A new type of poly(ether sulfone)‐based self‐aggregated anion exchange membrane (AEM) was successfully synthesized and used in H2/O2 fuel cell applications. The self‐aggregated structural design improves the effective mobility of OH− ion and increases the ionic conductivity of AEM. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirm successful chloromethylation and quaternization in the poly(ether sulfone). Thermogravimetric analysis curves show the self‐aggregated membrane was thermally stable up to 180 °C. The AEM also has excellent mechanical properties, with tensile strength 53.5 MPa and elongation at break 47.6% under wet condition at room temperature. The performance of H2/O2 single fuel cell at 30 °C showed the maximum power density of 162 mW cm−2. These results show that the self‐aggregated quaternized poly(ether sulfone) membrane is a potential candidate for alkaline fuel cell applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Higgs boson pair production is traditionally considered to be of particular interest for a measurement of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. Yet it can offer insights into other couplings as well, since - in an effective field theory (EFT) parameterisation of potential new physics - both the production cross section and kinematical properties of the Higgs boson pair depend on various other Wilson coefficients of EFT operators. This note summarises the ongoing efforts related to the development of EFT tools for Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion, and provides recommendations for the use of distinct EFT parameterisations in the Higgs boson pair production process. This document also outlines where further efforts are needed and provides a detailed analysis of theoretical uncertainties. Additionally, benchmark scenarios are updated. We also re-derive a parameterisation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections in terms of the EFT Wilson coefficients both for the total cross section and the distribution in the invariant mass of the Higgs boson pair, providing for the first time also the covariance matrix. A reweighting procedure making use of the newly derived coefficients is validated, which can be used to significantly speed up experimental analyses.


The multilevel inverter (MLI) has gained much attention in recent years due to its advantages in high power with low harmonics applications[8]. The general function of the mul-tilevel inverter is to synthesize a desired high voltage from several levels of dc voltages that can be batteries, fuel cells, etc. This paper presents a hybrid cascaded five level inverter. Among various modulation techniques, the Hybrid PWM technique is developed to reduce switching losses. The proposed topology can reduce the number of required power switches compared to a traditional cascaded multilevel inverter. To develop the model of a hybrid multilevel inverter, a simulation is done based on MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Their integration makes the design and analysis of a hybrid multilevel invert-er more complete and detailed. I.INTRODUCTION Recently multilevel power conversion has been applied for high voltage and high power application such as flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices and AC motor drives[3]. A multilevel inverter has four main advantages over the conventional bipolar inverter [6]. First, the voltage stress on each switch is decreased due to series connection of the switches. Therefore, the rated voltage and consequently the total power of the inverter could be safely increased. Second, the rate of change of voltage (dv/dt) is decreased due to the lower voltage swing of each switching cycle. Third, harmonic distortion is reduced due to more output levels. Forth, lower acoustic noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) is obtained. In general each H-bridge cell requires an isolated DC sources. The number of DC sources is relation with the number of voltage levels and the number of phases of the converter. A single-phase five-level cascaded inverter requires six separate DC voltage sources. This paper proposes a topology to minimize the number of separate DC sources to reduce the complexity of the inverter. By using the proposed method, the required DC sources are only dependent on the number of voltage levels and independent of the number of phases of the converter. By sharing the same DC voltage sources, the synthesized voltage can be balanced easily. There are several well known pulse width modulation (PWM) methods. We concentrate only in HPWM to-pology in this paper. The advantage of this topology are :[9] 1.To reduce line current ripple. 2.To reduce inverter switching losses. 3.To regulate ac voltage and frequency. 4. To improve the efficiency of the system. Section II deals with the basic operation of multilevel inverter. Section …


Modern processors make use of optimization techniques such as cache and speculation mechanisms to greatly improve performance. But recent research has found that these techniques can also be exploited by attackers to perform powerful side-channel attacks. A large number of powerful cache-based attacks have been replicated and enhanced over Intel X86- and ARM-based architectures, but there is a relative lack of research on RISC-V-based architectures. Xuantie-910 and BOOM are both RISC-V-based processors. So far, cache-side channels in the unprivileged case of Xuantie-910 have not been proven, while cache attacks against BOOM are proliferating. There are two types of caches, including physically-indexed physically-tagged (PIPT) cache (adopted by Xuantie-910) and virtually-indexed physically-tagged (VIPT) cache (adopted by BOOM), corresponding to two different cache addressing forms. VIPT has higher addressing performance than PIPT, since it can directly obtain cache line index from virtual address. In this paper, we study Xuantie-910 and BOOM to explore the impact of cache design on the security of RISC-V-based microarchitecture. Specifically, we compare the impact of their cache addressing forms on precise flushing of cache lines at specified locations, which plays an important role in cache side-channel attacks. Experimental results show that for the VIPT cache in BOOM, the location-specified cache lines can be accurately flushed, and Spectre attack can be successfully carried out by using the cache side-channel. On the other hand, for the PIPT cache in Xuantie-910, it is impossible for attackers to directly and accurately flush the specified location of cache without affecting performance, which hinders the success of cache side-channel attacks. This provides us with an insight that one can adopt a VIPT-based cache with a mechanism similar to PIPT for preventing the accurate access of cache line index, which can not only keep the advantage of high-performance addressing in VIPT but also improve chip security.


Purpose – The purpose of the present study is to take an overview of the use of computers, internet, computer skills and information searching behaviour on the web as well as the OPAC in a university setting among students at the postgraduate level from rural and urban backgrounds in a comparative analogue.Design/methodology/approach – This survey‐based study utilized the questionnaire as its major data collection instrument. However, the interview method and general observations were also used, whenever required, to supplement the data and make the information more explicit. The data, thus collected, were analysed with the aid of SPSS statistical software. The Chi‐square test was also performed to identify significant comparability among urban and rural background students.Findings – The study revealed that most postgraduates (95.5 per cent) belonging to rural areas were computer literate. Further, most of them had accessed the web for communication purposes and for locating general and academic informat...


The Katz-Sarnak density conjecture states that the scaling limits of the distributions of zeros of families of automorphic L-functions agree with the scaling limits of eigenvalue distributions of classical subgroups of the unitary groups U(N). This conjecture is often tested by way of computing particular statistics, such as the one-level density, which evaluates a test function with compactly supported Fourier transform at normalized zeros near the central point. Iwaniec, Luo, and Sarnak studied the one-level densities of cuspidal newforms of weight k and level N. They showed in the limit as kN -> infinity that these families have one-level densities agreeing with orthogonal type for test functions with Fourier transform supported in (-2, 2). Exceeding (-1, 1) is important as the three orthogonal groups are indistinguishable for support up to (-1, 1) but are distinguishable for any larger support. We study the other family of GL(2) automorphic forms over Q: Maass forms. To facilitate the analysis, we use smooth weight functions in the Kuznetsov formula which, among other restrictions, vanish to order 2M at the origin. For test functions with Fourier transform supported inside (-2+2/2M+1, 2 - 2/2M+1), we unconditionally prove the one-level density of the low-lying zeros of level 1 Maass forms, as the eigenvalues tend to infinity, agrees only with that of the scaling limit of orthogonal matrices.


In recent years the UN Commission on Human Rights has been widely and severely castigated for its failures to live up to the vision of being a genuine protector of victims of human rights abuses and instead becoming a shield for the violators. This article provides an assessment of these criticisms of the Commission by exploring its historical beginnings, its notable achievements, and its manifest shortcomings, and then analyzes how these and other factors came into play when the membership of the United Nations decided to replace the Commission with the new Human Rights Council.


Epidemiological studies have shown that age is the dominant risk factor for lifestyle-related diseases. The incidence and the prevalence of diabetes, heart failure, coronary heart disease and hypertension increase with advancing age. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased risk of such diseases that is conferred by aging remain unclear. Cellular senescence is originally described as the finite replicative lifespan of human somatic cells in culture. Cellular senescence is accompanied by a specific set of phenotypic changes in morphology and gene expression including negative regulators of the cell cycle such as p53. Primary cultured cells from patients with premature aging syndromes are known to have a shorter lifespan than cells from age-matched healthy persons. It is also reported that the number of senescent cells increases in various tissues with advancing age. Interestingly, such accumulation of senescent cells in aged animals is attenuated by caloric restriction that regulates the lifespan regulatory system and delays age-associate phenotypes. I therefore hypothesize that cellular senescence in vivo contributes to the pathogenesis of age-associated disease and have shown a critical role of cellular senescence in age-related pathologies. However, a direct inhibition of cellular aging signal- ing would lead to the increased incidence of cancer, so we need to develop anti-senescent therapy without cancer development. Here I will show our recent data on a novel strategy of anti-senescent therapy for age-associated disease by targeting cellular senescence (Seno-antigens, Seno-metabolites, SASP), which would not promote tumorigenesis.


We discuss existence and classification of totally umbilic surfaces in the model geometries of Thurston and the Berger spheres. We classify such surfaces in $H^2 \times R$, $S^2 \times R$ and the Sol group. We prove nonexistence in the Berger spheres and in the remaining model geometries other than the space forms.


In order to improve the effect of solving the octagonal Steiner tree problem better, the optimal solution analysis of octagonal Steiner tree problem based on GPU acceleration is proposed. Combining with prim algorithm, the relay point of octagonal Steiner tree is cut in. In order to better shorten the routing path, the GPU acceleration principle is used for global search, the routing path is scientifically standardized, the range of inflection point is reasonably defined, and the research requirements for effective analysis of the optimal solution of octagonal Steiner tree problem are finally realized. Finally, it is proved by experiments that the GPU accelerated optimal solution analysis method for octagonal Steiner tree problem is more effective in practical application, and can effectively improve the data convergence and fully meet the research requirements.


A well embalmed cadaver for a participatory dissection should be able to have long-term structural preservation of organs and tissues with minimal distortion, deterred from hardening or any form of modification. Six (6) goats meant for students' dissection practical were utilized for this study in the period of six (6) months. They were grouped into A, B and C based on concentration of formaldehyde in relation to saturated salt solution. Stock solution of saturated salt solution (SSS) was used to make 5% and 10% of formalin used in grouped A and B respectively while group C was 20% formalin with no saturated salt solution. It was observed better range of motion (ROM) on pressure application on joints of the limb in group A and B. The integrity of the muscle was maintained in group B. In conclusion, this study has proven that saturated salt solution (SSS) is the best, affordable and accessible option of reagent in embalming. It maintained the integrity of the tissue without distorting the color, shape and texture of the structure. Also, the hazardous effect of formaldehyde was reduced thereby making dissection convenient to both students and instructors.


In order to solve the problems of stress and deformation of welded turnout on Hongzuihe super large bridge for passenger dedicated lines,a spatial coupling model of welded turnout on bridge is set up according to the structures and arrangement forms of turnout and bridge.The spatial mechanical characteristics induced by temperature load,vertical load,transverse deformation of rail,etc.are analyzed.The results show that the maximum value of the rail additional expansion and contraction force appears at the movable end of girder body under temperature load,and it is influenced significantly by the distance between the fixed and movable bearings.The relative displacements between the switch rail and the nose rail,point of nose rail and wing rail are smaller,and within the expansion range of the external locking device.When applying load fully on the half of continuous beam,rail longitudinal displacement,additional deflection force and bridge vertical deflection reach maximum.When applying load fully on the straight single-track line of the beam,bridge transverse deflection and torsion value reach maximum.Rail transverse deformation induced by temperature load is relatively small,and has little influence on the reduction rate of wheel load and derailment coefficient.Because of all sorts of factors such as high standard of passenger dedicated line and complicated structure of turnout and bridge,the influence of rail transverse deformation should not be ignored.It is suggested that the spatial mechanical characteristics should be considered in designing the welded turnout on bridge for passenger dedicated lines.


The aggregation of amyloid- b protein (A b ) in vivo is a critical pathological event in Alzheimer's disease. Although more and more evidence shows that the intermediate oligomers are the primary neurotoxic species in Alzheimer's disease, the particular structural features responsible for the toxicity of these intermediates are poorly understood. We measured the peptide level solvent accessibility of multiple A b (1-40) aggregated states using hydrogen exchange detected by mass spectrometry. A gradual reduction in solvent accessibility, spreading from the C-terminal region to the N-terminal region was observed with ever more aggregated states of A b peptide. The observed hydrogen exchange protection begins with reporter peptides 20-34 and 35-40 in low molecular weight oligomers found in fresh samples and culminates with increasing solvent protection of reporter peptide 1-16 in long time aged fibrillar species. The more solvent exposed structure of intermediate oligomers in the N-termini relative to well-developed fibrils provides a novel explanation for the structure-dependent neurotoxicity of soluble oligomers reported previously.


Persistent postoperative pain is a significant problem for many children, particularly for those undergoing major surgery such as posterior spine fusion. More than two‐thirds report persistent pain after spine fusion, yet factors that may contribute to poorer outcomes remain poorly understood.


With the emergence of man from nature art emerged among the objects. There was nothing to distinguish or exalt it in the beginning. Art did not separate one kind of thing from the others but was rather a quality common to them all. To the extent to which things were made by human beings, art did not necessarily call for the skill of specialists. All things took skill, and almost everybody had it. This is the way an essayist of the eighteenth century might have begun a treatise on our subject. By now his recourse to a mythical past would sound naive and misleading, mainly because we have come to pride ourselves on defining things by what distinguishes them from the rest of the world. Thus art is laboriously separated from what is supposed not to be art-a hopeless endeavor, which has more and more disfigured our image of art by extirpating it from its context. We have been left with the absurd notion of art as a collection of useless artifacts generating an unexplainable kind of pleasure. Rescue from this impasse of our thinking is not likely to come primarily from those of us who, established on the island of artistic theory and practice, look around at what else there is in the world to see; rather it will come from those who are curious about what human beings meet, make, and use, and who in the course of their explorations run into


Abstract : Several methods of stabilizing the output frequency of the Marzolf tunnel diode static power inverter circuit are presented as well as an analysis of the no-load and loaded conditions of the circuit. Several test circuits were built and experimental results were compared to theoretical predictions with good verification. The basic theory of tunnel diodes is discussed to provide background information. (Author)


In this study, uncertainties related to NH3 concentration, emission factor, and emission factor estimation in the exhaust gas of the steel sintering furnace using COG (coke oven gas) among the by-product gas generated in steel production was estimated to identify the missing source. By measuring the NH3 concentration in the exhaust gas of steel sintering furnace using COG, a concentration between 0.02 and 0.12 ppm was found, with an average concentration of 0.06 ppm, confirming the emissions of NH3. Using this measurement of the NH3 concentration, an NH3 emission factor of 0.0061 kg NH3/ton was derived. The uncertainty of the developed NH3 emission factor of the sintering furnace using COG was analyzed using a Monte Carlo simulation. Consequently, the uncertainty range of NH3 emission factor of the sintering furnace using COG was derived to be −11.4% to +12.89% at the 95% confidence level. According to the results of this study, NH3 emissions occur from the use of COG, yielding values higher than the NH3 emission factor resulting from the use of LNG(liquefied natural gas) in combustion facilities. It should be recognized that it is a missing emission source and the corresponding emission should be calculated.


Radio channel impairment is a major concern in any wireless system, and channel estimation is used to calculate the multipath channel effects. The traditional way of using pilots for channel estimation has a tradeoff between spectral efficiency and estimation accuracy. An increasing amount of research has been done based on a novel signal processing technique called compressive sensing (CS) and its applications in the modern day wireless systems. In this paper, we can exploit the sparsity of the time domain channel by choosing the pilots randomly and building a random projection measurement matrix, thereby conserving the bandwidth. We investigate the implementation and the challenges in an open source software based radio development kit, GNU Radio for a wireless system, and build a CS-based channel estimator for the OFDM module on a Universal Software Radio Peripheral 2 (USRP2). Simulations are conducted to prove the effectiveness over traditional channel estimation. A Python signal processing package is developed and performance studies are conducted in the real-time system through USRP2.


A checklist of large branchiopods containing 19 species from Hungary is given. The his tory of the scientific investigations of Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata and Laevicaudata is briefly reported. For each species the following data are provided: important synonyms, localities from Hungary with the reference number of the publication and unpublished data. Distribution is mapped using the UTM grid system.


The invention relates to an external equipment module (18) for a motor vehicle, comprising means for controlling the locking the closed position of a moveable part (12), such as a rear hatch, in relation to a fixed part of the structure of the vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an external tight body which is accommodated in a complementary housing (22) of the moveable part (12) in which it is mounted from the outer side of said vehicle.


The radio frequency (RF) performance of a III-V transistor comprised of nanowire (NW) high-electron mobility channels, grown by planar vapor-liquid-solid epitaxy in parallel arrays, is examined. An equivalent small-signal circuit model was used to study the contributing extrinsic and intrinsic passive elements on the NW performance as a function of bias and gate length (LG). Adequate intrinsic gain (gm/gds) ~25 with low intrinsic (Ri) and terminal resistances (RG, RS, RD) lead to an fT/f max ~ 30/78 GHz for LG = 150 nm and NW diameter ~160 nm. The gate capacitance (Cg) is extracted and ~2/3 of the total Cg is parasitic, which can be reduced with denser NW arrays. Excellent agreement between measured and modeled RF performance is achieved.


Continuous Line Acquisition (CLA) or data acquired during vessel turns produces datasets not only with a high fold but also with a highly variable set of azimuths in the turning areas. Processing this data for imaging will require regularisation for the fold, but just as importantly, a technique to honour the azimuths for model building. In this case study we show an example of a North Sea dataset processed in 2015 with both pre-stack time migration and pre-stack depth migration. The model building for the depth migration used an innovative approach for handling the azimuths so they could be used in the ray tracing for tomography for a more accurate model. We call this method pre-migration azimuth preservation (PMAP).


After long discussion in 1988 year it was decided to create the jewish museum, devoting to centuries-old german-jewish history. It was being built during 10 years by a design of one of famous architectures of the world, the adherent of a deconstructivism Daniel Liebeskind. During two years untill the exposition were not set up in the museum it was being worked as an architectural museum. Bat even after official opening the specialists consider that sometimes Liebeskind succeeded to reflect in architectural forms a phenomen of yewish history in Germany more adequate than the expositions did.


ume III, p. 143-48) and included theses accepted during the academic year 1950-51. Subsequent lists appeared in each June issue of the Journal through 1956. Beginning in 1957, delayed availability of the basic list of dissertations resulted in the shifting of the presentation to the September issue. One hundred and fifty-one studies are included in the present list, an increase of approximately 12 per cent over the 135 studies listed for 1958-59. The total number of theses in all fields2 this year was 9,927, a record number exceeding the total of 9,295 for the preceding year by almost 7 per cent. On the other hand, the 1,440 theses accepted in the field of education alone represent a 4.2 per cent decrease from the 1,503 reported for 1958-59. Of all dissertations reported this year, those in the field of education accounted for 14.5 per cent, the smallest proportion since 1951-52. The greatest per cent of theses in education during this period was 16.9 in 1957-58. The total numbers of studies concerned with the education of teachers and administrators appearing in the previous annual lists in the Journal have varied from a high of THE JOURNAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION and its readers again are indebted to Professor William Spears and Mrs. Helen Ellis for the careful sifting of doctoral dissertations and listing of those of special interest from the viewpoint of teacher and administrator education. We believe this to be an important service, particlllarly since publication of dissertations often is clelayed.-D.G.R.


We have used a modified vibrating reed technique to measure the temperature dependence of the sound velocity and attenuation for modes corresponding to the Young's modulus and c/sub 14/ shear modulus of single crystals of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-//sub delta/. The Young's sound velocity shows a tremendous softening during the superconducting transition: a smeared discontinuity of as high as 190 ppm. Below the transition, the temperature dependences of both sound velocities harden considerably. The discontinuities of the sound velocities and their temperature derivatives at T/sub c/ are related to the specific-heat jump at the superconducting transition.


This article probes into sth. that concerns about the soak of incorrect religion and its culture into the Communist Party.


Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are the major site of hepatic vitamin A storage as well as hepatic extracellular matrix synthesis. In liver injury, HSCs become activated, lose their vitamin A‐containing lipid droplets, and aberrantly produce extracellular matrix proteins giving rise to fibrosis. We have shown that lecithin:retinol acyltransferase‐deficient mice (LRAT−/−) lack lipid droplet in HSCs. Our in vivo studies indicated that diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), an enzyme expressed in liver, catalyzes acyl‐CoA‐dependent retinyl ester formation. Surprisingly, about 30% of 3 month‐old double mutant mice lacking LRAT and DGAT1 (LRAT−/−/DGAT1−/−) fed a chow diet develop spontaneously liver fibrosis as evidenced by trichrome staining. No evidence for fibrosis was seen in age‐ and gender‐matched wild type, LRAT−/− or DGAT1−/− littermates. Expression levels of CYP26A1 (a retinoic acid (RA)‐metabolizing enzyme) in LRAT−/− and LRAT−/−/DGAT1−/− mice were significant elevated over those of wild type and DGAT1−/− mice (p<0.0001). Strikingly, CYP26A1 expression of LRAT−/−/DGAT1−/− was significant higher than LRAT−/− (p = 0.002). Since CYP26A1 is a marker for RA levels, our data suggest that higher RA levels in LRAT−/−/DGAT1−/− may play a role in the development of liver disease. The mechanisms underlying the relationship between hepatic vitamin A and fibrosis development are being explored.


Figure 1: (A) A schematic of the mir-49 locus and the location of the newly generated mir-49(zen99) and mir-49(zen102) deletion alleles. (B) zen99 removes 56 base pairs from the mir-49 precursor. (C) zen102 removes 58 base pairs from the mir-49 precursor.


Ortho‐phenylphenol (OPP), as an active ingredient of disinfectants, has been worldwide utilized as fungicides and antibacterial agents in hospital, agriculture, wood preservation, and veterinary products. However, little is known about the toxic effects of OPP on male reproduction, especially sperm motility, and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we chose porcine sperms as in vitro model to investigate the effects and mechanisms of OPP exposure on sperm motility. Our results indicated that porcine sperm motility decreases significantly in a dose‐dependent manner after exposed to OPP. Additionally, ATP synthesis deficiency was revealed by downregulation of ATP synthase subunit beta and adenosine 5′‐monophosphate‐activated protein kinase expression. Furthermore, OPP disturbed the expression of TP53 and PTEN, which contributed to AKT pathway deactivation. OPP exposure also disrupted platelet‐derived growth factor receptor A expression, which further inhibited 3‐phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase 1 activation, resulting in protein kinase B and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 deactivation. In conclusion, these observations suggest that OPP exposure decreases porcine sperm motility by disturbing the AMPK/AKT signaling pathway. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Distance education is an instructional system that provides for people's education on computer at any place and any time. The rapid improvement of Internet has provided for the improvement of the education methods. The web has become a dynamic, powerful and inreactive medium for delivering instruction. In this study, the design and production of the web-based content of Integrated Office course taught in Computer Division of Gazi University Ataturk Vocational Collage is proposed. For this reason, the international studies on the instructional design, human – computer interaction and the methods of content developing has been investigated. It has been aimed for providing instruction on electronic plant that the contents are presented comprehensibly, supported by convenient visual and audio materials, structured by evaluating special expression form and perception process and the interaction between the student and the computer is in facilitative structure on learning. The developed web-based Integrated Office course has been used effectively. According to the data obtained at the chat hours from the students, these findings have been attained: the content is comprehensible, the animations are extremely successful and they study mental actively.


Pharmacotherapy and cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) are currently the most effective interventions for treating obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). These treatments, however, are time consuming and in some cases the patients do not show significant improvement. In all, 30%–60% of OCD patients do not respond adequately to pharmacotherapy and 20%–40% of OCD patients who complete CBT do not improve significantly, suggesting a more efficacious approach is needed. The objectives of this study are to demonstrate an efficacious pharmacotherapy plus psychotherapy, named cognitive–coping therapy (CCT), for OCD and to investigate the efficacy of this approach in a larger sample size. Therefore, a total of 108 patients with OCD were randomly allocated into three groups: pharmacotherapy (N = 38), pharmacotherapy plus CBT (PCBT, N = 34), and pharmacotherapy plus CCT (PCCT, N = 36). The severity of symptoms and the patients' functioning were assessed pretreatment and after 7, 14, 21 days, and 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month treatment using the Yale‐Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Compared with the pharmacotherapy and PCBT groups, the severity of OCD symptoms was significantly reduced (P < 0.001), the rates of response (100%) and remission (85.0%) were significantly higher (P < 0.001), and relapse rate was lower (P = 0.017) in PCCT group during the 1‐year follow‐up. In addition, the GAF score was significantly higher in the PCCT group than in the other two groups (P < 0.001). Our preliminary data suggest that PCCT is a more efficacious psychotherapy for OCD patients than pharmacotherapy or PCBT.


Background: In three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) image is commonly used to assist radiation oncologists in diagnos-ing regions of interest, so that normal and target tissues can be better delineated. CECT causes the temporary increase in the CT number and the corresponding electron density (ρ e ). Administrated contrast agents (CA) during CT simulation and altering the ρ e of struc-tures can be effective on radiation calculations and dose-volume histograms (DVH s ) in radiotherapy treatment planning. Therefore, present study was designed and performed to determine the influence of the administrated CA on DVH s . Methods: Current study performed as a self-controlled clinical trial study with be-fore/after method at Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah City, during the period from June 2015 till August 2016. Ten patients with pelvic cancer included in this study through sim-ple sampling. Cases with prior reactions to CA, diabetes, renal diseases, and asthma were excluded. Two sets of CT-scans were taken for each patient in the same position and co-ordinates. Primary study sets contained pre-contrast images and secondary study sets were performed post-contrast. Both sets of CT images were transferred to the treatment planning system (ISOgray® software, Version 188.8.131.52 L, DOSIsoft®, Cachan, France). All treatment plans were generated on pre-contrast and subsequently copied to the post-contrast CT. Quantitative calculations were performed in treatment planning including the difference in ρ e before and after CA administration. Results: The prostate (1.27%), the bladder (0.62-0.79%) and the rectum (0.43-0.56%) showed the largest changes in average ρ e increase. The results confirm the expected rela-tionship of increasing attenuation, CT number, and ρ e with increased tissue density due to the CA. However, the DVH s showed insignificant difference between pre-and post-contrast CTs for 18 MV photon beam. Conclusion: The results showed statistical insignificant difference between with and without CA CTs treatment plan in pelvic field for targets and OARs. These results may serve as a reference to justify the use of CECT data sets for 3D-CRT planning of pelvic region cancers using DosiSoft ISOgray system. Abstract


[Purpose] This study aimed to assess fall-related risk factors among community-dwelling older adults during a period of voluntary self-isolation for preventing the spread of COVID-19. [Participants and Methods] This was a cross-sectional study. Survey questionnaire forms were distributed to 2,586 community-dwelling older adults in Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Completed questionnaires were returned by mail. [Results] Of the 1,645 people who responded, 1,040 people aged 65 and over who did not apply for long-term care insurance and fully completed the questionnaire were included in this study. Since no in-person measurements were required, we utilized the Frailty Screening Index for the evaluations. We evaluated the relationship between questionnaire responses and fall rates among community-dwelling older adults. Among the results, "yes" responses to "Do you think you walk more slowly than before?" were identified as significantly associated with falls. [Conclusion] One must pay careful attention to subjectively assessing decreases in walking speed as a fall prevention measure during periods of self-restraint to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection.


A simple model of "hourglass†problems is presented. For such problems, the benefit of a national policy measure is propagated to all countries through one single world-wide variable. The prime example is the effect of the reduction of CO 2 emission on the world climate. Five optimal solutions are given, for various situations and points of view, followed by a comparison with the outcome of permit trading.


Abstract : This report results from a contract tasking University of Haifa. This research studied the phenomenon of penny dropping, i.e., replacing one conceptual frame that informs understanding and guides action by another by investigating how officers and soldiers in the Second Lebanon War reframe from an initial erroneous conception of their situation to a more accurate one under stress and ambiguity. Official and journalistic post-war inquiries indicate that the failure of the Israel Defense Force (IDF) in the second Lebanon War, in despite of considerable superiority in size and technology, can be largely attributed to its Chief of General Staff, Lt. General Halutz's failure to reframe on time: Contrary to his conception that the IDF was involved in an 'operation' that could be won with an airbased strategy, the IDF was actually engaged in a war that required large scale ground operations (for which it was ill prepared (Lipshitz, 2008 a). In contrast, incidental reports indicate that on the ground officers and soldiers realized, sometimes quite quickly, that 'this was not what we have planned or were led to expect.' The research reported here used a Naturalistic Decision Making methodology to understand how these individuals managed to reframe successfully in conditions marked by high stress and ambiguity. A model integrating three areas, sensemaking, reframing, and decision making was developed in a grounded methodology in the first phase of the study, and validated and elaborated to include insight in the second phase of the study. The model distinguishes between three different processes of framing and reframing (instant, gradual, and epiphany) and specifies eight different barriers to reframing and their potential solutions.


Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is sensitive to chilling particularly during bud bursting period and cannot adapt to chilling.The ratio of dead seedlings were measured in an indica/japonica recombinant inbred line(RIL)population with 71 lines and a genome-wide chromosome segment substitution line(CSSL)population with 65 lines.The result indicated that in the RIL population,a total of three QTL controlling cold tolerance at the bud bursting period were detected on chromosome 5(two regions)and 12,named qCTBP5-1,qCTBP5-2 and qCTBP12,respectively.The LOD value of each QTL were 4.7,2.9 and 2.9,and phenotypic variations explained by each QTL are 19.21%,12.00% and 12.21%,respectively.And one allele of qCTBP5-2 came from Asominori as well as two alleles of qCTBP5-1 and qCTBP12 came from IR24.Meanwhile,an analysis of CSSL graphical gene types also showed that there was a negative allele on the IR24 chromosome substitution segment near RFLP marker C1447 with approximate 15 cM interval,which proved the existence of qCTBP5-2.


Target threat assessment is the most important element in command control communication and computer intelligence surveillance reconnaissance (C4ISR) system which is the key function in air combat situation analysis and can select the most valuable target to the commander. A threat assessment model of multi-UAV platform cooperative engagement built based on back propagate neural network (BPNN) is present in this paper, which provides a machine learning method for the threat assessment. The BPNN target threat assessment model has six input nodes, 10 hide nodes and 1 output node, which can fit the complicated nonlinear relationship between threat value and target behavior state. Simulation experiment is executed to verify the accuracy of the proposed BPNN target threat assessment method, and the result shows that the method is effective and can be applied to the real air combat.


Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) products are susceptible to biological attack. To study this problem, lignin was considered as a material in blend with PVC. Lignin is a renewable, naturally occurring compound and is obtained as a by-product of pulping processes. At present, extensive research has been performed to explore the utilization of lignin. This research studies the feasibility of partially replacing a copolymer of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate (VC-VAc) by lignin in flooring formulations and evaluates the effects of lignin on the resistance of these formulations to fungi attack. The lignin utilized in the study was an organosolv lignin-Alcell lignin. To accomplish the objectives, a series of PVC controls and PVC-lignin blends with various plasticizers were inoculated with fungi. After a 28-day incubation, the changes in chemical structure were analyzed by Fourie Transform Infrared (ATR/FTIR) spectroscopy. Optical stereomicroscopy and optical microscopy were employed to observe the changes at the surface. This research is the original assessment of the resistances of PVC-lignin blends to biodegradation. After a series of experiments, it was found that all fungi species grew on every composite and showed similar abilities of growth. PVC and PVC-lignin blends are susceptive to fungi attack and plasticizers are the main targets of fungi attack; the susceptibility of the plasticizers to biodegradation in descendent order is: Di-ethylene glycol di-benzoate ( Benzoflex 2-45 ) > Alchil sulphonate ( Mesamoll ) > Di-octyl phthalate ( DOP ) > Tricresyl phospate ( Lindol ). Lindol is the most suitable plasticizer for the formulation of PVC-lignin flooring; Alcell lignin is biodegradable; the presence of Alcell lignin in the complex interactive system PVC-lignin-additives increases the biodegradability of polymeric materials.


Acid red 2 is a mono azo dye that adversely affects the environment when discharged into industrial effluents. This study investigates remediation of acid red 2 using alumina nanoparticles and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Decolorization assays at 521 nm were carried out using pure
 24 hour bacterial culture, with nanoparticles and bacteria-nanoparticle mixture for 4 hours. Results reveal that 20 mg of alumina nanoparticles decolorized only 23.95% of methyl red whereas 10 ml of bacterial culture combined with 20 mg of alumina nanoparticles decolorized 84.84% of acid red
 2 (500 mg/L). The bacterial culture decolorized 79.98% of the dye. Immobilization of nanoparticles on bacteria and dye degradation were confirmed using SEM and FTIR analysis, respectively. Therefore, the synergistic action of alumina nanoparticles and Klebsiella pneumoniae can be exploited
 for nanoremediation of acid red 2.


The effects of the structure design of AlGaN-based quantum wells (QWs) on the optical properties are discussed. We demonstrate that to achieve efficient emission in the germicidal wavelength range (250 – 280 nm), AlxGa1−xN QWs in an AlyGa1−yN matrix (x < y) is quite effective, compared with those in an AlN matrix: Time-resolved photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopies show that the AlyGa1−yN matrix can enhance the radiative recombination process and can prevent misfit dislocations, which act as non-radiative recombination centers, from being induced in the QW interface. As a result, the emission intensity at room temperature is about 2.7 times larger for the AlxGa1−xN QW in the AlyGa1−yN matrix than that in the AlN matrix. We also point out that further reduction of point defects is crucial to achieve an even higher emission efficiency.


(ProQuest Information and Learning: ... denotes non-USASCII text omitted.) It has long been noted that the Enochic corpus preserves a distinctive story concerning the origin of evil, an account that is known only partially from Genesis 6.1 Enochic works tell the story of angels who forsake their heavenly dwelling in order to mate with women. The union of angels and mortals results in bloodthirsty giants who scar the earth and abuse its inhabitants. The angels, or watchers as they are called, also contribute to humanity's decline by introducing all sorts of forbidden arts. Although these angels come to be imprisoned at the ends of the earth, their spirits continue to wreak havoc by inciting humans to commit idolatry (see 1 En. 19:1). Yet what of the women who associated with the watchers? As if an afterthought, I En. 19:2 briefly recounts the fate of these women as well. According to the Greek manuscript tradition, the wives of the angels who transgressed are to become sirens, mythological creatures often associated with seduction. The Ethiopie manuscripts preserve another reading, however: the wives of the angels are to become peaceful. Which of the readings that concern the women is preferable? A related matter is that since the Aramaic is no longer extant for 1 En. 19:2, one must also consider what the text in its language of composition featured in place of the Greek and Ge'ez variants. The task is a worthy one. We have the opportunity to take up a provocative textcritical issue, one that has not been addressed at length by contemporary exegetes, by examining the interpretative possibilities for the Greek and Ge'ez manuscript readings and their fit within the narrative. In this context we also explore a third possibility for the text of 1 En. 19:2, an Aramaic reading prior to both the Greek and Ge'ez that is now lost to us. Further, the study also calls attention to the depiction of female characters in the narrative, an aspect of the work that in turn might provide further information about the role of women or the status of women in the community that preserved such literature. It is of interest that the wives' outcome has been curiously ignored in second Temple and late antique works that do offer colorful expansions of Enochic texts and traditions, many of which concern the fate of the fallen watchers. What becomes of the watchers' wives, and how does the matter affect our reading of the narrative and the view of women in this Enochic booklet? Discussion of these text-critical matters merits a review of the book's history. Since the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, scholars know that the work we refer to as the Book of the Watchers was originally produced in Aramaic.2 Indeed, based on the number of copies of this text and others from the Enochic corpus, the literature attributed to or associated with Enoch was apparently quite popular at Qumran.3 Although the Aramaic text is extant for much of the Book of the Watchers, nothing from 1 Enoch 19 has been recovered from Qumran.4 I Enoch 19 was preserved, however, in Greek in a codex found in the grave of a Coptic monk; we refer to this manuscript tradition, from the fourth or fifth century, as Panopolitanus, after the codex's provenance in Egypt.5 The consensus view is that the Greek of 1 Enoch is a translation of an Aramaic copy.6 The Book of the Watchers and the whole of the corpus commonly referred to as 1 Enoch are also preserved in Ge'Cz. There are, in fact, several manuscript traditions in Ethiopie, primarily related to one of two families.7 Though there has been some robust discussion as to whether the Ethiopie translators had access to Enochic literature in Aramaic, it is widely acknowledged that a Greek copy was the primary textual basis for the Geez.8 Since the Aramaic for 1 En. 19:2 is not extant, I necessarily rely on Panopolitanus and various Ethiopie manuscript traditions. Inasmuch as the Greek version of the Book of the Watchers offers the earliest, most complete text, one might be inclined to prefer its readings. …


By adopting microfinance as a core component in their development aid programmes, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other development groups aim to reduce poverty and also, raise the status of women and disadvantaged communities. Nevertheless, despite its enormous success in tackling poverty, the applicability of microfinance in formal banks remains a major challenge for developing countries where most of the world's poor reside without access to banking facilities. The authors of this article posit that central banks and the banking sector, in general, can promote good and inclusive financial governance in developing countries by adopting microfinance practice and by integrating pro-poor policies into their banking systems. Focusing on the case of Barbados, the article examines the importance of microfinance for commercial banks. It is argued that the integration of microcredit into the banking and credit schemes of commercial banks and microfinance institutions is a key to promoting good governance.


Monitoring and control over budgeting is inevitable in the management process of the country. An efficient control system, especially an intra-organization system can remarkably contribute to the implementation of social justice and economic development of the country. On the other hand, since budget is the vital channel and center of planning for every government and because all activities will not be carried out without financial resources, monitoring how the resources are spent and adjusting the costs with regulations are major factors in this control system. The Supreme Audit Court has taken an important measure in the development of the monitoring system and immediate audit of the state's financial information by launching an Electronic Monitoring System (EMC). This information system provides such conditions as creating unified procedures, using the capabilities of computer technology, increasing speed and accuracy, immediate access to comprehensive data, providing smart counseling, reducing the bulk of documents and appendixes, etc. in six domains of infrastructure, software databases, information security, formulation of working regulations, training and culture building, and provides the auditors with the ability to collect and analyze the required key data for strategic and operational decisions. This electronic monitoring system creates less ambiguity in the input data and can play an active role in continuous monitoring.


The Fe3+ doped titania (TiO2) photocatalyst with hollow structure was synthesized by sol–gel template method followed by calcation at certain temperature for template removal. The as-prepared Fex-TiO2 photocatalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic performances and kinetics of the Fex-TiO2 photocatalysts with hollow structure were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under UV light irradiation. The results showed that the hollow tube structures TiO2 catalysts, which had an average external diameter of 1.5 μm, were composed of numerous TiO2 nanoparticles. The photocatalytic degradation experiments indicated that the sample of 0.03% Fe/Ti molar ratio shows the best photocatalytic ability. The effect of initial dye concentration and catalyst dosages on the photocatalytic activity were studied respectively and the obtained results were fitted with Langmuir–Hinshelwood model.The kinetic parameters were discussed and syudied according to the experiment results in detail.


Vulgar internet culture of today will not only weaken the efficiency of social education,but also play negative influence on the quality,interest,need and sense of value of the youth.The author makes a study on the negative influence vulgar internet culture has on the youth and the reason why vulgar internet culture is so widely spread out,and then the author puts forward some countermeasures to settle this problem.


An experimental investigation performed on a single-cylinder heavy-duty diesel research engine operating at low-speed, medium load is presented in this paper. This study is focused on combining a homogeneous charge compression ignition and a conventional diesel combustion processes to produce a partially premixed combustion by means of an original injection strategy. This strategy is based on introducing an early pilot injection at the low-pressure top dead center, between the exhaust and the intake strokes, followed by a conventional injection close to the compression top dead center. The main advantage of this concept compared to other early injection strategies consists of injecting always inside the piston bowl, far of the cylinder liner walls, thereby avoiding the oil dilution problems. The effect of the distribution of the fuel injected between low-pressure and compression top dead centers, and also the effect of the start of injection timing for the conventional injection are investigated in terms ...


THE the determinants MANY words of state written and about local the determi ants of state and local government expenditures since Fabricant^ style-setting volume have provided very little information about the factors that influence public officials who make budgets.1 One fault of the existing literature has been the omission of a crucial influence on current expenditures: previous expenditures . Another fault lies in the untested assumption that the aggregate of state and local government expenditures reflects something meaningful about a political-economic system. Knowledge about the combination of state and local government expenditures may not translate into an understanding of expenditure processes at either the state or the local levels of government. Yet it is within these arenas that admini-


The local community and its attitudes and perceptions constitute a nucleus of essential interest when analyzing and man ag ing the economic, sociocultural and en vi ron mental im pact of tourism development in a certain zone. Using multivariate analysis techniques, this wo rk ana lyzes the per ception and at ti tudes of resi dents at an emerg ing tour ist des ti na tion, the country- archipelag o of Cape Verde (Af rica), util iz ing a sur vey de signed for this pur pose. The study cen ters on the is land of S ao Vicente, an en clave with tour ist growth that is al ter ing the resi dents' way of life. Ac cord ing to the re - sults, in gen eral terms, the com mu nity per ceives eco nomic op por tu ni ties for a popu la tion tra di tion ally con demned to mi gra tion, high light ing posi tive im pacts such as im prove ment in in fra struc ture in vest - ments and higher qual ity in es tab lish ments of res to ra tion and com merce. Con clu sions are that greater lo cal par tici pa tion is needed in the tour ism ini tia tives, with an eye to reach ing sus tain abil ity in tour ism de vel op ment and achiev ing a posi tive per cep tion on the part of the resi dents


Phosphorous (P) deficiency is a major yield limiting factor in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. The interspecific New Rice for Africa (NERICA) varieties combine general stress tolerance from African cultivated rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud) with characteristics associated with high yield from O. sativa. However, little is known about their ability to tolerate P deficiency. Here, we examined the variation for tolerance to P deficiency among the 18 upland NERICAs and their parents in multi-year field experiments. The good performance under P deficiency of the O. glaberrima parent CG 14 and some NERICAs suggested that these tolerant NERICAs contain loci associated with P deficiency tolerance inherited from CG 14. Additionally, four QTL clusters for P deficiency tolerance were detected on chromosomes 4, 6 and 11 using F3 lines derived from the cross between the P deficiency tolerant variety NERICA10 and a Japonica-type sensitive variety 'Hitomebore'. These QTLs represent the first step in identifying stress tolerance genes from O. glaberrima that could subsequently be used to enhance P deficiency tolerance in O. sativa.


External electrical field pretreatment for sulfide flotation that is a new direction of sulfide notation provides a possible method to treat complex sulfides more effectively.The theoretical basis of the method is discussed in terms of intrinsic physical property of sulfides, physic-chemical properties of its surface, oxidation-reduction characteristics of flotation reagents and existence of electrochemistry atmosphere in sulfide flotation pulp.The authors emphasize on the influence of sulfide's semiconductor properties and oxygen in the pulp in this study. The mixed potential mechanism is used to explain three ways to implement extend electric field pretreatment of sulfide flotation in detail.


Objective
To analyze changes in sensitivity of clinical strains of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) to 9 kinds of common antibiotics from 2017 to 2018.

Methods
The results of drug sensitivity testing of clinical Uu strains, which were isolated from 19 431 patients in Laboratory of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) , Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University from 2007 to 2018, were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 19 431 patients, 6 076 were males, and 13 355 were females. Their age ranged from 15 to 68 years. The tested antibiotics included minocycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin.

Results
Resistance rates of clinical Uu strains to minocycline and doxycycline gradually decreased from 10.08% and 10.42% in 2007 to 1.15% and 2.61% in 2018, respectively, while sensitivity rates to minocycline and doxycycline gradually increased from 85.88% and 87.56% in 2007 to 97.02% and 96.42% in 2018, respectively. The resistance rate and sensitivity rate of clinical Uu strains to erythromycin fluctuated greatly during 2014—2017, with the resistance rate fluctuating around 20%, and the sensitivity rate fluctuating around 50%. The resistance rate of clinical Uu strains to azithromycin dropped rapidly from 42.02% in 2007 to 8.39% in 2011, and then fluctuated slightly around 10%. However, the sensitivity rate to azithromycin increased from 8.40% in 2007 to 86.05% in2011, and remained above 80% from then on to 2018. During 2007—2018, Uu strains showed low resistance rates (10%-20%) and high sensitivity rates to clarithromycin (80%-90%) , and the resistance and sensitivity rates to roxithromycin were similar to those to erythromycin. Uu strains showed constantly high resistance to ciprofloxacin (more than 80% after 2013) and low sensitivity (persistently less than 10%) . The sensitivity rate of clinical Uu strains to sparfloxacin fluctuated around 40%, while the resistance rate was maintained below 10% after 2011. The resistance and sensitivity rates of Uu strains to levofloxacin were similar to sparfloxacin, but the sensitivity rate to levofloxacin was relatively lower, which had been maintained at about 30%.

Conclusion
From 2007 to 2018, clinical Uu strains maintained a relatively stable low resistance rate and a high sensitivity rate to minocycline, doxycycline and clarithromycin, a high resistance rate and low sensitivity rate to ciprofloxacin, and a low resistance rate and sensitivity rate to sparfloxacin and levofloxacin; a relatively stable low resistance rate and a high sensitivity rate to azithromycin were achieved only after 2011; the resistance rate and sensitivity rate to erythromycin and roxithromycin fluctuated greatly.

Key words:
Ureaplasma; Microbial sensitivity tests; Anti-bacterial agents; Drug tolerance; Ureaplasma urealyticum


Exercise 3.4 F We introduce a new notion of automata called alternating automata. An alternating automaton is a tuple (Q,Σ, δ, q0, F ) which is similar to the definition of a non-deterministic automaton, except now the finite set of states Q is partitioned into existential and universal states. We say that an existential state q accepts a word w (i.e., w ∈ L(q)) if w = ε and q ∈ F or w = aw′ and there exists a transition (q, a, q′) such that q′ accepts w′. Similarly, we say that a universal state q accepts a word w if w = ε and q ∈ F or w = aw′ and for every transition (q, a, q′) the state q′ accepts w′. The language recognized by an alternating automaton is the set of words accepted by its initial state.


IntroductionClearly, not all young people who 'hang-out' together in groups are involved in deviant activities. Despite this reality, even congregations of socially conforming young people engender public concern and are frequently misconstrued as being troublesome by Police, politicians and the media alike. Indeed, words like 'troublesome youth' that are bandied about by such individuals tend to not only create a public sense of insecurity and concern around youth disorder, but also tend to add to the general public's underlying teenaphobic fear and moral panic around young people (1-2).While the majority of conforming young people congregate together for socialization purposes, there also exists a minority group of young people who associate and assemble together in order to establish a non-conforming reputational identity. This is characteristically achieved by providing public demonstrations of their physical daring and willingness to engage in dangerous, violent and/or criminal acts (3). Moreover, the experience of engaging in antisocial/criminal activities provides the marginalized group with two motivational rewards. First, the thrill of the adrenalin rush to be had from succeeding in achieving an antisocial/criminal act, and second, the sense of security that committing an antisocial/criminal act in the company of like-minded peers provides the perpetrator (4).Non-conforming youth groups of this ilk are defined by the Eurogang Network as being durable street-orientated assemblies of young people whose collective social identity is constructed around criminal offending (1, 5). More recently, researchers have extended this definition by noting that members of non-conforming groups of young people tend to be drawn predominantly from disadvantaged backgrounds and that their identity seeking behaviours and organisational structure tends to be centred round petty and violent crime (4-6). Indeed, high involvement in violent crime among troublesome youth groups is one of the most robust and consistent observations of criminological research.Two such troublesome youth groups, namely, street gangs and graffiti crews have historically been construed as being distinct and operationally dissimilar entities. More recently, however, it has been revealed that graffiti crews display some of the violent attributes of street gangs and that their members engage in some of the criminal activities (e.g., burglary, robbery and vehicle theft) that were formally considered the domain of youth gangs (3-4, 7). The present study sought to examine the similarities between the perspectives of two geographically disparate troublesome youth groups ( youth gangs in Glasgow, Scotland and graffiti crews in Perth, Western Australia) so as to uncover any further commonality in their behaviours.Urban disorderThe dual notions of urban disorder and the congregation of non-conforming groups of young people are comparable to the 'broken windows' theory of urban disorder and crime (8). The point of the argument being that if a building's window is broken and left unrepaired, then other windows will soon be broken as the community interprets the first broken window to be a sign that no-one cares (8). Analogous to this is that unsanctioned congregations of urban youth hanging around streets doing nothing are likely to have their 'doing nothing' interpreted as either 'loitering with intent' or engagement in 'street terror' (9). In turn, the general public perceives that if such groups of young people are allowed to continue their street loitering behaviours, then they will progress towards engagement in violent and/or criminal offending (10). What is interesting in this scenario is that no clear clarification exists as to what constitutes youth violent offending. For instance, some studies limit the classification of violent offending to offences against individuals (e.g., armed robbery, physical/sexual assault & weapons offences), while others include acts of violence against property (e. …


Abstract A computationally efficient and streamlined approach for coding a high-order finite-difference time-domain algorithm on both central and graphical processing units is presented. This objective was achieved through extending the update equations of the convolutional perfectly-matched layer absorbing boundary conditions throughout the numerical domain with appropriate parameter selections. It is demonstrated that the resulting appreciable increase in the floating-point operations count would result in only a negligible loss of overall computational efficiency using either central processing units or graphical processing units. This achievement translates into sizable reductions in code complexity and development costs. Comparative analyses were also presented for the standard finite-difference time-domain method, resulting in an efficient accelerated algorithm that does not degrade with model size reduction.


The aim of the paper is to present the results of analysis of the biblical quotations and borrowings found in the Palaea Historica (9th century) in its second Slavic translation, according mostly to the classification of biblical quotations given by M. Garzaniti (2014). Having its narrative material based on the Octateuch as well as the Books of Samuel , Books of Kings and Books of Chronicles , the Palaea contains a variety of adaptations of the biblical text, which provide evidence for the creative usage of the hypertext (through inter al . summary, contamination of episodes, expansion of details, dramaturgization). Literal quotations from the Old and New Testaments also form an important group of such borrowings. Curiously, a part of these play no narrative role, but rather a structural one, as they summarize the meanings of particular chapters (stories).


The purpose of this research is to study the internationalization process of Finnish-based startups and SMEs in emerging Chinese market. More closely, this study intents to reveal certain characteristics that Finnish-based firms possess in the context of motives and entry mode choices on internationalization. Therefore, this research offers no further explanation on the success or failure of internationalization but offers knowledge about the fundamental foundation which firms use to internationalize. Theoretical framework of this research is based on existing internationalization theories and key concepts regarding international expansion such as entry modes and foreign business culture. Empirical data collection of this research is conducted via qualitative methods in form of a case study within questionnaire and interviews. Primary data consists of 11 case firms without industry-specific limitations. Most of the case firms are newly born and can be addressed as born globals due to their internationalization from inception. Still, there are SMEs with solid domestic market position amongst the case firms. Academic journals, articles and books are observed to provide holistic substance understanding on the research topic. Findings suggest that extant previous experience on international markets decreases the timeembedded resources on internationalization to China. Aspects concerning China seem to condense on personal and business networks which are valued over the contractual agreements. Finnish-based firms motives for market entry are concerned by the market size and business opportunities. Surprisingly, startups and small enterprises tend to enter the market with high-commitment entry modes and in contrast medium-sized firms enter with low-commitment modes. Results of this study provide insight on internationalization as a phenomenon and can be used to evaluate the process of Finnish-based startups and SMEs. Because of the lack of limitations on industry-specific features, findings are useful to address internationalization in general, but sectorwise consideration is to be conducted. This research suggests further studies to concentrate on SMEs and startups as individual research targets. These differ highly on their backgrounds and perceived goals on foreign market entry and therefore should be separated from each other. Additionally, more research is needed to explain the importance on trust-based mutual network over the contractual agreements.


The development of storage rings for synchrotron radiation have now arrived at so‐called third‐generation and have straight sections with optical functions optimized for undulators and electron beams of very small emittances. The beam optics of the ring is chosen so as to minimize the quantum excitation of betatron oscillations which determine the emittance. This can be achieved with a ring containing many cells with a small bending angle and with strong focusing in each cell. The first point results in large and expensive rings and both points require strong sextupole magnets for the chromaticity correction which can limit the dynamic acceptance. The optimization of storage rings with these points in mind lead to lattices which have achromatic cells with two, three, or more bending magnets. Studies for future rings consider further methods like the use of wigglers, combined function magnets, increased transverse damping partitions, etc. in order to obtain even smaller emittances which approach the diffra...


We analyse the dynamics of employment assimilation of first-generation immigrant men in Sweden using a high-quality, register-based panel data set. It is discussed that when there are significant differences between employment status persistence of immigrants and natives, the standard static assimilation model produces biased predictions for the relative labour market outcomes for immigrants. We find significant persistence of employment status which differs between immigrants and natives, and also across immigrant groups. The static assimilation model overestimates (underestimates) the short-run (long-run) marginal assimilation rates. We find 10-15 percentage points lower initial employment probability disadvantage but the years to assimilation are 5-10 years longer compared to the standard static assimilation model.


It has been known for many years that tendon‐attached bone is rough and bump, and that patients with hypophosphatemic rickets (such as DMP1 mutations) develop osteosclerosis in the tendon‐attached area. The goal of this study was to test whether tendon directly forms bone and how hypophosphatemia initiates the onset of osteosclerosis in a Dmp1 KO mouse (a hypophosphatemic rickets model) using cell lineage tracing and multiple imaging techniques.


Cryptography allows a person to encrypt/decrypt the content if s/he has the secret key. Since a key can in itself be inadvertently disclosed, stolen, guessed or computed using various brute force mechanisms, there is a need for adding intelligence to the encryption and decryption process. Context-based content sharing system will allow a person to decrypt content not just based on him/her having the key, but also by considering the contexts associated with the sender and/or the receiver before allowing decryption to proceed. This way, it adds a level of security on top of encryption. In addition to that, failed decryption attempts can be notified to the owner of the encrypted content. This adds more stealth in the system.


The invention relates to a starter device for starting an internal combustion engine consisting of several starters (1) which are connected in parallel and each of which comprises a starter motor (2) and an engaging relay (4). The inventive parallel starting system can be produced in a particularly simple and low-cost manner if at least one starter (1) comprises a power relay (12) which switches a main current circuit (8) to an associated starter motor (2) and if each engaging relay (4), power relay (12) and starter motor (2) are embodied in the form of a structural unit.


Objectives: 1) Describe functional and oncologic outcomes of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer treated with various treatment modalities. 2) Recognize advantages and limitations of different management options for hypopharyngeal cancer. Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed to include all patients with a diagnosis of hypopharyngeal cancer between 1998-2012. The primary outcome measure was overall survival, with secondary outcome measures including disease free survival, feeding tube dependence, and tracheostomy dependence. Tumor stage at presentation and history of previous or subsequent malignancy were also included. Data were grouped by primary treatment modality (surgical vs non-surgical). Kaplan Meier curves were generated. Student's t test and Chi-square test were also used. Results: One hundred and eight patients with hypopharyngeal cancer were included. Patients were 79% male, with an average age of 61.9 years and average follow-up of 36 months. Sixty-four were treated with non-surgical modalities, and 44 were treated with surgery with or without adjuvant therapy. Initial analysis demonstrated more locoregional recurrences in those treated without surgery. Among those patients, loco-regional recurrence occurred in 40% vs 20% of those managed surgically (P = 0.04). Of those patients initially treated non-surgically, 11 (19%) progressed to require total laryngectomy. Long term feeding tube dependence was not significantly different between treatment modalities (34% surgical vs 30% non-surgical, P = 0.62). Conclusions: Hypopharyngeal cancer remains a challenging clinical problem. In early analysis of our data, rates of locoregional recurrence are higher in patients treated non-surgically. There is no difference in long-term feeding-tube dependence.


Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and evaluation of performance measurement systems and also present a framework for the selection of an appropriate performance measurement system for healthcare processes.Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a brief review of the existing performance measurement frameworks. On the basis of review, performance measurement system criteria are identified and accordingly a framework has been proposed for measuring performance in healthcare processes.Findings – The measurement of performance of a healthcare organization is still an unresolved issue. A performance measurement system should be sensitive to changes in the external and internal environment of an organization. The proposed framework measures performance from a multi and interrelated perspective, namely efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility.Practical implications – The study will help the healthcare organization to know how they are performing; it will also help in bench...


The invention relates to a three-dimensional image segmentation method and system. An improved Laplacian-of-Gaussian operator is put forward according to the characteristic of different smoothness of a horizontal plane and a vertical plane during three-dimensional imaging, different from the characteristic of isotropy of traditional Laplacian-of-Gaussian operators, the improved operator has different detection scales for edges on the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, a human body background and hidden hazardous articles in a three-dimensional image can be automatically segmented by the operator, and the hazardous articles can be positioned accurately and quickly.


One of the biggest problems in computer graphics is dis playing huge geometric models in interactive frame rates Such models exceed limits of best graphics workstations A lot of work has been done for achieving the required frame rates in architecture simulation computer aided design CAD and entertainment applications A survey of methods that enable walkthrough of complex graphical environments is presented in this paper Methods that enable walkthrough of complex graphical environments vary from very simple ideas such as using tex ture mapping simple geometric objects to very complex algorithms for level of detail management They can be used together to get combined advantage of each other


Introduces working principle,action process and suitable range of self-driven valve actuators,gives the methods and cautions for reliability design of operating mechanism of the actuators.


Abstract The occurrence of 19 cetacean species along the German North Sea coastline as well as the lower reaches of the major rivers discharging into the German Bight is reviewed for the period 1604–2017 based on records of dead animals, either stranded dead or put to death. The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is considered the most abundant and only native species in German coastal and riverine waters. Based on written sources its presence can be traced back to at least 1651, although with statistical data only available from 1990. Finds of further 18 species have been documented: white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), killer whale (Orcinus orca), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), narwhal (Monodon monoceros), Sowerby's beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens), northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). This review corrects several false species assignments earlier introduced in literature based on incorrect scientific or ambiguous German vernacular names and recovers lost records of beluga whale, northern bottlenose whale, sperm whale and fin whale.


ABSTRACT The brown algal genus Zonaria (Dictyotales: Dictyotaceae) is widely distributed in temperate waters. Two species, Zonaria turneriana J.Agardh and Zonaria aureomarginata J.A. Phillips & W.A. Nelson have previously been recorded from mainland New Zealand, and a third species, Zonaria diesingiana, has been recorded from the Kermadec Islands. As part of an ongoing study of the order Dictyotales in New Zealand, we have identified an undescribed species of Zonaria present on Stewart Island in southern New Zealand. The new species, described here as Zonaria cryptica, is very similar in external morphology to Z. turneriana, also found on Stewart Island, but differs both genetically and anatomically from Z. turneriana and from other previously described species in the genus. We present a description of the new species based on morphological and anatomical observations, as well as on DNA sequence data from three plastid markers: psaA, psbA and rbcL. Our analysis also indicates the presence of some biogeographic structuring within Z. turneriana and Z. aureomarginata.


 This talk examines how extensions of Correspondence Theory (McCarthy & Prince [M&P] 1995) can be used to explain a class of misapplication effects arising in reduplication and copy epenthesis.  Phenomenon of interest: exceptional patterning in the assignment of phonological properties relating to prominence (i.e. unexpected patterns of stress, pitch, length).  We argue that, to explain these effects, the phonological grammar must have the properties in (1):


The financial tensions and demanding investment criteria being applied to road maintenance in New Zealand make it difficult to justify investment in pavement replacement based on economic analysis of user benefits. As a result, there has been: (a) A notable increase in the average life of pavements (b) More resurfacing treatments applied over the life cycle of the pavement (c) Challenges in determining what the "do minimum" treat is, and (d) Heightened awareness of the safety features New pavement maintenance techniques, which are based on top surface layer recycling and have been developed in response to these maintenance issues, are discussed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E135448.


We demonstrate a method of synthesizing K 2 SiF 6 :Mn 4+ red phosphor by wet chemical etching. The starting materials used are silica glasses (fused quartz, borosilicate, and soda-lime glasses). The red phosphor emitting at λ ∼ 630 nm is synthesized by inserting the silica glasses into a HF/KMnO 4 solution at room temperature. The photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy show no clear difference in the spectral feature between the glass-synthesized phosphor and the single-crystalline Si wafers.


Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal mushroom with a variety of biological activities. It has reported to have strong anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EBV+ gastric carcinoma is one of the most common EBV-associated cancers that were caused by latent EBV infection. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of ethanol extract of I. obliquus using in vivo xenograft animal models implanted with EBV+ human gastric carcinoma (SNU719). We also explored the molecular mechanisms responsible for its anti-cancer activity. The result indicated that the extract of I. obliquus had an anti-cancer effect in in vivo xenograft mice with EBV+ gastric carcinoma (SNU719). Extract of I. obliquus also showed a great effect on inducing the expression of p53, p21 and Bax in tumor tissue derived from EBV+ human gastric carcinoma, and these were correlated with increased expressions of the cleaved forms of caspase-9 and Parp. Also, I. obliquus attenuated the expression of viral proteins, BZLF-1 and LMP-2 in tumor tissue from EBV+ human gastric carcinoma.


Comparative hydrogenation of benzene and toluene in ethanol under hydrogen pressure on rhodium and gold supported on synthetic amorphous aluminosilicate (ASA, trade name is siral-40) with a developed surface area prepared by two methods: impregnation by using the incipient wetness technique and colloidal method. Moreover, the catalysts were prepared by impregnation in two versions: co-impregnation and sequential impregnation of rhodium and gold salts. The catalysts are characterized by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) methods. It is shown that the catalysts prepared by impregnation according to the incipient wetness technique were the most acceptable for selective hydrogenation of benzene. The activity of the catalyst depends on the amount of rhodium on the surface of the available surface for the activation of benzene and toluene. On catalysts prepared by the colloidal method, the active metal rhodium goes inside the pores, and gold on the surface, so the activity is low, while on catalysts prepared by impregnation, the amount of rhodium on the surface is close to the theoretically possible amount. The selectivity of benzene hydrogenation in the presence of toluene on this catalyst is 84%.


The structure and magnetic properties of double azido-bridged CuII binuclear complex 1 with the chelating chiral ligand (S,S)-2,2′-isopropylidenebis(4-phenyl-2-oxazoline) were analyzed by combining experimental and theoretical techniques. The CuII ions adopt a square pyramidal geometry with different degrees of distortion, whereas the two end-on azido bridges disposed at the equatorial positions exhibit significantly different Cu–N–Cu angles, 110.6 and 97.3°, which are respectively smaller and larger than the critical 108° value distinguishing the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic regimes. The asymmetry in 1 arises from the use of the bulky asymmetric ligand, giving rise to two different magnetic pathways between the CuII ions. The magnetic pathway along the large Cu–N–Cu angle value dominates over the small one, resulting in a net antiferromagnetic behavior with J = –78.6 cm–1. On the basis of wavefunction calculations, we investigate the exchange interactions in synthetic compound 1 and fictitious analogs 2 and 3 holding either two large (i.e., 110.6°) or two small (i.e., 97.3°) Cu–N–Cu angles. The calculated exchange interaction in 1(–104 cm–1) is in relatively good agreement with the experimental value and corresponds precisely to the average between the antiferromagnetic value in 2 (–218 cm–1) and the ferromagnetic one in 3 (21 cm–1). The significant enhancement in the antiferromagnetic contribution accompanying the expansion of one of the Cu–N–Cu bridging angles is undoubtedly the driving force for the observed antiferromagnetic behavior in 1. The control of the local metal environments allowed us to monitor the exchange coupling interactions. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)


Paramagnetic centers in hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon, mc-Si:H have been studied using dark and light-induced electron-spin resonance ~ESR!. In dark ESR measurements only one center is observed. The g values obtained empirically from powder-pattern line-shape simulations are gi52.0096 and g'52.0031. We suggest that this center may be due to defects in the crystalline phase. During illumination at low temperatures, an additional ESR signal appears. This signal is best described by two powder patterns indicating the presence of two centers. One center is asymmetric (gi51.999, g'51.996), while the other is characterized by large, unresolved broadening such that unique g values cannot be obtained. The average g value for this center is 1.998. The light-induced signal, which we interpret as coming from carriers trapped in the band tails at the crystalline grain boundaries, remains for at least several minutes after the light is turned off. Although the time scales of the decay curves are very different for two samples prepared by different techniques, both decays can be fitted using the assumption of recombination due to distant pairs of electrons and holes trapped in localized band-tail states.


: The structure of expanded graphite was studied by using SEM. A full structure model of expanded graphite was proposed, and formation mechanism and affective factors were discussed. A four- grade pore structure model was brought forward for the first time, while all the previous structure models were evaluated. This model is of great use to the research on liquid- phase adsorption mechanism of expanded graphite.


Almost every private high educational institution (HEI) needs money and is in a constant search of finding resources needed for its activities. Besides funding diverse activities that are a part of HEI's work, financial support is also needed for potential or existing educational programs development, especially its research work. Private HEI market is modern and growing market in Croatia, and through its' development needs modern sources of funding. At this market, it is extremely important to attract the higher number of quality candidates, to organize quality and prosperous lectures, and to invest in faculty development. Unfortunately private HEI in Croatia are often facing a nonexistence of sufficient funding for its basic activities. Often, revenue from tuition fees is not sufficient to develop any additional activities. With regard to the private higher education development, most private HEI in developing countries are currently in the middle of following the best practices model within business schools in the United States. Imitating those best practices begins in imitation of financing, and implementation of US customary way of financing from external sources – fundraising. Through this paper, fundraising will be presented as an option of funding HEI, its underlying assumptions and forms. Its basic success determinants will be presented as a HEI financing model in United States through its practice, and based on research it will be shown that a potential of fundraising in private HEI in Croatia exists.


Gypsum cyclone is an important equipment of wet flue gas desulfurization system(WFGD) in power plant and air core is a special phenomenon in it.Instability of air core may cause some problems,such as waste of energy,unsteady flow,and lower separation efficiency.A new conical central solid rod was designed aiming at eliminating air core and improving the performance of gypsum cyclone.Experiments were carried out in order to have further understanding of the negative influence by air core.At the same time,the performance of different gypsum cyclones with central rod,including production capacity,concentration of underflow,solid content in underflow and particle size distribution was measured and compared,and the effects on above-mentioned parameters by different inlet pressures were investigated.By inserting a conical central rod,production and solid content in underflow could be increased by 18% and 22% respectively.The adaptability to fluctuating inlet pressure could be improved obviously,and the amount of fine particles in underflow was effectively reduced.


many important questions unanswered: What was the nature of the CUP organization in Macedonia prior to the revolution? If Salonika was the chief headquarters of the revolutionary movement in July 1908, why was it the last town to join the revolution and proclaim the constitution ? How did the success of the revolution change the size and power of the CUP? Ahmad refers to the existence of factions within the CUP, declares that the organization was strong in the provinces but weak in Istanbul, and notes that the CUP was quite successful in manipulating public opinion for its own purposes, but he provides little evidence to substantiate these assertions. Ahmad bases his conclusions on research in Turkish, French and English sources. He has broken new ground in his investigation of British diplomatic reports and papers in the archives of the Public Records Office. The evidence here suggests that Britain was deeply engaged in supporting political factions opposed to the CUP. Ahmad might usefully have provided his assessment of the character and prejudices of such British correspondents as the Ambassador, Sir Gerald Lowther (not Sir Gerard, as in the text), and the Chief Dragoman, Mr Fitzmaurice. The dispatches of these and other men are cited as evidence throughout the study, and a brief assessment of their differing points of view would have added an important dimension to their testimony. The biographical appendix contains Ottomans only.


In this paper, the groundwork on jamming effect and its alleviation mechanisms in free space optical (FSO) communication are studied over Gamma-Gamma (GG) fading channels along with the pointing error (PE) effects. A closed-form expression of the bit error rate (BER) is evaluated analytically for a single-input single-output (SISO) FSO system in the presence of jammer. The worst case jamming condition for maximization of error is calculated numerically. The jammer channel is considered to be GG distributed. Being the most dominating noise, the jamming signal is acted as the only noise source in the considered FSO set-up. Therefore, this study is performed over additive GG noise channel. The error performances are investigated for different atmospheric turbulence (AT) regimes (weak to strong) and for different PE parameters of jamming noise. Moreover, to combat the jamming effect, a multiple-input single-output (MISO) FSO system is considered. A closed-form expression of the BER of the multiple transmit channels over the GG noise is analytically calculated. The analytical results for both SISO and MISO FSO systems are verified with the help of the simulation results obtained by MATLAB software. It is established that MISO FSO performs better than SISO FSO system in terms of BER performance under the influence of jamming noise. Furthermore, many important observations are made upon the BER performances for different AT and PE parameters for SISO and MISO FSO systems.


The chapter gives an overview about the use of Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR) for trainee in company. In this vein, the case of BOSCH company is summarized. The chapter provides insights about the use of these technologies in Bosch company. Future research directions and conclusions are presented. In the future, AR will have transformational impact on Humans in the Digital World. The augmentation of human mind and human perception with digital tools will lead to have transformational impact on humankind. New applications will be provided for: Maintenance & Production Training, Remote Support (expert), Real-time machine/equipment status, & monitoring with failure analysis using an OPC unified architecture. Also, Product development (preview products before development), Production line simulation (preview production lines work steps before industrialization phase), and creation of collaborative classrooms.


WITHY, Katherine. Heidegger on Being Uncanny. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2015. 250 pp. Cloth, $45.00--Martin Heidegger is arguably the twentieth century's most influential philosopher and almost certainly its most controversial. Thus, any rigorous study of an overlooked Heideggerian theme would seem to have a self-evident claim on scholarly attention. Katherine Withy's new book, Heidegger on Being Uncanny, certainly assumes so. It offers a detailed analysis of the existential category of uncanniness (Unheimlichkeit), a topic that, though a "minor and irregular theme" in Heidegger's corpus, affords wide-ranging perspective on the nature of Dasein, Heidegger's term of art for human existence. As Withy shows, Heidegger's "uncanny" is not primarily a passing feeling as it was for analysts such Sigmund Freud. Instead, it is the essential way of being proper to humans, who alone inquire into the nature of their existence. Withy distinguishes between uncanniness (or angst, as Heidegger also calls it) as (1) a transitory emotion and (2) an "originary" structure of human existence--a basic component, or existentiell, of man's being in the world. The former reveals the latter, on which it is predicated. Withy expounds her analysis in five chapters. The first surveys thinkers who treat the uncanny as an ephemeral mood, from the little-known Ernst Jentsch to giants like Camus and Freud, whose concept remains a touchstone. Chapter two lays out the Heideggerian formula that uncanny moods reveal Dasein's uncanny being. Chapters three and four use Heidegger's retelling of Sophocles' first choral ode from Antigone to parse the existential facets of "originary angst." By their essential nature, humans try to lay bare a world that is always concealing itself. To see an object clearly, for example, we must allow the backdrop to recede into periphery; each revelation of being is thus accompanied by a simultaneous disappearance. As a result, we make our home in the ontic world of things even as we feel perpetually homeless due to the loss of a more plentiful abode. In the throes of angst, we become aware of this uncanny paradox of our being. In chapter five, Withy presents "falling transcendence"--our paradoxical and ultimately impossible effort to rise above the entrapment in things--as an intrinsic feature of the human polis. Here, the "polis" stands not for politics in a conventional sense, but for the human quest to rise above worldly bonds. …


In this study, rice husk in raw, ground and expanded forms were blended with polyethylene to manufacture composites with 15, 30, 40 and 50 wt% particulate loading. The blends were compounded in a co-rotating twin screw extruder followed by injection moulding into appropriate test specimens. Mechanical (tensile, flexural and Charpy impact properties) and physical (including water absorption and the corresponding thickness swelling) testing of the manufactured composites were conducted to evaluate the materials performance. The results show that, at each of the different particle loadings, the tensile strength of expanded rice husk composites was better than those of raw and ground rice husk composites, whereas tensile modulus, flexural properties (strength and modulus) and Charpy impact strength of all the composites were almost the same with raw rice husk composites slightly edging ahead of the rest. Water absorption and the corresponding thickness swelling of raw and ground rice husk composites were comparable but better than those of expanded rice husk composites. The results affirm that rice husk can be used as a reinforcement/filler in manufacturing of thermoplastic composites for potential applications such as furniture, pallets and crates.


The electrical and dielectric properties of wet, bovine, compact bone were determined in three orthogonal planes, using a differential technique, for a frequency range of 1 kHz-l MHz. For axial specimens, at 10 kHz, the specific resistance, specific capacitance, and specific impedance were 16.6 k¿/cm, 60.9 pF. cm-1 and 16.59/¿3.65°k¿·cm, respectively. Similarly, the dielectric properties, namely the relative dielectric constant, relative dielectric loss factor and dielectric dissipation factor were 688, 10.8 ×103, and 15.7, respectively. The electrical properties were found to be highly dependent on the frequency and the moisture content of bone. The bone was also found to be highly anisotropic in its electrical behavior, the impedance being lowest in the axial direction. It is shown that the differential method provides an accurate means of measuring the electrical properties of bone, avoiding stray capacitance errors.


2010 Shanghai World Expo will be "Better City, to make life better" as the theme, which includes five sub-themes: urban and economic development of the relationship between、cities and sustainable development of relations, urban and rural interaction between, urban and high-tech development of relations, urban and multicultural development. Its meaning is to require more livable environment, better quality of life, this is the dream of mankind in the new century. This article focuses on people-centered concept, a true understanding of human hope and desire of the prospects for urban development. Learn from the World Expo, looking back at the Chinese architectural development, we will find that China is its unprecedented pace of development and the influence and role in the world political economy and international affairs, deeply attracted worldwide attention. Only adapt to the needs of the Chinese social and economic development, according to China's development resources and environmental conditions in order to build green, ecological architecture, Chinese architecture may go down the road of sustainable development. Thus clear, Expo will not only bring a new concept of the Chinese people for building development, and also sublimation of the peace and development, mutual promotion and common progress, this is based on the eternal theme of the whole world.