Context: UML is an important modeling language for software development in industry, considered a de facto standard for specifying a variety of models, including business processes, data models, and user scenarios that represent software at a high level of abstraction. Problem: Although UML provides the user with several diagrams for software modeling, the language still leaves gaps, such as a poor capacity for modeling time constraints, and simulating the desired behaviour of software. Thus, using only UML to model distributed systems developed using microservices, and also modeling time constraints and system's behaviour becomes an issue that has been identified by many researchers. Proposed solution: Seeking to mitigate UML gaps, an Electronic Document Management System (SGED) modeled using UML was transcribed to Petri nets with time, using a bottom-up approach. In addition, formal verification and analysis of the model's properties were performed. Results: Through the Petri Nets model with time, it was possible to analyze the behaviour of the modelled system, as well as analyze the systems' properties, and then detect and prevent possible unwanted behaviour. Contributions: As for conclusion, it is clear the importance of using formal methods in practice, specially Petri nets, in systems with microservices where time constraints are crucial for their correct behaviour. In addition, it is feasible to construct large models by composing Petri nets, using a bottom-up approach, which corresponds nicely with the architecture of microservices, with independent, loosely coupling services.


We introduce a filter processor unit that realizes digital nonrecursive (FIR) and recursive (IIR) filtering with optimal selectable coefficient, data wordlength and filter order. This flexibility is achieved by combination of four identical filter modules. The design is carried out in a 1.0 /spl mu/ CMOS process; additionally a multiplier-free second order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/-modulator is implemented. It occupies a chip area of 87 mm/sup 2/.<<ETX>>


Ethylene/4-methyl-1-pentene (E/4M1P) copolymers were synthesized by [Me 2 Si(η 5 -Me 4 C 5 )-(η 1 -N- t Bu)TiCl 2 ] and methylalumoxane (MAO) catalyst (CG) and analyzed by 1 3 C NMR. The low regio- and stereoregularity of CG leads to spectral multiplicities which can be ascribed not only to differences in comonomer sequences but also to the presence of regio- and stereoirregularities. The tendency of CG to give a nearly random comonomer distribution gives rise to so far undetectable alternating sequences. The complete set of assignments proposed allows a satisfactory characterization of variously microstructured E/ 4M1P copolymers and the evaluation of the amount of regioirregular sequences in addition to the full determination of dyad and triad copolymer composition.


Jute fiber along with Al particle-reinforced unsaturated polyester composites having different filler (Jute and Al) loading viz. 2, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% were fabricated by compression molding technique. In the present investigation, it was observed that with fillers incorporation, the microhardness increases and becomes optimum at 10 wt.% filler content followed by slight deterioration at 15 wt.%. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the dispersion of the fillers. An improvement of crystallinity with filler addition was observed from X-ray diffraction pattern. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy pattern ensured the bonding between filler and matrix. Flexural and Izod impact tests show that the strength and modulus increase monotonically up to 10 wt.% filler addition followed by slight decreases at 15 wt.%. Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Thermogravimetric analysis show that the thermal stability, degradation temperature, and residual mass significantly increase with fillers addition. The thermal insulation of the composites decreases, whereas the electrical conductivity of the composites increases with the addition of the filler. The water absorption at room and boiling temperature suggests swelling and deterioration in strength of the swelled composites.


The basic premise of this article is that, contrary to the tabula rasa hypothesis, individuals in the new democracies of post-Communist Eastern Europe have been able to form meaningful political identities even under conditions of great fluidity and uncertainty. These identities are expressed through the pattern of voting choices that individuals make during successive elections. The authors based their analysis on a 1993 panel survey of a national sample of the adult Polish population first interviewed in 1988. They show that when political identity is conceptualized in a dynamic manner, the majority of the Polish electorate exhibit patterns of electoral choice that conform well to interpretable types of political identity. Such political identities are shaped by social group memberships and individuals' experiences under communism. These identities, in turn, shape individuals' orientations toward crucial issues related to the systemic transformation of their society.


The study examined the role of socially prescribed perfectionism on social anxiety and perfectionistic self-presentation behaviors in college students. One-hundred twenty-nine students at a public liberal arts college completed questionnaires assessing their trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, social anxiety, and perceived social support. The results found  direct relationships between socially prescribed perfectionism and social anxiety and between socially prescribed perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation. The results indicate conceptual, although not statistically significant, support for social support as moderating the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and social anxiety. There was neither conceptual nor statistical support for a social support interaction on the association between socially prescribed perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation. The findings suggest that perfectionistic college students are likely to engage in maladaptive impression management behaviors. College students who strive for perfection to please others and who have low levels of social support may also be at risk of developing social anxiety.Â


Cyber-bullying is a highly relevant issue to teachers, parents, and students, requiring further scholarly attention in the field of education.  Cyber-bullying is much more severe in its effects than offline bullying, as the targets feel they have no escape. Technological advancements and the popularization of online social networks have further perpetuated cyber-bullying.   Cyber-bullies are not afraid of being caught or of facing consequences for their actions, due to the challenges of identifying them online. Shariff (2009) argued that suspensions and zero-tolerance policies have failed to work, and it is important to reconceptualize current approaches to cyber-bullying prevention.  As cyber-bullying generally begins when students are in middle school (Grades 6-8), my study will examine middle school teachers' perceptions and understandings about cyber-bullying through questionnaires. Teachers and administrators will be questioned regarding their concerns about cyber-bullying, their preparation in dealing with cyber-bullying, and the strategies they use for cyber-bullying prevention.


The ordering temperature of FePt films grown on PtMn underlayers was reduced due to phase transformation of the PtMn L10 phase. The in-plane coercivity of 10nm FePt on 50nm PtMn underlayers was 7688Oe after annealing at 325°C. An exchange field of 554Oe was also observed, which indicates that PtMn may not only induce the ordering of FePt at a reduced temperature, but also may provide extra anisotropy. A large coercivity of 10500Oe can be achieved for 35nm FePt films on PtMn underlayers after 325°C annealing.


Our previous studies show that in mice immunized with the paraflagellar rod (PFR) proteins of Trypanosoma cruzi protective immunity against this protozoan parasite requires MHC class I‐restricted T cell function. To determine whether PFR‐specific CD8+ T cell subsets are generated during T. cruzi infection, potential CTL targets in the PFR proteins were identified by scanning the amino acid sequences of the four PFR proteins for regions of 8–10 amino acids that conform to predicted MHC class I H‐2b binding motifs. A subset of the peptide sequences identified were synthesized and tested as target antigen in 51Cr‐release assays with effector cells from chronically infected T. cruzi mice. Short‐term cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines specific for two of the peptides, PFR‐1164–171 and PFR‐3123–130, showed high levels of lytic activity against peptide‐pulsed target cells, secreted interferon (IFN)‐γ in response to parasite‐infected target cells, and were found to be CD8+, CD4−, CD3+, TCRαβ+ cells of the Tc1 subset. Challenge of PFR immunized CD8−/− and perforin‐deficient (PKO) mice confirmed that while CD8+ cells are required for survival of T. cruzi challenge infection, perforin activity is not required. Furthermore, while lytic activity of PFR‐specific CD8+ T cell lines derived from PKO mice was severely impaired, the IFN‐γ levels secreted by CTLs from PKO mice were equivalent to that of normal mice, suggesting that the critical role played by CD8+ T cells in immunity to the parasite may be secretion of type 1 cytokines rather than lysis of parasite infected host cells.


The recognition of a place depicted in an image typically adopts methods from image retrieval in large-scale databases. First, a query image is described as a "bag-of-features" and compared to every image in the database. Second, the most similar images are passed to a geometric verification stage. However, this is an inefficient approach when considering that some database images may be almost identical, and many image features may not repeatedly occur. We address this issue by clustering similar database images to represent distinct scenes, and tracking local features that are consistently detected to form a set of real-world landmarks. Query images are then matched to landmarks rather than features, and a probabilistic model of landmark properties is learned from the cluster to appropriately verify or reject putative feature matches. We present novelties in both a bag-of-features retrieval and geometric verification stage based on this concept. Results on a database of 200K images of popular tourist destinations show improvements in both recognition performance and efficiency compared to traditional image retrieval methods.


Abstract : Because of the preflight occurrence of failure resulting from a short circuit between plates and extensive cadmium migration to the separators of a Ni-Cd cell intended for long-term use in a satellite, a series of photomicrographic investigations has been made of the depth of cadmium penetration into a separator from the cell and related cells. Electron probe and ion probe studies were also conducted. It was found that cadmium penetrations as deep as 80% occurred, and, in many instances, a depth of more than 30% of separator penetration was observed. Since cell failure and battery performance losses can be caused by 100% penetration depths of cadmium, the results of the investigation indicate that cadmium migration and penetration into the separators of this set of Ni-Cd cells constitute a serious problem with respect to meeting the power-storage lifetime requirements of the electrical system for the satellite. (Author)


In this paper the use of compensation based on a combination of active plus reactive power at distribution model system is proposed. The basic voltage-power relationships for the linearized case on an infinite bus are used and the compensation angle is defined based on the voltage magnitude response to small power injection. Compensation is supplied at several locations, and the system is subjected to varying fault scenarios, with its response observed under different system conditions. A number of control issues for a storage-based, active / reactive power compensator as a bus voltage regulator are explored to compare the effectiveness of active / reactive against reactive-only compensation.


The integrated yield of desorption of solid methane particles under irradiation by an electron beam at a helium temperature was studied. The effect of explosive desorption from the solid methane surface was determined when a critical irradiation dose of ∼ 100 eV per methane molecule was reached. The yield of particles is accompanied by a cathodoluminescence burst of solid methane. This effect is preceded by an increase in the intensity oscillations of the desorption yield, with a period of 10 s.


A global integration of economy,science and technology along with national economic reforming and re structuring of government research institutions in China has created a great deal of impact on the development of wood science and technology, which must further strengthen the knowledge innovation and technology innovation in the new century in the country. Wood knowledge innovation will focus on wood resources structure in China. The relationship among properties, quality and bio formation as well as processing and utilization of plant materials such as wood from plantation forest will be further understood. Technology innovation will be carried out mainly by enterprises and technology breakouts could be expected in processing and utilization of plant materials like wood, value added manufacturing, better performance of wood based materials and better environment protection etc. The development of wood science and technology in China will be characterized in intersection and frontier with other sciences in the direction of plant material science, wood based composite material science, wood based reconstituted material science, wood based Eco material science, science of environment engineering of wood structure, as well as science of wood chemical processing


with all the available human skeletal material of the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Ages in that country. (A third volume on the Iron Age, including the Viking period, is in preparation.) The planning of this ambitious work began in 1938, and was carried out mainly after 1942 by the late Dr. Kurt BrSste. Its outstanding feature is the thoroughness with which the material is described and illustrated. Photographs of some 270 skulls are reproduced, together with craniograms and 43 pages of metrical data. Limb-bones, extremities, and pelves are also described and illustrated, group by group, with metrical data in 22 tables. All possible attention has been paid to the problem of the dating of the remains described, and a clear distinction is made between specimens found by excavation, inspection, and chance. The first volume includes an archaeological introduction by Dr. C. J. Becker, and it is evident throughout that the work owes much to continual collaboration between archaeology and anthropology, inspired in large measure by Dr. Johannes Brandsted, Director of the National Museum of Copenhagen. The discussion of the skull form, stature, and proportions of the Stone Age inhabitants of Denmark is likely to prove of wide interest. In the four Danish finds of Mesolithic man there are few indications of close relationship to the Upper Palaeolithic men of Europe. Even the Koelbjerg skull, which is said to show some traits in common with Cro-Magnon man, is found on analysis to be nearer to skulls of Neolithic Danes than to any known Upper Palaeolithic skulls. There was a marked increase in stature between the Middle and Late Neolithic and this applies to males and females. The Late Neolithic people in Denmark were of more slender physique than their predecessors of the Middle Neolithic, but the shapes of their skulls were the same. The material of the Bronze Age is considered inadequate as a basis for any generalizing remarks on the population of Denmark during that period. Although this great work is mainly for specialists in physical anthropology, it certainly contains data of considerable value to prehistorians, and will be continually consulted by those requiring an authoritative source of information about particular Neolithic and Bronze Age graves in Denmark. All who use this work in our own country will appreciate the excellence of the translation into the English language. KENNETH P. OAKLEY


This study aims to determine how the maize crop management results can improve the welfare of the community in Suela District, and to determine the impact of the maize crop management pattern to improve the community welfare in Suela District. The results of the study show: first, in the results of corn crop management several management activities are carried out, namely preparation, implementation of supervision, harvest and post-harvest. Management of corn plants is carried out to minimize the occurrence of a loss to corn production. Second, the impact of corn management patterns to improve people's welfare seen from the level of welfare according to BPS includes household income, expenditure or consumption, living conditions, household facilities, health of family members, ease of obtaining health services, and ease of entering children into education levels. Based on the results of the analysis of the management results of corn plants, it is known that the level of community welfare in Suela District is at a high level of 90% and a medium level of 10%.


Initiated by CrCl3/Fe redox couple, per(poly)fluoroalkyl iodides added to methyl α-acetylamino acrylate, giving β-per(poly)fluoroalkyl α-amino acid derivatives in good yields.


This chapter is about the start of the Jazz Age and the dance band era. Music contractor Ed Kirkeby played a major role and gained experience in the music industry, a.o. with a job at Columbia Records and as an artist's representative. His breakthrough came in 1922 when he managed a band called the California Ramblers. This band worked in vaudeville in an act with soprano Eva Shirley. When its personnel walked out, Kirkeby had to find new men, which offered himthe opportunity to hire top quality men. One of these men was Adrian Rollini, who played xylophone and piano.


Background Risk factors of constipation have not yet been wholly clarified among patients with fractures, especially in Egypt. Aim: this study designed to investigate the prevalence of constipation and its related risk factors among orthopedic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional design with a purposive sample of 150 patients was used to conduct this study. Three questionnaires were administered: (A) demographic and medical history sheet; (B) Bristol Stool Scale; and (C) Constipation Risk Assessment Scale. Results: The patients mean age was 39.5 ± 10.6 years. Patients were at moderate risk for constipation with average scores of 12.9 ± 4.1. Multivariable logistic regression was established to identify constipation factors as follow: length of hospital stay (odds ratio [ORa]= .248, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .129-.475), previous constipation history (ORa= 4.566, 95% CI: 1.213-17.190), difficulty in bowel excretion in hospital (ORa= 2.028, 95% CI: 1.068-3.849), colorectal/abdominal diseases (ORa= .639, 95% CI: .416-.980), and Iron supplementation (ORa= 1.703, 95% CI: .952-3.046), were the risks that could significantly predict occurrence of constipation among orthopedic patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of constipation was low among orthopedic patients. However, many risks remarkably predicted susceptibility to having constipation. Recommendations: Nurses must take the identified risk factors seriously into consideration during assessing and caring for orthopedic patients. Evidence-based nursing interventions must be designed to control the adverse effects of these risks on bowel function.


Objective- To evaluate the healing potential of oleaster leave water soluble extract on skin wounds.
Design- Experimental study.
Animals- 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats, randomly assigned in two equal groups.
Procedures- Under general anesthesia, and following surgical preparation, two uniform skin defects were made by 7mm skin punch. The water soluble extract was then applied on half of the wounds for 7 days. The animals were sacrificed on day 8 and histopathological and biomechanical samples were taken. Wound planimetry was also performed.
Results-  All the evaluated parameters in histopathological and biomechanical studies were significantly superior in treatment group in comparison with the control one. The surface area of the treatment wounds were also significantly less than the control wounds.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- This study showed that oleaster leave extract has a pro-healing effect on the experimental skin wounds and it can be considered as an available herbal preparation with reasonable cost.


A systematic design approach applied to road tankers for transportation of dangerous goods is developed. Tank cross-section and material, axles' load-share, tank attachment, lateral stability, and applicability of Regulations and standards, affecting successful vehicle development and road safety are incorporated. The algorithm presented applies to 4 axles single unit road-tankers.


BE (blind equalization) algorithms based on BSS (blind signal separation) are investigated by several authors [I. Jang et al., 2002, YH. Hua, 1998, X. Zhuang, M. Enescu, 2002], but few of them fully explored the underlying constellation information which is the most distinct character differing BE from general BSS problem. In this paper, the problem of on-line PAM blind equalization via BSS is investigated, and an adaptive density modeling, based on recursive kurtosis estimation, is proposed. Our approach could greatly improve not only the convergence speed but also the equalization performance, compared to the counterpart which not considering the underlying constellation. Simulation results demonstrate its feasibilities and superiority both in stationary and non-stationary case.


With a major in teaching physics from Illinois State University, I began my career as a physics teacher at Barrington High School. This is my fifth year teaching there and I am currently teaching honors and AP physics B. I am lucky to find my first physics teaching job where Chris Chiaverina and Jim Hicks taught. All of my colleagues at BHS past and present are such an inspiration and offer so much support for each other. I would also like to thank Diane Riendeau for introducing me to talking chips and my department chair, Mark Gilbert, for helping me develop the idea into talking cards.


The method of F-2F recording which is usually applied to magnetic cards etc. is easily r 巴 writable. Recently , several kinds of counterplan for security are performed , but these are not intrinsic. Accord-ingly , the security of F-2F recording is not high. Now , the complex of two magnetic materials is used for magnetic recording layer. Those materials have different coercivities. Two levels of recording current make three states of residual magnetic flux. This method is named 2F recording. The features and merits of 2F recording method will be explained


Large eddy simulation (LES) is a viable and powerful tool to analyze unsteady threedimensional turbulent flows. In this paper, the method of LES is used to compute a plane turbulent supersonic boundary layer subjected to different pressure gradients. The pressure gradients are generated by allowing the flow to pass in the vicinity of an expansion-compression ramp (inclined backward-facing step with leeward-face angle of 25 degrees) for an upstream Mach number of 2.9. The inflow boundary condition is the main problem for all turbulent wall-bounded flows. An approach to solve this problem is to extract instantaneous velocities, temperature and density data from an auxiliary simulation (inflow generator). To generate an appropriate realistic inflow condition to the inflow generator itself the rescaling technique for compressible flows is introduced. In this method Morkovin's hypothesis in which the total temperature fluctuations are neglected compared with the static temperature fluctuations is applied to rescale and generate the temperature profile at inlet. This technique was successfully developed and applied by the present author for a large eddy simulation of subsonic three-dimensional boundary layer of a smooth curved ramp. The present LES results are compared with the available experimental as well as numerical data. The positive impact of LES is proven by the convincing agreement of the obtained results with the experimental data compared with published numerical work and sheds the light on the quality of the compressible inflow generator method.


Active power decoupling in single-phase conversion systems reduces the required capacitance for twice-line frequency power ripple buffering by operating the energy buffering capacitors with high energy utilization ratios. The bipolar active buffer is the buffer topology that can achieve 100% energy utilization ratio. Yet, the conventional two-level full-bridge designs suffer from high switching and conduction loss and large filter inductor size due to the direct connection of the buffer across the high voltage dc-bus. Moreover, the high voltage swings across the buffer capacitor impose challenges for the control to regulate harmonics in the system. This article improves the power density and the efficiency of the bipolar active buffer through a buffer architecture incorporating the flying capacitor multilevel topology. Moreover, control techniques to regulate harmonics in the buffer are proposed to maintain low ripple in the dc-side current. The use of two common types of capacitors, the metal film capacitor and the X6S multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) as buffer capacitors, is addressed with different harmonic control schemes. With MLCCs, we have also achieved a total passive component volume that is almost three times smaller than state-of-the-art solutions. The proposed approach is validated using a compact hardware for a 2-kW, 400-V dc-bus, 60-Hz single-phase inverter application.


Direct and efficient thermoelectric conversion of solar or geothermal waste heat into electricity requires the development of pand n-type thermoelectrics with similar materials properties. Perovskite-type transition metaloxides and oxynitrides are investigated as potential candidates for thermoelectric devices operating at high temperatures as they can possess large positive as well as large negative thermopower depending on their composition. Cobaltates, ferrates and nickelates with ptype conductivity and n-type titanates, molybdates and manganates are considered for the development of an ceramic thermoelectric converter. Nitridation of perovskite-type titanates and molybdates offers an alternative route to control the carrier concentration, band structure and mobility of charge carriers of the compounds which leads to further possibilities to tune the thermoelectric properties.


Editor We recently came across an otherwise healthy 64-year-old woman who recently developed bilateral asymptomatic purpuric lesions on her face (Fig. 1). Purpura was located on the cheeks and distributed in a linear fashion following the direction of the borders of FFP2 face mask usually worn by the patient as protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Similar lesions, but with minor extent, were seen on the neck-chest area, where she wore a silver necklace. At clinical examination, apart from the above described purpuric lesions, sun-damaged skin was particularly evident. The patient denied any previous drug intake or steroid application and her clinical history was unremarkable. Laboratory investigations including coagulation tests were within normal range. On the basis of history and clinical appearance of cutaneous lesions, a diagnosis of face mask-induced purpura was made. As the patient noticed that the lesions had appeared after prolonged use of FFP2 face mask, she had autonomously started to wear surgical masks in order to reduce facial skin pressure and, after that, she was experiencing an improvement of her skin signs. She was reassured about the condition and she was suggested to wear, when possible, surgical face masks producing a minor pressure on facial skin. Apart from the global impact induced by the COVID pandemic on health, politics, economics and lifestyle, an indirect effect of new habits has been experienced by common people. Face masks have accompanied mankind's life in the latest 2 years as they were indicated as mandatory tool to prevent the diffusion of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several large studies have investigated the effects of face masks on people's skin, thus demonstrating an increase of facial dermatoses or cutaneous symptoms secondary to face mask wearing. The former included acne, irritant contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea and allergic contact dermatitis, whereas among symptoms, patients reported itch, burning pain, dryness, oily skin, ear pain and others. Prolonged use of masks, mask type, previously existing conditions and mask reuse can be considered as the major factors conditioning the occurrence of facial cutaneous symptoms or diseases. To the best of our knowledge, no patients with mask-induced facial purpura were reported in previous studies. Techasatian et al. observed in a minority of patients pressure-induced injury, but no detailed information was given about the skin signs produced by pressure. Face is not among the most common sites of purpura, which is mostly seen on limbs or trunk. Purpura may have a large variety of aetiologies, including coagulation disorders, immune diseases, internal disorders, cancer, haematologic conditions, medication, trauma and many others. The exclusive localization of purpura on the face does not have so many causes. Among them, the so-called mask phenomenon should be not confused with face mask-induced


. In the article, the ethnic mentality and world language mapping problem are analysed. The study attempts to substantiate this process from a theoretical point of view. Descriptive-comparative and empirical methods of scientific analysis were used. It is necessary to know the cultural heritage and traditions of the country for the correct transfer of the meaning of the equivalent vocabulary of a specific language. In this study, an attempt was made to outline the starting points for solving the problem of transferring the cultural background and colour of culture when translating it into other languages. Solving problems related to the translation of artistic vocabulary requires considering the entire complexity of the translated original and the means of the language into which it is translated. With the correct identification and accurate reflection of the cultural features of the text, the national colour can be accurately conveyed. However, the cultural component always remains the main difficulty in translation.


The opportunity to carry out oral surgery in patients under anticoagulant therapy has been increasing, although a dilemma exists between the hemostasis in the dental procedures and the contineous anticoagulant management. It is our purpose to know the safety of oral surgery among the patients using anticoagulant. The present study was based on forty one oral surgery in 19 patients treated Nagoya University Hospital during 1973 to 1978. All cases had been managed by anticoagulant therapy with Warf arin for the replaced prosthetic valve, or for the management of mitral or aortic disease, etc.. The oral procedures consisted of 30 dental extractions, 5 scaling, two resections of torus mandibularis, two cases of alveoloplasty, removal of an apical cyst and biopsy in each case. The mean value of thrombotest with the therapeutic dose of Warf arin was 24.3+11.8%. And the value on the data of dental extraction was found to be 49.9+21.2%. Postoperative bleeding, only for one or two days, was observed in 10 cases with dental extraction. A comparison of the value between cases of the bleeding and non-bleeding after dental extraction revealed no significant difference, of which the group with bleeding and non-bleeding were 56.6+23.6% and 46.6+20.2%, respectively. The present results may indicate that the bleeding at oral surgery is not related to the anticoagulant therapy and that it is not necessary to discontinue the therapy for oral surgery. However, further detailed studies are necessary to establish a comprehensive policy.


A numerical algorithm is used to solve the bare and the effective potential for the scalar ϕ4 model in the local potential approximation. An approximate dynamical Maxwell-cut is found which reveals itself in the degeneracy of the action for modes at some scale. This result indicates that the potential develop singular field dependence as far as one can see it by an algorithm of limited numerical accuracy.


The objective of this study was to estimate the soil CO2 efflux in a Caatinga area in the municipality of São João, Garanhuns-PE using existing equations in the literature. The 1 Professor Adjunto da Universidade de Pernambuco – Campus Benfica email@example.com Estimativas do efluxo de Dióxido – Oliveira e Soares Revista Diálogos N.o 16 – Set./Dez. 2016 122 measurements were performed by means of moisture and temperature sensors. The data were recorded daily a central data acquisition for 158 days and two levels of soil depth. The daily average values of the soil CO2 efflux 5 cm and 10 cm in depth were 1.59 and 1.46 μmolms, respectively. Of verified models, which uses moisture to correct the estimated values presented the best estimate, achieving numbers close to that presented in the literature.


ell In current applications of spin-exchange optical pump @1#, it is common that optically very thick alkali-metal atom samples are optically pumped with high-power laser sour such as broadband diode laser arrays @2#, frequency narrowed diode arrays, and diode-array bars @3–5# or Ti:Sapphire lasers@6,7#. As circularly polarized light propagate through the cell parallel to an applied magnetic field, t atoms are optically pumped into states that are nearly tr parent to the light. This allows the light to deeply penetr optically thick cells, as demonstrated in the pioneering w of Bhaskaret al. @8#. Imperfect circular polarization of the light can even be tolerated, since the strong circular dich ism of the atoms rapidly attenuates the undesired polar tion component near the entrance to the vapor cell. When circularly polarized light propagates at an angle the external magnetic field, however, the electron spins idly precess about the magnetic-field direction, so that time-averaged spin polarization is reduced. Thus, even in absence of spin relaxation the atoms do not attain full po ization, and continue to absorb light. Equivalently, the ato experience an effection light polarization that is less th 100%. Due to the required transversality of the pump light, the atomic circular dichroism does not correct for small polarization imperfections as the light traverses the c Even at very small propagation angles, dramatic change the cell transparency can occur for optically thick cells. T effect, which we discovered in the course of systematic st ies of the spin-exchange process, is theoretically and exp mentally analyzed in this paper. For the case of near-resonant D1 circularly polarized light propagating along the direction ẑ of the external magnetic field, under the typical conditions of spin-exchange opti pumping the photon spectral flux density f0(n) @photons/ ~sec cm Hz!# obeys the simple propagation equation @1#


Molecular dynamics simulations of one single tetramethylammonium ion in water have been carried out. The structural analysis revealed the existence of a well-defined hydration shell. The orientation and dynamics of the hydration shell molecules are analyzed. Residence times and hydration numbers are reported. The dynamical analysis shows that hydration shell water molecules have lower self-diffusion coefficients and higher reorientational times than pure water. Translational and reorientational motions of the ion are studied. The influence of the assumed water model on the different properties is discussed.


This article analyzes the effects of several important facters(e.g.extracting cost) to the oligopoly extraction rate of a nonrenewable natural resource.We asume that there are N firms extracting the resource of constant elasticity and a linear extracting cost function.We acquire the each firm's feedback equilibrium strategy of this oligopoly market model based on differential game.And we get the conclusions that the extracting cost has a crucial effect to the entry and exit decisions,the extracting rate and the terminal point.At last,we get a brief comparation to some classic papers.


A refined technique using Acoustic Emission has been developed for use in head/disk interface contact detection. These refinements are focused on the design parameters of the Acoustic Emission electronics, amplification and filter settings, which permit accurate and repeatable contact detection measurements. A technique for determining the slider body natural frequencies is described in order that the proper filter design parameters can be determined. Experiments confirm the existence of these frequencies for a Al 2 O 3 TiC 50 percent slider are in excess of 600 KHz.


Allen, H.-J., Grey, K. & Haines, P.W., November 2015. Systematic description of Cryogenian Aralka Formation stromatolites, Amadeus Basin, Australia. Alcheringa 40, xxx–xxx. ISSN 0311-5518 Recognition of stratigraphically constrained stromatolite assemblages has been useful in Australia-wide correlations of Neoproterozoic successions, and in particular in recent Geological Survey of Western Australia and Northern Territory Geological Survey revisions to Neoproterozoic–Cambrian stratigraphy and correlations in the Amadeus Basin, Australia. The Aralka Formation, a proven hydrocarbon source in the Northern Territory, previously mapped in only the northeastern part of the Amadeus Basin, is now recognized across much of the basin. The discovery of new outcrop and drillhole intersections with stromatolite occurrences has prompted systematic revision of stromatolites in the Aralka Formation and analysis of their distribution. The stromatolites include a new Group and Form, Atilanya fennensis, which has a distinctive pillared microstructure giving rise to a characteristic wrinkled lamina pattern of bioherms. The previously defined Tungussia inna is emended to include observations from new localities; robust bridging, columns that rarely develop for more than a few centimetres without interruption as a result of bridges being so profuse, and a wall that ranges from continuous to patchy. In situ occurrences of Tungussia inna are now known from ten localities in the Amadeus Basin, stratigraphically constrained within the Aralka Formation. Likewise, in situ Atilanya fennensis is, thus far, unique to the Aralka Formation, although similar forms elsewhere in the Centralian Superbasin and Adelaide Rift Complex are yet to be investigated. Heidi-Jane Allen [email@example.com], Kathleen Grey [firstname.lastname@example.com] and Peter Wyatt Haines [email@example.com], Geological Survey of Western Australia, 100 Plain Street, East Perth WA, 6004.


Scholars and practitioners have argued that effective financial management, particularly the development of operating reserves, can help nonprofits survive economic shocks. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a significant impact on the nonprofit sector, provides an opportunity to test whether nonprofits have followed that recommendation, and if so, whether nonprofits with operating reserves were better prepared for the pandemic. Using data from an original survey of more than 600 nonprofit human service and arts organizations, administered when most states had stay-at-home restrictions, we show that most nonprofits experienced an immediate impact on their programs and financing. Yet, those nonprofits with more reserves were less likely to reduce operating hours, lose staff, or experience difficulty acquiring supplies or vendor services. Our study provides rare empirical data on the benefits of operating reserves for nonprofits. Our results also confirm that arts and culture nonprofits were more severely affected than human service nonprofits.


The refereed literature contains few studies that analyze life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) methodologies together for lignocellulosic bioenergy systems, using a stochastic modeling approach. This study seeks to address this gap by developing an integrated framework to quantify the environmental and financial impacts of producing and delivering shrub willow in the Northeastern United States. This study analyses four different scenarios from a combination of two different initial land cover types (grassland, cropland) prior to willow establishment, and two harvesting conditions (leaf-on, leaf-off). Monte Carlo simulations were performed to quantify the uncertainty of the results based on a range of financial, logistical, and biophysical variable input parameters (e.g., land rental rates, transportation distance, biomass yield, etc.). Growing willow biomass on croplands resulted in net negative GHG emissions for both leaf on and leaf off scenarios for the baseline. The GHG emissions were lowest for the leaf-off harvest on cropland (−172.50 kg CO2eq Mg−1); this scenario also had the lowest MSP ($76.41 Mg−1). The baseline grassland scenario with leaf-on harvest, results in the highest net GHG emissions (44.83 kg CO2eq Mg−1) and greatest MSP ($92.97 Mg−1). The results of this analysis provide the bioenergy field and other interested stakeholders with both environmental and financial trade-offs of willow biomass to permit informed decisions about the future expansion of willow fields in the landscape, which have the potential to contribute to GHG reduction targets and conversion into fuels, energy, or bioproducts for carbon sequestration and financial benefits.


Chemistry International January-March 2020 institutions of Mexico and the participation of prestigious researchers in the CSI's International Advisory Board and the LAMLIBS Scientific Committee. The conferences were held under the auspices of IUPAC, the Optical Society of America (OSA), the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT), the Mexican Physical Society and the Mexican Chemical Society. For five days, 290 participants from 32 countries exchanged their research work and innovative ideas. Plenary, invited, and keynote lectures were presented by recognized scientists in various kinds of spectrometry such as atomic, mass, molecular, nuclear, X-Ray, and others. Applications in archaeometry, materials, medicine, biology, industry, forensic, and environmental sciences along with fundaments were presented in 92 oral presentations and 170 posters. The seven plenary lectures, held by eminent researchers: Da-Wen Sun (National University of Ireland/South China University of Technology), Jorge Peón-Peralta (Institute of Chemistry, National and Autonomous University of Mexico), Joana Szpunar (French National Research Council), Alessandro DeGiacomo (University of Bari, Italy), Mischa Bonn (Max Planck Institute for Polymers, Germany), Zoltan Mester (National Research Council Canada) and Ralph Sturgeon (National Research Council Canada), were broadcast live on the web channel of the UNAM in order to extend the impact to the conference. Fourteen invited lectures and fifteen keynote presentations were given by outstanding scientists within 17 parallel sessions. The last day of the conference was dedicated to awards and student poster prizes. Ralph Sturgeon was the recipient of the 2019 CSI Award (a prestigious Life Achievement Award) to recognize his contributions to analytical spectrometry through the improvement and developing of new methods for trace elements analysis. The 1st LAMLIBS Award was presented to Vincenzo Palleschi to recognize his outstanding contribution to fundamentals and applications of LIBS. The poster prizes sponsored by OSA and the Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry were given in recognition of outstanding poster presentation to 6 students. Two special sessions were held at the conferences: a round table of LIBS in Latin America and a session dedicated to LIBS and the periodic table of elements. The latter was part of the celebration of the 2019 International Year of the Periodic Table. The former was aimed to discuss the current situation of LIBS research in the region to promote the collaboration and strategic alliances between research groups. As a result, a committee with representatives from each country was set up seeking to organize a second LAMLIBS meeting. Our aim is to apply spectroscopy in the use and management of local natural resources and the preservation of local cultural heritage. IUPAC contributed extensively with the CSI XLI-I LAMLIBS conference by means of its Program Financial Support for Conferences for Scientifically Emerging Regions (FSC-SER). The IUPAC support allowed the attendance of one invited researcher from Argentina and 10 students from Latin America countries. The President of the IUPAC Analytical Chemistry Division and CSI's Continuation Committee member, Zoltan Mester, gave a plenary lecture about the new definition of the mole, which gathered large interest from the conference participants. The National Delegate's Meeting of CSI XLI was held during the conference, where it was unanimously decided that Japan will host the CSI 2023. The next edition of the CSI in 2021 will be held in Gijon, Spain chaired by the Professor Jose Manuel Costa from the University of Oviedo to continue with the important tradition to share frontier knowledge around spectroscopy. In addition to the academic activities, cultural and social activities were performed to better know the wide cultural heritage of Mexico and to celebrate the diversity of the different participants from all over the world.


Discovering the first generation of stars and galaxies is one of the highest-priority areas in modern astrophysics, creating a strong demand for greater sensitivity and resolution (spatial and spectral) in new astronomical telescopes. Consequently, there is a need for increasing the size of the collecting area of the telescopes (implying larger and larger mirrors) and for improving the performance of the instruments detecting the collected photons. Limitations on how much mass the telescopes can carry puts a severe constraint on the very-complex new generation of astronomical instruments. Traditionally, aluminum or steel have been used for their basic support structure. However, CFRP offers a great range of attractive possibilities for designing a basic material with desired mechanical properties. A CFRP laminate can be designed to have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and a very high stiffness, which combined with a very low density, results in smaller deformations and higher eigenfrequencies than equivalent aluminum or steel structures. CFRP in plate structures already has good properties, but lattice structures offer the possibility of optimizing materials for specific purposes. Since these structures carry loads in just one direction, the laminate properties need only be optimized in the axial direction. The properties are determined by the type of fibers and resin, the fiber volume content, the lay up angle distributions, and the layer thicknesses. By choosing these parameters properly, it is possible to design a laminate with better stiffness than steel, or a CTE close to zero with one-fifth the density of steel. Even negative CTE is obtainable, making it possible to compensate for other components of the structure with a positive CTE. To illustrate how much can be gained by changing to a CFRP structure, we examined the design of the X-Shooter on the ESO Figure 1. Backbone as a carbon fiber reinforced plastic lattice structure.


The remoteness problem arises when loss caused by a negligent act falls outside of and beyond the foreseeable risk that is the foundation for the finding of fault. If a negligent defendant was liable only for the foreseeable risk the plaintiff would have to bear the extended losses caused by the defendant's negligence. If on the other hand if the defendants had to bear the unforeseeable losses resulting from their negligent acts, the extent of their liability would for exceed their degree of fault, particularly where the risk they created was of a minor nature. The evolution of the law of negligence has been a dialectical struggle between a test of liability for only those damages that fall within the boundaries of the initial risk and the test of a reasonable causation or causal connection. The test of reasonable foreseeability draws the boundaries of recovery too narrowly and the test of approximate cause too widely. Whichever test the courts apply, the outcomes suggest a particular pattern. A loss that is not foreseeable in the particular situation of the parties, but is foreseeable as a kind of event that can follow a negligent act, such as a loss arising from medical complication, would not be found too remote, but a loss which is not foreseeable as a member of a class would be too remote, whether or not the court uses the test of forseeabability or of proximate cause.


The purpose of this project was to compare the properties of different mixes of concrete produced with natural aggregate and produced using recycled aggregate, with 20% and 100% replacement by weight, and with 0% and 35% PFA replacement. Concrete cubes, concrete cylinders and concrete prisms were cast for testing. The compressive strength of concrete at 7 and 28 days of age of concrete was determined. Accelerated bulk diffusion and profile grinding test were adopted to study chloride penetration. Shrinkage test was used to monitor the dimensioual change of the specimens. Slump test was measured to indicate the change of workability. Other general properties of concrete were also studied such as young modulus of elasticity, water absorption and shrinkage. The results showed that there is no noticeable difference of the properties of concrete with 20% recycled aggregate from that of natural aggregate concrete. However, the difference is significant for concrete with 100% recycled aggregate replacement. Page2 of 13 Last printed 15/S/2007 lS:20 Durability of RA Concrete Study Repon·v2 V n 1


The harmonious consumption is the inevitably request and the important constituent of the socialism and harmonious society,on the harmonious consumption natural environment aspect,must conform to the requirement that the person and the nature harmoniously is together,make the consumer lives natural environment realizated the good ecology goal.According to the harmonious idea and the sustainable development theory,the humanity should handle kindly the nature,realizes the person and the natural harmonious relations.And realizes the human society sustainable need to develop for the environmental protection goal,should to destroy the natural environment resources and the economic activities by the strict limit,to carry on the strict protection about the natural resource and the citizen environment power which the environment expends.


This paper proposes a detection application for crowd control. Detecting objects is mainly to identify pedestrians at close range. The deep learning network uses Yolo-like. And change Yolo-like[1] into a network architecture that only recognizes pedestrians at close distances. The hardware uses Convolution and Detection Layer IP hardware accelerators. And realize the function of Maxpooling and Shortcut on FPGA platform. The FPGA platform is Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC ZCU102 Evaluation Kit. Finally, the FPGA platform uses HDMI to display the recognition results that only detect pedestrians at close distances. Achieve the detection effect of crowd control.


Abstract Salinity distributions, dye release studies, and parameter estimation techniques are used to determine the longitudinal (or tidal) dispersion coefficient in the Plum Island Sound estuary in north-eastern Massachusetts, U.S.A. A one-dimensional, intertidal, advection–dispersion model is used to test the validity of the steady-state assumption employed to estimate tidal dispersion from salinity. It is found that salinity distributions in the upper Parker River can take months to relax to steady state under low freshwater discharge conditions, so that dispersion cannot be reliably estimated using the steady-state assumption. To overcome this problem, dye release studies and parameter estimation techniques are used to determine the functionality of the dispersion coefficient that produces the best fit between the observed salinity profiles, dye plumes and model output under transient conditions for the period between 28 April 1992 and 12 April 1995. The estimated dispersion coefficient is found to be a hyperbolic function of distance from the head of the estuary and varies from an average of 3·6 m 2  s −1 in the upper Parker River (0–5·2 km) to an average of 670 m 2  s −1 in Plum Island Sound (14·3–24 km). The advection–dispersion model is also used to investigate three characteristic mixing-time scales involving average age, average residence time and average transit time (also called turnover or flushing time) for freshwater and saltwater sources in defined subsections of the estuary. It is found that these time scales can vary from a few hours to 3 months depending on location and freshwater discharge. Transport in the upper Parker River can be either advection or dispersion dominated depending on discharge, while Plum Island Sound is always dominated by dispersive terms. Tidal channel morphometry leads to a very dynamic system in the upper Parker River that significantly impacts ecological processes in the region. We discuss the relevance and appropriate application of the three characteristic mixing-time scales to ecological processes.


Pulmonary hypertension(PH) is characterized by sustained increase of pulmonary arterial pressure and eventually leading to right heart failure. PH is caused by heterogeneous diseases and different pathogenesis. PH is still incurable and fatal, although current treatments alleviated some symptoms and prolonged survival. Therefore, it is urgent to discover novel targets for safe and effective therapy. The renin-angiotensin system(RAS) is mainly composed by the vaso-constrictive and proliferative axis called as ACE-Ang Ⅱ-AT1R, and the vaso-protective and anti-proliferative axis called as ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas. The dysfunction ACE-AngⅡ-AT1R axis, has been implicated as a causative factor in the pathogenesis of PH. While because it can antagonize the function of ACE-AngⅡ-AT1R axis, ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis may be a novel target in PH treatment.

Key words:
Pulmonary hypertension; Renin-angiotensin system


Anelpistina acanthocrus, n. sp. (Insecta: Zygentoma: Nicoletiidae) from a cave in Oaxaca, Mexico, is described. The new troglobitic species differs from other described species by the presence of pegs or spines on the legs.


The case is described of a 72‐year‐old woman with orbital metastatic breast carcinoma which presented as enophthalmos. It is stressed that any change in the state of bulging of the eyes, e. g. the appearance of a unilateral enophthalmos, may constitute a useful indication of orbital metastasis in patients with breast carcinoma.


The heparin-binding fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family plays important roles in the embryonic growth and development of the heart. FGF-16 expression is reported to be cardiac-specific, with significant induction at birth. This suggests a role for FGF-16 in the postnatal heart and thus its regulation and the mechanisms underlying spatial and temporal control of FGF-16 gene expression are of interest. We hypothesize that spatial control of FGF-16 occurs at the transcriptional level through cardiac-specific promoter activity. Genomic sequences ( 6 kb) upstream of the ATG start codon of the murine FGF-16 gene were cloned. A combination of RNA blotting and RT-PCR was used to localize a putative promoter region including CCAAT and TATAA sequences. The transcription initiation site was identified 1073 bp upstream of the ATG codon in this region by primer extension, and was designated nucleotide 1. To test FGF-16 promoter function, a series of hybrid luciferase reporter genes was generated with varying lengths of upstream flanking FGF-16 sequences. These genes (-4.7, -2.7, -1.2 and -0.2FGF-16p.GFP/Luc) were used to transiently transfect neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and rat glial (C6) cells. A Renilla luciferase gene was co-transfected as a control for DNA uptake. Hybrid -4.7, -2.7 and -1.2FGF-16p.GFP/Luc genes were expressed significantly above 'background' promoterless gene (-pGFP/Luc) levels in transfected cardiomyocytes; no activity of -0.2FGF16p.GFP/Luc was observed. No significant expression above 'background' levels was seen for any hybrid FGF-16/luciferase gene in transfected C6 cells. These data suggest that the FGF-16 promoter is located 1073 bp upstream of coding sequences and contained within 1.2 kb of upstream flanking sequences. Furthermore, sequences located between -1.2 and -0.2 kb are required for cardiac-specific expression. To test the FGF-16 promoter region for activity in vivo, transgenic mice containing a hybrid -galactosidase reporter gene directed by 4.7 kb of upstream FGF-16 sequences (equivalent to -4.7FGF-16p.GFP/Luc) were generated by pronuclear injection. Preliminary data from one line (FB-06; 6wks) suggest the FGF-16 sequence contains promoter activity and works preferentially in the postnatal heart in vivo.


Background: Background: Since prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis (pre-PMF) was recognized as a separate enti-ty in the 2016 revised classification of MPN differed from essential thrombocythemia (ET) or overt fibrotic primary myelofibrosis (overt PMF), it has been a subject of de-bate among experts due to its indefinite diagnosis. Aims: Aims: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in China, including 56 ET pa-tients, 19 pre-PMF patients, and 43 overt PMF patients. Methods: Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with BCR-ABL-negative MPN from October 2014 to May 2021 in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Patients who were diagnosed with ET, pre-PMF or overt PMF according to the 2016 WHO revised Classification of MPN were included. Patients with incomplete information from laboratory tests and medical records were excluded. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistics 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0 software. Results: Results: Pre-PMF patients exhibited higher leukocyte counts[14.2(6.0-28.1)×109/L vs 9.6(4.0-55.0)×109/L, P=0.003], LDH values[307(233-479)U/L vs 241(129-1182)U/L, P<0.001], onset ages[67(32-76)years vs 50(16-79) years,


The calculations of energy consumption of heat, water and electricity by air conditioning systems, which provide the outdoor air processing according to different schemes, can be made only on the basis of data on the frequency of combinations of the outdoor air temperature and its relative humidity. The probabilistic-statistical climate model has been chosen as the basis for the calculation results. On the basis of climatic models for Moscow, the outdoor air treatment in the air conditioning units, which operate according to the schemes of the direct flow with the first and second heating, as well as the adiabatic process in the humidifier unit in the cold period of the year and cooling in the surface air cooler in the warm period of the year with the subsequent second heating; with the first heating and the adiabatic process in the humidifier unit, equipped with an air bypass in the cold period of the year, as well as the controlled cooling process in the surface air cooler in the warm period of the year. As a result of the calculations it was found that all the components of energy costs are quite significant and cannot be neglected when comparing the options.


This research attempts to provide insights into the argumentation structures in the discussion of Islam on social media involving 14 Malaysian former Muslims. The social media accounts of the participants were observed for 12 months, from January to December 2019. A total of 368 postings put forth arguments related to Islamic authoritative discourse, the Quran and "Sunnah" of the Prophet Muhammad, to justify their renunciation of the Muslim religion. The analysis revealed that the Level 2 argument, which includes the claim, data to support the claim, and the warrant, was identified as the most common argument structure. Level 5, which has more than one rebuttal, was the least common argument structure. The analysis shows that most argument structures were at the lower levels (1–3) in that they offered no strong, clearly identifiable rebuttals. This study concludes that the arguments put forth by former Muslims, in the main, are loosely constructed rather than attempts to build a strong cumulative argumentation to support their reasons for abandoning the Muslim faith.


In risk management, risk measurement plays an important role in allocating capital as well as in controlling (and avoiding) worse risk. Estimating the risk value can be done by using a risk measure. The most popular method for evaluating risk is Value at Risk (VaR). But VaR does not fulfill the coherency as a measure of risk effectiveness. In this paper, we propose Expected Shortfall (ES) which has coherency nature. ES is defined as the conditional expectation of losses beyond VaR of the same confidence level over the same holding period. For measuring ES, we use Monte-Carlo Simulation Method. This method is applied for measuring risk that will be faced by corn's farmers due to the changes in corn prices in Pemalang city. The results show that the ES value is 0.085472 at 95% confidence level and one-month holding period. This number means that a farmer will face 8.5472% of investment as maximum loss exceeding of VaR.


Semi-tensor product (STP) method of matrices has received more and more attention from the communities of both engineering and economics in recent years. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on the applications of STP method in the theory of networked evolutionary games. In the beginning, some preliminary results on STP method are recalled. Then, the applications of STP method in many kinds of networked evolutionary games, such as general networked evolutionary games, networked evolutionary games with finite memories, networked evolutionary games defined on finite networks, and random networked evolutionary games, are reviewed. Finally, several research problems in the future are predicted.


In the present study, rice husk was modified with 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 molar sodium bicarbonate solution and used to remove cadmium ions from synthetic wastewater with 0.1 mgL-1 cadmium ion concentration. Batch studies showed that the equilibrium time for sorption of cadmium ions by modified rice husk was 1.5 h for all adsorbents used. Results of the study clearly indicated that Lagergren's pseudo first-order and Ho's pseudo second-order equations modeled well the kinetics of sorption of synthetic wastewater by modified rice husk. Batch isotherm experiments showed that, in general, the most appropriate isotherm for cadmium ion adsorption by all adsorbents was the Freundlich model. The results of the study also showed that the modified rice husk was an excellent medium for treating cadmium-contaminated wastewaters.


This paper describes the mycological examination of patients admitted to the department of dermatology of Kahramanmarafl State Hospital. One hundred and seventy samples of finger nails, hairs and skin were collected from patients suspected of having fungal diseases and were examined under a light microscope after being treated with 15-20% KOH solution. It was observed that 68 of the 170 samples contained fungal hyphae and arthrospores, while 62 samples were free of these. Forty samples were observed to have Malasezia furfur. The samples containing M. furfur were not subjected to a culture medium. Of the 130 cultured samples, 68 had dermatophyte; 7 had T. rubrum + Candida sp and 16 had Candida sp. samples displayed no reproduction. In the 86 samples which displayed reproduction in culture media, the distribution of the fungal species was found to be as follows: 48 had T. rubrum, 5 had T. mentagrophytes, 4 had M. canis, 3 had E. floccosum, 2 had T. violaceum, 1 had T. verrucosum, 7 had T. rubrum + Candida sp., and 16 had Candida sp.


130% after 6 days of water deprivation. Experiments with perfused tissue, however,indicated that this increase in enzyme activity was caused by an increase in the bloodcontent of the neural lobe.An increased release of oxytocin, vasopressinand neurophysins from the axonal endingswithin the infundibular process of the neurohy-pophysis can be induced by various experi-mental and physiologic conditions, e.g., os-motic stress, parturition and lactation (6).During this increased release, morphologicchanges can be observed in the pituicytes ofthe posterior lobe. These changes, indicativefor an activation, include increased mitoticactivity (9, 12, 15, 21), hypertrophy of the nu-cleus and cell body (9, 12, 15, 21) and a largeincrease in cytoplasmic lipid granules (9, 15).Pituicytes are described as glial cells (7).The enzyme carbonic anhydrase is consid-ered to be a marker of the glial elements ofbrain tissue (5). The role of the high enzymelevel in glial cells, however, is not completelyunderstood (for a review see Reference 16).The neurohypophysis seems to be a goodmodel for studying the cellular and metabolicinteractions between glial cells (pituicytes) andneurons (neurosecretory neurons), because thissystem can be simply activated under theabove mentioned circumstances of the animal(25). Changes in neurohypophysial carbonicanhydrase activity in conditions of activatedaxonal hormone release may be interpreted asan indicator of the activity of the pituicytesand their response to axonal (neuronal) ac-tivity. The measurement of carbonic anhy-drase as a glial marker in the neurohypohysisof the rat requires a micromethod.Two microassays have been described in theliterature, i.e., the manometric Cartesian divertechnique (5) and the colorimetric micro-method of Mattenheimer and deBruin (20).The latter method was used in the presentstudy because of its simplicity, as compared tothe diver technique, and its proved reliability


The integrated waveform of radar and communication is very important in the integrated system design. Thus, this paper explores significant work on the waveform design. Base on the integrated waveform principle, this paper presents the concrete implementation of the integrated waveform in detail including the total hardware, modulation and demodulation design, proposes two methods to implement the integrated system, and compares the merit and the demerit of two methods, and analyzes the key technologies in implementing the integrated waveform. Finally some simulation results are given and discussed.


Maps Introduction 1. Why Did It Begin? 2. How the War Began 3. War Fever? 4. Elusive Victory 5. The Widened War 6. Home Fronts and the Test of War 7. The Problems of the Offensive 8. 1916, The Killing Fields 9. 1917, Germany's Victory in the East 10. The War at Sea 11. The Final Struggle 12. The Peace that Did Not Bring an End to War Conclusion: The War in European Memory Notes Select Bibliography Index


Despite its renewed interest, remote sensing of explosives has proven to be difficult due to the low vapor pressure of the agents. In this paper we discuss a method to detect residue of explosive agents on fabric and clothing using Multi Spectral Imaging. Such a technique will aid in the detection of bomb making activities and individuals. While limited to line of sight only, Multi Spectral Imaging has much to recommend it including inspection of clothing in public places, luggage, and potential locations for bomb manufacture. This paper presents the basic techniques developed for detection of trace TNT and reports the results of several limited field trials. Imaging hardware is discussed and processing methodology is reviewed with some demonstrations of the identification difficulty for explosives and other false targets commonly found. The use of other spectral bands is presented with the goal of eliminating common false targets.


IEEE 802.16e is a telecommunication standard technology designed to support a wide variety of multimedia applications. It defines five service classes, each one with its respective QoS requirements, but does not define the scheduling algorithm for these service classes. In this paper, an adaptive packet scheduling algorithm for the uplink traffic in IEEE 802.16e networks is proposed. This algorithm is designed to be completely dynamic, mainly in networks that use various modulation and coding schemes (MCSs). The algorithm is applied directly to the bandwidth request queues in the base station (BS) and aims at supporting the real‐time and non‐real‐time applications. Using a cross‐layer approach and the states of the bandwidth request queues in the BS, a new deadlines based scheme was defined, aiming at limiting the maximum delay to the real‐time applications. Moreover, this algorithm interacts with the polling management mechanisms of the BS and controls the periodicity of sending unicast polling to the real‐time and non‐real‐time service connections, in accordance with the QoS requirements of the applications. The proposed algorithm was evaluated by means of modeling and simulation in environments where various MCSs were used and also in environments where only one type of modulation was used. The simulations showed satisfactory results in both environments. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In Biopolitical Media: Catastrophe, Immunity and Bare Life, Allen Meek examines the development of media through a biopolitical lens, arguing that the circulation of imagery since the 1840s is implicated in the systematic cataloguing of human life, the increasingly mechanised mass slaughter of animals and humans and biological conceptions of life and death. Ruth Garland finds that while this complex and fascinating interrogation may not always fully convince, it will encourage readers to critically examine how images of violence and catastrophe exercise power over our lives.


Sterile preparation packaging materials such as infusions are often used PVC (polyvinyl chloride), in addition to pp (Polypropylene). Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a material widely used for intravenous infusion tubes for drug administration in clinical practice and blood bags for blood storage after blood collection. Recently, it was found that the addition of a layer in polyethylene (PE) extruded together in a PVC infusion tube appears to reduce the release of plasticizer19, but the influence of other coextruded materials such as polyurethane on plasticizer release has not been studied. Most PVC infusion tubes contain di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) as a plasticizer to give the infusion tube flexibility. There have been many reports of toxic effects of DEHP being released from PVC tubes during intravenous infusions of aqueous drug solutions. This study aims to describe PVC and PP packaging materials in sterile preparations through the results of previous studies. Obtained 4 articles analyzed with a systematic review process. It was found that PP packaging and non-PVC packaging in sterile preparations for infusion are better used compared to the use of PVC-made packaging which has disadvantages due to high levels of insulin adsorption.


The article is devoted to the problem of applying the maximum principle for finding optimal control parameters in simulation tasks of interest for a variety of engineering and industrial systems and processes. Especially important is the problem for such systems where it is practically impossible to organize a control system because of an unknown model or because it is impossible to strictly follow the specified trajectories of control parameters in each particular case. A so-called delta-procedure is constructed that converges and allows one to obtain an approximation and optimal control of the system in a finite number of steps with a given accuracy delta. The theorem on the delta-procedure is proved and illustrative examples are given. Some features of the application of the proposed algorithm to real problems of simulation control are discussed, e.g. the optimal number of points dividing the time interval under consideration, and tasks for further individual research.


Contractor prequalification involves screening candidate contractors, based on a set of criteria established by each project owner. A computer program, QUALIFIER‐1, has been developed to aid in this task. The decision parameters imbedded in the program are based on the results of an extensive study of prequalification factors. The model implemented in this program is a linear combination of decision criteria. This program calculates an aggregate weighted rating for each candidate contractor, based on the input ratings for each decision factor. The obtained aggregate weighted ratings are rank‐ordered, and relevant statistics are provided. A facility to review the rating input of each decision factor for a candidate contractor, along with statistical parameters describing the complete sample, are computed to facilitate prequalification decision making. QUALIFIER‐1 can benefit construction owners by providing a structured, systematic, rational approach to the analysis of contractors' credentials and the preq...


A cavitation susceptibility meter has been used by the US Navy for 16 years to measure the tensile strength of water in the NSWCCD water tunnels, Lake Pend Oreille in Idaho, Exuma Sound in the Bahama Islands, the Pacific Ocean along the US West Coast, and the North Atlantic Ocean. This meter measures the variation of cavitation nuclei with water tension. Using the bubble stability equation, these tensions are related to equivalent size bubbles to produce a spectrum of bubble concentration versus bubble size. This paper compares these nuclei sizes in the lake and ocean waters. Results of bubble dynamics calculations show a relationship for estimating the nuclei effect on scaling that is separate from the viscous effects on the pressure fields. The influence of these nuclei variations on cavitation inception scaling are discussed for a hypothetical propeller tip vortex cavity. The scaling of two model inception conditions are studied for nuclei variations in the model environment as well as variations in the full-scale environment. The sizes of the nuclei in the two environments differ, but the resulting effects on inception are predicted to be minor, and this trend may be globally true for nuclei variations within natural water bodies. The variations illustrated may be minor compared to the nuclei effect for scaling water tunnel model tests to full-scale. 1. Introduction When a marine propeller operates at high speed, cavitation can occur. Typically the cavitation begins in the vortices that trail off the tips of the blades, then at higher speeds or loadings, the cavitation can occur on the blade surfaces. Because the noise radiated from the cavitation can reveal a ship's position and interfere with the sonar, prediction of the onset speed of tip vortex cavitation is of major interest in naval engineering. The cavitation performance is predicted from model test results that are scaled to full-scale, but this scaling also involves viscous and nuclei effects that are difficult to quantify yet significantly affect the predicted values.


This chapter discusses the advantages of DTN (delay/disruption-tolerant networking) when applied to satellite communications, considering GEO (geosynchronous) and LEO (low earth orbit) constellations. The chapter analyses the challenges of GEO communications and shows how the DTN architecture can be interpreted as an elegant architectural extension of TCP- splitting PEPs, with the same excellent goodput performance but with better robustness and superior compatibility with security protocols. It examines LEO constellations and highlights the advantages offered by some Bundle Protocol features, such as scheduled links, and by CGR (contact graph routing), a DTN routing algorithm designed by NASA to cope with intermittent scheduled connectivity typical of both LEO satellite and deep space communications. Results prove that the DTN architecture, although still experimental, is mature enough for real deployment.


Yeast is the main protagonist of the alcoholic fermentation and, together with the grape juice quality, determines the final wine characteristics. Responding to the consumer requests of more "natural" wine products without additives that keep sensory characteristics of the production area, the most challenging enology is focused to perform spontaneous fermentation in which the interactions among autochthonous microorganisms present in must determine better sensory characteristics, traditionally related to the production area.
In this context the first part of this thesis project was developed. This involved the inoculum of autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, isolated in the winemaking area of Prosecco Superiore di Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, in two vineyards belonging to this production area, one cultivated using conventional practices and the other grown under organic farming methods. Their ability to colonize the vineyard was assessed and spontaneous fermentations with grapes coming from the inoculated vine rows were performed. The results of barks sampling performed for two consecutive years showed that the presence of inoculated strains in the vineyard was very poor and limited to the first six months after treatment, regardless of the cells concentration of the inoculated suspension. Similar results were obtained when the strains present in the fermenting grape musts, during spontaneous vinifications performed in the two vintages, were genetically characterized. A very small percentage was identified as to be some of the inoculated strains. Surprisingly, the fermenting grape musts were colonized mainly by commercial strains, used from the local wineries, present on grape bunches at harvest.
With the aim to understand the interaction mechanisms that occur among different S. cerevisiae strains during alcoholic fermentation, eight autochthonous strains (among them the five yeast released in vineyard were present) were pairwise inoculated in synthetic must. The kinetics produced by the co-fermentations not always reproduced those of the dominant strains when evaluated in single-strain fermentations, but on the contrary, the presence of a second strain deeply influences the fermentation kinetics, improving or sometime worsening the fermentation trend. The best competitor was a strain with neutral killer phenotype. These results highlight the existence of other factors than the killer character involved in must colonization.
In the last part of this thesis work the hypothesis if the must colonization ability could depends on yeast nutrient request that influence the nutrient availability to the rest of microbiota, was tested. Therefore the nitrogen request of the wine industrial strain QA23 was investigated in comparison with those of three autochthonous S. cerevisiae strains chosen among the yeasts previously tested in co-fermentations in synthetic must. In order to investigate if different nitrogen needs could influence colonization ability during must fermentation, pairwise strain fermentations were performed in synthetic must with high and low nitrogen level. Results suggested a strong implication of nitrogen assimilation ability on must colonization. The strain with highest nitrogen demand is the one that strongest opposed to QA23 colonization. During the fermentation its colonization ability increased, indicating better performance when nitrogen was depleted.
The knowledge of the specific phenotypic characteristics of the strains, besides the genetic characterization, proved to be crucial to understand and control the composition of the microbial flora presents in the must and in the vineyard environment. The management of the colonization dynamics is proposed as powerful tool in the hands of winemakers and valid alternative to the use of additives in winemaking.
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae after about 7000 years remains the main protagonist of winemaking and the maintenance of its biodiversity proved to be the key to guarantee the production of wines with new sensory characteristics.


The National Research Council of Canada provides extensive facilities at the Low Temperature Laboratory of the Mechanical Engineering Division, Ottawa, for the study of the effect of cold on men, materials and equipment. Among the problems investigated by the laboratory are the maintenance of various types of engine at low temperatures; heating systems for vehicles and buildings; the effect of cold on aircraft control systems and on storage batteries; cold weather clothing; human reactions to cold; and the production of artificial precipitation. It is possible to produce any desired combination of temperature and wind, and tests can be accurately controlled. Refrigeration is provided by a direct expansion ammonia system with six reciprocating compressors driven by electric motors. The hot gases thus produced are liquefied in water condensers, and the liquid is pumped to evaporation coils in the cold chambers, where heat is absorbed in evaporating the liquid ammonia. The gaseous ammonia is returned to the compressors. The flow of liquid ammonia to the evaporator coils is controlled by a solenoid valve and thermostat. Air is circulated across the coils by powerful fans to ensure a uniform temperature in the chamber and a rapid response to any change in temperature. The capacity of the system is 250 tons, with a total driving power of 1000 h.p. For defrosting, or raising the temperature, hot gases may be pumped directly to the" coils. Three cold chambers are available: two 10 ft. long x 10 ft. wide x 8 ft. high, and one 51 ft. long x 15 ft. wide x 15 ft. high. The latter may be divided into two independent sections of equal size. The chambers are constructed of


The utility model relates to a multi-way distributing valve, which is mainly composed of an electric motor, a speed reducer, a valve body, a valve cover, a distributing plate, etc. The distributing plate arranged on the output axle of the speed reducer is in the structure with the shape of Chinese character tu and the distributing plate is provided with a groove forming the shape of Chinese character tu. The valve body is also provided with a ring groove on the corresponding position of the ring groove forming the shape of Chinese character tu of the distributing plate and a plurality of radial holes are also provided, wherein, one radial hole is communicated with the ring groove of the valve body and the other radial holes are respectively communicated with each axial hole. The position of each axial hole is corresponding to the position of the semicircle hole of the end groove forming the shape of Chinese character tu on the distributing plate. The advantage of the scheme is that the pipeline of a multi-opening oil well can be simultaneously connected. The defect of multiple valves and multiple pipelines of the original measurement room is changed to be convenient for realizing automatic position selection and measurement. The utility model provides a new executing component of the automatic measurement of the oil well.


HR planning is a systematic process used to predict the demand and supply of HR in the future. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of the human resource management process in terms of the planning, recruitment and selection system at the East Halmahera Regency Health Office. This type of research is qualitative research. Informants in this study are structural officials of the East Halmahera Regency Health Office including 2 district heads, 3 heads, 9 section heads, 2 Community Health Center heads plus 1 structural officer who is competent to provide information regarding research objectives, while the department head has the role as a key informant who is a policymaker at the health service level. The results showed that the planning of health human resources in the East Halmahera Health Service did not meet the requirements both in terms of number, types, and qualifications of education in terms of recruitment of health human resources could not answer the required number, type and qualifications of education based on the analysis of personnel needs and based on health HR Selection in the East Halmahera Health Office it is not implemented properly in the HR management process. Need to improve the process of human resource management in East Halmahera Health Office so that it can meet the requirements both in terms of number, type, and qualifications of education.


Let G be an abelian reductive algebraic group defined over a field of characteristic 0. Let V and Ṽ be G-representation spaces. We assume that Ṽ is a direct sum of one-dimensional G-representation spaces. We show that up to the G-equivalence, G-equivariant embeddings V → Ṽ bijectively correspond to the sequences ∆ = (δ1, . . . , δm) having slice systems where m = dim V and δi's are semi-invariant, mutually commuting locally nilpotent derivations of some form on a polynomial ring B with a linear (G ×Gm)-action. For a sequence ∆ as above, the intersection B ∆ of the kernels of δi for 1 ≤ i ≤ m inherits the (G × Gm)-action on B. We show that B is a polynomial ring with semi-invariant coordinates if and only if the G-equivariant embedding associated to ∆ is equivariantly rectifiable. Our results are the equivariant extension of [9].


This paper introduces the design and fabrication of energy harvesters for the power generation from human body motion. Two alternative strategies are compared: piezoelectric and magnetic inductive. The generated energy is used to supply body sensors including accelerometers and temperature sensors and RF module. Two prototypes of the magnetic based generator and of the piezoelectric generator are built and tested with shaker at resonance condition and by dedicated bench reproducing joints rotation during walking. The experimental results show that the magnetic prototype can generate 0.7mW from human body motion, while the piezo harvester generates 0.22 and 0.33μW respectively for flexion and extension at angular velocity lower than 1rad/s and 45° amplitude.


We present a study of the range molecular interactions inside layers in smectic phases Α and I of PBnA (phenyl-4 benzylidene 4'-alkylaniline) liquid crystals family. The purpose of this work is to determine the correlation length of the molecules, gravity centers in existing domain of smectic phases and at the transition between them. We used X-rays in-plane peaks of the pattern diffraction of aligned sample by a magnetic field. PACS numbers: 61.30.-v, 61.10.—i, 64.70.Md, 61.30.Gd


A small-signal model is presented for an average current-mode controlled two module DC–DC converter feeding a common resistive load. The recently proposed parallel input/series output buck-based converter works in the continuous conduction mode and uses magnetic coupling between the separate output filter inductors. The sampling effect of current mode control is included in the development of the model which makes it valid up to half the switching frequency. All of the converter power stage transfer functions are analytically expressed, and the effect of the coupling coefficient on the small-signal characteristics is examined. It is found that without damping the natural frequencies of the output filter, the current-mode control scheme loses its superiority over voltage-mode control when the coupling coefficient is increased above a certain level. The converter model is implemented using both MATLAB and the evaluation version of PSPICE.


Selective XAFS measurements of 0.6–3.0 wt% V sites on/in TiO2 were enabled utilizing a fluorescence spectrometer. The V sites were VIV species in the case of high-surface-area V-TiO2 in contrast to VV species in the case of conventional V/TiO2 catalysts, V supported on HSA-TiO2, and V-TiO2 prepared in the absence of dodecylamine (general sol-gel method).


Cooperative advertising is an important mechanism used by manufacturers to influence retailers' promotional decisions. In a typical arrangement, the manufacturer agrees to reimburse a fraction of a retailer's advertising cost, known as the subsidy rate. We consider a case of new product adoption of a durable good with retail oligopoly, in which a manufacturer sells through a number of independent and competing retailers. We model the problem as a Stackelberg differential game with the manufacturer as the leader and the retailers as followers. The manufacturer announces his subsidy rates for the retailers, and the retailers in response play a Nash differential game to increase their cumulative sales and choose their optimal advertising efforts. We obtain feedback Stackelberg strategies consisting of manufacturer's subsidy rates and retailers' optimal advertising efforts. We obtain the conditions under which it is optimal for the manufacturer to not offer any advertising subsidy and study the role of retail competition on the manufacturer's subsidy rates decisions. For a special case of two retailers, using a linear demand formulation, we present managerial insights on issues such as: dependence of subsidy rates on key model parameters, impact on channel profits and channel coordination, and finally, a case of an anti-discrimination legislation which restricts the manufacturer to offer equal subsidy rates to the two retailers.


There is provided a decoration piece in which the dye in the clothing or object is prevented from being migrated to the piece, in which the constituent members are not separated, and in which it can be prepared by high-frequency induction heating. A decoration piece comprises: a design piece (3) made of thermoplastic synthetic resin formed with a design and having an outer profile line; a lower layer (7); and a dye migration preventing layer (5) arranged between the design piece (3) and the lower layer (7), said dye migration preventing layer (5) having an outer profile same as that of said design piece (3), said dye migration preventing layer (5) capable of being adhered to both said design piece (3) and the lower layer (7), said dye migration preventing layer (5) capable of preventing any migrating of dye. The dye migration preventing layer (5) comprises a dye migration preventing film (51) made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polyamide MXD6, or a dye migration preventing film (151) made of polyvinylidene chloride.


This article mainly presents applications of previously derived formulas by the author to experimental systems whereby the Markovian and non-Markovian multimode Brownian oscillator (MBO) model and their consequent dynamics are explored. These applications include computing the zero-phonon line (ZPL) widths of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulphonate (APT) in glassy films of water and ethanol, which are compared to those of the Ohmic MBO model-calculated ZPL widths at different temperatures. The analytical forms of the ZPL width and Franck–Condon factors (FCF) derived from the high-temperature limit underdamped MBO model absorption line shape (Toutounji, Chem Phys, 2003, 293, 311) are recovered from the finite-temperature MBO model, which includes Matsubara terms (Toutounji and Small, J Chem Phys, 2002, 117, 3848). As the applicability of the Ohmic MBO model at low temperatures is questionable, the corresponding low-temperature (T) Markovian dynamics is discussed. A formula for the Ohmic MBO model ZPL FCF at T = 0 is presented. It is established that this formula reduces to e−S, S is Huang–Rhys factor, at T = 0, which further ratifies our previous conclusion (Toutounji and Small, J Chem Phys, 2002, 117, 3848) that the bath modes are completely thwarted from contributing to the ZPL profile at this T. Hayes–Small theory of linear absorption and hole-burning line shapes is discussed and compared to that of the MBO model and other line shapes. Overdamped Ohmic MBO model is briefly discussed. Illustrative calculations are presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009


International Journal of Information Systems and Engineering aims to include peer review articles informing  of state of the art research and developments within the fields of Information Systems and Engineering and it is online as well as print journal bearing ISSN number and indexed at various portals The primary goal of the editorial team is  to maintain high quality publications. From time to time, the Journal will publish review articles and bring out special issues on specific sub-fields.


The thesis elaborates that the myoporthosis causes the near-point farther while hypermetropia correction causes the dis- tant-point nearer;therfore,it draws a conclusion that the compound visual correction can take effect only for the low-grade shortsighted patient.


Despite a growing body of research about the design and use of Smart Personal Assistants, existing work has mainly focused on their use as task support for individual users in rather simple problem scenarios. Less is known about their ability to improve collaboration among multiple users in more complex problem settings. In our study, we directly compare 21 groups who either use a Smart Personal Assistant tutor or a human tutor when solving a problem task. The results indicate that groups interacting with Smart Personal Assistant tutors show significantly higher task outcomes and higher degrees of collaboration quality compared to groups interacting with human tutors. The results are used to suggest areas for future research in the field of computer-supported collaboration.


There is provided a test device and a method for testing a semiconductor integrated circuit that enables simplified operation and improved usefulness of BOST device and shortening a test time. Numerical codes are assigned tests. A test device contains a memory and an analysis section. A test device table are set in the hardware requirements, which are necessary for performing an assay based on a numeric code is stored in memory. The test requirements that correspond to a numeric code that is read from the memory, whereafter a test is carried out. An analysis section analyzes a digital test output signal and sends the result of the analysis to an external controller.


Much has been said about teacher formation. This is not a new speech; however, it is gaining new contours every day, as there is a latent concern about teacher formation. This concern is not only related to the legitimacy of this formation, but to the way it is taking place, its real conditions and its scenarios. The debate on teacher formation has always been present in the Brazilian educational scenario, revolving around teaching, the curriculum, the teacher-student relationship, the teaching and learning process and the articulation between theory and practice. Thus, we bring to the focus of our discussion the political, economic, cultural and social context in which these relationships take place. The transformations that have been taking place worldwide, especially those related to the phenomenon of globalization, scientific and technological advances, in addition to the adherence to a neoliberal project for education, bring with it an immediate and urgent demand for the professionalization of teaching. All of this motivates the questioning regarding the formation and performance of teachers in the face of the challenges imposed by capitalist society.


Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoeae and different anerobic and aerobic bacteria are the leading etiologic factors of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the US. The microbes ascend from the cervix into the uterus and fallopian tubes especially during menses in women with gonorrhea and/or chlamydia. Sexual activity in teenagers IUD insertion and previous episodes of gonococcal PID are strongly associated with PID. Barrier contraceptive methods reduce the risk of PID. 15-24 year old women experience less tubal damage than older women. Health professionals do not agree on the definitions of sexually transmitted disease (STD)/PID and infertility which results in inaccurate incidences and prevalences. For example they use 3 different databases: estimates based on STD occurrence PID occurrence and infertility occurrence. Nevertheless various studies indicate that the incidence of STD-related infertility lies between 75000 and 225000 cases per year. All studies so far have identified a significant link between STD/PID and infertility (especially tubal infertility) regardless of parity. C. trachomatis produces more severe subclinical tubal inflammation and tubal damage than other etiologic agents probably because it is more chronic. Bilateral intratubal adhesions form as part of the healing process and block sperm transport. Cinical evidence of symptomatic PID is not always a requisite for development of tubal infertility. Yet the more previous PID episodes a woman has the more likely that she will develop tubal occlusion. Antibiotics used for treatment regimens for PID do not reduce the likelihood of infertility. Thus the medical community must make considerable investments in preventing lower genital tract STDs to reduce consequent upper genital tract PID and subsequent infertility.


Si photonic crystal slow-light waveguide with lattice-shifted structure in the perturbed kagome lattice is proposed. A group index of 60 with low-dispersion bandwidth of 5.5 nm is achieved with numerical calculation.