We perform multi-dimensional core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulations in a massive scalar-tensor theory for the first time with a realistic equation of state and multi-energy neutrino radiation. Among the set of our models varying the scalar mass and the coupling strength between the scalar and gravitational fields, a particular model allows for recurrent spontaneous scalarizations (SSs) in the proto-neutron star (PNS). Each SS induces the PNS collapse and subsequent bounce, from which devastating shock waves emanate and eject the PNS envelope. The explosion energy can easily exceed $\mathcal O(10^{51})$ erg. This study reveals new aspects of SS as the explosion mechanism of CCSNe. We also discuss its characteristic multi-messenger signals: neutrinos and gravitational waves.


Today, in the United States, through judicial review, courts settle a wide range of political, moral, social, cultural and economic issues. 2 As we recently learned, the United States Supreme Court can even decide a presidential election. 3 Although the exercise ofjudicial review is arguably antidemocratic, most constitutional law scholars have come to accept its legitimacy over time. As such, at least in the near future, judges will continue to decide many matters of national importance, including people's right to abortion, physician-assisted suicide, affirmative action, capital punishment, and same sex marriage. When we turn these problems of social morality into questions ofconstitutional law and expect judges to resolve them, it stands to reason that we must take special care


Spatially resolved soft x‐ray spectra were collected for neon plasmas produced by imploding hollow annular gas puffs with MA level driving currents. The Z‐pinch imploded plasmas were studied for different risetime currents produced with or without the use of a plasma erosion opening switch (PEOS). Selected spectrograms were processed and analyzed to obtain absolute energies for the radiation emitted in the Ne ix and Ne x discrete transitions, as well as for total emission over the spectral range 900–1600 eV. The neon plasmas radiate 1–2.5 kJ in this energy range predominantly in the α transitions of both ions. The plasma uniformity inferred from spatially resolved spectral lines improves significantly using a faster rise‐time driving current.


Background is always considered to be the most common way for the existence of space in literary works.While is there any other way for space to exist?Is there any new contribution for the interpretation of text,especially for the local novels,if we understand more concept of literary space? So far all of these questions are still unanswered.Here we'll start from the classification of space and divide it into three categories,the first category is the geographical space,the second is the imaginative space and the third is the rhetorical space,with which we would gain more illustrations of those classic works.


Extensive investigations have shown that members of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group resemble one another in many respects (Gordon, 1955; Weiss, 1955). Principal differences in the growth cycle among members have been observed primarily in the morphological development of the inclusion vesicle, which in one member may be compact and in another diffuse (Weiss, 1949). The type of vesicle formed resulted, in part, in the formulation of different hypotheses to explain the exact mode of virus reproduction. It was suggested from the observations made by Bedson and Bland (1934), Bland and Canti (1935), Burnet and Rountree (1935) and Yanamura and Meyer (1941) that this group of microorganisms multiplies by binary fission after an initial lag phase. This hypothesis is further supported by the recent evidence presented by Bedson and Gostling (1954), Swain (1955) and Litwin (1959). However, a few investigators believe that the growth of the psittacosis group is characterized by an eclipse phase when the virus exists in a noninfectious state dur-


An analytical investigation of the refractive index behavior of an ytterbium-doped optical fiber silica glass as a function of the core-clad temperature, upper-level population laser density, and pumping signal intensity is presented in this paper. For the substantiation of the investigation, three fundamental expressions were used, which describe the changes in the refractive index due to these physical phenomena in the laser medium. The model was evaluated considering a 500 W steady state fiber laser, operating in a two-end pumped configuration.


We show an integrated three-dimensional (3D) imaging device to acquire volumetric object features through a single exposure on the camera sensor. The system uses a single piece of randomly positioned microlens array as a multi-channel light encoder and a hybrid 3D reconstruction algorithm to achieve compact device footprint and low computational complexity. We validate the system in both simulation models and experiments with resolution targets and fluorescent samples. Our system is capable of volumetric imaging across a volume of 1800 mm3 with a high space-frequency bandwidth. It opens new avenues for miniaturized and implantable imaging device for biomedical applications.


FROM THE DISCOVERY of Hawaii by Captain James Cook on January 18, 1778, to the annexation by the United States in 1898, Great Britain demonstrated a surprising restraint in its acquisitive instinct toward this key to the North Pacific. At any time up to 1840 Britain might have acquired the diminutive kingdom without encountering serious opposition from any great power. After midcentury, however, American interests-missionary, commercial, and political-predominated. The British were frequently reminded of, and at times even admitted, this pre-eminence, but through the course of the nineteenth century their policy was exerted toward maintaining a degree of influence and at the same time protecting the independence of the tiny Polynesian state. On July 14, 1824, a few hours after King Liholiho (Kamehameha II) succumbed from measles in London, Secretary George Canning sent a message to George IV, informing him of the event and presuming that His Majesty would not disapprove of a ship-of-war being allowed to return to the Sandwich Islands carrying the suite of the deceased chief, with the remains of the king and his favorite wife, Kamamalu, who also had died from the same disease. This gesture, he observed, would be "an Attention perhaps the more advisable as the Governments both of Russia and of the United States of America are known to have their


The International AIDS Society–USA, the US Department of Health and Human Services, and European guidelines recommend antiretroviral resistance testing for primary HIV infection and in cases of treatment failure. These guidelines also recommend or encourage consideration of testing in chronic infection of less than 2 years' duration. US surveillance data indicate that transmission of resistant virus is a substantial and growing problem. Data gathered in 2003 and 2004 from 787 newly diagnosed antiretroviral therapy-naive subjects from 89 sites in 6 states indicate the presence of resistance to at least 1 antiretroviral drug class in 14.5% of cases, including resistance to nucleoside analogue reverse transcrip-tase inhibitors (nRTIs) in 7.1%, nonnu-cleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in 8.4%, protease inhibitors (PIs) in 2.8%, and 2 or more classes in 3.1% (Bennet, CROI, 2005). Although it was once believed that acquired resistant strains would be quickly replaced by wild-type virus, it has become clear that resistant virus persists for prolonged periods. This phenomenon probably reflects the fact that only the resistant strain is transmitted, so that reversion to wild-type virus requires " back mutation, " a more time-consuming process than the selection of pre-existing wild-type strains that occurs in treatment-experienced patients. In one recent study, the average time to reversion to wild-type virus after identification of resistant strains among newly infected patients was 375 days for NNRTI-resistant virus and 362 days for nRTI-resistant virus; no reversion was seen with up to 2 years of follow-up for PI-resistant virus (Little, CROI, 2004). For this reason, there is growing support for resistance testing in chronically infected , treatment-naive patients. However, despite the persistence of mutant virus after infection, the diagnostic yield of resistance testing is highest with earlier testing. It is therefore recommended that resistance testing be performed at the time of HIV diagnosis , regardless of the current need for therapy; it can be assumed that transmitted resistance mutations will still be present, even if not detected in the circulation, when therapy is eventually initiated. Genotypic analysis is preferred over phenotypic testing in this setting, primarily because it is more sensitive for the detection of mixtures of susceptible and resistant virus, which would be expected if reversion to wild-type had begun to occur at the time of testing. Genotyping is also faster and less expensive. Resistance patterns after initial failure of commonly used nRTI backbones and the resistance map for the individual nRTIs are …


Single-crystalline LiMn(2)O(4) hollow nanocones are synthesized via a template-engaged low-temperature lithiation reaction. When applied as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, they can deliver a high specific capacity of 127.1 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 C and the capacity still maintains 100 mAh g(-1) even at 50°C. After over 1000 cycles at 5°C, 94.8% of the initial capacity is retained.


This paper presents aglobal architecture ofarange finder system basedonthestereoscopic principle. The proposed system isdedicated toavisual intracortical stimulator inorder tocreate artificial vision forpeople suffering fromvisual blindness. The3Danalysis ofthe environment isrequired allowing abetter autonomy to thepatient. Theproposed device consists ofanemitter projecting alight pattern from aninfrared light source reflecting onamicromirror matrix. Images fromthe illuminated scene arecaptured byacamera. Thethreedimensional rangeis reconstructed from the distortions inthereflected andcaptured image. Our approach toencode light patterns consists oftaking advantage ofahigh-speed cameraandadapting the Graycodedpatterns todynamic scenes.


Part 1 of this presentation (see abstract by Verschuur and Al-Ali) described the common focus technology (CFP) principles that resolve seismic imaging problems caused by the complex near-surface zone. In this presentation, we demonstrate some of the applications of this technology using real 2-D seismic data. These applications include wave-theory based redatuming, velocity-model calculation and pre-stack depth migration (PSDM). The one-way focusing operators, which are the primary product of the CFP analysis, can be used in various imaging applications. They can be directly used to redatum to a certain reflector. If accurate depth maps are available from the surface to the new datum reflector, then the redatumed images can be directly used in the interpretation with their significant improvements. Otherwise, the focusing operators can be used to calculate a velocity model via tomographic inversion and hence determine such depth maps. However, the fidelity of this velocity model improves significantly if focusing operators for various depth levels, particularly around significant interval velocity variations, are included. Having determined a velocity model, redatuming to a certain flat-depth level below the surface can be performed by calculating a new set of imaging operators from this level to the surface. This can easily be performed by direct ray-tracing or by solving the Eikonal equation. In addition, the resulting velocity model can directly be used to perform PSDM. It is interesting to note that the PSDM process includes one iteration because the the focusing operators fulfill the imaging principles before obtaining the velocity model. Improved core quality through application of a low-invasion, water-based mud tracer technology, half moon inner barrel coring, and improved well site core handling in a sandstone reservoir in north Kuwait for oil-in-place calculations and development planning


The dominating value system in East Germany, as typified by W. Ulbricht, is Stalinism, ie, soc & pol'al change, achieved by the priority of the Wc's, in turn attained via the Staatsmacht (power of the state). This value system is seen to influence directly the selection of members of parliament, ie, Volkskammer [VK] (the highest org in the Deutsche Demokratische Republik [German Democratic Republic]. The VK is a manipulated rather than manipulating org. Its ideology, ie, that of effecting soc change, is implemented via employment of full-time functionaries, favoring people of proletarian origins. The Wc's attain vertical SM via certain channels, ie, the old-guard Communists & socialists, anti-nazi's, former Russian prisoners of war, etc. Thus the composition of the East German parliament is seen to directly reflect the pol'al ideology. However, it is concluded that future unexpected reactions to effected change might require more complex explanatory models. A. Chapman.


Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has been used for structure analysis of pure compounds over decades. Opposite to this, the extraordinary potential of NMR has just started to be recognized and exploited in the analysis of mixtures in the context of biofluids and food beverages. In our contribution, we will show results of studies done in the field of beer and the already developed BRUKER-SGF-Profiling Method, the NMR Fruit-Juice Screener. We will show, that from the very same set of spectra several specific parameters can be derived. 1H NMR in combination with pattern recognition: 1. can distinguish between direct juices and juices from re-diluted concentrates, 2. can identify the geographical origin of the fruits used to produce the juices, 3. can even identify mixing of direct juices and concentrates, 4. can identify artificial addition of different sugars, glucose syrup and RTK. Two approaches for quantification of individual metabolites in juices and beer were successfully applied. The first is based on integration of individual lines in the individual spectra after identification which can be done by combining spectral match technology with pure compound spectra from a reference spectral data base. The second approach is Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS), a supervised prediction approach which uses calibration models obtained from a training data set. The latter approach proved most successful even for the prediction of parameters which are not directly related to individual metabolites like the gravity of beer from proton NMR spectra. LC-NMR cannot be used in a high throughput screening scenario, as it is not sensitive enough in the on-flow-mode, thus comparison between NMR results and LC-MS is important. Therefore combining flow-injection-NMR and LC-MS is a promising approach. The two most important analytical tools can be hyphenated and in its most stringent form also time synchronised. This allows to create NMR and LC-MS data for either individual statistical evaluations or for combined methods such as the NMR/LC-MS covariance. This for example allows combining molecular ion information directly with the corresponding NMR signals of the same compound and as such gives so far unreached structural information. In our contribution we will show the power of the hyphenated techniques, the application of the MetabolicProfiler™. As an example we identify the structure of the most differentiating metabolite in apple juice concentrates from China and Poland directly from the statistical evaluation of the mixture spectra and the SBASE database.


The economic globalization has invited a convergence of different cultures of the world. Against this background, how should the culture of China keep its stance and identity, striving to reshape itself and catch up with the developed cultures, with a view to bolstering a sustained development of the society and culture of China, is what this paper explores.


The characteristic of grid security and intrusion detection technology are analyzed in this article.Being that conventional intrusion detection systems can not adapt to the dynamic grid environment,a grid intrusion detection model based on application of biology immunity theory and immune genetic algorithm is proposed,which adopts an algorithm blending by immunity algorithm and genetic algorithm.Compared with the standard genetic algorithm,this algorithm reserves the capability of random global parallel search of genetic algorithm,avoids immaturity convergence in great sense,and assures convergence to the global optimized solution.The algorithm has better efficiency and constringency,and improves the diversity and self-adaptability of the model.


Background The role of anti–human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor-specific antibodies (DSA) detected by Luminex in the development of rejection is not fully understood. Methods A study including 369 patients who received transplants from deceased donors with a negative complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (XM) was performed. From the total of patients, 151 underwent a renal biopsy because of renal dysfunction, whereas the 218 remaining showed a stable renal function, and no rejection was assumed. Diagnosis and type of rejection was based in biopsy data. Results Patients with a positive virtual XMs showed more rejection episodes of any types when comparing with patients with negative virtual XMs (P<0.0001). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between patients without anti-HLA antibodies and patients with anti-HLA no DSA. Allograft impairment was caused by a rejection episode in 84% (32/38) of patients with anti–HLA-DSA but only in 30% (34/113) of patients without anti–HLA-DSA. Regarding the type of rejection detected in the biopsy, all the patients with de novo (after transplantation) anti–HLA-DSA were diagnosed as antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) or AMR+T-cell–mediated rejection, whereas most of the patients without anti–HLA-DSA (68%) were diagnosed with T-cell–mediated rejection, and patients with preexistent anti–HLA-DSA showed a more homogeneous distribution of the different types of rejection. Conclusions According to our results, patients with preformed or de novo anti–HLA-DSA showed the highest likelihood to suffer rejection episodes. Transplantation with preformed anti–HLA-DSA should be avoided, and an early detection of de novo HLA antibodies is important to treat patients before damage occurs in the graft.


BL5U at UVSOR-II has been reconstructed in 2004's for three-dimensional angle-resolved photoemission (3DARPES) study on solids and surfaces. The beamline is equipped with a helically/linearly polarized undulator, an old-type monochromator named as SGM-TRAIN designed in 1995's, and a new photoemission end-station. Since their performances are insufficient to study anomalous electronic/magnetic properties on materials in recent years, we reconstructed the beamline for a high-resolution study as follows; (1) The manipulation of the pre-focusing mirror was updated to a high-precision system controlled by pulse-motors. (2) The entrance slit with water cooling system was adopted for avoiding the heat load from undulator radiation. (3) The SGM-TRAIN was re-arranged to the optimum condition to the undulator light. (4) The free tuning program of the undulator gap and monochromator-control systems was introduced. Due to the reconstructions, we successfully improved the throughput intensity and energy resolution of the beamline to be able to investigate threedimensional electronic-structures using 3D-ARPES.


The Luo and Rudy 3 cardiac cell mathematical model is implemented on the parallel supercomputer CRAY - T3D. The splitting algorithm combined with variable time step and an explicit method of integration provide reasonable solution times and almost perfect scaling for rectilinear wave propagation. The computer simulation makes it possible to observe new phenomena: the break-up of spiral waves caused by intracellular calcium and dynamics and the non-uniformity of the calcium distribution in space during the onset of the spiral wave.


The present invention provides a surface treatment method for an aluminum alloy and a surface treatment method for a magnesium alloy, which enable providing the surface of an aluminum alloy containing magnesium or the surface of a magnesium alloy with sufficient corrosion resistance to corrosive gases, while preventing the surface from scattering magnesium therefrom even when used in a vacuum at a temperature of not less than 300° C. In this method, a carbon fluoride compound is applied over the surface of the aluminum alloy containing magnesium or the surface of the magnesium alloy, followed by heating in an oxygen atmosphere, thereby forming a fluoride passivation film.


In the process of choosing early out-of-home care and education for their young children, 3 mothers living in a working class neighborhood in New York City coconstructed understandings of care and education settings and practices offered within their community. A feminist–pragmatist framework guided the analysis of data that highlighted the processes by which they sought information and support to make those choices. Data indicated that their appreciation of child development theories and educational practices arose from experiences derived from their active participation in the development of a parents network. This grassroots network acted as an invaluable source of childrearing information, supported reflection on identity formation, and prompted political participation at varying levels. These 3 women coconstructed knowledge of early care and education settings by bringing thought to action—from inception, to development, and culminating in fulfillment.


The International Olympic Committee seeks to reignite interest in Olympic sports in a generation of adolescents that are becoming increasingly overweight and inactive. International Olympic Committee president, Jacques Rogge, helped develop a plan for an Olympic Games for teenagers in 2010; the IOC general assembly approved the idea. But since its declaration on 6 July 2007 this new proposal has provoked loyal advocates and equally committed critics. This study examines the level of awareness of this event in the sporting community in the United States. This newly passed initiative will be examined for academic scrutiny from its very infancy, tracing and predicting impact and outcome from the perspective of athletes, coaches, parents and local and national sport officials in the United States.


This article constructs a game-theoretic model in which high chief executive officer (CEO) pay emerges as the outcome of an arms race, with each firm hiring a highly paid CEO to protect its competitive position against rivals who also hire highly paid CEOs. For an arms race to emerge, highly paid CEOs must generate idiosyncratic, privately known internal effects on profit, and CEO pay disparities must also generate asymmetric profit differences from external effects beyond the simple differences in pay. If the distribution of internal effects satisfies a key uniformity condition, an arms race emerges as the only equilibrium of the game.


Single crystals of destripeptide (B28-B30) insulin (DTRI) in three forms were obtained by hanging-drop vapor diffusion method. Form 1 belongs to P21 space group with cell parameters a =4.77 nm b =6.19 nm c =6.12 nm β =110.3o. Form 2 belongs to P4 1 22 or P4 3 22 space group with cell parameters a = 6.45 nm, c =12.07 nm. Form 3 belongs to P2 1 2 1 2 1 space group with cell parameters a =4.98 nm b =5.16 nm c =10.06 nm. The structure of form 1 crystal was determined by molecular replacement method and refined at 0.23 nm resolution. The R-factor of the final model is 18.8% with r.m.s. deviations of 0.001 5 nm and 3.3o for the bond lengths and the bond angles, respectively. Studies on the crystal structure show that the removal of B28 Pro has brought DTRI structural changes which made it dissociate more easily than native insulin although DTRI can still form a hexamer.


Objective:To observe the cellular electrophysiological characteristics of neurons in nucleus accumbens(NAc) slices of adult rats for providing an in vitro model of NAc to study drug addiction and neuropsychiatric disorders.Methods: The intracellular recordings were made in neurons of NAc slices prepared from adult rats,and observed were the membrane electrophysiological properties and synaptic transmission evoked by focal electrical stimulation.Results: Of the 10 NAc neurons stably recorded,the resting potential,slope membrane resistance and amplitude of action potential were(-70.9±12.9) mV,(59.3±19.8)MΩ and(86.5±14.1)mV,respectively,in which spike firing frequency was increased with depolarizing current intensity in 4 cells and anomalous rectification was found in 6 NAc neurons.The excitatory postsynaptic potentials(EPSPs) with stimulus intensity-dependent property were elicited by dorsal focal electrical stimuli at 0.1 Hz(n=5).Superfusion of L-glutamate at concentration of 10 mmol/L induced depolarizing response in 5 NAc neurons tested.Still,bath of tetrodotoxin(0.5 μmol/L) reversibly nullified the action potential initiated by intracellular depolarizing current injection and EPSPs evoked by focal electrical stimulation.Conclusion: Intracellular recordings from NAc neurons of adult rats appear stable and reliable,suggesting that the typical electrophysiological properties and synaptic potentials may be used to test the physiological and pharmacological actions of NAc neurons associated with cerebral functions and neuropsychiatric disorders.


We report a case of 69-year-old female patient who presented with a dislocated insert causing tibial component failure and catastrophic metallosis after 4 years of prosthesis implantation. In case of a trauma history, surgeons must suspect friction noise and motion loss as clinical symptoms indicating dislocation of the insert at the initial postoperative period. Timely diagnosis can prevent catastrophic consequences.


Large eddy simulation has been carried out of turbulent flow and heat transfer around a circular cylinder in crossflow at three subcritical Reynolds numbers (Re = 3,900, 10,000, 18,900) where the flow and heat transfer characteristics change rapidly with the Reynolds number. The computations were carried out using a second-order-accurate finite-volume Navier-Stokes solver that permits use of arbitrary unstructured meshes. A fully implicit, non-iterative fractional-step method was employed to advance the solution in time. The subgrid-scale (SGS) turbulent stresses and heat fluxes were modeled using the dynamic Smagorinsky model. The LES predictions were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data of Hajime and Igarashi (2004). The salient features of turbulent heat transfer in subcritical regime such as the laminar thermal boundary layer and the rapid increase with Reynolds number both in the mean and the r.m.s. Nusselt number in the separated region are closely reproduced by the predictions. The numerical results confirmed that the heat transfer characteristics are closely correlated with the structural change in the underlying flow with the Reynolds number.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


Background—Genetic variants in the chromosomal region 17q21 are consistently associated with asthma. However, mechanistic studies have not yet linked any of the associated variants to a function that could influence asthma, and as a result, the identity of the asthma gene(s) remains elusive. Objectives—We sought to identify and characterize functional variants in the 17q21 locus. Methods—We used the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) browser to identify coding (amino acid-changing) variants in the 17q21 locus. We obtained asthma association measures for these variants in both the GERA cohort (16,274 cases and 38,269 matched controls) and the EVE Correspondence author: Quan Lu, PhD, Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Phone number: 617-432-7145, FAX: 617-432-3468; firstname.lastname@example.com. +These authors contribute equally to this work HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Allergy Clin Immunol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2018 November 09. Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 November ; 142(5): 1469–1478.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.040. A uhor M anscript


Having approved and promulgated the New Political Constitution of the State since 2009, a legal provision was approved and put into effect as art. 65 which speaks of the right to identity, and that it will be asserted at the indication of the father or mother and also tells us that the presumption will be valid unless there is evidence to the contrary.


Does the viability of the discovery program depend on showing either (1) that methods of generating new problem solutions, per se, have special probative weight (the per se thesis); or, (2) that the original conception of an idea is logically continuous with its justification (anti-divorce thesis)? Many writers have identified these as the key issues of the discovery debate. McLaughlin, Pera, and others recently have defended the discovery program by attacking the divorce thesis, while Laudan has attacked the discovery program by rejecting the per se thesis. This disagreement over the central issue has led to communication breakdown. I contend that both friends and foes of discovery mistake the central issues. Recognizing a form of divorce helps rather than hurts the discovery program. However, the per se thesis is not essential to the program (nor is the related debate over novel prediction); hence, the status of the per se thesis is a side issue. With these clarifications in hand, we can proceed to the next stage of the discovery debate--the development (or revival) of a generative conception of justification which goes beyond consequentialism to forge a strong linkage of generation (or rather, generatability) with justification.


Perturbations in blood cytokine levels have been suggested as potential biomarkers in chronic diseases. Several technological and computational barriers have stood in the way of fully exploiting this source of information, however. We evaluated two commonly used laboratory methods, ELISA and fluorescent bead based multiplex assays, on two commonly used sources, serum and plasma, for measuring resting cytokine levels in a pool of 43 people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and 60 not ill controls (age, sex, race, and BMI matched) in a population based study of Wichita, KS. Our main finding is that cytokine concentrations in serum and plasma samples best fit a Weibull distribution, not a normal or lognormal distribution, although this is not uniformly true. A model is proposed for the dynamics underlying cytokine production in the blood which could explain these distributions, and could also explain the lack of correlation between serum and plasma measurements observed by our group and other groups. We also develop a symmetric form of the Kullback‐Leibler distance to measure the separation between Weibull distributions and a bootstrap method to estimate p‐values for the same. Based on our analysis of the Weibull distributions, we found a statistically significant difference between CFS cases and controls in IL‐6 levels, in keeping with the allostatic load hypothesis for CFS. Though we used different reagents and different methods in different laboratories for these measurements, the plasma IL‐6 measurements yielded good correlation between luminex and ELISA based methods, although the scales differed by more than an order of magnitude for unknown reasons.


The brake energy recovery technology has become a key technology for electric vehicles which can significantly increase the energy economy of the electric vehicle. By-wire control of friction braking is the basic requirement for regenerative braking. For commercial vehicles with the pneumatic brake system, this article presents a novel electronic pneumatic brake system actuated by a linear motor. The electronic pneumatic brake system was modeled based on Matlab/Simulink and the accuracy of the model was verified by bench test data. Based on the analysis of model characteristic, PID and fuzzy PID controller are designed. The control effect is verified by the hardware-in-loop simulation platform of the electronic pneumatic brake system. Experimental results show that the overall performance of fuzzy PID control is better than PID control. The research can provide a friction braking force control solution for the braking energy recovery technology of an electric bus or truck using a pneumatic brake system.


This paper presents a new algorithm for controlling the magnetic induction waveform in a specific measurement system for the magnetic characterization and modeling of silicon steel sheets. Experimental results show that, with this new control algorithm, the measurement system is able to characterize silicon steel sheets under sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal waveforms in wide frequency and amplitude range.


The present invention relates to a liquid composition which comprises, in an aqueous medium, one or more protein (s), and one or more agent (s) solubilizer (s), and which is characterized in that said solubilizing agent is a compound of anionic non-saccharide structure, which contains at least one aromatic ring having at least 6 ring members and at least one carboxylic acid group in salt form, and which has in its acid form a molar mass ranging from 130 to 500 g / mol. The invention also relates to the preparation of such a composition, uses thereof particularly in the pharmaceutical and veterinary use, as well as the use of the above solubilizing agent to enhance the solubilization of proteins within an aqueous composition.


This summary report is based on the technical report titled Blueprint for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production potential in South Africa: A multicriteria analysis of South Africa's techno-economic potential for sustainable aviation fuel production and the socio-economic impacts , available online at www.wwf.org.za/report/technical_blueprint_for_


Identifying both aggressive hypercellular (HCV) and hyperperfused (hCBV) regions of glioblastoma (GBM) prior to radiation (RT) using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) predicts PFS and recurrence better than either technique alone, and is under investigation in a phase II trial as a novel target for dose-intensified RT. We hypothesized that early response in combined HCV/hCBV could be assessed using mpMRI and predict OS better than baseline assessment.

 Forty-three patients with newly diagnosed GBM underwent prospective high b-value (b=3000 s/mm2) DW-MRI and DCE-MRI pre-RT and 3 weeks into RT. Twenty patients were treated on a dose-escalation trial specifically targeting HCV/hCBV identified by mpMRI. An automated threshold method was used to generate HCV (mean contralateral normal brain+2SD) and hCBV (contralateral normal frontal grey matter+1SD). Survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank test. Age, gender, performance status, RT dose, extent of surgery, MGMT methylation, and imaging characteristic were tested in Cox proportional hazards models for survival.

 Most patients had gross total (47%) or subtotal resection (37%), and 25% were MGMT methylated. Significant volumetric reduction during RT was observed in the Gd-enhanced volume (4.4 cc reduction, 95%CI 1.1–7.7, 17%), as well as HCV (1.8 cc reduction, 95%CI 0.2–3.4, 19%) and hCBV (1.1 cc reduction, 95%CI -0.4–2.6, 10%). No difference was observed between MGMT subgroups, but patients treated on protocol specifically targeting the mpMRI volume had significant reduction in combined HCV/hCBV (-4.4 cc, 95%CI -6.6,-2.3) vs non-protocol patients (-0.3 cc, 95%CI -2.6,2.0, p=0.006). A reduction in combined HCV/hCBV was associated with superior OS (AHR 0.60, 95%CI 0.40–0.89, p=0.01), while baseline imaging (all p< 0.90) and change in Gd-enhanced volume (p=0.61) were not.

 Significant early response in HCV/hCBV during treatment is observed when targeted with dose-intensified RT, and is associated with improved OS with potential for adaptive strategies in future trials.


Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) typically lack somatic oncogene‐activating mutations and most of them contain p53 mutations. However, the presence of p53 mutations in skin premalignant lesions suggests that these represent early events during tumor progression and additional alterations may be required for SCC development. SCC cells frequently express high levels of ΔNp63α and Y‐box binding 1 (YB‐1 or YBX1) oncoproteins. Here, we show that knockdown of YB‐1 in spontaneously immortalized HaCaT and non‐metastatic SCC011 cells led to a dramatic decrease of ΔNp63α, cell detachment and death. In highly metastatic SCC022 cells, instead, YB‐1 silencing induces PI3K/AKT signaling hyperactivation which counteracts the effect of YB‐1 depletion and promotes cell survival. In summary, our results unveil a functional cross‐talk between YB‐1, ΔNp63α and the PI3K/AKT pathway critically governing survival of squamous carcinoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 2067–2074, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This book provides an authoritative account of reflexes from receptors in the atria and ventricles of the mammalian heart. It results from an international symposium attended by virtually all the world's leading authorities in the field. Contributors review their field and present accounts of recent research and current views. Areas of controversy are highlighted in the discussions. Physiologists, cardiologists, neuroscientists, neurologists.


Rice marketing, largely, is still traditional, wherein farmers sell their products to traders, who then sell them to consumers. On the other hand, the use of digital media is fast developing in society currently. It is also growing in rice marketing. Digital media can be utilized by farmers to shift from traditional marketing channels to direct online marketing to consumers. The question is which category, i.e., farmers, or traders, can better adopt digital marketing. The purpose of this study is to compare the adoption rate of digital marketing between farmers and traders. If this adoption is higher, then there is a possibility of direct online marketing replacing the traditional ways of rice marketing. The research was conducted by surveying farmers and traders in certain rice production centers in Indonesia. The location of the research was Gantar District in Indramayu Regency, West Java province. The location was chosen because Gantar District is the highest rice producer in Indramayu Regency; furthermore, this Regency is the largest rice producer in West Java. The province of West Java is the ultimate rice producer in Indonesia. The results show that the digital media adoption of traders is higher than that of farmers. So, the possibility of a shift to online marketing from farmers to consumers is low possibility.


Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) has emerged to provide significant benefits to organisations. From a technical perspective, EAI overcomes integration problems at all integration levels (e.g. data level, process level etc) by providing a flexible and manageable Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. From a business perspective EAI reduces the overall integration cost due to the reduction of integration time and maintenance cost. A review of the literature in the area of EAI indicates that the impact of EAI adoption has not been widely studied and researched in healthcare organisations. As a result there is a relative void in the literature. Healthcare organisations seek answers to the impact of EAI adoption. As well in practice, with this paper exploring the issues related to EAI adoption in healthcare organisations. In doing so, a conceptual model for EAI adoption in healthcare organisations is proposed. Decision makers in the healthcare organisations, when considering the adoption of EAI can use the model.


The design and analysis of numerical methods for the solution of partial differential equations of the form 6u6t (x, t) + L(x, D) u(x, t) = 0, where the differential operator L(x, D) has constant coefficients, is greatly simplified by the fact that, for many methods, a closed-form representation of the computed solution as a function of x and t is readily available. This is due in large part to the fact that for such methods, the matrix that represents a discretization of L(x, D ) is diagonalizable, and the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of this matrix are known. For variable-coefficient problems, however, this simplification is not available.
This thesis presents an alternative approach to the solution of this problem in the variable-coefficient case that leads to a new numerical method, called a Krylov subspace method, for which the computed solution can easily be represented as a function of x and t. The method makes use of Gaussian quadrature in the spectral domain to compute Fourier components of the solution. For each component, a different approximation of the solution operator by a restriction to a low-dimensional Krylov subspace is employed, and each approximation is optimal in some sense for computing the given component. The computed solution can be analytically differentiated with respect to time, resulting in new approaches to deferred correction and the solution of PDE that are second-order in time such as the telegraph equation.
As the Krylov subspace method is more effective for problems where the operator L(x, D) has smooth coefficients, approaches to preconditioning differential operators using unitary similarity transformations are presented. These preconditioning techniques are based on the use of the uncertainty principle by Fefferman to obtain approximate diagonalizations of self-adjoint differential operators.


In this paper we are introducing a new inductive sensor for temperature measurement in induction heating industries and simulation of a colpitts oscillator circuit that produces an inversly varying frequency output, according to the inductance value of the induction coil is done in LABview software. LABview is a software virtual instrumentation tool in which hardware configuration is possible. The oscillator circuit is coupled with the software by using Arduino kit. Different types of contact and non contact temperature sensors were analysed. We have done a comparison and analysis of contact temperature sensors like thermistor, RTD, thermocouple and the non contact sensor like infrared sensors. It was found that high frequency oscillators can be used to detect the frequency variations in the induction heating device. Colpitts oscillator was found more suitable for the detection of frequency variations, so we have selected the colpitts oscillator for this purpose. The colpitts oscillator have the frequency range of 20KHz to 300MHz.


Objective To investigate a reasonable method of inguinal hernioplasty.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 32 adults with inguinal hernia who had been treated by Millikan's tension-free herniorrhaphy.Results All cases were successfully treated.Two cases were operated in emergency.Urinary retention was observed in 2 cases(6.25%).No incisional infection,hematoma and testitis was found after operation.Recovery time was 3 to 5 days with a mean of 3.5 days.No recurrence and chronic pain was happened after follow-up of 2 months to 2 years.Conclusions Millikan's tension-free herniorrhaphy is safe,effective,and convenient to repair all the kinds of adult inguinal hernia.


New functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)s (PPOs) containing ethylenic, aldehydic, hydroxyl and acrylate pendant groups were synthesized and their structure, properties and curing kinetics were investigated. The incorporation of polar functional groups resulted in an improvement in the glass transition temperature in the order aldehydic PPO > acrylate PPO > hydroxyl PPO > vinyl PPO > brominated PPO > pristine PPO. Upon thermal curing, the electron-donating substituent in the vinyl PPO resulted in an increase in the activation energy in the order –Pr, –Bu > –Ph > –H, whereas the electron-withdrawing substituent in the acrylate PPO caused a slight decrease in the activation energy. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry


The magnetic properties and resistivity of electroplated Ni/sub 45/Fe/sub 55/ films with added Cr or Mo were investigated in order to obtain write head materials with high resistivity for high frequency (a few hundred MHz) regions. The high resistivity of 60 /spl mu//spl Omega/ cm and high magnetic flux density of 1.5T were obtained when 1.5at% of Cr or Mo were added to electroplated Ni/sub 45/Fe/sub 55/ films. The thermal stability and corrosion resistance of NiFe(Cr, Mo) films were the same as those of NiFe films. Furthermore, domain structures of the NiFe and NiFeCr top write-head core were observed. The easy axis of annealed films easily switched towards the track width direction in the head-yoke geometry.


Sayaji Baug Zoo received a female python on 30 September 1996. She was rescued by the reporter of a local newspaper from Bhojpar Village of Sankheda, Vadodara. The python was badly cut from the jaw joint running laterally for 20cm. The cut had opened the anterior portion of the digestive track. A local shepherd had injured the animal with a long metal arrow. As soon as the animal was received by the zoo, it weighed 15kg and measured 3.12m from snout to tip of the tail. The injured part was cleaned with mild solution of antiseptic and tranquilized. After 30 minutes the wound was stitched with nylon sutures. First, the inner suture to stitch the oesophagus. This time a nylon suture was used instead of cat-gut, because it was observed from an earlier experience that when the inner body organ of an injured python was stitched with cat-gut, the stitches got diluted by the digestive acidic enzymes and the inner digestive track opened up after three days. The second layer of suture was to the skin (Table 2).


The rapid population growth rate (2% annually from 1949 to 1978) caused great difficulties for China's national economy because it increased the burden of families, communities, and government. It caused employment problems and slowed increases in living standards and educational levels. The best way to control population growth is based on a combination of political education and effective economic measures. The recommendations are: 1) coordinate employment, food rationing, salaries, bonuses, health treatment, age and condition of retirement, preschool care and education with family planning programs, maintain the elderly's living standard, and give preference to childless and single child families; 2) educate people about family planning and incorporate population growth and family planning into political and economics courses in high school and college; 3) incorporate population control into national economic plans; 4) prohibit families with 3 children and advocate 1 child per couple; and 5) establish a permanent population committee to plan, develop, and implement population policies and related research.


. Football is characterized by an invasion sport that involves two teams aiming to score a goal to triumph. Objective: to analyze of scoring method on the physical, technical, and tactical performances during football small-sided games (SSGs). Methods: A systematic review was performed based on PRISMA recommendations in three databases (Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, and Web of Science) using the terms ("small sided games" [Title/Abstract]) AND ("soccer" [Title/Abstract]) OR ("football" [Title/Abstract]) AND ("scoring" [Title/Abstract]). Cross-sectional studies that analyzed SSGs quantity, positioning, and target size were included. Results: A total of 825 articles were initially screened based on the established search. Out of these, 120 were automatically excluded as duplicates and an additional of 65 were manually identified as duplicate. During the title and abstract reading phase, 618 were excluded. Subsequently, during the complete reading phase, 10 more articles were excluded. Still, 4 articles were manually inserted from Google Scholar database due to their theme relevance. As result, a total of 12 studies were included in this review. Conclusion: the number of targets (T) and the scoring zone (SZ) in SSGs seems to influence the training load. SSGs with 1 goal-scoring (1G) and SZ in the end of the field demand more physical effort when compared to 2 goal-scoring (2G) and 3 goal-scoring (3G). SSGs with more T require higher tactical performance. Thus, coaches must use the different formats of the SSGs, SZ or goal-scoring (G) strate-gies according to the objective of the training session.


and so on. One of the most useful suggestions in this report is for freightways supported by tolls, specially constructed for heavy through haulage traffic. If this were carried out on a bold scale between the large centres of population, the public roadways would be saved wear and tear, and the levy of a toll would go some way to redress the grievance of the railways that the road traffic has its " permanent " way supplied free by the public. The whole important question of roads and traffic is treated ably and at considerable length in the volume under review. The question of parks, again, exercises the minds of town planners and social reformers, and here too specialization of function is becoming a necessity. Recreation grounds for children ; scenic parks ; zoological gardens; game parks for cricket, hockey, and football; golf courses, are a few of the requirements of the urban population to-day. A study of the New York area exposes the artificial organization (or concentration?) of the modern centralized populations. It is only by constant planning and careful forethought that they can. be kept from disaster. Take for instance the fine photograph on p. 89 of a modern sewage-disposal plant with a raised railroad in the foreground curving up to the bridge level to cross the wide river ; it is a magnificent composition in modern materials and illustrates one tiny fragment of public service vital to the townsman. Or take the clover-leaf intersection illustrated on p. 41 where two important highways meet : here we have a second example of the expensive provision which has to be made by th~ modern community to enable it to carry on its complex method of life. ln the light of this it is comforting to read in chapter VIII of the provision being made, both by legislation and by unofficial citizen groups, for the extension of planning and the continuous development of the region on proper lines, and on p. I 2 7 of the plan for a sound scheme of development on broad lines to be mapped out and given official sanction in all areas not actually in process of development. This is of great importance and fundamental to all planning, and, if carried out faithfully, will prevent the great future expense of redressing the wrongs done in the name of unhampered " development." Indeed, this report is an epitome of up-to-date planning, and is worthy of study by all those students who desire to learn the practical problem of the organization of the great modern city. G. G. CLARK •


The importance of social media for election campaigning has received a lot of attention recently. Using data from the 2011 New Zealand general election and the size of candidates' social media networks on Facebook and Twitter, we investigate whether social media is associated with election votes and probability of election success. Overall, our results suggest that there is a statistically significant relationship between the size of online social networks and election voting and election results. However, the size of the effect is small and it appears that social media presence is therefore only predictive in closely contested elections.


Spectral inversion can effectively mitigate intra-subcarrier nonlinear noise for uniform and non-uniform links, while inter-subcarrier nonlinear noise mitigation is more sensitive to the link symmetry. Spectral inversion mitigates significant nonlinear noise even with off-midspan placement.


Bitcoin's throughput is far lower than those of centralized systems such as Visa and PayPal. To handle a comparable number of transactions, Bitcoin's throughput must be improved, which will require a reduction in the block propagation time. Relay networks have attracted attention as a method to improve throughput. However, the nature and strength of the effects of relay networks are not yet clear. In particular, the effects on individual nodes have received little attention. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of relay networks on the Bitcoin network and its nodes under the current network state in approximately 2019. We simulate a relay network under the current network state because simulation is virtually the only way to obtain data for all nodes. A major contribution of this study is that it is the first to investigate the relay network effect on the 90th percentile of block propagation time. Moreover, this study shows that relay networks benefit not only the system but also the nodes utilizing them. The utilizing nodes' blocks were more than six times more likely to be approved as valid blocks when nonutilizing and utilizing nodes generated blocks simultaneously. This finding can motivate the use of nodes in relay networks.


Objective:To investigate the role of telomerase activity and hTRT gene expression in the process of gastric carcinogenesis.Methods:Telomerase activity in gastric mucosa specimens was exami ned by PCR based telomeric repeats amplification protocol (TRAP) assay,and hTRT gene expression in gastric mucosa was measured by semi quantitative RT PCR assays of hTRT mRNA.Results:Telomerase activity was detected in all of the gastric neoplasm specimens (8/8),and 4 of 10 precancerous state specimens,while no telomerase activity in 9 chronic superficial gastritis.Six of 7 specimens with gastric neoplasms revealed high levels of the expression of hTRT ,while the expression was not detected in 5 chronic superficial gastritis.Conclusion:Telomerase activation may be a critical step in gastric carcinogenesis.The detection of telomerase may be helpful in the early diagnosis of gastric cancers.The expression levels of hTRT may correlate with telomerase activity in gastric mucosa.


7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 INTRODUCTION 11 METHODS 13 Overview 13 Study site 13 Taxonomic aggregation of fisheries 14 Estimating fisheries reference points from catch-only data 15 Bioeconomic model 16 Biological model 16 Economic model 17 Bioeconomic Dynamics 17 Regional Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) fishing 18 Scenarios 18 RESULTS 18 1. Fisheries status under different reserve network implementation years. 19 2. Impacts on biomass, catch and profits with delay of a 5% reserve network 20 2.1 Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported fishing at 0% 20 2.2 Accounting for 60% IUU fishing and simulating perfect compliance 23 3. Impacts on biomass, catch, and profits with delayed implementation of a 30% and 50% reserve network 25 3.1 Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported fishing at 0% 25 3.2 Accounting for IUU and simulating perfect compliance 26 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 30


Alginate-diatomite immobilized microspheres were prepared through immobilized biosorption of diatomite and Mucor sp. by sodium alginate, which were employed to adsorb acephate and Hg2+ in wastewater. Several major factors were investigated. Results showed that initial concentration of acephate and Hg2+ were both 300ug/l, percent of adding immobilized microspheres full of Mucor sp.was 6%(m:m), rotating speed 160~200r/min. Keywords: Adsorption; Acephate; Hg2+; Mucor sp.


In recent years,during the exploitation process,quite serious sulfur deposition happened in some gas well of carbonatite in east Sichuan gas field,which even hindered production.Therefore,it becomes important to make accurate prediction and effective management on sulfur deposition of gas well.A new analytical models is put forward,in which the solubility of the sulfur is the function of temperature,pressure and flow pattern.The temperature is with integrated pressure,and particle force analysis is applied to predict sulfur deposition in gas well bore through higher sulfur content exploitation process.The prediction result is in accordance with practical situation,which means the new model can be used as the basis of design,such as desulfurizing treatment design,well cleanout operating design,well completion optimization design,and exploitation rate design.


A (weighted) Θ-fuzzy associative memory can be viewed as single hidden layer neural network whose inputs are drawn from an arbitrary bounded lattice ${\mathbb{L}}$. The ξth hidden node applies a function ${\Theta ^\xi }:{\mathbb{L}} \to [0,1]$ to an input $A \in {\mathbb{L}}$. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for designing Θ-FAMs. Roughly speaking, this algorithm consists of the following two stages:1)Construction of a set of functions ${\Theta ^\xi }:{\mathbb{L}} \to [0,1]$ where ξ = 1,…,p;2)Optimization of the weights.Our new algorithm differs from the previous algorithm for tunable equivalence fuzzy associative memories. Instead of merely extracting a subset of functions ${\Theta ^\xi }:{\mathbb{L}} \to [0,1]$ from a given set, we generate a new set of functions on the basis of the partial ordering of ${\mathbb{L}}$. The paper includes some experimental results in a set of benchmark classification problems. We also apply a combination of the resulting Θ-FAM and a deep convolutional neural network to a problem of image texture classification and compare the classification performance of our approach with the ones of some state-of-the-art methods from the literature.


It presents the social and scientific dimension that the competency notion in contemporary takes to draw connections with the meaning and implications of qualification established through the relationship between education and labor and the restructuring of the means of production. Seeks to understand and collaborate with the reflection of the social and scientific uses of the term competence and interrelation with information literacy. Descriptive study, with qualitative analyzes from the literature of Library Science, Information Science and Sociology. The information literacy is displayed as a result of social changes, mainly educational thereby impacting traditional areas of accumulation and dissemination of information, such as libraries.


In order to study the change of the tire surface temperature during tire running, tire surface temperature experiments were made with the automobile rotary drum, the thermovision infrared equipment etc. Through the tests we got the temperature distribution of the tire surface during the tire rolling and after the tire stopped. Then the temperature distribution is analyzed.


Candikuning is part of the district of Baturiti, tourism village, better known by the name of Bedugul. No less interesting is the variety of chips produced by two partner groups as a souvenir after the tour, such as Chips: Spinach; beans; Tempeh. The purpose of this research were to design a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP): Production Processes on the Home Industry Bedugul Baturiti Tabanan Bali. The data technic collected use: observation; Documentation; and then interview to collect information. The data analysis technic done by using the Miles & Huberman. Result this research that the draft SOP: Production Processes Chips (Menu). The conclusion in this research SOP Production Processes use with flowchart and description on the Home Industry Bedugul Baturiti Tabanan Bali.


The present invention relates to a high resistance realizing plates or bricks inside or outside designated to cover a wall or floor, comprising the steps of: exhibiting a visible surface arranged plates or tiles; supporting plate is arranged at least one thin sheet or support having a thermal expansion coefficient greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the first plate or brick characteristics, a thin support plate or supporting plate has excellent toughness and difficult to break; under heating plates or tiles bonded to the thin plate supporting plate or support or a thin support plate or support plate is bonded to the plates or tiles, using a suitable glue to adhere to the surface of which to be bonded; component thus obtained was placed to cool to ambient temperature, such as different coefficient of thermal expansion (contraction), the thin plate supporting plate or supporting visible by generating compressed from opposing surfaces or flat tiles in the starting state of firmly adhering thereto tablet or brick.


Let G = (V,E) be the IFG and D be set of vertices, then D is said to be intuitionistic point set dominating set of G if for every S⊆ VD there exists a node d D such that the intuitionistic fuzzy sub graph < S {d} > induced by S {d} is a connected intuitionistic fuzzy graph. In this paper, we study some results on Point set dominating set and its number of IFGs and semi complete IFG. Also we establish the bounds with other domination parameters of IFGs.


Economic Value Added is the financial performance measure that comes closer than any other to capture the true economic profit of an enterprise. EVA is the performance measure most directly linked to the creation of shareholder wealth over time. EVA-based financial management and incentive compensation system, gives managers superior information and superior motivation to make decisions, that will create the greatest shareholder wealth in any publicity owned or private enterprise. Stern Stewart & Co., is a Global consulting firm, which was established in 1982, developed EVA. Economic Value Added is currently a very popular idea. This has led to restructuring, lowering of cost of capital, efficiency improvement and dramatic increase in current market value. EVA is essentially the surplus left after making an appropriate change for the capital employed in the business. The analysis of Economic Value Added (EVA) of Hindustan Unilever Limited helps in maximizing the wealth of shareholders effectively.


The effects of different matrix components(A),different ear lignification(B),different ABT1# rooting accelerator mass concentration(C) on Pohutukawa cutting propagation rooting rate were studied.The results indicated that: The A1B2C2 combination was the best,it's rooting rate waas 93.8%;The order of different seasons in the year of cutting propagation of rooting rate comparison was winterspring(86.3%)summerfall.


With the development of social network, the information in social network environment is increasing rapidly. It is a hot issue that how to recommend the resources to users according to their interests using big data. In order to improve the quality of recommendation, this paper proposes a unified probability matrix factorization recommendation model called TSRec which integrates social tags. The model uses the information of users, resources and tags of social network, and optimizes the parameters of the training model to provide the best recommendation effect.


Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of OA and is not currently considered to be a curable disease. Specifically, mild-to-moderate knee OA that is resistant to conservative treatment, but does not warrant joint replacement, poses a significant clinical problem. Genicular arterial embolisation (GAE) is an interventional radiological technique designed to subvert neoangiogenesis within the joint, in turn reducing pain and improving function. Preliminary data has identified a subset of patients who do not respond, despite a technically successful procedure. We therefore investigated individual differences in pain and pain perception to identify predictive pre-surgical markers for clinical outcomes. Specifically, we investigated pain catastrophising (PC) and its neural correlates using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Thirty patients participated in a presurgical assessment battery during which they completed psychometric profiling and quantitative sensory testing. A subset of seventeen patients also completed an rs-fMRI session. Patients then recorded post-surgical outcomes at 6-weeks, 3-months, 12-months and 24-months. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) served as a seed for whole-brain voxel-wise connectivity with pain catastrophising scores entered as a regressor in group analysis. Pain catastrophising was associated with a myriad of aversive psychological/lifestyle variables at baseline, as well as a predisposition for attending to pain. Surprisingly, high pain catastrophisers stood to gain the best improvements from GAE, with PC scores predicting the higher reductions in pain across all time-points. Seed-based whole-brain connectivity revealed that PCS was associated with higher connectivity between the DLPFC and areas of the brain associated with pain processing, suggesting more frequent engagement of top-down modulatory processes when experiencing pain. These results are an early step towards understanding outcomes from novel interventional treatments for mild-to-moderate knee OA. Data suggests that improvements in pain and function via GAE could help high catastrophisers manage their pain, and in turn, the negative associations with pain that were identified at baseline.


INTRODUCTION
This study was designed to shed light on the learning difficulties of diabetic patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
An open-ended questionnaire was sent to 50 patients and 50 diabetics patients and 100 health care professionals working in the field of diabetes and nutrition who had been trained in patient education techniques. They were asked to describe the skills that were the easiest to teach patients and those that patients mastered the best, as well as the skills they found hardest to teach patients, those that patients mastered the least and those that gave rise to errors persisting after the patients education was completed.

RESULTS
On the whole, the results showed that the educators found it easy to teach techniques: patients mastered procedures well and made few mistakes. In contrast, diabetic patients seem to have problems learning skills, such as insulin dose adjustment, that require complex problem-solving (involving multiple variables).

CONCLUSIONS
Based on these findings, the authors discuss the notions of learning complexity and the time needed for successful patient education.


A new spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of trace vanadium based on the rapid reaction of vanadium(Ⅴ) with 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-sulfonic acid sodium.In the presence of CTMAB,1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-sulfonic acid sodium reacts with vanadium(Ⅴ) to form a stable complex with molar ratio of 2∶1 in HAc-NaAc buffer solution(pH 4.0).The complex was extracted by cation exchange resin cartridge and was eluted with ethanol,then be determined by spectrophotometry.The apparent molar absorptivity e is 1.16×105 L·mol-1·cm-1 at 420 nm.Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0-0.4 μg/mL for V(Ⅴ) and r=0.998 9.More than 30 coexistent ions didn't disturb the determination.This method has been applied to the determination of vanadium(Ⅴ) in alloy,rock and fly ash samples with the RSD less than 3% and the recovery of 96%-105%.


(1) An initial survey was made of the numbers of charlock plants in three permanent quadrats over a 3-year period in areas of increasing charlock density in an arable field. Plant size was positively correlated with plant density suggesting that, at densities of < 20 plants m-2, intra-specific competition did not operate. (2) Experimental plots were established with plant populations of charlock comparable to those in the field. The treatments were autumn or spring cultivation, presence or absence of cereal and zero, low or high charlock density. Plants and seedlings were counted continuously over 3 years and seed fall was estimated. (3) Maximum numbers of plants were established in autumn and in spring. The autumn populations arose from newly shed non-dormant seeds but were destroyed either by climate or cultivation. The spring population arose from dormant seeds after rain when soil temperature at 10 cm was above 4.4 'C. Climate was the major factor influencing plant population and reproductive capacity. Drought associated with high levels of radiation markedly reduced plant numbers and seed production in the second year. Charlock was suppressed by the presence of cereal but competitive effects were subsidiary to those of climate and cultivation. (4) Annual seedling emergence was found to be c. 2.50% of the seed population. Estimates from published data showed that the annual death rate of charlock seed in soil is c. 17-9%. (5) Using an exponential model it is possible to show that when potential parent plants are eliminated by herbicides, the viable buried seed population will be diminished by about one order of magnitude each decade, but will be restored by one reproductive season every 11 years.


A study was carried out on the relationship between the changes of micro-relief and the changes of plant communities as well as their spatial distribution patterns,by systematic sampling in a dry depression and its adjacent flat background grassland in the Hulunbuir sandy meadow grassland,Inner Mongolia,China.It was discovered that the changes of micro-relief has a great influence on the variety,composition,and the distribution pattern of plant communities in the depression.There are significant differences about the species composition,the community biotype and ecotype.Heterogeneity of the dominant species and sub-dominant species in different micro-relief were also observed.Plant community characteristics of coverage,ground biomass,and height were high on lower slopes,medium on the middle of slopes,and low on upper slopes.The important value differentiation of dominant specie at different places on slopes facing different directions was also significant.Overall status of plant community on upper SW slope was the poorest,compared with that on the depression and on background grasslands,coinciding with the mass occurrence of blowouts,which indicated that the poorness of vegetation coverage should be an important reason for the mass development of sandy grassland blowouts on upper SW slope in Hulunbuir sandy meadow grasslands.


A laserwire system within the CLIC beam delivery system is simulated using Geant4. The issues of extracting the signal in the presence of beam-related backgrounds is addressed.


Background: Left ventricular (LV) lead position for resynchronization therapy (CRT) is routinely done empirically by targeting the posterior-lateral region. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that acute improvements in dyssynchrony and LV function are related to LV lead proximity to site of latest radial activation. Methods: We studied 42 consecutive heart failure patients referred for CRT with ejection fraction (EF) 19±13%, and QRS 155±26ms (57% Ischemic) before and 24 hours after CRT. Speckle tracking radial strain (GE Corp.) was used to map mechanical activation time from 12 radial sites; 6 at basal and 6 at mid-LV levels. LV lead tip was localized using anatomic landmarks of the coronary sinus from multiple fluoroscopic views during CRT. Concordance was defined as LV lead tip matching the same site as the latest mechanical activation from the 12 radial sites. Results: Overall, group mean radial dyssynchrony improved from 253±127ms to 53±127ms (p Conclusions: Although empiric LV lead placement for CRT results in acute improvement in LV dyssynchrony overall, concordance of lead position with site of latest activation is associated with greater improvements in dyssynchrony and LV function. These observations have potential clinical implications.


A compact 635nm laser diode (LD) module has been developed with a staircase architecture and multi-LD packages for laser projection. This module allows it to couple the light into a single fiber with 600µm diameter, numerical Aperture (NA) 0.22. Optical output power of 5.1W and optical to optical efficienciey of more than 80% were demonstrated.


Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of various diseases, among them cancer. Inhaling cigarette smoke the organism get beyond the nicotine, which can promote behavioral changes, high levels of reactive oxygen substances capable of promoting oxidative stress. This study examined the behavioral changes in mice exposed to cigarette smoke in an exposure standard that simulates human exposure in enclosed spaces such as bars and nightclubs. It was also assessed the rate of lipid peroxidation in liver, brain and lungs of these animals. Results show that behavioral change occurred in the group of mice exposed to cigarette smoke, which became more anxious and had an increase in exploration activity. This behavioral change was accompanied by an elevated index of lipid peroxidation in the brain of these animals. In conclusion, the exposure of mice to cigarette smoke, even for a short period of time, can produce behavioral changes and induce the degradation of brain tissue through the lipid peroxidation, becoming a risk factor for development of cancer and degenerative diseases.


Based on the analysis of religious policy of the government of Belarus, the existing models of church-state interaction and definitions of religious upbringing and education, the article discusses explore the problem of inclusion of the course on religion in the school curriculum.


Chaotic experimental systems are often investigated using delay coordinates. Estimated values of the correlation dimension in delay coordinate space typically increase with the number of delays and eventually reach a plateau (on which the dimension estimate is relatively constant) whose value is commonly taken as an estimate of the correlation dimension ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ of the underlying chaotic attractor. We report a rigorous result which implies that, for long enough data sets, the plateau begins when the number of delay coordinates first exceeds ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$. Numerical experiments are presented. We also discuss how lack of sufficient data can produce results that seem to be inconsistent with the theoretical prediction.


Design and synthesis of supramolecular hybrids with low dimensionality is currently an attractive research topic. The reaction of Schiff base metal complex with isopolymolybdate leads to the isolation of a new isopolymolybdate based supramolecular hybrid, [Mn(salen)(H2O)2]2[Mo8O26]Na2·2H2O (1) (salen = N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine). The supramolecular hybrid was characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analyses, elemental analyses and X-ray crystallography. Crystal data for 1: triclinic, P-1, a=10.0206(8)Å, b = 11.7416(10)Å, c= 13.1494(13)Å, V = 1382.8(2)Å3, Z= 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0353 and wRref(F2) = 0.1009. Structural analyses reveal that 1 represents the first example of [Mo8O26]4- chains formed POM-Schiff-base hybrid. Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots are used for decoding intermolecular interactions in 1. Additionally, magnetic property of 1 indicates that there is an antiferromagnetic coupling between the metal centers in the complex.


To investigate the influlences of different degrees of pregnancy-induced hypertension on placenta and neonatal.We performed a retrospective analysis of 125 pregnancy-induced hypertension cases at our hospital. Data were obtained by review of the medical records.Severe degree cases occurred earlier than mild or moderate degree cases and bad more influences on placenta and neonatal with higher incidence of SGA.[Conclusion]Strengthening care, treating actively and improving blood infusion of uterus and placenta can decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality.


Case Report A 69-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of redness and itching of the scrotum. He had been treated with potent topical corticosteroids, antifungals and emollients without benefit. There was erythema and oedema of the scrotum, with no involvement of the adjoining flexural or perianal skin. He was patch tested to the European standard series and a perineal series comprising medicaments, corticosteroids, fragrances and clothing (textile) dyes (Trolab). There were strongly positive reactions to Disperse Orange 3, para-phenylenediamine (PPD), and paraaminoazobenzene, which persisted for 5 weeks. The patient was subsequently advised to wear white cotton underwear and light-coloured clothes. Within 5 weeks, his dermatitis was dramatically improved.


An experiment was conducted for evaluation of tomato germplasm in field
conditions and by artificial inoculation method in polyhouse conditions against
early blight for two successive years at tomato farm of Swar region of Rampur
district during cropping season from February to March. The total 141 tomato
germplasms/cultivars were screened, including wild accessions, exotic collection,
indigenous cultivars and advanced lines. Among the 141 germplasms, 5 wild
accessions viz. EC-520057, EC-520058, EC-520059, EC-52061 and EC-501583
exhibited complete resistant against early blight and 10 lines viz. RCMT-1,
LA-40-40-1, KS-118, H-88-78-3, IIVR-Sel-2, H-88-78-1, EC-538394, EC-538404,
NCEBR-4 and EC-508765 found moderately resistant. The 36 cultivars were found
moderately susceptible where disease severity was recorded up to 70%. The 55
cultivars were found to be susceptible and 35 were reported as highly
susceptible where disease severity recorded up to 100% under the field
screening. In another set of experiment spore suspension of having the three
different cfu levels i.e. 125, 185
and 245 were sprayed on pot experiment under polyhouse conditions on 25
cultivars of tomato to check susceptibility of tomato plant, the higher values
of cfu (i.e. 245 cfu) of A. solani were able to break the
immunity of plants, in which KDTS-71, DVRT-1-2, CO-3, PANT-T-3 and VFN-8 were
found to be highly susceptible to early blight in field screening as well as
polyhouse conditions.


ABSTRACT The mechanism of size constancy assures that an object is perceived to be constant in size despite that its retinal size varies with viewing distance. Conversely, an object can be perceived as illusorily larger if the perceived distance becomes greater, due to the size–distance scaling mechanism. The present study aimed at exploring how size–distance scaling is modulated by the encoding duration and how its memory is affected by the retention duration. In Experiment 1, we presented two stimuli simultaneously at two stereoscopic depth planes and manipulated the presentation duration, and found that the magnitude of the size scaling increased with presentation duration. In Experiment 2, we examined the maintenance of size–distance scaling when component stimulus was kept in working memory with variable delays. The results showed that the size scaling was reliably retrieved from working memory if there was no disparity manipulation on the to-be-memorized item, but it decreased with retention if a disparity was applied to the to-be-memorized item. The findings suggest that although the post-scaling size can be stored in working memory, the scaling mechanism may still be in effect when there were conflicts in the oculomotor cues and disparity cues that produces depth perception.


Thanks to a rich fieldwork of seven years (2005-2012) in Lorraine with healers and their patients, the article engages a reflection on the specificities and potential methodological issues of ethnography "at home". Based on concrete field experiences, the article questions the notion of proximity, both for the researcher and the participants. The nature and diversity of relationships with the survey area and territory helps understand a game of places to be occupied on the field relating to a certain type of closeness with the studied environment. Sharing language, territory, social category, religion, cultural features, etc., allows the researcher to benefit from a changing position of close relationship favorable to the investigation. The flexibility of proximity as a concept constructed and lived by the investigator and the investigated, and as facilitating transformations and adjustments, will be further discussed.


The results of field mapping and carbon isotope and phase equilibria studies suggest that two different, locally controlled fluid regimes existed during at least the early phases of high-grade metamorphism in the north Cauchon Lake region, Pikwitonei granulite domain, Manitoba, Canada. During the prograde stages of high-grade "anticlockwise" regional metamorphism, rocks already metamorphosed to at least sillimanite grade were thermally metamorphosed at temperatures near 900 °C by the intrusion of a charnockitic magma. It is likely that this magma released an oxidizing, CO2-bearing, probably CO2-rich fluid phase while the region was still at relatively shallow depths. Fluid migration was channelized along the intrusive contact, and local fluid buffering characterized many of the country rocks. The light carbon isotope values of graphites (gr) and CO2 in cordierites (crd) in pelitic lithologies (δ13Cgr = −41.8 to −30.4; δ13Ccrd = −31.8 to −34.9), and the low oxygen fugacities in many samples rule out infilt...


The Icefield Ranges Research Project (IRRP) continued in 1966 to expand its areas of research. Though work began 1 June and continued until the first week in September, the major portion of the summer investigations was carried out between 20 June and 20 August. Interdisciplinary by nature, IRRP is a combination of investigations in many research fields. In the broad categories of geography, geology, and biology, there were in 1966 twenty studies conducted by more than forty persons, including support personnel. Twelve graduate and two undergraduate college students represented eight colleges and universities in Canada and the United States. Three Canadian scouts, with a number of young students and technical personnel, also assisted in various programs. The Arctic Institute was again awarded by the National Science Foundation a Research Participation for College Teachers (RPCT) grant to allow six teachers to take part in the IRRP research program. Three teachers who were awarded 1965-66 Academic Year Extension grants by the Division of Undergraduate Education in Science of the National Science Foundation returned as participants in the 1966 RPCT program. Participants were equally divided between the earth and biological sciences. IRRP also gave support in part to four independent short-term studies in geology and biology, as well as to a special reconnaissance of mountaineering objectives for the Yukon Territory's Canadian Centennial project in 1967. ...


Eight coordinated lanthanide(III) nitrate complexes with 10-(1-methyl-3-piperidyl)methyl]phenothiazine (Mepazine) having the general formula Ln(MZ)(2)(NO3)(2)]NO3 (where Ln = La, Ce, pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, no, Er, Tm, Vb, Lu and MZ = Mepazine), have been prepared end characterized by analytical, conductance, infrared, electronic and magnetic studies. The complexes show 1 : 1 electrolytic behavior. Mepazine acts as a bidentate ligand, the heterocyclic nitrogen atom and tertiary nitrogen atom of the side-chain being the sites of coordination. Only two of the nitrate groups are coordinated bidentately to the central metal ion while the other remains uncoordinated.


This Thesis contains a theoretical study of the disordered boson system. The most important property of pure interacting boson system at low temperature is superfluidity. In order to understand various phenomena in the real world where some amount of disorder is always present, it is natural to study the effect of the randomness on superfluidity. This problem has the well-known difficulty that, unlike the corresponding electron system, the self-interaction can not be treated as a perturbation. This is because without the selfinteraction the whole system will collapse and becomes a state far different from the physical systems which we intend to study. In this Thesis both microscopic and phenomenological approaches are used to study this long-standing problem. In chapter one I give a general account of the experimental situations and theoretical bases. In chapter two I will report the results on the Bogoliubov theory of liquid helium including weak external random potential. It is shown that superfluidity could be destroyed when the total liquid density is too small. It demonstrates that disorder can in fact change the qualitative nature of the system. In chapter three I will study the corresponding two dimensional system with a new method. It turns out that our method has a direct application to the interesting problems of fractional quantum Hall effect. Numerical results on the strongly disordered superfluid will also be discussed. Chapter four is a model to explain one of the most striking experiments regarding disordered helium: the superfluid transition on porous media. Almost all the experimental observations can be understood within this model. Thesis supervisors: Professor Hung Cheng Professor of Mathematics Professor Kerson Huang Professor of Physics


This invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), where G is-O-,-S-,-C(g1)(g2)-, or-NH-, and n = 1, 2, or 3. Such compounds modulate potassium channels. The compounds are useful for the treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders which are affected by modulation of potassium ion channels. One such condition is seizure disorders. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


Received: 20 Agustus 2021 Revised: 27 September 2021 Accepted: 26 Oktober 2021 Base on preliminary data, there are 36 from 187 pregnant women in the third trimester and 124 women giving birth at the Immanuela Clinic experienced premature rupture of membranes. Premature rupture of membranes is a reason dangerous infection that can result in maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Knowledge Level can indirectly form attitudes and behavior in making decisions in the event of premature rupture of membranes. This research use descriptive quantitative method. The number of samples is 24 respondents who are between 36 weeks-40 weeks pregnant women accidentally visits Immanuela Clinic for Antenatal Care. Accidental Sampling technique with questionnaire instrument, univariate analysis with percentage results were used. The results obtained from 24 respondents, the level of knowledge of pregnant women about premature rupture of membranes at Immanuela clinic Batam has the most knowledge (45.8%) totaling 11 respondents. Most of the pregnant women aged 2035 years (87.5%) amounted to 21 respondents with a high school education level (66.66%) totaling 16 respondents, and pregnant women with multigravida (62.5%) totaling 15 respondents. The level of knowledge of pregnant women about premature rupture of membranes at Immanuela Clinic Batam is categorized as "Enough" with most pregnant women aged 20-35 years with a high school education level and the majority of mothers being multigravida.


Aim. To study the medicosocial characteristic of children with incurable diseases, peculiar features of their treatment and nursing, to single out specific character of personnel training on pediatric palliative care. Materials and methods. Medicosocial characteristic of children's contingent with incurable diseases, included into the register of Perm Krai, was studied. The experience of work on pediatric palliative care over the period of 2014–2017 was summarized. Specific character of physicians' and nurses' training regarding their work in pediatric palliative service was singled out and described. Conclusions. Rendering of palliative care to children and development of pediatric palliative service requires joint efforts and close collaboration among specialists of different profiles not only in practical activity, but when training personnel as well.


Diffusion couples combining a h.c.p. Zr 90 Al 10 supersaturated solid solution with a fc.c. Cu 64 Ni 36 solid solution were annealed at 410°C for different times. The reaction at the interface was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). Cross sectional TEM images and electron diffraction patterns reveal the formation of a non-crystalline layer at the interface between the two solid solutions which grows to a maximum thickness of more than 0.3 μm. Using EDAX, the concentration profiles across the layerswere determined. The glassy layer consists of a Zr-Ni-Al alloy with a small amount of Cu.The concentration profiles reveal that two non-crystalline phases coexist in the diffusion couple. One phase is Ni-rich and the other is Zr-rich. A small gradient of the Ni concentration in the Ni-rich amorphous phase and a steeper gradient in the Zr-rich non crystalline phase indicate that the Ni diffusion constant in the Ni-rich phase is larger than the Ni diffusion constant in the Zr-rich phase. In the late stage of the reaction, the growth of a nanocrystalline layer with an average concentration of Cu 90Nij 0 is observed on the Cu-Ni side of the diffusion couple. Crystallization starts at the Zr-Al side of the diffusion couple.


Accurate and consistent medical terminology is an essential tool in medical education (1). It enables medical students to understand the meaning of each term, medical physicians to communicate with each other and our science to adopt a logical language of high‐level understanding and scientific regularity (2). The linking together of the laboratory, research and clinical practice by medical terminology permits medical physicians to understand and follow the scientific developments in their clinical practice (3). However, in medicine, including paediatric virology, there are several etymologically illogical terms, which cause confusion and misunderstanding (4). The majority of these cases are due to historical bias, which can be explained or justified by historians of medicine, but are inter‐ preted with difficulty by medical students and junior medical staff. The adoption of these terms leads to the continuation of the historical bias, confusion among clinicians and potential misunderstanding. The term virus is an example. It derives from the Latin word virus meaning toxin or poison (5). It was in 1892, almost 128 years ago, when the biologist, Dimitri Ivanokvski in St. Petersburg, Russia, demonstrated that infectious extracts of tobacco plants with tobacco mosaic disease remained infectious following filtration, suggesting that tobacco mosaic disease might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria (6). Six years later, in 1898, the Dutch scientist, Martinus Beijerinck, reported similar experiments with bacteria‐free filtered extracts and introduced the term virus for the filterable and submicroscopic sized causative agent of the tobacco mosaic disease (7). Although he described this agent as a contagium vivum fluidum, his term was based on the hypothesis by Ivanovski that this agent was not a microorganism itself, but a toxin. The Greek term for virus, ios, derives from the ancient Greek verb iimi, meaning 'to move, to cause movement, to put something into something else, to throw the arrow, the poison, the toxin'. Although the choice of this term was based on the poison's translation into ancient Greek, some of the actions of this ancient Greek verb describe, in a unique manner, some of the characteristics of viruses. In the Greek term Iology, ios has been connected with logos, coming from the Greek verb lego, meaning 'to talk about'. Both terms, Virology and Iology, describe the study of viruses. The term vaccination is another example. The word vaccination derives from the Latin word vacca meaning 'the cow' (5). This term was created in order to describe the method of inoculation of pustular material obtained from lesions in cows affected by cowpox, which was developed in 1796 by Dr Edward Jenner, an English country doctor, who later became known as the 'Father of Immunology' (8). The method, which was based on his clinical observation that cowpox infection protected humans against smallpox, replaced variolation, which had been used in clinical prac‐ Correspondence to: Professor Demetrios A. Spandidos, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece E‐mail: email@example.com


On solid evidence, Proto-Austronesian etyma have been reconstructed with final consonants. Just as clearly, word forms in the descendent Bungku-Tolaki languages of southeastern Sulawesi lack final consonants. The question addressed in this paper is whether various final consonants were lost prior or subsequent to the Proto-Bungku-Tolaki (PBT) stage. Based primarily on certain vowel correspondences found in the present-day languages that can be explained by positing final consonants at an earlier stage, I conclude that reflexes of nearly all Proto-Austronesian final consonants must have been maintained into PBT. Final-consonant loss is therefore an areal feature that may have proceeded along different paths in the daughter languages. Of particular note is a process in Mori Atas whereby *-R, *-j, and *-y were syllabified as -i. The results of this study contrast with Sneddon (1993), which found no convincing evidence for reconstructing PBT final consonants. Furthermore, they undercut any intimation that final-consonant loss in PBT might be used as a subgrouping argument. This paper is the first in over fifty years to bring together information - albeit incomplete - on historical sound change in this little-known subfamily


Executive summary This business model has been informed by observations from wastewater using farming communities in India and West Africa where farmers show a significant innovative spirit to adapt either to declining water quality (Buechler and Mekala, 2005) or challenges in accessing water (IWMI, 2008a). The here presented model is based on a distinct example from Ghana and follows in its presentation a hybrid of the business model and case templates.


The requirements of the testing sample of Scanning electron microscopy are extremely strict, the sample must be free of moisture, non-magnetic, non-toxic and stable. The sample without or with poor conductive should be coated.The Scanning electron microscopy is an important experimental method.The present paper introduces the basic principle and the feature of the SEM. It discusses the defects of the images of the Scanning Electron Microscope, including electric charge effect, damage, edge effect, pollution, analyzes the reasons of the defects, suggests solutions and shows results.


The effect of hydrothermal conditions on the interactions between surfactant molecules and silicate species plays a key role in the structural transformations of silica precursors. In this work the structures of different siliceous products obtained at various synthesis temperatures have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy, 27Al and 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, N2 adsorption/desorption measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis. The XRD results show that the removal of other soluble ions from synthesis mixture is a primary step for preparation of the mesostructure in the CTAB−silicate−water synthesis system. Increasing the hydrothermal temperature may lead to the various structures of porous silica and change the behaviors of surfactants in the synthesis mixture. With the increase of hydrothermal temperature from 100 °C to above 165 °C or the prolonging of reaction time at a fixed temperature of 170 °C, the transformation sequence of the following structural ...


To the Editor: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), several driver oncogenes, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), have been found. Th is has led to the development of personalized therapy with EGFRor ALKtyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); however, in clinical practice, oncologists' perceptions of the diagnostic and treatment strategies have not been fully assessed.


A diode-pumped 2 micrometers LIDAR was installed aboard the NASA Ames DC-8 Flying Laboratory. The LIDAR was used to measure true airspeed through a variety of flight operating conditions. Data was successfully obtained during all four six-hour flights.


The invention relates to novel low odor polypropylene composite material and a preparation method thereof. The low odor polypropylene composite material comprises the following components by weight percentage: 50 to 95 percent of polypropylene, 0 to 45 percent of inorganic filler, 0 to 20 percent of flexibilizer POE, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of hydrophobic type odor agglomerate, and 0.1 to 5.0 percent of other additives. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly mixing 20 to 70 percent basal body resin and 30 to 80 percent attapulgite which is modified by a quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, and carrying out extrusion and granulation to form the high concentration hydrophobic type odor agglomerate; and then mixing the high concentration hydrophobic type odor agglomerate with the polypropylene, the inorganic filler, the flexibilizer POE and the other additives, placing the mixture in a double screw extruder, and obtaining the low odor polypropylene composite material after melted extrusion and granulation. The method is characterized in that the method can make the forming and processing of the composite material be free of any impact, and make the composite material have excellent comprehensive physical and chemical properties and a good odor characteristic.


To promote greater use of transit buses as solutions to many social issues, it is essential to provide dynamic bus operation information and demand-responsive bus service to users anywhere and in any situations, which substantially improves users' convenience of bus service and eventually decreases service cost. Association of Electronic Technology for Automobile Traffic and Driving (JSK) realized such services by a simple system with ITS technology and proved its feasibility by an operational test on real bus lines. As a result, it was proved that such a system can be constructed at low cost from a general platform with extendibility and satisfies both users and operation companies. The investigation shows usefulness of such system increases and usage of users is advanced as personal information equipment is spreading. For the covering abstract see ITRD E114174.