To investigate their anti-inflammatory mechanism,the effects of berberine(Ber.),chlorogenic acid(Ch.A.) and baicalin(Bai) on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) in rat intestinal mucosa microvascular endothelial cells(RIMMVECs) challeged by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) were analyzed by immunocytochemical staining,and gray scale and statistical analysis were performed.The results showed that RIMMVECs constitutively express ICAM-1 in low level and LPS significantly increased it,while LPS-induced strong expression of ICAM-1 in RIMMVECs was suppressed by Ber,Ch.A and Bai.The results indicated that the anti-inflammatory role of Ber,Ch.A and Bai is related to their downregulating effect on LPS-mediated ICAM-1 expression, which provide data for clarifying their mechanism.


The study is aimed at obtaining a sparse carbon nanotube (CNT) array for using it in experiments on amplifying the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal.
A procedure for synthesizing CNTs on Si/SiO2 and on glass-ceramic (sitall) substrates using the CVD method has been developed. The substrates were covered with a thin Ni layer in a magnetron sputtering unit. The subsequent annealing of the substrates in a high-temperature furnace at a temperature of 800-1000 оС resulted in that the Ni film became decomposed into an array of Ni islands that served as CNT growth catalysts. The CNTs were synthesized in the Planar Tech unit's automated high-temperature furnace in a quartz glass tube, which was placed in the furnace and streamlined by flow of Ar with admixture СН4, Н2 and NH The synthesis temperature was equal to 900 оС, and the total synthesis process took more than 200 min. Owing to the system's being fully automated, the synthesis operating parameters could be set up, including the temperature and duration of each stage and composition of gas mixture blown through the quartz tube. The microimages of the CNT arrays grown on different substrates were analyzed, and it has been found from that analysis that the synthesis yielded horizontally oriented multilayer CNTs ranging from 26 to 60 nm in diameter, depending both on the substrate type and condition and the surface annealing conditions. These factors also determine the CNT array density on the substrate. The synthesis conditions under which a sparse CNT array is obtained, which seems to be the most suitable for carrying out experiments on amplifying the SERS signal, have been established. Peculiarities of the Raman signal enhancement as a result of interaction between plasmon oscillations in CNTs and polyatomic molecules in the presence of laser radiation are discussed. It is pointed out that neighboring nanotubes have a screening effect on the radiation, for avoiding which sparse CNT arrays need to be used.


Describes a calorimetric experiment on the heat of mixing organic liquids where a Dewar flask is used as an adiabatic container.


The influence of the lipids present in commercial zein on the rheological properties and the microstructure of zeinstarch doughs supplemented with HPMC were investigated by dynamic and rotational measurements in shear, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and hyperbolic contraction flow (HCF). INTRODUCTION Gluten intolerance is a disease that affects approximately one per cent of the population and the only cure available is to refrain completely from eating products containing gluten. Increased awareness of the disease has led to an increase in the demand for gluten-free products. Wheat gluten however, is a major structure forming protein and unique in its ability to allow the formation of viscoelastic doughs. As water is added to the flour during mixing, a gluten network held together by hydrogen bonds, disulphide bonds and physical entanglements is formed. The gluten-starch matrix gives a dough with high extensional viscosity and a strain hardening behavior which improves its ability to retain gas during proving and baking as it will help stabilize the cell walls during bubble growth. This makes wheat doughs especially suitable for breadmaking as it makes it possible to produce breads with good volume and an open foam structure. Gluten-free breads, on the other hand, are mainly produced from refined flours such as starches, which are lacking structure forming proteins, and are in comparison of poor structural quality. The prolamin zein, which is the storage protein in maize, lacks the properties of wheat gluten and will not form a viscoelastic dough as the zein will not form a network when bound in maize flour. However, using purified zein mixed with starch above the Tg of zein it is possible to form a viscoelastic dough which has rheological properties suitable for breadmaking. The zein-starch dough can be improved further by addition of HPMC. The effect of surface lipids present in commercial zein has also been considered. Their influence on the breadmaking properties of zein-starch doughs has been investigated by Schober et al.. They found that the removal of surface lipids promoted aggregation of the zein particles which in turn helped in the formation of a protein network during mixing. The work presented here was performed in order to verify these results. MATERIALS AND METHODS The zein used was bought from Sigma Aldrich (Stockholm, Sweden) and had a protein content of 94% db. To examine the influence of lipids present in the protein part Influence of Surface Lipids in Commercial Zein on Microstructure and Rheological Properties of Gluten-Free Dough Daniel Johansson, Annika Krona, and Mats Stading 1 SIK – The Swedish Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Göteborg, Sweden. 2 Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden


About 70 percent of businesses are organized as sole proprietorships, and many business owners are not well-diversified, yet the finance discipline is largely silent regarding how to estimate the opportunity cost of capital for undiversified investors. In this paper, the Capital Market Line (CML) is presented as the appropriate vehicle for estimating such an investor's return requirement. Recognizing the applicability of the CML allows the undiversified investor's exposure to an investment's total risk to be objectively linked to the market price of risk. Knowing the appropriate return requirement is useful for valuation and capital budgeting purposes.


The career of the poet Yang Lian provides a case study of the tension between dissidence and accommodation in PRC literary publishing over the past quarter of a century. In the 1980s, Yang published unofficially and officially, attempting to maintain his dissident independence while also taking advantage of the accommodations available within official culture. In 1989, the accommodation that Yang had reached with official culture collapsed. Since 1989, Yang has been promoted outside China as a dissident. Inside China, Yang's work has been adapted to the demands of censorship. This study shows that accommodations with China's official publishing system have been important to the careers of writers like Yang throughout the 1980s and 1990s. It also suggests that dissidence has played an important role in the achievement of such accommodations. The findings of this case study are pertinent to the situation of many artists and writers in the PRC today.


In any business organization, database infrastructures are subject to various structured query language (SQL) injection attacks, such as tautologies, alternative coding, stored procedures, use of the union operator, piggyback, among others. This article describes a data mining project developed to mitigate the problem of identifying SQL injection attacks on databases. The project was conducted using an adaptation of the cross-industry standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM) methodology. A total of 12 python libraries was used for cleaning, transformation, and modeling. The anomaly detection model was carried out using clustering by the k – nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm. The query text was analyzed for the groups with anomalies to identify sentences presenting attack traces. A web interface was implemented to display the daily summary of the attacks found. The information source was obtained from the transactions log of a PostgreSQL database server. Our results allowed the identification of different attacks by injection of SQL code above 80%. The execution time for processing half a million transaction log was approximately 60 minutes using a computer with the following characteristics: Intel® Core i7 processor 7th generation, 12GB RAM and 500GB SSD.


We observe three-photon ionization photoelectron spectra of phenol in a molecular beam. After excitation by the first photon to the S1 electronic state, a second photon lifts the molecule to a set of superexcited molecular states at an energy of 9 eV, which is 0.5 eV above the ionization energy. Photoelectron spectra are obtained by ionizing the molecule with a third photon. The spectra show prominent Rydberg series with δ = 0.32 and δ = 0.80, as well as several other series. Time-delayed photoelectron spectra are obtained from two-color ionization experiments. These spectra are analyzed by eliminating underlying contributions from competing ionization processes, and by referencing all decays to a set of particularly persistent photoelectron peaks. A kinetic picture emerges that invokes an ultrafast conversion of the initially excited, optically bright, superexcited valence state to a set of vibrationally excited Rydberg states, on a femtosecond time scale. Further dynamical processes among the Rydberg st...


For humans, the ability to discriminate between, and to identify, others is paramount. The most obvious way this is accomplished is by means of face recognition. However, this is not the only method available. The present article reports on two experiments designed to see whether gait can be used as a reliable cue to identity. Experiment One showed that the human visual system was sophisticated enough to learn to identify six individuals on the basis of their gait signature under conditions of simulated daylight, simulated dusk and point-light displays. It thus appeared that gait-related judgements could be made, and furthermore, that these judgements were possible without reliance on shape information. Experiment Two suggested that even under adverse viewing conditions involving a single brief exposure, humans could identify a target from a walking identity parade at greater than chance levels. These results emerged regardless of the lighting conditions, and were largely independent of the gender of the target walker. As such, the present results suggest that gait could be used as a reliable means of discriminating between individuals, and the importance of such an identity cue, in conditions in which the face is obscured, are discussed.


Speed master control system of finishing mill in 1 450 mm hot strip rolling mill of Panzhihua Iron Steel Group Company is introduced.The control principle and function implement of speed master control,looper height control and head tail track,and the configuration of control system are described.After transformation,the output and the quality of product are improved,and the failure rate is decreased considerably.


Thank you for downloading the descent of man and selection in relation to sex. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this the descent of man and selection in relation to sex, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their computer.


The productivity of our planet's ecosystems depends upon the nature of the soil and its quality. The crop production and environmental quality can be sustained by maintaining this important natural resource on sustainable basis. However, to meet the increasing demand of burgeoning population, agriculture is being commercialised everywhere and it has become a high input system. The high input systems have now started impacting soil quality and ultimately the nature of ecosystem services (Feng et al., 2010). Moreover, the commercialization of agriculture has led to adoption of high yielding crop varieties whereby one type of crop is continuously cultivated on one plot in an attempt to increase yields. This monoculture farming system interferes with International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 4 (2017) pp. 203-211 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


In the article the author on the basis of the collected field ethnographic material analyzed the considerable array of information, related to the imaginations of boikos of child birth, protection of baby against evil actions  from the side of various sort of evil spirits – sending of illnesses, jinxing, substitution; described traditional presentations of the Ukrainian highlanders about those demonic characters, which are genetically related to the souls of dead children. The author stated that the posthumous fate of the soul of child depended on many circumstances – mostly from that, whether this baby died miscarried whether the baby was executed by mother died at once after birth or later, having tried pectoral milk or not (in fact the last factor in old times influenced the "sinfulness" of a child). For this reason, after the beliefs of population of Boikivshchyna, dead children could become independent demonic characters ("stradchata") after death, or to fill up the rows of almost all of categories of impure souls. Key words: demonology, boiko, soul of dead child.


&NA; The use of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and interferon‐&agr; (IFN&agr;) in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma has generated considerable interest. In particular, the relatively high number of durable complete responses has suggested this may be a significant advance in the treatment of malignant melanoma. We report our experience at the University of Colorado in 43 patients, including many with poor prognostic factors. Patients received cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 1‐4, vinblastine 1.6 mg/m2 on days 1‐4, dacarbazine 800 mg/m2 on day 1, IL‐2 9 × 106 IU/m2 per day intravenously over 24 h on days 1‐4 and IFN&agr; 5 × 106 IU/m2 per day subcutaneously on days 1‐5 every 3 weeks. The median follow‐up for all patients was 34 months. Responses were seen in 20 patients (47%, 95% confidence interval 31‐62%) and comprised five complete responses (CRs) (12%) and 15 partial responses (PRs) (35%). Two patients achieving a CR remain disease free at 45 and 47 months follow‐up. In addition three patients who obtained a surgical CR and another with only minor residual changes on computed tomography scan have not progressed at 27, 30, 40 and 27 months, respectively. Toxicity was manageable, but all patients had at least one grade 3 or 4 toxicity, predominantly hypotension and neutropenia. There were no treatment‐related deaths. In conclusion, the response rate and duration is within the range previously reported for biochemotherapy. The results of ongoing randomized studies are awaited to better define the value of biochemotherapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma.


PurposeThe purpose of the present article is to obtain the similarity solution for the shock wave generated by a piston propagating in a self-gravitating nonideal gas under the impact of azimuthal magnetic field for adiabatic and isothermal flows.Design/methodology/approachThe Lie group theoretic method given by Sophus Lie is used to obtain the similarity solution in the present article.FindingsSimilarity solution with exponential law shock path is obtained for both ideal and nonideal gas cases. The effects on the flow variables, density ratio at the shock front and shock strength by the variation of the shock Cowling number, adiabatic index of the gas, gravitational parameter and nonidealness parameter are investigated. The shock strength decreases with an increase in the shock Cowling number, nonidealness parameter and adiabatic index, whereas the strength of the shock wave increases with an increase in gravitational parameter.Originality/valuePropagation of shock wave with spherical geometry in a self-gravitating nonideal gas under the impact of azimuthal magnetic field for adiabatic and isothermal flows has not been studied by any author using the Lie group theoretic method.


The aim of this investigation is to determine the influence of the energy release from a combustible two-phase media on the blast wave generated by an explosive charge, during the first stages of the process. For this purpose ball charges of "Composition B" were detonated in air, in pure nitrogen containing suspended solid particles of carbon, and in pure oxygen containing particles of aluminum and carbon. The blast wave's velocity was measured in all the media using fast frame camera 300,000 f.p.s. and streak photography at 2 mm/μs. The influence of release or absorption of energy by the medium was investigated by comparing experiments done in inert media with those conducted in combustible media while other parameters are kept constant.

Kozorezov's triple isentrope model was compared to the results, and good agreement is found. The article contains detailed information on the experiments and the calculations performed.


The aim of the paper is to present a conception of a hybrid learning method for discrete manufacturing processes control.The method is based on a special form of a knowledge based model of discrete manufacturing process, named here hybrid knowledge based model (HKBM). The model consists of two parts, each of a different type of model: algebraic-logical model in a state spacethat is created on a basis of process technology description and set of expert rules referring to control. A general scheme of HKBM of a vast class of discrete manufacturing processes (DMP) is given in the paper. Then the method of synthesis of intelligent, learning algorithms that use information on the process gained in previous iterations as well as an expert knowledge is described. To illustrate the presented ideas, the scheduling algorithm for a special NP-hard problem is given.


I n 1992 a F I n n I s h w o m a n b o r n in 1919 expressed her loss in an autobiography she wrote for a collection of sexual life stories gathered for sociological research. She wrote: "Maria has already passed on to eternity. That was announced in a death notice in the newspaper. Only the dark roses I have sent to the funeral convey the message of our friendship. Do I dare to break the fabric of forgetting?" Although this author had married twice and, as she describes it, experienced her best moments with her spouse, her account begins with Maria, with whom she had worked in an institution that she does not name but describes as a "closed community" after World War II. The affair, which involved kissing and caressing that "made the blood rush in the veins," needed to be kept secret, and the writer recalls being worried about doing something harmful to herself by engaging in such an affair. This glimpse of the queer desire between two women illustrates the nature of my findings about this collection of autobiographies. The story of Maria was written by a woman who had lived a predominantly heterosexual life, but the text nonetheless offers insight into the nature of same-sex desire during the post–World War II period. While this woman recounted her own secret affair with another woman, many of the writers in the collection remember gays and lesbians they have known. I will argue that the way in which these writers recall their own same-sex desires and those of others reveals the importance of queer desires in constructing their sexual life stories in the 1990s.


N ecosystems, such as rivers, salt marshes, mangroves, coastal dunes which are exposed to frequent and regular hydrogeomorphic fluxes (i.e. physical disturbances), feedbacks between geomorphology (water, sediment and landforms) and plants (e.g. Populus nigra L., Salix alba L., Salix purpurea L. in rivers) can occur. Vegetation esta¬blishment is controlled by hydrogeomorphic processes which in turn are modulated by vegetation. Such feedbacks control riparian ecosystem dynamics. In this thesis, we addressed two main questions in an effort to better understand feedbacks between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes: (i) How does riparian vegetation respond to hydrogeomorphic constraints? (ii) How, and to what extent, do established engineer plants affect fluvial geomorphology? We studied these questions through a nested multi-scale approach from landscape pattern to plant trait scales on the dynamic wandering Allier River (France). We tested the applicability of the method of photogrammetry to quantify the response and the effect of riparian vegetation and biogeomorphic feedbacks at different spatio-temporal scales (i.e. corridor, alluvial bar and individual). At the corridor scale, we searched for the topographic signature of riparian vegetation in the landscape, using photogrammetric and LiDAR data. At the intermediate alluvial bar scale, we investigated the aptitude of three dominant pioneer riparian Salicaceae species (P. nigra, S. purpurea and S. alba) to establish and to act as ecosystem engineers by trap¬ping fine sediment. At the finest, plant trait scale, we quantified the relation between response trait attributes of young P. nigra plants and their exposure to three different levels of mechanical stress (a highly exposed bar-head, a less exposed bar-tail, a chute channel). We identified some difficulties or failures to properly apply photogrammetry in biogeomorphic feedback studies. However, photogrammetry appeared as a useful tool to quantify a set of relevant parameters to respond to fundamental research questions concerning biogeomorphic feedbacks at the three nested spatial scales. At the broadest, the topographic signature of vegetation was not easy to capture because of the complex shifting mosaic of landforms of the Allier River. However, by focusing on more connec¬ted, restricted areas (i.e. alluvial bars), the signature of vegetation could be captured. It seems to increase with increasing vegetation height corresponding to the evolutionary phases of the fluvial biogeomorphic succession (FBS) model. At the intermediate, alluvial bar scale, biogeomorphic feedbacks could be well identified. The capacity of riparian plants to establish and act as ecosystem engineers depended both on species and their physiognomy, their age and their location on alluvial bars. At the finest, individual plant scale, we captured the contrasting morphological and biomechanical response of P. nigra to variable mechanical stress exposure from a trait perspective. In all hierarchical levels, scale-related biogeomorphic feedbacks were detected and described in a conceptual model. The three scales were considered as cycles composed of four different phases, which can have a variable temporality. The broadest spatio-temporal scale represents the evolution over several decades of the landscape mosaic resulting from the balance between constructive (vegetation establishment, growth and succession) and destruc¬tive (floods) forces. [...]


Foam concrete, a new kind of building material, has attracted wide attention due to its high energy absorption capability and low density. However, the low strength and poor toughness of foam concrete have become obstacles to hinder its further application. Coir fiber (CF), as a renewable recycled plant fiber, has shown a significant effectiveness for improving the mechanical properties of cement-based materials in some previous studies. In this paper, CF was introduced into foam concrete to develop its dynamic performance. A total of 54 foam concrete specimens with different CF contents (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%) were prepared and divided into six groups. A single-impact test was carried out at three driving gas pressures (0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 MPa) by means of Split Hopkinson pressure bar experimental technology to investigate the effect of CF content on the dynamic performance of foam concrete, including the failure mode, dynamic compressive strength, stress-strain behavior, and energy absorption capacity. Furthermore, to explain the change mechanism of CF-foam concrete, a microstructure analysis was conducted through a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that an appropriate amount of CF could significantly improve the dynamic performance of foam concrete. The foam concrete's ductility attained an optimal level at the CF content of 1.5%. The dynamic compressive strengths reached their highest values of 2.27 MPa (at 0.20 MPa gas pressure), 3.18 MPa (at 0.25 MPa gas pressure), and 4.21 MPa (at 0.30 MPa gas pressure) at the CF content of 1.5%. The peak values of energy absorption were 8.9 J (at 0.20 MPa gas pressure) at a CF content of 2.0%, 14.9 J (at 0.25 MPa gas pressure) at a CF content of 1.5%, and 22.4 J (at 0.30 MPa gas pressure) at a CF content of 1.5%, respectively. However, this improvement would deteriorate when CF was in excess.


With jet-flap wings, a considerable proportion of the jet efflux leaves the wing trailing-edge as a plane sheet inclined to the relative mainstream. The lift generated is several times the corresponding vertical component of the jet momentum, while the sectional thrust lies betw.:cn the corresponding horizontal component and full jet momentum. This paper, after introducing briefly the origin and basic concepts, examines the considerable progress made on jet-flap aerodynamics during the past five years. The aspects discussed comprise lift, pitching moments and downwash, thrust, sideslip derivatives, and the effects of ground proximity. Some associated implications with regard to jet-flap aircraft performance, stability and control are also mentioned.


The inefficiencies of China's state-owned property policies form the central focus of this Article. In short, I argue that ill-defined property rights and transaction costs have hindered China's macroeconomic transition. My contentions diverge from prior scholarship, however, by explaining the overwhelming transaction costs through an analysis of the relative power of ministries within China's administrative hierarchy and the role of legalism in the People's Republic of China. Based upon this analysis, I suggest that the long-delayed State-Owned Assets Law now scheduled for passage in 2009 will only achieve the goals of diversification policy if accompanied by organic reforms within the Chinese government.


Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the united Wilson's disease rating scale(UWDRS).Methods The Chinese version of UWDRS was developed by translation and back translation.One hundred and ten patients with hepatolenticular degeneration(HLD) were evaluated by Chinese version of UWDRS,and the reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated.Results The total score of Chinese version of UWDRS was 31.27(20.656,0-89),neurological function score was 17.53(15.867,0-64),liver function score was 6.46(6.150,0-36),mental symptom score was 7.27(6.045,0-26).Cronbach's coefficient of the entire scale was 0.967,and neurological subscale was 0.970,hepatic subscale was 0.493,psychiatric subscale was 0.798.The Spearman-Brown coefficient of the entire scale was 0.811,and neurological subscale was 0.941,hepatic subscale was 0.392,psychiatric subscale was 0.775.The coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.968,and neurological subscale was 0.970,hepatic subscale was 0.628,psychiatric subscale was 0.823(all P 0.001).The coefficient of inter-rater reability was 0.920,and neurological subscale was 0.927,hepatic subscale was 0.584,psychiatric subscale was 0.676(all P 0.001).An explorative factor analysis with varimax rotation did not yield a clear three-factorial solution,but a solution with six interpretable factors explained about 50.685% of the variance.The average of scale-levelcontent validity index was 0.99.Conclusion Chinese version of UWDRS has high reliability and validity.But it still need to be revised.


In this paper, anti-interference of software measure in SCM system is introduced. Digital filter, software anti-interference of I/O state signal, software anti-interference of CPU, and RAM snare are stressed,including their priciple ,characteristic and application instance.


This paper analyzes boom-bust cycles in emerging market economies triggered by miss-perception about future productivity. Using a small open economy DSGE model we show that non-materialized news about future productivity improvements (i.e. overoptimism) generate boombust cycles that replicate the stylized facts of several emerging economies during the 1990s. We report simulation results for a boom-bust cycle under alternative monetary policy rules. In this context, we show that if the central bank tries to stabilize output, there would be a large real appreciation of the currency and a deep contraction in the tradable goods sector. When the central bank follows a more strict inflation targeting regime, the boom-bust pattern in major aggregate variables would be exacerbated. Finally, if the central bank attempts to sustain the real exchange rate, the perverse effects on the domestic tradable goods sector are only prevented in the short-run, but the boom-bust cycle in other variables is amplified.


Complexes of divalent Cu, Ni, Pd and Pt with 3S-aminopyrrolidine (S-ap) have been prepared and characterised by a combination of NMR, CD, electronic, IR and microanalytical techniques. The chosen chirality of the stereogenic carbon (S) forces the secondary nitrogen to adopt the R stereochemistry on co-ordination with the conformation of the 5-membered chelate being λ. The planar [M(S-ap)2]2+ complexes exist as a mixture of cis and trans isomers in the solid state and in solution. The trans arrangement is forced upon co-ordination of an axial donor (X = halide, thiocyanate or nitrite) in the five-co-ordinate ions [Cu(S-ap)2X]+. Methylation of the primary amine of S-ap generates another secondary nitrogen centre in the new ligand 3S-(methylamino)pyrrolidine, S-meap. This exocyclic nitrogen is not restricted to a single configuration on co-ordination. The complexes [M(S-meap)Cl2], where M = Pd or Pt, have been prepared and characterised. Both diastereoisomers (R- and S-NMe) of [Pd(S-meap)Cl2] crystallise from aqueous solution as distinct crystal forms which can be separated by mechanical means. The structure of the NMe(R) isomer has been determined by X-ray crystallography.


The contraction on polymerization per mole of monomeric methacrylic ester varies considerably with the nature of the alcohol alkyl group. It has been found, however, that the higher normal alkyl methacrylates (between propyl and decyl) give a constant molar contraction of 24.5 c.c. It is supposed that this constant contraction is the result of the common feature of the polymerization process at the double bond, the volume of the alkyl groups remaining unchanged. The molar contractions of alkylmethylcarbinyl methacrylates, which are higher than those of the normal alkyl esters, appear to be the result of assumption in the polymer by the secondary alkyl groups of a packing tending to be the same as that of the normal alkyl groups, and due to constraints arising from the polymerization reaction.


We propose a machine learning-based methodology which makes use of ensemble methods with the aims (i) of treating missing data in time series with irregular observation times and detecting anomalies in the observed time behavior; (ii) of defining suitable models of the system dynamics. We applied this methodology to US wholesale electricity price time series that are characterized by missing data, high and stochastic volatility, jumps and pronounced spikes. For missing data, we provide a repair approach based on the missForest algorithm, an imputation algorithm which is completely agnostic about the data distribution. To identify anomalies, i.e., turbulent movements of power prices in which jumps and spikes are observed, we took into account the no-gap reconstructed electricity price time series, and then we detected anomalous regions using the isolation forest algorithm, an anomaly detection method that isolates anomalies instead of profiling normal data points as in the most common techniques. After removing anomalies, the additional gaps will be newly filled by the missForest imputation algorithm. In this way, a complete and clean time series describing the stable dynamics of power prices can be obtained. The decoupling between the stable motion and the turbulent motion allows us to define suitable jump-diffusion models of power prices and to provide an estimation procedure that uses the full information contained in both the stable and the turbulent dynamics.


All of Burke's major biographers have said that he edited Dodsley's Annual Register and wrote its famous Historical Article from 1758 to at least twenty-five years beyond that time. Such statements have been made without the support of an iota of evidence. As a result Burke's share in the Annual Register still remains to be determined. The subject has held the interest of contemporary scholars. Donald Cross Bryant in his account of Burke's literary friendships devotes a separate chapter to the problem. The most recent study of Burke, Thomas A. Copeland's Our Eminent Friend Edmund Burke (New Haven, 1949), contains two such chapters. The matter receives special consideration in Sir Philip Magnus' life of Burke, the latest biography as of today. Burke's other biographers were also interested in his editorship. Macknight observed that "the value ... of the Annual Registers to one who should undertake to write Burke's political history, cannot be exaggerated" (I, XI). Robert Murray says, "It is a valuable source of information on the growth of his thought from 1758 to 1791" (p. 83).


The Western honeybee, Apis mellifera, represents a relevant productive livestock due to both hive products and to its indispensable role as commercial pollinator of many agricultural crops. In addition, honeybees contribute to the pollination of wild flowers, thereby helping the maintenance of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Recently, the number of managed honeybee colonies has declined in both North America and Europe. Beside environmental causes, e.g. the loss of forage as a consequence of agricultural intensification, another cause is the increasing relevance of pests and diseases affecting honeybee colonies. In the honeybee, hygienic behaviour (HB) is a heritable phenotype that confers to the colony resistance to foulbrood diseases, chalkbrood, and the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Nurse bees manifesting HB are able to detect, uncap, and remove infested and/or parasitized pupae from the colony. The genetic and biochemical factors that drive the manifestation of this behaviour are under investigation. Therefore, the selection of such trait still relies on field assays. Heretofore, there are two main tests to measure HB: the Pin Killed Brood (PKB) test and the Freeze Killed Brood (FKB) test. Concerning the FKB test, a comparison between the standard FKB test and a variant of this method (E. Bonfanti) has been performed in order to optimize the methodology in terms of time, costs, feasibility and safety for the operator and to choose the best option for a subsequent large scale phenotypic characterization for genetic selection.


A method for quantifying the initial nucleic acid concentration from real-time nucleic acid amplification data is disclosed. The nucleic acid extracted from such organisms or viruses (DNA or RNA) to the amplification using the enzyme, and then, the number of amplification cycles that corresponds to the intensity of the half of the maximum fluorescence signal, except for background fluorescence signal or amplification time; Amplification cycle number or amplification time that corresponds to the maximum amplification efficiency; Background to calculate the intensity of the fluorescent signal of the nucleic acid before amplification except the fluorescence signal obtained for the initial concentration of the nucleic acid. Thus, without using the differential / integral method it can obtain the initial concentration of the nucleic acid. Be amplification cycles, the amplification time, the amount of amplification, fluorescent signal, the initial concentration, the amplification efficiency


The requirements of the WFD as well as substance emission modelling at the river basin scale require stable monitoring data for micro pollutants. The monitoring concepts applied by the local authorities as well as by many scientists use single sampling techniques. Samples from water bodies are usually taken in volumes of about one litre and depending on predetermined time steps or through discharge thresholds. For predominantly particle bound micro pollutants the small sample size of about one litre results in a very small amount of suspended particles. To measure micro pollutant concentrations in these samples is demanding and results in a high uncertainty of the measured concentrations, if the concentration is above the detection limit in the first place. In many monitoring programs most of the measured values were below the detection limit. This results in a high uncertainty if river loads were calculated from these data sets. The authors propose a different approach to gain stable concentration values for particle bound micro pollutants from river monitoring: A mixed sample of about 1000 L was pumped in a tank with a dirty-water pump. The sampling usually is done discharge dependant by using a gauge signal as input for the control unit. After the discharge event is over or the tank is fully filled, the suspended solids settle in the tank for 2 days. After this time a clear separation of water and solids can be shown. A sample (1 L) from the water phase and the total mass of the settled solids (about 10 L) are taken to the laboratory for analysis. While the micro pollutants can't hardly be detected in the water phase, the signal from the sediment is high above the detection limit, thus certain and very stable. From the pollutant concentration in the solid phase and the total tank volume the initial pollutant concentration in the sample can be calculated. If the concentration in the water phase is detectable, it can be used to correct the total load. This relatively low cost approach (less costs for analysis because of small sample number) allows to quantify the pollutant load, to derive dissolved-solid partition coefficients and to quantify the pollutant load in different particle size classes.


The vibration overstress of a computer module occurred in the random vibration test is introduced. Using the fault tree, the cause of the vibration overstress is analyzed and an engineering method is proposed to solve the problem.


In this article the decision of a three-dimensional problem of diffusion is considered by a recurrentlyoperational method which describes process of distribution of harmful impurity along a watercourse. The received numerical results on the COMPUTER where it is possible to define for what time are resulted there is a distribution and river clarification. The received results are illustrated in drawings.


The Case Managed Residential Care (CMRC) program, a social rehabilitation model, was implemented in a traditional medical environment as a response to the needs of homeless chem-cally dependent veterans, many of whom were also mentally ill. These veterans were resistant to traditional interventions and were frequently rejected or discharged prematurely by many community resources due to the facilities' inability to manage them and/or the veterans inability or unwillingness to participate. This paper describes the target population, the objectives of the research demonstration studying the experimental and customary treatments, and the theoretical foundations of treatment. Then it describes some of the key, practical issues involved in implementing the CMRC and draws implications useful for the treatment of this needy and underserved population.


Two alternative schemes for waste heat recovery from flue gases of boiler type BKZ 220-100 in the Stepnogorsk TPP (Kazakhstan) are presented. The technical solutions are innovative because they create conditions for deep heat recovery even when using battery emulsifiers to purify the gas flow. A characteristic feature of the schemes is the purification of a small part (10-15%) of the stream by means of a bag filter and the mixing of the stream with the main gas flow consisting of moist gases after a battery emulsifier. An analysis and assessment of the technical and economic feasibility of the implementation of the two alternatives has been carried out.


The objects shown in Figs. 1 and 2 were all found in a 'Phoenician' rock-tomb in a field to the south of Rabato, Malta. 'The tomb with vaulted ceiling was cut in the side of a hill. It contained cinerary urns with burnt bones, but no signs of bodies interred. Under a clay cup (Fig. lb), a gold medallion was found, on which the winged orb displayed over the half-moon, flanked by two serpents, is gracefully figured in a kind of filigree work. The medallion has a diameter of 25 mm. and weighs 6·3 grms. A similar medallion was found at Carthage (Douïmes) in 1895 and described by Delattre. With this medallion' (i.e. with the Maltese) 'a pair of silver bangles and fragments of two rings were found. Fragments of a small Greek vase were also discovered with the débris.' (Fig. 2.)


The invention relates to a small foldable metamaterial radio-frequency antenna which comprises a first feeder line, a second feeder line, a dielectric material, a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, wherein the first feeder line is electrically connected with the second feeder line, the first metal sheet is electrically connected with the second metal sheet, and the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are respectively arranged on the two surfaces of the dielectric material, and metal microstructures are engraved on the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet. The metal microstructures of a positive surface and a negative surface are connected through a metalized through hole or work in a capacitor coupling manner. The small foldable metamaterial radio-frequency antenna fully uses the space area of an antenna, and the antenna can work under lower working frequency; and the antennas of the small folding metamaterial radio-frequency antennas class meets requirements on antenna miniaturization, low working frequency and broadband multimode.


Both literature and philosophy, as genres of writing, can enable us to address important ontological, epistemological and ethical questions. One author who makes it possible for readers to bridge these two genres is Albert Camus. Nowhere is this more evident than in Camus' short novel, The Fall. The Fall, through the character and words of Jean‐Baptiste Clamence, prompts readers to reflect deeply on themselves, their motivations and commitments, and their relations with others. This paper discusses the origin and structure of the book, identifies some of its key philosophical themes, and explores some of its educational implications.


Sediment from an Intertidal Sandbank in Manukau Harbour, New Zealand. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 499. Skarphedinsdottir, H., et al. (1996) Seasonal Fluctuation of Tributyltin (TBT) and Dibutyltin (DBT) in the Dogwhelk, Nucella lapillus (L.), and the Blue Mussel, Mytilus edulis L., in Icelandic Waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 358. Smith, P.J. (1996) Selective Decline in Imposex Leve]s in the Dogwhelk Lepsiella scobina Following a Ban on the Use of TBT Antifou]ants in New Zealand. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 362. Spangenberg, J.V., and Cherr, G.N. (1996) Developmenta] Effects of Barium Exposure in a Marine Bivalve (Mytilus califomianus). Environ. Toxico!. Chern., 15, ]769. Stine, K.E., and Brown, T.M. (1996) Principles of Toxicology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla., 272. Stull, 1.K. (1995) Two Decades of Marine Biologica] Monitoring, Palos Verdes, California, 1972 to 1992. Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci., 94, 21. Stull, J.K., and Tang, c.-L. (1996) Demersal Fish Trawls off Palos Verdes, Southern California, 1973-1993. Calif. Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Rep., 37, 211. Summers, J.K., et a/. (1995) Monitoring the Ecological Condition of Estuaries in the United States. Toxico/. Environ. Chern., 49, 93. Swaileh, K.M. (1996) Seasonal Variations in the Concentrations ofCu, Cd, Pb and Zn in Arctica islandica L. (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Kiel Bay, Western Baltic Sea, Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 631. Sze, P.W.c., and Lee, S.Y. (1996) The Potential Role of Mucus in the Depuration of Copper from the Mussels Perma viridis. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 390. Tanabe, S., et a!. (1996) Enantiometric Ratios of a-Hexachlorocyclohexane in Blubber of Small Cetaceans. Mar. Pollur. Bull. (G.B.), 32,27. Tay]or, E.W., ed. (1996) Toxicology of Aquatic Pollution. Physiological, Molecular and Cellular Approaches. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 283. Tester, M., et al. (1996) Neogastropod Imposex for Monitoring Recovery from Marine TBT Contamination. Environ. Toxicol. Chern., 15, 560. Thompson, A., et al. (1996) Distribution of Chlorinated Biphenyls in Mussels and Sediments from Great Britain and the Irish Sea Coast. Mar. Pollur. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 232. Thrush, S.F., et al. (1995) The Impact of Habitat Disturbance by Scallop Dredging on Marine Benthic Communities: What Can Be Predicted from the Results of Experiments? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. (Ger.), 129, 141. Tortell, P.O., and Price, N.M. (1996) Cadmium Toxicity and Zinc Limitation on Centric Diatoms of the Genus Thalassiosira. Mar. Eco!' Prog. Ser. (Ger.), 138, 245. Usero, J., el al. (1996) Trace Metals in the Bivalve Mollusc Chamelea gallina from the Atlantic Coast of Southern Spain. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (G.B.), 32, 305. Van Bavel, B., et al. (1996) Level of PCBs in the Aquatic Environment


A time-frequency voiced model (TFVEX) is pro- posed for the excitation of a harmonic autoregressive (AR) wideband speech analysis-synthesis system, which is integrated with a previously proposed unvoiced time-frequency model in the time-frequency unvoiced-voiced excitation (TFUVEX) frame- work. The voiced component model has low time resolution defined by the concentration of the excitation signal distri bution in the modulation domain while the time-frequency unvoiced excitation (TFUNEX) model has cycle time discrimination with lower amplitude resolution and while the frequency resolution for both models is an octave in the high time resolution domain. The speech reconstructed by the compound TFUVEX model is rated above the speech degraded by a modulated noise reference unit (MNRU) at 25 dB in listening tests while yielding a parametric compression of over ten times.


According to the designing method of continuous beam and the principle of the theory,this paper introduces the conponent,functions and the theory of the continous beam designing.With the help of the CAD system, it improves the quality of our design greatly.We will also benefit from this system in the application. [


Road,as the infrastructure of national economic development,has played an increasingly significant role.The control on the quality of road engineering also becomes an exceedingly important task.Here the characteristics of construction quality control in a road project are analyzed,from the complexity of influence factors,the variability of quality,the disguise of quality,and the impossibility of dismantlement during quality inspection, the flow of road construction project is set up from three angles such as the prior control,middle control and subsequent control,and the quality control is made in the construction preparation stage,construction stage and acceptance stage.It is considered that the quality control during construction preparation stage includes the examination and verification of construction organization plan and contractors' qualification;the quality control during construction stage involves the establishment of quality control point,the implementation of working procedure quality control,the quality tracking supervision in construction process and the monitoring for contractor's quality control task;and the quality control during acceptance stage ranges over the construction achievement check,the audit of final completion,and the arrangement of profiles and data.


Momentum-space calculations exhibit two kinds of advantages over position space: First, the numerical solution of Hartree-Fock equation is feasible without expansion of the wave functions in a particular basis. Equations only exhibit one avoidable singularity even for the multicenter case. Several mathematical techniques are presented, including standard fast Fourier-transform (FFT) techniques and numerical calculation of the involved convolutions. Second, momentum representation contributes in an original way to a better understanding of several physical problems arising in quantum chemistry. The two-body density matrix involving the electronic correlation are examined in both position and momentum space. If an expansion in Gaussian functions is used, momentum space renders feasible the obtainment of a multidimensional fully correlated wave function, starting from the Hartree-Fock solution.


In this work, the development of engineered silicon substrates for a novel via-middle TSV integration concept is demonstrated. These substrates include 3D buried etch-stop layers which provide both an ideal vertical and lateral etch-stop for TSV trench etching thus enabling the simultaneous realization of different size of TSVs on the same silicon substrate. Beside standard BiCMOS and TSV fabrication steps, only a low-temperature fusion bonding process is applied and the integration concept is realized without adding an additional mask to the established BiCMOS via-middle TSV technology. As a result, the developed technique is very promising to realize different dimensions of TSVs on the same substrate for future smart system applications.


Cloud computing has made it feasible to access various IT resources through a high speed network from anywhere in the world. Constant increasing demand of cloud computing is equally popular in consumers as well as providers. But along with advancement every technology is also associated with some ill effects. On same path, cloud computing also accompanies a serious issue with it and that issue is energy consumption. In this paper Firefly Algorithm has been selected as a proposed bio-inspired approach to perform load balancing to reduce energy consumption in cloud data center. Further, the results are compared with Particle Swarm optimization Algorithm (PSO). The energy consumed in case of Firefly Algorithm is less than energy consumed in PSO Algorithm.


With the winter semester 2015/2016, after two years of intense contentual and operational planning, the start of the legally new composed teacher training program in the Bachelor-Master studies composition took place in the south-east development compound (four universities and four pedagogical colleges in the states of Styria, Carinthia and Burgenland): Since then, five semesters have passed and first experiences in terms of specific implementation have been acquired: Time to filter out new and successful aspects as well as problematic aspects in the sense of a critical contemplation, focused on crucial sub-areas, and to face the people acting in the system.


Objective: To study the expression and function of family of development control gene PAX2, PCNA and nm23 and research their relations in renal cell carcinoma. Methods: PAX2, PCNA and nm23 from 44 specimens of patients with renal cell carcinoma and 11 beside the carcinoma tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry (SP method). Results: Positive rate of PAX2 ,PCNA and nm23 lies significant difference between renal cell carcinoma and tissues beside the carcinoma(P 0. 05). By statistics , PAX2 expression rate was di-verse(P 0. 05) between stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,Ⅳ. It seemed that higher the stages of renal carcinoma , higher was PAX2 expression rate. As to PCNA, its expression was higher in advanced pathologic grade and clinical stage than in lower grades and stages,the rate was diverse(P 0. 05). However, on the contrary, with the advance of the pathologic grade and clinical stage , the expression rate of nm23 decreased significantly(P 0. 05). There woulde be some correlation between PAX, and nm23 , as well as PCNA and nm23(P0. 05). Conclusion: All the PAX2 ,PCNA and nm23 are involved in the formation and development of the carcinoma ,effect each other. In our opinioning,it is more significant that detect them together than only one in diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma and judging the state of the carcinoma malig-nance.


As for the electrically large scale target, the radar received signal is equivalent to the contribution of several scattering centers. Since the strong sparsity of the radar received signal in image domain, this work implements the $L_{1/2}$ regularization into the ISAR image reconstruction under down-sampling. Point scatterers are used to validate the results.


In this study, change of hydration property with contents and type of gypsum in ternary natural hydraulic lime containing blast furnace slag and gypsum was investigated. Anhydrite, hemihydrate and dihydrate were added 3 % and 10 %, respectively in natural hydraulic lime adding blast furnace slag 20 %. Hydration and physical behavior due to solubility and reactivity of different types of gypsum were analyzed in early hydration. As a result of analysis of hydration properties, in all samples, hydrates such as ettringite and C-S-H were produced in early hydration, and amount of hydrates with increase of hydration time was increased. In the case of compressive strength, when contents of gypsum are 3 %, it was higher compressive strength than other specimens. At hydration 28 days, for addition of anhydrite and hemihydrate, compressive strength was more than adding dihydrate.


A fractal feature may be analyzed spectrally and spatially due to the"combination of spectrum and image"character inhered in hyperspectral images.The blanket method used for computing fractal dimension of surface is transferred to calculating fractal dimension of curves of Hyperion image.Up and down fractal signature for each scale is calculated based on the hyperspectral curve of each pixel.The fractal signature and their corresponding scale are analyzed.The result shows that fractal signature changes obviously at some special scales for different targets.As for the Hyperion data,the down fractal signature is more salient for effectively discriminating targets.A brief discussion about the relation of fractal feature scale with up and down fractal signature,initial calculating scale and number of samples is presented at the end of this paper.


5 The Use of Motivational Interviewing to Increase Compliance for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Treatment Rena "Liz" Courtney 11 TORCH Infections: A Review of Current Research and Implications for Psychologists Garry Wright 20 Match(Brain).com: A Review of the Neurochemical Foundations for the Behaviors Associated With Lust, Attraction, and Attachment Nicolas Gala 26 Audism: A Review Yasmeen Alashawi


. The quantitive changes of protein fractions of piglets in the neonatal period were de-fined, the research being based on 2 groups of Polish Landrace piglets. The first group consisted of piglets 12 hours old while in the second group 2 weeks old. Total protein concentration was measured in all examined sera premising the electrophoresis and densitometric reading. Signif-icant differences in serum protein fraction concentration were observed between the first and the second group. The contradistinction in serum protein concentration was confirmed in albumin and γ-globulin fractions. The mean albumin concentration in the 12 hour old piglet was 13,5 gL and in 2 week old 29,07 gL. The mean difference in γ-globulin concentration between the groups was 21,35 gL. Moreover, great variability was observed according to albumin and γ-globulin fractions in piglets of the same age. The differences were as follow: 22,66 gL – albumin, 22,02 gL – γ-globulin fraction in 12 hour old piglets and 14,01 gL – albumin, 9,69 gL – γ-globu-lin fraction in 2 week old animals.


This article substantiates that moral thinking of a teacher as practical thinking, when it is included in his activity of creating a space of morality, which is the moral relationship between a teacher and students, is a practical way of thinking and is included in the types of thought processes according to the way of cognition and generalization of objects and phenomena of the world, which includes the theoretical and practical thinking.


Hybrid courses are becoming increasingly common at the university level. With this type of course comes questions about the effectiveness of each method of instruction (faceto-face and online) when used concurrently. The available literature supports a hybrid format for many university subjects; however, research in this area with a personal health course is lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a significant difference in knowledge gained through each method of instruction experienced by students in a foundations curriculum personal health course. The hybrid design of the course in this study allowed for analysis between face-to-face and online instruction within the same group of students. Results from a two-way ANOVA show no statistically significant difference between knowledge gained through each method of instruction. The findings support the use of a hybrid format in personal health courses and future studies to determine what makes these hybrid health courses most effective.


Over the years, research has continuously emphasized that economic calamities are negatively correlated with the mental stability of public. Psychologists and sociologists continue to probe downturns influence of economic crisis on mental health and propose social protection programs to promote recovery. The problem, however, is that more than having a social recovery program, it requires personal level efforts to realize and understand what may be coming ahead and rationally solving it, by being more in control of the situation. Considering this context, there are various aims of this paper to evaluate theoretical as well as conceptual illustrations on the reasons behind the negative associations of an economic downturn on population's mental stability, followed by closely examining critical mental distress factors as well as economic distress factors and establishing connection through literature analysis. The study proposes a framework to intelligently detect economic distress in real time and successfully link it with human distress factors to predict any anticipated alleviation in stress level. The proposed framework is based on cloud architecture and uses software application that will perform intelligent data mining for knowledge acquisition purpose.


The CLIC Tracker Detector (CLICTD) is a monolithic pixel sensor featuring pixels of 30 μm × 37.5 μm and a small collection diode. The sensor is fabricated in a 180 nm CMOS imaging process, using two different pixel flavours: the first with a continuous n-type implant for full lateral depletion, and the second with a segmentation in the n-type implant for accelerated charge collection. Moreover, CLICTD features an innovative sub-pixel segmentation scheme that allows the digital footprint to be reduced while maintaining a small sub-pixel pitch. In this contribution, test-beam measurements for the pixel flavour with the segmented n-implant are presented. The performance is evaluated in terms of time and spatial resolution as well as efficiency. Furthermore, the test-beam data is compared to simulation studies using a combination of 3D TCAD and Monte Carlo simulation tools.


Whole Powder Pattern Modelling (WPPM) has been recently proposed as a self- consistent low-bias technique for the microstructural investigation of nanocrystalline materi- als. Through WPPM, a set of physical parameters actually describing the Fourier transform of diffraction line profiles, can be easily extracted from the diffraction data. In order to cope with the need for a higher flexibility (to test, compare and use new line broadening models) and with the request for additional features, the existing code imple- menting WPPM has been redesigned and improved. The result is a general tool for nonlinear least squares minimisation, highly problem- independent and user-customisable through the use of macros or by a custom software de- velopment kit. A set of libraries have been written in the form of plug-ins, actually imple- menting WPPM and the microstructural models proposed in the literature. The work shows software architecture and examples of application of the program to real cases of study.


The paper addresses software implementation of large sparse systems of Boolean functions. Fast evaluation of such functions with the smallest memory consumption is often required in embedded systems. A new heuristic method of obtaining compact representation of sparse Boolean functions in a form of linked tables is described that can be used for BDD minimization as well. Evaluation of Boolean functions reduces to multiple indirect memory accesses. The method is compared to other techniques like a walk through a BDD or a list search and is illustrated on examples. The presented method is flexible in making trade-offs between performance and memory consumption and may be thus useful for embedded microprocessor or microcontroller software


We generalize Calabi-Yau 3-folds from the special Lagrangian perspective. More precisely, we study SU(3)-structures which admit as "nice" a local special Lagrangian geometry as the flat $\mathbf{C}^3$ or a Calabi-Yau structure does. The underlying almost complex structure may not be integrable. Such SU(3)-structures are called {\it admissible}. Among these, we are particularly interested in a subclass of SU(3)-structures called {\it nearly Calabi-Yau}. We discuss the local generalities of admissible SU(3)-structures and nearly Calabi-Yau structures in Cartan's sense. Examples of nearly Calabi-Yau but non-Calabi-Yau structures as well as other admissible SU(3)-structures are constructed from the twistor spaces of self-dual Einstein 4-manifolds. Two classes of examples of complete special Lagrangian submanifolds are found by considering the anti-complex involution of the underlying SU(3)-structures. We finally show that the moduli space of compact special Lagrangian submanifolds in a nearly Calabi-Yau manifold behaves in the same way as the moduli in the Calabi-Yau case.


The present article aims at making a re-reading of the Brazilian novel Macunaima based on a dialogue between the Social Sciences (in particular Anthropology) and Literature, seeking a better understanding of this object and the concept of culture. In an attempt to address such proposal, this article analyses the Modernism and its relation with modernity, through a discussion anchored in some works carried out by authors of Philosophy (such as Cornelius Castoriadis) and others studies offered by the sociological thought (Gilberto Velho, among others). Summing up, the objective is to highlight the construction of Brazilian cultural identity, having as a reference the contributions of Macunaima.


Total phosphorus was set as a target indicator to prevent eutrophication and algae growth, etc., in three major rivers (Nakdong River, Geum River and Yeongsang/Seomjin River) for the second phase (2011 ∼ 2015) in total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) system. However, total phosphorus management was restrictively introduced, i.e., upstream of the Lake Daechung, in the Geum River watershed. Total phosphorus concentration and trophic levels in downstream of the Lake Daechung (include Mangyeong and Dongjin rivers) were increased more than upstream. Therefore, it is necessary to expand total phosphorus management in all watersheds of the Geum River. If total phosphorus was managed in all area of the Geum River watershed, it is possible to decrease total phosphorus concentration and trophic levels, and solve the unbalanced water quality between up and downstream of the Lake Daechung.


On their way from the Stone Age via the Agricultural Revolution to current high-tech conditions, humans lost their primal foraging behavior. Today, energy expenditure is not necessary anymore for gathering nor hunting, and metabolic diseases are epidemically arising wherever our original Paleolithic lifestyle is turning into a modern sedentary lifestyle. In this pilot study, we followed through the concept that a radical change towards a Paleolithic hunter-gatherer lifestyle could serve as therapy against any metaflammatory disease, even in the short term. Thirteen healthy adult volunteers were transferred to the DELUX National Park (Germany and Luxembourg) for four days and three nights, where Stone Age conditions where mimicked. Thirty-eight biochemical and bioelectrical parameters were measured from participants before and after this relocation. Body weight (-3,9%), body fat (-7,5%), body mass index (-3,8%), visceral fat area (-14,4%) and metaflammation-related parameters (fasting glucose = -18,2%; fasting insulin = -50,1%; HOMA = -57,8%) decreased significantly. C-reactive protein, as the main indicator for low-grade inflammation, increased up to an average of 169,6 %. Our data show that returning to our Paleolithic roots may have positive effects on risk factors commonly associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. These findings may lead the way to further research to answer the question whether the already existing metabolic conditions and/or autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases could be influenced by a Paleolithic lifestyle.


ABSTRACT: Using a recently expanded dataset on supplier-customer links, we introduce a dynamic relationship life-cycle hypothesis. We hypothesize that the relation between customer-base concentration and profitability is significantly negative in the early years of the relationship, but becomes positive as the relationship matures. The key driver of this dynamic is the customer-specific investments that the relationship entails. These investments result in larger fixed costs, greater operating leverage, and a higher probability of losses early in the relationship, but can significantly benefit the firm as the relationship matures. Although many of these money-losing firms in early-stage relationships were not studied in Patatoukas (2012), we find a market reaction to increases in customer concentration similar to that in his paper. This result provides powerful confirmatory evidence of the value of customer concentration. We document one of the intangible benefits of customer concentration, technology sha...


In order to introduce this special issue of Contexto Internacional, we first seek to provide a panoramic understanding of the Latin American political landscape. Next, we consider the new (and not so new) development strategies adopted by Latin American states, and their implications for foreign policy and international relations. Following this, we offer a brief review of the literature on Latin American foreign policy analysis and some of the theoretical and methodological challenges facing the study of Latin American international relations, thus providing a context for a deeper understanding of the contributions to this special issue. Put differently, our objective is to provide readers with a general idea of the reasons why foreign policy has met, should have met, or has been expected to meet social demands in contemporary Latin America.


The study examines whether adolescent twins' attachment style mediates the association between their perceptions of differential parental treatment and their reported adjustment. Data from a survey of 174 adolescent twins are used to assess the links between twins' reports of differential parental affection and differential parental control, their attachment style, and their reported personal self-esteem, social self-esteem, and anxiety. Twins' reports of having been disfavored in comparison with their co-twin were associated with attachment insecurity, anxiety, and lower personal self-esteem. Attachment was found to mediate the association between the twins' reports of differential parental affection and their reported anxiety and personal self-esteem. The strongest evidence for mediation was found for twins' reports of differential maternal affection in predicting adolescent twins' anxiety.


This paper presents a new diffusion coefficient which is based on second order derivative and local entropy information for image denoising. In the proposed model, a second order derivative term is introduced, which reduces the staircasing effect and preserves edge in a processed image. The local entropy information can preserve texture. The Perona–Malik model with a new diffusion coefficient improves the denoised effects, and prevents edges from being over-smoothed. Comparative experiments show that the proposed model obtains more satisfied results than the other two existing models.


OBJECTIVE
Individuals are able to recognize common objects even when portions of them are obscured from view, reflecting the operation of neural perceptual closure processes. This study evaluates the integrity of object recognition and perceptual closure as a function of sensory and cognitive manipulations.

METHOD
Object recognition was examined in 26 subjects with schizophrenia and 23 nonpsychiatric comparison subjects of similar age with a presentation of fragmented pictures by means of the ascending method of limits. The effects of prior exposure to subsets of stimuli and of word prompting were examined in separate testing phases. Demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated as covariates.

RESULTS
Although they had impairments in perceptual closure, schizophrenic patients showed improvement in performance equivalent to that of nonpatient comparison subjects with prior exposure to the pictures (i.e., repetition priming) and with presentation of valid word prompts. A significant correlation was found between impaired performance and the severity of negative symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS
The results support models of widespread dysfunction in information processing in patients with schizophrenia involving both sensory and cognitive regions. Perceptual closure is significantly impaired in schizophrenic patients; however, this deficit in sensory precision is dissociated from the effects of higher-order repetition priming and word prompting. Furthermore, this work suggests that deficits in perceptual closure may contribute to the muted world experience of patients with the persistent negative symptoms of schizophrenia.


Abstract Objective: To describe Burkholderia cepacia contamination of a cornea bank and the measures taken to identify and eliminate the source of infection. Methods: Cultures were performed to assess the extent and source of contamination, and pulsed-fleld gel electrophoresis was used for molecular typing. Results: Routine surveillance cultures identified 5 contaminated corneas during a 10-day period. Additional cultures showed that 28 of 88 samples were positive for this organism. Environmental investigation showed that an open bottle of trypan blue used to assess corneal morphology was contaminated with the epidemic strain. Conclusion: Trypan blue played a major role in this contamination of corneas. This episode shows that microbial contamination can affect transplanted corneas despite ongoing culture surveillance and suggests that new methods may be needed to avoid this risk.


The Möbius strip, torus, and Klein bottle are used to graphically and analytically illustrate the differences between orientable and non-orientable surfaces. An exercise/laboratory project using the non-orientable Boy surface is included.


In addition, he deals with the development of these concepts in Roman and canon law and in the practices of the emerging states of France and England and the Italian city-states, as well as considering works in legal and administrative theory and constitutional documents. In each case his interpretations are placed in the wider contexts of developments in law, church, and administrative reform. The result is the first complete study of these three crucial terms as used in the Middle Ages, as well as an excellent summary of work done in a number of specialized fields over the last twenty-five years. The book is of considerable importance not only to medieval studies but to the history of political theory and to political theory itself. It brings together and explains the relevance of a vast amount of material previously known only to a few specialists, documenting Monahan's argument that later political thought has been significantly influenced by medieval formulations of the concepts of consent, coercion, and limit.


(57) Abstract: Ion beam deposition method for producing coated substrates wear resistance and service life are improved is provided. According to this method, in order to remove contaminants and chemical cleaning of the substrate to the first. In the second step, by introducing a substrate into the vacuum chamber, degassing the chamber. In a third step, in order to activate the surface to assist in the removal of residual hydrocarbons and surface oxides, attack the substrate surface with strong ion. After the substrate surface has been sputter-etching, the protective, abrasion resistant coating is deposited by ion beam deposition. Ion beam deposition coating has one or more layers. If so the choice of coating thickness is carried out, ends the process of deposition on the substrate, the pressure in the vacuum chamber is raised to atmospheric pressure, take out the products that are improved coating wear resistance from the vacuum chamber. Coated substrates of the present invention smile are useful plastic sunglass lenses, ophthalmic lenses, as a bar code scanner windows, and abrasion and industrial parts to be protected from abrasion.


The main objective of this study was to compare mouthguard use in match play and contact training in professional rugby league players and to ascertain the reasons for any differences. A secondary objective was to determine the self-reported incidence of dental and/or oral injuries and when they occurred. Mouthguard use in contact training sessions was found to be very low compared to match play. The main reason found for this was that players were not worried about getting injured whilst training However, a considerable number of players had been injured during contact training sessions. Given their established protective role, the use of mouthguards in contact training and match play should be encouraged Players' attitudes towards mouthguard use while training should be addressed. Recommendations are made in light of the findings of the study as to how this could be achieved


We are convinced that confidence is the necessary mental trait of the students who want to accomplish good achievements.But most vocational school students lack it.This article analyzes the cause of the problem and puts forward the strategy of traing the confidece of the Higher Vocational and Technical Education students by reforming the curriculum,construting the cumpus culture and changing the appraising mode.


FIELD: mechanical engineering; diagnosing facilities for internal combustion engines, reduction gears and metal cutting machine tools. SUBSTANCE: polymeric material holder 9 is placed in housing 1 of piezoelectric vibratory converter. Holder plays part of filter. One part of piezoelement 11 placed in slot of holder is tightly clamped between two current collecting plates 10, and other part remains free. Holder 9 with piezoelement 11 is placed to thrust between vibroprobe 3 and screw 6 adjusting sensitivity of vibratory converter inside housing 1. Free fitting of holder 9 inside housing 1, except for two points of contact, permits piezocrystal to form quality vibration signal getting along vibroprobe 3 through surface of holder 9 to sensitive element 11 of vibration converter. Wave of deformations passing through vibroprobe 3, preserving high intensity of mechanical waves, gets to surface of holder 9 where it gets dispersed, and forming of required (useful) vibration pulse takes place. Quality formed pulse gets to surface of piezoelement 11. Holder 9 with piezocrystal 11 is arranged inside housing 1 to prevent influence of temperature on results of measurement. Attachment of vibration converter on surface of housing of mechanism under checking at moment of taking the information is provided by means of magnetic plates 4 secured on body of metal disk 2. Vibroprobe 3 comes in contact with part of mechanism under checking through hole in guide bushing 13. Minimum clearance is provided between surface of disk 2 with magnetic plates 4 and surface of guide bushing 13, as contact between these parts wile affect quality forming of resultant signal. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 3 dwg


Lyall & Kelly ( Psychiatric Bulletin, August 2007, 31 , [297-300][1]) looked at patterns of admission for people with learning disability to specialist psychiatric beds and highlighted the lack of community resources as a cause of delayed discharge. We performed a survey of patterns of admission and


What's the best way to allocate investment from a large corporate innovation budget to properly balance production and production capacity investments?


Supervisors are parties who are expected to provide professional development for teachers in teaching and learning activities and provide the latest information related to educational policies, provide alternative solutions when schools have difficulty improving quality or running educational programs. However, limited attention is paid to primary school supervision issues during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This article discusses the implementation of primary school supervision in Bontang City during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method is used to describe the conditions that occurred at the time the research was conducted and then examine the causes of the conditions under study. Then, the researcher also explained how the supervisory plan for monitoring, implementing and evaluating Bontang City elementary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results showed that school supervision during the pandemic was not carried out properly. The implementation of supervision does not follow the supervisor's technical instructions during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the supervision process does not provide real implications for the implementation of effective learning.


JHK photometry has been obtained for 44 faint carbon stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud and the classification by medium-dispersion spectroscopy for 31 of them is confirmed. The majority of the stars (28) have bolometric absolute magnitudes between -3 and -1.7 mag and log T eff ≥ 3.55


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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of hereditary chronic anemias that manifest essentially as painful crisis and susceptibility to infection. Neonatal screening is a preventive action that reduces the rates of mortality due to complications arising from infections by encouraging early prophylactic penicillin use and pneumococcal vaccination. The purpose of this pilot study was to set up a neonatal screening protocol at a lower cost than one that uses commercially available screening kits. DESIGN AND SETTING Pilot study conducted over 1 year in two Tunis maternity hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS Samples from 9148 newborns were collected using paper printed using a common office printer to collect blood spots from the newborns. A lab-prepared agarose gel for isoelectrofocusing (IEF) was used to test the dried blood samples from these newborns. RESULTS The IEF on lab-prepared agarose gels was efficient since it was able to detect the main abnormal Hbs previously identified in the Tunisian population (HbS, HbC, HbO, and HbG). Furthermore, when data collected in this screening program were compared with the previously established national data, no statistically significant differences were found. After analysis, results were given back to the families of the patients, and the major Hb cases were directed to one of the hemoglobinopathies specialized centers, where at-risk couples benefited from genetic counselling and were informed about the possibility of prenatal diagnosis. CONCLUSION This pilot experiment demonstrated the feasibility of SCD neonatal detection using a lower cost method as well as detection of other main structural Hb variants.


In this paper, starting with a simple model, we provide an explanation for the frequency spectra of both broad-band density fluctuations and quasi-coherent fluctuations(QCF), which have been observed in H-mode discharges, through drift wave instabilities near the plasma edge.


In this paper, a novel bilateral teleoperation system with communication delay is proposed. Master and slave controllers of proposed structure have compensators to deal with packet loss and communication blackout. In addition, two communication lines are used to transmit position and force information between master and slave. Proposed control structure has robustness against packet loss and communication blackout. If communication blackout occurs, bilateral teleoperation system works normally. The validity of the proposed method is shown by numerical and experimental results.


Kovar pins were attached to tungsten-metallized, alumina ceramic packages with Ag-Cu alloys using a wide range of brazing process parameters that were systematically varied in a designed experiment. The impact of the brazing thermal process, furnace atmosphere, brazing filler metal composition, and brazing filler metal quantity on the performance of ceramic pin-grid arrays was assessed through mechanical and environmental tests. Metallographic analyses revealed that a wide range of brazement microstructure, macrostructure, and base metal interaction were produced


Comparative study was conducted on morphofunctional parameters of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under diverse supplementary lighting conditions – electrodeless lamps (EL), high-pressure mercury arc lamps (HPM) and high-pressure sodium arc lamps (HPS). The work showed, that plants, cultivated under 5,000 lux EL lighting, had higher morphometric parameters, their leaves contained more chlorophyll, and they were outgrown, in comparison to plants, growth in HPS and HPM lighting conditions. These results demonstrate the profitableness of EL light flux, which contains constant PAR spectrum, for tomato plants growth and development.


Mycogone perniciosa is the main causative agent of wet bubble disease, which causes severe damage to the production of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus around the world. Whole-genome sequencing of twelve isolates of M. perniciosa was performed using the Illumina sequencing platform, and the obtained paired-end reads were used to assemble complete mitochondrial genomes. Intraspecific comparisons of conserved protein-coding genes, tRNA and rRNA genes, introns, and intergenic regions were conducted. Five different mtDNA haplotypes were detected among the tested isolates, ranging from 89,080 bp to 93,199 bp in length. All the mtDNAs contained the same set of 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs) and 2 rRNA and 27 tRNA genes, which shared high sequence similarity. In contrast, the number, insertion sites, and sequences of introns varied greatly among the mtDNAs. Eighteen out of 43 intergenic regions differed among the isolates, reflecting 65 SNPs, 76 indels, and the gain/loss of 9 long fragments. Intraspecific comparison revealed that two introns were located within tRNA genes, which is the first detailed description of mitochondrial tRNA introns. Intronic sequence comparison within the same insertion sites revealed the formation process of two introns, which also illustrated a fast evolutionary rate of introns among M. perniciosa isolates. Based on the intron distribution pattern, a pair of universal primers as well as four pairs of isolate-specific primers were designed, and were used to identify the five mtDNA types. In summary, the rapid gain or loss of mitochondrial introns could be an ideal marker for population genetics analysis.


Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative microaerobic bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria, can colonize in the stomach and duodenum, and cause a series of gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcer and even gastric cancer. At present, the high diversity of the microorganisms in the stomach has been confirmed with culture-independent methods; some researchers have also studied the stomach microbiota composition at different stages of H. pylori carcinogenesis. Here, we mainly review the possible role of H. pylori-mediated microbiota changes in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer to provide new ideas for preventing H. pylori infection and regulating microecological imbalance.


The crystal structure of xylamidine, C 19 H 25 N 2 O 2 + .C 7 H 7 O 3 S − .H 2 O, a peripheral 5-HT 2 receptor antagonist, is reported. The xylamidinium cation is folded with an almost parallel arrangement of the aromatic rings


An experiment on effect of sowing dates to different wheat varieties was conducted. The sowing dates of S2 (1st week of December) was found superior for growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat. The wheat variety Tapowan was found better to sowing date of 1st week of December with regards to growth and yield attributes (43.28 q ha-1). Economically Tapowan wheat variety in S2 (1st week of December) sowing date attained higher gross (72318 ` ha-1), net monetary returns (36517 ` ha-1) and B:C ratio 2.02.


BENJAMIN FRANKLIN's experiments on heat absorption were performed by placing on snow some black and white objects and pieces of cloth dyed in several colors, and then observing the degree to which the snow was melted under each specimen. In an earlier article in Isis,' the dates of these experiments were discussed in relation to the published and manuscript versions. The printed account appeared for the first time in the fourth edition of Franklin's book on electricity (London, 1769)2 as part of a letter to Miss Mary Stevenson dated 20 September I76I. In this letter Franklin discussed "the different degrees of heat imbibed from the sun's rays by cloths of different colours," and referred to "my experiments," but he did not claim that the discovery of this effect had been made by him: he said only that he had made an experiment on this subject. Two memoranda of the experiments exist, one by Franklin's fellow Junto member, Joseph Breintnal, the other written in an unidentified hand. The latter is dated 25 January I736/7; the former 3 August 1737, containing an account of experiments performed on 26 January I736 (I737 N.S.).3 In the introductory remarks to Breintnal's memorandum of 3 August I737, Breintnal said that these experiments he had been "induced to make" and "lately to repeat" from "some hints given me by Benjamin Franklin" and from observing that a woman's hands had been "burnt" by wearing black gloves, that in "the warm islands" people wear "whitish cloths," and that a small magnifying glass will burn stained paper but not white paper. Breintnal said that the original experiments had been made "about seven years ago." Since Franklin described the experiment to Miss Stevenson as "my experiment," and since Breintnal said that Franklin had suggested that he do the experiment, it can be assumed that either Franklin performed the experiment and suggested that Breintnal repeat it, or that Franklin knew the result in advance of experimentation and devised the form of the experiment for Breintnal to perform. The actual experiment, in the two descriptions of Breintnal, produced "six degrees of melting down or sinking in the snow." He used "bitts of linnen, silk, leather, paper, woollen cloth, feathers, & other materials." In


Policies and procedures of state highway agencies for articulating geotechnical information and requirements on design–build (DB) projects are the means to manage the geotechnical risk. Successful approaches and practices to managing geotechnical risk not only reduce the level of geotechnical uncertainty for both the owner and the competing design–builder but also distribute the remaining geotechnical risk between the parties. Discussed here are the differences with regard to geotechnical risk management, aspects of the DB procurement process, and contract aspects between state departments of transportation (DOTs) with experience delivering projects using the DB process versus those that are not as experienced. Results are presented from two independent sources of information: one was obtained through a literature review of aspects related to geotechnical requirements and management of DB projects and the other was obtained through an online survey of 38 state DOTs. Results of the study statistically demonstrate the value of DB experience in managing geotechnical risk and, accordingly, a set of recommended practices for agencies that are relatively new to DB project delivery, during both procurement and contract formation, is presented.


The paper focuses on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the shifting from a predominance of overnight tourists to a predominance of excursions in Venice. The analytical and logical framework was set up in order to develop a useful instrument to delineate marketing policies and to indicate possible instruments aimed at controlling excessive visitor flows in the historic centre. Thus, because of the need to know the new trends in tourism in Venice and the characteristics of visitors, a new survey was carried out from August 1989 to July 1990 in St. MarkAEs Square. The LOGIT model has been applied to the results of the survey in order to investigate the main characteristics of the visitors with respect to their origin and socioeconomic profile, their preferences and their holiday decisions. The ogrossing upo methodology of the results of the survey enables us to estimate the total amount and the structure of visitors per year, and thus to estimate the daily level of nights/days in the historic centre.


Based on weighted block sparse recovery, a high resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm is proposed for data with unknown mutual coupling. In our proposed method, a new block representation model based on the array covariance vectors is firstly formulated to avoid the influence of unknown mutual coupling by utilizing the inherent structure of the steering vector. Then a weighted 1l -norm penalty algorithm is proposed to recover the block sparse matrix, in which the weighted matrix is constructed based on the principle of a novel Capon space spectrum function for increasing the sparsity of solution. Finally, the DOAs can be obtained from the position of the non-zero blocks of the recovered sparse matrix. Due to the use of the whole received data of array and the enhanced sparsity of solution, the proposed method effectively avoids the loss of the array aperture to achieve a better estimation performance in the environment of unknown mutual coupling in terms of both spatial resolution and accuracy. Simulation experiments show the proposed method achieves better performance than other existing algorithms to minimize the effects of unknown mutual coupling.


This paper analyzes the static error of a class of second-order mechanical systems with PD control caused by dry friction. The results show that if the closed-loop system is over damped or critically damped, the static servo error may be the largest for the motion starting from the steady state. While the static servo error can be regulated according to the initial condition, if the closed-loop system is under damped. Finally, the simulations for a simple one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) mass-spring system are carried out to illustrate our results.


In preparation for surgery of the colon and rectum 50 patients were fed an oral balanced synthetic diet. Additionally, antibiotics were administered. With the exception of 4 patients the bowel was completely free from faeces. During the preoperative period, averaging 5 days, no pathological laboratory findings were observed. On the 5th day of the oral diet feeding there was a total N-retention rate of +2,8 +/- 1,2 N/day.


One of the key challenges with the development of hybrid electric vehicles is the noise, vibration, and harsh behavior, specifically the uncomfortable ride experience during launch. This paper focuses on the driveline vibration caused by the quick response of the traction motor in the launch condition of hybrid electric vehicles. A torsional vibration differential equation for frequency analysis, including a Ravigneaux planetary gear set, a reducer, a differential, half shafts, and wheels, is thus built. Based on the equation, many components of the power-split system are simplified to make the controller design easy. Finally, wave superposition control strategy has been proposed to suppress the vibration, in which the concept is delaying part of the input to superimpose with the original input to eliminate the output wave. In order to optimize the control effect, parameters of the controller are chosen according to the system response. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that wave superposition control strategy is effective in attenuating the vibration generated by hybrid electric vehicles during launch conditions.


The famous scholar in Qing Dynasty ,RUAN Yuan established a new type of school, GUJING JINGSHE and XUEHAITANG , aiming at training talents who could be of great use of the society. In the schools, the education thoughts of combination of ability and integrity , teaching according to students' aptitude, freedom in learning and research, seeking truth from facts and studying for the sake of application are all advocated and combination of teaching and research is practiced, and the teaching system of getting rid of the old and establishing the new and recommending and electing the "top learners" (the masters in learning ) Are established. RAN Yuan initiates the ideas of practice and developing students' practical ability. All these thoughts and practice have a profound influence on the education in late QING Dynasty, so he has an outstanding contribution to China's education.


In the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , allylstannane coupled efficiently with oxatricyclic [m.3.1.0] bromo-decenones and bromo-undecenones to afford the corresponding 1,4-dienes in excellent yields.


The purpose of this research is: 1) To know and analyze about enclaving on the cultivation rights title as a land source for low-income people housing development, 2) To know and analyze the role of the regional government in spatial planning organizing on cultivation rights title of the enclave of the land as a land source for low-income people housing development.This research use normative legal research method with qualitative approach. The results of this research is: 1) enclaving on the prolongation or renewal of the cultivation rights title can be used as a land source for the housing development for low-incomwe people, with a terms that its still concerned with the suitability and design on the spatial planning in that area, 2) regional governments as the representatives of the state in the regions authorized in planning, utilizing and controlling spatial in their regions, especially on the regional spatial planning policies, granting licenses, and giving punishment to anyone who violating the regional regulations. enclaving on the cultivation rights title as a land source for low-income people housing development must suitable with the spatial allocation that allows housing / flats to be built.


For estimating regression function we can use many proceedings. In this paper, we have chosen to apply scaling functions to the estimation of regression functions. When one knows many bivariate date with the values of two variables, in the goal to express a correlation between the two variables we use the regression function. The raw estimator of this function must be "smoothed out" in some way to get a final estimator. For this, we use the scaling functions, examples of such function being the Battle-LemariA© family and Daubechies family. After introducing several notions (multiresolution analysis, filter and projection of function onto approximation spaces), these are applied to obtain the estimators. In the last part, we present the algorithm for estimating nonparametric regression function through the scaling functions.


Strength of country depends on its public\'s finance condition. Recently most of European\'s governments had a problem with the budget and the public debt. The same circumstances were in Polish public finance. In 2010 expenditures exceeded incomes, value of the budget deficit was about 45 billion zlotys. In compliance with ESA 95 standard the general government deficit reach almost 111.5 billion zlotys. That situation had impact to the public debt which amount 748.5 billion (the general government debt amount 778.2 billion zlotys). Although Poland had met convergence criterion, the public finance need reforms. In the article were presented three solutions. First of all, expenditures connected with the public administration and government consumption should be reduced. Secondly, reasonable cuts of benefits, especially unemployment benefits and groundless benefits, could bring savings which will be transferred to institution thatmanage the vocational activation. In the third place, the pension system needs intense reforms. System should be standardize and all of privileges have to be eliminated. Those solutions would be the beginning of greater changes.