The purpose of a stock compensation program is, typically, to create an incentive for executives to focus on improving stock price as well as to increase stock ownership. Unfortunately, companies have found that compensation is often delivered without an increase in actual share ownership. As a result, guidelines for appropriate levels of executive stock ownership have become popular as a way to force or encourage executives to retain shares from stock compensation programs. Although there are a number of arguments for and against these programs, many of the flaws and criticisms can be addressed through design and administration. This article provides a detailed look at stock ownership program design, including the types of guidelines that can be implemented, how shares can be counted toward meeting goals and approaches to compliance and monitoring. It also discusses other methods of encouraging and forcing ownership.


Multiferroics, that is, materials with a coexistence of long-range magnetic and electric order have been attracting tremendous interest because of pronounced coupling effects between magnetic and electric properties that may be the basis for novel devices in which a magnetization is controlled by an electric voltage rather than by energy-intensive electric-current-driven magnetic fields. For monitoring as well as controlling the magnetoelectric coupling, it is essential to have simultaneous access to the magnetic and electric phase of a multiferroic. Only then, the spatial relation between the magnetic and electric domain structures and their response to external perturbations like applied magnetic or electric fields can be studied. Nonlinear optics is particularly well suited for this purpose.


It is well known that some viewers experience visual discomfort when looking at stereoscopic displays. The disparity is one of the key factors that affect visual comfort in 3D contents, and there is a comfortable disparity range for a person. In this paper, we explore the comfort disparity, which correlates with the optimal viewing distance, as a function of the maximum disparity for an individual. Firstly, the individual maximum disparities of 14 subjects were measured. Then the subjects were asked to rate the comfort scores for a 3D video sequence with different disparity, to evaluate the individual comfort disparity. The results show that as the individual maximum disparity increased, the corresponding comfort disparity increased, and we found a correlation coefficient of r=0.946. The average ratio between the comfort disparity and the maximum disparity was approximately 0.72, and this ratio can be used for one to determine the optimal 3D viewing distance by a rapid method.


The goal of this article is to show that mainstream liberal accounts of civil disobedience fail to fully capture the latter's specific characteristics as a genuinely political and democratic practice of contestation that is not reducible to an ethical or legal understanding either in terms of individual conscience or of fidelity to the rule of law. In developing this account in more detail, I first define civil disobedience with an aim of spelling out why the standard liberal model, while providing a useful starting point, ultimately leads to an overly constrained, domesticated and sanitized understanding of this complex political practice. Second, I place the political practice of civil disobedience between two opposing poles: symbolic politics and real confrontation. I argue that the irreducible tension between these poles precisely accounts for its politicizing and democratizing potential. Finally, I briefly examine the role of civil disobedience in representative democracies, addressing a series of recent challenges made in response to this radically democratic understanding of disobedience.


OBJECTIVE
Mortality, cause of death and risk indicators for death among patients with traumatic spinal cord injury were investigated over a 30-year period.

DESIGN
A cross-sectional study with retrospective data.

SUBJECTS
All patients (n = 1647) aged 16 years and over who had sustained traumatic spinal cord injury during the period 1976-2005, who were admitted to Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland, participated in the study.

METHODS
Demographic and clinical data were collected from the registers of Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre. Cause-specific mortality was assessed using Statistics Finland's official cause-of-death register.

RESULTS
During the observation period (1976-2007) 419 patients died. The main causes of death were respiratory disease (28%), cardiovascular disease (21%), suicide (10%) and external causes (9.5%). The mean age at death was 55.5 years for men and 58.2 years for women. Ten-year survival was 97.9%. Mortality was significantly affected by age at onset of injury, neurological level and extent of lesion. Survival of traumatic spinal cord injury patients was approximately 50% that of the general population, and survival of the general population was 80% during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSION
These results support the need for improvements in long-term rehabilitative care and regular follow-up of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury. The importance of psychosocial follow-up services must be emphasized.


Abstract This article focuses on the influence of fractal-like tree node (FTN) on the mixing efficiency and pressure drop of the micromixer. The mixing efficiency of FTN micromixers with different branch angle δ = 30°, 60° and 90° are compared at six kinds of Reynolds (Res). We can get that the micromixer with δ = 90° has higher mixing efficiency at any Re. The mixing results of the center FTN and the stagger FTN micromixer show that the center FTN has better mixing effect. The angle of FTN and the number of FTN are the key to improve the mixing efficiency. They are also the key to change the pressure drop in the microchannel. The FTN can slow down the pressure drop and maintain the stable pressure drop between two adjacent FTNs. The way to obtain a more stable pressure range is to increase the distance between two adjacent FTN. This provides a reliable reference for maintaining a stable pressure in the microchannel.


Abstract: Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs) might be involved in the pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This study analyzes the structural characteristics of monoclonal APLs derived from patients with this disease. Patient‐derived B cells were immortalized using Epstein‐Barr virus transformation and subsequent fusion to the myeloma cell line CB‐F7. APL‐producing hybridomas were cloned to obtain cell lines producing monoclonal APL. DNA encoding the variable region of heavy and light chains of the antibodies was sequenced and analyzed regarding their usage within the V‐gene family and the existence of somatic hypermutation. Binding patterns of APL to various phospholipids and beta‐2‐glycoprotein‐I (β2‐GPI) were determined using ELISA, with special regard to β2‐GPI dependency. As a result, three APL‐producing hybridoma cell lines from patients with APS were established: JGG9, HVA2, and HLC9. APLs were of the IgM isotype and showed different binding patterns toward phospholipids and β2‐GPI. One of them, JGG9, showed extensive somatic hypermutations in both the CDR3 region and a framework region of the heavy chain. JGG9 bound to cardiolipin in the presence of the protein cofactor β2‐GPI. In contrast, the antibodies HVA2 and HLC9 (which also showed somatic hypermutations in the CDR3 region) presented polyreactivity to several phospholipids—cardiolipin, phosphatidyl‐serine, ‐ethanolamine, ‐inositol, ‐choline, and sphingomyelin—but not to β2‐GPI. In conclusion, JGG9 presents a high degree of mutation in the CDR3 and framework region resulting from the deletions of nucleotides, and affects amino acid composition. Polyreactivity and the absence of cofactor dependency present HLC9‐ and HVA2‐like natural antibodies that have no contact with any antigen. Nonetheless, these natural antibodies show somatic hypermutation of the heavy chain, indicating antigen‐driven maturation. Regarding the possible role of APL in infection, HVA2 in particular may represent a pathogen‐maturated antibody showing cross‐reactivity between phospholipids and infectious agents. Further experiments are needed to reveal the functional activity of these antibodies.


Seco, M.V., Duenas, M.E., Nunez, E. Melia, A. & J.M. Nieto, 1991: Winged aphids (Horn. Aphidoidea) caugth on suction traps at Castellon, Leon and Salamanca during 1990. Bol. San. Veg. Plagas, 17 (4): 519-527. The results of the alatae aphids trapped on Rothamsted suction traps at Almazora (Castellon), Leon and Aldearrubia (Salamanca), Sapin, during 1990 are showed. The catches of 1989 and 1990 are compared. One species is recorded for the first time in Iberian Peninsula: Schizaphis (S.) pyri.


Abstract Connections between Fluxus indeterminacy, collaboration and open-endedness are connected to contemporary game art and its creative and sometimes subversive moves. Beginning with Marcel Duchamp's interest in games and continuing to John Cage's interest in chance operations along with various Fluxus artist's conceptions, the author moves through techniques and issues that underpin digital game development and its relation to Fluxus principles. Questions are raised and answered: What is a game? Why game art? Collective action through networks and Open Source strategies are explored. Mods, patches, scores and chance and the ways in which they subvert existing games or integrate the creative capacity of game designer with player are discussed and sometimes shown. Prologue: Portrait of the Artist as a Young Gamer "[What is art?] That little game that men have always played with one another." MARCEL DUCHAMP "It can even be argued that much of Duchamp's oeuvre constitutes a series of moves designed to rewrite the rules of the art game." ANTOINETTE LAFARGE (SHIFT-CTRL) IN 1922, ANDRE BRETON WROTE THE FIRST MAJOR ARTICLE ON the work of Marcel Duchamp for the French review Litterature. Breton regarded Duchamp as "the most intelligent man of the 20th Century," but was dismayed to find that the artist spent the majority of his time playing chess. But clearly Duchamp's fascination was more than a mere distraction. Among the last works painted before completing his landmark Nude Descending a Staircase in 1912, Duchamp did a series of studies and paintings attempting to depict the inner processes of the opponents in a chess game. He played with a personal chess set he carved himself by hand, and his close friend and partner in Dada, Man Ray, earned his living for a time by making chess sets. At what was arguably the height of his art career, he "retired" to become a professional chess player. Photographs of Duchamp depict him playing chess more than any other single activity. One of the most famous of these shows him deeply engaged in a chess match with a naked Eve Babitz in the midst of a 1963 retrospective of his work at the Pasadena Museum of Art. The fact that he chose to make this statement in particular at a retrospective is telling. Was Marcel Duchamp really an artist, or was he in fact what today would be called a "gamer" whose art was merely a hobby, or perhaps even a game itself? The fact is that Duchamp started with painting and ended with games; his later work appears more and more game-like. The following pages will explore phenomenon of games as an art medium, drawing corollaries and contrasts between the Fluxus movement's neo-Dadaist passion for games, and the emerging contemporary practice of digital game based art. In so doing, I hope to demonstrate that the spirit of Fluxus lives on and may in fact be even more at home in the context of cyberspace. What Is A Game? I SHALL BEGIN WITH A DISCLAIMER/CONTEXTUALIZATION. I AM a game designer/writer, a sometime artist and an "accidental theorist." Due to a number of recent trends in culture and academia, I can now situate these disparate activities under the general rubric of "game researcher," a role that has remarkably quickly shifted from pariah to "oeuvre du jour." The majority of contributors within this issue are well qualified to discuss "art," from the perspective of practice, history or criticism. As will soon be revealed, I have spent a great deal more time thinking about the nature of games, from both theoretical and practical angles, than I have about art. In 1983, I began working as a game writer and designer in New York City. I was immediately plunged into the role of scribe, writing descriptions of game concepts being developed by a vastly multidisciplinary group of people, none of whom were game designers. I had the intuitive sense that some of these concepts were games, and some were not. …


Abstract. Projection lithography using extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light at 13.5-nm wavelength will be applied to the production of integrated circuits below 7-nm design rules. In pursuit of further miniaturization, however, stochastic pattern defect problems have arisen, and monitoring such defect generation probabilities in extremely low range (<10  −  10) is indispensable. We discuss a method for predicting stochastic defect probabilities from a histogram of feature sizes for patterns several orders of magnitude fewer than the number of features to inspect. Based on our previously introduced probabilistic model of stochastic pattern defect, the defect probability is expressed as the product sum of the probability for edge position and the probability that film defect covers the area between edges, and we describe the latter as a function of edge position. The defect probabilities in the order between 10  −  7 and 10  −  5 were predicted from 105 measurement data for real EUV-exposed wafers, suggesting the effectiveness of the model and its potential for defect inspection.


Pulsed laser facilities developed at the Gas Lasers Lab of the Lebedev Physics Institute and their applications for different laser‐matter interactions are discussed. The lasers operating from UV to mid‐IR spectral region are as follows: e‐beam pumped KrF laser (λ= 0.248 μm) with output energy 100 J; e‐beam sustained discharge CO2(10.6 μm) and fundamental band CO (5–6 μm) lasers with output energy up to ∼1 kJ; overtone CO laser (2.5–4.2 μm) with output energy ∼ 50 J and N2O laser (10.9 μm) with output energy of 100 J; optically pumped NH3 laser (11–14 μm). Special attention is paid to an e‐beam sustained discharge Ar‐Xe laser (1.73 μm; ∼ 100 J) as a potential candidate for a laser‐propulsion facility. The high energy laser facilities are used for interaction of laser radiation with polymer materials, metals, graphite, rocks, etc.


IN studying self-sterility in sliepherd 's-purse, it is important to consider the behavior of crosses between the self-sterile species Capsella (Butrsa) grandiflora and any one of the three self-fertile species which belong to the same chromosome group. Shull (1923) showed that when Capsella Viguteri twas used as the male parent, fully fertile hybrids resulted. A further study between self-sterile and self-fertile species (Shull, 1929) indicated that self-sterility segregated out ill the F2 as a recessive trait in a monohybrid Mendelian ratio. Further studies were conducted along this line by Dr. Shull, E. K. Hall and myself. A full report of this work has not been published, but certain observations have been noted (Riley, 1932). Several crosses were made between Capsella grandiflora and the other three species, and the F, hybrids were both perfectly fertile and completely self-compatible. Both self-fertile and self-sterile plants appeared in the F2, but the ratio of the one to the other was not 3: 1. The nearest approach to it was found in one family which produced 117 self-fertile and 57 selfsterile plants, or a 2.1: 1 ratio, but in the majority of cases the ratio was from 1.5 to 1.8: 1. As these data did not seem conclusive of anything, I decided to repeat the work later. Seed from crosses made by Dr. Shull between two Capsella grandiflora plants used as females and C. rubella and C. tuscaloosae as males were raised as I have re-


In this paper, a novel method to generate ultrawideband (UWB) doublets is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is based on exploiting the cross-phase modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The key component is an integrated SOA Mach-Zehnder interferometer pumped with an optical carrier modulated by a Gaussian pulse. The transfer function of the nonlinear conversion process leads to the generation of UWB doublet pulses by tuning the SOA currents to different values.


This paper assesses the determinants of choice, number and simultaneous adoption of sustainable land management (SLM) in three Eastern African countries (Ethiopia, Malawi and Tanzania). The analysis of nationally representative household surveys shows that the key drivers of SLM in these countries are biophysical, demographic, regional and socio-economic determinants. Secure land tenure, access to extension services and market access are some of the determinants incentivizing SLM adoption. The implications of this study are that policies and strategies that facilities secure land tenure and access to SLM information are likely to incentivize investments in SLM. Local institutions providing credit services, inputs such as seed and fertilizers, and extension services must also not be ignored in the development policies.


Evidence of pollen and/or resource limitation of seed production in the herbaceous perennial plant Polemonium foliosissimum was investigated. Large numbers of open flowers on selected individuals were hand-pollinated at regular intervals, and seed set was compared with that of control blossoms on those same plants as well as with that of control flowers on control individuals. Experimental and control individuals were monitored and reproductive output measured during the following flowering season as well. Although hand-pollinated flowers set significantly more seeds than did either set of control blossoms, the results suggest that individual reproduction (i.e., the total number of seeds produced by a plant) was limited by resources other than pollen. Pollen availability may also have limited seed production, but to a lesser extent. A proper protocol for examining the limitation of seed set is developed, and the biases inherent in most of the simplified procedures currently in use are discussed.


This study was undertaken to produce a detailed methodology for designing optimal passive solar systems for single family residences. Earlier work had shown that passive solar systems were economically more favorable than conventional HVAC systems. This study refined the earlier results and examined a broader range of passive solar system configurations, in a wider variety of climate and insolation conditions. This study was divided into the following four major tasks: methodology development, refinement of cost and performance data, development of computer program, and analysis of thermal/storage walls.


The main reason that hinders early treatment of ACS patients is delayed patient decision-making (PD). In order to explore the delay factors of patients with ACS, this paper builds a machine learning-based analysis model of delay factors for patients with acute coronary syndrome based on machine learning. Moreover, this paper combines structural equations to analyze the factors affecting accidents, and uses the generalized ordered logit model in statistics and the popular random forest model in machine learning to establish the analysis models of the delay factors of acute coronary syndromes, and analyze the functional structure of the models. In addition, this paper obtains data through actual survey methods, and analyzes the data through the model constructed in this paper to explore the risk factors that affect the delay in seeking medical treatment, which is presented through charts. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper is more reliable and can be applied in practice.


Karen Hart meets Yolanda Brown, a chart topping saxophonist and broadcaster who is best known to pre-schoolers as the saxophone playing presenter of CBeebie's, 'YolanDa's Band Jam'.


Through analyzing the video images and data of Bolt 100 meters competition in the Beijing Olympic Games,this paper tries to explore the reasons for Bolt's success from the technical movements,the entire process of running rhythm,technique,mental state and so on.Hoping the majority of coaches can get inspiration and achieve a breakthrough in our sprint running.


The multimodal medical image has become an important basis for medical diagnosis nowadays. In this paper, a novel fusion method for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) medical images is proposed. Firstly, framelet transform is employed to decompose the source medical images into base layers and a series of detail ones. Then, the saliency layers of SPECT images are extracted from the source image via frequency-tuned filter. The saliency layers are regarded as the base layers of SPECT ones. Besides, the models of spatial frequency (SF) and side window filter (SWF) are employed to complete the fusion of based layers and detail layers, respectively. Finally, the fused image is reconstructed by the inverse framelet transform. Simulation experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves much better fusion effect than the current representative ones.


[1] During February 2001 the CLUSTER satellites recorded a number of perigee passes through the midnight auroral zone. We concentrate on one pass, on 23 February 2001, when structured outflow was observed. Simultaneous observations of the aurora were available from the FUV instrument on IMAGE. The features in the ion outflow observed by the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment are compared with the auroral activity. Observations from the multiple CLUSTER spacecraft are used to determine the velocity of the outflow structures. We find a good correspondence between the observed ion outflow and the auroral arcs, with the highest energy outflow corresponding to the brightest arcs. The features at the equatorward edge, which are trapped precipitating ions, are stationary. In addition, the increased velocity structure at the poleward edge is also stationary. However, the bulk of the ion outflow structures, which are observed between these boundaries, are moving equatorward with a velocity of roughly 7 km/s, which corresponds to a velocity of 0.7 km/s at 100 km. One feature is observed moving poleward, at the same time that the auroral arc is expanding poleward. Comparisons with the motion of the auroral arcs and with the convection velocity measured by the EDI instrument on CLUSTER show that the motion of the structures in general agrees with the convective motion of the field lines.


[Objective] To investigate genotype and subtype of hepatitis B virus in 2 counties(districts) of Sichuan province.[Methods] Virus DNA were extracted from samples both positive for HBsAg and HBeAg.After polymerase reaction(PCR) and sequencing of partial S gene,genotypes and subtypes were analysized by phylogenetic analysis and deduced amino acid sequences,respectively.[Results] Of 49 samples,those with w subdeterminant and those with r subdeterminant be-longed exclusively to genotype B and genotype C,respectively;31 samples were genotype B/subtype adw2,1 was genotype B/subtype ayw1,1 was genotype B/subtype adw3,14 were genotype C /subtype adrq+,and 2 were genotype C /subtype ayr.[Conclusion] Genotype B /subtype adw2 and genotype C/subtype adrq+ accounted for most proportion,and genotype B/sub-type adw2 predominated in 2 counties(districts);rare genotype B/subtype adw3 also existed.


Cost effective metallic, ceramic, cermet and polymeric coatings may be deposited by thermal spraying. This article reviews the factors that must be considered in selecting the coating materials, coating process, quality issues and current applications. Thermal spray coating applications are classified here by function and industry, Primary functions served are wear and corrosion resistance, friction control, thermal resistance or conductance, thermal emission or absorption, electrical resistance or conductance, optical reflection or absorption, and catalysts. By industry, thermal spray coatings find application in aircraft gas turbine engines and non-propulsion components, metal fabrication, oil and gas production, power generation, petrochemical processes, textile machinery, automotive components, biomedical (prostheses), and the urban infrastructure (bridges).


The planning acumen led by the crown prince stands out during the banquets that were held continually during the reign of Crown Prince Hyomyung around the late Joseon period from 1827 to 1929. If we examine the changes in banquet space during the period that Crown Prince Hyomyung ruled by proxy, the Jagyeongjeon(慈慶 殿) in Changgyeonggung Palace, which was built during the time of King Jeongjo was repaired after the in 1827 during the reign of the crown prince and appeared in its changed form in Muja Jinjakin 1828. It is believed that the Jagyeongjeonwas expanded and repaired during the reign of Crown Prince Hyomyung to conduct banquets for important guests. Jagyeongjeon which was repaired during the crown prince's reign, is a space where banquets were continuously held during the three years that he reigned, and we can see that it is an important space for royalty where the authority of King Sunjo, Queen Sunwon, and Crown Prince Hyomyung was reflected. Yeongyeongdan(演慶堂) was a structure built in 1828, which is after the period when the Jagyeongjeonwas changed in 1827, and it is a space that emerged during the reign of the crown prince. Hwanchwijeong(環翠亭), which was constructed during the time of King Seongjong was changed after 1827 during the reign of Crown Prince Hyomyung and appeared in its changed form in Muja Jinjakin 1828. Hwanchwijeongwas the place where the Crown Prince Hyomyung stayed and planned banquets and it was repaired along with Jagyeongjeonin 1827. During his reign, the political intent of the crown prince was reflected not in superficial political spaces but in spaces where banquets were held and accordingly the main spaces for banquets and their related royal palace locations were changed or newly established. You need to briefly explain what this and Muja Jinjak are. New information is not provided in this paragraph. You have already established why the crown prince renovated the banquets and its significance in the first two paragraphs. You could just add "Jagyeongjeon(慈慶殿), Yeongyeongdan(演慶堂), and Hwanchwijeong(環翠亭) in Changgyeonggung Palace during his reign were changed and renovated during the time when the royal banquets of the 19th century were getting established. It was spaces that reflected the royal family and royal authority" to the end of the second paragraph and it would convey your intended meaning.


The state of Michigan is divided into two distinct areas, a lower peninsula and an upper peninsula. A five-mile bridge that stretches over the straits of Lake Michigan and Huron provides passageway between the two peninsulas. While Michigan's lower peninsula is heavily populated with access to advanced healthcare, the upper peninsula is a very rural area whose low population is dispersed over a large geographical area and access to advanced healthcare is limited. Due to the low population and geographical separation from the rest of the state, economical access to advanced healthcare is a challenge for the majority of the region. To combat this barrier, nine independent critical access hospitals (CAH) located in Michigan's upper peninsula joined with the region's only level II trauma center to form Michigan's first upper peninsula regional health information network. With a mission to improve patient safety, quality of care and offer advanced healthcare through the regional planning, development, and implementation of health information technologies. This project, which began in 2005 with funding from the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), has created a Web-based, portal/repository application that allow selected clinical information to be accessed by authorized physicians and other health care providers for patient care delivery and quality reporting. Project analysis has been documented and is presented in this report.


As a senior cardiac nurse on the British Heart Foundation's (BHF) Heart Helpline, my role, like many others, has changed in response to the demands of the COVID-19 pandemic.


Background: The nursing graduates must not only possess technical and critical thinking skills, but also be equipped to manage softpeople skills such as communication skills, character traits, attitudes, career attributes in addition to emotional intelligence skills. The aim of the study: So the current study aimed at assessing the relationship between emotional intelligence, personal meaning and psychological well-being among nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized in this study. The study was conducted at College of Nursing, King Saud University. College of Nursing follows the credit hours system. The present study was held at the second term of the academic year 2014-2015. Subjects: A representative sample (50%) of the registered students was randomly selected using simple random sampling method. Four tools were used to collect data for the current study. Tools of data collection: A Socio-demographic and academic data questionnaire, Emotional Intelligence Scale and Personal Meaning Scale and Psychological Well-being Scale. Results: showed that there was a significant statistical relationship between students' emotional intelligence and their age. Also there were significant statistical differences between students' emotional intelligence, personal meaning and the students' grades. While, there was no significant statistical relationship between students wellbeing and their academic grade level. Conclusion: It was concluded that there were significant statistical differences between students' emotional intelligence, personal meaning and the students' grades. While, there was no significant statistical relationship between students' wellbeing and their academic grade level. Recommendation: Further research was recommended to compare wellbeing and intelligence levels in young adults as they progress through the transitions of increasing independence that comes with adulthood.


Contents: Preface. F. Cooren, General Introduction. Part I: Leadership and Speakership: Which Voice Matters? F. Cooren, Introduction. J.R. Taylor, D. Robichaud, Management as Meta-Conversation: The Search for Closure. A. Pomerantz, P. Denvir, Enacting the Institutional Role of Chairperson in Upper-Management Meetings: The Interactional Realization of Provisional Authority. G.T. Fairhurst, Liberating Leadership in Corporation After Mr. Sam: A Response. Part II: Organizing and Emotional Display: Contradictions and Paradoxes. F. Cooren, Introduction. K. Tracy, Feeling-Limned Talk: Conduct Ideals in the Steinberg Succession Meeting. L.L. Putnam, Contradictions in the Meta-Talk About Feelings in "After Mr. Sam." K.L. Fitch, M. Foley, The Persuasive Nature of Emotion and the Cultural Nature of Feelings in Organizations. Part III: Strategies of Decision Making: Competencies and Coherences. F. Cooren, Introduction. R.D. McPhee, S. Corman, J. Iverson, "We Ought to Have...Gumption:" A CRA Analysis of an Excerpt From the Videotape "After Mr. Sam." R.E. Sanders, The Effect of Interactional Competence on Group Problem-Solving. C. Stohl, Bringing the Outside In: A Contextual Analysis. Part IV: Can We Study Interactions in Documentaries? Ways of Talking, Closure, and Data. F. Cooren, Brief Introduction. G. Philipsen, J. Leighter, Sam Sternberg's Use of "Tell" in After Mr. Sam. S. Deetz, R. Heath, J. MacDonald, On Talking to Not Make Decisions: A Critical Analysis of Organizational Talk. D.L. Wieder, H. Mau, C. Nicholas, Documentaries Are Not Data. C. Oswick, Closing Words (and Opening Discussions?): An Afterword on After Mr. Sam. Appendices.


Author Title Number of Pages Date Bastien Gouila Sound Machine Learning for Failure Event Prediction 30 pages + 3 appendices 28 November 2019 Degree Bachelor of Engineering Degree Programme Information Technology Professional Major Smart Systems Instructors Jaakko Palokangas, Senior Manager Peter Hjort, Principal Lecturer The objective of this thesis was to develop a system, which can interpret live audio data monitoring industrial processes to predict an upcoming failure event of the operative parts. The customer was particularly interested in the monitoring of pyrometallurgical processing furnaces where an explosion of one of them can inflict severe damages to personnel and equipment. The development and testing part of the study involved audio features extraction, machine learning models design and evaluation. The practical test focused on comparing the behavior of each implemented model while facing real data and observing how well or poorly they predicted failure events. By combining deep neural networks with speech recognition and time series prediction methods, the produced algorithm could identify and forecast failures several minutes ahead, giving the operators the time to react and adjust accordingly. Moreover, the results did not only match the expectations, but also revealed several potential continuations such as being adapted to different types of sensors and methods.


Abstract Technical efficiency of operating input utilization for 165 hen and 200 tom turkey flocks was measured using the Farrell efficient unit isoquant technique. For each sample by sex, flocks were arrayed by whether they fell into the range of increasing (IRS), constant (CRS), or decreasing (DRS) returns to size. Technical efficiency was measured for each flock by IRS, CRS, and DRS group. Results showed all groups to be highly efficient on average, with mean values of technical efficiency ranging from 93.6 to 97.0%. Hypothesis tests for equality of means showed no significant difference between CRS and DRS groups and between CRS and IRS groups for the hen flocks. The CRS group had a significantly smaller mean than the DRS group. For toms, the CRS group had a significantly larger mean than the IRS group and a significantly smaller mean than the DRS group. Grower payment, received per pound of marketable turkey produced, was regressed on the measures of technical efficiency and other identifiable characteristics of the flocks. A 1% increase in technical efficiency resulted in increases of $.0017 and $.0018/pound in grower payments for hen and tom flocks, respectively. At the mean grower payment, this represents increases of $217.42/flock for hens and $407.07/flock for toms. Assuming a 1% increase in efficiency translates into a 1% reduction in contractor operating input production costs, the total benefit from a 1% increase in efficiency was $510.95/flock for hens and $909.96/flock for toms. Hen and tom growers received 43 and 45% of the benefits, respectively. Relationships between some of the other flock characteristics and grower payment were significant, but their independent effects were relatively small.


This is version 2.0.09 of the macromolecular CIF dictionary (mmCIF). The history and philosophy of this dictionary are described in Chapter 1.1 and a commentary on its use may be found in Chapter 3.6. The data names defined here include a modified representation of those in the core CIF dictionary (Chapter 4.1).


In this paper, I explore how spirituality and collective rituals influence eldercare in a small town in Andalusia, Spain. I describe how older people's interactions with the town's Virgin Mary statues generate personhood, situating the Virgin saints as spiritually protective kinship care-givers. As ubiquitous religious symbols, the saints can be recognised by some people with dementia, providing reassuring familiarity. Older people nearing end-of-life seem to draw comfort from these saints, who become mediators between everyday and spiritual worlds. During fiestas, the statues are carried as part of celebratory processions, stimulating intergenerational solidarity and spiritual protection, and strengthening residents' sense of belonging, which can be especially valuable to older people at risk of isolation. In care institutions, activities encourage older people to participate in fiestas, reaffirming their community membership. For people with dementia, the multisensorial nature of fiestas can be therapeutic by inciting embodied long-term memories, whilst their seasonality can be reorientating. This paper brings insights from the anthropology of religion into dialogue with the anthropology of ageing by arguing that religious rituals have the capacity to generate a spiritually and collectively therapeutic role in eldercare; this then reveals the need to approach eldercare as 'community-centred.' It further demonstrates the capability of ethnography to reveal the diverse ways that collective cultural practices can influence eldercare.


DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2017.3.11.6 Abstract: Aim of the present work was to prepare the colon-targeting pH dependent microcapsules of Thymoquinone for the treatment of colorectal cancer. pH dependent polymer Eudragit L100,and S100 were used to formulate the microcapsules by solvent evaporation technique using two methods. Microcapsules were evaluated for particle size, shape, flow properties, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, percentage yield, drug content, and in vitro drug release behaviour, in vivo targeting efficiency. The formulated microcapsules were discrete, almost spherical with somewhat folded and invaginated surface, and with good flow properties. Thymoquinone loaded microcapsules demonstrated good entrapment efficiency (of 86.438% in method 1 and 92.49% in method 2). Result of in vivo targeting efficiency showed that the formulation can able to target colon effectively. Formulation done by method 2 gave most promising result compared to first method. It is concluded from the present study that pH dependent Eudragit microcapsules are promising carriers for oral colon-targeted delivery of Thymoquinone for colorectal cancer.


In this paper, an arrayed liquid-crystal microlens driven by a high-precision multi-channel electronic signal is proposed, which can generate a set of alternating current (AC) voltage driving and controlling signal according to user input. The device is designed based on the basic microstructure of a liquid-crystal microlens array, which can be approximated as a set of capacitance. Through an electronic scanning and driving method, not only the volume of the driving and controlling device for liquid-crystal microlenses is reduced remarkably, but also the independent driving and controlling channel is also increased obviously. The frequency of the driving and controlling signal can be changed by a control software. The output voltage signal can be better connected with a large scale liquid-crystal microlens array through FPC soft line. Experiments demonstrate that the electronic device can generate 384 frequency-variable high-precision independent driving and controlling voltage signals, so as to demonstrate a good application prospect for the partition and block regulation of a large area liquid-crystal microlens arrays.


Cosmos, Self, and History in Baniwa Religion: For Those Unborn. Robin M. Wright Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998. xi. 314 pp., maps, figures, photographs, notes, bibliography, index.


fMRI was employed to investigate the relationship between pre-stimulus neural activity and associative encoding of words and pictures in humans. While undergoing scanning, subjects studied randomly interleaved word or picture pairs. A pre-stimulus cue preceded the presentation of each study pair and signaled whether it would comprise words or pictures. Memory for the study pairs was later tested with an associative recognition test, which comprised word or picture pairs presented either in the same (intact) or a different (rearranged) pairingasatstudy,alongwithpairsofnewitems.ThecriticalfMRIcontrastwasbetweenstudyactivityassociated with pairs later correctly judged intact and pairs incorrectly judged as rearranged. A key question was whether material-selectivepre-stimulusencodingeffectscouldbeidenti fi edwhichoverlappedregionsselectivelyactivat-ed by the respective study material. Picture-selective pre-stimulus effects were identi fi ed in bilateral fusiform and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), whereas word-selective effects could not be identi fi ed. Material-invariant pre-stimulus subsequent memory effects were also identi fi ed in several neocortical regions as well as in the hippocampus.Whereasthelocioftheneocorticaleffectssuggestthattheyre fl ectthebene fi ttoencodingthatac-cruesfromengagementofcognitivecontrolprocesses,theirmagnitudewasnegativelycorrelatedacrosssubjects with associativerecognition performance and positivelyrelatedto false alarm rate.Conversely, thehippocampal effects also predicted unique variance in associative memory and were negatively related to hit rate. It is sug-gestedthat the neocorticalpre-stimulus effects may re fl ect encodingprocesses thatincrease familiarity of single items, whereas the hippocampal pre-stimulus effects are proposed to re fl ect either the encoding of task-irrelevant features or the retrieval of task-relevant information associated with the pre-stimulus cues. Overall, theresultsprovideevidencethatpre-stimulusprocessesmaybedeleterious,ratherthanbene fi cial,toassociative encoding.


It has been 14 years since Banco Palmas was created. Joaquim Melo, its coordinator, feels that it is time to reconsider some of the fundamental premises upon which this community bank was built. The case provides an overview of the importance of a holistic view of financial inclusion to promote local development. It is indicated to discuss social inclusion and local development.


A salivary stone on mouth floor was removed in a 10-year-old girl with cerebral palsy and epilepsy. If left untreated, sialolithiasis can lead to inflammation of whole salivary gland with severe pain and inflammation that spread to other side of salivary gland causing damaging of teeth, abscess, and nerve disorders. Special needs patients have difficulty to express their pain or discomfort. To overcome communication problem and offer appropriate treatment in proper time, a careful and comprehensive clinical examination including soft tissue and tooth should be prioritized in special needs patients visiting the dental clinic.


This article is an interpretation of the role of the Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs) - church base communities - in Brazil's democratization, inspired by Habermas's theory of "communicative action." The basic point is that CEB influence is focused on motivational effects rather than on a direct politicization. These effects may have a crucial importance for the process of democratization, when they relate to local changes in the political culture. They may help popular groups to overcome submissiveness to authoritarian traditions and to work out new values and strategies for social action and political participation. The formation and development of democratic institutions and ideologies depends, nevertheless, on other historical conditions beyond the influence of the CEBs. The first part of the article examines the influence of the CEBs on urban neighborhood associations of low income groups in two different cities, presenting data on local changes in political culture. The second part looks at the CEBs' internal processes of resocialization, comparing their motivational consequences for sociopolitical change in three different regions, two of them in the countryside.


This article medical institutions groups of Uzbek Russian dialogue , as the use of anatomical terms and professionals aboutthe use of professional disciplines and practice the language of Doomsday


Slang is confidential informal English, which is created and used by a society. This study discusses about an analysis of slang in the Skin movie. The purpose of this study is to find the type of slang and the reason why people / society used slang words in daily conversation. The source of the data was taken from the script of Skin movie. Skin movie was classified as a biographical drama movie released on 2018 in Tokyo and directed by Guy Nattiv. The research design used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research with a document or content analysis as the research type. This thesis is described one by one word or phrase of slang found from the Skin movie by using dictionaries and theory related to slang. From the analysis, there are fifty-two slang words found and one type of slang used, they were society slang. Then the reasons found and used in this study are at least seven types. There were in sheer high spirits, to express humour, to be different, to express surprising / shocking, to be brief and concise, to express refusal / rejection, and to show friendliness. This study highly expected to give contribution for the readers to know about slangs clearly. It can help the readers speak English fluently. Then, it can also be expected to enrich the new English vocabulary used in daily conversation.


Western sociology of the body, despite its attempt to create a somatic approach to human existence, inevitably shares many of the rationalistic and Cartesian assumptions of wider Western sociology. A contrasting, and in many ways radically different approach is that found in both classical and contemporary Japanese thought. In this article two major contemporary Japanese theorists of the body - Ichikawa Hiroshi and Yuasa Yasuo - are introduced and their work examined as distinctive, and in the West virtually unknown, contributions to body analysis. Their views are briefly contrasted with some of the major themes of Western, and in particular British, sociology of the body and the implications of their work for future investigation of the human body are sketched out.


Turkey's and Sudan's governments use similar genocide denial tactics. This article, by closely examining Turkey's tactic of claiming an Armenian rebellion, can help scholars combat similar claims by Sudan. Deniers claim the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) fomented a rebellion, but they elide the fact that Turkey's ruling party tried to recruit the ARF to form a fifth column behind Russian lines. They also dismiss as a subterfuge the ARF World Congress decision that Ottoman and Russian Armenians must join their respective armies. These authors ignore multiple sources describing the interparty negotiations but base their positions on a book by Esat Uras, a perpetrator of the genocide, which created the template for denial. Deniers also distort the formation of volunteer regiments in the Russian army, made up predominantly of Russian Armenians, into a mass movement of Armenians deserting the Ottoman army to conduct guerilla warfare. The evidence for these false claims consists of a single Ottoman intelligence report and distortions of Armenian sources. But the internal deliberations of the ARF show no evidence of a conspiracy with Russia.


Neurologic side effects such as myalgia and paresthesias have been noted after interferon (IFN) treatment for cancer. To investigate cognitive and emotional symptoms, researchers submitted to testing a group of 25 patients with …


Some theoretical and practical problems of the conjectural codification of socio securing legislation are under consideration, arguments concerning the form and possible results of the appropriate codificational work are given. Both the perquisites of elaboration of the Social Code and the perspectives of its enactment as well as its influence on the system of social security of people in the Russian Federation are under analysis.


Over the more than thirty-year life of women's studies as an interdiscipline, there has been a growing commitment in the United States to diversifying the curriculum-an effort certainly still in progress. Both the integration of the experiences of the diversity of women in the United States and the globalization of the curriculum have progressed with more or less success in programs with offerings ranging from an undergraduate minor or concentration to a Ph.D. Often the impetus for curricular diversity comes from the demands of the students or the interests and expertise of the faculty. In metropolitan areas with diverse populations, colleges and universities draw both international students and students of color from within the United States. They often (but not always) have a faculty reflecting such diversity. However, institutions in more rural areas, especially in northern-tier states with less racial diversity and with fewer international faculty and students, face challenges. More well developed women's studies programs with their own tenure lines can choose to hire faculty with a wide range of diversity, but women's studies programs without tenure lines have had to find other ways to offer a racially and ethnically diverse international curriculum. The University of Maine, the largest and most comprehensive university in the state, certainly epitomizes that problem. The 2000 census identified Maine as the whitest state in the United States, and while the university is somewhat more diverse, the percentage of international students and students of color is still very low. Our students often come from towns smaller than the university in population, are often in the first generation of their families to go to college, and have not usually traveled much outside the state, let alone outside the country. Our women's studies program offers an undergraduate major and minor as well as a graduate concentration but has no tenure lines. The director's position, although full-time, is defined as that of a faculty member with tenure in a department. The program offers its own Women's Studies (WST)-designated courses, cross-lists other interdisciplinary courses, and maintains a list of approved departmental electives. Cross-listed courses include American Indian Women and Franco-American Women's Experiences, taught by women from those areas. Jewish Women in History and Culture and Introduction to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Studies are offered in women's studies, pending the development of programs in Jewish studies or LGBT studies. A travel-study course taught by a German faculty member in family studies takes about a dozen students to Germany and the Netherlands every year during the two-week March break with whatever financial help we are able to provide them. While occasionally U.S. women of color or international scholars can be recruited to teach the rest of the WST-designated courses, the bulk of the teaching has been done by white faculty. Since our women's studies program grew out of a curriculum transformation project aimed at decentering the male experience in the whole university curriculum, the language and conceptual frameworks to diversify and globalize the women's studies curriculum were part of at least some faculty members' consciousness; this time diversity was considered as the courses were being developed. Mindful of what Linda Alcoff (1991) has identified as "the problem of speaking for others," the faculty have chosen texts that integrate a variety of women's experiences into the discussion of each topic, have assigned extra readings to reflect diversity, and have invited guest speakers to their classes. And they have chosen videos from our program's collection to show in their classes. (We use the term "video" throughout this article although some of the titles we will mention are available as films as well. All are available as videos, which our faculty find much easier to use. …


Ultrafine ZnS nanowires have been grown successfully through thermal evaporation of zinc powder and sulfur powder at 580 and 90 °C respectively. The nanowires are mainly in the range of 5–12 nm in diameter, and several microns in length. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscope analysis shows that the ZnS nanowires are of wurtzite structure and have two different growth directions of [001] and []. The growth mechanism is discussed in detail.


To avoid the shortcomings in the choice of decision variable,heuristic function and route expression,this paper proposes a new heuristic route planning approach that features some key threat points.The angle of attack,sideslip and roll are used as independent decision variables for decision-making.The cost function takes several factors into consideration,such as threat degree,overload and the distance to destination.Dynamic and kinematic constraint equations of the missile are established and a smooth trajectory is generated by Runge Kutta(R-K) integral.Finally,taking the bacd to turn(BTT) lateral symmetric long range supersonic missile as an example,simulation experiments are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach,which satisfies various constraints and can obtain an optimal route rapidly.


The accuracy and reliability of the measured differential path in satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry are strongly affected by the uncertainty in the estimation of the atmospheric contribution. Changes in the physical parameters of the medium, due to turbulence layers or gas concentrations, induce slight variations in the curvature of the propagation path that finally generate an overall disturbance term that is usually comparable, or even larger, than the displacement to be observed. A stochastic model for the three dimensional path field is derived by considering a plane wave propagating in a random layered medium. In the vertical direction a piecewise-linear walk, made by straight ray subpaths, is assumed, wherein the length of each path (thickness of the layer) and the number of paths are modelled as random variables. Along the horizontal plane mutual interactions among cells are defined through an interaction equation that closely resembles typical competitions in biological evolution models. The resulting parametric model is fitted with observations from the residual atmosphere, as measured after topographic removal in SAR images, and results are shown.


elliptic curves function theory geometry arithmetic is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the elliptic curves function theory geometry arithmetic is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Dr Donne sent for a Carver to make for him in wood the figure of an Urn, giving him directions for the compass and height of it; and, to bring with it a board of the height of his body. These being got, then without delay a choice Painter was to be in a readiness to draw his picture, which was taken as followeth. Several Charcole-fires being first made in his large Study, he brought with him into that place his winding-sheet in his hand; and, having put off all his cloaths, had this sheet put on him, and so tyed with knots at his head and feet, and his hands so placed, as dead bodies are usually fitted to be shrowded and put into the grave. Upon this Urn he thus stood with his eyes shut, and with so much of the sheet turned aside as might shew his lean, pale, and death-like face; which was purposely turned toward the East, from whence he expected the second coming of his and our Saviour. Thus he was drawn at his just height; and when the picture was fully finished, he caused it to be set by his bed-side, where it continued, and became his hourly object till his death.3


The utility model discloses a solar photovoltaic installation steel member. The solar photovoltaic installation steel member comprises a frame body. Symmetrical clamping grooves are arranged in the frame body, and two corners are arranged on the connection portions of the clamping grooves and the frame body. The solar photovoltaic installation steel member can be formed by bending plates, a manufacturing process is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.


Previous studies have shown that thrombi, which may completely block the blood flow in a vessel, can be dissolved by ultrasound acting on echo-contrast agent microbubbles. The presumed mechanism is acoustic cavitation, the radial oscillations of the bubbles, which can exert locally large forces on the fibrin ropes that make up the clot matrix. However, the movement of the bubbles through the clot in the absence of flow suggests that acoustic radiation force also plays an important role. Because detailed mechanistic modeling of this process is not available, we present here a heuristic study in which microbubble transit times in gels of various porosities were measured and described by a simplified percolation theory. Results suggest considerations for optimizing the penetration of active microbubbles in sonothrombolysis.


AbstractThis pedagogy article addresses the idea that, because of the performance aspect of teaching, a teacher can improve her or his abilities by using tools of the actor. In this article, we delineate four steps for actor scene preparation outlined in Robert Cohen's Acting One, and we relate these steps to teaching. Cohen calls these four steps GOTE: goals, obstacles, tactics (or "techniques"), and expectations. Individually, and as a whole, these steps are powerful tools for focusing and enlivening a performance. We then provide examples of three possible teaching goals and the GOTE preparation system.Keywordsteaching, acting, performance, tools of the actor, pedagogyIntroduction"All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances, and one man in his time plays many parts." (William Shakespeare, As You Like It, 2. 7. 139-142)At some time in our lives, we all play the roles of teacher or mentor. Like the roles of an actor, these roles are played in a public forum. The audience members are those who came for the opportunity to see the performance. The audience members in our classrooms are the students who enroll in and participate in our courses. Rose and Linney (1992) state the following.Despite differences... [b]oth disciplines dignify previous experience, acknowledge emotions as sources of knowledge, and affirm the aesthetic traditions of our work. Teaching and acting both require that we express and perform our understanding of texts. The play is always reinterpreted by the director, the actors, the designers, and the audience. Similarly, the officiai curriculum becomes a script in the hands of the teacher who includes, ignores, and interprets the canon through his or her own knowledge and experiences, (p. 24)Our goal in this article is to provide insight on becoming the best supporting or lead actor possible in the classroom. We propose that students also serve as actors in the classroom. Hopefully, faculty and students are working together actively to achieve learning goals. Therefore, though often actors, teachers are also sometimes audience members in the classroom. The same is true for students. They are sometimes actors as well as sometimes audience members in the classroom. We will examine one aspect of acting as related to teaching: the GOTE preparation approach.Acting as a TeacherThis pedagogy paper addresses the idea that, because of the performance aspect of teaching (as also suggested by Ronald A. Berk in Humor as an Instructional Defibnllator, 2002) , a teacher can improve his or her abilities by using the tools of the actor.35 This is certainly not a new concept. Gregory (2006), for one, rekindled his drive to be an outstanding teacher by taking an acting class. Gregory's active participation as an acting student gave him valuable insight into acting as a teacher. Gregory concludes that the best teachers operate in a manner similar to actors. That is, they incorporate (or consume) the information they want to get across so that this information becomes part of them. They no longer memorize lines, but internalize their roles. By doing this, they show their students the importance of the information in a dramatic context.In this article, we delineate four steps for actor scene preparation, as outlined in Robert Cohen's Acting One (2002), and relate these steps to teaching. Cohen calls these four steps GOTE - an acronym that stands for: Goals, Obstacles, Tactics (for our purpose, we also will use the word "techniques"), and Expectations. Both individually and as a whole, these steps serve as powerful tools for focusing and enlivening a performance. We then provide examples of three possible teaching goals, and follow these goals through the GOTE preparation system used in acting. While walking the reader through the steps of the GOTE, this article incorporates aspects of acting in the discussion on each step. …


General mutlivariate covariance identities are obtained, and some applications are given. The Siegel's identity for the Normal is extended to other distributions. Some characterization results are also provided and, furtermore, upper and lower variance bounds for linear estimators based on normal order statistics are obtained.


Translation is not done in a vacuum, but rather influenced by varied factors. By studying the factors that manipulate the translated text we can examine how a translation comes into being. In the veins of cultural translation approach, the thesis examines mainly two translations of Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye published in China and Taiwan. The main body of the thesis will be divided into three sections by three important factors noted by Andre Lefevere, namely patronage, ideology, and poetics. Chapter One will be an overview on Toni Morrison and her major works, and delineate the translating history of The Bluest Eye in the Chinese world. A brief translation commentary on Chen Su-dong's and Ceng Zhen-zhen's Chinese versions will be provided as well. Chapter Two will discuss the influence of patronage, which affects and shapes the final image of the translated text. Patronage also plays a significant role in the delay of translating Morrison's works into Chinese and helps to establish her image through the academic circle. Chapter Three then will analyze how the translator's (sub)conscious ideology influences his/her translation strategies, particularly focusing on Ceng Zhen-zhen's intension of applying Taiwanese to translate Black English. The next chapter compares Chen's and Ceng's translations to see how the translators represent the Black America in Morrison's novel or her idiosyncratic language and style. The aesthetic effect of Ceng's attempt of fusing modern Chinese with Twaiwanese will be further investigated. Chapter Five will be the conclusion.


With the development of microelectronics technology and the improvement of its basic design, intelligent integration technology based on STM32 is extremely important in the research and development of new medical devices. In treating urinary system-related diseases, it is necessary to carry out intelligent dynamic monitoring, safety monitoring, and remote data management of primary physiological characteristic data such as bladder pressure, intra-abdominal pressure, and urinary catheter pressure. However, there is currently no dedicated real-time monitoring equipment in clinical practice. To solve this clinical need, we designed an intelligent bladder monitoring system based on STM32. The lower computer of the system can monitor the bladder physiological information of the patient in real-time and then transmit the detected data to the upper computer through the LoRa (Long Range Radio) so that doctors and nurses can deal with the abnormal situation of the patient in time, to realize the purpose of comprehensive and effective bladder monitoring. The final experimental results show that the system can effectively combine the conditions of individual patients and, at the same time, consider the bladder pressure and the volume of fluid in the bladder to formulate a personalized discharge plan, minimize the impact of the catheter, and benefit the bladder function training of patients and postoperative recovery.


Objective To evaluate the effect of spleen intestine co transplantation on intestinal graft tolerance in rat.Methods Heterotopic small intestinal transplantation was performed with SD rat (Donor) and Wistar rat (Recipient).All recipients were divided into 3 groups,group A:alone small bowel transplantation and no immune treatment,group B:recipient splenectomy and spleen intestine co transplantation,group C:alone small bowel transplantation and immune treatment control (Cyclosporine A,6 mg/kg/d im).The intestinal graft samples were harvested on day 3,5,7,10 after transplantation and subjected to histological examination.Apoptotic cells of graft epithelial cells were examined with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated (TdT) nick end labeling (TUNEL) to evaluate the intestinal graft acute rejection status.Results The different degree of injury occurred in group A and group B,but it was significantly mild in group B.The acute injection grade,measured value of mucosal thickness,villous height and crypt depth decreased,number of epithelia apoptotic cells increased in group B were significantly low compared with group A.Conclusion Some degree of intestine allograft tolerance in rat can be induced with recipient splenectomy and spleen intestine co transplantation.


We report the technical challenges, solutions, and lessons learned from deploying real-time feedback systems in three hospitals as part of a multi-center controlled clinical trial to improve quality of colonoscopy. Previous clinical trials were conducted in one center. The technical challenges for our multicenter clinical trial include 1) reducing additional work by the endoscopists to utilize real-time feedback, 2) handling different colonoscopy practices at different hospitals, and 3) training an effective CNN-based classification model with a large variety of patterns of data in day-to-day colonoscopy practice. We report performance of our real-time systems over a period of 20 weeks at each hospital. We conclude that CNN-based classification can achieve very good performance in real-world deployment when trained with high quality data.


The extremely rare Rhnull phenotype is characterized by the absence of all Rh antigens on erythrocytes. It is divided into the regulator and amorph types based on the underlying genetic background. The more common regulator type depends on critical variants silencing RHAG, which encodes RhAG glycoprotein, necessary for RhD/RhCE expression. Rhnull cells have altered expression of glycophorin B and LW glycoprotein.


Objective To understand the awareness of knowledge and attitude to the planned immunization on the part of children's caregivers in Urumqi, so as to provide a scientific basis and carry out the planned immunization education better. Methods The stratified sampling method was used, 10 of children's caretakers were randomly selected from 81 district offices of 10 districts in Urumqi, then the questionnaires were conducted. Results The awareness of the immunization policies and vaccination knowledge was 70.87% and 73.58% respectively. The children's caregivers had the positive attitude to the planned immunization generally. There was statistical significance (P0.05) on the score of the knowledge and policy of the planned immunization among the resident population and the floating population, Han nationality and minority nationalities, parents and grandparents, and people of different education levels. Conclusions Strenthening health education on the knowledge of planned immunization of groups for lower education level and floating population is very important in promoting the planned immunization and enhancing immunization rate.


Introduction: In Cuba a high incidence and prevalence of genital herpes simplex is reported. However, nurses and pollters have not available a methodological means for the care of these patients in Primary Health Care. Objectives: Thus, authors conducted an study that is in keeping with to a project of development to design a psycho-educational program to decrease the risk in sexual health and the psychosocial problems of patients clinically diagnosed with genital herpes simplex. Methods: For design of above mentioned program the three stages of the Giordan form were used. In this sense, a phenomenology study was conducted in 8 patients diagnosed with genital herpes simplex, to determine the needs of learning submitting to expert's criteria to establish the objectives, methods and contents of psychoeducational program. Results: The program included six sessions aimed to decrease the psychosocial problems, to increase the self-effectiveness in the use of condom, the knowledge on disease, a safe intercourse and the efficiency to communicate the disease. Conclusions: A psycho-educational program was designed incorporating five key features (psychological problems, knowledges on disease, use of condom, safe intercourse and developing of disease).


An entertaining and revealing account of all the British Prime ministers from Walpole to Major, through the eyes of a cartoonist. Satirical commentary, first in the form of individual prints, later within news-sheets, newspapers and magazines, has always existed. In the 18th century, images of politicians spitting, defecating, fornicating, or gorging themselves on the fruits of office were the norm. In the Victorian age, personal vindictiveness gave way to a gentler analysis of political questions, while our own century has seen a mixture of approaches. This book provides an analysis of 200 drawings and paintings, and an explanation of the themes and events given. The book discusses what the cartoons mean, which PM first manipulated the media, which PM was assassinated, and who was the only PM to shed tears on taking up and leaving office.


This paper is concerned with the fusion of identity information through the use of statistical analysis rooted in Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence to provide automatic identification aboard a platform. An identity information process for a baseline Multi-Source Data Fusion (MSDF) system is defined. The MSDF system is applied to information sources which include a number of radars, IFF systems, an ESM system, and a remote track source. We use a comprehensive Platform Data Base (PDB) containing all the possible identity values that the potential target may take, and we use the fuzzy logic strategies which enable the fusion of subjective attribute information from sensor and the PDB to make the derivation of target identity more quickly, more precisely, and with statistically quantifiable measures of confidence. The conventional Dempster-Shafer lacks a formal basis upon which decision can be made in the face of ambiguity. We define a non-ad hoc decision rule based on the expected utility interval for pruning the `unessential' propositions which would otherwise overload the real-time data fusion systems. An example has been selected to demonstrate the implementation of our modified Dempster-Shafer method of evidential reasoning.


In this study, we evaluated whether the activation of endogenous angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) would improve the cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction of diabetic rats. Ten days after induction of type 1 diabetes (streptozotocin, 50 mg kg−1i.v.), the rats were treated orally with 1‐[(2‐dimethylamino)ethylamino]‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐7‐[(4‐methylphenyl) sulfonyl oxy]‐9H‐xanthene‐9‐one (XNT), a newly discovered ACE2 activator (1 mg kg−1 day−1), or saline (equivalent volume) for 30 days. Autonomic cardiovascular parameters were evaluated in conscious animals, and an isolated heart preparation was used to analyse cardiac function. Diabetes induced a significant decrease in the baroreflex bradycardia sensitivity, as well as in the chemoreflex chronotropic response and parasympathetic tone. The XNT treatment improved these parameters by ∼76% [0.82 ± 0.09 versus 1.44 ± 0.17 Ratio between changes in pulse interval and changes in mean arterial pressure (ΔPI/ΔmmHg)], ∼85% (−57 ± 9 versus−105 ± 10 beats min‐1) and ∼205% (22 ± 2 versus 66 ± 12 beats min‐1), respectively. Also, XNT administration enhanced the bradycardia induced by the chemoreflex activation by ∼74% in non‐diabetic animals (−98 ± 16 versus−170 ± 9 Δbeats min‐1). No significant changes were observed in the mean arterial pressure, baroreflex tachycardia sensitivity, chemoreflex pressor response and sympathetic tone among any of the groups. Furthermore, chronic XNT treatment ameliorated the cardiac function of diabetic animals. However, the coronary vasoconstriction observed in diabetic rats was unchanged by ACE2 activation. These findings indicate that XNT protects against the autonomic and cardiac dysfunction induced by diabetes. Thus, our results provide evidence for the viability and effectiveness of oral administration of an ACE2 activator for the treatment of the cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction caused by diabetes.


PURPOSE
This study was done to identify effects of carbonated water intake on constipation in elders who have experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and are bed-ridden.

METHODS
Forty elderly patients with CVA were randomly assigned to one of two groups in a double-blind study. Patients in the experimental group drank carbonated water and those in the control group drank tap water for two weeks. Six patients dropped out during the study period. Data were analyzed by repeated measured ANCOVA and the covariance was the dose of laxatives used for the two weeks.

RESULTS
Frequency of defecation increased significantly and symptoms of constipation decreased significantly for patients in the experimental group.

CONCLUSION
The study results suggest that the intake of carbonated water is an effective method for the intervention of constipation in elderly patients with CVA.


The feasibility of restricting the weight values in multilayer perceptrons to powers of two or sums of powers of two is studied. Multipliers could be thus replaced by shifters and adders on digital hardware, saving both time and chip area, under the assumption that the neuron activation function is computed through a lookup table (LUT) and that a LUT can be shared among many neurons. A learning procedure based on back-propagation for obtaining a neural network with such discrete weights is presented. This learning procedure requires full real arithmetic and therefore must be performed offline. It starts from a multilayer perceptron with continuous weights learned using back-propagation. Then a weight normalization is made to ensure that the whole shifting dynamics is used and to maximize the match between continuous and discrete weights of neurons sharing the same LUT. Finally, a discrete version of BP algorithm with automatic learning rate control is applied up to convergence. Some test runs on a simple pattern recognition problem show the feasibility of the approach


The Lemke algorithm,which is one of traditional optimization algorithms,was used to solve the problem of load optimal distribution.The simulation result shows that this method is reliable,fast and suitable to wide zones.The equivalence theorem was put forward and proved.


This paper deals with the wood-plastics composite (WPC) application in furniture. Firstly, it reviews WPC properties and its synthetic process; Secondly, it expounds the application of WPC in furniture in terms of design, manufacturing and joining mode; Finally, it summarizes limitations of WPC application in furniture in current condition and gives several suggestions on its further development.


A functionally graded material (FGM) was investigated for use as an insulator in high voltage applications. The FGM was able to relax the electric field concentration around a high voltage electrode and along the gas-insulator surface. The FGM spacer, the permittivity of which was gradually changed, exhibited a considerable reduction in the maximum electric field when compared to a conventional spacer with a uniform permittivity. It is difficult to apply a gradual permittivity variation in the FGM spacer to real product processing due to its complicated shape. Thus, in this work, the electrode shape in the gas insulated switchgear was changed in order to increase the possibility of real FGM insulator manufacturing. To achieve this goal, optimization processes were used to modify the shape of both the electrode and the FGM spacer on a commercial gas insulated switchgear configuration. Especially, a modification of the spacer configuration was performed with the design of experiments (DOE). Consequently, the insulation capability of the switchgear with the optimally designed FGM spacer can be efficiently improved.


The photochromic mechanism of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-(6-hydro-4-amino-5-sulfo-2,3- pyrazine)-pyrazole-5-one has been investigated using the density functional theory(DFT). The solvent effect is simulated using the polarizable continuum model(PCM) of the self-consistent reaction field theory. According to the crystal structure of the title compound, an intramolecular proton transfer mechanism from enol to keto form was proposed to interpret its photochromism. Bader's atom-in-molecule(AIM) theory is used to investigate the nature of hydrogen bonds and ring structures. Time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT) calculation results show that the photochromic process from enol to keto form is reasonable. The conformation and molecular orbital analysis of enol and keto forms explain why only intramolecular proton transfer is possible. The results from analyzing the energy and dipole moments of enol form, transition state and keto form in the gas phase and in different solvents have been used to assess the stability of the title compound.


In recent studies, subjects with post traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) have been found with more cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volumes in comparison to traumatized subjects without PTSD and healthy control subjects. It was also reported, that subjects with PTSD used different coping strategies than traumatized subjects without PTSD. Most of the recent studies concentrated on Vietnam veterans and were confounded by methodological problems (e.g. high psychiatric comorbidities).This study examined the cognitive functioning and hippocampal volumes of 15 subjects with PTSD after a severe burn injury, 15 similarly traumatized subjects without PTSD and 15 healthy control subjects. The trauma specific coping strategies of the subjects with and without PTSD were compared.In comparison to the healthy control subjects, the traumatized subjects with and without PTSD showed deficits in intellectual functioning, in delayed verbal recall and smaller hippocampal volumes. The subjects with PTSD showed deficits in visual memory. Stronger burn injuries were associated with smaller left hippocampal volumes. The analgosedative treatment with the NMDA antagonist ketamine was related to larger right hippocampal volumes and to stronger PTSD symptoms. The subjects with PTSD showed an increased use of dysfunctional trauma-specific coping strategies when compared with traumatized subjects without PTSD. The trauma-specific coping strategies were associated with the psychopathology, not with the general coping strategies.


AbstractControlled release erodible matrix tablets were manufactured by a simple, direct compression process using ethylcellulose alone as the matrix former. Each of four different viscosity grades of ethylcellulose (10, 20, 45 and 100 cp) was dry mixed with either indomethacin or theophylline and a small amount of lubricant, then directly compressed into tablets. In initial trials, compression force was held constant, resulting in tablets of varying hardness. In a second study, the compression force was varied to produce tablets of equal hardness. Lower viscosity grades of ethylcellulose were more compressible than higher viscosity grades, allowing production of harder tablets for a given drug. Harder tablets resulted in controlled release of the drug over a longer time period. Dissolution studies indicated that tablet hardness is more important in determining dissolution rate than is the polymer viscosity grade. A mathematical model combining diffusion and erosion mechanisms was developed to describe dr...


Oats, Avena sativa L. has recently gained importance as a winter forage crop. However, few information exists on management practices of the crop in Saudi Arabia. A field study was conducted to evaluate yield response of forage oats, c.v. Cayuse, to nitrogen fertilization when harvested at different stages of maturity. The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station. King Saud University, College of Agriculture, Dirab, located about 50 km south west Riyadh. Fresh yield. plant height number of leaves and leaf area per plant were measured at time of harvest. Percentage dry matter and leaf-stem ratio were also determined. Plant height, percentage dry matter and dry matter production increased significantly as time of harvest was delayed. Number of leaves per plant. leaf area per plant and leaf stem ratio decreased significantly as time of harvest was delayed. Increased in rate of nitrogen fertilization from nil to 150 kg/ha


In the paper, the focus is on the pump shaft of RCV charging pump and the stress and fatigue life of the annular groove where the pump shaft is the easiest to fracture is emphatically calculated. The analysis involves the following steps: setting up the geometrical model of the pump shaft by using software Solidworks; performing the finite element mesh division and the boundary condition of load for the pump shaft by using the HyperMeh software; The stress calculation under certain load of the pump shaft by using the ABAQUS software provides stress data for the fatigue analysis of the annular groove. In the paper, the analysis model of the pump shaft fatigue life is set up, and the fatigue safety coefficient of the pump shaft is calculated.


The paper figures out driving forces of the spatial pattern transformation of manufacturing industries since 2000 and the influencing factors in Yangtze River Delta(YRD) using firm level data and spatial econometric method. The result shows that, the spatial pattern displays the typical Shanghai-centered and main transport axis orientation pattern. Since 2000, the manufacturing industries have been apparently diffused to peripheral areas and have displayed significant industrial differences, in that more technology-intensive industries tend to diffuse to nearer neighborhood and more labor-intensive industries tend to diffuse to longer distance. The spatial econometrical result shows that, the distribution of manufacturing industries has significant spatial spillover effect. After controlling such spillovers, we found the most influencing factors are location factors, including the distance to Shanghai and airport, and whether it belongs to urban regions, while the former two factors' influences have been intensified. The paper also reports that there are significant differences of influencing factors among different industries.


This study is to design and produce a detailed model for volume variety of three dimensional reconstruction images and to evaluate the changes of volume, area and the length of the model in the process of the reconstruction of RTP system. CT simulation was operated at the thickness of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mm and average, standard deviation of scan direction(X), thickness(Y), table movement direction(Z), area(A), and volume(V) of the three dimensional volume rendering, were measured according to the shape and thickness of the phantoms. As a result, at the thickness of 1.25, 2.5min, the phantom`s shape decreased maximum 0.13cm(p, which led to an approximate image of the phantoms. However, at the thickness of 5, 10mm, the phantom of the original form decreased maximum 0.58cm(p, . Volume varieties according to the thickness and shape of the phantoms have occurred diversely, when CT simulation was operated, and it is considered that a clinically appropriate volume rendering can be obtained only when the thickness is below 3mm.


data (the background of which is explained in the Appendices) interesting results emerge. Foreign Ministry staff of European origin, for example,' were indeed men of the Tanzimat, while the Arab Christians were chronologically intermediary, and the Jews were men of the Hamidian era '. Findley speculates whether, had the Empire lasted longer, ' Ottoman Jews could have succeeded Armenians as the leading nonMuslim minority in official service, as the Armenians had supplanted the Greeks' (p. 96). The data show further that, in the later nineteenth century, three-fourths of Foreign Ministry officials were still Istanbul-born (against c. 30 per cent of the chief scribes of the period 1768-1836). 'Perhaps the clearest indicator of broadening social mobilization lies in the evidence on Foreign Ministry officials' fathers' occupations ', and not so much in their place of birth. While in the earlier period only one chief scribe's father was referred to as a provincial officer, ' a century later, 12 per cent of the fathers of Foreign Ministry officials were civil officials who served in local administration' (p. 110). (This evidence alone would, in the reviewer's opinion, be enough reason not to neglect the provincial echelons of Ottoman civil officialdom in a study like the present one.) As to the Foreign Ministry staffs educational background, the advantage of the non-Muslim officials over their Muslim counterparts becomes apparent: while 16 per cent of the nonMuslim staff of the Foreign Ministry had studied in Europe—at universities or similar institutions, only 6 per cent of the ' modernist' Muslims had. Worse even: ' Most traditionalist Muslims never went past the riifdiye level in the secular government schools' (p. 163). Accordingly, the Foreign Ministry staff's career patterns were markedly different for each group. For ' traditionalist' Muslims, service in the Foreign Ministry was characterized by a very limited degree of upward mobility. This is in stark contrast to the situation of the ' modernist' Muslims who used to enter the Foreign Ministry through its Translation Office. This is described by Findley as a group distinguished by its mobility, with the promotion ladder running through the central offices, or towards consular and diplomatic positions, if not to the very highest positions like the grand vizierate. For the non-Muslim officials who used to enter the Foreign Ministry via the Foreign Correspondence Office, the most important career prospects also lay in the consular or diplomatic services, albeit at a lower level. ' While the percentages of non-Muslims serving in consular and diplomatic posts were greater than for either Muslim group, most non-Muslims served in minor consular posts' (p. 280). In a number of areas, therefore, the non-Muslim officials were competing with their ' modernist' Muslim colleagues, arousing resentment which ' must have become a factor in undermining Tanzimat egalitarianism' (p. 281). According to the author, one of the most important results of his research is to be found in the data on salaries and prices. ' The salaryprice ratios show that the economic situation of Foreign Ministry officials varied widely over time. The most important thing about these variations is that they parallel important changes in the political and intellectual history of the late nineteenth century closely enough to suggest a causal relationship' (p. 325). Although the key salary data come from the Foreign Ministry staff alone, and although ' statistics like those presented here cannot prove a causal link between economic and intellectual or political change ' (p. 325), the data, in Findley's opinion, would nevertheless allow the conclusion that ' the later empire's two great episodes of ideological and, in the later case, revolutionary ferment appear to have had economic bases that scholars have not yet fully recognized' (p. 332).


The operation In this case, the Minister cleared the acquisition of Vivarte and Supersport with remedies. Both companies are retailers of shoe, clothes and sport equipments. The market(s) The…


This paper presents an approach for parametric design of human models, which can be used in virtual try-on system, games or other virtual reality (VR) environment. Consumers are assisted in automatically generating a virtual model through modifying the standard one by controlling the measurement parameters. Our approach consists of four major parts. First, 3D scanner data is preprocessed and provides basic body parameters to standard body models. Second, the system builds a series of standard body models combined the previous parameters and commercial software Poser. Third, measures individual body. Finally, modeling synthesis is accomplished by standard body models and the individual parameters using degree 3 NURBS curves. In comparison with other similar systems, our methodology is efficient and accurate, and adapt to be used in virtual try-on system on Internet


In this issue of Clinical Chemistry, Hickman and colleagues (1) have presented a systematic analysis of the impact of various statistical approaches to removal of outliers in reference interval determination. They used a reference interval dataset from the Aussie Normals study (2). These data were also used by the Australasian Association of Clinical Biochemists as part of the evidence employed to derive 'harmonized' national reference intervals (3, 4). The conclusion in the new article is that the differing statistical approaches for removal of outliers give significantly differing reference limits, with a quarter of studied analytes shifting by over 20% and some by over 100%. The global guideline regarding reference interval determination, the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) A28-A3 (5), mentions the two potential approaches to statistical outlier exclusion (Dixon and Tukey methods) used in the report by Hickman et al. (1). Outlier exclusion is a necessary step because, while the reference population is expected to be homogenous, some of the reference values may arise from a different population of test results. Unless outliers are known to be aberrant observations (due to mistakes in analysis or a lapse in pre-analytical controls), the emphasis should be on retaining outlier values. If there is heterogeneity in the reference population, however, this may lead to a need for outlier exclusion. Among the criteria listed by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for possible exclusion from the apparently healthy population are illness, medications, and obesity. 1856 individuals in the Aussie Normals study were included; exclusion criteria included pregnancy, diabetes, asthma requiring medication with oral steroids, any history of malignancy, as well as other conditions involving significant systemic disease known to bias biochemical concentrations (2). Individuals over the age of 50 taking statins and antihypertensive medications were not excluded, nor were individuals classified as overweight or obese. In the new outlier study of Hickman and colleagues (1), the analytes showing differences included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), lipase, immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgM, homocysteine (in men), ferritin (in men), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and NT-pro-brain natriuretic protein (NT-proBNP). Interestingly, body mass index (BMI) is a potential determinant of ALT (6), CK (7), lipase (8), homocysteine (9), ferritin (10), TSH (11), and NT-proBNP (12). Despite our hard definitions of obesity (e.g., BMI >1⁄430 kg/m), body weight represents a continuous variable, and rather than having a dichotomous distribution of non-obese vs. obese, this continuum of BMI can potentially cause skewing of all laboratory data affected by body weight. Hickman et al. clearly recognize that mild obesity is associated with higher ALT activity, as this was a finding in the Aussie Normals study where statistically higher ALT (and ferritin) were found in overweight adults. The inclusion of overweight and obesity in the Aussie Normals study may be one determinant of heterogeneity that could have impacted the reported outlier challenges, and an issue deserving of further study. As stated in their recent article, "there is often a gradual transition from health to disease, it is very difficult to ensure that all persons included are truly healthy." The CLSI guideline accepts that reference intervals are intended to be 'health associated' but that health is a relative condition lacking universal definition. The health of any reference population can be defined by the investigator, but the clinical history requirements and investigations to exclude disease should always be described and documented so others can evaluate the health status of the reference sample. The reference population is assumed to be healthy or normal, as implied in the 'Aussie Normals' study name. Nevertheless, obesity (or overweight) was not an exclusion criterion. The inclusion of overweight and obesity is a very common difficulty with many (most?) recent reference interval studies, including those from Turkey (13) and Saudi Arabia (14), where, just as in Australia and the USA, most of the apparently healthy population is overweight or obese. This is a complicated issue but one that lies at the heart of the purpose and use of reference intervals. The reference interval simply provides a likelihood that the results for any patient belong to the same homogenous distribution as the Melbourne Pathology, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia 3066. *Address correspondence to this author at: Melbourne Pathology, 101 Victoria Parade, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia 3066. E-mail email@example.com. Received September 14, 2020; accepted September 15, 2020. DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa230


Combining the experience of engineering cost estimation for several large-scale foreign-related port projects accomplished in recent years, this paper probes into the method of engineering cost estimation of projects accomplished in accordance with the international standard. 


The utility model discloses a three-dimensional machine core structure of a massage chair. The three-dimensional machine core structure comprises a machine core and a machine core framework, a groove is arranged in the machine core framework, the machine core is arranged in the groove and is fixedly connected with a massage frame, the massage frame is connected with a massage head, the upper end and the lower end of the machine core framework are respectively provided with a walking shaft, and the two ends of each walking shaft are connected with walking wheels. The three-dimensional machine core structure is characterized in that the machine core framework is provided with a rotary shaft, the two ends of the rotary shaft are respectively fixedly connected with a transmission gear, one end of the machine core is hinged with the machine core framework, the other end of the machine core is transversely and fixedly provided with a transmission rack outwards, the transmission rack is meshed with the transmission gears, the end part of the rotary shaft is connected with a rotary motor, and the end parts of the walking shafts are connected with a walking motor. The three-dimensional machine core structure disclosed by the utility model can carry out three-dimensional massage on the back of a human body front and back, and up and down, so as to have comfortable massaging effect and good massaging effect, and also has the advantages of simple structure, small work noise and low cost.


Capture fisheries is a source of livelihood for fishermen. Fishers in Arongan Lambalek are still classified as traditional fishermen and still use simple fishing gear in their operations. One of the fishing gear used is Lift Nets (Ali) fishing gear to catch shrimp. This study aims to determine the income of traditional fishermen using Lift Nets (Ali) fishing gear in Arongan Lambalek District, West Aceh Regency. This research was conducted from June to July 2020. The data collection method was purposive sampling method with 20 respondents. The analyzes used total cost, total beneficiary, profit and RCR. The results showed that, the amount of catch of fishermen using Lift Nets (Ali) fishing gear in Arongan Lambalek District was 2.872 kg / month with an average of 144 kg / month / fisherman, the total cost of 20 fishermen was Rp. 24.540,278 with an average total cost of Rp.1.227,013 months / fisherman, the amount of revenue from 20 fishermen is Rp.73.235,000 / month with an average income of Rp. 3.661,750 months / fisherman and income from 20 fishermen is Rp.48.694.722 / month and the average income of fishermen is Rp.2.434.736 / month and the average RCR of Rp.2.98 months / fisherman, which means RCR> 1, then traditional fishing business using Lift Nets (Ali) fishing gear is feasible.


Abstract This investigation was conducted to determine the use of outdoor resources in the teaching of natural science in secondary schools and to obtain suggestions from biology, earth science, and environmental science teachers for increasing and improving the use of outdoor resources. A random sample of teachers in these fields was surveyed. The study showed that about 16 percent of the classes do not study science outdoors and the majority of the classes use outdoor resources fewer than three times during the school year. Financing travel and large class size are the main impediments to outdoor natural science.


This study proposed two futures-based models for forecasting cash prices of corn, soybeans, wheat and cotton over the period 2000-2016. The difference model predicts changes in cash prices as a function of changes in futures prices. The regime model specifies different market regimes and models cash price levels based on observed futures prices in various regimes. The out-of-sample performance of both models was compared to the benchmark of a 5-year moving average over the 2013-2016 sub-period. Our results suggest that the regime model performed best for corn and soybeans. While, neither model beat the benchmark for wheat at the longer forecasted horizons, the difference model performed well at short forecast horizons (up to 5months ahead). Both models performed better than the benchmark for cotton price forecasts, but they were not significantly different from each other.