This coda concludes the book by examining how the United States and its Southeast Asian allies responded to the fall of Saigon to communist forces in 1975. It shows that the regimes of the arc of containment did not proceed to topple like dominoes to communist factions at home, or bow to Chinese or Soviet power, but instead elected to reinforce their ties with Washington. Equally, U.S. policymakers discerned this "reverse domino effect" across Asia (or so they termed it) and unreservedly renewed American economic, political and military commitments to their allies in the region. Given that the arc of containment underpinned imperial transition and the rise of U.S. empire in Southeast Asia, the coda contends that reversals of the domino theory, not its fulfilment, were the true prevailing motif of American interference in the region's fraught decolonization after the Pacific War.


The COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan in December 2019 is a public health emergency, which is characterized by unexpected, complex, clustering and staged characteristics. COVID-19 has had a significant impact on China's economic and social development, caused a huge burden on people's lives and health, and triggered a series of social and medical ethical problems. The main ethical problems include the restriction of personal freedom, social discrimination, clinical ethics, drug research ethics and so on. The government and society should pay attention to the ethical problems about epidemic prevention and control for COVID-19 pandemic situation. They should understand the causes and processes of these contradictions, and take scientific and effective measures to reduce the overall burden of prevention and control for COVID-19.


The relationship between friendship preferences for a hypothetical age-mate and the developmental levels of the dyadic friendship expectations (FEs) were obtainedfrom two samples (ages 9 to 10 and 11 to 12) of both sexes (N = 80). Two experiments were conducted, one for each sample. Subjects were first interviewed and classified into their dominant FE levels on a developmental scale. Subjects then rank-ordered preferences for tape recordings of four hypothetical age-mates, each representing alternative FE level statements. These four conditions were one FE level below (1), same level, one level above (+1) and two levels above (+2) the subject's dominant FE level. Sociometric choices were also observed on the 9and 10-year-olds. There was a successive age-shift of first choices from a random distribution over conditions to a -1, + I bifurcation, followed by a predominance of + 1. These changes were accompanied by increased FE interview responses at adjacent FE levels and better recall of condition most preferred. Tentative interpretations were in terms of equilibration mediated by developmental changes in verbal and memory skills. Sociometric choices were mainly in terms of FE level similarity, but were less similar for the older subjects. The reasons for the differences between hypothetical and sociometric choices were interpreted in terms of social compromise and/or measurement error.


Simple Summary Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, right after cardiovascular diseases, and the invasion and metastatization correspond to the foremost cause of cancer-related deaths. Here, we reviewed the state of the art regarding the importance of HOX transcription factors in these last steps of cancer progression and described five of their complex mechanisms of regulation, including the miRs and lncRNAs interference. This information highlights the importance of HOX in the suppression and induction of disease advancement and point out the potential of HOX products as therapeutic targets for diverse cancer types. Abstract Invasion and metastasis correspond to the foremost cause of cancer-related death, and the molecular networks behind these two processes are extremely complex and dependent on the intra- and extracellular conditions along with the prime of the premetastatic niche. Currently, several studies suggest an association between the levels of HOX genes expression and cancer cell invasion and metastasis, which favour the formation of novel tumour masses. The deregulation of HOX genes by HMGA2/TET1 signalling and the regulatory effect of noncoding RNAs generated by the HOX loci can also promote invasion and metastasis, interfering with the expression of HOX genes or other genes relevant to these processes. In this review, we present five molecular mechanisms of HOX deregulation by which the HOX clusters products may affect invasion and metastatic processes in solid tumours.


Forecasting the presence of source rocks, reservoirs, seals, overburden rocks, as well as the development of traps requires a thorough knowledge of the basin history. Sedimentary basins are the result of thermo-mechanical processes acting on the lithosphere. At a general scale their infilling can then be divided into depositional sequences according to different tectonics events, but in basin and petroleum modeling it is necessary to also consider climate and sea level variations as fundamental controls in the evolution and location of the sedimentary sequences. A geodynamic analysis will let us understand the complex interaction of the supply of sediments, the availability of the accommodation space (both with tectonic components), sea level variations (which also may have a significant tectonic influence) and/or climate variations during basin filling and thus will give us significant tools for predicting the petroleum system. In Argentina, 545,000 km 2 correspond to hydrocarbon producing basins known as Paleozoic, Cuyana, Austral, Neuquen, Golfo San Jorge and Cretaceous, while the non-hydrocarbon producing ones cover 2,500,000 km 2 . The associated source rocks are eleven, all of it with potential to be unconventional reservoirs. A situation that is becoming true in view of the results obtained from drilling more than 100 wells in the past two years. Five of them are marine in origin while six were deposited in lacustrine environments with ages ranging from Late Devonian to Early Cretaceous. Average TOC are in between 0.5 to 11 (wt%) with variable thicknesses up to 2,000 meters. Drilled wells targeting these objectives have a total depth that varies from 2,000 down to 5,000 meters. The aim of the present contribution is to propose a dynamic modeling of the geological processes occurred in the productive basins of Argentina over geological time spans to better understand the existing unconventional reservoirs as volume estimations assign 774 TCF of technically recoverable resources (EIA, 2011).


To shed light on the currently increasing proportion of Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. saplings in the tolerant hardwood forests of Quebec, we studied 48 Acer saccharum Marsh. dominated stands with contrasting histories of canopy disturbance: old commercial clear-cutting (CC), old fire (F), and either one or two partial cuts (1PC and 2PC). Our results indicated that higher densities of both F. grandifolia and A. saccharum saplings were associated with partial cutting histories (1PC and 2PC) than with severe canopy disturbance (CC and F). The density of F. grandifolia saplings was not related to any soil or stand characteristics in stands with a history of severe canopy disturbance. However, in stands with a history of partial canopy disturbances, the relative density of F. grandifolia saplings as compared with A. saccharum was related to soil C/N ratio and the presence of F. grandifolia overstory trees, whereas the absolute density showed a negative relationship with stand basal area. Therefore, it appears that ...


We describe Nonnegative Double Singular Value Decomposition (NNDSVD), a new method designed to enhance the initialization stage of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). NNDSVD can readily be combined with existing NMF algorithms. The basic algorithm contains no randomization and is based on two SVD processes, one approximating the data matrix, the other approximating positive sections of the resulting partial SVD factors utilizing an algebraic property of unit rank matrices. Simple practical variants for NMF with dense factors are described. NNDSVD is also well suited to initialize NMF algorithms with sparse factors. Many numerical examples suggest that NNDSVD leads to rapid reduction of the approximation error of many NMF algorithms. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


The CO2 shielded arc welding network monitoring system was designed by means of using Single-Chip Microcomputer as control central and TCP/IP protocol as the main communication protocol.The experiment showed that reliable data transmission can be achieved through this system.


The Planetary Society's LightSail-2 mission successfully validated the orbital maneuvering capability of a solar radiation pressure (SRP) propelled spacecraft. This paper presents a study on two alternative attitude strategies for the orientation of a solar sail. The goal is to increase the effect of the SRP acceleration over the spacecraft's orbital trajectory, with the intention of maintaining or even gaining altitude over time. Furthermore, one of these strategies was employed while varying a few of the mission's parameters to determine if it would be viable to maintain the spacecraft's average altitude. Results show that it is possible to increase the average altitude of the spacecraft over time while still reducing the number of maneuvers necessary to change the spacecraft's attitude. With that result in hand, it is also possible to change some of the mission parameters without compromising the solar sailing performance.


iv trust in the wine brand, the brand should be dependable. Lastly, to improve consumers' satisfaction towards the wine brand, they need to present consumers with what they are looking for. Recommendations for future research consist of working together with wineries and liquor stores to gain access to their consumers for primary data collection. Researchers should also consider making use of larger sample sizes, and include more provinces. Online surveys can be used, as they are more user friendly, cost effective and less time-consuming. Lastly, the model provided in this study can be used in other studies, economies or industries to test how reliable, relevant and applicable this model is.


This paper proposes to identify an approach methodology for the incorporation of building-integrated photovoltaic systems (BIPV) in existing architectural heritage, considering regulatory, conservation and energy aspects. The main objective is to provide information about guidance criteria related to the integration of BIPV in historical buildings and about intervention methods. That will be followed by the development of useful data to reorient and update the guidelines and guidance documents, both for the design approach and for the evaluation of potential future interventions. The research methodology includes a categorization and analysis of European and Swiss case studies, taking into account the state of preservation of the building before the intervention, the data of the applied photovoltaic technology and the aesthetic and energy contribution of the intervention. The result, in the form of graphic schedules, provides complete information for a real evaluation of the analyzed case studies and of the BIPV technological system used in historical contexts. This research promotes a conscious BIPV as a real opportunity to use technology and a contemporary architectural language capable of dialoguing with pre-existing buildings to significantly improve energy efficiency and determine a new value system for the historical building and its environment.


From the controlling function,the coordinative function and the supervision function,the paper introduces the management function of the construction party in the production process,analyzes the necessity for its management,and introduces the relative methods for the management function of construction party,so as to enhance the management on the construction field for construction party.


Thank you very much for downloading the shape of living spiritual directions for everyday life. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this the shape of living spiritual directions for everyday life, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their laptop.


Poverty is a society that has not been solved until now. The decline in poverty in Laweyan District from 2000 to 2013 was 5.71%, among the five lowest in the reduction in the percentage of poverty in Central Java Province. The problem of poverty is very complex, and the differences in regional characteristics, as well as the techniques used, also influence the indicators of the causes of poverty and the formulation of policies for poverty alleviation. This study uses Principal Component Analysis as part of data preprocessing, followed by applying association rules with the Apriori Algorithm to explore the relationship pattern of poverty indicators. Based on the research that has been conducted on the poverty dataset, which consists of 46 attributes, it is found that the attributes that have passed the preprocessing data are six attributes, namely the Poor Population, ADHB in the Communication Sector, ADHB in the Mining and Excavation Sector, ADHB in the Agriculture and Food Crops Sector, ADHB in the Plantation Sector. and unemployment. These six attributes are transformed into Ascending, Fixed, and Descending categorical data. The fuzzification process for the increase and decrease categories uses the shoulder-type triangle membership function. Applying the Apriori Algorithm to the poverty dataset with a minimum support of 0.4 and a minimum confidence of 0.8 produces 38 rules that show the relationship between indicators and poverty and 134 rules that show the relationship pattern between indicators.


Merger of hydropower projects can be realized through asset merger and equity merger with an aim to achieve capital expansion and better economic benefits.Such merger shall strictly follow normative procedures with focus on financial assessment and work discipline so as to improve the management of merger.


The energy spectrum of the /sup 12/C+ /sup 12/C resonances is described with the interacting boson (quadrupole) model. The Hamiltonians corresponding to the three dynamical symmetries and to the general case of the model are used. The results are compared with the similar calculations within the nuclear vibron (dipole) model. Based on the present experimental data no choice can be made between the dipole and quadrupole descriptions, but in both cases the best fit is quite close to the dynamical symmetry corresponding to a soft vibrator.


. In order to solve eigenvalue problems, an algebraic multigrid method based on a multilevel correction scheme and the algebraic multigrid method for linear equations is developed. The algebraic multigrid method setup procedure is used for construction of an hierarchy and intergrid transfer operators. In this approach, large scale eigenvalue problems are solved by algebraic multigrid smoothing steps in the hierarchy and by low-dimensional eigenvalue problems. The efficacy and flexibility of the method is demonstrated by a number of test examples and the global convergence, which does not depend on the number of eigenvalues wanted, is obtained.


This article presents a analysis, design and implementation of non-linear controllers for fundamental negative super lift Luo-Converter (FNSLLC) for purposes needing the stable power source in battery operated portable devices, floppy/hard disk drives, LED TV, physiotherapy medical instrument, lap-top computers, mother board and fan in central processing unit (CPU) applications etc.,. The FNSLLC is a advanced DC-DC converter topology. The FNSLLC is erratic structure system (ESS) and its dynamic analysis is poor. The linear regulators for FNSLLC are poor operating analysis particularly during large source voltage and load modifications. With the aim of improve the dynamic analysis, load voltage and coil current controls of FNSLLC, a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) plus fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is designed. The LQR is designed for FNSLLC with their state space dynamic equations. The controller formation of this converter consists of two loops like, current loop (CL) and voltage loop (VL). In this study, LQR is act as a inner CL for manipulating the coil current of FNSLLC, but the FLC is act as a VL for controlling the load voltage of FNSLLC. The FLC is developed depending on the same system activities and qualitative linguistic control rules. The performance of FNSLLC using LQR plus FLC is verified at various operating states by building both in MATLAB/Simulink and prototype field programmable array (FPGA) models in comparisons with LQR plus proportional double integral controller (PDIC). The results and time domain specifications analyze are presented to prove the adroit of designed controller in different provinces.


The purpose of this study was to examine whether maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) prediction equations based on lean body mass can overcome the confounding effect of fat mass on quantification of cardiorespiratory fitness in children with obesity.


Entrepreneurs are widely known for their generosity--voluntarily helping others through financial donations, mentoring, and various forms of community involvement. Such contributions are of great s...


The sustained release properties of regular and waxy rice starches and their derivatives were studied in tablets. The starches were cross-linked to different levels with epichlorohydrin, and the sustained release properties, swelling power, and rheological characteristics of the matrices prepared were determined. Propranolol hydrochloride was used as a model drug. The sustained release properties of waxy rice starch improved with increasing cross-linking levels, whereas cross-linking had little impact on the functionality of regular rice starch matrices. There was an increase in swelling power for both regular and waxy rice starches as cross-linking levels increased. Both starches showed an increase in the storage modulus when cross-linking was increased, with the regular rice starch matrices showing greater differences among samples. Regular rice starch matrices showed an independence of frequency as cross-linking increased, indicating a "true gel" characteristic, whereas waxy rice matrices behaved as a "weak gel." Both regular and waxy rice starches displayed a decrease in creep and recovery profiles with an increase in cross-linking level. Waxy rice starch showed potential as a sustained release agent in tablets. *C. Peluso is a senior in the Department of Food Science and Pre-Medical studies. ‡F. O. Onofre is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Food Science. ‡‡Y.-J. Wang is the faculty mentor and a professor in the Department of Food Science.


ABSTRACT Exposure of a sedimentary sequence along a Mississippi River bluff at Mt. Pleasant, Louisiana provides insight into the constructional development of the Prairie Terraces. This site serves as a type section for a late Pleistocene meander belt of the Mississippi River, and stratigraphic features have been traced beneath the Prairie Terraces in southeastern Louisiana. A 76.6-ft (23.35-m) measured section reveals upper units of Peoria loess and mixed loess. Loessial sediments overlie proximal flood-plain deposits of a meandering-river system. The upper flood-plain deposits are stratified natural levee facies consisting of coarse silt to fine sand with small-scale trough cross-stratifications, horizontal stratifications, climbing ripples, scour surfaces, and various soft-sediment deformation structures. Within this deposit, a silt loam paleosol was identified with moderately developed blocky structure, clay films, and oxide stains concentrated along root traces. The flood-plain sequence grades downward into abandoned channel-fill facies, with five distinct cycles recognized by textural gradations. Each cycle fines upward from basal loamy or sandy textures to silt loam or silty clay textures. Oxide stains and concretions are common in the upper fine-grained parts of each cycle. The third channel-fill cycle is characterized by a mottled paleosol with blocky structure, clay films, and oxide stains in its upper part. This paleosol represents an unconformable surface upon which the overlying fluvial sequence was deposited. About 1300 ft (400 m) downstream from the measured section is a point bar sequence consisting of fine sand to granule gravel with large- and small-scale trough cross-stratifications, horizontal stratifications, scour surfaces, and clay drapes. The vertical and lateral successions of strata at Mt. Pleasant Bluff indicate deposition by a large-scale, mixed-load, meandering fluvial system. The modern Mississippi River has facies characteristics analogous to those described in the late Pleistocene sequence. Correlation of individual strata away from the Mt. Pleasant Bluff measured section is difficult. However, the upper contact between mixed loess and stratified natural levee facies and the underlying upper paleosol can be traced along the Mississippi River bluffs for considerable distances. Identification of the lower paleosol away from Mt. Pleasant Bluff is more difficult, due to its limited exposure and possible lateral variability. The described meander-belt facies are of a probable Wisconsin age and are considered as a unit, here named the Mt. Pleasant Bluff alloformation. The age designation is based on position in the stratigraphic section, degree of preservation of sedimentary facies, character and degree of development of the upper paleosol, preservation of constructional topography beneath the loess, and correlation of this sequence to nearby sites with Wisconsin-age radiocarbon dates.


Acute ureteric colic caused by ureteric calculus disease is a commonly encountered clinical problem. Ultrasonography is one of the treatment modality available in the evaluation of patients with acute urologic disorders. Color Doppler Ultrasonography is an advancement of the conventional ultrasonography in which the Doppler Effect is employed. It can be used to visualize "ureteric jets". The purpose of this study is to describe the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasound and serum creatinine in evaluation of patients with ureteric calculi.This descriptive study was conducted using 83 patients with calculus disease, aged 20-60 years. All the patients underwent X-ray KUB and color Doppler sonography with ureteral jet assessments and their serum creatinine levels were obtained. The frequency of jets, peak ureteric jet velocity and the duration of the ureteric jet in seconds was measured.According to the results, there were no significant differences in mean serum creatinine values among various degrees of hydronephrosis (p=0.510). There was a significant association between the ureteric jet status with the degree of hydronephrosis (p=0.001). Hence the assessment of ureteric jet on ultrasound, along with serum creatinine, is useful in the assessment of the degree of hydronephrosis in evaluation of patients with ureteric calculi.


The utility model discloses an air-conditioning ventilating device used in a vehicle cockpit, which comprises an air flue of a main body (3) and an air outlet device, wherein, the air flue of the main body (3) is positioned at the bottom part of the floor of the cockpit, an air inlet is directly linked with an air outlet at the front of an evaporator of an air conditioner (1), the air outlet is connected with the corresponding air outlet device, cold wind or hot wind is induced to the bottom part of the floor of the cockpit, and cold wind or hot wind is induced to each position required through the air outlet device in the cockpit again. The utility model overcomes the deficiencies that the occupying space is great, the movable space of the operator is affected, and the temperature in the cockpit is uneven in the prior art, provides the air-conditioning ventilating device used in the vehicle cockpit which has the advantages of rapid and even indoor temperature regulation, compact cockpit and small occupying space and suitability for various vehicles.


Using a terrain scatter model, the radar echo under environment influence is studied for an engineering application. A method of generating DBS reference figures is introduced. As an example, taking the optical image of an airport, radar echo based on the terrain scatter model is simulated and a DBS reference image is produced.


For an analytical chemistry course at St. John Fisher College, instructors designed a servicelearning project on soil and water analysis to achieve the following two goals: 1) to introduce analytical chemistry students to soiland water-testing methods by working in collaboration with surrounding neighborhoods residents and government agencies and 2) to prepare written reports of the results for the designated community partners. Service-learning students conducted soil testing for lead on homes and perspective community garden sites around Rochester, NY with plans to establish planting methods to revitalize polluted soil. Four different communities contributed soil samples. The entire project was performed in connection with Lynn Donahue, St. John Fisher College's service-learning director. To analyze the lead in the soil, EPA method 3050b including acid digestion was utilized, followed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). Results showed that many of the home sites contained levels of lead far above the accepted EPA guidelines of 400 ppm for play areas and 1,200 ppm for non-play areas. To further assist homeowners, students provided written reports detailing the results of the four sites tested on their property and provided suggestions of ways to rid the soil of lead and protect themselves from lead-containing soil. The students also conducted water testing on both Buckland Creek (before and after rain events) and the Genesee River in coordination with the Department of Environmental Services, Division of Pure Waters. Testing included pH, dissolved oxygen levels, buffering capacity, sulfide, carbon dioxide, chloride, alkalinity, water hardness, chemical oxygen demand, phosphorus, nitrates, zinc, lead and copper. Experimental methods involved the comparison of up to three techniques per analyte, utilizing titration methods, commercial kits, electrode probes, and spectrophotometric instrumentation.


In this paper, we revisit the recently proposed results for a general class of linear stochastic degenerate Sobolev systems with additive noise by using a different approach keeping, however, the main assumptions unchanged for the purpose of comparison. In particular, the mild and strong well‐posedness for the initial and final value problems are presented and studied by applying a suitable transformation that formulates the degenerate stochastic system as a pseudoparabolic one. Based on the derived results for the forward and backward cases, under this new framework, the conditions for the exact controllability are revisited for a particular class of degenerate Sobolev systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Data and Information is the base for making investment choices. Stock market is typically a place where shares of certain companies trying to raise their capital, are traded. With the availability of large amount of data and refinement methods, investors nowadays, are able to make rational investment decisions. Advancement in computational intelligence, use of AI in the form of Neural Networks has created a new basis for predicting stock prices. In this work, we have employed Recurrent Neural Networks to implement time series prediction. The Long Term Short Memory Architecture has been used as the network architecture to perform prediction on Apple Stock Prices. The implementation is done on Keras platform.


The relationship between a personal identity and the state-issued Identity Document (ID) is the focus of this article, which examines stories published in the "Horror Affairs" column of the popular South African tabloid, the Daily Sun. These highly emotional stories tell of the despair and desperation felt by individuals at the lack of an ID book, which is blamed on the inefficiency of the state Department of Home Affairs. In order to explicate this relationship I make use of Agamben's notion of "bare life" and the camp in conjunction with Lacan's idea of the Symbolic Order to argue that if the Identity Document provides the means by which the individual is made to signify, the lack of an Identity Document threatens to reduce the individual to "bare life". By publishing the stories of those deprived of the visibility that the ID provides, the Daily Sun, I show, directly engages in this exchange, and, in contrast to Home Affairs, bestows its own even stronger gift of identity by the fact of appearance in its pages.


Panorama has various application prospects such as teleconference,virtual reality,etc.However,in the case of large misregistration or parallax,many existing algorithms perform poorly or even fail to work through.To tackle this challenging situation,a robust approach was proposed to generating panorama.This method first estimated the perspective motion model to align the different views by repeatable features.And then it ordered the images into different layers based on salient features before blending.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively synthesize different views with misregistration or parallax.


Background: To characterize the demands of health and quality of elderly peoplemonitored in the primary care of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil.
Methods and Findings: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study of a quantitative approach with elderly patients monitored by the primary care. The sample was given for convenience, obtaining 120 participants. The research was conducted through an interview with theapplication of the following questionnaires: Mini Mental State Examination, Socio-demographic Data and Pain Characteristics, Short-Form-36, Mini Nutritional Assessment, the primary activities of daily living, the instrumental activities of daily living, Prism 7 and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical program, in which descriptive and association tests were used.The main demands were related to functionality, followed by nutritional and geriatric depression. The quality of life presented worse results in the domain of general health status and better scores in the emotional and mental health aspects. Regarding the dimensions, the physical health obtained aworse score.
Conclusion: Based on the characterization of the health demands found, it is suggested to perform other studies with the same population, enabling to plan and implementing a multidimensional intervention and improving the quality of life of the elderly people.
Keywords: Elderly; Quality of Life; Aging; Elderly Health; Nursing.


The Hanshin Expressway Public Croproation (HEPC) has been expanding its expressway network as well as its facilities for information provision to expressway users. In the past, the HEPC had no facilities other than its automatic telephone service system, which provided the latest traffic information on the expressway to motorists before they started traveling. With this telephone service system, computer-edited information was provided to users one-sidedly from a telephone and without specific traffic information. Having witnessed the spread of personal computers among households and an increase in the population who use personal computer (PC) communication, the HEPC developed a traffic information service system by applying PC communication to solve the above-mentioned problem. With the new system, PC users can access the HEPC's traffic control center from their homes or offices to obtain real-time traffic information. The system accepts a request for information input from the terminal operated by an individual user and displays a specific type of information as requested by the user in easy-to-understand word messages as well as in color graphics. Although this system is under trial operation and has some problems yet to be solved, it has a bright future as the information service facilities of the next generation.


Publisher Rights Statement: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact firstname.lastname@example.com providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Background. The major hindrance to imaging the intact adult Drosophila is that the dark exoskeleton makes it impossible to image through the cuticle. We have overcome this obstacle and describe a method whereby the internal organs of adult Drosophila can be imaged in 3D by bleaching and clearing the adult and then imaging using a technique called optical projection tomography (OPT). The data is displayed as 2D optical sections and also in 3D to provide detail on the shape and structure of the adult anatomy. Methodology. We have used OPT to visualize in 2D and 3D the detailed internal anatomy of the intact adult Drosophila. In addition this clearing method used for OPT was tested for imaging with confocal microscopy. Using OPT we have visualized the size and shape of neurodegenerative vacuoles from within the head capsule of flies that suffer from age-related neurodegeneration due to a lack of ADAR mediated RNA-editing. In addition we have visualized tau-lacZ expression in 2D and 3D. This shows that the wholemount adult can be stained without any manipulation and that this stain penetrates well as we have mapped the localization pattern with respect to the internal anatomy. Conclusion. We show for the first time that the intact adult Drosophila can be imaged in 3D using OPT, also we show that this method of clearing is also suitable for confocal microscopy to image the brain from within the intact head. The major advantage of this is that organs can be represented in 3D in their natural surroundings. Furthermore optical sections are generated in each of the three planes and …


This annual report presents the results of post-mortem examinations of porpoises stranded on the Dutchcoast. One of the main objectives of the research is to quantify human-induced causes of death. In 2016, 55dead harbour porpoises were examined: 31 males and 24 females, including 14 adults, 33 juveniles and 8neonates. Most of the harbour porpoises examined died as a result of grey seal attacks (31%), infectiousdiseases (29%) or food shortage (18%). Bycatch was the cause of death in 11% of the harbour porpoisesexamined


The youth are vital new force in building of loving- civilization. They are taking up the mission carrying on tradition, displaying modern times, creating future. there are many of problems in their love and marriage because the youth have been influenced by every kind of Social and individual factor. The solution to these problems will depend on that the youth think about seriously the ethical significance of love and marriage, and grasp correctly the Social function of love and marriage.


We suggest a scheme for reconstructing the Wigner function of two-mode fields. The scheme is based on the interaction between a Λ-type three-level atom and two field-modes in spatially-separated cavities. The two field-modes are displaced with two classical coherent fields and the atom passes through the two cavities successively. We find that there is a simple relation between the Wigner function of the cavity fields and the atomic populations. Therefore, we can reconstruct the Wigner function of cavity fields by measuring the atomic populations in the micromaser experiments.


Nowadays, the pathophysiology of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders is still poorly understood, making difficult the identification of efficient treatments. CNS damages, due to neurodegenerative conditions or injuries, often result in permanent neuronal dysfunctions and serious impairments of motor, sensory and cognitive capacities. Despite the many attempts of pharmaceutical research to promote neural regeneration, poor progresses have been made in effectively restoring nervous functionality. Indeed, most of the experimental drugs show limited efficacy in the clinical trials, also due to existing preclinical models' inability in fully replicating the complexity of CNS pathophysiology. Therefore, tissue-engineered three-dimensional (3D) models are being extensively explored to develop novel representative in vitro platforms, which more carefully replicate the architecture of neural microenvironment, including both cellular and extracellular components. In this respect, 3D in vitro models are expected to be promising and comprehensive tools for investigating CNS diseases and testing new drug compounds, as they overcome some of the common limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. This review discusses the main challenges to be addressed in CNS modeling, analyzing the key elements involved in neural tissue engineering. Specifically, an overview of the mostly used neural cell sources and biomaterials is provided, focusing on the critical aspects to consider in selecting the appropriate components according to the application. Different methods adopted to modulate the structural and functional properties of the engineered microenvironment are also presented, aimed at fostering in vitro tissue maturation. Lastly, the latest advances in biofabrication technologies are outlined, reviewing the most recent 3D bioprinted in vitro systems and microfluidic-based 3D platforms, starting from the modeling of distinctive CNS pathophysiological mechanisms to the designing of refined and functional in vivo-like neural microtissues.


1 Laboratory for Optical Spectroscopy of Nanostructures, Department of Experimental Physics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland 2 Department of Optics and Photonics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland 3 Technische Physik, W. C. Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Germany 4 Institute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics, Universität Kassel, Germany 5 SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, KY16 9SS St. Andrews, United Kingdom 6 Department of Theoretical Physics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland


three level inverter as a kind of multi-level has extensive application in high voltage high power occasion. Research and analysis the principle of three level inverter main circuit and modulation strategy, and completed simulation analyze under Matlab/ Simulink.


The snow and ice albedo plays a key role in the energy balance between the earth and atmosphere.Its variation depends up two aspects,i.e.the reflecting properties of snow/ice and the sky conditions.So,many factors affect the snow and ice albedo,such as physical properties of snow and ice,including grain size,density,water content,impurity and so on.Again,cloud affects the albedo,because it changes the incoming solar radiation and its spectral distribution.In view of the changes in reflecting properties of snow/ice and the sky conditions,the albedo of snow and ice exhibits its diurnal,seasonal and spatial variations.The progress of numerical model and satellite remote sensing in snow/ice albedo are also reviewed in this article,especially focused on the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function(BRDF) and the imperfection of albedo inversion in remote sensing.


Objective: To evaluate the result of end-to-side neurorrhaphy on facial nerve and the great auricular nerve graft after facial nerve injury. Methods: We selected 20 rabbit( weight of 2.0-2.5kg) to experiment. The upper-cheek branch of facial nerve on right sides was transected and then its distal end sutured to the low-cheek branch nerve with epineurial window in an end-to-side fashion. At the same time, the left side serve as control with end-to-end fashion, Nerve graft of great auricular nerves repair-transplantation on the left facial nerve.conducting speed of motor nerve and histological changes of the two sides were measured after three months. Results: The conducting speed of motor nerve was respectively 23 .56±4 .46m/ s, 22 .86±5.2 m/s(P0.05). A great number of nerve fibers and myelination were found in histological sections.The counts of medullaried nerve fiber were, respectively,64.66±2.48 .63.84±2.78 (P0 .05). Conclusion: Facial nerve could regenerate after end- to- side neurorrhaphy .The effect of end-to-side neurorrhaphy was as same as that of nerve graft.


Abiraterone acetate (AA) was approved in 2011 for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). AA selectively inhibits the CYP17 enzyme, resulting in the suppression of testosterone production and an increase in ACTH levels, and hence in mineralocorticoid production. Prednisone coadministration is warranted to suppress the adrenocorticotropic feedback loop and reduce the most common adverse effects of AA, including hypokalemia, hypertension, and fluid retention. Hypokalemia still affects up to 28% of patients taking AA. We report the first case of life-threatening torsade de pointes (TdP) associated with a prolonged QT interval in a patient taking AA.


Appropriately functionalized pillar[n]arenes are elegant supramolecular hosts for ion and molecule sensing. A water-soluble decaamine derivative of pillar[5]arene (APA) bearing triazole and amide moieties is synthesized. The ion and molecular recognition properties of APA are studied by fluorescence, UV–visible, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The APA selectively detects Fe3+ among 11 studied ions, which are important in several biological processes. Moreover, the in situ prepared Fe3+ complex of APA (FeAPA) exhibits the highest responsiveness toward F– (∼12-fold) among 11 anions and cysteine (∼120-fold) among the 20 naturally occurring amino acids by a fluorescence turn-on mechanism.


2236 cases of tubal ligation performed at the P.B.M. Hospital in Bikaner, India over the August 1977 to July 1980 period were studied. The Pomeroy method was used. The age of the patients varied from 20-45 years with the majority of cases in the 20-30 year age group. The mean age of the patients was 27.91 years. There was maximum acceptance (76.07%) in women with 3-4 living children; the average number of living children at the time of the operation was 3.6. Only 10.91% of the patients were villagers, and only a minority were Muslims. Muslims have remained rather isolated from the current family planning trends. The majority of the patients were literate with only 35.78% illiterate. Most of the indications for the tubal ligation were socioeconomic reasons (94.77%). The high incidence for this indication can easily be understood by the fact that 72.44% of the patients belonged to low or middle income groups. The family welfare program must be expanded towards the interior of the rural areas of India and the rural community must be educated regarding tubal ligation in order for it to achieve best results as a birth control measure.


The essay probes the limits of social ontology as a grounding project for interpretation and explanation in the social sciences. The argument proceeds by challenging the exemplary and influential ontology of John Searle by means of Jim Bohman's hermeneutic approach. While both share the interest in establishing the validity basis of social-scientific claims, Bohman reconstructs in this regard the situated standpoint of the hermeneutic interpreter, in contrast to Searle's building block approach to social reality. A careful analysis of Bohman's argumentation reveals the need for differentiating a variety of interpretive stances, which leads back to important revisions of the intentionality-based social ontology of Searle. The discussion results in the need to ground methodological pluralism in a universal hermeneutics of interpretive capabilities to safeguard the social sciences against relativistic as well as metaphysical challenges.


MS3 is based on the encapsulation of the precursor materials in a salt media (KBr), followed by a heat treatment in air to synthesize powders. As the process is carried out using a salt media, just a simple washing in water leads to obtain the powders without any milling step. These two factors (processing in air and no milling) are a huge breakthrough in comparison to industrial processes to synthesize non-oxide powders, where protective atmospheres (vacuum or argon) and milling steps are required.


During the transition to adulthood, emerging adults may experience new geographic distance separating them physically from their siblings. Digital leisure is common among emerging adults and may serve as a tool for maintaining relationship quality across geographic distance. Using triangulated list responses, brief narratives, and focus groups, we calculated individual digital leisure diversity scores for four categories of digital leisure identified from a constructed taxonomy. The sample (n = 185) included college-attending emerging adults with an average age of 20.1 years (64.3% male). Analysis of variance indicated differences by dyadic gender composition in endorsement rates of select leisure categories (social media and gaming). Digital leisure diversity is associated with greater levels of affective and cognitive relationship quality, regardless of sibling dyad gender. The association between digital leisure diversity and cognitive relationship quality was significant for participants who lived under 25 miles from their sibling. Results of this study demonstrate an association between digital leisure diversity and sibling relationship quality without gender differences, however, digital leisure diversity may not play the expected role of relationship maintenance across long distances.


Drug resistance is a common problem in animal parasites.Understanding these will provide some new ideas for drug resistance management.In this paper,drug resistances of parasites,mechanism of producing drug resistence,and IPM programme were discussed,so that we can give a new way to control parasites.


Background and Aims: There is a high prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), low knowledge of the risk factors, a weak surveillance system, and no known tool for patient self-risk assessment in resource-limited settings. The study assessed the contribution of a novel tool for the improvement of the knowledge level of NCD risk factors. Methodology: This intervention study in a primary health-care facility in Kenya involved 1595 people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged 18–69 years. The study developed a tool based on NCD risk factors and used it as educational material. Baseline data were collected using the World Health Organization step-wise approach to surveillance. Results: The median age in years (interquartile range) was 41 (25–50), and females were 65.9%. The ability to conduct self-risk assessment rose from 2.1% to 57.1% after education. Knowledge of risk factors had a mean score of 0.9 and 0.3 for hypertension and diabetes, respectively, before education. Scores increased to 4.4 and 4.3, respectively, after the intervention. There was a significant difference in the means with a P = 0.00 after education. Conclusion: PLHIV in Kenya lacks knowledge of self-risk assessment and risk factors. The tool can improve knowledge of NCD risk factors. The integration of this tool into the routine HIV standard package of care is crucial as part of surveillance in preventing and controlling NCDs.


Abstract Methylammonium cations and sugar-related alcohols are bound to the tetrasulphonate derivatives 1a-1c of the resorcinol cyclic tetramer in water. With respect to the change in substituent X on C-2 of the benzene rings of the host, both 1b (X = CH3, highly hydrophobic and moderately electron-donating) and 1c (X = OH, highly hydrophilic and highly electron-donating) exhibit higher binding abilities than the parent host 1a (X = H). These results suggest that the CH-π interaction, involving polarized C-H bonds of the guest and electron-rich benzene rings of the host, makes a substantial contribution to the guest-binding process. Host 1c even binds more hydrophilic dioxygen-functionalized sugar models (cis-1,2-cyclohexanediol, 2-oxacyclohexyl-1-carbinol and 2-oxacyclopentyl-1-carbinol) more strongly than the corresponding more hydrophobic mono-ols (cyclohexanol, cyclohexylcarbinol and cyclopentylcarbinol).


In this day and age, digital images play a significant role in our day-to-day life. Digital images are utilized in a wide range of fields like medical, business and more. Besides, the digital images play a vital part in the medical field in which it has been utilized to analyze the anatomy. These medical images are used in the identification of different diseases. Regrettably, the medical images have noises due to its different sources in which it has been produced. Confiscating such noises from the medical images is extremely crucial because these noises may degrade the quality of the images and also baffle the identification of the disease. Hence, denoising of medical images is indispensable. Researchers have recognized this issue and have provided lots of paradigms and techniques for use in the medical image denoising process. In this paper, an extensive review on denoising of medical images is presented together with the classification of medical images into either Radiographic or Ultrasound or MRI or CT image. In addition, a brief description on the digital images and medical images is presented. A concise note on Radiography, Ultrasound, MRI and CT images is also presented.


Abstract In this paper, the capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP) is studied. CLRP is composed of two hard optimisation problems: the facility location problem and the vehicle routing problem. The objective of CLRP is to determine the best location of multiple depots with their vehicle routes such that the total cost of the solution is minimal. To solve this problem, we propose a greedy randomised adaptive search procedure. The proposed method is based on a new heuristic to construct a feasible CLRP solution, and then a local search-based simulated annealing is used as improvement phase. We have used a new technique to construct the clusters around the depots. To prove the effectiveness of our algorithm, several LRP instances are used. The results found are very encouraging.


It is somewhat distressing to note the publication of Algorithm 513. While the algorithm is, as claimed, an improvement over Algorithm 380 [1~, it is by no means as good as Algorithm 467, which was published long before Algorithm 513 was even submitted for publication. A reanalysis of the timing figures in Algorithms 467 and 513 suggests very strongly that Algorithm 467 is superior to Algorithm 513 except, possibly, when the modulus of the generating function for the transposition permutation is prime. A direct comparison of the algorithms was performed using the Fortran G (nonoptimized) compiler on an IBM 370/158 running under VM/CMS. The results, reported in Table I, indicate quite clearly that Algorithm 467 enjoys a nearly 2:1 advantage except when the modulus is prime. It should be noted that it is not so mucl~ that Algorithm 467 is degraded in this case as that Algorithm 513 performs exceptionally well.


iii Acknowledgements v List of Figures ix List of Tables xiv CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2 – LITERATURE BACKGROUND 4 2.1 Controlled Radical Polymerization (CRP) 4 2.1.1 Basic Requirements 5 2.1.2 Typical Features 7 2.1.3 Comparison with Regular Free Radical Polymerization (FRP) 10 2.1.4 Approaches towards Controlled Radical Polymerization 15 2.1.5 Overview of Materials Made by CRP Methods 18 2.1.6 Material Applications 19 2.2 Nitroxide-Mediated Radical Polymerization (NMRP) 20 2.2.1 Background and Historical Perspective 20 2.2.2 Types of Initiators in Nitroxide-Mediated Radical Polymerization 24 220.127.116.11 Bimolecular Initiator 24 126.96.36.199 Unimolecular Initiator 24 2.2.3 Kinetics Features 25 220.127.116.11 Persistent Radical Effect (PRE) 26 22.214.171.124 Descriptive Equations 27 2.2.4 Applications and Future Perspective 30 220.127.116.11 Development of New Nitroxides 30 126.96.36.199 Manufacturing Issues 32 2.3 References 34 CHAPTER 3 – EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 41 3.1 Reagent Purification 41 3.2 Polymer Synthesis 41 3.3 Polymer Characterization 41 3.3.1 Gravimetry 41 3.3.2 Size Exclusion Chromatography 42 3.4 References 43 CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 44 4.1 Design and Summary of Experiments 44 4.2 Typical Styrene Reaction Profiles in NMRP 46 4.3 Bimolecular NMRP 49 4.3.1 Effect of [TEMPO]/[BPO] Ratio 51 4.3.2 Effect of Temperature 69


Based on monitoring and analyzing the roof runoff quality in Shanghai,the feasibility of application of wash-off model in the estimation of model coefficients was investigated. The result shows that this method can estimate the coefficients by using less data,and simplify greatly the estimation process. It lays a foundation for the application of the model for roof runoff quality.


The numerical control transformation of machine tools has become a trend.In the paper,the problems in modern mechanical manufacturing such as complex structures,precision,small batches and changeable parts are solved by taking the numerical control transformation of a CW6163 lathe as an example so that the production efficiency has been greatly improved and it could be as the foundation of theory and practices for future numerical control transformation of machine tools.


The invention relates to a method of operating a braiding machine (1) comprising a ring (2) carrying coils of fiber (3) for braiding layers (16; 22) of fibers (3) about a mandrel (13, 17) carried by a support (12) movable along the axis (AX) of the ring (2), wherein after weaving, the fibers (3) are cut to remove the mandrel (13, 17), wherein there are provided: - a hub (5, 6; 18) carried by the support (12) and secured to the mandrel (13; 17) being connected downstream thereof; - an operation in which it encloses the fibers (3) around the hub (5, 6; 18) with a link (11, 14) surrounding said fibers (3), after passage of the mandrel (13, 17) through the ring (2); - and wherein the fibers (3) are cut between the mandrel (13, 17) and the hub (5, 6; 18) prior to removal of the mandrel (13, 17).


A ESD protection circuit includes: a first clamp connected between a first power line and a ground line; a second clamp connected between the ground line and a second power line; a first output buffer connected between the first power line and the ground line, and providing a first operating voltage; a second output buffer connected between the ground line and the second power line, and providinga second operating voltage; a first switch unit configured to transfer the first operating voltage to an I/O pad; a second switch unit configured to transfer the second operating voltage to the I/O pad; a first transfer unit comprising one or more diodes connected in series between the first power line and the I/O pad; and a second transfer unit comprising one or more diodes connected in series between the I/O pad and the second power line.


In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.


(Gender and domestic savings in Latin America) The objective of this paper is to quantify the repercussions from gender inequality on domestic savings and macroeconomic vulnerability in the Latin American countries. Econometric equations are estimated expressing the savings rate in terms of the index of gender discrimination and of several labor market variables. Results indicate that gender inequality exerts a negative impact on domestic savings and on economic vulnerability, and weakens institutions. It is recommended that Latin American countries undertake programs designed to reduce gender inequality.  The main limitation of this paper is the reduced number of data points in the sample. Its originality resides in that it is the first study that analyzes the role of gender inequality on domestic savings, macroeconomic vulnerability and institutional strength in the lstin American countries. Its main contribution is the evidence that gender inequality reduces domestic savings and increases economic vulnerability. The paper concludes pointing out the importance that the Latin American countries increase their programs designed to reduce gender inequality.


This is an overview article of the mathematics of gravitational waves. We explain the mathematics and physics of these waves in general relativity theory, discuss the gravitational wave experiment aLIGO and their detection of gravitational waves as well as its implications for astrophysics. A version of this article was published in the AMS Notices, Vol. 64, Issue 07, 2017, (August issue 2017).


This paper continues the study of 'good arrangements' of collections of sets in normed vector or Banach spaces near a point in their intersection. Our aim is to study general nonlinear transversality properties, namely, $\varphi-$semitransversality, $\varphi-$subtransversality and $\varphi-$transversality. We focus on primal space (metric and slope) characterizations of these properties. Some characterizations presented in the paper are new also in the Holder (and even linear) setting. We also discuss quantitative relationships between the nonlinear transversality properties of collections of sets and the corresponding nonlinear regularity properties of set-valued mappings as well as nonlinear extensions of the new 'transversality properties of a set-valued mapping to a set in the range space' due to Ioffe.


Water management is considered one of the most prevalent factors in the production of quality seedlings in commercial crops. Despite the benefits provided, the technique is still little used by irrigating users, who, for the most part, do not adopt any criteria for water use. Thus, aiming at the rational use of water resources and increasing the productive potential of seedlings, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on the production of Formosa "Mel" papaya seedlings (Carica papaya L.). The experiment took place in a greenhouse, located at the Federal Institute of Espirito Santo, Campus Itapina, in Colatina, ES. The treatments consisted of six irrigation depths corresponding to 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm·day−1 adjusted in a completely randomized design, with 25 plants per treatment. The variables evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's Quality index, 58 days after sowing in all experimental plots. At the end of the experiment, it was found that the 7.36 mm·d−1 irrigation depth provided better quality, in addition to lower water consumption, being the most recommended for the production of Formosa "Mel" papaya seedlings.


Interest Groups are important forces which influence American educational reform.They voice various wishes and exert influence on educational policy by making professional standards,lobbying,demonstration,violent protest and political contribution.Interest groups are a product of American political system,and they have something to do with the long-standing group ideology of Americans.Although the roles of interest groups can't be underestimated,they also have some limitations.


What I mean here is really large, and really long lasting, a decade or more. This conclusion is at odds with much of both the recent empirical work and the recent theoretical work on the topic: The large empirical literature based on structural VARs suggests that the e®ect of an innovation in money on activity peaks after a year or so, and is largely gone within two or three years. The large theoretical literature based on an equation for in°ation derived from Taylor-Calvo foundations gives roughly the same results. A change in money growth has its maximum e®ect on activity after a year or so, and the e®ect is again largely gone within two or three years.


The operating principle of automobile's hydraulic boosting steering system is introduced, and the causing reasons and eliminating methods of failures which are usually appeared in boosting steering system such as steering being heavy, front-wheel wavy, steering with various degree, snaking etc. are discussed as well.


This paper investigates vertical contracts between airports and airlines, in the context of two competing facilities and three different types of agreements. The downstream market consists in a route operated by one leader and n-1 follower competing a la Stackelberg in each airport. In this sense, the paper adds to literature as it considers the issue of vertical contracts both in the airports competition and airlines competition. We develop a multistage facility-rivalry game where each airport and the respective dominant airline decide whether to enter into a contract and, if so, which one to engage in. In this framework, we investigate the Nash equilibrium to analyse the incentives for vertical contracts: we find that the airport and the dominant airline have incentive to collude in each facility. Nevertheless, the equilibrium is not efficient in terms of social welfare, so that there is a misalignment between private and social incentives


Compared with the major、trace elements of the typical boninite,the metabasalts collected from the Nanfanba-Miaowanli region in the BiKou block can be treated as boninitic characterized by the low-Si,low-Ti,low-P,high-Mg~# and High Al_2O_3/TiO_2,consistent with geochemical features of boninite;the N-MORB normalized spide diagram display fairly depletion in the HFSE(Zr,Y,Ti)and enriched in refractory elements(Cr,Co,Ni) as well as LREE-depletion in Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns,both suggesting the boninitic magmas derived from a extremely depletion mantle wedge in the presence of a hydrous fluid,meanwhile signifying the source region had previously ever been undergone a high degree partial melting process yielding primary magmas with enriched LILE.In addition,almost all the samples plotted in the IAB district in the Nb-Zr-Y and Ti-Zr-Y determination diagrams.Consequently,coupled with the island arc tholeiitic basalt(IAT) in the study region,the geochemical characteristics of the study rocks indicate the meta-basalts should be occurred in a fore-arc subduction tectonic setting,which would finally be a great significant to further study on the tectonic background of the Bikou volcanism.


Methodology and instrumentation for automatic measurements of high accuracy optical flats is described. These include the homogeneity of material and shape of optical surfaces testing. The expert system applies alternatively: Fourier transform and spatial carrier phase-shifting method for interferers analysis and the new three step method for refractive index distribution testing. The error analysis and examples of measurements are presented.


Acid-induced ring expansion of 2H-azaphosphirene complexes 1a−c with HCN is described. These reactions yielded 2H-1,4,2-diazaphosphole complexes 2a−c as a mixture with their κN-coordination isomers 3a−c in different ratios, depending upon the steric demand of the C3-substituent on the diazaphosphole ring. DFT calculations revealed that the isomerization can proceed in one step via a haptotropic P→N W(CO)5 shift. When a mixture of 2b and 3b was heated in acetonitrile, complete decomplexation with formation of 2H-1,4,2-diazaphosphole 5 was observed. Reaction of 2b and 3b with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride in the presence of [Et3NH][OTf] led to complete desilylation of the P-CH(SiMe3)2 substituent and formation of complex 6, showing only κP-coordination. In addition to NMR, IR, and UV/vis spectra, the single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures of 2a,b and 6 are discussed.


Water is one of the basic resources required for human survival. However, pollution of water has become a global problem. 2.4 billion people worldwide live without any form of water sanitation. This work focuses on case study of water pollution in Pakistan where only 20% of the population has an access to good-quality water. Drinking bad-quality water causes diseases such as hepatitis, diarrhea and typhoid. Moreover, people living close to the industrial areas are more prone to drinking polluted water and catching diseases as a result. Yet, there is no system that can monitor the quality of water or help in disease prevention. In this work, an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled water quality monitoring system is developed that works as a stand-alone portable solution for monitoring water quality accurately and in real time. The real-time results are stored in a cloud database. The public web portal shows these results in the form of data sheets, maps and charts for analyzing data. Further, this data along with the collected data of past water quality is used to generate machine learning (ML) models for prediction of water quality. As a consequence, a model for prediction of water quality is trained and tested on a test set. The predictions on the test set resulted in a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.264.


We have applied a recently developed fast Fourier transform method for determining vibrational action variables to the calculation of semiclassical eigenvalues for SO2, H2O, H+3, and CO2 (all for zero rotational angular momenta). The results for SO2 and H2O are essentially equivalent in accuracy to results from previous semiclassical applications. H+3 and CO2, on the other hand, have not been studied previously by semiclassical methods, in part because of the 1:1 and 2:1 resonances respectively present in these molecules. The results of the present calculations are in reasonable agreement with quantum eigenvalues which have been calculated for H+3 and CO2, with errors which are consistent with those obtained for H2O and SO2.


The Multidimensional Measurement of Religiousness/Spirituality (MMRS) survey was administered to 515 respondents from the southeastern United States, 355 graduate and undergraduate students in Social Work, and 160 clients undergoing alcoholism or drug treatment. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability analyses resulted in retaining 59 of 81 MMRS items measuring 3 primary factors (Meaning, Spirituality, Religious Practices and Organized Religiousness) and 2 secondary factors (Guilt vs. God's Grace, and Loving/Forgiving God). The primary factors were highly internally consistent and showed acceptable stability reliability for a subsample of clients; they also largely replicated intended dimensions of the MMRS. Convergent, discriminant, and theoretical construct validity were generally supported for the factors in correlational analyses, but the Guilt dimension, in particular, should be reevaluated in future research. Various limitations were discussed. It was suggested that the 3 primary factors could be reliably assessed with 10 items, and that this 30-item scale could be a very useful multidimensional research tool.


Abstract : Sweat-off, dry protection, and wash-off screening methods were evaluated on man based on their capacity to rank the four best repellents presently available for efficacy against the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.). DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), dimethyl phthalate, 6-12 (2-ethyl-1, 3 e-hexanediol), and Indalone (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid butyl ester) were applied directly to the forearms using a new four-site test design. DEET protected significantly longer than the others under dry conditions. Two trials of the wash-off method showed DEET and dimethyl phthalate to be equally effective; 6-12 and Indalone were less effective but not separable. On an overall basis, DEET was judged the most effective. (Modified author abstract)


structive. Indeed, one of the major theses of his study is that the divisions among Protestants and Roman Catholics concerning the role of the Spirit in the period of the Reformation, and between Protestants of the main and radical wings of the Reformation concerning the role of the Spirit in the period following the Reformation, can be attributed to affirmations of partial truths. It is only as each branch of Christendom becomes aware of the understanding of the work of the Holy Spirit in other branches of the Church that a full orbed doctrine of the gifts of the Holy Spirit will obtain. This is a scholarly book without the technical apparatus which often encumbers sound research. It preserves the vitality of oral delivery and is to be commended to pastors, theological students, intelligent laymen, and to all who seek a deeper understanding of the work of the Spirit of God. Professor Hendry concludes that though theological reflections on the work of the Spirit are necessary, "the true meaning of faith in the Holy Spirit, as it is confessed in the ancient creeds, is to remind us that the Church's dependence on the Holy Spirit finds its true expression, not in reflection, but in prayer" (p. 155). David L. Mueller


acquainted with the roots or sources of the Druze waqf, nor does he know when, to what extent, and how it was influenced by Islam. To answer these questions, we should have to be familiar with Druze religio-legal literature of the time prior to the last great exegete of Druze religious law, Shaykh 'Abdall~h al-Tanfikhi (d. A.H. 885/1480 C.E.),(1) and, of course, to study Druze legal documents (especially wills) of different periods. The conclusions of this paper are therefore tentative.


4. Hauk O. et al (2006) The time course of visual word recognition as revealed by linear regression analysis of ERP data. 6. Bentin et al (1999) ERP manifestations of processing printedwords at different psycholinguistic levels: time course and scalp distribution. 11-06-00449.


Heterosexism is evident in the psychology and social policies of society. Despite numerous efforts to end discrimination based on many different cultural factors, heterosexism is frequently condoned and encouraged. In accordance with professional ethics codes, counselors and other health professionals must challenge this discrimination by promoting equitable access and distribution of resources to lesbian and gay individuals. It is not clear, however, if counselors and counselors in training acquire this social justice efficacy through training. In fact, there are not currently any tools to assess lesbian and gay affirming social justice advocacy. Despite a history of multiculturalism and social justice in the counseling field, there has been little research attention paid to measuring social justice attitudes and actions. The current project was to develop the Lesbian and Gay Affirming Social Justice Competency Scale [LGASJC], a scale to measure counselors' and psychologists' knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding lesbian and gay affirming social justice advocacy based on the following a priori factors: (1) awareness of social injustice toward lesbian and gay individuals, (2) beliefs that support social equality for lesbians and gay men, (3) intentions to participate in lesbian and gay affirming social justice action, (4) lesbian and gay affirming


The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of health professionals toward persons with aphasia and factors related to these attitudes. Three self-reported questionnaires were used in this study: the Interpersonal Orientation Scale-5th Version (IOS-V), Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale (IDPS), Scale of Attitudes toward Aphasic Persons (SAAP). Data was gathered from a sample of 307 health professionals including nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists and radiological technologists by mail (response rate 34%). The results were as follows: 1. Physical therapists showed the most favorable and positive attitudes toward persons with aphasia, followed by occupational therapists, nurses, and radiological technologists in descending order. 2. Again, physical therapists showed the most favorable and positive attitudes toward disabled persons, followed by occupational therapists, nurses, and radiological technologists in descending order. 3. Results indicated that attitudes toward the disabled are significantly related to prior experience with the disabled, and profession. Subjects with prior work experience with the disabled had significantly lower scores on the IDP scale than subjects without prior work experience, indicating more favorable and positive attitudes toward the disabled. 4. Also, results indicated that attitudes toward persons with aphasia are significantly relat ed to prior work experience with aphasic persons, prior work experience with the disabled and IDPS. Subjects with prior work experience with aphasic persons revealed more favorable and positive attitudes than did subjects without work experience. 5. Results indicated that gender was not a significant factor concerning attitudes toward the disabled.


The present manuscript discusses a remarkable phenomenon concerning non-linear and non-integrable field theories in $(3+1)$-dimensions, living at finite density and possessing non-trivial topological charges and non-Abelian internal symmetries (both local and global). With suitable types of ans\"atze, one can construct infinite-dimensional families of analytic solutions with non-vanishing topological charges (representing the Baryonic number) labelled by both two integers numbers and by free scalar fields in $(1+1)$-dimensions. These exact configurations represent $(3+1)$-dimensional topological solitons hosting $(1+1)$-dimensional chiral modes localized at the energy density peaks. First, we analyze the Yang-Mills-Higgs model, in which the fields depend on all the space-time coordinates (to keep alive the topological Chern-Simons charge), but in such a way to reduce the equations system to the field equations of two-dimensional free massless chiral scalar fields. Then, we move to the non-linear sigma model, showing that a suitable ansatz reduces the field equations to the one of a two-dimensional free massless scalar field. Then, we discuss the Skyrme model concluding that the inclusion of the Skyrme term gives rise to a chiral two-dimensional free massless scalar field (instead of a free massless field in two dimensions as in the non-linear sigma model) describing analytically spatially modulated Hadronic layers and tubes. The comparison of the present approach both with the instantons-dyons liquid approach and with Lattice QCD is shortly outlined.


In this paper, the effectiveness of employing rubric as a self-assessment technique of the project method is investigated, which covers a wide range of knowledge, skills and abilities in a variety of learning objects and activities. The assessment rubric is defined as a descriptive rating guide, which consists of specific pre-defined performance criteria. It is an alternative assessment technique, which produces a valid evaluation through a process of determining attainment based on pre-defined qualitative classifications of specific criteria. In this study, the assessment rubric was used as a self-assessment technique in the implementation of a project entitled "Utopia and Reality", conducted in ASPETE (School of Pedagogical and Technological Education) during the year 2017-2018. The students of two undergraduate departments of ASPETE participated in the study. The analysis of the data revealed statistically significantly differences in the students' self-assessment levels (as identified by the rubric) with respect to the students' gender and the department of study. Moreover, the tool allowed the students to evaluate the end product of their efforts, thus allowing for their realizing the usefulness of the rubric as a self-assessment tool.


This master's project was completed in the Oregon State University Free Choice Learning Lab for the Science and Math Education Department. The major professor was Shawn Rowe and the advisers were Lynn Dierking and John Falk. http://hmsc.oregonstate.edu/visitor/free-choice-learning


Objective
To explore the application value of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) in the diagnosis and short-term efficacy evaluation of multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods
A total of 450 patients with MM admitted to Anqing Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army Navy and Jinhua Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province from October 2016 to October 2018 were selected as subjects (MM group), according to the Durie-Salmon staging criteria, including 150 patients in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ. A total of 150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The levels of Cys-C and β2-MG in the serum of the subjects were determined. The differences of Cys-C and β2-MG levels between the two groups and the MM patients with different Durie-Salmon stages were compared. The differences of Cys-C and β2-MG levels between the patients with different short-term efficacy were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of the two indicators in the evaluation of MM efficacy, and the correlation between Cys-C and β2-GM was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the multiple factors affecting the clinical efficacy of MM patients.

Results
The levels of Cys-C and β2-MG in the serum of the patients with MM were (2.11±0.78) mg/L and (6.07±3.08) g/L respectively, and those in the control group were (0.75±0.20) mg/L and (1.78±0.59) g/L, with significant differences (t=33.848, P<0.001; t=28.084, P<0.001). The Cys-C levels of Durie-Salmon stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients were (0.99±0.21) mg/L, (1.36±0.17) mg/L and (3.07±1.02) mg/L respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=44.157, P<0.001). The β2-MG levels in the serum of patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were (2.57±0.75) g/L, (4.66±1.43) g/L, (8.63±2.26) g/L respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=57.285, P<0.001). In all the patients, 338 patients were effective, accoun-ting for 75.11%, and 112 patients were ineffective, accounting for 24.89%. The levels of Cys-C and β2-MG in the serum of the effective MM patients were (1.28±0.23) mg/L and (2.82±0.78) g/L, and those of ineffective patients were (2.97±0.77) mg/L and (6.22±1.92) g/L, with statistically significant differences (t=35.874, P<0.001; t=26.633, P<0.001). The sensitivity of serum Cys-C for predicting short-term efficacy was 83.0%, the specificity was 76.6%, and those of serum β2-MG were 89.3% and 73.6%. The area under curve (AUC) of the serum Cys-C was 0.813 (95%CI: 0.764-0.862), and the AUC of serum β2-MG was 0.865 (95%CI: 0.825-0.906), with a statistically significant difference (Z=2.490, P=0.011). Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between serum Cys-C and β2-MG (r=0.539, P=0.041). Logistic regression analysis showed that both β2-MG (95%CI: 2.386-5.144, P<0.001) and Cys-C (95%CI: 2.367-9.702, P<0.001) were independent factors affecting the short-term efficacy of MM. Multivariate analysis showed that β2-MG (95%CI: 3.549-13.739, P=0.001) was an independent factor affecting the efficacy of MM.

Conclusion
The levels of serum Cys-C and β2-M in MM patients are significantly higher than those in healthy people, and they show an increasing trend with the progression of MM disease, which can be used as markers for the pathological staging diagnosis of MM patients. The short-term efficacy of the patients can be evaluated by using the two indicators, and the clinical significance in efficacy evaluation of β2-MG is slightly better than that of Cys-C.

Key words:
Multiple myeloma; Diagnosis; Treatment outcome; Cystatin-C; β2-microglobulin


This paper analyzes the influence factors of the capability of the medical devices,and introduces the the measures to ensure the devices functioning well in our hospital based on the knowledge and experience.


AbstractThe glycoproteins of parainfluenza I (also called Sendai virus) referrred to as hemagglutinin HN and fusion factor F are among the major constituents of the virus. These glycoproteins are the fusogenic factors that induce cell fusion and lysis. They also comprise the major constituents of Sendai virus envelopes (SVE), which are a gene transfection vehicle. In this study, lectin cytochemistry was used to localize the glycoproteins of Sendai virus (SV) to the cell surface of the infected cells (The J Histotechnol 11:91, 1988).


. Referring expressions usually describe an object using properties of the object and relationships of the object with other objects. We propose a technique that integrates context between objects to understand referring expressions. Our approach uses an LSTM to learn the probability of a referring expression, with input features from a region and a context region. The context regions are discovered using multiple-instance learning (MIL) since annotations for context objects are generally not available for training. We utilize max-margin based MIL objec-tive functions for training the LSTM. Experiments on the Google RefExp and UNC RefExp datasets show that modeling context between objects provides better performance than modeling only object properties. We also qualitatively show that our technique can ground a referring expression to its referred region along with the supporting context region.


Hydrogenated pyrido (4,3-b) indole means for improving cognitive functions and memory based on (isomers), pharmacological means based on the unit, and the means relates to the use of compounds in the medical field methods for use. Using these, for activation of the substantial enhancement and learning processes of memory, elderly, and mild cognitive impairment and brain trauma, chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, cerebral hypoxia chronic alcoholism has caused and it is possible to increase the storage means can be utilized for the treatment of impaired cognitive functions and memory in developmental delay in children. This object is achieved by the use of hydrogenated pyrido ([4,3-b]) indoles of formula (1) or (2), as a means for improving cognitive functions and memory.


Design Thinking is characterized by integrating professional knowledge and experience from different fields to help teams work together to develop feasible solutions. It emphasizes user-centeredness and helps designers better understand user needs through five steps. Therefore, for design beginners, design thinking can deconstruct complex problems, actively discover and define them, and continuously organize creative thinking to find the most appropriate solutions. We took the design of a children's library navigation APP as the research topic. In the workshop, we introduced design thinking to the students to understand the problems faced by children and parents, clarified and dismantled the fragmented findings, and brainstormed new design insights to help two groups of students develop different ideas of APP design in a co-creative way. We will investigate whether a design thinking workshop can help students transform their traditionally passive role into an active one, and systematically, integrate and augment their design ideas, to develop a children's library navigation APP design with creative thinking in the study.


The article presents the results of a preliminary analysis of transit ridership data from the 1991 American Housing Survey. The findings suggest that transit operators may find new markets on places they had not thought to look: among high income travelers, including high income minority travelers.


After big modernization in 2014, the LASBOR station (CBK PAN Borowiec) has entered a new chapter of the laser measurements. With two independent Nd:YAG pulse laser modules, i.e. the standard unit used for laser observations of all satellites equipped with retroreflectors (picosecond module EKSPLA PL 2250) and a high energy module (nanosecond Continuum Surelite III) dedicated to Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) activity, the station is able to track satellites (LEO and MEO), as well as space debris targets (LEO defunct satellites and rocket bodies). The tracking of typical rocket bodies has been launched in the middle of 2016. Today, the LASBOR station tracks over 100 different satellites (active / inactive) and rocket bodies. The rocket bodies are tracked for the needs of Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) programme. During last 3.5 years (2016 2019), the LASBOR station performed 1123 successful passes of space debris objects, providing 13688 of normal points. An average RMS of these passes is on the level of 2 centimetres 2 metres (depending on the laser module being used). Additionally, the LASBOR team calculated the orbits of several rocket bodies based on an one single laser track (in full rate measurements format), showing, that their covariance matrix can be improved approximately by 20 40 percent, even if the track has a time length of several dozen seconds. All orbital computations were performed by means of NASA Goddard's GEODYN-II program in an Earth-Centered Inertial True of Date reference frame. The input orbital elements of the targets were TLE files downloaded from the SPACETRACK database. At Borowiec, a second independent laser optical system is developed. This system is fully dedicated to the SST activity. The new system is situated on an azimuth / elevation mount with a 65 centimetres Cassegrain telescope equipped with servo drives that provide a tracking resolution below 1 arcsecond, and the 8 inches RC guiding telescope equipped with two fast dedicated optical CMOS cameras. The whole system is controlled by a multiplatform steering / tracking software and support space debris / satellite predictions, system calibration, ADSB monitoring, data post processing and other functions. The new sensor will be equipped with high powerful laser module. The objective of this action is the tracking of uncooperative LEO targets with a diameter below 1 metre and participation in the building of the independent laser catalogue in a near future. Finally, the second sensor will operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. At present, this system is fully operational in optical mode.


Review of the literature on adolescent sexual behavior shows that premarital sex is increasing for women the age at 1st intercourse is decreasing and male and female incidence rates are converging. Unprotected intercourse continues to be common. A survey of sexual attitudes and behavior at a large mid-Atlantic state universtiy confirmed these findings. The survey revealed that males are sexually active at an earlier age and have sex with more partners than females. For both males and females parents played a minor role in the provision of sex and contraceptive information. Among the respondents the use of effective reliable contraception was limited to only slightly more than 1/3 of the sampling. Lack of adequate contraception was attributed to a desire for spontaneous sexuality and reflects the difficulty these young people have with accepting their own sexuality. Both males and females believed that contraception was the responsibility of the females reflecting a difference in learned sex roles. The literature in general and this survey in particular indicate the need for establishment of sex education courses in schools. The curriculum should be realistic and relevant to modern sexual lifestyles. The curriculum should stress the need for effective contraception as a health measure and as a psychologically more satisfying pattern of behavior. This education should be provided when adolescents are beginning sexual activity.


The purpose of this book is to open a conversation on the idea of information experience, which we understand to be a complex, multidimensional engagement with information. In developing the book we invited colleagues to propose a chapter on any aspect of information experience, for example conceptual, methodological or empirical. We invited them to express their interpretation of information experience, to contribute to the development of this concept. The book has thus become a vehicle for interested researchers and practitioners to explore their thinking around information experience, including relationships between information experience, learning experience, user experience and similar constructs. It represents a collective awareness of information experience in contemporary research and practice. Through this sharing of multiple perspectives, our insights into possible ways of interpreting information experience, and its relationship to other concepts in information research and practice, is enhanced. In this chapter, we introduce the idea of information experience. We also outline the book and its chapters, and bring together some emerging alternative views and approaches to this important idea.


FOOD FIGHTROSEMONT, ILLINOIS-- The conference held here on 2 November was not yet over, and researchers were still heatedly debating whether corn that had been genetically modified to make Bt, a protein toxic to insects, harms monarch butterflies. Yet newspaper headlines that day indicated that the butterflies were not in danger. How could the newspapers have known the upshot of the conference before the researchers themselves did?


An experimental facility of swirl combustor with staged air injection was set up.Experimental studies on turbulent swirling combustion were carried out on the experimental facility with natural gas and pulverized coal separately. Maintaining the excess air ratio and swirl number as constant,the distribution of flue gas temperature field,O_2,CO and NO concentration fields were measured under different staged air injection ratios in swirl combustor.The effects of staged air injection ratio on turbulent combustion and pollutant formation were analyzed and discussed based on the experimental results.Results show that in natural gas combustion,increasing secondary swirl air ratio can reduce the formation of NO.In pulverized coal combustion,increasing secondary swirl air ratio can increase the formation of NO.


In order to meet the attitude stabilization requirements for a small size unmanned floating platform with small space and high load inertia,a stabilized platform based on a 2-DOF parallel mechanism has been designed.The stabilized platform which has transmission branch chain with fixed ballscrew makes the drive motor fixed on the base.The structure,DOF and kinematics of the platform have been analyzed,besides,the mathematical model of the platform's attitude and velocity inverse solution has been established.The simulation of the solution derived has been done.The results show that the interference does not exist between the various parts of the platform,and the requirement of the detection equipment has been met.In the range of small inclination,it can be approximated by a linear relationship between motor velocity and the inclination of the platform,and the maximum inclination of the moving platform has been analyzed.This platform provides a reference for parameter optimization and design of control system.


Nowadays, many developers lose their passions for software development. Flow is a theory to describe experience associated with optimal performance. In this article, I analyzed essential components of flow and their meanings for software developers. I also made recommendations on the fields of study where flow can be made.


Aiming at the problems of the features of 3G video coding standard and real-time,a robustness video watermark algorithm based on DC coefficients of chroma block is presented.The two-dimensional Arnold image scrambling is designed firstly,according to calculating the brightness of the I frame video sequence to determine the embedded frame,then calculating the average value and variance of chroma block,embedded the scrambled watermark information into the quantized DC coefficients of chroma block,this algorithm has blind detection.The experimental results show that this algorithm has a very good invisibility as well as easy realized which meet real-time.After shearing and some other video processing,the NC level is over 0.85 with good robustness.Meanwhile,the selectivity of embedded position makes it harder for attacker to sense attack target,so it makes better safety.


Background:  Self‐expandable metallic stents (SEMS) are known to provide a longer patency time than plastic stents for malignant biliary obstructions including hilar obstruction. However, studies that focus on the efficacy of SEMS in low‐grade and advanced hilar obstructions are still scanty.


Objective: To histologically compare three different alloplasts and assess bone regeneration Study Design: Bone core of three different bone grafts was procured from a grafted site after a period of 6 months and implants were placed. The bone cores were studied histologically at higher magnification and bone formation was analyzed. Results: All the grafts showed good results clinically, however histologically β -TCP had shown better results and more bone formation as compared to others. Conclusion: Chronologically, Powerbone® shows the maximum formation of mature bone followed by Adbone® and then Novabone®


IoT(Internet of things) represents the systems which are connected by number of devices, having sensors and actuators by wired or wireless network. More than 30 million of devices will be connected together by 2025, IoT is one of the technology, which is rapidly growing in the last decade. One of the weakest part in IoT is the "security". IoT systems lacks the security for the data they collect, store & share over the network. Providing the security has become a major challenge. Securities such as preventing the unauthorized access of data, handling overloading of requests for access by authorized user. To approach these challenges for implementing secured IoT environment, we propose a centralized system for allowing only authorized user to access the IoT systems, using cryptography and analyse and maintain logs of the user activity with centralized system and IoT system environment using machine learning.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review research trends and related characteristics of academic interventions in single subject design studies for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and to identify evidence-based practices. Method: For this purpose, this study selected 15 studies and systematically analyzed on the basis of the study subject, intervention strategies, dependent variables, and results. This study also attempted to evaluate the quality of selected studies by using quality indicators suggested by Horner et al. (2005). Results: Characteristics of academic interventions in studies for ASD were as follows: First, more than half of the collected studies delivered interventions individually. Second, interventions were implemented both in inclusive and segregated environments. Third, academic intervention strategies varied. Fourth, majority of studies aimed to improve the ability to read and speak. Fifth, none of the studies met all criteria for quality indicators, especially in terms of social and intervention validities, suggested by Horner et al. (2005). Conclusion: Based on these results, this study emphasized the importance of meeting the criteria for social and intervention validities to provide higher quality of academic interventions for students with ASD.


AUTHOR Romano, Francis A.; Spiecker, Joseph TITLE Educational Media Competencies for Future. Secondary School Teachers: A Comparative Study of Views Held by Secondary School Principals and Academicians. INSTITUTION Nova Univ., Fort Lauderdale, Fla. PUB DATE 12 Jul 74 NOTE 39p.; A practicum presented to Nova University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education (Nova University, July 12, 1974)


The aim of the Chesapeake Bay Fall Line Toxics Monitoring Program has been to determine the annual loads for selected organonitrogen, organophosphorus, and organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons to Chesapeake Bay derived from above the fall line of the Susquehanna River, the bay's largest tributary. Load results are presented in this report for 15 samples collected from March 1992 through February 1993. Annual load estimates were obtained using 14 methods, grouped according to whether they are of averaging, ratio, or regression type to ensure convergence to an approximate mean load value for each contaminant. The results indicated a high degree of uniformity across the methods with most yielding relative deviations 1.5 or less when normalized to the mean load derived from all 14 load estimation methods.