The review covers the up-to-date data of vascular endothelial growth factor role in forming of placental blood circulation in non-complicated pregnancy and in fetal growth retardation syndrome. It is shown that the normal trophoblast invasion to the spiral arteries wall in the myometrium and adequate remodeling of spiral arteries are essential for the normal fetal growth and development. The processes of blood vessels formation - vasculogenesis and angiogenesis - are described in detail. The process of angiogenesis regulation by growth factors and their receptors is reviewed. The importance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors coordinated action for the adequate placental microvasculature formation and normal fetal development is described. The growth factor complexes and their receptors formation processes and competition for receptor binding, as well as the role of placental growth factor in uteroplacental complex angiogenesis are analyzed. It is shown that the serum growth factors represent the mechanisms of pathologic reactions in placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction syndrome. Special attention is given to the family of vascular endothelial growth factor as for the most important angiogenesis regulator. To determine the physiological role of vascular endothelial growth factor and to assess the its influence on angiogenesis and adequate uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood circulation formation, the features of vascular endothelial growth factor chemical structure are described. Determining the vascular endothelial growth factor in blood may be used to assess the mother-placenta-fetus system formation. The need for developing the criteria for choosing the optimal delivery term in pregnant with fetal growth restriction syndrome is discussed.


In the cloud environment, load balancing is a fundamental technique for optimizing utilization and achieving sharing of computing infrastructures. However, it becomes impractical to tackle load balancing issue manually as the enlargement of cloud cluster. In this paper, we thus put forward EALARM, a novel model for dynamical load balancing on P2P key-value storage system in cloud. This model measures the computing resource utilization on physical nodes and proceeds data migration in the unit of virtual servers from overloaded physical machines to under-loaded machines. If the above step fails, the system will then scale up or down automatically. In order to coordinate the physical and virtual machines, we build the physical layer in a hierarchical tree structure on the logical layer of distributed DHT. Experiment results indicate that EALARM model enhances the performance of previous ALARM [13].


Introduction: Chronic liver disease is a major health problem and important causes of mortality and morbidity. Cirrhosis is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities. QT interval prolongation is one of the electrophysiological indicators of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. So in this study we evaluated the QTc interval prolongation and cirrhosis severity in non-alcoholic patients admitted in Razi hospital in Rasht during 2011-2012. Material & methods: This survey was conducted as a cross-sectional descriptive study. A 12-lead surface ECG and echocardiographic study was obtained from all subjects. A 12-lead electrocardiogram recorded at 50 mm/second to measure the QT interval. The mean QT interval in every 12 leads was documented for each patient. The QT corrected for RR (QTc) was calculated. The quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed by Chi-square, ANOVA, Linear regression test and Fisher's exact tests. Results: The mean of age was 52.78±15.2. Sixty-three persons were male, and others were female. The most common cause of cirrhosis in our study population was Hepatitis C virus. Prolonged QTc interval was seen in 48% of subjects. There was no significant correlation between age and mean of laboratory data and QTc prolongation (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between causes of cirrhosis and QTc prolongation (P>0.05). There was significant correlation between severity of cirrhosis and QTc (P=0.020). Conclusion: Majority of patients with cirrhosis showed QTc interval prolongation, which related significantly with worsening the severity of the disease, regardless of the etiology of cirrhosis.


Th/Tc17 but not Th/Tc1 cells are resistant to steroid-induced apoptosis or inhibition of cytokine production, but the role of Th/Tc17 in pathogenesis of steroid-resistant intestinal graft versus host disease (SR-Gut-GVHD) remains controversial. Here, we show a reduction of IFN-g-producing Th/Tc1 cells and expansions of IL-22-producing Th17 and especially Tc17 cells in the gut tissues of mice with SR-Gut-GVHD. IL-22 from Tc17-dervied from IFN-g−/− donor CD8+ T cells augments host-tissue production of RegIIIg, leading to dysbiosis. IL-22 also augments host tissue production of IL-18 that sustains Tc17 expansion. In the absence of donor-derived IFN-g, host-tissue PD-L1 depletes donor-derived CX3CR1hi intestinal mononuclear phagocytes (MNP), leading to increased bacterial translocation and loss of IL-18 binding protein that neutralizes IL-18. Depletion of CX3CR1hi MNP in the colon is also observed in mice with SR-Gut-GVHD. Taken together, our results indicate that depletion of donor-derived CX3CR1hi MNP in the colon plays an important role in Tc17-mediated gut GVHD pathogenesis. These results call for caution in clinical testing of IL-22 agonists or IFN-g antagonist in patients with SR-Gut-GVHD, and they offer a new avenue toward understanding mechanisms that account for SR-Gut-GVHD.


A well Developed and equitable system of higher education that promotes quality learning as a consequences of both teaching and research is central for success in the emerging knowledge economy. So, our government is responsible for providing higher education accessible to all. But Indian higher education system is facing several challenges. The challenge of global competitiveness has been added to other demanding tasks such as equity, relevance, quality, access to all in the face of a resource crunch. To cope up with these problems, our government has resorted to privatization of higher education. This paper gives an overview of state of higher education system in India & highlights the need for private sector to step up in the field of higher education. An attempt has also been made to discuss the impacts of privatization whether it would be beneficial & harmful for the economy and society. It is argued that privatization of higher education can be applied to improve the education system in all but with the regular control of some regulating authorities.


The interaction between an impinging oblique shock–wave and a laminar boundary layer on a flat plate is investigated using direct numerical simulations. The two–dimensional separation bubble resulting from the shock boundary layer interaction (SBLI) at freestream Mach number of 2.3 for the approach flow is investigated in detail. The flow parameters used for the present investigation match the laboratory conditions in the experiments conducted at the University of Arizona (UA). In addition to the steady flow field calculations, in order to study the linear stability behavior of the separation bubble, the response to low– amplitude disturbances is investigated using linearized Navier Stokes calculations. For comparison, both the development of two–dimensional and three–dimensional (oblique) disturbances are studied with and without the impinging oblique shock. Furthermore, the effects of the shock incidence angle and Reynolds number are also investigated. Finally, three–dimensional direct numerical simulations were performed in order to investigate the laminar-turbulent transition process in the presence of a laminar separation bubble generated by an impinging shock–wave.


A host of recent public inquiries into Australian local government have recommended increased use of shared services and resource-sharing models between groups of local councils. While little is known about the extent and consequences of service sharing, emphasis has been fixed on 'horizontal' shared service models between different local councils in the same municipal jurisdictions. However, other models of shared services and resource sharing are possible. This paper considers the Queensland Local Government Association (LGAQ) model as a case study of a resource sharing between all councils in a given system of local government. This form of shared service and resource sharing seems to offer excellent prospects for cost savings and capacity enhancement.


The Satyrica has long been associated with a Neronian courtier named Petronius, mentioned by Tacitus in his Annals. As such, the text is usually dated to the mid first century c.e. This view is so established that certain scholars have suggested it is 'little short of perverse not to accept the general consensus and read the Satyrica as a Neronian text of the mid-60s ad'. In recent years, however, there has been a groundswell of support for re-evaluating this long-held position. Laird, after comparing the 'form and content' of the text to the Greek novel, came to the 'unattractive' conclusion that the text may be second century. Similarly, in two recent pieces in CQ, Roth argues that the manumission scene in the Cena establishes a new terminus post quem for the text; she suggests that the freedoms granted by Trimalchio closely parallel—and parody—descriptions of awarding ciuitas found in the letters of Pliny the Younger. Indeed, the three slaves manumitted in the novel are associated with a boar (Sat. 40.3–41.4), Dionysus (Sat. 41.6–7) and a falling star (Sat. 54.1–5); likewise, the three slaves that are the subject of Pliny's letter are C. Valerius Aper (boar), C. Valerius Dionysius (god of wine) and C. Valerius Astraeus (stars). Roth's argument suggests that the author of the Satyrica was not Nero's contemporary but a member of Pliny's intellectual circle, offering strong circumstantial evidence that troubles the accepted tradition on the work's authorship and date.


An algorithm was developed to simulate cochlear‐implant (CI) bipolar and monopolar stimulation (BS and MS) in speech recognition by normal‐hearing listeners. In MS, the active electrode is inside and the return is outside the cochlea, and electrical current decays at 0.5 dB/mm. In BS, both electrodes are adjacent inside the cochlea and current decays at 4.0 dB/mm to either side of the active electrode [Bruce et al., IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 46, 617 (1999)]. Owing to the faster decay rate, spatial (spectral) resolution is higher with BS than with MS. In recognition of CNC sentences, decay rate was simulated as spectral smearing. Speech was processed through 6, 11, or 22 pass bands, rectified, and low‐pass filtered (200 Hz). The passbands amplitude envelopes modulated the amplitude of noise bands equal in center frequency to the passbands. The spectral envelope of each noise band decayed to either side of the center frequency at a rate matching the MS or BS current decay (i.e., noise‐band bandwidth was prop...


The author attempts to discuss the aesthetic and cultural rootage behind the hit of"Young we were schoolmates".To narrate in common people's visual angle,to modernize historical matter and to construct youthful daydream about becoming a useful person on the level of setting one's ambition and cultivating one's morality make this teleplay successful in producing the idol.Huxiang Culture is a kernel value of the teleplay,which meets spectators'aesthetic expectation to trace the spiritual source.


Gastritis, ulcers, and gastric malignancy have been linked to human gastric epithelial colonization by Helicobacter pylori. Characterization of the mechanisms by which H. pylori adapts to the human stomach environment is of crucial importance to understand H. pylori pathogenesis.


The utility model discloses a switch power supply low standby loss control circuit capable of automatically detecting load, which comprises a main switch tube Sm, a driving circuit thereof, a circuit for automatically detecting the load state and a power supplying circuit, wherein the main switch tube Sm and the driving circuit thereof are connected to a switch power supply in series. The main switch tube Sm is used for controlling the whole switch power supply to be on or off. The main switch tube Sm is controlled to switch on or off according to the results that load states are automatically detected. When the switch power supply is not connected to a load, the main switch tube Sm is switched off, the power supplying of the switch power supply is cut off, the output voltage is zero, and the part zero stand-by loss of the switch power supply is realized. After the load is connected, the main switch tube Sm is switched on, and the switch power supply is on normally. The switch power supply low standby loss control circuit does not need a special control iron sheet, has the advantages of simple design, low cost, small self loss and high reliability, and is suitable for various switch power supplies.


Background. Omicron is the most mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant that has emerged, resulting in viral phenotype alterations, which can affect transmissibility, disease severity, and immune evasiveness. Genomic surveillance of a highly transmissible variant is important in cities with millions of inhabitants and an economic center such as Mexico City. In this work, we describe the early effects of the Omicron variant in Mexico City, exploring its genomic profile and clinical description. Methodology. We sequenced SARS-CoV-2-positive samples in November and December 2021 using the public database GISAID. Haplotype and phylogenetic analyses were performed to genomically characterize Omicron. We used the Mexican federal database to explore the association with clinical information such as symptoms and vaccination status. Findings. The first case of Omicron was detected on November 16, 2022, and until December 31, 2021, we observed an increase from 88% in sequenced samples. Nineteen nonsynonymous mutations were found in the Omicron RBD, and we further explored the R346K substitution, which was prevalent in 42% of the samples and associated with immune escape by monoclonal antibodies. In the phylogenetic analysis, we found that there were several independent exchanges between Mexico and the world, and there was an event followed by local transmission that gave rise to most of the Omicron diversity in Mexico City. The haplotype analysis allowed us to observe that there was no association between haplotype and vaccination status. Of the patients with clinical data, 66% were vaccinated, none of the reported comorbidities were associated with Omicron, the presence of odynophagia and absence of dysgeusia were significant predictor symptoms for Omicron, and the Ct value on RT-qPCR was lower in Omicron. Conclusions. Genomic surveillance in highly populated and fast-moving urban regions such as Mexico City is key to detecting the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants in a timely manner, even weeks before the onset of an infection wave, to detect patterns that can inform public health decisions. It is also necessary to continue sequencing to detect the spread of any mutation that may affect the therapeutic efficacy or guide it.


Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), the most prevalent nutritional deficiency leading to mortality globally. Oral ferrous salts are effectively used to treat iron deficiency in pregnancy. For the present study, no direct comparison demonstrating the efficacy of ferrous ascorbate and ferrous calcium citrate was considered. An open-label, observational study was designed and conducted for two months. Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups (Group A and Group B). The medication followed in Group A was, ferrous calcium citrate with elemental iron 50 mg; In Group B ferrous ascorbate containing elemental iron 100 mg orally for two months at bedtime. Haemoglobin levels, other hematological parameters, weight changes, side effects, conjunctival colour and general wellbeing were assessed in every visit (i.e. 0, 30th and 60th day) for clinical efficacy assessment. There was an increase in the mean serum haemoglobin and ferritin levels (p<0.05). In Group A and Group B, the mean values of all the assessment parameters increased significantly (p<0.05) in follow-up visits (i.e. 1st month and 2nd month) when compared to baseline values. Out of 69 adverse drug events, 29 (42%) were reported from Group A and 40 (58%) from Group B. Ferrous calcium citrate showed considerable efficacy and safety profiles. Keywords: Iron deficiency; anaemia; haemoglobin; ferrous calcium citrate; ferrous ascorbate


Communication within an organization is a common practice for managing relationships between individuals and groups. In an organization is determined by the person's position on the structure and Hierarchy within the organization. Today the organization assigns roles to each member so that the roles are then operationalized into tasks and functions. The process of cooperation in implementing change or acceleration of change within the organization is called "Organizational Communication". Aspects to be known from the group communication is who and how the role of messenger in the group, what messages are exchanged in groups, patterns of interaction that occurs in groups, cohesiveness among members in groups, and what norms should be used in group.


This paper presents a case study related to emotion recognition based on human thermal image processing. Three states are considered for human faces: normal, sad, and happy. The thermal images are pre-processed for important feature selection and extraction by using the random forest (RF) classifier. All and selected features set is used as input to a feedforward backpropagation neural network (FFBPN), with binary outputs. The input images are organized in pairs, i.e., normal with sad and normal with happy. The preliminary results show particularly good classification accuracy.


With the advent of big data, data is being generated, collected, transformed, processed and analyzed at an unprecedented scale. Since data is created at a fast velocity and with a large variety, the quality of big data is far from perfect. Recent studies have shown that poor quality can bring serious erroneous data costs on the result of big data analysis. Data validation is an important process to recognize and improve data quality. In this paper, a case study that is relevant to big data quality is designed to study original big data quality, data quality dimension, data validation process and tools.


China's industrial design teaching about ergonomics course is generally unable to let the students feel various products and human body size data relations intuitively. The users in this study are mainly teachers and students majoring in industrial design, which can be used as auxiliary teaching courseware for teachers. Meanwhile, this study hopes to improve the understanding and application ability of students majoring in industrial design on ergonomics through the design of innovative ergonomics teaching methods. Based on analysis of the ergonomics textbooks of Chinese college students, this study finally selected furniture design as the target content of the design and focused the design and interactive content of the virtual scene on the design of the home scene. First, the virtual reality technology application required the computer software Unity3D to build and render the home scene model in the scene. Then, representative furniture was selected through the analysis of the size and design points, and the knowledge point was added to the scene through an illustrative interface. Finally, a desktop application that could enable users to explore and learn from the virtual scene by wearing VR glass was generated, to enhance the interactive teaching and improve students' learning initiative.


Wind scatterometer measurements are collected over an irregular grid, and processing is required to generate backscatter images on an Earth-centered grid. The most common algorithms used for this are "drop in the bucket" (DIB) and variations of the scatterometer image reconstruction (SIR) algorithm. These algorithms are also used for radiometer brightness temperature imaging. The Backus–Gilbert (BG) algorithm has been used for radiometer imaging but has not been applied to scatterometer backscatter imaging. In this paper, the application of BG to scatterometer backscatter imaging is explored and its performance is compared to DIB and SIR. Like SIR, optimally tuned BG is capable of producing higher resolution images than DIB, though its noise performance is slightly inferior to SIR's. While BG and SIR produce similar results for radiometer data, the higher relative noise level of scatterometer data increases the differences between the SIR and BG algorithm performance, and limits the performance of BG relative to SIR in scatterometer imaging. Comparison of the SIR and BG algorithms in scatterometer imaging offers important insights into the inversion/reconstruction problem.


Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been shown as a risk factor in oral carcinogenesis. The association between HPV and benign and malignant neoplasm of oral mucosa, especially surface epithelium-derived tumors, is well established. The role of HPV in pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors has been published in few articles. The aim of this study was detection of HPV in Iranian patients with intrabony ameloblastoma and investigation of specific risk factors associated with ameloblastoma. One hundred intrabony ameloblastoma and 50 age-sex matched samples as controls were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction for the detection and typing of HPV. Fisher exact and chi square tests were used to assess the data. HPV DNA was detected in 32% of patients and 10% of controls. HPV-6 was the most prevalent genotype (31.6%) in infected cases. It was followed by HPV-11 (12.5%), HPV-16 (12.5%) and HPV-31 (3.1%). We found a significant association between presence of HPV and location of tumor (p = 0.02), traumatic history (p = 0.03) and ododontic therapy (p = 0.01). These findings indicated that HPV-6 probably is one of the most important etiologic agents in causing intraosseous ameloblastoma in Iranian population. © 2006 Academic Journals Inc., USA.


The sensory system of animals detects a massive and unknown array of chemical cues that evoke a diversity of physiological and behavioural responses. One group of nitrogen-containing carbon ring ch...


In this paper, we extend the results obtained by Cortes-Ferrero-Juriaans (2009) for the quaternion over the ring Colombeau's simplified generalized numbers, denoted by $\overline{\mathbb{H}}_s$, to the quaternion over the ring of Colombeau's full generalized numbers, denoted by $\overline{\mathbb{H}}$. In this paper, we introduce and investigate the topological algebra of the quaternion over the ring of Colombeau's full generalized numbers. This is an important object to study if one wants to build the algebraic theory of Colombeau's full generalized numbers $\overline{\mathbb{K}}$ studied by Aragona-Garcia-Juriaans (2013). We study some ring theoretical properties of $\overline{\mathbb{H}}$, we classify the dense ideals of $\overline{\mathbb{K}}$ in the algebraic sense, and as a consequence, it has a maximal ring of quotients which is Von Neumann regular.


The acquisition of practical competences is an essential point of any engineering curricula, being more challenging than the acquisition of theoretical competences. For this, the use of laboratories is totally essential, and, in the case of distance education, this becomes even more challenging since students are located physically distant from the laboratories that they should use to obtain such competences. For this reason, UNED has developed a system to create and manage virtual remote laboratories, aimed at improving the way how practical exercises are conducted. This paper details how these laboratories are implemented for a subject in the field of network services in operating systems, and presents an evaluation showing that the system is useful and easy to use.


We present second‐order accurate central finite volume methods adapted to three‐dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamics problems. These methods alternate between two staggered grids, thus leading to Riemann solver‐free algorithms with relatively favorable computing times. The div·B = 0 constraint on the magnetic field is enforced with a suitable adaptation of the constrained transport method to our central schemes. Numerical experiments show the feasibility of the proposed methods and our results are in good agreement with existing results in the recent literature. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Ansai Oilfield is in the middle-late stage of waterflooding development and the reservoir is complexly plugged after long term production and kinds of stimulations.For the producers of short production history,the organic matters are the major blockage,and for the ones with longer production history,the blockage is composed of both organic and inorganic matters, and the blockage in the injectors is mainly caused by molisites,ferrites,bacterias,water sensitivity and velocity sensitivity.The plugging mechanism and influencing factors were studied according to the blockage features of the producers and injectors.Based on the plugging and blockage removing mechanism,the acid remover for the Ansai Oilfield is developed.The experiments and field applications prove that the acid remover can remove the formation blockage effectively and increase the oil production and water injection.


We introduce a new batching policy called look-ahead-maximize-batch (LAMB) which maximizes the number of admitted users in a VoD server in a certain time window. We show that LAMB admits the highest number of users among all existing batching policies, we also demonstrate that adopting batching is preferable than adopting piggybacking.


Aim. It is observed in studies that hypertension is a feature of familial and a variety of gene polymorphism is associated with hypertension. Method. This study was planned in two stages.At the first stage; to evaluate gene mutation, in population under the age of 45 CVD (CardiovascularDisease) case group of 50 persons with essential hypertension and at the same age group and sex, within normal blood pressure limits in a control group of 50 people was selected.In the second stage, cases of first-degree relatives of patients with homozygous polimorfizm DD ACE gene group (parents and siblings) family group of 50 people, were evaluated for genetic polymorphism. Results. Those with cases of allele ApoE3/E4 group, 88.9% had a family history of hypertension. In the same way, in all of those with the E3/E2 genotype, family history was positive. In the case group, 5 people (10%) E3/E2 ApoE gene polymorphism, 9 patients (18%) had APOE E3/E4 gene polymorphism. In the control group, these numbers was about respectively, 7, and 3 (14% and 6%).In the control group, ApoE3/E2 gene polymorphism, higher than control group (p>0.05). Case group E3/E4 genotype, higher than the control group; but this difference was not statistically significant. Total cholesterol 200 mg/dL and above those 62.5% of people were in the case group and this ratio compared to control group (37.5%) were significantly higher (p<0.05). In the family group, this rate was 66%. The mean values of HDL was lower in the 3 groups (case group, 41.9 ± 11.2, family group, 40.4 ± 13.4 and control group 44.9 ± 15.24 mg/dL).Mean LDL values were determined as 133.6 ± 32.2 mg /dL in case group, 137.8 ± 30.8 mg/dL in family group, and 123.4 ± 32.9 mg /dL in control group. Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios were 4978 ± 1.41 in case group, 5.7 ± 2.3 in family group and 4670 ± 1.83 in control group. The prevalence of hypertension was 56% in family group, (37% in individuals 45 years and under). 42.9% of those diagnosed before the age of 40 had hypertension. Conclusion. Both the case and the family group, cholesterol, LDL levels and total cholesterol/HDL ratio is high, low HDL levels, lipid values should be within normal limits suggests that lifestyle changes are necessary to bring. As a result, while the etiology of hypertension is querying, also genetic factors should be considered in, and studies on genes and hypertension should be held responsible.In addition, hypertensive patients should be monitorized for hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases by screening of all family members while they are being evaluated. Especially patients with hypertension was diagnosed before the age of 40 and their families should be monitored for both genetic and other risk factors (BMI, lipid profile, smoking, alcohol). Lifestyle changes which are important for hypertension prevention and control of hypertension should be employed


The invention relates to a toothpaste for preventing and/or treating oral ulcers, and a making method thereof. The toothpaste comprises, by mass, 1-4 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 15-30 parts of illite microbeads, 2-6 parts of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, 1-3 parts of sodium pyruvate, 2-8 parts of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), 10-25 parts of amorphous calcium phosphate microspheres, 1-4 parts of sodium lauroylglutamate, 1-3 parts of disodium stannous citrate and 50-70 parts of a matrix. The toothpaste has strong cleaning ability to the oral cavity, can effectively inhibit oral bacteria, effectively prevents oral ulcers and keeps the breath fresh. The toothpaste has the advantages of uniform texture , delicate taste, rich foams, stable properties, no layering or water separation after long-term storage, effective keeping of a healthy oral environment after long-term use, and tooth care.


Salmonella is one of the major sources of toxin-infection in humans worldwide and is due to transmission of pathogens via pork. This paper aims at investigating the effect of season and animal weight on SP-ratio. Pigs were sampled from different herds and SP-ratios were measured and categorized into two different groups. Depending on the categorization of the response and whether or not clustering is taken into account, different binary logistic and multicategory logit models were considered. Without taking clustering into account, ordinary logistic regression, adjacent logit, continuation-ratio logit and proportional odds model were fitted. GEE and GLMM were considered to correct for the herd-effect. Among the multicategory logit models, the proportional odds model is preferred, since it did not reject the assumption of common slopes. However, regarding the goodness-of-fit test, this model did not adequately fit the data. Both GEE and GLMM have their advantages, depending on the specific focus and question of interest. In all models, the interaction between weight and season was not significant. Weight was found significant, while season was insignificant in all models. As it was expected, weight as indicator for age was found to have a significant effect on SP-ratios.


Abstract : In this report the existence of Common Liapunov Functions (CLF'S) for linear time-varying systems is discussed. For a negative feedback system with G (s) in the forward path and a gain k (t) in the feedback path, it is shown that a sufficient condition to ensure the existence of CLF and hence stability is that 1/k + G(s) be a positive real function. For specific time-varying systems, Liapunov functions that are explicit functions of time are found to increase the stability range of a parameter over that given by the CLF. An analysis of the behavior of the Liapunov function V in the V-V phase plane yields further insight into the problem of stability and leads to the generation of Liapunov functions for an additional class of time-varying systems. In the final section this approach is compared with the well-known Floquet Theory for periodic systems. (Author)


Measurements are reported on low-Q open resonators at 85 GHz with a large centered coupling hole in each mirror. This is the first study of open resonators with large diffraction losses and efficient input coupling at millimeter wavelengths. The input resonator for a quasi-optical gyroklystron is described with quality factor Q=2000 and 13% round-trip losses where approximately 65% of the incident power in the waveguide is coupled to the fundamental TEM/sub 00/ mode. Two models have been developed to calculate the coupling from the rectangular waveguide through a circular aperture into the open resonator. Both models properly account for the increased diffraction loss of the resonator when coupling apertures are present. Measured results are in reasonably good agreement with values calculated using both scalar diffraction theory and an equivalent-circuit model.


Dynamins are large and highly conserved GTPases involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including endocytosis and vesicle trafficking, and mutations in the ubiquitous dynamin 2 (DNM2) have been associated with thrombocytopenia in humans. To determine the role of DNM2 in megakaryopoiesis we generated Dnm2fl/fl Pf4‐Cre mice specifically lacking DNM2 in the megakaryocyte (MK) lineage. Dnm2fl/fl Pf4‐Cre mice had severe macrothrombocytopenia with moderately accelerated platelet clearance. Dnm2‐null bone marrow MKs had altered DMS, appearing at times as a compact, narrow twisting membrane system of clathrin‐coated vesicles. The endocytic pathway was disrupted in Dnm2‐null MKs, as evidenced by reduced early endosome EEA1 and APPL1 staining. MK‐specific DNM2 deletion severely disrupted bone marrow homeostasis, as indicated by massive MK hyperplasia, myelofibrosis, and consequent extramedullary hematopoiesis and splenomegaly. Endocytosis of the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor Mpl was impaired in Dnm2‐null platelets, causing constitutive phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 and elevated circulating TPO levels. However, additional Mpl genetic deletion failed to rescue the severe splenomegaly of Dnm2fl/fl Pf4‐Cre mice, and Mpl‐/‐ Dnm2fl/fl Pf4‐Cre mice died at 4‐5 weeks of age. Taken together, our data establishes a previously unrecognized role for DNM2‐dependent endocytosis in megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis and bone marrow homeostasis.


In this work, we report on the frequency-impedance characteristics of dye-doped organic material. The device structure is glass substrate/indium tin oxide/DCM:Alq3/Aluminum 100 nm. The influence of doping concentraion has been investigated by impedance spectroscopy. The impedance characteristics of the dye-doped organic material can be modelled by simply adopting the conventional equivalent circuit with the simple combination of resistors and capacitor network. The variation of bulk resistance with applied bias voltage as a result of the Space Charge Limited Conduction (SCLC) mechanism for charge conduction.


The Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-concrete bond durability under moist condition for different FRP composites was investigated by the experimental study. From the obtained results up to 12 months, the durability of the composites is found to be highly dependent on the selected materials. Among 6 kinds of different FRP-concrete composites selected for the study, two kinds of the composites showed some reductions in shear bond strength and failures were adhesion failure at the concrete-resin interface, while the remaining composites showed insignificant change. Meanwhile tensile bond strengths were reduced in most of the cases after exposure even though the failures occurred at the concrete region.


Dental implants have undoubtedly been one of the most significant scientific breakthroughs in dentistry over the past 30 years. Initial implant stability, implant surface characteristics, bone quality, bone healing, interim prosthesis design, and occlusion pattern during the healing phase have been identified as influential factors in successfully achieving osseointegration of implants. Several randomized controlled trials and reviews have demonstrated the impact of modified loading protocols on success of implants.


Abstract The mass popularity of rivers and streams for diverse recreation activities is a comparatively recent phenomenon. This study examines selected ways in which fishermen, a more traditional user group, differ from other major river recreation users. The study was conducted on four major Vermont rivers in the spring and summer of 1978. Fishermen were the predominant, though relatively declining, river users, were older and more male-dominated, exhibited different temporal use patterns, experienced more conflict and management problems, and expressed lower levels of satisfaction and lower tolerances for higher use densities than other user groups.


A business model represents the core logic of a firm. Literature suggests that business models develop through several iterations, in which the business model and the context mutually shape each ot...


recorder. Responses to adrenaline (0.1 jAg) and noradrenaline (0.2 jig) were elicited before and 10 min after perfusion with fluid containing guanethidine (1.2 jig/ml.). Guanethidine sulphate, (± )-noradrenaline hydrochloride, cocaine hydrochloride, isoprenaline sulphate, histamine acid phosphate and 5-hydroxytryptamine creatinine sulphate were used throughout the study and the concentrations of these compounds refer to the salts. A 2.5 mg/ml. solution of reserpine (Serpasil, Ciba) was used. Adrenaline base and angiotensin (Hypertensin, Ciba) were dissolved in 0.9% saline immediately before use.


A multidisciplinary reservoir study of an offshore field in ultra-deep water environment demonstrates how effectively seismic can be integrated within a reservoir modelling workflow to reveal the hidden petrophysical properties. This workflow consists of well data modelling, statistical rock physics modelling, probabilistic petrophysical seismic inversion and geological modelling, and allows to manage reservoir uncertainty in a scenario of few wells. A log-facies model based on petro-elastic characterization is used as common input to seismic inversion and geostatistical simulation processes. A rock physics model, which is later embedded in the seismic inversion, links petrophysics and impedances in a statistical way on a log-facies basis. The conditional probability of petrophysics given the seismic is obtained by means of seismic inversion and rock physics model, which finally provides, together with cluster analysis, the conditional probability of the facies given the seismic. All the uncertainties are handled and propagated to the 3D geological model. Seismic facies probabilities are directly integrated as a prior trend into geostatistical simulations of reservoir properties in order to recover, from the well data, the high frequency part of signal, which is not carried from seismic.


Thermolysis of a pentacoordinate 1lambda(6),2-thiazetidine, which was synthesized for the first time and characterized by X-ray crystallographic analysis, gave the corresponding aziridine and a cyclic sulfinate almost quantitatively. The potential intermediacy of a 1lambda(6),2-thiazetidine was suggested in the aza-Corey-Chaykovsky reaction.


A considerable portion of social media messages is devoted to current events. Aside from references to events that recently happened, social media messages may also refer to events that have not occurred yet. Future events, such as football matches in the case study we present here, may be scheduled and known to happen; other future events, such as transfers of football players, may only be rumoured, and may in fact not happen in the end. We describe a news mining component that learns to identify tweets referring to scheduled and unscheduled future events, by being trained on messages referring to scheduled future events (as the latter are easy to harvest). Our results show that discriminating between tweets that refer to upcoming football matches and tweets that refer to past matches can be done relatively reliably with supervised machine learning methods. However, when these trained models are applied to unscheduled events, performance drops to near-baseline performance. We discuss how these results can be explained by the distinction between event type and event domain.


. We prove a large deviation result for a random symmetric n (cid:2) n matrix with independent identically distributed entries to have a few eigenvalues of size n . If the spectrum S survives when the matrix is rescaled by a factor of n , it can only be the eigenvalues of a Hilbert-Schmidt kernel k ( x;y ) on [0 ; 1] (cid:2) [0 ; 1]. The rate function for k is I ( k ) = 12 R h ( k ( x;y ) dxdy where h is the Cram(cid:19)er rate function for the common distribution of the entries that is assumed to have a tail decaying faster than any Gaussian. The large deviation for S is then obtained by contraction.


The classical algorithm for computing the similarity between two sequences [36, 39] uses a dynamic programming matrix, and compares two strings of size n in O(n2) time. We address the challenge of computing the similarity of two strings in sub-quadratic time, for metrics which use a scoring matrix of unrestricted weights. Our algorithm applies to both local and global alignment computations.The speed-up is achieved by dividing the dynamic programming matrix into variable sized blocks, as induced by Lempel-Ziv parsing of both strings, and utilizing the inherent periodic nature of both strings. This leads to an O(n2/log n) algorithm for an input of constant alphabet size. For most texts, the time complexity is actually O(hn2/log n) where h ≤ 1 is the entropy of the text.


Montreal--Men with a body mass index indicative of being overweight or obese may exhibit changes in endocrine levels—notably lower testosterone levels—that could contribute to infertility, new research shows. It is possible, therefore, that fertility problems could be ameliorated with weight loss in some men.


Some teachers still use bahasa indonesia in their English teaching and learning process in some context. Teachers assume that the use of Bahasa Indonesia inspite of English in English classroom is quite helpful. The use of bahasa Indonesia in teaching English can also facilitates communication among students and teacher efficiently and resourcefully. In this research, I only focus to analyze the duration and the context of bahasa Indonesia such as explaining difficult words, explaining grammar points, making jokes, giving suggestions, giving classroom instruction and giving request by the lecturer and students in Genre Writing Class of third semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University in 2012.
The objectives of this research are to find out the duration and the contexts of Bahasa Indonesia in Genre writing Class of the third semester students of Muria Kudus University in academic Year 2012/2013 used by the lecturer and the students
To obtain the objectives of the research, the descriptive qualitative s is used to design this research. Whereas, the data of this research are Bahasa Indonesia in transcript teaching and learning process of the third semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University in 2013 and the data source are the lecturer and students in Genre Writing Class of third semester students of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education faculty of Muria Kudus University in 2012.
Based on the analysing of the data, The duration of Bahasa Indonesia in Genre Writing Class of the third semester students of Muria Kudus University in academic year 2012/2013 used by the lecturer in two meetings are ± 17.64% and used by the students are ± 1.37%. while The contexts on the use of Bahasa Indonesia in Genre Writing Class of the third semester students of Muria Kudus University in academic year 2012/2013 by the lecturer are ± 9.2% explaining difficult words, ± 30.9% explaining grammar points, ± 10.4% making jokes, ± 23.9% giving suggestions and ± 25.6%giving classroom instructions and by the students are ± 45.8% explaining difficult words, ± 8.8% explaining grammar points, ±7.2% making jokes, ± 11.7% giving suggestions and ± 26.5% giving requests.


This study analyzed the international trends of research concerning artificial intelligence in education by examining 352 papers recently published in the International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education(IJAIED) with the topic modeling method. The IJAIED is the official, SCOPUS-indexed journal of the International AIED Society. The analysis revealed that international AIED research trends could be categorized into eight topics with topics such as analyzing student behavior model in learning systems and designing feedback to student solutions being increased over time, whereas research focusing on data handling methods was decreased over time. Based on the findings implications and suggestions for the research and development of the applications of AIED were provided.


This project was motivated by the fundamental match between hotel space conditioning load response capability and power system contingency response needs. As power system costs rise and capacity is strained demand response can provide a significant system reliability benefit at a potentially attractive cost. At ORNL s suggestion, Digital Solutions Inc. adapted its hotel air conditioning control technology to supply power system spinning reserve. This energy saving technology is primarily designed to provide the hotel operator with the ability to control individual room temperature set-points based upon occupancy (25% to 50% energy savings based on an earlier study [Kirby and Ally, 2002]). DSI added instantaneous local load shedding capability in response to power system frequency and centrally dispatched load shedding capability in response to power system operator command. The 162 room Music Road Hotel in Pigeon Forge Tennessee agreed to host the spinning reserve test. The Tennessee Valley Authority supplied real-time metering equipment in the form of an internet connected Dranetz-BMI power quality meter and monitoring expertise to record total hotel load during both normal operations and test results. The Sevier County Electric System installed the metering. Preliminary testing showed that hotel load can be curtailed by 22% to 37%more » depending on the outdoor temperature and the time of day. These results are prior to implementing control over the common area air conditioning loads. Testing was also not at times of highest system or hotel loading. Full response occurred in 12 to 60 seconds from when the system operator s command to shed load was issued. The load drop was very rapid, essentially as fast as the 2 second metering could detect, with all units responding essentially simultaneously. Load restoration was ramped back in over several minutes. The restoration ramp can be adjusted to the power system needs. Frequency response testing was not completed. Initial testing showed that the units respond very quickly. Problems with local power quality generated false low frequency signals which required testing to be stopped. This should not be a problem in actual operation since the frequency trip points will be staggered to generate a droop curve which mimics generator governor response. The actual trip frequencies will also be low enough to avoid power quality problems. The actual trip frequencies are too low to generate test events with sufficient regularity to complete testing in a reasonable amount of time. Frequency response testing will resume once the local power quality problem is fully understood and reasonable test frequency settings can be determined. Overall the preliminary testing was extremely successful. The hotel response capability matches the power system reliability need, being faster than generation response and inherently available when the power system is under the most stress (times of high system and hotel load). Periodic testing is scheduled throughout the winter and spring to characterize hotel response capability under a full range of conditions. More extensive testing will resume when summer outdoor temperatures are again high enough to fully test hotel response.« less


During the investigation period in Ili Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 195 and 36 wheat varieties were accessed for their susceptibility to Russian wheat aphid (RWA), ( Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko)) in 1993 and 1994 respectively. Comparison of infestation grades among 36 wheat varieties by RWA in the two years showed that half of them were within the same grade. The aphid hardly attacked the "One kernel wheat", Triticum monococcum. 13, 2 and 2 of these varieties consistently showed low ( 60%) infestation rates by RWA respectively. However, there are 18 other varieties displayed obvious change in their infestation grades. In addition, the varieties "Spring Wheat 901" and "Shiyin1 of Beer Barley" being introduced into Tacheng were seriously infested by RWA in 1996.


ABSTRACT Understanding the performance on both-handed tasks, such as endoscopic surgery, is critical to better organize and develop appropriate instructional systems to improve the necessary skills of surgeons. However, in the literature, only a limited number of studies have investigated the effect of handedness on both-handed task performance. This study aimed to provide an understanding of the participants' performance differences while performing both-handed tasks through a haptic user interface in a simulated virtual environment specifically developed for surgical training purposes. Twenty-four surgeons attending a medical school in Turkey voluntarily participated in the study. The duration, accuracy, and collision measures were automatically recorded by software. The results revealed that the left-handed participants performed the both-handed tasks (camera: nondominant hand, tool: dominant-hand) in a significantly shorter time than the right-handed participants. This study also showed that haptic-controlled simulation-based surgical skill training systems can potentially provide measures for better understanding the individual behaviors and deliver alternative training environments specific to individual requirements.


The well-known noncoherent detection problem concerns optimal detection of an amplitude-modulated sinusoid, with an unknown phase angle, corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. The classical solution to this problem is the noncoherent detector which is known to be optimal if the envelope belongs to a specific set of functions or satisfies the narrow-band approximation i.e., that the bandwidth of the envelope is narrow in comparison with the (carrier) frequency of the sinusoid. In this work, an analytical series expansion solution to the likelihood ratio for the noncoherent detection problem is derived. This solution offers a generalization of the noncoherent detector in which the conditions imposed on the envelope stated above have been relaxed. Analytical expressions for the joint probability density functions (pdfs) of the in-phase and quadrature components, jointly expressed in polar coordinates, are also derived under the signal-plus-noise and the noise-only hypotheses, respectively. Numerical simulations of the detector performance are presented in the form of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and minimum probability of error curves. The results from a comparison of the general analytical solution with the classical noncoherent detector show significant differences between the two detectors when the narrow-band approximation does not hold.


Due to its unique atom-thick 2D structure and remarkable physicochemical properties, graphene has been making a profound impact in many areas of science and technology. In particular, a great deal of recent attention has been attracted to explore graphene and its derivatives for photoelectrochemical applications, with the potential to harness graphene's excellent properties for opening up new opportunities in next generation photoelectrochemical systems. Over the past few years, much work has been done in the design and preparation of novel graphene-based materials for a wide range of applications in photoelectrochemistry, ranging from photoelectrochemical solar cells, photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants, photocatalytic splitting of H2O, photocatalytic conversion for fuels, and so on. In this review article, we summarize the state of research on graphene-based materials from the standpoint of photoelectrochemistry. The prospects and further developments in this exciting field of graphene-based materials are also discussed.


THz stand-off detection of explosives and other hazardous liquids in public areas becomes more and more relevant and with it the knowledge of their optical properties. We present here both the results of THz transmission spectroscopy measurements and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements on liquids and their mixtures.


Phylogenetic studies are rare in early Palaeozoic cephalopods. Here, we present the first cladistic analysis of the order Lituitida based on published, as well as some new, material. Three clades are recovered within the ingroup of lituitids, Sinoceras, Ancistroceras and Lituites; the former two groups correspond to the family Sinoceratidae, and the latter one to the Lituitidae. The topology shows that the Sinoceratidae represents the basal branch, while the Lituitidae represents a monophyletic, derived clade. Furthermore, we describe new material of four species (three of which are newly defined) in four genera of the order Lituitida from the well-exposed, Middle to Upper Ordovician of Hubei (South China). The described species include Lituites evolutus Fang, Chen & Zhang, Sinoceras complexum Fang sp. nov., Tyrioceras longicameratum Fang sp. nov. and Rhynchorthoceras yizanense Fang sp. nov. Tyrioceras longicameratum from South China is the first reported occurrence of Tyrioceras in China, which has significant palaeogeographical implications. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:470C958E-26DD-4A2E-B0FC-4B2B178367FE


This paper will analyse the Indian engagement in Afghanistan as soft power since September 11, and its impact on Pakistan. This approach has threatened Pakistan as Pakistan does not want India's stable and peaceful relations with Afghanistan. Pakistan's wants to destabilize Indo-Afghan relations due to her covert relations with afghan's non-state actors. Since 2001, Afghanistan's Foreign Policy towards New Delhi is quite receptive. India has growing stakes in peace and stability in Afghanistan. India's activities in Afghanistan had a geo-strategic flavour though, which not only confine to Afghanistan but travel deep into Central Asia. It is now widely accepted that India's Afghan policy seeks access to energy resources of the region. If India-PakistanAfghanistan cooperates by recognizing one another as opportunities not as threat, the level of trust deficit will minimize and a new era of peace will like to see.


Building upon Nancy Cartwright's discussion of models in How the Laws of Physics Lie, this paper addresses solid state research in transition metal oxides. Historical analysis reveals that in this domain models function both as the culmination of phenomenology and the commencement of theoretical explanation. Those solid state chemists who concentrate on the description of phenomena pertinent to specific elements or compounds assess models according to different standards than those who seek explanation grounded in approximate applications of the Schroedinger equation. Accurate accounts of scientific debate in this field must include both perspectives.


Comparison on the flower morphologic and pollen fertility alteration of male sterile line 160S in Brassica napus under natural temperature conditions were conducted. The results showed that the temperature was the main factors to flower morphologic and pollen fertility alteration. Under male sterile conditions, the anthers of 160S were all smaller than the normal ones and the pollens were completely male sterile, the ratio of pollen stained with TTC solution were nearly 0 and the self-pollenated pod-setting ratio was only 1.2%. The anthers of 160S were all normal, and there were no difference with the anthers of those two normal lines under fertile condition. The percentage of fertile pollen stained with TTC solution and the self-pollenated pod-setting ratio were all above 80%. The percentage of pollen fertility and the self-pollenated pod-setting ratio of 160S decreased along with temperature rising, and the fertility transformation direction was fertile, part fertile and then complete sterile. The study showed that 160S showed complete male sterility above 25°C while it showed complete normal fertility below 18°C.


The resourses of the herbaceous wild plants in Dongchang palace are in abundance. The article makes a statistics of plant taxonomy and assess to surveyed 110 herbaceous wild plants which have important value to exploit. And we also put forward our opinions about the exploration of herbaceous wild plants resources of Dongchang palace.


To the Editor:

The recent American Heart Association Stroke Council guideline statement on the management of intracerebral hemorrhage includes the statement that "The recent Stroke Prevention with Aggressive Reductions in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) study found increased risk of subsequent ICH (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 2.59) among subjects with prior stroke randomized to high-dose …


By any standard this book is outstanding, it explains the quest of developing countries to make the progress in meeting the Millennium Development goals, especially in eradicating extreme poverty and hunger in particular, has called for aggressive research into some indigenous tree plants including melon seeds. Knowledge of the nutritive value of local dishes, soup ingredients and local food stuffs is necessary in order to encourage the increased cultivation and consumption of those that are highly nutritive.


The types of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes responsible for the in‐vivo metabolism of ondansetron in rats have not been reported. In this study, ondansetron at a dose of 8 mg kg−1 was administered intravenously to rats pretreated with various inducers of CYP isozymes, such as 3‐methylcholanthrene, orphenadrine citrate, isoniazid and dexamethasone phosphate (the main inducers of CYP1A1/2, 2B1/2, 2E1 and 3A1/2 in rats, respectively), and inhibitors, such as SKF‐525A (a non‐specific inhibitor of CYP isozymes), sulfaphenazole, quinine hydrochloride and troleandomycin (the main inhibitors of CYP2C6, 2D subfamily and 3A1/2 in rats, respectively). In rats pretreated with quinine hydrochloride and troleandomycin, the time‐averaged non‐renal clearance of ondansetron was significantly slower (48.9 and 13.2% decrease, respectively) than that in control rats. In rats pretreated with dexamethasone phosphate, the time‐averaged non‐renal clearance was significantly faster (18.2% increase) than that in control rats. The results suggest that ondansetron is primarily metabolized via the CYP2D subfamily and 3A1/2 in rats.


Selective production of hydrogen for fuel cells was studied via oxidative steam reforming of methanol(OSRM) over CuZn(Zr,Ce)AlO catalysts. The adding of Zr and Ce can not only enhance conversion of methanol and H_2 production rate, but also enhance the amount of H_2 in the H_2-rich gas prominently. And the optimum condition of OSRM reaction over Cu_(40)Zn_(30)Zr_(25)Al_5 catalyst should be 220℃,n(O_2)/n(MeOH)=0.2,n(H_2O)/n(MeOH)=1.3,W/F=1.36g·h/mol?


The objectives of this study to determine seasonal changes in species composition and abundance of fish and decapod assemblage, and the relationships between environmental factors and their abundance in an eelgrass bed of Jindong Bay. A total of 26 fish species and 29 decapod species were collected by a small beam trawl from an eelgrass bed in Jindong Bay in 2002. The dominant fish species were Hexagrammos otakii, Pholis neulosa and P. fangi and these accounted for 48.4 % in the total number of individuals. Dominant decapod taxa were Palaemon macrodactylus, Charybdis japonica, Pagurus minutus and C. bimaculata. These were primarily small species or early juveniles of larger species. Species composition and abundance varied greatly showing a peak in the number of individuals in April and May, and peak biomass in fish in July and decapods in August. Catch rate was low in winter months both in fish and in decapod. Seasonal changes in the abundance of fishes and decapods corresponded with eelgrass biomass and abundance of food organisms indirectly.


CO2 storage represents one of the recommended remediation methods to reduce the emission of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere. As part of the Bifrost project that aims at developing CO2 storage activities in Denmark, a series of coupled hydro-mechanical-chemical simulations is carried out in the Harald East chalk field to assess the flow and mechanical response of the storage site, assuming both continuous and intermittent injection. A total of two continuous injection scenarios during 16 years (scenario 1) and 32 years (scenario 2) and scenario 3 which assumes intermittent injection are considered. The injection rate in scenario 2 and 3 is half of that of scenario 1, and the duration of the injection in scenario 3 is increased compared to scenario 1. The rate and duration of injection are adjusted to ensure a similar volume of stored gas in each simulation run. The outcomes show that fast injection prevents significant compaction in the reservoir. Besides, the calculated shear deformation in the overburden is utilised to study wellbore stability during storage. The results indicate that the accurate characterisation of the porosity distribution in the reservoir as well as the potential mechanical weakening of chalk by CO2 are essential for reliable wellbore integrity analyses. Further studies will be conducted to assess wellbore stability in the Harald East area during CO2 storage activities.

 The capture and underground storage of anthropogenic CO2 (CCS) represent a valid technology that helps tackling climate change by reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emitted by our societies (Al Amer, 2022; ICPP, 2005). Using pre-existing infrastructures present in depleted hydrocarbon fields drastically reduces the cost associated with CCS activities compared to other sites e.g., onshore and offshore aquifers (Schmelz et al., 2020). Besides, the proven efficiency of the cap rock that contained hydrocarbon for millions of years and the current low formation pressure below hydrostatic conditions are limiting risks of leakage. Located offshore, CO2 can be either shipped to the storage site, such as planned for the Greensand project or transported by pipeline as planned for the Northern Lights project. Taking into account that the floating units used to temporary store CO2 transported by boats prior to injection have limited storage capacities, shipping gas can compel the stakeholders to carry out intermittent CO2 injection in case of bad weather conditions, workovers, and potential shortages in CO2 supplied by the industry.


: Image and reality of criminal justice in The Netherlands differ to a considerable degree. The causes for the relatively mild penal climate in Holland have to be taken into account, if a potential successful strategy to preserve that climate is to be developed. The discussion about the merits of abolitionism, currently held within the Dutch League for Penal Reform, is dealt with in detail.


Background and aims : In the context of investigating chronic diseases, at the present study there was an effort to investigate the impact of Ulcerative Colitis  and Crohn`s Disease  in Cypriot patients. Methods : For evaluating the impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) the validated translation of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) was used.  The questionnaire was answered by 204 Cypriot patients suffering with IBD. Out of those, 102 (50%) suffered with Ulcerative Colitis and 102 (50%) Crohn΄s Disease. Results : Out of the statistical analysis of the total of patient's it was indicated that the disease has bigger impact  in the group of women of the population that took place in the study than in men with p value =0.000 and a mean of 148.30 against 171.87 respectively. It was indicated that there is a bigger impact in relation to the duration of the disease  p value =0.000 with the score reducing as the duration of the disease is increasing and also was indicated that patients that did not underwent surgery had better scores that the ones operated with p value =0.001 and a mean of 165.58 against 143.27. There is also an important statistical difference in relation to age but with a weak correlation. Conclusion : The present study on the total of patients reveals that IBD have negative impacts in Cypriots patients' firstly high risk in women secondly in patients with an increase duration of the disease and thirdly high risk in operated patients.


Pangolins are unique mammals with scales over most of their body and they have no teeth, have poor vision, and an acute olfactory system. Pangolins comprise the only placental order (Pholidota) whose genomes have not been completely sequenced. The living Pholidotans are comprised of four Asian (Manis javanica, Manis pentadatyla, Manis culioensis, Manis. crassicaudata) and four African (Manis temmincki, Manis gigantae, Manis tricuspis, Manis tetradactlya) species. In this study, I sequenced and assembled the first reference genome of the Malayan pangolin (M. javanica), which is a critically endangered species from Malaysia and compared it with the closely related Chinese pangolin (M. pentadactyla) from Taiwan. Using the MAKER annotation pipeline, I identified 23,446 and 20,298 protein-coding genes in the M. javanica and M. pentadactyla genomes respectively. Strikingly, pangolins have a non-canonical repeat layout compared to closely related Carnivorans. Pangolins lack tRNA-SINES and have short mean intron length (likely due to the loss of a tRNA-SINE family) compared to other mammals, which may be associated to an inherent metabolic adaptation in the pangolins. Furthermore, ancient population history modelling showed the dwindling population of endangered pangolins, providing important insights for future conservation efforts. The results showed that long-term population decline predated recent declines which highlights the urgency to stunt such trends by introducing tighter regulations and accelerating conservation efforts of these endangered pangolins. I also found the presence of Burkholderia fungorum in the supposed sterile pangolin tissues of cerebrum, cerebellum, lung and blood, suggesting that this bacterium has capability to colonise pangolins. In addition to the nuclear genomes of pangolins, I also assembled the associated reference mitogenomes of M. javanica and M. pentadactyla. Phylogenetic trees based on the newly assembled mitogenomes confirmed that the pangolin that were sequenced in this study were indeed M. javanica. Furthermore, I have also identified and annotated 7,422 expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in pangolins. Overall, the pangolin whole-genome assemblies, mitogenomes, list of genes and lncRNAs will serve as important resources to the research community in the future in areas such as conservation efforts, molecular biology, genetics and evolutionary biology.


Purpose: disclosure of health-ways for teaching and learning of students. Material: analysis of the publications of domestic and foreign authors. Results: The article is devoted to the implementation of healthy way approach to the educational process, namely, the rational organization of training aimed at keeping the dynamics of human health, the prevention of mental fatigue and overload, increase adaptive reserves of the body of the person; intensification of teaching and learning of students (application-is controversial dialogue, training, game forms and methods of training, participation in project activities, the work of pedagogical workshops) that stimulates emotional accommodation and understanding of knowledge, helps students acquire personal-relevant knowledge and experience; use of health effect of artistic and practical (music, painting) activities of students. Conclusions: highlights the key towards the implementation of health-promoting approach to the educational process.


Europe and in particular, the United Kingdom (UK), are becoming increasingly multicultural and ethnically-diverse regions. For this reason, the role of ethnicity in health has become salient as ethnic inequalities in health have become apparent. The use of ethnicity in health research has its origins in theories of 'race', which focus on physical and anthropological characteristics (Fenton, 2004), with the idea that racial and biological variations underpin the "natural" differences in health between ethnic groups (Karlsen, 2004). Ethnicity, however, emphasises the differentiation between groups in terms of their religious, ancestral, cultural and social backgrounds, and with the belief that ethnic groups are bound together by shared attitudes, behaviours and experiences. For this article, this definition will be used; however there are numerous ways to define ethnicity depending on one's focus of interest and opinion. Emily Williams Post-doctoral Fellow – Psychobiology Group Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London


Spin current-based electronics, referred to as spintronics, is the promising technology to replace charge current-based technology. Spintronics-based devices allow for the minimization of the size of the device and faster response. The study of spin current efficiency in different materials is one of the emergent research topics in modern days. Spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) are popular tools for studying the spin current efficiency in materials. In this regard, high spin-orbit coupling (SOC) materials are very useful for such studies. Heavy metals, topological insulators, and Antiferromagnets are used as high SOC layers in this work.


This article investigates how the use of quotation in live performance contributes to the implied meanings of the theatrical experience as a whole. In a source-culture performance, as well as drawing in cultural memory through their reference to Russian fairy tale and folk culture, Masha's lines from Pushkin in Chekhov's Three Sisters engage with aspects central to performance: uttering of quotation, repetition, memory and displacement of dialogue. Forcing an interrogative stance from the audience, these aspects of performance serve to destabilize the theatrical illusion of realism. Is this function sacrificed in translation?


Increasingly, Americans' only option for paying the high costs of college is to take out student loans. Federal, state, and private grants were the largest form of financial aid until 1982, when loans began to outpace grants. Since then, loans have been the largest source of financial aid.1 Forty percent of all households headed by individuals younger than 35 years of age have outstanding student debt.2


The Tohoku earthquake in 2011 caused several damages to the pipeline network in the Tokyo Bay area. Predominantly, the main damages were noticed in the artificial islands, where liquefaction destro...


We present a detailed method to simulating sensor distortions using a photon and electron Monte Carlo method. We use three-dimensional electrostatic simulations to parameterize the perturbed electric field profile for nonideal sensor details. We follow the conversion of simulated photons, and the subsequent response of the converted electrons to the electric field pattern. These nonideal sensor details can be implemented efficiently in a Monte Carlo approach. We demonstrate that the nonideal sensor distortions have a variety of observable consequence including the modification of the astrometric pattern; the distortion of the electron diffusion size and shape; and the distortion of flats. We show analytic validation of the diffusion physics, reproduce two kinds of edge distortion, and show qualitative validation of field-free regions, lithography errors, and fringing. We also demonstrate that there are two related effects of doping variation having different observable consequences. We show that field distortions from accumulated electrons lead to intensity-dependent point-spread functions and the sublinear variance in flats. The method is implemented in the Photon Simulator and the code is publicly available.


This article expounds the problematique of land acquisition for public use in Tanzania. Three cases are examined to explore how social, institutional and economic processes, interests and the associated key players interact to generate conflicts and the abortive attempts made to resolve them. One of the most valuable lessons drawn is that the processes involved in land acquisition for public use, that is, alienation, valuation and compensation, unless supported by clear, institutionalised and inclusive protocols that are transparent and predicable, may result in unintended and undesirable negative consequences such as grievances, triggering conflicts between government and landowners. These could potentially escalate and assume political dimensions that further may undermine socio-economic sustainability of particularly the poor as well as constitute a threat to peace and stability. It is argued that policy and legislative reforms are necessary to review the current top-down approaches to compulsory land acquisition practices, institutionalise dialogue as a key strategy to acquire land as well as set reliable mechanisms for funding required to pay fair and prompt compensation. Most importantly, mandatory provision for land for resettling and restoring appropriated households to the same position and change of attitude among public officials including professionals are also other critical considerations. The latter is particularly so because 'business as usual' outlook practices tend to ignore the transformed urban property landscape especially with regard to private property rights and commodification of land.


PURPOSE: To control forming of an inkjet orifice plate and the like at high accuracy and freedom. CONSTITUTION: An electrically conductive layer 4 is formed on a substrate 1 made of polished glass or the like in the shape of an outer surface of an orifice plate by electro-deposition or the like. A layer 6 is formed on the layer 4. The layer 6 is available for use as an orifice plate, when the layer 6 is torn off from the layer 4 thereafter. To facilitate tearing off of the layer 6, a layer 5 of an oxide or the like is provided on the layer 4.


My original ambition for the research work underpinning this thesis was to study and register Portuguese territories with low population density. As explored here, my motivation centred on doing research through observing the effects of several years of migration by younger generations to main urban centres in Portugal, namely Porto and Lisbon, as this had left physical marks in the rural territory. The evidence of human decline was so visible in the abandoned buildings, streets and plots of land to the extent that some of these areas looked like ghost villages, where a human soul was hard to find. This was the face of depression.
My approach to social inclusion in settings affected by human and environmental des-ertification presents a model for transforming oral traditions into something tangible through collaboration between artists and artisans, and by (re)presenting this knowledge (back) in new ways to rural and urban centres. The present research study has been a journey across architecture and art, Portugal and England and also a journey from urban to rural Portugal. It shows that it is possible to retain an authorial voice as an artist, whilst developing a model for participation and social inclusion rooted in issues which are shared by a whole nation. It presents a form of practice-led research that cherishes the art, as well as the people who live and work alongside the artist.


An increasing number of adult patients are seeking orthodontic treatment to improve their smile or their masticatory function. One of the biggest challenges an adult orthodontic patient faces is the time spent wearing brackets because time and esthetics have become increasingly important in this time. Over the years, several surgical techniques have been developed to address this issue and reduce overall treatment time. Although very effective, these techniques have proven to be quite invasive. A new, minimally invasive surgical procedure [piezocision] is presented in this case report that combines microincisions and localized piezoelectric surgery to achieve similar results rapidly and with minimal trauma.


Complete conformational analysis of all possible keto and enol forms of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) was carried out using density functional theory with the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G**, 6-311G**, and 6-311++G** basis sets. In addition, the geometries and energies of the four most stable chelated conformers and their corresponding open structures were obtained at the MP2/6-31G** level of theory. The energy differences between the four stable chelated enol conformers, in the gas phase, calculated at the B3LYP levels are negligible. However, calculations at the MP2 level indicate that the B2 conformer (the hydroxyl group in the -CF3 side) is significantly more stable than others, in agreement with the X-ray diffraction results. The calculated intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) energy EHB and the strength of the bond have been compared, and an imperfection in the prevalent method of evaluating EHB has been perceived. The IHB of TTFA was compared with those in several β-dicarbonyls.


BACKGROUND
Drugs affecting the respiratory system are an important group of pharmaceutical specialties in poisoning with relatively high frequency.

METHODS
As a continuation of our published studies on the concentrations of drugs of abuse and drugs affecting cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems, we have reviewed the published data to select respiratory drugs on the basis of conservative criteria and our own experience.

RESULTS
A compilation of the concentrations of 73 drugs affecting the respiratory system--in whole blood, serum/plasma, and urine, and corresponding to therapeutic, toxic, or lethal concentrations--is given.

CONCLUSIONS
The table presented can be helpful in interpretation of the concentrations of this group of medicines encountered in clinical, toxicologic, and forensic cases.


Classical molecular dynamics with the AIREBO potential is used to investigate the effect of two types of the Stone-Thrower-Wales (STW) defects in an infinite graphene sheet on structural stability of graphene. The borders of the structural stability of graphene in the two-dimensional space of the strain components ( ) are found for the two types of defects at 0 K. It is shown that the STW defects practically do not affect critical strain of graphene when tension is applied along the zigzag direction, while for tension along the armchair direction the defects reduce the graphene strength noticeably. The effect of temperature on the time until fracture for the defected graphene is studied for different values of strains.


The transgender castle that radicals have constructed by sheer force of will is built on shifting sand without supports of any kind. The wave that will sweep it away is gaining strength. May the time come soon when we will all say, with observers of past hysterias, "How could we have believed that?"


The mitochondrial DNA sequence for the COI region was determined for 73 Panulirus japonicus individuals collected at three sample locations in Japan. Fifty-one haplotypes, including 69 polymorphic sites without insertion and deletion, were detected, of which three dominant haplotypes were shared among the three sample locations. The nucleotide and haplotype diversities at the three sample locations were in the ranges of 0.009–0.010 and 0.959–0.990, respectively. No significant population subdivision was detected among the sample locations based on the Fst value and net nucleotide substitution rate, and analysis of the molecular variance model (AMOVA). There was no characteristic geographic distribution pattern for these haplotypes. These results indicate there is no genetic differentiation between P. japonicus populations in Japan, and support the hypothesis that benthic individuals of P. japonicus are sustained from a population of a common pool of long-period phyllosoma larvae through long-distance larval transport within the Kuroshio Subgyre.


Purpose To assess the reliability of a biomimetic osteochondral scaffold Maioregen (Finceramica Faenza SpA, Faenza, Italt) as a salvage and joint-preserving procedure in the treatment of late stages of osteonecrosis of the knee. Methods Nine active patients aged under 65 year presenting with clinical and radiological signs of SPONK were treated with a biomimetic osteochondral scaffold. All patients were clinically evaluated preoperatively and yearly with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Subjective IKDC and Lysholm Knee Scale were used to assess clinical outcome. Pre-operative and post-operative pain was quantified with VAS scale. Activity level were evaluated pre-operatively and at follow-up according to Tegner Activity Scale. Results Subjective IKDC (35 ± 14.5 to 75.7 ± 20) and Lysholm Knee Scale (49.7 ± 17.9 to 86.6 ± 12.7) significantly improved from pre-operative evaluation (p Two of nine patients returned to be symptomatic after 18 months from the implants and progressed to condylar collapse, despite the joint-preserving treatment, and underwent a total knee arthroplasty. Conclusions Biomimetic scaffold can be a valid option in surgical treatment of SPONK in young active patients. Use of this surgical technique, originally developed for OCD, gives good clinical results at a mid-term follow up also in treatment of osteonecrosis and could postpone or even spare joint replacement procedures.


With the continuous development of the society,China's sports system is changing,and the resettlement of retired athletes and the living conditions attract attention to.In this paper,by questionnaire,literature and mathematical statistics,rifle shooting team of Guangxi,pistol,running target and flying saucer retired male and female athletes for a total of 30 are conducted an investigation on,retired age,retired reasons and the present living conditions through questionnaires and interviews.


This paper describes transport modeling performed by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) within the recently completed SR-Site safety assessment. SR-Site is a part of the license application for building a deep geological repository for spent nuclear fuel in Sweden; this application was submitted to the authorities in March 2011. In the safety assessment, a suite of transport models was used to quantify radionuclide transport through the engineered and geological barriers and in the biosphere. The present paper is focused on the transport in the upper part of the bedrock and in the regolith (the Quaternary deposits overlying the rock). The results presented provide input to the assessment of uncertainties in calculated discharge locations for radionuclide-bearing groundwater from the considered repository volume and to analyses of solute spreading in near-surface and surface systems.


In conventional track systems the ties are supported by an unbound ballast layer underlain by subballast or the subgrade, or both. Analytical models used to estimate stresses and deflections of these multilayer systems predict that the lower portions of the unbound layer will develop significant incremental tensile stresses. Their magnitude is such that, when combined with the normally expected geostatic stresses, failure of the ballast is predicted. Some analytical models have incorporated failure criteria for the unbound layer as a means of limiting these stresses to permissible values. A discussion of these approaches is presented along with the implications that predicted failure would have for permanent deformation prediction methodologies. An alternative method based on residual lateral stresses in the ballast is presented. A description is given of a laboratory box testing device used to measure residual lateral stresses. Experimental results are shown that indicate that relatively large residual stresses, due to repeated applications of loading, can develop in ballast. The effects of combining the initial stresses in the unbound layer with the incremental tensile stresses predicted by continuum or finite element models are discussed. Particular attention is given to the effects that these residual stresses have on prediction of permanent deformation.


Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy and the long-term use of prednisone can impair immunity. Listeria monocytogenes can cause invasive infections in these immunocompromised patients with a lower number of microorganisms. This can lead to central nervous system infections which may have similar initial clinical presentations to ischemic stroke.


Reduction on Workload of the Farmer's Family Producing Tulip Bulbs (II) The Characteristics of the Labor in a Diversified Farming of Tulip Bulbs and Paddy Rice.The purpose of this paper was to obtain some fundamental data for reducing the workload by clarifying the characteristics inclding physical and mental burden of the labor in a diversified farming of tulip and paddy rise. The obtained results were as follows.1) In tulip bulbs farming, there were two peaks in working time. First is term from June to July for harvesting, processing and shipping, and second is the term in October for bulb planting. The similar patterns were observed in transplanting and harvesting in paddy rice farming, but the two peaks didn't overlap each other.2) The two peaks of working time in a diversified farming of tulip bulbs and paddy rice gave an influence on daily life time out of labor. Especially working interval time in harvesting of tulip bulbs was the shortest in a year and sleeping time was also the shortest.3) Required working time (minute/ha) in tulip bulbs farming was 10.6 times and 26.4 than that in planting of paddy rice and harvesting of paddy rice, respectively. The phenomenon was explained by the difference of mechanized levels in two farmings. To promote mechanization in tulip bulbs farming is important in the future.


One objective of opinion mining is to provide knowledge reasoning from sentences given to the system. It requires an understanding for the meaning of each word including the out-of-vocabulary words and the relation between words in that sentence. Twitter is one of social media networking that allows users to broadcast short text message called tweets. Compared to English, Bahasa Indonesia has a different characteristic on its structure in which it has many words coming from local language that can be categorized as the out-of-vocabulary words. This paper is aimed to explain how to generate the question-answer pairs from opinion statements from Twitter in Bahasa Indonesia. Those generated question-answer pairs will be used to build a question-answer opinion corpus. The proposed approach is the transformation of a pattern-based opinion sentences, focused on the identification of objects, features of objects, and opinions of objects. The final result of this research showed the QA-pairs as a knowledge base for the question and answer opinion system with accuracy reaching 81.7%.


Over two million U.S. service members have been deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan since 2001. As the war in Iraq has ended and combat operations have ended in Afghanistan, the military is reducing its size, and thousands of military service members are leaving the service and returning to college to prepare for civilian careers.1 Many of these veterans are eligible for college and vocational training through U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) education benefits programs, and colleges and universities have had a resulting influx of veterans in recent years.2 Student veterans, like many other post-traditional students, face a number of challenges as they transition from the military to colleges and universities. In order to help student veterans succeed on their campuses, many colleges and universities have instituted programs intended to help veterans through the difficult transition period and to help them achieve academic success. However, libraries have remained on the sidelines with regards to outreach to student veterans. Very few academic libraries have created formal outreach efforts targeting student veterans, despite the fact that research shows that there is a positive correlation between library usage and student success.3 By devising outreach campaigns specifically aimed at student veterans, libraries can serve as important campus partners who can help student veterans achieve their academic goals. Scope of the Issue The number of veterans enrolled in higher education has exploded in recent years. According to VA data, the number of individuals using veterans education benefits has nearly doubled since 2007, reaching over 1 million in 2013.4 While this number alone is dramatic, it is not complete—the true number of veterans and service members enrolled in U.S. colleges and universities is likely significantly higher, since the VA only tracks individuals using VA education benefits (commonly known as the GI Bill). The trend of veterans flocking to colleges and universities is likely to continue, as troop drawdowns and reductions in force size will send many people out of the military, many of whom will be likely to take advantage of the generous benefits afforded them by the Post 9/11 GI Bill.


In this paper, we present explicit toric construction of moduli space of quasi maps from ℙ1 with two marked points to ℙ1 × ℙ1, which was first proposed by Jinzenji and prove that it is a compact or...


Ratified by the EU in early October, the agreement is a landmark pact to keep global warming to less than two degrees above pre-industrial levels. The task is enormous. World leaders made promises to curb their emissions in the run-up to the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris. But these Intended Nationally Determined Contributions will only cap global warming at 3.7 degrees. Efforts and ambition will have to be further stepped up by the EU, and other major polluters such as the US and China. The Paris Agreement enters into force on 7 November. Europe is already the most solarised region in the world, with almost 100GW of installed capacity. In 2015, 8.1 GW of solar power was added to the grid, a 15% increase on the 7GW in 2014. But that boost was the first increase since 20102011, according to trade association SolarPower Europe. This positive trend needs to be accelerated if the EU is to turn away from an economy based on fossil fuels and extraction to embrace a low carbon, sustainable future.


The "rite" and "benevolence" in the Analects is the relationship between external standard and inner consciousness. The main view in the academic circle is always that "benevolence" takes the dominant position in the relationship. This view, however, neglects the issue about a starting-point all the time, i. e. why Confucius believed unconditionally that "rite" should guide human life? Proceeding from this issue, this article explores, step by step, into the movement of ideology that took place before the times of Confucius-how the rite replaced the divinity and became people's spiritual support, what the significance of the replacement is, and how Confucius remolded the movement while carrying it on. Based on arrangement of the background of the thought history, the article points out the particular two-way relationship between "rite" and "benevolence".


Bisphenol A (BPA), a monomer used for the production of polycarbonate, is known to have estrogen activity. In this study, pregnant mice were fed chow diet containing 1% BPA, and we examined the influence of dietary BPA on delivery and growth of newborn pups in mice. When pregnant mice were fed BPA diet, the mice normally delivered pups on day 21 of gestation. The number of offspring pups in maternal mice fed BPA diet was same to those fed normal diet. Therefore, the growth of fetuses and the process of delivery were not influenced by dietary BPA. However, the growth of newborn pups was markedly suppressed when maternal mice were fed BPA diet. The growth of neonatal mice depends on breast milk, and stomach was filled with milk in pups. In newborn pups from maternal mice supplemented with BPA diet, the weight of stomach was lower than that from maternal mice with normal diet. Since the serum level of prolactin was limited in maternal mice supplemented with BPA diet, the suppressed growth of newborn pups by dietary BPA may be due to the insufficient supply of breast milk. These results suggest that the influence of BPA on the growth of newborn pups is related to hormonal condition in maternal mice.


After months of pretending that the economic turmoil is not likely to affect Russia, the government recently went public on the multiple ramifications of the crisis. It seems that virtually no sector or policy of the Russian state will escape unaffected. This Policy Brief raises several questions in regard to Russia's foreign policy at a time of economic difficulties. Will it fall victim to the crisis or will the crisis re-energise Russia's assertiveness? Will it mechanically adjust to the declining curve of the oil price or will it preserve its self-assertive tone while the economic crisis fuels the aggressive rhetoric?


We consider a hyperbolic quasilinear version of the Navier–Stokes equations in R 2 , arising from using a Cattaneo type law instead of a Fourier law. These equations, which depend on a parameter ε , are a way to avoid the infinite speed of propagation which occurs in the classical Navier–Stokes equations. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to these equations, and then exhibit smallness assumptions on the data, under which the solutions are global in time. In particular, these smallness assumptions disappear when ε vanishes, accordingly to the fact that the solutions of the 2D Navier–Stokes equations are global.


Through more than half a century of experimentation, all kinds of prefabricated components applied to construction have been created. The evolution of the different constructive solutions for building has been possible thanks to a constant improvement of the techniques and to a fruitful collaboration with architects, engineers, designers and builders. The prefabrication offers a huge capacity for generating new technical and creative solutions that solve architectural and constructive building problems.


Triadica cochinchinensis Lour. is first time recorded from the geographical boundary of Odisha. Its occurrence in Similipal Biosphere Reserve is of great phytogeographical significance. Detailed description, distribution, habitat and photographs have been provided for easy identification


Nutrients are recognized as one of the nine planetary boundaries, which could increase risks of unacceptable global environmental changes. In this study we developed a recent and complete high-resolution nutrient flows compilation that can be used for assessing global nutrient annual fluxes from land to sea. It consists of annual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes with spatial resolution of five arc-minutes (about 10 × 10 km at the equator) centered on year 2005, assessing potential nutrient delivery to rivers, lakes and oceans. The dataset includes: nutrient inputs in agricultural areas (mineral and organic fertilization, nitrogen fixation), crop/fodder/grass harvest, nutrient inputs by domestic and industrial activities (i.e. wastewater treatment plants, industries, and phosphorus from detergents), nutrients from built-areas, nitrogen atmospheric deposition, N and P transported via erosion, and phosphorus release by weathering. The dataset was compared with other studies, was analyzed at different spatial scales showing the main environmental hotspots, and finally a qualitative uncertainty analysis was performed. The results showed that nitrogen surplus was the largest contributor to the potential losses on all continents, while for phosphorus the major contributors included the surplus, erosion and inputs from human wastewater. Hotspots were identified mainly in China and India. Rates exceeding 100 kg ha−1 of N were observed locally in Europe, Egypt and North America coinciding with intensive agriculture practices. We also showed that N and P transported via erosion, domestic and industrial nutrient emissions, as well as manure resulted in the most uncertain fluxes.


We successfully demonstrated DC and RF performance of a metal-oxide-HEMT based on baseline InAs/AlSb HEMT epitaxy material. E-beam evaporated Al<inf>1−x</inf>O<inf>x</inf> was chosen for the dielectric film and its composition characterized by EDS. In a device with 2.0µm gate length, maximum drain current is 286mA/mm and peak transconductance is 495mS/mm at drain voltage of 0.4V. Microwave performance shows a ƒ<inf>T</inf> of 10 GHz and an ƒ<inf>max</inf> of 20 GHz. Degraded subthreshold slope but suppressed gate leakage specifically at large electric field were observed.


To compare the referral diagnosis based on prenatal ultrasound to diagnoses made following combined ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at the Texas Children's Fetal Center (TCFC) and postnatal diagnosis.


Objective To explore the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of ICU acquired infections.Methods There 260 ICU patients who had hospitalized over 48h in ICU from MAY 2005 to Apr.2007 were studied on ICU acquired infections.Results There 96 ICU cases were acquired infections(40%),becteral infections rate was 35%(92/ 260),fungal infections rate was 11.5%(30/260).The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas aerationsa, Escherichia coli and Candida.The results of drug susceptibility test demonstrated that P.aeruginosa was multidrug-resistant .Conclusion Monitoring on pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance among inpatients of ICU be strengthened for guiding clinically rational us of antibiotics.