The recently reported synthesis of silicene in the form of nanoribbons on Ag(110) or 2D epitaxial sheets on Ag(111) aroused considerable interest in the scientific community. Both overlayers were reported to display signatures of Dirac fermions with linearly dispersing electronic bands. In this work, we study the electronic structure of these adsorbate systems within density functional theory. We show that the conical features apparent in angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements are not due to silicon but to the silver substrate, as an effect of band folding induced by the Si overlayer periodicity.


THE experiments which I shall report in this paper were undertaken with a view of determining the part played by pure alcohol in the changes of the reaction time under the influence of wine which the researches of Exner' and those of Von Vintschgau and Dietl2 had already made known to us. A similar investigation has been carried on by Kraepelin3 but it was recorded in Wundt's "Philosophische Studien," which I am not in the habit of seeing, so that I unfortunately did not know of his work until my own observations had been completed. As the method I have employed differs somewhat from those of my predecessors I venture to hope that my results may prove to be not altogether uninteresting. The immediate occasion of this research was the invention by Prof. Henry P. Bowditch of a new and very convenient apparatus for measuring short intervals of time-and its construction in the workshop of the Physiological Laboratory of the Harvard Medical School. I happened just then to be particularly interested in the physiological action of alcohol and thought it an excellent opportunity to use the new appliance for recording reaction times. This apparatus has not yet been described in print and I am permitted to explain its construction and working here. It grew out of an effort to adapt the record of a vibrating tuning fork to the registration of very brief periods of time. As the earlier form of the apparatus had some resemblance (although remote and independent) to one proposed several years ago by Exner4


Based on the understanding of the connotation of agricultural circular economy,insisting"to reduce,reuse,and recycle or resources"( 3R) as action principle,taking the social,economic,and ecological effect into consideration during the process of agricultural production which is material input- produce- output- external effects,and considering the agricultural development current situation and natural conditions,this paper identifies 4 classification indexes and 15 single indexes to construct the comprehensive evaluation index system of agricultural circular economy development level in Gansu.Empirical test finds that: firstly,the overall level of Gansu agricultural circular economy development is a growing trend in the last 10 years,especially the agricultural output efficiency has increased annually,but at the same time it can also been seen that agricultural production in recent years has engendered external diseconomies; secondly,there still exists obvious regional differences in agricultural circular economy development level in Gansu,which in general is that Hexi area is relatively high,while the Longdong loess plateau area and the"two states,two cities"area are relatively low. This is because of both natural resource endowment differences and different degree of economic and social development.


SHARPIN (SHANK‐associated RH domain interactor) is a component of the linear ubiquitination complex that regulates the NF‐κB signaling pathway. To better understand the function of SHARPIN, we sought to establish a novel genetically engineered Syrian hamster with SHARPIN disruption using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.


In the twenties, Sao Paulo experienced a boom in the processes of industrial diversification and integration, with a resulting increase in the productive activities in the capital city. That context offered new challenges to the civil construction industry and to the corresponding technological research being developed by the Center for Materials Resistance at the Polytechnic School (Gabinete de Resistencia dos Materiais -Escola Politecnica). In order to respond more effectively to the business demand for testings and technical support, the Gabinete/Center was thoroughly restructured, gaining more autonomy and modifying its priorities. Thus recast as the renowned Laboratorio de Ensaios de Materiais (LEM), it developed systematic technological research from 1926 to 1934, when it underwent another change which gave rise to the Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas (IPT)/Institute of Technological Research.


Thallium imaging was performed on a 2-month-old infant with a left coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery. Imaging was performed before and after corrective surgery, which involved creating a new left coronary osteum from the ascending aorta. The radionuclide study documented successful revascularization postoperatively.


In cloud computing, possible risks linked to availability, performance and security can be mitigated by the adoption of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) formally agreed upon by cloud service providers and their users. This paper presents the design of services for the management of cloud-oriented SLAs that hinge on the use of a REST-based API. Such services can be easily integrated into existing cloud applications, platforms and infrastructures, in order to support SLA-based cloud services delivery. After a discussion on the SLA life-cycle, an agreement protocol state diagram is introduced. It takes explicitly into account negotiation, remediation and renegotiation issues, is compliant with all the active standards, and is compatible with the WS-Agreement standard. The requirement analysis and the design of a solution able to support the proposed SLA protocol is presented, introducing the REST API used. This API aims at being the basis for a framework to build SLA-based applications.


Multiple-resonance (MR) organic emitters bearing small full-width at half-maximums (FWHMs) are of general interest in organic light-emitting diodes. Indolo[3,2,1- jk ]carbazole (ICz) embedded MR-fluorophors have demonstrated extremely small FWHMs, yet in the violet region with low electroluminescence efficiency. Herein, a strategic implementation of ICz subunits into MR fluorophors is proposed by taking advantage of the synergetic effect of para -positioned nitrogen atoms to enhance electronic coupling to decrease emitting energy gap. Deep blue emitters peaking at 441 and 447 nm with FWHMs of only 18 and 21 nm are thereof obtained respectively, accompanied by ~90% photo-luminance quantum yields. With the assistance of a thermally activated delayed fluorescence sensitizer to recycle excitons, the corresponding narrowband electroluminescent devices show unprecedent high maximum external quantum efficiencies of 32.0% and 34.7% with CIE y of 0.10 and 0.085, respectively.


The aim of this communication is to present some aspects regarding nonlinear distortion analysis in circuits implemented in CMOS technology. Basically, the investigations envisage the shape of the total harmonic distortion (THD) dependence on the amplitude and frequency of the input signals. It is apparent that the above function gives interesting insight of the nonlinear behavior of the studied circuits and it is worth considering for further investigations.


Anckarsater is certainly correct when he reminds us "covariation does not equal causation" (1). Indeed, I have made this very point in reference to the covariance of conscious thought processes and behavior (2). It is the daily "minute by minute" reminder of this covariance that may be the primary reason that the majority is willing to believe in free will. However, as argued by many, this relationship is unlikely to be causal, with Huxley noting that it is similar to "the steam whistle which signals but doesn't cause the starting of the locomotive" (3). Yet this belief in free will still holds, despite the insane difficulty in providing a molecular model that might accommodate such a belief. As I have suggested, society would be better served if such a belief was discarded, at least until someone provides a molecular explanation for free will (2, 4). Now Anckarsater might argue that belief in free will should be retained until proof is provided that human behavior can be fully explained by the genetic, environmental, and stochastic history of individuals. Such an argument would be analogous to a decision to require belief in bodily resurrection and to retain this requirement until someone provides proof that it does not occur. That is, Western and many other societies concede that an act of faith is required for many religious beliefs, and for this reason a requirement for such beliefs is generally excluded from government constitutions. Ironically, and in striking contrast, an integral component of most legal systems is the equally nonsensical belief that individuals can make decisions that derive from something over and above their genetic and environmental history and a degree of stochasticism.


The history of the family, at least for the nineteenth century, has reached a certain maturity. Though not yet incorporated into mainstream history – that would be too much to expect – it now boasts a considerable specialist literature and some useful general surveys. Undoubtedly the driving force has been the aspiration of women's history to reconstruct the lives of women in the past. Now that the personal records of women are being studied with such attention, there is a wealth of insights into their experience as daughters, wives, and widows. Jeanne Peterson's account of the Paget family and their circle in Victorian England is a typical example. For the nineteenth-century women's historian, there is the added bonus that this was the period when the claims of women to have the dominant influence in the family were taken most seriously – as witness the persistent appeal of the Angel Mother. Hence to research the history of the Victorian family promises results which will feature women as agents, and not merely as victims of patriarchal oppression.


Climate change, inadequate possessions, and land degradation all pose obstacles to modern agriculture. In the current scenario, the agriculture industry is mainly dependent on the use of chemical-based pesticides and fertilizers that impact soil health and crop productivity. Moreover, water scarcity leads farmers in drastically affected regions to use heavy metal-enriched water sources mainly originating from industrial sources for field crops irrigation. Soil pollutants can be carried into the human body via dust and water, creating negative health effects varying from simple symptoms, e.g., nausea and diarrhea and reaching death in critical cases. Thus, to clean soil contaminants, and improve soil fertility and agricultural production, alternatives to chemical fertilizers must be developed. Therefore, using beneficial microbes found in plant-associated soil microorganisms offers an effective strategy to alleviate some of these challenges, improving soil fertility, and crop yield, and protecting plants from stress conditions. Through the use of synergistic interactions, the synthetic consortium strategy seeks to improve the stability of microbial communities. In this review, synthetic consortia and their potential use in agriculture were discussed. Further, engineering new effective synthetic consortia was suggested as an effective approach in the concept of environmental bioremediation of soil pollutants and contaminants.


Introduction: Surgeries on thyroid are routinely common practiced surgery. Perioperative and post operative complications still exits and some of immediate postoperative complication can be life threatning if not properly dealt with. Material and Method: The present study was done to evaluate peri operative and post operative complication related to thyroid surgery and their management strategy in 50 patients undergoing various thyroid surgeries in our hospital. Results: 22% patients had hypothyroidism in follow up period, 2% during hospital stay.12% patients had hypoparathyrodism during hospital stay and 6% during follow up, 8% transient RLN palsy, 2% permanent RLN palsy, other rare complications include wound infection , seroma formation, superior laryngeal nerve palsy. Post operative haemorrhage was not found even in a single case. Conclusion: Hypoparathyrodism was the most common complication during during hospital stay (12%) and hypothyroidism (22%) during follow up periods. In spite of all measures keen observation during in peri and postoperative period is important to look for complications for early intervention.


The magnetic field distribution and important parameters were computed for ALA(Axially-Laminated Anisotropic)synchronous Machine by Ansoft software.The parameter values were chosen for design optimization to reach better motor performance.That is the base work in designing and controling the machine.The manufactured motor validates this method.


Computational methods for the calculation of dynamical properties of fluids might consider the system as a continuum or as an assembly of molecules. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation includes molecular resolution, whereas computational fluid dynamics (CFD) considers the fluid as a continuum. This work provides a review of hybrid methods MD/CFD recently proposed in the literature. Theoretical foundations, basic approaches of computational methods, and dynamical properties typically calculated by MD and CFD are first presented in order to appreciate the similarities and differences between these two methods. Then, methods for coupling MD and CFD, and applications of hybrid simulations MD/CFD, are presented.


Abstract Let Γ be a graph with isomorphic subgraphs G and H, and let θ: G → H be an isomorphism. If θ can be extended to an automorphism of Γ, we call θ a partial automorphism of Γ. We consider the application of partial automorphisms to the graph reconstruction conjecture, in particular, to the problem of reconstructing graphs with two vertices of degree k – 1 and the remaining vertices of degree k.


The subject of this paper is the financial aspect of shipmoney; that is, it attempts to discuss the following questions. How much money was actually levied on the ship-money writs? How was that money spent? How was it assessed and collected? As a form of direct taxation how does ship-money compare with a subsidy? The materials on which it is based are mainly the Audit Office Declared Accounts, the assessments in the Council Register, and the letters of instructions sent with the King's writs by the council to the sheriffs. These letters were substantially the same from year to year, with considerable additions dealing with points which had arisen in the course of the collections.


: Background: In recent decades, efforts have been made to harmonize European nursing education, which has essentially impacted the education of Slovak nurses. Objective: The aim of the survey was to map nurses' opinions about current pregraduate nursing education in Slovakia. Methods: The quantitative survey was carried out through an online questionnaire of our own design. The respondents had to be registered in SKSaPA (Slovak Chamber of Nurses and Midwives). The total survey sample consisted of 805 respondents. Results: Only 12 % of nurses fully agree with the current education system and 58 % of nurses believe that nurses should be trained at vocational schools. Implications: We recommend a comprehensive assessment of nursing education in order to identify the primary source of nurses' dissatisfaction with current nursing education.


A low-dropout regulator (LDO) for the electrical stimulation of ionic electroactive polymers (iEAPs) used in subcutaneous muscle prosthesis is presented. The special requirement of the application and the characteristics of iEAPs impose several design challenges for the stimulator. In this paper, these challenges are discussed and solutions are provided. The proposed LDO, designed and simulated in IBM 0.13-μm CMOS technology, uses external-capacitor-less architecture to enable a fully on-chip solution for providing stable stimulation across a wide load range, as required by the properties of iEAPs. The LDO also offers precise line and load regulations, as well as improved power supply rejection (PSR) to suppress the supply noise when the LDO is powered up through wireless power transfer (WPT) links. Simulation results are provided suggesting that the proposed LDO can be used as a stable and precise stimulation source for controlling the movement of iEAPs with a potential application in muscle prostheses.


In the experiment,self-assembled monolayer could be formed through the adsorption of cysteamine on gold surface on silicon chip.Then the localizations of gold micro patterns on the silicon surface could be characterized by epifluorescence microscope and electron multiplying charge coupled device after cysteamine monolayer was tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate.The least diameter size of gold micro patterns were 5-7 μm and the image results were clear and with high sensitivity.This method is very simple and easy to be used.


Antibodies to protein A reactive and non-reactive human IgM proteins were produced in rabbits. Serological examinations revealed antigenic determinant(s) of the protein A reactive IgM not present on the non-reactive IgM. Isolated antibodies to this determinant(s) were shown to be capable of inhibiting interaction with protein A. Three IgM preparations from different pools of normal human sera were all found to contain protein A reactive fractions. The observed difference in protein A reactivity points to an isotype or subclass deviation of human IgM.


A microhollow cathode discharge (MHCD) array was operated at atmospheric pressure with a pulse voltage of 2.5 kV supplied by a trigger circuit. Triggered by this MHCD array, a gas switch with an annular plate structure operated under a voltage of 27 kV with a fall time of 30 ns and a current of 400 A with a rise time of 15 ns was investigated. It is used for discharging the charge stored in a capacitor of 4 nF through a resistor of 50 Ω. The advantages of the switch are obvious: a compact trigger with lower trigger voltage. An electrical model including MHCD capacitance is built, and the simulation results agree well with the experimental results.


The Human Development Index has experienced substantial modifications in the 2010 edition of the Human Development Report (changes in some of the variables, a different aggregation procedure, and the introduction of distributive considerations, among others). Those changes respond to some well-known shortcomings of the traditional design of this index and entail substantial improvements. There are still some inconsistencies in the new construction that have to be addressed (in particular, the use of a composite variable to approach educational achievements, the use of logs for the income variable and the type of normalization adopted). We discuss in this paper those inconsistencies and suggest some relatively minor changes that would suffice to avoid them.


The shunt active power filter (APF) is one of the most effective custom power devices that provide compensation to current-based disturbances. The shunt APF topology consists of a voltage source inverter and a dc link capacitor. The current-based compensation ability of the shunt APF is influenced by the control technique, which is used to estimate the reference source current signal. Moreover, the controller decides the required number of devices and measurement practices; therefore, it determines the corresponding costs. In this paper, second order generalized integrator (SOGI) with a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is utilized to estimate the reference source current of shunt APF. The proposed control algorithm makes use of the details about the converter and load currents; therefore, it does not require voltage-related information and sensors. The proposed topology employs a photovoltaic (PV) system with a supplementary energy storage unit to supply the active power requirement of the utility grid and provides the continuous compensation of current-based disturbances and voltage interruption in the power distribution system. The PV integrated shunt APF is tested with different load conditions and the performance of the system is investigated under steady and dynamic state conditions. To ensure the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm for the PV integrated shunt APF, the simulation and experimental results are presented.


Review of Rukmini Pande. Squee from the margins: Race and fandom. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2018. Paperback $67.50 (256p) ISBN 9781609386184.


If you are a reader of New Politics, you almost certainly believe that the climate crisis is real, that it poses an existential threat to human society as we know it, and that the capitalist mode of production is the root cause of the crisis. I am not going to spend much time on these questions directly[1]. Rather, I will look at the current state of the climate and its likely trajectory over the next several years, with an eye to understanding the choices that confront those of us who are ecosocialists in responding to the crisis.


Brewer's yeast may be stored before inoculation into a fermentation vessel, and during these periods of storage, starvation may occur. The effect of starvation on yeast inoculum condition and its s...


A closed-form formulation for the workspace of N-Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) parallel mechanisms is presented using least-square curve fitting. The concepts of multi-dimensional polynomial (MDP) and in hyper spherical coordinates (HSC) are introduced. The boundary of workspaces of those parallel linkages which are surfaces without voids and concavities can be well approximated by the MDPs in the HSC. First, the boundary points are obtained in HSC considering all physical constrains and probable singularities. Then, an MDP with proper order consisting of sine and cosine functions is fitted to those points. The presented method is general and applicable to all DoF. Three case studies of 2, 3, and 6-DoF mechanisms are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Graphical Abstract Representative figure for graphical abstract: Figure 8.


Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the most devastated tropical forests in the world. Considering that approximately only 12% of its original extent still exists, studies in this area are highly relevant. In this context, this study maps the land cover of Atlantic Forest within the Protected Area of 'Macae de Cima', in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, combining GEOBIA and data mining techniques on an OLI/Landsat-8 image. The methodology proposed in this work includes the following steps: (a) image pan-sharpening; (b) image segmentation; (c) feature selection; (d) classification and (e) model evaluation. A total of 15 features, including spectral information, vegetation indices and principal components were used to distinguish five patterns, including Water, Natural forest, Urban area, Bare soil/pasture and Rocky mountains. Features were selected considering well-known algorithms, such as Wrapper, the Correlation Feature Selection and GainRatio. Following, Artificial Neural Networks, Decision Trees and Random Forests classification algorithms were applied to the dataset. The best results were achieved by Artificial Neural Networks, when features were selected through the Wrapper algorithm. The global classification accuracy obtained was of 98.3%. All the algorithms presented great recall and precision values for the Natural forest, however the patterns of Urban area and Bare soil/pastures presented higher confusion.


This article is devoted to the optimal control of state equations with memory of the form: ?[x(t) = F\left(x(t),u(t), \int_0^{+\infty} A(s) x(t-s) ds\right), \; t>0, with initial conditions x(0)=x, \; x(-s)=z(s), s>0.]Denoting by $y_{x,z,u}$ the solution of the previous Cauchy problem and:
\[v(x,z):=\inf_{u\in V} \left\{ \int_0^{+\infty} e^{-\lambda s } L(y_{x,z,u}(s), u(s))ds \right\}\]
where $V$ is a class of admissible controls, we prove that $v$ is the only viscosity solution of an Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of the form:
\[\lambda v(x,z)+H(x,z,\nabla_x v(x,z))+\=0\]
in the sense of the theory of viscosity solutions in infinite-dimensions of M. Crandall and P.-L. Lions.


In recent years design and synthesis of self- assembled nanomaterials with diversified structures and functionalities via fine tuning of supramolecular building blocks increased rapidly.1 Self-assembling peptides have been widely recognized as nanomaterials with high potential for a extensive range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to tissue enginering, owing to their hydrophilic character and biocompatibility.2, 3 The aim of the present study was preparation and characterization of supramolecular systems based on peptide hydrogelator4 Ac-L-Phe-L- Phe- L-Ala-NH2 and liposomes with incorporated model proteins. The gelling properties of the hydrogelator Ac-L-Phe-L-Phe-L-Ala-NH2 with addition of liposomes and proteins were studied. Liposome formulations of BSA and FITC- BSA incorporated in the hydrogel were characterized by electron and confocal microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed incorporation of liposomes into the hydrogel. In gel samples with built-in BSA, the gel network preserved integrity, but it was noticed that the gel fibers were thinner and thicker. Confocal microscopy proved the incorporation of liposome formulations of FITC- BSA in the hydrogel. It was also shown that liposomes do not impair the gel network of hydrogelator at lipid concentrations lower than the gelator concentration. We confirmed that use of higher amounts of protein albumin (BSA)/FITC-BSA resulted in slower gel formation or inability to transition into gel. In order to investigate the potential of using the prepared nanostructured supramolecular systems in immunodiagnostic and immunotherapy, complex protein mixture isolated from allergen pollen of Ambrosia elatior plant was successfully incorporated into the tested system.


To adjust the capacitance of an accumulation-mode MOS varactor, a voltage is applied to the drain/source with the gate grounded. In this novel arrangement, a voltage is applied to the gate V/sub gate/ and another to the substrate V/sub sub/ with the drain/source grounded. Applying V/sub sub/ between the p/sup +/-type substrate and the varactor's n-well adjusts the minimum capacitance C/sub min/ and flattens the overall capacitance-voltage (C-V) curve over a wide range of negative V/sub gate/. Measurements show the tuning range using V/sub sub/ to be as wide as that using V/sub gate/. By tuning with V/sub sub/, the capacitance C/sub min/ is constant over a range of negative V/sub gate/. In this region, it may be possible to apply a large ac signal on V/sub gate/ without modulating the capacitance. To illustrate this technique, C-V measurements of a MOS varactor are simulated in a differential LC-tank VCO circuit. Simulations show how adjusting both V/sub gate/ and V/sub sub/ alters the oscillation frequency.


A concept called information management has been discussed for many years by computer and management scientists. Implementing this concept may revolutionize organizations and have a profound effect on organizational decision making. Since the technology needed to implement sophisticated information systems is now available, managers need to address the potential impact of this innovation on their organizations. This article presents two scenarios or information management on organizational decision making.


The usage of smart phones by Indian students is tremendously growing at faster pace. To cope with the high-end demand, mobile manufacturers have to make rational decisions regarding the market expansion and quality improvement. To critical decision, in this paper, a new scientific decision framework called SPMS is (smart phone manufacturer selector) presented. The SPMS consist of three stages viz., data acquisition and pre-processing stage, data fusion and criteria weighting stage and selection/ranking stage. The data is collected from questionnaires which are completed by students of colleges in and around Thanjavur district. The missing information in the dataset are completed using bin by mean method, followed by feature set reduction is done using Gini index method. In the second stage, linguistic information are aggregated using frequency match aggregation (FMA) operator with unconstrained weight values. Further, criteria weights are determined using standard variance (SV) method under linguistic context. Finally, ranking of smart phone manufacturers is done using VIKOR method under linguistic context. The practicality and usefulness of the proposed framework is demonstrated using a case study for smart phone selection. The strength and weakness of the proposal is also realized by comparison with other state-of-art frameworks.


Introduction from large egg masses (Myers & Kukan, 1995). This prediction was tested by treating individuals from a wide range of egg mass sizes with a NPV, and relating the percentage mortality Reduced fecundity following high larval densities is a common feature of lepidopteran populations and may contribute to per family (egg mass) to maternal fecundity (number of eggs per egg mass). population declines (Myers, 1988; Munster-Swendsen, 1991). Species exhibiting density-related reductions in fecundity include the pine looper,Bupalus piniarius (Gruys, 1970; Methods Barbour, 1988), the Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata(Mason et al., 1977), the larch budmoth, Malacosoma c. pluvialefemales lay eggs (100–300) in a single Zeiraphera diniana(Baltensweileret al., 1977), the eastern mass on twigs of the host plant [often red alder, Alnus rubra spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana(Miller, 1963), the (Bong.)] after mating in mid-summer (July). First instars hatch gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar(Campbell, 1978) and the spruce from the eggs in April or May and pupate in June or July. For needleminer, Epinotia tedella (Munster-Swendsen, 1991). a more detailed description of tent caterpillar biology see Although most often attributed to changes in host food plant Myers (1993). quantity or quality, viral disease may play a role in these Tent caterpillar egg masses were collected from a high observed fecundity changes (Myers, 1988, 1993; Rothman & density population on Saturna Island, British Columbia, Canada Myers, 1996). in the early spring of 1995 and stored at 4 °C. On 3 April In the western tent caterpillar, Malacosoma californicum 1995, egg masses were rinsed in a bleach solution (3% sodium pluviale (Dyar), fecundity tends to decrease following peak hypochlorite) to remove any possible contamination with NPV larval densities, and remains low for several generations during and tied to host alder trees at a site on the University of British the population decline (Myers, 1990; Myers & Rothman, 1995; Columbia campus. Myers & Kukan, 1995). On average, mean fecundity of female After hatch, the number of eggs per egg mass was counted. moths is reduced by 35% during this period compared with Larvae from these masses were brought indoors within 24 h mean fecundity of moths prior to peak population densities of moulting to third instar (beginning 13 May) and reared (range5 18–65%, SE5 9%,n 5 5 populations) (see Rothman, individually in 60-mL plastic cups in a naturally lit room at 1995). Myers (1990) proposed the 'disease defence hypothesis' room temperature (17–28 °C) (photoperiod and humidity were to explain this pattern, as nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) is not controlled). Larvae were starved for 24 h and then fed an a common feature of high-density tent caterpillar populations. alder leaf disc treated with NPV ( n 5 25 per family) or distilled If reduced fecundity were a correlated characteristic of water (n 5 15 per family). Controls were reared to account for resistance to disease, fecundity might be expected to decline any families that came into contact with NPV in the field in populations after a viral epizootic at high host densities before third instar, or NPV on egg masses not removed by (Myers & Kukan, 1995). Recovery of fecundity to pre-peak bleaching. For treated larvae, 5 μL of distilled water containing levels would be delayed during the population decline if disease NPV at a concentration of 1.6 3 105 PIBs/mL were applied to resistance and fecundity were heritable traits. the leaf disc. This dose was expected to kill approximately 30% A prediction of this hypothesis is that caterpillars from small of treated larvae at third instar. Larvae (control and treated) egg masses will be more resistant to disease than caterpillars not eating the entire leaf disc within 48 h were discarded. Treatments were applied at third instar because individuals prior to this stage will usually only feed in groups. Correspondence: Dr L. D. Rothman, Centre for Biodiversity NPV for this experiment was originally extracted from Research, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada. diseasedM. c. pluviale larvae using a discontinuous sucrose


The purpose of this thesis is the study of Keggin polyoxometallates H3PW12O40,H3PMo12O40 and cesium and ammonium salts, used by our research group as catalysts for
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC).
First we realized a preliminary study of electrochemical behavior of these compounds by different voltammetric techniques (cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse
etc.) and then we used spectroelectrochemical methods in order to clarify their redox behaviour. Adsorption on electrodes surface was studied as well
The acid may be used to modify the surface of Pt nanoparticles obtaining efficient catalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, because of the solubility of the acids in water the catalytic activity is time dependent and their utility as catalysts in fuel
cells decreases. In order to overcome this problem, we decided to synthesize the cesium and ammonium salts that are water insoluble. The prepared salts have been characterized morphologically and electrochemically. One of these, Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40, is proposed as matrix for dispersion of platinum catalyst.


Teeth are extracted for various reasons. Proper wound care is crucial for avoiding postoperative mor- bidity and promoting uneventful healing. It has been reported that low-level hard laser irradiation enhances fi- broblast proliferation, which accelerates wound healing and might be advantageous for bone regrowth. This case report illustrates the use of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in extraction surgery in a 48-year-old female with an ex- tensive periapical abscess and a fractured root on tooth 34. Conventional post-extractive wound care with sutures was replaced by laser decontamination and coagulation. Twenty-four hours postoperatively, the wound was com- pletely closed by a fibrin network. Radiographic follow-up at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months showed resolution of the de- fect with evident bone regrowth and mineralization. Low-power Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation may have enhanced rapid wound closure within 24 h after extraction. A natural scaffold was formed, under which osteogenic cells were able to repopulate the defect, resulting in radi- ographic bone regeneration. Rapid epithelium growth closing over the extraction socket seemed to prevent its growing down into the extraction site.


This paper presents an analysis of techniques that have been studied in the recent years for human body detection via visual information. The focus of this work is on developing image processing routines for autonomous robots operating for detecting victims in rescue environments. The paper both discusses problems arising in human body detection from visual information and describes the methods that are more adequate to be applied in a rescue scenario. Finally, some preliminary experiments for such methods in recognizing rescue victims are reported.


The mathematical aspects of the popular logic game Sudoku incorporate a significant number of the group theory concepts. In this note, we describe all symmetric transformations of the Sudoku grid. We do not intend to obtain a new strategy of solving Sudoku and do not describe basic ideas of the game which can be found in numerous other sources.


This paper reports on the views of a community sample of 428 parents with primary school-aged children. In a previous study parents had identified that they needed 'support'. This study was designed to try to understand what types of support parents already have and what support they think needs to be available to them. Most parents use informal support of family and friends and have limited awareness of what is available to them in the way of locally based services. They propose services which are already available, like Parentline, but of which they are unaware. There seems to be a need for universal, non-stigmatising services which design their programmes with parents and can refer to more specialised services, e.g. Social Services or Family Centres. These services need to be located in agencies which parents frequent and are comfortable with, such as schools and health settings.


The present study employed E. coli BL21 (DE3) and recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) w/pET20-LacZ to investigate extra-cellular and intra-cellular metabolic products in the continuous fermentation. The results could be used for understanding the metabolic flux of nutrients in the medium. Four dilution rates (0.57, 0.4, 0.23, 0.13 h-1) were performed in the continuous fermentation. The results revealed that glucose consumption rates (g/DCW/h) in the steady state for E. coli BL21 (DE3) w/pET20-LacZ were higher than those for E. coli BL21 (DE3). This indicated recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) w/pET20-LacZ consumed more glucose because of the burden of the plasmid. The plasmid of E. coli BL21 (DE3) w/pET20-LacZ was stable after performing continuous fermentation for 25 working volume without ampicillin. IPTG was introduced in the steady state of the continuous fermentation for E. coli BL21 (DE3) w/pET20-LacZ. The cell densities in terms of OD600 decreased from 2.85 and 3.14 to 2.12 and 3.02 respectively for the dilution rate of 0.4 and 0.57. The results revealed that the specific growth rate decreased because of nutrient was consumed for the production of recombinant protein. Metabolites from glycolysis and TCA cycle are analysed. Accumulation of oxaloacetate in-cell and medium at high dilution rate suggest over-supply of nutrient. For the amino acids, large amount of tryptophan, alanine, tyrosine, and histidine were consumed from the medium. However, the cell needed to convert nutrients to phenylalanine, valine, serine, and threonine that were not exited in the medium.


This paper presents a design control circuit for cascaded Half-bridge multilevel inverter based on PV connected to the grid. The main objectives of the proposed circuit is to get a high number of output voltage levels for the grid without stepup transformer and reducing the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD). Then the proposed circuit is controlled by an advanced control method, which is based on direct quadratic (DQ) frame. By aid of Power Simulation (PSIM) package a simulation experiment is established to verify the performance of the proposed technique. Noting that, the output is free from higher order harmonics and the AC grid voltage and current are in phase.


Previous research regarding knowledge about internal organs among school-age children tied this knowledge to the development of cognitive capabilities. Studies have rarely considered the impact of culture on this knowledge. The purpose of this study was to examine internal body perceptions among Ethiopian Jews who emigrated to Israel. A total of 65 children (stratified according to age) and 19 adults were interviewed. Findings indicated that Ethiopian children reported fewer body organs than did Western children. Further, Ethiopian children and adults, unlike peoplefrom Western societies, did notthinkabout the body in terms of different biophysical functions. Rather, they perceived the body as a holistic system in which a divine providence was responsible for body organs working together harmoniously. Implications of the differing perceptions about internal body organs, health, illness, and treatment are discussed.


In 1998, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board established a Water Quality Attainment Strategy for Sediment and Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for Redwood Creek, California. In the TMDL, a 10-year rolling average of sediment yield of 1900 t of total sediment/mi 2 /year (equivalent to about 500 Mg of suspended sediment/km 2 /yr) was used as a threshold of concern. We investigate the relevance of this value by analyzing trends in suspended sediment yields at two gaging stations in Redwood Creek, north coastal California. The TMDL reported that at both the upstream and downstream gaging stations, the 10-year rolling average exceeded the threshold between 1973 and 1992, and was below threshold from 1993-1996. A comparison of suspended sediment-discharge rating curves shows a significant shift from higher sediment transport rates in the 1970's (following large storms and extensive landslide activity) to lower rates in the 1980's and 1990's, and even lower rates in the 2000's. In recent years the upstream and downstream gaging stations, monitoring sediment transport from drainage areas of 175 and 725 km 2 , respectively, have similar sediment concentrations on a per unit area basis. This lack of a significant shift in sediment transport curves suggests that the trends in the TMDL rolling average are more dependent on flow magnitude rather than being indicative of changes in sediment transport relationships in the basin.


The study seeks to know if the acquired knowledge from entrepreneurship education offered in the university enhances and moderates entrepreneurship competencies on entrepreneurial motivation.
The study employs both qualitative interviews and a cross-sectional survey of a sample of 300 graduates cutting across different faculties.
The study finds that entrepreneurship education is a requisite to entrepreneurship motivation. It also reveals that entrepreneurship motivation could be predicted through entrepreneurship competencies. Contrary to the common belief that entrepreneurship education is a requisite to entrepreneurship motivation and competencies, this study reveals otherwise. It shows that entrepreneurship education does not account for graduate's motivation to becoming entrepreneurs.
The study recommends that the entrepreneurship education should be directed towards developing the psychology of graduates along the path of entrepreneurship to boost entrepreneurial motivation, skills, and critical thought.
The study contributes to research on entrepreneurship. Specifically, it seeks to find out if the acquired knowledge from entrepreneurship education influences entrepreneurship competencies on entrepreneurial motivation.


COMPAT sets aside cartel fines against cement companies* The most significant cartel development of 2015 happened to come right at the end. On 11 December 2015, the Competition Appellate…


The developed and introduced stage-by-stage system of rehabilitation of persons from risk group directed to maintaining health working in harmful working conditions for KamAZ, allowed to define risk groups at early stages and in due time to reveal initial forms of occupational diseases.


In this paper, the bending analysis of Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) reinforced honeycomb core sandwich composite plate has been performed based on the higher-order shear deformation theory using finite element formulations. The parametric study on the static behavior of honeycomb sandwich composite plates hybrid with MWCNT with the influence of the weight percentage of CNTs for core material and upper and bottom skins with various boundary conditions, different ply configuration was performed. The numerical study clearly shows that the bending deflection decrease with an increase in the weight percentage of MWCNTs. The boundary condition C-C-C-C has the lowest deflection while the C-F-F-F end condition has the highest deflection irrespective of ply configuration considered. The deflection of the sandwich plate with MWCNT can be found almost two times lower than deflection without MWCNT due to higher stiffness offered by fillers. It can be observed that the influence of MWCNT in the core is least contributing to increasing the stiffness with the influence of MWCNT in the skins on the bending characteristics. Finally, It can be concluded that this study reveals the influence of adding fillers in the core and skins has much difference in the bending characteristics of MWCNT reinforced honeycomb core sandwich composite plate.


This article describes the teaching and learning culture of a newly established women's college in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The academic culture at Effat College in 2002 included administrators and teachers from many nations, which created unique challenges in cross‐cultural communication. These challenges, in turn, affected the development and organization of the institutional culture at Effat. Using a cultural lens, archival data were used to analyze the expectations and relations between the multicultural faculty and administration at the college. Our research revealed that the faculty related to one another through their own cultural perspectives. Faculty from the western nations promoted more reflective and constructivist classrooms, while those from eastern nations were more authoritarian. With a diverse faculty from multiple nations holding significant differences in cultural expectations, it is important to acknowledge that all beliefs hold value and deserve respect. Whether or not people accept one another's views, just having a more clear understanding of the differences may allow them to seek out commonalities and explain varying perspectives and actions. Therefore, we need to be conscious of the cultural assumptions faculty and administrators bring with them into higher education.


N-acyl amidation. The final instance of extensive bile acid glucuronidation occurs in both animals9 and humans10 when C23 (C-24 nor) dihydroxy bile acids are administered. Nor dihydroxy bile acids are poor substrates for the Coenzyme A ligase. The unconjugated bile acid partitions into the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and undergoes glucuronidation at C-3 or C-23 (animals) or only C-23 (humans), in agreement with the observations of Trottier et al.1 In humans, the C-6 glucuronide of hyodeoxycholic acid as well as the C-23 glucuronide of norUDCA are excreted in both urine and bile.7,10 In summary, hepatic N-acyl amidation with glycine or taurine of newly synthesized bile acids as well as unconjugated bile acids returning from the intestine is highly efficient in health and in liver disease. As a result, ester glucuronidation at C-24, the major bile acid glucuronidation pathway in man, cannot occur because the two pathways are mutually exclusive. Thus, glucuronidation, the major phase II biotransformation pathway for many drugs, remains a very minor pathway for conjugation of endogenous bile acids in man.


SUMMARY The harmonious coloring of an undirected simple graph is a vertex coloring such that adjacent vertices are assigned different colors and each pair of colors appears together on at most one edge. The harmonious chromatic number of a graph is the least number of colors used in such a coloring. The harmonious chromatic number of a path is known, whereas the problem to find the harmonious chromatic number is NP-hard even for trees with pathwidth at most 2. Hence, we consider the harmonious coloring of trees with pathwidth 1, which are also known as caterpillars. This paper shows the harmonious chromatic number of a caterpillar with at most one vertex of degree more than 2. We also show the upper bound of the harmonious chromatic number of a 3-regular caterpillar.


Aim: To evaluate the effects of oxygen therapy in the treatment of severe trauma by monitoring mixed venous oxygen saturation (SO 2). Methods: We studied the correlation between SO 2 and APAHEⅡ score in 61 patients with severe trauma to understand the mechanism of the balance between supply and consumption of oxygen in severe trauma and its clinical implication. In this study, oxygen saturation of central venous blood (SO 2) in 57 cases was measured in place of SO 2. Results: After systemic treatment, the cure rate in the group with obviously increaed SO 2 was significantly higher than that in the group with obviously decreased SO 2. There was significant correlation between injury severity, SO 2 and cure rate. Conclusion:SO 2 was of great importance in the monitoring of oxygen metabolism in severe trauma, and was a good index of tissue oxygen utilization. It could reflect both respiration function and circulation function. To increase SO 2, great efforts should be made to improve cardiac output (CO) and oxygen saturation of arterial blood (SaO 2), and to lower oxygen consumption (O 2). Thus, cure rate can be increased.


This paper presents a Runtime Verification (RV) approach for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) using the JaCaMo framework. Our objective is to bring a layer of security to the MAS. This is achieved keeping in mind possible safety-critical uses of the MAS, such as robotic applications. This layer is capable of controlling events during the execution of the system without needing a specific implementation in the behaviour of each agent to recognise the events. In this paper, we mainly focus on MAS when used in the context of hybrid intelligence. This use requires communication between software agents and human beings. In some cases, communication takes place via natural language dialogues. However, this kind of communication brings us to a concern related to controlling the flow of dialogue so that agents can prevent any change in the topic of discussion that could impair their reasoning. The latter may be a problem and undermine the development of the software agents. In this paper, we tackle this problem by proposing and demonstrating the implementation of a framework that aims to control the dialogue flow in a MAS; especially when the MAS communicates with the user through natural language to aid decision-making in a hospital bed allocation scenario.


Objective: To compare in vitro the degree of marginal microleakage in injected embedded ceramics cemented with two self-adhesive dual resin cements: seT PP (SDI) and RelyX U200 (3M ESPE). Materials and methods: 40 upper and lower premolars extracted for orthodontic 1 División De Rehabilitación ORal, caRReRa De estOmatOlOgía, UniveRsiDaD científica Del sUR. lima, PeRú.


Abiotic transfer of organic and inorganic materials by a diverse family of processes is an essential part of all natural, large-scale ecosystems. Physical processes of material transfer are particularly important in the coniferous forest biome, which contains many geologically youthful and geomorphically active landscapes. High-relief, steep hillslope and channel gradients, dense vegetation, massive trees, and heavy precipitation result in a complex relationship among material transfer processes and vegetation. In a strict sense, material transfer involves erosion, transport, and deposition. This is equivalent to current usage of the term "sedimentation," which geologists and engineers use to describe transfer of predominantly inorganic material. In a system with significant depositional sites, material transfer includes routing of material through a variety of storage compartments. In this study, which deals mainly with a small, steep watershed where storage opportunities are limited, we emphasize annual material transfer rates and roles of vegetation but do not attempt to quantify deposition and storage. Material transfer has several important roles in the functioning of foreststream ecosystems. It is an important mechanism for nutrient redistribution and particularly nutrient export from ecosystems. Erosion and deposition create landforms that offer contrasting habitat opportunities for terrestrial and aquatic organisms on a variety of temporal and spatial scales. Erosion may also determine rates and patterns of succession following or during either erosion disturbances (for example, landslide) or disturbance of vegetation alone (for example, wildfire or insect infestation). These effects may be localized to the scales of root-throw mounds and landslide scars (generally <2000 m2) or they may extend over broad areas covering many hectares. There is also a variety of ways in which vegetation regulates rates of erosion processes. These influences of vegetation may result in reduced erosion by the effects of ground cover and rooting strength, or in increased erosion, as in the case of trees serving as a medium for transfer of wind stress to the soil mantle.


This paper combines information on two topics that are related to interlock programs: (1) how can we detect the offenders that we cannot change? (2) how do we go about trying to change the offenders who are able to change? and (3) how do we know the difference? The paper describes how these are relevant questions regarding the interlock device and programs because of the fact that no matter how well interlock programs can control offenders while the device is on the car and working, some portion of those offenders will revert to drinking and driving and public endangerment after the interlock control period ends. And the final part of this puzzle is how do we get the courts to take action when we are able to make a distinction between the changeable and the unchangeable with a reasonable probability of accuracy?


Fatty acids in persimmon leaves were extracted with a mixed solvent of ether and n _ hexane, and then the extract was esterfied by NaOH-CH3OH. The esterfied sample was determined by FFAP capillary GC-MS. 21 fatty acids were separated and 19 fatty acids of them were identified, and their relative contents were measured. The main components of the fatty acids in persimmon leaves are myristic acid(6.68%), palmitic acid(30.00%), stearic acid(10.42%),hexadecatrienoic acid(1.44%), linoleic acid(1.84%), 10 _ octadecenoic acid(22.22%),linolenic acid(1.25%),arachidic acid (1.72%), cerotic acid(19.01%).


This is a study carried out with Pomeranian children diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) living in the city of Santa Maria de Jetibá, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, known as the most Pomeranian city in Brazil, where a large part of the population presents the characteristic of simultaneous bilingualism – Portuguese-Pomeranian, which has caused some challenges in the educational context. Therefore, the objective of this research was to describe behaviors that are communication indicators, based on structured interactions in Pomeranian and Portuguese Language, enabling the identification of differences in the interactions observed in L1 Portuguese Language and L2 Pomeranian Language. To reach the proposed goals, three male children were selected, two 9 year olds and one 10 year old, Pomeranian-Portuguese bilinguals, diagnosed with ASD at least a year before this research and accompanied by health professionals and inclusive education. This research adopts a descriptive methodology, of multiple case study type, whose data analysis method adopted was of a qualitative character, in order to comprehend the variable subjects involved in the process of communication and interaction of each case. The procedure of data collection included the presentation of Continued Storyboards), that had as the purpose to suit as visual stimulus for the child to elaborate a story. The results indicate that in the interactions performed in the Pomeranian language, the smiles, gestures, attention sharing and demonstrations of feelings were more frequent when compared to the interactions performed in the Portuguese language, which indicates that the child presents more non-verbal behavior in interactions performed in his mother tongue. Therefore, this data points to that mother tongue interactions (Pomeranian) may act in the fortification of Attention Shared abilities, a central competence for social interactions to happen.


The rates of oxidative degradation of perchloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) using solution were evaluated under the flow condition using a bench-scale transport experimental setup. Parameters which are considered to affect the reaction rates tested in this study were the contact time (or retention time), and the concentration of oxidizing agent. A glass column packed with coarse sand was used for simulating the aquifer condition. Contact time between reactants was controlled by changing the flow rate of the solution through the column. The inflow concentrations of PCE and TCE were controlled constant within the range of and , respectively. And the contact time was min for PCE and min for TCE. The concentration was controlled constant during experiment in the range of . It was found that the reduction of PCE and TCE concentrations were inversely proportional to the contact time. The exact reaction order for the PCE and TCE degradation reaction could not be determined under the experimental condition used in this study. However, the estimated reaction rate constants assuming pseudo-1st order reaction agree with those reported based on batch studies. TCE degradation rate was proportional to concentration. This was considered to be the result of using high inflow concentrations of reactant, which might be the case at the vicinity of the source zones in aquifer. The results of this study, performed using a dynamic flow system, are expected to provide useful information for designing and implementing a field scale oxidative removal process for PCE/TCE-contaminated sites.


Supportive use of chemotherapeutic agents after periodontal surgery contributes to wound healing and improves the clinical results decreasing the bacterial plaque accumulation, and postoperative pain and edema. In this study it was aimed to evaluate the macroscopic and histomorphometric effects of various antimicrobial agents administered topically on the experimentally excised wounds which were created on the palatine mucosa of rats in comparison to a control group. In the study, 84 Wistar rats were included, and a biopsy instrument that had a diameter of 4 mm was used to create a mucosal wound centrally on the palatine. On the experimentally excised defect sites chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) 1% gel (Corsodyl®), octenidine (Octenisept®), polyhexanide solution (Prontoral®), hyaluronic acid 0.8% gel (Gengigel®) and isotonic saline solution in the control group each was used for one minute on every day. Defect diameters were detected on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days of histomorphometrically created wounds of sacrified rats. The mean distance between defect margins was significantly reduced in both the experiment and control groups in time. The most statistically significant reduction in defect diameters was achieved in the polyhexanide solution (Prontoral®) group (p


We study the optical stress and deformation of a dielectric sphere by an arbitrary shaped electromagnetic beam. The incident optical beam is described within the framework of generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT). A model based on the stress balance across a static fluid interface is used to determine the optical deformation of a particle composed of concentric spherical shells. An important analytic expression for the optical deformation is derived. With this result, we examine the optical stress and deformation of (i) a homogeneous spherical particle and (ii) a sphere with a concentric spherical shell. Illumination by both linearly and circularly polarized Gaussian and zeroth-order Bessel beams are considered. Cases relevant to optical trapping and manipulation experiments are analyzed.


The paper has put forward problems and solutions of Chinese cataloguing in Guangxi University Library based on the authors working experience in hopes of improving library-cataloguing work.


The method that simple cubic equation was changed from general to standard was introduced and the distribution of standardized real root was illustrated, which solved the problem of the distribution of any real root for simple cubic equation.


profession in the common-law provinces as it attempts to resist encroachment and to retain autonomy and status in the face of social demands. It is handicapped by the &dquo;stereotype&dquo; it has inspired. Its pressing problems have been the creation of reimbursement funds, the provision of free legal aid, and the exclusion of unsuitable members. Profesor Zakuta in discussing the radical political movement in Canada explains why &dquo;the C.C.F. [Co-operative Commonwealth Federation] although unsuccessful, nonetheless acquired a worldly character.&dquo; Considered as a federal party, &dquo;it has been


This article explores the use of the police officer in both periodical journalism and cheap, massproduced "police memoir" fiction from the mid-nineteenth century. It highlights how police officers were inserted into writing that was concerned with urban growth and urban criminality and argues that they helped journalists, authors and readers to map, experience, understand and criticise the growth of the metropolis. The police officer was originally seen to be a protective figure for journalists delving into spaces deemed criminal, and writing about crime for readers' interest. Across the early-to-mid nineteenth century, social exploration articles appeared frequently in periodicals. The authors were reliant on the police for access to a multitude of criminal spaces that emerged as the city grew. Thus, the police officer's rise was connected to the city, and the police themselves formed a part of the urban environment, with the power to observe, explore and influence it. The presence of the police officer in journalism led to developments in other kinds of writing, including fiction. The power of the police to reveal hidden or latent criminality in the urban space was actively used in a variety of ways to create new, cheap and popular forms of fiction.


We present a low cost, easy to fabricate biosensor, which can quickly and accurately detect Salmonella typhimurium. This study also compares the advantages of the microfluidic biosensor over a nonmicrofluidic biosensor. High density interdigitated electrode array was used to detect Salmonella cells inside a microfluidic chip. Monoclonal anti-Salmonella antibodies were allowed to be immobilized on the surface of the electrode array for selective detection of Salmonella typhimurium. An impedance analyzer was used to measure and record the response signal from the biosensor. The biosensor provides qualitative and quantitative results in 3 hours without any enrichment steps. The microfluidic biosensor's lower detection limit was found to be  CFU/mL compared to the  CFU/mL of the nonmicrofluidic biosensor, which shows that the microfluidic biosensor has 10-fold increased sensitivity. The impedance response of microfluidic biosensor was also significantly higher (2 to 2.9 times) compared to the nonmicrofluidic biosensor.


The term 'space' has many connotations but it is inherently geographical. Education is to do with learning and teaching, whether through formal, informal or non-formal modes. It is the acquisition of knowledge and skills through information flow, ranging from teacher to student in a one-to-one situation to the instant and constant supply of financial details on a global scale. Scale is a fundamental attribute of context, and context is vital to the understanding of education as a distinctive component of the human condition. It would seem, therefore, that the discipline based on spatial and locational analysis, namely geography, would not only have something to offer the study of education, but also share some of its characteristics. In other words, there exists a Geography of Education. Unlike the crude but popular image of geography as having to do with distinctive features of the physical world, such as mountains and deserts, the educational component of the human world is largely unexplored in spatial terms. A prime objective of this special edition of Comparative Education is to get to 'base camp' in this exploration. This is important in order to help establish the identity of the geography of education alongside its older siblings, such as the history of education, philosophy of education and sociology of education. Sadly these sub-disciplines themselves have been marginalised within the field of educational studies. This has occurred largely because of a trend in teacher education and training towards a purely instrumental and technical mode. This has been driven by what most governments see as the prime purpose of schooling, as lamented by Grayling (2001):


The aim of this paper is to present a series of discoveries attributed to the Turkic nomadic populations (11th– 12th centuries), resulting from archaeological research conducted in 2018 and 2019 in several burial mounds placed in the localities of Târgșoru Nou and Inotești from Prahova County, as well as Lunca from Buzău county. It includes descriptions of the investigated archaeological features, the results of the anthropological and archaeozoological determinations as well as those of the physico-chemical investigations of some metal artefacts, and absolute chronology dates. Given that artefacts were part of the archaeological features investigated, we briefly present information regarding their analogies and occurrence. These discoveries highlight a time period which is otherwise scarcely known in this region and at the same time add weight to other materials already published during past years.


We propose an indexing structure for bitemporal databases. Such structure is based on two trees, one indexing valid time and another indexing transaction time. The trees share pointers to the actual data records, which are thus not duplicated. Bitemporal queries are processed by dividing the query in two parts, a valid time part and a transaction time part. Each tree is searched according to these partial queries, and the answer is determined by the correct composition of the partial answers. We show how simple coordination of the tree searching, along with a simple assumption on the temporal data, improves query processing performance. The proposed structure also allows querying either time dimension, separately from the other one.


We present a measurement of theB s − B̄ s oscillation frequency using a large sample of fully reconstructed hadronic and partially reconstructed hadronic and semileptonic B s decays corresponding to approximately 2.4 fb of integrated luminosity accumulated with the DØ Detector in Run II at the Fermilab Tevatron. The flavor of the final state of the B s meson is determined using the charge of the particle from the reconstructed decay B s → l (π)D s X, where l + is for the semileptonic modes and π is for the hadronic mode. Oppositeand same-side tagging methods are used for the initial-state flavor determination. We perform an unbinned likelihood fit of the proper decay length and obtain ∆ms = 18.56 ± 0.87(stat.) ps .


(57) Abstract: bound to the same atom, a trityl-type compound containing three aryl groups, at least one aryl group is a fluorophore, and at least one, but have a substituent containing a functional group and further wherein the compound is capable of existing state or the aryl group conjugated with ionized state, not ionized.


Paraquat-diquat products are used as herbicicides, but are toxic to humans, even in small amounts. These products mainly damage the lungs, liver, and kidneys. To treat intoxication resulting from ingestion of paraquat-diquat products, gastric lavage, intestinal lavage, forced diuresis, and blood purification are generally performed, or a laxative or an adsorbent may be used. However the associated mortality rate is approximately 70 %. A 51-year-old woman put a paraquat-diquat product accidentally into her mouth, but immediately spit it out. Spontaneous pain developed in the oral cavity after 2 days, and she visited our hospital 4 days later with this pain as the chief complaint. Erosive lesions had developed from the oral cavity to the pharynx, and the patient had severe haphalgesia and odynophagia. The patient was given a diagnosis of oral chemical injury and was immediately hospitalized to control the pain and monitor general condition. Blood examinations revealed acute renal failure. Four sessions of hemodialysis were performed. The patient's general health status improved, and the pain in the oral cavity subsided. She was discharged after 17 days.


6.1.1 Identify area of inquiry, working in groups or individually. 126.96.36.199 Activate prior and background knowledge to select topic when appropriate, collaborating with others if working in group.  1.1.2 Use prior and background knowledge as context for new learning.  1.1.9 Collaborate with others to broaden and deepen understanding.  LAFS.6.W.3.8 Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources; assess the credibility of each source; and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and providing basic bibliographic information for sources.  LAFS.68.WHST.3.8 Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, using search terms effectively; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation.


In long field experience on the sod-podzol sandy soil polluted by long-living radionuclides, application of chemicalization means on rotation of crops was studied. It is shown, that the studied means of chemicalization raised the efficiency of crops of the crop rotation, reduced the accumulation of cesium-137, defined the character of migration of radio cesium on a soil profile, promoted the preservation of the reached level of soil fertility.


The Christian church's expansive zeal has often, throughout its history, walked handin-hand with the colonial pursuits of empires and nation-states. This cooperative approach between church and empire, which has been described as a Christendom or Constantinian paradigm, has not only implicated the church in the oppression and violent exploitation of people, but, because this paradigm has shaped the church's ecclesial and missiological imagination, such violent and oppressive tendencies are perpetuated. This paper will argue that, in order to break free from such an understanding, we need to reimagine how we understand our ecclesial being and missional purpose. In remembering what it means to be "witnesses" of Jesus Christ in the early church, an understanding which, because of the lifestyle it required, was intimately connected with the very real possibility of becoming a martyr, we are challenged by this alternative paradigm to reimagine our ecclesial being and missional purpose. This alternative imagination, based on a self-sacrificial paradigm of power, changes the very nature and "witness" of the church and its mission.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restore bits which are transmitted with an asynchronous signal when a transmit signal having a synchronous burst synchronously is processed and readjusted. SOLUTION: The circuit for restoring the bits transmitted with the asynchronous signal includes a 1st comparator 10 which compares the level of the asynchronous signal with a 1st threshold value Vref adjusted as a function of the output of a 1st comparator 10 during the synchronous burst of the asynchronous signal and at least one 2nd comparator 14 which compares the level of the asynchronous signal with a 2nd threshold value VrefH correlating with the 1st threshold value.


In Australia general elections are held frequently but governments change rarely. Voters regularly eschew the opportunity to dismiss a government at the conclusion of its first three year term In fact, not since the 1930s has a first term Federal government lost a general election. So the August 2010 election has been unusual in many ways.


Photogeneration of charge carriers is studied in poly-N- epoxypropylcarbazole (PEPC) doped by C60/C70 fullerene condensate (30/70 mol.%). Efficiency (phi) of the charge carrier photogeneration was determined using the electrophotography technique with tritium ionizer. That efficiency is shown to increase monotonously with the fullerene concentration growth. A characteristic feature of the spectral dependence (phi) (lambda) is an increase of (phi) in the absorption region of the fullerene-sensitized PEPC. The initial efficiency of the charge carrier photogeneration (phi) 0 and thermalization radius r0 are determined.


As the General Medical Council (GMC) is currently in the process of reviewing its ethical guidance on confidentiality, it is a prescient time to consider the legal and ethical issues inherent in it. This paper examines the question of anonymized data, and highlights the fact that the legal position regarding whether it should be classed as confidential is unclear, with the possibility of a change in the law being very real. Indeed, the article argues that the notion that anonymized data is not confidential can be challenged on both legal and ethical grounds, and thus that the GMC should take this into account in its new guidance. Although identifying the fact that this might have implications for epidemiological research, the article highlights an alternative approach that would allow the conduct of such research while not infringing patients' legally protected human rights.


This was a report of clinical manifestation and CT and pathlogical features in a patient with heroin spongiform leucoencephalopathy. By analyzing the clinical characteristics, CT and biopsy findings of 1 patient and reviewing literatures , the characteristics of pathology and clinic of heroin spongiform leucoencephalopathy are as followed: (1)There is the history of inhalation of the pyrolysate of impure heroin. (2) The onset, usually acute or subacute. (3) The onset was characterized by a cerebellar signs, including progressive dysarthria,cerebellar ataxia, and dystonia. (4) The central motor system was predominanatly involved. (5) CSF is normal. (6) The test of urine for morphine may be negative. (7) Brain computed tomography imaging may reveal extensive symmetric white matter involvement of bilateral cerebral hemispheres , especially cerebellar hemispheres.The lesions which are not contrast enhancing is hypodense on CT. (8) Spongiform changes morphologically characterizes the lesions. The inhaling "heroin" pyrolysate could lead to spongiform leucoencephalopathy. There have been suspicions about possible contamination of small batches of the drug by an unknown substance that is activated by heating. The patients, who have the history of inhaling "heroin" pyrolysate, should be immediately examined by CT or MRI when the signs of brain damage, especially cerebellar signs. It is the first time that the disease have been reported in China(except Taiwan), and the statement has important significance for prevention and treatment the complication from taking heroin.


Abstract Because families disrupt fair patterns of distribution and, in particular, equality of opportunity, egalitarians believe that the institution of the family needs to be defended at the bar of justice. In their recent book, Harry Brighouse and Adam Swift have argued that the moral gains of preserving the family outweigh its moral costs. Yet, I claim that the egalitarian case for abolishing the family has been over-stated due to a failure to consider how alternatives to the family would also disturb fair distributions and, in particular, equality of opportunity. Absent the family, children would continue to be exposed to care-givers of different levels of ability, investment in childrearing and beneficial partiality. In addition, social mechanisms other than the family would lead to the accumulation of economic inequalities. Any kind of upbringing will fail to realise equality for reasons that go deeper than the family: our partiality and unequal abilities to nurture.


Public international law does not envisage a single source of law; nor does it contemplate a single supreme law-creating body. Conflict between various norms, whatever be their nature, is therefore an inevitability. Such conflicts are one of the many causes that affect the ability of the legal system to maintain stability and accountability. Resolving such conflicts is essential to ensure that any system does not fall under its own weight. The importance of resolving conflicts is amplified in the context of the public international law regime, which consists of a number of sub-systems, thereby resulting in a higher probability of conflicts. Equally important to the issue of resolving conflict is identifying when the solution is to be applied. After all, what good is any "ultimate answer" without identifying the "ultimate question"! In other words, one must first identify the existence of a conflict to resolve it. Very few publicists of international repute have, however, dealt with this issue, in particular, in sufficient substantive detail. Despite the limited number of opinions, there is, unfortunately, no consensus on this topic. The present comment portrays the author's view on this issue. In this comment, the question has been analyzed with a very simple policy objective: avoiding fragmentation of international law. The author's views are presented by way of critically examining the opinion of Joost Pauwelyn, a noted scholar in this field, who has most recently dealt with this issue in a comprehensive manner. Moulded into this crtique are three hypothetical scenarios that would allow the reader to grasp the significance of the question.


It is suggested that Barash's data may also be interpreted as illustrating a phase change due to total internal reflection.


The present invention relates to a roll-to-roll patterning device and a projection system that includes an alignment roller to align the film member, the film member is aligned by the alignment rollers, so it goes between the pattern roller and the pressure roller, to move the film member in the correct position number may be able to produce a film piece precise pattern formed accordingly.


COVID-19 has highlighted the fragility of supply chains for food, medicines, health care, consumer electronics, and more. This paper focuses on an under-appreciated supply chain risk, cybersecurity, that was present before the pandemic and which the pandemic brings into sharper focus. The digital economy has grown nearly four times as fast as the rest of the economy between 2004 and 2016, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. The proliferation of digital services has created significant value and employment opportunities; this proliferation has also created a wide array of new cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Vulnerabilities of DVRs, CCTVs, smart security cameras, automobiles such as Tesla, voting machines, and municipal systems held up by ransomware are known and discussed in the literature, but these examples miss a problem that can touch on all networked devices. We argue that supply chain risk is an important, under-studied aspect of the problem. In short, these vulnerabilities have the potential to adversely affect aggregate growth and national security objectives because of connectivity across firms and sectors. As such, this work seeks to provide an understanding of and a path forward for supply chain cybersecurity.


For running carton overwrapper YB95A independently, the machine was retrofitted by adding power input device, carton conveying passage, electric control cabinet and control system, air circuit system and encoder. The results of application showed that the overwrapped cartons presented good appearance, the production capacity reached 25 carton/minute; only 2 workers were needed to conduct maintenance per shift, comparing with that only several thousands of cartons could be manually overwrapped in a shift by 36 workers. The working efficiency was effectively increased.


Objective To understand the incidence pattern of adverse event following immunization(AEFI) and identify the related factors,and provide evidence for the improvement of the quality of vaccination services.Methods The incidence data of AEFI in Taizhou during 2012 were collected through national AEFI information management system and the descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted.Results Totally 173 AEFI cases were reported in2012 through AEFI information management system in Taizhou.AEFI were reported in all 9 counties,the overall reporting rate within 48 h was 98.27% and the investigating rate within 48 hours after reporting was 100%.Among the173 cases,112 were children less than 1 years old,accounting for 64.74%;Among the AEFI cases,136 were mild reactions,26 were abnormal reaction,10 were joint reactions and 1 was psychogenic reaction,accounting for 78.6%,15.0%,5.8% and 0.58% respectively.AEFI occurred within 1 day after vaccination in 157 people,accounting for90.75%;Among the AEFI cases,172 were cured,accounting for 99.4%.Conclusion AEFI surveillance system in Taizhou worked well.The reporting rate,investigating rate within 48 hours and the sensitivity of AEFI surveillance were at high levels.The vaccination safety and service quality were ensured.


Parallel damping (PD) passivity-based control (PBC) of buck and boost quasi-resonant converters (QRCs) is presented. In PD-PBC, damping is injected at the voltage coordinate in contrast to standard PBC in which series damping is injected on the input current. This results in a closed-loop system which is robust against load variations and with the ability to shape the output. Due to the nature of the dynamics of QRCs, both output capacitor voltage and inductor current measurements are needed. Simulation results to illustrate the features of the proposed strategy are also presented.


Human peritoneal macrophages (M phi) were given intravenously to normal rabbits and rabbits with Escherichia coli septicaemia. No harmful effects were observed during a period of three months following macrophage transfusions and the septicaemia was eradicated in four of five animals. Thus xenogeneic M phi transfusion is feasible and can combat serious bacterial infections.


In Conditions of iron overload, and particularly primary haemochromatosis, any agent which would prevent or diminish the absorption of iron in the diet might play a useful part in therapy.


The author has carried out theoretical study of the development of ideas in legal science on the principles of legal process; has studied the etymological meaning of the term of "principle". The analysis of legal literature and the corresponding normative and legal material has been carried out. It has been noted that the principles of legal process are formed as a result of verified, reasoned and substantiated activities of authorized entities after the cognition of the patterns of procedural activities. Using the action of principles of legal process in the legal system as a criterion of classification, the author has singled out its general and special principles. The general principles of legal process include principles aimed at revealing the nature, character, nature of legal process. The special principles, in turn, include principles that reflect the functional orientation of the types of legal process and determine the organizational features, specifics of means and methods of carrying out procedural activities at its individual stages. Taking into account the organizational features, specifics of means and methods of carrying out procedural activities at its separate stages, such principles of stages of legal process as the principle of written form of consolidation, the principle of legal qualification, the principle of certification of result, the principle of urgency have been singled out. The author has provided characteristics and has revealed the content of these principles.


Sets as the theory of human capital,with literature review and social survey,this paper probes into some important problems as formation and investment of Chinese athlete human capital.The result shows that the main content of athlete human capital is the production capacity of economic value cohered to the athletes,and its formation is due to internal and external causes.The manual capacity of the athlete particular competitive capacity is the natural core and source to form athlete human capitals.It is also formed by the sustained investments of every investor.Indeed,such investments can only be formed high-ranking manual capacity by functioned on the suitable athletes,to finally transform the human capitals.The national investments are the dominant power as its huge amount and its widespread field,but the investment risk of it is not high and the cost is shared by all sectors of the society.While with the individual investments,it concludes both money and time input,and material and spiritual input.What's more,it has high risks and the opportunity cost of its investments is high.


Observations of binary systems obtained recently with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S) of Cherenkov telescopes are reported. The outcomes of a detailed observation campaign on PSR B1259-63 during its periastron passage in 2014 will be presented. This system was observed for the first time with H.E.S.S. II, providing spectra and light curves down to 200 GeV, which will be compared with observations conducted during previous periastron passages and with results from an analysis of contemporaneously taken Fermi-LAT data. Also long-term observations of LS 5039 with H.E.S.S in phase I and phase II are reported. This source was monitored at very high energies (VHEs) in a period of time spanning more than ten years. Its spectral energy distribution measured with H.E.S.S. II extends down to 120 GeV. Spectral results from the Fermi-LAT observations are shown as well, and the compatibility with H.E.S.S. results in the overlapping energy range is discussed. The identification of the new gamma-ray binary candidate HESS J1832-093 will also be presented. Furthermore, the search for VHE emission from the microquasars GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1 and V4641 Sgr based on data from H.E.S.S. observations conducted contemporaneously with the RXTE satellite experiment will be reported. These data provide constraints on the integral gamma-ray flux at different X-ray states of the three sources.


NdF3 single crystal was efficiently grown from the melt by the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method. The grown crystal had a single phase confirmed by XRD. Then Optical properties and α-ray excited scintillation properties in Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) wavelength region were investigated. It showed 60-80 % transmittance down to 170 nm, and broad luminescence centered at 175 nm. The light yield and decay time of it were also evaluated under 5.5 MeV α-ray excitation (241Am). The light yield was evaluated to be 60 ± 6 [Ph / 5.5 MeV-α], and the decay time was also evaluated to be 6.9 ns under 5.5 MeV a-ray excitation.


Amy Rowat applies her biophysical research to your next meal. Amy Rowat applies her biophysical research to your next meal.


The field of conversation generation using neural networks has attracted increasing attention from researchers for several years. However, traditional neural language models tend to generate a generic reply with poor semantic logic and no emotion. This article proposes an emotional conversation generation model based on a Bayesian deep neural network that can generate replies with rich emotions, clear themes, and diverse sentences. The topic and emotional keywords of the replies are pregenerated by introducing commonsense knowledge in the model. The reply is divided into multiple clauses, and then a multidimensional generator based on the transformer mechanism proposed in this article is used to iteratively generate clauses from two dimensions: sentence granularity and sentence structure. Subjective and objective experiments prove that compared with existing models, the proposed model effectively improves the semantic logic and emotional accuracy of replies. This model also significantly enhances the diversity of replies, largely overcoming the shortcomings of traditional models that generate safe replies.


Aiming to bridge the gap in the field of computational thinking and computing education, this study examines preservice teachers' knowledge of and self-efficacy related to CT assessment. It also develops a reliable instrument to understand the construct of teacher assessment of CT. Specifically, the research questions focus on investigating the extent of preservice teachers' knowledge and level of self-efficacy of CT assessment, and identifying the difference between demographic variables on teacher knowledge and self-efficacy related to CT assessment. Adopting a cross-sectional survey design, the participants were 182 preservice teachers. Both descriptive statistics and Exploratory Factor Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that the preservice teachers know little about how to use CT assessment to help students, and they believe they know even less about using specific assessment techniques to accomplish assessment. Keywords: computational thinking, assessment, teacher knowledge, teacher self-efficacy


This article is intended to offer constructive criticism of the transhumanist imperative of advancing the creation of living beings beyond the human. For this purpose, the conditions of possibility for the emergence and long-term survival of transhuman beings will be identified and examined, particularly within the framework of an enactive understanding of evolution according to Francisco Varela, Evan Thompson, and others. Transhuman beings, that is, technically corrected and upgraded entities, have their origin in human individuals whose essential characteristics I consider to be (1) their participation in life and their performance of life and (2) their sense-making cognitive activity—both describable by the autopoietic idea of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela. I demonstrate that transhuman beings, which are assumed to share these features with humans and which I therefore describe by the term enactive, can only develop and stay alive if mutual adaptation between them and their environment is maintained. To achieve adaptation, enactive transhuman beings must exhibit the ability to adapt on their own—making adaptedness and adaptability conditions of possibility for the emergence and long-term survival of enactive transhuman beings. From this perspective, optimizing and therapeutic interventions into so-called human nature, which has always possessed a technical–cultural side, are an expression of human adaptability and enable new adaptive equilibria between transhuman being and environment on a phylogenetic level. Therefore, I advocate a moderate transhumanism that seeks to preserve this mutual adaptedness while expanding the (trans)human capacity for adaptation.


A FORTRAN 77 program is presented which computes the minimum multiple correlation coefficient needed for significance when another predictor is added, and the Wherry (1940) and Olkin and Pratt (1958) corrections for shrinkage.


Using a data-driven analysis of diffusion MRI called connectivity based cortical parcellation, we were able to segment the human inferior parietal lobule into spatially contiguous regions that closely match the human cytoarchitectonic atlas. This supports the cortical field hypothesis in that connectivity profiles appear to define the same field boundaries as histo-logic features. Here we present an approach and evaluation method for connectivity-based cortical parcellation.


The transient performance caused by step change of steering wheels position of a vehicle with oversteering is studied in this paper. The performance was assessed basing on indirect integral estimate widely applied in automatic control theory. Impact analysis on integral quadratic estimate of design parameters of a vehicle and its speed has been carried out.


Transfer complexes of cargo jib devices with multispeed driving asynchronous engines are used at the distant-waters fishing, for cargoes transfer to the open sea. One of the ways to increase cargo work efficiency is the development of a transfer complex automated control system with the use of a normal system of the electric drive. The geometrical constructions corresponding to an optimum cargo motion path were done for a specific pair of vessels. The expressions for boundary values of pendant lengths at which there should be a change of operating modes of electric motors are received. With the help of the program, in Matlab 6.1 environment, the diagram of a cargo motion path for the offered system was drawn. It has better parameters than at work under a transfer complex traditional control circuit.


Major experiments that will look into a range of scientific disciplines from human health to atmospheric conditions on Earth are on their way to the International Space Station following liftoff at 9:39 a.m. EST aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.


Freeze-thaw testing methods with different grade of severity have been applied to investigate the durability of – intentionally non air entrained – fibre reinforced concretes (FRC) mixed with nominally zero, 25, 50 and 75 kg/m3cold drawn steel fibres (30/0.5 mm). Concrete specimens were made with sulphate resistant Portland cement and were stored 28 days in water and under laboratory conditions afterwards. The mineralogical changes of hardened cement paste, the chloride absorption, the changes of the specific electrical resistance and the watertightness were studied to complete the usual mechanical properties tests (strength, Young's modulus, etc.). It can be concluded that an increasing dosage of steel fibres diminishes the loss of mass (e.g. scaling off) of FRC, but fibres themselves can not hinder the severe damage of the exposed surfaces and can not provide freeze-thaw and de-icing agent resistant concrete if it is not air entrained. Salt solution saturation (wet) condition and/or steel fibres impair the specific electrical resistance.


With the development of our socialist market economy,many medium and small corporations are playing important role in the development of our nation' s economy.While,the financing problem which exists in the world also influences our medium and small corporations.So,analyzing the financing problems and causes which are bothering many corporations has a great impact on the development of medium and small corporations!


Charles I summoned his Scottish estates three times before the Scottish revolution of 1638: in 1625, 1630 and 1633. This article examines the convention of estates of 1630, held one year after Charles had suspended his English parliament. Members of the convention agreed to renew the regular parliamentary taxation (though they refused to vote it for a longer period) and proved surprisingly co-operative over Charles's controversial revocation. However, there was a major explosion of opposition on religious grounds. Two presbyterian petitions attempted to sabotage the enforcement of the five articles of Perth, the crown's flagship liturgical policy; the petitions seemed likely to attract the support of a majority of the estates but were suppressed by high-handed government action. A resolution by the estates against the five articles of Perth might have had a similar effect to the House of Commons' resolutions of 1629 that led to the suspension of the English parliament. The article examines what is known a...


The two dimensional incompressible flow fields were simulated in this paper. The machine circumstance and the parallel program were analyzed with parallel virtual machine model, and the matching problems of parallel program and parallel machine are analyzed. It was indicated that modified parallel program had high parallel efficiency under MPP environment.


Bullying is a problem which generates several physical and psychological complications to the victim and even it could cause inferior results in the adulthood because it has a negative effect in the accumulation of cognitive and non-cognitive skills. This work uses a probit model to study the relationship between some observable features of teachers such as their satisfaction at school, experience and educational level with the probability of their students of being bullied using the data of the international test PIRLS 2011 of more than two hundred thousand students in 47 countries. Also, it is evaluated whether the victims of bullying exhibit a worse academic achievement compared to non-victims. The results show that teachers who are more satisfied and have more human capital are related with the diminution in the probability of their students of being bullied. Additionally, pupils who are bullied have a worse performance in PIRLS 2011 and this effect is larger for males.


those of public persons. However, it appears not always easy, in the text, to disentangle the migrants from public persons. In addition, given the content of the reported statements, we would have liked to better understand the potential impact of the dissemination of reported statements and of the way by which the researcher has addressed the issue with the participants. The book of Mrs Lopez is an excellent tool for understanding a particular case of transnational practices involving migrants' investment in two countries sharing a common border. This case is characterized by a relative geographical proximity between both countries as well as by the rural origin of migrants and the urban character of their place of establishment. Possible comparisons with studies grounded in different contexts may prove to be particularly insightful perspective to highlight the diversity of contemporary transnational realities.