Gastrin-like immunoreactivity was originally demonstrated in the central nervous system by Vanderhaeghen and his colleagues in 1975.' Column chromatography of brain extracts has indicated that the majority of brain cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity corresponds to carboxy-terminal fragments of cholecystokinin (CCK-33) and that the C-terminal octapeptide (CCK-8) is the dominant biologically active CCK-like peptide, with smaller amounts of CCK-33, CCK-12, and CCK-4 being present.2-" Subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that the majority of brain CCK is recovered in fractions containing synaptic membranes and vesicles.8*12 Also, K+-induced Ca2+-dependent release of CCK from brain slices and into the lumbar subarachnoid space upon electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve has been demon~ t r a t e d . ~ . " . ' ~ Furthermore, in brain regions high in CCK content, the peptide binds specifically and reversibly to high-affinity, saturable receptor ~ i t e s . ' ~ * ' ~ ' ' These data suggest a possible physiological role for CCK in synaptic transmission although functional features of brain systems that might use CCK as a neurotransmitter or modulator are unknown at present. CCK-like immunoreactivity has been found in peripheral nerves and in about 1&25% of small type B cells of dorsal root ganglia."*'8-21 There is evidence for co-existence of CCKand substance P-like immunoreactivities in a population of small primary sensory neurons;"." this explains the similarity of the distribution of these two peptides in the dorsal horn.*' CCK-positive fiber networks were found to be present a t all levels of the spinal cord, but the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn are particularly rich in CCK-like immunorea~tivity.~*~~'~~'~~''-'~ Some of these networks probably originate from small dorsal root ganglion cells.20*28 There is also evidence for cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive neurons containing SP in the midbrain periaqueductal gray29 and for CCK-positive neurons in the rat medulla oblongata2' that project to the spinal cord. However, data obtained by radioimmunoassay studies on the distribution of CCK-like immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord are not entirely consistent with the histochemical data. While CCK-like immunoreactivity studied by radioimmunoassay confirmed the presence of CCK a t all levels of the cord, it did not detect any CCK in sensory roots or sensory ganglia. In addition, neither dorsal rhizotomy nor combined ventral and dorsal rhizotomies modified CCK levels within the dorsal and ventral parts


In this study, the effects of periodic Si delta-doping on the morphological and optical properties of GaN films grown on Si (111) substrate have been investigated. It is found that the flow rate of Si dopant during growth significantly affects the surface morphology, structural and optical quality of GaN. Compared to undoped GaN on Si(111), films grown using periodic delta-doping show a significant reduction of the in plane tensile stress, which is confirmed by the blueshift of the E2(TO) phonon and band edge photoluminescence peaks. The crack density in GaN films also reduces due to delta-doping.


Ripan Malhi and Agustin Fuentes point out that, 'No matter how well-intended the practitioners, social and political ignorance can lead to "cultural harm" in scientific research, resulting in mistrust, stigmatization, or weakened political authority for communities whose members participate in these studies' (Anton, Malhi and Fuentes 2018, 159). The chance for mitigating these harmful effects in social sciences comes from not allowing biases to be hidden by a false sense of what science should be. The mission of biodeterministic imagination is thick and purposeful. It is dangerous because it codifies the inequities of race and class within a 'capitalist democracy' such as the one we have in the United States. As an archaeologist, it is through the interpretation of black biological and physical anthropologists that I have been helped to shape and inform the methods I use to interpret material remains from peoples of the past. For generations, black archaeologists and anthropologists have also felt the impact of being seen through the eyes of others and have felt the sting of a world that casts the shadow of anti-blackness upon us without any cause for concern. If these biases are allowed to be hidden under the cloak of science, then the field is fertile for agendas that are detrimental to social justice and perhaps to the social sciences writ large. The biodeteministic imagination can be discredited over and over again. Some of the works that I have studied towards that end include biological anthropologists such as Michael Blakey, Fatimah Jackson, Teresa Leslie, Rachel Watkins and Joseph Jones. My earliest influence was the work of W. Montague Cobb. He helped me to see how the very tools used to prove my racial and social inferiority could be used as tools in disassembling the 'race' work of turn-of-thecentury eugenics. Cobb actively and purposefully used the same methods and data as his white counterparts. Cobb disproved race as the defining factor in high-performance or advanced athletic skills. And now, in 2020, Michael Blakey has once again brought to our attention the direct connection to the consistent use of biological determinism which translates into a means to justify the status quo of social and political inequalities. It has finally come to the point where we must abandon the practice forever.


Responsable : Anne Carlier Prochaine seance : vendredi 19 decembre 2014, 14h-17h Theme de la seance : « Typologie des langues » Kees Hengeveld (Universite d'Amsterdam, Center for Language and Communication), « Typology in Functional Discourse Grammar » abstract Simeon Floyd (Institut Max Planck, Nimegue) (in collaboration with Elisabeth Norcliffe & Lila San Roque), « Egophoricity: typological explorations of a lesser-known cross-linguistic phenomenon » abstract Universite Lille 3, Bât. B, sa...


A simple perturbed hard-sphere model has been developed to correlate the activity coefficients of amino acids and peptides in aqueous solutions. The perturbation terms are those due to dispersion forces and dipole−dipole interactions. These interactions are represented by a Lennard-Jones (6−12) and a Keesom expression, respectively. Dipole moments of amino acids and peptides, calculated by a quantum mechanical approach using the Hyperchem molecular modeling software, are reported. The model can accurately correlate the activity coefficients of amino acids and peptides in aqueous solutions. The model was used to correlate and predict the solubilities of amino acids in aqueous solutions at different temperatures. New values of Δg and Δh of solution of amino acids are reported.


Pediatric Graves Disease (GD) is a rare disease and there is currently no evidence-based strategy for its management. Therapy choice is determined by individual consideration of the risks and benefits of the three treatment modalities and varies considerably within and between countries, depending on local traditions and resources and on the different clinical conditions of the patients. In 2011, American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) published Guidelines on GD, changing disease`s evaluation. Nevertheless, GD treatment is still a matter of controversy. The main objective was to know the characteristics of the pediatric Portuguese GD population, how the different therapies were used and their results.


Three transitional justice processes, namely the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), the National Genocide Trials (NGTs) and Gacaca courts, have been instituted to deal with the issues of justice and reconciliation in post-genocide Rwanda. All three processes are examples of the liberal-prosecution model, i.e. they seek to punish the perpetrators of the genocide. In their operation, the three processes have exhibited due process deficiencies which have impacted on the perception of "justice." As a result, both the perpetrators and victim-survivors of the genocide feel that they are victims and not recipients of justice. This paper argues that the resulting deficiencies are due to the three processes being rooted in different prosecutorial traditions and philosophies. Whereas the ICTR is rooted in adversarial tradition, the National Genocide Trials are rooted in the inquisitorial tradition, and the Gacaca process is an example of popular justice. In view of the procedural deficiencies in the three processes therefore, the paper advocates for a restorative type of justice in post-genocide Rwanda.


This paper describes an experiential learning project used as part of a second course in operations management. Two student teams conducted a service quality analysis of local service businesses. The project was incorporated into the course to provoke the students to consider how the five dimensions of service quality proposed by Parasuraman et al. (1988) could be evaluated in service businesses. The other objectives of the project were for students to learn how to solicit customer evaluations of service quality, integrate statistical skills, develop professional interaction skills and improve presentation skills. Smaller student groups were formed within each team to complete five major activities required as part of the project. Both clients were pleased with the student's findings, and the students advocated the continued use of this type of project in this course. Suggestions from both the students and instructor for improving the project are also included.


Wood is the preferred fuel for any fixed bed co-current flow biomass gasifier. It is due to its advantages like easy handling, low moisture content, less ash content, etc. The increased demand and the limited supply have resulted in spiralling cost of fire wood. Owing to its high cost, wood may be substituted or supplemented with non-woody bioresidues like GroundNut Shells (GNS), rice husk, coir pith, jute sticks, etc. As described in Chapter 4, GNS resulted in lowest pressure drop and gasifier inlet air pressure, out of certain non-woody loose bioresidues which were tested during air flow experiments. Moreover, it is easily available in Tamil Nadu. Hence, wood pieces and GNS were taken up for the comparative study.


Goppa and Srivastava codes over arbitrary local finite commutative rings with identity are constructed in terms of parity-cleck matrices. An efficient decoding procedure, based on the modified Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, is proposed for Goppa codes.


Quick Response Code Abstract: Tightness of hamstring muscle is closely linked with movement dysfunction at the lumbar spine, pelvis and lower limbs coupled with low back pain. In the present study, purposively selected 50 collegiate students having asymptomatic hamstring tightness aged 18-26 years from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, participated in two intervention groups, i.e. Mulligans bent leg raise (BLR) and muscle energy technique (MET). To evaluate the hamstring flexibility, active knee extension test, finger to floor test and sit and reach test of both right and left legs of all the subjects were measured at baseline and after 4 week of intervention. The results indicated significant improvement (p<0.001) in hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic students after the intervention using both Mulligans BLR and MET. After the 4 week intervention, when comparisons were made between these two groups, significant difference (p˂0.05) was found only in active knee extension test of right leg. It could be concluded that both Mulligans BLR and MET were effective in improving the hamstring muscle flexibility in individuals with asymptomatic hamstring muscle tightness. However, MET showed significantly more improvement after 4 weeks of intervention on hamstring flexibility in terms of active knee extension test of right leg as compared to Mulligans BLR technique.


In this paper, a class of nonlinear predator-prey models with three discrete delays is considered.
By linearizing the system at the positive equilibrium point and analyzing the instability of the linearized system,
two sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of positive periodic solutions of the system are obtained.
It is found that under suitable conditions on the parameters, time delay affects the stability of the system.
The present method does not need to consider a bifurcating equation which is very complex for such a predator-prey model with three discrete delays.
Some numerical simulations are provided to illustrate our theoretical prediction.


This paper focuses on a dynamic equilibrium considering the flexible ramp market and demand response resources. With ever-swelling installation of variable renewable energies, demand response programs can play an important role in mitigating the system ramping deficiency. Hence in this paper, the ramping capability of demand response resources in procuring system ramp requirement is considered. The strategic behavior of different players is modeled through a multi-leader-common-follower game, in which suppliers and demand response aggregators are laid as the leaders and market operator is considered as the single follower of the game. In addition, a dynamic forward rolling process to find equilibria at the real-time market is proposed. The effect of considering demand response resources and flexible ramp penalty price on the strategic behavior of players in equilibrium is evaluated. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified on a three-firm system. While revealing demand response resources roles in mitigating ramping deficiency, the results show that how penalty price on flexible ramp violation can lead uplift payments to be formed.


Subject. The use of museum services as a component of image and investment attractiveness of the territory. Purpose. The research aims at analyzing museum services as both tangibles and intangibles, the use of which increases the competitiveness of the territory. Methods. The research is based on studying, analyzing and systematization of information from theoretical sources on the subject of research and presentation of the authors' approaches. Results. This research work considers current approaches to museum services marketing as a part of the territories' image. Main approaches to the essence of museum services are examined. The kinds and objects of museum services are examined, the financing models are considered. The role of marketing and its tools in the activities of a museum are revealed. Scientific novelty. Theoretical foundations of the museum services development through museum marketing are elaborated.


i) capable of emitting LED light of a first wavelength, and ii) a light-emitting surface, or a second potential well not located within a pn junction, or the first potential well and pn is located within a pn junction re-emitting semiconductor construction having a second potential well not located within a junction alternately and further comprising a focusing optical element, a light source comprising an LED component having a light emitting surface is provided.


The purpose of the prepared material is to demonstrate the selected aspects of logistic terrain assessment in the context of the provision of logistic support for troops during tactical operations. The development of the article was preceded by a series of multifaceted analyses of professional literature and periodicals devoted to the military terrain analysis and specific combat environments, as well as determinants of logistical support, which consequently enabled the synthesis and formulation of conclusions.


Intracellular glucosyltransferase(GTF) from pullulan high-yielding strain Y68 was isolated and purified by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography,the protein was qualified,compared and characterized to study its enzymological features by SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE.The results showed that GTF from Aureobasidium pullulans was isolated and purified and its molecular mass 350 ku with single band on the Native-PAGE gel,but 50.8 ku with single band on the SDS-PAGE gel which indicated the enzyme was composed of several subunits.The most suitable reaction pH and temperature of purified GTF was 6.0 and 40 ℃ respectively,and the enzyme was very sensitive to temperature and had poor stability.GTF was an metallic enzyme,Na+ and K+ could activate it.However,Ca2+,Mn2+,Mg2+,Ba2+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Hg2+,and Co2+ inhibited its activity.The inhibition of Hg2+ against it indicated that the activity core of the enzyme contained bi-sulphonium bond.EDTA,PMSF,SDS,and iodo-acetidin greatly inhibited GTF's activity;but dithiothreitol(DTT) had protective role of its activity.


Taphrina betulina is the ascomycete yeast that causes the formation of witches' brooms in birch trees. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of T. betulina, from strain UCD315, isolated from soil in Ireland. The genome is haploid and 12.5 Mb long. ABSTRACT Taphrina betulina is the ascomycete yeast that causes the formation of witches' brooms in birch trees. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of T. betulina, from strain UCD315, isolated from soil in Ireland. The genome is haploid and 12.5 Mb long.


The target type fusion method based on multistage neural network is studied.This kind of multistage neural network is composed of sensor subnet and fusion subnet.The sensor subnet is a neural network based on expert rules,which construct its structure according to the expert rules.This neural network overcomes the drawbacks of the common neural network which has difficulty in ascertaining the number of net layers and hidden layer nodes.The sensor subnet which has been trained could obtain the likelihood of the type of every target and then the output of the sensor subnet could be fused by fusion subnet.The confidences of sensors are considered in fusion subnet and make the results of fusion more credible.Simulation results show that the method is effective.


Micropropagation of Centaurea macrocephala Pushk. ex Willd. was achieved by subculturing of vertically split shoots and division of axillary buds on MS-based medium with 0.44 μM BA. A proliferation rate of 2.0 per 16-day culture period was obtained. Seventy percent of microcuttings obtained through in vitro culture could be rooted on a modified Hyponex medium with 25 μM IBA. All plantlets were readily acclimatized and grown in a greenhouse. Chemical names used: benzylaminopurine (BA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).


The QDB-5 sulfur tolerant CO shift catalyst, with anti-methanation property by supported compositing alkali promoters, has been proved to effectively reduce the outlet methane content in the condition of a low water gas ratio. Thus, a new technology based on a lower water/gas ratio than before has been developed with the new catalyst. The CO conversion at lower temperatures and catalyst stability were confirmed by long term industrial application. The high temperature catalyst performance also showed a better result than the conventional commercial catalyst, with higher CO conversion and well controlled methane outlet. Our research and the industrial application of catalyst have shown the importance of alkali metals as core promoters for such kind of catalysts.


Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of extensive portal venous system thrombosis.Methods The clinical data of 10 cases of extensive portal venous system thrombosis were analyzed retrospectively.Results Two cases were misdiagnosed and underwent exploratory laparotomy.The diagnosis was established in 8 patients by imaging angiography and selective superior mesenteric arteriography.Four patients were treated with emergency operation and five patients underwent thrombolytic therapy (two cases of thses were converted to open intestinal resection because of intestinal necrosis);1 patient received thrombolytic therapy through peripheral vein.Six patients survived and 4 died.Six survivors were treated with long-term warfarin therapy.In 0.5-6 y follow-up for the six survivors,one developed short bowel syndrome,one had recurrence and another deveolped adhesive intestinal obstruction.Conclusions Extensive portal venous system thrombosis is very easy to be misdiagnosed.Imaging examination and selective angiography are of great importance for early diagnosis.Early treatment is pivotal to its prognosis.


FDA is warning the public that azithromycin (Zithromax or Zmax; Pfizer) can cause abnormal changes in the electrical activity of the heart that may lead to potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias.


A trailblazing partnership between Sandwell Council and businesses to provide guaranteed jobs for up to 4,000 young people was launched at the HQ of a leading UK food supplier.


In his introduction to IJA Volume 32, Issue 1, Charles R. Taylor summarises the eight topics that are currently considered 'hot' in advertising research. These include how to get people to be attentive to digital ads, enhancing attentiveness to television commercials in the digital video recorder era, new approaches in social media and the interaction of advertising and promotion with nutrition and obesity.


This study explores the scope of social entrepreneurship and examines how social entrepreneurship contributes to sustainable development. Using analysis and relevant comparisons, it identifies main actors in the socialenterprise ecosystem, as well as how the entrepreneurial ecosystem adapts to social enterprises. Additionally, this study reveals how social enterprise applies in the renewable energy domain and identifies its main advantages, as well as major barriers and how to overcome those barriers. Fundamentally, this study's findings have significant implications, for academics and practitioners in the social field. It highlights the role of social entrepreneurship as a balanced approach for long-run increases in quality of life, and it follows innovative techniques and methods to meet social needs, inherently motivated by ethical factors in equality and social fairness. On the other hand, main challenges that could confront social entrepreneurship include government regulations, problems adopting advanced technology and infrastructure, external competitive threats, limited access to public funds or loans, lack of awareness and acquisition of skills and knowledge, and inadequate knowledge about social impact measurement techniques. This research also illustrates how to adapt Isenberg's model for the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the social enterprises, which shows that the evolution of social enterprises does not occur in a vacuum; rather, the growth of social enterprise ecosystems occurs through interactions and networks with various actors in different fields such as financial politics, law, and academia. Finally, we review the practical applications of social enterprises by highlighting the main benefits of RE social enterprises: energy savings, community awareness, and the creation of favorable social externalities in rural and developing areas.


For a bubble suspended in an incompressible and infinite liquid, the dynamics of a clean gas bubble can be described by the Rayleigh–Plesset (RP) equation. The RP equation has been applied to approximately simulate the behavior of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in blood, and extended RP equations have been proposed to account for the effects of the UCA shell and surrounding soft tissue. These models produce consistent results with experimental measurements for low acoustic pressure scenarios. For applications of UCAs in therapeutic medicine, the transmitted acoustic pulse can have a peak negative pressure up to a few megapascals, resulting in violent oscillations of UCAs and discrepancies between measurements and predictions using these extended RP equations. Based on the Keller equation, we developed a new model to describe the dynamics of UCAs in the body while taking account of liquid compressibility and shell and soft tissue effects. Liquid compressibility is approximated to the first order, and th...


Aiming to the increasingly serious electric larceny,this paper introduces the structure,characteristics and application of a new intelligent open-box monitor to prevent electric larceny.Practice proves that the monitor responds well and reliably in anti-electric larceny and provides compelling evidence for investigating and punishing electric larceny.


Eighteen patients were catheterized before and nine months (average) after mitral and/or tricuspid valve replacement with the Kay-Shiley prosthesis. In 14 patients with Kay-Shiley mitral prostheses, average cardiac index rose from 2.2 L/min/M 2 preoperatively to 2.8 postoperation, average left atrial mean pressure fell from 26 to 18 mm Hg, and the average left atrioventricular mean diastolic gradient decreased from 15 to 8 mm Hg. In eight patients with Kay-Shiley tricuspid prostheses, average cardiac index rose from 1.74 to 2.54 L/min/M 2 , average right atrial mean pressure fell from 13 to 10 mmHg, and the average mean diastolic gradient across the tricuspid prostheses was 4 mmHg. The in vivo effective orifice areas of the Kay-Shiley mitral and tricuspid prostheses averaged 75 percent of the in vitro orifice areas. Kay-Shiley mitral prostheses were used only when the left ventricle was too small to accommodate a Starr-Edwards prosthesis; consequently, the Kay-Shiley protheses employed were small, accounting in part for significant prosthetic stenosis observed in some patients.


National Reports — A new Ohio mandate standardizes the credentialing process and promotes more contracting transparency and fairness in the managed care process.


Four newly diagnosed patients of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were treated with 45 mg/m2 all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) daily. Two patients achieved complete remission (CR) after 32 a


This paper applies theories about the Human Visual System to make Adversarial AI more effective. To date, Adversarial AI has modeled perceptual distances between clean and adversarial examples of images using Lp norms. These norms have the benefit of simple mathematical description and reasonable effectiveness in approximating perceptual distance. However, in prior decades, other areas of image processing have moved beyond simpler models like Mean Squared Error (MSE) towards more complex models that better approximate the Human Visual System (HVS). We demonstrate a proof of concept of incorporating HVS models into Adversarial AI.


A case of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava is presented. The tumor was incidentally found at ultrasonography of a patient who underwent a follow-up examination after surgery for carcinoma of the colon. The tumor was resected and the patient was alive and well one year postoperatively at which time repeat ultrasonography and inferior vena cavography showed no remaining tumor.


With neither national nor local-level discussions of Senate Bill 1070 adequately addressing bottom line issues such as marginalization, access, and civic engagement, an exploration of marginalized rhetorical acts can provide an informative lens for understanding challenges among marginalized people, their rhetorical tools, and their relations to public spheres. Through an exploration of anti-Senate Bill 1070 graffiti, this article examines how the practice of graffiti points to difference manifesting and playing out in the wider public sphere. It calls for scholars and activists to recognize graffiti as a rhetorical tool worthy of study and cross-cultural discourse.


To the Editor: W e readwith great interest the recent article entitled "Chronotropic incompetence and reduced heart rate recovery in rheumatoid arthritis" by Pecanha et al in your distinguished journal. In their welldesigned article, the authors assess the heart rate response to a maximal graded exercise test in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls frequencymatched by age, body mass index, and moderate to vigorous physical activity. In this study, patients with RA had reduced chronotropic response and lower HR recovery (HRR) at 30 seconds, 60 seconds, 120 seconds, and 180 seconds postmaximal exercise test when compared with control group. Moreover, the prevalence of chronotropic incompetence and abnormal HRR (HRR ≤12 beats per minutes) were higher in RA patients. Authors concluded that patients with RA had reduced chronotropic response to exercise and slower postexercise HRR, which indicate the presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in this population. We have 2 comments and contributions regarding this study. First, patients with RA had additional comorbidities and use of cardiovascular medications, which can alter results of HRR. Prevalence of hypertension is 44% in RA group, and there is no hypertensive subject in control group. Importantly, blood pressure measurements and circadian blood pressure patterns of patients were not reported in current study. It has been known that arterial blood pressure fluctuates with a pattern that follows a circadian rhythm, with a peak in the early morning hours, and a trough during night time. Nocturnal dipping of arterial blood pressure is part of this normal circadian pattern, and its absence, which is called nondipping, is associated with more severe end-organ damage and increased risk of cardiovascular events, especially in hypertensive patients. Blunting of the nocturnal fall in BP was associated with lower HRR indices after gradedmaximal exercise in both normotensive and hypertensive groups, and this relationship was more prominent in the hypertensive group. Based on the information above, hypertension and nondipping might be one of the reasons for impaired HRR in RA group of the study reported by Pecanha et al.


The physical and microbiological properties of a new disposable suction drainage system have been investigated under clinical and laboratory conditions. The system appears to have overcome the disadvantages associated with previous disposable and reusable low pressure suction drainage systems for use after surgical operation in that this system effectively prevents reflux and retrograde contamination.


There is no evidence from comparative trials to suggest a single best treatment method for anogenital molluscum contagiosum. Randomized controlled trials suggest self-administered topical imiquimod or podophyllotoxin cream is effective for resolving lesions.


Due to incessant earthquakes, many historic South Nias traditional timber houses have been damaged while some still stand today. As Nias is part of an extremely active tectonic region and the buildings are getting older by day, it is essential that these unique houses are well maintained and functioning well. A post-earthquake condition assessment was conducted on 2 selected buildings; \'Buildings\'was found out to be poor and the main structural members were not performing as intended. In \'Buildings B\',the columns were not well anchored to the ground, no tie beams to tie the columns together, and eventually, the timber columns moved in various directions during the earthquake. The frequent earthquakes along with deterioration due to lack of proper maintenance program are responsible for the non-survival of the buildings. Thus, a process guideline for managing the maintenance of these buildings was proposed. This is necessary because managing the maintenance works could help to extend the life of the buildings and seek to avoid the need for potentially expensive and disruptive intervention works, which may damage the cultural significance of the buildings.


There are errors in the author affiliations. The affiliations should appear as shown here:

Daihui Peng1,2, Feng Shi2, Gang Li2, Drew Fralick3,4, Ting Shen1, Meihui Qiu1, Jun Liu5, Kaida Jiang6, Dinggang Shen2,7, Yiru Fang1

1 Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2 Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, 3 Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 4 Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, 5 The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 6 Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 7 Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea


This dissertation presents the formulation of depth-integrated wave propagation and runup models from a system of governing equations for two-layer non-hydrostatic flows. The conventional two-layer non-hydrostatic formulation is re-derived from the continuity and Euler equations in non-dimensional form to quantify contributions from nonlinearity and dispersion and transformed into an equivalent integrated system, which separately describes the flux and dispersion-dominated processes. The formulation includes interfacial advection to facilitate mass and momentum exchange over the water column. This equation structure allows direct implementation of a momentum conserving scheme and a moving waterline technique to model wave breaking and runup without interference from the dispersion processes. The non-hydrostatic pressure, however, must be solved at the layer interface and the bottom simultaneously from the pressure Poisson equation, which involves a non-symmetric 9-band sparse matrix for a two-dimensional vertical plane problem. A parameterized non-hydrostatic pressure distribution is introduced to reduce the computational costs and maintain essential dispersion properties for modeling of coastal processes. The non-hydrostatic pressure at mid flow depth is expressed in terms of the bottom pressure with a free parameter, which is optimized to match the exact linear dispersion relation for the water depth parameter up to kd = 3. This reduces the integrated two-layer formulation to a hybrid system with unknown nonhydrostatic pressure at the bottom only and a tridiagonal matrix in the pressure Poisson equation. The hybrid system reduces to a one-layer model for a linear distribution of the non-hydrostatic pressure.


The utility model relates to a sinusoidal permanent magnetic density wave shape permasyn motor which comprises a base, a stator, and a rotor which is composed of a rotating shaft, an iron core, and a permanent magnet, wherein, the stator and the rotor are assembled on the base. The utility model is characterized in that the permanent magnet is inlaid in the rotor iron core, and the circle center of the external circumference of the rotor iron core deviates from the circle center of the internal circumference of rotor iron core. The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacturing technique, obvious vibration noise decrease, high power density, and high torque density. The utility model can obviously decrease the harmonic content in the permanent magnetic density wave shape, and fully exert the functions of high efficiency, and energy saving of a permasyn motor.


The purpose of this report is to formulate the generalized Hamiltonian dynamics [1] of the spatialy homogeneous Bianchi IX cosmological model without matter sources. Cosmological models are, due to the additional rigid spacetime symmetries, incomparably simpler than the underlying theory of gravity. At the same time, they possess the main features of the full theory and can be thus used as a laboratory for testing the viability of new ideas and techniques. The traditional method in Hamiltonian analysis of cosmological models has been extensively used in the Arnowitt-DeserMisner (ADM) formulation [2]. The ADM method is based on fixing a certain coordinate condition (gauge) and solving the constraints. A crucial unsolved problem in this approach is a proof of the independence of observable quantities of any possible choice of the gauge condition. To clarify the problem we shall study the Bianchi cosmological models using an alternative method [3], [4] to construct the observables in the constrained system without supposing any gauge condition. The first step in the application of this gauge-free approach is abelianization of constraints, i.e., conversion of the initial non-Abelian constraints to an equivalent set of Abelian ones. Below, we construct a matrix transforming the constraints to an


IN A PREVIOUS report the activity of certain members of a new series of synthetic chemical compounds exhibiting estrogenic activity was reported (Blanchard, Stuart, and Tallman, 1943). One of these, designated as Res. Labs. #118B, was sufficiently active to warrant further intensive study, since its potency was such as to make its clinical use feasible. We wish to report here the results of a series of studies undertaken to determine the effects of varying amounts of this compound, given by several routes of administration, upon the essential organs and systems in the rat. Preliminary reports of this work have been presented (Blanchard, 1942; Stebbins and Blanchard, 1942). The results of the study of the effect of the estrogen upon the hematopoietic system are being reported separately. Many similar studies have been made upon the action of diethylstilbestrol, as have been summarized by Morrell (1941), and by the Council of Pharmacy and Chemistry (1942).


Reefers are refrigerated containers commonly used for transporting perishable goods such as meat, fish, vegetables, and fruit. Due to the growth in reefer usage, energy consumption of reefers at container terminals grows significantly to 40% of the total energy consumption at terminals. When reefers are connected to the electricity grid, peaks in energy consumption can lead to high costs. A specific grid capacity is reserved for the container terminal, exceeding the reserved capacity will result in high energy costs. Therefore, reducing peak energy consumptions of reefers at container terminals will reduce energy costs and reduce the carbon footprint of reefer transport. Previous research has taken highly technical views on the problem. Refrigeration and insulation techniques research result in efficient reefers, but innovations in this area seem to reduce. However, Lukasse et al. (2013); Barzin et al. (2015. 2016) have shown that advanced control systems can reduce the energy consumption of individual reefers significantly. More recent and promising studies of van Duin (2016) focus on the broader picture of multiple reefers connected simultaneously at the container terminal. Filina and Filin (2008) have taken a process-based view by investigating factors that lead to power-out moments within the supply chain. Meanwhile, the root-cause of energy consumptions remains un-researched. A sequential multiple regression analysis with backwards feature selection is performed. A model is found in which the number of arriving reefers, dwell time, plug-in temperature, insulation value, and cargo type are found to be significant. The developed model shows that the number of arriving reefers explains 76,6% of the variance, dwell time 4,6%, cargo type 1,1%, thermal insulation 0,3% and the delta plug-in temperature 0,4%. Finally, an improvement for the dwell time is developed as this produces the highest yield. It is suggested that long stay reefers can only be targeted if the revenue of the container terminal does not reduce. Therefore, two Revenue Management schemes are proposed: a complex dynamic pricing scheme and peak pricing. Dynamic pricing requires fixed capacity, perfect knowledge of demand, and price sensitivity. Peak pricing scheme is less fine-tuned and does not require perfect demand knowledge. Additionally, price sensitivity is not a requirement when using peak pricing as the peak price an incentive for fast collection of the reefer. Considering the perfect demand knowledge requirement, it is attempted to predict the energy consumption using only data known to the terminal prior to the ships arrival. Using a neural network, it is attempted to predict the dwell time with the purpose of using this in the energy consumption model. The neural network has shown that the dwell time cannot be predicted with the available data. This reduces the prediction accuracy of the model. Additionally, Dutch importers of perishable goods indicate that demand is not price-sensitive. Therefore, a peak pricing scheme is advised to provide an incentive reduce the dwell time. An effective implementation of peak pricing provides 5,5% to 11,6% reduction in energy consumption. Estimations show that the energy reduction is achieved without decreasing revenue of the terminal.


The aims of this research to know abundace populatian and diversity of endophyte bacteria diazotroph (fixation nitrogen) from shallot plant (Allium ascalonicum L. cv. Bima), which can be producing indole acetic acid (IAA)compounds, and its potential to enhance the growth of shallot. This research is exploratory to detection total endophyte bacteria diazotroph in A. ascalonicum with Most Probable Number (MPN) method, and experimentally to determine the potential production of IAA by endophyte bacteria, and their potential in promoting growth shallot performed with 11 treatments and 6 replications. Observed variables for the characterization of endophyte bacteria diazotrof consist of morphology colony, cells bacteria and physiology. Observed variables to potential assay of IAA is the produced IAA concentration by bacteria at a variety of tryptophan concentration, as well as plant growth variables measured were root length, plant height, fresh weight (root and leaf), biomass (roots and leaves). The data were analyzed as descriptive quantitative and qualitative, and ANOVA with significance 5% and followed by Duncan. This research showed in A. ascalonicum L., contained endophyte bacteria diazotroph wich indicated by pellicle formation turns white on JNFb (James nitrogen free bromthymol blue) semi solid medium. Isolation showed there were 8 species of bacteria have been found that have similarity with A. paspali (97,2%), B. mycoides (1) (92,1%), P. pseudomallei (92,3%), B. mycoides (2) (94,4 %), B. mycoides (3) (93,6 %), P. cepacia (94,2%), Bacillus circulans (93,9%), dan B. Alvei (93,4 %). All species of endophyte bacteria diazotropht have the ability to produce IAA. The maximum concentration of IAA produced by each bacterial species is P. pseudomallei (14 mg/L), A. paspali (11,7 mg/L), B. alvei (9,38 mg/L), P. cepacia (9 mg/L), B. mycoides (3) (6,13), B. circulans (5,75), B. mycoides (2) (5,38 mg/L), and B. mycoides (1) (4,56). All endophyte bacteria diazotroph significantly to enhance the growth of shallot than control negative. A.paspali is bacteria that can increase most of shallot plant growth parameters significantly, as the length of the root is (15,117 ± 4,74 cm), the plant height is 26,22 ± 5,8 cm; fresh weight and root biomass each is 0,819 ± 0,33 dan 0,074 ± 0,02 g; as well as fresh weight and leaf biomass each is 3,815 ± 0,61 dan 0,243 ± 0,08 g.


The absolute and the relative quadrupole shape invariants ${q}_{3}$ and ${K}_{3}$ provide a model independent measure of triaxiality for \ensuremath{\beta}-rigid nuclei. We will show that one can obtain approximate values of ${q}_{3}$ and ${K}_{3}$ by analytical formulas involving only few observables. These formulas allow one to get a---model independent---error for these approximate values. The approximations which are made will be shown to hold within a few percent both in the rigid triaxial rotor model and the interacting boson model. The shape parameter ${K}_{3}$ is given for an exemplary set of nuclei and is translated into effective values of the geometrical deformation parameters \ensuremath{\beta} and \ensuremath{\gamma}.


To research into the essential of Wang Ji's suitability of himself,from the category of suitability,it considered that,the "suiltability" in Wang Ji's poem consists of "affection" and "nature".Wangji's works show his pursuit of the suitability of nature and his indulgency of the suitability of affection.The contradiction is resolved in his old age's works.


The interplay between the pairing and surface vibrations is investigated within the framework of the generator coordinate method which treats both modes of collective motions on the same footing, By extending subspace we esimate the coupling effect on the pairing vibrational state (1,1) in ~(208)Pb arising from its octupde surface vibration.


This communication is devoted to the analysis and potential revision of variations in precipitation characteristics—its quantity, intensity, and the probability of days with precipitation and their extreme regimes—in some regions of northern Eurasia based on daily meteorological observations during the 20th century. The ability of climatic models to simulate these regimes and their variations is demonstrated by way of an assessment of probable changes in Siberian river basins, the Volga River basin, the Caspian Sea region, and the Caucasus in the 21st century.


This illustrated study places ice-houses in an historical context from earliest times until the present day. The text concentrates in particular on British designs, which are compared with similar structures around the world.


It is well known that superior vena cava (SVC) is one of the important non‐pulmonary vein (PV) foci of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, little is known regarding the role of arrhythmogenic SVC in AF.


Although Enactivism and cultural anthropology share many core principles, a satisfactory Enactivist approach to culture has not yet been articulated. While the Enactivist embraces the cultural anthropologist's skepticism with respect to a pregiven world described through objective truths, one of its stumbling blocks has been its difficulty in accounting for the normative background of interpersonal interaction, or what Wolfgang Wagner has referred to as "Social Representations." This article argues that in order for the Enactivist to provide the conceptual tools necessary for this analysis, she must make use of what Varela and others refer to as "third-order unities." The same principles that the Enactivist uses to explain the emergent properties of cells and organisms—autopiesis and identity-production—must be applied at the level of a society in order to understand how cultural meanings emerge and how they influence individual behavior. By applying these concepts at the supra-individual level, we get a more lucid picture of the fundamental features of an Enactivist account of culture, and can better understand the fundamental principles that Enactivism claims underlie all living systems both simple and complex.


In many ways, this Christmas was like any other we had experienced. There was the early morning excitement, the quality time spent with friends and family, and the much-enjoyed consumption of unnecessary amounts of food prepared by Grace, our host mother. Drifting in and out of the conversation, however, was the recent outbreak of violence, news of which hung over proceedings like a cloud of smoke from the fires so common here in the dry season. After all, it had only been ten days since news of the 'coup' first broke, and the conflict's rapid escalation had everyone a little on edge. Worse still was the rumour violence had not only spread to Bor and Malakal, but perhaps even to Eastern Equatoria itself.


The conventional view on global imbalances is based on a few basic propositions: that (i) they are the ultimate cause of the financial crisis, and (ii) mainly the result of overspending in the US and currency manipulation in China; (iii) the overall policy objective should be to rebalance which requires that deficit countries should save more and surplus countries less, and (iv) that exchange rate flexibility should be enhanced. Traditionally, overspending used to be blamed on government budget deficits, so the policy prescription would call for reduced government spending. But since the crisis, regulatory failure appears to have emerged as a new culprit. Financial regulation failed to detect and stop excessive credit growth which in turn made it possible for US households to over-consume. Now that financial reform legislation has supposedly fixed that problem in the US, attention appears to have shifted onto global imbalances and exchange rate flexibility.


With their conceptual description of Parity-Time symmetry in 1998 [1], Bender and Boettcher inaugurated a new field of studies with fascinating implications on topology [2] and exceptional point dynamics [3], to name a few. Typically, PT-symmetric Hamiltonians exhibit real eigenvalues below a certain threshold, whereas above, the PT-symmetry is spontaneously broken as the eigenvalue spectrum becomes complex. Entirely passive configurations based solely on differential losses [7] allow the physics of PT symmetry to be carried over to a quantum-optical context [6] and explored therein [4]. Here we study the ways in which the degree of loss systematically impacts the characteristics of quantum correlations between interfering photons by analyzing the two-photon correlations in PT-symmetric directional couplers.


This study attempts to identify the factors affecting the growth of companies listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM), the London Stock Exchange's market dedicated to young and growing companies. We investigate the post IPO growth of a panel consisting of 665 companies listed on the AIM from 1995 to 2006. Our empirical model is estimated using the GMM - System (GMM - SYS) estimator. Our findings confirm that small companies listed on the AIM grow at a faster rate after the IPO. It seems that both human capital and firm characteristics are important determinants of their fast growth. The results of this study carry some policy implications. Policy makers could take into account the relevance of an efficient financial system. Moreover, it is important to look at the process of transformation in the cultural and behavioural attitudes of many countries towards entrepreneurship.


Exploring a synthetic approach to prepare processable hierarchical porous polymers (PPs) is challenging. In the article, a strategic approach is presented, where polymerization (hyperbranching)-ind...


New York Film Festival 2001 Stark reality mixed with interpretative memory dominated this year's festival. The most striking was Claude Lanzman's exceptional Sobibor October 14, 1943 4 p.m., an outtake of Shoah, his 1979 nine hour Holocaust documentary. Sobibor was a Polish extermination camp where, on October 14, 1943, at exactly 4 o'clock the guards were killed in a planned uprising and the inmates escaped. As in Shoah, Lanzman avoids dramatics, leaving the story to the polemic of memory. The interview, virtually all in close-up, is with Yehuada Lemer who as a teenager axed a Sobibor guard. Lemer is riveting in his directness and almost uncanny ease, though his joie de vivre is offset by a persistent facial tick. But Sobibor s cinematic frame of Lemer's words imparts the film's overall power. The sole interview is one of four sections: first, an opening photograph of Nazis saluting the murdered guards' graves; second, modern Warsaw and the countryside as the film follows the train's course to what is now camp ruins; third, Lemer interviewed in his home; fourth, a final black screen scrolling white letters enumerating Sobibor's death toll-some 250,000 people-and their origin towns-Polish, Soviet and Dutch. Read aloud by Lanzman in heavily French-accented English, he stated that its inclusion underscored the dead's reality. These devices-voice, close-up, landscape-create a human context for Sobiborby mixing these basics into something complex. Through this structural simplicity, Lanzman evokes, as almost no other documentarist has, a flesh and blood feel to what is an unimaginable experience. Because there is nothing else but landscape, voice and close-up, they parallel-metaphorically and literally-the realness of 'experience' as a live earthly thing. Placing Lemer's story within living transience-earth, trees, rocks, sounds, ruins, buildings, home-holds his words about unnatural atrocity within a natural world, humanizing the potentially cold documentary form while retaining its status as 'documentary.' The past's 'storyness' remains 'told' but the film organically presents it as continually real. Eric Rohmer's The Lady And The Duke recounts memoirs of Grace Dalrymple Elliott (expertly played by Lucy Russell), a divorced Scottish aristocrat and of close friend and ex-lover the Due d'Orleans' (Jean-Claude Dreyfus). Remaining in France during the Revolution, she is drawn into its espionage. At the age of 81, Rohmer brings delightful ingenuity to his film by employing digital video to create exteriors from eighteenth century paintings through which his characters walk. The viewer also enters their removed yet accessible space suitable to 'period drama.' The device makes an atmosphere so appropriate to historical distance that it seems without artifice. Equally it highlights 'artifice' as the film's present. On the downside, the characters have a sameness-cartoons of good or bad-that dilutes the film's impact. Martin Scorsese's four hour plus Il Mio Viaggio In ltalia, about Italian Neo-Realism, also a memoir, is rooted in recollections of watching these films on late 1940s television. Beginning with his grandparents' tears over Rossellini's Rome Open City, he takes the viewer from a nascent cinema of supreme silent director Allesandro Blasetti through that of Roberto Rossellini, Luchino Visconti, Federico Fellini, Michelangelo Antonioni and Vittorio de Sica. But his approach-strict recall-considerably weakens the film's potential to entice. Beginning with Scorsese's talking head narration in various New York City locales, gradually Il Mio Viaggio In Italia intercuts longer portions of some twelve films with Scorsese's pointed 'explanations' that display the films' beginning, middle and end. His desire to show Neo-Realism to a new public is deeply felt, as he states, but he does what no teacher should do: reveals everything, leaving nothing to questions or exploration. Tasters of each film with ambiguities posed or their influence on Scorsese as a director would have been more effective. …


Exhaust gas turbocharger parts manufacturing is composed of multiple enterprises. Turbocharger product quality and turbocharger parts manufacturing requirement is the main content of the research. The regional production organization form, which is a kind of production mode, has been developed in recent years. Turbocharger's manufacturing fully describes the geographical concentration of production and it is the product of dimensions and it breeds a basis expansion. Parts of the specialized production enterprises enjoyed the rapid expansion and development. Their producing ability and quality have reached a higher level. The parts and components manufacturing advantages into product advantages of quality. The development trend for product brand manufacturers no longer need to invest a lot of energy to the various parts of the production. As for the product design, the processing and material of the key parts is the main content for this study. Turbocharger product quality requires the precision of the parts and the accuracy of components assembly.


Public transport and private cars, when combined with urban planning, tend to contribute to the development of local sustainability. The objective of the research is to analyze the population perception regarding the use of public transportation and private cars in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, seeking to understand the population's preference for private transportation and public transport. Methodologically, a 90% confidence interval and a 10% sample error were used to select the 68 questionnaires applied, where multiple choice questions were used. The results revealed that 66% of the interviewed people use public transport, but they evaluate it as of poor quality. As a proposal for the improvement of motorized mobility, the Car Sharing system of three organizations: ZipCar, ZasCar and Car2Go was carried out to suggest the implementation of the system in the city. The results of the study demonstrated the feasibility of the Car Sharing System as an alternative for improvements in sustainable urban mobility.


With the advent of advanced 193 nm systems processing 300 mm wafers, the production lithography cell is about to undergo a technology shift. This is because processing 300 mm wafers requires introduction of several new technologies. These include technologies that enable increasing light source power at 193 nm - the NA of the projection lens and the speed of scanner stages. Coupled with the need to maintaining high wafer throughput, the scanners must also deliver very tight CD control to within few nm, (typically less than 3 nm). Cymer, Inc. believes that certain key technologies - traditionally ignored at 248 nm for 200 mm wafers - must be revisited. This paper pertains to one such technology: the mechanism to deliver stable light from the light source to the input of the scanner. We refer to this as the Beam Delivery Unit (BDU). To support these changes, Cymer has developed a BDU that will guarantee a stable beam at the scanner entrance, during exposure. There are three aspects to beam stability: 1. Optical transmission, 2. Beam positioning and, 3. Beam angle. Position stability impacts dose stability (energy per pulse integrated over several pulses) at the wafer and pointing instability adversely affects the illumination uniformity at the reticle. To the lithography process engineers, the effects of beam stability are not new; both result in loss of CD control. At 130 nm node, the loss of CD control due to beam instability was insignificant, therefore ignored. However, below that node, we will show that unless the beam exiting the BDU is stabilized in position and pointing, the loss in CD control is of the order or 1 nm, which is a significant portion of the total CD control budget. For example, for MPU gate node of 65 nm, the ITRS roadmap allocates CD control of 3.7 nm. Thus, the 1 nm loss of CD control due to aforementioned instability alone is considered to be very significant. To address this critical loss in CD control, Cymer has implemented a novel beam stabilization control system in the BDU. Such beam stabilization maintains beam position and pointing during exposure of a die of a wafer, virtually eliminating CD control errors. Cymer has also incorporated reliable BDU materials technology that maintains stable transmission over several years of operation. Cymer's beam stabilization control system is the subject of this paper.


A close reading of unsuccessful breaking attempts of unsolved historical cryptograms (particularly, if they happened to be solved at a later moment) is more useful than it would be obvious at first glance. While the specific offered by code breakers differ from each other, the attempts in the case of the Rohonc Codex, the Voynich manuscript, and other historical ciphers (or codes) exhibit surprising structural similarities. These attempts can be classified into promising and unpromising subcategories on structural grounds even when the final solution is not available. The paper aims at supporting this argument in a case study of the of the Rohonc Codex, which include an old-Hungarian, a proto-Rumanian (11 th Sanskrit script theory. A more convincing thread also emerges, details of which are in the process of being published. This work has been supported by the Swedish Research Council, grant 2018-06074, DECRYPT - Decryption of historical manuscripts.


Cervical myelography using iopamidol, a new nonionic contrast medium, was studied in nine dogs. Postmyelographic seizure activity, motor evoked potentials, and rectal temperatures were monitored, and myelographic quality was subjectively evaluated. The results were compared with data from eight dogs that had metrizamide myelography. The iopamidol group had fewer seizures (p < 0.01) but exhibited no difference in motor evoked potential or rectal temperature recordings. Myelographic quality was similar for iopamidol and metrizamide. The study suggests that iopamidol was less neurotoxic than metrizamide for canine cervical myelography.


According to wide variety of face applications, a fast and reliable face detection approach is one of the most disturbances in the image processing applications. One of the fast and successful approaches in this field was presented by Viola. Low speed, insensitive to faces with partially missing parts and false detection are open problems of this approach. In this paper, skin mask is used to limit the candidate place and scale for detecting face which makes final algorithm runs 4 times faster. Moreover, training this approach to detect eyes and nose makes possible face detecting only with two eyes or one eye and nose, in addition to decrease false detection rate rather than viola approach. Implementing of this approach shows, the presented algorithm could reduce false negative from 10 percent to 2.4 and reduce false positive from 4.4 percent to 2.4.


At a time when sequencing of can cer cell DNA is revealing the tremendous complexity of gene mutations, some researchers are propos ing an underlying theme that may precede and could unite all cancers: loss of imprinting (LOI). Now research from several laboratories is beginning to bear out the hypothesis, indicating that imprinting status may provide a powerful new tool in cancer pre vention and early de tection. Several companies are rush ing to create diagnostic tests for early cancer detection, even as other groups are con centrating on re versing the process to prevent cancer. Parent-of-origin gene imprinting is part


The education of persons planning to enter the professional practice of civil engineering is discussed as a continuation of topics presented at the Conference on Civil Engineering Education, 1974. The need for engineering education to extend longer than 4 yr and to include an orientation toward professional practice is presented. Characteristics of a professional school are given. An effort is made to clarify misunderstandings about professional programs. The concept of professional education is related to registration. It is proposed that the engineering profession urge education beyond the baccalaureate before the award of a designated engineering degree, increased emphasis on design in its broadest sense, and active involvement of the profession in engineering education.


Introduction A growing body of evidence in both chronic and first-episode schizophrenia report increased expression of pro-inflammatory substances in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients. However, there is not much data in the literature on immune alterations in unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) of the patients. Objectives We aimed to evaluate inflammatory aberrancies in patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) and healthy controls. Methods 50 chronic, stable schizophrenia patients, 42 FDRs and 40 healthy subjects with no family history (HCSs) were recruited to the study. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-a and CRP levels were measured. Complete blood counts, fasting glucose and lipid levels were analyzed and neutrofil-lymohocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated. Results There was a significant group difference in all cytokine levels after controlling for age, gender, smoking status, comorbid medical diseases, BMI and blood glucose and tyrigliseride levels (p<.001). FDRs showed significantly higher serum levels of cytokines than HCs, in the same way as the corresponding schizophrenia patients but a lower level. Pairwaise comparisions revealed that the differences were significant between each group after controlling for confounders (p<.001 for all comparisons). However, NLR and CRP levels were not different between groups. Conclusions Our results support the role of inflammatory aberrancies in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The finding of abnormal cytokine levels both in schizophrenic patients and FDRs indicates that such immunological alterations are not exclusive to the patients and can be possible endophenotypes for the disorder. Disclosure No significant relationships.


Several questions encountered in planning design of scenic belt along river are discussed,which includes relationship between scenic belt and urban planning,range of land use,cultural heritage and city culture,landscape arrangement of scenic belt and so on.This paper provides good references for planning design of scenic belt along river.


Ruth Goodenough stresses the role of sterility in adoption in the Truk lagoon, while Marshall reports a higher rate of adoption for Namoluk despite greater fertility and argues that adoption rates are best understood as expressions of behavior fundamental to kinship relations. Ritter finds both sets of factors to be important in adoption on Kosrae in the eastern Carolines. Frequency of adoption on Pingelap atoll shows a clear response to rates of childlessness, and the rate of adoption has declined sharply with removal of demographic pressures. [adoption, demography, kinship, Micronesia]


2 groups of Ss who listened to their own recorded voices experienced an affective disturbance which was apparent from coded interview responses and serial measurements of semantic differential ratings of their own voices. This disturbance involved: (1) awareness of the difference between Ss' expecta


Objectives: to identify the innovative state of SMEs agro-industries of Manizales and their relationship with the organizational performance.
Methodology: taking into account the innovation prevailing within the companies under study, the performance perception and the relationship between the two variables, the methodological design was based on five stages as follows: problem formulation, theoretical and methodological construction of the model; fieldwork and quantitative information analysis. The comparison was conducted in 12 agro-industries by applying two questionnaires: innovative state and performance perception.
Results: the 12 participating agroindustries exhibited an innovation focused on processes, particularly in relation to equipment upgrading or renewing, followed by -product innovation -product Improvements or adjustments. In relation to organizational innovation, they showed significant changes in management. Findings showed a positive relationship between the innovative state and organizational performance.
Conclusions: most companies implement an innovative factor for their growth and market positioning, ensuring innovation in processes for their continuity within the competitive environment.


A new method for determining the standard seismic intensity is described. This method is based on the statistical prediction concerning the time series of the seismic intensity. The value obtained is expressed as a function of the designed life-time of an engineering construction and its coefficient of safety.


Objective:To investigate the changes and their clinical significance of serum extracellular matrix turnover with three etiopathogenesis inducing myocardial fibrosis. Method:Collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ in myocardium specimens of 20 patients with rheumatic heart disease(RHD),7 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM), 10 patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and 5 healthy adults were observed by Sirius Red F3B(SR) staining.The area of myocardial fibrosis was measured by imaging analysis system; The serum content of procollagen Ⅰ(PCⅠ), procollagen Ⅲ(PCⅢ), laminin(LN) were measured by radioimmunoassay with all patients and 20 normal serum samples composing the control groups individually.Result:①The collagen volume fraction (CVF) in RHD( 21.47±6.32), DCM(18.62±2.24) and RHD(12.43±3.16) patient groups were significantly higher than that of normal control group(5.47±1.68)(P0.01). ②The contents of serum ECM(μg/L) in RHD group(PCI:73.24±21.48, PCⅢ: 136.43±36.26, LN:124.67±16.65, DCM group(PCI: 60.86±18.58, PCⅢ: 128.42±40.24, LN:108.66±15.31)and CHD group(PCⅠ: 56.32±13.84, PCⅢ: 98.40±20.44,LN:94.62±15.36)were significantly higher than those in control group(PCⅠ:48.18±14.34,PCⅢ:70.28±14.34,LN:82.54±13.40)respectively (P0.05). Meanwhile, the serum content of ECM were correlated positively with the area of myocardial fibrosis and the NYHA cardiac function class. Conclusion:It is suggested that the level of serum ECM might be used to evaluate the degree and prognosis of cardiac fibrosis in patients with RHD,DCM and RHD.


A new type of drone is being created, with the aim that it will assist in the exploration and protection of our waterways. This AI-powered drone which is selected through a new problem solving technique Design Thinking would be able to navigate and explore the undersea environment without the assistance of a person. The drone will be equipped with cameras and sensors to collect data and information under the water environment. Water is a basic necessity for all living creatures; it is necessary to keep water hygienic and clean. Water becomes polluted for a variety of reasons, including industrial waste, rubbish waste, and so on. Conventional means are used to purify water from lakes and ponds. Drone movement will be controlled by artificial intelligence, and targets will be identified through object detection. It includes a night-vision camera as well as lighting. The drone is attached to a buoy that warns seafarers and is equipped with a solar panel and garbage collector, allowing it to clean contaminated waste that is deep under water.


The problematic issues of creating a high-quality and reliable information base providing analytical support for management decisions can be solved by the creation of a system of internal control of a university activity. In the paper, it is determined that the internal control system should include the indicators to identify risks allowing giving signals to management about the necessity to respond to the problems occurred to the purpose of their further elimination. The author recommended developing the list of risks with a reasonable probability of their occurrence and potential impact, as well as submitted a form for risk identification in accordance with the needs of stakeholders combined into groups according to the process approach. Taking into account the stakeholders' requirements and interests, the universities can achieve their greater commitment, trust, and loyalty. The system of control is placed before the challenge to carry out control procedures to monitor the degree of compliance with the stakeholders' requirements. It is determined, that it is necessary to set control measures for each risk to manage them and guarantee correct and timely implementation of actions. Control measures should include the immediate monitoring of opinions and the stakeholders' changing requirements. It is found, that within each event, the instructions or procedures should be defined. The author defined the role of internal controllers and auditors of the universities that can help in the identification, the assessment of risks and control procedures, and develop the appropriate techniques. Quantitative Risk Assessment can be performed basing on the economic formulas represented in the study and can be used to calculate the degree of risks in the universities' activity. Understanding that the risks are primary and the control measures are the reaction tool, the response to the risk should be the basis of the whole management system.


This volume considers the implications of national and international social, political, and economic realities for health and health care provision to minority ethnic groups. * Addresses continuity and change in debates on ethnicity, health, and health care * Considers the implications of national and international social, political, and economic realities for health and health care provision to minority ethnic groups * Represents the experiences of settled and new minority ethnic groups, refugees, and asylum seekers across the world * Includes international comparisons between Caribbean migrants to the US and UK, the provision of interpreters in general practice and the variations in uptake of disability living allowance across ethnic groups


A new type of conjugated ionic polyacetylene was synthesized by metathesis polymerization of betaine monomers, alkyldipropargyl(4-sulfobutyl)ammonium betaines (ADPSAB). The alkyl groups used are ethyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl, and n-octyl. The polymerization of ADPSAB was carried out with various transition metal catalyst systems such as MoCl5-, WCl6-, and PdCl2-based catalyst systems. The MoCl5 and PdCl2 were found to be particularly effective catalysts for the cyclopolymerization of the betaine monomers. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, and UV−visible spectroscopies showed that poly(ADPSAB) possess polyene structure having cyclic recurring units in the polymer backbone. Unlike polyelectrolyte, the resulting polymers were more soluble and showed higher viscosities in the salt solution than in salt-free solution (antipolyelectrolytes). When doped with an acceptor such as iodine, the polymers exhibited a substantial increase (∼10-3 S/cm) in electrical conductivity compared to the undoped state (∼10-10 S/cm).


When reflux persists despite aggressive medical management, surgery is indicated to repair a sliding hiatal hernia. Reflux may, however, recur postoperatively unless a competent closure mechanism is established at the gastroesophageal junction. The key step in the procedure, which is demonstrated, is to anchor the junction to the median arcuate ligament so that it remains permanently in its subdiaphragmatic position.


Abstract : Heavy metals contamination is an environmental problem at Army installations engaged in firearms training and munitions production. Weathering and corrosion of expended munitions and leaching from wastewater lagoons, landfills and bum pits, has resulted in heavy metals contamination of the soil at these facilities. Transport of metals to the groundwater has been confirmed in some locations, requiring treatment of the groundwater at the site. Certain treatment processes for contaminated soil produce metals laden extracts, which also require treatment before reuse or disposal. Low cost sorbents with a high affinity for metals that can be disposed after use may provide an economic alternative to ion exchange and activated carbon. Metals sorption capacity is reported in the literature for a variety of natural materials and industrial byproducts. This information is useful in identifying potentially useful sorbents, but is limited to the specific conditions studied. Of primary interest are those sorbents with a demonstrated affinity for the metals of interest, that are inexpensive and readily available, and that require no modification prior to use. A field ready sorption technology for treatment of metals-contaminated water and waste streams was the principal objective of this work unit.


Not every paradox is equally paradoxical. There are various reasons why paradoxes in physics are treated as paradoxes: intuitively unacceptable theoretical assumptions or intuitively unacceptable experimental results. It was noted that the authors often used the term paradox in a non-compliant way. This book should help identify different types of paradoxes, which have not been distinguished in physics so far. The first hypothesis is: that classifying a paradox we can determine its structure. Classifications should help physicists to recognize paradoxes more accurately. The second hypothesis is: If in mathematics there is a possibility that there are statements that cannot be proved to be true or false, then in physics, a science that contains parts of mathematics, there is a possibility that paradoxes are indispensable factors of the explanation of physical events.  Not all paradoxes are equally paradoxical.  What people call paradoxes does not have the same structure. ...


Storytelling is the lifeline of the entertainment industry -- movies, TV shows, and stand-up comedies, all need stories. A good and gripping script is the lifeline of storytelling and demands creativity and resource investment. Good scriptwriters are rare to find and often work under severe time pressure. Consequently, entertainment media are actively looking for automation. In this paper, we present an AI-based script-writing workbench called KUROSAWA which addresses the tasks of plot generation and script generation. Plot generation aims to generate a coherent and creative plot (600-800 words) given a prompt (15-40 words). Script generation, on the other hand, generates a scene (200-500 words) in a screenplay format from a brief description (15-40 words). Kurosawa needs data to train. We use a 4-act structure of storytelling to annotate the plot dataset manually. We create a dataset of 1000 manually annotated plots and their corresponding prompts/storylines and a gold-standard dataset of 1000 scenes with four main elements -- scene headings, action lines, dialogues, and character names -- tagged individually. We fine-tune GPT-3 with the above datasets to generate plots and scenes. These plots and scenes are first evaluated and then used by the scriptwriters of a large and famous media platform ErosNow. We release the annotated datasets and the models trained on these datasets as a working benchmark for automatic movie plot and script generation.


Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to predict the generation of internal waves over the ridges in the Luzon Strait and wave propagation across the northern South China Sea. The objective of this study is to provide support for a student to participate in the study of the internal wave/tide propagation from the Luzon Strait to the edge of the continental shelf off China. Three issues are to be studied: 1) the relationship between the internal waves and the barotropic tides in the Luzon Strait, 2) temporal and spatial variations of internal wave properties during propagation across the deep basin of the northern South China Sea, and 3) wave transmission across the continental margin.


Some exact solutions to the equations governing the steady plane motion of incompressible fluid of variable viscosity are determined for three prescribed forms of the vorticity distribution.


This paper explores the use of human physiology in adaptive game mechanics. The study shows evidence that galvanic skin response (GSR) can react to stress changes caused by game difficulties and that GSR positively and significantly correlates with negative game events (frustration events) rather than positive events (success events); moreover, continuous failures during game playing can trigger distress (negative stress), which may be detected by combining GSR and heart rate signals. This exploratory study provides an initial step toward incorporating human physiology into adaptive design mechanics for video games and promotes the measurement of stress in game environments as user cost.


We describe the preparation of cellulose nanofibrous material directly from cellulose solution via electrospinning. The resulting nanofiber is composed of pure cellulose. The spinning procedure can be performed under ambient conditions at room temperature without post-spun treatment. By mixing drugs with the pre-spun cellulose solution, followed by electrospinning, the drug-loaded nanofiber was prepared and the releasing properties were examined with respect to biomedical applications.


The disease tuberculosis has remained difficult to treat to many small molecule treatments. One feature thought to contribute to this is the complex, impermeable cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the causative agent of tuberculosis. A core component of this cell wall is a linear carbohydrate polymer known as the galactan. The galactan, comprised of galactofuranose residues, serves as an essential covalent connector between the waxy mycolic acids bilayer and the peptidoglycan. In M. tb, the elongation of the galactan is mediated by a galactofuranosyl transferase, GlfT2. Using a combination of data derived from in vitro enzymatic assays and in vivo cell wall composition assays, we have arrived at the hypothesis that GlfT2 controls both length and linkage patterns of the galactan chain intrinsically. However, the hypothesis that GlfT2 is the only determining factor in length and linkage distribution has yet to be tested in vivo. The role of GlfT2 in galactan elongation is evolutionarily conserved; however, galactan length and linkage distribution varies across species. By transferring GlfT2 homologues from closely related organisms into Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smeg) and studying the resulting growth patterns and cell walls, we can determine whether GlfT2 alone controls polymer length and linkages. To do this, we have developed and confirmed a GlfT2‐deficient strain of M. smeg using recombineering methods. We have also cloned a small library of GlfT2 homologues to be transformed into this strain. Preliminary results with Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glut) GlfT2 have demonstrated rescued, but slower, growth in the deficient strain. We are particularly interested further assessment toward how changes to the galactan affect mycobacterial physiology.


The deficit irrigation is commonly used in regions of reduced water and energy availability for irrigation with a view to increase water use efficiency. This technology can be a strategy to increase sorghum production under the conditions of limited soil water availability. The objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate the effects of different deficit irrigation management on leaf area index, plant height and grain yield of sorghum, and (ii) identify the critical level of deficit irrigation for optimum irrigated water productivity and economic return. The experiment was conducted in a Rainout Shelter during the 2012/13 cropping season. The deficit irrigation management consisted of water replacement in the crop root zone by: 100, 75, 50 and 25% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). A 25% reduction in the replacement of ETc resulted in about 7% decrease in plant height, 5% in leaf area index and 17% in sorghum grain yield . The highest net revenue of the culture was achieved using ETc replacement of 75%. The water productivity and economic return of water application showed a positive linear response in relation to the reduction in ETc replacement.


In order to find out whether there is any difference in how to look at college English teacher's role in the autonomous learning context between students and teachers,the data from a carefully designed questionnaire which has been answered by some college English teachers and non-English majors of Jiangsu University are analyzed.The result shows that differences still exist in how to look at college English teacher's role between teacher's practice in teaching process and student's expectation.A college English teachers' roles are thought to be a guide,a psychological coordinator,an organizer,an assessor,a class-designer,a facilitator,a counselor,a helper,a resource,and a context-producer.Accordingly,it is suggested that college English teachers actively change their out-of-date roles to adapt to the new autonomous learning context.


This paper presents two open source e-learning tools developed at the University of Zurich: eLML (eLesson Markup Language), an XML framework allowing authors of e-learning lessons to create structured and sustainable content and OLAT (Online Learning And Training), a learning management system (LMS) used by universities to manage e-learning courses, to provide collaborative tools for student groups and to run e-assessments. These tools work hand-in-hand since eLML is used to create and OLAT to present, discuss and assess e-learning content. After an introduction, the author presents both eLML and OLAT, its features but also its limitations. eLML was originally started in 2002 by the Swiss GIS-project "GITTA" and is now used by many universities or universities of applied sciences in Switzerland, Germany or Austria. OLAT was originally started as a student project in 1999 and became the strategic LMS of the University of Zurich in 2003. One year later – after a complete rebuild based on the programming language Java – OLAT was released under the Apache Open Source license and thus made available to a worldwide audience. Today OLAT is used by over 30'000 students at the University of Zurich, OLAT servers are running in over 30 countries and OLAT has been translated to 17 languages. The paper concludes with a discussion about open source software development and a short outlook.


In this paper I present a dynamic structural model of girls' schooling choices and estimate it using the Mexican PROGRESA database. This structural approach allows evaluating the efectiveness of several policies to increase school reentry rates for girls in low-income households. To increase school attendance among poor children in developing countries, policy makers have implemented conditional cash transfers programs. Although transfers have been successful in keeping girls at school, they do not increase school attendance among girls who have dropped out of school. Cash transfer programs may fail because most of these poor girls leave school to stay at home helping in housework, rather than working for a salary. Results suggest that effective policies to increase school reentry rates for poor girls are free access to community nurseries and kindergartens, and increasingg the availability of secondary schools.


A Grapple Hoist Assembly is currently used on the Rotary Mode Core Sampling Trucks (RMCSTs) to actuate the sampler and retrieve the pintle rod during sampling operations. The hoist assembly includes a driven drum approximately two inches wide and six inches in diameter that rotates to pay out or reel in the 5/32-in. cable The current Grapple Hoist Assembly, detailed on drawing H-2-690057, is prone to ''bird nesting'' the cable on the drum. ''Bird nesting'' is a condition in which the cable does not wind onto the drum in a uniformly layered manner, but winds in a random fashion where the cable essentially ''piles up'' inappropriately on the drum and, on some occasions, winds on the drum drive shaft. A system to help control this ''bird nesting'' problem has been designed as an addition to the existing components of the Grapple Hoist Assembly. The new design consists of a mechanism that is timed with, and driven by, the shaft that drives the drum. This mechanism traverses back and forth across the width of the drum to lay the cable on the drum in a uniformly layered manner. This test plan establishes the acceptance criteria, test procedure and test conditions It also describes the test apparatus necessary to verify the adequacy of the level wind system design. The test is defined as qualification testing (LMHC 1999b) and as such will be performed at conditions beyond the parameters that the Grapple Hoist Assembly is allowed to operate by the Safety Equipment List (SEL)(LMHC 1998).


In order to elucidate the intra- and intermolecular interactions, FTIR spectra were measured on dilute solutions of CCl4 (0.01 mol l−1) and bulk states from crystals to isotropic liquids for mesogenic 4-cyano-4′-alkylbiphenyls (nCB), 4-cyano-4′-alkoxybiphenyls (nOCB), 4-cyanophenyl 4-alkoxybenzoates (CPnOB), and 4-alkoxyphenyl 4-cyanobenzoates (nOPCB) series. CN stretching vibration frequencies in dilute solutions are slightly but definitely different—0.5 cm−1 higher for nCB than for nOCB and 0.8 cm−1 higher for nOPCB than for
 CPnOB—giving a direct evidence of the different intramolecular interaction of molecules. The frequency difference in mesophases is larger than that of molecules in solutions, 1.0 and 1.5 cm−1 for cyanobiphenyls and cyanoesters, respectively. The difference is related to the different extents of molecules overlapping, leading to the conclusion that the larger electron densities of CN groups in nOCB and CPnOB led to the larger overlapping of core moieties. A relationship between the wavenumbers and arrangements of CN groups in crystals is pointed out.


The deformation electron density in MgSO3.6H20 has been determined at 120 K from a combination of X-ray and neutron diffraction data. Mr=212.47 , rhombohedral . R3, a=5 .911 (1 ) /~ , a = 9 6 . 2 5 ( 2 ) °, V = 202"6 (1) ~ 3, Z = l , D x = l . 7 4 2 ( 1 ) g c m -3, F(000) = 112, T = 120 K. Neutron diffraction: A = 0.8977 A, (sin 0/A)m~x = 0"945 A -1, /X = 1"590 cm -t , R ( F ) = 0"038 for 2228 reflections. X-ray diffraction: Mo Ka radiation, graphite monochromator, ;t = 0.71069/~,, (sin 0/A)max = 1"15 A -1, /z =4"70 cm -t , R ( F ) = 0.018 for 3222 observed independent reflections. The non-centrosymmetric space group causes an underestimation of the deformation density when using phase angles from a spherical-atom refinement. A doubly phased difference synthesis assigning phase angles from a multipole refinement to Fobs gave a detailed description of the deformation density. The sulfite O atoms carry a negative charge and are considerably expanded compared with free atoms. An * Permanent address: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ankara, Beseyler-Ankara, Turkey. extended lone-pair lobe is observed at the apex of the S pyramid. The net charge on the sulfite group is estimated as 1 0 ( 2 ) e . Dipole moments of the hydrate groups derived from the multipole coefficients are 2.37 (14) and 2.15 (14) D ( 1 D = 3 . 3 x 10 -30 C m). The shape of the hydrate O lone-pair lobes is clearly affected by cation and hydrogen-bond interactions.


We appreciate the interest of Drs. Lu and Zheng (1) in our work showing that adipose tissue overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in transgenic mice protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance (2). We agree that changes in VEGF expression may also play a role in the development of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, or cancer and that the underlying mechanisms are complex, as reflected by recent literature. …


Paradox and dual‐process theories are used by management and organization researchers in studying a variety of phenomena across a wide range of management sub‐fields. Cognition is a focal point of both of these theories. However, despite their growing importance and shared areas of inquiry, these two theories have developed largely in isolation from each other. To address this lack of integration, the authors conducted a review and synthesis of relevant aspects of the paradox and dual‐process literatures. Focusing bidirectionally on how paradox theory informs dual‐process theory and how dual‐process theory informs paradox theory, they highlight the 'nestedness' of intuition and analysis in paradox (a paradox within paradoxical thinking). On the basis of the review and synthesis, they identify four themes (epistemological and ontological assumptions in the relationship between intuition and analysis; psychological and psychometric issues in the relationships between intuition and analysis; managers' experiences of tensions between intuition and analysis; managers' approaches to tensions between intuition and analysis) and introduce an integrative framework that assimilates these two perspectives and sets out an agenda for future research and implications for management.


Improving irrigation management in hillslope catchments to mitigate water and nutrient losses requires a better understanding of soil hydrology. A field trial was set up in a small catchment on a centre-pivot irrigated dairy farm. Runoff was monitored over two irrigation seasons across a hillslope and at the catchment outlet. Seasonal rainfall variability influenced the start, frequency and amount of irrigation applied. Irrigation stared earlier in the second season due to a large soil moisture deficit. Nearly 40% of the runoff events in the second season were directly linked to irrigation.
The APSIM model was used to investigate the effects irrigation management on runoff and pasture production. Simulations suggest that changing irrigation could increase pasture yield by 10%, but lead to potentially greater runoff. Using soil moisture to control irrigation improved performance, although where soil moisture was monitored was important. Using frequent and smaller application depths resulted in yield increase and less runoff. Simulation of variable rate irrigation did not produce further gains. The best approach to reduce overall runoff losses was to maintain a soil moisture deficit after irrigation. The impact of changing irrigation management over the whole farm system and its effect on the environment needs further research.


The current trend in fishmeal plants, is to reduce production costs and environmental emissions, this study seeks this goal through energy savings, based on exergy analysis, where the specific heat is a fundamental variable. Using the theory of pure substance based on specific heat is obtained enthalpy, entropy and exergy of the substances in the process, which allows modeling the energy consumption and energy losses in a plant. To find the specific heat, it has been used operating parameters sampled inquality fish laboratories meal plants and mathematical models of different authors, the results have been compared with values of specific heats of flour samples analyzed in the Faculty of Chemistry of the National University of Engineering laboratories in which theyobtain a difference of 0.042kJI/kg, having values with a to 2.5% compared to values of actual fuel consumption, which represents the 75 % of steam generation costs. The Exergy analysis concludes that a plant can loose up to S/. 2 millionper month. The analysis is performed in a program that calculates the values of specific heat, enthalpy, exergy, energy balance, exergy balance and mass balancewith data of fat composition, moisture, solids, temperature and pressure, parameters that are normally controlled in fish meal plants.
In Peru, the state requires the reduction of gas emissions and effluents by constitutional standards, the General Environmental Law No. 28611, the Supreme Decree and Ministerial Resolution. To comply this law it is been change direct drying technology into indirect drying, ls expected in late 2013, the fishmeal plants of indirect drying (FAQ), will be ceased, the program will help you make decisions during the design and production of fish meal plants.
Keywords: Specific heat, exergy, energy, fish meal, multiphase flows


Extensions and improvements to a deflated preconditioned conjugate gradient technique for the solution of the pressure‐Poisson equation within an incompressible flow solver are described. In particular, the use of the technique for embedded grids, for cases where volume of fluid or level set schemes are required and its implementation on parallel machines are considered. Several examples are included that demonstrate a considerable reduction in the number of iterations and a remarkable insensitivity to the number of groups/ regions chosen and/or to the way the groups are formed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We performed electron microscopy studies of targets subjected to the multipulse laser irradiation in the regime characteristic of reactive pulsed laser deposition from bulk Si in low-pressure ammonia. Experimental evidence is provided concerning the expulsion of liquid droplets from the crater that forms on the target surface. In our opinion, the main mechanisms responsible for droplets spraying directly from the crater are in this case liquid phase expulsion, under the action of the recoil pressure of the ablated substance and hydrodynamic instabilities at the target surface. Cracks of various sizes and orientations have been observed beneath the crater surface. These cracks might cause an increase in the ablation and deposition rates with time. A qualitative theoretical model was developed to account for crack formation based on the peculiar behavior of Si, which has a smaller density in bulk than in liquid phase.


Histoplasmosis is a deep mycosis whose capsulatum variety is recognized as being an AIDS-defining infection. However AIDS associated with Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii is rarely reported. We report a case of cutaneous duboisii histoplasmosis associated with AIDS which has been mistaken for molluscum contagiosum for many months. The diagnosis has been confirmed by means of a biopsy of a nodule followed by an anatomo-pathological examination. The medical treatment was successfully based on combination Triomune (stavudine + lamividine + nevirapine) and itraconazole.


Thermal-mechanical fatigue tests were performed on conventionally-cast and directionally-solidified nickel-base superalloys to identify the key parameters controlling the thermal fatigue properties of gas turbine components. It was found that crack initiation has a strong tendency to occur in the surface coating applied to these alloys for oxidation and hot corrosion (sulfidation) resistance. Crack initiation in the coating is a function of the coating mechanical properties, the thermal strain range (including the thermal expansion mismatch strains generated between the coating and superalloy substrate), and the strain-temperature cycle phase relationship. The rate of crack propagation in the superalloy substrate depends on the strain intensity factor sange, the alloy elastic constants, and the phase relationship between strain and temperature.