DESIGN OF SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE BASED BANDPASS FILTERS AND POWER DIVIDERS Sinan Kurudere M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Vakur B. Ertürk July, 2013 A microwave system is, in general, designed by using fundamental components such as filters, couplers, dividers, etc. Due to the fact that wavelength becomes comparable with lumped element dimensions, at microwave frequencies distributed elements are used for building these components. Microstrip based devices can be used up to certain frequencies. However, when radiation loss increases, waveguide based devices are used which are bulky and costly. Recently, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based devices have attracted the attention of many researchers due to low cost, lightweight and efficient high frequency characteristics. SIW is the printed circuit realization of a waveguide. SIW is fabricated on a dielectric material with top and bottom sides are conductors, and two linear arrays of metallic vias form the side walls. In this thesis, by using SIW structure, iris type bandpass filters are designed, analyzed and fabricated for verification. After that, complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and dumbbell type defected ground structure (DGS) etched filters that are available in the literature are investigated and verified with simulations. Having investigated different filter topologies in the literature, a novel SIW based bandpass filter is proposed, where its second harmonic is suppressed using a dumbbell type DGS underneath the microstrip feed line. The filter is demonstrated with a fabricated prototype, where the simulated and measured results agree well. Furthermore, SIW based power dividers available in the literature and the corrugated SIW (CSIW) architecture which uses open-circuit ended quarter-wavelength stubs instead of vias as the sidewalls, are investigated. CSIW architecture is implemented to a power divider structure available in the literature and a novel CSIW based high isolation power divider is designed and demonstrated with a fabricated prototype. Good agreement between simulated and fabricated results are observed.


Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold great promise for optoelectronic devices, but their potential for successful application is limited by the various types of atomic defects that can exist [1]. Such defects can be introduced during growth, processing, and subsequent analysis, and their structures can be understood using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).


Patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias treated by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) have an ongoing risk of sudden incapacitation that might cause harm to others while driving a car. Thus, if an ICD patient has a medical condition that might cause sudden unexpected unconsciousness that cannot be controlled by medical treatment, it is justified to set up recommendations, guidelines or regulations preventing that ICD patient from driving, since unconsciousness might result in death or injury to the patient and others. The rights of the ICD patient compete with the rights of society to legislate for the level of risk that it considers acceptable for the driving of a car by ICD patients. Any policy must be fair to individuals, recognizing that restrictions may limit personal freedom, job security, and feelings of well-being. Some flexibility must be allowed since the risks associated with arrhythmia recurrence must be placed on a continuum within the context of vocational, personal, and societal needs. The members of the Study Group appreciated these concerns. It must be recognized, however, that the goal of a zero percent risk is unobtainable and that society has already accepted a certain level of risk by allowing other groups of patients such as the young and elderly to resume driving'^'.


Atherosclerosis is a polyetiologic disease. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the role of the microbiota in atherogenesis from the perspective of inflammatory theory. Based on experimental and clinical data, the endotoxin theory of atherosclerosis was formulated. Confirmation of the important role of intestinal lipopolysaccharide in atherogenesis is the age dynamics of systemic endotoxemia parametrs and lipid profile. The goal of our study was to identify the relationship between the indicators of systemic endotoxemia and the generally accepted risk factors for atherosclerosis, especially the age dynamics and the influence of gender. Methods. We examined 113 patients middle age. All patients were assessed for risk factors for atherosclerosis according to the SCORE scale. Patients were assigned to the average risk group (up to 5%), rated themselves as "healthy", did not present any complaints at the time of the survey. The body mass index was up to 30 kg/m2. Indicators of the lipid profile were determined ("StatFax" 3300 analyzer, USA, "Analyticon" reagents, Germany): the level of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, the atherogenic index and the concentration of low-density lipoprotein were calculated. The parameters of systemic endotoxemia were determined: the concentration of lipopolysaccharide using a micro-LAL test, the level of antibodies to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipopolysaccharide molecule using the "SOIS-ELISA" method. Results. A direct significant correlation was found between the concentration of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, depending on age. When constructing a regression model of the age dynamics, the concentrations of lipopolysaccharides, antibodies to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipopolysaccharide molecule were not detected (p> 0.05). When adjusted for gender, the age dynamics of systemic endotoxemia was also not observed. When visually assessing the graphs, attention is drawn to the fact that women have an age-related tendency to increase the level of lipopolysaccharide and a decrease in the concentration of antibodies to the hydrophilic part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule. In addition, gender differences in lipid profile and lipopolysaccharide levels were found. Conclusion. The significant age-related dynamics of the lipid profile in the presence of a tendency to an increase in the level of lipopolysaccharide and a decrease in the concentration of antibodies to the hydrophilic part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule, which has certain gender differences, revealed the necessity and feasibility of continuing research with an increase in the number of subjects and in the extended age range.


Welcome to the 6th ACM SIGMM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval. Extending beyond the borders of culture, art, and science, the search for digital information is one of the major challenges of our time. Bio-computing & medical science, digital libraries, the Internet, streaming video, databases, cultural heritage collections and peer-2-peer networks have created a worldwide need for new paradigms and techniques on how to browse, search, and summarize multimedia collections. MIR'04 is a peer-reviewed meeting for scientific researchers and users to discuss important challenges in multimedia retrieval

Following the success of the five previous MIR workshops held in conjunction with the ACM Multimedia Conferences, the purpose of the 6th ACM SIGMM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval (MIR'04) is to discuss the state of the art between researchers, developers, and practitioners from academia and industry.

In this workshop, we focussed on novel techniques and paradigms which expand the boundaries of the field. When selecting the contributions to be presented in this workshop, we aimed at representing the state-of-the-art in the challenge of searching for multimedia information. The 42 papers presented in these proceedings were selected from a total of 107 submissions. This considerable large number of submissions required considerable effort from the program committee and made the selection process very difficult. We hope that the papers presented here as well as the discussions at the workshop will define new issues and research challenges for the Multimedia Information Retrieval community


The invention provides a specific press mounting mechanism for an axle elastic check ring, which includes the following steps: a pressing tool body is a tower-shaped cavity; one end of an air spring is sustained with the top end of a first cavity of the pressing tool body; a first solid lubricating bearing is sustained with a second column cavity of the pressing tool body. The other end of the first solid lubricating bearing is fixedly connected with a side wall of the pressing tool body; a locating squeeze head is arranged in the first solid lubricating bearing; a guide tip of the locating squeeze head is buckled and connected with an axle end of an assembly axle; a guiding body is connected with the pressing tool body through a second solid lubricating bearing; a compression spring is arranged in a third column cavity; the lower part of the guiding body is provided with a guiding rib; the guiding body is sleeved and connected with the assembly axle; the locating squeeze head leads the pressing tool body and the guiding body to be located opposite to the assembly axle along the radial direction; the elastic check ring is accurately pressed and mounted in place on the guiding body by the pressing tool body, thus overcoming the detects of poor locating performance and easy deformation of the check ring in a traditional press mounting process. The invention has the advantages of simple structure form, easy and convenient operation as well as high practicability, etc.


Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the data belonging to patients who were diagnosed with benign or malignant soft tissue and bone tumors and tumor-like lesions evaluated by musculoskeletal tumor study group of Trakya University Faculty of Medicine in between January 2013 and June 2017 and the relationship between the frequency of benign, malignant bone and soft tissue tumors and tumor-like lesions, with the patients' age and gender. Methods: The data of 687 patients who were evaluated by the musculoskeletal tumor study group of Trakya University Faculty of Medicine between January 2013- June 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. All of the data was analyzed by using SPSS. Chi-square analysis was used to obtain categorical data in order to point out the distribution of age and gender of patients with musculoskeletal system tumors and tumor-like lesions. Results: The number of patients over the period from January 2013 to June 2017 was 687. The number of patients who were evaluated by biopsy and acquired histopathologic confirmation of their condition was 341. The mean of patients' ages was 44.3±21.4 (4-92). Among 341 patients, 106 (47.1%) patients were female and 119 (52.9%) patients were male. The mean of females' ages was 43.7±20.4 (4-92). The mean of males' ages was 44.7±22.4 (5-90). Conclusion: Benign bone and soft tissue tumors were more common than malignant tumors. Benign bone tumors were predominantly seen in young adults. Our results was consistent with the literature however due to some patients who did not need a pathological sampling, our sample size was smaller than intended. With better archived information, more consistent results could be obtained in further studies.


In a post-apartheid South Africa, the value of reflective memories and their impact on community history gives credibility to their relationship with personal struggles such as disability, be it physical or political. Shaped by South African Indian heritage, an isolated individualised case of a second-generation descendant's ability–disability experience is researched and narrated in this article. The respondent, Dr Kasturi Varley is a woman of the South African Indian community, who was born almost 101 years after the first shipload of Indian indentured labourers arrived in the then Colony of Natal. Her memories shed light on a unique Indo-African-European experience. Her indentured paternal grandfather arrived in the African continent in August 1900. Her reflective memories and shared experiences of various episodes of the ability–disability paradigm add to the body of knowledge of the Indian indentured labour system that already exists and partially fills up the prevalent gaps in the research on this topic. Her story is unique in that she worked wheelchair-bound at the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna, Austria and subsequently settled in the United Kingdom. This study applied a qualitative research methodology.Contribution: This article provides insight on reflective memories within the domain of social memory and contributes to an understanding of the historiography of the descendants of Indian indentured labourers in South Africa. In 2020, this community commemorated the 160th anniversary of the arrival of the labourers to the Colony of Natal.


It plays a very important role for traditional workshop planning and scheduling system to achieve Production goals—time, quality and cost. With the emergence of Green Manufacturing, resource using and environmental impact has become important factors in manufacturing system decisions. Based on the analyzing of environmental impact of equipment, scheduling, raw material consumption and waste resources emissions, the structure of workshop processing scheduling system is established for green manufacturing. This kind of scheduling system can help to achieve the integrated goals of green manufacturing better which is constituted by economy, resource using and waste emissions.


Work is now underway to simplify, clarify, and update the world's most used content standard for bibliographic description and access – the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. The title of this presentation is the working title for a new cataloging code, and we will call it RDA for short. Why are we doing this? " Simplify " " " Provide more consistency where appropriate " Improve collocation " " Encourage use as a content standard for metadata schema Encourage international applicability Work/expression level citation/relationships New approach to GMDs Why a new code? We've stated that we don't intend for there to be a real major change like we experienced with AACR2 and " desuperimposition, " –more about that in a moment. Given the complexity of applying AACR2 to materials in today's environment of analog and digital and mixed media, we see an opportunity to simplify the code and to establish it as a content standard for resource description. We want to respond to international communities of libraries and other information providers worldwide that have told us they'd like AACR to evolve to become an international standard. A new code will be easier to use and interpret, will be more consistent and contain less redundancy, demonstrating the commonalities of different types of content and providing supplemental rules for the aspects that are unique. We want to address current problems with uniform titles and GMDs (general material designators), and the code will include new conceptual and procedural introductions to assist users and to link rules to the functions of catalogs, especially improving collocation in displays, building on the strong foundations of international cataloging traditions.


For centuries, religious buildings have been using bells to call the faithful to prayer. Bell-ringing activity on church premises does not serve a purely religious function, however, as people in the community may perceive this activity secularly, attributing their own meanings and significances towards these sounds. If bell ringing (or the actual sound) were found to have great significance to a specific community, denomination, or a regionality bracket, this may have future implications in any management of these resources. There is a need to hear the voices of the actual practitioners and their perceptions regarding what they, their congregations, and their host communities feel. This paper represents the first large-scale assessment of the views of practitioners of five major Christian denominations with regards to bell-ringing practice and its role in contemporary society.


The dynamics of spin and mechanical displacement in ionic materials are independently well understood. This abstract work aims to investigate the spin and the displacement dynamics of two ions, whi ...


AbstractAn analysis of fission product release during the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) accident has been performed to provide an understanding of fission product behavior that is consistent with both the best-estimate accident scenario and fission product results from the sample acquisition and examination efforts. "Firstprinciples" fission product release models are used to describe release from intact, disrupted, and molten fuel during the various phases of the TMI-2 accident.Extensive gaseous and volatile fission product release is calculated to have occurred, with local regions of the core experiencing up to 100% release. Diffusion is calculated to have dominated release during the initial core heatup, while bubble coalescence and rise dominated release from the large consolidated region of molten material. The calculations are generally consistent with fission product retention data from upper and lower plenum debris bed samples. An exception to this is the small retention of cesium in the lower ...


The presence of more than a hundred wave-dominated public baths on the rocky surf coast of the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW) testifies to the enthusiasm of that coast's colonial and post-colonial residents and visitors for structures enabling 'safe enough' day and night immersion in the sea. Beach and pool cultures mix at these challenging public pools, which illuminate the leisure-time relationships with surf, rips, sharks and the NSW rocky shores, and counterpoint other pool and beach cultures within and beyond Australia. The generally unsupervised ocean baths are valued beach safety measures that both predated and continue to complement the lifesaver-patrolled surf beaches. Ocean baths served both to promote tourism and residential development along the NSW coast and to provide training grounds for local, Australian and Olympic sporting champions. While no longer used for elite competitive swimming, these pools remain important venues for recreation and learn-to-swim programs as well as for club and school swimming. Despite the present reluctance to develop ocean baths at new sites, the existing ocean baths are still regarded as iconic beauty spots facilitating and exemplifying a joyous, healthy, egalitarian, sustainable coastal lifestyle.


Using S&P500 companies as a sample, this paper investigates the effectiveness of fair value option in reducing information asymmetry. In February 2007, FASB announced statement 159, '' The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities '' (SFAS No.159). This statement provides companies the option to measure financial assets and liabilities by fair value (i.e. Fair Value Option). The FASB believes that the adoption of SFAS No.159 would benefit from mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by accounting mismatch. Moreover, resulting from hedge accounting simplification and more disclosure requirements, lower forecast dispersion is expected. Therefore, the hypothesis of whether adopting fair value option is negatively related to information asymmetry is tested. Results of the study are inconsistent with the hypotheses. This empirical result could come to the explanation that the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis and the following financial crisis might affect the data period of FVO due to this special period. Hence, the empirical results of this study do not support the hypotheses that adopting the FVO leads to decreased information asymmetry.


In the W district,a new nonlinear seismic prediction method combined with the SVM method and the frequency division method are used in reservoir porosity prediction.As a new machine learning algorithm based on statistical theory,the SVM built an invisible mapping relationship between input and output.In fact,the log data are applied as the input vector of the SVM.Then,optimized parameters are picked by the SVM,the kernel function for sampled data is constructed,and the global optimum is achieved.While,the frequency division method uses the Short-Time Fast Fourier Transform(SFFT) to seismic data to recognize frequency transformation,from which frequency divides data volume with high resolution can be got and input as individual data volume to improve the solution and accuracy of reservoir porosity inversion.The combined prediction method is of the advantage of two methods mentioned above,and it works well in the reservoir of high nonlinear features.In this paper,the reservoir porosity prediction technique is applied to the frequency divided data and the log data,based on actual seismic data of the W district,to predict the porosity of Zhuhai Formation,and obtain its reservoir porosity profile and data volume of high solution and accuracy.As result,the prediction porosity of Zhuhai Formation was consistent with the log porosity,with their correlation coefficient of 0.816~0.945,and with average value of 0.882,demonstrating the high reliability and accuracy of this prediction method.The successful application of this technique in the W district proves that it is of great generality and can be extended to more cases with good prediction result.


A complex function f in the unit disk is said to be in the class CCSC if f is close-to-convex and there is a convex Schwarz-Christoffel mapping φ such that f is close to φ. It is shown that CCSC includes all close-to-convex mappings of order β - 1 but does not include all close-to-convex mappings.


For the technical requirements and functional specifications of DL/T 614 "Multifunctional Meter",the paper takes the ultra-low power MCU MSP430F149 as the controller,and the ATT7022B as the measurement chip to complete the design of multi-function meter system through the design of PC software.The system can realize the function of remote meter reading and remote calibration,and also the accuracy achieves the multi-function meter's measurement requirements of level 1.


A 1/9 th scale, aeroelastically equivalent Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV) is desired to investigate the gust response of a Joined-Wing Sensorcraft concept. In order to achieve aeroelastic similarity between the reduced and full scale models, several key scaling parameters must be applied. These parameters are derived from the governing aeroelastic equations of motion and are used to scale the baseline modal response. Several optimization strategies are developed and applied in order to match the 1/9 th scale article's modal response with that of the scaled baseline. Special consideration is required as this model is to be used for flight testing and therefore an initial, "rigid", airworthy aircraft is designed for an initial flight test program. The design of this initial model will help determine component space reservations and masses, which is critical for subsequent aeroelastic scaling work.


The dynamics of crustal extension and the crust-mantle interaction in the Central-Western Mediterranean and Italian peninsula (i.e. Liguro-Provençal and Tyrrhenian Basin), and plate convergence (i.e. Alpine and Apennines chains) are key for the understating of the current geodynamics setting and its evolution in the region. However, open questions such as the style, depth and extent of the deformation still exist despite the wealth of seismological and non-seismological data acquired in the past decades. In this context, it is necessary to provide improved subsurface models in terms of seismic velocities, from which better constraints on the geodynamic models can be derived.

We use seismic ambient noise for retrieving phase velocities of Rayleigh and Love waves in the 4-35 s period range, using private (LiSard network in Sardinia island) and publicly available continuous recordings from more than 500 seismic stations. Considering the excellent coverage and the short period of recovered phase velocities, our study aims to provide an unprecedented, high-resolution image of the shallow crust and uppermost mantle.

We employ a Bayesian trans-dimensional, Monte Carlo Markov chain inversion approach that requires no a-priori model nor a fixed parametrization. In addition to the (isotropic) shear wave velocity structure, we also recover the values of radial anisotropy (ξ=(VSH/VSV)2) as a function of depth, thanks to the joint inversion of both Rayleigh and Love phase velocities.

Focusing on radial anisotropy, this appears clearly uncoupled with respect to the shear wave velocity structure. The largest negative anisotropy anomalies (VSH<VSV, ξ<0.9) are found in the Liguro-Provençal and western Tyrrhenian basins in the top 10-15 km, suggesting a common structural imprint inherited during the extensional phases of such basins. Conversely, the eastern Tyrrhenian basin shows positive radial anisotropy (VSH>VSV, ξ>1.1) within the same depth range. This evidence, combined with the observed shear wave velocities typical of the uppermost mantle, corroborates the presence of a sub-horizontal asthenospheric flow driving the current extension and oceanization of the eastern Tyrrhenian basins.

Moving towards the Italian mainland, a strong anomaly of negative anisotropy appears in the eastern portion of the Apennines chain. We relate such an anisotropic signal with the ongoing compressive regime affecting the area. Here, the high-angle thrust faults and folds, that accommodates the horizontal shortening, obliterate the horizontal layering of the sedimentary deposits, currently constituting the flanks of the fold system.

Our results suggest that the combination of radial anisotropy and shear wave velocities can unravel key characteristics of the crust and uppermost mantle, such as inherited or currently active structures resulting from past or ongoing geodynamic processes.


The systematic name of pteroic acid is 4-{[(2-amino3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-pteridin-6-yl)methyl]-amino} benzoic acid. However, the use of 'dihydro' in this systematic name of the parent non-reduced compound should be carefully distinguished from the use of 'dihydro' in the names of reduced derivative, where it refers to the pyrazine ring. 2-Aminopteridin-4-(3H)one also occurs in other biologically important derivatives, and may be called pterin.


Water Quality Index (WQI) is a widely used technique in defining the quality of groundwater and finding whether it is advisable for human use. It is utmost necessary steps to understand the physical and chemical parameters defining the water quality for particular period and location using WQI calculation as it gives information in a single value. WQI has been calculated in twenty ground water samples collected from selected sampling stations at Madurai in the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon seasons. The water quality index values suggested that almost all the ground water samples were above 150, which indicated that they were unfit for drinking and one sample from Vilangudi had WQI less than 100 which indicated the water as poor category for drinking but could be used for irrigation purposes. The groundwater quality is also defined to be little better during post monsoon season in all the samples than during pre-monsoon and monsoon season.


The Regulatory Council for Organic Farming in the Canarian Island (CRAE) has defined organic principles including an Agroecology definition. The scientific fundaments of organic farming is the agroecology, an integrated science that takes care of the study of agriculture from a holistic perspective: considering not only the technical or agronomic aspect, but also other dimensions: 2.) the societal 3) economic and 4.) environmental one. The aims of the agroecology are: to achieve that the agrarian activity is sustainable (able to maintain indefinitely in the time and by its own means, with the minimum of external support), from anyone of the four considered points of view. It can be download from the webpage: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/agricultura/alimentacion/ecologica/manual.htm in spanish


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss issues pertaining to the management of court records in Botswana.Design/methodology/approach – The paper shows the use of questionnaires, structured and unstructured interviews with the High Court administrators and records keepers as well as personal observations on how records are managed, inspection of storage facilities and observations on records retrieval procedures.Findings – Concludes that in the past the management of legal records at the High Court received little attentions, but now the High Court has embarked on measures including the introduction of an automated court record system to manage its records.Practical implications – The paper shows that the effective management of legal records is of crucial to the administration of justice and that there is a need to pay closer attention to the management of court records.Originality/value – This paper brings together issues related to the management of court records at the High Court in Botswana.


Wearable electronics is a rapidly growing field that recently started to introduce successful commercial products into the consumer electronics market. Employment of biopotential signals in wearable systems as either biofeedbacks or control commands are expected to revolutionize many technologies including point of care health monitoring systems, rehabilitation devices, human–computer/machine interfaces (HCI/HMIs), and brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). Since electrodes are regarded as a decisive part of such products, they have been studied for almost a decade now, resulting in the emergence of textile electrodes. This study presents a systematic review of wearable textile electrodes in physiological signal monitoring, with discussions on the manufacturing of conductive textiles, metrics to assess their performance as electrodes, and an investigation of their application in the acquisition of critical biopotential signals for routine monitoring, assessment, and exploitation of cardiac (electrocardiography, ECG), neural (electroencephalography, EEG), muscular (electromyography, EMG), and ocular (electrooculography, EOG) functions.


Based on synthetic Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye,this paper studies the dyeing technological conditions of silk fabrics with Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye under salt-free neutral conditions. The experiment results show that optimal process conditions of dyeing are as follows: dyeing temperature 100 ℃,heat preservation for 50 min. This dye process has a high dye-uptake and fixation rate for silk fabrics under salt-free neutral conditions. Meanwhile,dyed silk fabrics have a high color fastness to rubbing and washing. Dyeing of silk fabrics with Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye has simple process and low production cost.


ZK60 alloy strip with 3.5mm thickness which produced by Twin Roll Casting (designated as TRC in short) was used in this paper. The effect of sequential annealing on microstructure and damping capacity of TRC ZK60 alloy was studied by using optical microscope (OM) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The dendrite structure was present in TRC ZK60 alloy strip before and after annealing heat treatment. A few of recrystallized grains were present after annealed at 400°C for 1hr. The damping capacity of the strip as annealed at 400°C was better than that of annealed at the lower temperature. The room temperature (25°C) damping values (Q-1) of ZK60 strip which was annealed at 300°C, 350°C and 400°C were 0.0079, 0.0085 and 0.0096, respectively. The damping peak P1 is a relaxation process, but the damping peak P2 is not a relaxation process. The activation energy H for P1 of TRC ZK60 strip after annealed at 400°C for 1hr was 114KJ/mol. The damping peak P1 was attributed to boundary slip controlled by grain boundary diffusion and lattice self-diffusion.


In the present paper, we study the notions of an almost generalized weakly symmetric $\alpha$-cosymplectic manifolds and an almost generalized weakly Ricci-symmetrik $\alpha$-cosymplectic manifolds.


The General Electric Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (SBWR) employs a passive containment cooling system (PCCS) to maintain long-term containment gas pressure and temperature below design limits during accidents. This system consists of a steam supply line that connects the upper portion of the drywell with a vertical shell-and-tube single pass heat exchanger located in an open water pool outside of the containment safety envelope. The heat exchanger tube outlet is connected to a vent line that is submerged below the suppression pool surface but above the main suppression pool horizontal vents. Steam generated in the post-shutdown period flows into the heat exchanger tubes as the result of suction and/or a low pressure differential between the drywell and suppression chamber. Operation of the PCCS is complicated by the presence of noncondensables in the flow stream. Build-up of noncondensables in the exchanger and vent line for the periods when the vent is not cleared causes a reduction in the exchanger heat removal capacity. As flow to the exchanger is reduced due to the noncondensable gas build-up, the drywell pressure increases until the vent line is cleared and the noncondensables are purged into the suppression chamber, restoring the heat removal capability of themore » PCCS. This paper reports on progress made in modeling SBWR containment loads using the CONTAIN code. As a central part of this effort, a PCCS model development effort has recently been undertaken to implement an appropriate model in CONTAIN. The CONTAIN PCCS modeling approach is discussed and validated. A full SBWR containment input deck has also been developed for CONTAIN. The plant response to a postulated design basis accident (DBA) has been calculated with the CONTAIN PCCS model and plant deck, and the preliminary results are discussed.« less


We present the first view of the magnetic field structure in the OH shell of the supergiant NML Cygni (NML Cyg). MERLIN interferometric observations of this object were obtained in 1993 October in full polarization, at 1612 and 1665 MHz. They reveal a complex structure in both total intensity and polarization. At 1612 MHz, the majority of the components lie along a north-west-south-east (NW-SE) geometrical axis along which a velocity gradient is clearly evident. The polarization vectors associated with these maser spots are roughly aligned on that same NW-SE axis. The distribution of the external and fainter components is spherical and the associated polarization vectors have a tangential distribution. The total extent of the maser emission at 1612 MHz is about 5.3 arcsec. At 1665 MHz, the maser spot distribution reveals an incomplete spherical shell of total extent about 2.5 arcsec. As observed for the 1612-MHz spherical emission, the polarization vectors associated with the 1665-MHz spherically distributed maser spots show a tangential distribution. This dichotomy strongly suggests the existence of two distinct OH shells; an older shell, exhibiting the spherical maser spot distribution and a tangential distribution of the polarization vectors, and a more recent shell showing a NW-SE maser spot distribution with associated polarization vectors along that same axis.


The influence of planting density of thyme plants on its productivity under drip irrigation has been studied. Economic calculations of seedling cultivation efficiency have been performed. It was found that in the first year of thyme vegetation due to low yields and high costs for the plantation, the profitability of production is close to zero and only in the version with a density of 111 thousand plants/ha it is 11,6%. In the second year, the cost of growing thyme is lower compared to the first year of the growing season, the yield of dry raw materials is higher, as a result, economic indicators are much higher, the profitability of production is from 42,0 to 158,3%. It was found that from the economic point of view, the most effective is the cultivation of thyme with a density of 111 thousand plants / ha, both in the first and second years of the growing season. Analyzing the structure of costs for cultivation and primary processing, the factors that most significantly affect the cost of raw materials are identified. The most costly item in the cost structure is wages. In the first year of cultivation it accounted for 35,6–47,4% of total costs, in the second year the share was 53,3–53,4%. This article is quite significant due to the involvement of manual labor for the care of crops. The high efficiency of seedling cultivation of thyme under the conditions of drip irrigation has been proved.


To the Editor.— Smiley and associates (240:2736,1978) recommend hemoperfusion as a standard treatment of digoxin intoxication. According to our own investigations 1 and those of others, 2,3 we agree with these results as far as high clearance rates for digoxin are concerned. But in our opinion, plasma clearance is only one factor attributing to the efficiency of hemoperfusion. At least as important is the plasma-tissue distribution of the drug that is to be eliminated. Less than 1% of the total body pool of digoxin (normal range, 1 to 2 mg) is accumulated in the plasma (normal concentration, 1 to 2 ng—L). In our experimental model, we used dogs because their digoxin pharmacokinetics are comparable with those in humans. 4,5 In 12 dogs (body weight, 20 to 25 kg) chronically digitalized with 0.05 mg/kg of digoxin intravenously for three days before the hemoperfusion experiment, we tested the influence of the absorbent


In 1962, Illinois Institute of Technology introduced a program to introduc e high school students to computer science. This student program evolved over twelv e years to a program designed specificall y to train high school teachers of variou s disciplines how to use computers availabl e to them in their classroom situations. The purpose of this paper is to discus s the evolution of the present program an d to consider where the program is going i n the future. In 1962, a need was expressed fo r introducing high school students to computer science. IIT answered this nee d by providing Saturday programs. Thes e programs ran either four or eigh t Saturdays with the four week session s running from 9 :00 A .M. to 3 :00 P .M, an d the eight week sessions running for a half day. The courses were designed t o introduce students to a language. Initially that language was FORTRAN bu t later IITRAN* became the standar d language and one of the courses use d SPANTRAN, a Spanish version of IITRAN. Students were charged a small fee fo r the course so that interest in the cours e would be insured, but there was no credi t attached. Initially between 700 and 80 0 students were taught in a large lectur e hall, but shortly after the inceptio n of the program the course was broke n into sections of about 100 student s per session. When a n. interest was expressed fo r more advanced courses, IIT answered th e call again by offering a course as lon g as a registration of 25-30 students wa s guaranteed. Advanced FORTRAN, advanced IITRAN, and simulators of assembl y languages were offered in these courses. In the ten years that the Saturda y high school student courses were offered , about 20,000 students went through th e program. About two years after the inception o f the high school program, high schoo l teachers requested a parallel program. They were driving the students to IIT an d were sitting in on the lectures so the y felt it would be advantageous to have a separate program of their own. The firs t such course was run for 14 teachers an d was similar to the student course in tha t it was a bare introduction to programmin g with no credit …


The problem of Web service composition is the process of selecting, combining and executing services to establish reusable and versatile operability applications. This paper first gives a survey of the current problems and solutions of semantic Web services and gives an analysis of the relationship of the semantic Web, Web services and agents. In the process, the description logic is used, which is detailed as the formal tool of semantic Web and used to formalize the service composition problem, while an autonomic semantic Web service composition method is proposed based on planning algorithms by increasing limitation conditions and adopting agent strategies.


A new fluorescent reagent,salicyladehyde-2-carboxy-phenylhydrazone(SACPH),was synthesized and the optimum conditions for its fluorescence reaction with mercury ions(Hg2+) was studied in detail.Based on the stable Hg2+SACPH complex,a spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of Hg2+ in a buffer solution(NH4Ac-HCl) of pH 6.The fluorescent excitation and emission wavelengths of the complex were at 316.8 nm and 456.0 nm,respectively.The molar ratio of aluminium to reagent was found to be 1:∶1.The linear range of the method was 0.5-100.0 μg/L and the detection limit was 0.2 μg/L.The proposed method has been used for the determination of trace mercury in mineral water,purified water and industrial waste water with satisfactory results.


A phosphorus-containing dendrimer of up to four generations with phloroglucinol as a core unit was synthesised using a divergent growth method. A repetitive synthetic sequence of several types of reactions was performed by using P(O)Cl3, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-phenylenediamine for the synthesis of this dendritic molecule G4 involving simple condensation reactions. This Schiff's base macromolecule possesses 12 imine bonds and 6-OH groups on the periphery. The structures of the intermediate generations G1, G2, G3 were confirmed by IR, 1H, 13C, 31P NMR and LC/EI MS. The final dendrimer G4 was characterised by IR, 1H, 13C, 31P NMR, Maldi-tof mass spectrometer and C, H, N analysis. The scanning electronic microscopic study and thermogravimetric analysis were also performed for the final dendrimer (G4).


Procedures involving conjugate reinforcement have been used extensively by researchers in developmental psychology, but sparingly by behavior analysts. Based on this trend, this paper calls for a re-examination of conjugate reinforcement as a tool for analyzing automatically reinforced behavior. To this end, studies involving popular conjugate reinforcement preparations are briefly reviewed to highlight the impact of conjugate reinforcement outside of behavior analysis. In addition, results from selected behavior analytic studies are compared to studies involving conjugate reinforcement procedures. Throughout the review, recommendations for extending conjugate reinforcement preparations to the assessment of automatically reinforced behavior are provided. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The paper has made investigations on the management status of 18 agricultural sci-tech periodicals at the provincial level in China, and put forward the trend of agricultural sci-tech periodicals through summing up and analysis of various aspects, including prize award conditions, advertisements publication, index of comprehensive evaluation, and teams of writers, etc.


User's privacy disclosure on social network sites decides the realization of realname registration system of social network and affects healthy development of social network sites.While stealing and abusing privacy information on web enhance people's privacy concern, because of what users refuse to submit necessary information or submit fake information.This research combined TPB Model and Theory of Privacy Calculus,then built a comprehensive model to investigate the privacy disclosure behavior in SNS,an empirical research and data analysis with SPSS and Amos are used to verify the effect and degree that perceived benefit and perceived risk have on privacy concern.


Method of successive approximations was used to solve the problem of optimization of multispan continuous beam. Cross section of a beam was a welded I-beam. By the variation of the width of the shelf we ensured that the maximum equivalent stress for energy theory of strength in each section is the same throughout. The solution is made numerically using complex MatLab. Bearing capacity of beams with variable stiffness along the length increased in 2 times in comparison with the beam with constant stiffness and the same mass. The proposed method can be applied to frames, taking into account the contribution of longitudinal forces in the equal stresses. Another effective way to change stiffness is to change the height of the wall of I-beam. In practice curvilinear shape of beams or shelves are not used because of complexity of manufacturing. They are replaced by the discrete form of cross section.


Amorphous-forming Regions of RF-Sputtered Films in the B2O3-Na2O System (Commemoration Issue Dedicated to Professor Sumio Sakka On the Occasion of His Retirement) Author(s) Ota, Rikuo; Wakasugi, Takasi; Nozawa, Yosiyuki; Fukunaga, Jiro Citation Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University (1994), 72(2): 95-104 Issue Date 1994-10-31 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/77577 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher


In this paper there are presented aspects regarding the usage of satellite images with very high spatial resolution in determining the characteristics of forest stands. The focus was mainly on the number of trees per unit area and medium diameter of the crowns. Determinations were made by special processing reception programs followed by the processing of statistical methods.


The enzymatic properties of P2-2 enzyme were determined by using cells of M. radiodurans. The enzyme was: most active at 60°C incubation temperature, stable at 40°C in neutral buffer, and inactivated by heating at 80°C for 15min. Maximal lytic activity occurred at pH 8.5 in Tris-HCl buffer. The range of enzyme stability was between pH 5.5 and 8. Bivalent metal ions, p-chloromercuribenzoate and monoiodo acetate inhibited lytic activity. The molecular weight was estimated to be 16,000 daltons by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. The enzymatic digestion of peptidoglycans from the cell walls of M. radiodurans and M. lysodeikticus liberated free amino groups, but neither reducing groups nor N-acetylhexosamine, indicating that the enzyme was an endopeptidase. From analysis of the N-terminal amino acids of the digests, it is suggested that the P2-2 enzyme cleaves the peptide bond at the carboxyl group of D-alanine in peptidoglycan.


IPsec is a suite of protocols that provides security services on IP layer, in a VPN fashion. Linux is a modern UNIX-like, Open Source operating system. It is suitable for a variety of applications, althought server oriented and exceptional performance on networking.
We study the performance of the implementation of IPsec in Linux kernel. We define the performance measurements and criteria as well as the available options we cant fine-tune. We also study the aspect of performance on different achitectures. Finally we compare IPsec performance with OpenVPN, an alternative VPN solution.


be identified from prior research, the survey approach and the case study approach. The survey method, as utilized by Abney and Lauth (1985), involved the use of a mail survey of state budget officers. This study measured the impact of item veto power by a reported measure of the frequency of its use. However, an analysis confined to the frequency of item veto use does not address the reasons for vetoes and the relationship between the line-item veto power and individual state political environments.


The article discusses the possibility of using the QFD-methodology at a planning stage of new food products. The target group was selected as a category of the population - adolescents. The survey collected data on consumer preferences regarding soft drinks. The "favorites" of soft drinks among teenagers have been identified. By means of the quality function deployment methodology, the "wishes" of the consumer are determined. A "Quality House" has been built, where data on engineering characteristics are presented in a concise form and the main requirements for the developed functional soft drink are identified. Using the method of shares, experts have determined the weightings of quality indicators. The main characteristics have been established, which need to be paid special attention. The data obtained allowed determining the direction in the development of the drink, which will provide its advantages over competitors in the market. It was decided to develop a soft drink based on local plant materials.


The impacts of access to healthcare on health outcomes are important to understand, yet difficult to measure. Researchers have documented the importance of health insurance, quality of local hospitals, and distance to the nearest healthcare facility, but have struggled to identify the impacts of constrained local capacity. I estimate the effect of reduced clinic capacity for abortion services using a natural experiment in Pennsylvania. In 2011, Pennsylvania passed new regulations requiring any facility that provided abortion services to meet ambulatory surgical facility standards, which ultimately caused the closure of almost half of the state's abortion facilities—but all closing facilities were near facilities that remained open. This meant that distance to the nearest clinic was largely unchanged, but local clinic capacity was reduced. I use both a difference-in-differences and a synthetic control design and find similar results. Reduced clinic capacity caused approximately 30 percent fewer abortions to occur in the first 8 weeks of gestation and more abortions to occur at later gestational ages. There is evidence that reduced capacity reduced the overall abortion rate by up to 14 percent. There is also suggestive evidence that reduced clinic capacity increased the overall birth rate by 3.4 percent. JEL Classification: I18, J13, J18


The characterization and the effects of different flame retardant system on the CTI of reinforced PA are described, the reasons for CTI are analyzed and improving methods are suggested.


Saint Isaac of Syria considers the books of the Bible as Holy Scriptures and rightfully refers to their divine meanings that may be gracefully understood by those enhanced with the "inner person". Thus, for Saint Isaac, lectio divina means the four elements that actually mark spiritual progression towards eternity: from reading, going through meditation and prayer ("conversation with the Scriptures") and ending with spiritual contemplation of realities presented/described in the Scriptures


Getting back together with an ex has downsides. There are also good reasons why you might want to and here's how you can go about doing it right.


A simple physical model that predicts the error associated with the monostatic-bistatic equivalence theorem for the case where coupling is significant between sources of scattering is presented. The analysis is discussed in terms of both monochromatic-wave and short-pulse scattering. Experimental verification of the results is provided by isolating the coupling components through use of a high-resolution radar.


East Germany's unemployment rate still doubles that of West Germany and for the last decade its economic growth has been below that of other transition countries. Policy makers often point to the lack of entrepreneurship as one of East Germany's main problems. This paper addresses the question of how East Germany's integration into an established economy, West Germany, may have hindered a fruitful development of entrepreneurship and how this may have affected economic growth. I build a model economy that places Lucas' (1978) span-of-control model into an overlapping-generations framework. Following Hassler and Rodriguez Mora (2000) managerial knowhow is defined as a combination of two factors, innate talent and entrepreneurial parental background. Furthermore, growth depends only on the innate talent of entrepreneurs. In East Germany, the lack of entrepreneurial parental background makes innate talent the decisive factor in occupational choice and more talented entrepreneurs should contribute to high growth rates. However, three key aspects of its integration into West Germany inhibit this mechanism: migration possibilities to West Germany, the way East German wages were regulated upon reunification and the importance of parental background for entrepreneurship in West Germany. Counterfactual experiments show that eliminating any of these three aspects leads to more entrepreneurs, less unemployment, and higher economic growth in East Germany.


Based on the trade statistical data from United Nations Statistics Division,the paper firstly uses the general trade connection intensity as well as the narrow trade connection intensity to measure the compatible degree of high-tech products trade between China and the United States.Then it uses the index of trade specialization coefficient and additive revealed comparative advantage to make further analysis of the types of complementation and reasons.The results are as follows: firstly,the general trade connection intensity of total high-tech products and that of each category of high-tech products are comparatively high,but they tend to decline;secondly,the general complementary types of high-tech products trade between the two countries lie in intra-industry,but different products take on obvious difference;thirdly,China's joining World Trade Organization markedly influences the degree of high-tech products trade connection intensity as well as that of complementary types between China and US;finally,the comparatively high degree of trade connection intensity in export and import and the relative change of international competitiveness have laid the sound foundation for the development of hightech product trade between China and U.S.,but its future development is quite uncertain.


The present invention provides a method of providing information using a data communication network. The information provision method supports an information search using a general public index composed of numerals, characters or period based on information about a person or a business, which is to be searched for, and a personally set index composed of numerals, characters or period preferred by a searcher. Accordingly, the present invention is advantageous in that a searcher can more easily and conveniently search for desired information, and be provided with the information, and in that an integrated search system used for both wired and wireless data communication networks can be constructed.


The chapter house at Melrose was first excavated by the Ministry of Works in 1921, revealing asequence of burials including a heart burial, possibly that of Robert I. Part of the site was re-excavatedin 1996 by Kirkdale Archaeology for Historic Scotland in order to provide better information for thepresentation of the monument. This revealed that the building had expanded in the 13th century, theearly chamber being used as a vestibule. There was a complex sequence of burials in varied forms,including a translated bundle burial and some associated with the cult which developed aroundthe tomb of the second abbot, Waltheof. The heart burial was re-examined (and reburied) and itssignificance is considered in the context of contemporary religious belief and the development of acult. There was evidence for an elaborate tiled floor, small areas of which survive in situ.


Purpose – The University of Saskatchewan (UofS) has indentified five areas of campus life critical to improving the university's sustainability performance: education, research, operations, governance, and community engagement. In recognition of the need to track and assess the university's performance in all of these areas, a study was conducted to identify an effective sustainability‐benchmarking tool for the UofS. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach – In order to indentify an effective benchmarking tool for assessing sustainability for the context of the UofS, two academic‐focused tools and two tools with a broader scope were reviewed. The academic tools are Sustainability Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) and the Campus Sustainability Assessment Framework (CSAF), while the general tools are the College of Sustainability Report Card (CSRC) and the Sustainability Tracking Assessment and Rating System (STARS). Each tool was rated on the basis of 27 questions developed to direc...


Gas exchange rate studies carried out in the laboratory suggest that the stagnant film model is adequate to relate the transfer coefficients of most gases between the atmosphere and sea to an accuracy of ±15%. Estimates of the average film thickness prevailing for the world ocean based on the distribution of natural radiocarbon, bomb-produced radiocarbon, and radon are in good agreement. Radon data from the BOMEX area and from station PAPA lend support to Kanwisher's suggestion that gas exchange rates should vary in proportion to the square of the wind velocity. These observations permit a number of generalizations regarding the potential of the ocean as a source and sink for trace gases to be made. They also permit the more complicated situation for carbon dioxide to be assessed. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1974.tb01948.x


Background Some reports state that infiltrating lobular breast carcinoma (ILC) should not be treated by conservative methods because of a high risk of local recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with conservatively treated ILC have a higher risk of intrabreast relapse than those with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC).


Anaerobic digestion is acceptable technology of energy recovery from organic biodegradable waste that results in production of biogas and digestate. Biogas is composed mainly from methane and carbon dioxide, while other components like hydrogen sulphide, oxygen, ammonia and nitrogen can be find in traces. Use of biogas is various, as a fuel for production of electricity and heat or in production of other biofuels and value-added chemicals. The application of mathematical model Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 implemented in process simulator AQUASIM on anaerobic co-digestion process has been investigated. The continuous process of anaerobic co-digestion has been modelled in a programme and result compared with the measured ones. Feedstock in the biogas power plant is primarily composed from maize silage and animal manure and slurry. Average temperature of the process is about 39 °C that defines mesophilic conditions in reactors. In generated biogas the presence of following components has been determined: methane, oxygen and hydrogen sulphide. Biogas power plant uses generated biogas as a fuel in production of electricity and heat, and digestate is used as a fertilizer on fields. By the correlation of experimental data and model results, the acceptability of model on continuous process has been considered.


The overarching goal of research on physical settings for individuals living with dementia is to identify associations between designed features within the built environment and outcomes of interest. Over the past three decades numerous environmental assessment tools have been developed in several countries, responding to a changing set of care industry values that increasingly prioritize a holistic, quality‐of‐life–driven person‐centered care (PCC) model over a biomedical approach to long‐term care (LTC) provision. This article reviews the diversity, constructs, strengths, and limitations of existing environmental assessment tools and identifies gaps for future tool development.


Two simple fluorescent sensors for Cu(II) ions were synthesized in two reaction steps, using recently developed C–H functionalization reactions for boron dipyrrins, starting from a standard 8-aryl-BODIPY dye and a tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) ligand. At pH 5, the resulting BODIPY–TREN conjugates are demonstrated to be promising, highly selective, water soluble, Cu(II) sensors that can permeate the cell membrane.


Obtaining and handling measurement uncertainty information is still a challenge in the chemical processing industries (CPI). From our experience, among the variables most affected by uncertainty, one typically finds the process outputs, comprising concentrations (main product and subproducts, reactants, etc.), measurements of quality properties (mechanical, chemical, etc.), or other relevant information about the end use of the product. With the increasing flexibility of processing units, these quantities can easily span different orders of magnitude and present rather different uncertainties associated with their measurements. This means that heteroscedasticity in the process outputs is a rather prevalent feature in CPI, which must be properly managed and integrated in all the tasks that make use of process data. In this article we address this critical problem, by considering two challenges: (i) specifying measurement uncertainty in heteroscedastic contexts; (ii) integrating uncertainty information on t...


PURPOSE: To provide a gear mechanism adapted to a joint of an industrial robot, and having no play and compact in constitution. CONSTITUTION: This gear mechanism is constituted of work gears 9, 10, and a work shaft 12. The work shaft 12 is so arranged as crossing the longitudinal extension part of a multi-arm 5 supporting the shaft. A bevel gear mechanism 15 has a mechanism for driving the work shaft 12. A general split worm 9a secured by a spring force can be used for the worm 9a of the worm gears 9, 10. As a result, the gear mechanism of a small structure, having high transmissibility, and having no play can be provided. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


ABSTRACT While the World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is a useful screening and brief intervention tool for use with adults, the risk cut-offs are not appropriate for people under 18 years of age. Drawing on the literature available and expert clinical consultation and consensus, two distinct ASSIST-Youth (ASSIST-Y) questionnaires and Feedback Report cards with different score weightings were proposed, reflecting the dynamic nature of substance use-related risk in developing adolescents ages 10 to 14 years and ages 15 to 17 years old. Appropriate interventions also were recommended, with a strong emphasis on referral for assessment and management of broader psychosocial issues. This revised ASSIST for young people was developed with the intention that this "first-pass" set of cut-off scores and associated materials might form the basis for further psychometric validation of the youth ASSIST in the future, while still providing practitioners with a screening brief intervention option for using with young people in the interim.


Based on the theoretical background of context,the paper points out the necessity of studying the dynamic context,in which the relationship among context and discourse representation and comprehension is discussed from the perspective of cognition.Therefore,dynamic context concerns more about the language users;namely,it is the language users and interpreters that are the objects being studied in the context.This new approach of context study finds an entirely new way,and to some extent,the defects of the static context has been modified.Thus,a theoretical backing has been provided for a successful language communication.


Work on the effect of molecular hydrogen on acetate degradation by methanogens has indicated that elevated levels of H/sub 2/ inhibit acetate degradation by Methanosarcina spp.; pure cultures grown on H/sub 2/ do not grow when inoculated into media containing acetate as the sole catabolic substrate, except after a prolonged lag-phase; inhibition of acetate degradation occurs only when stationary-phase cultures are used for inoculum; and after the onset of inhibition, the addition of small amounts of H/sub 2/ relieves the inhibition. Genetic studies on Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum have established a selection method via antibiotic G418 sensitivity for development of a transformation system of M. th.; constructed potential cloning vectors for the transformation; determined optimum conditions for the isolation, purification, and fragmentation of the methylreductase subunits from M. th.; and have isolated a number of partial gene fragments from M. th. via construction of methanogen DNA-lacZ fusions. Research on the development of optimum microbial populations during methanogenesis has determined the optimum levels of Fe, Ni, Co, Mo, Cu, Zn and Mn necessary for the metabolism of soluble organics and suspended solids; investigated the effects of Cr, Mo and Fe on the control of sulfate reducing bacteria, as well as the effects ofmore » pH, H/sub 2/ and substrate; and has developed a rapid screening technique to examine large numbers of combinations of trace metals and their effects on metabolism of organic acids. Efforts focusing on bioconversion of MSW and production and recovery of organic acids for liquid fuels have shown that concentration of acids in anaerobic digesters can be maintained at 3%, with a retention time in the digesters of 8 days and nitrogen is probably a limiting factor in most MSW feedstocks. 33 refs.« less


An apparatus and a method for processing an image at the circumference of vehicles are provided to offer the optimized image processor for processing the data package with the same size and to use a particularly adapted algorithm. Image producers(14a,14b) produce an image having at least first portion and second portion. The first portion and second portion are different from each other. The first portion is processed additionally earlier than the second portion. An image processor(16) processes the first and second portion of the image. The image processor processes the first portion during the impossible use period of the second portion. The image processor displays the first and second portions. The image processor displays the first portion while the second portion is not offered to the image process by the image producers. The image producers produces the horizontal slices of the image as the first and second portions of the image.


Home network is very challenging to manage because of the complexity of underlying infrastructure. Network's underlying complexity is either hidden or exposed by the existing network interfaces, but the visible information is not necessarily helpful for the user to complete the desired tasks. However, underlying network and protocols can be redesigned as a result of advances in software defined networking. As a result of these advances, the designers can move the complexity of the network infrastructure from the user and can also eliminate it entirely. This paper focuses on what can be made visible to the user in the modern home network infrastructure design, performance and some of the policies. We also examine whether changing the underlying network infrastructure without affecting the previous functionality should cause us to refine these choices.


Cyclohexanol is an important intermediate in production of adipic acid and e-caprolactam. On the industrial scale, cyclohexanol is produced by several methods that suffer from considerable drawbacks, such as a low conversion of the initial substance, low selectivity of the process, or explosion risks in the oxidation unit. To design a new process of indirect hydration of cyclohexene in the presence of formic acid, it is necessary to know the given system properties. In this paper, the data of liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) are presented for the system of cyclohexanol + water + cyclohexyl formate under atmospheric pressure and within a temperature range from 298.2 to 338.2 K. The experiments were conducted in a temperature-controlled glass cell and the received data were correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasichemical equations in order to obtain binary interaction parameters describing LLE of the given system. The measured data accuracy was specified by the Bachman and Othmer–...


Coconut shells are agricultural waste and produced in large amounts around the world. Thus it's effective, ecofriendly use has always been a challenge for scientific applications. This paper presents Fabrication of Coconut shell ash(CSA) reinforced Aluminum356 composite and analysis of Mechanical properties like Hardness and Wear. Coconut shell ash is varied from 0% to 10% weight in interval of 5%wt in the A356 alloy. The Base alloy exhibits higher Wear tendency than the composite reinforced with 10% CSA and as the percentage of reinforcement increases the Density of the composite decreases and the Hardness increases. The fabrication and Testing methods are presented in this paper.


Airborne observations were conducted in the high Arctic (69°N–83°N) during April 6–16, 1992, in support of the Polar Sunrise Experiment. Measurements of temperature, O3, NOx aerosol particles, inorganic aerosol species, inorganic bromide, alkyl nitrate species, and several organohalogens (including bromoform) were made from an altitude of 30 m above ground level (agl) up to 7000 m msl (mean sea level). The average temperature profile shows a strong surface-based inversion up to about 500 m, an isothermal region up to about 1.5 km, and steadily decreasing from 1.5 to 6.8 km. Ozone mixing ratios were frequently found to be depleted from the surface up to various altitudes within the boundary layer (maximum altitude for ozone <10 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) was 375 m). The average ozone profile increases from <10 ppbv near the surface up to about 40 ppbv at 1 km, remaining approximately constant up to 5 km, and increasing with altitude thereafter as the stratospheric source becomes evident. NOx, including a possible peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) interference, was typically <50±20 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), and frequently below detection limit (20 pptv). Accumulation-mode aerosol particle number concentrations in the boundary layer were 100–200 cm−3, and although CN increased low over a polynya, there were indications of an absence of nucleation-mode particles in ozone depleted air in the boundary layer compared with the free troposphere. Inorganic gaseous bromide, bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromochloromethane (CHClBr2) all exhibited strong anticorrelations with O3. Gaseous nitrate (HNO3 plus possibly some contribution from PAN interference) ranged up to 110 pptv but was <40 pptv in 11 of 14 samples. With the exception of 1-propyl nitrate the C3–C6 alkyl nitrates correlated positively with ozone, as did the isomer ratio C3/C6. Organohalogens were measured using charcoal cartridges {C} and Tenax cartridges {T}. CHBr3 was similar by both techniques (medians of 1.83{C} and 1.60{T} pptv), and negative correlations with O3 were indicated by both sets of samples (R2 = 0.75{C} and 0.71{T}). CHClBr2 was also very close in both sets of samples (median of 0.25{C} and 0.22{T} pptv), however, a negative correlation with O3 was present only in the Tenax samples (R2 = 0.63). Ln(CHClBr2/CHBr3) correlated negatively with In (CHBr3) with a coefficient of determination of 0.75, and with higher In(CHBr3) approached the value indicated by Li et al. (this issue) for air immediately above seawater at 0°C (i.e., 0.032). CHClBr2/CHBr3 was higher in the free troposphere than in the boundary layer and possibly less variant with In(CHBr3), indicating either different source regions for these free troposphere organohalogens and/or, as Li et al. suggest, faster chemical destruction of CHBr3 relative to CHClBr2 in the free troposphere. The airborne organohalogen data and that from ice camp SWAN (Hopper et al., this issue) and Alert (Yokouchi et al., this issue) were combined to produce a vertical profile of CHBr3. CHBr3 exhibited a well-defined logarithmic decrease with increasing altitude, indicating a strong surface source, opposite to the average O3 profile. In general, the low-level airborne observations related to O3 depletion are very consistent with the observations at Alert, indicating that the many features of this phenomenon are ubiquitous.


Abstract : The utility of rhodium carborane complexes as catalysts for industrially important processes has been demonstrated. As part of our research effort in this area 1-5 we recently prepared 3,3-(PPh3)2-4-C5H5N-3,1,2-RhC2B9H10(I) and its carbonyl derivative 3-PPh3-3-CO-4-C5H5N-3,1,2-RhC2B9H10(II) in order to ascertain their catalytic activity.


The visually striking neurocutaneous manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are well recognized and extensively documented throughout the scientific literature. While not uncommon, the pulmonary manifestations of NF1 are largely unknown to many physicians. NF1-associated diffuse lung disease (NF-DLD) complications include pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary artery stenosis, subpleural cysts, and spontaneous pneumothorax. We present a rare case of a 34-year-old non-smoking male with NF-DLD found incidentally in adolescence with previous apical bleb repair, presenting nearly 20 years later with spontaneous pneumothorax. In NF1 patients with pulmonary complaints, NF-DLD should be assessed with computed tomography (CT), and physicians should be familiar with associated complications. Our case adds to the evidence that NF-DLD is a clinical entity distinct from the effects of smoking.


Mechanisms of degradation in SOFC containing Ni/CGO, Ni/CeO2 and Pt/CGO co-impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 anodes are elucidated during long-term, industrially-relevant testing, using AC impedance spectroscopic and microscopic analyses.


Network sensor are a new sensing technique that transmits sensor signal as digital and network signals in the same network protocol.The design and networking method of network sensor based on RS-485 bus are introduced.The design example of hardware circuit and software are also given.


[Objective] Estimating evapotranspiration ( ET) based on the semi鄄empirical and semi鄄 theoretical Priestly鄄Taylor model (PT) mainly relies on accurately determining the appropriate value of 北摇 京摇 林摇 业摇 大摇 学摇 学摇 报 第 40 卷 the model coefficient 琢 in a specific study area. This study expored the applicability of the model coefficient 琢. Localization studies have been conducted to more accurately estimate evapotranspiration in arid and semi鄄arid regions. [Method] This paper used the eddy covariance technique combined with micro鄄meteorological data to monitor the water and heat transfer processes of a typical Artemisia ordosica shrubland in growing season in Mu Us Sandy Land of northwestern China to quantify the seasonal variations in 琢 coefficients. [Result] The results showed that the actual 琢 coefficient had significant seasonal variations, peaking during the leafing period, and remaining relatively plateau during expanded leaf period and the leaf discoloration period. The maximum 琢 coefficient was 0郾 66 and the minimum value was 0郾 03, averaging 0郾 23 in growing season. There was a logarithmic positive correlation between 琢 coefficient and canopy conductance and saturated vapor pressure difference in the growing season. Soil water content (30 cm belowground) and leaf area index were positively correlated with 琢 coefficient. Evapotranspiration estimated from the PT model with 琢 = 1郾 26 and with 琢 = 0郾 50, which was calculated from the wind speed data at 2 m height, was significantly larger than the measured evapotranspiration. The recommended localization value of the improved PT model coefficient 琢 was 0郾 23, which gave better estimation of ET, linear gradient was 0郾 72, R was 0郾 57. [Conclusion] Therefore, the modified PT model can be used to accurately estimate evapotranspiration in arid and semi鄄arid regions.


The increasing interest in ontologies is driven by the large volumes of information now available as well as by the increasing complexity and diversity of this information. These trends have also increased interest in automating many activities that were traditionally performed manually. We are currently engaged in this paper that have realized benefits in productivity and clarity by utilizing UML class diagrams to develop and to display complex OWL ontologies. UML has many features, such as profiles, global modularity and extension mechanisms that are not generally available in most ontology languages. However, ontology languages have some features that UML does not support. Our paper identifies the similarities and differences between UML and the ontology languages RDF and OWL. To reconcile these differences, we propose a modification to the UML metamodel to address some of the most problematic differences.


This paper describes our believable judge bot ICE-CIG2011 that has an ability to learn tactics from a judge player and an ability to judge an opponent character as a human or a bot. We conjecture that a bot with these two abilities should be considered human-like in a competition environment, such as BotPrize, where human players participate to compete not only for being the most human-like player but also the best judge. Main contributions of this work lie in our mechanisms for achieving these two abilities. To achieve the former ability, we develop a system and GUI that allow a selected judge player — whose role is to train ICE-CIG2011 — to control his or her character by only deciding which tactic to use under a given situation. We then obtain the judge's tactic log and use it for training tactic selection of ICE-CIG2011 with neuro evolution of augmenting topologies. To achieve the latter ability, we acquire additional logs when the judge character interacts with other opponent characters. In order to represent the play of a known (bot or human) character, we train a neural gas — a kind of self-organizing neural network — from its log. For an unknown character, once its neural gas is trained after a certain period of observation, ICE-CIG2011 decides if it is a human or bot by using the if-nearest-neighbor algorithm; this algorithm considers the majority in the labels of the if-nearest neural gases, of known characters, to the neural gas of that unknown character. Experimental results are given and discussed concerning these two abilities of ICE-CIG2011.


Many initial boundary value problems can be put in the form: where is either a pseudo monotone or Type M operator, and V is a reflexive Banach space. B(t) is a linear continuous mapping of V to V' which may vanish. Conditions are given on the operators :(t) and A(t, ) that insure the existence of a solution to the Cauchy problem. Also, the exact meaning of what is meant by an initial condition to such an equation is made precise, and the collection of possible initial values is characterized as being the domain of the square root of a certain operator. These results generalize earlier results in which the operators B(t) do not depend on t.


For controlling a method for the gain in wireless repeater, comprising: provide one or more gain control metric, wherein gain control metric indicates the loop gain of this repeater; Measure this one or more gain control metric; And use at least as the variable gain such as being adjusted this repeater by the Gain tuning step-length of the function of the loop gain of this repeater of this one or more gain control metric measurement.In another embodiment, agc algorithm block is configured to the loop gain of this repeater to be divided into multiple Gain tuning control divisions.Gain tuning control divisions comprises first zoning with the loop gain dropped in steady operation region and second zoning with the loop gain dropped on outside this steady operation region.


Optical WDM networks are expected for future multimedia services. The multimedia services require stable connections with various length of holding time. While some multimedia services use optical path connections in only minute, other multimedia services use them in several hours. As network perspective, the overhead of connection setup has much influence in the case of short-term connections. On the other hand, longterm connections occupy assigned network resources for long periods. Thus, it is important to assign the appropriate wavelength considering the holding time. Furthermore, the network traffic is large and rapidly changes in time. Therefore, the method that accurately estimates the state of the current traffic and predicts the state of future traffic becomes more important. In this paper, we propose a novel traffic prediction method that can deal with large changes in traffic in optical WDM networks. The proposed prediction method is classified into two categories; "short-term traffic state estimation" and "longterm traffic trend prediction". Traffic is predicted by using these two methods cooperatively and complementarily. We also propose a wavelength assignment method exploiting this traffic prediction. The proposed wavelength assignment method sets optical paths considering the prediction information and the holding time of connections. Each connection with different holding time is allocated wavelength resources in the limited range based on the traffic prediction information dynamically. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method by computer simulations and confirm that the proposed method can achieve better performance than the traditional method does.


OBJECTIVES
To determine the effect of the introduction of a specialty-specific progressive care unit (PCU) on the intensive care unit (ICU) to which relatively low-acuity patients had previously been admitted.

DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING
The thoracic (noncardiac) surgical ICU of a tertiary referral institution.

PATIENTS
Four thousand fifty-three patients admitted to the ICU after thoracic surgery between October 1994 and December 2003.

INTERVENTIONS
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
The institutional Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III database was searched to compare the number of admissions, severity of illness, mortality, and other aspects of care for periods before and after the introduction of the PCU. Patients in the post-PCU group were more severely ill by APACHE criteria. The ICU mortality rates for the periods before and after the introduction of the PCU were 1.14% (32/2,801 patients) and 7.27% (91/1,252 patients), respectively. The performance of the ICU appeared to be worse in the period after the opening of the PCU. The ICU- and hospital-customized standardized mortality ratio increased from 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.96) in the pre-PCU group to 1.20 (95% CI, 0.96-1.47) in the post-PCU group and from 0.83 (95% CI, 0.66-1.03) to 1.24 (95% CI, 1.05-1.46).

CONCLUSIONS
The introduction of a nonintensivist-directed PCU to care for thoracic surgical patients had a significant impact on the parent ICU. Of concern is that outcome and quality measures appeared to worsen and ICU readmission rate increased.


Abstract The type of this study was correlation and its purpose was to the determine the correlation between self-confidence and reading aloud ability. The population of this research was the second grade students of SMPN 3 Solok that comprised 216 students. They were divided into seven classes: class VIII1, class VIII2, class VIII3, class VIII4, class VIII5, class VIII6, and class VIII7. The researcher used cluster random sampling technique to choose the sample, and the sample was class VIII4, that consisted of 30 students. The data of this research were collected by using two kinds of inst r uments. The first is questionnaire for self-confidence, and the second is reading aloud test. Based on the result of self-confidence questionnaire , it was found that the lowest score for self-confidence questionnaire was 75 and the highest score was 104 , and the result of the reading aloud test was found that the lowest score for reading aloud was 5 and the highest score was 15 . T he reliability index of the questionnaire was .67, and the reliability index of reading aloud test was .69. It means that the instruments were reliable. Based on the result of the data analysis, the researcher found that the value of r-calculated in this research was .48, while the value of r-table with level of significance .05 and degree of freedom (df) n-2 was .36. It means that the r-calculated was higher than r-table (.48>.36). The hypothesis stating that there was a significant correlation between students' self-confidence and their reading aloud ability at SMPN 3 Solok was accepted. Therefore, the researcher proposed several suggestions. In order to improve their reading aloud ability the students should make effort to increase their self-confidence in reading text. In order to improve their ways to teach reading and improve student's self-confidence in reading aloud the teachers should make some efforts. Last, the researcher suggests further researchers to carry out other researches on students' self aspects and their achievement. Key words: correlation, self-confidence, reading aloud ability.


Background and purpose:It is controversial to conduct cervical lymph node clearance for patients with clinically N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma.How and when lymph node clearance should be conducted is also not yet determined.This study evaluated the value of selective neck dissection for cN0 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods:Between January 1,1999 and December 31,2006,we retrospectively studied 74 cN0 patients with identifi ed PTC who underwent ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy and selective neck dissection.Results:Ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy plus central neck dissection were performed in all patients and level Ⅵ metastasis was found in 43% of the patients(32/74).Selective neck dissection(levels Ⅱ-Ⅴ) was performed subsequently in these patients with level Ⅵ metastasis,and metastasis to the lateral neck lymph nodes subsequently accounted for 59%(19/32) of the patients.Central cervical lymph node metastases did not correlate with tumor size or the age of the patients.Lateral cervical lymph node metastases correlated with tumor size(χ2=5.96,P0.05),but also not correlated with the age of the patients.If there were two or more central lymph node metastasis,the number of metastatic central lymph nodes reached two or more,the metastatic rate of lateral cervical node was at 85.71%(χ2=4.61,P0.05).Conclusion:For cN0 patients with PTC,ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy as well as central neck dissection(level Ⅵ) is recommended.For the patients with level Ⅵ metastasis(n≥2),selective neck dissection(levels Ⅱ-Ⅴ) should be taken into consideration.


A new method is presented for obtaining stiffness constants for structures modeled as three-dimensional linear elastic beams. The three-dimensional lattice is comprised of multiple two-dimensional lattices. Matrix manipulation is used to determine the contribution of each two-dimensional substructure to the complete three dimensional lattice.


Soft errors are one-time events that corrupt the state of a computing system but not its overall functionality. Soft errors normally do not interrupt the execution of the affected program, but the affected computation results can not be trusted any more. A well known technique to correct soft errors in matrix-matrix multiplication is algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT). While ABFT achieves much better efficiency than triple modular redundancy (TMR) - a traditional general technique to correct soft errors, both ABFT and TMR detect errors off-line after the computation is finished. This paper extends the traditional ABFT technique from off-line to on-line so that soft errors in matrix-matrix multiplication can be detect in the middle of the computation during the program execution and higher efficiency can be achieved by correcting the corrupted computations in a timely manner. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can correct one error every ten seconds with negligible (i.e., less than 1%) performance penalty over the ATLAS dgemm().


(72) Inventors: Tianan Zhao, Foshan, Guangdong (CN); (57) ABSTRACT Tianbao Yan, Foshan, Guangdong (CN); Kewen Long. Foshan, Guangdong (CN) The present invention relates to a rotatory series-pole mag netic refrigerating system, comprising a moving magnetic (73) Assignee: Chuandong Magnetic Electrinic Co., body and at least one vertically-disposed magnetic series, Lts., Guangdong (CN) wherein the magnetic series further comprising a plurality of heat insulated cavities, wherein the heat insulated cavities are (21) Appl. No.: 15/035,746 interconnected in series Successively, wherein the interior of the heat insulated cavities are provided with magnetic work (22) PCT Filed: Apr. 9, 2015 ing mediums, and wherein the moving magnetic body is capable of magnetizes and demagnetizes the magnetic work (86). PCT No.: PCT/CN2O15/076121 ing mediums in a crossing pattern, wherein the upper and S371 (c)(1), lower magnetic working mediums which are adjacent to any (2) Date: May 10, 2016 magnetic working medium in demagnetizing state in the same magnetic series must be in a magnetizing state, wherein (30) Foreign Application Priority Data the system further comprising a heat-flow structure, which assists the internal heat energy in the magnetic series to flow Apr. 11, 2014 (CN) ......................... 2014 101445036 in one direction.


From time to time we are given an opportunity of commenting upon current developments of great .interest to clinical pathologists, and in this issue we are happy to print on page 3 extracts from the Presidential Address to the sixth meeting of the International Society of Clinical Pathologists recently held in Rome. Professor Welsch has sketched the future role of the clinical pathologist and we are taking this opportunity to express some of the ideas which we see emerging in the highly developed countries. The situation in the underdeveloped countries and those parts of Europe and North America where the pattern of populations and great distances make the picture quite different may require a quite different approach. The identification of the origins of ill health, the way in which extrinsic and intrinsic factors distort the physical and mental patterns of the normal person are the business of the clinical pathologist. Scientific developments over the past decades have not altered that business, they have only refined and multiplied the procedures by which the end is achieved. The enormous expansion of the part that the laboratory plays in diagnosis and control of therapy has lead arbitrarily to the creation of specialities within the total specialty of clinical pathology. Custom and practical experience have resulted inthe development of four main fields of specialization; histopathology, microbiology, haematology, and chemical pathology. It is customary now for a pathologist to concentrate on one of these areas though he may well, and, indeed should have, experience in others. Anyone with more than superficial interest in any one of the fields knows how tenuous the divisions are and so it remains vital that we should be able to talk each other's 'language'. The application of basic science to biological problems has enormously enhanced the part that biochemically and biophysically trained members of the consortium play in the day-to-day work in the laboratory. The tools of the trade have increased in complexity and the proper mastery of these tools increasingly absorbs time. There is a feeling that the handling of the tools can be left wholly to the technician, but interpretation, the end point of our work, cannot be divorced from an understanding of procedure. There is a dangerous conceit that certain types of clinical pathological investigation may profitably be divorced from a big, well-equipped laboratory and attached to and controlled by a small specialized clinical department. The most cursory examination will show that this is uneconomic in capital cost, in space, and in the effective use of skilled technical assistance, always in short supply. Even worse, method deteriorates and technicians lose their fire. We must be alert, however, to the possibilities that the scientific yearnings of our clinical colleagues do not spring from our own inadequacy in keeping the quality of both our advice and service abreast of the rapid moves of science. Perhaps the design of the laboratory of the future and of clinical pathology as a subject have to be examined from other points of view too. Patients are being investigated in three quite separate ways. First is the method by which the patient is investigated by a clinician, and a multiplicity of unconnected tests is requested. The patient may have various blood examinations e.g., blood count; then a blood urea in the biochemistry department; a nasal swab and vaginal specimen for cytology may be taken in another department; and perhaps a biopsy or scraping using a third department. All the relevant data are collected and assessed by the clinician. Secondly, a patient may be investigated by the members of a specialized department interested in only one system and its functioning, for example, the genito-urinary tract, so that renal function tests, bladder tests, and so on, including all the relevant biochemical and other investigations, will all be done by one team. Another team may be investigating, again using multidiscipline techniques, the patient's respiratory or cardiovascular function. Furthermore, a third team may be investigating his gastrointestinal tract involving such widely different techniques as monitoring stomach function, taking gut biopsies, examining pan-


OBJECTIVE To discuss the role of the healthy management in treatment of the childhood intermission asthma and provide a guide for the treatment and rehabilitation of the children with asthma.METHODS 356 cases from prediatrics clinic service were chosen during 2009 and were divided into the healthy management groups and the control group.The control group were treated with traditional way and the experiment group were treated with effective health managements.Two years later,the effect were detected and analyzed.RESULTS The results showed that the frequency of excellence,good and inefficiency is 17%,31% and 52% in the control group and 56%,34% and 10% in the healthy management group.There was significant difference between the two groups(P﹤0.01).CONCLUSION Effective healthy management plays an active role in the treatment of the childhood intermission asthma.


Current economic and social development of world regions, especially the territories of former USSR countries needs using modern technologies such as marketing of changes, innovative approaches to regional infrastructure development. Successful combination of different instruments together with adequate evaluation of their effectiveness impetus for the introduction of positive changes in the regions'position. The authors of the study developed the method for evaluating the potential of regional infrastructure with the formation of an integral indicator with four directions. The scientifi c novelty of the research is to substantiate the proposals for formulating an approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional infrastructure. The methodological coherence of the evaluation of indicators, unlike their separate analysis, greatly expands the possibility of objectively calculating the synergistic effect of the functioning of different infrastructure activities as components of the system. The totality of evaluations within the framework of the author's methodology makes it possible for qualitative comprehensive evaluation, adherence to the principles of hierarchy, complexity and universality of the evaluated criteria. The practical signifi cance of the obtained results is the ability to use the results of this study in the practical activities of the entity managing territories that are aimed at providing socially signifi cant services to the population. The proposals of the authors will be useful to the regional authorities in developing measures to enhance the development of local infrastructure as well as in the management of private social institutions.


In this paper behavior of static liquid fillets formed between small gaps of a cylindrical surface and a flat surface are examined both analytically and experimentally. The minimum volume of liquid required to form a stable fillet and the maximum liquid content the fillet can hold before becoming unstable are studied. Analytical models are developed to describe the fillet curvature. Contact angle and fillet shapes were captured in photographs obtained by a high-speed imaging system. Fillet experiments were conducted using water, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and PF 5060 on two surfaces: sand-blasted titanium and polished copper for different surface inclinations. Experimental data are generalized using appropriate non-dimensional groups. Fillet curvature data are compared against model predictions and are found to be in dose agreement. NOMENCLATURE


AIM: To investigate the effects of various loading positions on stress distribution in implant bone interface. METHODS: Three dimension finite element analysis method was used to analyze the stress distribution in implant bone interface. A force loading of 1.47 N was applied mesio distally on the implant and the heights of loading positions were 4 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm to the cervix of the implant, respectively. RESULTS: The values of Von Mises stress on the implant cervix were 0.3400 MPa, 0.5330 MPa, and 0.7310 MPa, respectively, and the values of displacement were 0.117 μm, 0.163 μm and 0.210 μm, respectively. CONCLUSION: Clinically, the height of loading position should be reduced as low as possible so as to reduce the stress concentration and peak value of stress in implant bone interface, to attain rational stress distribution and to decrease the displacement of bone interface.