A description of heat transportation in Maxwell nano-fluids mixed with self-motile thermophile microorganisms over a wedged wall is presented in this article. The porous and thermally convective boundary of the wedge undergoes a sudden movement. The physical mechanism is influenced by an invariant magnetic field. A transformed formulation is established in ordinary differential form by involving similarity functions. A robust coding based on finite element analysis is developed in Matlab script. The convergence and accuracy of the solution are tested against reliable criteria. The interest in computational effort centered on the formation of boundary layer patterns for microorganism distribution, fluid temperature, the volume fraction of nano-inclusions, and fluid velocity when influential parameters are varied. The larger Hartmann number Ha, unsteady parameter A, Deborah number β, and wedge parameter m made the flow along the wall faster and produced thinning of the boundary layer. The higher values of Hartmann number, mixed convection, buoyancy ratio parameter, thermophoresis parameter Nt, Brownian motion parameter Nb, wedge parameter m, radiation parameter Rd, and Biot number have raised the fluid temperature. The local heat transfer rate reduces against Nt and it is higher for stretching wedge and smaller for the shrinking wedge. An efficient heat transfer in macro-tech processes may utilize the procedure and findings of this study.


A control-oriented two-zone charge mixing model is developed to simplify, but to describe mixing of fresh charge and residual gas during the intake stroke. Engine valve timing has a strong influence on the realization of stable homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), since it affects turbulent flow that promotes mixing of fresh charge and residual gas. Controlled auto-ignition of a HCCI engine is achieved by good mixing of fresh charge and residual gas. Therefore, it is useful to develop a mixing model that can be executed in real-time to help extend the operational range of HCCI. For model derivation, the cylinder volume is artificially divided into two zones with a fictitious divider between them. First, the mixed zone consists of fresh charge induced by opening intake valves and some residual gas transferred from the unmixed zone. They are assumed to have been mixed homogeneously so that cold fresh charge gains thermal energy from hot residual gas. Second, the unmixed zone contains the rest of hot residual gas. Mass transfer between them which is forced by a fluid jet is directed from the unmixed zone to the mixed one. Based on the definitions of two zones and interaction between them, a two-zone charge mixing model is derived. To investigate phasing effects of valve timing on charge mixing, comparative simulation was carried out with different valve timings. For experimental validation and calibration of the proposed model, optical engine tests were performed with an infrared (IR) camera, together with GT-power simulation. From good agreement between the model temperature and the estimated temperature from IR images, the model turns out to be useful to describe mixing of fresh charge and residual gas. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4026660]


SimpleScalar is a kind of computer system simulation and modeling tool which that has been used widely in the computer architecture research field. The source code of SimpleScalar is open, which makes it easy to modify and port. This article first gives a general description to SimpleScalar; then gives a detailed analysis to the kernel structure of the complicated Out-of-Order simulator and an example based SimpleScalar and finally there is some advice to improve it.


Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopowders were prepared by the sol–gel process vie gelation at different pH values (6.8−12.5) in ammonia solution calcined at 500 °C for 2 h. The x-ray diffraction patterns showed that all samples exhibited a tetragonal anatase TiO2 phase. The crystallite sizes increases from 10 to 14 nm and band gap energy ranges from 3.2 and 3.3 eV as the solution pH is increased from 6.8 to 12.5. The lattice constants increased with increasing the synthesized pH value, which implies also a decrease of the micro-strain. The highest blue emission peak centered at around 416 nm was observed for the pH 12.5 compared with low pH values in the photoluminescence spectra of the synthesized TiO2 powders. Experimental results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized at pH 12.5 exhibited the optimal structural and luminescence properties.


The total serum hexosamine 2 level is elevated in many unrelated chronic diseases (1, 2), and in experimental animals following acute injury (3, 4). It is not clear whether this elevation is due to increased production, diminished utilization or merely a shift of tissue hexosamines into the circulation. Since the activity of the adrenal glands is increased in many of these conditions of acute and chronic stress, the role of the adrenal cortex iti sontrclling serum hexosamine levels has been studied. During the course of these studies, it was noted that normal urine contained relatively large amounts of hexosamine, which also increased during conditions of stress. The excretion of hexosamine in the urine in a variety of clinical situations has been measured, therefore, for the purpose of defining factors which alter the rate of its excretion and of correlating excretion levels with changes in serum hexosamine. An ion exchange technique has been applied to urine hydrolysates for the purpose of separating hexosamines from the many chromogens in urine which interfere with the colorimetric determination of hexosamine (5). Previously reported studies on urinary hexosamine have not taken this into account and consequently report erroneously high values (6, 7).


The graphene oxide (GO) modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode has been employed for the determination of malachite green (MG) and leucomalachite green (LMG) based on the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)32+. It gave a linear response over a concentration range of 1.0 × 10−16 to 1.0 × 10−12 mol L−1 for both MG and LMG. A remarkable detection limit of 1.0 × 10−16 mol L−1 can be reached for MG and LMG in 0.1 mol L−1 phosphate buffer (pH = 10), which is much lower compared to the other detection methods. To check its applicability, the proposed method was employed for the determination of MG and LMG spiked into pond water, giving a good reproducibility and stability. All these results show that it will be possible to develop an ECL detection procedure for MG/LMG at GO-modified GC electrodes.


This study aimed to provide a fundamental basis for the development and promotion of a Korea windchill temperature index model in the field of human biometeorology. For this, a sensitivity model currently being used by KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) was analyzed. The results of the analysis showed that the Korean peninsula could be divided into the urban area, the coastal/island area, the inland area, and the mountain area. The average temperature was highest in the coastal/island area, while it was lowest in the mountain regions. The lowest temperature in the urban and coastal/island areas was 20 degrees below zero and that in the inland and mountain regions were 30 degrees below zero. As for wind speed, both average and maximum wind speed were highest in the coastal/island area. The distribution of temperature and wind speed in winter was similar to that of the entire period. The results of the JAG/Tl and Missenard model sensitivity showed that temperature tends to have more influence on sensitivity than any other factors. In sub-zero temperature, however, the influence of wind speed tends to increase.


A local atomic structure analysis of the interface between chemical vapor-deposited SiO2 and 4H-SiC was achieved via a combination of chemical-state-selective X-ray absorption spectroscopy and the use of a sample with a very thin oxide film. The Si K-edge spectrum, which monitors the SiC-assigned Auger peak, allows the SiC side of the SiO2/SiC interface to be selectively measured through the SiO2 film. We estimate the coordination number of the first nearest neighbor to be reduced by 17% with respect to the SiC bulk. This suggests that C vacancy defects exist at the SiC side of the interface.


showed the highest value by 7.6, and followed by that of 3,~, 1=: and over 4," branch in this order. The seed yield varied from 168 tb 289g' m~' and the average of all soybean cultivars w~s 225g m~'. The relation beiween the seed yield and th~ days'of flOwering to maturing date was high significant difference (r=0.575, p<0.01) and there ~vas a high significance difference (r= 0.781, p<0.01) between the seed yield and the days of planting to flowering date. The level of significant difference was higher in the period of vegetative s~age than in th~ Period of reproductive stage in small seed soybeans. Thefe was high significance difference (r=0.55e, p<0.01) betweeh th~ seed yi~ld and LAI in soybean cultivars. A range of LAI fdr optimal sded yield may be shown about 3.5-4.5 at R5 stage. Also, there was a relationship betweeh the seed yield and the number of pods on 4," and above branch but was no sighificant relationship' between the seed yield and number of pods on Ist branch. The correlation between the seed yield and the pods numbers showed the most value by 0.640 (p<0.01) on 3.* branch, and followed 2"" branch, and 4'" and above branch in this order. There was a high significant relationship (r= 0.648, p< 0.01) between the seed yield and the number of pods on total branch aitlong 22 small seed soybean cultivais. However, the relation between the seed yield and the number of pods on main stem showed no significant relatidnship (r=0.089, ns). These results indicated that in order to optimal seed yield of late planted (mid~une) small seed soybean, soybean cultiyars forrning more pods, on the 2"" and 3,* branch should be bred.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a user comment display and collection method and device. The user comment display and collection method comprises the following steps of acquiring a current playing time point of a first video file in the process of playing the first video file in a video playing region; acquiring comments on the first video file within a time range having a first preset corresponding relation with the current playing time point; displaying the comments in a user comment display region. By means of the user comment display and collection method and device, the comments displayed in the user comment display region correspond to the playing time point of the video file played currently, effective reference is provided for users watching the video file, users can look at the comments relevant to the current playing time point without searching for the comments one by one, and good usage experience is provided for users.


A parallel system with heterogeneous exponential component lifetimes is shown to be more skewed (according to the convex transform order) than the system with independent and identically distributed exponential components. As a consequence, equivalent conditions for comparing the variabilities of the largest order statistics from heterogeneous and homogeneous exponential samples in the sense of the dispersive order and the right-spread order are established. A sufficient condition is also given for the proportional hazard rate model.


Objective To evaluate the relationship between serial BNP measurements and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes(ACS). Methods BNP, troponin T(TnT) and C-reactive protein(CRP) were measured at baseline and at 48 and 72 hours in 83 patients with ACS. Death and myocardial infarction were recorded during 12 months of follow-up. Statistical analysis was done. Results For the later follow-up, baseline BNP levels higher were associated with higher event rates, event rates were significantly higher in patients with BNP250 ng/L than the patients with BNP≤250 ng/L(9% vs 27%,OR 3.7,95%CI:2.3-5.7,P0.01). In troponin T negative patients,BNP identified a subgroup of high-risk patients (OR,5.9,95% CI, 2.6 to 13.3,P0.01). Importantly,clinical stabilization without refractory ischemia was associated with a rapid and significant(48 hours,-24%,72 hours,-49%,both P0.001) decline in BNP levels. In patients with high BNP baseline levels, lack of a rapid decline in BNP levels was linked to an adverse short-term prognosis(OR 18.5,95% CI:7.6 to 21.3,P0.01). In patients with low BNP baseline levels, a rise in BNP levels over 72 hours was also linked to an adverse prognosis (OR 24.0,95% CI:8.4 to 32.5,P0.01). Conclusion BNP is a powerful and independent determinant of the short-term cardiac risk in patients with ACS, and serial BNP measurements are superior to a single BNP value obtained at baseline.


Background: AITL, under the 2016 WHO umbrella classification of nodal peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) with a T follicular helper (TFH) phenotype, accounts for ~20% of all PTCL cases. Genomic analysis has revealed recurrent somatic mutations, such as RhoA G17V, that are hallmarks of AITL. Overlapping genomics have been observed in other PTCL subgroups, such as PTCL not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). We and others have reported frequent co-occurrence of RhoA G17V with mutations in the epigenetic regulators TET2 and IDH2R172 in AITL (Morley Blood 2015). Since treatment for the disease remains unsatisfactory, efforts are underway to assess the clinical utility of genomic information to guide therapy. The current study aimed to comprehensively assess the genomic landscape of AITL further, including identification of diagnostically and therapeutically relevant alterations. Methods: We explored the FoundationCORE™ database (Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, MA) for cases assigned as AITL or harboring RhoA G17V positivity irrespective of disease ontology. This led to the inclusion of 42 cases: confirmed AITL (concordant diagnoses by internal and external pathologists, 29), suspected AITL (discordant diagnoses, 9), lymph node lymphoma NOS (PTCL, 1), or other neoplasm [pleomorphic myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), 1; marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), 1; cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), 1]. Median cohort age was 65.5 years, 65 years for the AITL-specific subset; range for both, 34-88y. Pathology reports indicated Epstein-Barr virus positivity in 16/38 of AITL cases and prior autologous stem cell transplant in 4/38. DNA and RNA were extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples or peripheral blood, and CGP performed using the CLIA-certified, NYS-approved, CAP-accredited FoundationOne® Heme assay (He Blood 2016). Results: RhoAG17V was seen in 57% (24/42) of cases in the cohort, including 53% (20/38) of AITL samples and in 1 case each of MFS, MZL, CTCL, and PTCL. Confirmed AITL harbored RhoAG17V in 52% (15/29), and suspected AITL in 56% (5/9), of samples. TET2 mutations (m TET2) were found in 89% of AITLs (26/29, confirmed; 8/9, suspected), and in 1/1 PTCL; as reported previously, m TET2 was not identified in the MFS, MZL, or CTCL. IDH2 mutations (m IDH2), all occurring at R172, were seen in 16% (6/38) of AITL cases, with all 6 co-occurring with RhoAG17V plus m TET2 . DNMT3A mutations (m DNMT3A) were seen in 32% (12/38) of AITLs (9/29, confirmed; 3/9, suspected) and in the single PTCL. RhoAG17V co-occurred with m TET2 (but notm DNMT3A orm IDH2) in 26% (10/38), m TET2 plus m DNMT3A in 7.9% (3/38), and m TET2, mDNMT3A, plus m IDH2 in 7.9% (3/38) of cases; all RhoAG17V cases(20/20) co-occurred with m TET2 . TP53 mutation was seen in 21% (8/38) of AITL cases. Other recurrent somatic mutations included BRCA1 or BRCA2 in 7.9% (3/38), CTNNB1 in 7.9% (3/38), and KRAS, ATM or STAT3 in 2.6% (1/38), of AITL samples. Assessment of tumor mutational burden (TMB), a biomarker for checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in solid tumors, revealed low TMB ( Conclusion: This study utilized CGP to explore alterations of diagnostic and therapeutic potential in AITL. Confirming prior studies, in a significant proportion of AITL cases RhoAG17V co-occurred with m TET2 and m IDH2 ; all AITL cases positive for RhoAG17V had concurrent m TET2. We also found RhoAG17V, but not m TET2 or m IDH2, in solitary cases of MZL, MCL, and CTCL.Taken together, co-occurrence of RhoAG17V and m TET2 may provide greater specificity for AITL diagnosis than RhoAG17V alone. We also detected putative actionable targets in AITL. While predictors of response to hypomethylating agents (e.g. m TET2, m IDH2) were seen in most cases, a subset were found to have mutations in BRCA1/2 (3 pts), KRAS (1 pt), CTNNB1 (3 pts), or STAT3 (1 pt). These findings suggest alternative therapeutic opportunities in AITL (e.g. inhibitors of PARP, MEK, mTOR, and STAT3). We further report that mutational burden in AITL is generally low; however, a subset of cases (2/10) were TMB-Intermediate. Although the predictive power of TMB in lymphoma is unclear, in some solid tumors TMB-Intermediate status predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibition. In total, our findings highlight the utility of CGP to identify alterations that may influence the clinical management of AITL. Disclosures Morley: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: Stock. He: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stock. Bailey: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: stock. Nahas: Foundation Medicine inc: Employment, Other: stockholder. Heilmann: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stockholder. Chudnovsky: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stockholder. Fabrizio: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stockholder. Ali: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stock. Lipson: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: stock. Stephens: Foundation Medicine Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ross: Foundation Medicine Inc: Employment, Other: stockholder. Miller: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: Stock. Severson: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: Stock. Vergilio: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: Stock. Erlich: Foundation Medicine: Employment, Other: stock. Mughal: Foundation Medicine, Inc: Employment, Other: Stock.


This research aimed to analyze the Family Day at School Project from the theoretical axis Work Projects in Integral Education. Qualitative research was used, using observation and interview techniques for data collection. It was concluded that the execution of the activity is an advance, considering the limitations of human and financial resources. However, it cannot be considered a Work Project, and can be finalized, because the implementation was done in a "Top Down" way, the project had no evaluation, the students had no autonomy, the themes are disconnected from the disciplinary curriculum, the participation of family was small and the teachers had no training. Therefore, it is essential to reformulate the activity and carry out the study of project theory by school subjects. key words: Family at School, Work Project, Integral Education. Brazilian Journal of Development Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 11, p.89135-89154, nov. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 89137


Authors J. Kanaval, E. Cezova, F. Starý Abstract This contribution describes analytical evaluation and experimental verification of the friction and force conditions in the prestressed bolted connections. In the case of using standard fasteners (bolts and nuts) there were evaluated mainly influence of advanced coatings using (e.g. "Xylan 1088", "Delta Seal Black") and lubricants (e.g. "Gleitmo", "MOLYCOTE") into the threaded surfaces of bolted joints. To achieve the set goals modular design testing stand was designed, realized and verified. Achieved analytical findings and experimental verification will allow to refine the technological processes of assembly of bolted joints, which will have a major impact on the strength, durability and reliability of the screw connections (fasteners). Discovered knowledge are not currently available for design engineers during the designing of bolted joints. Design engineers typically use only a recommendations of retailers and manufacturers when designing of bolted joints. Key words: prestressed bolted connection, advanced coatings and lubricants, "Xylan 1088", "Delta Seal Black", "GleitMo", "MOLYCOTE"


Dear Editor, We recently completed palliative medicine (PM) clinical clerkships, as established by the National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation of Spain (ANECA) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), for undergraduate medical education (UME) (ANECA, 2005; AAMC 2008), and we had the chance to experience the essence of this specialty. We had the opportunity and privilege of working with a domiciliary care unit (DCU) daily, which included a doctor and a nurse. The first time we visited a home with the unit, the following occurred to us: (1) even though the patient and family were really comfortable and thankful for being able to stay at home, they perhaps had doubts about whether it would be more appropriate to be hospitalized, and (2) the DCU was working out of their usual comfort zone (a hospital or health care center). Afterwards, we understood the following: (1) the patient and loved ones were grateful for being taken care of at home, and (2) the DCU turned the home into a safety zone, if necessary providing hospital resources or medications required during progression of the disease. Therefore, a connection that included intimate trust and respect was established between the patient and family and the DCU staff that is not usual (in our humble point of view) in other specialties. During the clinical clerkship, we visited a patient's home (let's call the patient Mr. X for the sake of privacy), who had been suffering from a neoplasm with a bad prognosis since June of 2013. Mr. X was terminally ill and in the stage of decline. His relatives always greeted us cordially but with what seemed to be an uneasiness that goes along with expecting to have their worst fears confirmed. We were surprised by how naturally they handled the possibility of Mr. X passing away sometime in the near future. The doctor, who had superior communication skills, knew how to deal with the feelings of family members. During one visit, Mr. X was in bed and appeared to be in very bad shape. His clinical profile suggested a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. We thought about how dramatic it would be if a patient (or, in the worst case, the family) asked for sedation in order to "stop the suffering." That measure was not requested on this occasion, but we often considered the issue, so that when we found ourselves in such a situation, as residents or as doctors, we would be able to defend our posture in spite of the pressures involved. We believe that being a good doctor must be based on, among other things, the capacity for sound judgment, self-criticism, and serious reflection about end-of-life care. Certainly, Mr. X and his relatives were suffering. We asked ourselves several questions as this point: "So now, how should we proceed?" "Will they take him to the hospital?" "Would the prognosis or the therapeutic attitude change if complementary tests were made?" "What benefits would such tests provide?" The doctor, with that characteristic good judgment that comes with experience, combined with solid scientific knowledge, medicated the patient via intravenous administration (due to loss of the oral therapy): corticosteroids, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and ondansetron. We soon revisited Mr. X. He welcomed us sitting in his living room, surrounded by family. He was very communicative, and, of course, he didn't look like the person we had encountered two days earlier. He Address correspondence and reprints requests to: Guillermo Ferreira Padilla, Grupo de Investigación ComunVista, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir (UCV), Valencia, España. E-mail: email@example.com Palliative and Supportive Care (2016), 14, 3–4. # Cambridge University Press, 2014 1478-9515/14 doi:10.1017/S1478951514000182


Aneurysms of sinus of Valsalva, are rare cardiac abnormalities with congenital origin in most of the cases. If they are located in the right coronary sinus, they usually rupture into right heart chambers and frequently a ventricular septal defect coexists with this condition. We present a case of a 42 year old man with ruptured aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva into the right ventricle. Transesophageal echo- cardiographic examination in addition to transthoracic echocardiography provides more powerful information about the aneurysms and coexistent cardiac malformations. Early diagnosis is important for emergency surgical treatment.


Abstract As the new second generation comes of age in the twenty-first century, it is making an indelible imprint in cities across the country, compelling immigration scholars to turn their attention to this growing population. In this essay, we first review the extant literature on immigrant incorporation, with a particular focus on the mobility patterns of the new second generation. Second, we critically evaluate the existing assumptions about the definitions of and pathways to success and assimilation. We question the validity and reliability of key measures of social mobility, and also assess the discrepancy between the "objective" measures often used in social science research and the "subjective" measures presented by members of the second generation. Third, we examine the identity choices of the new second generation, focusing on how they choose to identify themselves, and the mechanisms that underlie their choice of identities. We illuminate our review with some preliminary findings from our ongoing qualitative study of 1.5- and second-generation Mexicans, Chinese, and Vietnamese in Los Angeles. In doing so, we attempt to dispel some myths about group-based cultures, stereotypes, and processes of assimilation.


An Efficient analog to digital interface (TDC/DTC) is presented. In particular, we explore time-based techniques for data conversion, which can potentially achieve significant reductions in power consumption while keeping silicon chip area will be very small. On the basis of a generic mixed-signal system the scaling difficulties of analog and mixed-signal circuits based on a signal representation in the voltage domain are discussed for nanometer CMOS technologies. Easy to control and seamlessly embedded, were also low latency occur. Mainly applicant for LDPC implementation which is used for error correcting and image processing will be done. In gate level verilog hardware description language used for coding digital circuits using tool Xilinx ISE 10.1i and target family Spartan 3E,Device XC3S500, speed -5,package:FG320.The synthesized for the proposed digital circuits.


ABSTRACT The heavy rain induced by Typhoon Talas in 2011 caused deep-seated catastrophic landslides on Kii Peninsula in the central part of Japan. Remote-sensing techniques play a key role in natural disasters in terms of quick response and mitigation. We propose a quick response method for landslide mapping using high-resolution satellite images. For synthetic aperture radar analysis, pre- and post-disaster COSMO-SkyMed images were used to detect the landslide areas on Kii Peninsula. We investigated the potential for landslide detection using backscattering coefficient difference and intensity correlation. The difference in the backscattering coefficient or the intensity correlation reflects the land-cover change between pre- and post-disaster images. We also investigated the effects of speckle noise reduction filtering and window size. The detected landslide areas were compared with the area detected by EROS-B, which has a very high-resolution optical sensor. The optimal value of the F-measure (61.24%) was obtained within a 37 × 37 window size using the intensity correlation, with a 5 × 5 window size Frost filter. The precision and recall were 65.39% and 57.58%, respectively. The results confirm that rapid detection of a landslide at the initial stage could be effectively achieved using pre- and post-disaster COSMO-SkyMed images.


From the analogy between the frequency structure of texts and the Bose-distribution in statistical physics the parameters are calculated to describe texts in several languages. Using the model of harmonic oscillators, the frequency spectrum of text can be fitted to the occupation numbers in the Bose-distribution via the analog of temperature and the space dimension. Best results are achieved for highly analytic languages (Chinese, Hawaiian, Vietnamese, Mauritian Creole, Lojban) with fractional space dimensions D <; 1.


Mass pyrolysis rate is the key parameter to predict fire behavior. It is generally deduced from the energy balance at the surface of the solid material. However, due to lack of knowledge, existing pyrolysis models use simplifying assumptions neglecting all or part of in-depth losses into the solid material or the net radiation at its surface. In order to improve the accuracy of pyrolysis models, experiments are conducted to quantitatively evaluate the heat transfer components at the surface of burning thick clear poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) slabs at steady state. The contributions of each transfer mode including radiation and convection from the flame, surface re-radiation, and in-depth losses, to total heat flux are determined from two series of experiments. Pure pyrolysis (non-flaming) cone calorimeter experiments are first carried out to evaluate in-depth losses in horizontally-oriented slabs exposed to an incident heat flux below that of ignition. A specific procedure based on video processing is used to track the position of the PMMA regressing surface with time. The second series of experiments consist in burning vertically-oriented slabs from 2.5 cm to 20 cm in height, 10 cm in width and 3 cm in thickness. It is found that only a small part of flame radiation is transmitted through the virgin solid, most in-depth radiation being absorbed by the bubble surface, which in turn strongly emits radiation inward. An excellent agreement is obtained between the local mass loss rate deduced from the energy balance and literature data.


In textbook models of exchange rate determination, the news contained in public information announcements is directly impounded into prices with there being no role for trading in this process of information assimilation. This paper directly tests this theoretical result using transaction level exchange rate return and trading data and a sample of scheduled macroeconomic announcements. The main result of the paper is that even information that is publicly and simultaneously released to all market participants is partially impounded into prices via the key micro level price determinant—order flow. We quantify the role that order flow plays and find that approximately one third of price-relevant information is incorporated via the trading process.


The measurement of the teaching quality is nowadays one of the basic target if the university training offer wants to be optimised. With respect to this, the law n. 370/99 represented a strong incentive to the search for techniques aimed to the identification of indicators which are capable to adequately measure the university teaching quality. However, numerous statistical methods exist which attempt to identify appropriate indicators. In this work we firstly analyse the main quantitative techniques from which it is possible to achieve multidimensional gross indicators. Afterwards, we propose an alternative methodological procedure. Its main feature is that the resulting quantitative measure of synthesis does not require any preventive numerical transformation of the modalities of the ordinal qualitative variables observed. Furthermore, it is independent from both theoretical constraints and the arbitrary effect of individual choices. Lastly, as an empirical application and for comparative purposes, we carry out an analysis while using the new qualitative indicator. To this end, we use data from questionnaires submitted to the students of the University of Foggia during the academic year 2000-2001.


a concise sketch of the manuscript Abstract is a structured narrative which distills the essence of a paper and informs readers of the key find-is a structured narrative which distills the essence of a paper and informs readers of the key findings in a study. As mentioned before, the abstract plays a deciding role in the eventual acceptance of a manuscript. Typically, an abstract should briefly introduce the field of study and state the biological question (preferably within the first two sentences; Figure 3). This can be followed by the major experimental approach used to address the defined problem, along with any novel/important methods used. Finally, it should state the key results ending with the major conclusions and if appropriate, the broader implications of one's findings. As mentioned before, the abstract is the most assessable part of a manuscript, so it must be stand alone. Authors should ensure that the abstract is concise and free of any specific abbreviations or experimental details. As a snapshot of the whole paper, the abstract should be written after the finished draft is ready. Once written, the abstract should be revised till the final form is concise and coherent. Things to avoid: (i) Excess word count; (ii) Vague language and run-through sentences; (iii) Excess detail about experimental procedures and results and (iv) Inclusion of references.


With Moores Law saturating, efforts are being directed towards finding worthy alternatives for CMOS technology. Several promising technologies viz. Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNFET), Tunnel FETs, Silicon Nanowires, etc. have been put forward over the recent past. This paper explores CNFET-based implementations of non-linear-feedback neural networks to solve a variety of computational problems. Specific examples include circuits for solving systems of simultaneous linear equations, linear programming and graph coloring. All the circuits have an associated transcendental energy function that ensures fast convergence to the solution. HSPICE simulation results are presented for various chosen sets of problems and are found to agree with the theoretical solutions.


Additional results from a previously described computer simulation of an adaptive delta modulator are presented and interpreted, and their relevance to a proposed upper bound on delta-modulator performance is indicated.


Introduction\ Section 1: Interpreting Images\ Elizabeth Bloch-Smith, "Acculturating gender Roles: Images as Conveyors of Culture in Ancient Israel"\ Rudiger Schmitt, "Mixed Creatures and the Assyrian Influence on the West Semitic Glyptic repertoire"\ Meir Lubetski, "Unlocking the Cryptic Connection between the Inscription and the Icon in Pre-Exilic Hebrew Seals"\ Amy Gansell, "Feminine Beauty and Adornment Represented in Levantine Ivory Sculpture and the Old Testament"\ Martin Klingbeil, "Children I have raised and brought up" (Isaiah 1:2): Female Metaphors of God in Isaiah and ANE Images of Syro-Palestinian Goddesses\ Regine Hunziker Rodewald, "Thrones in Sheol"\ Thomas Staubli, An Iconography of Justification\ Jackie Wyse-Rhodes, "Finding Asherah: The Goddesses in Text and Image"\ Maria Lindquist, "Ethics, Ecology, and the Iconography of 'the Peaceable Kingdom' in Isa 11:6-9"\ Brent A. Strawn, "The Iconography of Fear: yir' at yhwh in Artistic Perspective"\ Meindert Dijkstra, "Amos and the Ivory Beds and Houses of Samaria"\ Hans Ulrich Steymans, "Psalm 89, A Royal Funeral Song: Textual Development and Iconographic Evidence"\ Izaak J. de Hulster, " A God of the Mountains? An Iconographic Perspective on 1 Kings 20:23"\ Appendix\ Izaak J. de Hulster, "Tools for Iconographic exegesis: A Review of Important Literature for Iconographic Exegesis, a Survey of Image Sources, and Practical Information for Processing Pictorial Material"\Bibliography \ Index


ObjectiveChronic kidney disease is a noteworthy pathophysiology as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the usefulness of combining glomerular filtration rate and 201thallium(201Tl) /123iodine-&bgr;-methyliodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (123I-BMIPP) dual myocardial scintigraphic findings for predicting cardiac events. MethodsSeventy-five patients suspected of coronary artery disease underwent 201Tl/123I-BMIPP dual myocardial scintigraphy. Clinical and nuclear variables were included in the multivariate analysis for predicting hard events (cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction) and soft events (unstable angina, heart failure, and coronary revascularization). Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the modification of diet in renal disease formula. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to investigate the incremental prognostic value of glomerular filtration rate. ResultsDuring the mean follow-up period of 425 days, eight patients had hard events and 20 patients had soft events. Multivariate analysis revealed that glomerular filtration rate and the sum of total defect score in 123I-BMIPP image were independent predictors of total cardiac events, whereas sex, diabetes, glomerular filtration rate, and the number of abnormal segments in 201Tl image were those of hard events. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that greater risk stratification was achieved by adding a glomerular filtration rate of lesser than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 to the sum of the total defect score ≥ 5 in the 123I-BMIPP image. Greater risk stratification for hard events was also achieved by adding a glomerular filtration rate of lesser than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 to the number of abnormal segments ≥ 2 in 201Tl image. ConclusionBetter risk stratification can be achieved by adding glomerular filtration rate to 201Tl/123I-BMIPP dual myocardial scintigraphic findings.


The use of electric and electromagnetic fields has been used to promote healing in delayed unions and nonunions of bone of more than thirty years.This article introduces its current situation,present questions and future directions.


Medical images used in clinical practice are heterogeneous and not the same quality as scans studied in academic research. Preprocessing breaks down in extreme cases when anatomy, artifacts, or imaging parameters are unusual or protocols are different. Methods robust to these variations are most needed. A novel deep learning method is proposed for fast and accurate segmentation of the human brain into 132 regions. The proposed model uses an efficient U-Net-like network and benefits from the intersection points of different views and hierarchical relations for the fusion of the orthogonal 2D planes and brain labels during the end-to-end training. Weakly supervised learning is deployed to take the advantage of partially labeled data for the whole brain segmentation and estimation of the intracranial volume (ICV). Moreover, data augmentation is used to expand the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data by generating realistic brain scans with high variability for robust training of the model while preserving data privacy. The proposed method can be applied to brain MRI data including skull or any other artifacts without preprocessing the images or a drop in performance. Several experiments using different atlases are conducted to evaluate the segmentation performance of the trained model compared to the state-of-the-art, and the results show higher segmentation accuracy and robustness of the proposed model compared to the existing methods across different intra- and inter-domain datasets.


The effects of two flubendiamide compositional formulations against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were tested,and their influence on Nliaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera occurrence was examined.The results of field trials showed that the leaf-protecting and insecticidal efficacy of flubendiamide + thiachopriol 48% SC at 30,60 and 120 g/hm2 against C.medinali were 94.28%-98.46% and 96.90%-100%,respectively.The leaf-protecting and insecticidal efficacy of flubendiamide + avemectin 10% SC at 22.5 and 45 g/hm2 against C.medinali were 89.39%-96.63% and 91.73%-94.62%,respectively.The occurrence numbers of Nliaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera in the treatment area of two compositional formulation were 20.08%-46.91% lower than that in the non-treatment area.The two flubendiamide compositional formulation had good efficacy against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,and the occurrence number of Nliaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera in later period was reduced.


EDITOR—Of the 900 doctors who signed up to support an insurance based funding for a national health service, only three are general practitioners and no one claims to be working in the discipline of public health. …


The adsorption of chloride on Cu(110) single-crystal surface has been investigated in hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by using in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A (1 × 1) structure of Cu(110) substrate lattice was visualized at the potentials negative than −450 mV vs SCE, where chloride anions were desorbed. In the potential range from −400 mV to −150 mV vs SCE, two main complex adlayers with 3-fold and 4-fold periodicity along [110] direction of the substrate were observed. These structures with long-range periodicity are attributed to ordered chloride adlayers on unreconstructed Cu(110)-(1 × 1) structure. The different corrugation heights and periodic modulations along [110] direction observed in STM images indicate that chloride anions are located at nonequivalent binding sites. The average measured lattice constants for the two adlayers have the same size as the substrate lattice along [001] direction and have 4 and 5 times the lattice spacing of the underlying copper substrate along [...


photography the whole story pdf Photography is the art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.It is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art ...


Objective: Ornithine -ketoglutarate (OKG) displays anabolic properties at the hepatic level, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study investigated in vivo the ability of OKG to modulate hepatic gene expression of three liver-secreted proteins: albumin, transthyretin, and retinol binding protein. Methods: One hundred eighty rats were fed for 5 d with a balanced regimen enriched with OKG (5 g·k g 1 ·d 1 ) or an isonitrogenous mixture (alanine, glycine, and serine). Hepatic mRNA levels and plasma concentrations of the three proteins studied were determined at the end of the nutrition period and after 1, 2, an d3do ffood deprivation. Results were compared by analysis of variance and Bonferroni-Dunn tests. Results: At the end of the nutrition period, hepatic mRNA levels and plasma concentrations of the three proteins were not modified by OKG supplementation. However, OKG largely increased mRNA levels of albumin, transthyretin, and retinol binding protein on the first day of starvation compared with control animals (68%, 64% and 51%, respectively; P 0.01 versus control). OKG precociously increased albuminemia (on day 2) but had no effect on plasma concentrations of transthyretin and retinol binding protein. Neither regulation of polyamine hepatic concentration nor alteration in hepatic amino acid content seemed to be implicated in these actions. Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate that OKG regulates in vivo liver gene expression during acute malnutrition by modulating hepatic mRNA levels. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


The market and production of ferrous powder metallurgy in America,Europe and Japan are analysed.Several key new technologies are enumerated.The economic and technical exchange of ferrous powder metallurgy became more transregional,multi-industrial and specialized.The traditional ways of exchange may be extended by web.Information on web needs to be classified and issued centralized.A batter channel for exchange is necessary.A proposal of set up some research networks in this field is put forward.


The fight for network neutrality continues, despite disappointing court rulingOn October 1, 2019, a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit delivered a long-awaited and complex ruling on whether the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) had the authority to eliminate Obama-era network neutrality protections that required all Internet traffic to be treated equally and prohibited blocking or prioritizing traffic in any way. The issue hinges in part on the reclassification of broadband as a telecommunications service, which would have made Internet service providers subject to stricter regulations. The judges ruled in favor of the FCC, saying it does have the authority to determine how the Internet is regulated (or not, in this case). At the same time, the court also determined the FCC still has work to do, remanding parts of the order back for further proceedings and, most importantly, rejecting the FCC's attempts to prevent states from passing their own net neutrality rules.


Background: Current evidence has focused on the complications of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) types 2 and 3, and there is a gap in the knowledge of the complications of FGM/C types 1 and 4, which are often considered milder forms of cutting. Case Presentation: A 23-year-old Somali woman with FGM/C was referred for chronic clitoral pain and superficial dyspareunia after several inconclusive gynecological examinations. Her clitoris was found to be entrapped under the scar of the cut clitoral hood. We surgically lysed the scar and reconstructed a prepuce. At the two-month follow-up, the patient reported no pain and physiologic sexual response. Conclusion: Clitoral pain and dyspareunia after FGM/C can be due to the incarceration of the clitoral glans. Treatment is surgical lysis of the scar.


Lacey's theory, concerning a gas-solid reaction rate is applied to a stability study of a pharmaceutical solid. An accelerated air oxidation of ascorbic acid is analysed to predict its shelf life at room temperature as an example. The temperature dependence of the diffusion constant is found to be 48 kcal/mole, and that of the chemical reaction rate, 26 kcal/mole. The diffusion constant, and 2nd order reaction rate constant at 25° are estimated to be 1.6×10-12cm2/hr, and 4.3×10-4 liter/mole-hr, respectively. The 1% degradation life of ascorbic acid in a disk of mannitol conglomerate containing 10% ascorbic acid is estimated to be about 200 years in the absence of moisture.


PURPOSE: To obtain a compd. useful to produce a medicine for treating a malign tumor, an inflammatory disease, etc., by removing protective groups from an intermediate compd. in the presence of water, etc. CONSTITUTION: Phenyl glycoside represented by formula I glycosyl is polysaccharide, oligosaccharide or monosaccharide protected with benzyl protective groups, etc., W is an arom. group having a conjugated double bond, R is H, methyl, etc., (p) is 0 or 1, (n) is an integer, X is O, NH, etc., Y is O, NH, etc., and Z is a reactive removable group such as a chloride) is allowed to react with a drug in the presence of an org. base such as triethylamine and a solvent such as acetonitrile or dioxane to form a protected intermediate compd. The protective groups are then removed by hydrolysis with an alkali metallic hydroxide soln. in the presence of methanol, etc., to obtain the objective compd. represented by formula II.


In islands of the West Indian zoogeographical region, rabbits are not native, and wild populations are the result of introductions. Oryctolagus cuniculus is the only lagomorph listed among the introduced mammals of the Cuban archipelago. We analyzed specimens of wild rabbits and we report the occurrence of Sylvilagus floridanus for the first time in Cuba. Capture data suggest that their distribution is currently limited to the west-central region of the island. However, the niche models showed high climatic suitability throughout the majority of Cuba, suggesting a high expansion probability.


The horizontal line array is the common type for receiving and detecting of underwater acoustic signal.It is widely used in direction-of-arrival estimation and target detection.Ocean acoustic environment has direct and important influence upon the use of the horizontal line array.The calculation results are given in different working depths.It is shown that the best working depth can be obtained by calculating array signal processing based on normal-mode theory.The research result has important application value in the detecting of towed line array sonar.


As the link between health and environmental quality is receiving due attention, the commitment to safeguard the environment from both the physical and social impacts associated with hospital waste is growing. Many aspects of human well-being are influenced by the environment and many diseases can be initiated, promoted, sustained or stimulated by environmental factors. Environmental health is a segment of public health and thus the environmental health professionals need to formulate policies which would check the indiscriminate dumping of infectious waste and incorporate the element of accountability. Although the Notification of rules to regulate hospital waste was issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India in 1998 and subsequently revised in 2012, hospitals and nursing homes are yet to react to it seriously thus posing constraints to the safe and rational management of hospital waste. This paper focuses on the Indian and international legal scenario with respect to hospital waste. It is clear that there is a lacuna in the implementation of policies and gross violation of human rights.


The author examines the international experience in the development and use of the Central bank digital currencies (CBDC) – a new form of the officially distributed national currencies. The conclusion is made that in order to establish the Eurasian Economic Union's common financial market it is necessary to develop national digital currencies on the basis of the unified technical and regulatory standards.


The in-situ determination of the molecular composition of aerosol particles, composed of DES and DBP and suspended in an air flow, is described. The laser-Raman scattering technique was applied to determine the composition of a monodisperse, model aerosol, 10 mm in diameter, which flows through the scattering volume.


Quarry mining in the city of Bogota has generated different impacts, which causes negative effects on the environment, generating the adoption of Ecological Restoration as a strategy to recover degraded areas. However, within this discipline, the analysis of the activities are not carried out more systematically at a lower cost. For this reason, this paper proposes a cost-effective analysis of the strategies implemented in the recovery of quarry mining, in the case of ANAFALCO (National Association of Brick Manufacturers) taking into account its stated objectives. A review of national and local regulations was made to know what the association is legally committed to. Three companies that perform actions and report costs were selected. Field observations were made on the vegetation (soil cover and vertical strata) and physicochemical characteristics of the soil (moisture, organic matter, apparent density, real density and color) were found in the spaces intended for recovery. Satellite images were analyzed to find the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and a survey was applied to the chosen companies. It was found that the association formulates a single strategy for space recovery (revegetalization) for all companies. Companies do not monitor the actions, in addition, there are no specific goals or indicators to recover in a certain time. In the spaces of the companies, the results of soil and vegetation showed intermediate recovery values and low EVI values, highlighting that the company Ladrillera Los Cristales has increased the vegetation in the evaluated years (p-value = 0.01178), showing greater effectiveness and a better relation in relation to the reported costs, different from the other two companies whose investment has not been reflected in the recovery of spaces.


Objective To study relation of the life event and physical and psychological health on the patient with depressive neurosis, to provide the basis of the clinical mental nursing and the preventive treatment of the mental illness. Methods Making a measurement for 100 cases of patients with depressive neurosis (study group) and 100 cases of normal population matched (control group) by Life Event Scale (LES) and Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS) together, and the results were analyzed and compared Results The quantity of negative life events in study group was more than that of control group (P<0.01), but the score of SRHMS was lower than that of the control group (P<0.01) , the negative life events and self-test health had certain negative correlation. Conclusions The patients with depressive neurosis had lower level of psychological health , they were vulnerable to influence of the negative life events easier. Reducing the stimulus of the negative life events, improving the mental health level are the important measures to cure depressive neurosis patients.

Key words:
Depressive neurosis;  Life event;  Physical and psychological health;  Correlation


The first step in cytogenetic research is the investigation on karyotypes of valuable species because this survey supplemented valuable information for plant breeder. In this research, karyotype of three drug plants such as Salvia officinalis L., Stachys byzantine L. and Dracocephalum molarica L. was studied in a completely randomized design with four replications (each replication included 10 samples). These plants were collected from different areas of East Azerbaijan province of Iran by agriculture experts. The aim of this research is to study karyology such as the number of chromosomes, length of each chromosome, length of long and short arms, and centromer index. Dracocephalum molarica has five pairs of chromosomes including three pairs of metacentric chromosomes and two pairs of sub-metacentric chromosomes. The length of chromosomes in this species is between 0.714 and 1.301 micron. The difference between chromosomes in respect of length is significant by Duncan's multiple range test at alpha=0.05 level. All chromosomes length was 9.914 micron in mitotic metaphase. One pair of chromosome has satellite at its end. Salvia officinalis L. has seven pairs of chromosomes and the average of all chromosomes length is 12.488 micron in mitotic metaphase. This species has three pairs of sub-metacentric chromosomes and four pairs of metacentric chromosomes. Stachys byzantine has four pairs of chromosomes and the mean of length is between 0.886 and 1.40 micron. This species has two pairs of metacentric chromosomes and one pair of sub-metacentric chromosome. There isn't any significant variation among individuals of Stachys byzantine L. and Dracocephalum molarica L. by multivariate analysis at alpha=0.05 level; however, variation was obtained among individuals of Salvia officinalis L. by multivariate analysis and discriminate analysis by wilks' Lambda statistics.


The traditional evolutionary algorithm is cannot converge faster to solve the path optimization problems, and the path that is computed is not the shortest path, in allusion to the disadvantage of this algorithm, a mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. The algorithm introduces the adaptive mutation strategy, and accelerated the speed to search for the global optimal solution. For seven examples experiment in standard database, the result shows that the algorithm is more efficient..


Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) might be at high risk for bone disease. Decreased functional kidney mass contributes to renal osteodystrophy, which might be exacerbated by certain drug therapies. Long-term (_>6 months) corticosteroid treatment is commonly prescribed in patients with glomerular disease, possibly causing bone loss both indirectly and directly, putting the patient at increased risk for fracture. The dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the current "gold standard" for measuring osteoporosis-related fractures and works by passing ultrasound waves through bone to determine the structural anisotropy in the heel. Objective: This pilot study was designed to determine whether there is a correlation between DXA and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in detecting corticosteroidinduced osteoporosis.


The extraction technique and stability of the pigment in jujube peel was studied in this paper. Pigment in jujube peel was extracted by alkali method and the extraction method was optimized. Under the optimum condition: 3%NaOH concentration,1∶40 material-solvent ratio,at 100℃ for 100min,yield of crude pigment could reach 21.27%,with good stability for light,heat treatment,reducer,K + ,Ca 2+ ,Zn 2+ ,Mg 2+ ,sugar,citric acid and so on.


Pushpal Desarkar, Centre for Cognitive Neurosciences, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, and Shamshul Haque Nizamie, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India: Tiagabine is a selective GABA-reuptake inhibitor used as adjunctive therapy for patients with partial epilepsy [1]. Symptoms resembling mania following withdrawal of GABA-ergic drugs are accumulating in literature. There are reports of withdrawal-emergent mania as a result of benzodiazepine discontinuation [2], especially lorazepam [3]. In clinical trials, behavioural effects have been noted with tiagabine which comprise of causing depression, nervousness and rarely psychosis [1]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report of tiagabine-associated mania in literature so far. We report tiagabine withdrawal-emergent mania in a patient with complex partial seizures (CPS). A.P., a 20-year-old male patient with nil contributory past or family history visited our epilepsy clinic in July 2005 with history suggestive of temporal lobe CPS for past 2 years. His CT scan of brain (contrast study) was normal and electroencephalogram showed frequent bitemporal spike and slow waves. His seizures were inadequately controlled with carbamazepine 900 mg day − 1


Since the mechanism of innovation,incentive and evaluation is insufficient presently in higher vocational colleges,there have appeared some problems like the deviation of teaching orientation,inappropriate textbooks,backward teaching methods,etc.Therefore,efforts need to be devoted to conducting classified teaching,strengthening employment training and perfecting evaluation mechanism.


Relationship equity is one of key tools used by strategists to understand customers and retain them for a long relatioship. This study examines five key drivers (loyalty programs, special recognition and treatment, affinity programs, community-building programs, knowledge-building programs) of relationship equity from the aspects of the hotel and its female customers. The author organized a conceptual model, and structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. In total, 322 female customers, who had purchasing experience with product and service of five-star hotels in Korea, participated in this study. The results indicate that perceived hotel relationship equity not only significantly influences customer satisfaction, but also influences the relationship continuity intention. Above all, four drivers (loyalty programs, special recognition and treatment, community-building programs, knowledge-building programs) have positive impacts on customer satisfaction. Besides, two drivers (affinity programs and knowledge-building programs) positively influence the relationship continuity intention. Also, customer satisfaction found to have a moderating effect on the association between relationship equity and relationship continuity intention.


The problem of joint universal source coding and modeling, treated in the context of lossless codes by Rissanen, was recently generalized to fixed-rate lossy coding of finitely parametrized continuous-alphabet i.i.d. sources. We extend these results to variable-rate lossy block coding of stationary ergodic sources and show that, for bounded metric distortion measures, any finitely parametrized family of stationary sources satisfying suitable mixing, smoothness and Vapnik-Chervonenkis learnability conditions admits universal schemes for joint lossy source coding and identification. We also give several explicit examples of parametric sources satisfying the regularity conditions.


The present paper investigate the reflection and transmission characteristics of thermo-viscoelastic plane waves at liquid-solid interface. The liquid is chosen to be viscous and the solid half-space is homogeneous isotropic, thermally conducting viscoelastic. Classical (coupled) theory of linear thermo-viscoelasticity has been employed to investigate the characteristics of reflected and transmitted waves. Reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained for quasilongitudinal () wave. The numerical computations of reflection and transmission coefficients are carried out for watercopper structure with the help of Gauss-elimination by using MATLAB software and the results have been presented graphically.


A project in Tianjin was selected as the study case.Its building layouts abide by the principle of"Low Impact Development".The impacts of different building layouts in existing enclosing site on outdoor wind environment were analyzed comprehensively.Adopting the wind distribution uniformity,the ratio of area with comfort wind and the ratio of differential pressure greater than 1.5Pa area between wind ward and leeward sides of buildings were proposed to evaluate the building layout.


Objective To study the function of hyperbaric oxygen in the wound healing of skin dermabrasion.Methods A total of 32 cases of facial scar underwent skin dermabrasion,in which 20 cases were caused by acne and 12 cases by external injury.16 cases were given hyperbaric oxygen treatment after skin dermabrasion randomly and lasted for 6 days,while the other 16 cases were given only routine dressing change which was same to the hyperbaric oxygen group.We observed the wound healing time and dress changing time under the condition of hyperbaric oxygen and no hyperbaric oxygen after skin dermabrasion.Results Sixteen cases received hyperbaric oxygen recovered with short healing time,average 11 days,while other 16 cases received no hyperbaric oxygen recovered with longer healing time,average 16 days,without wound infection.Significant statistical difference (P<0.05) was found by SPSS 11.5 analysis.However,the average time of dress changing in hyperbaric oxygen group was 5 days,which was a little more than that of the group without hyperbaric oxygen treatment (average time of 4 days) although there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups.Conclusions The wound healing of skin dermabrasion can be improved by hyperbaric oxygen.

Key words:
Scar;  Face;  Hyperbaric oxygenation;  Skin dermabrasion


Accumulation of space debris, approximately 19,000 man-made objects larger than 10 cm and numerous smaller objects, resulting from decades of space utilization by human beings have rendered the space environment hazardous. The lifetime of the debris in the much exploited Sun-synchronous orbit where the debris concentration is particularly high can be centuries. While larger debris are fewer and can be tracked and avoided the smaller-scale debris are numerous and arc hard to track individually. Their collision with active satellites is more likely and could be catastrophic. At present there are no credible solutions for their removal making them particularly dangerous and can soon challenge our access to space. We discuss a concept for de-orbiting small-scale debris with characteristic dimension of about 10 cm or less from the highly populated sun synchronous orbit region by injecting micron scale dust grains in this region to artificially increase drag on the debris. The drag enhancement is most effective when dust grains counter rotate with respect to the debris. Our concept is designed to target small-scale debris m orbits with perigee above 900 km where the natural debris lifetime can be very long. For a specific example we focus on small debris with ballistic coefficient (Mass(kg)/Area(m)) 5 or less. A ballistic coefficient of 5 represents small debris in a variety of sizes and shapes. For example, broken pieces of satellites (aluminum, density 2.7 gm/cc) with dimension 10 cm × 10 cm × 1.5 mm or 30 cm × 30 cm × 1.5 mm, etc. The density of the dust cloud necessary to de-orbit small debris is sufficiently low such that the orbits of larger active satellites with much larger ballistic coefficients are minimally affected. Various implementation schemes and possible detrimental effects of the injected dust cloud on active satellites and their mitigation will be discussed.


A universal friction law for turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate with suction is established. Experimental skin‐friction distributions obtained for various suction factors and Reynolds numbers are described in similarity variables by a single universal curve. The law is valid for the entire range of suction velocities from zero one till the limiting values corresponding to asymptotic‐suction boundary layers. The analysis is not based on any particular turbulence model. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


This guide provides links and other information that was referred to in the Library session on February 20. Please contact Your Librarian, Melody Allison, firstname.lastname@example.com if you need assistance, including to make 1:1 consultation appointment.


We consider the kinematic control problem for nonholonomic mobile manipulators (NMMs) whose base contains steering wheels. For all typical tasks, the steering velocity inputs of such systems do not appear in the differential relationship between the first-order time derivative of the task output and the available NMM inputs. As a consequence, these inputs are not used by velocity-level control laws based on simple (pseudo)inversion of the task Jacobian, leading in general to the impossibility of completing the task. We propose two control solutions to this open problem based on the framework of input-output feedback linearization. First, a static feedback law is presented that defines the unspecified steering velocities via an optimization action in the null space of the task Jacobian. A dynamic feedback law is then proposed based on the input-output differential map obtained by considering the task acceleration. In this case, the velocity of the steering wheels becomes an active input for task execution, together with the manipulator joint accelerations and the driving accelerations of the base. The feasibility and performance of the two kinematic controllers are compared in simulation for a car-like base carrying a planar manipulator.


The complete set of independent second- and third-order elastic constants of rare-earth hexaborides LaB 6 and CeB 6 are determined by the combination method of first-principles calculations and homogeneous deformation theory. The ground-state lattice parameters, second-order elastic constants, and bulk modulus are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data. The third-order elastic constant of longitudinal mode C 111 has a larger absolute value than other shear modes, showing the contribution to lattice vibrations from longitudinal modes to be greater. The pressure derivatives of the second-order elastic constants related to the third-order elastic constants are calculated to be positive for the two hexaborides, which are consistent with those of their polycrystalline bulk modulus and shear modulus. Furthermore, the effect of pressure on the structural stability, mechanical property, and elastic anisotropy of the two hexaborides are investigated, showing a reduction in mechanical stability and an increase in ductility and anisotropy with increasing pressure.


Objective To investigate the association of procalcitonin (PCT) and gut function in the early stage of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods 21 patients with SAP were assigned to SAP group and 16 patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases were served as control. Scores of APACHE Ⅱ, Marshall, and gut function was calculated on ICU admission. Samples of blood, sputum, urine, draining fluid were collected for bacteriological examinations on Days 1 to 3 of admission. Serum levels of PCT and D-lactase were detected. The association among PCT, D-lactase, and gut function was analyzed; and the diagnostic value of PCT for SAP with gut dysfunction was assessed. Results Only two patients with SAP were found to have bacterial infection within three days after admission. As compared with the control group, scores of APACHE Ⅱ, Marshall, and gut function and levels of PCT and D-lactase were significantly increased in the SAP group (P 0.01 for all comparisons). PCT was positively related with D-lactase and gut function score (P 0.01 for all comparisons). PCT ≥2.25 ng/L had the greatest value in predicting SAP with gut dysfunction. Conclusions Serum PCT level is increased in the early stage of SAP, which is closely related with gut dysfunction (hyperpermeability).


We present piXedfit, pixelized spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, a Python package that provides tools for analyzing spatially resolved properties of galaxies using multiband imaging data alone or in combination with integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data. piXedfit has six modules that can handle all tasks in the spatially resolved SED fitting. The SED fitting module uses the Bayesian inference technique with two kinds of posteriors sampling methods: Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and random densely-sampling of parameter space (RDSPS). We test the performance of the SED fitting module using mock SEDs of simulated galaxies from IllustrisTNG. The SED fitting with both posteriors sampling methods can recover physical properties and star formation histories of the IllustrisTNG galaxies well. We further test the performance of piXedfit modules by analyzing 20 galaxies observed by the CALIFA and MaNGA surveys. The data comprises of 12-band imaging data from GALEX, SDSS, 2MASS, and WISE, and the IFS data from CALIFA or MaNGA. piXedfit can spatially match (in resolution and sampling) of the imaging and IFS data. By fitting only the photometric SEDs, piXedfit can predict the spectral continuum, Dn4000, Hα, and Hβ well. The star formation rate (SFR) derived by piXedfit is consistent with that derived from Hα emission. The RDSPS method gives equally good fitting results as the MCMC and it is much faster than the MCMC. piXedfit is a versatile tool equipped with a parallel computing module for efficient analysis of large datasets, and will be made publicly available.


The growing presence of students with specific learning disorders (SLD) at Italian universities and the expansion of e-learning stimulate a reflection about the relationship between university e-learning and the right to study of students with SLD keeping in consideration of the typical characteristics of disorders of learning and the implications that these entail in the use of technology and the web. Even for students with SLD, technologies and e-elearning have to be facilitators of learning and participation. For this purpose, it is very important to guarantee technological support and an inclusive e-learning environment. This is necessary for going beyond the mere transmission of contents and represent a way of interpreting teaching that increases the value of traditional teaching thanks to the integration of communication. Within the debate about the inclusive dimension of university education and in the perspective of the bio-psyco-social model of the «human functioning», the paper presents a descriptive research aimed to investigate the real situation about both the use of technologies and the participation in e-learning environments for students with SLD of Roma Tre University.


As research on smart cities garners increased attention and its status consolidates as one of the fanciest areas of research today, this paper makes a case for a cautious rethink of the very rationale and relevance of the debate. To this end, this paper looks at the smart cities debate from the perspectives of, on the one hand, citizens' awareness of applications and solutions that are considered 'smart' and, on the other hand, their ability to use these applications and solutions. Drawing from a detailed analysis of the outcomes of a pilot international study, this paper showcases that even the most educated users of smart city services, i.e., those arguably most aware of and equipped with skills to use these services effectively, express very serious concerns regarding the utility, safety, accessibility and efficiency of those services. This suggests that more pragmatism needs to be included in smart cities research if its findings are to remain useful and relevant for all stakeholders involved. The discussion in this paper contributes to the smart cities debate in three ways. First, it adds empirical support to the thesis of 'normative bias' of smart cities research. Second, it suggests ways of bypassing it, thereby opening a debate on the preconditions of sustainable interdisciplinary smart cities research. Third, it points to new avenues of research.


In this paper, we consider the finite sample property of the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator for an AR(1) model with measurement error. We present the Edgeworth approximation for a finite distribution of OLS up to O(T1/2). We introduce an instrumental variable estimator that is consistent in the presence of measurement error. Finally, a simulation study is conducted to assess the theoretical results and to compare the finite sample performances of these estimators.


Poetic emotion remains in a state of flowing, which contributes to the formation of such major patterns as flushing style,deep torrent style,wave style,and volcano-erupting style.Poetic emotion remains flowing with the aid of image,ideas and memory.Thus,the writers should keep their feelings and emotion in good control and select the approaches appropriate for the content and form.


The risk of maritime traffic is an issue to express the uncertain information. In order to assess the risk of traffic environment at port, the theories and methods of unascertained mathematics were introduced. Considering the unascertained characteristics of traffic environment at port, the weight of risk system coefficients was determined and an unascertained quantitative model was established for evaluation of traffic environment on the basis of the information entropy theory. Then, it gets the corresponding rank and evaluation of the maritime risk, with the help of applying this model in 13 sections of two ports of China. Compared with traditional weight obtained method, the results show that the evaluation is reliable, and this unascertained measure is more propitious to resolve the evaluation of traffic risk in different ports by the same evaluation standard solely on the basis of objective data.


There has been an explosion of information about flower development recently, largely because of genetic and molecular studies in Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhihum majus. A number of homeotic genes have been identified that regulate flower development, and models have been proposed for the specification of meristem and floral organ identities. Molecular cloning of many of these genes has allowed the testing of specific predictions of the models but also has led to modifications of a floral organ identity model. Furthermore, several of the floral genes contain a conserved region, the MADS box, which encodes a domain with striking sequence similarity with known transcription factors from human and yeast. Additional MADS box genes have been isolated from several plants; these genes are likely to play important regulatory roles during flower development. The genetic and molecular studies have uncovered many of the components of a complex network of regulatory proteins that directs flower development. Further characterization of these and other yet to be discovered components promises to contribute a great deal to our understanding of the mechanisms controlling flower development. Flowering plants, like other land plants, have vegetative organs such as roots, stems, and leaves, which absorb nutrients and water from the soil, transport them to other parts of the plant, and synthesize organic compounds using the sun's energy. In addition, flowering plants produce elaborate reproductive structures, the flowers, which, following fertilization, become fruits and bear seeds. From the seasoned gardener to the casual observer, from the naturalist to the florist shopper, people have always been fascinated by the enormous variety of flowers, ranging from 2 mm to > 10 cm in length, covering the whole visual spectrum with their colors, and differing in the arrangement of flowers and the symmetry within a flower. How do flowers develop? What genes regulate this complex process? In recent years, rapid advances have been made in addressing these questions, largely as a result of genetic and molecular studies in two distantly related flowering plants, Arabidopsis thaliana, a relative of cauliflower and cabbage, and the snapdragon, Antirrhinum majus.


Development of any region depends upon proper planning based on reliable micro level information about its natural resources, socio-economic conditions and demographic set up. An essential pre-requisite for the success of any developmental plan at district level is the availability of an accurate, comprehensive and up-to-date database of existing facilities and their spatial organization. For planning at micro level in any district, a village may be adopted as the basic spatial unit for data collection, database preparation and subsequent spatial modelling. The main focus of the present work is to develop geostatistical model for assigning weights to different facilities using an objective approach for their integration and analysis under GIS environment as well as to assess the level of development at village level for Dehradun district in India. An integrated geo-database of existing infrastructural facilities, demographic and socio-economic parameters at village level for the district has also been created. For the development of geostatistical model, computer programs using AML (Arc Macro Language of Arc/Info GIS software) have been developed which forms the basis for carrying out various computations such as median population threshold, facility composite index, correlation matrix and village development index. GIS has also been used to prioritize the villages of Dehradun district based upon their existing level of development.


Plagiarism is a serious problem in academia today. It seems to be on the rise. The rise of the Internet has led to the decline of students writing. Plagiarism can no longer be neglected formally viewed as irrelevant. There is a growing concern about student academic honesty. Pressure to publish, especially when coupled with lack of time, the desire to get work into print quickly, and carelessness makes an individual commits the act of plagiarism, whether conscious or unconscious. This paper defines plagiarism, will discuss how to discourage plagiarism, provides strategies that can be employed to detect plagiarism, and concludes with some suggestion as what teachers, students and schools should do to prevent plagiarism.


The homo- and copolymerizations of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene are examined by using neodymium isopropoxide [Nd(Oi-Pr)3] as a catalyst, in combination with a methylaluminoxane (MAO) cocatalyst. In the homopolymerization of 1,3-butadiene, the binary Nd(Oi-Pr)3/MAO catalyst works quite effectively, to afford polymers with high molecular weight (M‾n ≈ 105 g mol-1), narrow molecular-weight distribution (MWD) (M‾w/M‾n = 1.4–1.6), and cis-1,4-rich structure (87–96%). Ternary catalysts that further contain chlorine sources enhance both catalytic activity and cis-1,4 selectivity. In the copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene, the copolymers feature high M‾n, unimodal gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) profiles, and narrow MWD. Most importantly, the ternary Nd(Oi-Pr)3/MAO/t-BuCl catalyst affords a copolymer with high cis-1,4 content in both monomer units (>95%).


Monthly rainfall data for 16 stations in Nigeria were collected for the period 1922–1985. From this, the annual, the wet season, the onset, the peak, and the retreat rainfall data were derived. The patterns of fluctuations of rainfall were analysed therefrom. The series were first examined for trends and then for periodic fluctuations. Trend analysis revealed that a majority of the series exhibit negative trends, and in some cases the trends were significant. For all the series analysed, there is the general tendency towards increasing aridity. Spectral analysis indicates prominent periods of between 2-and 8-year cycles. Other periodicities observed include 16-, 18-, and 21-year cycles.


Exfoliated vanadium aluminum carbide (V2AlC) MAX nanosheets coupled with porous graphitic carbon nitride to construct 2D/2D V2AlC MAX/g‐C3N4 heterojunction for photocatalytic CO2 reduction through dry reforming of methane has been investigated. Good interfacial interaction was achieved which enabled proficient charge carrier separation with promoted light absorption. The optimized 10 wt%V2AlC MAX/g‐C3N4 was more proficient with CO and H2 evolution rates of 118.74 and 89.52 μmole g−1 h‐1 at selectivity 57.01 and 42.98%, respectively. This efficiency for CO and H2 evolution rate was 2.21‐ and 1.99‐folds superior to using pure g‐C3N4. This improvement is due to good interfacial contact and efficient charge carrier separation by MAX, which increases photo‐induced charge carrier lifetime. The performance was further investigated with different reforming systems to manipulate the effective utilization of holes to extend charges recombination rate. Using CO2 reduction with hydrogen, CO2 methanation and the reverse water‐gas shift reaction were activated, whereas CO2 with water promoted more methane formation. By investigating CH4/CO2 feed ratios, the highest yield rates attained with the ratio of 1:0, confirming V2AlC based‐composite effectively activates both gases as evidenced by their apparent quantum yields. This study provides a promising route for the fabrication of noble‐metal‐free nanocomposite and will be useful for future energy and environmental applications.


An online module to deal with PCA has been developed in ASP scripting language based on Server-Client Architecture. The module produces descriptive statistics via subprogram Descriptive Stats, computes eigenvalues and eigenvector using MxEigen Jacobisub-program, order eigenvector through MxEigsrtsub-program and finally produces eigenvalues, eigenvectors, output loadings and components scores through Output Eigenval, Output Loadings, Output Scoressub-programs. A user friendly interface has been developed for entering or pasting the data, entering various parameters such as number of variables, number of observations and selection of covariance/correlation matrix. A complete procedure for how to perform principal component has also been provided in help file.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively perform tape binding of a wiring harness lead wire with a simple structure. SOLUTION: A tape 40 is supplied so that a length direction thereof is in traverse direction with respect to a lead wire length direction. In the tape, a first part is held by a first head part at first and second head parts 14 and 16 having flat tape holding faces 34 and 46, and a second length part is held by a second head part. The second head part is rotationally moved against the first head part, and the first and second parts of the tape are attached to both sides of the lead wire against a tape holding face of both head parts. Thereafter, the tape is selectively cut at a site selected between the lead wires by cutting means 82.


The present invention relates to one kind of recompounded pesticide containing clam worm toxin and organic heterocyclic compound. It includes bitertanol or monuron or their mixture as well as Bichonglin. During the recompounding, Imidan is first dissolved in surfactant containing polar organic solvent, bitertanol or monuron or their mixture and water are then added under stirring and the mixtureliquid is heated to 40-50 deg.c and maintained for 30 min to reach the pH value of 5.5-7.5. The pesticide has effective and relatively lasting preventing and killing effect to rice hopper, rice leaf rolling borer, yellow rice borer and other rice pests.


Aiming at the networking demand of modern measuring apparatus,a current measuring apparatus with double-CPU is designed,one CPU answers for current measurement,data calculation,keyboard operation and etc,the other answers for storage and communication.The apparatus increases the measuring precision by temperature auto-compensation which is realized by design of current measuring circuit,and it realizes networking measurement by designing network interface.The experimental results show the maximal measuring error of current is 0.57 %.The universal design of hardware and soft makes the apparatus be used in electrical source monitor and machine protection.


The pathogen of leaf apex wrinkle pathogen on sweet osmanthus was identified:Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz Sacc.)Its conidia were colourless,uni celled,cylindroid with blunt ends,8.80~19.2μm×4.48~5.44μm.The appressoria are brown,simple in sturcture,most of which are oval in shape with sizes of 4.2~6.6μm×5.3~8.5μm.


Deep learning (DL) shows remarkable performance in extracting buildings from high resolution remote sensing images. However, how to improve the performance of DL based methods, especially the perception of spatial information, is worth further study. For this purpose, we proposed a building extraction network with feature highlighting, global awareness, and cross level information fusion (B-FGC-Net). The residual learning and spatial attention unit are introduced in the encoder of the B-FGC-Net, which simplifies the training of deep convolutional neural networks and highlights the spatial information representation of features. The global feature information awareness module is added to capture multiscale contextual information and integrate the global semantic information. The cross level feature recalibration module is used to bridge the semantic gap between low and high level features to complete the effective fusion of cross level information. The performance of the proposed method was tested on two public building datasets and compared with classical methods, such as UNet, LinkNet, and SegNet. Experimental results demonstrate that B-FGC-Net exhibits improved profitability of accurate extraction and information integration for both small and large scale buildings. The IoU scores of B-FGC-Net on WHU and INRIA Building datasets are 90.04% and 79.31%, respectively. B-FGC-Net is an effective and recommended method for extracting buildings from high resolution remote sensing images.


Thermal analysis technique is the key technique in the design of space-borne antenna. A paraboloid antenna was taken for instance, with the study on the thermal balance relation in the astrospace, according to the thermal and flexible theories, using thermal analysis software and perpendicularity method to carry on simulation calculation. The main influence factors of square root error and temperature field for antenna were analyzed .The analysis result not only economizes a great deal of trial expenses but also raises reliability which have important instruction meaning.


The SLC damping rings function to provide low emittance, short bunches for injection into the linac. As the beam intensity in the rings was raised, as part of the SLC luminosity improvement program, we observed a threshold above which beam jitter would occur in the linac. Frequent machine trios, caused by beam loss on some bunches, were associated with the jitter. These erratic "flier" pulses were traced to extraction phase errors from the damping rings. This paper covers the diagnosis of this condition and the observations of the transient bunch length instability phenomena. The evidence of this turbulent (microwave) bunch length instability is seen in both time domain and in frequency domain measurements. The instability has been dubbed the "sawtooth" because of the characteristic time dependent nature of the phase and bunch length signals. It is present in both the SLC electron and positron damping rings at about the same threshold of 3/spl times/10/sup 10/ particles per bunch. There is also some evidence in numerical simulations of transient bunch lengthening phenomena, which is discussed later in this paper.<<ETX>>


Thirty-seven pesticides in rice were determined simultaneously by GC with PFPD and ECD after separation by dispersive-solid phase extraction(DSPE).Sample of rice was extracted homogeneously with mixture of acetone-hexane(25+75) as dispersion agent.The extract obtained was purified by DSPE through shaking with mixture of C18,ethylene diamine-N-propylsilane(PSA) and anhydrous magnesium sulfate in the sample flask.The supernatant was used for GC analysis with PFPD and ECD.Linearity ranges of 13 organochlorine,16 organophosphorous and 8 pyrethroid pesticides were kept in the ranges of 0.02-0.2 mg·L-1,0.1-1.0 mg·L-1 and 0.1-1.0 mg·L-1 respectively.Detection limits(3S/N) found were less than 0.02 mg·kg-1.Tests for recovery and precision were made by addition of standard solutions of the 37 pesticides at 3 different concentration levels to rice sample which was then analyzed by the proposed method.Values of recovery obtained were in the range of 71.8%-111.8% and values of RSD′s(n=3) were in the range of 1.1%-14.0%.


Grain refinement tendency of pure Fe and Fe-X (X=5~10at%Al, 2~10at%Ti) alloys produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process was investigated. Pure Fe, Al, and Ti powders were dry mixed and cubic samples were built from the mixtures. The microstructure analysis revealed that (1) the microstructure of pure Fe consisted of equiaxed grains having an average diameter of 1.7 μm with fine iron oxide particles. (2) Fe-5 and 10at%Al alloys showed coarse columnar grains. (3) Fe-2at%Ti shows a mixture of fine equiaxed and columnar shape grains. (4) the microstructures of Fe-5at%Ti and 10at%Ti alloys are fully equiaxed, and grain refinement tendency was confirmed with increasing Ti content. Ti(N,O) oxi-nitrides are efficient in reducing the grain size because of the low lattice misfit with the ferrite matrix. Additionally, the effectiveness of Ti(N,O) particles as grain refiners was confirmed by building samples using TiN powder mixed with Fe-10at%Al and Fe-2at%Ti. While these alloys alone are coarse grained, a dispersion of Ti(N,O) particles achieved a fine-grained microstructure.


Staggered double vane slow wave structure (SWS) and sheet electron beam are employed to investigate a 140 GHz high power traveling wave tube. Numerical calculation of eigenmode shows that the SWS has a good characteristic of dispersion and interaction impedance. The transition structure, input/output coupler and concentrated attenuator are especially proposed for the circuit to ensure that the tube will work well. Particle-in-cell simulation results demonstrate that the traveling wave tube can provide over 300 W of peak power in a frequency range of 132-152 GHz with a maximum of 546 W and a corresponding gain of 37.37 dB at 138 GHz assuming a beam power to be 5.115 kW and input power to be 0.1 W. The output power of the tube can exceed 440 W in a frequency range of 128-152 GHz with a corresponding interaction efficiency of over 8.6% when the input powers range from 0.027 W to 0.46 W. Such a traveling wave tube has a great significance and a potential application in high power short millimeter wave field.


An efficient reliability-based robust design optimization (RBRDO) method is proposed to substantially improve computational efficiency without sacrificing numerical accuracy when applied to electromagnetic design problems in the presence of uncertainties. Unlike the conventional parallel-loop optimization program architecture, robust optimization and reliability assessment are totally decoupled from each other during the overall design process. To ensure prescribed design feasibility, constraint boundaries in an original RBRDO formulation are first shifted to feasible directions based on the reliability information obtained at a previous design cycle. Then, the first two statistical moments, mean and variance, of a quality loss function is estimated by the univariate dimension reduction method. After all, the proposed serial-loop methodology employs sequential cycles of equivalent robust design optimization with shifting constraint boundaries. A simple mathematical model and a blushless direct current motor design problem are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The achieved spatial relationships between finished partitions and ceilings, together with vertically and straightness are discussed and measured by Nicholas Ryan, Head of Construction and Computer Services Section at the Environmental Research Unit, An tAonad Taighde Comhshaoil, Dublin


In this paper, we prove a new fixed point theorem for generalized F-Suzuki-rational-type multivalued contraction in the setting of complete metric space. The result in this paper is extension of the Banach contraction principle, Suzuki contraction theorem and Wordowski fixed point theorem. MSC: 47H10; 54H25.


The functional aluminum alkoxide, Et2AlO(CH2)2O-C(O)C(CH3)CH2, is a very effective initiator for the (D,L)-lactide (LA) polymerization in toluene at 707deg;C. The coordination-insertion type of polymerization is living and exclusively yields linear P (D,L)-lactide macromonomers of a predictable molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution. IR and 1H-NMR studies show that the methacryloyl group of the initiator is selectively and quantitatively attached to one chain end, whereas the second extremity is systematically a hydroxyl function resulting from the hydrolysis of the living growing site. α,ω-Dimethacryloyl-P(D,L)-lactides, i.e., α,ω-macromonomers, have also been successfully synthesized by the additional control of the termination step, i.e., by reaction of Al alkoxide end groups with methacryloyl chloride. α-Macromonomer and α,ω-macromonomer P(D,L)-lactides are easily free-radical copolymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), resulting in a hydrophilic poly (HEMA) backbone grafted with hydrophobic P(D,L)-lactide subchains and a biodegradable amphiphilic network, respectively. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) irregular ripening (TIR) is associated with the feeding of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perrin [silverleaf whitefly (SLWF); formerly the sweet potato whitefly] (Maynard and Cantliffe, 1989). The disorder is characterized by green, white, or pink streaks or blotches on the exterior of fruit that may disappear when fruit become fully ripe (Powell and Stoffella, 1995). Interior TIR symptoms consist of white or yellow discoloration of the fruit pericarp. Tomatoes with external symptoms almost always have internal symptoms, but those without external symptoms may still have a high incidence of internal symptoms (Powell and Stoffella, 1995). Both types of symptoms reduce fruit quality and lower returns for tomatoes sold for the fresh market. In tomato fields with severe infestation of SLWF, >50% of the fruit can have internal TIR symptoms (Powell and Stoffella, 1995). Strategies to reduce the incidence of TIR have focused largely on management of the SLWF. In an experiment by Powell and Stoffella (1993), weekly applications of the insecticide 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide (endosulfan) reduced internal TIR incidence from 52% to 22%. Cultural practices, such as reflective aluminum mulch (Powell and Stoffella, 1993) or cold storage before ripening (Powell and Stoffella, 1995), have not significantly reduced the incidence of TIR. To our knowledge, no information about the relative susceptibility of commercially grown tomato cultivars to TIR has been reported. Field experiments were conducted to compare nine cultivars important in Florida


Silicon carbide (SiC) nanowires on a silicon substrate were prepared using hot-filament-assisted chemical-vapor deposition with a solid silicon and carbon source. The SiC nanowires show good field-emitting properties as revealed by the current–voltage characteristics. Together with its ease of preparation, these SiC nanowires are shown to have great potential in the area of electron field-emitting devices.