Due to its special spatial organizational form,industrial cluster promotes the relationship between enterprises,strengthens the accumulation of social capital and improves the innovation performance further. This paper puts forward vertical、horizontal and sideling social capita the three dimensions of social capital creatively. But the characteristics of different dimensions of industrial cluster's social capital is not the same under different life cycle stages. This article is based on this view to carry on a thorough discussion to provide reference for the industrial cluster in different life cycle stages to improve innovation performance. The empirical results show: in the formative years,only vertical social capital is significantly positively related to innovation performance; in the growth period,all the vertical social capital、horizontal social capita and the sideling social capita are significantly positively related to innovation performance and the correlation is the most obvious; in mature stage,horizontal social capital and innovation performance shows negative correlation,vertical and sideling social capita are still significantly positively related to innovation performance,but the correlation weakens.


Objectives: To develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Continuing Care Satisfaction Scale for premature infants' parents. Methods: We initially established the Continuing care satisfaction index system by literature review, qualitative research and Delphi consulting method. The content validity, construct validity, internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability of the scale were tested in 180 parents of premature infants. Results: The scale consisted of 4 factors and 21 specific items. The 4 factors were the appearance and attitude of nurses, nurses' competency of Continuing care, humanistic attainment of nurses, and overall evaluation of Continuing care. The content validity index for the scale was 0.964. Four factors were extracted using principal components extraction and totally explained 60.57% of the variance. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.910 and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.807. Conclusion: The Continuing Care Satisfaction Scale for premature infants' parents could embody the connotation of Continuing care and has good reliability and validity. The scale could be used as a effective tool for premature infants Continuing care service.


We use measurements of time and field dependent magnetization reversal in Co/Pd multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy to detect the presence of dilute enclaves of opposite magnetization within a magnetized ferromagnet. Such enclaves are stable due to dipolar fields generated by the surrounding material, and their presence at the onset of reversal can speed the process by orders of magnitude. The field required to suppress these nuclei and reach true magnetic saturation is found to be an order of magnitude higher than the observable macroscopic saturation field. Fatuzzo–Labrune model is extended to describe magnetization reversal starting with ready nucleation domains.


This study aimed to determine the effect of transformational leadership and competence to organizational performance, determine the effect of transformational leadership and competence to organizational performance through organizational commitment. The study was conducted on the organization of PT. Berkat Sahabat Sejati. The sampling technique using saturated samples involving 88 employees in the organization. Analysis of data using path analysis.

Based on data analysis known that transformational leadership and competence variables affect organizational performance. The influence of transformational leadership and competence of the organizational performance through a greater organizational commitment than the direct effect so that it can be said that the organizational commitment variable as an intervening variable.


This paper aims to evaluate financial statement quality (FSQ) using a multi-criteria group evaluation method, which concurrently considers the quantitative examinations and qualitative opinions of the evaluators. Firstly, to describe the influence of cognitive styles on FSQ evaluation, we propose a quantitative hesitant fuzzy judgment description with an embedded assessing attitude. Next, an evaluation index system is established by combining the fundamental qualitative characteristics and the enhancing qualitative characteristics of useful financial information. Then, to overcome the weighting difficulties and achieve maximum consensus, this paper applies a distance-based method to determine the evaluators' weights and a weighted averaging operator to compute the criteria weights. After that, a TOPSIS-based aggregation method is applied to aggregate all ratings. Finally, a practical example of an economic group's FSQ evaluation is provided, and then this method is compared with other current methods to demonstrate its flexibility further.


It plays a significant role in promoting disciplinary group development and evaluating its effectiveness to set up disciplinary groups in an innovative way and to explore the relations of stakeholders and its running mechanism. This paper analyzes the development and practice of competence-ability oriented educational mode for tourism disciplinary groups in vocational colleges in terms of educational objectives,curricular setup,running mechanism,team construction and quality control.


Tea-oil tree (Camellia oleifera), whose seed has an oil-yield rate of about 55%, is an edible oil tree growing specifically in China. Recent research has suggested that the oiliness of tea-oil is far better than that of palm, rape, bean and peanut oil, and could even exceed that of olive oil. More than 90% of tea-oil consists of unsaturated fatty acids including 82% oleic acid, and 8.6% of both linoleic acid and linolenic acid. They are very healthy for humans. Moreover, tea-oil is abundant in vitamins A and E, and lacks the unhealthy compounds sinapic acid and falvacin. Tea-oil exists in the form of oil bodies in seed, and the oleosins and their number determine the quantity and characteristics of the oil product. The biosynthesis process of tea-oil is very complicated and involved many proteins and enzymes. The dynamic of synthesis and the concentration of malonyl coenzyme A decide how soon the saturated fatty acids are made in C. oleifera seed. The key enzymes in the monounsaturated fatty acid formation pathway are stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD), which controls the quantity of unsaturated fatty acids, while the fatty acid desaturases (FADs) are important for the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in C. oleifera seeds. ESTs of many genes relative to the biosynthesis of fatty acids in C. oleifera seed have been identified. However, the acquirement of the complete genetic information of all genes in the fatty acid pathway is essential for gene functional studies with approaches such as prokaryotic overexpression, transgenic plants or RNA interference (RNAi). These will eventually lead to an understanding of the molecular genetics of lipid biosynthesis in C. oleifera. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


The article examines the processes of mixing dielectric fluids under the influence of an applied electric field, realized in the proposed device — capacitive electromechanical energy transducer with liquid rotor. The results of simulation and experimental studies of fluid motion under the influence of the DC voltage are submitted. The conclusion about the possibility of liquids mixing in a DC electric field is made. In addition, the results of simulation and experimental study of fluids movement and mixing under the influence of the three-phase AC voltage are submitted. The conclusion about most effective kind and value of the applied electric field for liquids mixing is made. The velocity values of mixing liquids and the viscosity values of the resulting mixture at different values of the applied voltage are given.


The problem of prediction of resistance to flow in open channels has attracted the attention of hydraulic engineers for a long time. Over the last few decades, the Nikuradse's concept of an equivalent sand grain roughness size has been successfully used in a wide variety of problems involving hydraulic resistance to flow. However, when it comes to practical implications such as vegetated flows, where the relative spacing, size and shape of the roughness elements are particularly important features, then the use of an equivalent roughness size becomes problematic because of the non uniformity of the boundary roughness. To overcome this problem, many researchers have investigated extensively using artificial roughnesses on the channel boundary, to predict the friction factor in rigid boundary open channel flow. By drawing analogies between skin friction and form drag, this study proposes a new friction factor function based on the roughness density. This new formula has been verified using data acquired from several flume experiments, carried out for flow fields with vegetation simulated by artificial cylinders. Results indicate that, for a given geometrical shape, the maximum friction occurs at a particular roughness density, when the bed is fully covered by large eddies. After this the flow resistance starts to decrease irrespective of the increase in roughness density. This variation should be quite similar in all the cases of geometrical shapes of roughness elements. Further this method provides a useful basis for practicing engineers to calculate the friction factor in vegetated flows, flow around bridge piers, etc. It also assists in the determination of when the maximum friction would occur, developing a significant step towards the better understanding of the resistance mechanism.


Recently, attention mechanisms have been extensively investigated in computer vision, but few of them show excellent performance on both large and mobile networks. This paper proposes Dual Rank-1 Tensor Attention Module (DRTAM), a novel residual-attention-learning-guided attention module for feed-forward convolutional neural networks. Given a 3D feature tensor map, DRTAM firstly generates three 2D feature descriptors along three axes. Then, using three descriptors, DRTAM sequentially infers two rank-1 tensor attention maps, the initial attention map and the complement attention map, combines and multiplied them to the input feature map for adaptive feature refinement(see Fig.1(c)). To generate two attention maps, DRTAM introduces rank-1 tensor attention module (RTAM) and residual descriptors extraction module (RDEM): RTAM divides each 2D feature descriptors into several chunks, and generate three factor vectors of a rank-1 tensor attention map by employing strip pooling on each chunk so that local and long-range contextual information can be captured along three dimension respectively; RDEM generates three 2D feature descriptors of the residual feature to produce the complement attention map, using three factor vectors of the initial attention map and three descriptors of the input feature. Extensive experimental results on ImageNet-1K, MS COCO and PASCAL VOC demonstrate that DRTAM achieves competitive performance on both large and mobile networks compare with other state-of-the-art attention modules.


From the angle of the conduction of the sports competitions in ethnic groups,public policy towards nationalities,and the prosperity of tourism,the article intending researching the developments and changes about traditional sports in minority nationality this 30 years since China has been reformed and opening-up,and analyzing the reason,summing up experience,looking into the future,which is to provide reference for the development and research of traditional sports in minority nationality.


Macroalgae can use a wide variety of nitrogenous compounds to fulfill their nitrogen requirements and for growth, with NH4 + being the primary source in most circumstances. The ammonium uptake of Dictyota bartayresiana J.V. Lamoroux and Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss was determined in a series of perturbation experiments under various ammonium concentrations and low irradiance. Uptake experiments were conducted in 360 minutes. Ammonium concentrations used were 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μM and irradiation was 70 μmol photons m -2 s -1 . G. verrucossa had higher ammonium uptake rates than D. bartayresiana. Maximum quantum yield of G. verrucosa was higher in all ammonium treatments compared to initial values, while final maximum quantum yield of D. bartayresiana dropped. A surge ammonium uptake rate was observed in the first 15 minutes for both species. G. verrucosa showed no saturation point over the time intervals up to 360 minutes, whereas D. bartayresiana reached saturation and showed discoloration. These results indicated that G. verrucosa may be better suited for high ammonium environments.


In this paper, we propose a new method for generating volumetric holograms using point cloud and mesh. Traditional digital holograms only record information about specific viewpoints. In this paper, we propose a method to store real objects in the form of omnidirectional 3D point cloud and mesh, and to generate holograms of various views of the stored point cloud. In order to record a better-quality hologram, a method of weighting the brightness of a light source according to the direction of light is proposed.


The article presents a review of the technical characteristics and an introduction to the appearance of fan station VO - 22/14AR when it is first put into operation in the Lo Tri area, Thong Nhat coal mine. When this new fan station comes into operation, it will affect the overall ventilation system of the mine. Therefore, it is necessary to check, calculate, evaluate and determine the reasonable working mode of two main fan stations 2K56 - No24 and VO - 22/14AR. The results show that for two fan stations 2K56 - No24 and VO - 22/14AR, the associated fans should be operated in impeller angles of 35 and 50 degrees, respectively. The impeller angles create an overall airflow Qbp of 236.8 m3/s and an air pressure Hbp of 390 mm H20 that fulfill the ventilation requirement of the mine.


The 2008 film Taken depicts the murderous rampage of an ex-CIA agent seeking to recover his teenage daughter from foreign sex traffickers. I argue that Taken articulates a demand for a white male protector to serve as both guardian and avenger of white women's "purity" against the purportedly violent and sexual impulses of third world men. A neocolonial narrative retold through film, Taken infers that the protection of white feminine purity legitimates both male conquest abroad and overbearing protection of young women at home. I contend that popular films such as Taken are a part of the broader cultural system of representing social reality that elicit popular adherence to common-sense myths of white masculinity, feminine purity, and Orientalism.


Kantorovich inequality is a very useful tool to study the inefficiency of the ordinary least-squares estimate with one regressor. When regressors are more than one statisticians have to extend it. Matrix, determinant, and trace versions of it have been presented in the literature. In this paper, we provide matrix Euclidean norm Kantorovich inequalities.


Communities of Practice are continuously growing knowledge-sharing communities on the web, with the problem of applying metrics to their data gaining more and more interest. In the context of this work, a first attempt is made to apply sentiment analysis on communities of practice. An already existing movie review dataset from Imdb is used, and the first Stack Overflow dataset is created manually. A classifier is implemented in .NET based on the Naive Bayes algorithm, combined with a tokenizer implementing the bag-of-words model. Also, for comparison, a second classifier is implemented using Weka libraries, translated into .NET. Finally, the two classifiers together with the datasets are integrated into an existing from previous work application, that connects to the Stack Exchange API and retrieves data real-time. Classifiers are tested and their performance is measured, ranging from 81% to 86%.


Under control: A new concept for synthesizing monodispersed coordination polymer (CP) nanoparticles is established. By utilizing a chelating agent that is coordinated to the metal ions, the subsequent coordination process between metal ions and ligands is controllable (see figure). The obtained nanocubes with uniform sizes can be self-assembled into periodically ordered arrangements. This phenomenon is useful for sensing applications, such as those with responsive photonic crystals.


The state and prospects of employment are becoming the object of heightened social anxiety despite the fact that as recently as the mid-1980s the majority of the Soviet working people were not alarmed about the possibility of losing their jobs and having to find new ones.1


Cache attacks exploit the hardware vulnerabilities inherent to modern processors and pose a new threat to Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Intuitively, different cache parameter configurations directly impact the attack effectiveness, but the current research on this issue is not systematic or comprehensive enough. This paper's primary focus is to evaluate how different cache parameter configurations affect access-driven attacks. We build a flexible and configurable simulation verification environment based on the Chipyard framework. To reduce the interference of other factors, we established a baseline for each category of parameter evaluation. We propose a novel evaluation model, called Key Score Scissors Differential (KSSD), for evaluating common private and shared cache parameters under the local and cross-core attack models, respectively; among these are private cache replacement policy, private cache capacity, cache line size, private cache associativity, shared cache capacity, and shared cache associativity. Ours is the first evaluation of the shared cache under a cross-core attack model. As a result of the evaluation, the quantitative metrics can provide a reliable indication of information leakage level under the current cache configuration, which is helpful for attackers, defenders, and evaluators. Furthermore, we provide detailed explanations and discussions of inconsistent findings by comparing our results with the existing literature.


A highly effective easily reversible intrauterine device that releases a low level of levonorgestrel and can be kept in place for up to 5 years will become available early this year. The IUD to be marketed under the trade name Mirena has been available in Europe for lo years. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration last month and will be the third IUD on the U.S. market. In studies Mirena had a 5-year cumulative failure rate below I% slightly below that of surgical sterilization. IUD use among U.S. women has been extremely low pegged at less than 1% of contraceptive users. But some features of Mirena could be especially appealing to certain women according to two investigators in the U.S. trial of the device. They spoke during a teleconference on Mirena held by Berlex Laboratories which is marketing the device in this country. (excerpt)


The echo canceling quality is poor under the highly related and the large dynamic range of audio signal combined the processing thousand adaptive taps.Sub-band decomposition and synthesis can reduce computational complexity and improve convergence speed.However,the decomposition and synthesis can also introduce external signal delay in the circuit.An improved double-channel filters algorithm is proposed in which mapping the sub-band adaptive filter to the full band filter is used to avoid signal delay.At the same time,the double-channel filters are used to make the echo canceling system work under the least residual echo power.The simulation results show the more rapid convergence speed and better echo canceling under the single-talk condition.


The interest to use polymeric materials derived from renewable resources increases continuously due to considerably improved environmental awareness and the expected depletion of petrochemical ressources. In this regard, Poly(lactic acid), PLA, is a biopolymer that can respond to the demand for such materials for a wide range of applications, thanks to interesting mechanical properties such as high tensile/flexural strength and rigidity, in particular. However, in many cases, durable applications of PLA have been significantly limited by its inherent brittleness and limited thermal stability. In this dissertation, we focused on the design of new biobased PLA materials for automotive parts subjected to severe loading and environmental conditions, by improving thermal and mechanical properties, including under high strain rate loadings. Thus, the most promising compound is selected as the one that offers the best balance between different properties (ductility, strength and stiffness, impact toughness, good thermal stability…) with a content of bio-sourced polymer in the blend at least equal to 50%. Other strategies to improve crystallinity of PLA-based compounds are also studied. In all those developments, a particular attention is paid to the study of structure-process-properties interactions.


The oral selective MEK inhibitor trametinib improved progression-free and overall survival over chemotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma with a BRAF mutation, according to a new phase III trial.


Land cover information are needed to support decision making process on natural resource management. Remote sensing has been provideingr a huge distribution of geographical land cover information on various spatial scales. Landsat 8 OLI can be used on various applications and researches, including on land cover classification. Parameters used on land cover identification can be extracted from Landsat 8 OLI ( Operational Land Imager ). The research tried to explore land cover classification in Kuningan District by using two different classification methods, visual and digital maximum likelihood using Landsat 8 OLI acquired on August 5 th 2014. The main objectives of the research were to develop land cover map and assess the result accuracy on both different methods used. Confusion matrix using Overall accuracy and Kappa value was used as a reference on defining the accuracy. As a result, visual interpretation identified 10 land cover classes with Overall accuracy of 94.02% and Kappa value of 0.93. While digital maximum likelihood identified 10 land cover classes with Overall accuracy of 93.17% and Kappa value of 0.92.


The effect of calcium salts (calcium nitrate and calcium chloride) and Gibberellic acid on physiological loss in weight (PLW %), spoilage loss (%), economic life (days) and intensity of rotting of fruits during storage of Langra mangoes was studied. The fruits were treated with Ca(NO3)2 at the concentration of 1,2 and 3 per cent, CaCl2 at the concentration of 1,2 and 3 per cent and GA3 at the concentration of 50, 100 and 150 ppm. Untreated fruits served as the control. All treatments exhibited significant reduction in PLW and spoilage loss, increased economic life and delay in the onset of pathogenic invasion. At end of experiment, GA3 100 ppm and Ca(NO3)2 at 2 per cent proved most promising treatment in these regards and were able to restrict the PLW at 17.86and18.33, Spoilage at 12.00 and 12.65 per cent respectively which was recorded 49.87 and 38.76 per cent respectively in case of control. The economic life under these treatments was 15 and 12 days in comparison to 6 days under control. These treatments were also proved excellent in restricting the invasion of pathogen up to 12th day of storage whereas fruits under control were found heavily infected on this day. The microorganism associated with the decay was identified as Aspergillus niger.


A closed-form solution to the angles-only initial relative orbit determination (IROD) problem for space rendezvous with non-cooperated target is developed, where a method of hybrid dynamics with the concept of virtual formation is introduced to analytically solve the problem. Emphasis is placed on developing the solution based on hybrid dynamics (i.e., Clohessy-Wiltshire equations and two-body dynamics), obtaining formation geometries that produce relative orbit state observability, and deriving the approximate analytic error covariance for the IROD solution. A standard Monte Carlo simulation system based on two-body dynamics is used to verify the feasibility and evaluate the performance proposed algorithms. The sensitivity of the solution accuracy to the formation geometry, observation numbers is presented and discussed.


In recent years, the presence of mobile robots in diverse scenarios has considerably increased, to solve a variety of tasks [...]


Sleep apnea is a disorder in which people are unable to breathe while they are sleeping. The goal of this project is to design a medical device that can be used as a diagnostic tool for preliminary diagnosis of sleep apnea. The signals measured will be the respiratory rate measurement, the oxygen concentration in blood and chest oscillations. The system architecture will be divided into 5 parts, the microcontroller, the external communications, data storage, power management, and signal conditioning part. The data stored will be transmitted wirelessly to a clinic's office. The physician can interpret the data received from the medical device the next morning and conclude what the patient's condition is. There will be sensors designed to measure airflow, temperature and oxygen level. The design for the airflow and temperature measurements will be made through a Wheatstone Bridge circuit using thermistors. To measure the saturation of oxygen in the blood, a pulse oximetry technique will be used. Also, to measure chest oscillations, an accelerometer will be used. The sleep apnea diagnostic device will be available at a low cost and can be administered at home, so patients can afford to purchase it. The device will also reduce costs for the patient because the patient does not have to pay for an overnight stay at the clinic to determine if he or she has sleep apnea. High costs may occur if the doctor decides the patient needs further tests, but for patients who do not have sleep apnea, however think they are inflicted with the disorder, will not have to pay for an expensive one night stay at the clinic.


Clathrin-mediated endocytosis has been linked to auxin-carrier cycling in unstressed cells. Nevertheless, the endocytosis pathway involved in salt stress remains elusive. Recently, two Epsin-like clathrin adaptors (ECA1 and ECA4) were found enriched in the peripheral membrane fraction of salt-stressed Arabidopsis roots. Here, we investigate a possible role of ECA1 and ECA4 in the halotropic response, root system architecture and subcellular localization of the auxin-efflux carrier, Pin-formed 2 (PIN2) during salt stress. Additionally, we screened for proteins that interact with ECA4 using a tandem-affinity purification assay. Proteins identified were involved in cell division, vacuolar sorting and actin cytoskeleton organization. During halotropism, opposite phenotypes were found for ECA1- and ECA4- KO mutants. Loss-of-ECA4 also resulted in longer main and lateral roots and a higher lateral root density. Using a GFP fusion, ECA1 was found to be enriched in the cytosol upon salt treatment. However, following PIN2-GFP in an eca1 and eca4 background revealed no changes in the sub-cellular localization of PIN2 compared to wildtype. Our results indicate roles for ECA1 and ECA4 during salt stress, in cellular processes that are not linked to PIN2 localization.


The CO 2 concentration of the atmosphere is increasing and is expected to double sometime near the middle of the next century. To determine the effects of such a CO 2 increase on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) growth and productivity, a series of experiments from 1983 through 1987 were conducted with open-top CO 2 -enriched field chambers at ample as well as limiting levels of water and N at Phoenix, AZ. Comparisons with open-field plots showed that there was a significant chamber effect, amounting to a 30% average increase in growth inside, but under dry conditions in 1985, the situation was reversed. No significant effects of CO 2 on harvest index, root-shoot ratio, or lint percentage were found, so the primary effect of elevated CO 2 was to produce plants that were larger [...]


Though established in the nineteen-thirties, the Radcliffe Observatory in Pretoria was only able to make use of its main instrument from 1948 onwards. At the start of this period, Andrew David Thackeray was appointed Chief Assistant. In 1950 he became the Radcliffe Observer, in which post he remained until the closure of the establishment in 1974. For these twenty-four years he directed its science and was responsible for many of its most interesting achievements. In this year, the International Year of Astronomy, it is appropriate to remind ourselves of his important contributions to the field.


Effect of UV-B radiation on contents of Rubisco and H2O2 and proteolytic activity in leaves of seedlings of two alfalfa varieties was studied.0.4 W/m2 UV-B treatment caused the content of H2O2 and proteolytic activity increased and the content of Rubisco decreased.The increase scope of content of H2O2 and proteolytic activity and decrease scope of Rubisco in leaves of Zhunger alfalfa under UV-B treatment was larger than that multi-leaves type of alfalfa 8925.Ascorbic acid(ASA) treatment can significantly reduce the content of H2O2 in seedlings of two cultivars,meanwhile obviously inhibit increase of proteolytic activity and decrease of content of Rubisco,UV-B-induced decrease in Rubisco amount may be that activation of proteolytic system was reinforced through increase of H2O2 level to speed up the decomposition of Rubisco,which showed that UV-B radiation had physiological effect on young leaves of alfalfa.


Healthcare Information system requirements differ from other existing applications. The gap between existing application and medical care needs makes it more complex. To get the maximum benefit of Ubiquitous healthcare system it is necessary to build a Middleware between different ubiquitous applications which can play an important role in management of data and information processing. To enable medical personal for real-time triage, correlation with hospital records and long-term observation of patients is necessary, while sharing the most accurate and real-time patient information. The technology requirements of various domains are increasing, such as distributed platforms are commonly in use, the quality of service requirements for ubiquitous Healthcare systems are increasing as the low level sensor network grows powerful, customers ask for platform independent software and interoperability, etc. Middleware is a class of software technologies designed to help manage the complexity and heterogeneity inherent in distributed systems. It is defined as a layer of software above the operating system but below the application program that provides a common programming abstraction across a distributed system. Middleware can be classifying into two levels, low level middleware and high level middleware. Low level middleware exist between different sensor node, raw data and their application. High level middleware exist between different application which is used for exchange data and communication between various applications. If we first take the consideration then we find there is great work has been done on low level middleware and their different technology. Like Mobiware, ALICE, CAMUS, MiLAN etc. but if we talk about high level middleware then we find there is not good work has been done. And we find that without the proper research of this field we can not achieve the real ubiquitous healthcare system. In this paper, we present a review of the low level and high level middleware literature and then enumerate these common features and then we briefly presents our own middleware system and how it relates to these features.


An algorithm for minimum cut of a fault tree based on step function is provided.According to analyzing the characteristic of the logic of "and" and "or" gates,a conversion rule between the logic of fault tree and the step function is derived.Using this conversion,fault tree to step function con be converced which is easy to calculate by programming in the computer.The amelioration of the algorithm can cut down calculated amount dramatically.The results of exemplified calculation demonstrate that minimum cuts of fault tree can be accurately and quickly obtained.


GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE CHEMISTRY OF DITHIOCARBAMATES, THEIR METALLIC COMPLEXES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH IMPORTANTE ENZYMES – A BRIEF REVISION. Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) comprise a series of compounds included in the class of 1,1`dithiolates. The application of these organic molecules in the coordination chemistry of some metals is well explored in the last decades, along with their potential applications in medicinal chemistry. In view of our expertise in this field, the syntheses of new DTCS, their coordination chemistry towards various metallic cations and their biocide activities, we summarize in this manuscript the outcomes of some investigations registered in the literature, involving the interactions of DTCs or their complexes with some key enzymes such as carbonic anhydrases, superoxide dismutase, urease, tyrosinase, glutathione, caspases and dehydrogenases. It is provided with a brief introduction of the chemistry of DTCs, electrochemistry, the kinetics of formation, solubility and stability towards solvation. The next topics summarize the results of some experiments concerning the inhibition of these cited enzymes effected by DTCs and some of their coordination complexes. The final remarks and conclusion of the outcomes are provided at the end of the manuscript.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in soldering of porous materials with substrate for, for example, sealing of gas turbine engine blade ends or in fabrication of noise damping panels. Powder solder alloy with organic binder is arranged between porous material and substrate. Soldering is performed with application of pressure for solder compaction. Content of solder alloy liquid phase displacing in soldering is limited by 10% by maintenance of soldering working temperature at the temperature of solidus-liquidus range and/or addition of filler to said soldering alloy. Soldering alloy can be configured to 100-500 mcm deep tape. Organic binder can be represented by acrylic resin copolymer. Soldering agent or filler powder features particle size of 10-100 mcm. EFFECT: reliable bonding at minimum change in porosity owing to impregnation of porous material by not over 500 mcm. 7 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex


Variety comparison of cotton was studied at Kashi region.The results showed that the yield,quality and other aspects of Xinluzhong 36were better than other varieties.Its agronomic traits were suitable for harvesting machinery,comprehensive characters of Xinluzhong 36 were good,it was worth demonstrating and promoting.


One of the criteria in determining underdeveloped areas is the quality of human resources which there is an increase in quality of human resources it will increase the community's welfare. But in fact, Sumatera Island contributed 7 out of 62 underdeveloped areas in Indonesia since 2020. It can be caused by the criteria of determining underdeveloped areas, which is looking at the quality of human resources. The indicator that is often used in measuring human resource development is the Human Development Index (HDI) which divided into three factors, namely poverty, healthiness, and education. The aims of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the human development index in 7 underdeveloped areas on the Sumatera Island. This study is quantitative research methods using secondary data in the form time series data from 2016 to 2020 and cross section data of 7 districts analyzed by panel data regression analysis with Eviews 9 program. The results of this study indicate that the poverty have a negative and insignificant on HDI. Moreover, healthiness and education has significantly positive effect on HDI. All of variables in this study explain 93,24% of towards HDI in underdeveloped areas.


In order to analyze the operating condition of the leakage current of the insulator effectively, a cluster structure clustering algorithm based on density named DBClustering is designed. In this paper, four characteristic values of leakage current are extracted from the two aspects of leakage current in time domain and frequency domain, then the leakage current data sample set is formed, after that DBClustering algorithm was used to cluster and analyze this set . By extracting and analyzing the leakage current data collected in the laboratory, corresponding experiments show that the algorithm is superior to the traditional density clustering algorithm in terms of time and space consumption, and it is helpful to analyze the state of leakage current assessment and flashover studies.


Using a panel of financial information for a matched-pair sample of nonprofit organizations, this study investigates the effect of a major facilities investment on nonprofit financial vulnerability metrics. The findings suggest that a nonprofit organization's equity and surplus ratios are highly correlated with its vulnerability level. Furthermore, investments in facilities are associated with increased equity ratios and decreased operating margins, but nonprofits become less liquid post-facility project completion. Additionally, after investing in projects, organizational liabilities increase more than assets; expense increases outpace those in revenue, including both contributions and program service revenue.


Adapting the whole society approach, IMARET complements the effort by the Ministry of Health in battling the pandemic by working with various parties, which includes United Nation agencies, government agencies, corporate sectors and NGOs. Since 16th March 2020, IMARET has responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by mobilizing medical and non-medical volunteers, and providing medical equipment and supplies to support the healthcare facilities throughout Malaysia.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2022 Page: S11


The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive research was to study the situation of health performance practiced by health teachers in schools. Four hundred and forty set of questionnaire were sent directly between August and October 2009 to the school health teachers all over Thailand selected by simple random sampling. Only 237 (53.9 %) participants responded. Statistically descriptive data and conclusion of content were used to elicit themes. The study results showed that all subjects of this survey hold the position of teacher with their responsibility of school health activities. Almost all (99.2 %) schools were public. Most (72.2%) of the teachers' educational background were bachelor's degree in non health science. The average year of the school health teacher's role was 4.9, 2.26 years. Their responsibilities in school health teacher's role were 1) Teaching, average 19.1 hours/week. 2) Their responsibility for student's health included 2.1) taking care for the sick (96.2%) 2.2) for referring students to be diagnosed and appropriately treated (94.5 %) 2.3) coordinating with public health workers for physical examination (87.8 %) 2.4) Health examinations of students (80.6 %) 2.5) health education (78.5 %). The three main opinions from the teachers were 1) workshop training in school health services, 2) providing health personal working for school health activity at the school, 3) having appropriate health media resources. In conclusions, it would be necessary to develop the school health teachers to strengthen their potential by training in all aspects of school health activities. Key words: health teachers, school health activity


Abstract Purpose Few researchers have explained disparities in mental health between sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents by focusing on structural forms of stigma as, for instance, heterosexist school or classroom norms. Addressing this gap, our paper aimed to study disparities in life satisfaction, psychosomatic complaints, and emotional problems between sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents and examine the moderating role of heterosexist norms in the classroom and school. Methods We used data from the 2013 and 2017 Dutch Health and Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study (N = 12,756; M age = 14.02; SD = 1.54). Separate multi-level analyses for life satisfaction, psychosomatic complaints, and emotional problems were conducted in which cross-level interaction effects between sexual attraction and school and classroom-level heterosexist norms were estimated. Results Same-sex attracted, both-sex attracted, and adolescents unsure about their sexual attraction reported lower life satisfaction, more psychosomatic complaints (not for unsure adolescents), and more emotional problems than their other-sex attracted peers. Stronger school-level heterosexist norms were associated with higher life satisfaction and fewer psychosomatic complaints and fewer emotional problems. Stronger classroom-level heterosexist norms were associated with less emotional problems. Few moderating effects of classroom and school-level heterosexist norms were found. Contrary to expectations, disparities in life satisfaction between same-sex attracted and other-sex attracted adolescents decreased when classroom-level heterosexist norms were stronger. Conclusions Although our findings suggest pressing health disparities between heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents, heterosexist norms at the school- and classroom-level hardly contributed to these health disparities.


In the summer of 1920, as the I.R.A.'s guerrilla campaign against the Royal Irish Constabulary and the British Army approached its climax, the British government attempted to reinforce the R.I.C. by raising a force of ex-officers to act as a mobile police striking force. The new organization was called the Auxiliary Division of the R.I.C, and its members, though officially referred to as 'cadets', were popularly called Auxiliaries or Auxis, a denomination which suggests a kind of subconscious analogy with their I.R.A. opponents, who were generally known as 'Volunteers'. In the subsequent mythology of the Irish 'Troubles' the Auxiliaries were generally lumped together with the 'Black and Tans' but were in fact a more elite body. The 'Black and Tans' were ex-servicemen recruited to serve as R.I.C. constables and initially kitted out in a motley of R.I.C. dark green and Army khaki. The Auxiliaries on the other hand were nattily dressed in tarn o'shanters, khaki tunics and puttees (or officer's gaiters) and were paid a pound a day — twice the R.I.C. constable's rate — which made them the most highly-paid uniformed force in the world at that time.1 Altogether only 2,214 were recruited (with perhaps two-thirds that number in service at the peak of the formation's strength), but they did more than their fair share to discredit the British regime in Ireland.


This paper is the study of the theoretical models of mental health promotion and behavior change. It presents the Integrated Model of Health Promotion and Behavior Change theory as it applies to Internet Self-Help to show how the Internet by Case Identification through the screening recruitment strategy enhances prevention and early intervention in mild to moderate depression in the high-prevalence target group of 18-24 year University students. It found that early detection can be facilitated most cost-effectively through case identification by targeted population screening of at-risk groups. It shows, using the conceptual and transtheoretical models of behavior change, how such strategies lead to a decrease in the incidence, severity and longevity of depression. Early detection through case identification gives help that is personalized, widely accessible, can help a large proportion of the community and may lead to a decrease in health care costs.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), broke out in late 2019 to become a serious global threat to human health. The recent, rapid development of vaccines against COVID-19 represents a huge achievement and offers hope of ending the global pandemic. However, only a fraction of the world population can receive vaccines as of yet. As a result, large numbers of people continue to be exposed and become infected. Therefore, finding effective and low-priced drugs against COVID-19 and carrying out clinical trials of these drugs remain a worthwhile and beneficial pursuit.


The Special Music Program (SMP) was designed 30 years ago to train talented young musicians in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the SMPs. Research questions of the study are (a) how well SMPs prepare young musicians to enter college level training? (b) Did the length of training in the SMP affect students' music achievement in college level music courses. It was found that grades of SMP graduates were significantly better than non-SMP graduates in Major, Minor instrument, Orchestra, and Music fundamentals courses. The length of SMP training had an influence on students' achievement. In addition, the length of SMP experience could predict the grades in Major Minor instrument, and Orchestra courses for certain period of time.


We constructed a sex allocation model for parasitic wasps to explain the wide variation in their sex ratio, considering the effects of local mate competition, partial dispersal of progeny before mating, and heterogeneity in host quality among patches. We conducted an experiment to compare with the predictions of our model. We considered the following situations. First, the hosts are distributed in discrete patches: a number of female wasps visit and oviposit in each patch. Second, all the progeny do not mate within the natal patch; some of them disperse to take part in population‐wide random mating. We calculated ES sex ratios in cases where there are two kinds of patches: good ones and poor ones. We examined the dependency of ES sex ratios on several parameters, i.e., 1) the probability that a daughter mates in her natal patch, 2) the ratio of the female fitness of the good patch to that of the poor patch, 3) the proportion of poor patches, and 4) the number of foundresses in a patch. The result of our experiment showed the same tendency as the calculation in case where the LMC effect is high in each patch. We briefly discuss a possible selection pressure for dispersal of progeny, with special reference to the mating structure of parasitic wasps.


The ability of autonomous obstacle avoidance in complex dynamic environments has become a key problem to be solved urgently for UAVs. Aiming at the shortcomings of existing obstacle avoidance algorithms that avoid obstacles by adjusting the direction or speed, based on the speed obstacle method, a hybrid obstacle avoidance strategy with simultaneous direction and speed adjustment is proposed. First, according to the principle of the speed obstacle method, it is judged whether there is a flight conflict between the UAV and the dynamic obstacle; then in the scenario of a single dynamic obstacle, the mathematical formula is used to accurately derive the difference between the heading and the speed that the UAV needs to adjust to avoid obstacles. Under the constraints of the objective function, the optimal obstacle avoidance strategy is solved, and then the 3rd B-spline is used to perform the path smoothing operation; the final simulation shows that under the threat of a single dynamic obstacle, the proposed method in this paper The algorithm is effective and efficient.


Financial statement fraud (FSF) has cost market participants, including investors, creditors, pensioners, and employees, more than $500 billion during decades. Especially in recent years, with the worldwide use of financial systems in companies, governments and universities, fraud in financial systems can be in terms of computer, network, customer or even staff and all will remain keys in assessing financial system risk. Traditional methods such as auditing or statistics models used to detect fraud in FSF can't effectively select the intrinsic features in financial systems. This paper focuses on identity theft fraud in financial systems and proposes an integrated framework including subjective methods and objective models for fraud detection in financial systems. The subjective and objective integrated framework employs AHP and rough set (RS) to analyze the fraud scenarios, select the intrinsic features, detect the abnormities and alarm. The proposed framework used to detect identity theft fraud can be also used to detect and prevent other types of fraud in financial systems.


The 12th North American Agroforestry Conference, Agroforestry: A Profitable Land Use, was held June 4-9, 2011 with the Association of Temperate Agroforestry (AFTA). The conference was hosted by the University of Georgia, in Athens. The conference concentrated on the questions of research on agroforestry, development, policy, education and entrepreneurial projects. The report reminds the themes of the conference; gives some outlines of the field trip and web link to know more. It lists the items we promoted during the conference: Cirad and Catie teams, a distance learning on social methods, a book on ecosystem services, the Intens&fix project... (Resume d'auteur)


Innovation has emerged as the major determinant in economic development. Globally, the cluster concept is practiced with the aim of maximizing outcomes. The typology and evolution of clusters are nevertheless significantly diverse, and show large variations between developed and developing countries, between large and small countries and between countries differing in their S&T policy and institutional frameworks. The present paper explores the status of innovation and innovation clusters in India and the Caribbean countries. It evaluates the policy framework, organization and nature of clusters, technology focus of the innovation players and the unique institutional mechanisms that are in place. It is apparent that while both India and the CARICOM have endeavoured to evolve policies consistent with bolstering economic competitiveness through energising the National Innovation System, significant work needs to be focussed at the implementation level. India, with its relatively stronger S&T institutions, can play a key role in catalysing a co-learning ecosystem that would leverage innovation in both India and the Caribbean. Europe's innovation clusters could be used as possible benchmark, albeit with reasonable caution.


To the Editor. —Since our work was referenced and, we believe, unfairly dismissed by Robin and colleagues, 1 we would like to clarify our study regarding pilocarpine therapy after argon laser trabeculoplasty. 2 The authors correctly stated that our study demonstrated a reduction in both the frequency and incidence of post-laser trabeculoplasty intraocular pressure (IOP) spikes when 4% pilocarpine was administered postoperatively. Their statement that our "study has not been confirmed by other authors" misleads the reader by suggesting that subsequent studies have disproved our results. To the best of our knowledge, the study has not been systematically repeated by any others, thus neither confirming nor refuting the results. The reference to our report as a "pilot study" is also misleading. In fact, it included a prospective, doublemasked study of 44 patients, more than half as many as Robin and associates have exposed to ALO 2145 [2-(4-amino-2,6-dichloro)-phenylimino-imidazolidine]. We were as


significant challenge in the field ~ of early childhood special education is providing qualified personnel to serve young children with special needs and their families (Winton, McCollum, & Catlett, 1997). Attracting and retaining a diverse workforce and preparing personnel in developing crosscultural competence within the context of an interdisciplinary model are recommended practices (Division for Early Childhood [DEC], 2004; Sandall, McLean, & Smith, 2000; Stayton, Miller, & Dinnebeil, 2003) that have received attention as our nation's


Producing customised products in a short time at low cost is one of the goals of agile manufacturing. To achieve this goal an assembly-driven differentiation strategy has been proposed in the agile manufacturing literature. In this paper, we address a manufacturing system that applies the assembly-driven differentiation strategy. The system consists of machining and assembly stages, where there is a single machine at the machining stage and multiple identical assembly stations at the assembly stage. An ant colony optimisation (ACO) algorithm is developed for solving the scheduling problem of determining the sequence of parts to be produced in the system so as to minimise the maximum completion time (or makespan). The ACO algorithm uses a new dispatching rule as the heuristic desirability and variable neighbourhood search as the local search to make it more efficient and effective. To evaluate the performance of heuristic algorithms, a branch-and-bound procedure is proposed for deriving the optimal solution to the problem. Computational results show that the proposed ACO algorithm is superior to the existing algorithm, not only improving the performance but also decreasing the computation time.


Lupus Erythematosus Profundus With Extensive Calcification Lupus erythematosus profundus, also called lupus panniculitis, is an unusual variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, characterized by chronic, recurrent, inflammatory, subcutaneous nodules and plaques. It appears most frequently in middle-aged women, but children may also be affected. Lupus erythematosus profundus can be observed in patients with discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, or as an isolated phenomenon. The incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with lupus erythematosus profundus varies from 2%–10%, and discoid lesions are present in 30%–70% of lupus panniculitis patients. Typical findings include asymptomatic or painful indurated subcutaneous nodules and plaques associated with variable depression and erythema of the overlying skin. Lesions typically heal with scarring and lipoatrophy. The most common locations include upper extremities, face, trunk, scalp, buttocks, and thighs, in decreasing frequency. Histopathologic findings in 50%–67% of cases include changes of discoid lupus erythematosus, such as atrophy of the epidermis, vacuolar change at the dermoepidermal junction, thickened basement membrane, interstitial mucin between collagen bundles of the dermis, and superficial and deep perivascular inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes. In the rest, the changes are confined to the subcutaneous fat, mostly a lobular panniculitis with inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of lymphocytes. Septal involvement is variable. A characteristic feature is the presence of lymphoid follicles found in up to 47% of cases. Collagen bundles of subcutaneous septa appear to be hyaline and sclerotic and also contain an interstitial inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Hyaline sclerosis is seen surrounding individual adipocytes; in more advanced examples, glassy eosinophilic necrosis gives a diffusely hyalinized appearance to the subcutaneous fat. Less constant features include lymphocytic vasculitis in the small blood vessels of the fat lobule, hyaline necrosis of the vessel walls, mucin between collagen bundles, and numerous eosinophils in the inflammatory infiltrate. As in other variants of lobular panniculitis, late-stage lesions of lupus erythematosus profundus may show membranocystic changes. Calcification of lesions of lupus erythematosus profundus is rare and present in less than 10% of case studies. When it is present, it frequently occurs within older lesions and is associated with pain, as exemplified in our patient. There is no evidence-based protocol for treatment of lupus erythematosus profundus. Therapeutic options include antimalarials, systemic or intralesional corticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dapsone. One case with prominent calcification was responsive to diltiazem and chloroquine. In this case, the histopathological findings were characteristic of late-stage lupus erythematosus panniculitis, with prominent dystrophic calcification, with only mild inflammatory infiltrate. The patient was taken off of belimumab and started on thalidomide 100 mg every night at time of publication.


THE space of distribution of inorganic iodide in the body is usually considered to be within the confines of the extracellular fluid. There are, however, certain special mechanisms for handling iodide which alter this distribution. Since the iodide compartment or space is of importance in many rate calculations, the following determinations of space of distribution and rate of loss from the blood of radioactive iodine (I131) were made in the rat.2 Among the special mechanisms is the ability of the salivary and gastric glands to concentrate and secrete iodide at about 30 times the plasma concentration. Further quantitative information seemed desirable and readily accessible since the salivary and gastric glands simply concentrate iodide and do not bind it to protein and the secretions of these glands can be continuously collected and measured. It was the aim of this study to measure the rate of iodide secretion by the salivary and gastric glands and to study the factors which modify this function.


A technique for electron multiplication in gas is being developed that lends itself to easy fabrication with lithographic techniques. Moreover, the electrical characteristics of the resulting device are very stable. Comprising an array of anode pins that are recessed into a closely-packed hexagonal cathode, the micro-pin array (MIPA) represents a promising addition to micro-pattern detectors with two-dimensional sensitivity. We describe the electrostatic rationale behind the MIPA detectors design, the fabrication technique, and X-ray results that illustrate electrical stability and high rate capability.


Compositions and devices including collagen and a metalloprotease inhibitor, and methods of making and using same. The compositions may further include hydroxyapatite. Within certain embodiments the MMPI is a Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinas (e.g.,.TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3 or TIMP-4). Within other embodiments, the MMPI is tetracycline, or an analog or derivative thereof (e.g., minocycline, or doxycline); a hydroxamate (e.g., BATIMISTAT, MARIMISTAT, or, TROCADE); RO- 1130830, CGS 27023A, BMS-275291, CMT-3, SOLIMASTAT, ILOMASTAT, CP-544439, PRINOMASTAT, PNU-1427690, or SU-5402. In other aspects, the MMPI may be a polypeptide inhibitor (e.g., an inhibitor of a matalloprotease maturase), a mercapto-based compound, or a bisphosphanate.


The talent cultivation mode of innovation and entrepreneurship is the inherent requirement to realize the transformation and development of local universities and improve the quality of applied talent cultivation. Aiming at the problems of the separation of education and production in the agricultural engineering of the local agricultural college, and the lagging of the course content in the development of the industry, as well as combining the characteristics of local economic development, this paper sets up a goal of scientific talent cultivation, builds up a new talent cultivation operation mode and puts into practice accordingly, at the same time, provides reference for local undergraduate innovative talent cultivation. Keywords—local agricultural universities; innovation and entrepreneurship; talent cultivation mode; exploration and practice I. PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING SPECIALTY OF LOCAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES At present, employment of students in agricultural universities is not optimistic, with employment rate being 98% 5 years ago but being 86% in 2016, and the number of students engaged in the professional work is decreasing. The reason is the gap between education and industry is more serious, the school talent has been not suitable for the development of society. On one hand, it is not easy for recruitment unit to recruit university students who can meet job requirement. On the other hand, university students can't find jobs which are suitable for professional development. As a result, they loss confidence and interests in their study. Through the study, we found that there are several aspects of restricting talent cultivation. First of all, model of the professional orientation, training objectives and talent cultivation has not met the needs of society. Secondly, it is necessary to adjust not only the teaching system, teaching mode and method, but also teaching staff. For traditional mode, the teaching system focus on theory but not emphasize on practice[1], so that the students loss their interests. However, the teachers, especially the young teachers, are mostly the research scholars graduated from the universities, who have no experience in production and lack of practical experience. And the content of the course lags behind the development of the industry[2].Furthermore, the assessment of the education quality, is still based on the theoretical assessment mostly, but practice supplemented, which did not focus on the evaluation of students' comprehensive ability. In view of the above problems, this paper probes into the reform of the talent cultivation mode of measurement &control technology and instrument. We are positioning for the application of professional, innovative and entrepreneurial talent cultivation mode. II. RESEARCH ON THE TALENT CULTIVATION OPERATION MODE OF INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP Research on the talent cultivation operation mode of innovation and Entrepreneurship Through literature research, research on the talent cultivation mode of local engineering specialty universities for innovation and entrepreneurship education, can be divided into four types of innovative talent cultivation mode: "research experimentation area construction" and "incubator" and "discipline event", "school enterprise cooperation [3]". The local university innovation and professional operation mode has more than one type to run. From different dimensions, it can be divided into a variety of models, such as innovation and entrepreneurship practice base as the carrier, innovation and entrepreneurship credits for drivers, as well as incentive measures to the system for the mechanism of a variety of operation modes. No matter what type it is, they are in reference to the training mode of basic domestic key universities, to cultivate the social development needs of talent oriented, to construct the training mode of innovative talents. That is, it is the development and innovation on the basis of absorbing the innovation and entrepreneurship training mode and the experience of similar universities. According to the professional advantages and characteristics, studying on the teaching concept, teaching system, curriculum, teaching construction, teaching methods and laboratory construction, and aiming at the application of Tianjin urban modern agriculture talents demand, to improve the personnel ability and quality training as the key point, we put forward the "focusing on students, specializing teaching, paying equal attention to practice teaching and theory teaching, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Reform Model Projects of Tianjin Agricultural University (20170813,20170201,20170416) 3rd International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE-17) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 99


This article explores ways of creating more secure internal attachment within complex dissociative systems characterised by multiple selves whose interactions can be problematic. Its focus is on building a supportive external and internal environment based on the five Cs: compassion, communication, co-operation, connection, and co-consciousness. A conceptual framework is outlined on the use of the five Cs at each stage of therapy. These concepts are recognised as in direct conflict with survival strategies based on the two Ds: disconnection and dissociation. Therapeutic issues presenting challenges for both client and therapist in pursuit of a changed state of mind and restructured internal relationships are considered.


"The Mountain Education" relates to the special educational activities that took place in the territories of "Free Greece" and constitutes a special page in the educational history of Greece. In the territories of "Free Greece" were implemented innovative forms of education, which were mainly introduced by the National Liberation Front (EAM). The overall activity and the idea of this educational system that it tried to be established during the occupation of Greece was associated with the basic social needs, according to the priorities set by the left-wing political powers: resistance against the foreign occupant and organization of forms of local authority and justice. In this context we can identify the operation of two pedagogical schools in Tyrna and Karpenisi, aiming at coaching temporary teachers for primary schools. Moreover two schoolbooks were authored: "Ta aetopoula" ("The eaglets") and "Eleftheri Ellada" ("Free Greece"). The work of left-wing pedagogues and educational reformers during the occupation of Greece form a chapter of Greek educational history that was not continued, since the final defeat of the Left in the civil war will lead to a conservative education after the postwar period and to the elimination of any progressive features from the state apparatus. Key – Words: "The Mountain Education", Work School, Free Greece, National Liberation Front (ΕΑΜ). 1. Historical Background The German invasion in April 1941 and the collapse of the country's defense will lead to the triple occupation by Italian, Bulgarian and German Troops. They and the collaborationist government will form armed forces that will serve the occupying powers. Very soon the nutritional and social problems in the occupied Greece led the population to forms of self-organization, so as to confront with the emergency needs in their lives. At the same time emerges the resistance group, which will be largely and mainly expressed by EAM and its military component, the Greek people's Liberation Army (ELAS). The vast majority of those taking part in the resistance will be organized in EAM. Among its other activities, EAM will try to organize life in the territories under its control, confront the occupying forces and their collaborators and organize the political, social, and cultural aspect of its activity. Important was also the activity of the United Panhellenic Organization of Youth (ΕPΟΝ) with approximately 600.000 members. ΕPΟΝ took part in the resistance, as an assistant force, but also on the front lines. Its activity in the domain of culture in particularly was expressed through the foundation of multiple clubs and the general spiritual and artistic flourishing throughout the Occupation of Greece (Varon-Vasar, 2009: 451 – 477). Our interest in this period focuses of course on the activity of EAM in the field of education and on the organization of various types of schools. 1 PhD Candidate at the University of Crete (History of Education). There will also be other resistant groups of various political hues that will emerge throughout the period of occupation, which although they lack the dynamics of the National Liberation Front, they had a key role in the historical developments of the time. It's worth mentioning the National Republican Greek League/ National Hellenic Democratic League (EDES) led by N. Zerva and ΕΚΚΑ led by D. Psarrou (Tsoukalas, 1981: 49· Vournas, 2002: 99, 132 – 143). 36 Review of History and Political Science, December 2016, Vol. 4, No. 2 2. The educational reality throughout the period of Occupation and "The Mountain Education" The German Invasion and the Occupation deteriorated sharply the living standards of Greek people and caused major shortcomings in food and other commodities. This also had a determining impact on education. Under these circumstances the educational system was poorly functioning. Many schools are either destructed or commandeered by the occupying forces. The school year 1940-1941 lasted only 3 months, whereas the school year 1941-1942 only 20 days. It has been estimated that between 1940 and 1945 approximately 600.000 had not attended the primary school (Sakellariou, 1984: 27• Bouzakis, 2000: 90). Under the conditions imposed by the occupation, the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) along with other progressive powers establish the National Liberation Front (ΕΑΜ) and the Greek people's Liberation Army (ΕLAS) aiming at liberating the country and the establishment of a new democratic regime. In March 1944 ΕΑΜ will establish the Political Committee of National Liberation (PΕΕΑ) in the territories under its control, and more specifically at the village Viviani in Evritania, as a central political instrument which would undertake the administration of the liberated areas. On the 14nth of May 1944, the National Board of PΕΕΑ will meet at Koryschades, with the participation of representatives, who had been selected on the 23 of April of the same year (Bouzakis, 2000: 92). ΕΑΜ implements new institutions and carries out works in the territories under its control (Katsikas & Therianos, 2007: 181). During the period of occupation the National Board of PΕΕΑ develops the "Plan for a Folk Education" (Greek: Σχέδιο για μια Λαϊκή Παιδεία). This plan was inspired by the intellectuals, educators of EAM and of ΕPΟΝ. The pioneers of this plan were Kostas Sotiriou, Michalis Papamavros and Roza Imvrioti. According to the "Plan for a Folk Education" the educational systems developed in four periods equivalent to the children's age and it includes: a) nursery schools and kindergartens for children between 0-6 years old, b) the primary school and school-related institutions for children between 7-14 years old, c) the high school, and the technical and art schools for children between 15-18 years old, d) the universities, the technical universities, and the schools of higher education for children between 19-22 years old. There is also provision for the education of people with special needs on every level of education. Primary education involves the use of the common demotic language, as the only language used by the Greek people, the monotonic system and the abolishment of historical dictation. The two higher classes of high school involve the instruction of literary texts, with samples from every historical period of the Greek language, as well as literary texts written in "katharevousa" Greek language. Secondary education was planned to last four years, including various types of schools (rural, industrial, artisanal and classic). The Plan also involved co-education, scholarships and the exchange of students both inside the country and abroad at the expense of the state (Katsikas & Therianos, 2007: 181 – 183). Moreover through the Act 45, PΕΕΑ will abolish the "special act" introduced by Eleftherios Venizelos and every other measure that restricted individual and trade union freedoms (Bouzakis, 2000: 92). It will reconstitute the Teachers' Federation and will organize the 1 educational conference in Laspi, just outside Karpenisi. The conference was held with the participation of 100 representatives from 20 unions. In additions, PΕΕΑ will take all appropriate steps to open the nursery schools, the teachers' federations will introduce school meals and there will be fight illiteracy. The diet held in Koryschades, will determine the demotic language as the official language of the whole population (Imvrioti, 1978: 15 – 22). The lack of teachers and school books will be confronted with the establishment of pedagogical schools (Greek: Παιδαγωγικά Φροντιστήρια) and the publication of school books, within this framework. Moreover on a practical level, the resistant group proceeds to the reopening of the schools that were closed, establishes schools for illiterate and public libraries, as well as pedagogical schools for coaching teachers. PΕΕΑ moves on to the foundation of two pedagogical schools one in Tyrna and the other in Karpenisi. Upon the request of the secretary of education of PΕΕΑ, the pedagogical school of Tyrna proceeds to the authorship of the school book "Ta aetopoula" ("The eaglets"), which is assigned to Roza Imvrioti for the children of the 3 and 4rth grade of the Primary School, whereas the school book "Eleftheri Ellada" ("Free Greece") was printed under the directions of M. Papamavros at the pedagogical school of Karpenisi for the children of the 5 and the 6 grade. Apart from these two schools there are other pedagogical schools for the coaching of teachers introduced by local resistance groups: the pedagogical school of Thebes, the school of Grevena, the school of Pieria, the school of Lagadia, in Arcadia and the rural school of Fthiotida (Sakellariou, 1984: 87-99). "The Mountain Education" -A special page in the educational history of Greece 37 The two school books were printed in 100.000 copies and distributed for free to the children of the respective age groups in the territories controlled by EAM (Katsikas & Therianos, 2007: 183-184). 3. The pedagogical schools and the school books In the summer of 1944, PΕΕΑ was the only political leadership in the free territories of the country. Indicatively the pedagogue Roza Imvrioti mentions that PΕΕΑ"slowly builds the foundations of popular sovereignty" (Imvrioti, 26/9/1965). Its main goal was to form an educational system that would assist the vivid ideals of freedom, popular sovereignty and peace. With the signature of the secretary of Education, P. Kokkali, PΕΕΑ undertakes the foundation of two pedagogical institutions, aiming at the quick preparation of teachers, who would staff the schools of Free Greece. One of these schools is founded in Karpenisi, under the direction of K. Sotiriou and the assistant direction of M. Papamavros and the second in Tyrna, the direction of which was assigned to the pedagogue R. Imvrioti (Papamavros, 22/2/1976: 7• Charitos, 1984: 103 – 106). The students at the schools would be assigned the role of surrogates, unt


A new shockproof structure and shape design of pack. The pack can hold matter of different form and size. The design has good protecting function, and the pack can be operated conveniently, manufactured simplely, suit large scope. It can be producted in batch with low cost of production.


A model for the triple quasar Q1115+080 A, B, C based on a single gravitational lens is proposed. It is demonstrated that the resulting five-image configuration produced by a lens galaxy having a spheroidal mass component is in reasonable accord with the observed features of the triple quasar. The model naturally leads to the resolution of the brightest member into two closely separated components of approximately equal intensity. The mass and redshift of the lens galaxy and time delays from various images are calculated as a function of the core radius of the galaxy.


1.
The size of lakes and the size distribution of lakes are important parameters controlling lake function, and how lakes interact with landscapes, the atmosphere and ecosystems. A baseline digital database of lakes could be used to improve understanding of lake function, to extrapolate lake information to regional and global scales, and as a basis for detecting future changes to lakes.

2.
This paper examines the capabilities of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery produced by the Japanese Earth Resources Satellite (JERS-1) to map the number and size distribution of lakes in western Arctic Canada, Central Canada and the Pantanal (Brazil).

3.
For the Arctic and Pantanal, the total area found within one lake size category increases towards smaller lakes. The opposite was true for the area in Central Canada. The number of lakes in the smallest size category, 0.01 to 0.1 km2, was underestimated for all regions owing to the resolution of the mosaics — 100 × 100 m. The number of large lakes in the Pantanal was over-estimated through confusion with intermittent floodways that are scrubby grasslands and bare sand in the dry season and which exhibit low backscattering and therefore appear dark like lakes.

4.
The lake distributions were combined with existing data to produce preliminary regional estimates of carbon accumulation. Lakes may accumulate as much as 1.7 and 1.3 t C km−2 yr−1 for the Arctic Canadian and Central Canadian areas, respectively. No estimates were produced for the Pantanal because there are no applicable data on carbon accumulation rates available for that region.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This study is aimed at improving the ride quality of the driving passenger with the proposed procedure of a nonlinear disturbance observer-based backstepping-like control for an active quarter car suspension system. The design procedure involves transforming the quarter-car suspension model to a lower triangular nonlinear system, which can be used with backstepping-like scheme directly. The proposed control law with some auxiliary terms is synthesized via backstepping-like method. Such terms obtained from the disturbance observer design are included to eliminate the adverse effect arising from the inescapable road disturbance. Then, the overall closed-loop stability analysis with the result of the road disturbance is investigated. The developed control design is validated in the MATLAB environment. The efficacy of the proposed control is verified through simulation and compared with uncontrolled system (passive suspensions) and backsteppinglike approach. Despite the presence of a road disturbance, the results indicate that the presented strategy offers better dynamic performances and a satisfactory disturbance rejection ability as compared with other two controllers above.


The invention relates to environmental-friendly clinker-free cement, dry powder mortar thereof and a preparation method thereof. The environmental-friendly clinker-free cement comprises the following components by weight portion: a) 60-92 portions of slag, b) 5-25 portions of carbide slag; c) 2-10 portions of plaster; and d) 1-20 portions of auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent can be silicon powder, siliceous dust, white carbon black, sulphate, carbonate and sulphate aluminium or the mixture of more than two or three of the silicon powder, the siliceous dust, the white carbon black, the sulphate, the carbonate and the sulphate aluminum, but preferably the mixture of the silicon powder and the siliceous dust. The environmental-friendly clinker-free cement has wide raw material source and low cost. The performance of the obtained environmental-friendly clinker-free cement reaches each index of slag silicate cement PS32.5 specified by GB/T178-2007, and the environmental-friendly clinker-free dry powder mortar meets each performance index specified in the Jiangsu province engineering construction standard-the ready mixed mortar technical regulation (DGJ32/J13-2005).


This article responds to some important issues that Mallen, Vogel, Rochlen, and Day raise in "Online Counseling: Reviewing the Literature From a Counseling Psychology Framework." This reaction reviews the appropriateness of online counseling for underserved populations. The author provides suggestions for better serving historically undeserved populations via the Internet. In addition, she describes the ways in which the Internet is currently useful for psychoeducational purposes.


This paper expounds the current development of library's informatization construction,probes into the factors influencing library's informatization,and puts forward some suggestions on library's informatization construction.


Effect of defects on negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR) is investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics method for the symmetric graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with defects. Remarkably, it is found that NDTR will disappear as the number of defects increases. In addition, heat current of GNRs with defects is larger than that of the pristine GNRs when the temperature difference is larger. The results are explained qualitatively utilizing the theory of phonon spectra mismatch. The work may be useful in designing thermal-nano devices on the basis of GNRs.


BACKGROUND:
Central venous catheter is required for managing patients posted for certain surgeries and a variety of clinical conditions. Right internal jugular vein is the most commonly used site by anaesthetists. Although ultrasound guidance has increased success rate and reduced complications of central venous cannulation, there are still complications associated with the procedure. We used ultrasound assessment of right internal jugular vein in our study to find the optimal position for right internal jugular vein cannulation.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess changes in Right IJV diameter based on position using ultrasound,
2. To determine optimal patient position in which IJV diameter is the largest.
3. To assess the degree of overlap between Right IJV and Carotid based on position using ultrasound to find the optimal position in which the overlap is minimal
METHODOLOGY:
Patients who satisfy inclusion criteria were recruited in the study and informed consent was taken. Patients were anaesthetized and placed in the following 3 positions, supine with i) P1 - no head pillow or shoulder roll, ii) P2 - with head pillow and iii) P 3 - with shoulder roll. All measurements were made in 15 degree Trendelenberg tilt and head turned to the left by 30 degree. The following measurements were recorded in all 3 positions.
• Transverse and anteroposterior diameter of the Right Internal jugular vein (IJV).
• Transverse diameter of the Right Carotid.
• Overlap between Right IJV and Carotid.
RESULTS:
In our study the mean transverse diameter of Right IJV was 18.7mm in P1 and P2 and 17.2 mm in P3. The mean anteroposterior diameter was 13.9 mm, 13.7mm and 11.3 mm in P1, P2 and P3 respectively. The increase in diameter in P1 was statistically significant (p<0.0005). The incidence of maximum diameter was highest in P1 (50%). The mean overlap percentage between Right Carotid and Right IJV was 49.41%, 50.97% and 35.7% in P1, P2 and P3 respectively. This difference between P3 and other two positions was also statistically significant (p<0.0005).
CONCLUSION:
From our study, we suggest placing the patient supine in 15 degree Trendelenberg tilt with no head pillow or shoulder roll, with 30 degree head rotation to the opposite side will lead to greater chance of first pass success during right IJV cannulation as the diameter of IJV is largest in this position. We also found that overlap between Right IJV and Carotid was least when a shoulder roll was used.


The telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with various alcohols has been investigated using a catalyst based on a Pd(acac)2 precursor and a phosphine ligand, TOMPP (TOMPP = tris-(o-methoxyphenyl)phosphine). We were able to demonstrate the capability of the catalyst to telomerize 1,3-butadiene with various multifunctional nucleophiles having primary and secondary alcohol functions. High yields of telomer products (>98%) were obtained in very short reaction times (<2 h). The telomerization activity and selectivity of the Pd/TOMPP complex was strongly influenced by the type of alcohol used as substrate. When diols were used, telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with 1,2-propanediol and 1,2-butanediol afforded the highest yield of mono-telomer (over 70%) and for 1,2-butanediol a turnover frequency (TOF) of 300 000 h−1 was reached, combined with a turnover number (TON) of 7800.


The objective of this study was to compare the muscular strength adaptation during resistance training performed through two methods of exercise order. Thirty recreationally active, resistance untrained men were recruited as research participants and were divided into three groups based on their specific tasks to be performed during six weeks training intervention; i) order A (multi-joint followed by single-joint exercises) ii) order B (single-joint followed by multi-joint exercises) and iii) control group. Bench press was performed as multijoint while chest fly was performed as single-joint exercises. 1RM value for bench press and chest fly exercises were measured pre and post training intervention as an indicator for muscular strength adaptation. Repeated measure analysis of variances (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the effects of training intervention in each groups. The percentages of 1RM score changes during the post test was compared between all groups using one way ANOVA. Results showed that both order A and order B groups improved their 1RM value for both exercises. Bench press 1RM was found to be greater in order A group. Findings of this study suggested that performing a multi-joint exercise first promote greater gain for the multijoint exercise while performing single-joint exercise first lead to no differences in single joint exercise strength gain.


Nowadays, the Automotive industry faces the challenges arisen by globalization and rapidly changing conditions in individual markets. Currently used applications of system theory in business today, are the result of changes caused by globalization. This implies that the automotive industry has to change/adjust previously used methods and managerial strategies, in order to adjust to the current conditions


Nonmarket valuation of climate change and ocean acidification impacts to marine resources John Whitehead Department of Economics Appalachian State University


TPS1099Background: HER2+ breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal disease (LMD) represent a poor prognosis population with a high unmet clinical need. Although a multitude of treatment options ar...


The difficulties encountered by 19th century chemists in working out relative atomic weights and the geometry of bound carbon, and by physicists in coping with the problems of the nature of light, ...


Wood density is a complex physical property related to the anatomical structure and the chemical composition of wood and one of the most important wood quality factors. Sampling was based on a total of 20 trees from four sites in Portugal that were harvested at a sawmill diameter class of 40 cm and wood discs taken at different height levels from the base to the top of the tree. The mean basic density of the Acacia melanoxylon trees measured at 5% height level (near breast height level) was 516 kg/m with a 34 kg/m standard deviation. The within-tree axial variation of density was of small magnitude, but showing higher values at the stem base and top. Site had no influence on the basic density of the wood. Overall the between tree variation of density was small possibly linked to the narrow genetic diversity of this introduced exotic species. In the Kraft process we can observe variability between stands and an increase of the pulp yield, and fiber width and length with the higher level in the tree. The wood basic density is well correlated with the ISO brightness and well correlated in inverse order with the pulp Yield and fiber width and length. The kappa number don't present a great variation with the wood basic density.


The authors review the evidence on the state of infrastructure in the developing world, emphasizing the investment needs and the emerging policy issues. While their assessment is seriously constrained by data gaps, they provide useful insights on the main challenges ahead, emphasizing that, in addition to the widely discussed access problems, the poorest also face major affordability and service quality issues which were not well addressed by the reforms of the 1990s. The authors make a case for a stronger commitment of the international community to generate the information needed to assess and monitor infrastructure needs and policies.


The importance of oxalic acid for tree seedling growth and the competition for inorganic nitrogen (N) by plants and soil microorganisms under warming was investigated using 15N tracer techniques in...


Accelerated growth of urbanization and the consequent rise in the number of buildings results on an increase in rapid constructions without minimum criteria that enable the safe building performance and how it behaves during episodes of fire. In this scenario, this paper aims to analyze research trends and the status quo of building fire performance in the last five years, evaluating perspectives for research, and proposals for future directions through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach associated with bibliometric analysis. The analysis was carried out based on the Web of Science database under parameters such as authors, countries and regions, journals, research areas, and keywords. For each rule, among all the results retrieved, those that stood out the most in the stipulated period were evaluated. It was found that research on fire performance in projects is increasing, with a total of 402 published works. In the analysis by Systematic Literature Review, there was a trend of research concerning materials and structural systems, evaluating the performance, behavior, resistance, and safety of buildings under fire conditions. Ultimately, the results pointed out a possible evolution of the trend in research on methodologies and intelligent control systems applied to the management of fire emergencies.


The emergence of nanotechnology has become more popular, and the progress had sparked much development in nanoparticle synthesis, including selenium. Studies associated with the therapeutic abilities and physicochemical properties of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are rapidly growing and gaining interest from many researchers. This review discusses on the fundamental components of selenium, different approaches in synthesizing selenium nanoparticles, its remedial properties and potential in biomedical application. Herein, primary focus will be given to the action of selenium nanoparticles mechanism in improving diabetes mellitus symptoms and complications in animal studies. It is known that selenium is an important micronutrient found in humans, plants and animals that can be incorporated as selenoprotein in the human body. Analysis and comparison on the findings enlighten that SeNPs demonstrated ameliorative effect on diabetes complications due to their antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering characteristics.


The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in binary solvent systems and determine and/or develop predictive mathematical expressions for describing solutions in which hydrogen-bonding occurs.


Let E be a real Banachspace with a uniformly normal structure and whose norm is uniformly Gateaux differentiable.Let C be a nonempty bounded closed convex subset of E and T:C→E be a non-self asymptotically nonexpansive mapping.It is shown that under some suitable conditions,the generalized iterative sequence of Reich strongly converges to a fixed point of T.The results extend and improve the recent studies.


This is the first citation for Jasione mansanetiana R. Rosello & Peris on the province of Valencia, whereas all the populations previously known are located in the province of Castellon. Nearly 100 adult individuals have been found near the summit of the Caballon mountain range, living on basic outcrops and sandy soils at approx. 730-790 m.


Band-rejection filters are used in microwave engineering to provide one or several suppressed frequency bands in the given wavelength range. For the mm and submm wavelength ranges this problem arises in the hot plasma diagnostics at experimental fusion machines. Here, it is necessary to receive a plasma cyclotron radiation signal in a wide frequency range, ensuring that no high-power radiation of microwave heating made by gyrotrons in a narrow band inside this range enters the receiver. Because of the wide application of quasi-optical equipment in plasma diagnostics, the problem of developing quasi-optical band rejection filters is timely.


Abstract Identifying variation in survival probabilities is fundamental to understanding population dynamics. We quantified variation in survival of Little Penguins (Eudyptula minor) at Oamaru, New Zealand, over 19 years from 1993–2011. Specifically survival in relation to age and breeding status were investigated. We used a multi-state capture-mark-recapture model to examine survival and recapture probabilities of known age penguins flipper-banded as chicks, and breeding penguins of unknown age banded as adults. The survival probability of Little Penguins in their first year averaged 0.42 and was lower than all older ages. The mean annual survival probability of breeding adult penguins was 0.86. The observed proportion of fledglings that later recruited into the breeding population in the study colony mirrored first-year survival estimates from the model. Survival was lower for pre-breeding penguins than for breeding penguins of the same age. We detected no significant effect of age on survival for breeding penguins. The comprehensive, long-term monitoring program in place at Oamaru resulted in very high recapture rates of breeding penguins that generated accurate estimates of survival.


Society has witnessed an intense technological advance since the Industrial Revolution, which increased in the late 1990s and early 2000s and has remained at high levels. This technological advance has accentuated the dependence and demanded, more and more, generation of electric energy. This paper highlights the importance of the role of higher education institutions (HEIs), as educators of environmentally conscious citizens for the rational use of natural resources and especially for electric energy. The analysis of the behavior of the use of electric energy, at the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) campus Santa Monica, was performed based on the records of demand and consumption. In this work, data from the historical series were used for peak hour power demand (HP), off-peak time (HFP), consumption in HP and HFP in the period from January 2004 to December 2017 and also the series of difference between contracted and measured demand in HP and HFP, this between January 2008 and December 2017. The analysis was based on the time series methodology. Energy efficiency, linked to the reduction of consumption, becomes relevant in two aspects: i) associated with the conservation of environmental resources and; ii) linked to issues inherent to management, such as improving the quality of spending on reducing costs and waste.


Objective To explore the predictive value of red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and platelet distribution width(PDW)in myocardial infarction.Methods Eighty five patients with myocardial infarction in Beibei Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were selected as myocardial infarction group(MI group),in which RDW,PDW had been detected one to three months before attack and compared with those of the control group included 27healthy persons.SPSS17.0was used to analyze the results.Results The RDW,PDW levels of MI group were(47.92%±7.56%,P0.01),(15.75%±3.55%,P0.05)respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the control group which were(42.65%±2.40%),(13.52%±1.94%)respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that PDW level(P0.05)and age(P0.05)had positive correlation with RDW level in MI group. An independent sample test showed that PDW level of women was significantly higher than that of Men in MI group(P0.01).In multivariate Logistic analyses,higher levels of PDW and RDW were independent risk factors of myocardial infarction.The area under receiver operating characteristics curve(AUC)of prediction myocardial infarction of RDW level was 0.767(95%CI0.692-0.842),the corresponding Cut-off point was 44.8% with sensitivity 64.3% and specificity 88.9%.The AUCof prediction myocardial infarction of PDW level was 0.675(95%CI 0.583-0.766),the corresponding Cut-off point was 14.9% with sensitivity 61.2% and specificity 58.1%.ConclusionRDW and PDW could be a good predictive marker for myocardial infarction.


Accumulating lines of evidence have indicated that hyperlipidemia not only is a well-established etiological factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but also plays an active role in regulating bone metabolism. As a mixture of oxidized phospholipids derived from the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized 1-palmitoyl2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (ox-PAPC) is reported to be one of the major bioactive mediators in hyperlipidemia-associated pathological events. In this study, the effects of ox-PAPC on osteoblast differentiation and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Briefly, MC3T3-E1 murine pre-osteoblast cells were treated with Wnt-3a and/or ox-PAPC, and changes in canonical Wnt signaling pathway, ERK pathway, p38 MAPK pathway and the expression levels of bone-related genes were evaluated using real-time RT-PCR, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. We found that ox-PAPC inhibited canonical Wnt signaling, which resulted in decreased expressions of bone-related genes. Although ox-PAPC treatment activated both ERK and p38 MAPK pathways, the inhibitory effects of ox-PAPC on canonical Wnt signaling and the expressions of bone-related genes were successfully reversed only by ERK inhibitor PD98059. In conclusion, oxidized phospholipids inhibit canonical Wnt signaling pathway and osteoblast differentiation, which is mediated by the activation of the ERK pathway.