In last decade, the paradigm of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) has integrated industrial manufacturing systems with Cloud Computing technologies for Cloud Manufacturing. Up to 2015, there were many CPS-based manufacturing systems that collected real-time machining data to perform remote monitoring, prognostics and health management, and predictive maintenance. However, these CPS-integrated and network ready machines were not directly connected to the elements of Cloud Manufacturing and required human-in-the-loop. Addressing this gap, we introduced a new paradigm of Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Cloud (CPMC) that bridges a gap between physical machines and virtual space in 2017. CPMC virtualizes machine tools in cloud through web services for direct monitoring and operations through Internet. Fundamentally, CPMC differs with contemporary modern manufacturing paradigms. For instance, CPMC virtualizes machining tools in cloud using remote services and establish direct Internet-based communication, which is overlooked in existing Cloud Manufacturing systems. Another contemporary, namely cyber-physical production systems enable networked access to machining tools. Nevertheless, CPMC virtualizes manufacturing resources in cloud and monitor and operate them over the Internet. This dissertation defines the fundamental concepts of CPMC and expands its horizon in different aspects of cloud-based virtual manufacturing such as Digital Twins and Virtual Production Lines. Digital Twin (DT) is another evolving concept since 2002 that creates as-is replicas of machining tools in cyber space. Up to 2018, many researchers proposed state-of-the-art DTs, which only focused on monitoring production lifecycle management through simulations and data driven analytics. But they overlooked executing manufacturing processes through DTs from virtual space. This dissertation identifies that DTs can be made more productive if they engage directly in direct execution of manufacturing operations besides monitoring. Towards this novel approach, this dissertation proposes a new operable DT model of CPMC that inherits the features of direct monitoring and operations from cloud. This research envisages and opens the door for future manufacturing systems where resources are developed as cloud-based DTs for remote and distributed manufacturing. Proposed concepts and visions of DTs have spawned the following fundamental researches. This dissertation proposes a novel concept of DT based Virtual Production Lines (VPL) in CPMC in 2019. It presents a design of a service-oriented architecture of DTs that virtualizes physical manufacturing resources in CPMC. Proposed DT architecture offers a more compact and integral service-oriented virtual representations of manufacturing resources. To re-configure a VPL, one requirement is to establish DT-to-DT collaborations in manufacturing clouds, which replicates to concurrent resource-to-resource collaborations in shop floors. Satisfying the above requirements, this research designs a novel framework to easily re-configure, monitor and operate VPLs using DTs of CPMC. CPMC publishes individual web services for machining tools, which is a traditional approach in the domain of service computing. But this approach overcrowds service registry databases. This dissertation introduces a novel fundamental service publication and discovery approach in 2020, OpenDT, which publishes DTs with collections of services. Experimental results show easier discovery and remote access of DTs while re-configuring VPLs. Proposed researches in this dissertation have received numerous citations both from industry and academia, clearly proving impacts of research contributions. ©2020 by Md Rakib Shahriar All Rights Reserved


Membrane proteins represent a fascinating group of biomolecules that have evolved to function in both lipid and aqueous environments. X-ray crystallography is proving to be a valuable technique to understand how these proteins perform their myriad of functions. Unlike their aqueous counterparts, however, our understanding of how these biomolecules can be coaxed from their membrane environments using detergents and then encouraged to form well-diffracting crystals is very much a work in progress. This study seeks to address this issue by collating together and analyzing the crystallization data of alpha helical membrane proteins gathered from the Protein Data Bank. This information will hopefully serve as a useful resource for structural biologists and help to increase our knowledge of which conditions are most successful for both initial crystallization and subsequent optimization.


In this paper, we represent sorting algorithm and operation procedure of a sorting network that is a "parallel sorter". This sorter has been programmed by "active-HDL" software and has been examined by "FPGA express" software for being able to be synthesized on FPGA chips. Due to using a structure almost like pipelining, input data and output data are independent of each other, so it is possible to load new unsorted data from input port and to transmit sorted data to output port at the same time. One main attributes of this sorting network program is that it can be easily modified for sorting favorite unsorted data numbers and desirable data length. In this sorter, "N" unsorted data are sorted (from largest to smallest) in maximally "N+2" clock cycles.


ABSTRACT In this paper, an X-band perfect cross-polarization convertor (CPC) that consists of Γ-shaped metal patch imprinted on a metal-backed FR-4 dielectric substrate is designed, analyzed, and characterized. The unit cell dimensions of the developed structure are optimized to achieve more than 99.9% polarization conversion ratio (PCR) for a frequency range of 8–12 GHz (X-band) at normal incidence angle. The performance of device exhibits 80% PCR value as a function of angle of incidence up to 40°. The analytical finding and experimental characteristics of the designed structure agree well with the simulated results. In addition, the developed device has been thoroughly analyzed numerically for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction using phase cancellation techniques which exhibits 10-dB mono-static RCS reduction over a frequency band 7.7 GHz to 13.7 GHz. The developed device is highly suitable for radar stealth applications.


Expressions for computing the carrier concentration and mobility as a function of temperature previously derived have been used for SiC layers. Groups of curves obtained for various parameters of this material illustrate the analysis presented. These curves give carrier concentration and mobility-versus-temperature data, and liquid-nitrogen carrier mobility versus compensation ratio data, for n- and p-type layers. A practical method of determination of the degree of compensation is proposed from Hall effect measurements at 300 K and 77 K. To verify these calculations, examples of determination of SiC layer parameters are shown, as well as a fitting of experimental mobility curves over the entire temperature range 30 K-450 K.


— Objective: This study aimed to describe the aspects related to health and science during the pandemic caused by Sars-Cov-2.


The issue of cow preservation is predominantly seen as a battle between communal/orthodox and liberal/secular ideologies represented by Hindu nationalists and Congress, respectively. In this schema, Hindu nationalists projected themselves as protectors of cow, while Congress seemed to oppose such proposals. The question of how both regimes used cow as a significant symbol for strengthening their politics and positions for favourable political equilibrium in the past 60 years remains under-researched. The article argues that the dynamics of electoral politics in India should not merely be reduced to the ideologies of different political regimes; instead, a critical understanding of successful and timely appropriation of popular religious sensibilities needs to be explored.


Extensive experimental work with electronic dispersion compensation, a critical new technology for Metro 10G networks, was carried out by multiple companies. The results supporting 2400 ps/nm link are presented and form the bases for emerging Telecom application codes.


Lymphangiectasia of Scrotum.-J. H. T. DAVIES, M.B. Mr. J. S. B., aged 32. This peatient first consulted me on March 27 because of a persistent discharge of milky fluid from the scrotum. He was wearing a suspensory bandage made of jaconet filled with wool, to absorb the discharge. The scrotum was macerated and its whole surface dripped a milky fluid; I filled a test tube in about ten seconds by merely holding the open end against the surface. The composition of this milky fluid according to Dr. L. R. Janes is as follows:-


A set of n points in low dimensions takes Theta(n w) bits to store on a w-bit machine. Surface reconstruction and mesh refinement impose a requirement on the distribution of the points they process. I show how to use this assumption to lossily compress a set of n input points into a representation that takes only O(n) bits, independent of the word size. The loss can keep inter-point distances to within 10% relative error while still achieving a factor of three space savings. The representation allows standard quadtree operations, along with computing the restricted Voronoi cell of a point, in time O(w^2 + log n), which can be improved to time O(log n) if w is in Theta(log n). Thus one can use this compressed representation to perform mesh refinement or surface reconstruction in O(n) bits with only a logarithmic slowdown.


Hooda et al (1990) derived the MLEs of the scale (b) and shape (k) parameters of the Fre'chet distribution with censored samples of largest order statistics. In the present study the MLEs of the parameters of Fre'chet distribution are derived from Type-II doubly censored samples of different maxima. Asymptotic variance-covria-nce matrices are derived and computed numerically for censored proportions q1 = 0.1(0.1)0.8 from below and q2 = 0.1 (O.1)(0.9-q1)from above and for second, third and 1 fourth maxima. Asymptotic relative efficiencies of the estimates have been studied under double censoring relative to different maxima and magnitude of censoring.


Site evaluation for transportation routes and engineering structures located in limestone bedrock regions is often difficult. The highly irregular soil-bedrock interface and the presence of subsurface cavities make the results of such an investigation highly uncertain. A methodology has been prepared to assist the engineer with the planning of a thorough site evaluation that will minimize the degree of uncertainty. Preliminary studies consisting of the compilation of data from existing sources such as physiographic, engineering soils, pedologic, surficial and bedrock geology, topographic, drainage, and overburden thickness maps and reports are essential. A review of the current methods of remote sensing such as aerial photography, reflective and thermal infrared imagery, radar, radiometric data, and multispectral imagery is included. Combining this information with a knowledge of certain geologic indicators will identify areas that are more suitable to the siting of the route or structure under study. Preparation of a sinkhole density map is advocated for projects involving large areas. Areas of uncertainty can be further investigated employing geophysical techniques such as gravity, ground-probing radar, magnetics, seismic refraction, or electrical resistivity. The problems for which each of these techniques is appropriate are discussed. The compiled information can then be used as a guide to plan the location of subsequent borings.


In this paper the quality parameters of the DVB-C signal transmission in a digital TV network by cable are studied. The measurements in order to analyze the parameters of DVB - C signal were made in Romania, more exactly on the TV network by cable of Targoviste. These measurements refer to the following parameters: BER(Bit Error Rate), MER(Modulation Error Ratio), C/N(carrier-to-noise), margins noise, power signal DVB - C, constellation diagram and frequency spectrum. To evaluate these parameters, an equipment of TV EXPLORER II+ type made by PROMAX Spain was used.


Blueberry contains many substances that are important to the human body and can prevent cardiovascular diseases, protect the retina, and soften blood vessels. Anthocyanin, which is extracted from blueberry, can activate the retina, strengthen vision, reduce serum cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein, and protect cell nucleus tissues from radical oxidation; hence, blueberry is of importance to scientists from different countries. In this study, anthocyanin was extracted and separated from blueberry using ethyl alcohol to investigate the effects of factors, such as ethyl alcohol volume ratio on anthocyanin extraction and separation technologies. The extracting solution was then purified using the macroreticular resin purification method to investigate the effects of ethyl alcohol concentration and eluent dosage on anthocyanin extraction during purification. The research results demonstrated that 60 % ethyl alcohol volume fraction, 1 : 10 mass ratio of solid to liquid, and 60 °C ultrasonic temperature were the best conditions for anthocyanin extraction. The best purification conditions were 95 % ethyl alcohol, which had been acidized by 0.3 % hydrochloric acid and 70 ml of eluent. This work provides a reference for the application of ethyl alcohol in anthocyanin extraction.


There is an increasing level of interest in the use of black TiO2 prepared by thermal hydrogen treatments (H:TiO2) due to the potential to enhance both the photocatalytic and the light-harvesting properties of TiO2. Here, we examine oxygen-deficient H:TiO2 nanotube arrays that have previously achieved very high solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiencies due to incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) values of >90% for photoelectrochemical water splitting at only 0.4 V vs RHE under UV illumination. Our transient absorption (TA) mechanistic study provides strong evidence that the improved electrical properties of oxygen-deficient TiO2 enables remarkably efficient spatial separation of electron–hole pairs on the submicrosecond time scale at moderate applied bias, and this coupled to effective suppression of microsecond to seconds charge carrier recombination is the primary factor behind the dramatically improved photoelectrochemical activity.


Time-nonlocal evolution equations (EEs) are popular theoretical and applied models that introduce time-heterogeneity and memory effects in the classical heat equation. In this thesis we focus on wellposedness and Feynman-Kac formulae for several time-nonlocal EEs. In particular, we define and study a time-nonlocal initial condition, endowing it with probabilistic intuition. The main contribution is the stochastic-classical-wellposedness for the Marchaud EE and the stochastic-weak-wellposedness for the Marchaud-type EE. In the latter case, the kernel defining the nonlocal time derivative is allowed to be time-dependent. As a particular case we treat the Caputo-type inhomogeneous EE.


Abstract For a variety of reasons outlined in the target article and commentaries in this issue, it is difficult to pursue equality in a multi-ethnic democracy. This article responds to issues raised in the commentaries on the target article, then outlines steps that citizens, scientists, and policymakers can all take on the journey from here to equality.


Vector data can be used to generate Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), but in the case of fluvial and coastal plains, according to topographical constrains, the interpolation requires other types of intervention to achieve a result of quality. For Mexico, neither data base check points nor LiDAR Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) are available for such areas, so that vector data are frequently used to generate DEMs. This lack of information led us to propose a method to obtain an alternative DEM by using the available vector data, especially because these fluvial and coastal plains are frequently affected by floods. The RMSE (root mean square error) as well as the standard deviation of the generated DEM are lower (0.0074 and 0.0059) than for the LiDAR DTM (0.0945 and 0.0793). On the other hand, the validation is also based on the comparison of flood simulation applied to the resulting DEM and the corresponding LiDAR DTM. The area covered by the simulated flood is 716.63 km2 for the resulting DEM; meanwhile, an area of 787.82 km2 is obtained using LiDAR DTM. Concerning the volume, this is 1.02 km3 for the DEM and 0.86 km3 for the LiDAR DTM.


A major step is now occurring in the advancement of precision medicine in the treatment of cancer. A record number of cancer patients are now being enrolled in a trial that is like none other before and marks a new era in treating cancer.


Intersubunit cross‐linked creatine kinase (CK) has been prepared with the cross‐linking reagent dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DTSP). Unfolding of cross‐linked CK during denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride (GuHC1), as monitored by intrinsic fluorescence, circular dichroism and fluorescence of the hydrophobic probe, 1‐aniline‐naphthalene‐8‐sulfonate (ANS), occurs in two stages with increasing GuHC1 concentration. The process is similar to that of the unmodified enzyme, but in the second stage, conformational changes of the cross‐linked enzyme need higher concentration of GuHC1, suggesting that there is a stable intermediate during its unfolding transition and the intermediate is stabilized by intersubunit cross‐linkage.


INTRODUCTION: Byssinosis is one of the oldest occupational lung disease, which is incurable and is caused by inhalation of cotton dust. Byssinosis is preventable disease. Still this disease kills thousands of workers around the worlds every year. Various studies have should that the textile workers due not having awareness regarding byssinosis and its prevention. In this study, distribution of booklet among textile workers is an attempt to improve the knowledge regarding byssinosis and it/s prevention.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Assess the awareness regarding byssinosis & its prevention among textile workers.
METERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive study was carried out to assess the awareness of 100 textile workers selected by purposive sampling, who were workers in different textile mill in Jodhpur Rajasthan were assessed by using a structured knowledge questionnaire and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
RESULT: The findings of the study reveals that to the level of awareness shows that majority (73%) of the sample had poor awareness followed by 19% had good awareness and remaining (8%) sample had average awareness regarding byssinosis and its prevention. However the majority of the demographic variables such as age, level of education, marital status, religion, monthly income, working experience, type of work, working hours per day and existing pulmonary disease were found significant association with the level of awareness regarding Byssinosis and its prevention except age of starting work and duration of smoking.
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that textile workers have poor awareness regarding byssinosis as per current research recommendations. They require education and to enhance their awareness regarding byssinosis. Self-information booklets were distributed to them to improve the awareness regarding byssinosis and its prevention.
KEY WORDS: Awareness, Textile workers, Byssinosis, Information booklet.


289 A 46-year-old man with Kartagener's Syndrome (primary ciliary diskinesia, autosomal recessive disorder with dextrocardia, situs inversus, bronchiectasis and paranasal sinusitis) presented with new onset angina. Coronary arteriography revealed severe three-vessel disease with occluded left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. Due to severe pulmonary disease, coronary artery bypass surgery was not considered as the first therapeutic option. He underwent successful percutaneous multivessel revascularisation with implantation of paclitaxel-eluting stents. Control coronary angiography nine months after the procedure revealed no signs of restenosis. The patient remains asymptomatic at two years. Image in cardiology


Abstract Background: Frailty associates with cognitive decline and incident dementia in older adults. The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) has highlighted blood pressure (BP) control as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment. Using data from SPRINT, we explore whether frailty status, based on a frailty index (FI), prospectively associates with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and whether the effect of intensive BP control on these outcomes varies by frailty status. Methods: SPRINT randomized participants to either to an systolic BP goal of <120 mmHg (intensive treatment) or a goal of <140 mmHg (standard treatment). We used Cox regression to model the association of the FI with MCI and dementia, and to conduct subgroup analyses by frailty status for the effect of intensive treatment. Results: We include 9307 participants, with the majority categorized as pre-frail (0.100.21, 38.0%). Adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and treatment group, a 0.1 increase in the FI was associated with increased risk for MCI (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.58) and dementia (HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.56, 2.08). There was weak evidence of an interaction between frailty status and intensive treatment for the composite outcome of MCI and dementia (p=0.03), with a beneficial effect of intensive treatment in pre-frail participants (HR=0.71 95% CI: 0.58, 0.89), and a largely null effect in frail participants (HR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.18). Conclusions: Frailty status may modify the effect of intensive BP control on MCI and dementia.


Adherence to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remains a concern among non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We aimed to assess patterns of adherence with DOACs and examine their association with ischemic stroke and systemic embolism (SE).


Pre-school play is an important moment in a child's development.  Caretakers play an important role during play. This article presents a structure of educational competence called "constructive empathizing" or "invitingaccompanying competence". A caretaker's special task during child's play is conversion between the third-person knowledge and a subjective, autotelic interaction. The caretaker's constructive empathizing during a child's play determines the child's social and moral development, it helps the child to turn play into work, as a sign of higher spontaneous understanding of cultural norms standing behind cultural correctness actions. Finally, it is evidence of dynamic interaction between abstract-concrete thinking, with the child learning from the caretaker.


556Background: Both incidence of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) and use of diagnostic radiation have increased in recent decades. In a quarter of diagnostic scans in children, direct and indirect radiation dose to the testes exceeds 20 mSv, which surpasses thresholds associated with malignancy risk (~5 mSv). Here, we examine the association between exposure to diagnostic radiation and TGCT risk in a case-control study. Methods: Cases were enrolled in a hybrid hospital- and population-based setting and controls were recruited from the community. Participants reported on exposures to x-ray/CT below the waist and lower GI series, and we derived a combined variable for any exposure. After imputation to infer missing data, we compared baseline characteristics and used multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age and race to determine the risk of developing TGCT according to number of exposures and age at first exposure. Results: As expected, cases (n = 1088) were more likely than controls (n = 1458) ...


We describe a general method of obtaining the constraints between area variables in one approach to area Regge calculus, and illustrate it with a simple example. The simplicial complex is the simplest tessellation of the 4-sphere. The number of independent constraints on the variations of the triangle areas is shown to be equal to the difference between the numbers of triangles and edges. A general method of choosing these independent constraints is described. The constraints chosen by using our method are shown to imply the Regge equations of motion in our example.


Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans: Case for Diagnosis. A. C. ROXBURGH, M.D. Patient, male, aged 45, mining and oil engineer, complains of red patches on the legs of some years' duration; there is also tinea between the toes. History.-Has been abroad for many years in places where leprosy is endemic, such as South Africa, Colombia and Venezuela. In 1927 had " malaria" badly. Noticed for the first time " roughness of skin with red spots" about the ankles, but not elsewhere. The condition resembled chapped skin." In 1928 condition " more like prickly heat," but still confined to ankles. In the middle of 1931, patches suddenly increased and became more definite. If not kept greasy with ointment they became scaly and irritable. Present condition.-Healthy looking man with a dusky-red, slightly shiny, and very slightly scaly area 4 by 5 in. in diameter below the right inner malleolus. This is the oldest lesion. Separated from this by a narrow band of depigmented but otherwise normal skin is a rather paler area measuring 8 by 6 in. and covering the inner side of the leg. The affected skin is very slightly infiltrated and the epidermis shows some "cigarette-paper wrinkling." Below the patch on the inner side of this ankle there appears to be some depigmentation. On the outer side of the left ankle there is a similar patch measuring 5 by 3 in. with a little depigmentation below it. On the back of the left calf are the most recent areas which are irregular in size and shape, but all have definite margins and are characterized by redness of the follicles upon them. The only alteration of sensation which can be detected is a definite hypersesthesia to light scratching with a pin on the new areas on the back of the left calf. No ancesthesia can be detected at all, although there is possiblv some slight dulling of thermal sensation on the oldest lesion. The rest of the skin appears to be healthy except that there is general flushing of the skin of the upper trunk with reddened follicles. Mucous membrane of mouth healthy. No enlarged lymph-glands can be found anywhere, nor any thickening of superficial nerves, e.g. ulnar or peroneal. Pathological examinations (Dr. Robert Klaber).Epidermophyton rubrum (Castellani, 1909) found in scrapings from between fourth and fifth toes, both feet. No fungus or acid-fast bacilli seen in scrapings from margin of patch on leg. No acid-fast bacilli seen in smears from both sides of nasal septum. Wassermann reaction negative (Dr. Archer). Blood-count: R.B.C. 5,350,000 per c.mm.; Hb. 93% ; C.I. 0-9; W.B.C. 3,800 per c.mm. Differential Per cent. Per e.mm. Polymorphs ... ... 68 ... 2,584 Lymphocytes ... ... 19 ... 722 Monocytes ... ... 11 ... 418 Eosinophils ... ... 1 ... 38 Basophils ... ... 1 ... 38


In recent years, several countries have proposed targets for carbon neutrality in energy, and the transformation of energy systems has become a research hotspot. As a system capable of coupling multi-energy, achieving high penetrations of renewable energy, and improving energy efficiency, the integrated energy system will take on more responsibility under the carbon neutrality target. This paper uses GAPSO (which combines genetic algorithm with particle swarm optimisation algorithm, has a faster iteration speed, and avoids local optimisation) to solve the Pareto frontier set considering the system operation costs and carbon emission. The system operation costs are described using Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) to predict the stochastic output of the renewable energy source and a penalty function based on the predicted mean vote (PMV) model to describe the thermal comfort of the user, which is solved using the genetic algorithm (GA) algorithm. The carbon emission is calculated using the carbon accounting method.


In geotechnical engineering, large quantities of clays are used as mineral components in waste disposal Containment Systems. However, typical occurring problems are the reduction of the sorption capacity for heavy metal ions in saline environments and shrinking of the clays when exposed to either elevated temperatures or leachate with high concentrations of components. Therefore, current research on barrier Systems focuses on alternative materials with a low hydraulic conductivity and high sorption capacities of inorganic and organic pollutants. In this study, the applicabiiity of hydroxy-intercalated and pillared clays (PILC) for waste disposal ContainmentSystems was investigated.The investigationswere focused on the long-term stability of these materials and on their sorption behavior for heavy-metal ions and organic Compounds. PILC are produced from 2:1 clay minerals by exchange of the interlayer cations with inorganic polyhydroxo-cations (hydroxy-intercalated clays) and subsequent calcination (PILC). During calcination, the polyhydroxo-cations are transformedinto oxidic pillars. By intercalation of the polyhydroxo-cations and pillars, micropores are created. Thus, the montmorillonite interlayers become accessible also for non-polar organic molecules. Due to Brenstedt and Lewis acid sites, the surfaces of the polyhydroxocations and pillars are chemically reactive. Proceeding from these properties, the temperature stability and the reduced swelling of hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonites, the applicabiiity of these materials as sorbing and sealing componentsof waste disposal ContainmentSystems was investigated. By Variation of the raw clay, the intercalated polyhydroxo-cations, and the temperature of the calcination, hydroxy-intercalated and pillared clays with different physicochemical properties were produced. Based on easy producibility, temperature stability, and chemical composition, AIand Zrhydroxy-intercalated and pillared MX80 (MX80: bentonite with 75 wt.-% Na-montmorillonite) were selected as starting materials for the followinginvestigationsof sorption behavior and long-term stability. The sorption behaviorin both ultrapurewater and artificial leachte was studied in batch experimentsand, for selected pollutants, additionally in percolation experiments. The sorbates were chosen due to their environmental relevance. The heavy metals Cd, Cu Pb and Zn in their dissolved form served as inorganic sorbates. The organic sorbates were the organic bases 3-chloroanilineand atrazine, and 3chlorophenol, which represented organic Compounds of acidic behavior. The sorption of Cu, Pb, and Zn ions (pH 4.9) and Cd ions (pH 6.9) by AIand Zr-hydroxyintercalated and pillared MX80 was dominated by cation exchange, which was also the governing sorption mechanism of the raw bentonite. Consequently,the bonding of the heavy-metal cations was essentially reversible and decreased with increasing salinity of the sorbate. However at pH 6.9, high quantities of Zn-ionswere sorbed by the AIand Zr-hydroxy-mtercalated and pillared bentonites, which exceeded the cation exchange capacity of these materials and were partially non-exchangeable. The sorption of Zn ions by Al-hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonite was essentiallyindependent of the salinity of the sorbate. In general, the pillared bentonites exhibited a lower sorption capacity than their uncalcinedprecursors. The specific sorption was attributed to the complexation of Zn ions with surface hydroxyl groups of the intercalated polyhydroxo-cations and pillars. Especially the Al-polyhydroxocations and pillars exhibited a high affinity for Zn-ions. The pH-dependence of the surface complexation of the Zn ions was confirmedm the percolation experiments. The Zn ions were dissolved in artificial leachate. The exchange of AI and Zr ions and protons of the pillars with cations of the leachate caused a decrease in pH and thus, only a weak sorption of Zn. In the course of the Kurzfassung/Abstract ix experiment,the pH of the Solution and the sorption of Zn increased. For the practical use it has to be eonsidered that a specific sorption of Zn ions from aqueous Solutions is only possible after cation exchange at the hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonites, which is coupled with an acidic discharge. It was shown in batch experiments that especially Zrand to a lesser degree Al-pillared bentonitesexhibit high sorption potentials for 3-chloroaniline and atrazine. The sorption of organic bases oecurs mainly via H-bonding and depends strongly on the ionic potential of the interlayer cations and on the aeidity of the montmorillonite. The high sorption capacity of pillared bentonite for atrazine was confirmed in percolation experiments. However, sorption can be limited by high pH-values of the sorbate. Compared with organic bases, the sorption capacity of AIand Zrhydroxy-intercalatedand pillared bentonitesfor 3-chlorophenol was lower. AIand Zr-hydroxyand pillared bentonites always sorbed higher quantities of 3-chloroaniline, atrazine, and 3-chlorophenol than the raw bentonite. 11n dependence on the pH-value of the sorbate, about the same retardation of Zn-ions was achieved with Al-pillared bentonite and granulatedactivated carbon in percolation experiments. The high sorption capacity of granulated activated carbon for organic Compounds was achieved by Zr-pillared bentonite for the sorption of atrazine in uitrapure water. Studies of the long-term stabilityof AIand Zr-hydroxy-intercalatedand pillared bentonites under the simulated conditions of a basal barrier of a waste disposal site revealed that the intercalatedpolyhydroxocations and pillars collapsed with time. This lead to a decrease in surface area and microporevolume. In the interlayers of Al-hydroxy-intercalated bentonite, incomplete Al-hydroxide Sheetsformed.The sorption of Zn ions by the aged sorbents was reduced at high initial concentrations. Also the sorption of 3chloroanilinewas reduced. In contrast, the sorption of atrazine was hardly affected by the ageing of the sorbents. It can be summarized that AIand Zr-hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonites exhibit higher sorption capacities than the raw bentonite for Zn ions at neutral pH, for chlorophenol, chloroaniline, atrazine, and probably for many more organic Compounds. Therefore, they can be used principally as sorbents in the purification of contaminated water for the remediation of contaminated soils, and as carriers, e.g. for pestieides in agricultural practices. The material can be supplied in various grain sizes and can be recycled. Thus, it can be variably implemented and used. When the material gets into contact with saline sorbate, initial acidic discharges have to be eonsidered. If necessary, this effect probably can be reduced by a pretreatment of the material. A long-term application of AIand Zr-hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonites, e.g. as sorbents in bamers of waste disposal sites or reactive walls, has to be eonsidered aecording to the expected variety of environmental pollutants and to the physico-chemical conditions during Operation The experimentshave shown that the breakdown of the polyhydroxo-cations and pillars during ageing at the simulated conditions of a basal barrier of a waste disposal site causes a decrease in the sorption capacity of AIand Zr-hydroxy-intercalated and pillared bentonites for inorganic and organic Compounds.


bowel and adjacent mesentery in a patient with known von Recklinghausen's disease. The small-bowel series of that patient showed eccentric polypoid filling defects along the mesenteric aspect of the mid ileum. Ginsburg suggested that this radiographic appearance might be diagnostic of plexiform neurofibromatosis. We present a similar case. Ginsburg's observations [ 1 1 allowed us, using enteroclysis, to make the correct preoperative diagnosis of neurotibromatosis in a patient who was not known to have von Recklinghausen's disease.


In the early 2000s Brazil had established itself as the world's largest exporter of poultry meat, the same period in which the emergence of HPAI global outbreaks was observed. To ensure the national health quality of Brazilian poultry product, MAPA organized an official AI surveillance program. In the first stage, during the period between January 2004 and March 2005, 106.226 sera were collected and 7.017 tracheal and cloacae pools of swabs were obtained from intensive commercial broiler farms. No AI virus isolation was obtained, however, an epidemiological cluster was identified in the state of Rondonia, outlined by the interpolation of data related to municipalities' geographic location and serological response to AI in ELISA tests. Between 2006 and 2007, during the second stage, three AI surveillance actions were executed in: 1) intensive commercial broiler farms, 2) breeding farms and 3) migratory and backyard birds. There was neither serological response identification nor IA virus isolation in birds belonging to groups 1 and 2. H3 LPAI subtype viruses were isolated from migratory birds captured in the states of Para and Pernambuco. H2, H3 and H4 LPAI subtypes were also identified in backyard birds from samples collected in the states of Amazonas, Para, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. There are health risks to LPAI associated to wild and backyard bird populations located in areas close to commercial farms. Additional studies are needed for risk assessment regarding the possibility of AI introduction in the Brazilian commercial poultry system.


A woman aged 82 years, who was known to have a diaphragmatic hernia, became depressed, confused, and irritable, anid because of this she was put on to chlorpromazine 25 mg. daily for 124 weeks. At the end of this time she was very much improved and the chlorpromazine was discontinued. Nineteen days later -she felt generally unwell and complained of upper abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Fourteen days after the onset of these symptoms, and 33 days after discontinuing the chlorpromazine, she became clinically jaundiced and bile appeared in the urine. She was afebrile, and the liver edge was palpable and tender. The serum bilirubin, as one would expect, was above normal, but her haemoglobin, leucocytes, blood film, and serum proteins were normal. There was no history of contact with a case of infectious hepatitis, and indeed it is over two years since a case of infectious hepatitis was seen in this practice. Within 10 days the jaundice had disappeared and she was symptom-free.


During most of the 19th century, the UK was the primary driver of economic globalisation in Brazil. In the early 20th century, the US surpassed the British as Brazil's main economic partner. Since 2009, China has become Brazil's most important trade partner. Nowadays, Washington pushes for deglobalisation, while Beijing paves the way to reinforce globalisation. Accordingly, the global interconnection of the Brazilian economy increasingly depends on China. This article analyses how China is globalising the Brazilian economy, comparing this case with how the UK and the US did it in the past. The analysis considers indicators on trade and investment patterns. Both globalisation theory and the new theory of globalisers guide this study.


Projection Over Convex Sets (POCS) is one of the most widely used algorithms to interpolate seismic datasets. A formal understanding of the underlying objective function and the associated optimization process is however lacking to date in the literature. We show that POCS can be interpreted as the application of the Half-Quadratic Splitting (HQS) method to the $L_0$ norm of an orthonormal projection of the sought after data, constrained on the available traces. Similarly, the apparently heuristic strategy of using a decaying threshold in POCS is revealed to be the result of the continuation strategy that HQS must employ to converge to a solution of the minimizer. In light of our new theoretical understanding, we suggest that other methods able to solve this convex optimization problem, such as Chambolle-Pock Primal-Dual algorithm, may lead to a new POCS-like method with superior interpolation capabilities at nearly the same computational cost of the industry-standard POCS method.


ABSTRACT Studying the relationship between city government's performance in public service and residents' trust in the government is of great significance to public management of Chinese cities. The article observed the relation between political trust from Hong Kong resident and public expenditure ratio of Hong Kong government. It indicates from the empirical study that the relation between political trust and public expenditure ratio is positive significantly under the current social environment in Hong Kong. Hong Kong government should devote itself to improving residential livelihood standard and supply level of public goods to maintain a prosperous economy and stable social status in Hong Kong.


ABSTRACT We describe the Image Tagger system – a web-based tool for supporting collaborative image indexing in a classroom environment. The tool has been used in three successive graduate-level classes on Content Representation at Drexel University, Philadelphia. To fully satisfy the class' requirements and provide support for student indexing activities, it was designed and developed iteratively in accordance with the feedback and suggestions from the students as well as the instructor. The tool was well received by most students. They expressed a positive opinion toward collaboration support and thought it enhanced the overall learning experience in the class' image indexing project. Categories and Subject Descriptors H.5.2 [Information Storage and Retrieval]: Digital Libraries – User issues; K.3.1 [Computers and Education ]: Computer Uses in Education General Terms Design, Human Factors Keywords Collaboration, Digital Library Education, Image Indexing, Metadata, Repositories, User Interfaces


quotations from that criticism, including summaries of the romance plots taken from it, his own comments are lean, spare, skeletal, unde veloped. It is ironic that a book concerned with the layout of texts should have an unhelpful layout itself. Evans divides his text into small blocks and uses several hierarchies of headings to show the relation of the parts. Unfortunately, this presentation, along with a lack of transi tional statements, requires that the reader frequently turn backward and forward to understand how an individual section fits into the larger structure of the chapter. Those with a serious interest in Middle English romances and ro mance manuscripts would be wise to read this monograph, for it does contain some valuable information and insights, especially about the different versions of romances and the implications of the fact that cer tain groups of romances frequently occur together in manuscripts. However, the reader should not expect an easy passage through the rel atively small number of pages (about 100) of text. Caveat lector: ap proach with caution and, above all, with patience.


Supported lipid bilayer (SLB) represents a kind of well-established model cell membrane and is also used for many biosensors or biodevices. Here, for the first time, we use molecular dynamics simulation to study the effects of nanoparticle (NP) adsorption on SLB. In our simulations, the surface charge properties and the heating effects of NPs are investigated. Results show that NPs' adsorption behavior, SLB's diffusion ability, and local order parameter distribution are largely dominated by the property of the NPs' surface charge. Meanwhile the NPs' heating can increase the nearby lipids' and water's thermal motions, thus disrupting the surface charge's domination on the aforementioned properties. Besides, we find that the solid support may induce more intense thermal motions but poorer diffusion ability for the lipid leaflet closer to the support. This study provides useful insights on the NPs' disruption to the functioning of the biological membrane and the performance of SLB-based biosensors or biodevices.


The actuator of a particleboard glue-dosing system, the glue pump motor, is affected by external disturbances and unknown uncertainty. In order to achieve accurate glue-flow tracking, in this paper, a glue pump motor compound control method was designed. First, the prescribed performance control method is used to improve the transient behaviors, and the error of the glue flow tracking is guaranteed to converge to a preset range, as a result of the design of an appropriate performance function. Second, two extended state observers were designed to estimate the state vector and the disturbance, in order to improve the robustness of the controlled system. To further strengthen the steady-state performance of the system, the sliding-mode dynamic surface control method was introduced to compensate for uncertainties and disturbances. Finally, a Lyapunov stability analysis was conducted, in order to prove that all of the signals are bounded in a closed-loop system, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method were verified through numerical simulation.


To take advantage of reduced on-site construction periods and minimize traffic impacts various types of steel grid composite deck have been developed since 1930`s. Modular prefabricated unfilled grid decks permit a long-distance transportation and construction under unfavorable condition, for example, in mountainous regions due to its comparatively light-weighter structure than fully filled grid deck. In this study bending tests of unfilled grid decks for the deck member of various kinds of infrastructure are carried out, bending strength and behaviour of composite action are experimentally evaluated. In this bending test, design variables are considered, such as type of shear connection between steel grid and concrete slab, spacing between cross bars and thickness of concrete slab. Through test results bending strength and behaviour of composite action are evaluated, reference data for proper type of shear connection and other details of the deck, such as spacing between cross bars, are obtained.


If computing is truly a universal technology, we need to disentangle it from national secrets. The first Web extra at http://youtu.be/r-kIJQu4iDQ is an audio recording of author David Alan Grier reading his Errant Hashtag column in which he discusses how if computing is truly a universal technology, we need to disentangle it from national secrets.


Intraoral swellings present as a diagnostic challenge to the clinician, the most bourgeois being mucocele and ranula. An intraoral ranula has been defined as a retention cyst due to ductal obstruction and fluid retention of the sublingual salivary gland on the floor of the mouth. The name "ranula" has been derived from the latin word "Rana" meaning "Frog." We hereby report a case of triennial recurrent ranula located in the floor of mouth, treated successfully by surgical excision by injecting an irreversible impression material to delineate the cystic lining of the lesion, after which the patient recovered unvariedly.


Supply chain coordination has gained considerable notice lately from both practitioners and researchers. This paper develops a model for illustrating how to use credit period to achieve supply chain coordination. A single vendor and a single buyer in a two-echelon supply chain are considered. The proposed model focuses on a centralised decision in the supply chain. We discuss how the credit period is to be determined in order to achieve channel coordination and a win–win outcome. Coordination can be achieved only in this case where both parties get a cost lower than the one in the case without coordination. The proposed model can improve the global system performance and its cost efficiency. Also, numerical examples are solved to show the efficiency of the proposed model.


s— NOSE.—Ozsena.—Ozaena Vaccines.—Parosmia ... ... ... ... 409 LAEYNX.—Ankylosis of the Crico-arytsenoid Joint.—Early Training of Defective Speech ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 410 EAB.—The Barany Test in Pathologic Cases.—Tests for Malingering.— Sound Perception in Deaf-mutes.—Modification in the Treatment of Intracranial Complications of Otites. Temporal and Occipital Trephining.—The Anrist and Lip-reading.—Central Deafness.—Vestibular Reactions in Central Nervous Disease.—Cerebral Abscess of Otitic Origin with Aseptic Meningitis.—Injuries of the External Auditory Canal resulting from Projectiles.—Congenital Fistula of Ear.— Ear Protectors. —Osteo-selerosis of the Temporal Bone in Chronic Suppuration.—Changes Methods and Advances in the Treatment of Progressive Deafness following Chronic Hyperplastic Otitis Media.—Cerebro-spinal Fever.—Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Exemption from Military Service. — Syndrome of Gradenigo Following a Case of Acute Mastoiditis Complicated by Phlebitis of the Cavernous Sinus. ... ... ... ... . •• 411 MISCELLANEOUS.—Tic Douloureux.Treatment by Alcohol Injections. 421


Abstract Let {Xn}∞n=1be a sequence of free, identically distributed random variables with common distributionμ. Then there exist sequences {Bn}∞n=1and {An}∞n=1of positive and real numbers, respectively, such that sequence of random variables[formula]converges in distribution to the semicircle law if and only if the function[formula]is slowly varying in Karamata's sense. In other words, the free domain of attraction of the semicircle law coincides with the classical domain of attraction of the Gaussian. We prove an analogous result for normal domains of attraction in the sense of Linnik.


Map shows mid-nineteenth century Galveston, Texas block numbers, street names, and land ownership. Insets show Galveston railroads. Inset: "Map of Galveston Bay from the U. S. Coast Survey," "Division of block into lots between 29th and 33rd streets," and "Division of block into lots." Includes table of "references." Map comes from W. & D. Richardson's Galveston Directory for 1859-60. Scale [1:600,000].


This paper reviews how Austin's illocutionary act theory is used in face-to-face communication and online communication. In the aspect of face-to-face interaction, this paper places attention on the use of polite language and interaction in ESL (English as a second language) classrooms. In terms of online interaction, this paper explored interaction on Facebook and the use of memes, emoticons, emojis and stickers. After reviewing several research, this paper concluded that when talking face-to-face, the level of formality, gender, and cultural background affects people's polite language. In ESL classrooms, the power, distance and rate of imposition affect teachers' and students' choice of language. However, the result of speech acts preference on Facebook is conflict. Previous research pointed out that memes can be categorized as communicative speech acts. Evidence shows that positive emoticons are preferred, which can improve friendships and vice versa. The review of literature contributes to further studies on the illocutionary act analysis of ESL classrooms in China and the communicative effectiveness of memes on the receivers.


In this paper,drawing on the research of chemical industry park emergency rescue system and EMRC system,the emergency response capability assessment system for the petrochemical industry,including 5 first indicators,23 secondary indicators,16 three indicators,was founded based on public safety theory,and referring to the public emergency response capability assessment system.An example was put in practice.The process of determining the level of emergency response capacity can be divided into three steps.Firstly,initial data of three indicators should be obtained;secondly,the AHP method was used to determine the weight of indicators at all levels,and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied to determine the classification target value;thirdly,the extension goodness evaluation method was applied to make a comprehensive evaluation for first indicators,then determine the level of emergency response capability.


This is a longitudinal study comprising 649 Escherichia coli (EC) isolates representing all 7165 EC-BSI episodes recorded in a hospital (1996-2016). Strains analysis included clonal identification (phylogenetic groups/subgroups, STc131 subclades, PFGE, and WGS), antibiotic susceptibility (13 antibiotics), and virulence-associated genes (VAGs, 29 genes). The incidence of BSI-EC increased from 1996 to 2016 (5.5 to 10.8 BSI episodes/1000 hospitalizations, average 7-8/1000). B2 isolates predominate (53%), subgroups B2-I (STc131), B2-II, B2-IX, and B2-VI representing 25%, 25%, 14%, and 9%, respectively. Intertwined waves of community-acquired (CA) + healthcare-associated and community-onset healthcare-associated (HCA), and hospital-acquired (HA) episodes of both B2 and non-B2 phylogroups occurred. A remarkable increase was only observed for B2-I-STc131 (C1/C2 subclades), with oscillations for other B2 subgroups and phylogroups throughout the years. Epidemic and persistent clones (comprising isolates with highly similar/identical-PFGE types and genomes differing in 18-97 SNPs) of B2-I (STc131), B2-II (STc73), B2-III (STc127), B2-IX (STc95), and B2-VI (STc12) were recovered from different patients, most at hospital admission, for long periods (2-17 years), ESBL producers or resistance to ciprofloxacin in B2 isolates were almost restricted to B2-I (STc131) subclade C. STc131 contributed to increasing the B2 rates but only transiently altered the EC-population structure. The increase of EC-BSI was determined by waves of CA+HCA-BSI episodes that predate the waves of HA-BSI. Besides the risk of hospital transmission that led to temporal increases in BSIs, this study suggests that EC-populations/clones from community-based healthy individuals may occasionally have an epidemic structure and provide a source of transmissible strains influencing the HA-BSIs incidence. IMPORTANCE Sepsis is the third cause of mortality in Western countries and one of the Global Health threads recognized by the WHO since 2017. Despite Escherichia coli constitutes the most common cause of bloodstream infections (BSI), its epidemiology is not fully understood, in part due to the scarcity of local and longitudinal studies. Our work analyzes the long-term dynamics of E. coli causing bacteremia in a single institution and reveals waves of different clonal lineages that emerge periodically and successfully spread afterward in both the community and hospitals. Because the origin of BSI-E. coli infections is the gut, the microbiota of healthy individuals might occasionally have an epidemic structure, providing a source of E. coli strains to influence the incidence of hospital BSIs. The study complements previous fractionated observations focusing on specific E. coli lineages or antibiotic-resistant isolates in the last decades and helps to understand the epidemiology of E. coli BSIs and the dynamics of pandemic clones.


Previous studies of the title problem have produced only partial solutions for this classical configuration. The present study shows how complete solutions are readily obtained from simple polynomial expressions. Numerical results in graphical form are presented for a steel shell submerged in water as functions of a parameter related to the shell's thickness‐to‐radius ratio. It is found that descriptions based upon added‐mass and added‐damping perturbations of the shell's in vacuo free‐vibration characteristics can be misleading.


Different analytical modelling showed that metronomic chemotherapeutic (MCT) strategy is a better option than maximum tolerable dosing (MTD) for the treatment of cancer under the condition of malignancy. In this work, a major physiological constraint, drug clearance rate has been considered. Incorporating it into analytical state-space models, the transformation of the overall system has been examined through computer simulations. Accumulation of drug, dead tumor cells and metabolites produced by living tumor cells in turn affect the subsequent drug application and thereby the therapeutic procedure and its outcome. Simulation results suggest that subsequent drug administration delay increases gradually with time due to this constraint.


Discrepancy between predicted and actual achievement scores was standardized within China, Japan, and the United States; 85 of 738 fourth-grade students were identified as underachievers. An equal-sized group of students achieving in the expected range was created with a matching procedure. All subjects responded to open-ended questions addressing their beliefs about the reasons for successful and unsuccessful mathematics performance. The students' responses were categorized and analyzed according to Weiner's attributional theory of achievement motivation. Asian students perceived controllable causes, particularly effort, to play a greater role in performance outcomes than did their American peers. Implications are discussed regarding the role causal beliefs and cultural factors may play in the underachievement phenomenon.


The period 1956-1957 was a major turning point in every respect throughout the world and in China as well. It was marked by a succession of events of major importance, such as the launching of Sputnik, the censure of Stalin in the USSR, the Hungarian putsch, the development of the peace movement and the liberation struggle in Afro-Asian countries, the new evolution of the international communist movement, the beginning of a new — the third — stage of the general crisis of world capitalism, etc. In China, with the rapid development of its socialist construction, contradictions became serious, necessitating democratization of the country at all costs. It was only natural for the peasants and working people — who had risen up for socialist reforms and entrusted all their private possessions to the state and to the collectives — to demand democracy more strongly; they put their fate in the hands of the state, and thus they had to make their state all the more their own. This demand was reflected in the drive ...


Disclosed in the present invention are a method, a wireless router device and a user equipment (UE) for WiFi communication, the method comprising: reception by the wireless router device of a request from the UE, said request comprising authentication request parameters to authenticate the UE; transmission of the authentication request parameters to a client identification module (CIM); obtaining from the CIM an expected authentication result generated by the CIM according to the authentication request parameters and an authentication key stored in the CIM; transmission to the UE of a response to said request, the response comprising the expected authentication result. The present invention enables the wireless router device to obtain an expected authentication result from the CIM and transmit same to the UE, enabling the UE to utilize the expected authentication result to directly access the WiFi communication network and take full advantage of its own WiFi capability. The complexity and developmental difficulty of the wireless router device are also reduced.


The bacteria used in the experiment are Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans separated from acidic mine water in sulphide deposits. The chemoautotrophic bacteria can act directly on sulphides and accelerate the oxidation of sulphides. The experiment shows that the bacteria, as an important microbial factor of gold's supergenous enrichment within the oxidized zones of sulphide deposits, are helpful to dissolve gold and silver in ferric sulphate. In the bacterial oxidation process, the precipitation of goethite is concerned both with the lower activity of ferric ions and with the existence of carbonates in solution. Meanwhile, the acid-resisting and oxidizing ability of the bacteria will certainly lead up to a microbial way of treating the acidic mine water.


This paper explores a method to assess assets performance and predict the remaining useful life, which would lead to proactive maintenance processes to minimize downtime of machinery and production in various industries, thus increasing efficiency of operations and manufacturing. At first, a performance model is established by taking advantage of logistic regression analysis with maximum-likelihood technique. Two kinds of application situations, with or without enough historical data, are discussed in detail. Then, real-time performance is evaluated by inputting features of online data to the logistic model. Finally, the remaining life is estimated using an ARMA model based on machine performance history; degradation predictions are also upgraded dynamically. The results such as current machine running condition and the remaining useful life, are output to the maintenance decision module to determine a window of appropriate maintenance before the machine fails. An application of the method on an elevator door motion system is demonstrated.


This chapter focuses on sovereignty as it appears and disappears from view in everyday life in sites where that stretch and reach is contested or problematic. Drawing on several periods of fieldwork over the course of a decade (2004–2014) in Central Asia's Ferghana Valley, and focusing on fieldwork around two geographical exclaves, Sokh (Uzbekistan) and Vorukh (Tajikistan), it explores how sovereignty might appear differently if we track its movement through claims, names, and objects as they circulate and reverberate in the region of a historically contentious and still, in parts, officially "unwritten" (neopisany) and internationally disputed border. In a situation of contested histories, the challenge for local residents was often not so much that of "obeying the law" as knowing "whose rules rule" in any given encounter. The chapter then looks at maps, and stories of past mappings and countermappings, as a vehicle for exploring these local signs of sovereignty and their (non-)recognition in everyday life. Indeed, maps have a particularly critical role to play in producing an affect of sovereignty at the juncture between people and territory.


This chapter recounts the author's quest to find the memorial stone of the man who is arguably the Midwest's most forgotten regionalist poet: Jay Sigmund. As of his untimely passing in 1937 at the age of fifty-one, Jay Sigmund had authored at least six volumes of poetry and four books of short fiction, an output made doubly impressive by the demands of his day job as an insurance executive in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Today, Jay Sigmund's Waubeek amounts to a ghost of a town, an unincorporated huddle of weathered buildings hugging the south bank of the Wapsipinicon River. Even internet searches come back mostly empty save for the place's coordinates, roads, and time zone. And yet Sigmund grew up there, and later made a summer home in Waubeek in the midst of a successful insurance career. The author sought out the Sigmund memorial stone hard beside the local watering hole in part because the author made it a personal goal to exhume and resurrect the forgotten literary voices of the native Midwest.


A method for applying a common communication policy over at least two user groups of an organization. The method receives a communication request to transmit a communication between a sender user and at least one recipient user. The method identifies characteristics of the sender user and identifies characteristics of the at least one recipient user. The method further accesses a communication rules store common to the at least two user groups and determines the communication rules in the rules store applicable to the received communication based upon at least one of the characteristics of the sender user, the characteristics of the at least one recipient user, and the content of the communication. The method applies the identified rules to the communication.


The invention discloses a call reminding method of mobile communication equipment. By combination of a sound reminding mode and other reminding modes, sound reminding time is well set. The method comprises the following steps of: judging whether the mobile communication equipment has an incoming call; if so, switching the state of the mobile communication equipment into a soundless reminding state; and if the duration of the incoming call is greater than or equal to T and the incoming call is not answered, performing sound reminding, wherein the T is more than or equal to 6 seconds. By the embodiment of the invention, a good call reminding function can be realized, and a user is not disturbed to the greatest extent.


Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determined the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on gait ability, physical fitness and body compositions in older women. Method : The subjects were 24 older women who were randomly divided into two groups (resistance exercise, n=12, and aerobic exe...


Vegetation classification based on remote sensing data can quickly get vegetation change information at large scale.This paper chose the Landsat TM data in 2008 and Landsat ETM+ Pan data in 1999 of the typical grassland in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain.The data used in this paper were pre-processed firstly,then the two temporal remote sensing data were fused by means of remote sensing and GIS(Geographic Information System) technologies.The vegetation in the study area was classified into eight types by visual interpretation based on the texture feature of the fused remote sensing image.Besides,we established an expert knowledge decision tree system to make a further classification combining the preliminary classification results of the visual interpretation.At last the grasslands in the study area were classified into five types,including plain desert,desert plants,low-mountain desert,temperate meadow and alpine meadow.The results of accuracy evaluation indicated that the overall classification accuracy reaches to 95%,and the overall Kappa coefficient is 0.9396,which suggests that the vegetation classification methods based on the fused image generated by nine-year interval TM and ETM+ Pan images and decision tree classification in the study area have higher feasibility.The classification effect is good and consistent with the actual vegetation cover situation.


At the time of the preceding symposium in 1932, the terms vitamin B2and G were used synonymously by Sure1as standing for the more heat stable part of the vitamin B complex; and Underhill2wrote of vitamin G deficiency as "intimately associated with the complex syndrome of symptoms included under the term pellagra." At the time of the present writing (the summer of 1937) the evidence appears conclusive that there are at least three relatively heat stable substances in the vitamin B complex: (1) riboflavin; (2) vitamin B6; and (3) another substance which perhaps may be considered P-P or the Goldberger pellagra-preventive substance, which may or may not be the same as the substance which prevents blacktongue in dogs. (It is also held by some careful students that


This paper concerns itself with the global stabilization of nonlinear systems by means of state feedback laws which can be implemented using feedforward neural networks. The objective here is not to provide a practical stabilization technique, but rather to explore the capabilities and the ultimate limitations of alternative network architectures. It is shown that, contrary to what might have been expected from the well-known representation theorems, three-layer (also called "single hidden layer") nets are not sufficient for stabilization, but four-layer nets are enough ¿ assuming that threshold processors are used.


Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis (BHNR) is a rare complication of cat scratch disease (CSD) occurring in 1–2% of cases. BHNR requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent potential vision loss. Doxycycline, in combination with rifampin, is consider the treatment of choice. Empiric therapy is often started based on clinical suspicion prior to serologic confirmation. We present a case of BHNR requiring doxycycline graded challenge.

 We report a case of a 45-year-old female with a past history of multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab presenting with acute right-sided vision loss. She reported suffering a cat scratch 6 weeks prior and had noteworthy tick exposure. She was admitted to our hospital for progressively worsening vision loss. MRI brain demonstrated right-sided enhancement consistent with retinitis. Ophthalmology exam suggestive of infectious papillitis, neuroretinitis, and granulomatous inflammation.

 Infectious diseases (ID) was consulted with concern for BHNR and a history of a severe tetracycline allergy, throat swelling age 17. Given declining vision and a differential including both Lyme disease and BHNR, the decision was made to empirically treat with doxycycline while awaiting serologic studies. She successfully underwent doxycycline graded challenge (10mg administered IV followed by 100mg administered IV one hour later) and ultimately completed a 6-week course of doxycycline in combination with 2 weeks of rifampin followed by 4 weeks of azithromycin. Bartonella serologies returned positive 1:256 and her Lyme screen was negative. At her 6-week follow up, her vision had significantly improved but not yet returned to baseline.
 Retina images

 Visual field testing

 Doxycycline serves as a treatment of choice for BHNR; however, our patient reported a severe, likely IgE-mediated reaction to tetracycline 28 years prior. She subsequently tolerated the first doxycycline graded challenge at our institution. Unlike B-lactam allergies, there is a paucity of literature exploring the cross-reaction potentials of various tetracyclines. Limited evidence has suggested that cross-reactions are not absolute. Tetracycline allergies present an opportunity for antimicrobial stewardship.

 All Authors: No reported disclosures


Background Results conflict concerning the relevance of APOE alleles on the development of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), though they are well established in connection with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The role of APOE alleles in a Norwegian cohort of patients with DLB was therefore examined compared with patients with AD and healthy control individuals. Methods The study included 156 patients with DLB diagnosed according to the consensus criteria guidelines, 519 patients diagnosed with AD according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS/ARDRA) criteria and 643 healthy elderly volunteers. Patients were recruited through hospitals, outpatient clinics, nursing homes or from local care authorities in central and south-western parts of Norway. Healthy individuals were recruited from caregivers and societies for retired people. Results Subjects carrying an APOE ε2 allele had a reduced risk for developing DLB (OR 0.4, CI 0.3 to 0.8, p=0.004), and the onset of disease was delayed by 4 years (p=0.01, Mann–Whitney U test). Conversely, the APOE ε4 allele increased the risk for development of DLB (OR 5.9, CI 2.7 to 13.0, p<0.0005 for homozygotes). Similar results were found for patients with AD regarding the effect of APOE ε2, though the protective effect appeared to be slightly less pronounced than in DLB. This study is one of the largest regarding DLB and APOE to date. Conclusion The results indicate that APOE ε2, a protective factor in AD, has a clear beneficial effect on the development of DLB also.


Abstract. The threat of terrorism and rise of extremist movements across the globe pose some of the greatest challenges the world currently faces. While there have been serious conceptual and metho...


Low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) is an effective method to realize the miniaturization, high reliability and low cost for microwave and high-frequency devices. In the paper, a miniaturized 3 dB LTCC coupler using lumped elements is proposed based on the even-odd decomposition method for the built of image-reject mixer (IRM) in receiver systems. With a novel and compact structure, the coupler has a working frequency of 50-70 MHz while the size is only 14.6mm×8.3mm×1mm. EM simulation results show that the coupler has a good performance when using space effectively, which can be widely applied into high integrated RF module in radar and communication systems.


Encapsulating Earth's deep water filter Small inclusions in diamonds brought up from the mantle provide valuable clues to the mineralogy and chemistry of parts of Earth that we cannot otherwise sample. Tschauner et al. found inclusions of the high-pressure form of water called ice-VII in diamonds sourced from between 410 and 660 km depth, the part of the mantle known as the transition zone. The transition zone is a region where the stable minerals have high water storage capacity. The inclusions suggest that local aqueous pockets form at the transition zone boundary owing to the release of chemically bound water as rock cycles in and out of this region. Science, this issue p. 1136 The presence of ice-VII in diamond inclusions requires regions of the mantle with a free aqueous phase. Water-rich regions in Earth's deeper mantle are suspected to play a key role in the global water budget and the mobility of heat-generating elements. We show that ice-VII occurs as inclusions in natural diamond and serves as an indicator for such water-rich regions. Ice-VII, the residue of aqueous fluid present during growth of diamond, crystallizes upon ascent of the host diamonds but remains at pressures as high as 24 gigapascals; it is now recognized as a mineral by the International Mineralogical Association. In particular, ice-VII in diamonds points toward fluid-rich locations in the upper transition zone and around the 660-kilometer boundary.


This paper trys to explain the rapid increase in the apparent size of the rubidium isotope nuclei around the magic number N = 50. Droplet and deformation models are used to evaluate the measured data. 6 refs., 4 figs.


Using the numerical scheme of Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC), the authors have stimulated the possible process of the stress field and temperature field in Hunan, China and its adjacent area, during the process of the transformation of tectonic regimes of lithosphere from compression and thickening to extension and thinning in Mesozoic. With the above mentioned results, the authors discuss the relationship between the two kinds of tectonic regimes, and their coupling effects of ore forming, and the possible dynamic constraints in deep. The results show the following: (1) The shear strain belts is interlaced in the crust, and this distribution pattern redounds to magma underplating, partial melting of materials in crust, flowing and depositing of metallogenic materials during Indosinian and Yanshan epochs. (2) The transition of tectono thermal regimes can drive the fluid to flow in deep (for example, flow sideward, and upward), thus results in crust mantle materials becoming activation, and controls the processes of fluid circulation and fluid rock interaction, finally, the hydrothermal deposits formed. (3) The ore deposits are usually located in these places (or stages), where (or when) the shear strain, volume strain and temperature transfer from maximum to minimum; while those places (or stages), whose values are maximum or minimum, are not in favor of ore forming. (4) The zoning of ore deposits is resulted from the variety of shear strain, volume strain, temperature perturbation, and ore forming effects in different structural places. (5) The spatial zoning can imply the diversity of metallogenic temporal texture, tectonic physicochemistry condition and the degree of denudation. The formation of W Pb Zn ores, or Sn and Cu ores is closely related to partial melting of the rocks of gneiss in middle crust in Indosinian Epoch, while the formation of Cu Au ores is mainly related to underplating of basic magma and the partial melting of rocks in lower crust in Yanshan Epoch, and is controlled by the process of extending and thinning of lithosphere in the early Mesozoic. These results can be propitious to metallogenic prognosis.


Novel poly(arylene ether)s, poly(arylene thioether)s, and poly(arylene sulfone)s were synthesized from the dihydroxy(imidoarylene) monomer 1. The syntheses of poly(arylene ether)s were carried out in DMAc in the presence of anhydrous K2CO3 by a nucleophilic substitution reaction between the bisphenol and activated difluoro compounds. Poly(arylene thioether)s were synthesized according to the recently discovered one-pot polymerization reaction between a bis(N,N′-dimethyl-S-carbamate) and activated difluoro compounds in the presence of a mixture of Cs2CO3 and CaCO3. The bis(N,N′-dimethyl-S-carbamate) 3 was synthesized by the thermal rearrangement reaction of bis(N,N′-dimethylthiocarbamate) 2, which was synthesized from 1 by a phase-transfer catalyzed reaction. The poly(arylene thioether)s were further oxidized to form poly(arylene sulfone)s, which would be very difficult, if not impossible, to synthesize by other methods. All of the polymers described have extremely high Tgs and thermal stability as determined from DSC and TGA analysis. Poly(arylene sulfone)s have the highest Tgs and they are in the range of 298–361°C. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1201–1208, 1998


Our beauty market is filled with synthetic origin cosmetics. Vanishing creams of synthetic origin found in the market provide glow to the skin but impart side effects to the skin. Whereas the vanishing creams containing natural extracts are safe, beneficial to skin with negligible side effects. This vanishing cream provides soothing as well as moisturizing effect to the skin without causing any irritation to the skin. The vanishing cream was prepared by using natural extracts of muskmelon, cucumber, and Aloe vera. All the natural extracts used in the cream are rich in vitamins and minerals. Moreover, Aloe vera has wound, burn healing and anti inflammatory properties. Quality of the formulated product was assessed by different evaluation parameters. The formulated cream showed good consistency, spreadability, homogeneity, pH, non greasiness, no evidence of phase separation during period of research. Further studies are required to investigate therapeutic value of the formulated cream.


Money laundering refers to fraudulent transference of the illegal earnings gained through act of crime in order to legitimize and thus keep such earnings away from being revealed and confiscated. Given that this phenomenon has many negative ramifications on the fields of economy, security, politics and etc., the international and regional organizations as well as most countries across the world have adopted various approaches and strategies to counteract this phenomenon, including "incrimination" and determination of penalty for such kind of actions. In this paper, the definition of money laundering, types of money laundering, stages of money laundering, impacts of money laundering, ways of fighting money laundering and the background as well as the anti-money laundering acts in Iran are all discussed.


Fractional composition of the corundum pellets is defined mostly by the polystyrene foam balls grading, by the mixture moisture, and by the granulation's parameters. The using of the high dynamic packing loading influences negatively on the production quality. The plate' rotation frequency, its angle and the granulation time were established in the article. The conditions of the hollow pellets production on base of the technical alumina were developed.


SIR,-I venture to submit the following notes based on a study of the literature and on my own small experience. It is rare for any individual to have experience of more than one or two cases. Instances were recorded in young men in the 1914-18 war (Pincus, 1918), and Tidy has stated that "no age is immune." Papilloedema in some degree is probably present in nearly every case, but may be missed if the examination is not made at an early stage. Narrowing of the retinal arteries is inconstant and not uniform. The distribution of the affected vessels does not accord with the blind areas in the visual fields as it does in cases of occlusion of a branch of a retinal artery. The type of narrowing is not the same as that present in elderly people who have diseased arteries. Narrowing of the arteries is probably a sequel rather than the cause of the condition. Cases characterized by central scotoma with little or no peripheral field change have been reported, and, presuming the observation to be correct, suggest a lesion of the retinal ganglion cells or of the macular fibres-a view advocated by Holden. The clinical course of the disease, its signs and symptoms, regarded as a whole suggest the action of a nerve poison rather than a vascular disturbance. Apart from the work of Holden little, if any, research appears to have been undertaken. Holden bled dogs and found degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells. Mayou reported a case of a dog which became blind after severe haemorrhage from the intestine. Thorough perimetric examination undertaken as early as possible might throw some light on the nature of the condition. Tidy's treatment by transfusion, liver, and iron seems very plausible, but requires confirmation. An extensive literature exists. A good account of the condition is given by Groenouw. I append several references not mentioned in the recent correspondence. The condition was apparently known to Hippocrates.-I am, etc.,


As many as 6 million people are injured in traffic accidents every year. Fractures are one of the most common injuries experienced by victims with a prevalence of 5.5%, and the body parts most affected by fractures are the lower extremities (67%). Early mobilization is one of the interventions for postoperative recovery in patients so that the rehabilitation process takes place quickly. Many factors influence the implementation of early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors were associated with early mobilization in postoperative patients with lower limb fractures at Meuraxa Hospital in Banda Aceh. The design of this study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all postoperative patients with lower limb fractures in the male and female surgical inpatient rooms at Meuraxa Hospital, Banda Aceh. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 36 people. The univariate and bivariate data analysis used the Chi Square statistical test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between health condition factors, namely hemoglobin (p=0.045), pain level (p=0.006), lifestyle factors (p=0.002), and knowledge factors (p=0.001) with early mobilization in postnatal patients. Lower Extremity Fracture surgery.


The gold resource distributes abundantly and widely in Guizhou,includes gold,alluvial gold and paragenie gold,mainly is gold.According to the deposit type,gold is divided into Carlin-style gold deposit,quartz vein gold deposit and lateritic gold deposit.In this paper,the distribution characteristics of gold resources in Guizhou,the development and utilization condition of gold resources and the resources distribution characteristic of different gold deposits are introduced.For the characteristic of concentrated distribution of gold deposit in Guizhou,Ceheng-Xingren gold concentrated area and Jinping-Tianzhu gold concentrated area,the suggestions for gold development and utilization of Guizhou and the policy is carried out.


I have always sworn by letters. It started when I was 12. First, I loved receiving them. Then, writing them. In those lucky times when, like most people, I had no idea what an e-mail is, I found everything about postality enjoyable. Checking on the mailbox again and again, opening the envelope, unfolding the letter, reading it and wondering at what time of day the sender wrote it, from where, with what pen, expecting what from me reading it. I was 17 and ripping out an envelope was some sort ...


An analysis was made of the problem of pumping of traveling-wave ruby masers emitting in the range 3.5--5 cm. Tests were made on ruby single crystals grown by the Verneuil method in various establishments and also on those prepared by a special technology developed at the State Optical Institute (SOI). These crystals were used as active materials in traveling-wave symmetrically pumped masers. An ESR spectrometer with frequency scanning operating at 4.2 /sup 0/K was developed. It was found that the ruby crystals grown using the SOI technology had the minimum block structure and could be used successfully in traveling-wave symmetrically pumped masers right up to the limit of emission lambdaroughly-equal5.2 cm.


I first argue that there are three major currents in the contemporary debate on operationalism. These are: (a) methodologists who criticize operationalism qua philosophy, (b) psychologists who practice operationalization that is allegedly philosophically noncommittal, and (c) critics who claim that psychologists' validation practices commit them to stronger operationalism than psychologists realize. I then outline respectful operationalism and argue that it avoids the main criticisms of operationalism while incorporating some of the epistemic benefits of operational definitions. I show how respectful operationalism aligns with other operationalism-friendly theories, such as generalizability theory and Michael T. Kane's argument-based approach to validity.


The gel process for making silica was studied by infrared spectrophotometry of solid samples in various stages of dehydration. Spectra were recorded in the high-frequency overtone region (2500 to 8000 cm-1) as well as in the region of fundamental absorption (200 to 4000 cm-1), depending on the nature of the sample. Molecular water was distinguished from silanol groups and the effects of hydrogen bonding were observed. Drying and heat treatment of gels at low temperatures ( 800°C). Hydration of siloxane groups on pore surfaces and attachment of water molecules by hydrogen bonding to these surface silanol groups is reversible for heat treatments up to 1025°C. At higher temperatures (>1025°C), active sintering takes place, converting the porous structure into a homogeneous silica network. In this process, surface silanol groups become isolated within the silica network, giving rise to vibrational frequencies characteristic of internal -OH groups. Also, at the higher temperatures silanol groups react to form siloxane groups with loss of H2O. A model is presented for formation of a gel in which hydrogen bonding initiates association of colloidal particles, followed by strengthening through interparticle solid silica precipitation.


This paper attempt to bring some of the benefits obtained by the use of low fidelity prototypes in game development. These benefits were observed through the analysis of the development of six games developed in academic environment. However, with the limitations related to the size of the development team, and the project scope, some of the results obtained in this paper should not be adopted in every situation. There is, however, benefits described in this paper that can be observed in game development, regardless of its scope.


On 1 July 2006, three youths were photographed urinating on the National War Memorial in Ottawa, Canada. This event affected Canadian collective memory in a very particular and subtle way. It acted as a catalyst for the (re)emergence of two discourses concerning Canadian collective memory. Each had competing claims and demands and became entangled in a negotiation that took place through the mass media. This negotiation led to the alteration of 'place' and 'space' at the National War Memorial through the introduction of particular tactics of surveillance. These aimed to limit the porosity of the site's boundaries and, consequently, affected the nature of citizens' interaction with the memory-site. This small event is important because its mundanity (and lack of intent) highlights the depth of the instability, and subtle dynamism, of collective memory.


1. The oxidative enzyme activity of glial cells was studied histochemically in a local brain injury associated with edema in the white matter. 2. In the area of edema an increase of glutamic dehydrogenase activity was observed in astrocytes within 12 hours after the lesion was produced. Increase of DPN diaphorase, DPN-linked isocitric dehydrogenase and α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity was manifest within 24 hours. TPN diaphorase and TPN-linked dehydrogenase activity was increased after 48 hours. This enzymatic change in astrocytes was preceded by enlargement of these cells and the formation of Holzer fibers which appeared within 6 hours in the edematous white matter. 3. From 24 hours to 7 days the area of edema in the white matter showed the presence of isolated, roundish microglial elements with intense oxidation-reduction activity. These cells were identified as corresponding to those filled with serum protein inclusions demonstrated in FAN stain and under the fluorescence microscope in cats injected with FLA. 4. Following edema of several days' duration the hypertrophic astrocytes in the white matter continued to exhibit an increased tetrazolium reductase activity and this was demonstrable in the last animal 95 days after cortical injury. 5. The correlation of histochemical findings with other observations on glia provides further support for the view that the astrocytes are primarily implicated in the process of cerebral edema and emphasizes the dynamic character of this involvement.


Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was found to be a safe and effective stand-alone procedure for severe, morbid, and super obese patients in a high-risk veteran population.


Measurements on a large circular cylinder in a pressurized wind tunnel at Reynolds numbers from 106 to 107 reveal a high Reynolds number transition in which the drag coefficient increases from its low supercritical value to a value 0.7 at R = 3.5 × 106 and then becomes constant. Also, for R > 3.5 × 106, definite vortex shedding occurs, with Strouhal number 0.27.


Our goal is always to offer you an assortment of cost-free ebooks too as aid resolve your troubles. We have got a considerable collection of totally free of expense Book for people from every single stroll of life. We have got tried our finest to gather a sizable library of preferred cost-free as well as paid files. Searching for the majority of offered book or reading source worldwide? We offer them done in layout kind as word, txt, kindle, pdf, zip, rar as well as ppt. among them is this competent the seventh cross that has actually been created by Still perplexed how to get it? Well, just read online or download by registering in our website here. Click them. This is really going to save you time and your money in something should think about. If you're seeking then search around for online. Without a doubt there are several these available and a lot of them have the freedom. However no doubt you receive what you spend on. An alternate way to get ideas would be to check another the seventh cross. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS THE SEVENTH CROSS, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.


The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, an exclusive licence (or non exclusive for government employees) on a worldwide basis to the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and its Licensees to permit this article (if accepted) to be published in [THORAX] editions and any other BMJPG Ltd products to exploit all subsidiary rights, as set out in our licence Abstract Background. The links between asthma and rhinitis are nowadays referred to as the united airways disease (UAD). Current evidence shows that the UAD model seems to be applicable to occupational rhinitis (OR) and occupational asthma (OA). Objective. We aimed to objectively assess, in the context of specific inhalation challenge (SIC) testing, the concomitance of bronchial and nasal reaction in the investigation of OR and OA Methods. Forty-three subjects with a history of work-related asthma symptoms underwent SIC for confirmation of OA and investigation of OR. Subjects underwent assessment of changes in bronchial calibre by spirometry and assessment of nasal patency and airway inflammation by acoustic rhinometry and nasal lavage. Results. A positive nasal challenge was observed in 25 SIC whereas a positive bronchial challenge was observed in 17 SIC. A concomitant positive nasal and bronchial challenge was observed in 13 instances. This association was significant (risk ratio= 1.7; 95% CI=1.0 to 2.4; p=0.04) and more frequent in subjects challenged with high molecular weight (n= 11/22) than low-molecular weight agents (n= 2/21). Among subjects with a positive nasal challenge, nasal lavage showed a significant increase in eosinophils at 30 min post-exposure that correlated with changes in nasal patency. Conclusion. Results provided objective evidence supporting the UAD concept by using OR and OA as a model for demonstrating a concomitant significant physiological reaction of the nose and lungs after challenge. We demonstrated that OR can be assessed by objective means; this condition often coexists with OA but can be present without OA. 3 Introduction Occupational asthma (OA) is the most frequent work-related lung disease.[1] As the inflammatory process in the bronchi can also affect the upper airways, the study of occupational rhinitis (OR) in conjunction with OA is of interest. The link between rhinitis and asthma in the general population has led to the proposed 'united airways disease' (UAD) model, which also appears to be applicable to OR and OA. Rhinitis symptoms are common among subjects with OA.[2] Epidemiological …


Severe sepsis kills an estimated 1,400 people worldwide every day. This often fatal infectious process accounts for an estimated 215,000 deaths in the United States (US) annually. The main goal of this project was to evaluate the impact of the Emergency Department Severe Sepsis Alert and Practice Protocol (EDSSAPP) post implementation, on time to first antibiotic administration, length of stay, and mortality in patients admitted via the ORMC ED with severe sepsis. This study evaluated the time to first antibiotic administration, total ED and hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality of severe sepsis patients either with a severe sepsis alert (SSA) activated or no alert activated that were admitted to the hospital through the ED. A retrospective review of the electronic medical record (EMR) was conducted to gather the required data across three time cohorts: base line/time zero (T0), six months prior to the implementation of EDSSAPP; Time one (T1) the first six months following initial EDSSAPP implementation; and Time two (T2), six months following reinstatement of the corporate sepsis committee. The most significant finding of this study was the increased number of Severe Sepsis Alerts activated in time cohort T2 (n=113) compared to T1 (n=19). Another important finding was the decreased mortality in T2 (16.4%) compared to T0 (22.7%) and T1 (33%). Overall, the number of ED patients with severe sepsis who received antibiotics within the EDSSAPP required 60 minutes did not consistently improve across the three time cohorts, T0 (81.8%), T1 (71.7%)


In my talk at the 2nd Galileo-Xu Meeting, I presented several different topics in 21cm cosmology for which I have done research. These includes the 21cm signature of the first stars1,2, the 21cm signal from the IGM and minihalos3, effect of dark matter annihilations on 21cm signal4, the 21cm forest by ionized/neutral region5, and the 21cm forest by minihalo and earliest galaxies6,7. In this conference proceeding I shall not repeat these discussions, but instead focus on the last part of my talk, i.e. the Tianlai project, an experiment effort on low redshift 21cm intensity mapping observation for dark energy measurements.


An experimental study on heat transfer and fluid flow has been carried out for a swirling round impinging jet. A thermosensitive liquid crystal sheet was used for the heat transfer measurements and the three velocity components were measured with LDV in the stagnation region for cases where the Swirl number Sw = 0.0, 0.22, and 0.45 at the Reynolds number Re = 8100. The formation of recirculation flow due to a swirl near the impinging wall was found to deteriorate the heat transfer coefficient in the stagnation region and results in a more uniform distribution of the Nusselt number with an increasing Swirl number. The heat transfer mechanism of the swirling impinging jet is discussed based on the flow characteristics of the mean velocities and turbulence quantities. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 34(5): 324–335, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20068


Abstract The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the chalcones with azomethine ylide (generated by isatin and sarcosine) has been constructed to functionalize novel spiropyrrolidines. The synthesized compounds (4a–d) structures were characterized by modern spectroscopic techniques and further corroborated a compound 4a by single crystal X-ray study. The in vitro antibacterial activity of novel spiropyrrolidines was evaluated against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains Bacillus subtillis, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Among them, compound 4c was found the most potent antibacterial agent. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) observed was 75 and 125 µg/mL against all targeted Gram-positive and negative strains respectively. Furthermore, the compounds were also explored for their inhibitory potential against a known therapeutic target and an essential bacterial enzyme, DNA gyrase using computational methods.


Shares tips on how to groom your horse for showing purposes. Discusses turnout tricks, plaiting, make-up, and how to tend the tail, legs, face and quarter marks.