Summary

1. Eucalyptus globulus, a tree species planted worldwide in many riparian zones, has been reported to affect benthic macroinvertebrates negatively. Although there is no consensus about the effects of Eucalyptus on aquatic macrobenthos, its removal is sometimes proposed as a means of ecological restoration.

2. We combined the sampling of macroinvertebrates with measurement of the colonisation of leaf packs in mesh bags, to examine the effects of riparian Eucalyptus and its litter on benthic macroinvertebrates in three small streams in California, U.S.A. Each stream included one reach bordered by Eucalyptus (E-site) and a second bordered by native vegetation (N-site).

3. The macrobenthos was sampled and two sets of litter bags were deployed at each site: one set with Eucalyptus litter (Euc-bags) and one with mixed native tree litter (Nat-bags) containing Quercus, Umbellularia, Acer and Alnus. Bags were exposed for 28, 56 and 90 days and this experiment was repeated in the autumn, winter and spring to account for effects of changing stream flow and insect phenology.

4. Litter input (average dry mass: 950 g m−2 year−1 in E-sites versus 669 g m−2 year−1 in N-sites) was similar, although in-stream litter composition differed between E- and N-sites. Litter broke down at similar rates in Euc-bags and Nat-bags (0.0193 day−1 versus 0.0134 day−1), perhaps reflecting the refractory nature of some of the leaves of the native trees (Quercus agrifolia).

5. Summary metrics for macroinvertebrates (taxon richness, Shannon diversity, pollution tolerance index) did not differ significantly between the E and N sites, or between Euc-bags and Nat-bags. No effect of exposure time or site was detected by ordination of the taxa sampled. However, distinct seasonal ordination clusters were observed in winter, spring and autumn, and one of the three streams formed a separate cluster.

6. The presence of Eucalyptus was less important in explaining the taxonomic composition of the macrobenthos than either 'season' or 'stream'. Similarly, these same two factors (but not litter species) also helped explain the variation in leaf breakdown. We conclude that patches of riparian Eucalyptus and its litter have little effect on stream macrobenthos in this region.


One of the main issues over the ages has been the lack of water. The water supply networks are now being
affected by the increased deployment of IOT technology and devices. The development of a trustworthy,
auditable, and transparent traceable system like Blockchain is the product of creative research. Blockchain, a
distributed ledger technology, introduces a fresh, creative strategy for the development of centralized,
distrust-free systems. The use of blockchain technology eliminates corruption since it can keep track of every
transaction. Blockchain has built-in capabilities for fault tolerance, immutability, transparency, and full
transaction tracing for records that are saved, as well as for digital asset representation and transaction executions.
The blockchain-based water management system described in this study is completely decentralized, with IoT
devices collecting data as it is setup and adding it to the blockchain. We use the Ethereum blockchain to
represent a supplier to consumer use case in our blockchain-based water management system. We also talk about
the network's participants' duties in the water management system. Finally, we assessed the benefits of
blockchain-based water management over existing ones and showed how it might benefit contemporary
society.


Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as potential biomarkers in a variety of pathologies. The aim of this study was to determine whether miRNAs could serve as blood-based markers of isolated coronary artery calcification (CAC) defined as CAC in the absence of an underlying metabolic abnormality. Methods 24 age-matched and sex-matched patients who had been referred for elective CT coronary calcium score and angiography as part of investigation for cardiac chest pain were recruited. Peripheral venesection was performed and an Agatston calcium score was derived from the CT coronary angiogram using default software. RNA was extracted using the LeukoLOCK Total RNA Isolation System for Toray's microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results The patients were well matched for age, sex and conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease. Microarray analysis identified lower expression of miRNA-138-2-3p, miRNA-1181, miRNA-6816-3p and miRNA-8059 in patients with coronary artery calcium score (CACS)=0 vs CACS>100. qRT-PCR confirmed significant downregulation of miRNA-8059 in patients with CACS>100 (CACS=0 vs CACS>100; P=0.03). Conclusion miRNA-8059 may serve as a peripheral blood-based biomarker for the presence of CAC, as well as provide a platform for studying the pathophysiological basis of isolated CAC. Trial registration number NCT01992848; Results.


OBJECTIVES: To identify factors that may influence the decision of whether to enter a hospice program or to continue with a traditional hospital approach in patients with advanced cancer and to understand their decision‐making process.


In a highly developed society of economy and technology, the pressure of reformation that the military organization faces is more urgent than private businesses. Due to a change in values of defense manpower, the differences of organizational characteristics, the degree of complexity of managerial field, the demand for different managerial environments, the nature of management between the military and the private businesses is quite different. In order to achieve the goal of an organization rapidly, the focus of military mission on efficiency is a new challenge faced by executives whose roles must be readjust to adapt to it. Additionally, they must have their professional competencies improved frequently to meet the changing environment. In recent years, the model of competency has become a popular topic of seminar in the field of human resource management and had been applied widely. Through evaluating performance we cam discover the needs of managerial education and training and thus, to improve personnel quality, and to reach the target or mission of an organization efficiently.


The popularity of concept of spirituality is increasing exponentially in the field of human resource management. Both academicians and practitioners are looking at spirituality to solve modern day human resource challenges. Spirituality at work is about search for meaning or higher purpose, connectedness and transcendence. The present research article addresses conceptual and empirical gap using the concept of workplace spirituality and empirically examines relationship between workplace spirituality and employee commitment, job satisfaction and work–life balance satisfaction. The article successfully augments literature by suggesting one more dimension (Karma Capital) of Indian spiritual values. This is one of the pioneer studies that used necessary condition analysis (NCA) to explore workplace spirituality. Workplace spirituality was reported as a necessary determinant of employee commitment, job satisfaction and work–life balance satisfaction. Relationship between these variables is further investigated through correlation matrix and regression analysis.


Recent findings indicate restricted usage of Tcell receptor (TcR) /3 chain variable region 3 (V/33) gene elements in the human polyclonal T-cell response to the allergens of house dust mite (HDM).~. 2 Furthermore, we have reported that a peptide analog of TcR-V/33 CDR2 specifically inhibits the polyclonal proliferative response of human V/33+T ceils to unfractionated Derrnatophagoides pteronvssinus extract. 2 Although the mechanism of inhibition remains to be defined, there is increasing evidence that immunosuppressive cytokines may play an important role in the downregulation of immune responsiveness in a number of experimental systems. 3-5 In this study we reveal that the V/33-CDR2 peptide induces the production of the inhibitory cytokine transforming growth factor-/31 (TGF-~31) but that no IL-4, IL-10, or interferon-,/(IF N-~) activity was detectable in the same culture supernatants. METHODS


In this article maturation and concentration of DC from IRM-2 mouse spleen stimulated by MEK is studied.MEK obviously stimulates the CD11c(+)、CD80 expression and enhances the IL-12 level of DC.MEK can stimulate effectively DC maturation, shorten the time of DC maturation and enhance the DC concentration.


Hundreds of patients are harmed unnecessarily while receiving NHS care. Jane Feinmann reports on a campaign that hopes to make this much rarer


For pt.I see ibid., p.411 (1990). Outlines techniques that have been developed for high performance complex vector processing operations, in particular methods to implement efficient discrete Fourier transforms, and introduces some techniques, based on graph theory, for partitioning flow graphs with application to target tracking and system partitioning for distributed network CAE/CAD.<
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Subject. The article focuses on organizational and methodological issues of internal compliance control in e-commerce businesses.
Objectives. We refine the design and technique of internal compliance control for e-commerce businesses.
Methods. The study relies upon methods of analysis and generalization, grouping, systematization, risk-based, systems and business process approaches.
Results. We devised the five-component compliance control sysem, determined its principles and functions ensuring the economic security of e-commerce businesses. We suggest conducting compliance procedures intended to mitigate IT risks and accounting for the specifics of e-commerce business processes.
Conclusions and Relevance. In e-commerce, compliance control serves for identifying and monitoring compliance risks, ensuring safe operations of businesses, which is vital for people. The information system for IT risk protection was found to underlie compliance control, while control procedures can be classified into general and applied. The findings can be used to set up a reliable and effective compliance system for e-commerce businesses in order to prevent economic abuses and crime.


I believe that among the highest objectives a book of research can set itself, apart from providing a legacy of information that may allow the scholar to explore a hitherto neglected field, are to arouse curiosity, create new subjects of discussion, expose fresh issues, and offer tools for new methodologies of research. These objectives have been completely fulfilled in the volume I have the pleasure of reviewing, The Grotesque Dancer on the Eighteenth-Century Stage: Gennaro Magri and His World, edited by Rebecca Harris-Warrick and Bruce Alan Brown, and published by the Society of Dance History Scholars. It contains nine essays that cast light on an aspect of the history of eighteenth-century dance that has, remarkably, been largely overlooked hitherto: the decisive presence of the grotesque dancer on European stages and, more specifically, that of perhaps one of the most famous exponents of this phenomenon, the Neapolitan Gennaro Magri. Toward the end of his theatrical career this dancer and choreographer, who was also widely known and esteemed outside Italy, published a treatise, Trattato Teorico-Prattico (Naples, 1779), a text that is a genuine milestone for those wishing to investigate the huge technical and stylistic skills of the dancer working on the European stages of the eighteenth century. The articles in this new book reflect the subsequent developments of preliminary research carried out by most of the scholars represented here during


Two cases of subcutaneos granuloma annulare are reported. Clinical presentation was in the form of hard subcutaneous nodules; histopathology confirmed the clinical diagnosis. The cases were unique because of onset in adult hood, occurrence over unusual sites and absence of classical lesions of granuloma annulare elsewhere.


Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of varying degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Prevalence of GDM is known to vary widely depending on the region of the country, dietary habits, and socio-economic status.


【Task】 Starting sweetness, providing a sweetener composition with a temporal profile and / or more sugar-like flavor profile of a sugar-like sweeteners, etc. linger. In order to solve the problems] The present invention relates generally to a functional sweetener containing non-caloric or low-caloric sweetener and a method of making and using the same. In particular, the present invention includes at least one non-caloric or low-caloric natural and / or synthetic high-potency sweetener, at least one sweet taste improving composition, and at least one functional ingredient, for example, treatment of osteoporosis and / or prophylaxis on various functional sweetener composition comprising an agent that. The present invention also relates to functional sweetener compositions and methods can improve the tastes of natural and / or synthetic high-potency sweetener non-caloric or low-caloric by providing a more sugar-like taste or characteristic . In particular, the functional sweetener compositions and methods, starting sweetness, provides temporal profile and / or more sugar-like flavor profile of a sugar-like sweeteners, etc. linger. .FIELD 1


We have applied extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to the K edge of rare earths (RE) in a study of the local environments of diluted Er and Yb dopants in silicate glasses, prepared by sol-gel processing. Silica–titania–alumina glasses, doped with RE ions at and above the luminescence quenching concentration were investigated and EXAFS spectra were recorded in a wide k range up to 160 nm−1 not obtainable when working at the LIII edge. No direct RE–RE correlations were found, providing a strong support for previous studies. A model of RE aggregation derived from these observations is also discussed.


Objective: To evaluate the effects of dietary factors on cancer and non-communicable diseases. Methods: A correlation analysis between the consumption of various indicator food and mortality rates of cancer or non-communicable diseases was conducted by collecting secondary data from national nutrition surveys in Japan. Results: The consumption of cereal foods, plant energy and plant protein showed a significant negative correlation with mortality of cancer, heart diseases and diabetes; negatively related to the lung cancer and colon cancer in both sexes; a strong negative correlation with mortality of rectum cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer in males, and of breast cancer in females; and a significant positive correlation with the stomach cancer in both sexes. The consumption of animal foods, animal energy, animal protein and fat showed a strong positive correlation with cancer, heart diseases and diabetes; a positive relations to lung cancer and colon cancer in both sexes, and rectum cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer in males and breast cancer in females. On the contrary, a strong negative correlation was found in stomach cancer in both sexes; and esophagus cancer, liver cancer and uterus cancer in females. The consumption of vegetables and fruits showed a weak negative correlation with stomach cancer. Conclusion : The results suggest that diet not only plays a significant role in increasing the risks of some kinds of cancer or non-communicable diseases but also has a preventive effect. It is very important that dietary balance should be emphasized to prevent cancer and non-com-municable diseases.


This thesis is a study in theoretical cosmology with an emphasis on the high-redshift universe and promising directions for future observations. In Chapters 2 and 3, we propose intensity mapping of spectral line emission from galaxies. This is a technique to observe the cumulative emission from many galaxies without resolving individual sources. We use analytic calculations and N-body simulations to predict the observational signal for different emission lines, including those from oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon. In Chapter 4, we utilize the Fisher matrix formalism to determine how accurately futuristic 21cm observatories, dedicated to post-reionization redshifts, can constrain cosmological parameters. We find that these experiments may yield significantly better constraints than next generation Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments such as the Planck telescope. In Chapter 5, we perform semi-numerical simulations of reionization including a significant contribution from X-rays. We find that the large mean-free-path of X-rays adds a uniform component to reionization. Using these simulations, we compute the impact on the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and find that a contribution from X-rays could result in a lower value of the so-called "patchy reionization" component of the CMB power spectrum. In Chapter 6, we present the first realistic simulations of the 3-dimensional distribution of the first galaxies including the newly discovered relative velocity between iii baryons and dark matter. We use these simulations to compute the 21cm signal at redshift 20 and find that the relative velocity effect enhances fluctuations on a scale of ≈ 100 Mpc, making observations more feasible than previously expected. In the final chapter, we propose that the physics which sets the density profiles of dark matter halos can be understood in terms of dissipationless gravitational collapse in non-cosmological simulations. To explore this, we run N-body collapse simulations from cold and spherically symmetric initial conditions. We find that the final equilibrium states of these simulations have some common features with dark matter halos, including the form of the pseudo-phase-space density.


Introduction. In Latvian community, there is a strong social belief that BMW owners are more aggressive than the drivers of other car brands. Aim of the Study. To investigate the effects of private car's brand (BMW vs. non-BMW), driver's gender, and their interaction on self-reported aggressive driving behaviour among young Latvian drivers. Materials and Methods. Forty BMW owners and forty other brand owners (20 males and 20 females in each group) aged between 20 and 30 years, filled out the 'Aggressive Driving Scale' (ADS, Valtere, Perepjolkina, 2006). Results. It was established that drivers owning a sedan type BMW cars reported more aggressive driving behaviour than the drivers of other sedan type vehicle brands, irrespective of their gender. Conclusions. This implies that the vehicle itself, its image or other drivers' assumptions about it may possibly influence the behaviour of the driver.


We present X‐ray observations of the close binary nucleus of the planetary nebula SBS 1150+599A obtained with the XMM‐Newton satellite. Only one component of the binary can be observed in optical‐UV. New X‐ray observations show that the previously invisible component is a very hot compact star. This finding allows us to deduce rough values for the basic parameters of the binary. With a high probability the total mass of the system exceeds Chandrasekhar limit and makes the SBS 1150+599A one of the best candidate for a supernova type Ia progenitor.


The results of ICP‐OES analysis with (EPA 200.7) method serve as a proof of the negative influence of inorganic (As) from the processing of drinking water on the quality of anaerobic digested sludge. Detection of these proportions has for the first time confirmed the migratory flow of arsenic from the source point technological wastewater at Water intake 1 through the city sewage network to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Subotica. Arsenic (As) with low concentration at the input of the WWTP has ranged from 0.029 to 0.05 mg/L, but after anaerobic digestion, arsenic concentration in the sludge still showed a limiting character, which has caused a decrease in its quality and the possibility of wider utilisation. In order to preserve the quality of the potential biological product at WWTP, the impact of migratory arsenic must be prevented, and inertness of waste has to be achieved by the introduction of stabilisation/solidification technologies.


The language background of the style of newspapers,which was based on modern media in the late Qing Dynasty,was the abrogation of stereotyped writing and the governing position of Tongcheng school.In the period of Wuxu political reform,the rise of the style of newspapers became the outstanding political and cultural affairs.With the intervention of modern media,the classical language represented by the style of newspapers,had experienced an overall breakthrough of Chinese literary language pushed by government and people.Its plain,clear and expressive tendency had great impact on the Chinese traditional language structure.


The female inflorescence of Fagus grandifolia comprises two flowers; one flower terminates the first-order inflorescence axis, the other flower terminates the second-order inflorescence axis. Each flower is flanked by two cupular valves each of which arise in the axil of a bract. The two valves flanking the flower terminating the first-order inflorescence axis represent second-order inflorescence axes and the two valves flanking the flower terminating the second-order inflorescence axis represent third-order inflorescence axes. The four valves remain discrete. Each female flower of Quercus macrocarpa terminates a second-order inflorescence axis and is surrounded by a continuous cupule. The cupule first forms as two primordia in the axils of each of the two transversal second-order bracts. These cupular primordia represent third-order inflorescence branches. The cupule primordia become continuous about the pedicel by meristem extension. The cupules of Fagus and Quercus are homologous to the extent that the...


This article presents a method to control and stabilise systems with pure input lag. The approach is based on a new state predictor which estimates the future of states and guarantees that the prediction error converges asymptotically to zero. The state feedback controller is then designed based on this predictor. Furthermore, a sequential structure of sub-predictors is presented for unstable systems with a long time-delay and accordingly the controller is designed for asymptotic stability. The core idea is to design a series of coupled predictors, each of which is responsible for the prediction of one small portion of the delay, such that the predictors collectively predict the states for a long time-delay. Moreover, sequential sub-predictor method is used for robust control of dead time systems in presence of uncertainty. Simulation examples are presented to verify the proposed method.


BACKGROUND
Traditional open prostatectomies either transvesical or retropubic remains the reference standard for managing benign prostatic enlargement in some centers, especially in developing countries. The comparison of complication rates between the various types of open prostatectomies is usually a source of significant debate among urologists, most times with conflicting results. The Clavien-Dindo classification system is an excellent attempt at standardization of reporting complications associated with surgeries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed retrospectively the records of patients who had open transvesical prostatectomy (TVP) in three specialist urology centers in Anambra state, Southeast Nigeria, over a period of 5 years (January 2004-December 2009), with the aim of documenting medical and surgical complications arising from open TVP. These complications were then categorized according to the Clavien-Dindo system.

RESULTS
A total of 362 patients had open TVP over the period under review. Of this number, 145 had documented evidence of complications. The mean age of the patients was 66.3 years (SD 9.4 years; range 49-96 years). The mean follow-up period was 27.8 months (SD 12.6 months; range 6-33 months). The overall complication rate for open TVP in this study was 40.1% (145/362). Complication rates for grades i, id, ii, iiia, and iiib were 0.8%, 0.6%, 35.1%, 0.6%, and 3.0%, respectively. Most complications of open TVP occur in the early postoperative period.

CONCLUSION
Open TVP still remains a valid surgical option in contemporary environment where advanced techniques for transurethral resection of the prostate and laparoscopic prostatectomy are unavailable. Most complications occur in the early postoperative period, with bleeding requiring several units of blood transfusion accounting for the commonest complication. This should be explained to patients during the preoperative counselling.


In redesigning a methods course for Singapore Secondary Mathematics prospective teachers, we leverage on video technology to help them learn about the instructional practice of going through textbook-type questions. We find that this innovation generates learning all round – both for the student teachers as well as teacher educators.


Abstract Two novel biosurfactants – surfactin and its variant fatty acyl glutamic acid (FA-glu) – were compared with two commercial emulsifiers – lecithin, and a mixture of Tween 80 and lauric "arginate (TLA) – for formation and stability of emulsions and nano"emulsions containing cinnamaldehyde (CM). The nano"emulsions'/emulsions' antimicrobial performance against two common foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes was also compared. Two emulsifier concentrations (0.5% w/w and 1% w/w) and two homogenizing pressures (62.05 MPa and 124.10 MPa) were compared for emulsions droplet stability during storage for 46 days at 4°C, 25°C, and 37°C. Surfactin, FA-glu, and TLA resulted in formation of nanoemulsions at both concentrations, but lecithin did not. Droplet sizes did not change significantly during 38 days at stored temperatures for surfactin- and TLA- stabilized nano"emulsions. However, FA-glu and lecithin stabilized emulsions coalesced after Day 13 at 37°C; also, FA-glu stabilized emulsion thickened on the 38th day at 4°C. The incorporation of CM in nanoemulsions or emulsions did not lower the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for two bacteria tested in broths. However, the CM nanoemulsions and emulsions showed enhanced effects in inhibiting bacterial growths at concentrations lower than MICs compared to non-emulfied CM, with more inhibition from nanoemulsions.


This article discusses the "judicial marxism", which was characterized by the actuation of judges who have learned their ideology among student movements and labor unions. Brazilian Labor Justice was created in the 40s, but the true Labor Law charismatic founders were the hyper politicized generation of labor judges, stood out in the 80s and the 90s, when Marxist labor judges held their position, in the field, against the traditional view of a neutral and impartial judge in the Montesquieu style. It's known that judges who are politically oriented to Marxism produce "garantist" discourses (in Ferrajoli´s sense) when they utter a speech in legal terms (in their opinions), referring to the fundamental labor rights doctrine – which is based on the concept of dignity of work. However, sometimes "labor garantism" and "Marxism" don't coincide in attitudes of the same labor judges because it's not necessary that garantist judges have both the humanistic education and the political initiation in their backgrounds. The truth is that Marxism and garantism can live together, once we recognize that the prior is a political and philosophical doctrine, effective only in the political field, but never into the legal field, while the later is a major philosophical theory especially applied to law issues. By the 2000s, elder Marxist judges were challenged by a younger generation of hyper technicist magistrates formed at the benches of the career preparatory courses. By asserting the autonomy of the juridical discourse, rather than the political ideology, these legal positivist judges (in Kelsen´s sense), so called "professional jurists", partially delegitimized the judicial activism, particularly relevant in Brazilian Labor Courts. Nowadays, Judicial Marxism faces a crisis, losing space to pure garantist and legal positivist judges, although it still holds a formidable aura of legitimacy because it's the only labor law tradition that deeply  justifies the "protective principle", by assuming the class struggle theory as a main postulate.


The SBE Power Ring Film Capacitor TM offers the advantages of high capacitance value, low equivalent series resistance and inductance, and minimal temperature rise using polypropylene film. Recent work has addressed optimization of the Power Ring for automotive DC link applications with funding from the US Department of Energy. Under this program, life testing of over 600 1000 µF capacitors has been performed to validate the design for coolant temperatures in the 105 o C regime. This paper presents the methodology for the test program and describes the experimental apparatus. Results are discussed for testing to date, which has provided two million unit hours of exposure with only two failures observed after an initial pre-testing run which identified parts built with defective film.


This research was conducted on employees SKPD Riau Province. This research was included in the quantitative research. The type of data used in this research is the primary data by source. And then, in data collections sampling was conducted with a purposive sampling method (Sugiyono,2012: 392) with respondents as many as 81 employees who working in SKPD Riau Province. Data were analyzed using multiple regression with SPSS version 20.This research aimed to know the influence of the Attached Supervision, Functional Supervision, Preventive Supervision, Detective Supervision and Performance-baced Budgeting to the Effectiveness of budget control. The main problem that researcher descriptions are as follows: to see how many significant relationship between the dependent variable to the independent variable.The results of this research showed that Attached Supervision influence to the Effectiveness of budget control, Functional Supervision does not affect to the Effectiveness of budget control, Preventive Supervision does not affect to the Effectiveness of budget control, Detective Supervision does not affect to the Effectiveness of budget control and Performance-baced Budgeting does not affect to the Effectiveness of budget control.


Recently, in (Arias ML, Corach G, Maestripieri A. Range additivity, shorted operator and the Sherman–Morrison–Woodburry formula, Linear Algebra Appl. 2015;467), authors gave a generalization of a formula by Fill and Fishkind, regarding the Moore–Penrose inverse of the sum of two matrices, in the setting of arbitrary Hilbert spaces. We consider this formula under some weaker assumptions and derive certain conclusions generalizing the mentioned result. We also extend a formula connecting the infimum of two orthogonal projections and their parallel sum to a formula connecting the star-infimum and the parallel sum of operators which need not be positive, using the concept of parallel sum that was introduced in (Antezana J, Corach G, Stojanoff D. Bilateral shorted operators and parallel sums. Linear Algebra Appl. 2006;414).


The Rethoric analysis is a new tool that can be used in Art Pedagogy that helps the interpretation of art andbrings new keys in the production and reception of Art. It brings the possibility of relation different lenguages such as poetry, film, art and advertisment,and puts in connection creativity technics on different codesof creation. PALABRASCLAVE Analisis de la imagen.Retorica. Didactica.


In this paper is discussed the effect of water environment on the fracture toughness of glass chopped strand reinforced plastics. Fracture toughness tests were performed by using compact tension specimens of the composite immersed in distilled water for 10 days to 1.5 years, and acoustic emission signals were detected during the tests. The observation of fractured surfaces by a SEM and the quantitative analysis of dissolution elements from glass fibers by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer were also carried out to clarify the degradation mechanism of the composite. As the result, it was found that (1) the fracture toughness obtained by acoustic emission method decreases as the immersion time is longer : (2) the decrease of the fracture toughness is caused by the degradation of the bonding interface between glass fibers and resin matrix and the weakening of glass fibers due to the dissolution of the elements into the water.


The elaboration of new quantization methods has recently developed the interest in the study of subalgebras of the Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields over a Euclidean space. In this framework, these subalgebras define maximal equivariance conditions that one can impose on a linear bijection between observables that are polynomial in the momenta and differential operators. Here, we determine which finite dimensional graded Lie subalgebras are maximal. In order to characterize these, we make use of results of Guillemin, Singer, and Sternberg and Kobayashi and Nagano.


This paper presents a summary of the work performed by the authors on voltage sag analysis using a time-domain tool. The document describes a procedure for stochastic prediction of voltage sags based on the Monte Carlo method. A medium size distribution network is used to analyze the advantages of this approach, the convergence of the Monte Carlo method, the influence of protective devices and the importance of voltage sag indices. The limitations of the present version and the future work are also discussed.


On May 16 beginning at 9 a.m., NASA Glenn will hold a full-scale exercise to test the effectiveness of the center's Emergency Management plans. Any unusual activity that might be seen or heard is part of the exercise and not an actual emergency.


This paper analyses the element of the erosive incrustation of the centralized air conditioning system,which arose by refrigeration system and water system,and presents the treatment methods and some water quality standard.


ABSTRACT Composition of the biomixture is crucial for the success of a bio-purification system. The rice straw-compost biomixture (BM) was mixed with the rice husk ash (RHA, 5 and 10%), sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA, 5 and 10%) and wheat straw biochar (WBC, 1, 5 and 10%) and adsorption of atrazine and fipronil was studied. Fipronil was more sorbed than atrazine in all biomixtures. Both ashes and biochar increased sorption of atrazine, but the effect varied with the level of the amendment. The adsorption coefficient (Kd) values for atrazine in biomixtures were 6.82 (BM), 8.64 (RHA5%), 8.80 (RHA10%), 7.26 (SBA5%), 7.66 (SBA10%), 8.26 (WBC1%), 26.79 (WBC5%) and 46.68 (WBC10%). Ashes did not have much effect of fipronil sorption [48.92 (BM), 49.68 (RHA5%), 54.04 (RHA10%), 45.35 (SBA5%), 46.11 (SBA10%)]; however, WBC1% biomixture showed 100% fipronil sorption. The adsorption data were subjected to the Freundlich, the Langmuir and the Temkin isotherms. Among the three isotherms used for adsorption data modelling, the Freundlich isotherm best explained the pesticide sorption. This study suggested that ashes/biochar mixed rice straw-compost biomixtures can be exploited in bio-purification systems.


This paper presents a ray tracing simulation technique for characterize the radiowave propagation inside building. The implementation of an algorithm capable of enumerating a large number of propagation paths in interactive time for the special case of 2.5D. The effective dielectric constants of the building structure in the simulations are indicated. The study describes an efficient 2.5D model of ray tracing algorithm were compared with 3D model. The result of the first investigations is that the environment of the indoor wave significantly changes as we change the electric parameters of material constructions. A detailed analysis of the dependence of the indoor wave on the wideband characteristics of the channel: root mean square (RMS) delay spread characteristics and Mean excess delay, is also investigated. Keywords—Picrocellular, Propagation, Ray tracing


Prior to the 1960s it was widely accepted that the slave economy of the South was unprofitable and inefficient [14]. However in the 1960s a number of scholars demonstrated, using economic analysis and econometric techniques, that slavery was indeed profitable [5; 12]. This evidence was further supported by findings that per capita income in the South was not only high, by standards of the mid-nineteenth century, but was also growing rapidly during the two decades preceding the civil war [7; 8; 9]. Although these findings were important, they did not address the issue of the technical efficiency of Northern and Southern farms. However, in the early 1970s Fogel and Engerman determined that Southern agriculture was more technically efficient than Northern agriculture [11; 13]. This paper will also compare the relative technical efficiency of Northern and Southern farms for a sample of farms for the year 1860. However, the method we will use to measure technical efficiency is superior to that used by Fogel and Engerman. A non-parametric production frontier is constructed with inefficiency measured by the extent to which firms operate below the frontier. Using this approach, it is possible to determine whether technical inefficiency is the result of operating off of the isoquant (pure technical inefficiency) or operating at an inappropriate scale (i.e., not operating at constant returns to scale). The next section of this paper reviews the literature concerning the relative technical efficiency of Northern relative to Southern agriculture. Section three discusses the methodology used in this paper to measure the technical efficiency of farms. Section four presents and analyzes the empirical results and section five summarizes the paper.


The result of pot experiment with rape by applying mixed fertilizer with inorganic minerals showed that the application of mixed fertilizer could greatly promote the growth and development of rape could minimize the occurrence of pests and diseases. The yield of rape tested with mixed fertilizers increased by 68.8% -- 79.l% than those of contrast rape, and reached extremely significant level. Compared with rapes applied conventional fertilizer, the yield of rape showed an increase of 14.2% ~ 21.2% and reached significant level. The results also showed that the content of Vc in rape could be increased, the content of nitrate could be reduced, the quality and savor of rape could be improved greatly after application of this fertilizer.


It is a long-standing conjecture of Stanley that the chromatic symmetric function distinguishes unrooted trees. Previously, the best computational result came from Russell, who proved this for all trees with at most $25$ vertices. In this paper, we present a novel probabilistic algorithm which may be used to check the conjecture more efficiently. Applying it, we verify the conjecture for all trees with up to $28$ vertices.


Populations of Pardosa ramulosa (McCook) in alfalfa were sampled regularly with a suction sampler during 1971–74. Population densities of this species reached a maximum in late summer or early fall. Analysis of changes in the age-structure of field populations indicate that this species has one generation per year in the Sacramento Valley of California. Population trends are presented for the Erigonidae and the linyphiid Linyphantes aeronauticus (Petrunkevitch). Notes on the seasonal abundance of several other common spider species in alfalfa are presented.


5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) stands out among the chemical products derived from biomass as a building block in the chemical industry. The conventional production of HMF is usually carried out from fructose, glucose, or other monosaccharides as feedstock, but sugar beet molasses, a by-product of the sugar industry containing sucrose (45–55%), is promising. This exploratory study used three aqueous stock solutions and one biphasic system as the sources of sucrose. The dehydration of sucrose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was assisted by microwave heating and subcritical water conditions. The maximum yield of HMF was 27.8 mol % for the aqueous solution of synthetic sucrose at 80 min of treatment. Although HMF yield was 7.1 mol % in the aqueous sugar beet molasses solution, it increased 2-fold after clarification (15.1 mol %) and 1.6-fold in the biphasic system (11.4 mol %). These are favorable outcomes since this is an exploratory investigation. The pseudo-first-order model fitted experimental data from the conversion of the sucrose from the stock solutions, and kinetic parameters were estimated and compared. The estimated reaction rate constant showed that inversion of sucrose is faster than fructose dehydration to HMF, but the latter reaction was the rate-determining step only for the biphasic system. The maximum partition coefficient value was four between 40 min and 60 min of reaction, calculated at room temperature. These predictions help investigators to estimate conversions and selectivity when pilot plants need to be simulated.


A CMOS-circuit, which works as a four quadrant magnetic induction-voltage multiplier, is described. The sensitive elements are CMOS-compatible bipolar magnetotransistors. The logarithmized signal from the magnetotransistors is multiplied by the input-voltage in a transconductance multiplier based on lateral bipolar transistors. The circuit shows good linearity for fields lower than 0.1 Tesla and works at a supply current of only 1 mA.


Aim:  Insulin resistance is a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with end‐stage renal disease. Although some clinical studies demonstrated that angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) improve insulin action in hypertensive patients, the role of ARB among patients with maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) remains controversial. The aim was to evaluate the effect of the ARB on insulin resistance in patients with MHD.


I. Editors' profiles Bjarke Frellesvig (Ph.D., University of Copenhagen, 1993) Professor of Japanese Linguistics, University of Oxford; Director of the Research Centre for Japanese Language and Linguistics, Oxford; Fellow of Hertford College, Oxford. Frellesvig has worked mainly on changes in and reconstruction of Japanese phonology and morphology, more recently also on syntax. He is the author of A history of the Japanese language (Cambridge University Press, 2010) and A study in diachronic phonology: The onbin sound changes in Japanese (Aarhus Univesity Press, 1995), and the editor of several volumes on Japanese linguistics, including Proto-Japanese (with John Whitman, John Benjamins, 2008), Current issues in the history and structure of Japanese (with Masayoshi Shibatani and JC Smith, Kurosio, 2007). He is presently directing a large AHRC funded international research project on the syntax of pre-modern Japanese, based at the University of Oxford.


This document contains the technical baseline, work breakdown structure, schedule baseline, cost baseline, and execution year for the facility stabilization project.


Abstract β, β-Bis(alkylmercapto)propionates were obtained by the reaction of methyl propiolates with 2 equiv. of mercaptanes in the presence of tri-n-butylphosphine in high yield. The corresponding dithioacetals could be also obtained by the conjugate addition of mercaptanes toward methyl β-alkylmercaptoenoates, in which, tri-n-butylphosphine also catalyzed the addition of thiols.


The flat filtration flow under hydraulic structure with grooves is considered. For the decision of this task, the approached method based on methods R-function and Ritz is offered. The approached for several areas is received.


Cracks,goffers and other defects often occurred in large work-piece products by expansion mould due to the big tensile deformation.Polyurethane rubber expansion mould has been put into use in the small work-piece production.Motorcycle fuel tank,as a large work-piece,is always produced by steel mould and has the above defects.In this study,great modification of expansion mould of motorcycle tank has been made to solve the defects problem.Polyurethane rubber has replaced the steel convex mould of motorcycle fuel tank.The new design of polyurethane rubber expansion mould has successfully been applied.


This paper presents a novel methodology for tracking a single moving object in a video sequence applying the concept of rough set theory. The novelty of this technique is that it does not consider any prior information about the video sequence unlike many existing techniques. The first target model is constructed using the median filtering based foreground detection technique and after that the target is reconstructed in every frame according to the rough set based feature reduction concept incorporating a measure of indiscernibility instead of indiscernibility matrix. The area of interest is initially defined roughly in every frame based on the object shift in the previous frames, and after reduction of redundant features the object is tracked. The measure of indiscernibility of a feature is defined based on its degree of belonging DoB to the target. Three quantitative indices based on rough sets, feature similarity and Bhattacharya distance are proposed to evaluate the performance of tracking and detect the mis-tracked frames in the process of tracking to make those corrected. Unlike many existing measures, the proposed ones do not require to know the ground truth or trajectory of the video sequence. Extensive experimental results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Comparative performance is demonstrated both visually and quantitatively.


The Community Land Model (CLM) exhibits biases in evapotranspiration (ET) and total water storage (TWS) in semiarid regions. The TWS seasonal cycle amplitude is too low, while evapotranspiration is too strong and variable. These biases are consistent with excessive soil evaporation when the canopy is sparse or absent, which reduces moisture inputs into the ground. Here we improve the simulation of soil evaporation by replacing CLM's existing empirical soil resistance parameterization with a more mechanistically based formulation in which soil evaporation is controlled by the rate of diffusion of water vapor through a dry surface layer (DSL). The thickness of the DSL is parameterized as a soil‐type dependent function of top layer soil moisture. Soil resistances are calculated from the DSL thickness combined with a soil tortuosity factor. Compared to the existing CLM soil resistance parameterization, the DSL‐based soil resistances for a given soil moisture value are generally larger, especially for moister soils. CLM simulations using the DSL‐based soil resistance expression have reduced biases of ET relative to the FLUXNET‐MTE (Model Tree Ensemble) data set and TWS relative to Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations. Averaged over global semiarid regions, the CLM mean annual amplitude of TWS increases from 26.3 mm to 32.5 mm when the new soil resistance parameterization is used, in good agreement with the GRACE mean annual amplitude for these regions of 32.2 ±2.1 mm. CLM mean annual ET, averaged over global semiarid regions, decreases from 27.8 mm/month to 23.5 mm/month, closer to the FLUXNET‐MTE mean annual ET of 21.1 ± 0.9 mm/month. The seasonal amplitude of CLM ET also decreases, from 23.3 mm/month to 18.3 mm/month compared to 14.9 ± 1.1 mm/month for FLUXNET‐MTE.


The study was carried out from January 2012March 2012 with the aim of asessing species richness and abundance of rodents in Grakahsu-Hugumbirda state forest, Northern Ethiopia. Five altitudinal ranges starting from 1700 3000 m elevation having 300 m difference were selected. Sharman live traps were used in all the data collection sessions. Two 60 x 60 m square grids, one in bushland and another in grassland habitats were set to trap rodents in the two habitats. Each grid were consisted of 7 parallel lines, 10 m apart, with trapping station also 10 m apart (i.e. a total of 49 trapping stations per grid). Altogether, 94 individual rodents were captured in the study period. The species recorded were: Acomys sp. Arvicanthis dembeensis (Ruppel, 1842), Mastomys awashnesis (Lavrenchenko, Likhnova & Baskevich, 1998), Gerbilliscus robustus (Cretzchmar, 1826), Praomys sp., Mus setulosus (Peter, 1876) and Gerbillus sp. Acomys sp. was the most abundant (52.1%) and Gerbillus sp. was the least (2.1%) abundant species. Diversity of rodents was influenced by habitat and altitude. Highest (66%) number of rodent was recorded in the bushland habitat while the least (34%) was recorded in the grassland habitat. More number of individual rodents was also caught from 2000 m elevation and the least was in 3000 m elevation. Highest (H' =1.6) species diversity of rodents was observed in 2600 m elevation and the least (H' = 0.1) species diversity were recorded in 1700 m elevation. Studying the ecology of rodents in Grakahsu-Hugumbirda state forest helps to establish baseline information about the forest for conservation in the future.


We have used the CFHT REDEYE infrared camera to obtain deep J and K ′ images of four fields in the globular cluster M13. The composite (K, J −K) color-magnitude diagram (CMD) extends from the upper red giant branch (RGB) to 2 magnitudes below the main sequence turn-off (MSTO). onto the near-infrared observational plane, and these suggest an age for M13 in the range 14 − 16 Gyr. We emphasize that any effort to estimate ages should be considered as tentative given uncertainties in the input physics; however, these uncertainties notwithstanding, comparisons between the near-infrared isochrones indicate that age differences of order ±2 Gyr should be detectable among metal-poor clusters on the (K, J − K) plane. Building on this result, we find that the difference in J − K color between the MSTO and the base of the RGB in M13 is the same as in M4, and conclude that these clusters have similar ages. This conclusion is verified by comparing (1) the K brightnesses of the MSTO, and (2) the morphologies of optical CMD's. Finally, we investigate the mass function of main sequence stars in M13 with distances between 3 and 6 core radii from the cluster center. The mass functions in the interval 0.55 and 0.8 M ⊙ are relatively flat, independent of radius. Optical studies at larger radii have found non-zero mass function indices in this same mass interval, and we attribute this radial variation in mass function morphology to dynamical evolution.


Resolving Dooyeweerd's temporal/supratemporal dialectic opens the way to a deeper appreciation of naive experience and human identity as the image of God. This essay makes a case for that proposition, building on my critique of Dooyeweerd's idea of cosmic time published previously in this journal. There I hypothesized that time—temporality—should be recognized as the first modal aspect rather than as a transaspectual common denominator of the other aspects. The religious root unity of the human community is not a supratemporal, spiritual concentration point but rather humans themselves in their generations answering to God in all that they are and do. Humans are not temporal bodies directed by imperishable souls but whole persons-in-community, subject to all the modal laws and norms (including the temporal), living by faith in the true God or in false gods throughout this age, which opens to creation's fulfillment in the age to come.


Nearly 40% of New Zealand (NZ) orchid species are of conservation concern, some critically endangered, largely due to habitat loss. In NZ, there are currently no propagation programs for terrestrial orchids all of which rely on symbiotic fungi to provide the nutrients required for germination, and little is known about the specific fungal species that might make this possible.  To develop an understanding of the fungal interactions affecting recruitment in the field, a survey of endophytic fungal diversity from the roots of Chiloglottis valida, Microtis unifolia, Pterostylis banksii, Spiranthes novae-zelandiae and Thelymitra longifolia was carried out. The identification of fungi was assisted by obtaining sequences of the ITS rDNA gene marker. Seeds of M. unifolia, P. banksii, S. novae-zelandiae and T. longifolia were inoculated with cultured endophytes that were recovered from the roots of conspecific orchids, and their effect on seed germination evaluated. Seed viability using fluorescein diacetate was assayed on all species prior to all experiments and showed moderate to high viability scores for all species. Recovered endophytes belonged to the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota. The effect of the different endophytes on seed germination was variable, with five inoculants exhibiting a positive response. Three inoculants had a consistent negative effect on seed germination.  The distribution of orchid symbiotic mycorrhizae in situ was investigated at Otari-Wilton's Bush, Wellington, NZ. Mesh seed packets containing seed of M. unifolia and T. longifolia were interred for 150 days, along transects (≤ 1 metre) that originated at adult orchids at three sites, and an additional site with no adult orchids was used as a control. No small-scale patterns were detected; however, germination rates were higher at undisturbed sites. Seed viability was considerably reduced to <2% after five months under the soil suggesting M. unifolia and T. longifolia seeds do not persist in the seed bank beyond one growing season. Sequences of ITS rDNA indicate Tulasnella calospora assists in the germination of M. unifolia at this site.  Similarly, Tulasnella calospora promoted germination of the Nationally Vulnerable wetland species S. novae-zelandiae. Pelotons were isolated from the roots of S. novae-zelandiae plants from a wild population from the lower north island and cultured in Petri dishes. Germination of this orchid began after 30 days from inoculation when the pelotons are already observed inside the embryo. Chlorophyllus tissue was observed after c. 80 days of inoculation. The phylogenetic relationship of Asian-Pacific Spiranthes species with New Zealand Spiranthes was also investigated using nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-trnF) DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses supported the recognition of Spiranthes novae-zelandiae 'Motutangi' as a distinct taxonomic unit. It was also found that the Asian-Pacific Spiranthes species are in need of taxonomic revision.  Methods used and developed in this thesis study could be used to identify potential orchid symbionts and pathogens, assess suitable potential relocation sites, and propagation of NZ orchids using symbiotic fungi for restoration and conservation purposes.


We consider the annealing dynamics of a one-dimensional Ising ferromagnet induced by a temperature quench in finite time. In the limit of slow cooling, the asymptotic two-point correlator is analytically found under Glauber dynamics, and the distribution of the number of kinks in the final state is shown to be consistent with a Poissonian distribution. The mean kink number, the variance, and the third centered moment take the same value and obey a universal power-law scaling with the quench time in which the temperature is varied. The universal power-law scaling of cumulants is corroborated by numerical simulations based on Glauber dynamics for moderate cooling times away from the asymptotic limit, when the kink-number distribution takes a binomial form. We analyze the relation of these results to physics beyond the Kibble-Zurek mechanism for critical dynamics, using the kink number distribution to assess adiabaticity and its breakdown. We consider linear, nonlinear, and exponential cooling schedules, among which the latter provides the most efficient shortcuts to cooling in a given quench time. The non-thermal behavior of the final state is established by considering the trace norm distance to a canonical Gibbs state.


This study presents a designed framework of structural monitoring for coupled shear wall structures by integrating a theoretical response estimation model and a prototype micro‐voltage sensing module. Inspired by the deformation mode of coupled shear walls, a supplemental self‐sensing component is proposed for predicting the target flexural deformation. The self‐sensing component is designed to include permanent magnets and cross wires and installed parallel to the coupling beam. The relative velocity between the two attached walls is obtained using electromagnetic (EM) induction and measured micro‐voltages. Accordingly, the theoretical principle of the self‐sensing prediction model is then derived, and the calculation flowchart is presented. Illustratively, a detailed finite element model was performed in ABAQUS to investigate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed self‐sensing model under different excitation scenarios, and a parametric study is performed. Then, the nonstationary excitation is adopted to further investigate the performance of the self‐sensing model. Furthermore, an EM‐based sensing module for low‐level velocity measurement is developed and the prototype is tested by utilizing a shaking table test with satisfactory performance.


The work done consisted in the implementation of a multifunction laboratory with the objective of calibrating universal calibrators and 8 1/2 digits multimeters, based on an automatic system through IEEE-488 interface, developed using Labview software.


The attention for supporting students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) at university has recently grown. However, no research to date has looked into the fit between ASD and a specific form of education, Problem-Based Learning (PBL). The current study uses a newly developed questionnaire that focuses on the four elements of PBL: constructive, self-directed, collaborative, and contextual learning. The questionnaire showed to be highly reliable. Although higher ASD symptomology predicted reported experience of more problems and fewer benefits of PBL, these experiences were not accompanied by lower grades. This indicates that ASD students benefit from working in PBL.


The majority of literature on the impact of microaggressions focuses on ethnic minority stereotypes with little research on how microaggressions and negative stereotypes affect other types of minority groups, such as minorities based on social group. Additionally, within the literature on general group membership, it has been found that social disapproval results in the typical, global response of negative affect. However, the behaviors that are evoked by the negative affect differ considerably among individuals whether the response is to strengthen, maintain, or avoid interpersonal conflict (Richman & Leary, 2009). Moreover, there is no single model that can conceptualize the complexity of these responses (Richman & Leary, 2009). Therefore, the present study sought to understand the impact of a microaggression on students affiliated with Greek life at a southeastern university by focusing on how group identification, need to belong, and collective self-esteem are affected according to an individual's identity processing style. While the microaggression did not appear to impact participants' group identification or collective self-esteem, it did interact with an informational identity processing style to predict participants' need to belong. This research supports that even within a minority population, people react differently. Thus, strategies to help individuals within a minority group that have stereotype-related experiences may need to differ based on characteristics, such as identity processing style. REACTING TO MICROAGGRESSIONS 3 What is a Microaggression? A microaggressions is a form of aversive racism characterized by subtle insults in the form of verbal, non-verbal, and/or visual negative slights directed towards minority individuals. There are three types of microaggressions, ranging from most to least explicit: microassault (verbal or nonverbal discriminatory attack or avoidance), microinsult (conveying insensitivity and directly demeaning via actions), and microinvalidation (communications that negate thoughts and feelings). All forms of microaggressions are often dismissed as being innocuous by the perpetrator and having minimal effect on the recipient. However, due to the ambiguous nature of a microaggression, the recipient is placed in a challenging situation and is forced to think about several factors. The recipient has to determine whether a microaggression actually occurred, how to react toward the microaggression, and how to respond to the microaggression. This rumination and response process has the ability to influence anger, frustration and selfesteem, as well as contributing to diminished trust and psychological distress. For example, choosing not to respond to the microaggression may lead to an internalization of anger and frustration. Alternatively, confronting the microaggression may be an emotional release, but may engender other types of negative consequences, such as further perpetuating stereotypes of being hostile and oversensitive, as in the case with Black males. What is lacking in microaggression research is how to adaptively handle microaggressions and how to increase cultural awareness and sensitivity (Sue et al., 2007). "I, Too, Am Harvard" initially began as a play based on interviews with members of the Black community to create cultural awareness about their experiences as Black students at Harvard College. The participating students performed monologues highlighting their REACTING TO MICROAGGRESSIONS 4 experiences with microaggressions on campus. For instance, some were mistaken as waiters at a formal event (i.e., microinsult), or told that they were admitted because of their skin color, not their academic aptitude (i.e., microassault). Although these examples are not outwardly violent or threatening, they have the ability to make the minority individual feel like an outsider and question the validity of the microaggression and the intention of the perpetrator. The play premiered in March 2014 and quickly snowballed into a movement with other minority communities in academia speaking out across the nation. The movement's main purpose was to create awareness for the existence of microaggressions, and moreover, that a new form of covert racism exists that is often overlooked and undermined. A Tumblr blog site created by Dartmouth students called BigGreenMicroAggressions defined a microaggression as "...a brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignity, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicates a hostile, derogatory, or negative slight or insult toward people of non-dominant identities," a definition grounded in Derald W. Sue's (2007) pioneering research on microaggressions. The collegiate initiatives have sparked the movement to create awareness for the presence and effects of microaggressions in the daily lives of minority individuals. Furthermore, it has given minority individuals a safe platform to speak out about their experiences, normalize them, and receive social support. Although this movement is in it's early stages, it is already an example of why it is important to continue research on how to effectively handle a microaggression situation. Without an understanding of the dynamics of subtle microaggressions, they will remain invisible and potentially harmful to minority group individuals (Sue et al., 2007). Although blatant racism is declining with the rise of political correctness, the presence of ambiguous microaggressions remains rooted (Sue et al., 2007). REACTING TO MICROAGGRESSIONS 5 There is research on the fact that microaggressions do exist and that they do affect minority individuals negatively, however, there is little research on how microaggressions affect these individuals. Dovidio, Gaertner, Kawakami, and Hodson (2002) reviewed a series of studies that illustrated how contemporary racism (i.e. microaggressions) shaped different perspectives of Blacks and Whites (DeAngelis, 2009). The researchers found that interracial interactions of aversive racists could appear inconsistent and unpredictable, as well as dishonest or deceitful: an inconsistency that could significantly impact Black people's confidence in another individual's motivations and values, ultimately leading to interpersonal distrust. Furthermore, Jones and Harris (1967) found that people tend to over-attribute intentionality to another person's actions; those who feel discriminated against may likely assume that the aversive racist's behavior is motivated by conscious, old-fashioned discrimination, while the perpetrator remains unaware of the impact of their microaggression. The unpredictability and ambiguous nature of a microaggression leads to the potential for mistrust and distress, while also continuing the cycle of discrepancies about racial attitudes. Additionally, minority group members may be particularly sensitive to signs of rejection, and are more likely to weigh negative signs more heavily than positive overt behaviors due to mixed messages and biases between overt and nonverbal behaviors from out-group members. These findings suggested that minority group members are susceptible to effects of blatant and subtle discrimination (Dovidio et al., 2002). Much of the research on microaggressions has been qualitative, Offerman et al., (2014) conducted one of the first studies that attempted to quantify perceptions of microaggressions, and the first to examine an individual difference predictor of microaggression perceptions. The study was conducted by presenting participants with six vignettes that captured varying subtleties of REACTING TO MICROAGGRESSIONS 6 racial workplace microaggressions and two vignettes that served as a control condition. The participants included undergraduate students age 17-23, males and females, and multiple ethnic and racial backgrounds. Each vignette described an interaction between a non-Hispanic White male supervisor and a Black male subordinate. Participants' completed a perceived microaggressions measure after each vignette by reporting the degree to which they perceived the supervisor to be intentionally discriminatory and aware of the racial undertones in his actions. Prior to hypothesis testing, a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc analysis found that the differences in levels of perceived microaggression differed significantly between vignette type (microassault, microinvalidation, microinsult) and mean perceived microaggression significantly increased from control level, microinvalidation, to microinsult, to microassault. Thus providing support that less explicit forms of microaggressions are still perceived negatively. The results of Offerman et al.'s (2014) study suggested that group membership influenced perceptions of microaggressions and that there was a significant discrepancy in racial attitudes between racioethnic majority and minority group members. Additionally, post-hoc analyses found significant differences between types of minorities and their perceptions on different types of race-related microaggressions (e.g., institutional discrimination significantly lower for non-Black minorities). Given that gender had significant correlations with outcome variables, analyses were run with and without gender as a covariate, and it was found that gender did not change the significance of the relationships of interest. The finding that group membership influenced perception of microaggression is an interesting notion. Exploring the reverse could expand upon this notion by examining how a microaggression might influence perception of group membership; moreover, how other types of individual differences might REACTING TO MICROAGGRESSIONS 7 predict the influence of a microaggression on an individual's group membership. The results of this study highlighted the fact that there still remains a persistent discrepancy in racial attitudes between racioethnic majority and minority


Animals sensitized to methamphetamine (METH) have altered dopaminergic systems, including dopamine transporter (DAT) activity. We investigated the effects induced by a sensitizing dose (5 mg/kg, i.p. per day for 5 days) of METH on rat behavior, DA transport by the DAT, DAT density, and inhibition of DA transport by METH in both the nucleus accumbens and striatum. We further investigated possible changes to glycosylation of the DAT after METH sensitization. The dosing paradigm caused an increased stereotyped response in rats treated with METH compared with saline controls. In animals treated with METH, DA transport velocities were increased by 6.4% in the nucleus accumbens and decreased by 21% in the striatum. Western blots demonstrated that DAT density was unchanged in the nucleus accumbens of METH‐treated animals, but striatal DAT density was decreased by 20%. Further studies investigating METH inhibition of DA transport found that in the nucleus accumbens of METH‐treated animals, the IC50 was shifted to a larger value (from 0.81 to 1.45 μM). In the striatum, the IC50 was decreased by 19% (from 1.00 to 0.81 μM) in METH‐treated animals. Studies using glycosidase treatments and Western blots revealed that glycosylation was effectively removed by N‐glycanase and neuraminidase, but not O‐glycosidase or α‐mannosidase. These studies also suggest that glycosylation was not altered in METH‐treated animals. This study demonstrates that in animals sensitized to METH, the DAT is differentially regulated in different areas of the brain important for drug abuse, and that DA transport changes induced by METH are not due to DAT density, but to changes in the kinetics of the DAT. Additionally, this study suggests that glycosylation may not play a role in DAT activity changes after METH exposure. Synapse 62:736–745, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In support of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Energy, Environment, and Engine (E3) program, this study reviews and evaluates technology development opportunities, equipment upgrades, and best practices (BPs) of international and U.S. passenger and freight rail industry segments for improving energy efficiency (E2) performance and attaining environmental sustainability goals. FRA's Preliminary National Rail Plan, the High-Speed Intercity Passenger Rail (HSIPR) initiative and environmental compliance requirements provide new impetus for renewed rail industry E2 advances. This report presents data on comparative rail energy efficiency, emerging energy efficient technologies, and alternative fuels. Based on a comprehensive literature review and on experts' inputs, the report presents model corporate sustainability plans, rail equipment upgrade opportunities, system-wide BPs, and success stories that measurably improved E2 performance with environmental and economic benefits for all rail industry segments. Findings and recommendations are tailored to intercity and commuter passenger rail, as well as to freight rail carrier (Class I-III) needs and goals for improved, but cost-effective, E2 and environmental performance. Key opportunities include: public-private partnerships (P3) for Research & Development, demonstrations and equipment upgrades with Federal agencies (Federal Railroad Administration - FRA), trade associations (Association of American Railroads - AAR, American Public Transportation Association - APTA, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - ASHTO), international rail organizations (International Union of Railways - UIC), and regional and State environmental protection agencies for E2 and cross-enterprise sustainability improvements.


We investigate an alternative description of the SU(M)-singlet FQH state by using the spinless basis. The SU(M)-singlet Halperin state is obtained via the q-deformation of the Laughlin state and its root of unity limit, by applying the Yangian Gelfand-Zetlin basis for the spin Calogero-Sutherland model. The squeezing rule for the SU(M) state is also investigated in terms of the spinless basis.


Few species from the tallgrass prairies exhibit compensation to herbivory while most species from the montane grasslands of Yellowstone Park compensate for herbivory. This difference prompted the question whether plants which compensate may actually be competitively superior after herbivory. Two grasses, Andropogon gerardii from the tallgrass prairie of Oklahoma and Phleum pratense from the montane grasslands of Yellowstone National Park, USA, were studied. A labelled nitrogen fertilizer was applied to plants subjected to different clipping regimes. Procurement of labelled nitrogen from a distance equivalent to the species' competitive radius was equated to an active uptake rate of nitrogen (...)


Migraine has been found to be associated with patent foramen ovale. However, in practice, it is difficult to show that microemboli via patent foramen ovale can induce a migraine attack. Our patient showed transient sulcal hyperintensities on fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images during a migraine attack. This supports the hypothesis that microemboli via right‐to‐left shunt may induce migraine attacks through transient occlusion of microcirculation.


A recently introduced set of deep neural networks designed for the image denoising task achieves state-of-the-art performance. However, they are specialized networks in that each of them can handle just one noise level fixed in their respective training process. In this letter, by investigating the distribution invariance of the natural image patches with respect to linear transforms, we show how to make a single existing deep neural network work well across all levels of Gaussian noise, thereby allowing to significantly reduce the training time for a general-purpose neural network powered denoising algorithm.


A new method for the determination of sulfite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis is described,which is based on the discoloration of basic fuchsine in an alkaline medium.The calibration graph is linear in range of 0.04~1.5 μg/mL SO32-.A detection limit of 0.016 μg/mL is achieved at a sampling frequency of 38/h.The relative standard deviation is 0.41% for the determination of 1.2 μg/mL SO32-(n=11).The proposed method has been applied to the analyses of several foodstuffs with satisfactory results.


The purpose of this research is to know the curriculum model from goal aspect, implementation procedure or content selection, and method aspect and evaluation of developed curriculum. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach using ethnographic method of case study. Technique of collecting data by interview, observation and document study. The location of this research is Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Tangerang Selatan, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri I Palembang and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Asih Putra. The results of the study as follows: curriculum model of the goal aspect must be comprehensivenes, consistency, attainability, suitability, validity and specificity. From the aspect of choosing the contents of the curriculum should be: significant; validity; social relevance; Utility, Learnability, Interest; In terms of curriculum methods should consider the following criteria: Variety, Scope, Validity, Appropriateness and Relevance. In terms of curriculum evaluation there are four dimensions that are considered in conducting curriculum evaluation, namely: evaluation of teachers in using curriculum, evaluation of curriculum design, graduate evaluation and evaluation of curriculum system.


In recent years it has been realized that double-diffusive convection plays an important role in the mixing of temperature and salinity in the world's oceans. In this paper we investigate the convection which occurs in two mixed layers separated by a sharp fluid interface when there are two different mechanisms which can cause convection; firstly the diffusive type of double-diffusive convection and secondly the cabbeling instability. The term cabbeling describes the convection that can occur when a mixture of two oceanic water masses is more dense than both of the parent water masses. Because of the nonlinearity of the equation of state, vigorous convection is driven in the lower layer while the convective activity in the upper layer is reduced. This causes an entrainment of fluid from the upper layer into the lower layer and so contributes to the rate of change of layer properties in addition to those changes caused by the symmetrical fluxes of double diffusive convection.


The effect of truncal vagotomy on the intestinal release of secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastrin, and on their action on pancreatic secretion, has been studied in conscious dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas. Vagotomy caused a substantial reduction of pancreatic exocrine secretion in response to the intraduodenal instillation of hydrochloric acid, amino acids, and oleic acid soap, but did not affect pancreatic secretion induced by exogenous secretin or CCK. This suggests that vagal innervation plays a permissive role in the release of these hormones from the intestinal mucosa but does not interact with them at the level of the pancreatic secretory cells. Vagotomy resulted in a substantial increase in the basal serum gastrin level, but it impaired gastrin release caused by intestinal stimulants, which indicates that the release of intestinal gastrin may also be under cholinergic control.


William J. Wilson (1978, 1985, 1986) has hypothesized that the combination of increased spatial concentration and increased inequality of income among blacks has caused adverse behavioral consequences for poor blacks and contributed to the development of an "underclass." Lessening segregation and the general rise in black economic well-being in the postwar period enabled middle-income blacks to move out of segregated inner-city neighborhoods. As a result, low-income blacks in these areas now rarely come in contact with middle-class blacks, who had previously influenced social organizations and community institutions, and provided role models of economic and social success. Wilson hypothesizes that poor blacks have changed their labor force and family behaviors because of the social and economic consequences of this selective outmigration. Wilson's hypothesis has both an empirical and a causal component. In this paper we focus primarily on the former. In the first two sections, we review changes in the level and distribution of male earnings, and in the spatial concentration of poverty. The trends for blacks are compared to those for whites. The third section discusses the links between the empirical evidence and the causal component-did these changes lead to behavioral responses that contributed to the development of an underclass?


This article provides a description of an 18-month pilot program focused on the leadership development of the next generation of research administrators (RAs) in the State University of New York system (SUNY). The key questions for the evaluators were: 1) can we create a developmental program that effectively prepares the next generation of RAs; 2) what content generates the highest impact for RA leadership development; and 3) is the combination of an assigned mentor with a professional development curriculum series comprised of twelve elements an effective method of delivering the program? A pre-, mid-point and post-questionnaire, plus reflective essays were used in the evaluation of the program. The RA leadership attributes developed were: confidence, risk-taking, growth in multicultural values, and embracing multiple perspectives. Such characteristics are important traits for RAs to have in order to excel in a complex, changing, and interconnected professional work environment. Participants defined attainable career goals, acquired valuable feedback from mentors, established collaborative networks for problemsolving and advanced perceptions of self in acquiring leadership traits. Participants also practiced new leadership behaviors, volunteered more for workplace assignments, and heightened their mastery and sense of purpose at work. Overall, job satisfaction improved. The article incorporates recommendations for future mentoring programming in the SUNY system. Research Management Review, Volume 21, Number 1 (2016)


The improper design of traffic signal can be a cause of accident such as driver can not pass a large intersection because of insufficient of Intergreen time. Intergreen time is duration time of the clearance part of the phase corresponding to the period between the phase change point and the beginning of the green display for the next phase. In Thailand, design guideline suggests that Intergreen time is the minimal time that the accident will not be occurred and the least time is 4 seconds. However, the comparison study with international design guidelines from Germany, Hungary and China; their guidelines consist of description and formula to determine the Intergreen time clearly. The Intergreen time depends on multi factors such as distance, design vehicle and speed. This paper describes the comparison the intergreen time among four countries.


Autophagy, an intracellular degradation system conserved in eukaryotes, has been increasingly recognized as a key battlefield in plant-pathogen interactions. However, a role of plant autophagy in nematode parasitism is mostly unknown. We report here the identification of a novel and conserved effector, NMAS1 (Nematode Manipulator of Autophagy System 1), from plant-parasitic cyst nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera spp.). We used molecular and genetic analyses to demonstrate that NMAS1 is required for nematode parasitism. NMAS1 effectors are potent suppressors of ROS induced by flg22 and cell-death mediated by immune receptors in Nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting a key role of NMAS1 effectors in nematode virulence. Arabidopsis atg mutants defective in autophagy showed reduced susceptibility to nematode infection. NMAS1 effectors contain predicted ATG8 (AuTophaGy-related protein 8)-interacting motif (AIM) sequences. In planta protein-protein interaction assays further demonstrated that NMAS1 effectors specifically interact with host plant ATG8 proteins. Interestingly, mutation in AIM2 of GrNMAS1 from the potato cyst nematode G. rostochiensis abolishes its interaction with potato StATG8 proteins and its activity in ROS suppression. Collectively, our results reveal for the first time that cyst nematodes employ a conserved AIM-containing virulence effector capable of targeting a key component of host autophagy to promote disease.


Thank you for reading ideologies and political theory a conceptual approach. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite books like this ideologies and political theory a conceptual approach, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.


From 1986 to 1993, 102 mouth cavity caricinoma patients were botecl by radiotneraPy, of them, 51 were given irregular tractionated irradiation. They received 6Gy (A)→1 .2Gy (B)→1.2Gy (A)→1.2GY (B)→1.2GY (A). Afer a rest of two days, the forve cgcle was repeated. The total dose given was 64.8Gy/6W (10.8Gy/W × 6). 51 patients treated by conventional fmehonahon irradiation. The total dose given was 66Gy/6. 5W (10Gy/W×6. 5). Resulto: The improvement rate of short-term carative effect was 96. 1 % in the irregular tructionation irradiation graup, and 74. 5 % in thd conventional fraup Five-Year survival rate was 43. 1% in the irregular tractionation idrieation group, and 21 .6% in the conventional one, with a remarkably difference between them (P<0.05)


Researchers have developed new catalysts for fuel cells (FC), whose performances are compared after applying different normalization procedures. However, there is not a standard procedure. The current produced from CO electrooxidation was compared for Pt4Ru5Sn1/C and homemade Pt/C nanoparticles (NPs) normalized by different methods and the use of different methods renders different interpretations. Since the whole field aims to maximize the cost-effectiveness, a complementary method to normalize currents and power in terms of the total cost of the nanocatalyst, the Catalyst-based Cost method (CbC), was proposed. CbC considers the cost of all metals employed to build the catalyst, not only those ones with available surfaces. By applying a simple smoothing method on the prices in a time series, we were able to forecast the prices and consequently the power density of a FC. CbC provides tools for industrials forecast the designing of nanomaterials with improved efficiency and low cost.


Automotive system is the safety-critical and cost-critical heterogeneous distributed embedded system. Task assignment based on replication fault-tolerance strategy is commonly used to satisfy the reliability requirement of directed acyclic graph (DAG)-based parallel automotive application. However, automotive system development is redundancy constrained due to the limited hardwares and resources. Finding optimal redundancy under the reliability requirement saves the hardware and resource costs, and ensures the driving safety for the automotive industry, but the process is time-consuming by using traditional exhaustive method. In this paper, we propose the fast task assignment for optimal redundancy (FTAOR) algorithm to find minimum redundancy of DAG-based parallel automotive application under the established reliability requirement. Unlike exhaustive method, the verification time is reduced by using the FTAOR algorithm, which predicts and eliminates most meaningless computations effectively. Experimental results on parallel automotive applications at different heterogeneity show that the proposed FTAOR algorithm generates lower redundancy compared with the state-of-the-art heuristic algorithms and increases the task size to 150 with a shorter computation time compared with exhaustive method.


It is no longer news that the live theatre needs to go out of the four-walls of a university building in search of its audience. The history of Nigerian theatre be it from the literary or traditional perspectives is incomplete without a mention and recall to performances on the streets, market places, religious houses and other unconventional places. These arenas no longer experience the performance as in the days of old and their audiences are either completely denied of the pleasure or have looked elsewhere for an alternative. To bring back the lost pleasures to the audience and to revive the old practice comes with a lot of challenges and demands. These challenges and demands though appear as difficult tasks, they are surmountable. Theatre practitioners owe it a duty to the audience, if they are ready to brace-up to the challenges, to showcase relevant, meaningful and understandable performances to them. The improved and advanced technologies should not be confined to the building; rather their adaptability and functionalities should be subjected to test and used at some orthodox performance spaces. Keywords: Expanding, Performance Area, Artistes Ordeal


In this work, we study the effects of a transverse magnetic field in a Kondo lattice model with two f orbitals interacting with the conduction electrons. The f electrons that are present on the same site interact through Hund's coupling, while on neighboring sites they interact through intersite exchange. We consider here that part of f electrons are localized (orbital 1) while another part (orbital 2) are delocalized, as it is frequent in uranium systems. Then, only electrons in the localized orbital 1 interact through exchange interaction with the neighboring ones, while electrons in orbital 2 are coupled with conduction electrons through a Kondo interaction. We obtain a solution where ferromagnetism and Kondo effect coexist for small values of an applied transverse magnetic field for T→0 . Increasing the transverse field, two situations can be obtained when Kondo coupling vanishes: first, a metamagnetic transition occurs just before or at the same time of the fully polarized state, and second, a metamagnetic transition occurs when the spins are already pointing out along the magnetic field.


In this paper, a DS (Data Synchronization) server for mobile communication environments is constructed and the suitability and the performance of its operations are validated. The DS server provides a way to update the newest data and keep data consistency for clients (mobile devices). In addition, the DS server constructed in this paper supports various synchronization types, and detects all changes and conflicts. In case of data conflicts, the DS server resolves the conflicts according to the several policies implemented in this work. The DS server conforms to the OMA(Open Mobile Alliance) DS standard protocol for interoperability with other mobile devices and servers. In addition to the transmission-by record scheme proposed by the OMA DS standard protocol, the DS server constructed in this paper also provides the transmission-by field scheme for the enhancement transmission performance between the server and clients. In order to validate its operations, data synchronization between the DS server and the SCTS (SyncML Conformance Test Suit), the suitability validation tool provided by the OMA, is performed. The validation results show that the DS server constructed in this paper satisfies all of the test cases except the Large Object function. The Large Object function will be implemented later because the function is not needed for the personal information synchronization process which this paper aims for. Also, synchronization times of the DS server are measured while increasing the number of data and clients. The results of the performance evaluations demonstrate that the DS server is scalable, in the sense that it has not suffered from any serious bottlenecks with respect to the number of data and clients. We expect that this work will provide a framework for various studies in the future for improving mobile DS operations.


In this paper, an optical device with selectively perfect absorption in the infrared range is proposed. A transition metal nitride-TiN, which is considered as a potential substitute of plasmon material for traditional noble metal, is used to replace the noble metal used in conventional devices. In virtue of the Tamm-FP coupling mode generated in such a structure, the simulation results can obtain a narrowed absorbance band. By changing the thickness of the spacer in the cavity, the peak of the absorption spectrum varies continuously and shifts along with the Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) stopband. The filter based on TiN provides the possibility to achieve an excellent filtering effect in the mid-infrared range. It has potential application value and prospects in many fields such as spectroscopy, remote sensing, medical treatment, environmental protection, and the military.


1 Executive Summary Clinical data networking has the potential to improve patient care in various ways. Electronic referrals could cut hospital administration timess electronic discharge letters could help GPs provide better follow-up treatmentt electronic pathology and radiology reports could cut the delays, errors and paperwork associated with paper systemss and telemedicine could give GPs and patients access to a wider range of specialists while cutting travelling cost and inconvenience. One of the main obstacles to achieving these beneets is concern among both clinical professionals and patients about both the safety and privacy of electronic medical information. Errors in laboratory reports or referral letters could lead to incorrect treatment and cause harm or even deathh putting clinical databases on-line could lead to breaches of privacyy and the move from paper to electronic records will introduce new medico-legal complexities when these records have to be relied on in evidence. Some networks are made physically secure, using techniques such as armoured pressurised cables. However this is very expensive, and gives a relatively low l e v el of assurance. It is usually more economic to protect electronic information on networks using cryptography. This includes two basic techniques: digital signatures can help assure the safety aspects of electronic messages. They bind a message to its originator and can detect any alteration to the message after it has been signedd encryption can help assure the privacy of a message by s c r a m bling it under a key or keys whose corresponding decryption keys are only available to the message's authorised recipients. The NHS Executive's Information Management group (IMG) understood the promise of cryptography and published a strategy on it in April 1996 85]. Following questions raised by the BMA at a meeting in May y 1 2 ], some clari-cations were issued in 86], and in meetings with the BMA in June and July. There are now three encryption pilots underway, of which t wo are administratively directed and under IMG control while the third is more attuned to clinical needs. The IMG documents, together with the two pilots under IMG control, provide a coherent picture of a strategy for cryptography in the NHS. This paper examines the documents and the strategy they purvey in order to assess its acceptability to the clinical professions. A n umber of problems have become apparent.


Ringing is the most disturbing artifact in the image deconvolution. In this paper, we present a progressive inter-scale and intra-scale non-blind image deconvolution approach that significantly reduces ringing. Our approach is built on a novel edge-preserving deconvolution algorithm called bilateral Richardson-Lucy (BRL) which uses a large spatial support to handle large blur. We progressively recover the image from a coarse scale to a fine scale (inter-scale), and progressively restore image details within every scale (intra-scale). To perform the inter-scale deconvolution, we propose a joint bilateral Richardson-Lucy (JBRL) algorithm so that the recovered image in one scale can guide the deconvolution in the next scale. In each scale, we propose an iterative residual deconvolution to progressively recover image details. The experimental results show that our progressive deconvolution can produce images with very little ringing for large blur kernels.


Phe choleraphobia lasted even a shorter t'me than the epidemic itself. The Monster, at a distance, was terrific? and, we must acknowledge that, even "when calmly viewed in its just dimensions and proportions, it was a formidable visitor to these peaceful shores. Yet it is astonishing how soon we became familiarised with its presence, and released from inordinate apprehension, ^vhen it was actually before our eyes. -I his philosophic tranquillity was not a little hastened and matured by the assertions of the anti-contagionists, ^?'ho divested the scourge of more than half its terrors, by stripping it of its preconceived powers of propagating itself from person to person by contact. We believe few, even of our opponents, )vill deny that this Journal contributed lts mite to the consummation of this tranquillity?and still fewer will now raise the cry of contagion, or advocate the system of quarantine and seclusion. ?ut although fear has subsided, all danger is not over. It is probable that the epidemic will return, for a year or .o more, in the warm weather, though Ij1 gradually diminishing intensity, till ' ceases altogether, and shall only be known by history. On this account ^Ve shall continue to take brief notice of such publications as may come forth 011 the subject of cholera. A great portion of Mr. French's pamphlet is occupied with physiological and pathological discussions on the cause and nature of the disease. The Whole theory may be condensed into


We study the layered two-hop, two-unicast multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) interference network, which consists of two transmitters, two relays, and two receivers with the first and the second hop networks between transmitters and relays, and between relays and receivers, respectively, both being Gaussian MIMO interference channels. The DoF region is established in the general case, where there are arbitrary numbers of antennas at all terminals. It is shown that the DoF region coincides with the min-cut outer-bound, and is achievable via a scheme involving beamforming and aligned interference neutralization.


Real-time and accurate position estimation is critical for various multi-robot applications and serves as a prerequisite for location-based multi-sensor data analysis. However, it is often impeded by energy, sensing, and processing limitations. In this work, we study the problem of information-seeking in localization and navigation in multi-agent systems, which aims to navigate mobile agents while reducing position errors. We formalize information-seeking as reducing spatial uncertainty and introduce an efficient motion controller based on artificial potential fields superimposing attractive, repulsive, and information-seeking forces. We evaluate the effect of information-seeking on localization and mission planning in a simulation study with non-collaborative and collaborative localization approaches.


This paper presents the study of influences of damper asymmetry together with the suspension kinematics and tyre lateral compliance on the vehicle performance considering a roll-plane model. A 4-DOF, roll-plane model of the road vehicle employing a double wishbone suspension comprising a strut with linear spring and asymmetric damper is formulated for the analyses. The sprung-mass vertical acceleration, chassis roll angle, dynamic tyre forces and the tyres camber angle variation responses of the model with asymmetric dampers are compared with those of the model with an equivalent linear damper under bump and pothole inputs, and rounded-step lateral excitations. The results suggested that the responses are complex functions of damper asymmetry ratio, defined as the ratio of damping coefficient in rebound to that in compression, vehicle forward speed and type of input. The study further suggests that a very low compression mode damping is undesirable from both ride and handling dynamic perspectives.