Low-power microstructured semiconductor neutron detector (MSND) devices have long been investigated as a high-efficiency replacement for thin-film diodes for thermal neutron detection. The detector devices were improved by stacking two 1cm2 devices and integrating their responses together to act as a single diode, increasing detection efficiency to over 42%. The need for larger active area devices has driven further improvement of the technology. A large active area device has been developed by arraying seventy-two 1cm2 devices together into two 6×6 configurations, dual-stacking them, and integrating their responses together in order to act as a single detector device. The intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency was found to be 7.03±0.04%. The leakage current of the 36cm2 device was −42nA at −5V bias and the capacitance was found to be 54pF at −5V bias.


North Duri Cogeneration Plant (NDC) is once of Chevron asset in IndoAsia Business Unit. The NDC location is in Duri, Province of Riau, Indonesia. The NDC has 3 units gas turbine and each unit has been combined with Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). An unit gas turbine NDC is produce electricity of 100 MW, and 1 unit of HRSG NDC that is produce steam of 360,000 BCWEPD (Barrel Cool Water Equivalent per Day). Hot gas path inspection (HGPI) is maintenance activities gas turbine, which routine scheduled in NDC every 3 years per unit. Maintenance schedule for turnaround HGPI gas turbine at NDC should be optimizing. By optimized of HGPI maintenance schedule can be maximized work plan, which is comply of 4 Key Performance Indicators there are Safety, Quality, Schedule and Cost through Initiative for Managing PACesetter Turnarounds (IMPACT). The result of optimal electricity production was increased by 13,174 MWh and the steam generated from units in NDC of mass total steam of 126,661 Mlbm and 371,827 BSPD.


The value of urban green spaces as important habitats for the maintenance of diverse wildlife species is not well explored in the Philippines. Data on bird diversity in urban areas like Davao City is very scant. Thus, the study documented bird species diversity in 15 urban green spaces of Davao City. These areas were previously not surveyed based on published literature. This study is also the first attempt to determine the correlation between green space size and Shannon diversity values. Green spaces were pre-selected, and bird censuses following a zigzag walk across each green space were conducted from October–December 2019. Coordinates of surveyed areas plotted on a digital map were used to estimate green space size. Diversity values were calculated using Shannon and Simpson indices. Pearson r correlation was employed to calculate the correlation between green space size and Shannon diversity values. Fifty-three (53) species (32 families) were accounted for, with 28 species added to the current list of birds from Davao City's urban green spaces. Endemism was relatively low across all sites (17%). Only four species were common in all sites – namely, Passer montanus, Lanius cristatus, Cinnyris jugularis, and Pycnonotus goiavier. Shannon diversity values varied across sites (highest H' = 3.128, lowest H' = 1.688) and showed a positive correlation (r = 0.54) with green space size. Despite positive correlation, larger green spaces do not necessarily have the highest Shannon diversity values, suggesting that bird diversity in urban green spaces may be influenced by other factors. This warrants verification in the future to include studies on green space vegetation and complexity, noise level, and impact of anthropogenic activities.


This paper proposes a new multicast schema suppoting QoS in BGP/MPLS VPN Environment. Multicast QoS is supported by DiffServ model on edge routers of BGP/MPLS VPN domain. While in BGP/MPLS VPN domain ,the path-cost of multicast distribution tree is reduced by constructing the tree using EECT( enhanced edge clustered tree ).


6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyran-yl)-9H-purine (PBA) in lanolin paste was applied to the greenhouse rose, Rosa hybrida L. cv. Red American Beauty, pruned in either a cutback or layback manner, and gibberellic acid (GA3) sprays were applied after bud-break. PBA application generally increased bud-break on both layback and cutback-pruned plants. Gibberellic acid (GA3) sprays did not improve growth of PBA-induced shoots. Layback-pruned plants developed a greater number of renewal canes (those reproductive stems that produced shoots of equal or greater basal stem diam after the first and second pinch) than cutback-pruned plants after growth regulator treatments.


Transmitter for communication with visible light (100), which is a signal of visible light from a white LED (140) of the type with blue light excitation of a drive current signal (B) which is generated on the basis of transmission data (A), driven, outputting to a receiver (200), wherein the transmitter (100) comprising: a multi-tone driving means (120) is formed, the drive current signal (B) of a plurality of tones to be generated by a bias current (F) a data pulse (D) is added, and a rising pulse (C) and a falling pulse (E) corresponding to a rising edge and a falling edge of the data pulse (D) to be added, wherein the rising pulse (C) is generated at the same time as a rising edge of the transmission data (A) and a pulse width of the rising pulse (C) is equal to the unit interval of the transmission data (A), wherein the falling pulse (E) at the same time as a falling edge of the transmission data (a) is generated and a pulse width of the falling pulse (e) is equal to the unit interval of the transmission data (a), wherein a pulse width of the data pulse (D) is equal to the transmission data (a) and wherein the unit interval of the is transmission data (a) is a period of a clock pulse (G) for generating the drive current signal (B) a plurality of tones is required.


Wireless sensor network is a group of tiny sensor nodes, which are placed in a physical world for exact monitoring. The issues related to this network are choosing an efficient routing path for communication with the base station. The routing path is considered along with efficient data fusion and accretion. In this paper multichannel approach is proposed with the intention of develop the performance of wireless sensor network. WSNs accretion aware routing methods like a minimized variety of messages to fixing a tree for routing, a minimized variety of overlapping paths, maximized accretion rate are achieved in the proposed MCRDA (Multichannel Competent Routing for Data Accretion) algorithm. A multichannel theme used in MCRDA is better in performance when compared to other routing techniques.


Processes of anomie are affecting more and more societies. Anomie has become endemic, individual, and social. No society and no community appears to be immune to this process. We are at present witnessing the world‐wide degeneration of social bonds and social structures. We are witnessing a re‐barbarization of political conditions. Ex‐Yugoslavia is a nearby example. At the same time we are witnessing anomic conflagrations in Africa. Insidious anomic processes are also evident in the territories of the former Soviet Union. You may judge for yourself the extent to which the virus of anomie has also infected the social body in the core countries of the West.


The present invention discloses a communication system assembly method which is used for realizing two-shipper mutual helping or a multi-node mutual helping group. The present invention comprises an application group dividing approach used for making the scheduled series of application and resources in the same server running and distinguishes the application group according to the communication operation function, an operation watchdog program starting step used for grasping the required systematical resources in the watchdog course application group, startup the operation course of the watchdog operation inspection and finish the automatic setup of the watchdog operation. The present invention also provides a group device and a group service system used in the communication system method. The application of the present invention conquers the problem of resources waste of the prior group application method systematically.


There is again at present discussion in the Federal Republic of Germany about the fall in the birth rate. The most impor tant contributions to this debate, which constitute 'progno ses' of the development of the population till the year 2000 or beyond do however contain assumptions which are at least implicitly based on the premise that the continual decline in fertility since 1965/66 (probably falsely called 'Pillen knick') was the start of a recent secular process, of a sec ond demographic transition or even merely of a further phase of that phenomenon. The justification for such a supposition does however depend on whether a state of affairs is in ex istence which led at the end of the nineteenth and start of


Hepatic angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare, hepatic mesenchymal neoplasm. Its preoperative diagnosis is very difficult, and the treatment is still controversial. The aim is to summarize experience in diagnosis and management of hepatic AML from a cancer center.


Abstract : Exploiting parallelism to achieve high performance invariably increases the resource requirements of a program. This is particularly serious under dynamic dataflow execution, because all the potential parallelism in a program is exposed. The resource requirements can be excessive, often leading to deadlock. This phenomenon is documented using parallelism and resource profiles derived under an ideal dataflow execution model. This report examines how resource requirements can be managed effectively by controlling the ways in which parallelism is exposed. A mechanism for controlling parallelism in scientific programs, called k-bounded loops, is presented. This involves compiling loops into dataflow graphs in a manner that allows the maximum number of concurrent iterations to be set dynamically, when the loop is invoked. A policy for employing this mechanism is developed and tested on a variety of programs. Through static analysis of the program, parametric resource expressions are formulated and the potential parallelism is characterized. Based on this analysis, the program is augmented with resource management code that computes the k-bounds by simple formulae, involving program variables and an overall resource parameter that reflects the capacity of the machine. This approach is shown to be effective for containing the resource requirements of scientific dataflow programs, while exposing adequate parallelism.


The eight meeting of the Tank Waste Science Panel (Science Panel) was convened January 12, 1993 in Richland, Washington. A list of attendees at this meeting is provided in Appendix A. Appendix B is the agenda prepared for the meeting. It was not strictly followed. The meeting focused on the presentation and discussion of recent information and results obtained from studies conducted to understand flammable gas released and ferrocyanide content behavior in Hanford waste tanks. The Science Panel discussed work performed at Pacific Northwest Laboratoy PNL, Westinghouse Hanford Company, Florida State University, and Fauske Associates. A number of recommendations and observations were made.


This volume is one of the few books which attempt a truly biopsychosocial approach to the patient with a chronic illness. Medical and psychosocial aspects of common gastrointestinal disorders (including clinical features, patient evaluation, mechanisms of gastrointestinal disorders and discomfort, therapeutic issues) are surveyed. It provides a welcome and comprehensive update on gastroenterology, which may be particularly helpful to the practising clinician.


In this paper, an optimal disposition method based on chaos genetic algorithm (AGA) is presented for radar netting. A mathematical model for radar optimal disposition is established according to the analysis of regional radar netting at the beginning. And then, the solving process of AGA for this optimization problem is discussed. The adaptive crossover probability and adaptive mutation probability are proposed, which consider the influence of every generation to algorithm and the effect individual fitness in every generation. Finally, through analyzing an example, it comes to a conclusion that several optimal deployment of radar networks can be obtained much more quickly by this method with better operability.


The authors present the results of research on the perception of value in the relations of companies on the B2B market. The research was carried out using the means-end chain (MEC) theory and the laddering interview method. Entrepreneurs' research in the form of structured interviews was used. Perception of value in organisational relationships can be considered in the aspects of the efficiency of running a business and the interaction between people. In times of easy-accessed information and easy-to-use means of communication, interpersonal interactions and societal values are becoming more and more important. They are willingly articulated by entrepreneurs in the form of a professed system of value. The mutual learning of business process participants at both individual and organisational level is of great importance.


Selected strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are able to induce a systemic
resistance (ISR) in plants, which is phenotypically similar to pathogen-induced systemic acquired
resistance (SAR). The generally non-specific character of induced resistance constitutes an increase in
the level of basal resistance to several pathogens simultaneously, which is of benefit under natural
conditions where multiple pathogens may be present. ISR has been shown to be effective in radish and
cucumber under field conditions. However, when induced plants are infected, disease development or
severity are reduced but not prevented. Resulting economic losses to farmers make induced resistance
alone insufficiently attractive for commercial application in modern intensive agriculture. For practical
applications, durable strategies may be devised in which the growth-stimulating properties of
resistance-inducing rhizobacteria are combined with other bacterial mechanisms of disease
suppression through mixtures of rhizobacterial strains or by combinations with biocontrol fungi, low
doses of chemical crop protectants, chemical SAR inducers or partial resistance. In Arabidopsis ISR
and SAR are effective against a different, though largely overlapping spectrum of pathogens,
depending on the signaling pathways involved in basal resistance. Combination of ISR and SAR can
increase protection against pathogens that are resisted through both pathways, as well as extend
protection to a broader spectrum of pathogens than ISR or SAR alone.


In this paper mode filtering of color images is explored. An existing framework based on local histograms is extended to multi-channel images. Within this framework three color mode operations are proposed; 1. Global mode operation for edge sharpening, noise reduction and small object removal, 2. Constrained mode operation for white noise filtering while preserving detail, and 3. Uncertain data mode filtering to incorporate prior knowledge about the certainty of the measurements into the mode computation. Results obtained for a variety of images indicate the feasibility of color mode filtering.


This paper presents the effect of buffering noise in passenger cars in real conditions at variable speed. At 25% of opened back window, the effect of buffering noise is not perceived. When increasing the aperture of the window to 50%, is perceived the creation of the buffering noise effect with resonance frequency = 15.6 Hz at speed = 80 km/h, but is not irritating because the pressure level is low, pressure level = 110.2 dB. At 75% of the window aperture appears two air flows in the inside car: the one coming from the superior part of the superior zone of the inside and another one from the central zone of the inside. The effect of buffering noise is clearly perceived with resonance frequency = 16.4 kHz at speed = 80 km/h and pressure level = 119 dB and 19.5 Hz at speed = 110 km/h and pressure level at 122 dB. At speed higher than 103–140 km/h, the buffering noise disappears, depending on the car model. For Opel Corsa, the effect of buffering noises appears at the same speed range, whereas for Peugeot an...


Acid phosphatases have been reported to play an important role to increase orthophosphate (Pi) availability under abiotic stress conditions thus affecting growth of plants. Previously, we have reported cloning of an acid phosphatase gene ( TaPase ), its expression analysis and regulation by different abiotic stresses. The present study was designed to analyze in-silico characterization and molecular modeling of TaPase by various bioinformatic approaches like motif analysis, phylogenetic tree construction, secondary structure prediction and 3D structure analysis. Phylogenetic studies of cloned TaPase gene along with other reported phosphatases revealed the existence of three groups.   The 3D structure of TaPase protein was predicted by Phyre 2 server. The modeled structure was refined by energy minimization and stereochemical qualities were validated by PROCHECK, VADAR, Verify3D and QMEAN servers, indicating the acceptability of predicted model. Ligand binding studies indicated the interaction of histidine residue with zinc metal. Analysis of cis -elements provides molecular evidence for the possible involvement of TaPase in the process of abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. Based upon these results, a possible physiological role of TaPase in wheat is discussed. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE


*Stithorn Thananithichot is a Researcher (on study leave) at the King Prajadhipok's Institute, Thailand. He received bachelor's degree in Political Science from Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, and obtained master's degree in the same field from Thammasat University, Thailand. He is now a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Political Science, University of Utah, USA. His research interests include democratization, electoral behaviour, nation and nationalism, and Thai politics. He has published three books and many articles. His most recent article is entitled "Imagined Thai: The Politics of Constructed National Identity in Thailand," in Global Politics in the Dawn of the 21st Century. Athens, Greece: Athens Institute for Education and Research. In addition he has also edited three books. In Islam after Communism, Adeeb Khalid examines the Soviet impact on the Islam heritage of the five countries of Central Asia, (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) that emerged as sovereign states from the collapse of the Soviet Union. Seeking to explain what Islam means to Central Asia, Khalid employs historical perspectives to consider the experience of 70 years of Soviet rule (1917-1991), which he sees this period as one of enormous transformation in society and culture that causes Central Asia to become distinguished from other areas in the Muslim World. He argues that all forms of Islamic expression came under sustained assault in the Soviet period: patterns of the transmission of Islamic knowledge were damaged, if not destroyed; Islam was driven from the public realm; and the physical making of Islam such as mosques and seminaries disappeared. In Khalid's view, during the period from the revolutions of 1917 down to the relaxation of antireligious pressure during the Second World War, patterns of Islamic learning in Central Asia were damaged. Because of the Soviet rule, Muslim educational institutions were abolished, new religious text could not be published, and oral chains of transmission were often destroyed. The family became the only site for the transmission of Islam, and with the available religious knowledge circumscribed, a considerable homogenization of Islam, as differences in approach and interpretation were erased. Islam in Central Asia in this period was also driven from the public realm because the Soviet regime framed its official rhetoric in terms of universal human progress, defining progress in entirely nonreligious (indeed, antireligious) terms. The official channels of socialization most importantly, the school system and the army -


ABSTRACT We observed the rainfall interception (Ic) in an intensively managed low density Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houz. stand. The stand had been managed to maintain 2,000 culms ha–1 by felling old culms and harvesting bamboo shoots. Gross rainfall (Rf), throughfall (Tf) and culm flow (Cf) were monitored over a 10-month period, and Ic was quantified by a water balance method. Rf, Tf and Cf during the experimental period were 2,100, 1,786 and 102 mm, respectively, which resulted in an Ic of 212 mm. The proportions of Tf, Cf and Ic to Rf (i.e. Tf/Rf, Cf/Rf and Ic/Rf, respectively) were 85%, 5% and 10%, respectively. The observed interception ratio, Ic/Rf, in our site was comparable to those reported in other unmanaged P. pubescens stands with higher densities (around 4,000–7,000 culms ha–1). Ic/Rf in both managed and unmanaged P. pubescens stands was generally lower than that in other coniferous and broad-leaved stands in Japan. These findings substantially extend the application range of previous results for Ic/Rf in unmanaged P. pubescens stands. The rainfall partitioning (i.e. Tf/Rf and Cf/Rf) in P. pubescens stands was influenced not only by stand density and culm size but also by the age distribution of culms. Our results stress the importance of considering the culm age distribution when quantifying Ic in P. pubescens stands with the water balance method.


IMPACT OF OATS β-GLUCANS ON PROPERTIES OF GLUTEN-FREE BREAD Dorota Pastuszka*, Halina Gambuś, Rafal Ziobro, Krzysztof Buksa, Renata Sabat, Grazyna Augustyn Address: University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Food Technology, Department of Carbohydrate Technology, Balicka Street 122, 31-149 Krakow, Poland * Corresponding author: firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to check the potential usability of innovative oats β-D-glucan preparation in the production of gluten-free bakery products. The preparation was used as a partial replacement of hydrocolloid mix used for baking of standard bread. Quality determination included volume, bread yield and total baking loss, and organoleptic assessment by a group of 15 trained panelists. Texture profile analysis was performed using texture analyzer TA.XT Plus. AOAC methods (2006) were used to measure moisture content of the crumb, and contents of β-D-glucan, protein, dietary fiber and its soluble and insoluble fractions. Keywords: gluten-free bread, β-glucans, quality, nutrition INTRODUCTION Celiac disease is characterized by congenital, permanent intolerance to gluten, leading to changes in the structure of the small intestine (Darewicz and Dziuba, 2007; Niewinski, 2008). The only effective way to treat it is to follow a gluten-free diet to eliminate gluten-containing products. Bread used in such treatment is mainly produced from starch of various origins, and may not contain structure forming gluten, which results in a much lower quality of these products, so the studies for new raw materials replacing gluten in the gluten-free


Aiming at developing p-type semiconductors and modulating the band gap for photoelectronic devices and band engineering, we present the ab initio numerical simulation of the effect of codoping ZnO with Al, N and Mg on the crystal lattice and electronic structure. The simulations are based on the Perdew—Burke—Ernzerhof generalised-gradient approximation in density functional theory. Results indicate that electrons close to the Fermi level transfer effectively when Al, Mg, and N replace Zn and O atoms, and the theoretical results were consistent with the experiments. The addition of Mg leads to the variation of crystal lattice, expanse of energy band, and change of band gap. These unusual properties are explained in terms of the computed electronic structure, and the results show promise for the development of next-generation photoconducting devices in optoelectronic information science and technology.


Group buying site begun to sprout since 2009, people bought groupon with low price. It becomes a new kind of Internet consumer behavior. The number of group buying site user significantly increased every year, and had high degree of revenue growth. How to outstanding in the fierce competition is the most important issue. This study observed these phenomenon as a research background. Through the integration of past academic books and related research, developing brand image, perceived risk, conformity, perceived quality, and purchase intention of the theoretical framework. The data collected from questionnaire in Taipei City. The result indicates that:brand image had significant positive effect on conformity, brand image had significant positive effect on perceived quality, conformity had significant positive effect on purchase intention, perceived quality had significant positive effect on purchase intention, brand image had significant positive effect on purchase intention, brand image was negatively associated with perceived risk and perceived risk was negatively associated with purchase intention.


This paper discusses the importance of cultural awareness in the process of learning a foreign language,and analyses the training methods of cultural awareness from the easy level to the difficult one.It also introduces some contrastive methods between two different cultures and implies the close relationship between language teaching and cultural teaching,which makes the study of culture an integral part of the whole process of teaching.


The distribution of acoustical sources in space provides interaural differences to the auditory system. They improve source selectivity and thus enhance performances in speech recognition by subjects. The present study addresses predictions of intelligibility in binaural hearing. In a first experiment, the model proposed by Lavandier and Culling (2010) is successfully validated on an exhaustive set of speech and noise distribution in anechoic room. A second experimental set of data in reverberant rooms is compared to the predictions of the Speech Transmission Index combined with Binaural Masking Level Differences.


New SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) signals could include the provision of new additional services alongside the defined SBAS L1/L5 aeronautical service [1], if additional power becomes available. In this paper we present a solution that efficiently makes use of the additional available power in order to increase the overall data rate of a new multi-service SBAS signal. These new SBAS signals will be backward compatible. The high power efficiency of the proposed scheme is guaranteed by a variation of the interplex scheme that is characterized by a variable envelope signal constellation. A coding scheme based on generalized low density parity check (LDPC) codes ensures that service requirements can be met with a lower SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio).


Adversarial queries are images that have been altered such that a content based image retrieval (CBIR) has trouble retrieving similar images while humans can still clearly perceive the contents of the adversarial query (the altered image). This thesis presents a new method to create adversarial queries for CBIR systems named CV-PIRE. This method takes human color perception into account, when altering the image, by reducing perturbations in low color variance areas and increasing perturbations in high color variance areas. CV-PIRE outperforms previous methods based on the perceptual difference between the original image en the adversarial query based on the SSIM score.


The pile integrity test (PIT) uses the low strain method for detection of defects in foundations and bridge piles. To develop confidence in the results of PIT, the test needs to be calibrated against known defects, and its detection accuracy determined. For this purpose the test was performed on seven buried piles, six of which include intentional defects of predefined size and location. Comparison was made between test predictions and actual defect sizes and locations to determine the level of detection accuracy by PIT. Test results showed that the method can detect location and size of the smallest defect (18 per cent of the pile gross cross sectional area) with reasonable accuracy. Further investigation and calibration are required on piles with smaller defects to increase the level of confidence and accuracy of the method.


A platinum-based chemically modified glassy carbon electrode (Pt-CME) was characterized in acidic medium by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques. A uniform distribution of platinum microparticles of different form and size (hexagonal, grain-like and globular) was present on the surface of glassy carbon. The chemical species present on the electrode surface changed upon polarization. At higher potential values (1.5 V) species such Pt(OH)2, Pt(OH)ads and Pt(OH)4 formed at lower potential values were transformed into PtO, PtOads and PtO2 respectively. A few aspects of the electrooxidation of ethanol in acidic medium were investigated on the Pt-CME described.


INTRODUCTION Patent law complements antitrust law. The patent system seeks to "promote the progress of science" by adjusting investment-based risk (U.S. Const, art. I, [section] 8, cl. 8). Likewise, the antitrust laws seek to foster competition in industry. Using civil actions to enforce the patent law and antitrust laws are complicated by the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Likewise, antitrust law seeks to foster competition in industry. However, using civil actions to enforce patent and antitrust laws are complicated by the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The primary reason for this complication is that patent law antitrust law and the First Amendment have very different underlying jurisprudential theories that have guided their respective interpretations in American courts since the beginning of the twentieth century. Patent law has been formed and guided by property theories. Patent law seeks to determine when a property right is created, when that property right is misappropriated, and what remedies are available for such misappropriations (O'Brien, 2009). In contrast, antitrust law is formed and guided by microeconomic theory and, in particular, industrial organization. Industrial organization asks how firms set prices in a market economy (Fisher & Monz, 1991). A part of industrial organization regards either causing a deviation from an equilibrium market price, or punishing such a deviation when it occurs. The former is commonly called regulation, and the latter is commonly referred to as competition policy or antitrust. Antitrust often involves balancing society's interests with the interests of a particular firm; this utilitarian balancing is similar to that used in First Amendment analysis. The First Amendment protects certain kinds of expression from interference by the government. In doing so, courts consider "competing private and public interests at stake in the particular circumstances shown." (Barenblatt v. United States, 1959). Consequently, patent law, antitrust law, and the First Amendment intersected in a unique variety of antitrust laws that developed over the last few decades. This article examines the interplay of these laws and their underpinnings in the context of direct purchasers, typically retailers, suing sellers of patented products for deceiving the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office while their patents are being obtained. This is commonly referred to as a Walker Process claim. This article argues that allowing retailers' broad standing to sue disregards the nuance that Walker Process embraced. The article concludes with recommendations to balance the antitrust policy considerations of purchasers with property rights of patentees and the First Amendment. Patent Law : a Primer An inventor may obtain a patent for "any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof' (35 U.S.C. [section] 101). In order to do so, an inventor must apply to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and explain how to make and use the invention (35 U.S.C. [section] 112). A person is entitled to patent on a device, unless the device was "in public use or on sale [for] more than one year prior to the date of the application for patent," or the applicant "did not himself invent the subject matter sought to be patented" (35 U.S.C. [section] 102(b)). Additionally, an applicant has a "duty to disclose information material to patentability" such as prior sales, previous public uses, and other inventors (37 C.F.R. 1.56). Therefore, a patent application often contains more than just a description of the invention, since it must also contain information that could negatively affect patentability. Once a patent issues, the patentee has the right to prevent others from making, using, or selling the patented invention anywhere in the United States and the patentee can obtain money damages for an infringement of these rights (35 U. …


Diffraction peak shapes generated from high purity, low strain uranium silicide powder have been used to deconvolute diffraction peaks from radiation damaged material. The deconvolution was based on the assumption that defect scattering near a strained Bragg peak could be represented as the summation of a series of discrete peaks with the same convoluted peak shape measured for unirradiated material in the same range of d-spacing. Discrete peaks were taken to have the same density as the measured time of flight data so that a deconvoluted scattering intensity was generated at each experimental point. This deconvolution technique accounts in a natural manner for peak asymmetries arising from the time structure of the neutron pulse shape and instrument broadening without arbitrary analytical functions and fitting parameters.


Ceramsity concrete features for fast slump, large water asorption, hard pumped. Though prewettng ceramsite, rmproving molding slump, extending setting time, enhancing sand proportion, vibrating rationally and secondary plastering, demanding standard of pumped concrete will the reached.


Abstract : In order to provide base line data for future Corps of Engineers' work in the lower Rio Chama, this project aims to: (1) Identify and evaluate published and unpublished sources documenting the history and prehistory of the study area; (2) Summarize briefly the history and prehistory of the lower Chama; (3) Document previously recorded sites; (4) Provide recommendations for future work including assessment of potential for locating additional cultural resources in the study area. These objectives were met through limited library and archival research at the Laboratory of Anthropology (LA) of the Museum of New Mexico and the Museum of New Mexico Historical Library in Santa Fe, New Mexico.


The following article explores in its first part
the development of the predominant and highly biased
historiographic dynamics in Colombia since the 19th
century, their background, the external and political factors that determined them, and the educational ways that
establish their products, as well as the precedents they
set for the subsequent historical discipline. The second
part explores how the Colombian literature of the beginning of the 21st century through the confrontation or
satire of the most prominent historical figures and their
closeness to the military powers, goes back from history
to wicked institutional mechanisms that perpetuated
bias, warmongering and social inequality. Mocking their
honors or pointing out their origins respectively, Adios a
los proceres (2010) by Pablo Montoya and La carroza de Bolivar (2012) by Evelio Rosero promote the demystification of common places within the Colombian historical
imaginary that were based on patterns of premeditation
and bias of a historiography that shaped them. This process of desacralization is at the same time a literary act in
which the use and questioning of archival sources produce a narrative that sets itself apart from traditional
conceptions of chronology or literary gender within the
historical novel in the country


Using determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) simulations, we systematically study the doping dependence of the crossover from one to two dimensions and its impact on the magnetic properties of the Hubbard model. A square lattice of chains is used, in which the dimensionality can be tuned by varying the interchain coupling t(perpendicular to). The dynamical spin structure factor and static quantities, such as the static spin susceptibility and nearest-neighbor spin correlation function, are characterized in the one-and two-dimensional limits as a benchmark. When the dimensionality is tuned between these limits, the magnetic properties, while evolving smoothly from one to two dimensions, drastically change regardless of the doping level. This suggests that the spin excitations in the two-dimensional Hubbard model, even in the heavily doped case, cannot be explained using the spinon picture known from one dimension. The DQMC calculations are complemented by cluster perturbation theory studies to form a more complete picture of how the crossover occurs as a function of doping and how doped holes impact magnetic order.


This study investigates how social factors affect Taiwanese Internet users' dual screening use and its impact on online and offline political participation. The Web survey recruits 961 dual screen users. Structural equation modeling results show that bridging social capital and perceived social presence are significantly associated with dual screening use. Dual screening is positively related to online and offline political participation. Dual screening use strongly influences offline political participation when mediated by online political participation. Moreover, alternative media trust is positively related to online political participation, whereas mainstream media trust shows a negative association.


According to the status of material purchase tender market,the paper analyzes the common manifestation and harm of bid in the name of other people.From the three aspects of prophase prevention,process plugging and system management,the paper points out that we should put prevention first,correct violation behavior and plug its source in time and integrate prevention and treatment.The countermeasure can effectively spur bidder up to bid lawfully,and construct a scientific and normative purchase tender market.


To present a case of orbital granulomatous giant cell myositis and review the literature. We describe the case of a 51‐year‐old woman, with a past history of melanoma, who presented with an acutely painful orbital myositis. This evolved into a chronic relapsing process involving multiple muscles bilaterally, which demonstrated partial steroid responsiveness. Biopsy revealed a granulomatous giant cell myositis. Orbital granulomatous giant cell myositis is a rare histological entity which has an association with giant cell myocarditis and underlying malignancy.


Multi-attribute emergency decision-making problems have the characteristics of incomplete information and shortage of response time. Evidence theory can effectively express uncertain information in the decision-making process. However, evidence theory requires that the condition of evidence independence is met, and the evaluation information of experts is often vague. Therefore, an emergency decision-making method based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets and evidence theory is proposed. First, each expert gives an intuitionistic fuzzy evaluation of each emergency plan. Secondly, the proposed intuitionistic fuzzy similarity calculation method is used to obtain the similarity between experts and determine the expert weight. The attribute weight is known, the intuitionistic fuzzy evaluation is converted into a Mass function, and the evaluation of expert's decision-making plan is revised and fused using evidence theory to obtain the final decision. Finally, an example analysis proves that the model is feasible and effective.


Syphilis is a rare but treatable cause of stroke in certain patients. We present a case of basilar stenosis and pontine stroke from meningovascular syphilis with clinical and radiographic improvement following treatment.

A 40-year-old right-handed man presented with left-sided weakness and a soft voice. The patient's symptoms started with lightheadedness and nausea, and progressed over hours to left-sided weakness involving the face, arm, and leg. He was brought to his local emergency department, where he had a normal general examination and dense left hemiparesis. MRI showed an infarct in the medial aspect of the right pons and suggested decreased flow in the basilar artery. The patient was transferred to the Neurologic Intensive Care Unit at our hospital.

The review of systems was notable for lightheadedness on standing during the past month and a transient rash over the forearms 8 years prior. There was no known history of sexually transmitted disease.

The mental status was normal except for a pseudobulbar affect; it was unclear how long this symptom had been …


According to the present and domestic situation of the net shell,this paper proposes one kind of net shell which is composed of pentagons and hexagons (combination polyhedrons).This paper elaborates geometric properties of the combination polyhedrons.The symmetry and the uniformity of the geometric properties provide the premise for its practical application.Then,the equation of the surface number of the combination polyhedrons is summarized.This shows such combination polyhedrons are infinite.Next this paper gives the hexagon configurations, the node configurations,the pole types and the quoin sum of the 32-hedron,42-hedron,92-hedron,122-hedron based on the principle of the quoin sum equaling.These kinds of nature of the 162-hedron,252-hedron,272-hedron,482-hedron and 752-hedron have also been listed.Finally,this article summarizes the relations of these characters which provide the basis for the modeling of the combination polyhedrons.


A questionnaire was sent to 53 teams with a specialist interest in congenital toxoplasmosis in 18 European countries. There was an 83 per cent response rate, but 20 teams in 12 countries were not aware of toxoplasma health education being done in their own country. Health education was often at a local rather than national level. The respondents are representa tive of specialists in this field and 86 per cent felt that a leaflet was the best way of communicating information about toxoplasmosis. The perceived ideal leaflet was about 550 words; used colour, figures and photographs; and was 21 cm by 29 cm folded to produce six pages. Health education was believed to be equally or more important than antenatal screening by 81 per cent, and 86 per cent felt that there should be a common European approach to health education.


This paper reflects on the resurgence of social movements in recent years in the Arab world, Europe and the United States, through the lens of a number of articles published in Global Dialogue, the magazine of the International Sociological Association (ISA), which existence coincides with such movements. These, although having national and regional specificities, share connections and mutual inspiration. Featured articles represent a sociology in times of turmoil that becomes a sociology of turmoil, which examines the social movements from the standpoint of both their commonalities and their divergences as seen through a global lens. Finally, the essay addresses the question of a sociology for these times of turmoil that links the movements to the world-wide ascendancy of marketization. Keywords: Social movements. Arab uprisings. Occupy movement. Indignados . Third-wave marketization.


C# is used to design basic computer management functions, e.g. automatic shut down, vaults, contacts, memos, file management, phone number inquiries etc, in addition to some mini games for entertainment. The design and realization of the computer housekeeper system can greatly facilitate users' life and improve their productivity.


The region around core-mantle boundary is estimated to be composed of post-perovskite phase with some fractions of outer core material. It is unclear that how these two different materials interact with each other chemically and dynamically. To understand these interactions, it is important to know the effect of a metallic melt on the viscosity of silicate rocks. According to Hirth & Kohlstedt (2003), strain rate is an exponential function of melt fraction (dε /dt ∝exp(αφ)) under a constant stress. With larger melt fraction, polycrystalline silicate becomes softer. Hustoft et al (2007) performed creep experiments on olivine+Fe-S and olivine+Au showing that the melt fraction factor αis approximately one-fifth relative to the value of αreported for olivine+MORB (Scott & Kohlstedt, 2006). However we don't know how the rock viscosity is affected by a relative size of metallic melt against olivine grains and by strain. To understand these effects, we performed creep experiments on olivine+Au and compared the viscosity obtained from our experiments with the viscosity reported by Hustoft et al (2007). We synthesized Fe-free olivine polycrystals with Au particles as follows; (i) We mixed fine powders of Mg(OH)2, SiO2 and Au. (ii) We made forsterite+enstatite from calcination of Mg(OH)2 and SiO2. (iii) We sintered the formed samples under a vacuum condition. Sintered materials contain forsterite, enstatite and Au with volume fractions of 81 %, 9 %, 10 %, respectively. Grain sizes of olivine and Au are 0.7 and 0.8 μm, respectively. We performed high-temprature and uni-axial compressional creep experiments on these materials at atmospheric pressure. We changed the stress from 10 MPa to 20 MPa, 40 MPa and 80 MPa at the constant temperatures (1200°C and 1300°C). Under each stress level, we measured a strain rate where the relationship between time and strain became linear (steady state creep). We observed microstructures of the aggregates after the experiments using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on stress versus strain rate data, we obtained a relationship of dε/dt ∝σ . We observed that equiaxed Au particles became flattened against compressional direction after the experiments. The samples exhibited 4~8 times softer than Au-free samples which were synthesized by the same method we used. Our samples are even 3~4 times softer relative to the aggregates used in Hustoft. In our experiments, Au particles deformed considerably, while the shape of the Au phases was not substantially changed at Hustoft's experiments. We attributed this difference to relatively larger size of Au particles to olivine grains in our study compared to that in Hustoft's sample. Substantial deformation of soft Au particles can increase the stress for olivine grains which enhanced creep rate.


Objective: To evaluate copper and zinc concentrations in plasma and follicular fluid from cattle ovaries, and estimate the impact of rational concentrations of copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs & ZnO-NPs) supplemented during in vitro maturation (IVM) against DNA damage of cumulus cells, glutathione content in oocytes and on consequent embryo development. Methods: Oocytes were obtained from 2 to 8 mm follicles by aspiration method for IVM. Replicates of experiments were performed on different days, with a separate batch of cumulus oocytes complex for each day. Results: The DNA damage of oocytes and cumulus cells significantly decreased with supplemental CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs concentrations of 0.7 and 1.0 μg/mL in the IVM medium compared to medium without CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs (P < 0.01). Total glutathione concentrations in oocytes and cumulus cells significantly increased following supplementation with both 0.7 and 1.0 μg/mL CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs in comparison with 0 and 0.4 μg/mL CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs supplemented groups (P < 0.01). Supplementation of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs during IVM medium at any concentration had no significant effect on cleavge rate. Both CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs significantly increased blastocyst rates when oocytes were matured with 0.7, 1.0 μg/mL CuO-NPs concentrations (P < 0.01). In contrast, addition of 1.5 μg/mL of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs to the maturation media resulted in detrimental effects on the developmental competence of bovine oocytes confirming toxicity induced by CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs in high concentrations. Conclusions: CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs-treated bovine oocytes during IVM show low level of DNA fragmentation and increased intracellular glutathione content of cumulus cells. In vitro embryo development is improved by supplementation of rational concentrations of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs to culture media. Toxicity induced by CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs is confirmed in high concentrations.


With the booming of small-medium sized enterprises, which are working as a key power in China's economic development, the managers are becoming an even more important role in the operation. A better external environment and appropriate encouragement mechanism should be created for enterprises to employ more qualified staff.


Thank you for downloading rebuilding the matrix science and faith in the 21st century. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite books like this rebuilding the matrix science and faith in the 21st century, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.


This study aims to analyze the role of work motivation and work environment in employee performance at the Medan City Trade Office. The method used in this research is a detailed qualitative method that leads to an in-depth description and description of the actual situation in the field. This study uses an open interview technique that is shown directly to employees of the trade department in the field of development and foreign trade. The results of this study indicate that the role of work motivation and work environment in employee performance at the Medan City Trade Office in the field of development and foreign trade affects the performance of employees. This is shown by the attitude of kinship and mutual assistance in carrying out tasks and discussing the program in deliberation. So that the increase in class, promotion and the results of their successful performance increase the motivation of employees so that they have good performance.
Keywords: Performance, Work Environment, Motivation


Given sufficient data, machine learning (ML) models have the potential to successfully detect, quantify, and predict various phenomena in the geosciences. ML surrogate models (emulators) can be fast, reliable, and robust when trained on sufficiently large datasets and are in some ways similar to lookup tables. Alternately, given the vast stores of remotely sensed data available both on land and in the ocean, ML models can identify patterns in these enormous data sets that facilitate accurate forecasts (extrapolations) of the quantities of interest. Here, example ML applications in the geosciences (surrogate models for forecasting ocean wave conditions and simulating reactive contaminant transport and data-driven models used to predict soil moisture and ocean Chlorophyll-a concentrations) are presented.


This paper reports on a project that sought to demonstrate the value of intergenerational activities for long-term care residents with dementia. Twenty-one residents participated in weekly music activities with young children and in similar activities without the children. Videotaping and a natural observer gathered data on residents' positive behaviors (for example, laughing). Analysis found two statistically significant differences between those times when children were and were not present: touching was more frequent when children were present while head nodding was less frequent. Caregivers observed residents' agitation levels later in the day on which the activities took place. Analysis showed that participation in activities with small children lowered residents' agitation levels.


Although breakthrough achievements of deep learning have been made in different areas, there is no good idea to prevent the time-consuming training process. Single-layer feedforward neural networks (e.g. BLS) are used to reduce the training time. However, with the decrease of training time, the accuracy degradation has emerged. In view of the limitation of random generation of connection parameters between feature nodes and enhancement nodes, this paper presents an algorithm (IBLS) based on BLS and backpropagation algorithm to learn the weights between feature nodes and enhancement nodes. Experiments over NORB and MNIST data sets show that the improved broad learning system achieves acceptable results.


Throughout human history, conflict, violence, and war have marked our common life. These fruits of anger and envy defy God's desire for peace, and have often dramatically shaped the destinies of individuals and whole nations. Ultimately, our faith tells us that war arises as an effect of original sin, a deeply-rooted alienation of the human person from God, self, and others. While the human person, created in the image of the Truine God, is naturally social, the power of sin distorts this sense of community and makes us into competitors and adversaries for social goods.


With the development of the society and all kinds of cultural communication, mixing and exchange, there are unprecedented challengesarouse in the ideological and political education work in higher vocational colleges.Suzhou Industrial Vocational and Technical College actively exploreseducational system of moral educationof "All Staff, All Process, All-regional and All Heart" under the background of moral education to consolidate the education foundation with style of "Practicals"to create a moral education situation of "Everyone has responsibility, Longitudinal to the base and Transverse to the edge".


From the perspective of cognitivism, any complex learning task can be broken down into its supporting components which when acquired will lead to the learning of the complex task. Failure to identify the supporting components will lead to non-achievement of the intended learning goal. The procedural task analysis and the learning task analysis technique are techniques that can be used to analyse learning or training demand which would lead to a better understanding of prerequisites to an intended learning/training goal. This paper provides an example of how procedural task analysis and the learning task analysis techniques can be used to identify the pre-requisites to a learning goal for a vocational skill training course in mechanical engineering.


An improved process that is commercially viable for forming on a substrate a conversion coating film cobalt oxide exhibiting properties of corrosion resistance and paint adhesion, wherein said substrate is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, comprising said method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a solution of forming cobalt conversion oxide film comprising an aqueous reaction solution, containing no triethanolamine (TEA), prepared by reacting the following starting materials: (1) a soluble cobalt-II salt CoX 2 where X = Cl, Br, NO 3, CN, SCN, 1 / 3PO 4, 1 / 2SO 4, 1 / 2CO 3, formate, or acetate; (2) a water soluble complexing agent selected from the group consisting of MeNO2, MeAc, MeFm, NH4Ac and 4FM NH, wherein Me is Na, K, or Li; Ac is acetate and Fm is formatted; (3) an accelerator selected from the group consisting of NaClO3, NaBrO3, and NaIO3; and (4) water; and (b) contacting said substrate with said aqueous reaction solution for an amount of time sufficient to oxidize the surface of said substrate time, whereby said conversion coating film cobalt oxide is formed, thereby imparting strength properties corrosion and paint adhesion to said substrate.


A variational determination of the angular dependence of a ground state product of single particle Bijl-Dingle-Jastrow wavefunctions for a strongly coupled boson fluid in the vicinity of the liquid-vapour transition zone is calculated. The first and second unassociated Legendre harmonics are retained in the angular description, and their amplitudes determined across the density transition. Expressions for the surface energy and surface tension are obtained which, in addition to the classical terms, contain a kinetic contribution which takes account of the zero point motions.


In 2014, Mario Molina Center performed a study concerning air pollutants in Asunción. The results showed that population of Asunción is exposed to high levels of air pollution particles (ranging between 2.5 and 10 microns) and nitrogen dioxide that threatens their health. In addition, the study showed that transport has an important role in this problem, due to the fact that emission of particles is one of the main problems of Diesel engines (about 80 % of the total fleet in Paraguay). Most of experimental studies of Diesel fuel combustion are performed using internal combustion engines, in order to characterize the emission and performance of the engine. From the numerical point of view, many studies are performed using homogeneous reactors. However, mainly due to the complexity of its chemical composition, there are only few studies on kinetic modeling of such fuel in a 1D configuration. This paper presents numerical studies of Diesel surrogate combustion in laminar counterflow diffusion flame configuration. The key objective of the study is to understand the flame structure of Diesel fuel and validate the kinetic models used in the simulations. The kinetic modelling for Diesel oxidation in the counterflow diffusion flame was performed using the COUNTERFLOW code within the REGATH package developed at EM2C laboratory (Centrale Supelec, France), that takes into account the detailed kinetic and transport phenomena (heat and mass transfer) through a numerical predictive 1D code. A kinetic model was chosen to carry the simulations. This model consists of 150 species and 759 reactions. A surrogate Diesel fuel composed of n-heptane and toluene was chosen to represent Diesel chemistry. Different equivalence ratios and strain rates of Diesel counterflow diffusion flames were studied. The flames structures were analysed and presented.


China's rapid development and commercialization of high-tech technologies in the fourth industrial revolution has led to effective technology exchanges between Korean and Chinese firms becoming more important to Korea's mid-term and long-term industrial development. http://www.jsebs.org ISSN: 2288-3908 The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies Vol.25, No.3, August 2020, pp.41-61 https://doi.org/10.7838/jsebs.2020.25.3.041


Objective To construct the recombinant plasmid pET32a-ypo1996 based on Yersinia pestis comparative proteome and express the protein rYPO1996 in order to develop a new method of diagnosing Y.pestis.Methods Primers were designed according to the YPO1996 gene sequence of Y.pestis strain CO92.The target DNA fragments of YPO1996 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the products were inserted directionally into a pET32a(+) vector.The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) and inducted by IPTG.The fusion protein was effectively expressed and purified.The expressed protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Results The target gene YPO1996 had been inserted successfully into pET32a(+),and the results of SDS-PAGE showed that the expression product was about 53.11 ku as predicted.The fusion protein rYPO1996 performed well in terms of solubility and can be recognized by antibodies against the Y.pestis strain(EV strain) in Western blot.Conclusion The new pET32a-ypo1996 plasmid is successfully constructed in a prokaryotic expression system,and the protein rYPO1996 showed satisfactory solubility and antigenicity.It may be an acceptable candidate antigen for the diagnosis of Y.pestis infection.


The invention discloses a vertical rotor fuel gas solenoid valve, the structure of which can lead a magnetic circuit of the solenoid valve to be shortened and lead the processing technique to be simple, and the concentricity of a rotor and a stator has accurate location and convenient adjustment, and the relation curve of the fuel gas flow rate and current can be adjusted at any time, so the smallest starting point of the fuel gas flow rate can be determined and the adjustment and location are accurate; the solenoid valve can be used for adjusting the fuel gas flow rate and used as a switch, and the solenoid valve can be changed into a strong absorbing valve. The fuel gas solenoid valve comprises a vertical rotor electromagnet, a rotor adjusting bolt, a bracket, a spring and an adjusting bolt; a sealing gasket and a gasket spring are arranged on round lug boss at the external end of a swinging arm which is fixedly connected with a rotor shaft, and the round lug boss is connected with a valve port in a matching way for adjusting the fuel gas flow rate; the transverse positions of the rotor adjusting bolt and the bracket are adjusted for adjusting the relation curve of the fuel gas flow rate and the winding current, and the smallest starting point of the fuel gas flow rate can be determined.


This paper deals with the modeling and numerical simulations of multilane vehicular traffic according to the discrete kinetic theory approach. The nonlinear additive interactions and external actions such as tollgates as well traffic signs are considered and modeled. The well-posedness of the related Cauchy problem for the spatially homogeneous case has been proved by using Banach fixed-point theory. Numerical simulations are carried out to validate the improved model in the cases of spatially homogeneous and inhomogeneous problems.


Based on analyzing the mode of communication and model of energy drainage,the criterion of clustering the nodes and the best communication radius of node were proposed,using multi-hop mode by comparing this two different topologies of cluster.Simulations show that these methods meet the requirements of WSNs for low-energy.


Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a kind of plant defense proteins with many biological activities and functions.TLPs belong to the fifth grou Pof pathogenesis-related proteins.There are many researches on antifungal activity of TLPs in recent years.TLPs exhibit the glucanase activity,and they can bind and digest β-1,3 glucan which is a major component of fungal cell wall.In the crystal structure of TLPs,an acidic cleft on the surface of the protein appears to be necessary for antifungal activity.The relation between the structure and function,biological characteristics,and application in transgenic engineering about TLPs were reviewed.


The tanning industry is commonly felt as a very polluting activity. This is because it is not very well known outside the tanning sector and people don't know how much money and efforts the tanning industry spent and spends to reduce pollution and to use cleaner technologies and materials. Likewise, the most frequent uses people know for leather are for shoes, garment, leather goods, etc. Nevertheless leather is used also for less known utilizations, sometimes also in high technological sectors the to its very specific properties. Some special characteristics are also shown, beyond the natural ones, you can give to the leather to make it able to meet the more recent and modern request of the market.


Based on the statistics yearbook 2009 Chinese cities of data,using principal component analysisevaluation of area under the administration of Zhengzhou city six counties and the comprehensive economicstrength,the analysis results show that comprehensive economic strength of regional differs.Corresponding sug-gestions will better serve for social and economic development.


ABSTRACT Dialects became a traditional research subject of linguists who collect and analyse data from a linguistic perspective and a spatial perspective. Detailed research on the distribution of dialects and their specifics is an important part of preserving every nation's cultural heritage. With the gradual disappearance of dialects in society, this topic is very relevant. The presented paper briefly describes the history of dialect research and the most important outcome in recent years, the Czech Linguistic Atlas (CLA). CLA presents the data only in a very simple form from a cartographic point of view, so a new approach has been applied. A new atlas was created from this data, focusing on a specific area of dialectology – vowels shortening. This new atlas' internal structure corresponds to the cartographic atlas theory as a system and contains both analytical and synthetic maps. Synthetic maps show areas with similar (and unique in the case of regionalisation) combinations of evaluated attributes. The concept of map synthesis is described, and further research questions are designed.


The most dangerous and unpredictable wildland fires are crown fires in which the live, green foliage ignites and carries the fire. Live, green foliage also burns during prescribed fires in shrublands. Thus an understanding of what variables affect the ignition of these live fuels is crucial to predicting fire spread in living forest and shrub fuels. Of particular interest is how the flammability of these fuels changes with season. This paper presents the results of ignition tests performed over the course of an entire year for three species: lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum). The ignition delay and the mass loss rate at ignition were measured using the FIST apparatus with a radiant heat flux of 50 kW/m and flow velocity of 1 m/s. The fuel moisture content was also measured. Contrary to dead fuel results, the ignition time of the lodgepole pine and chamise were not correlated at all to the moisture content. The mass loss rate at ignition was somewhat positively correlated to the moisture content for the chamise, not correlated at all for sagebrush, and somewhat negatively for the lodgepole pine. The mass loss rate at ignition was somewhat negatively correlated to the ignition time for lodgepole pine as well. Both sagebrush and chamise showed no correlation of mass loss with ignition time. Clearly, the trends in ignition are species dependent and may not follow the expected trends based on dead fuels.


Rising temperatures and thawing permafrost will change nutrient concentrations in Arctic waterways, which will influence the growth of biogeochemically important biofilms.


We show that the Lp Busemann-Petty centroid inequality provides an el- ementary and powerful tool to the study of certain sharp affine functional inequalities with a geometric content, like log-Sobolev, Gagliardo-Nirenberg and Sobolev inequalities. Some of them are new and others are already known and all inequalities are significantly stronger than and imply the classical corresponding sharp ones.


A three‐dimensional reconstruction of the rod profiles seen in inner and outer rat incisor enamel was made from serial 1 μ cross sections of a decalcified upper incisor. The enamel rod was found to be an elongated structure which travelled incisally relative to its origin and ran continuously from the dentino‐enamel junction to the enamel surface. The rod was divisible into an inner and outer enamel portion. The inner enamel portion began at the dentinoenamel junction and travelled incisally for about 20 μ with either a mesial or lateral tilt towards the outer enamel. The outer enamel portion of the rod was straight and ran incisally for about 60 μ as it gradually approached the enamel surface.


The author of the article highlights as the main issue the development of musicology in the former Soviet Republic of Moldova in the context of "cultural transfer" between Russia, Moldova and Romania. The solution to this is based on methods of historical comparative analysis, taking into consideration the transnational approach to the close-knit historical ties of Moldova, Russia and Romania. The analysis of inter-ethnical connections has conditioned the principle behind the drafting of this article, which combines a historical, chronological and geopolitical perspective. It is divided into two parts. The first part describes the development of professional musical culture in Moldova prior to its gaining independence in 1991, and consists of three time periods, including Moldova (Bessarabia) as part of the Russian Empire, Moldova as part of the Kingdom of Romania and the MSSR (the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic) as part of the USSR. The necessity for such an introduction is explained by the fact that prior to gaining independence Moldova experienced several waves of "cultural transfer," which have anticipated the pressure points and aspects of musicology of the 21th century. The second part focuses on the development of musical scholarship in independent Moldova, which has had the opportunity to establish transnational ties with other countries. After the dissolution of the USSR, the radical metamorphosis of the country's social and geopolitical structure was accentuated by issues caused by poverty and the change of the official language. At the same time, this part of the article provides an overview of music scholarship, covering the development of the musical education in higher educational institutions, on the example of the Academy of Music, Theater and Fine Arts, and its impact on the evolutionary process of musical scholarship through the activity of the graduates of the leading Russian higher education establishments — the Moscow State P. I. Tchaikovsky Conservatory and the Gnesin Russian Academy of Music, as well as a brief description of the founders of these schools of musicology. Concurrently, a process of "cultural transfer" with Romanian musicology experts and composers has taken place, and the beneficial influence of the latter on the development of professional education and musicology in Moldova is also examined.


ABSTRACT The article aims to provide a historical overview of language planning and policy in Russia and to establish and analyse the overarching approaches in status, acquisition, and corpus planning. The provided examples and analysis of various stages reinforce the argument that the development of language policy and planning was consistent with the endeavours of political elites to centralise power and adjust the agency use of languages for their political ends. Our data showed that the State has played the key role in the development of the rhetoric either in order to frame language selection or to generate the perception of high or low prestige languages. We argue that the Russian language has always been central for ruling elites. They have supported the development of Russian throughout history while limiting the use and functioning of other national, regional, or minority languages through promoting bilingualism or other approaches generating mass loyalty. Recent changes which diminish the role of minority languages may lead to further deterioration of their status, acquisition, and corpus planning.


This report summarizes the first phase of the program to reduce energy
use in proposed new construction in state-owned buildings. The
Energy Systems Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at
Texas A&M University worked jointly with the Energy Management Center
(EMC) of the Governor's Office (formerly the Energy Efficiency Division of
the Public Utility Commission) and the State Purchasing and General Services
Commission (SPGSC). A total of six buildings were analyzed. One
of the buildings had just been completed when this project was initiated
in 1986. The other five buildings were in various design phases.


The object of this study is to proposed and evaluate a design procedure for shear and torsion in reinforced and prestressed concrete beams, with the aim of clarifying and simplifying current design provisions and AASHTO standard specifications. This report summarizes an extensive literature review which documents the development of present regulations and procedures. In addition, the report outlines the general background and derivation or a powerful three-dimensional space truss model with variable angle of inclination of the diagonal elements. This conceptual model was developed by European and Canadian engineers over the past 15 years. The model is shown to be a plasticity lower bound solution which matches the upper bound solution. Thus the model is a mathematically valid solution which represents the failure load. Extension of the sue of this model into a design procedure is outlined. Experimental verification, detailed design procedures and specifications, and example applications are given in later reports in this series. (FHWA)


Intelligent and automated systems for diagnosing heart disease play a key role in treatment of heart disease and hence mitigating the possibility of heart disease, heart failure or sudden death. Thus, a Computer-Aided Design CAD system can provide a doctors with a clue about the category of patient heart disease, which might be Normal Sinus Rhythm, Abnormal Arrhythmia (ARR), and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. In this work a novel Slantlet transform (SLT) statistical features have been extracted and selected for 900 ECG segments taken from MIT-BIH ARR Database equally from three classes mentioned above for heart dieses classification through ECG signals. Based on the superiority of SLT in time localization as compared to the traditional wavelet transform, 12 out of 14 statistical features have been successfully passed the ANOVA test with P-value of 10−3. Then after, the relevant features are provided to three well-known classifiers (Support Vector Machine [SVM], K-nearest neighbor, and Naive Bayes). The performance tests show that Attaining 99.254% classification average AUC it can be achieved using SLT transform based features along with SVM classifier, which is a set of related supervised machine learning algorithm used for regression and classification with high generalization ability. It performs classification on two group problems. SVM classifier determines the best hyperplane which distinguishes between each positive and negative training sample.


The ExoMars Rover and Surface Platform planned for launch in 2022 is a large international cooperation between the European Space Agency and Roscosmos with a scientific contribution from NASA.  Thales Alenia Space is the ExoMars mission industrial prime contractor.

Besides sensors and instruments characterizing the surface at large scale, the ExoMars’ rover Rosalind Franklin payload features some experiments devoted specifically to the characterization of the first few meters of the Martian subsurface. These experiments are particularly critical for the main ExoMars objective of detecting traces of present or past life forms on Mars, which may have been preserved within the shallow Martian underground [1].

Rosalind Franklin will be able to perform both non-invasive geophysical imaging of the underground [2] and subsurface in situ measurements thanks to the Drill unit installed on the rover. The Drill has been developed by Leonardo and its purposes are 1) to collect core samples to be analyzed in the Analytical Laboratory Drawer (ALD) onboard the Rover and 2) to drive the miniaturized spectrometer Ma_MISS within the borehole.

Ma_MISS (Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface Studies, [3]) will collect mineralogic measurements from the rocks exposed into the borehole created by the Drill with a spatial resolution of 120 μm down to 2 meters into the Martian subsurface.

Rocks are composed of grains of minerals, and their reaction to an applied stress is related to the mechanical behavior of the minerals that compose the rock itself. The mechanical properties of a mineral depend mainly on the strength of the chemical bonds, the orientation of crystals, and the number of impurities in the crystal lattice.

In this context, the integration of Ma_MISS measurements and drill telemetry are of great importance.  The mechanical properties of rocks coupled with their mineralogic composition provide a rich source of information to characterize the nature of rocks being explored by ExoMars rover’s drilling activity.

Within our study, we are starting to collect telemetry recorded during the Drill unit tests on several samples ranging from sedimentary to volcanic rocks with varying degrees of weathering and water content.  In this first phase of the study, we focused our attention on the variation of torque and penetration speed between different samples, which have been found to be indicative of a particular type of rock or group of rocks and their water content.

We are planning to analyze the same rocks with the Ma_MISS breadboard creating the link between the mineralogy and the mechanical response of the Drill.

This will put the base for a more comprehensive and rich characterization of the in situ subsurface observation by Rosalind Franklin planned at Oxia Planum, Mars in 2023.

Acknowledgments: We thank the European Space Agency (ESA) for developing the ExoMars Project, ROSCOSMOS and Thales Alenia Space for rover development, and Italian Space Agency (ASI) for funding the Ma_MISS experiment (ASI-INAF contract n.2017-48-H.0 for ExoMars MA_MISS phase E/science).

References

[1] Vago et al., 2017. Astrobiology, 17 6-7. [2] Ciarletti et al., 2017. Astrobiology, 17 6-7. [3] De Sanctis et al., 2017. Astrobiology, 17 6-7.


This article discusses the ranking results by Keil and Huber (2004) and re-examines the publication activity of research institutes in the German-speaking area for the period 1989–2003. Placing special emphasis on the national visibility of the output measured by means of bibliometric methods as well as on a stringent selection of institutes, we fail to replicate and cast some doubt on the findings of the preceding study. Martin Steininger und Bernd Süssmuth 420 # Verein für Socialpolitik und Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2005


Short or object-specific counting sequences in a language are generally regarded as early steps in the evolution from premathematical conceptions to greater abstraction and often as cognitively deficient. This paper scrutinizes the main numeration principles in some of the occasionally referenced instances from Melanesia and Polynesia to show that neither assumption holds categorically. The analysis of their cognitive properties, linguistic origins, and cultural context reveals that both the short and the object-specific counting sequences in Oceania did not precede, but were developed out of an extensive and abstract sequence. Furthermore, the object-specific sequences can be shown to have served as cognitively efficient tools for calculating without notation.


Among the major changes that our understanding of the concept of knowledge has undergone over the last fifty years, few are as significant as the realization of the profoundly political nature of the process of knowledge production and dissemination. The politics of knowledge manifest themselves in the hierarchical nature of knowledge systems and knowledge institutions, in the intricate relationship between knowledge and power ሺwhich can be construed as a relationship of reciprocal legitimationሻ, in the political dynamics inherent in the transnational knowledge system and its division of intellectual labor, and in the political economy of the commercialization of knowledge. The discourses on development, gender, and democracy provide cases in point. As premier agencies for producing and disseminating knowledge, institutions of higher education are deeply affected by the politics of knowledge, and have to be cognizant of the many ways in which political forces contribute to shaping their programs of teaching and research, the role of disciplines in structuring academic life, t he assessment of academic quality, and their relationship to the state. A special issue arises out of the growing tensions between the transnational nature of the global knowledge system and the many ways in which universities are still beholden to national frames of reference.


D = dominant (>50% of the total assemblages); A = abundant (32%–50% of the total assemblages); C = common (8%–32% of the total assemblages); F = few (2%–8% of the total assemblages); R = rare (1%–2% of the total assemblages); and VR = very rare (<1% of the total assemblages). The preservation of the nannofossils was recorded using the criteria of Steinmetz (1979) where


A CMOS-compatible 3-mask process for 2-axis self-aligned vertical comb-driven micromirror fabrication is described. Our 1024¿m diameter mirrors exhibit resonance at 2.81kHz, 669Hz, and maximum scan angles of 22°, 12° and 5.0°, 4.5° for resonant and static voltage operation on inner and outer axes. Reflectance confocal images of USAF1951 resolution target and epithelial breast tissue obtained at 3.0fps with 0.49¿m, 4.18¿m lateral and axial resolution over 200×125¿m field of view indicate the potential of these devices for large field-of-view microendoscopes.


This paper reports on the findings of an empirically based case study of the use of function points analysis (FPA) by the information systems division of a large financial services company. The software engineering productivity figures measured by FPA in this company varied widely across the departments of the division and projects. Investigation of the reasons for the variations showed that, in addition to factors such as the technology platform and application characteristics, organizational and human factors affect the accuracy and reliability of productivity figures. Elucidating the lessons from this case, this paper suggests that three factors – knowledge of the FPA, calibration of the function point productivity indicator and rigour of the measurement process – are critical to the successful implementation of an FPA programme. These findings and the issues identified in the paper will be of interest to academics in the area of software productivity measurement and companies considering FPA as a productivity metric.


The faded rate of the population and the efficacy of phoxim 8% ME at different concentration 1-3 day after sprayed pesticide against aphid and Prodenia litura were investigated using whole-plant bioassay.The results showed that the efficacy of Phoxim 8% ME at 375 g ai./hm2against aphid was obviously better higher than that of phoxim 40% EC at 375 g ai/hm2,and the efficacy of Phoxim 8% ME at 93.75-187.5 g ai./hm2was equal to that of phoxim 40% EC at 375 g ai/hm2.The efficacy of Phoxim 8% ME at 400 g ai./hm2 against Prodenia litura was equal to that of phoxim 40% EC at 400 g ai/hm2.Phoxim 8% ME had better efficacy against aphid and Prodenia litura,was applicable against aphid and Prodenia litura in the cruciferae vegetables.


,e study was conducted in protected woodland and free graze woodland located in Dugda Woreda, Oromia state, Ethiopia. ,e objective of the study was to explore the floristic composition, structure, and regeneration of woody species. In the park, the vegetation ecology has not been studied up to date, which is necessary for conservation. ,e systematic sampling technique was used to collect vegetation and human disturbance (presence and absence) data from August to December 2017. ,e vegetation data were collected from 30 plots from each woodland with a size of 900m (30m× 300m) for tree/shrub, while subplots of size 400m (20m× 20m) for sapling, respectively, were established in the main plots. Individual tree and shrub diameters at breast height (DBH) ≥2.5 cm and height≥ 2m were measured using a tape meter and clinometer, respectively. Diameter at breast height (DBH), frequency, density, basal area, and importance value index (IVI) were used for vegetation structure description, while the densities of mature trees, sapling, and seedling were used for regeneration. A total of 446 individual stems from free grazed woodland and 641 individual stems from protected woodland with a DBH of ≥2.5 cm were encountered from 30 studied sample plots that are protected and free grazed woodlands. Of these, from the total woody species, 68.42% were trees and 31.57% shrubs found in protected woodland; 76.92% were trees and 23.07% shrubs found in free grazed woodland. ,e total basal area of the woody plant was 3.1± 1m/ha in free grazed woodland and 4.2± 2m/ha in protected woodland, calculated for 19 woody species. Fabaceae, Balanitaceae, Capparidaceae, Verbenaceae, and Boraginaceae families were the most abundant families in both woodlands. However, there is a good initiation for the conservation of the park; still, the vegetation of the park was threatened by human-induced fire following intensive farming, gold mining, and overgrazing.


In the solutions of sodium molybdate,the effects of pH value,sodium molybdate concentration,pulse time scale,pre-polarization potential on Potentiostatic Pulse Test(PPT)behaviors of 30Cr2MoV turbine rotor steel was investigated by using the orthogonal test.The significance of the effect of these four factors on the PPT behavior of 30Cr2MoV turbine rotor steel ordered from large to small as following: pH value,sodium molybdate concentration,pulse time scale,pre-polarization potential.The optimal test condition for studying the aging of turbine rotor steel by PPT method is 3.4 of pH value,1:2 of pulse time scale,0.1mol/L of sodium molybdate concentration,and 350mV of pre-polarization potential.Double-layered charging current deducts from the overall current in the PPT test,so can enhance the precision of reactivation current.


The solution is about the country's management of the science results at present,especially in the accomplish of the distributed science results management's coordination and operation and the practicable model.


We present the results of differential proper-motion analyses of the Egg Nebula (RAFGL 2688, V1610 Cyg) based on the archived two-epoch optical data taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. First, we determined that the polarization characteristics of the Egg Nebula are influenced by the higher optical depth of the central regions of the nebula (i.e., the "dustsphere" of ∼103 AU radius), causing the nebula to illuminate in two steps—the direct starlight is first channeled into bipolar cavities and then scattered off to the rest of the nebula. We then measured the amount of motion of local structures and the signature concentric arcs by determining their relative shifts over the 7.25 yr interval. Based on our analysis, which does not rely on the single-scattering assumption, we concluded that the lobes have been excavated by a linear expansion along the bipolar axis for the past ∼400 yr, while the concentric arcs have been generated continuously and moving out radially at about 10 km s−1 for the past ∼5500 yr, and there appears to be a colatitudinally increasing trend in the radial expansion velocity field of the concentric arcs. Numerical investigations into the mass-loss modulation by the central binary system exist, which predict such a colatitudinally increasing expansion velocity field in the spiral-shock trails of the mass-loss ejecta. Therefore, the Egg Nebula may represent a rare edge-on case of the binary-modulated circumstellar environs, corroborating the previous theoretical predictions.


The robust exponential stability in mean square for a class of linear stochastic uncertain control systems is dealt with.For the uncertain stochastic systems,we have designed an optimal controller which guarantees the exponential stability of the system.Actually,we employed Lyapunov function approach and the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation (SARE) to have shown the robustness of the linear quadratic(LQ) optimal control law.And the algebraic criteria for the exponential stability on the linear stochastic uncertain closed-loop systems are given.


This article proposes a novel deep transfer learning-based online remaining useful life (RUL) approach for rolling bearings under unknown working condition. This approach solves the following concerns: the drift of online working condition would block data accumulation and raise bias in the prediction model, and online bearing merely has early fault data when activating RUL prediction, failing to conduct transfer learning from offline data. First, a new transfer learning-based time series recursive forecasting model is constructed to generate online RUL pseudovalues via fusing prior degradation information from offline whole-life data. With such supervised information, a new deep domain-adversarial regression network with multilevel adaptation is further built to transfer prognostic knowledge from offline data to online scenario and evaluate the RUL values of online data batch. Experimental results on the IEEE PHM Challenge 2012 bearing dataset and XJTU-SY bearing dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Effective technology management depends mostly on the emphasis laid by the organization on learning at all levels. This paper, based on several case studies and empirical analyses of over 200 organizations, describes the organizational issues involved in successful technological transformation. Flexibility planning, emphasis on training and development, and unique experiments such as gang-planks (gatekeepers) facilitate technological innovation.<<ETX>>


Introduction
Paradoxical embolism from right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a well-characterized cause of embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS). In order to better understand the pathogenic role of atrial septum defects (ASD), we compared them with ESUS of high and low likelihood of being related to PFO.
Methods
In the Acute STroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL), we calculated prevalence of PFO and ASD in ESUS patient undergoing echocardiography, and odds ratios (OR) when to compared to non-cryptogenic strokes. Using the Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score, we divided cryptogenic PFO patients in high (HL-PFO, RoPE 8- 10) and low-likelihood (LL-PFO, RoPE 0-4) PFO-related stroke. We then performed univariate comparison of epidemiological, clinical and radiological variables of both group with ESUS ASD patients.
Results
Among all ESUS, prevalence for ASD and PFO were 1.3% and 36.8% respectively. When compared to non-cryptogenic stroke, ASD and PFO were associated with ESUS (OR of 5.2, CI= 1.6-16.6, and 2.8, CI= 2.1-3.8). Compared with HL-PFO, ASD were older, more often female, had more cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and silent strokes. Compared with LL-PFO, ASD group was significantly younger, more often female, and had less CVRF. No differences were found for clinical and radiological characteristics and outcome.
Conclusion
In ESUS, ASD seems to be a rare but significant stroke risk factor. Given that characteristics of such patients lie in-between high and low-likelihood paradoxical PFO- stroke, a thorough workup for other stroke mechanisms is warranted in ASD patients before routine ASD closure.


(Received 16 September 2019 ; in final form 21 April 2020) Abstract Considering the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in a 4-dimensional Einstein Gravity, we find a black brane solution in the AdS space. For this setup, by using the AdS/CFT holography, we find non-Abelian color conductivity of the gauge theory on the boundary of the AdS space. Color conductivity is defined by the generalized Ohm's law and computed by applying holography to the linear response theory.


Given the rapid changes in health care today and the increasingly intense nature of competition among health-care providers, the success of virtually all health-care organizations relies increasingly on effective training of personnel, and on the linkage of training approaches and strategies to overall business goals and organizational performance. This article outlines the key steps involved in undertaking a training needs assessment in an institutional health-care setting, the outcome of which can help institutions align training approaches to support their business goals and institutional needs. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Color poster of a female mechanic and two male mechanics maintaining or building an airplane. Other military airplanes can be seen on the ground in the background. A "6th War Loan" seal in the upper right corner of the poster depicts a bomb about to strike a Japanese flag.


A unidirectional coherent random laser is constructed by a sandwich structure consisting of two polydimethylsiloxane plates and a highly transparent ultra-thin liquid active layer embedded with silica nanoparticles (NPs). The optical feedback of the random laser is provided by both strong waveguide confinement and the SiO2 NPs' multiple scattering. Compared with random laser in a quartz cuvette, the pump threshold is only 700 µJ cm−2. The lowest threshold is obtained in an optimum concentration of silica NPs. The change of peak positions in the liquid waveguide structure is larger than that in the quartz cuvette for different solvents. The peak-shift of the emission wavelength is more sensitive in the liquid waveguide structure, which is a promising platform for bio-chemical and bio-sensing applications.


Team Caltech consists of over 50 undergraduates who have worked to conceive, design, build and optimize Alice, our entry in the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge. Alice utilizes a highly networked control system architecture to provide high performance, autonomous driving in unknown environments. Innovations include a vehicle designed for testing and racing in harsh environments, a highly sensory-driven approach to fuse sensor data into speed maps used by real-time trajectory optimization algorithms, health and contingency management algorithms to manage failures at the component and system level, and a software logging and display environment that enables rapid assessment of performance during testing. ∗Address all correspondence to Richard M. Murray, firstname.lastname@example.com


Journal ranking is a widely used tool in universities to evaluate the academic journal's impact and quality. Journal rankings should indicate the journal place within its field and reflect its prestige. These rankings are used as official research evaluation tools in numerous countries.
The performance of a scientific journal can be evaluated with its impact factor, a metric introduced by E. Garfield in 1972, which is calculated yearly starting from 1975 for journals listed in Journal Citation Reports by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), now owned by Clarivate Analytics. The impact factor is found as the number of citations received by the journal in a year by the articles published in the last two years, counted in ISI, divided by the number of the journal's articles published in these two years. Nowadays, there are many organizations calculating the impact factor in various ways, but the relevant impact factor remains that determined by ISI.
To achieve a high impact factor and in consequence a good ranking, journals publish mainly original papers and reviews. Regarding case reports, only the exceptional one are published, in order to get the denominator for calculating the impact factor as small as possible. Obviously, publishing high quality articles is the best way to increase the journal's impact factor.
Many researchers are nowadays evaluated by the quality of their publications and the number of citations received by these publications. Wide exposure of the research articles and reaching the largest possible addressees is the key factor to increase citations of the article. Therefore, the open access articles are advantaged compared with those requiring subscription.
In the past, numerous scientific publications took measures to increase their impact factors. These measures can sometimes appeal to the use of dubious means, such as self-citations or convincing the authors to cite the journal, selective publication of highly cited authors etc. The Romanian Journal of Acoustics and Vibration discourage such measures to increase citation and impact factor of the journal.
The editorial team thanks all authors for submitting articles of high quality to our journal and for their contributions in improving the quality of the journal. The Romanian Journal of Acoustics and Vibration offer to all authors open access publication of their articles without asking for publication fees. Thus, the high quality original articles and reviews submitted by the authors will get an increased number of citations and help the journal achieving even higher standards.


This working paper discusses the statistical simulation part of a controlled software development experiment being conducted under the direction of the System Validation Methods Branch, Information Systems Division, NASA Langley Research Center. The experiment uses guidance and control software (GCS) aboard a fictitious planetary landing spacecraft: real-time control software operating on a transient mission. Software execution is simulated to study the statistical aspects of reliability and other failure characteristics of the software during development, testing, and random usage. Quantification of software reliability is a major goal. Various reliability concepts are discussed. Experiments are described for performing simulations and collecting appropriate simulated software performance and failure data. This data is then used to make statistical inferences about the quality of the software development and verification processes as well as inferences about the reliability of software versions and reliability growth under random testing and debugging.