Recently, surveillance systems have received a great interest from various users throughout the world. Some of these systems have started using background subtraction which is able to observe the activities in progress. So far, some of background subtraction based systems have been able to detect moving objects, however, the small view and the high rate of data still a technical challenge. The previous works done on this field by researchers still face some challenges which degrade the performance parameters; the precision, computing times, adaptability with multimodal backgrounds. Moreover, there are some challenges with applications and environment including the change in illumination, dynamic backgrounds or the blur caused by bad weather conditions and so on. The objective of this project is to evaluate and analyses the performance of Gaussian Mixture Model algorithms (GMM) for subtracting the foreground objects from the background in out-door scenes in different situations including all the challenges encountered in dynamic backgrounds, with bad weather conditions and the change in illumination. Then, the feasibility of GMM for surveillance systems is tested using some Datasets (image sequences and videos) which contain all the conditions and using a webcam. It will contribute to the development of vision based anomaly detection systems for monitoring and providing content-based images and videos recording of object's motion in a dynamic environment. The proposed method in this project is to use GMM which is suitable for multimodal backgrounds. The procedure to detect and then track the anomaly objects is done using C++ and OpenCV libraries as it contains various programming functions used for image processing. It does process sequences of images, videos and real-time videos streaming from a camera. The result shows that, GMM algorithms are able to detect and track anomaly objects in a dynamic environment. The feasibility of GMM for surveillance systems is proved. The precision of algorithms in most of the conditions tested was more than 90% and in the worst condition during snowy weather it wasn't less than 50%.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the physiological activities and oxidation inhibitory action. The effects of various solvents (distilled water DW, 70% ethanol and n-butanol) on the total phenolics content (TPC) of turmeric and their corresponding biological activity were studied. Bioactive compound of total saponin 7.506±0.349 mg SE/g dry weight. Turmeric extracts yield were DW (17.11%), 70% ethanol (15.26%) and n-butanol (4.12%), respectively. Oxidation inhibitory action of the samples exhibited a dose-dependent increase. However, in the current study, none of the samples evaluated showed activity as strong as the BHA, ascorbic acid and EDTA. Results showed that extraction solvent had significant effects on TPC and oxidation inhibitory action (DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power and ferric reducing antioxidant power) of n-butanol. Turmeric exhibited the antioxidant properties, which suggests that the plant material could be used for further studies as a potential source for bioactive and natural antioxidant.


The rain wind induced vibration(RWIV)of cables in cable stayed bridges from two aspects was explored.A new,more reasonable 2DOF RWIV model was established in which the ever-changing shape of rivulet was simulated for rivulet shape contributes greatly to RWIV,and the stability discriminants of the cable and the rivulet motion were deduced.After the new RWIV model was tested by the comparison with wind tunnel test datum,it is investigated that how the increments of cable speed,rivulet position and speed,and the coupling vibration between cable and rivulet influence cable and rivulet motion stability as well as how rivulet contributes to cable amplitude during the stage of cable amplitude increases rapidly.


This paper studies Physical-layer Network Coding (PNC) in a two-way relay channel (TWRC) operated based on OFDM and QPSK modulation but with the presence of carrier frequency offset (CFO). CFO, induced by node motion and/or oscillator mismatch, causes inter-carrier interference (ICI) that impairs received signals in PNC. Our ultimate goal is to empower the relay in TWRC to decode network-coded information of the end users at a low bit error rate (BER) under CFO, as it is impossible to eliminate the CFO of both end users. For that, we first put forth two signal detection and channel decoding schemes at the relay in PNC. For signal detection, both schemes exploit the signal structure introduced by ICI, but they aim for different output, thus differing in the subsequent channel decoding. We then consider CFO compensation that adjusts the CFO values of the end nodes simultaneously and find that an optimal choice is to yield opposite CFO values in PNC. Particularly, we reveal that pilot insertion could play an important role against the CFO effect, indicating that we may trade more pilots for not just a better channel estimation but also a lower BER at the relay in PNC. With our proposed measures, we conduct simulation using repeat-accumulate (RA) codes and QPSK modulation to show that PNC can achieve a BER at the relay comparable to that of point-to-point transmissions for low to medium CFO levels.


Dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) genes play an important role in improving and enhancing stress tolerance of plants in response to abiotic stresses by interacting with DRE/CRT cis- element present in the promoter region of various stress-responsive genes. Thus, characterization of these genes and development of functional markers for effective alleles is important for crop improvement programmes. Identification of a synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism associated with dehydration tolerance at 558th bp (an A/G transition) in the SiDREB2 gene of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) and development of an allele-specific marker (ASM) has previously been reported by us. Here, we report on validation of the ASM in a core set of 170 foxtail millet accessions through single-marker regression analysis. The regression of lipid peroxidation (LP) on the ASM suggested that the SiDREB2 associated trait contributed to 27.18% of the total variation in LP among the 170 accessions indicating it to be a major QTL for dehydration tolerance. Thus, this ASM can be used for marker-aided breeding and allele-mining for dehydration tolerance in foxtail millet.


The work presented in this paper focuses on the effect of jet pulsation on the heat transfer and fluid dynamics characteristics of single and double jet impingement on a constant heat flux heated surface. Specifically, the influence of frequency, amplitude and in particular, of the phase difference of the two jets on the temperature distribution of the heated surface is examined. The simulations are conducted using a novel, remeshed Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) methodology that is based on particle discretization of the governing compressible Navier-Stokes equations. It was found that the strong aerodynamic and thermal interaction that exists between the gaseous jets and the impingement surface leads to non-linear system responses; with serious heat transfer implications. Dynamical systems analysis leads to the identification of intermittent periodic/chaotic behavior above a threshold value of the Reynolds number. As a result, a reduction in the maximum plate temperature in a window of periodic behavior was discovered.


With the development of science and technology, mobile technology plays an increasingly important role in daily life. Ithas a great influence on people's life and learning. Especially in recent years, the development of mobile technology has shown itsadvantages in foreign language teaching. The combination of remote teaching content and mobile technology, which can enrich for-eign language teaching theory under the condition of information technology, forms a foreign language education technology. In thispaper, the practice theory, concept and characteristics of foreign language teaching in mobile technology are described, and the ad-vantages of foreign language teaching are analyzed.


From March 1,2003, the Default Urban Speed Limit (DUSL) in South Australia was reduced from 60 to 50 kilometres per hour, unless otherwise signed. As part of an evaluation of the effectiveness of the reduced DUSL, the South Australian Department of Transport and Urban Planning (DTUP) arranged for speeds to be measured at 52 randomly selected sites across the State prior to the introduction of the 50 kilometres per hour default urban speed limit, and again approximately a year later. For a clear majority of sites, overall and within each road type, there was a reduction in the mean speed after the change in the default urban speed limit. Mean speeds on arterial roads, which retained the 60 kilometres per hour limit, were also observed to fall. (a)


A Zn-Al alloy with with 1.5-4.0 mm in diameter contains Al (15-40 wt.%), RE (0.01-0.05), Zn (rest) and optional Cu (0.05-0.15). It can be used for the surface of thermal spray-coating equipment. Its advantages are high anti-corrosion performance and low cost.


Fragments of iris ring, spleen, kidney, tail, tail blastema, tentacle, tentacle blastema, and spinal cord were implanted between the outer and the inner cornea in normal eyes of Xenopus laevis tadpoles at stage 50 (according to Nieuwkoop and Faber, '56).

Results show that tail blastema, tentacle blastema, and spinal cord can induce varying degrees of lens-forming transformations in the outer cornea, while the iris ring, spleen, kidney, tail, and tentacle do not produce any significant response from the cornea, thus demonstrating that the lens-inducing capacity is not widely distributed in the larval tissues of Xenopus.

The causes of the different degrees of lens-inducing capacity in the various larval tissues are discussed.


In this paper, the thermo-viscoelastic properties of hot and warm asphalt mixtures from South Dakota, USA, were determined from direct measurements of thermally induced stress and strain. The approach to determine the relaxation modulus, viscous flow, viscous-glassy transition, glassy hardening, crack initiation, and fracture stages was described and used to assess the influence of select warm-mix additives on low-temperature properties. The evaluated warm-mix additives as well as the aggregate source were found to have inconsistent effects on the thermo-viscoelastic properties of the mixtures. It was observed that mixtures with similar thermal stress build-up can have significantly different relaxation modulus values depending on the coefficient of thermal contraction of the respective mixture. In summary, the proposed methodology was able to discern the slight differences caused by the warm-mix asphalt treatments on the same binder and two aggregates.


The richness of internet on multimedia has immense influence on mental health particularly the sexual behavior of the youth. Literature shared that risky sexual behavior induced by viewing of sexually explicit materials (SEM) is a factor of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) or AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) statistics.This study validated relevant questions extracted from literature regarding viewing of sexually explicit materials (SEM) among young adult Filipinos. A process of tool validation through quantitative approach using Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI), and Modified Kappa Coefficient (K*) in the researchers made questionnaire with 19-items extracted from literature has been validated by 31 validators as experts in the respective fields of psychology, nursing, clinics, and academe. CVR result with PAE (Proportion Agreeing Essential = 0.677) greater than CVR critical exact value (0.355) shows that only 18-items are essential and 1-item deleted as nonessential. Subsequently, CVI result deemed that all 18-item are very relevant, very clear, very simpleand the meaning is clear. Results of I-CVI and Modified Kappa Coefficient (K*) shows that 18-items are all appropriate (I-CVI= > 0.79) and Excellent (K* = >0.74). Thus, 18-items of the researcher made questionnaire are valid to assess and measure the young adult viewing of sexually explicit materials (SEM). It is highly recommended to further validate questionnaire using standardized methods such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to identify its dimensions as well as pilot testing using Cronbach's Alpha Reliability coefficient.


BACKGROUND
The case of a 32-year-old Malay woman who developed postpartum stroke is reported.

METHODS
The patient received a series of urut Melayu, the traditional Malay massage, sessions at one of the newly established integrated hospitals in the country.

RESULTS
After 14 urut Melayu sessions, she improved tremendously in her speech and fine motor skills and regained her activities of daily living.

CONCLUSIONS
This use of urut Melayu to complement rehabilitation care in patients poststroke is promising.


Concentrating on the guarantee quality control of aviation equipment technical support its connotation was analyzed deep,the model of the guarantee quality control of aviation technical equipment was builds up,and also the influencing factors were elaborated.Based on the influence statistics and failure analysis,the influence factors of causality diagrams were drawn if the guarantee quality control of aviation technical equipment within the analytic hierarchy process.


Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark OfficeLow threshold organic thinfilm laser devicesNuclear Science AbstractsPhysics of Photonic DevicesFundamentals of Semiconductor LasersModeling of Distributed Feedback Semiconductor LasersFundamentals of Semiconductor LasersSemiconductor LasersSemiconductor LasersSurface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers and ArraysSemiconductor Lasers and Herterojunction LEDsUltrafast All-Optical Signal Processing DevicesLong-Wavelength Semiconductor LasersHandbook of Distributed Feedback Laser Diodes, Second EditionLaser Diode Modulation and NoiseSemiconductor Lasers and Heterojunction LEDsDynamics of Distributed Feedback Lasers and Semiconductor Laser ArraysSemiconductor LasersDistributed Feedback Semiconductor LasersLaser and Fiber Optic Gas Absorption SpectroscopyOptoelectronic Technology and Lightwave Communications SystemsDistributed Feedback Laser DiodesSemiconductor LasersDesign and Performance Issues for Complex-coupled Distributed Feedback Semiconductor LasersFour Wave Mixing in Distributed Feedback Semiconductor LasersIntroduction to Semiconductor Lasers for Optical CommunicationsEssential Semiconductor Laser PhysicsPhysics of Semiconductor LasersSingle Frequency Semiconductor LasersAdvances in Imaging and Electron PhysicsDistributed Feedback Laser DiodesEnergy Research AbstractsProgress in OpticsDistributed Feedback Laser Diodes and Optical Tunable FiltersTheory of Semiconductor LasersPhotonic DevicesHigh-speed Modulation of Distributedfeedback Semiconductor LasersLaser Diode MicrosystemsSemiconductor NanolasersSemiconductor Laser Fundamentals


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between financial development and economic growth for five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South (BRICS) during 1993 to 2014 using banking sector and stock market development indicators.

Design/methodology/approach
To begin with, the study first examined some of the principal indicators of financial development and macroeconomic variables of the selected economies. Next, using generalized method of moment system estimation (SYS-GMM), the relationship between financial development and growth is investigated. The banking sector development indicators used in the study include size of the financial intermediaries, credit to deposit ratio (CDR) and domestic credit to private sector (CPS), whereas the stock market development indicators are value of shares traded and turnover ratio. Also, some macroeconomic control variables such as inflation, exports and the enrolment in secondary education were used.

Findings
The examination of the principal indicators of financial development and macroeconomic variables have shown considerable differences between the selected economies. Results from the dynamic one-step SYS-GMM estimates confirm that in presence of turnover ratio, all the selected banking development indicators such as size of financial intermediaries, CDR and CPS are positively significantly determining economic growth. Similarly, in presence of all the selected banking sector development indicators, value of shares traded is found to be positively significantly associated with economic growth. However, the same is not true when turnover ratio is regressed in presence of banking sector variables. Overall, the evidence suggests that banking sector development and stock market development indicators are complementary to each other in stimulating economic growth.

Practical implications
A positive association between financial development and growth indicates that the policymakers should take necessary measures toward simultaneous development of both banking sector as well as stock market for inducing growth.

Originality/value
The present paper attempts to examine the relationship between financial development and growth using both banking sector and stock market development indicators which has not been attempted before for BRICS. Also, most of the existing studies are found in case of developed economies. This paper tries to fill this void by studying five major emerging economies.


With the development of wireless communication systems, and the application of large scale MIMO technology, radio frequency channel calibration technology has received wide attention.RF channel calibration technology for broadband wireless communication systems are analyzed in this paper, including calibration sequence selection, emission calibration algorithm, receiving calibration algorithmand the use of radio channel'sstationary characteristics in a short time.A method with multiple calibration to reduce the system noise and improve the calibration accuracy is presented, and the simulation results are given.


Operational experiences indicate that when a high resistance ground fault occurs on one of two parallel double-circuit lines under the strong-magnetic and weak-current operation condition,the pilot zero sequence directional protection of the non-fault line may mal-function while the pilot negative sequence directional protection will not.If a pilot negative sequence directional protection is used to replace the zero sequence one,the mal-function caused by high resistance ground faults can be avoided.A new pilot negative sequence directional protection scheme is also presented,which combines a negative sequence reactance relay,negative sequence current and voltage blocking,and a short time delay.The scheme can avoid mal-function of the protection on the non-fault line and isolate the faulty line reliably.


The article discusses the semantics of modal predicates in several Indo-European languages: Russian, English, German, French, Italian, Spanish. Modal (modal evaluative) predicates as the corresponding particles characterize predicative and communicative aspects of statement; they serve as the main (propositional) predicate aspect or as introductory words (= secondary predicate) of statement''s communicative aspect, expressing in both cases attitude of a speaker to the content of the statement. Four groups of modal predicates of specified languages are analyzed in the article: 1) predicates that express an opinion about possibility of the supposed 2) predicates that express confidence in possibility of the supposed 3) predicates that express opinion about necessity of realization of the supposed 4) predicates that express opinion about admissibility of realization of the supposed. The author examines the possible use of these words in the function of different parts of speech (adjective, adverb, etc.), as well as their syntax peculiarity. For example, the predicates of the first group as adjectives function as predicate of personal and impersonal sentences: This is possible (but it is not: This is perhaps), It is possible that I shall come (= I shall come possibly); Russian: Это возможно 'This is possible' (но нельзя: Это наверное), Возможно, что я приеду (= Я, возможно, приеду) 'It is possible that I shall come (= I shall come possibly)'; German: Das ist wahrscheinlich ''This is possible', Es ist wahrscheinlich das er wird kommm (= Wahrscheinlich er wird kommen) 'It is possible that he will come (= He will come possibly)'; French. C'est possible 'This is possible', Il est possible que elle viandra (= Elle viandra possiblement) 'It is possible that she will come (= She will come possibly)'; итал. Questo e possible 'This is possible', E possible que il ha ragione (= Il ha possiblemente ragione) 'It is possible that he is right (= He is right possibly)'; Spanish: Esto es probable 'This is possible', Es muy possible que el esta fatigado (= El esta fatigado probablemente) 'It is possible that he is tired (= He is tired possibly)'. In the final part of the article a conclusion is made that examined modal predicates are most similar in Italian and Spanish. French and English are close to them. The most specific modal predicates are in Russian and German.


COVID-19 transformed the medical school learning environment. How social studying and learning (SSL) may have changed was considered worthy of exploration. This study describes the effect of the learning environment transformation on how SSL is conducted by medical students and the reasoning behind any changes. A post-positivist stance was adopted with a mixed method convergent-parallel approach. An online survey explored the participation rate and nature of SSL and how these related to literature-identified underpinning factors that influence participation in SSL. A follow-up interview explored the survey responses. A total of 87 survey responses were collected. Following exclusion of incomplete responses, 57 responses were analysed, and nine follow-up interviews were conducted. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were conducted to analyse the quantitative data and thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the qualitative data. No significant difference was observed in SSL participation rate during COVID-19. Students transitioned from in-person to Zoom meetings for sensibility, ease and convenience. Students continued participating in SSL for motivation and began participating for accountability, focus and replacement of lost social interaction. The same content was studied using a wider range of activities. Significant decreases were observed in students' perception of the effect of a range of factors. The observed changes to SSL during online learning suggest that SSL is integral for many medical students and will be adapted as required. Given that medical school will always involve some periods of online learning, understanding of the nature of and driving factors behind how medical students engage in SSL during online learning may enable medical educators to support all aspects of student learning.


The mathematical theory of ergodicity is used to clarify the derivation of the polymorphous coherent potential approximation presented in a recent publication.


This book seeks to understand how international and domestic students in the regional city of Bendigo use public space, how the physical elements of space are perceived and what impacts these have their behavior when using the city centre at night. More generally, it looks at the question of fear of crime against person and property as a basis for thinking about the design of public spaces. A mixed-method approach used for the study comprised questionnaires completed by 156 students, self-recorded walks and auto-photo-elicitations completed by 20 domestic and international students at night in selected sites in the Bendigo CBD. The study findings show that fear of crime is a concern of students when they are in the Bendigo CBD, particularly international Asian students and domestic female students. This research helps planners to understand factors relating to reports of fear of safety and that international and domestic students have different perceptions of safety. It also highlights how planning policies can enhance feelings of personal safety through careful attention to people's experiences of actual urban settings.


Recently, a novel mechanism of immune evasion by tumor cells has been described, namely "the tumor counter-attack model." In this model tumor cells kill activated lymphocytes through functional expression of Fas ligand (FasL).1–3 FasL and TRAIL are two highly homologous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family members with the ability to induce apoptosis in susceptible cells through interaction with their membrane receptors Fas and DR4, DR5, respectively.4,5 To study the role of apoptosis in pancreatic malignancy, we determined the expression pattern of several apoptosis receptors and ligands, FasL/Fas, sFas (an alternatively spliced soluble form of Fas that was shown to protect cells from apoptosis),6 Trail/DR4 and DR3 in five human adenocarcinoma lines, BxPC3, Panc1, AsPC, PaCa 44, and PancTu using three different methods—reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR), flow cytometry and Western blotting.


Changes in the global regulatory environment for the pharmaceutical and medical device industries are having a significant impact on how new products are developed and marketed. Throughout the 1990s, major efforts in global harmonization of regulatory requirements were made by several organizations. In the pharmaceutical industry, the many new guidelines for quality, safety, and efficacy are being implemented in Europe, Japan, and the United States, while work continues to develop the Common Technical Document for the format and content of new market applications. In the medical device industry, the implementation of the European CE Mark and the work of the Global Harmonization Task Force is revolutionizing the regulatory environment. These global efforts along with the national movements to reorganize local regulatory environments in Europe and the United States are discussed.


Objective: To investigate effects of Shenfu injection on apoptosis of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells during ischemia-reperfusion in rats and to discuss the mechanism. Methods: Ischemiareperfusion model of guts was established in rats. Twenty-four rats were divided randomly into control group(C group) ,ischemia-reperfusion group(I/R group) and Shenfu injection group (SF group), HE and TUNEL staining was used to observe the guts of rats and immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2. Results:①The number of apoptosis cells of guts were significantly less in SF group than in I/R group, while more than those in control group (P<0.05).②The expression of caspase-3 in I/R group increased notably than in C group and SF group(P<0.01) , and no distinct difference between C group and SF group was found . The expression of Bcl-2 in SF group increased markedly than that in I/R group (P<0.05), and the expression in I/R group was less than in C group (P<0.01) .③The pathological changes of intestinal mucosal in SF group alleviated compared with that in I/R group. Conclusion: Shenfu injection can reduce the apoptosis of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells during ischemia-reperfusion by restraining the expression of caspase-3 gene and accelerating the expression of Bcl-2 gene, thus to alleviate the injury of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells during ischemia reperfusion.


Objective To explore the type of explants and hormone ratio suitable for the rapid propagation and regeneration of Dahlia pinnata in vitro.Method Dahlia pinnata D6 were selected as the test materials.The differentiation of different types of explant callus and buds were compared,and effects of different hormone ratios on the induction and the differentiation of callus of axillary buds and leaf blade buds were studied.Results The terminal bud and stem segments with axillary buds were easy to form cluster buds in the medium of MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L;the sprouting rate of germinating axillary buds could reach 81.3% in the medium of MS+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,and the average number of buds was 3.8;the differentiation rate of adventitious buds of leaf blade could reach 37.5% in the medium of MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,and the average number of buds was 4.2.Conclusion The most suitable explants for the rapid in vitro propagation are the terminal bud and stem segments with axillary buds,the best hormone ratio for the growth and differentiation of axillary buds is 6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,and the suitable hormone ratio for the induction of adventitious buds of leaf blade differentiation is 6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L.


Both nitrogen (N) deposition and livestock grazing are important factors influencing species composition, soil nutrient availability, plant productivity and allocation pattern in grassland ecosystems. However, little is known about their interactive effects on alpine ecosystem carbon cycling process such as ecosystem respiration. In 2010 we started a long鄄term factorial experiment in an alpine meadow in Damxung County in northern Tibet, China, to examine the interactive effects of N addition and grazing on plant biomass allocation, soil microbial carbon and N and ecosystem CO2 fluxes. The experiment had two N treatments crossed with two grazing treatments, resulting in a total of four treatments coded as CK (control, no N addition and no simulated grazing), N (with N addition but no grazing), G (no N addition but with grazing) and NG (with both N addition and grazing) . For N addition, we added 40 kg N hm a, and to simulate livestock grazing, we selectively clipped palatable grasses and sedges. We analyzed the available data collected during the growing seasons in


The study was carried out to know the effects of selenium, iron and zinc supplementation on gross pathology and tissue arsenic concentration in Long Evans rats during the period from August to October 2003. A total of 25, one-month-old male rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups as A, B, C, D and E. Rats of group A were kept as control without giving any treatment. Rats of groups B, C and D were given normal rat pellet (25 g / rat / day) and in addition to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) @ 400 mg / litre, they were treated with sodium selenite (NaSe) @ 1 mg / litre, ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) @ 150 mg / litre and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) @ 50 mg / litre respectively while rats of group E were treated with only arsenic trioxide (AS2O3) 400 @ mg / litre drinking water daily for 42 days. All the rats of groups B, C and D showed slight congestion in the liver, spleen, heart and kidney and haemorrhage in stomach and intestine but the rats of group E showed heavy congestion in the liver, spleen, heart and kidney and rose-red inflammation in the stomach and severe haemorrhagic enteritis. Among the treated groups, the rats of groups B (0.0126-0.27 ppm), C (0.03-0.32 ppm) and D (0.04-0.288 ppm) which were supplemented with sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate respectively along with arsenic trioxide showed reduced arsenic concentrations in different tissues while the rats of group E treated only with arsenic trioxide showed higher concentrations of arsenic in tissues (0.05-0.4 ppm). The concentration of arsenic in the liver, kidney, spleen, heart, stomach, intestine, muscle and dermis of the treated rats were 0.27-0.40 ppm, 0.06-0.22 ppm, 0.052-0.20 ppm, 0.0126-0.102 ppm, 0.054-0.16 ppm, 0.064-0.176 ppm, 0.028-0.07 ppm and 0.03-0.05 ppm respectively. It may be concluded that supplementation of selenium, iron and zinc reduces the arsenic concentration in tissues like liver, kidney, spleen, heart, intestine, stomach, muscle and dermis of rats as well as lower the tissue damage caused by arsenic. The present results also indicate that arsenic is deposited mainly in liver followed by kidney, spleen, dermis, heart and muscle.


A BFGS type method is presented to solve symmetric nonlinear equations, which is shown to be globally convergent under suitable conditions. Compared with some existing Gauss-Newton-based BFGS methods whose iterative matrix approximates the Gauss-Newton matrix, an important feature of the proposed method lies in that the iterative matrix is an approximation of the Jacobian, which greatly reduces condition number of the iterative matrix. Numerical results are reported to support the theory.


Four populations of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) from 4 geographical areas in the western United States—Bakersfield, Calif, Mesa, Ariz.: Corvallis, Oreg.; and Reno, Nev.,—were segregated on the basis of biological response to 4 different temperatures. Effect of temperature on all biological activities of each aphid biotype and differences in the mean development of the 1st-nymphal stadium and combined nymphal stadia were highly significant among biotypes. Fecundity among all biotypes was different at the 0.01 level of probability. A highly significant biotype by temperature interaction was found for development of the 1st instar stage and the preparturition period. Populations from Bakersfield and Mesa had similar but a significantly reduced development of the 1st instar stage than populations from Reno and Corvallis. However, populations from Reno and Mesa bad a similar but a significantly higher fecundity than populations from Bakersfield and Corvallis.


Lean Premixed Combustion (LPM) is a widely used approach to effectively reduce pollutant emissions in advanced gas turbines. Most LPM combustion systems employ the swirling flow with a bluff body at the center to stabilize the flame. The flow recirculation region established downstream of the bluff-body brings combustion products in contact with fresh reactants to sustain the reactions. However, such systems are prone to combustion oscillations and flame flashback, especially if high hydrogen containing fuels are used. Low-Swirl Injector (LSI) is an innovative approach, whereby a freely propagating LPM flame is stabilized in a diverging flow field surrounded by a weakly-swirling flow. The LSI is devoid of the flow recirculation region in the reaction zone. In the present study, emissions measurements are reported for a LSI operated on mixtures of methane (CH4 ), hydrogen (H2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) to simulate H2 synthetic gas produced by coal gasification. For a fixed adiabatic flame temperature and air flow rate, CH4 content of the fuel in atmospheric pressure experiments is varied from 100% to 50% (by volume) with the remainder of the fuel containing equal amounts of CO and H2 . For each test case, the CO and nitric oxide (NOx) emissions are measured axially at the combustor center and radially at several axial locations. Results show that the LSI provides stable flame for a range of operating conditions and fuel mixtures. The emissions are relatively insensitive to the fuel composition within the operational range of the present experiments.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric engineering, in particular, to electric machines. Technical result is achieved due to the fact that the design of the proposed machine involves an auxiliary motor with special excitation which undertakes part of load at the machine operation. First of all, the above is concerned with the fact that no back EMF (of currents) will be induced in the windings of its stator and rotor. Direct and return active wires of the windings of the respective anchors in the main generator and in the special exciter are laid in the grooves of respective magnetic conductors so that the pairs of positive and negative half-waves of the anchor currents in the main generator and in the special exciter which are induced in the operating mode are shifted by phase by 45°. The direct and return active wires of the main generator anchor winding are laid in the opposite grooves of the generator magnetic conductor in series and are a solid winding. The active wires of the movable armature in the special exciter are laid in the same way. Windings of all four salient electromagnetic poles of the auxiliary motor stator are coupled to each other in series and every adjacent ones are wound in opposite directions. The rotor windings are wound and connected in the same way. EFFECT: significant improvement of start-up, adjustment characteristics as well as increased efficiency. 4 dwg


Developing suitable catalysts which can accelerate the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process is of high importance to fulfil the mission of hydrogen generation by water splitting. Herein, we demonstrate a facile method based on cation exchange reaction (CER) for preparation of NiCoFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheet arrays which directly grafted on flexible carbon fiber clothes (NiCoFe-LDH/CFC) for OER application. It is found that the optimal NiCoFe-LDH/CFC with 1 h CER exhibited superior OER activity than pristine NiCo-LDH material and commercial Ir/C electrode including a low onset overpotential (η) of only 240 mV and a low overpotential of 280 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The Tafel slope decreased from 63 mV dec for pristine NiCo-LDH material to 34 mV dec for NiCoFe-LDH/CFC with 1 h CER. At an overpotential of 0.3 V, an over 16.5 times of improvement of the turnover frequency (TOF) of NiCoFe-LDH/CFC with 1 h CER (0.0347 s) was achieved compared to NiCo-LDH (0.0021 s). The NiCoFeLDH/CFC with 1 h CER demonstrated a retention rate of 98% after 10 h stability testing. All the results demonstrate the excellent electrocatalytic activity of NiCoFe-LDH/CFC for OER


The purpose of this study is to examine the internal and external factors affecting the profitability of banks inside country. The observations in the research include 100 year-firm. These observations are due to the combination of data from 20 banks listed in the exchange, as a sample of over 9 years (2004 to 2012), as the test period. It should be noted that, since the sample banks gradually entered the exchange since 2004, and duringsome years, all banks have not been active in the stock market, data has been combined through unbalanced panel. Based on our findings, there is an inverse relation between the amount of banks" cash and their profitability. These findings potentially reflect the free cash flow theory and the consequences of the accumulation of cash reserves in the profit sectors and show that unused cash reserves reduce the profitability of banks in the sample. Also, according to theresults, there is a direct relationship between GDPand the profitability of the banks.Thus,changesin macroeconomic indices affect the performance of banks in terms of profitability.


The author argues strongly for a model of university organization that is based upon problem areas rather than upon the traditional departmental structure that is itself based upon strict disciplinary delimitation. The required shift is made difficult by the bookkeeper mentality of university administrators who find the spontaneous development of problem-based and problem-driven work groups difficult to track and to fit into traditional administrative structures. The shift, however, must be made in order for the university to retain its position on the cutting edge of creativity. University administration must adapt itself to the new realities of knowledge production.


The phenotypic variability and adaptability for bio-agronomic traits in berseem populations (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), was evaluated. The number of genotypes was 32 (26 of southern Italy origin and 6 Egyptian). They were evaluated under field conditions for two years (1989–90) in Foggia (Italy) adopting different cutting regimes: at 7–8th inter-nodes stem length, beginning of flowering, and no cutting. The genotypes of the Italian origin appeared to be better adapted when the cut was applied in the early stage of development, and more productive in seed yield. The Egyptian populations were most productive in forage in the later cuts and had a higher seed weight. The range of variation among the bio-agronomical traits was higher when the cut was applied at early flowering. The traits with wider range of variation were: dry matter, plant height at cut, regrowth at the fourteenth day after cut, tiller density and seed yield. Considering a multiplicative selection index, 6 populations were well adapted and could be used as parents in breeding programs and in extended farm cultivation.


According to the problem that construction enterprise how to maximize economic returns analysis and discussion are carried out. Based upon study on project management practical management method is proposed to realize maximum economic return for enterprises.


Aim of the Study: The goal is to identify the role of the bulbar departments of the cholinergic system in regulating contractions of the uterine floor and its tubes. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted on 10 chinchilla rabbits, females weighing 3.5 4 kg. In sparing conditions of group 1 animals (n = 5), the peripheral segment of the right vagus nerve was stimulated at the C5-C6 level, and an electromyogram (EMG) of the smooth muscles of the uterine floor and the proximal part of the right fallopian tube was recorded. The nature of cholinergic innervation of the organ was determined by introducing toluidine blue into the peripheral part of the trunk of both vagus nerves, followed by morphological examination of biopsies. Results: We found that intramural ganglia were stained, i.e., their synaptic contacts with preganglionic cholinergic fibers were present. The existence of cholinergic innervation from the bulbar part of the parasympathetic nervous system was shown for the first time on the example of the uterine floor of rabbits. Conclusion: The cholinergic effect of increasing the contractile activity of the uterus and its tubes was confirmed.


The relative arrangement of the orthodontic appliance and the tooth provides a first relative arrangement between the instrument and the tooth, the first set of hypothetical reference line group between the base and the teeth of the appliance in a virtual three-dimensional space, or It is selected by defining rays group. Then, to determine the distance along each ray. Next, to change the relative orientation of the instrument and the tooth in a second arrangement. A second set of rays groups defined between the teeth and the appliances, to determine the distance along each ray. Then, the distance towards either the first arrangement or the second arrangement, between the base and the tooth surface of the instrument, to help to determine whether to provide better fit, determined to perform mathematical calculations about.


Thank you for reading encyclopedie hachette de la cuisine regionale. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite books like this encyclopedie hachette de la cuisine regionale, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their laptop. encyclopedie hachette de la cuisine regionale is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the encyclopedie hachette de la cuisine regionale is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Objective To provide anatomical basis for lateral ventricular neuroendoscopic surgery through the interhemispheric transcorpus callosal approach.Methods The anatomic investigation of the lateral and third ventricle was performed in 10 adult cadaveric head specimens,through interhemispheric transcorpus callosal approach.Results The thickness of corpus callosum was(6.1±1.2) mm,the sagittal and transverse diameters of interventricular foreman(5.6±1.4) mm and(3.0±1.6) mm,and the sagittal and transverse diameters of interthalamic adhesion(6.3±1.8) mm and(3.4±1.2) mm.There were very less drainage veins to the sagittal sinus anterior to the coronal suture.The body and front horn of the lateral ventricle,the "Y" shape structure of interventricular foreman could be observed under different angular neuroendoscope.Cut size of 2 cm on corpus callosum than that of 1.5 cm was better to reveal the structures and exert operation under a rigid endoscopic surgery.Conclusions Interhemispheric transcorpus callosal approach is a safe and valuable way to treat affection in double lateral ventricle,area of interventricular foreman and the third ventricle.


ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the site-specific impact of coastal structures on the stability of the shoreline. For this study, the shoreline data were collected with higher-order accuracy along a few vulnerable stretches of the coast in the vicinity of hard structures such as Seawalls, Groyne, Breakwater, and Training walls along the southeast and southwest coasts of India. All the field collected shoreline data were analysed with statistical measures using DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) tool of ArcGIS software. The presence of shore connected coastal structures dictates the sedimentation process in its purlieu. The observed average rate of erosion and accretion in the adjoining coastlines are −5.7 m/yr and +4.92 m/yr, respectively. The field measurements from the present study would provide an effective base for the planning and implementation of coastal structures near the studied area, as well as to adopt a better methodology for coastal impact assessment. Most of the well-planned and executed hard engineering structures have yielded desirable results and benefit for the local coastal communities.


Fat contents of ground pork were altered by reducing the amounts of fat trim incorporated and by the inclusion of different apple products (fresh, rehydrated, and sauce). Panelists could discriminate between ground pork containing 15% or 30% fat (without apples) and between ground pork with 0% or 15% apple (25% fat) but not between formulations with 15% or 25% fat and 10% apple (p<0. 05). Incorporation of apple products (15% of total formulation weight) into reduced-fat pork sausage containing 15% fat yielded formulations with comparable flavor and preference scores to sausage with 30% fat, depending on the apple product. Total fat of cooked pork sausage can be reduced by approximately 35% by incorporation of apple products (15%) into reduced fat pork sausage. Inclusion of fresh or rehydrated apples did not significantly influence psychrotrophic bacteria populations or the color of pork sausage stored at 1-2C up to eight days.


Aim. To show and describe the current situation in Latvian language as a case study of the problem about the place of a national language and its existence in sciences in modern globalised times, when the dominance of English as the lingua franca of science grows.
Methods.  A descriptive method, including literature review of language of science used globally. Empirical discourse content analysis was conducted; it examined various documents, including Latvian legal texts that governs the rights and rules of Latvian language use, as well as a wide array of mainly online media.
Results. During the study, 21 different sources and 304 online comments under articles relating to the issue were analysed. The material revealed that there is a breadth of opinions, ranging from the Ministry stance to organisations and the general public. It could be said that the main trend in the opinions can be described as follows: there is a variety of language options – a dissertation written only in Latvian; a dissertation written in English; a choice of language that is up to the doctoral student. This would ensure that the language choice fits the doctoral students' goals and field of research and making English mandatory would not likely lead to guaranteed scientific excellence as what matters is the research itself, not the language.
Conclusions. National language of science is a current issue in Latvia, as there is a need for state language use in the scientific register. The discussed Ministry document is still a draft report and it is not yet known what final decisions on the PhD process and dissertation language will be taken. Latvian is a scientific language and it should be recognised as one of the languages used in science  within the international scientific discourse.


The optimization of surface roughness values considered as one of the most significant issues regarding turning process of titanium alloys with the use of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method. With such an aim in mind, the application of TOPSIS-AHP method is implemented in order to establish the most favourable cutting parameters for the following values of surface roughness: Ra, Rq and Rz in machining of titanium alloys regarding MQL conditions. The proposed methodology consists of the two stages. At the beginning, tests on turning process were performed on CNC lathe, taking feed rate, approach angle, and cutting speed as input parameters. Then, the TOPSIS-AHP method was applied on the given experimental data and the optimum machining parameters were determined. The findings from current investigations showed that, lower values of cutting speed, feed rate and middle value of approach angle shows the optimal results.


The counties of the US Capital Region represent unique case studies of urban areas that face tremendous development pressures resulting from their proximity to Washington, DC. They cross two states: Maryland with a statewide smart growth programme and Virginia without such a programme. This unique location raises two questions: do statewide smart growth programmes lead counties to adopt smart growth policies?; and what are the local factors contributing to county decisions to apply these policies? Case study analysis was applied to examine these questions in the Capital Region based on three sources of evidence: state and county regulations and plans; interviews with county planners; and secondary data. The analysis indicates that state mandates shape county land use planning. While statewide incentive programmes/policies help Maryland's counties to preserve their farmlands, they seem insufficient to change sprawling development patterns. County applications of smart growth policies are mainly driven by local needs and priorities.


This chapter looks at one of the few English secondary schools to adopt an innovatory (five-term) calendar. It links the management approach exemplified in this decision to other innovations in the school


In the early 19th century, medical journalism was created by a London surgeon, Thomas Wakley, who founded The Lancet. His goal was to inform as well as reform, and he fought medical quackery and injustice. He was also an MP for nearly two decades. This is the story of his life.


Purpose – This paper proposes a simplified two‐dimensional representation of the unit cell of the fabric that involves three bodies in contact.Design/methodology/approach – The fabrics are not simple homogenous structures. They have a discrete structural character and this is essential for their complex mechanical behaviour. Low stress micro‐mechanics is mainly used for the prediction of the fabric hand. Modelling of the fabric microstructure is a powerful tool for the in‐depth study of their performance. Based on the geometrical models of the fabrics, finite element analysis (FEA) is a very useful method for the mechanical analysis of their complex shape structures. Especially FEA can be applied on a system of bodies in contact by taking into account the interactions between the individual bodies. The parametric FEA analysis of the unit cell of the fabric provides interesting results about its mechanical behaviour.Findings – The present work states that the use of the finite element method is a friendly ...


Review(s) of: Making Religion, Making the State: The Politics of Religion in Modern China, by Yoshiko Ashiwa and David L. Wank (eds), Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2009, 294 pp.


Objective : Fetal malnutrition may predispose to type 2 diabetes (T2D) through gene programming and developmental changes. Previous studies showed that these effects may be modulated by genetic variation. Genome Wide Association studies discovered and replicated a number of T2D associated genes. We investigated the effects of such well-studied polymorphisms and their interactions with fetal malnutrition on T2D risk and related phenotypes in the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort. Research Design and Methods : The CDKAL1-rs7754840, CDKN2AB-rs10811661, HHEX-rs1111875, IGF2BP2-rs4402960, KCNJ11-rs5219, SLC30A8-rs13266634 and TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphisms were genotyped in 772 participants of the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study (n=328 exposed, n=444 unexposed). Logistic and linear regression models served to analyze their interactions with prenatal exposure to famine on T2D, Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) and Area Under the Curves (AUCs) of glucose and insulin during Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing (OGTT). Results : In the total population, the TCF7L2 and IGF2BP2 variants most strongly associated with increased risk for T2D/IGT and increased AUC glucose, while the CDKAL1 polymorphism associated with decreased AUC insulin. The IGF2BP2 polymorphism showed an interaction with prenatal exposure to famine on AUC glucose. (β= -9.2, 95% CI –16.2;-2.1; p=0.009) Conclusions : The IGF2BP2 variant showed a nominal interaction with exposure to famine in utero, decreasing OGTT AUCs for glucose. This may provide a clue that modulation of the consequences of fetal environment depends on an individual's genetic background.


This paper presents a transient energy based screening approach for quickly identifying potential critical attacks that might have significant impacts on power system transient stability. Specifically, the proposed approach focuses on the total transient energy injected into power systems as the result of assumptive cyber attacks. The computational improvements of the proposed method are significant as the time-domain simulations can be avoided. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated using a practical power system with various cyber attack scenarios. The identification results of the proposed method can be used to guide more detailed impact analysis and to develop more effective countermeasures against cyber attacks.


A fundamental property of many organisms is the ability to feel, to assess direction of the signal action and respond to the environmental conditions. It is known that chromatin plays a major role in organizing the regulation of gene activity. However, our understanding of how state of the suprastructure organization of chromatin and its proteins reacts not only to changes in the environment, but also on the development of specific signals remains largely unclear. In the course of this work, we have analyzed the result of the various ways of chromatin modifications: the regulatory Arg-X protease-processing and inhibition of protein deacetylation with sodium butyrate. Sodium butyrate causes cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and promotes of duration of the transcriptional activity of chromatin. Experiments on molecular-genetic state of the chromatin matrix were carried out at the induction of growth morphogenesis in the physiological period of active water absorption of mature seeds and wheat germs, which were purposefully transformed and formed in different environmental conditions. During focused, long-term transforming of spring wheat Artemovka into winter wheat Mironovskaya 808 and the last of them again into Mironovskaya Spring wheat while stopping of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, mainly occurs the active Arg-X protease-processing at the level of non-histone proteins, and linker histones of suprastructures chromatin. We assume that the regulatory proteolytic processing and prolongation of acetylation of proteins can be interconnected in the regulation of conformational transitions of chromatin at the different levels of its organization: both suprastructures and at the more profound proteomic level of non-histone and histone blocks, and have its peculiarities during the period of transcriptional activation. We hope that the study peculiarities of locations of regulatory proteolysis in the conditions of inhibition of deacetylation in spring and winter forms of wheat can give a new possibility for understanding the epigenetic code of plants in order to increase crop yields and quality.


Through the test,the determination method of total ammonium content in idustrial salt is defined by use of Nessler reagent spectrophotometry.


This paper proposes a new DC Arc-fault Detection method in battery modules using Decomposed Open-Close Alternating Sequence (DOCAS) based morphological filters. The proposed method relies on the State of health, state of charge and temperature measurements from battery management systems (BMS). The detailed electrochemical model of the battery is used, and the proposed DC arc-fault detector identifies the existence of an arcing fault by generating spikes at its output. The algorithm is enhanced by an adaptive threshold classifier for noise suppression. The proposed method is tested for different types of series and parallel DC arc-faults in Battery Energy storage systems. The simulation results demonstrate that effectiveness of the proposed method.


A description of the design, experimental procedures and results of the Getty Seismic Adobe Project, which set out to identify and evaluate methods for the seismic protection of historical and culturally significant Adobe structures. The book identifies typical failure modes of adobe structures and outlines retrofitting techniques applicable to minimize these failures. Photographic documentation illustrates the effects of retrofitting on the models tested.


Thank you very much for downloading working across cultures. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen books like this working across cultures, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their computer. working across cultures is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the working across cultures is universally compatible with any devices to read.


It seems that the Physical Education teachers for elementary schools in Bayat Klaten, Central Java find it hard in dealing with sports injuries during physical education lessons. This study intends in finding the level of knowledge on the Injury Prevention and Care aimed for the physical education teachers in elementary schools in Bayat, Klaten.
This research was a descriptive quantitative research. The method used was a survey method with the data collection was based on question sheets. The population in this study was the physical education teachers at the elementary schools in Bayat with the total of 36 teachers. The samples were the entire population (saturated sampling), for about 36 physical education teachers for elementary schools in Bayat. The data analysis techniques were outlined in the form of percentage.
The results show that the level of knowledge on Injury Prevention and Care of the physical education teachers in elementary schools in Bayat, Klaten is in several categories. There are 2 teachers who are in the category of "Very Good" or at 5.6%, 9 teachers are in the category of "Good" or at 25.0%, 17 teachers are in the category of "Moderate" or at 47.2%, 5 teachers are in the category of "Poor" or at 13.9%, and 3 teachers are in the category of "Very Poor" or at 8.3%.
Keywords: knowledge, sport injuries prevention and care.


In order to achieve guineaworm eradication in 1990s, the Guineaworm Eradication Programme (GWEP) should operate with utmost efficiency; and needs to be concurrently evaluated for timely corrective measures. Some simple parameters, their relevance, levels and frequency at which these may be helpful to objectively evaluate the GWEP efficiency are discussed in this communication.


Harmony is not only the profound essence of human culture,but also the common ideal of human society. Chinese troditional legal culture especially prefers to "harmony",in the relationships between human and nature,or in the social relationships and political relationships,harmony is the last goal. But the enforcement of this ideal depends on external obligation,not the initiative of social subjects.


Artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision technologies have gained significant prominence in the field of education. These technologies enable the detection and analysis of students' classroom behaviors, providing valuable insights for assessing individual concentration levels. However, the accuracy of target detection methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be compromised in classrooms with multiple targets and varying scales, as convolutional operations may result in the loss of location information. In contrast, transformers, which leverage attention mechanisms, have the capability to learn global features and mitigate the information loss caused by convolutional operations. In this paper, we propose a students' classroom behavior detection system that combines deformable DETR with a Swin Transformer and light-weight Feature Pyramid Network (FPN). By employing a feature pyramid structure, the system can effectively process multi-scale feature maps extracted by the Swin Transformer, thereby improving the detection accuracy for targets of different sizes and scales. Moreover, the integration of the CARAFE lightweight operator into the FPN structure enhances the network's detection accuracy. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, extensive experiments are conducted on a real dataset of students' classroom behavior. The experimental results demonstrate a significant 6.1% improvement in detection accuracy compared to state-of-the-art methods. These findings highlight the superiority of our proposed network in accurately detecting and analyzing students' classroom behaviors. Overall, this research contributes to the field of education by addressing the limitations of CNN-based target detection methods and leveraging the capabilities of transformers to improve accuracy. The proposed system showcases the benefits of integrating deformable DETR, Swin Transformer, and the lightweight FPN in the context of students' classroom behavior detection. The experimental results provide compelling evidence of the system's effectiveness and its potential to enhance classroom monitoring and assessment practices.


Reactive hyperplastic outgrowths are seen in the oral cavity due to chronic irritation by plaque, calculus, overhanging margins, trauma and dental appliances.  Irritation fibroma represents a reactive focal fibrous hyperplasia due to trauma or local irritation. We report a case of irritation fibroma of right lateral border of tongue in a 46-year-old female.


A parallel hybrid prolusion electric vehicle model is presented with motor drives realised by cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter modules. Modulation scheme for an 11-level inverter is optimised by minimising total harmonic distortions, switching losses, number of carriers, whilst balancing the state of charge between battery modules. The multilevel inverter model is subsequently integrated into electric motor drives simulations, with variable frequency adjustable speed and regenerative braking scenarios demonstrated using MATLAB Simulink. Manipulating the electric drives with regenerative braking, fuel economy is optimised by keeping the petrol engine operating at a sweet spot, i.e. 70% to 80% of its maximum torque.


Soil biological properties are sensitive indicators of soil quality changes due to perturbations occurred under agricultural management. The effects of contrasting tillage, increasing nitrogen fertilization doses, and crop rotations [e.g., bean, maize, bean (BMB) and bean, amaranth, bean (BAB)] on soil physicochemical and biological properties in an Andean soil from Ecuadorian highlands were evaluated in this study. Acid phosphatase, β-Glucosidase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), soil basal respiration (BR), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spore density, total glomalin content (TGRSP), and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed. Conventional tillage (CT) and crop rotation showed significant effects on soil physicochemical and biological properties. Towards the final crop rotations, no-tillage (NT) promoted BR, TGRSP, and higher AMF spore density in both crop rotations; the Cmic kept stable along time in BMB and BAB, while BR doubled its value when compared to CT. Results indicated that the AMF spore density increased by 308% at the end of the BMB, and 461% at the end of the BAB, while TGRSP increased by 18% and 32% at the end of BMB and BAB, respectively. Biological traits demonstrated to be strongly associated to the organic matter accumulation originated from crop residues under the NT post-harvest which improved soil moisture, biological activity, and AMF interaction. The conservative soil management system has definitively improved general soil properties when compared to soil conditions under the intensive soil management system in this research.


The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints—the LDS, or Mormon church—has dominated the state of Utah both culturally and politically since joining the Union in 1896. Scholars note that LDS majorities in Utah and other parts of the Intermountain West foster a religious subculture that has promoted higher levels of Mormon church attendance and member retention than in other parts of the nation. However, after rising throughout most of the twentieth century, the percentage of Utah9s population belonging to the church began declining in 1989. Some sources assert Utah is now less Mormon than at any time in the state9s history. This article examines the degree to which this decline has affected LDS church activity and retention in Utah and adjacent environs. We find evidence suggesting church attendance rates may be falling, and clear evidence that rates of apostasy among Mormons have risen over the past decade.


Mailing address: Igor R. de Castro Bienert • Rua Dr. Nicolau de Souza Queiroz, 406/158 Vila Mariana 04105-001 Sao Paulo, SP Brazil E-mail: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Manuscript received June 11, 2009; revised manuscript received June 30, 2009; accepted March 23, 2010. (Bentall-De Bono operation) associated with direct CABG (left coronary artery reimplantation and right coronary artery bypass grafting)3,4. A transthoracic echocardiography was performed which revealed a dilatation of the aortic root in comparison to previous echocardiographic controls. An aortic angiography was then performed, which showed contrast extravasation into the aneurysm cavity via the orifice of a prior bypass graft implantation. The extravasation was staunched by an aneurysm sac, which measured 84.49 mm x 100.78 mm in its largest diameter and caused significant compression of the right pulmonary artery when the patient assumed the supine position, with a residual light of 2.28 mm at the point of smallest caliber (Figures 1 and 2). The patient underwent surgical correction with aortorrhaphy of the ascending aorta5, during which he presented a coagulation disorder and had to receive blood products. The coagulation disorder was controlled, and the patient was discharged from the hospital without further complications.


Infrared spectra of four kinds of compounds of the mineral based nano-lubricant(NiFe2O4/3GS),the blank samples,the original lubricant 3GS and polyol-ester oil 160SZ have been studied.Somebands of their spectra chalked up by using Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectrometer were assigned.Some absorption peaks were found in the FT-IR spectra of nano-lubricant(NiFe2O4/3GS)similar with that of aliphatic acid,aliphatic ether and aliphatic carbinol existing in polyol-ester oil1 60SZ.It is possible that factors to make nano-lubricant(NiFe2O4/3GS) more soluble better in R134a are those functional groups.


Background and Aims:  We investigated feasibility and value of a real‐time electronic monitoring system adapted for early detection of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations (P Exs).


The influence of boron segregation and non-stoichiometry on grain boundary structure in Ni3M was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Small angle twist and tilt boundaries were produced by hot pressing misoriented single crystals of both doped and undoped material. Dislocation structures were observed in both bicrystal and polycrystal grain boundaries. In most cases the grain boundary dislocations were found to have the expected a<100> Burgers vector, however in one case dislocations with Burgers vector a/2<110> have been observed. Using a SEM diffraction technique the frequency of occurrence of grain boundary types was examined and found to be unchanged by the addition of boron.


The effective medium theory is an excellent theory for the effective conductivity of random media, but when the theory is applied to percolation problems the result shows a somewhat unrealistic behaviour, because the effective conductivity by the theory increases exactly linearly from the percolation threshold against the volume fraction of the conductive component. To remove the defect for the theory a simple method to improve the effective medium theory is proposed. The effective conductivity by the improved method increases less than linearly from the percolation threshold and agrees well with the result by computer simulation, both for three and for two dimensions.


This paper analyzes the current status of English teaching in higher vocational colleges.According to the trend of English teaching reform,it states some advantages and problems in the process of using network and multimedia in English teaching.At last,the author puts forward some improvements.


BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C is the major cause of posttransfusion hepatitis. Blood components that are positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) can transmit posttransfusion hepatitis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To investigate the effect on posttransfusion hepatitis of screening blood donors with a second‐generation test for anti‐HCV, 249 transfusion recipients who underwent cardiovascular surgery were prospectively followed. Six recipients who were positive for anti‐HCV before transfusion and 51 subjects with incomplete follow‐up were excluded from this study. RESULTS: Eleven (13.8%) of 80 subjects who received unscreened blood had two successive serum alanine aminotransferase levels > 90 U per L. Seven (8.8% of total) developed anti‐HCV and HCV RNA and two (2.5% of total) developed IgM antibody to cytomegalovirus (IgM anti‐CMV). By contrast, 3 (2.7%) of the 112 subjects who received anti‐HCV‐screened blood had two successive serum alanine aminotransferase levels > 90 U per L. None of these three developed anti‐HCV and HCV RNA, but two (1.8% of total) showed the development of IgM anti‐CMV. The study shows that screening for anti‐ HCV in blood donors with a second‐generation test almost abrogated posttransfusion viral hepatitis C. CONCLUSION: After anti‐HCV screening, other body fluid‐transmitted viruses such as CMV may become important in posttransfusion hepatitis.


Traditionally in climate change politics there has been a tension between development and environmental protection. To solve this issue sustainable development can and is widely used as a strategy. This thesis analyses the Kyoto protocol looking at the representation and the potential existence of this tension.
Idea analysis is used as the method of analysing the Kyoto protocol as this is a suitable method when looking to interpret implicit content in a text. The analysis is made using sustainable development as the theoretical framework and focuses on the following three dimension of sustainability: economic such as economic growth and cost-effectiveness, social such as inequalities and social justice and environmental such as additional emission limitation.
The analysis provides a conclusion that confirms the existence of a tension between economic, social and environmental dimension in the Kyoto protocol.


We have considered the dislocation network model for the supersolid state in $^{4}\text{H}\text{e}$ crystals. In difference with uniform two-dimensional and three-dimensional systems, the temperature of superfluid transition ${T}_{c}$ in the network is much smaller than the degeneracy temperature ${T}_{d}$. It is shown that a crossover into a quasisuperfluid state occurs in the temperature interval between ${T}_{c}$ and ${T}_{d}$. Below the crossover temperature the time of decay of the flow increases exponentially under decrease in the temperature. The crossover has a continuous character and the crossover temperature does not depend on the density of dislocations.


Recent developments in ICT and the software industry give civil and military organizations the opportunity to make decisions based on big data emerging from the Internet. Thanks to this new capability, commanders-in-chief may almost reach the ultimate fantasy of military strategy, namely overcoming the "fog of war." However, this opportunity cannot be isolated from an increased dependency on these information systems, hence a threat, or at least a vulnerability, for modern armed forces. Strategic principles must therefore be revisited and perhaps redesigned. This paper examines three mainstream ideas in the matter of cyber-warfare.


The effect of sample environment and test method on the apparent T g of graphite-epoxy composites was investigated by thermomechanical analysis (TMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Samples were prepared under controlled conditions and stored in a controlled environment before testing. Specimens were examined on the TMA in penetration, flexure, and thermal expansion, as well by DSC and DMA in both flexure and torsion beam. The measured T g was found to be affected by moisture content, the instrument used, and the test method selected. Recommendations for the comparison of T g values are discussed


U.Grenander has investigated the problem of estimating the regression coefficients of a time series with stationary residual.Recently M.Rosenblatthas generalized to the case of vector valued time series with stationary resi-dual.In this paper we investigate the problem of estimating the regressioncoefficients of a random field defined on the positive lattice points in R_k.Byour method we can extend the asymptotic efficiency formula to more generaltype of spectral functions of the residual field.For simplicity we consideronly the case that there is only one regression coefficient.Let the randomfield{x_(n_1),…,n_k}n_j=0,1,2,…j=1,2,…,k with expectation cψ_(n_1)…n_k beexpressed asx_(n_1)…n_k=cψ_(n_1)…n_k+y_(n_1)…n_k, (1)where{ψ_(n_1)…n_k}is a known sequence,they are called the regression variablesand c an unknown constant,it is called the regression coefficient.The resi-dual field{y_(n_1)…n_k}is assumed to be a homogeneous random field with spectralfunction F(λ_1…λ_k).Hence the correlation function of the random field canbe written as(?)(2)We consider two kinds of estimates of c;one is the least square estimateC_Ls,the other is the best linear unbiassed estimate C_(BLS).Let(?)We first assume that as N_j→∞(j=1,…,k)(denoted by N→∞),Φ_N→∞.Some conditions of this type is required if we are to be able to estimate cconsistently.We also require that for any h=(h-1,…,h_k),(?)(3)If one of the ν's is a negative integer,we set ψ_(ν1)…νk=0,Let the limit(?)(4)exist for all(ν_1…ν_k).Then the condition(3)is equivalent to(?)for any(h_1…h_k),and the sequence{ψ_(ν1)…νk}is called homogeneous,thenR_(ν1)…νk has the following spectral representation:(?)(5)where the function ψ(λ)=ψ(λ_1…λ_k)is a distribution law on the k-dimensionalinterval[-1/2,1/2;…;-1/2,1/2),ψ(λ)is called the spectral function of thehomogeneous sequence{ψ_(ν1…νk)}.In this paper are have proved the following:Theorem 3.Let{ψ_(n_1)…n_k}be a homogeneous sequence with sepectral function ψ(λ),then at every continuity interval I of ψ,we have(?)(6)Using this theorem and under furthor assumptions on the spectral functionF(λ)of the homogeneous residual we can deduce the following theorems,whichare generalizations of Grenander's~([1])results about the asymptotic efficiency ofthe least square estimate C_(LS)of c.Theorem 6.Let the regression variables ψ_(ν1)…νk of the random field x_(ν_1)…νkbe homogeneous,whose spectral function be ψ(λ)=ψ(λ_1…λ_k).Let the spec-tral function F(λ)of the homogeneous residual random field y_(ν1)…νk)can bedecomposed into the following form(?)(7)where f(λ)=f(λ_1…λ_k)is a positive continuous function in[-1/2,1/2;…;-1/2,1/2],H is a singular measure satisfying the following condition:(?)(8)Then the asymptotic efficiency of the least square estimate C_(LS) is given by thefollowing expression:(?)Corollary 6.1.Under the conditions of Theorem 6,in order that theleast square estimate shall be asymptotically efficient whatever be the functionf(λ)as described in Theorem 6,it is necessary and sufficient that the wholemass of ψ must be concentrated at a single point.From our method,it seems impossible to extend Theorem 6 and its corol-lary to a class of residual with spectral function considerably general than thosewe have treated here.However we can prove the following theorem in whichthe conditions imposed on the spectral function of the residual is extended tosuch a level of generality as in U.Grenander's work on the equidistributedestimate of the mean value of a process[6].Theorem 7.Let the regression variables{ψ_ν1…νk}be homogeneous withspectral function ψ(λ)=ψ(λ_1…λ_k).Suppose that the mass of ψ is concen-trated at a point P_0.Further let the spectral function F(λ)of the residualy_(ν1…νk) can be decomposed into the following form(?)where H is a singular measure satisfying the condition(8),and f(λ)=f(λ_1…λk)is a positive bounded function continuous at a neighborhood of P_0,then theleast square estimate is asymptotically efficient.


This study aims to assess the bank's financial performance with a Risk-Based Bank Rating approach. Risk profiles, good corporate governance, earnings, and capital are used as variables in assessing bank performance. This research uses quantitative descriptive research. The data source in this study is secondary data, while the sample used is saturated because the entire population is sampled, namely Bank Rakyat Indonesia and Bank Negara Indonesia. Based on the results of the study there is a fairly healthy predicate of the Loan to Deposit Ratio, while the ratio of Non Performing Loans, Good Corporate Governance, Return on Assets and Capital Adequacy Ratio of Bank Rakyat Indonesia and Bank Negara Indonesia are healthy categories.


The development of yeast strains capable of fermenting a five-carbon sugar xylose is a key step for achieving a feasible production of second-generation ethanol. An efficient expression of xylose isomerase (xylA), the primary gene of xylose metabolism, is essential in order to achieve an efficient conversion of this sugar. To enhance strain performance following initial genetic engineering steps, cycles of adaptive evolution are typically conducted in xylose medium. However, this process can be slow as it depends on xylA activity. In this study, we established a faster and powerful process for evolution based on the increased copy-number of xylA. The cell that presents higher copy-number of this gene during adaptive evolution in xylose media could convert this sugar and produce ethanol faster, being positively selected by evolution.


Context. Data from ground-based, high-resolution solar telescopes can only be used for science with calibrations and processing, which requires detailed knowledge about the instrumentation. Space-based solar telescopes provide science-ready data, which are easier to work with for researchers whose expertise is in the interpretation of data. Recently, data-processing pipelines for groundbased instruments have been constructed. Aims. We aim to provide observers with a user-friendly data pipeline for data from the Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope (SST) that delivers science-ready data together with the metadata needed for proper interpretation and archiving. Methods. We briefly describe the CHROMospheric Imaging Spectrometer (CHROMIS) instrument, including its (pre)filters, as well as recent upgrades to the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter (CRISP) prefilters and polarization optics. We summarize the processing steps from raw data to science-ready data cubes in FITS files. We report calibrations and compensations for data imperfections in detail. Misalignment of Ca ii data due to wavelength-dependent dispersion is identified, characterized, and compensated for. We describe intensity calibrations that remove or reduce the effects of filter transmission profiles as well as solar elevation changes. We present REDUX, a new version of the MOMFBD image restoration code, with multiple enhancements and new features. It uses projective transforms for the registration of multiple detectors. We describe how image restoration is used with CRISP and CHROMIS data. The science-ready output is delivered in FITS files, with metadata compliant with the SOLARNET recommendations. Data cube coordinates are specified within the World Coordinate System (WCS). Cavity errors are specified as distortions of the WCS wavelength coordinate with an extension of existing WCS notation. We establish notation for specifying the reference system for Stokes vectors with reference to WCS coordinate directions. The CRIsp SPectral EXplorer (CRISPEX) data-cube browser has been extended to accept SSTRED output and to take advantage of the SOLARNET metadata. Results. SSTRED is a mature data-processing pipeline for imaging instruments, developed and used for the SST/CHROMIS imaging spectrometer and the SST/CRISP spectropolarimeter. SSTRED delivers well-characterized, science-ready, archival-quality FITS files with well-defined metadata. The SSTRED code, as well as REDUX and CRISPEX, is freely available through git repositories.


This invention relates to a screw displacement pump comprising a body (1) defining a chamber, at least one inlet (2) and at least one outlet (3) for admitting a gas into the chamber and for pumping the gas out of the chamber, and two screws (4, 5) meshing with each other, which are rotatably mounted within the chamber for transporting the gas inlet (2 ) to the outlet (3), characterized in that the pitch of the screw (4, 5) decreases from their inlet end to their outlet end to cause compression of the gas delivered.


II (1160-85) who in addition to the royal touch, gave each patient half a sovereign. This therapy continued in vogue for more than 1200 years until it was finally given up in Eighteenth century after Queen Anne had used it unsuccessfully on Samuel Johnson. Thereafter various forms of medical, surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment have been tried by a number of workers with varying results. The multiplicity of the methods employed clearly points out that none is satisfactory in itself. Fortunately there has been a tendency in recent years not to treat all the cases with one type of therapy alone. The cases are typed on a certain basis and an appropriate single or combined treatment is given. A septic focus in the form of carious teeth, septic tonsils or adenoids is always removed as possible.


ERRORS of faith often have enormous practical consequences; but probably no heresy ever had such obvious consequences as that of the image-breakers, which convulsed the Byzantine Empire for one hundred and twenty-odd years. While the Iconoclasts were in control, no Eastern Christian could enter a church or oratory without being reminded by what he saw or rather, did not see of the opinions of certain strong-minded Emperors on the use of pictures in Christian worship. When the Emperor Leo III decreed in 730 that all representations of Christ, the Virgin, the angelsand the saints must be destroyed wherever they were found, his reasons were not altogether theological. Of course, he claimed that his enactment would prevent the faithful from lapsing into idolatry; but at the same time, it enabled him both to please his army (which was mainly recruited in an area where the use of icons was unpopular) and to move against any churchman who had elevated ideas about the independence of the Church which came to mean the monks, who were both iconophile and opposed to Imperial interference. The first icon was officially defaced either at the time of this proclamation, or, as a test case, three years earlier; this was an ancient representation of our Saviour, fixed over the Chalce, the Brazen Porch, of the Great Palace of Constantinople. A soldier of the guard climbed a ladder and began to deface the figure; a mob, mostly of women, gathered and tried to prevent him; during the scuffle, he fell from the ladder and was killed. In consequence, many people were arrested and punished with mutilation, flogging, fines and exile. (Although the calendar speaks of a St Theodosia, the ring-leader of the riot, as having been martyred on this occasion, it seems unlikely that there were any outright executions.) The violence of the crowd's reaction shows the reverence that they had for the icon.' This image of Christ at Chalce, known as the Antiphonetes or 'Surety', wasalready old in 730; how old,no one knows. Ninth-century


Abstract To investigate a soil's decolorization capacity for wastewater treatment, three types of soil (an Andisol, a sandy soil and a red soil) were compared with activated carbon and charcoal in their respective adsorption and recovery capacities. Sandy soil and red soil showed negative decolorization rates for sewage plant effluent. When 10 g of Andisol was applied to decolorize 30 mL of sewage plant effluent or livestock wastewater diluted fivefold and 20-fold, its decolorization rates reached 51.8%, 59.9% and 66.6%, respectively. The decolorization capacity of activated carbon and charcoal varied greatly because of their different original sources and production processes. An analysis of pore size distribution of activated carbons and charcoal showed that their decolorization capacity was positively related to their respective outside pore surface area and total mesopore volume. The result of a recovery experiment showed that activated carbon had a quick desorption for the adsorbed colored substances, which was hardly influenced when incubation time was increased from 7 days to 14 days. In contrast, the recovery rates for Andisol, zeolite and charcoal could be enhanced by increasing the incubation time from 7 days to 14 days or by decreasing the concentration of colored substances. During the continuous operation of Andisol-based decolorization systems, a column (100 cm3) filled with Andisol (84 g) and activated carbon (6 g) maintained a decolorization rate of more than 60% for 20 days for 20-fold diluted livestock wastewater with an absorbance of 0.8 at a wavelength of 406 nm at a hydraulic loading rate of 50 mL soil 100 cm−3 day−1.


Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been attracting much attention and have been studied extensively by scientists and engineers in both academic and industrial communities, due to their great advantages of self-emitting, fast response, wide view-angle, full color capacity, high efficiency, low power consumption, ultra-thinness, lightness and flexibility for the applications of new generation flat panel displays and solid-state lighting sources. With the full use of active-matrix OLED (AMOLED) screen in iPhone X, OLED technology has become the mainstream information display technology and has gained more than 40% of market share. In the era of information, liquid crystal display technology will be gradually replaced by OLED technology. However, OLEDs technology still faces many challenges, including low yield, high cost, short service life, environmentally unfriendly and so on, which urgently requires more in-depth and detailed research in material development and device design. Since the first OLED reported by CW Tang, OLED technology has developed from the first generation of fluorescence (FL) technology, the second generation of phosphorescence (PH) technology to the third generation of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) technology. In general, PH materials are heavy metal complexes, in which triplet excited state is the main radiative excited state. Since singlet exciton can translate into triplet exciton through intersystem crossing (ISC) process, therefore, in theory, 100% electrogenerated excitons can be used in phosphorescence materials. Compared with the first generation of fluorescence materials, which can only use 25% single state electrogenerated excitons, the electro-optic conversion efficiency is greatly improved in phosphorescence materials. However, heavy metal ions in PH materials not only increase the cost, but also bring some potential environmental pollution. TADF technology can realize the transformation of non-radiative triplet excitons into radiative singlet excitons through reverse ISC (RISC) process, and thus achieving 100% exciton utilization. TADF material is usually pure organic molecule based on a push-pull electron system, thus making up for the defects of phosphorescent material. Therefore, as a kind of molecular electroluminescent devices, innovation of material system is the foundation for the development of OLED technology. With the insulating effect, moderate electronic effect, large steric hindrance, multi-functionalizability and coordination effect, aryl phosphine (oxide) group is one of the few groups with multiple functions. Through comprehensively utilizing these functions, aryl phosphine (oxide) group reveal the unique advantage in selectively optimizing molecular optoelectronic properties, further realizing high-efficiency OLED, and providing a platform for selective investigation of the influence of single property variation on optoelectronic performance. Recently, phosphine optoelectronic materials have been gradually developed as one of the focuses in OLED field, whose excellent performance and clear structure-property relationship reveal the significant theoretical and application values regarding to enriching OLED material, suggesting the methods in material design and optimization and promoting the OLED technology innovation. Based on material design strategy, we developed phosphine host materials, emitters and electron transporting materials and deeply investigated the photophysical properties, excited-state characteristics, electrical properties and OLED performance. In this paper, the main works are summarized, with the expectation to provide reference for the subsequent study on phosphine optoelectronic materials.


The correlation between pCO2 values in blood and in exhaust gas from the oxygenators was examined during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using one bubble oxygenator and three membrane oxygenators. Forty-seven CPBs were performed, 17 with Compactflow® (Dideco, ltaly), 10 with Maxima® (Medtronic Inc., USA), 10 with Cobe CML®(Cobe Laboratories, USA) membrane oxygenators and 10 with Hi-Flex® (Dideco, Italy) bubble oxygenators. Blood samples were taken both from arterial and venous lines of the oxygenator. A capnometer was connected to the oxygenator gas exhaust port and CO2 fraction was measured at the time of drawing blood samples. CO2 pressure in the gas phase was calculated from the product of the CO2 fraction and water vapour- corrected barometric pressure. Blood gases were measured at 37°C and the pCO2 value was corrected to the temperature of the arterial line. The correlation between blood and exhaust gas pCO2 was good in all the oxygenators examined, ranging from 0.921 to 0.976. The standard error of estimate (SEE) was in the range of about ± 2 mmHg for all the oxygenators. The systematic error (slope and intercept of the correlation line) varied depending on the construction of the oxygenator, with countercurrent design having the best overall correspondence. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that arterial or venous CO 2 pressure can be monitored with a capnometry device coupled to the oxygenator gas outlet port. The use of a 'target FCO2 line' or a calculator program is proposed in order to aid the perfusionist in adjusting the oxygenator gas flow to attain normocarbia during CPB.


The prearation of nitrobenzene has been studied by microscale in this paper.via the comparison of experiments between ordinary and microscale experiments,the resules show that microscale experiment has the distinctive features such as saving reagent,less pollution,safety and rapidity conveniente for operation.The study may extend and apply in the chemistry teaching.


Purpose:  This prospective, randomized, single‐blind study evaluated the efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of a transdermal delivery system for fentanyl to provide relief of acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing intra‐abdominal gynecologic surgery for cancer.


Asama volcano, whose present highest altitude is 2568 m above sea level, and which is a typical Quaternary stratovolcano in Japan, collapsed at approximately 24 ka. The sediment originating from this collapse event has been recognized in far distant areas by mineralogical, lithological, and tephrochronological research. A collapsed sector often moves as a debris avalanche, which consists of debris-avalanche blocks and debris-avalanche matrix. The debris-avalanche blocks form a hummocky topography, which indicates the flow under relatively dry conditions. To deduce the nature of the debris transport event to be clarified, this paper shows the morphological characteristics of hummocks. Hummocks formed by the Asama volcano collapse at 24 ka are distributed over Ohkuwa, Karuizawa, Saku, and Nakanojo districts within 45 km from the source. Their sizes are larger as approached to the source, indicating the debris-avalanche blocks were disaggregated irreversibly according to travel distance. This means the debris flowed as a debris avalanche in Nakanojo district, even though the debris had channelized into the Agatsuma River valley. Also, there is expected to be an exponential relation between distance from source and length of major axis of a maximum hummock in each region. Although no hummocks are recognized in the northwestern corner of the Kanto Plain, some blocks at least 5-15 m across are observed in the deposits. If we extrapolate downstream the above exponential relation, similar values for the sizes of these blocks can be acquired in the northwestern corner of the Kanto Plain. This size-distribution shows the possibility that the collapsed materials reached the northwestern corner of the Kanto Plain as a single debris transport event.


Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in the Saudi population and there are different strategies. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different strategies for vitamin D deficiency correction in Saudi adults and children.


Electrical conductivity and dynamic shear modulus measurements were made simultaneously on carbon black-filled natural rubbers. G′ the in-phase shear modulus, and the electrical conductivity, C, were shown to vary in an approximately similar way as the amplitude of dynamic oscillation was increased. Both G′ and C altered sigmoidally from a high value at low amplitudes of oscillation to very much reduced values at high amplitudes of oscillation. Recovery curves for conductivity were shown to be parallel with respect to the logarithm of the time (in minutes), even though the initial deforming amplitudes varied widely.


Abstract Highly qualified and creative people are the key prerequisite of innovation development of every region. Orientation at the development of talents and inflow of qualified people from abroad gained importance during 15 years of implementation of the South Moravian Regional Innovation Strategy. Through the Internationalisation programme, realised since 2006, the regional authority awards scholarships to students from non-EU countries studying at universities in Brno. A substantial part of supported students remains in the region after graduation, working at highly qualified positions. The SoMoPro programme – a unique support tool from Czech but also from European perspective – contributes to the increase of internationalisation and quality of research conducted in South Moravia. Recognised foreign researchers are motivated to move to Brno especially thanks to the newly built top quality research infrastructure. However, turning their short to mid-term stays into a long-term residence is rather difficult given not sufficiently motivating wages in public R&D in Czechia. The needs of increasing number of foreign researchers and other specialists mainly in private sector are addressed by the Brno Expat Centre. In the last years, the number of clients and consultations provided by the organisation grew continuously. Despite more significant impact of national and international mobility schemes and other influences, the aggregate effect of regional activities supporting inflow and maintaining of foreign talents and specialists leads to the increasing attractiveness of the region and the development of a competitive advantage above the other regions of Czechia. Thus the described regional activities contribute to high shares of foreign students and researchers in the region, placing South Moravia on leading positions among Czech regions.


A baseband receiver for DVB-T OFDM with variable number of subcarriers is presented in this paper. The proposed receiver consists of a blind mode detector, time and frequency synchronizer, and channel estimator. The blind mode detector uses a novel algorithm to detect the number of OFDM subcarriers in the received signal. Time and frequency synchronization is performed after the transmission mode is detected. Finally, channel estimation is performed using ID or 2D interpolation. Simulation results show that the proposed mode detection and synchronization algorithms are close to ideal, and good overall performance is achievable.