In high-stakes settings, Machine Learning models that can provide predictions that are interpretable for humans are crucial. This is even more true with the advent of complex deep learning based models with a huge number of tunable parameters. Recently, prototype-based methods have emerged as a promising approach to make deep learning interpretable. We particularly focus on the analysis of deepfake videos in a forensics context. Although prototype-based methods have been introduced for the detection of deepfake videos, their use in real-world scenarios still presents major challenges, in that prototypes tend to be overly similar and interpretability varies between prototypes. This paper proposes a Visual Analytics process model for prototype learning, and, based on this, presents ProtoExplorer, a Visual Analytics system for the exploration and refinement of prototype-based deepfake detection models. ProtoExplorer offers tools for visualizing and temporally filtering prototype-based predictions when working with video data. It disentangles the complexity of working with spatio-temporal prototypes, facilitating their visualization. It further enables the refinement of models by interactively deleting and replacing prototypes with the aim to achieve more interpretable and less biased predictions while preserving detection accuracy. The system was designed with forensic experts and evaluated in a number of rounds based on both open-ended think aloud evaluation and interviews. These sessions have confirmed the strength of our prototype based exploration of deepfake videos while they provided the feedback needed to continuously improve the system.


Objective:To study the expression and clinical significance of integrinα1,β1 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)α in placentas of preeclampsia.Methods:Immunohistochemistry(SP) was used to determine the distribution and intensity of integrinα1,β1 and TNFα staining in placentas of 50 cases of preeclampsia patients(20 and 30 of mild and severe cases,respectively) and 20 cases of normal gravidas.Results:The expressions of integrinα1,β1 and TNFαin placental trophoblast and decidual cells were significantly decreased in preeclampsia group compared with those in normal group(integrinα1 : 58.00 % vs 80.00%,P 0.05;integrinβ1:56.00% vs 76.50%,P0.05;TNFα:80.00 % vs 32.00 %,P0.05).In preeclampsia group,the expressions of integrinα1,β1,TNFα in mild and severe preeclampsia were : integrinα1 :75.00 % and 46.67 %;Integrinβ1: 75.00 % and 43.33%;TNFα: 65.00% and 90.00%.The expression of integrinα1,β1 was decreased with the progress of preeclampsia.Positive relationship was shown between the expression of integrinα1,β1 and the weight of placenta and neonate.Conclusion:The reduceed expression of integrinα1,β1 and the elevated expreesion of TNFαin placenta leads to insufficient trophoblasts infiltration and might be one of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.


Thin Film Heat Flux Sensors: Design and Methodology: (1) Heat flux is one of a number of parameters, together with pressure, temperature, flow, etc. of interest to engine designers and fluid dynamists, (2) The measurement of heat flux is of interest in directly determining the cooling requirements of hot section blades and vanes, and (3)In addition, if the surface and gas temperatures are known, the measurement of heat flux provides a value for the convective heat transfer coefficient that can be compared with the value provided by CFD codes.


In this study, Ni0.7 Zn0.3 Fe2O4 was prepared by chemical deposition at temperatures of 700°C, 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C respectively, The various applications on the spectral and structural analysis of Ni0.7 Zn0.3 Fe2O4 compounds, as observed by X-ray diffraction technique, show that all samples with spherical structure and interstitial intervals have the same Miller coefficients (2.958, 2.517, 2.422, 2.093, 1.717, 1.613, 1.481 and 1.279) nm. Spectral impedance is a tool for understanding the various contributions to electrical properties of semiconductors. Through complex, intricate and complex permutations, the contributions of grains and boundary grains were understood in the electrical characteristics of the samples. The spectral analysis of the impedance as a frequency function (1 kHz-5 MHz) was done for Ni0.7 Zn0.3 Fe2O4 samples. it showed the imaginary part of the reluctance as a function of the complex impedance that shows Debye type of relation time. Cole-Cole plots (relation between real and imaginary parts for impedance complex) showed a nonDebye type of relaxation time of insulation.


One essential step in the creation of the Sperry Univac word recognition systems is the production of a phonemic lexical representation for each word or phrase to be recognized. This document describes the automation of this lexical generation process. The procedure utilizes standard dictionary pronunciations as baseforms and produces lexical variants incorporating both phonological generalizations and systematic characteristics of the recognition system. The dictionary pronunciation guides are converted to system-compatible symbols and modified by rules which insert, delete, and replace segments. The rules are context sensitive, obligatory, and conjunctively ordered. The lexical strings produced reflect coarticulation effects both within and between words. Evaluation routines provide statistics on the use of the rules within a given lexicon. Initial application of the component shows word recognition results to be about 8% lower than those achieved with a hand-tuned lexicon.


With the development of network technology, especially the development of Internet, the distance education based on Internet is becoming an important way and direction of distance education . It is favorable to improve the quality of software designing and realization by analyzing the characteristics of distance education based on Internet from angle of software designing. It will further improve quality of education.


An increase in the number of immigrants from Africa and Asia in the United Kingdom in recent years has led to renewed interest in the hkmoglobinopathies. In hospitals, in some regions, as many as 20% of new patients registering are of Asian or Negro descent (Stuart et al. 1973) with a resultant increase in hematological investigations. London, of course, has for centuries attracted foreign communities, many from the Mediterranean littoral. Patients with haemoglobinopathy may present in a variety of ways. For example, as radiologists we may be asked to perform barium studies on patients with unexplained anemia, with, in addition to a subnormal haemoglobin, low MCH and MCV and a film containing target cells. Our medical training has laid stress on the recognition of anemias which might indicate feecal blood loss due to an occult gastrointestinal neoplasm, but we should remember that much time and effort can be spent in the search for a nonexistent bowel carcinoma in a middle-aged man with a hemoglobinopathy. The hTemoglobin molecule consists of a protein globin, and four haem groups, each with four pyrrol rings surrounding an iron atom. The protein moiety consists of 574 aminoacids arranged in four polypeptide chains, arranged in spirals. The different chains are designated by letters of the Greek alphabet, and the three normal hiemoglobins, A, A2 and F, each contain two alpha chains and differ only in their second pairs. There are three types of haemoglobinopathy: (1) Thalasseemias inherited defects of haemoglobin A synthesis resulting in the manufacture of inadequate amounts of alpha or beta chains. (2) Haemoglobin variants inherited defects of hemoglobin A synthesis resulting in structurally abnormal alpha or beta chains. All the variants analysed, so far, differ from hemoglobin A by only one aminoacid in the chain, e.g. hemoglobin S. (3) Combinations of thalasstemia and an abnormal heemoglobin. Thalassxemia is a disease with an inherited defect of hemoglobin A synthesis which results


Chicago, Jan. 20, 1903. Dear Doctor: —Your letter of recent date to the Secretary of the American Medical Association, concerning your relations with that body, has been handed to me with the request that I reply. In the letter you say that you wish to sever your relationship with the American Medical Association, because of the actions of the Association. You state that the conduct of the Association is narrow, that this is 1903, not 1880 or 1881, and that as long as the American Medical Association continues to make an unjust and particular target of the New York State, Society, so long must you forego the pleasure of membership in it. I am induced to make reply to this letter for the reason that you make the statement "the American Medical Association makes a target of the Medical Society of the State of New York," and that I may


This paper examines the meanings and imaginings of the home as a site of identity and belonging, focusing on that space in the geographical, historical, and political contexts of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The notion of home is used to discuss some interactions between public, political, and national identities, and private and personal identities on the island, with the help of two artworks, Gift, by Sarah Browne, and Gauge, by Philip Napier. These pieces illuminate specific issues pertaining to public and private identities and public and private spaces in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland; here, they are read as a means of comparing certain uses and meanings of identity in the statelet and its neighboring state.


The industrial fabric comprising a woven fabric body having opposite ends is described. Repeating weave pattern of the fabric comprise at least two sets of machine direction inclined vertically stacked direction yarns being interwoven with at least one set of upper cross machine direction. At each end of the fabric, a portion of the slope is the first to form the seaming loops, a first seaming loops each of and forms a first angle with respect to the machine direction, the other part of said warp yarns of the second seaming loops formed, and the second of the seaming loops each of which forms a second angle with respect to the machine direction, and the second seaming loops, respectively can lead to using parts of concentric then, the coil joint or a pin joint is substantially in the first seaming loops double It provides an end loop. Such fabric structure, it is possible to use any of the roof inclination, has the advantage of greatly increasing the tensile strength of joints. Further, it is also possible to form a flat joint portion. The joint structure is used in particular to dryer fabrics for the paper machine. A paper machine, dryer fabrics, seaming loops, the coil joint


Background and Aim: The fifth wave of Covid-19 occurred in Iran and lasted from the beginning of July to the end of August 2021. Unlike the previous waves, which lasted mainly 3-4 weeks, the fifth wave in the country, especially in Kurdistan province, was longer than 4 months. This study aimed to identify the causes of prolongation of the fifth covid-19 wave in Kurdistan Province. Material(s) and Method(s): In this qualitative study, the views of 52 medical professionals who were directly or indirectly involved in the surveillance and treatment of COVID-19 were obtained using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using the framework analysis method. Result(s): Low coverage rate of vaccination, false beliefs and lack of confidence in regard to the effectiveness of vaccines used, incomplete effects of the vaccines, vaccination during incubation period or illness, non-compliance with health protocols especially use of masks by vaccinated people, lack of correct and consistent use of standard masks, insufficient medical services and facilities, use of outpatient treatment approach and rapid discharge of the patients regardless of the disease transmission period, insufficient attention to the education of the patients and their families, weakness in contacts tracing of infected people, lack of seriousness in implementing government decisions, especially insufficient government support for vulnerable people and businesses, community exposure to a new strain of the virus (Delta strain), increased risk of transmission of the disease in the community due to cold weather in the province were the most important reasons for the prolongation of the fifth covid-19 peak in Kurdistan Province. Conclusion(s): Based on the results, various factors such as vaccination, behavior of community members, government decisions, and response rate of health system were involved in the prolongation of the fifth corona wave in Kurdistan Province. It seems necessary to consider these factors in dealing with the next waves and peaks. Copyright © 2018 the Author (s). Published by Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences.


Nontuberculous mycobacteria infrequently cause disseminated infections in immunocompetent hosts. However, they are increasingly being recognized in immunocompromised patients. We present the case of a 40‐year‐old HIV‐positive male presenting with lymphadenopathies and pancytopenia in whom disseminated infection, with bone marrow involvement by Mycobacterium genavense (M. genavense) was diagnosed.


It is analyzed in this article the concept and main characters of non-profit organizations.It is then followed by discussion of relationship between the transformation of government function and the development of non-profit organizations.The main subject discussed next is that it must be resolute in the cause of transformation of government function and reform of sport management in our country.It is put forward at final stage in the article some important factors that call for reconsideration in the process of non-profit organization reconstruction and inset.It is accompanied by those main steps of compartmentation between non-profit organizations and governments and enterprises;main measures of non-profit organization societal inset,and so on.


Entangled and hyper-entangled states of light are valuable tools of quantum information protocols. Here, we discuss entanglement generation in quantum dot systems and its extension to hyper entanglement. We review the current results and give a perspective for possible improvement.


Food quality and security is not only concerns the national stability and people's health of our country,but also causes significant political effect in the corresponding food imported country.This paper introduces the conception of the food security and its influencing factors,analyses the characters of food security management,and discusses the effective methods for supervising the food security with the background of dumpling poisoning incident.


Recent research into overlapping metal-gate charge-coupled devices on gallium arsenide has shown that meander channel image scanners can be produced using the more conventional scanner architecture familiar to silicon-based CCD imagers. In these conventional structures the photodetectors have front surface sensitivity and are placed along-side the CCD channel. There exist certain important applications where this type of architecture is preferred: among them are a) linear edge scanners for optical waveguide arrays, and b) large two-dimensional image scanners where wafer thinning is impractical for backside illumination. Using anodically isolated overlapping metal-gate CCD structures both linear and meander-channel two-phase devices have been produced on GaAs. The meander structure offers the optimum ratio of detector area to total device area. Its availability now on GaAs offers high speed scanning rates that exceed those of silicon based devices by at least an order of magnitude.


Through the meaning and function of British and American culture teaching, the author thinks that we should put the culture teaching into English teaching in higher vocational colleges and some practices are also discussed: understanding the British and American cultural value orientation, the proper use of video data, paying attention to the interaction between teachers and students and regularly inviting some experts to teach British and American culture.


This study suggests a non-linear control algorithm for the exciter controlling a single-machine infinite-bus system, considering the non-linear dynamics with parameter and sudden input power variations. This study provides three contributions: (i) an estimation algorithm is designed to estimate the power angle operating point for the terminal voltage to be regulated to its desired value, incorporating the disturbance observer (DOB); (ii) a DOB-based proportional-type non-linear stabilising algorithm is systematically derived using the estimated power angle operating point; and (iii) it is rigorously shown that the proposed proportional-type non-linear controller always removes the steady-state errors without integral actions for error variables. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique under several transmission line fault scenarios.


To establish a simple,sensitive and stable new method of determination of zinc Gluconate,2-(5-nitro-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-propyl-N- sulfopropylamino)phenol was used as a coloring reagent to determine zinc gluconateby spectrophotometry in the presence of surfactants Tween 80 and Triton X-100.The maximum absorption of the complex compound was at 580 nm.The linearity of test was 0.1~1 μg/mL.The molar absorption coefficient is 1.41×105L·mol-1·cm-1.The recoveries ranged from 98.5% to 102.8%.This method is simple,sensitive,rapid and accurate.The method could be used for the determination of zinc in zinc gluconate solution with satisfactory results.


A thermoplastic polystyrene-based material with styrene-butadiene-styrene dispersed particles and a thermoset polyester toughened with butadiene-acrylonitrile particles were studied. Photomicrographs of materials that had different proportions of elastomer were processed and the images analysed. The changes in the morphological characteristics were correlated with the fracture toughness and modulus of elasticity.


The practices of yoga and physiotherapy for people suffering from depression relaxes mind and muscles which improves muscle strength, flexibility, blood circulation and oxygen uptake as well as hormone function. The state of the mind and that of the body are intimately related. If the mind is relaxed, the muscles in the body will also be relaxed. These will also reduce a variety of important risk factors for various diseases, especially cardio-respiratory diseases. Changing the stress mindset not only minimizes the effects of stress, it enhances performance and productivity.


Nnumerical control alteration on feed system of C5225 vertical lathe in the base of keeping the mechanism structure and handling function was introduced.In the left tool carriage,the ball leadscrew,the servo motor and single gear reducer were displaced,and the coordinated movement about X and Z axis could been implemented by semi-closed loop control of SINUERRIK 802D numerical system.After the alteration,the machining bound of the tool could be enlarged,the productivity as well as the precision could be improved highly.


Objective: Describe the changes in the blood pressure of pregnant woman in relation to the gestational age and to the body mass index in a sample of pregnant women controlled in ASSBASALUD ESE (Manizales, Caldas, Colombia) between the years 2010-2013. Materials and methods: The medical records of 1,923 healthy pregnant woman have been consulted. Analysis has been carried out on a weekly, monthly, and quarterly basis. Results: The relation of the mean arterial pressure with each month showed a decline in all pressure measurements. The decline is higher in relation to the diastolic and mean arterial pressure. The decline is showed until the fifth gestational month and goes up to 102mmHg for PAS and 62mmHg for PAD in average to begin it's rise until the end of the gestation obtaining the highest numbers in the tenth month with values of 106 mmHg and 67,5 mmHg for PAS and PAD in average respectively. Quarterly, there was no significant difference between the first and the second trimester for the systolic pressure, but it was found for the diastolic pressure, with a strong rise in the last trimester reaching 65mmHg average. When it was compared on a weeklybase, quadratic and cubic curvilinear estimates for the three pressures were made, resulting in all significant at p = 0.000 for both global regressions, as for the intercept and coefficients. Conclusion: It was found that the blood pressure has the same behavior as the global population; both pressures have a Sigma curve behavior, but they behave with an inferior average compared to the studies done in Europe, not like those in Latin America which numbers are also low.


Current Filamentation Instability, CFI, is of central importance for relativistic beams in plasmas for the laboratory, ex. fast-igniter concept for inertial confinement fusion, and astrophysics, ex. gamma ray bursts. Simulations, with the particle-in-cell code QuickPIC, with a beam produced by an RF accelerator and a capillary plasma discharge show the appearance and effects of CFI. The instability is investigated as a function of electron beam parameters (including charge and emittance) and plasma parameters (density and length) by evaluating the beam density and magnetic energy. We present simulation results, discuss further simulation refinements, suggest criteria and threshold parameters for observing the presence of CFI and outline a potential future experiment.


For a long period,some sci-tech periodicals in chinese universities have managed to be internationalized and get onto the international path in accordance with the demand.This is normal but during this period of china entering WTO there is a tendencey to do that absolutely and like a swarm of bees.In fact,this is not scientific and reasonable. Sci-tech periodical should choose its own way of development according to its levels,classifications and editorial directions.Internationali-zation or getting onto the international path is just one choice.At the same time,when it is internationalized,the national characteristics of chinese sci-tech periodicals should be maintained.


ABSTRACT The accidental leakage from tanks and pipelines is one of the main risks in cryogenic superheated liquid storage and transportation. To investigate the effects of superheat degree and jet pressure on the leakage characteristics, the corresponding liquid nitrogen (LN2) leakage experiments were carried out under different conditions. In this study, a rectangular nozzle ( ) was applied to imitate the crack in typical release scenarios. The dynamic evolution process of jet pattern was also investigated. Three jet patterns including the mechanical breakup jet, the partially flashing jet, and the fully flashing jet were identified in the stable stage. The results indicate that the jet angle rises with the increase of superheat degree. At high superheat degree, the jet pressure presents a more significant influence on the jet angle. While the superheat degree decreases, its influence on the jet angle reduces. The leakage mass flow rate declines with the increase of superheat degree and rises with the increase of jet pressure. Furthermore, a new discharge coefficient correlation suitable for superheated LN2 leakage is developed, and its prediction error is within±3.8%. The new correlation is a good tool to predict the mass flow rate during LN2 leakage process.


This paper presents low cost techniques for the fabrication of microstructures using a limited set of equipment available in many university labs. The techniques developed can be used to process bare silicon wafers or to complete post-CMOS processing of fabricated integrated circuit die. Techniques for low cost mask generation have been investigated and implemented. These low cost masks have been used for all aspects of microfabrication, from photolithography to etching of MEMS structures. Die-level post-CMOS processing has also been conducted on chips fabricated at a foundry through the MOSIS service. On these chips, post-processing techniques have been performed to realize metallic electrodes on top of the integrated circuit chips as well as preparation steps for generating free standing thermally isolated microstructures utilizing low cost masking procedures. CMOS Post-Fabrication Processing Steps The engineering word is seeing a new trend with the combination of mechanical elements, transducers, and electronics on a common silicon wafer through microfabrication. This recent field is referred to as Microelectromechanical Systems or MEMS. However, most services that offer such capabilities are limited in their scope or can be quite expensive. In terms of saving money, any MEMS steps that can be performed "in-house" are always desired. This approach to fabricating MEMS is not a trivial option and there are downsides to this approach. Most academic cleanrooms do not have multi-metal/multi-poly fabrication capabilities, which limits the scope of the electronics that can be fabricated in these facilities. In addition to this, most cleanroom facilities at the university level are very limited in their ability to produce small feature-size electronics. Sub-micron feature sizes are basically not available unless an outside foundry service is used. This is an important point since most control and readout circuitry for MEMS devices are quite advanced and require large chip areas and without proper circuitry MEMS devices are useless. Another critical consideration is process compatibility. Many times a foundry service is used to produce the circuit chip and post-processing steps will be performed on these chips to realize MEMS structures. The post-processing steps required in most all cases are not trivial and careful design and post-processing procedure characterization are required to generate working MEMS microsystems. This paper focuses on MEMS post-processing techniques and methods for achieving acceptable results while keeping costs to a minimum. Post CMOS Processing Post CMOS processing consists of steps taken on silicon wafer or die after circuitry has been fabricated. Multiple procedures can be performed post CMOS such as photolithography, material etching, and material deposition. There are several key points that must be carefully


Smilax moranensis M.Martens & Galeotti, Smilacaceae, root is a medicinal plant used among the Chatinos in Oaxaca, Mexico, to control type 2 diabetes. The objectives of the study were to isolate the bioactive compounds from the roots of Smilax and evaluate the chronic hypoglycemic effect of the ethanol–water extract. The main compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract via conventional phytochemical methods. The dried roots of S. moranensis were extracted with methanol and chromatographed on Sephadex LH 20. Fractions were chromatographed and purified on a silica gel chromatography column. The ethanol–water extract was orally administered to hyperglycemic rats for a period of 42 days, and glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and triacylglycerides were measured. Moreover, very-lowdensity lipoprotein was calculated. During the chemical investigation, three compounds were isolated edicinal plants and characterized, namely, 3-O-caffeoyl-quinic acid, 5-O-caffeoyl-quinic acid and trans-resveratrol, using various spectroscopic techniques. Animal experiments confirmed that the plant extract could control both the glucose and HbA1c levels. In conclusion, this study confirms that the roots of S. moranensis have hypoglycemic properties and suggests that the isolated compounds are potentially involved in this effect. © 2019 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).


Ontology is the chief technology to model domain knowledge and fix its heterogeneity. Knowledge evolution is unavoidable in all fields, and ontology should reflect such an evolution while preserving its consistency. The access to an ontology evolution history is also a crucial need. Thereby, ontology versions should be stored efficiently. To address these requirements, some works focused only on managing ontology inconsistency. To this end, they adopted an a posteriori approach that checks inconsistency after its occurrence. Others have mainly focused on some ontology versioning aspects other than the storage and the consistency preservation issues. Specifically, the state of the art storage strategies perform well some typical queries at the cost of a high storage space. Strategies with low space overhead lose the main specificity of ontology: the knowledge semantics modelling. So, it is useful to address all these shortcomings. This paper presents an approach that allows generating consistent OWL 2 DL ontology versions in a priori way. It also proposes an efficient storage strategy that preserves the semantics aspect of ontology and performs well typical queries with a low storage space. A protégé plug‐in is developed to show the feasibility of the main ideas presented in this paper.


What does raising children have to do with training killer whales? More than you'd think. Mega-selling author Ken Blanchard teams up again with his Whale Done coauthors to show how positive reinforcement techniques used by trainers at Seaworld can help parents bring out the best in their children.


Abstract: Quetiapine (QTP) combined with lithium (Li) or divalproex (DVP) for the treatment of mania was evaluated in 2 double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Patients were randomized to 3 or 6 weeks of treatment with QTP plus Li/DVP or placebo (PBO) plus Li/DVP. Quetiapine was dosed up to 800 mg/d; Li was dosed to achieve serum concentrations of 0.7-1.0 mEq/L and DVP to 50-100 μg/mL. A total of 402 patients were randomized: 197 to QTP + Li/DVP and 205 to PBO + Li/DVP. The mean quetiapine dose in responders was 492 (±204) mg/d. Improvement in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) at day 21 in the QTP + Li/DVP group (−15.29) was statistically superior to the PBO + Li/DVP group (−12.19) (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in favor of quetiapine was observed within the first week (P < 0.05). Significantly more QTP + Li/DVP patients achieved a response (≥50% decrease in the YMRS) at day 21 (QTP + Li/DVP, 55.7%; PBO + Li/DVP, 41.6%;P < 0.01). Improvements in Clinical Global Impression-Bipolar Severity of Illness scores by day 21 were also significantly greater in QTP + Li/DVP-treated patients (−1.59) versus PBO + Li/DVP (−1.19) (P < 0.01). Common adverse events (≥5% and twice that in the PBO + Li/DVP group) in the QTP + Li/DVP group were somnolence, dry mouth, and asthenia. Quetiapine combined with Li/DVP was not associated with extrapyramidal symptoms (including akathisia) or emergent depression. More QTP + Li/DVP-treated patients completed the trial, and there was no difference in discontinuation rates due to adverse events between the two groups. Quetiapine, in combination with lithium or divalproex, is well tolerated and has superior efficacy to lithium or divalproex alone in the treatment of bipolar mania.


The present study is designed to evaluate the accuracy of PCR versus serology for diagnosing M. pneumoniae infections among the throat specimens. Samples for PCR testing were obtained from nasoopharyngeal aspirate. Serum samples were collected on the first visit and at least 2–4 weeks later. For the PCR assay, a rapid DNA extraction protocol was used. IgG antibodies were measured using the Serion Elisa Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgG kit. Overall, prevalence of M. pneumoniae was diagnosed in among 7.9% (23/290) of the patients. The median age of the patients positive for M. pneumoniae was 37 years and 38 years among negative patients which was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Out of the total positive patients for M. pneumoniae in throat swabs, 70% (16/23) were observed to be positive by PCR and 78% (18/23) by serology. The high sensitivity (72.2%) and specificity (98.9%) of PCR was observed with positive and negative predictive value being 81.3% and 98.2% respectively. The accuracy of PCR was found to be 97.2%. The use of PCR, using either semi-nested or quantitative real-time methods, was superior to serology for diagnosing acute Mycoplasma Pneumoniae infections.


We are examining the feasibility of performing digital mammography by combining a storage- phosphor image receptor with a highly efficient x-ray system. The image receptor consists of Fuji series HR-V high resolution imaging plates and a Fuji 9000 reader. The x-ray system was developed using multiparameter optimization techniques, with the goal of reducing patient dose as much as possible while retaining acceptable imaging performance. We have measured sensitometric properties, modulation transfer function (MTF), and noise power spectrum (NPS) of the Fuji plates with low-energy x-ray spectra. We have used the measurements, along with information about the x-ray system, to estimate signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for objects in a contrast-detail (C-D) phantom. We present the results of our measurements on the Fuji plates, comparisons of calculated and observed C-D diagrams for this system and a conventional system, and comparisons of phantom images and doses for this system to images and doses for a conventional system. We conclude that digital mammography with the system studied is at least feasible since phantom image quality is comparable to that of a conventional system at dose levels that are somewhat lower.


We report the reconstructed resolution (RR) achieved by a new high-resolution multifocal collimator (SZHRX) and respective quantitative iterative reconstruction with distant dependent collimator modeling, attenuation, and scatter correction. SZHRX is primarily designed for cardiology and neurology SPECT applications using Tc99m perfusion imaging (cold-lesion detection task) and I123 DaTscan (hot-lesion detection task). It has a suitable magnification volume and designed to increase effective sensitivity >2x at 28 cm organ centered orbit, with a reconstructed resolution similar to a close non-circular orbit low-energy high-resolution (LEHR) collimator acquisition. RR is measured as the edge-response of an extended source with adjustable contrast in a warm background. The results show that the design goals were achieved: a better RR for cold spheres compared to LEHR regardless of the distances probed, and RR for hot spheres is in between the values for LEHR at 28 cm and NCO. We only show Tc99m results here.


To compare the relative efficacy of oral sucrose versus EMLA® cream for pain relief during venepuncture, 51 full‐term newborns (38M, 13F; postnatal age <4d) in a stable condition were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: placebo (2 ml spring water); 2 ml sucrose 24% w/v; 1 g lidocaine‐prilocaine 5% cream (EMLA); or EMLA plus sucrose. Water or a single dose of sucrose solution was administered orally 2 min before venepuncture. EMLA cream was applied in the antecubital fossa 45–60 min before venepuncture and covered by a Tegaderm® dressing. A pacifier was given before skin puncture, but it was not actively held or replaced during the procedure or observation periods. In total, 55 venepunctures were performed blindly, always for clinical reasons. As indicators of pain, the total crying time was recorded and heart rate, respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured blindly at baseline, immediately post‐venepuncture, and 2 and 4 min afterwards. The main effects observed were: (i) time spent crying decreased significantly in the sucrose alone (p= 0.001) and EMLA plus sucrose (p= 0.008) groups; (ii) the above treatments attenuated significantly (p < 0.05) the immediate heart rate response to pain; and (iii) the concomitant use of EMLA did not increase further the analgesic efficacy of sucrose.


This article presents an approach for deploying and controlling active services over virtual active networks (VAN). We consider a VAN as a service abstraction offered by a provider to its customers. For the provider, the VAN represents the means to partition the network resources and isolate the customers from one another in virtual environments. For the customer, the VAN represents the environment in which it can install, configure and run its own services without further interaction with the provider. A VAN constitutes an interesting means for the provider Io delegate a part of its service management and a solution for a fast and flexible service deployment. In this paper, we present our VAN-based ASMA (active service management architecture) platform, which on the one hand, enables the customer to request a VAN from the provider, and manage his own services within his VAV and, on the other hand, allows the provider to manage the VANs created in his domain. Experiments are also presented. In particular, an MPEG-4 video control service is developed in order to test the capabilities of our platform.


Three positive solution is considered for a class of third-order m-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian operator.Firstly,we transform the problem into an equivalent integral equation by applying the Green's function of second-order m-point boundary value problem.Secondly,we discuss the existence of the positive solution by applying Avery-Peteron fixed point theorem on a suitable cone.Thus we obtain a sufficient condition for the existence of the positive solution.


The electrical properties and structural defects of Te‐doped GaAs grown in space have been investigated by using various techniques. The experimental results confirm that the microgravity conditions offer some advantages for the melt growth of III‐V compound semiconductor materials; improvements of homogeneity and perfection as well as purity of the space GaAs single crystal are expected.


I FIRST BECAME AWARE OF A WIKI LAST YEAR when a student submitted a paper and quoted from the Wikipedia (1), an open access encyclopedia and probably the best known wiki project on the web (2). Being the good faculty member, I immediately went to the website to check on the accuracy and veracity of the quote. What I found was an amazing new world. Wiki is derived from the Hawaiian word for quick. The term was first coined in 1995 by Ward Cunningham, when he designed the Portland Pattern Repository as a community to discuss and share ideas about pattern languages. He called his work a wiki, based upon his exposure to the quick (wiki) shuttle buses used at the Honolulu Airport. Wikipedia (1) defines wiki as a "website (or other hypertext document collection) that allows users to add content, as on an Internet forum, but also allows anyone to edit the content. 'Wiki' also refers to the collaborative software used to create such a website." The defining characteristics of a wiki are: social software that allows the ability to edit and add to a wiki document with relative ease; a simplified hypertext markup language for creating documents; and an open editing philosophy in which the community can edit and add to the document. Wikis are part of a group of Internet-based social software that promotes social interactions. According to Wikipedia (1), "social software connects people together intellectually and makes it possible to share and evolve ideas. Social software is not bound just by what features the tool provides, but also by social conventions and etiquette on how to use it appropriately." Lamb (2, p. 48) summarizes the characteristics of social software as "relative simplicity, empowered users and bottom-up organization." I also think the wiki prayer says a lot about its popularity: "Please, grant me the serenity to accept the pages I cannot edit, the courage to edit the pages I can, and the wisdom to know the difference" (2, p. 48). So how are wikis being used and why are they important? Perhaps the predominant reason for wiki usage is the ethic of intellectually sharing ideas. Wikis represent the shift of information technology tools from number crunching (automation) to individual productivity (personal computing) to current web-based tools that support social collaboration. In a recent article published online by the Healthcare Marketing and Communications Council (3), blogs, wikis, open publishing, and web syndication are considered the future "platforms and business models that have already profoundly changed the Web, pouring millions of words of new content onto an unsuspecting world." Much of the content, the article states, is "junk and unread, but there are pearls, trusted brands, and business models emerging." The notion of wikis is even being discussed in the British Medical Journal as a future scenario for medical publishing. In an editorial describing the four futures for scientific and medical publishing, Abassi and colleagues describe one scenario: "Publishers have largely disappeared, and communication takes place mainly through global electronic conversations" (4, p. 1472). A letter to the editor reacting to these scenarios acknowledges that the Wikipedia concept could be used to foster a medical publishing community that openly shares and converses in the future. The letter points out that the wiki concept allows for the maintenance of the original article while allowing continuous updating and editing of knowledge. The literature on wikis is quite diverse. I found articles in the fields of higher education, computing, bioinformatics, psychology, and law. The fact that Newsweek (6) had an article on wiki lends support to its rising popularity. Following is a sampling of wiki uses. In higher education, a wiki is an environment that can support communities of learning or communities of practice. As Kurhila (7) states, higher education is not only about transmitting knowledge. …


In this essay, I draw from reproductive justice theory, arguing for greater analyses of reproductive health histories through an intersectional feminist lens. Decentering US-centric reproductive rights histories and paying special attention to race, class, and gender helps unravel the intricate narrative that tied abortion providers in northern Mexico to a racialist logic of danger, dirt, and death in the years before Roe v. Wade. These logics were deployed by doctors, attorneys, and activists in the United States as justification for the legalization of abortion. By tackling the history of anti-Mexican racism and racialist images of the borderlands region itself, using oral histories as well as patient and doctor testimonials, this article is a counternarrative to the myths about Mexican abortions before 1973. Using feminist, antiracist analysis, this article also adds to abortion travel scholarship, opening new pathways for research about reproductive health-care migrants and providers in the global South.


In this work, the analysis of both experimental and theoretical angular dispersion of the Raman frequencies of the optical polar phonons in LiNbO3 (LN) single crystal has been determined with the emphasis of the determination without ambiguity of a new and complete set of the normal mode assignments that clarify long‐standing debates. The coherency of such couple assignments is assessed by the computed oscillator strengths that are revealed to be in satisfactory agreement with others on the one hand and by the comparison with the oblique frequencies measured from the compilation of the Raman spectra acquired under different geometrical configurations in the 90° scheme on the other hand. Finally, the directional behavior of the quasinormal vectors has been established and discussed with regard to the symmetry mixing of modes or the mode with oblique polarization.


In a five-month survey, sponsored by the ffPS Oryx 100% Fund, of the distribution and numbers of primates in Bangladesh early in 1980, the authors visited most of the surviving natural forest. Their report shows that wildlife reserves are inadequate, both in quantity and quality, but acknowledges the Government's efforts in the face of great difficulties.


Note: Proc. of 1st Conference on Materials Research for Engineering Systems, Sion, Switzerland, September 1994, 275 - 279 (1994) Reference CRPP-CONF-1994-003 Record created on 2008-05-13, modified on 2016-08-08


The purpose of this research are to describe the process of implementation of the Cooperative learning models type Numbered Head Together (NHT) to increase the activity and student chemistry learning outcomes in class X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan Klaten. Type of research is action research class carried out in two cycles, where eachcycle consist of four stages, namely (1) planning, (2) implementating, (3) observating, and (4) reflecting. The subjects in this research are student of class X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan Klaten, amounting to 26 students while the object in this research is the activity and student learning outcomes. Data obtained in this research include: student learning outcomes drawn from the test results as the end of cycle and the activity of students drawn from the observation sheets. The results showed an increase in every indicator of student  activity proceeds. In the first cycle the average value of the activity indicator of 62,98% increased in the second cycle into 77,88%%. While the average math student learning outcomes increased from 61 in the pre-cycle to 69,04 in the first cycle after the second cycle increased to 75,58.


Abstract The Allison effect was explained as a time lag in the Faraday effect. During the early thirties, this effect was extensively used for chemical analysis, especially for traces. Heavy hydrogen was first reported in the literature by this method and many other significant applications were made.


IMPAIRED thinking in parents of schizophrenic or psychotic patients has long been a focus of interest for clinicians. The ideas, emotional expressions, and personalities of such parents have often been described in intriguing parallels to their psychotic offspring. Parents' aberrant thinking was found to be linked to the thought structure found in their schizophrenic offspring. 1-2 Parents of autistic children were found to interfere with the very beginnings of any tender or nurturant relationship with their children. 3 These parents were characterized as schizophrenogenic or "refrigerator parents" 4 who characterologically impaired their child's development. Some of these investigators recognized that disturbed family relationships may also be fostered by the influence of the disturbed offspring on the family. It is clear, however, that according to psychodynamic theories of schizophrenia, parental attitudes are considered primary in the child's development of psychosis and schizophrenia. In recent years parental cries


With a wide deployment of Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) in the Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks, virtual network functions (VNF) can be flexibly migrated between difference locations, and therewith significantly enhances the network resilience to counter the degradation in quality of service (QoS) due to network function outages. A balance has to be taken carefully, between the loss reduced by VNF migration and the operations cost generated thereby. To achieve this in practical scenarios with realistic user behavior, it calls for models of both cost and user mobility. This paper proposes a novel cost model and a AI-empowered approach for a rational migration of stateful VNFs, which minimizes the sum of operations cost and potential loss caused by outages, and is capable to deal with the complex realistic user mobility patterns.


We developed Student-car as in a Semi-hybrid format that's capable of operating in a both gasoline engine and an electronic motor. Three wheel bike that"s operated by gasoline engine and two wheel bike that"s operated by electronic motor should be made. Each of the bikes can be connected to each other if necessary as a car or they can be worked as different kinds of bikes as they get separated. Also, the two wheel bike can be re-charged by using an electronic code and when it's combined to the three wheel bike, it can be recharged by the engine power of gasoline engine using plug-in method. Furthermore, a regenerative breaking energy can be used by using DLDC hub-motor to the two wheel bike.


Hiatal hernias are a common problem, affecting ~25% of the population. While data on sex-related or gender-related issues affecting hiatal hernias are rare, a clear distinction between men and women in pathophysiology and presentation exists, and these differences ought to be considered in the management of patients. We present a brief review of the established data on gender differences in hiatal hernias.


Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection usually has a self-limited clinical course and sometimes remains subclinical. HAV infection rarely causes neurologic problems. There are only a few case reports on seizure and meningoencephalitis associated with serologically confirmed hepatitis A infection. We report a case of a 27-year-old man admitted to the emergency department due to confusion after an episode of generalised tonic convulsion. Laboratory test results included AST 441 units/L and ALT 1294 units/L. A diagnosis of hepatitis A was confirmed by the finding of serum IgM-HAV antibody. HAV infection should be considered one of the aetiologies of meningoencephalitis.


Abstract In 1982 two articles appeared that questioned the concept of a separate Low Involvement Hierarchy for the effects of advertising (5, 20). The Integrated Information Response Model (20) made it clear that purchase may often be an instance of information collection used to develop attitude. The single Hierarchy extended this model to include all information collection as Evaluation Behavior. Both models allowed for the possibility of advertising having a direct impact on attitude, but neither article hinted at the extent of advertising's influence. This paper explores the conditions under which advertising might or might not have this direct impact.


The invention discloses a planar avalanche photoelectric detector. An epitaxy structure of the detector comprises an absorption layer for absorbing target detection light and converting photons of the target detection light into photo-generated carriers, an N-type lower charge layer for regulating and controlling electric field distribution in the avalanche photoelectric detector, a multiplication layer for multiplying the photo-generated carriers, a P-type upper charge layer for regulating and controlling the electric field distribution in the avalanche photoelectric detector, and an intrinsic cap layer for forming a P-type center diffusion region and an edge breakdown inhibition structure, wherein the P-type center diffusion region is used for forming an active region of the avalanche photoelectric detector; and the edge breakdown inhibition structure is used for reducing an electric field at the edge of the avalanche photoelectric detector and preventing the edge of the avalanche photoelectric detector from early breakdown. According to the detector, with the introduction of the P-type upper charge layer, the thickness of the multiplying region of the detector can be accurately controlled, and the P-type upper charge layer is combined with the edge breakdown inhibition structure, so that the edge of the detector can be prevented from the early breakdown more effectively, and the performances of the detector are improved.


FTY720 (Fingolimod) is the first of a new immunomodulator class: sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator. We have found FTY720 by chemical modification of a natural product, myriocin derived from Isaria sinclairii, a kind of vegetative wasp. FTY720 is orally active and is highly effective in various autoimmune disease models including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), adjuvant- or collagen-induced arthritis, and lupus nephritis. Particularly, oral administration of FTY720 shows marked therapeutic effects on EAE in mice with a significant reduction of demyelination and T cell infiltration in the central nervous system. A most striking feature of FTY720 is the induction of a marked decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes at doses that show immunomodulating effects. It is revealed that the reduction of circulating lymphocytes by FTY720 is due to sequestration of lymphocytes into secondary lymphoid organs. FTY720 is rapidly converted to FTY720-phosphate (FTY720-P) by sphingosine kinases. FTY720-P acts as a potent agonist at S1P receptor type 1 (S1P1), internalizes S1P1 on lymphocytes, and inhibits migration of lymphocytes toward S1P. It is highly likely that immunomodulating effects of FTY720 are caused by inhibition of S1P/S1P1-dependent lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid organs. Moreover, it is suggested that direct effects of FTY720-P on neural cells via S1P receptors promote neuroprotection. Since FTY720 possesses a novel mechanism of action and is highly effective in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients, it is presumed that oral FTY720 provides a new therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis.


The genetic importance of the cardiological status extends beyond the field of pathology to a number of signs within the physiological range. Twin studies have shown genetic influence on such parameters as the blood pressure (Mathers et al., 1961), the X-ray appearance and ECG. Most of the older ECG studies (Parade, 1935; Kahler et al., 1939; Joly et al., 1949; Kabakov et al., 1934; Blumberger, 1940) have, however, the drawback of purely qualitative estimation based, as a rule, on standard limb leads. More recent studies have indicated genetic variability in blood pressure, but these measurements were predominantly characterized by sex influences (Mathers et al., 1961). This study aims at an analysis of the genetic implications of clinical and ECG findings in twins.


Experimental study was conducted to compare and evaluate between two anastomotsis techniques for jejunaum in donkeys. Aim of the present study was to test the efficiency in term of time required to complete anastomosis, stenosis in lumen, changes in wall thickness, also adhesion formations at anastomatic site. Twelve apparently healthy donkeys were used. Animals divided into two groups. Two rows serosubmucosal continuous Lambert suture (SSCLS) patterns were performed in first group while second group underwent one row serosubmucosal interrupted suture (SSIS) pattern. Ultrasongraphic scanning was performed at day 0, 15 and 30 for determination changes in lumen and wall thickness. Gross pathological changes were observed to determine adhesion. Time required in SSIS was significantly shorter (P≤0.05) compared to SSCLS. Ultrasound revealed no significant differences in lumen in both groups, however, a significant decrease in wall thickness on day 15 post surgery observed in SSCLS, although severe adhesion ANALYSIS 56(292), April, 2020 DISCOVERY ISSN 2278–5469 EISSN 2278–5450


NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTHTaking some by surprise, the National Institutes of Health announced last week that scientists applying for grants will get only one chance to resubmit a rejected proposal.


We argue that the Fermi arc observed in angle-resolved photoemission measurements in underdoped cuprates can be understood as a consequence of inelastic scattering in a phase-disordered d-wave superconductor. We analyze this phenomenon in the context of strong-coupling Eliashberg theory, deriving a 'single-lifetime' model for describing the temperature evolution of the spectral gap as measured by single-particle probes such as photoemission and tunneling.


The effect of viral infection in the cochlea was investigated by inoculation of live cytomegalovirus or inactivated virus. Auditory thresholds were measured on the day of inoculation and on the terminal day. Two to 8 days following inoculation, the animals were killed and the cochleae were evaluated histologically. The compound nerve potential showed an increase in threshold prior to the cochlear microphonic, indicating the nerve was affected prior to the outer hair cells. All experimental cochleas contained inflammatory and cytomegalic inclusion cells and showed degenerative changes. The number of infected cells was small relative to the histopathology. Control cochleae had normal structure and function. The degeneration, therefore, might be mediated by inflammation as well as by the cytopathic effect of the virus. Viral infections, therefore, might be better managed with anti‐inflammatory therapy in addition to antiviral agents.


This paper covers results from early pathfinding investigations of a wafer level package (WLP) technology that addresses future direct chip attach (DCA) needs. An overview of the WLP technology and pathfinding results covering key process flow evaluations and future challenges to apply the concept to DCA are presented. Proof-of-concept (POC) of 300mm wafer-level mold integrating with Cu bumps was demonstrated by investigating the mold thickness uniformity, wafer warpage, and solder joint reliability on the board. We conclude with a discussion of the key risk areas remaining challenges that includes the mold grinding thickness variance control, optimization of the material properties, and alternative low cost bumping technologies scalable less than 0.3mm pitch, and outline the next steps to continue data collection on the wafer warpage behavior, the die breakage strength, and the board level assembly process using a standard surface mount infrastructure in our pathfinding work.


This paper re-examines the welfare implications of input price discrimination by considering the possibility of the structural change in the final goods market. When the marginal cost difference is moderate, price discrimination is more socially desirable as the upstream firm serves more downstream firms under price discrimination than uniform pricing. Surprisingly, when the marginal cost difference is sufficiently large, although the upstream monopolist serves more downstream firms and more outputs are produced under price discrimination than uniform pricing, the social welfare is lower under price discrimination. This result runs against those prevailing in the literature without market structural change.


Abstract Ram-air ventilation (RAV) of the airspace in a fish hauling tank is achieved by equipping the tank with both forward-facing and rear-facing air scoops. To evaluate the benefits of RAV, we data-logged values every 5-min for dissolved oxygen (O2), pH, and temperature in hauling tanks with and without (control) RAV during a 6-h haul. Levels of CO2 were estimated from the pH–alkalinity relationship. To determine if RAV reduced hauling stress experienced by fingerling walleyes Stizostedion vitreum after a 6-h transport, blood samples were taken for measurement of physiological stress indicators, blood gases, and for assessment of acid–base status. Blood samples were collected before loading (preload), after loading (postload), and at the end of a 6-h trip (posthaul). The mean CO2 for the trip was substantially lower and the pH was higher in water of tanks equipped with RAV compared with water of the control tanks. At posthaul, blood pCO2 (partial pressure of CO2 in the blood) in fish from RAV tanks wa...


Objective: When upper gastrointestinal radiography is performed in hearing-impaired person, there are limitations in remote manipulations. Therefore, at our clinic, we had provided assistance in the radiography room, which had caused considerable anxiety and tension in examinees. To reduce this psychological burden, we introduced aiding equipment last year that facilitates remote manipulations by displaying letters in the monitors using a personal computer (PC). Our experience of the use of this equipment for 1 year is reported. Methods: This system consists of a PC and 3 monitors. On the PC, instructions in position changes were given based on the slide presentation form used in academic conferences using commercially available software. Monitors were placed in front and on both sides, and 2 operators performed radiography and manipulated the PC, respectively. Radiography was performed while instructions were given by manipulating about 80 slides that were produced based on routine radiography similar to that in healthy examinees. After the completion of radiography, a self-describing questionnaire was completed. Results: Using this system, the degree of understanding differed among the numbers of previous examinations as is observed in examinations of healthy person. However, a reduction in the psychological burden of hearing-impaired examinees could be considerably achieved. Conclusions: Further improvement is necessary.


The coil and the pretension rod play important roles in the central solenoidal coil system of Tokamak. Therefore, the analysis of the coil and the pretension rod in the normal operating environment is essential for the facility's construction. In this paper, the 3D model of the two parts mentioned above is built based on SolidWorks. Subsequently, the simulations are carried out to revert the real operation environments following the fields, loads, and boundary conditions. Then, we compare the official analysis results of the corresponding parts in the central solenoidal system of the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) based on the results from COMSOL. Compared with the official analysis, the error is about 1.3% for the maximum magnetic field and about 0.53% error for the outer part, respectively. As for the pretension rod, simulations are carried out based on the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The Von mises and the maximum principal stress are 140.1 MPa and 168.4 MPa, which is much lower than the material's yield stress (205 MPa). The safety factor is 1.78, larger than the critical failure value 1. According to our results, the rationality of the CFETR central solenoidal coil system design is re-examined and verified.


Diabetes is disabling, deadly and on the rise. In fact, diabetes is at epidemic proportions around the globe as 415 million people globally have diabetes, if nothing is done, it is estimated to rise to 642 million in 2040. Diabetes can shorten an individual's life by as much as 15 years.


Abstract The formation scenario of ring galaxies is addressed in this paper. We focus on the P-type ring galaxies presented in Madore, Nelson & Petrillo (2009), particularly on the axis-symmetric ones. Our simulations show that a ring can form through the collision of disc and dwarf galaxies, and the locations, widths, and density contrasts of the ring are well determined. We find that a ring galaxy such as AM 2302-322 can be produced by this collision scenario.


This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Systematic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP) program in its application at Family and Child Treatment (FACT) in Las Vegas, Nevada. There were five STEP sessions offered between July 1996 and February 1997. Twenty-four parents completed the program. At the beginning of each six-week session, volunteers completed a set of pretest questionnaires including the Self-Report Family Inventory (SFI), a set of four problem scenarios, and a demographics profile. After participation, posttests were collected on the SFI, the problem scenarios, and a Client Rating Counseling Outcome (CRCO) scale. Results showed that the STEP program is effective in helping parents increase their knowledge about parenting skills as judged by clinical ratings. However, there was no evidence that those skills affected changes in the family functioning. Findings on the CRCO indicated that parents were generally satisfied with their behavior change, increased self-understanding, and overall improvement.


Abstract The aim of this article is to provoke discussion concerning arithmetic properties of the function
$p_{d}(n)$
 counting partitions of a positive integer n into dth powers, where
$d\geq 2$
 . Apart from results concerning the asymptotic behaviour of
$p_{d}(n)$
 , little is known. In the first part of the paper, we prove certain congruences involving functions counting various types of partitions into dth powers. The second part of the paper is experimental and contains questions and conjectures concerning the arithmetic behaviour of the sequence
$(p_{d}(n))_{n\in \mathbb {N}}$
 , based on computations of
$p_{d}(n)$
 for
$n\leq 10^5$
 for
$d=2$
 and
$n\leq 10^{6}$
 for
$d=3, 4, 5$
 .


Some major risks-of-failure issues for the future manned missions to Mars are addressed. The specific complexity of the mission with the necessity of new and important technological developments has considerable implications in terms of risk estimation and management. The latest NASA reference mission is addressed and is commented on. It is concluded that the present design strategies are unable to provide sufficiently high reliability for the success of the mission. Several recommendations are proposed in this paper. The focus is on two categories of reliability problems. The first category concerns systems without clear accelerated testing capabilities, such as those for nuclear propulsion or entry-descent-and-landing. Several expensive precursor missions will have to be implemented to increase the maturity of the systems and to achieve the required level of reliability. Since cost is an important decision making parameter, it is suggested to determine the relationships between the different maturity models and their costs. For the entry-descent- and-landing phase, the proposed approach suggests a clear advantage of the 70° sphere cone heat shields. The second category concerns human-in-the-loop systems. Though different situations exist (e.g., maintenance, manual control, repairing), the same predictive model can be used to determine the probability of failure. The specific example of an ISRU option with robotic excavators and the possible intervention of astronauts is suggested. The preliminary conclusion is that astronauts with appropriate tools can be trained to increase the human capacity factor and reach an acceptable reliability level for the fueling process.


Chaotic dynamic system is a nonlinear deterministic system that displays complex, noisy-like and unpredictable behavior. Control and synchronization of chaotic dynamical system have attracted a great deal of attention within the engineering community. This paper proposes an adaptive wavelet neural control (AWNC) system to synchronize two identical chaotic gyros with nonlinear damping globally. The proposed AWNC system is composed of a neural controller and a robust controller. The neural controller uses a wavelet neural network (WNN) to approximate an ideal controller, and the robust controller is designed to dispel the effect of approximation error introduced by neural controller. The main advantage of the WNN is its fast learning rate compared to other neural networks due to it can provide more potential to enrich the mapping relationship between inputs and outputs. The parameter learning algorithm online adjusts the interconnection weights of WNN based on the Lyapunov function, thus the system's stability can be guaranteed. Simulation results verify the chaotic behavior of two nonlinear gyros can be synchronized by the proposed AWNC scheme with fully unknown control system dynamics. The major contributions of this paper are: (1) to solve the problems of requirement of system models and uncertainty bound in the SMC (2) to eliminate the chattering phenomenon in the control effort and (3) the successful applications of the AWNC system to achieve accurate chaos synchronization control in gyros chaotic system.


The main objective of the project M ODELING AND P ERFORMANCE E VALUATION is to provide insight into the behavior of multi-component systems and communication networks. Two complementary approaches are proposed, the emphasis being really laid on the first one:


Recently, Cooray introduced a new return stroke model which is capable of predicting the temporal behavior of the return stroke current and the return stroke velocity as a function of the height along the return stroke channel. The authors employed this model to calculate the power and energy dissipation in subsequent return strokes. The results of these calculations are presented here. It was concluded that a large fraction of the total energy available for the dart leader-subsequent stroke process is dissipated in the dart leader stage. The peak power per unit length dissipated in a subsequent stroke channel element decreases with increasing height of that channel element from ground level. For a given channel element, the peak power dissipation increases with increasing current in that channel element. The peak electrical power dissipation in a typical subsequent return stroke is about 1.5 times 10(exp 11) W. The energy dissipation in a subsequent stroke increases with increasing current in the return stroke channel, and for a typical subsequent stroke, the energy dissipation per unit length is about 5.0 times 10(exp 3) J/m.


The solution of specific tasks of management and rational maintenance of energy systems of cities can be ensured by a constantly updated unified urban geographic information system. The article discusses the main possibilities of using geographic information systems to determine the reliability indicators of heat supply networks, increase their efficiency and manageability by the processes of their operation. The analysis of the technical condition of the heat network of the city of Voronezh, the statistics of accidents and repair work on sections of the pipeline. The main shortcomings of the existing reliability accounting system, which does not imply the process of managing repair and restoration work, are identified. The expediency of making operational decisions on the basis of up-to-date information on the condition of sections of the heating network in different areas of the city and different periods of installation and repair is proved. The necessity of creating a constantly updated, updated and updated database of all systems of the city of Voronezh using geographic information technologies is justified. The analysis of factors leading to the need for reconstruction of heat supply systems is carried out. It has been established that the most common reasons leading to the need for reconstruction of heat supply systems are: change in the number of connected consumers; change in flow, temperature or pressure in the heating network; mismatch of energy indicators of the system with modern requirements.


Reports, Epidemiologic methods were used to examine data on persons recorded as juvenile delinquents in San Francisco in 1960. As part of this examination, re¬ corded offenses of juveniles in two se¬ lected areas of mixed population (Negro-white and Chinese-white) were compared. Our findings confirmed results of pre¬ vious studies: that recorded delinquency is commoner among boys than girls, among Negroes than members of other population groups, and among children living with one parent than among those living with two. A previously unrecorded finding was that delinquency rates were not maximal at the lowest income level except for Negro girls. A subsidiary finding was that differ¬ ences in delinquency rates between ethnic groups were statistically independent of sex, age, income, family composition, and geographic area of the city. Since re¬ corded delinquency represents interac¬ tions between juveniles and law en¬ forcement agencies rather than simply reflecting actions of juveniles, a study of recorded delinquency rates cannot be used to show reasons for ethnic differ¬ ences in juvenile delinquency. Delinquency rates vary widely among different population groups. The highest rates recorded were more than 700 per 1,000 per year. Such high rates probably contribute to antagonistic juvenile atti¬ tudes toward police.


Abstract The well-known ways in which O 2 and CO 2 (and other gases) are carried in the blood were presented in the preceding chapter. However, what the many available texts about O 2 and CO 2 transport do not emphasize is why knowing how gases are carried in blood matters, and this second, companion, article specifically addresses that critical aspect of gas exchange physiology. During gas exchange, both at the lungs and in the peripheral tissues, it is the shapes and the slopes of the O 2 and CO 2 binding curves that explain almost all of the behaviors of each gas and the quantitative differences observed between them. This conclusion is derived from first principle considerations of the gas exchange processes. Dissociation curve shape and slope differences explain most of the differences between O 2 and CO 2 in both diffusive exchange in the lungs and tissues and convective exchange/transport in, and between, the lungs and tissues. In fact, each of the chapters in this volume describes physiological behavior that depends more or less directly on the dissociation curves of O 2 and CO 2 .


【Objective】 The research was conducted to investigate the influence of different selenium fertilizers towards potatoes on yields,selenium contents and qualities,and provide basis for selenium-enriched potatoes production.【Method】 We took 'Zao Dabai' potatoes as objective and processed soil with content of selenium(0(CK),1.5,3.0,6.0,10.0 mg/kg) sodium selenate fertilizer,sodium selenite fertilizer,biological carbon selenium fertilizer,selenium fertilizer of water absorbent and slow-release by pot experiment to study the effect of these four selenium fertilizers and their dosages on outputs,selenium contents and starch of potatoes.【Result】 With the exception of sodium selenite fertilizer,when the application rate of Se was 1.5 mg/kg,the yields of potatoes would increase firstly and then decrease;selenium contents and transformation of potatoes increased firstly,and then decreased with the increase of selenium processing concentration,considering the crop,selenium contents and transformation of potatoes,the application rate of Se should be controlled at about 3.0 mg/kg at the proper selenium concentration(3.0 mg/kg),these four kinds of selenium fertilizers could not influence starch accumulation of potatoes.【Conclusion】 Biological carbon selenium fertilizer and selenium fertilizer of water absorbent and slow-release have significant superiority in outputs of potatoes.The application rate of Se should be controlled at about 3.0 mg/kg.


A nonequilibrium model has been used to simulate successfully experimental data obtained on two different DF-CO(2) chemical transfer lasers. The sensitivity of the model to changes in the reaction rate constants, to mixing, and to F atom surface recombination has been investigated. The model was found to provide reasonable agreement with the known experimental facts relating to cw DF-CO(2) chain reaction laser flow fields. It was found that considerable simplification of the chemical model is possible at the sacrifice of some analytical precision.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the general legal problems of the regulation of economic relations in the Russian Federation. Problems that lead to insufficiently effective legal regulation are identified, while identifying directions for resolving them. The objective of this research was to review theoretical and practical problems of the effectiveness of the legal regulation of economic relations in the example of the Russian Federation, which makes it possible to draw some conclusions. To obtain the results, a set of scientific techniques and methods of study of phenomena and processes were applied, such as synthesis methods, comparative jurisprudence, as well as a formal legal method and an economic modelling method. The method of economic modelling made it possible to assess the extent to which and at what costs, the rule of law has produced the expected economic effect. It is concluded that the effectiveness of legal regulation is one of the essential legal categories and that the legislator is obliged to monitor existing legal standards for its effectiveness.


The parameter of Dissolved Oxygen is of great importance in the process of microbe fermentation. The paper introduces a method of designing DO controller and actual dissolved oxygen controller, which is accurate and reliable and can perform the measurement and control of online DO.


This paper explores the contribution that applied forensic entomology can make to our understanding of prehistoric mortuary behaviour. Samples of insect remains were recovered from a mummy bundle that has been attributed to the Chachapoya people who occupied the northern highlands of Peru from ca. AD 800 to ca. AD 1532. The insects were identified to the family level and used to create a hypothetical timeline of post-mortem interval before the construction of the mummy bundle. The individual in question suffered from a number of blunt force insults to the head, followed by two and possibly three trepanation events. We speculate the initial insect colonisation to have taken place almost immediately following injury and subsequent surgery, occurring before the individual's death. Insect succession patterns and timing estimates for the appearance of periosteal reactive bone suggest that the individual was wrapped shortly following death. The application of such modern forensic techniques holds vast promise for addressing issues concerning Chachapoya mortuary behaviour and, further, these results can expand our understanding of mummy studies in general. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper explores the three aspects in unity patterns of media from the perspective of information philosophy,and attempts to analyze and understand the status quo and trends.


At present more and more universities,academes and environment protection companies have dealed with sugar wastewater treatment,but the effluent quantity falls to meet the requirement of standards.Anaerobic baffled reactor is applied to treat sugar wastewater at normal temperature,When the influent COD is 2000~9000mg/L,and HRT is 60~24h,the average removal rate of COD is above 70%.


Objective:To compare the effect of three transfection methods on ZsGreen gene expression in rats myocardium mediated by adeno-associated virus 9(AAV9).Methods:Totally 30 male SD rats were divided into tail vein(TV) injection group,intramyocardium(IM) injection group and intracoronary(IC) infusion group.AAV9 carrying report gene ZsGreen were transferred into rats'myocardium by methods mentioned above and green fluorescence expression in myocardium was observed by fluorescence microscopy two weeks later.Results:A little green fluorescence expression could be observed in myocardium of TV injection group;in IM injection group,most green fluorescence expressions were localized at the injection sites and a small amount aroud the injection sites;in IC infusion group,there was large green fluorescence in myocardium of broad and uniform distribution.The fluorescence intensity was increased significantly in IM injection and IC infusion group compared with that in TV injection group(P0.01).The fluorescence intensity in IC infusion group was higher than that in IM injection group(P0.01).Conclusion:IC infusion can make AAV-mediated ZsGreen gene express in an efficient,extensive and well-distributed way in myocardium tissues,superior to TV injection and IM injection.


This paper presents new results of experiments with cooling nickel, stainless steel and copper balls during impacting by a submerged impinging jet in various liquids at different subcoolings to saturation temperature. Based on the conducted experiments on spherical samples with different thermal effusivity under conditions of free fluid flow and on their basis an approximate model of the occurrence of intense heat transfer regime during film boiling was developed (within the framework of this model, the intensifying effect of a submerged jet is quite naturally explained). On metals with low thermal effusivity, an increase in the temperature of transition to an intensive heat transfer regime was experimentally detected. It is advisable to check the effect of the submerged jet on ethanol, in which, with many combinations of solid bodies properties and subcoolings, micro-bubble boiling has not previously been appeared.


Diffusion couple technique is used to study interdiffusion in Nb-Mo, Nb-Ti and Nb-Zr systems. Interdiffusion coefficients at different temperatures and compositions are determined using the relation developed by Wagner. The change in activation energy for interdiffusion with composition is determined. Further, impurity diffusion coefficient of the species are determined and compared with the available data in literature.


This article identifies and addresses key conceptual and measurement issues raised by measures of state capacity in studies of civil conflict. First, it reviews competing definitions and operationalizations of state capacity, focusing specifically on those that emphasize (1) military capacity, (2) bureaucratic administrative capacity, and (3) the quality and coherence of political institutions. Second, it critically assesses these measures on the basis of construct validity, focusing attention on whether they accurately capture the theoretical concept of state capacity, and whether they allow the researcher to differentiate between competing causal mechanisms. Third, it employs principal factor analysis to identify the underlying dimensionality of 15 different operationalizations of state capacity. State capacity is characterized by low dimensionality, with three factors — or dimensions of state capacity — explaining over 90% of the variance in the 15 measures. While the first factor, rational legality, captures bureaucratic and administrative capacity, the second, rentier-autocraticness, and third, neopatrimoniality, capture aspects of state capacity that cut across theoretical categories. The article concludes by suggesting a multivariate approach to modeling state capacity, and that (1) survey measures of bureaucratic quality, and (2) tax capacity are the most theoretically and empirically justified.


This study sought to examine Senior High Schools Teacher-Student conflicts at Kwahu East Municipality, Ghana. The study adopted a descriptive research design. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires to a sample of 127 students. The findings revealed that some teachers unfair use of punishment, denial of students' rights and privileges by teachers, lack of interest in teaching on the part of some teachers, and preferential treatment towards some students cause teacher-student conflicts. Also, creative thinking and redefining of purpose were both seen as positive effects of teacher-student conflict. Lastly, the study discovered lessening of the organization's effectiveness, weakening teacher-students' relationships, and outright hostile or property damage as major effects of conflict. The study recommends that, teachers should not be too strict or deny students' rights and privileges. Moreover, teachers should be friendly, fair and firm in discharging their duties when implementing educational policy, in terms of discipline.

Keywords: Teacher-Student Conflict, Causes, Effects, Implications, Ghana.


Significance Posttranslational modification of proteins by ubiquitylation regulates numerous biological processes. Polyubiquitin chain linkages are critical determinants that direct substrates to distinct pathways, a concept referred to as the ubiquitin code. Lysine-63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitin chains are the second most abundant linkage type in cells, and are known to regulate proteasome-independent pathways such as signal transduction and endocytosis. We report that K63-linked polyubiquitylation of the proapoptotic regulator TXNIP by the ubiquitin ligase ITCH triggers proteasome-mediated protein degradation. K63 ubiquitin chains facilitate subsequent assembly of K48/K63 branched ubiquitin chains through recruitment of ubiquitin ligases assembling K48 chains, thereby directing substrates to the proteasome. These results reveal an unappreciated ubiquitin-dependent pathway leading to the proteasome. Different polyubiquitin chain linkages direct substrates toward distinct cellular pathways. K63-linked ubiquitylation is known to regulate proteasome-independent events such as signal transduction, but its function in the context of heterogeneous ubiquitin chains remains unclear. Here, we report that K63 ubiquitylation plays a critical role in proteasome-mediated substrate degradation by serving as a "seed" for K48/K63 branched ubiquitin chains. Quantitative analysis revealed that K48/K63 branched linkages preferentially associate with proteasomes in cells. We found that ITCH-dependent K63 ubiquitylation of the proapoptotic regulator TXNIP triggered subsequent assembly of K48/K63 branched chains by recruiting ubiquitin-interacting ligases such as UBR5, leading to TXNIP degradation. These results reveal a role for K63 chains as a substrate-specific mark for proteasomal degradation involved in regulating cell fate. Our findings provide insight into how cellular interpretation of the ubiquitin code is altered by combinations of ubiquitin linkages.


Accurate and fast pest detection is crucial for ensuring high crop yield and quality in modern agriculture. However, there are significant challenges in using deep learning for pest detection, such as the small proportion of pest individuals in the image area, complex backgrounds in light-trapped pest images, and an unbalanced distribution of pest species. To address these problems, we propose MFSPest, a multi-scale feature selection network for detecting agricultural pests in trapping scenes. We design a novel selective kernel spatial pyramid pooling structure (SKSPP) in the feature extraction stage to enhance the network's feature extraction ability for key regions and reduce its focus on irrelevant background information. Furthermore, we present the equalized loss to increase the loss weights of rare categories and improve the distribution imbalance among pest categories. Finally, we build LAPD, a light-trapping agricultural pest dataset containing nine pest categories. We conducted experiments on this dataset and demonstrated that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance, with Accuracy, Recall, and mean Average Precision (mAP) of 89.9%, 92.8%, and 93.6%, respectively. Our method satisfies the requirements of pest detection applications in practical scenarios and has practical value and economic benefits for use in agricultural pest trapping and management.


This report discusses the child credit and the child care credit and what changes are being made to them in the new tax reform plan currently being debated. This report provides background to help assess who would be assisted by potential changes to either credit. It shows what types of families with children receive both credits and how the credits are distributed across the income distribution.


For many students, programming is a difficult skill to master. Unfortunately, many programming systems and development environments are complex and not easily learned or used. Python is a simple but powerful general purpose programming language system that can be used to operationalize security and data communications principles. This paper describes introducing Portable Python into the security and data communications courses. The use of Portable Python on portable media permits students to easily move and use their programming platform on (almost) any computer.


This Macintosh upgrade and repair manual walks users through safely upgrading their machines - and adding peripherals to new ones. It focuses on upgrading and troubleshooting/repairing as two separate issues. It covers issues from revealing the SCSI chain's mysteries to troubleshooting a bad hard drive, recovering the system folder or getting a CD-ROM drive back online. The accompanying CD-ROM contains Macintosh utilities, Web tools, commercial Internet access software, a Web resource index and a searchable version of the book.


Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of concrete or rubber surface, in combination with open yard with either brick paving or sand bed on milk production and composition in crossbred dairy cows under loose housing system. Total 20 crossbred cows, were assigned to four treatment groups (5 per group) viz. Control group (T0): Concrete floor (in covered feeding area) + Brick paving (in loafing area); Treatment 1 (T1): Concrete floor + Sand bed; Treatment 2 (T2): Rubber mat + Sand bed; Treatment 3 (T3): Rubber mat + Brick paving. Milk yield did not differed significantly (P>0.05) among groups, but it was higher in T2 followed by T3, T0 (control) and T1. Fat %, SNF % and Total Solids % were almost similar (P > 0.05) in all the groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that provision of rubber mat or sand floor alone does not affect milk production and composition. However, floor combination of rubber mat and sand bed in loose houses showed higher production.


Abstract Through a combination of large-scale data analysis and analysis of culturally responsive ways of embracing Latino students, we provide insight on the work of three Hispanic Serving Institutions in the humanities.


Equipment owner have realized that professionalized equipment management offers cost advantages. The procurement strategy as one of the most important tasks for equipment managers changed from simply buying heavy equipment to make use of different options regarding leases and sales. Nevertheless, a strategic and cost efficient heavy equipment procurement is only one import step towards a strategic equipment management. As a next step there is need to improve the utilization of heavy equipment regarding equipment logistics, maintenance and repair to increase return on investment over the equipment's lifecycle. Therefore, the paper presents an approach to predict a reliable heavy equipment demand by computing the monthly utilization rate with support vector machines regression. In total, sample data of over 111 construction projects between 2013 and 2015 is computed. A better knowledge of the upcoming equipment demand for future projects allows to progress from an ad-hoc equipment management to a data-driven strategic equipment management. Benefits of the presented approach are discussed in order to increase return of investment by renting out unused equipment or in order to balance out the heavy equipment fleet by reducing respectively buying new equipment.


Vascular damage (VD), glomerular sclerosis (GS), renin (PRA) and blood pressure were assessed in 50 patients with Berger's nephropathy. GS was present in 5/15 patients without VD and affected more than 15 per cent of glomeruli in seven patients with minimal VD. Nine out of 19 patients with GS were normotensive. VD was present in 35 patients: 16 were hypertensive and 19 normotensive. Therefore hypertension is not the only mechanism responsible for VD. In the seven normotensive patients with high PRA, GS was not present while VD was absent or minimal.


Within the context of the investigations conducted on the lithic assemblages of the lower Palaeolithic both to intensify his technological or typological features and to define a view more realistic of the cultural points which are characteristics of the low and middle Acheulean, the Authors explain one of the several assemblages collected on the alluvial quaternary terraces of the Wadi El Harad, East of the Hisma basin.


Purposc: Lidocaine diffuses across endotracheal tube cuffs, which may serve as a reservoir for local anesthetic to assist in the prevention of E-l-l--induced cough while emerging from general anesthesia. However, the rate of diffusion is slow. Two techniques, alkalization and warming, may increase the proportion of uncharged drug available for diffusion. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of warming alkalization or warming with alkalization on diffusion. Methods: Four preparations of lidocaine 4% were studied. Group (Gr) L -lidocaine (24~ Gr WL warmed lidocaine (38~ Gr AL alkalized lidocaine (24~ Gr WAL warmed, alkalized lidocaine (38~ Twenty-four Mallinckrodt 8.0 ID (Mallinckrodt Critical Care Division of Mallinckrodt, Inc., Glens Falls, New York) endotracheal tube cults were filled with 6 ml of one of the four preparations. They were then placed in a 20 ml water bath at 38~ and samples were drawn from the water bath at intervals for up to 360 rain. The lidocaine concentration in each sample was determined by gas chromatography. Results: The highest lidocaine concentration was reached in Gr WAL (410.98 --8.53/Jg'ml -i) after 300 min and then decreased to 376.18 ___ 4.59/Jg'ml -~ after 360 rain. In Gr AL the highest concentration (235.05 _-_ 2.99 Hg.ml -I) was reached after 360 rain. Lidocaine concentrations in Gr L and WL after 360 min were 3.19 __I. 16 Hg-ml -I and 4.32 +2.02/lg'ml -I respectively. C o n d i t i o n : Alkalization with or without warming, but not warming alone, promotes lidocaine diffusion from endotracheal tube cuff.


Pseudo code is one of the valuable artifacts to comprehending the complex program codes. Most of the source code still has no equivalent pseudo code, due to the time-consuming process of writing pseudo codes. In this work, we have developed an approach to generate pseudo code from the python source code. In the first step, we convert python code into XML code for better code information extraction. Next, Important information extracted from the XML code, which later on used to generate actual pseudo code with the help of pseudo code templates. Initial performance results have been discussed in this paper.


To examine the value of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a predictor of surgical margin (SM) status in patients with prostate cancer (PC).


This short paper introduces the symposium titled "EV's New Technologies and Possibility". It points out future usage of pure EV's seen in recent small size vehicles, activity of EV committee of IEE-Japan, and new possibility from control point of view.


The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies makes it possible to improve the performance of technological and logistic processes. These processes can include a wide range of IoT technologies and solutions, like cloud, fog or edge computing, intelligent tools and gentelligent products, mobile robots, 3D printing, virtual reality or last but not at least digital twin solutions. Within the frame of this article the author describes the potential of digital twin technology to improve the performance of real-time optimisation in complex logistics systems. After a short literature review, this paper introduces the conception of digital twin solutions. The model of digital twin supported real-time optimisation of an in-plant logistics system is described including the structure, the mathematical model, the solution algorithm, and the computational results. The scenario analysis of the described system validates the model and the efficiency of digital twin solutions.


The DNA molecules were pre-pared for electron microscopy by the basic protein film-formamide spread-ing method.The lengths of the linear double stranded λ DNA and its EcoRl restriction fragments were measured from the electron micrographs.The homoduplex molecule between A DNA and its three EcoRl restriction fragments was prepared at the molar ratio of 1:22.The lengths of the double stranded regions of the three homoduplex mo-lecules agreed with those of the F_1 F_3,F_4,fragments respectively,and both ends of all double stranded re-gions were flanked by the single stra-ded regions.The total length of the heteroduplex molecule between A DNA and λ plac 5 DNA was about the same as that of the A DNA molecule and a single stranded loop was located between 41.5-47.2% of the molecule.


The solid propellant formulation and property database (SPFPD) is designed, while a number of solid propellant formulations and property data are analyzed. SPFPD consists of some study results and basic reference data tables in the propellant formulation field. Visual C++ language is used to design an objectoriented database application system under Windows98 operation system. This system can be used to inquire and update the data of the database or to process experimental data of the burning rate. 


Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) has emerged as a powerful tool to synthesize polymer-tethered particles (here called particle brushes) that can self-assemble into hybrid materials with well-defined microstructure, morphology, and enhanced mechanical properties or optical transparency, as compared to binary particle/polymer nanocomposite materials. However, side reactions—such as the thermal self-initiation (TSI) of some monomers, such as styrene, during the polymerization—can result in the formation of varying amounts of homopolystyrene, in addition to particle brushes. The presence of homopolystyrene impurity reduces the predictability of properties and impedes the interpretation of structure–property relations in particle brush materials. This contribution presents a systematic evaluation of the formation of TSI homopolystyrene and its implications on the properties of polystyrene-tethered silica based particle brush materials. Kinetic and molecular weight studies reveal...


This paper presents a synthesis of semiconductor frequency converter's mathematical model that is based on the six-phase active rectifier with sinusoidal PWM and current-source inverter with space-vector PWM using spectral method based on the algorithm of the Fast Fourier Transform.


Several movements conceptualise cities' educational, cultural and urban/regional/transnational development aspects, such as Educating Cities, Children's City, or URBACT's. Cultural tourism/Edutourism, seen as a non-formal, lifelong education formula led by the individuals, has also played an important role, enhancing the value of cities in the broader sense. Monitoring people's opinion about the city and getting them to actively participate also enlightens those movements. This paper presents a research on the renewal of Chaves's historic centre (HC), whose rationale considered educational communities as partners. Results showed that teachers value urban renewal processes, while being critical, though. They emphasize the need for information and training. The HC should be a space for families to live in and is referred to as a multiple use educational resource.