In a world where virtual environments are defining new ways of teaching and learning, the acquisition of new skills are necessary in citizen the twenty-first century. Educational activities should promote the growth of open source, as it boosts the amount of data. In addition, it is recognized as the best stage for participation and equal opportunities and the development of skills such as information processing and digital competence. In this sense, the objective of the paper is to know the existing perception among the Spanish scientific community, on information processing and digital competence and use of information potential of the new communication and educational products for the effectiveness of citizen empowerment. The methodology has been defined in the qualitative paradigm. The research instrument was intensive content analysis. The analysis results were obtained from a selection of scientific articles in Spanish, chosen for their relevance and scientific impact between 2008 and 2012. In conclusion, the hypothesis is confirmed, stating the need to promote information processing and digital competence, especially in the educational field, in order to produce competent citizens.


Over the past decade, electronic commerce on the technological foundation of the Web-Internet compound has entered extensive areas of organizational and social activity. This broad-based organizati...


Background: On receiving chemotherapy, extravasation of drugs is a severe problem. The extravasations occur more commonly in patients who are elderly, have a poor performance status, have diabetes mellitus complications or have repeatedly received chemotherapy. Also, cancer patients usually require repeated venous punctures for this treatment. Purpose and methods: For the purpose of evaluating the efficacy and safety of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) for intravenous chemotherapy, we retrospectively reviewed all the cancer patients for whom PICC were inserted for chemotherapy from April 2008 to December 2010. Patients' background, duration of PICC insertion and complications were evaluated in this study. Results: Ten patients (male 4, female 6) were reviewed in this study. The median age was 59 years (17∼69). A total of 13 PICCs were inserted in 10 patients. The most common underlying disease was abdominal rhabdomyosarcoma (n=3, 30%) followed by lung cancer (n=2, 20%) and hematologic tumor (n=2, 20%). The average catheter span was 46 days. Catheter-related infections were seen in 2 cases (15.4%). No phlebitis or thrombosis usually associated with venous route was detected in PICC used for chemotherapy. Conclusions: PICC might reduce patients' discomfort such as repeated venous punctures or complications associated with chemotherapy. We suggest that PICC would be one of the effective tools in chemotherapy. Palliat Care Res 2011; 6(2): 233-236


Analytical ultracentrifugation of highly purified seminalplasmin revealed a molecular mass of 6300. Amino acid analysis of the protein preparation indicated the absence of sulfur‐containing amino acids cysteine and methionine. The amino acid sequence of seminalplasmin was determined by manual Edman degradation of peptides obtained by proteolytic enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin and thermolysin: NH2‐Ser Asp Glu Lys Ala Ser Pro Asp Lys His His Arg Phe Ser Leu Ser Arg Tyr Ala Lys Leu Ala Asn Arg Leu Ser Lys Trp Ile Gly Asn Arg Gly Asn Arg Leu Ala Asn Pro Lys Leu Leu Glu Thr Phe Lys Ser Val‐COOH. The number of amino acids according to the sequence were 48, the molecular mass 6385. As predicted from the sequence, seminalplasmin very likely contains two α‐helical domains in which residues 8‐17 and 40‐48 are involved. No evidence for the existence of β‐sheet structures was obtained. Treatment of seminalplasmin with the above proteases as well as with amino peptidase M and carboxypeptidase Y completely eliminated biological activity.


A practical integrated estimating algorithm is proposed for multiple dynamic airborne radar networks without common targets to modifying the systematic bias, which extended innovatively from multiple sensors registration methods on common targets. On the frame of multi-sensor data fusion, the approach on overlapping common targets can be executed using Kalman filter and Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed coordinate system (ECEF) by many targets loops and times loops. The experiment shows it has good precision and robust for short distance dynamic radar networks using high speed data link even though no overlapping coverage areas are existed. The mean of ECEF X axis bias and Y axis bias are improved perfectly when compared before and after registration.


A new method for lactone synthesis with bis(trimethylsilyl) peroxide as the oxidant and ionic liquids as solvents is reported. We propose two possibilities for the Baeyer–Villiger reaction course. The first of these is based on simply exchanging dichloromethane, the classical solvent for Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, for the ionic liquid bmimNTf2, which results in increased product yields. The second possibility is the elimination of the Baeyer–Villiger reaction catalyst and use of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate as both the solvent and catalyst. This method gives lactones in high yields with the possibility of ionic liquid recycling.


Over the past several decades, observers of American Buddhism have created numerous typologies to describe different categories of Buddhists in the United States. These taxonomies use different criteria to categorize groups: style of practice, degree of institutional stability, mode of transmission to the U.S., ethnicity, etc. Each reveals some features of American Buddhism and obscures others. None accounts adequately for hybrids or for long-term changes within categories. Most include a divide between convert Buddhists, characterized as predominantly Caucasian, and "heritage" or "ethnic" Buddhists, characterized as Asian immigrants and refugees, as well as their descendants. This article examines several typologies, and considers two dynamics: the effects of white racism on the development of American Buddhist communities; and the effects of unconscious white privilege in scholarly discourse about these communities. It critiques "ethnic" categories and proposes other ways to conceptualize the diverse forms of Buddhism outside Asia.


In view of the problems from literature resources security and services system of weak disciplines,based on the presentation of textiles history,taking the research on the textiles history of Sci-tech Novelty Retrieval in Doctoral Dissertation from College of Textiles and Fashion Art Design Institute in Donghua University as an example,some topics such as research status,distribution per year,content features involved were analyzed. For their research needs,ideas and initiatives building literature resources security system for textiles history were discussed.


number of PD patients at the time. Consequently, we believe that these particular neurodegenerative conditions co-occur far more frequently than could be expected by chance alone and/or reflect common etiology, pathogenic process, or common vulnerabilities between specific neuronal populations. We also believe that the cases described by Klos and colleagues,1 with comparative short duration of illness (4 and 1.5 years), demonstrated such short survival because of much more severe motor neuron dysfunction than were seen in our series. In our series of 14 patients, including patients we found after 1995, Parkinsonism long predated motor neuron dysfunction: symptomatic Parkinsonism duration ranged from 5 to 26 years compared with 1 to 11 years of motor neuron dysfunction. Finally, Klos and colleagues1 made no mention of family history of neurodegeneration. We observed that 5 of 14 patients had a close relative with AD, which may also contribute to eventual clinicopathological outcomes.


This release introduces significant performance and scalability upgrades in key product areas: migration, converting between frameworks, building matrices, Merge, Teamwork Cloud project load, Teamwork Cloud project saving, table loading, Excel and CSV files import, and such common modeling tool operations as Copy/Paste, Find, Numbering, Element Selection, and Validation. Additionally, this version adds support for the UAF 1.1 Profile, new diagrams and tables, and a number of usability and traceability improvements.


In the fifteen years since the Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) was enacted on September 18, 2001, the Taliban has been removed from power but not eliminated; Osama Bin Laden has been killed and the senior leaders of Al Qaeda as of 9/11 have been captured, killed, or driven underground, although Al Qaeda remains a threat; numerous Al Qaeda affiliates have sprung up around the globe, most notably in Iraq, Yemen, Syria, and Somalia; and most ominously, the Islamic State has arisen from the ashes of Al Qaeda in Iraq to become what the Director of National Intelligence has described as "the preeminent terrorist threat" against the United States "because of its self-described caliphate in Syria and Iraq, its branches and emerging branches in other countries, and its increasing ability to direct and inspire attacks against a wide range of targets around the world." Despite massive changes in the geographical scope of the conflict that began on 9/11, the strategy and tactics employed, and the identity of the enemy, the AUMF remains the principal legal foundation under U.S. domestic law for the president to use force against and detain members of terrorist organizations. The AUMF is already the longest operative congressional authorization of military force in U.S. history, and, as of fall 2016, there was no immediate prospect that Congress would move to repeal or update it. With the continued vibrancy of Al Qaeda, its associates, and the Taliban, and with the 2014 presidential extension of the AUMF to cover military operations against the Islamic State, the AUMF is likely to be the primary legal basis for American uses of force for the foreseeable future.


To the Editor: Metastatic Ewing sarcoma (ES) has diverse presentations and outcomes.1 The prognosis and treatment depend onmultiple factors.2 Treatment options range from curative-intent aggressive treatment to palliative options.3,4 Despite all attempts, 5-year overall survival (OS)is <30% in metastatic ES.3 Oral metronomic chemotherapy (OMCT) is an evolving treatment concept worldwide, particularly relevant in lowto middle-income countries (LMIC).5 It involves the continuous administration of low dose nontoxic chemotherapy.6 It induces tumor dormancy by antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities.7,8 OMCT, though not a standard treatment option, has been reported to have varying responses in metastatic ES.9-13 Here, we report the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of disseminatedmetastatic ES challengedwith first-line OMCT. A 42-year-old policeman presented with history of left gluteal pain for 6 months in June, 2015. Imaging revealed a 13.6 cm soft tissue left pelvicmasswithunderlyingbonyandmarrowchanges.Histopathology confirmed ES (Figure S1A-D). 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDGPET/CT)documentation of extensive disease (Figure 1A) putting him in the high-risk category.4 Owing to disseminated disease with multiorgan involvement, he had severe systemic symptoms and pain with resultant poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS). As per the institutional practice for disseminated metastatic disease, it was decided to treat the patient with palliative intent. He received palliative radiotherapy (8 Gy, single fraction) to the primary site for severe pain. He was started on an OMCT protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide (Cy), etoposide (Eto) both at 50 mg/m2 once daily dose (capping at 50mg) for 21 days and tamoxifen (20 mg/m2 with cap at 20mg twice daily) repeated every 28 days. In addition to the antiestrogenic action, tamoxifenhas antiangiogenic action ,mediatedby severalmechanisms, vascular endothelial growth factor among them.14-16 Hence, it is used as part of the OMCT protocol for ES in our institute.10,11 The patient reported symptomatic relief at the first follow-up with good tolerance. After 1.5 years of therapy, there were toxicities (grade 2 neutropenia and grade 3 anemia), which were partially attributed to coexisting nutritional deficiencies. Tolerance was improved after correction of deficiencies and dose adjustment to 50%. Sequential FDG PET/CT scans over 3 years demonstrated partial metabolic response in primary and complete metabolic response (CMR) in the metastatic sites and post 3 years CMR at all sites (Figure 1B-H). The cumulative doses of Cy and Eto were over 5 g each, hence thedecision was to stop the OMCT and observe. At the last follow-up, 4.5 years from diagnosis, he is alive without any disease and well preserved. Disseminated metastatic ES is an aggressive malignancy. However, being extremely chemosensitive, standard first-line treatment involves intravenous (IV) chemotherapy, including vincristine, adriamycin, Cy with sequential ifosfamide, and Eto and consideration for local therapy depending upon the response, especially in high-income countries with no resource limitations.3,4 OMCT is commonly used in patients with relapsed/refractory cancers, poor ECOGPS, and situationswhere definitive therapy may not be possible or as consolidation therapy in high-risk cases.5,17,18 This may be the first case report of sustained CMR, even 18 months after stopping all therapy, with the use of firstline OMCT in an adult with disseminatedmetastatic ES. In a cohort of 46 heavily pretreated ES, Podda et al. described a response rate of 24% with oral Eto.9 With the protocol we used, a response rate of 59% with progression-free survival of 12.5 months was demonstrated in relapsed/metastatic ES.10,11 A small randomized trial of OMCT in progressive solid tumors failed to show benefit, however, so there were concerns about true metronomic nature of the protocol.12,19 Another study using metronomic celecoxib and vinblastine with standard IV chemotherapy in newly diagnosed metastatic ES showed survival benefit.20 In metastatic ES, the preliminary reports suggest improved survivalwith theuseofmaintenance vinblastine andCyafter the completion of intensive chemotherapy.18 Metastatic ES essentially needs a personalized risk-adapted approach.1 OMCT is an intelligent way of providing effective, yet less toxic treatment with requirement of less supportive measures and fulfills an unmet need in LMICs.5,21 In this case, OMCT was used in the upfront setting with documentation of excellent and sustained response even after stopping all treatment. Since this patient also received radiation, the abscopal effect (tumor regression outside the irradiated field) mediated by lymphocytes and enhanced by immunomodulatory OMCT also might have contributed to the benefit.22 CMR has been reported with OMCT in the first-line setting in lymphoma, however, not in poor-risk ES.23 This report only goes on to emphasize that at times, high tumor burden, aggressive ES may respond satisfactorily even in the first-line setting to the so-called


Neutral calcium-aluminum double salts of the formula (A): Ca2m(Zn2n)Al2(OH)6+2(2m+2n−1)An*oH2O  (A), where the following apply for m and n:m=0.5 to 3 and 0.5mgn>0; An=CO3, where this may be replaced completely or partially by at least one of the following groups selected from OH, ClO4 and H3CS(bO)2O (triflate) and o=0 to 3. The present invention further relates to their preparation, use in compositions and stabilizer systems and uses thereof.


In this methodological article, we analyze the effects of an immersion activity on the cultural and communicative competence of a group of Colombian students from Universidad del Quindio and Universidad de Antioquia who learn French as a foreign language and who have an intermediate level of French. This academic and cultural exchange project is based on cooperative learning and project work. We carried out two guided tours in the department of Quindio and in the city of Medellin. Our results are based on the analysis we made of a questionnaire students answered, the evaluations they wrote about the project, the texts they produced and our reflections as teachers. The results demonstrate that learning becomes more meaningful in contexts where language favors both the access to linguistic and academic content and the creation of human, social and cultural links. This project strengthened the students' communicative and cultural competence but also their abilities for using technology and communication tools. Received: 2013-12-06/ Reviewed: 2014-05-22 / Accepted: 2014-06-09 How to reference this article: Loaiza Villalba, N.,& Colorado Lopez, D. (2014). Projet d'Echange Culturel entre l'Universite du Quindio et l'Universite d'Antioquia: espace d'immersion en francais langue etrangere. Ikala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 19 (1), 59-82.


This chapter proposes for the Proto-Indo-European language and the observed phonological and morphological developments in the history of the Baltic languages. The replacement of a dative by an accusative is merely an example of a more or less semantic case becoming a more or less automatic syntactic case. One notes, e.g., in contemporary Lithuanian a tendency for the dative case to be replaced by the accusative, thus, e.g., the verb atstovaut 'to represent', according to the normative grammars, requires the dative case. On the other hand, there is a tendency for the accusative case to replace the dative in popular writing. The interesting fact here is that the new Baltic illative case in -n which seems to have originally primarily denoted object of motion has come to have meanings which are now commonly associated with the accusative, instrumental and locative cases. Keywords: atstovaut ; Baltic languages; Lithuanian; Proto-Indo-European language


This article aims to explain how communication affects the individual, both organizationally and clinically. We begin by defining what are the inherent aspects of communication, the different types of communication, and how they have different outcomes in social relationships. Then we explain the importance of communication and the right type of communication in the organizational and clinical environment, demonstrating a specific burnout situation where communication failure has disrupted and damaged people's lives in the organizational context and also how communication, or assertive communication, has an impact on marital relations. This makes it urgent to become aware that we must open ourselves to COMMUNICATION.


It has been first successfully completed on the accelerated corrosion test of the aircraft structure under equivalent environment spectrum,and the calendar effective time of protection coating systems ( y o) and corrosion propagation rate( v ) of the body are obtained. A set of method and formula for the computation of calendar first D check, calendar time since overhaul and total calendar life is presented by using tests data. It is obtained that the calendar first D check y 1=y O +y c , calendar time since overhaul y N =y 1-(y O -y ′ O ), and the total calendar life Y T =Y O (1+R+…+R N)+(N+1)Y C +NY S .Using aircraft service corrosion damage date, the computed method of calendar first D check is found. Based on components accelerated corrosion test and statistical data of service corrosion damage, the calendar life for the aircraft of HX type is given out. -=


ABSTRACT The presence of undisputed Upper Miocene sediments in Sarasota County, Florida, has not been widely known. Most authors have stated that the Middle Miocene Hawthorn Formation is overlain by Pliocene to Recent deposits. The Upper Miocene is represented in southern Florida by the Tamiami Formation. The Upper Miocene age determination is based on the characteristic faunal assemblage, Ostrea disparalis, Chione ulocyma, and Ecphora quadricostata umbilicata. Fossil mollusks, echinoderms, and bryozoans collected from outcrops, quarries, and sinkholes in this area definitely confirm the presence of Upper Miocene sediments in Sarasota County. Typical Upper Miocene species include Anadara cf. A. idonea, Chione ulocyma, Ostrea cf. O. tamiamiensis, Ostrea tamiamiensis monroensis, and Encope macrophora tamiamiensis. Within the Upper Miocene deposits exists an impermeable but porous bed characterized by a decrease in radioactivity and electrical resistivity. These characteristics are indicative of clay and the interpretaton of x-ray diffraction patterns verified the predominance of clay minerals in the aquiclude. Montmorillonite was the dominant clay mineral with lesser amounts of attapulgite and alpha sepiolite. Based on evidence presented in this paper, the Upper Miocene deposits occurring in Sarasota County are considered to be a lithosome of the Tamiami Formation. End_of_Record - Last_Page 183-------


A computer algorithm is developed to narrow down the list of possible structural geometries of a molecule from the analysis of its isotopologue rotational constants. Based on Kraitchman's equation, the absolute values of the position coordinates of the atoms in a molecule may be obtained from the corresponding isotopologue rotational constants. The algorithm, in attempt to take a step further, narrows down the list of possible combinations of atom positions and bond connections within the molecule. Compared to a previous work by Mayer et al.a which focused on carbon atoms, the algorithm extends the application to more atoms including oxygen, nitrogen, etc. More molecular geometry filters are integrated in the algorithm as well. Five filters involving interatomic distance, bond type, valence, bond angles, and coplanarity based on VSEPR theory are developed. As a result, the algorithm was able to narrow down the number of possible structures for Aspirin, a molecule with 13 non-hydrogen atoms, from 10 to 110. However, the exact geometry of molecules could not be determined by the algorithm directly, especially when the molecule is large (usually more than five non-hydrogen atoms). In addition, large errors from Kraitchman's equation near the principle axes of the molecule leads to ambiguous results on those atoms. It leads to the belief that our current understanding may be insufficient to resolve the molecular geometry directly from the isotopologue rotational constants.


Prior research has shown that pro-forma (recurring operating) earnings reported by managers and analysts are more value relevant than GAAP net income. Since GAAP net income contains many non-operating items that reduce its value relevance compared to operating earnings, comparing the value relevance of GAAP net income with operating earnings unduly favors operating earnings. We show that operating earnings reported by managers and analysts are more value relevant than a measure of operating earnings derived from firms' financial statements, as reported by Standard and Poor's. Our evidence is important because it indicates that operating earnings reported by managers and analysts contain value relevant information beyond that provided by operating earnings obtained by sophisticated users from firms' financial statements.


With reference to the current situation of adult education in developed countries,we can find the adult education came into being in the 1980s,Although a multi-level,multiform and multi-channeled teaching system has taken into its basic form,totally record of formal schooling in education occupies a great proportion at present.The expanded enrolment in average colleges and the requirement to knowledge renewal in future society,will make adult education advance in the direction of mainly continuing education,lifelong education and frontier science and technology training,and adult education in backward and remote regions is in urgent need of being developed.


Henry Cowell (1897-1965) wrote his String Quartet no. 4: United Quartet (L522)1 in 1936. Cowell is still considered by many to be a marginal figure, and the piece itself is relatively obscure and almost six decades old. Why, then, should we invest time and effort in studying it? There are several reasons. First, the importance we attach to Henry Cowell and his achievements depends entirely on the cultural viewpoint we adopt when considering them. From a Eurocentric point of view Cowell is indeed a marginal figure: his links with "the tradition" are at best tenuous, and much of what he did seems completely at odds with mainstream twentieth-century modernism. In this respect his position is far worse than those of two other composers with whom he is often linked, Charles Ives (1874-1954) and John Cage (1912-92), for their work (unlike Cowell's) is in a number of ways closely intertwined with the Eurocentric tradition. If, however, we view Cowell from the alternative position of cultural (rather than merely stylistic) pluralism, a tradition that Lou Harrison (b. 1917) and others have


Presented here are methods for successfully controlling software maintenance activity so that present systems will be more useful and less expensive to support. While it is based on experience at Los Alamos National Laboratory, it is not based on solutions developed and implemented there. Los Alamos is presently struggling with the problems identified in this paper and is impacted by them to the same extent as the rest of industry. An idea has emerged from this struggle: The deterioration of production software is basically a quality control problem the rate of which can and should be minimized. Many data processing shops currently have two options concerning old (over five years), marginally useful systems; pay the high cost of supporting them or undertake a rewrite. If the principles presented in this paper are applied, a third option may become available; prolonging the useful life of software by making it more cost-effective to support.


The camellia oil is easy to oxidize because of improper store ways or the prolonging of the store times.The increasing rate of peroxide value is introduced.Through experiment and practice,the retreatment of slightly oxidated camellia oil is strdied with the equipments and process in oil refining.The result shows that the quality index can get to the standard of national requires by treatment.


This paper establishes an evaluation mode of groundwater environment quality based on the matter element analysis method.Taking groundwater of a certain area in Shandong province for an example,groundwater environment quality is evaluated with 7 indicators of 8 sample measured points.And then the comprehensive result and the single-index evaluation result of each measured point are obtained.Compared with gray associate analysis method and comprehensive index method,the results show that the matter element analysis can reflect the actual situation of groundwater quality and it has good engineering application value.


Reproducibility of multi-slice GABA-edited MRSI of the human brain recorded at 3T was investigated in 6 healthy adult volunteers, with and without a retrospective motion compensation scheme applied (MoCo). Overall reproducibility was good with improved performance when MoCo was applied (relative GABA+/tCr difference between visits: 20.8% no Moco, 10.0% with MoCo). Retrospective MoCo is a viable alternative for edited-MRSI when prospective motion correction is unavailable, at least in relatively compliant subject groups.


The recent urban dynamics of industrialised countries show the rise of a new spatial order, which simplifies 'vertical' relationships between the cities and complicates, instead, the 'horizontal' inter-urban patterns. Some northern Italian regions, such as Lombardy, Veneto and Emilia-Romagna, have been characterised historically by polycentric settlement, which constitutes today the spatial texture of functional, economic and social relationships among the urban places, their hinterlands and their regions, according to a new order of spatial organisation. This is a network-based order, whose theoretical framework is not still well founded. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the establishment of a new theoretical paradigm, by integrating several taxonomies recently proposed by Italian researchers in urban and regional sciences. Obviously, the results of these reflections are still weak and open to further contributions, particularly with regard to other regions in north-western Europe.


Purpose: A specific algorithm is designed for the detection of the mammilla to locate the inward mammilla position along the breast skin‐line in mammograms. The position of the inward mammilla can assist in the analysis of focal retraction near the nipple. Method and Materials: Between the breast skin‐line and the fibro‐glandular tissue is a zone of fatty peripheral tissue, which appears with low gray‐levels on mammograms. Due to the mammary glands connecting to the mammilla, the gray‐level in the fatty zone near the mammilla will be higher. We define a fatty peripheral zone (Zf ) of 40 pixels width (8mm) parallel to the skin‐line on mammograms. A disk mask of diameter 40 pixels, KP , tangential to the skin‐line boundary point P and rolling in the zone Zf , is used to obtain a mammilla index value for P. A mammilla index (IP ) for P is defined as the average gray‐level of the pixels in both Zf and the current mask Kp . Then, three highest values, It1 (highest), It2 (second highest), and It3 (third highest), corresponding to position indexes Pt1 , P t2 , and Pt3 on the skin‐line, are found on the curve of IP . If the differences between Pt1 and Pt2 , as well as between Pt1 and Pt3 , are larger than a threshold T1 , and the difference between Pt2 and Pt3 is less than another threshold T2 , the mammilla position is defined as the average of Pt2 and Pt3 ; otherwise the mammilla position is defined as Pt1 . Empirically, we selected T1 =90 and T2 =36. Results: We have tested our algorithm on 40 mammograms from the MiniMIAS database with inward nipples, and our method achieved accurate detection of the mammilla position on each image.Conclusion: The proposed algorithm for the detection of the inward mammilla position gave accurate results on the mammograms tested.


The epididymis is the hallmark of all vertebrate species practicing internal fertilization. While the functions of the epididymis are well documented in laboratory rodents and some domestic animals, the structure and functions of the epididymis in humans remain poorly documented.


Thick, thin films and island of Ca silicide have been grown by Ca deposition onto 500 °C Si (111)7x7 substrates. The crystal structure of the grown layers strongly differs from the known Ca silicides (Ca2Si, CaSi, Ca5Si3, Ca14Si19, CaSi2). The phonon peaks at 389 and 416 cm-1 and the interband transition peaks (0.9-1.0, 1.3-1.7 and 2.0-2.5 eV) belongs to another silicide - Ca3Si4. Peculiarities of crystal, electronic, and phonon structure and optical properties of the grown Ca silicide films were measured by in situ and ex situ methods permit to state that the formed Ca silicide film has a composition Ca3Si4. Heterostructures with embedded Ca3Si4 films with different thicknesses have been formed atop the Ca3Si4 films by MBE and SPE at 500 °C. The observed density of pinholes with different sizes suggests the Si growth atop the Ca silicide follows a 3D mechanism. Photoluminescence was found first time in Si/Ca3Si4/Si (111) heterostructures.


Mild head injury represents a clinical condition where dnderperformance, secondary to the damage occurred, could be a prevalent finding, especially in a litigation context and/or when seeking monetary compensation. The present paper compares performance on the California Verbal Learning test (CVLT) between a group of mild traumatic brain injury patients seeking financial compensation (insurance claims group) and a group of patients with similar injury characteristics pursuing clinical and rehabilitative goals (clinical group).The insurance claims group always showed underperformance in comparison to the clinical group, both from a quantitative as well as qualitative standpoint. Mild head injured patients with insurance claims actually exhibited a weaker performance than a severely head injured group. Somewhat paradoxically, great severity of injury was related to better cognitive performance, whereas milder cases performed worse. Cognitive performance of the clinical group was instead directly related to their injury severity. Such differences between the two groups cannot only be interpreted as trauma related; they seem instead related to the subjects' approach during neuropsychological evaluation. Simulation and worse performance on cognitive testing seems in fact more common in milder cases, not necessarily related to the severity of injury. The clinical group on the one hand is willing to perform at best of real possibilities in order to improve the resulting cognitive defects, whereas the insurance claims group seems more interested to collect the least performance in order to get the maximum profit from a financial standpoint.


Semiotics is a science of studying how sign systems are understood and used.From a semiotic approach,translation is a transformation of two sign systems and equivalence is the relationship between a sign and its interpretant.By using examples of advertisement translation,the author of this text tries to explore the implication of equivalence in a semiotic sense.


The essay analyzed classification of application filth,component and property,mainly introduced technology as to water curtain purifying approach,high temperature burning method,absorbent absorption,sorbent utilizing in connection with metallikon wasted water;degrease wasted water;Degrease wasted water,acidification emulsion breaking processing,neutralization processing,coagulant manipulation of electrophoresis wasted liquid and reagent pre-processing of paint spraying wasted water and coagulate precipitation in connection with wasted water.The approaches proved scientific,advanced practicability and maneuverability.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the clinical presentation and frequency of dengue fever in patients presenting with acute febrile illness.

DESIGN
Observational study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY
Combined Military Hospital, Attock in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from November 2003 to October 2004.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients presenting with acute febrile illness were screened for clinical features of dengue fever (DF). Dengue specific IgM was performed in clinically suspected cases. In addition, peripheral smear for malarial parasites and complete blood counts were performed.

RESULTS
Eight hundred patients with fever of less than 2 weeks duration were encountered. Twenty-two (2.75%) presented with the characteristic features of DF. Dengue specific IgM was detected in 11 patients (50%). Nine out of 11 (81.8%) dengue specific IgM positive patients were also positive for malarial parasites on peripheral smear. Out of 11 DF patients, 8 patients (78%) were cured and 3 (28%) died.

CONCLUSION
Dengue fever should be suspected if patient presents with bleeding manifestations, retrobulbar headache, severe myalgias and/or thrombocytopenia. Malaria and dengue may co-exist; dengue should be excluded in clinically suspected cases by laboratory investigations. Furthermore, surveillance strategies, preventive measures and healthcare workers' education is critical for curtailing this problem.


Nuclear structure and division in the mycelium and basidiospores of Ceratobasidium praticolum (Pellicularia praticola), studied in living and in differently stained preparations, are described and illustrated with photographs. The cells of the mycelium are multinucleate. Nuclear migration occurs from one cell to another through the septal pores. The nuclei consist of a Feulgen-negative nucleolus surrounded by granular Feulgen-positive chromatin. In a nucleus preparing to divide, the nucleolus becomes progressively smaller and finally disappears. The chromatin then elongates, becoming bar-like, and later constricts at the mid-region. New nucleoli appear in the two attached portions of the constricted chromatin. At the end of the division the two portions pull apart to form two sister nuclei. Classic mitotic division as it occurs in higher organisms was not seen. Chromosomal filaments were not discerned in the nuclei of the basidiospores or the mycelium. Chromosomal filaments in reticulate arrangement were ...


Under the population pressure,the reserves of land is deficient and degenerated seriously.There is a widespread phenomenon that rural residential land has many waste lands such as disengaged land and obsoleting land.The problem of rural residential land has caused the widespread concern by government and academic circles.Taking Ganzhou District as the research area,we collected data through 784 questionnaires from farmers,researched the personal characteristics and household characteristics variables,the feature of now living house variables,policy feature variables and other characteristics influence to rural residential land arrangement by employing the methods of binary logistic regression.The results of the study show that in the study area 73% of the farmers are willing to do residential land arrangement,and age,family income and currently house structure of farmers influence the desire of rural residential land arrangement obviously.The farmer whose age is older,family income is higher,currently house structure is not satisfied has stronger desire of rural residential land arrangement.The farmer whose age is from 35 to 50 years old,family income is more than 15000 yuan,currently house structure is doby or flaky stone has the strongest desire of rural residential land arrangement.The research of influencing factor of desire of rural residential land arrangement will help realize the causes of desire of rural residential land arrangement,and can give farmers a guide that properly proceed rural residential land arrangement,in addition also can provide reference for that policy of rural residential land arrangement continue to implement for the next step.


Cloud Computing -- some treat it as a catchphrase, others as the next step in evolution of their organization and the Internet. However, what is for sure is that, it is a way of leveraging less expensive services based environment providing cost-effective solutions to various organizations to cater for their computing needs, without investing in computing infrastructure. However, cloud computing, just like other formats of computing, is not free from issues. One of the major barriers in adoption of cloud is security. Once migrated to cloud, you do not know where your data is physically stored, what laws and regulations govern the same and most important of all, who has access to it. This paper explores security issues related to cloud computing and proposes a paradigm for securing cloud. The paper investigates some of the key research challenges of implementing cloud-aware security solutions which can plausibly secure the ever-changing and dynamic cloud environment, followed by conclusion where we try to entail the whole research and try to formulate a practical security paradigm, which will enable the cloud providers and consumers to ensure that their data and valuable assets are safe from otherwise prying eyes.


A phenomenological model for both intergranular and transgranular stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in constant extension rate (CERT) tests is discussed. The model is based on an estimate of crack-tip strain rate obtained by use of a J-integral approach, a slip dissolution model for SCC, and a J-integral fracture criterion. The model is used to derive correlations between the SCC parameters (such as time to failure and average crack growth rate) and applied (nominal) strain rate. The model is extended to determine similar relationships between the SCC parameters and average near-crack-tip strain rate. The model predictions are compared with CERT test results obtained for Type 316NG stainless steel (SS) in water containing dissolved oxygen and impurities at 289/sup 0/C over a range of strain rates between 10/sup -5/ and 10/sup -7//s. Good agreement is obtained between the theoretical description and experimental results. The SCC behavior of Type 316NG SS is also compared with that of Type 316 SS to determine the relative SCC susceptibility of the two materials.


Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in premature infants is a rare, yet life-threatening, soft tissue infection. We report four cases of NF that were encountered over a seven-year period. The onset of the disease was between four and twelve days of age. Predisposing factors were omphalitis in two infants and intestinal perforation in the other two infants, one of whom had necrotizing enterocolitis. Surgical biopsies from the affected sites showed mucormycosis in one infant and bipolaris fungi in another. One of these infants was treated with antifungal therapy in addition to broad spectrum antibiotics. This infant survived, even without surgical intervention while the other three died. We conclude that intestinal perforation and omphalitis are important predisposing factors of NF in premature infants. Fungal infection should be considered as one of the possible causes of NF in preterm infants. Early initiation of antifungal therapy, in addition to broad spectrum antibiotics, is justifiable in this disease entity.


The invention provides a natural fish meat flavor, which is prepared by Maillard reaction of Spanish mackerel enzymatic hydrolyzate. The Spanish mackerel enzymatic hydrolyzate is prepared by hydrolyzing Spanish mackerel minced meat by using mixed enzyme containing neutral protease and flavorzyme, wherein the weight ratio of the neutral protease to the flavorzyme is 1:0.1-10. The fish meat flavor has good characteristics without fishy smell, strong natural flavor, high true degree, good cooking property, harmonious and natural fragrance and full and mild meat aroma.


The present study aims to compare the buccal apparatus and gastrointestinal tract of early life stages of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), and relate them to its diet. A total of 190 individuals collected with a channel net in the Catuama estuary (07o40'9.9''S, 34o50'36.7''W), northern coast of the state of Pernambuco, were examined. Morphometrical and meristic data were analyzed for the two initial developmental periods (larval and juvenile). Their digestive tube was morphologically characterized and its content identified. The longest transverse axis of food items was measured, and compared to the standard length (SL) and mouth gape size (D) of the individuals. Body measurement regressions differed significantly (p<0.001) between larvae and juveniles. The stomachs with food content (n=118 individuals) presented a proportion of 62% full and 30% empty (being 8% damaged). They differed in relation to the fullness level and presented a coiled shape when empty. The number of food items in relation to SL and D did not present an evident correlation. Larvae (SL<10 mm) feed on small copepods, while juveniles (SL=11.1 to 64.7 mm) ingest larvae of various decapod species, showing a distinct diet between these initial developmental stages.


The invention discloses an iodine-containing sandwich copper compound and an application thereof. The structural formula of the iodine-containing sandwich copper compound is shown in the specification. The iodine-containing sandwich copper compound is applied to electroluminescent devices, emits blue light, has maximum brightness of 2300cd/m and driving voltage of 11V, and has the advantages of excellent electron transport, good environmental stability, high luminous efficiency, long operating life, low preparation cost and the like.


Objective To study the relationship of levels of serum lactoferrin(LF) and bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats.Methods 60 female 4-month-old wister rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group(Sham,n = 20),ovariectomized group 1(OVX I,re = 20 ),ovariectomized group 2(OVXII,n = 20).OVX I rats were sacrificed in 14 weeks after the operation,and the other two group rats were sacrificed in 18 weeks after the operation. Bone mineral density(BMD) of the rats' left femur and lumbar was measured by DXA(Lunar Prodigy),and their serum E_2 was examined by ECLZA,as soon as,serum LF was examined by ECLIA.Results(1) Serum LF level of ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that of sham group(P0.01),but the comparison between two ovariectomized groups has no difference;(2) The levels of bone mineral density of OVX group was lower than that of Sham group(P0.01),but the comparison between two ovariectomized groups had no difference;(3) It was direct proportion between BMD and the levels of serum LF in OVX groups.Conclusion The levels of serum LF of ovariectomized rats is lower.There is direct association between BMD of the rats' left femur and lumbar and the levels of serum LF in the rats of 18 weeks ovariectomy.


The development of the technology and the resource base of the selective dissemination of information (SDI) in Russian and foreign libraries/information centers have been presented in this article. The technological schemes of manual, automated and Internet-based SDIs have been worked out as the result of the conducted analysis.


It has been shown that a high blood pressure increases the amount of cholesterol-induced atheroma in both the dog and the rabbit,1, 2 and recently it has been demonstrated that even a short period of high blood pressure has the same effect,' although not so pronounced as a more prolonged period. The level of the blood cholesterol is also of considerable importance, for when this level is kept low such as by feeding fl-sitosterol at the same time as cholesterol, the amount of aortic atheroma produced is small .4, 5 The present experiment was performed in order to assess the relative effects of blood pressure and level of serum cholesterol. It was found that the height of the blood pressure exerted a more pronounced effect than the level of the serum cholesterol when rabbits were fed 0.5 gm cholesterol per day for an 8-week period.


: For hydrology frequency computation, the approximate φ-value formulas of Gamma distribution are sometimes used. In this paper, its main approximate formulas, obtained by the cubic root transformation method and Campbell method, are discussed; the approximate degree and applied range are analyzed. From comparison, it is shown that such formulas are only suitable for smaller Cs. Attentions have to be paid for larger Cs values when these approximate formulas are applied.


The last few years have seen a range of significant developments related to intellectual property rights(IPRs) and biodiversity. At least two major international agreements, both legally binding, deal with thisissue: the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects ofIntellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). In addition, the WorldIntellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and other international institutions are increasingly becomingactive on the subject.At national levels, too, there is considerable activity. Several countries (Costa Rica, Eritrea, Fiji, India,Mexico, Peru, Philippines) are coming up with legislation, or other measures, which respond to theabove treaties or in other ways deal with the relationship between IPRs and biodiversity (Glowka1998). Of particular interest to many countries, especially in the 'developing' world, are the following:Protecting indigenous knowledge (traditional and modern) from being "pirated" and usedin IPR claims by industrial/commercial interests;Regulating access to biological resources so that historical "theft" of these resources bythe more powerful sections of the global society can be stopped, andcommunities/countries are able to gain control and benefits from their use.These issues relate not just to IPR regimes but also to the new provisions of Access and Benefit-sharing which the CBD contains, and which are being followed up by several countries withappropriate domestic legislation.Propelling the spurt in activity on this front are the IPR-related scandals that periodically shock theworld, such as:The patenting of ancient herbal remedies, e.g. the US Patent (No. 5,401,504) given tothe healing properties of turmeric, known for centuries to Indians; or the US plant patent(No. 5,751) on the 'ayahuasca' plant, considered sacred and used for medicinalpurposes by Amazon's indigenous peoples;The patenting of crop varieties which are similar to those grown for centuries in certaingeographical areas, e.g. for varieties of Basmati rice by Rice-Tec Corporation in the US(Patent No. 5,663,484); Rice-Tec even uses the term Basmati, long used to refer toaromatic rice grown in northern India and Pakistan, to describe its rice varieties;The patenting of human genetic material, e.g. on the human cell line of a Hagahaitribesman from Papua New Guinea (US Patent No. 5,397,696)Plant breeders' rights or patents on entire taxa rather than specific varieties or breeds,e.g. on all transgenic cotton or soybean granted to the company Agracetus; andPatents on technologies that threaten farming systems worldwide, such as US PatentNo. 5,723,765 granted to Delta and Pine Land Co., nick-named the Terminator


Computer hardware continues to decrease in cost and increase in power. Simulation vendors have hypothesized that this trend, together with new requirements for system integration, have produced a new business environment for discrete-event simulation all over the world. This paper, which provides an update to an earlier report, describes current trends in Japanese industry regarding the use of discrete-event simulation. The information contained in the paper was dervided from interviews vvdth many representatives of Japanese industry. It shows that, in general, this hypothesis is true in Japan. * Guest Researcher from Musashi University, Tokyo, Japan


having published over 1200 scientific papers and seven monographs, 22 years ago Professor Carl Djerassi turned to writing 'science-in-fiction' novels, poems and plays.


I. Introduction In their recent pastoral letter, the Catholic bishops of this country have reputedly taken a new approach in rooting their moral imperatives in the Bible. As opposed to the established, official convention of "proof‐texting", the US bishops focus on certain biblical themes which presumably "speak to" contemporary issues and problems. Chief among these is the so‐called "preferential option for the poor", which is attributed to both the Old and New Testaments and early Church (Christianity).


Combined with construction practice of Huatupo Bridge the quality and safety guaranteed measures are elaborated from intensifying construction management and quality control in order to make the quality index to reach national advanced level and realize the scheduled safety and quality objects.


Background/aims  Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 3‐deficient (NOS‐3 KO) mice have an increased systemic arterial pressure but develop portal hypertension to the same extent as wildtype (WT) mice. We hypothesized that other vasodilators in the portal circulation compensate for the lack in NOS‐3 activity. We used quantitative PCR as a screening method to identify mediators that possibly compensate for NOS‐3 in NOS‐3 KO mice.


An ultrafast GaAs Schottky photodiode has been monolithically integrated with an all-electronic sampler. The high-speed photodiode-electronic-sampling circuit has a temporal response of 2.0 ps full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) corresponding to a 3-dB bandwidth of 150 GHz. The photodiode has an external quantum efficiency of 33%.<<ETX>>


In recent years,the emergency of China's city water sources show increasing trend,and the urgency and importance of water source make water source protection become the focus of government and public increasingly.Facing the threat of emergency water security incident,besides the scientific management aim to avoid water security incident,strengthening urban emergency water source planning and construction is the only way.There were high population,developed economy and intensive land utilization extent in east Taihu Lake,together with the effect from waves and algae pollution,water resources also restricted by Taihu Lake flood storage and water resources allocation.How to combine local water resources environment and water quality characteristics,setting up reliable emergency water source increasingly has been put on the agenda of the local government.This paper expounds the necessity,scientific and feasibility of using Taihu Lake to construct emergency water source in eastern region of Taihu Lake,which provide new ideas for reducing pollution accident loss and safeguarding water qualification.


In this Letter to Editor, we put forth a reflection on the stigmatisation processes shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Received: 30 November 2020 / Accepted: 8 January 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021


Introduction Drug-related problems (DRPs) are a major cause of unplanned hospital admissions among elderly people, and transitions of care have been emphasised as a key area for improving patient safety. We have designed a complex clinical pharmacist intervention that targets people ≥75 years of age undergoing transitions of care from hospital to home and primary care. The main objective is to investigate if the intervention can reduce the risk of unplanned drug-related readmission within the first 180 days after the person is discharged from hospital. Methods and analysis This is a randomised, controlled, superiority trial with two parallel arms. A total of 700 people ≥75 years will be assigned to either intervention or routine care (control). The intervention, which aims to find and manage DRPs, is initiated within a week of the person being discharged from hospital and combines repeated medical chart reviews, phone interviews and in some cases medication reviews. People in both study arms may have been the subject of a medication review during their ward stay. As the primary outcome, we will measure time until unplanned drug-related readmission within 180 days of leaving hospital and use log rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models to analyse differences between the groups. Further investigations of subgroup effects and adjustments of the regression models will be based on heart failure and cognitive impairment as prognostic factors. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Umeå (registration numbers 2017-69-31M, 2018-83-32M and 2018-254-32M). We intend to publish the results with open access in international peer-reviewed journals and present our findings at international conferences. The trial is expected to result in more than one published article and form part of two PhD theses. Trial registration number NCT03671629


This research was to develop a preparation activity approach for language and culture exchange program in order to promote learning Thai language and cultures towards a PDCA cycle. The participants of this study consisted of 22 Thais in academic year 2017 and 20 Thais and 27 Indonesians in academic year 2018 respectively. A process of developing the activity approach emphasized on collecting and summarizing students' comments and suggestions on the programme in academic year 2017 to be used to develop a plan for academic year 2018 planning framework for developing the activity approach for exchanging language and culture consisted of five facets: (1) defining timeline, (2) defining the number of participants, (3) defining responsibilities of participants, (4) defining activities relating to preparing Thai language and culture exchange, and (5) defining language training activity. The research results found that the developed activity approach used in academic year 2018 in line with such planning framework could generate designing of various Thai cultural performances. In addition, from surveying the Thai students'views in academic year 2018, it was found that the activities performed could enhance their knowledge and understanding of Thai language and culture in the highest regime and much higher than in year 2017. According to Indonesians' views, we found that the performances based activities were able to inspire their interest and understanding of Thai language and cultures.


Since the ocean is not a convenient place to conduct research, data are often collected from offshore buoys. However, the data collected from the buoys usually do not have labels (e.g., source of the sound) attached to them. Manually labeling the data is time-consuming, but labeled data are necessary to use powerful supervised machine learning methods. We propose that unsupervised learning can be used to assign preliminary labels to data samples. To show the utility of this approach, we took an echosounder to Utah Lake and collected sonar images, some of which showed evidence of fish. We used Python to crop the images, similar to how regions of interest are identified in image processing. These cropped images are used in an unsupervised k-means clustering algorithm. The images are clustered based on visual features. An analysis of the resulting clusters and the feasibility of using unsupervised learning to provide preliminary labels to data is discussed.


Abstract : One of the latest challenges being investigated by the US Army Research Laboratory's (ARL) Electronics and Radio Frequency (ER however, the phase information that this harmonic contains and its relationship to target distance has been largely assumed and unconfirmed. Our most recent experimental tests, both wired and wireless, have confirmed that this harmonic phase response is constant versus frequency at the target. Using inverse Fourier transforms, the range of an electronic nonlinear target can be determined from that phase.


Automated and accurate classification of MR brain images is of importance for the analysis. Recently researchers have proposed many different and innovative methods to improve upon this technology. This review focused on discussing the strength and limitations of earlier proposed classification techniques. Besides analyzing these literature, the paper also provides a critical evaluation of the surveyed literature which reveals new hotspots of research. Keywords-magnetic resonance imaging; classification;computer-aideddiagnosis


The motivation for this special edition had lain restless for several years, never far from surfacing to act on the recent invitation of Aldrich (1999) for scholars to continue thinking about the study of organizations using an evolutionary and/or ecological approach. One of us (Breslin) is committed to generalising Darwinism within the study of socio-cultural change. The other of us (Jones) is specifically concerned with developing a more complete and consistent ecological approach to the study of organizations.


Tax evasion and tax avoidance are deviations from what is to be brought into being legal, reasonable and just, they occur frequently together. It is common in them, that they result in losses in the tax revenue. Otherwise they are different from each other. An arrangement made to beat the intent of the law by taking unfair advantage of the shortcomings in the tax rules is known as Tax Avoidance. It refers to finding out new methods or tools to avoid the payment of taxes which are within the limits of the law. An illegal act, made to escape from paying taxes is known as Tax Evasion. Such illegal practices can be deliberate concealment of income, manipulation in accounts, disclosure of unreal expenses for deductions, showing personal expenditure as business expenses, overstatement of tax credit or exemptions suppression of profits and capital gains, etc. This will result in the disclosure of income which is not the actual income earned by the entity. Agriculture income is exempt under the Indian Income Tax Act. This means that income earned from agricultural operations is not taxed. Some people are miss using the tax exemption for making fake income certificates or converting there black money in to white by show this as agricultural income.


Wunderlich syndrome is a spontaneous rupture of the kidney. It is a rare but potentially life-threatening event. The causes are tumor, vascular disease, infection and preeclampsia. Subcapsular hepatic and renal hematoma are rare complications of pregnancy associated with preeclampsia or HELLP (hemo- lysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) syndrome. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is rare, but is a fatal complication of the third trimester of pregnancy. The clinical picture consists of liver failure with coagulopathy, encephalopathy and hypoglycemia. Early recognization of the disorder, rapid termination of pregnancy, and intensive supportive care have improved the prognosis. AFLP should be distinguished from HELLP syndrome. AFLP is usually not associated with renal subcapusular he- morrhage. In this report, we describe a 36-year-old nullipara with twin male fetus at 35 weeks of ges- tation who had developed renal subcapsular hemorrhage in AFLP.


In this letter, a gate-recessed Al2O3/InAlN/GaN normally-OFF metal–oxide–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistor (MOS-HEMT) on Si is reported. The fabricated MOS-HEMT with a gate length of 1.5 µm features a high drain current density of 840 mA/mm at a gate bias (Vgs) of +8 V, a low specific ON-resistance of 0.8 mΩ·cm2, and a threshold voltage of +1.9 V. The Al2O3/InAlN/GaN MOS-HEMT also exhibits a low gate leakage current (∼10−8 mA/mm at Vgs = +8 V) and a maximum peak field-effect mobility of 472 cm2 V−1 s−1. The OFF-state breakdown voltage of the device (Lgd = 4 µm) is 278 V at Vgs = 0 V.


It was recently demonstrated that homogeneously weighted moving average (HWMA) control charts are improper devices for an online detection of changes within a series of random variables. However, another attempt was made to bail out the concept underlying these charts. Here we want to re‐emphasize that HWMA charts are dispensable by rebutting the arguments of the latter contribution.


Authentication is process of granting a user access to an information system. There are three main types of authentication mechanisms – password entry, smart card, and biometric. Each authentication mechanism functions differently and has their strengths and weakness. In this paper we review different types of authentication mechanisms, their vulnerabilities, and recommend novel solutions.


Transformer vandalism is becoming an alarming issue in the whole world. Power distribution companies are incurring losses of billions of money due to transformer vandalism. This paper is going to contributes to the design and implementation of a transformer vandalism monitoring system architecture that can be used by the power companies to deter or monitor the transformers against vandals. It is going to design a monitoring system that can be able to detect the presence of a vandal near the transformer, raise the alarm and send a message/call the control room officers or security officers in designated areas for response. The paper is going to have an algorithm that will be able to show the transformer location, transformer number and the necessary authorities near the transformer. The monitoring system will be a combination of Arduino hardware with Integrated Development Environment (IDE) program, sensors, and GSM for mobile communications. In this paper, the case study will be Kenya Power Company, a state utility company that is responsible for distributing electricity to consumers, emergency electricity services and lastly retails the electricity in Kenya.


A computationally efficient method is proposed for radar High Resolution Range Profile(HRRP) recognition.The average HRRPs are used as aspect independent features in a small target aspect sector.Matrix pencil method is introduced to extract poles from the average HRRPs,then,a new feature named central moments of poles vector is proposed.Under the condition that this new feature vector is normalized by logarithm method,high recognition performance is achieved.Experiments based on meatured data show that the proposed method is efficient in target recognition.


The article is devoted to the study of the regularity of changes in the specific surface of soil under the influence of agromeliorative measures, mainly irrigation and agrotechnical works carried out in the gray-brown soils of the Absheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan. Based on four years of experiments, it was determined that changes occur in the specific surface of the soil in the plowed layer as a result of the agromeliorative measures taken. Thus, a decrease in the specific surface area was observed in the 0–20 cm soil layer, and an increase in the specific surface area was observed in the 20–40 cm soil layer. In the first year of the experiments, the value of the average specific surface in the 0–20 cm soil layer was 3,098–3,988 cm2/g, and in the 20–40 cm soil layer it was 1,056–3,567 cm2 /g. However, after four years, the value of the special surface was 1,949–3,340 cm2/g in the 0–20 cm soil layer and 3,290–5,023 cm2/g in the 20–40 cm layer. The increase in the specific surface area in the lower layers of the soil is due to the gradual washing of dust, silt and colloidal particles from the plow layer to the lower layers. The reduction of the specific surface in the topsoil leads to the degradation of the topsoil, the deterioration of the water-physical properties, the formation of compaction below the topsoil, and ultimately the reduction of soil fertility. The article makes specific suggestions to prevent this process. It was also identified based on the calculations that the specific surface area of the soil, rich in silt, dust and colloidal particles, is many times larger than the specific surface area of sandy soil. The specific surface area of colloidal silt is 43,000 times larger than the specific surface area of dust and 130,000 times larger than the specific surface area of sand.


This study combined the use of variable doses of liquid organic fertilizers made from organic waste, wich a Factorial experimental study that uses a Randomized Group Design (RAK) consisting of 2 treatment factors. Factor I treatment is a type of POC raw material consisting of 7 levels: P0= Comparison without the provision of liquid organic fertilizer, but given basic fertilizer; P1= Given POC made from a mixture of materials 2 to 7; P2=Given POC made from vegetable waste (tomatoes and mustard);  P3= Given POC made from waste fruits (bananas and papaya); P4= Given POC made from germinated waste; P5= Given POC made from waste food catering; P6= Given POC made from catfish waste;  P7= Given POC made from animal slaughterhouse waste (cow's blood). The treatment of Factor II is the concentration of POC giving includes 3 levels, namely: K1= POC concentration of 4%=40 ml/ liter of solution; K2= POC concentration of 8%=80 ml/liter solution; K3= POC concentration of 12%=120 ml/liter of solution. The parameters of observations made on kailan plants include: the number and length of the plant. By comparing the concentration treatment of K1, K2 and K3 mentioned above, the K2 treatment (concentration of 8% POC) exerts a better influence than the treatment of K1 and K3, although it is not real from the K3 treatment. This shows that the use of POC made from organic waste with a concentration of 8% POC provides a significant influence that can play a role in increasing soil fertility and plant productivity.


Nitrite can be accumulated in the initial cultivation and attenuation stage of biofilm in sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR).Nitrogen removal from wastewater by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification via nitrite was achieved by controlling dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in SBBR.The nitrate accumulation rate removal rate(NO2--N / NOx--N)was 90% and TN was always less than 8mg/L when aeration was ended.The TN removal can reach between 71.4% and 85.6%.In order to achieve the process control of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification via nitrite in SBBR, the variation patterns of DO、 pH and ORP during simultaneous nitrification and denitrification via nitrite were studied.The results showed that the variation of DO、pH and ORP were well related to organic degradation, nitrification and denitrification of SBBR.So that DO、 pH and ORP can be used as process control parameters for the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification via nitrite in SBBR based on the varied curve of DO、 pH and ORP.


A crucial part of the practical application of user-centred design depends on the introduction of user-centred design principles into mainstream design education so that they can be taken forward by the next generation of designers into industry. However, user-centred design teaching is currently under-represented in design education as a whole, and vehicle design in particular. This paper looks at how design students and educators of vehicle design can be briefed and equipped to implement practical changes. Two case studies form the core of the paper. The first looks at traditional studio projects at the Royal College of Art (RCA), London, United Kingdom. The second gives examples of how this can be further implemented, citing work from postgraduate vehicle design students and researchers at the RCA, London, UK. The approach that product design takes to user-centred design cannot be generically transferred to other disciplines. Vehicle design demands different ways of approaching design students, of setting briefs and of engaging practically with users. Methods of teaching, ideation and production differ between design disciplines and this becomes even more pronounced in a professional context. The paper explores how vehicle designers can meaningfully address the needs and aspirations of user groups and evaluates some of the practical methodologies that can be used to encourage a more user-centred design process.


A local supersymmetric extension with N = 2 of the dimensional continuation of the Euler-Gauss-Bonnet density from eight to nine dimensions is constructed. The gravita-tional sector is invariant under local Poincaré translations, and the full field content is given by the vielbein, the spin connection, a complex gravitino, and an Abelian one-form. The local symmetry group is shown to be super Poincaré with N = 2 and a U (1) central extension, and the full supersymmetric Lagrangian can be written as a Chern-Simons form.


Dermoscopy is increasingly used by clinicians (dermatologists, family physicians, podiatrists, doctors of osteopathic medicine, etc.) to inform clinical management decisions. Dermoscopic findings and/or images provided to pathologists offer an important insight into the clinician's diagnostic and management thought process. However, with limited dermoscopic training in dermatopathology, dermoscopic descriptions and images provided in the requisition form will provide little value to pathologists. Since most dermoscopic structures have direct histopathological correlates, dermoscopy can act as an excellent communication bridge between the clinician and the pathologist. In the first article of this continuing medical education series we review dermoscopic features and their histopathologic correlates. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.07.073 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-160518 Journal Article Accepted Version The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License. Originally published at: Yélamos, Oriol; Braun, Ralph P; Liopyris, Konstantinos; Wolner, Zachary J; Kerl, Katrin; Gerami, Pedram; Marghoob, Ashfaq A (2019). Dermoscopy/dermatoscopy and dermatopathology correlates of cutaneous neoplasms. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 80(2):341-363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.07.073


In 1975, 43 test sections of various delineation treatments were installed in an attempt to develop treatments with better visibility and durability than the color-contrast and synthetic-binder-concrete then used in New York State to delineate shoulders and medians adjacent to asphalt pavements. Materials evaluated were polysulfide and coal-tar epoxies, one- and two-component polyesters, portland cement, acrylic paints, modified-alkyd traffic paint, preformed plastic tape, and thermoplastic markings. Neat applications, sand mortars, and surface treatments were installed in several geometric patterns including cross-hatches, solid median treatments, and various widths of edge lines. Although several materials provided good daytime visibility and durability, most did not provide good night and wet-weather visibility. Thermoplastic pavement markings generally performed very well, providing good visibility under adverse viewing conditions for at least 4 years. Thermoplastic 4-in. wide edge lines appear to provide adequate visibility for most conditions. Wider lines or cross-hatching provide greater visibility where increased emphasis of the shoulder or median is desirable. (FHWA)


Objective To investigate rational methods to repair different type of cicatricial ectropion. Methods 15 patients with different type and degree of cicatricial ectropion were repaired with the method of simple skin grafting, posterior auricular refluxing axial skin flap or anchyloblepharon. Results After 3~8 months follow-up observation 14 patients got good repaired effects. Ncrobiosis occurred in distal skin flap of one patient with posterior auricular refluxing axial skin flap method. Conclusion Cicatricial ectropion was complicated. Appropriate method should be applied to different cicatricial ectropion to achieve good results


The problem of ensuring public order and public safety when holding sports competitions of high level is the problem of organizers together with owners (users) of objects of sport in government relations of the Russian Federation, public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation and local government bodies. The main distinctive feature of these actions is presence of the special contingent of the audience football fans and its special part representing the most radical and organized group football fans. Last European Football Championship in France convincingly showed that it is necessary to approach the level of safety of similar actions extremely responsibly. Helplessness of the French police when ensuring public safety in venues of a competition was led to numerous slaughters and riots during all holding the championship. Hundreds of hackneyed fans from a number of the countries became result of this unpreparedness. Very often, in fights football fans use the weapon or objects used as weapon. Modern football hooligans, using gaps in the legislation, often use objects which purpose any police officer will be able to define as weapon in fights. The special category is a knuckles weapon: fighting rings, palm sticks, shock plates. Unfamiliar to the inhabitant, among professionals they enjoy wide popularity because of complexity of qualification of this subject as weapon. From our point of view, special attention attentive studying of the current legislation, for the purpose of strengthening of responsibility for offenses which because of discrepancy of punishment for it can potentially entail heavy public and dangerous consequences deserves.


A decade into the 21st century, educators and policymakers are still debating how to adapt K–12 education for a transformed global arena. Not that this question is unfamiliar. Fifty years ago, the launch of Sputnik ignited a fierce national debate about the inadequacy of U.S. education. The response was a national push for more math and science, a spate of "new" curriculums, and calls for inquiry-based pedagogy that would teach students how to think rather than to simply regurgitate. Two decades later, the National Commission on Excellence in Education's publication of A Nation at Risk rekindled the debate—this time, in the context of concerns about the perceived prowess of Japanese schools and corporations. In response, U.S. schools renewed their focus on increased core course requirements, homework, and achievement standards.


Note taking (NT) in lectures is as active a skill as listening, which stimulates it, and as challenging as writing, which is the end product. Literature on lecture NT misses an integration of the processes involved in listening with those in NT. In this article, a taxonomy is proposed of lecture NT skills and subskills based on a similar list developed for listening comprehension skills, which is in turn based on a taxonomy of reading comprehension skills proposed by Ferguson (1973) and Gray (1960). The proposed list can shed light on the complexity of the skill of NT in lectures and help teachers provide systematic, brief, and controlled skills training for their students, especially L2 college or university freshmen.


The research proposal was used tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) as the high and low refractive index for the multilayer anti-reflection (AR) films were deposited on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by electron-beam evaporator with ion-beam assisted deposition (IAD). The optical and stress properties of these multilayer (Ta2O5/SiO2)2 films were investigated. A homemade Phase shadow moiré interferometer was used to measure the stresses of single and multilayer films. The experimental results show the optimal oxygen pressure of Ta2O5 and SiO2 were 8 and 25 sccm, respectively for the multilayer AR coating with electron-beam evaporator. The residual stress of the multilayer film stacks changed gradually from tension to compression stresses which +3,167 MPa was for the first layer and -438 MPa for the fourth layer.


552 1NHG-AHPL Residency in Diagnostic Radiology, 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Alexandra Health System, Singapore Correspondence: Dr Yiru Lorna Fan, Senior Resident, NHG-AHPL Residency in Diagnostic Radiology, GME Executive Offi ce, NHG-AHPL Residency, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Annex 2, Level 3, East Wing, 7 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308440. email@example.com INTRODUCTION Brachial plexopathies are conditions affecting the brachial plexus, the cluster of nerves that innervate the upper limb. Disease or disruption of the brachial plexus can severely affect the function of the upper limb musculature and sensation. The causes of brachial plexopathy in adults can be broadly divided into traumatic and non-traumatic aetiologies. Modalities used for brachial plexopathy imaging include standard myelography, computed tomography myelography, conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR myelography. Of these techniques, MRI is non-invasive, useful in providing detailed anatomic information and may provide accurate localisation of the pathology. We present a series of cases of brachial plexopathy in adults over a period of fi ve years. These help to illustrate some of the common causes of adult-onset traumatic and non-traumatic brachial plexopathy, and their relevant MRI features.


A search was made for cooperative phenomena which could enhance weak magnetic moment interactions. It was conjectured that by using the magnetic fields of the Cherenkov effect to generate spin waves, which would in turn enhance the magnetic field, it might be possible to "ring" the system at some resonant frequency and thus perhaps see the changing magnetic fields of the whole cooperative system. To study these possibilities, the solutions of the combined Maxwell and spin-wave equations giving changes in magnetic fields and magnetization due to the presence of external currents were obtained by Fourier analysis. Results are intuitively plausible but inconclusive except that it was shown that the enhancement is independent of the nature of the source and that the question of background from charged particles in a neutral particle detector and the possibilities of using charged particles themselves as probes require further exploration.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the accuracy and predictive value of the mammographic report according to the BIRADS categories in Songklanagarind University Hospital.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
Mammograms of 1000 women who came to Songklanagarind University Hospital from June 1998 to September 1999 were reported and placed in category 1 for negative results, category 2 for benign lesions, category 3 for probably benign lesions, category 4 for suspicious lesions and category 5 for highly suspicious lesions. Accuracy was determined by either histology or by unchanged follow-up mammography within 24 months.

RESULTS
The total accuracy was 97.8%, sensitivity 62.5% and specificity 98.1%.


A highly chemoselective alkylation of ketones with Grignard reagent derived stoichiometric zinc(II) ate complexes was developed. Zinc(II) ate complexes are readily prepared at room temperature within one hour in situ from ZnCl 2 and Grignard reagents without unstable alkyllithium reagents. The desired tertiary alcohols were obtained in much improved yields due to the minimization of background reactions with free Grignard reagents.


Tumor‐to‐tumor metastases are an uncommon phenomenon and are very rare in the context of malignant melanoma. This case report describes a 73‐year‐old male who underwent an excision of a melanoma from his forehead. Six months later, he developed metastatic disease, including metastasis to a genetically confirmed angiofibroma of soft tissue of the abdominal wall. Angiofibroma of soft tissue is a relatively recently described benign fibrovascular soft tissue tumor, and there appear to be no previous reports of it being a recipient tumor for a metastasis. Awareness of the phenomenon of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis and of the distinctive morphologic and molecular genetic features of angiofibroma are critical to avoid misdiagnosis of this very rare event as "dedifferentiated" melanoma.


In order to improve adaptability of a class of under-actuated AUVs in unknown obstacles environment, this paper proposes a new obstacle avoidance method including three main parts. Firstly we design five basic obstacle avoidance behaviors in which emergency-yaw and holding-distance behaviors, and emergency-ascend and holding-altitude behaviors are responsible for avoiding obstacles in horizontal plane and in vertical plane respectively. All the behaviors have their own objectives and are implemented by fuzzy controllers. In the second part we present finite state automata (FSA) which are used to select a suitable obstacle avoidance behavior when an obstacle is detected. Each discrete state corresponds to a basic obstacle avoidance behavior. A set of events, oriented from changes of external environment, drive the obstacle avoidance automata from one state to another. The obstacle avoidance automata are able to make instantaneous response to external stimulation, but may come to a deadlock under some special conditions because of no considering historical information. So a supervisor based on event feedback is presented in the third part. It provides the obstacle avoidance automata with a control mode and can lead it to break a deadlock through local path planning. At last the availability and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated by simulation tests under more than 30 types of obstacle scenarios on an AUV semi-physical simulation platform.


Reaction of 2,3- and 3,4-dimethylbenzonitriles with nitric acid in acetic anhydride gives 1,4-(nitroacetoxy-) adducts in which the nitro-group is attached to that nuclear carbon atom bearing a methyl group which is meta to the cyano-group; thermolysis of these adducts gives the original dimethylbenzonitrile, together with 2,3-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzonitrile and 3,4-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzonitrile, respectively.


Objective To investigate the effects of lipoic acid on triglyeride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) induced by ox-LDL. Methods Twenty special pathgon free and male SD rats were sacrificed and isolated their thoracic aorta VSMC. VSMC was divided into five groups: control,ox-LDL,ox-LDL with different lipoic acid (20,80,100 mg/L) and the control group donot were gave any drugs,and four experiment groups were exposed to ox-LDL and then incubated with different concentrations of lipoic acid respectively. The levels of TG and TC were measured and the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were detected in VSMC. Results It were found that the levels of TG,TC in ox-LDL group was significantly higher than those in the control group(P0.05),the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were much lower than those in the control group(P0.05). Lipoic acid could significantly lower the levels of TG,TC(P0.05) and enhance the levels of SOD and GSH-PX(P0.05) in VSMC induced by ox-LDL. Conclusion Lipoic acid can inhibit lipid accumulation in VSMC induced by ox-LDL. The mechanisms may be associated with the increase of self-anti-oxidation ability of lipoic acid.


This chapter reports and discusses data from interviews with university-based historians and physicists in Australia on performance measurement. We consider how they see accountability today, what they perceive as having changed in their institutional contexts and what kinds of effects new forms of performance assessment are having. The major change noted by all is the proliferation of metrics as measures of performance, and the greater use of these for assessment purposes outside the specific department level. Both physicists and historians were concerned that such measures were prone to distortions, and produced some incentives to focus on what is fashionable or less risky, and on strategies to produce greater publication quantity rather than quality. Research performance assessment apparently carries more weight than teaching quality assessment, and is interpreted as tacitly providing an incentive to reduce time spent on teaching compared with research. There appears to be some current variation across Australian universities in the extent to which performance assessment is consequential and the extent to which it appears to be primarily ceremonial.


The invention discloses magnesium/aluminium (Mg/Al) binary hydrotalcite. A chemical general formula of the Mg/Al binary hydrotalcite is [Mg (1-x)Alx (OH)2]x+(BrO )x.mH2O, wherein x is the molar ratio of Al to (Mg +Al ) and is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1/3; and m is the quantity of crystal water and is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4. The invention also discloses application of the Mg/Al binary hydrotalcite in treatment of chemical wastewater. By the invention, the chemical wastewater is treated by using the absorbability of hydrotalcite in the Mg/Al binary hydrotalcite and the oxidability of bromate ion (BrO ) of a BrO intercalation, so absorption efficiency is relatively high, and an effect is obvious.


The complete sequential assignment of the 1H‐nmr resonance frequencies of the active fragment of the rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF 101–126) has been performed. Two‐dimensional nmr techniques have been employed, including phase‐sensitive nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy (NOESY), relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy (RELAY), and J‐correlated spectroscopy (COSY). Experiments were performed both in D20 and H20 solutions at different pH values. With few exceptions, resonance frequencies were practically pH independent. NOESY spectra were recorded using both 300‐ and 500‐ms mixing times, and no long‐range connectivities were observed, leading to the conclusion that ANF 101–126 has no defined secondary nor tertiary structure in water in the pH range used (2.73–5.21).


Fish sauce, a traditional Asian condiment, is derived from the prolonged hydrolysis of salted small fishes, resulting in a mixture of amino acids and proteins. While fermented products are generally considered safe for consumption, ensuring the safety of public consumers remains paramount. Despite this concern, limited research exists in the Philippines on the protein content and microbial quality of fish sauce. Therefore, this study aims to assess the protein content, total halophilic count, and the presence of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in fish sauce produced by unregistered manufacturers in specific provinces of the Philippines. The Kjehldal method was employed to determine the crude protein content, and the organoleptic characteristics, including color, odor, flavor, and aftertaste liking, were evaluated by a panel of 10 sensory experts using a descriptive sensory score sheet. Furthermore, the acceptability of the samples was assessed through a 9-point hedonic scale. The results indicated that the protein content of the five fish sauce samples ranged from 1.00% to 2.06%. According to the required minimum standard set by the Department of Health (DOH) (4.5-2.5%), all fish sauce samples were classified as "fish sauce below standard." Regarding microbiological quality, the Philippines currently lacks standardized limits for fish sauce products. The halophilic count in the samples ranged from 308 to 930 cfu·g-1, while all samples yielded a Staphylococcal count of <10 MPN·g-1 and were negative for Salmonella spp. Furthermore, based on the 9-point hedonic scale, the acceptance score of the five fish sauces was found to be 5.0. This research sheds light on the protein content, microbial safety, and consumer perception of fish sauce produced by unregistered manufacturers in select provinces of the Philippines, emphasizing the need for establishing quality standards to safeguard public health.


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children has unpredictable and severe course. There is currently no standard therapy for the treatment of the disease. The article presents the results of a retrospective study of rituximab efficiency in 16 children with SLE aged 5 to 16 years who were hospitalized. Rituximab was administered to patients with a severe life-threatening course of the disease when the hormone-cytostatic therapy was ineffective or the reduction of the daily dose of corticosteroids was impossible. The administered drug dose was 375 mg/m2 weekly during 4 weeks. The therapy with rituximab is noted with a clinically significant decrease in the values of laboratory parameters of the disease activity, SLEDAI, ECLAM disease activity indices, SLICC/ACR impairment index, as well as a daily dose of corticosteroids. 1 case of pneumonia and 2 cases of death associated with generalized mycotic infection are reported.