The properties of an atomic lubricant confined between two approaching solids are investigated by a model that accounts for the curvature and elastic properties of the solid surfaces. Well defined atomic layers develop in the lubricant film when the width of the film is of the order of a few atomic diameters. An external squeezing-pressure induces discontinuous, thermally activated changes in the number n of lubricant layers. The precise mechanism for these layering transitions depends on n, and on the lubricant-surface pinning barriers. Thus, in the absence of sliding, unpinned or weakly pinned incommensurate lubricant layers give rise to fast and complete layering transitions. Strongly pinned incommensurate and commensurate layers give rise to sluggish and incomplete transformations, resulting in trapped islands. In particular, for commensurate layers it is often not possible to squeeze out the last few lubricant layers. However, lateral sliding of the two solid surfaces breaks down the pinned structures, greatly enhancing the rate of the layering transitions. In the case of sliding, an important parameter is the barrier for sliding one lubricant layer with respect to the others. When this barrier is larger than the lubricant-surface pinning barrier, the lubricant film tends to move like a rigid body with respect to the solid surface. In the opposite case, slip events may occur both within the lubricant film and at the lubricant–solid interface, making the squeeze-out process much more complex. In some of the simulations we observe an intermediate phase, forming immediately before the layering transition. This transient structure has a lower 2D density than the initial phase, and allows the system to release elastic energy, which is the driving force for the phase transformation.


In recent years, there have been a variety of learning methods applied to single image super-resolution problems (SISR). Generative adversarial network (GAN) for image super-resolution which can infer photo-realistic natural images for 4× upscaling factors has been proposed. Images generated from SRGAN have sharper details, but some texture will be distorted and deformed. In this situation, the image looks unsatisfactory. In order to generate clearer, more eye-catching picture, we improved the SRGAN network. We proposed a encoder block in the generator to extract more crucial features. In this condition, we can generate more clear and natural image.


The ancient meteoritic components are considered, taking into account the significance of high siderophile abundances in highland rocks. Because this component occurs in breccias which have remained closed systems for at least 3.9 aeons, it can properly be called an ancient meteoritic component. It appears that the ancient meteoritic bodies represent a distinct population, different from present-day meteorites. Attention is given to the assignment of the lunar meteorite groups to individual basins and to the origin of basin-forming objects.


This research arises from the interest of improving the present situation of urban edges in the peripheral areas of the city where habitat deterioration observed a large deficit in urban infrastructure, road infrastructure and environmental pollution, with high rates of illiteracy, extreme poverty, unemployment and crime. To reach an urban and architectural proposal consider identifying main activities in the area, the analysis of the context and the lack of urban infrastructure in the suburbs of the city. Through this preliminary analysis we develop urban strategies for the recovery of the territory and the strengthening of human activity by restructuring the territory and the incorporation of centrality interconnected through networks of public space. Within these centralities is considered the design of a Community Centre for Social Development (CCSD) seeking development and social integration of the community in areas of education, culture, community service, recreation and sport sector 10 in the La Victoria District.


Objective:The main purpose of the study is to investigate the radiological characteristics of atypical pulmonary tuberculosis,so as to improve the correct diagnosis of the disease.Methods:Atypical radiological changes of chest X-ray in 41 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analysed retrospectively.Results:Pulmonary consolidation occurred in 7 of 41 patients,while 9 patients had obstructive pneumonia-like tuberculosis.10 of 41 patients possessed tuberculosis in mediastinal lymphatic gland,and blood-originated tuberculosis appeared in another 3 patients.With 7 patients having massive tuberculosis in the lung tissues,the last 5 patients were afflected by pulmonary atelectasis resulted from tuberculosis.Conclusion:The chest X-ray of patients with atypical pulmonary tuberculosis may be miscellaneous,and the radiologist have to be boosted to have an intimate knowledge of these X-ray signs.


Dystrophic calcifications are pathological mineral precipitates which occur in degenerative or dead tissue, despite normal serum calcium and phosphate levels, mostly seen in subcutaneous tissues secondary to infection or trauma. Chronic inflammation of the tonsils may lead to the formation of calcifications called tonsilloliths. The prevalence amongst the population is 2% to 16%, in age groups ranging from 10 years to 77 years of age, with a male/female ratio of 1:1. These calcifications display radiopaque images that are single or multiple, round or irregular, unilateral or bilateral and are superimposed upon the mandibular ramus. Computed tomography (CT) can be the investigation of choice for definitive diagnosis. The treatment of tonsilloliths is dependent on the size and presence of symptoms. It's preferable to remove a single, large tonsillolith, as they can cause recurrent episodes of tonsillitis. Usually manual compression, curettage or a simple incision to release the calcified body should suffice for the relief. In case of numerous tonsilloliths, an attempt to remove them individually is not a feasible approach. Hence, bilateral tonsillectomy is opted.


Lean and Six Sigma methodologies play an important role in the quality and cost driven world with high competition. In this paper, we develop a unique decision support system that utilizes a multi-objective formulation for project portfolio selection problem in manufacturing companies. The model can be used to effectively implement Lean and Six Sigma concepts. An industrial case study that utilizes this model for implementing the Lean and Six Sigma initiatives is also presented.


The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of transformational leadership and job satisfaction toward innovative behaviour among nurses of public hospitals. Based on a previous study, transformational leadership is an important antecedent of innovative behaviour. Only several studies have been conducted on the influence of transformational leadership onto innovative behaviour among nurses. The sample of this study is 320 nurses from nine general hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia. This study employs simple random sampling and it is quantitative in nature. Data was collected through a survey conducted. Structural equation modelling (SEM) through AMOS version 25 was utilised to analyse the analyse data. Findings reveal that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and innovative behaviour. Thus, nurse leaders need to employ a transformational leadership style which encourages nurses to focus on innovation besides helping nurses to adapt to changes. It is believed that nurses who are satisfied with the job may exhibit innovative behaviour.


This paper describes the crystal stability of α‐rhombohedral and β‐rhombohedral boron. Our study includes structural optimization, pressure dependence and phonon calculation, which are followed by thermodynamic considerations. The properties at the zero temperature are discussed, so that α‐boron is stable in terms of the electronic structure at zero temperature and phonon contribution. As temperature is increased, the effect of the phonon contribution tends to relatively lower the thermodynamic potential of β‐boron. Furthermore the diluted phase (β‐boron) is thermodynamically more stable than the dense phase (α‐boron) at high temperatures through the volume contribution to the enthalpy.


Zeolite is an excellent water treatment agent, packing for the artificial wetland. Will have broad application prospects in the field of water treatment, the data showed that zeolite adsorption of ammonia nitrogen amount is larger, but phosphorus adsorption in water quantity is small, this undoubtedly denitrification and phosphorus removal for wastewater caused great limit. Therefore, the modification research of zeolite are valuable. Salt modification method is determined, by using MgCl2 and AlCl3 solution soaking, high temperature calcination method by certain proportion of zeolite was modified to improve its adsorption of phosphorus removal performance. Through the contrast test alone, finally determine the zeolite: MgCl2: the mass ratio of 3:1:1 AlCl3 as the optimal conditions. Conform to the Langmuir and Frenundlich isothermal equation as a result, under the condition of the experiment, the modified zeolite adsorption of phosphorus were 1.1924 mg/g, 9.54 times that of 0.125 mg/g before modification. The experimental results show that the method of modified zeolite adsorption quantity of phosphorus increased significantly, the effect is good, is applied to the artificial wetland and other water treatment method is more in the promotion value.


1 Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 3 Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 4 Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America


Abstract The collision, coalescence and breakup of single raindrop pairs were studied at terminal velocities and laboratory pressure (100 kPa) in 761 collision experiments (out of 14 000 attempts). Six size combinations were used with drop pair diameters of [0.18;.0.0395 cm], [0.40; 0.0395 cm], [0.44; 0.0395 cm], [0.18; 0.0715 cm], [0.18; 0.10 cm] and [0.30; 0.10 cm]. For averaging purposes the experiments were repeated over one hundred times for each pair. The new coalescence efficiencies and fragment size distributions in breakup turned out to be consistent with those of McTaggart-Cowan and List (1975b) and permitted the combination of the two data sets into a single data bank spanning essentially the entire range of raindrop sizes. The analysis addressed three main geometric shapes formed by the drops after initial contact, namely, filaments, sheets and disks, and the fragment size distributions after breakup. Significant collisional growth, i.e., coalescence, occurred only when drops <0.06 cm in diame...


Sir,-The connection of bladder cancer with exposure to certain aromatic amines was first noticed in workers in the magenta dye industry in 1895.' Since that time, prime agents have been identified among groups of polycyclic aromatic amines that have been used particularly in the manufacture of synthetic dyes. One of these groups is based on biphenyl; an example is benzidine (4,4' diaminobiphenyl).


The flagship of the Soviet oceanographic fleet docked near Washington, D.C., July 6 carrying two cargos, a boatload of Soviet scientists and two of five deep-diving submersibles in the world.

The submersibles have just completed missions that took them into a 5-km-deep trough in the Atlantic Ocean northwest of Portugal with U.S. and Canadian scientists June 21–22 and to the ocean bottom off Norway to survey damage to a Soviet navy nuclear submarine that burned and sank there earlier this year. The Soviet marine geologists are in Washington for the quadrennial meeting of the International Geological Congress, which runs through July 19.


Objective To investigate the clinical significance of LM R,nm23 expressions in different bladder carcinoma tissues.Methods The expression of LM R,nm23 were assayed by S P immunohistochemical method in 65 cases of bladder transitional cell cancer(BTCC) and in 19 cases of bladder notransitional cell cancer(BNTCC).Results The expression rate of LM R was 32.3%(21/65) in BTCC,lower than that(73.7%) in BNTCC,while the nm23 expression rate of 60.0%(39/65) in BTCC was higher than that of 21.1%(4/19) in BNTCC.Both groups had significant difference( P 0.05).Moreover,those patients with higher LM R and lower nm23 expressions had bad prognosis.Conclusion In bladder cancer,infiltrative and metastasis ability of BNTCC is superior to that of BTCC(LM R lower expression and nm23 higher expression).So LM R and nm23 expressions in bladder carcinoma tissue may act as the additional prognostic parameters.


The world is facing an energy crisis due to globalization and the depletion of conventional energy sources. Fossil fuels are the primary energy source used to fulfill the energy demands in industries, transportation, and residential sectors. The industrial sector consumes one third of the world's total energy, and around 50% of the energy is eventually wasted as heat. The textile industry is one of the most energy-intensive sectors. Therefore, a lot of research has been conducted on the reduction of energy costs and associated environmental effects. The main reason for energy inefficiency is the generation of waste heat and its utilization being ignored in the developing countries. The purpose of this research is to conduct a quantitative analysis of waste heat recovery from onsite electrical power generators in a textile mill. The investigated results indicate that an annual energy saving of 90,741 MWh and 10,936 MWh can be achieved with the installation of waste heat recovery boilers and economizers at the exhaust gases ducts of internal combustion engines, respectively. Utilization of the hot water from an engine's jacket was estimated to save 30,095 MWh of energy annually. The recovered waste heat energy can be utilized in the processing unit and in the chiller section within the textile facility. The total energy saving is 131,772 MWh with a reduction of 52,708.8 tons in CO2 emissions.


As a banner of the twentieth Century painting history of China, Pan Tianshou is a research hotspot in the field of contemporary China painting.The numbers of the articles about his ink painting research, art education research, seal cutting and painting research is more than 100.These articles analysis comprehensive of Pan Tianshou's research,including all aspects of Mr Pan's artistic achievement, personality, ideas. But there are still some deficiencise in the research on Pan Tianshou. We should deserve our attention on doping excessive personal view and lack of context of times problems on the research on Pan Tianshou.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: The Zika virus is an arbovirus, RNA flavivirus, from the flaviviridae
family, which was first selected in 1947 in Uganda. In Brazil, cases of exanthematic
disease without definite cause in the Northeastern region of the country occurred in
2015, and there was an increase in the number of cases of neonatal microcephaly,
possibly related to the Zika virus, which increased significantly in the Brazil, emerging
as a global health problem. Objective: To study the possible association between
Zika virus infection in pregnant women and the occurrence of microcephaly in
newborns; To identify the size of the effect of Zika virus infection in pregnant women
on the occurrence of microcephaly in newborns; To analyze the quality and strength
of the evidence on this possible association. Methods: A systematic review was
conducted followed by meta-analysis of observational studies. The research was
carried out in the bibliographic databases of PubMed / Medline, Latin American and
Caribbean health literature, DeCS, MeSH, Google academic. We included all studies
that aimed to evaluate the association between Zika virus and microcephaly, using
an analytical design (with control group), in cross-sectional, case-control or cohort
studies. For data extraction, a form was used to tabulate the characteristics of the
studies. The risk of bias for each study was assessed through an instrument for
assessing the quality of studies specific to observational studies. All analyzes were
performed using Review Manager, version 5.3.5 (The Cochrane Collaboration,
Copenhagen, 2014). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed based on the Cochran Q
test P value and the inconsistency index (I2). Forest plots and funnel plots were also
evaluated. The associations were estimated by Relative Risk (RR) and Risk
Difference (DR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in a randomeffects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 155 papers were identified, of which only
six met the inclusion criteria of this meta-analysis, but only five had individual data
that could be summarized to the extent of a weighted effect. It was estimated that
Zika virus infection during pregnancy increased 3.26 times the risk of microcephaly in
infants (RR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.68-6.33). The DR was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.04-0.56),
indicating that 30 cases of microcephaly in 100 could be avoided if they were not
exposed to Zika virus infection. The studies showed heterogeneity (I2 = 76%), which
decreased when we performed subgroup analyzes according to the sample size of
the studies. In all analyzes the association remains significant. Evidence indicates
that Zika virus infection during pregnancy increases the risk of developing congenital
microcephaly by 226%.


In this paper, we present an enhanced mobile backbone network topology synthesis algorithm for constructing and maintaining a dynamic backbone structure in mobile wireless ad hoc networks. The scalability and efficiency of backbone-based routing in ad hoc networks depend on the overhead introduced by the formation of a connected backbone network and the size of the backbone network. We prove that the algorithm presented in this paper has time complexity of the order of 0(1), and yields a communication overhead factor of the order of 0(1) per node. Two rules are introduced for regulating the election of backbone nodes that are shown to enable an asynchronous, distributed and stable operation of the algorithm


Introduction : Type 1 diabetes impairs Ca 2+ handling in many tissues such as cardiac muscle, platelets, kidney and liver. In skeletal muscle, the diabetic state increases resting intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) levels and induces activity of Ca 2+ -dependent proteolytic pathways. In skeletal muscle, dysfunctional contractile activity has been linked to impaired [Ca 2+ ] i regulation. Muscle force production is impaired and fatigability and muscle fragility deteriorate with diabetes. Recently, we succeeded in measuring in vivo [Ca 2+ ] i within the mixed fiber-type rat spinotrapezius muscle 1) following contractions. In this preparation, intramyocyte injection of a high [Ca 2+ ] bolus revealed a depressed Ca 2+ buffering capability in diabetes which corresponded with the elevated post-contraction [Ca 2+ ] i2) . Unfortunately, that preparation did not permit resolution of between fiber type effects on the profile of [Ca 2+ ] i following contraction in Type 1 diabetes which remain to be resolved. We tested the hypotheses that: 1. The rise in resting [Ca 2+ ] i evident in diabetic rat slow-twitch muscle would be exacerbated in fast-twitch muscle following contraction. 2. These elevated [Ca 2+ ] i levels would relate to derangement of microvascular O 2 pressures (PmvO 2 ) rather than sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) dysfunction per se. Methods : Adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into diabetic (DIA: Streptozotocin i.p.) and healthy (CONT) groups. Four weeks later extensor digitorum longus (EDL, predominately type II fibers) and soleus (SOL, predominately


Shore-based radars are the key element of vessel traffic management systems, such as the VTS. To present a true visualisation of the environment and location of radar-detected targets, a radar image needs appropriate calibration. The image itself may be subject to various distortions, including systemic ones. This paper presents a study of usefulness of various georeferencing methods in the determination of radar image distortions and assessment of the accuracy of surveillance radar image overlay.


Trust prediction is gaining significant interest since it could reduce the burden of user decision-makings effectively in various social activities. Existing works on trust prediction mainly based on trust networks, however, usually give little consideration to data sparsity and temporal continuity of user behavior. In order to solve these problems, we propose a comprehensive deep MemTrust model for trust prediction. With this model, we introduce a embedding layer to extend the feature space and alleviate the distinctive information oblivion caused by data sparsity. In addition, Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) network is utilized to extract overall time series features through the multiple time slices of user features. Finally, the trust is estimated by pairwise time series features of users. Extensive experiments are validated on two real datasets, which demonstrate that the proposed model has superior performance compared with representative baseline approaches.


In March 2020, as the coronavirus pandemic spread throughout the United States, Americans bought nearly 2 million guns — the second highest monthly total in the decades since such records have been...


Neutron viscosity is investigated as a possible mechanism for the dissipation of kinetic energy into luminosity in the innermost parts of accretion disks around compact objects. Simplified models are presented of the self-consistent, steady-state accretion flows in which viscosity is provided by neutron collisions with accreting ions. Ion temperatures are determined by balancing the heating of ions by viscous dissipation to their cooling by Coulomb collisions with the electrons, providing a self-consistent solution between neutron production and their impact on energy dissipation. The results indicate that neutrons can indeed provide the necessary dissipation to sustain the steady-state accretion of matter at rates of about 10 to the -8th solar mass/yr or less, and electron temperatures of about 100 keV-1 MeV. Neutrons thus present a promising way of modeling bright Galactic X-ray sources. 18 refs.


In wireless multihop networks, cooperation is of utmost importance to ensure the success of communication. However, due to limited resources especially energy, nodes may be compelled to adopt selfish behaviour by not forwarding packets for other nodes. Selfishness is a very subjective element to be measured because it is hard to determine whether or not a particular node's behaviour is intentional or a consequence of the environment. Most, if not all, published work assumed that this behaviour can be assessed but do not explicitly describe how selfishness is measured or quantified. In this paper, we propose a method to quantify a node's behaviour in forwarding packets for other nodes from the perspective of a single observer node (i.e. first-hand observation) and provide quantifiable metrics to represent the node's actual effort. We show that by using the proposed method, we are able to classify several types of selfishness and fairness behaviour.


Objective: Solve the problem that was the low extract accuracy of existing target extraction algorithm. Methods: Proposes an adaptive object extraction algorithm based on energy functional. Article algorithm was defined the average item and the contour curve for the energy functional, which combining with the probability graph and differential geometry. At final, we would be getting the adaptive energy functional. Results: Article algorithm can effectively extract the target contour. And it is not affected by the background signal. Conclusion: From the contour detection experiments and algorithms comparative experiments, we can see that the algorithm can accurately extract the desired signal. Simultaneously, it can maintain a higher visual for the target.


The river hydropower station, with a total capacity of 75.62 million m3, the total installed capacity of 25.0 MW,for Ⅲ medium-sized projects, etc. The largest dam, height of 96m, for the three buildings. It oper- ated normally from July 2005 to August 2006, proof that the design is successful,has a certain reference value.


This paper describes a computer-based modelling, simulation, and validation effort to aid in the development, testing, and design improvement of a prototype car-carrier structure. In this research, a finite-element model of a prototype car-carrier structure was developed and numerical computations were conducted using LS-DYNA to investigate the stress/strain distribution within the carrier structure when negotiating a typical speed bump. The model was compared with experimental results taken from tests using a truck car-carrier of similar configuration to the trailer investigated in this research. Local and global geometric modifications were made to minimise lateral structural deflections and stress and strain concentrations.


This chapter provides an overview of SDSS (Spatial Decision Support System) by differentiating them from geographical information systems (GIS) and examining the types of problem to which they can be applied, the decision-making processes they support, typical system designs, and a framework for their implementation and evolution during the decision research process. It begins with an example of a DSS that illustrates the nature of the problem which SDSS must address. The characteristics of geoprocessing systems in general are then reviewed. Following this, a framework and an architecture for SDSS are presented. Finally, some brief conclusions are offered. -from Author


With the rapid progress of higher education,law-suit issues between students and colleges becomes an increasing reality which appeals a legal control by making clear their relationships on a correct deal of the law-suit issues and also by making use of relevant laws and regulations according to different issues caused by different management behaviors.


Zhou Libo's novel that was created at Yiyang taking his hometown as the background of novel-making material was not the novel with the general sense of the countryside as the theme before the Culture Revolution period,but it was full of the native land feature and the different particulars of the local novel of the contemporary literature development.These works of his novel continued the creative tradition of the Chinese native novel in the period before the Culture Revolution,which was of the important significance of inheriting the past and ushering in the future.


Li metal experiences significant morphological changes during operation, resulting in rapid electrochemical performance degradation. In this study, a traditional balloon trick is applied to the Li metal surface to release mechanical stress and hinder morphological changes during operation. Polymer separators directly attach to the Li metal surface using a polymeric adhesive to fabricate a separator/Li metal integrated assembly. The separator/Li metal assembly improves not only electrochemical performance but also safety issues related to Li metal anodes. This approach has three main advantages: (1) Li metal surface stabilization. The separator/Li metal assembly mechanically stabilize the Li metal surface, resulting in improved rate capability and cycle performance [85.0% of initial discharge capacity (90.2 mAh g-1) at a 7C condition for rate capability and 87.6% of discharge capacity (95.5 mAh g-1) at the 220th cycle] compared with bare Li metal without separator integration [82.6% of initial discharge capacity (84.5 mAh g-1) at a 3C condition for rate capability and 58.0% of discharge capacity (62.6 mAh g-1) at the 120th cycle]. (2) Suitability for high energy density battery implementation. The thickness of the polymeric adhesive is less than 1 μm, which is one-tenth of the coating layer of conventional thermally stable separators, but exhibits similar thermal shrinkage characteristics (0% shrinkage at 140°C for 30 min). By reducing the thickness of inactive components, a larger volume of active material can be loaded into the battery system to increase the energy density of the battery. (3) Simple process for mass production. The separator/Li metal integration process ('stick' and 'dry') is very simple and can be easily applicable across industries.


This working paper is based on two separately commissioned projects that Nordregio carried out during 2015–2016. The first project was commissioned by the Nordic Working Group for Green Growth: Sus ...


Virtual prototyping plays a key role in modern car engineering. For virtual test drives of entire cars in the computer, mathematical and computational models of the vehicle, the road, and the driver are presented. The numerical simulation must be performed in real time for application in Hardware-in-the-Loop experiments. Numerical results are presented for the ISO slalom test.


This study examines the evolution of the influence of opinion leaders on social networking sites. Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the latent variable growth model, a theoretical framework for explaining the evolution of influence of opinion leaders is established. Moreover, with the representative of Zhihu.com as a social networking site, an empirical test was conducted on 25,559 users of Zhihu.com. The results of empirical analysis show that there is a significant difference in the evolution of influence among opinion leaders of different influence levels and for opinion leaders of the same level of influence, the evolution of their influence is with distinct characteristics. Finally, based on the research results obtained, suggestions for optimizing the operation of social networking sites are proposed.


An apparatus for investigation of electron spin-lattice relaxation at low temperatures, by a method of pulse inversion by means of sinusoidally modulated pulses of a magnetic field, is described. The technique of inversion of the level population of the spin system is discussed. The device permits the measurement of the relaxation time in the range 1-10/sup -3/ sec with an error not exceeding plus or minus 10%. (trauth)


Abstract Despite the ongoing processes of territorial integration, especially in Europe, there are still borders that fulfil their original function, namely that of a barrier. In some cases, this function has even been strengthened. Such is the case with Poland's eastern border, which is also the external border of the EU and of the Schengen Area. This article presents the modal split of passenger traffic under conditions of frequent changes in the functions and permeability of borders, against the background of the key drivers behind the volumes of border traffic, i.e. the geopolitical, socio-economic, and infrastructural factors, both in relation to road, rail and border infrastructure. All sections of the border display some marginalisation of railway transport. The Polish eastern border is characterised by a sustained high share of bus transport, which pertains to all sections under analysis. The long waiting times for clearance when travelling in private cars was probably one of the factors behind the creation of the market for collective transport. Private transport is most dominant on the Polish-Russian border, while the largest share of crossings by bus is recorded on the Belarusian border.


In this essay, we examine the feasibility of quantum computation of Groebner basis which is a fundamental tool of algebraic geometry. The classical method for computing Groebner basis is based on Buchberger's algorithm, and our question is how to adopt quantum algorithm there. A Quantum algorithm for finding the maximum is usable for detecting head terms of polynomials, which are required for the computation of S-polynomials. The reduction of S-polynomials with respect to a Groebner basis could be done by the quantum version of Gauss-Jordan elimination of echelon which represents polynomials. However, the frequent occurrence of zero-reductions of polynomials is an obstacle to the effective application of quantum algorithms. This is because zero-reductions of polynomials occur in non-full-rank echelons, for which quantum linear systems algorithms (through the inversion of matrices) are inadequate, as ever-known quantum linear solvers (such as Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd) require the clandestine computations of the inverses of eigenvalues. Such algorithms should be used in limited situations with the guarantee that the matrices could be inverted. For example, the transformation from the non-reduced Groebner basis to the reduced one is of this sort, and the quantum algorithms surely achieve the partial speedup of the computations.


INTRODUCTION: The ability to control, or influence, the generic plasticity of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), is an area that is still relatively unexplored. The aim of this study was to establish how changes in surface chemistry (characterised silane modified surfaces), both with and without the appropriate biological stimuli, affected the behaviour and osteogenic potential of human MSC in vitro over a 28 day time period. METHODS: Glass coverslips (13mm diameter, Borosilicate Glass Co. UK) were dipped into 5% NaOH solution for 1 hour followed by concentrated HNO3 for 1 hour. All the coverslips were then rinsed with ultra pure water and with 100% ethanol, dried at 120 o C, and stored in a vacuum desiccator prior to the introduction of different functional groups on the surface. TAAB glass was used as a control surface. –CH3, -NH2, SH, -OH and –COOH groups were introduced using previously described methods 1 and characterized using water contact angle measurements. Human MSC (Biowhittaker UK), were resuspended to a concentration of 5x10 4 cells/ml, and cultured in contact with the samples for 1,7, 14, 21 and 28 days in both basal MSC media (Biowhittaker UK) and osteogenic supplemented media (DMEM + 10% FCS, 100mM ascorbate-2phosphate, 100nM dexamethasone and 10mM βglycerphosphate). Viable cell adhesion was quantified using a commercially available lactate dehydrogenase assay (LDH, Promega UK). Real time PCR was used to evaluate the expression of βactin, ornithine decarboxylase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteonectin, collagen I and CBFA-1. Cellular expression of collagen I, osteocalcin, CBFA1 and calcified extra-cellular matrix was qualitatively evaluated by fluorescent immunohistochemistry and von Kossa staining. RESULTS: Dynamic contact angle measurements using water as the solvent for glass and silane modified surfaces are shown in Figure 1. The surface energy results supported the contact angle results. The TAAB, -OH, -COOH have the highest surface energies with values of 53.39, 52.89 and 49.51mJ/m 2 , respectively. The -NH2 and -SH had lower values of 43.52 and 39.60mJ/m 2 respectively, and the -CH3 had the lowest value of 35.53mJ/m 2 .


Oxygen consumption was measured by an oxygen sensor after addition of purified fungal amine oxidase to fish extracts. The oxidation of histamine to imidazoleacetaldehyde proceeded stoichiometrically. Based on the equimolar relationship between histamine and oxygen consumption, histamine was determined selectively by the oxygen sensor. Neither sample pretreatment removing interfering materials nor daily calibration by histamine standard was required. Histamine contents in scombroid fish were determined rapidly with good accuracy. AOAC and oxygen sensor methods showed a very high correlation (r=0.999, n=6).


The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) geometric model of the water lubricated rubber bearings under standard experimental conditions with water lubrication was established. The complete numerical solution of the EHL model was obtained by using multi-grid technique. The results show that the EHL state can be only established under high relative velocity and mild load conditions between the rubber block and the chromium coating on steel with sufficient water. The numerical results are good agreement with the experimental data.


The volumetric rendering technique, a method for creating 3D images of medical volume data sets, and its application to clinical medicine are discussed. Several features of this technique alleviate problems found in using other image generation techniques. It allows for the use of a mixture paradigm for representation of the volume to be rendered. It uses mathematical techniques which reduce or eliminate aliasing (a significant source of computer-generated artifacts). The volumetric rendering of computer tomography data can be broken into four steps: volume formation, classification, rotation, and projection.<<ETX>>


How could 20 years have passed since the first SAGEEP and the groundwork that conference laid for the formation of the Environmental and Engineering Society? Looking back is an interesting and sometimes informative exercise and in this situation, it provides for this "pioneer" a reassuring hope for the future.


Submitted: Aug 22, 2013; Accepted: Sep 30, 2013; Published: Oct 6, 2013 Abstract: This study examines the status of waste governance structure andrelations, role and responsibilities of stakeholders,and regulatory framework in Iran.The focus is on Tehran as a case example. The study employed a qualitative research approach in the collection and analysis of data.Data for the study were gathered through semi structure interviews from key informant among individual and organisations, which are stakeholders of MSW management. In addition to the interviews, some of the relevant official reports, articles, policies, and legal documents relating to solid waste managementreviewed. The study recommends a stronger institutional and administration reform and coordination between the relevant institutions and improve community participation for effective waste governance system.


Presented at the 2nd Asian and Oceanian Congress of Radiology, Manila, The Philippines November 10-14, 1975. From the Department of Radiology, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney, Australia, Department of Radiology Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia, and Department of Radiology, Pediatric Institute of the Medical Academy, Krakow, Poland. ) HIS PAPER DESCRIBES two unrelated children with the unique clinical and radiographic features of the rare Ale-Calol or M.E.M.R. syndr<>me. Giedion2~ coined the


The use of forage species adapted to the local environment allows an easier management, and greater production and stability. It also allows the conservation of the natural genetic resources, and the reduction of the costs and risks of production that further result in higher sustainability of the system. Forage quality may not be considered as important as biomass production in many forage systems. However, when forage plants constitute most or all of the ruminant diet it assumes substantially greater importance. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the crude protein (CP) content of hybrids of P. plicatulum x P. guenoarum, in a region of Southern Brazil in the Pampa biome. The hybrids evaluated were: 10202, 1020104, 102084, 102080, 1020133, 102058, 102069 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Azulão"), 103063, 10308, 103042, 103040, 103061, 103077, 103087, 103093, 103031, 103020, 103084, and 103037 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Baio"). The CP analyzes were performed on the leaves of the genotypes in each harvest. The hybrid 102069 "Azulão" presented the best CP content (16.4%) compared to the other genotypes in both years. These results are encouraging for forage breeding studies with species of the genus Paspalum.


Compton profiles for polycrystalline Lu and LuH/sub 2.05/ have been determined by Compton scattering of 320-keV photons from a /sup 51/Cr source. The profiles for pure Lu have been corrected for multiple scattering and compared to a renormalized-free-atom model for the conduction electrons. The Compton profile for metallic Lu suggests an electronic configuration close to 5d/sup 1/ 6s/sup 2/. A model for the dihydride based on a band-structure calculation by Switendick in which a new band of antibonding hydrogen wave functions accommodates the two extra electrons per LuH/sub 2/ explains the experimental Compton profile in a satisfactory way.


SUMMARY In this paper, a Happiness Cups (H-cups) system is pro- posed to bi-directionally convey the holding-cup motions of paired cups between two remote users. To achieve this goal, the H-cups system uses three important components. Firstly, paired cups are embedded with accelerometers and gyro sensors to transmit the three-dimensional acceleration and angular signals to a motion recognizer application. This application is designed on an Android phone. The sensors then receive the remotely recog- nized motions and flash a specific color on the local cup's RGB-LED via Bluetooth. Secondly, the application considers holding-cup motion recog- nition from the cup based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and sends the local recognized motion through an intermediate server to transmit to the remote paired cup via the internet. Finally, an intermediate server is established and used to exchange and forward the recognized holding-cup motions between two paired cups, in which five holding-cup motions, in-cluding drinking, horizontal shaking, vertical shaking, swaying and raising toasts are proposed and recognized by LSTM. The experimental results indicate that the recognition accuracy of the holding-cup motion can reach 97.3% when using our method.


We discuss design and implementation issues related to online transaction processing (OLTP) for object-oriented databases in heterogeneous environment. In the described two-layered scheme, nested transactions are controlled at the lower level of a distributed le system, uniformly for all types of data and indexes. The paper focuses on the advantages of this scheme, as well as on the algorithms of its e cient support. The approach has been implemented in COOL-NT (Common Object-Oriented Language{New Technology)|an object-oriented application development platform for medium to large-scale OLTP systems.


.............................................................................................................................. ii OPSOMMING ...........................................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... viii LIST OF ACRONYMS ...........................................................................................................xvi LIST OF APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ xx LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................. xxii CHAPTER


One of the Mayotte Marine Nature Park's major challenges is protecting marine resources, including commercially important sea cucumber species. In December 2016, eight stations were set up to study commercially important sea cucumber species in the reefs of Mayotte. Park agents were given training in sampling methods and in how to identify the main species so that they could carry out regular monitoring. A total of 15 commercially important sea cucumber species were observed during this study, with Holothuria atra and Bohadschia atra observed most frequently. A total of 258 specimens were recorded, with the most abundant species being Stichopus chloronotus and B. atra. The observations made seemed to show that certain highmarket-value species, such as Holothuria nobilis and Thelenota ananas, were observed less frequently than in previous studies, particularly on the outer slopes of the barrier reefs. In 2016, illegal harvests seem to have developed in certain areas of the reef. Since the sea cucumber's various environmental roles are vital to the reef ecosystem, urgent measures should be taken to prevent illegal fisheries. However illegal harvests seem to have developed in 2016 in certain reef areas (pers. obs.). In order to try to better quantify this illegal fishery and its impact on sea cucumber populations, a study and a training session for Mayotte Marine Nature Park agents2 were carried out in December 2016 with a view to setting up monitoring stations on Mayotte's reefs. The Mayotte Marine Nature Park is specifically designed to protect, restore and study coral reefs and related fauna, including various sea cucumber species. Due the overharvesting underway regionally, it is vital that such protection and study objectives continue over the long-term. Materials and method Stations The study took place from 28 November to 2 December 2016 on all the reefs in Mayotte, both barrier and fringing reefs, and involved their outer slopes, inner slopes, reef flats and grass beds. A large number of sites and habitats were prospected and eight monitoring stations for commercially important sea cucumber populations were set up around Mayotte (Figure 1 and Table 1). Each station was uniform in terms of habitat and the various hydrodynamicsrelated parameters. Different data concerning the biotopes and biocenoses were recorded during the study in order to characterise each station: GPS points, geomorphologic unit, substrate in %, coral cover, seaweed, etc., through to depth in metres (Table1). 1 BIORECIF, 3 ter rue de l'Albatros 97434 La Réunion, France – firstname.lastname@example.com 2 http://www.aires-marines.fr/L-Agence/Organisation/Parcs-naturels-marins/mayotte 22 SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #38 – March 2018 Table 1. Monitoring stations for commercially important sea cucumber populations set up in Mayotte in December 2016, Sites, GPS Points (GPS Pts) in WGS84 with longitude/latitude (in decimal degrees), depth in meters (Depth (m)), Geomorphology. Stations Sites GPS Pts Depth (m) Geomorphology H MTZA Mtzamboro Island North-west -12.649260 N 45.024623 E 2 Sparse multispecies seagrass bed whose dominant species was Halodule universis – sandy zones P CHOI Choizil Island West -12.677271 N 45.050248 E 1.5–2 Below-surface flat at the island's fringing reef with sparse coral cover, sandy and rubble zones P RANI Rani Inner reef South-east -12.941800 N 45.056871 E 4–8 External flat of inner reef with sparse coral cover – algal communities sandy and rubble zones PI GRNE Great Reef North-east -12.748483 N 45.279667 E 3 Inner slope of barrier reef with coral formations spread out over a sandy zone PI SADS Sada Pass South -12.909540 N 44.969501 E 5–10 Inner slope of barrier reef open to the sea with coral heads and spans and sparse coral cover sandy and rubble zones PE BAND Bandrélé -12.906945 N 45.251620 E 4 Outer slope of barrier reef with average coral cover sandy and rubble zones PERF KOLO Mtsanga Kolo Sazilé -12.984490 N 45.197810 E 6 Outer slope of fringing reef with extensive coral cover – soft coral – sandy zones PIRF PAM Pamandzi -12.812663 N 45.276269 E 3 Inner slope of fringing reef with coral formations spread out over a sandy zone 3 https://www.digitalglobe.com/ 4 http://www.earth.google.com Figure 1. Mayotte's location in Mozambique Channel and the location of the eight sampling stations set up in December 2016 to monitor commercially important sea cucumbers. Geomorphology (green thumbtacks: seagrass bed; red thumbtacks: reef flats; yellow thumbtacks: outer slopes; black thumbtacks: inner slopes) (H MTZA: Mtzamboro Island seagrass bed; P CHOI: Choizil Island reef flat; P RANI: Rani inner reef flat; PE BAND: Bandrélé outer slope; PERF Kolo: MtsangaKolo fringing reef outer slope; PI GRNE: Great north-eastern reef inner slope; PIRF PAM: Pamandzi fringing reef inner slope) (DigitalGlobe 2012;3 Google Earth4). 23 SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #38 – March 2018 Method The stations were surveyed using the Manta Tow method (Friedmann et al. 2008) in order to count the number of commercially important sea cucumbers on beds at between 1.5 and 6 to 8 m depending on visibility. The observer was towed by a boat and the stations divided into six 300 m x 2 m transects, i.e. 600 m2 each. The speed was very slow and the position and distance were monitored by an above-water observer on the boat using a portable GPS. The surface area sampled at each station was 3600 m2 and observers noted the number of specimens for each species. All six transects of the station were recorded with GPS points at the beginning and at the end of each transect, which makes it possible to know the exact zone sampled for future monitoring. Results Species richness A total of 15 species of commercially important sea cucumber species were observed during this study (Table 2). Holothuria atra (75%) and Bohadschia atra (62.5%) were the species most frequently observed at the eight stations (Figure 2). Several species were only observed at a single station: Actinopyga cf. obesa, Bohadschia subrubra, B. vitiensis, Holothuria fuscogilva, H. fuscopunctata, Pearsonothuria graeffei and Thelenota anax. The average number of species observed by station for the eight stations in this study was 4.25 species (± 1.5). The H MTZA station, located north of Mayotte (Figure 1 and Table 1), was the station that had the greatest diversity in this study with seven sea cucumber species recorded there (Figure 4). The PIRF PAM station (Figure 1 and Table 1) was the station with the lowest diversity with only two species recorded there (Figure 4). Abundances Some 258 specimens of commercially important sea cucumbers were recorded at the eight stations (Figure 3). Stichopus chloronotus (31%) and B. atra (30.6%) were the most abundant species at the eight stations with Table 2. Commercially important sea cucumbers (Purcell 2014; Purcell et al. 2012 and 2013) observed in Mayotte in 2005a (Pouget), 2005b (Conand et al.), 2012 (Eriksson et al.), 2015 (Pareto et al.) and 2016 ('this study'), market value and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN 2016) status. x = observed. 2005a 2005b 2012 2015 'This study' Market value IUCN status Actinopyga echinites x x Average Vulnerable Actinopyga caerulea x x Low Data Deficient Actinopyga mauritiana x x x x x Average Vulnerable Actinopyga miliaris x x x x Average Vulnerable Actinopyga obesa x x x x Average Data Deficient Bohadschia atra x x x x x Average Data Deficient Bohadschia marmorata x Low Data Deficient Bohadschia vitiensis x x x x x Low Data Deficient Bohadschia subrubra x x x x x Average Data Deficient Holothuria atra x x x x x Low Least concern Holothuria fuscogilva x x x x High Vulnerable Holothuria fuscopunctata x x x Average Least concern Holothuria nobilis x x x x x High Endangered Holothuria scabra x x x High Endangered Holothuria lessoni x High Endangered Pearsonothuria graeffei x x x x Low Least Concern Stichopus chloronotus x x x x x Low Least Concern Stichopus herrmanni x x x x Average Vulnerable Thelenota ananas x x x x x High Endangered Thelenota anax x x x x Average Data Deficient


Author profiling (AP) has become an important task within the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. The main goal of AP is to automatically determine demographics aspects from authors, for instance, age and gender. Despite the main applications of AP in the marketing and forensic fields, recently has been showed the utility of


During last years, big enterprises on Internet and mobile phones business have invested their efforts to look for a better human-computer interaction through a natural language interface. These devices we will call Virtual Assistant (VA) and we can mention in this group Google Now, Siri, Voice Mate, etc. Such VAs actually are Question-Answering (QA) Systems with the mission to attend the user's demands about a determined domain or hardware functionality. A QA System have 3 modules: (i) query processing, (ii) information processing, and (iii) answer processing. Our work will focus on the first item (i) and we propose the use of grammars and the Interpreter design pattern to transform a natural language query into a formal language, in this case, we choose SPARQL which is a language designed to work in the Semantic Web and is used to query into ontologies.


Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms of Yiqi Huayu herbs on Smad3 and Smad4 in granulation tissue of diabetic ulcers rats. Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats with back full-thickness skin lesion in diabetic rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: Normal group, Untreated group, bFGF-treated group,Yiqi Huayu Herbs-treated group, Yiqi Herbs-treated group, Huayu Herbs-treated group.The protein expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in granulation tissue of diabetic ulcers rats were tested with immunohistochemical methods? image analysis and Western blot. Result As compared with the Normal group,the expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in Untreated group is lower(P 0.01)?As compared with the Untreated group, the expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in Chinese herbs treatment groups is lower(P 0.01).Western blot were used to detect the expressions of Smad3 and Smad4,the expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in Yiqi Huayu Herbs -treated group was lower than that in the Yiqi Herbs -treated group and Huayu Herbs -treated group(P 0.01),the expressions of Smad4 in Huayu Herbs Huayu Herbs -treated group than that in the Yiqi Herbs -treated group.Conclusion Yiqi Huayu herbs can promote the wound healing in rats. It was likely through reducing the expressions of Smad3 and Smad4?


: Screen viewing has become a crucial activity in the everyday life of adolescents. The increasing prevalence of screen-based activities is known to be associated with other lifestyle and health-related problems among adolescents. Screen view related to laptop, mobile phone, video game, television, tablet and computer/internet that adolescents can use anytime and anywhere.


This research was conducted at PT. Bank Central Asia (BCA) Finance Branch Pekanbaru in order to know how leadership and incentive can affect simultaneous and partially to employee's working spirit at PT. Bank Central Asia (BCA) Finance branch Pekanbaru and also to find out how leadership can indirectly influence employee's working spirit through incentive given at PT. Bank Central Asia (BCA) Finance Branch Pekanbaru. The population in this study were all the employees at PT. Bank Central Asia (BCA) Finance Branch Pekanbaru, with 46 respondents for the sample. The sampling method used is census and the testing method of data quality using validity and reliability test, the classical assumption test, the MSI method, and the method of path analysis using SPSS version 20. The final test results, stating that the former leadership and incentive contribute simultaneously and significantly to the working spirit of employee. Leadership and incentive affect partially on employee's working spirit. Leadership affect indirectly in employee's working spirit through incentive. From this research, we can see that employee's spirit as variables must be improved to give satisfaction for the employees. When talking about leadership as variables, leader must pay more attention for the employees, and the last, in incentive variables, giving incentive would be better if depends on working quality and quantity of the employees. Keywords: Working Spirit, Leadership, Incentive


This paper focuses on one of the rapid evolving technologies – Blockchain technology. The blockchain technology is one of the efficient technologies that will help the organizations in managing the various industry challenges related to data management. This research focuses on the use of blockchain technology that works of the principle of decentralization in the PMIS. In this context, a qualitative research has been conducted with the help of interviewers. The findings of the qualitative research indicated that blockchain technology has now become a major need of the project based organizations with the increasing threat of data loss, data tempering and attacks etc. The blockchain technology in PMIS will help in ensuring the integrity and value of the data along with ensuring a systematic communication among the stakeholders involved in the project. The findings also indicate that the blockchain will equally distribute the power among the stakeholder and improving the effectiveness of project in terms of meeting the time, cost and quality objectives. Lastly, the paper recommends that there is a critical need of blockchain experts and personnel who can effectively use this technology not only in PMIS but other areas as well such as the banking and finance. The training and development of the people in the area of implementing and integrating the blockchain technology with the information systems has an important relevance.


Vaccines are responsible for the reduced cases of mortality caused by infections worldwide. However a number of studies have shown that helminth infections have strong immune modulatory effects. Due to this, they have been considered as one of the contributing causes of lowered immune responses induced by vaccines observed in developing areas, where these infections are endemic. This is often due to the host's inability to mount an effective protective immune response once receiving the vaccine. Nevertheless, it has been shown that elimination of the helminth infections, with the use of antihelminthic treatment, would improve recipients' immune responses to vaccines. These helminth infections such as Ascariasis, hookworm and schistosomiasis are rampant in developing countries, especially Sub-Saharan Africa. This remains a major health concern as helminth infections, especially those that remain untreated, would reduce efficacy of vaccines thus posing a serious risk of increased infections leading to outbreaks in these areas. The effects helminths have on the immune responses elicited by vaccines still remain unclear as relatively little information is available. This could be due to lack of controlled experiments involving animal models, especially the Non-human primates. This review compiles information from a number of peer reviewed articles and aims to explain the host-parasite interaction, the immune response generated and summarizes how helminth infections affects the immune responses of various vaccines. This may provide a greater understanding of the strategies helminths use to evade the immune system which in turn affect the immune responses elicited by vaccines.


Knowledge graph is a kind of knowledge representation, which captures information about entities, entity attributes and relationships between entities in a structured way, and is widely used in intelligent retrieval, recommendation systems, intelligent question answering, etc. Knowledge map is a graphical representation of the relationship between different concepts and topics in a specific field, while BERT is a most advanced language model that can understand the context and meaning of words in text. By combining the two methods of medical knowledge graph (MKG) and the bidirectional encoder representation of BERT model, it shows hope in improving medical information retrieval and decision-making, and can create a more comprehensive and accurate representation of medical knowledge, which can be used to guide clinical decision-making and improve the prognosis of patients, and ultimately improve the effect of BERT in the medical field.


Photon (X‐ray) radiotherapy (XRT) kills cells via DNA damage, however, how proton radiotherapy (PRT) causes cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unclear. We investigated mechanisms of HNSCC cell death after XRT versus PRT.


Recently there has been an increasing interest in analyzing scientific data generated by observations and scientific experiments. For managing these data efficiently, SciDB, a multi-dimensional array-based DBMS, is suggested. When SciDB processes a query with where predicates, it uses filter operator internally to produce a result array that matches the predicates. Most queries for scientific data analysis utilize spatial information. However, filter operator of SciDB reads all data without considering features of array-based DBMSs and spatial information. In this demo, we present an efficient query processing scheme utilizing characteristics of array-based data, implemented by employing coordinates. It uses a selective scan that retrieves data corresponding to a range that satisfies specific conditions. In our experiments, the selective scan is up to 30x faster than the original scan. We demonstrate that our implementation of the filter operator will reduce the processing time of a selection query significantly and enable SciDB to handle a massive amount of scientific data in more scalable manner.


Global Motion Estimation is an important tool widely used in computer vision,video processing,and other fields.To reduce the computational complexity of global motion estimation,a global motion estimation method based on the pixel gradient strategy was proposed.With regard to global motion models,six-parameter affine model is adopted because of its reasonable tradeoff between complexity and accuracy.In order to accelerate the algorithm,two-level pyramid is utilized in the calculation.It uses those gradient bigger pixels in the calculation of every pyramid level,and combines Gauss-Newton algorithm.The extensive experiments show that the proposed method is efficient and robust in terms of both computational complexity and accuracy.


Agricultural insurance works as the core of the modern agricultural risk management mechanism.In Hunan province,there are some problems in the development of the policy-based agricultural insurance:the insurance company is weak in its management;the market-oriented operation lacks a standard;the farmers are nearly ignorant of risks resistance;and the compensation of the agricultural insurance premium is hard to reach the farmers.In order to promote a sound development of Hunan agricultural insurance in an all-round way,it is quite necessary to encourage investigation and survey,abide by agricultural insurance rules,design a scientific mode of agricultural insurance and innovate the mechanism and management.


Abstract : The 1996 Army Leadership Symposium: 'Leadership Challenges of the 21st Century Army' was held at Cantigny Estate, Wheaton, Illinois from 27-29 March 1996. The symposium brought together senior Army leaders and noted academics to discuss the key leadership and leader development issues facing the Army as it moves into the 21st century. This report summarizes the event and documents the key issues identified during the discussions. These issues primarily concern defining the operational environment of the future, the implications for leadership and leader development as a result of the changing technology and missions, and the implications for leadership and leader development research to ensure a strong theoretical and research base for the Army's leader development plans and programs. Discussions also emphasized the need to maximize human potential and maximize the benefits from leader development resources.


Manganese(III) acetate mediated oxidative additions of the α-aryl α-nitro ketones 1 and 9 to simple alkenes forms the isoxazoline N-oxides 3 and 10 as the main products in 13–62% yield. Depending upon the structure of the unsaturated system used, the α-allylated α-nitro ketones 4, the tricyclic product 5 or the aromatised isoxazole 7 were also obtained. The oxidative addition of α-methyl α-nitro ketones 11 to hex-1-ene has been shown to yield the γ-acetoxylated α-nitro ketones 12. Based upon the influence of substituents in both the α-nitro ketone and the alkene, the outcome of the reaction mechanism is discussed. The oxidative addition of α-nitro amides 13 to hex-1-ene furnished the cyclic nitronates 14 together with the isoxazolines 15, which have been shown to be formed independently during the course of the reaction. Representative oxidative radical additions were performed using anodically in situ generated manganese(III) acetate from catalytical amounts of manganese(II) acetate. In these cases, yields as high, or even slightly higher, were obtained compared to those reactions employing 2 molar equiv. of the transition metal oxidant.


A comparison trial of 23 apple scab resistant cultivars was started in spring 2009. The trial was located in southern Estonia at the Polli Horticultural Research Center (58o07`N, 25o32`E). Trees were grafted on dwarfing rootstock B396 and planted in an orchard with the distance 2x4 m (1250 trees/ha). The comparison trial lasted six years (from 2009 to 2014) and provides data for drawing conclusions on disease resistance, winter hardiness, fruit bearing age, and yield of trees as well as the size of fruit. The following cultivars proved to be better suited to Estonian climatic conditions: Belorusskoye Sladkoye, Dace, Elena, and Pamyat Kovalenko. Antei, Dace, and Pamyat Kovalenko stood out with their large yield. The following cultivars produced large fruit: Roberts, Sügisjoonik, Yubilar, Pospekh, Dace, and Antei.


. My conclusions are threefold: The subject of cosmic evolution is my religion. The process of change itself (especially developmental change) is my God. And global ethics and a planetary culture, which cosmic evolution mandates, are the key to the survival of technologically competent life forms, both here on Earth and perhaps elsewhere in the Universe.


Analytical equations to calculate the wear produced with different shape tools, that oscillate in one direction and displace in another perpendicular, are obtained. Wear profiles were reproduced and analyzed using these useful equations.


A randomized complete block experiment with 6 single-tree replicates and 4 treatments was conducted in a field of 15-ft trees in a 20 × 24-ft planting at the Citrus Experiment Station in Riverside, California. Pretreatment densities of California red scale (CRS) were evaluated in late Apr '84 by examining in each plot 75 9-in twigs from the previous growth flush that were randomly selected from around the trees. Each sample unit was scored in situ as being infested or not infested with live CRS. Posttreatment counts were made in late Sep '84 and again in mid May '85 by examining 75 twigs and 100 fruit per plot in a similar manner. Fruit counts were included in the posttreatment evaluation because they are an index of how well a treatment prevented the current crop from becoming infested and consequently downgraded, thus determining the immediate benefit of the treatment. Twig counts were evaluated to determine how well a treatment suppressed scale population growth. The single tree plots were assigned to blocks on the basis of pretreatment twig counts and on position in the field (one row of trees, for some unknown reason, tended to have high posttreatment counts for all treatments). Thus, plots within each block had similar pretreatment counts and were located in the same part of the field. Treatments were randomly assigned to each of the 6 blocks. The Rol6-1295 0.063 lb/100 gal treatment was not applied in 1 of the blocks; all other treatments were represented in each block. Pesticides were applied with hand guns from the ground and from a tower at ca 505 psi and ca 17.45 gal/tree (ca 1584 gal/A) on 7 Jun '84. Age class distribution of CRS at this time was estimated as ca 50% adult and 50% immature stages.


[reaction: see text] Apha,alpha'-dihydroxy ketones having two OH groups that can come into close proximity react with phosgene in the presence of DMAP to produce 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diones. When covalent bonding in this manner is prohibited, alternate reaction pathways can in principle be adopted. Of these, the generation of spiro epoxy carbonates is shown to be feasible in three examples. In other cases, the alpha-ketol rearrangement precedes diacylation.


In present engineering point of view, accurate conversion of A/D converter can't realize which is made of unstable system. But in this paper,it is proposed that it can be accurately A/D convert with extremely unstable chaotic circuit. And adjusting the parameters, it can be a binary, trinary or N nary A/D converter arbitrarily.Although the precision of it have not exceeded present A/D converter, it is based on a concept completely opposed to the traditional engineering viewpoints. It is worth while studying the problem in a common effort.


A growing number of advanced-research studies have recently examined the benefits of applying mechanical or fluidic separation control to leading-edge slats or trailing-edge flaps for high-lift geometries. In particular, the use of various control devices placed near the leading edge of a slotted flap mounted on a realistic three-element wing was successfully demonstrated in ONERA's F1 wind tunnel (Le Fauga-Mauzac Center), in the scope of the Advanced Aerodynamic Flow Control UsingMicroelectromechanical Systems II European project. The present paper aims at assessing the prediction accuracy of steady computational fluid dynamics simulations for flow-control problems, through a detailed validation procedure and comparisons against pressuremeasurements and skin-friction patterns obtained during the aforementioned experiment. In all, very good agreement was observed between numerical and wind-tunnel results, thus demonstrating the capability of Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes solvers to accurately predict suchmultiscale cases and the encouraging efficiency of conventional andmodern actuators in strong adverse pressure gradients.


This work proposes a direct space vector PWM algorithm for multilevel inverters without passing by the decomposition of space vector diagram of three-level inverter into two-level, the nearest three vectors (NTV) are determined via identification of the sector that the reference voltage vector belongs and the triangle where the tip point of the reference vector lies. The duty-cycles are determined using a single calculation equation set; the switching sequences that will be used are chosen to generate the output voltages. The redundancies of some output voltage vectors are thoughtfully used to cancel imbalance of dc link capacitor voltages. This algorithm can be generalized into the case of any num ber of levels. Simulation results show the algorithm feasibility.


The receptor tyrosine kinase Mer resolves local and systemic inflammation by increasing the abundance of liver X receptors. Resolving inflammation with Mer Unchecked inflammatory responses in the body can do more harm than good; thus, the body has mechanisms for resolving inflammation and restoring normal tissue function. Choi et al. found that mice with impaired signaling by the receptor tyrosine kinase Mer had exacerbated inflammation in response to acute sterile tissue damage, as well as decreased abundance of liver X receptor (LXR) transcription factors (which are implicated in inhibiting macrophage responses) in their macrophages, spleens, and lungs. Conversely, treating macrophages in culture with an agonist of Mer increased LXR abundance and activity. Furthermore, an LXR agonist reduced inflammation in mice even in the context of reduced Mer signaling. The finding that Mer-dependent increases in LXR abundance lead to the resolution of inflammation might be exploited therapeutically. The receptor tyrosine kinase Mer plays a central role in inhibiting the inflammatory response of immune cells to pathogens. We aimed to understand the function of Mer signaling in the resolution of sterile inflammation in experiments with a Mer-neutralizing antibody or with Mer-deficient (Mer−/−) mice in a model of sterile, zymosan-induced acute inflammation. We found that inhibition or deficiency of Mer enhanced local and systemic inflammatory responses. The exacerbated inflammatory responses induced by the lack of Mer signaling were associated with reduced abundance of the transcription factors liver X receptor α (LXRα) and LXRβ and decreased expression of their target genes in peritoneal macrophages, spleens, and lungs. Similarly, treatment of mice with a Mer/Fc fusion protein, which prevents the Mer ligand Gas6 (growth arrest–specific protein 6) from binding to Mer, exacerbated the inflammatory response and decreased the abundance of LXR. Coadministration of the LXR agonist T0901317 with the Mer-neutralizing antibody inhibited the aggravating effects of the antibody on inflammation in mice. In vitro exposure of RAW264.7 cells or primary peritoneal macrophages to Gas6 increased LXR abundance in an Akt-dependent manner. Thus, we have elucidated a previously uncharacterized pathway involved in the resolution of acute sterile inflammation: Enhanced Mer signaling during the recovery phase increases the abundance and activity of LXR to inactivate the inflammatory response in macrophages.


The article presents a critical analysis of  the first meeting of Marc Antony as Triumvir and Queen Cleopatra. An author examine questions of initiator of meeting, it character, its spectacular and religious elements. The author concludes this meeting was a beginning Antony and Cleopatra's conscious advantageous co-operation.


The magnetic‐field pitch‐angle profile, γp(R)≡arctan(Bpol/Btor), is measured on the TFTR tokamak using a motional Stark effect (MSE) polarimeter. Measured profiles are converted to q profiles with the equilibrium code vmec. Uncertainties in the q profile due to uncertainties in the γp(R), magnetics, and kinetic measurements are quantified. Subsequent uncertainties in the vmec‐calculated profiles of current density and shear, both of which are important for stability and transport analyses, are also quantified. Examples of circular plasmas under various confinement modes, including the supershot and L mode, will be given.


Wi-Fi-based localization is one of the most promising technologies for indoor location-based services. However, it is still a difficult task to construct a positioning database to provide high accuracy and vast coverage, especially in probabilistic-based algorithms such as fingerprint-based localization. On the other hand, positioning methods that use the location database of the positioning infrastructure, such as the weighted centroid method, can support terminal-based localization due to lower computational complexity and small database size. Terminal-based positioning has the advantages not only of protecting personal location information, but also of maintaining the network topology among the terminals. The only weak point for positioning database-based methods is that the accurate location of the infrastructure should be known in advance. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to estimate the location of infrastructure, especially for Wi-Fi access points. We developed and employed a smartphone application to collect Wi-Fi signals by just walking around the test area. Then, the locations of Wi-Fi access points are estimated efficiently and accurately by selection of the maximum likelihood position that has the most similar path-loss model corresponding to the signal acquisition points. The estimated locations are processed as infrastructure database to support terminal-based positioning. The simulation and experiment result validate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. The estimated location of access points is within 10 m accuracy in most cases and also the terminal-based positioning results achieve competitive performance comparing with other positioning methods.


The activities of acid phosphatase (APase) in roots of hybrid rice and its parents at the tillering,booting and filling stages were studied with 7 rice parents and their combinations as materials in a solution culture experiment with different phosphorus levels to provide a foundation for screening high phosphorus-efficient hybrid rice. The activities of APase in roots differed under different P levels among maintainer lines. Under low P level,the activity of APase in roots of Ⅱ-32B (P-inefficient type) was not significantly higher than that of the control(suitable P level) at the tillering stage. The tolerance of D62B and D83B (P-efficient type) to low P stress was enhanced notably with increased activity of APase in roots. Meanwhile,there existed the differences in APase activities in roots of the restorer lines. Compared with the control,the activity of APase in roots of R892 and R527 (P-efficient type) increased significantly at the tillering and booting stages under low P levels. Whereas,the activities of APase in roots of R549 and R781(P-inefficient type) increased significantly only at the tillering stage. The increasing extents of APase activity in roots of the hybrid rice combination derived from different parents were also different. In the three periods,the differences in APase activity in roots of Ⅱyou 549(P-inefficient type) under low P level and the control were not notable,but the APase activity in roots of D83A/R527(P-efficient type) under low P level increased significantly compared to the check. The increasing extent of APase activity in roots of Ⅱyou 549 derived from Ⅱ-32B and R549 was not significant at all the stages. The APase activity in roots of D83A/R527 from D83B and R527 increased markedly under low P level. And the increasing extents of APase activity in roots of Ⅱyou 892 (Ⅱ-32B×R892) and D62A/R781 (D62B×R781) were between Ⅱyou 549 and D83A/R527 under low P level.


For characterizing the polymer modified binders, different state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) use different time consuming and empirical Performance Grade (PG) Plus test methods. Furthermore, the PG Plus tests are silent when asphalt binders are modified with chemicals such as polyphosphoric acid (PPA). But, the effects of the polymer are not accurately identified through these conventional tests such as Elastic Recovery (ER) and tenacity. The main goal of this study is to recommend alternative test method(s), which can possibly be pursued by using, a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Thus, Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR), ER-DSR, Frequency Sweep, and Binder Yield Energy Test (BYET) are being explored to find their effectiveness. Three PG binders (PG 64-22, PG 70-22 and PG 76-22) have been selected for this investigation. These binders have been prepared with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer, PPA, or a combination of both. Further, chemical tests such as SARA (Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene) analysis and FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy) are also being explored to fulfill the objectives. Preliminary findings suggest that the PG Plus tests deem to be obsolete. Also, a single test procedure is not sufficient to identify the presence and effectiveness of modifiers in the PG binders.


149 Eudora Welty and Modernism Chair: Julia Eichelberger, College of Charleston 1. "Discovering Welty's First Novel and the Origins of Her Signature Modernism," Harriet Pollack, Bucknell University 2. "Covert Relation: Eudora Welty's Indebtedness to Henry James," Li Cui, Renmin University 3. "Losing Battles as Modernist Epic," Stephen Fuller, Middle Georgia State College 4. "The Modernist Miraculous: Teaching Welty in the Hong Kong Classroom," Stuart Christie, Hong Kong Baptist University


Gel materials have large softness and high surface tackiness, and there are problems such as difficult handling in automated production. In this paper, a set of suction cup manipulator with both blowing and suction is designed for the handling of gel materials. The main body of the manipulator is composed of three synchronous belt linear motion modules, and the end grabbing mechanism adopts a gas nozzle. This paper calculates the actual requirements of the required I/O port, and finally determines the selection of PLC as FX3U-24MT. The overall program of PLC is divided into manual control program and automatic control program, using touch screen for human-computer interaction.


The title of Lv Zuqian's"lv's Records for the Book of Songs",and"lv's Records for the Books"are similar.The documents of literature on the "lv's Records for the Books"are comparatively rare,which had contradictions in them.This brings a lot of inconvenience to the Lv's works and research.Based on the query and research bibliography,preface and network data,"lv's Records for the Book of Songs"and "lv's Records for the Books"are two completely different works,but"lv's Records for the Books"maybe has been lost.


The development of science and technology contributes to the expansion of opportunities for using new ways in various fields of activity — such as remote work, cloud computing, and so on, which makes any activity more convenient and efficient. However, high technologies are not always associated with a positive effect, as new technologies lead to new risks. The article discusses Deepfake technology, a popular artificial intelligence technology, with which it is possible not only to change, but also to fake data, such as images, video, audio. On the one hand, this brings benefits and profits to the film industry, and on the other hand, it can threaten the protection of intellectual property rights. Customs authorities using various technologies need to be prepared to respond to deepfakes. The article is devoted to the issues of taking into account the risks for the customs authorities of countries in connection with the emergence and spread of deepfakes.


ABSTRACT The transition to a renewable energy future requires the extensive expansion of current high voltage grids. Due to the amount of land needed for expansion, issues related to land use have led to increased grid development opposition among landowners which in turn leads to significant project planning and budget overruns. Yet knowledge about why landowners support or object to high voltage grid development is limited. In this study, we use a theory on pluralism to uncover and categorize the multiplicity of motivations of 200 individual landowners in the Netherlands. Our results indicate that only a small number of landowners who oppose grid development focus on individual monetary gain through compensation for limits on their land use. Furthermore, most landowners find the fair and equal distribution of both the advantages and disadvantages of such limits more important than individual financial compensation. As such, overcoming contentious land use issues related to high voltage grid development by way of high individual financial compensation isn't the only solution. Highlights Land use conflicts affect expansions of high voltage grids crucial for meeting CO2 objectives Motivations of landowners are unevenly divided among different rationalities Most individual landowners do support high voltage grid developments Individual financial compensation isn't the only solution


Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanoscience & Tech., Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, Korea(Received September 27, 2010; Revised January 24, 2011; Accepted February 5, 2011)요약. 대기 중 휘발성 유기화합물을 포함한 기체 성분을 현장에서 실시간으로 검출할 수 있는 소형 GC 모듈을 개발하였다. 상용의 모세관 또는 충진 컬럼을 열선과 함께 다발 형태로 감아 소형 케이스에 내장 하였고 소형·경량의 센서, 밸브, 펌프, 그리고 재충전이 가능한 운반기체 캐니스터 등을 사용하여 분석 시료의 채취, 주입, 및 분리 및 검출이 10 분 이내에 이루어지도록 하였다. 다양한 기체 혼합물을 소형 GC 모듈과 불꽃이온화 및 열전도도 검출기로 측정한 결과 모세관 컬럼의 경우 R=8.3의 분해능을 나타냈으며 우수한 감도는 물론 재현성 및 직진성을 나타내었다. 따라서 소형 GC 모듈은 대기 중 휘발성 유해물질의 농도 감시, 화학 공정 및 오염 배출원 규제 등에 매우 효과적으로 활용되리라 기대된다.주제어: 가스 크로마토그래피, 휴대형, 실시간 분석ABSTRACT. In the present study, we developed a portable GC module for real-time, quantitative determinations of gas mix-tures in air sample. Capillary or packed column was coiled together with a heater wire and thermocouple in a small case.Together with the small and light weight sensors and valves as well as the rechargeable carrier gas canister, which permitscollection and separation of samples, this system can determine the components of complex mixtures of air contaminants atlow concentrations with a duty cycle of 10 min. When measured the various samples with a FID and TCD, the system showed,for a capillary column, a good resolution (R=8.3), high sensitivity, reproducibility, and linear dynamic range greater than threeorders of magnitude. These results indicate that the portable GC module is expected to be used for a wide range of appli-cations, particularly for in situ environmental monitoring, chemical processes, and regulation of contaminant emission.Keywords: Gas Chromatography, Portability, Real-time Analysis


This paper reviews the developing status of hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive(HMPSA),mainly introduces the types,synthesis and application of polyacrylate series pressure sensitive adhesives,and expects the market prospect of HMPSA in social life.


Granular computing is one of the important methods for extracting knowledge from data and has got great achievements. However, it is still a puzzle for granular computing researchers to imitate the human cognition process of choosing reasonable granularities automatically for dealing with difficult problems. In this paper, a Gaussian cloud transformation method is proposed to solve this problem, which is based on Gaussian Mixture Model and Gaussian Cloud Model. Gaussian Mixture Model GMM is used to transfer an original data set to a sum of Gaussian distributions, and Gaussian Cloud Model GCM is used to represent the extension of a concept and measure its confusion degree. Extensive experiments on data clustering and image segmentation have been done to evaluate this method and the results show its performance and validity.


Comment The diagnosis of dextrocardia with mitral stenosis was well established from physical findings, electrocardiographic studies, and angiocardiography. The aetiology of mitral stenosis was only presumptive before operation, but was established 'beyond doubt from histological study of the atrial wall. Dextrocardia of the mirror type with situs inversus is probably not as rare as is commonly believed; but unless the condition is associated with other congenital cardiac anomalies or cardiac disease no symptoms are produced. These symptoms, when they do appear, are those of the associated abnormality and not due to the dextrocardia per se. The signs in the heart are, of course, found on the right chest instead of on the left. It is claimed by some workers that the condition is common in white persons. It is worth noting, however, that the case reported prior to this was in a negro (Bleyer and Saphir, 1953), and our case is in an Indian.


This study presents quantitative analyses of the relationships among small-scale urban climatic conditions, residents, perceptions about their living environments, their lifestyles, and domestic energy consumption. The questionnaire surveys were conducted in Fukuoka City and Ohnojyo City for collecting relevant data necessary for the analyses. First, the relationship between the ecological consciousness of the households and their energy consumption in terms of monthly usage of electricity, gas, and kerosene was investigated, and a good correlation was found among these factors. Then, a more detailed analysis using quantification theory III and the multivariate analysis was made in order to take into account the detailed characteristics of the households. It was found that "eco -conscious" households consumed less energy than "eco-indifferent" households.


Hales-Jewett theorem. Would it be possible by logical means—perhaps via model theory—to prove that their functions must have growth rates that were Ackermanic? Some sixty years after the original result a logician—Saharon Shelah—has made the breakthrough. But there is an irony. Shelah's proof uses no methods from mathematical logic. It is purely combinatorial. It is, while supremely ingenious, totally elementary. This reviewer has given the proof, in its entirety, to a graduate class in combinatorics in one class period. If anything, it is easier than the original proof. The full proof takes up only four pages in this well-written paper. A simple approach to the Ackermann hierarchy is to define /,(x) = 2x, fi+i(x) = / w ( l ) , and the Ackermann fm(x) = fx(x). The functions / , , f2, / 3 , fA can be referred to as double, exponential, tower, and wow. Berlekamp, using finite fields, and Erdos and others, using probabilistic methods, have shown that W(k) is bounded from below by an exponential function. Shelah's proof gives an upper bound to W(k) that is primitive recursive but is not small, it is on the wow level. Using this indexing of the Ackermann hierarchy, we now know the true growth rate of W{k) to be "3", with an error of at most one!


The effectiveness of photovoltaic power generation systems—a clean and renewable use of solar energy—depends on the amount of solar radiation. Consequently, solar radiation forecasting (especially short-term) is crucial for photovoltaic plants. In this paper, a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) and gate recurrent unit (GRU) method is proposed for short-term (10-min) solar radiation forecasting based on image and time-series data (i.e., radiation data at different times). The method aims to achieve high performance in solar radiation forecasting, which can be useful for PV plant adjustment. CNN–GRU consists of two branches. One is based on the ResNet-18 structure, which can extract features from sky images. The other is a GRU branch, which consists of three fully connected layers used for meteorological feature extraction. Experiments on a public dataset showed that our method predicts the mean absolute error better than other benchmark models. The ablation experiments demonstrated that the hybrid model performs better than a single model and, therefore, shows promise for application in solar radiation forecasting.


We propose nanomedicines able to target cells phenotypically that bind when a precise combination of receptors is expressed. Tight control on the selectivity of nanoparticles' interaction with biological systems is paramount for the development of targeted therapies. However, the large number of tunable parameters makes it difficult to identify optimal design "sweet spots" without guiding principles. Here, we combine superselectivity theory with soft matter physics into a unified theoretical framework and we prove its validity using blood brain barrier cells as target. We apply our approach to polymersomes functionalized with targeting ligands to identify the most selective combination of parameters in terms of particle size, brush length and density, as well as tether length, affinity, and ligand number. We show that the combination of multivalent interactions into multiplexed systems enable interaction as a function of the cell phenotype, that is, which receptors are expressed. We thus propose the design of a "bar-coding" targeting approach that can be tailor-made to unique cell populations enabling personalized therapies.


ABSTRACT In this paper the authors trace and challenge the legacy of Erasmus Darwin's conviction that '[s]cience is best delivered in prose, as its mode of reasoning is from stricter analogies than metaphors and similes'. Arguing that poetry is an undervalued mode of making knowledge, the authors highlight forays in poetry that address plants as autopoietic organisms with agency, a feature of plants that is marginalised in the Western scientific tradition. Pointing to couplet rhyming as a form of thinking in the eighteenth century, and looking at the form of John Clare's 'Evening Primrose' (1820) as well as Alice Oswald's 'Woman in a Mustard Field' (1996), the authors bring to the fore poetics of botanical knowledge that are centred on particular formal techniques, on sensual experience and on implicit knowledge of plant life: an implicit knowledge which they suggest hinges on experience rather than empirical data. In so doing, they describe how poetic form, such as the dynamic thinking process that couplet rhyming endorses, can address the problem of an anthropocentric cause-and-effect logic that may fall short of capturing the qualities of organic life generally and of plants in particular.


Abstract The cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (CAPC) plus red light have been measured in strains of L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells which differ in their DNA repair capacities. Strain LY‐R, deficient in the excision repair of UV‐induced dimers, was found to be relatively more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of CAPC plus light, whereas strain LY‐S, deficienl in the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks, was more sensitive than strain LY‐R to the mutagenic effects of the treatment. Mutation frequencies were measured in LY‐S and LY‐R sub‐strains which were heterozygous or hemizygous at the thymidine kinase (tk) locus. The mutation frequency at the tk locus induced in the heterozygous strain LY‐SI by CAPC plus light was lower than that induced by an equitoxic dose of ionizing radiation but similar to that induced by an equitoxic dose of UVC radiation: The mutation frequency at the F., dose of CAPC plus light was approximately 1100 per 106 surviving cells. The induced frequency in strain LY‐S1 was much higher than in either tk+l‐heterozygous or ik+10 hemizygous strains of LY‐R. The rate and extent of incorporation of CAPC by the LY‐R strains was somewhat greater than for strain LY‐S1 at early times after CAPC addition, but by the time the cells were irradiated (18 h after CAPC addition) the difference was not great enough to account for the difference in cytotoxicity. It is possible that the cytotoxic and mutagenic lesions differ and that either the quantities of the respective lesions induced or the efficiencies of repair of the respective lesions differ inversely in the two strains.


A nonlinear mathematic model of coning motion taking nutation and precession as variable was established by the dynamic equation based on short period moment projection of the spin projectile,which is transformed into an analytical model by introducing generalized nutation and precession angular rate into the model.The relation of nutation and precession was analyzed,critical condition was obtained for a stable rocket based on linear model.Effects of nutation and precession on limit cycle of coning motion of the projectile were investigated,and satisfied analytical relations between nutation,precession angular rate vs.time at steady coning motion were given for the nonlinear model.


This study examines the factors that can enhance student's academic resilience rom positive psychological perspective. The findings of the study show that protective factors such as relationships, high expectations and significant involvement are the dimensions that can improve the resilience of students who have divorced parents. Distance is not a barrier to parents who do not stay with their children if the communication mediums such as phones and the internet are used to show care, convey parents' expectations and build strong bonding with the children. The problem of divorce may never be totally dismissed from our society.  However, the least we can do is to provide a conducive and functional environment which can make students from the divorced parents more resilient.


Lead-free Ca, Zr co-doped BaTiO3 (BCZT) single crystal with a dimension up to 2mm×2mm×2mm was grown by a spontaneous nucleation technique using KF as the flux. The composition of the studied single crystal was defined to be Ba0.798Ca0.202Zr0.006Ti0.994O3, corresponding to a tetragonal phase at room temperature. The oriented single crystal exhibited a quasi-static piezoelectric constant of approximately 232 pC/N. The effective piezoelectric coefficient d33* of the single domain crystal obtained under a unipolar electric field of 35 kV/cm was 179 pm/V. Rayleigh analysis was used to identify the intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to the room-temperature piezoelectricity of BCZT single crystal. The extrinsic contribution was estimated up to 40% due to the irreversible domain wall movement. Furthermore a sixth-order polynomial of Landau expansion was employed to analyze the intrinsic contribution to piezoelectricity of BCZT single crystal. The large energy barriers inhibited polarization rotations, le...


Doctors listening to the chests of patients with left ventricular failure will remember that not all that wheezes is asthma. Similarly, when low mood strikes our patients we need to remember that not all that weeps is depression. Adjustment disorders, bereavement, …


Competency-based education is essentially a teaching system taking competency requirements for professional positions as the starting point.Competency-based education at new local application-oriented colleges is a personnel training oriented application,takes serving the local economic construction as the mission,is a transform process of these colleges from a middle class to a backbone class,and is the requirement of a market-oriented economy and the essential requirement of socialism.To carry out the competency-based education,the colleges should clarify their professional core competence,build a competency-based curriculum system,optimize a practical teaching system and increase campus cultural activities.