tap water into 0.5 kg lots of field-run raisins in 3.8 liter glass jars and tumbling the jars at 30 rpm for 30 min. Control raisins had 5 ml of tap water placed thereon. After the sealed jars had been held for 1 day or for 3, 6, 9, or 12 mo., they were opened, and lots of 50 g raisins were placed in a 500 ml paper container with 25 0- to 2- week old adults of a species. The test was replicated 10 times for each concentration. Mortality was determined after 45 days.


Introduction: Hip pathology is being recognized with more frequency as source of disability and functional limitation in athletes. It has been stated that the overload made with certain positions during some sports activities can develop condral damage. Moreover, the sum of bone deformity and repetitive movements of the hip requiered in sports may increase the risk of causing injuries. These can be treated with hip arthroscopy. Despite of this, there is a lack of evidence about the time taken to return to sports activity and the level reached afterwards by those patients treated with this procedure. Objective: Describe the clinical evolution, the time taken to return to sports activity and the level reached a year after the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with hip arthroscopy in 23 athletes. Method: 23 athletes were included in the study, defined as those patients with a minimum of 6 hours a week of sports practice, who were treated for FAI with hip arthroscopy between 2010 and 2015 by the same surgeon at our institution. The diagnosis was clinical (positive impingement test, hip pain and functional limitation of the hip), radiological (cam and pincer) and with magnetic nuclear resonance (labral tears). Preoperative modified Harris hip score was registered in all cases. Tonnis radiographic score was used. All patients had type 0 or 1 Tonnis hips. After 3 months of ineffective non operative treatment the arthroscopy was performed. Patients were treated in dorsal decubitus with orthopedic table. Labral reconstruction with anchors and femoral and acetabular osteoplasty was made. After surgery, patients were able to walk with support for 4 weeks and began physiotherapy. A year after surgery, all patients were questioned about the time taken to return to sports activity and the level of activity reached at that time compared to the one they had before symptoms appeared. The modified Harris hip score was also registered. Results: Ten patients played soccer as a main sport activity (44%), 3 basketball (13%), 3 martial arts (13%), 3 rugby (13%), 2 running (9%), 1 bicycling (4%) and 1 motocross (4%). The average time taken to return to sports activity was 4.7 months. 12 patients returned at 4 months (52%), 6 patients at 5 months (26%) and 5 patients at 6 months (22%). All patients were able to return to sports activity. Twenty patients reached the same level of activity they had before symptoms appeared (87%). Three patients did not get to previous activity level (13%). The averaged postoperative modified Harris hip score was 92 points (excellent). 20 patients (87%) scored excellent results and 3 patients (13%) regular ones. The average improvement after surgery of this score was 26 points. Conclusion: The treatment of FAI with hip arthroscopy in athletes allowed us to achieve excellent clinical results in 87% of the patients (modified Harris hip score). They took an average of 4.7 months to return to sports activities. 87% of them returned to the same level of practice they had before symptoms appeared.


Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of elderly peptic ulcer.Method:100 elderly cases of patients with peptic ulcer were selected from February 2011 to February 2013 in our hospital,they were randomly divided into control group and observation group,each group of 50 cases.The control group were treated with omeprazole alone;the observation group were treated with Cloud Weining and omeprazole.The therapeutic effect of the two groups were compared.Result:Total effective rate in observation group was 87.5%,the incidence of adverse reactions was 10.6%.Total effective rate in control group was 72.6%,incidence of adverse reactions was 18.4%.Remission rate of abdominal pain,bloating,acid reflux,heating and other symptoms in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group. Total effective rate in both groups was statistically significant difference (P0.05),incidence of adverse reactions was no statistically significant (P0.05).Conclusion:Cloud Weining and Omeprazole in treatment of elderly patients with peptic ulcer is more efficient than Omeprazole,it can widely popurarize in clinical practice.


I have described a precise method to measure the intra-gastric and -esophageal temperatures, and by this thermometer the intra-gastric and -esophageal temperatures on 180 healthy adults were simultaneously measured with the axillary. From the obtained results the following facts were confirmed. 1. The intra-gastric, -esophageal and axillary temperatures exhibit normal distribution. 2. The three temperatures have mutually distinct differences. The intragastric was 0.2-0.6°C higher than the intraesophageal and the latter was 0.3-1.0°C higher than the axillary. 3. Among the three temperatures there are mutually positive cor-relations; a strong one between the intragastric and -esophageal, and moderate ones between the axillary and the remaining two. 4. The intra-gastric and -esophageal temperatures were higher in 'women than men by 0.2-0.4°C, but in the axillary, the difference. between them was not significant. 5. In the three temperatures there are diurnal variances; being 0.1-0.4°C higher before lunch than breakfast, and 0.2-0.4°C higher before dinner than lunch. The temperature gradient of the three temperatures also vary in the course of a day. 6. The intra-gastric and -esophageal temperatures were independent on the room temperature but the axillary was 0.2-0.3°C higher in the room temperature of 21-26°C than in one of 10-20°C. 7. The intra-gastric and -esophageal temperatures have no correlation with the room temperature, but the axillary showed a weak positive correlation with it. 8. In the same mark the three, temperatures each, vary by. about 1°C from one day to another and the individual variation is most easily observed in the axillary.


Organ morphogenesis depends on mechanical interactions between cells and tissues. These interactions generate forces that can be sensed by cells and affect key cellular processes. However, how mechanical forces contribute, together with biochemical signals, to the shaping of complex organs is still unclear. We address this question using the seed of Arabidopsis as a model system. We show that seeds first experience a phase of high anisotropic growth that is dependent on the response of cortical microtubule (CMT) to forces, which guide cellulose deposition according to shape-driven stresses in the outermost layer of the seed coat. However, at later stages of development, we show that seed growth is isotropic and depend on the properties of an inner layer of the seed coat that stiffens its walls in response to tension but has isotropic material properties. Finally, we show that the transition from anisotropic to isotropic growth is due to dampening of CMT responses to shape-driven stresses. Altogether, our work support that spatiotemporally distinct mechanical responses control the shape of developing seeds in Arabidopsis.


Through in-situ drilling, the strata lithology of the reservoir bank slope near dam at the Fengtan hydropower plant is introduced and landslide slip surface (zone) was determined, the terrain and geomorphic characteristic was also analyzed. According the research on the engineering geologic conditions, the possible failure style of the slope along the slip surface was gotted. Through indoor testing study on mechanical properties of the jointed rock and in in-situ push shear test on the structural plane of rock mass and the back analysis of the slope, each method could get a cohesion and a angle of internal friction of the rock of the researches slip surface. Through analysis comprehensively, the cohesion cm=28.6 kPa and the angle of internal friction φ=29.4° were used to analysis the slope stability. Based on the Sarma Method, three representative sections are choose to calculate the safety factors. During the calculation, the influence of the water and the earthquake load are considered. The safety factors of all kinds of conditions are calculated. The stability evaluation is made according to the safety factors and some advices are provide for landslide control project.


Compared to previous generations, today's youth appear to be poorly equipped to meet the life challenges they face. This chapter focuses on two approaches to developing positive and resilient behavior in young people, namely the student well-being approach and the social and emotional learning (SEL) approach. These two approaches have slowly emerged to fill the void created by the failed self-esteem movement that began in the 1970s. Both approaches have strong links with positive psychology, a model that emphasizes the conditions, strengths, and behaviors that enable people to develop well-being, act resiliently, and thrive. Evidence-informed guidelines for developing and implementing universal school-based programs designed to enhance well-being and SEL are identified and examples of national and specific initiatives are outlined.


Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) usually involves the renal arteries and is an important cause of secondary hypertension in younger women. We report an unusual case of FMD in a middle‐aged woman, not only involving both the renal and iliac arteries but also presenting in a pattern more typical of atherosclerosis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.