INTRODUCTION :
Identification is essential in living persons, recently dead persons, decomposed bodies, mutilated bodies and skeletal remains. The main part of corpus delicti (i.e. the body of the offence; the essence of crime) is the establishment of the identity of the dead body.
The three primary characteristics of identification of a person are Sex, Age and Stature. Visual identification becomes difficult and impossible in cases of explosions, fires, advanced decomposition, mutilation, earthquakes, aircraft accidents, mass disasters and other terrorist activities.
During a person's life, their bones would constantly undergo changes and those changes would follow a chronological pattern. Knowledge on those changes occurring in the bones would help in estimating age from the skeleton. The time of appearance of centers of ossification and the process of union of the epiphysis with the diaphysis have a sequence and time period, which is utilized towards age determination.
However, countable differences may be noticed in the appearance and fusion activities of the ossification centers depending on the sex, race and geological distribution. Ossification process may also be influenced by food, nutritional
status, physical activity, metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Ossification activities occur earlier in Indian population than in Western population
Estimation of age after 25 years becomes more uncertain in living person and the dead6, 23. It is difficult to determine the accuracy of age after the full permanent dentition and fusion of all centres of ossification of long bones. The changes suggestive of advancing age in an individual were as follows: The fusion of the body with the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and the fusion of the manubrium and xiphisternum with the body of the sternum, the lipping of the vertebrae, fusion of exocranial and endocranial sutures of the skull bone, calcification changes of the cricoids and thyroid cartilages and Gastofson's method for estimating age from teeth 24. All those mentioned changes may occur between 40 – 60 years.
The ossification changes resulting in fusion of greater cornu of the hyoid bone with its body occurs in a wide age groups. Trotter M stated that fusion of greater cornu with the body of the hyoid bone occurred in middle age group and the ossification process may obliterate the joint space at later years. Fusion of the body with the greater cornu of the hyoid bone occurred as early as 18 years, and on other end, no fusion was found even in eighth and ninth decades. Indian authors like Parikh1, Vij, Krishnan had reported that 40-60 years was the age group at which greater cornu of the hyoid bone would unite with its body. The studies done

abroad by Parson and Miller showed that greater cornu of the hyoid bone unites with its body at an earlier age group i.e. at 30- 40 years. Shimzu, DiMaoi, Nikolic observed that as age increases the frequency of union of greater horn of the hyoid bone with its body was found to be increased. The age at which hyoid bone ossifies and their fractures were interrelated. Fracture was more frequent in persons over 40 years of age. The reason was that, after 40 years, the joint space between the greater horn of the hyoid bone with its body got ossified and thus the elasticity of the bone was lost making it susceptible to get fractured in case of external compression of the neck. Thus, it was stated that, susceptibility of the hyoid bone to get fractured was directly related to its age. The slope and curvature of the hyoid bone also contribute to its fracture in case of strangulation.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES :
1. To estimate the age of fusion of greater horn of the hyoid bone with its body using radiological and histological examination.
2. To find out the sexual variations in the fusion of greater horn of the hyoid bone with its body.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
The present study "Estimation of age of ossification of hyoid bone by radiological and histopathological examination of autopsy specimen" had been carried out in the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Madras Medical College, Chennai, during the period of 2011 to 2012. Of all the cases brought to the institute for medicolegal autopsy, a sum total of 155 cases were selected randomly for this prospective study. Permission of the ethical committee on the use of human material for research purpose was obtained.
Dissection techniques:
For bloodless dissection of the neck first the brain and the thoraco abdominal contents were removed before proceeding to the neck dissection. A wooden block 12 to 20cm high was placed under the shoulders to allow the head to fall back and thus the neck was extended. A vertical incision was then made from the chin down up to the suprasternal notch. The skin over the region of the neck was held with a toothed forceps and subcutaneous dissection was carried to the lower border of lower jaw, laterally on the sides of neck and clavicle. Deep cervical fascia was reflected from cervical muscles and strap muscles of the neck were exposed, inspected and reflected on each side. Thyroid gland and carotid sheath was freed by blunt dissection.
CONCLUSION :
The incidence of fusion of the body and the greater cornu of the hyoid bone increases with age and maximum number of hyoid bones with bilateral complete fusion are observed in the age group of 51 – 55 years. Both in radiological and histological analysis, increased frequency of complete fusion are observed in the age group of 51 – 55 years. In the present study, the age group of complete fusion is higher than the previous studies, the reason for this difference is that majority of the cases included in this study are aged beyond 40 years. Age estimation from teeth, skull and pelvis has been done conventionally but each method has its own limitations and they are governed by endocrine, racial, dietary and sex factors. These methods can be used to categorize age into broad age groups and estimation of age based on hyoid bone can be used as a supplement to the above mentioned methods.
As both radiological and histological findings coincides with the age of fusion of hyoid bone, estimating the age group based on ossification of the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone can be done alone with radiological study. As histological study of the ossification of the hyoid bone, is more time consuming, it is concluded that radiological assessment of the hyoid bone alone is sufficient in determining the age of an individual. In this study, it is observed that, bilateral non
fusion is present in the samples of age less than 40 years and bilateral completion fusion is present in samples of age above 50 years. No sex difference is observed in the age of bilateral fusion of the hyoid bone. Factors affecting the ossification process should be noted before estimating the age of an individual based on radiological examination of the bone.


Water-pipe (shisha) smoking is increasingly popular among young people in Europe and North America. The proponents claim that smoking water-pipe is much 'cleaner' than cigarettes. Although, a recent analysis of toxicant yields during 1–2 h water-pipe smoking resulted comparable to 100–200 cigarettes. We report a case of a 25-year-old patient with elevated haemoglobin, impaired concentration and reduced physical performance. Molecular investigations for JAK2 mutations and BCR–ABL fusion transcripts were negative and the arterial blood gas analysis revealed an elevated carboxyhaemoglobin of 6.1%. In a follow-up visit, the patient disclosed excessive shisha smoking. Secondary polycythaemia was diagnosed caused by chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. After cessation of shisha smoking all blood values returned to normal ranges within 6 weeks. Owing to the increasing popularity of water-pipe smoking and the anticipated health risks, our report should help to enhance awareness and advocate more information in tobacco prevention programmes on its potential toxicities.


Background/Objectives: This article discusses the problem of refraction of the shock wave with finite amplitude at contact discontinuity between two ideal gases is non-linear, and can be solved numerically for both stationary two-dimensional and transient one-dimensional cases. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Here considered the problem of interaction of one dimensional shock wave (weak and strong) with the contact surface dividing two different gases with different chemical composition and temperature. The interface surface is considered parallel to the shock wave surface. Findings: The sound speed maximal increase in the layer after the contact discontinuity by means of the gas selection with minimal molar mass and its heating seems to be the most satisfying technical solution for the shock wave suppression. Applications/Improvements: This work can be used for both solution of the problem of the intense explosion shock wave attenuation, and the problem of optimal organisation of detonation combustion, where the wave attenuation at the interface should be minimal.


Development and practice of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems becomes frequent during last decade, in favour of surfers and specialists. However, no recognised system have been dedicated to archaeological purposes, where archeologists try to identify mosaic images with similar content, or need to recognize one or more objects in those images. In this contribution, we propose a new CBIR of mosaic images system, using four description methods. To allow partial queries, we added an object-extracting subsystem from images, using a statistical segmentation combined with some morphological operators. These objects constitute a new images' database, and define a new representation space. Retrieval is perform using two similarity metrics induced on the first and the second spaces


Summary: The paper examines the lexicon used by young Catalan speakers by studying a night-time radio program called Prohibit als pares ('Parents Not Allowed'), which the station Ràdio Flaixbac FM aired during the period of Sept. 2003–July 2006. The show targeted mainly young people and dealt with topics such as love, sex, friendship, infidelity or drugs. The published materials manage to convey the no-holds-barred nature of the program, rendering the text very close to the hearts of young people, who identify with what is said. Precisely because of the specific features of the show and the accurate rendition of the actual words used by these speakers (and not, as stated, because of the spelling, morphology or syntax), the corpus allows us to describe the colloquial lexicon of young people today: what type of lexical mechanisms are used (loanwords, derivations?), to what extent these mechanisms pertain to the Catalan language or are otherwise borrowed or new, etc. [Keywords: Catalan, lexicon, teenagers' language, word formation].


This research focuses on the use of Social Network Services among the elderly people in Japan, as a solution that could help to bridge the digital divide in that country. It proposes the creation of a Social Network Service for neighborhoods, in which the relationship among the young and the old is promoted. Existing design and usability guidelines for senior citizens and culture-related issues are highly taken into consideration. User-centered design method is applied to tailor the tool for testing. This paper hopes to bring new insights about how elderly people use Social Network Services in Japan and the usability challenges that they face when trying to use it. Keywords— Social Network Service; Elderly People; Usability; Japan.


It is a common phenomenon to see ethnic and cultural plurality and heterogeneity in the political units of a society in today's world. By living peacefully next to each other, the different ethnic groups and tribes in a society are able to establish major powerful institutions such as the national government and help shape a whole unit called national government or national identity. Given the multi-ethnic nature of the Iranian society and also in light of global changes, ethnography has become increasingly important in today's world. The present study has focused on the theoretical and practical dimensions of ethnography and more specifically on the role of ethnic loyalty and prejudice as a transitional stage to reach democracy in Iran. The study has made use of statistics and data in analyzing three ethnic groups: Fars, Turks, and Kurds. The theoretical section, in addition to presenting a broad view on the issue at hand, uses a specifically practical framework based on theories of ethnic identity and democracy. The research population of the study includes Farsi speakers of Shiraz, Turkish (Azari) speakers of Tabriz, and Kurdish speakers of Sanandaj who have reached the voting age (18 years old). This included 201 Fars, 199 Turks, and 198 Kurds. The sample was chosen by using the clustering method proportionate to the research size. Having collected the needed information and extracted the data the following were used based on the theoretical framework and case studies of the study: Pearson correlation coefficient, F-test of independent groups, ANOVA analysis, and path analysis. The results of the study indicate a difference among the ethnic groups in their positive attitude toward democracy. Moreover, the results show the influence of media on ethnic identity and people's tendency for democracy. Along with these variables, many other factors like social basis and national identity have influenced people's tendency toward democracy – all in all 31% of the changes with regard to attitudes toward democracy is determined by these factors. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n4S1p332


This chapter contains sections titled: 3.1 Introduction, 3.2 The Concept of Modules in Other Biological Disciplines, 3.3 The Concept of Modularity in Systems Biology, 3.4 Definition of Modules for Dynamic Networks, 3.5 Conclusions


It is demonstrated that lasing thresholds in GaInAs/InP MQW lasers under electrical injection are sensitive to the InP barrier thickness and that reducing the barrier width contributes significantly to achieving low-threshold, room temperature operation. In contrast, lasing thresholdsunder optical pumping show a relative insensitivity to the barrier width. We show that this behaviour is consistent with preferential hole capture in the leading wells.


1. Thirty-six 9–11-week-old Large White pigs in nine blocks of four litter-mates were individually fed on diets containing either white fish-meal or various amounts of dried skim-milk as the protein supplement. The pigs were fed according to live weight and a scale up to a maximum of 6½ 1b. of meal/pig/day. 2. There were no significant differences in rate of growth or efficiency of food utilization between pigs given the diets containing as protein supplements either 10% white fish-meal reduced to 7% at 130 1b. live weight, 10% dried skim-milk reduced to 7%, or 15% dried skim-milk reduced to 10½%. There was, however, a trend towards an improvement in both rate of growth and efficiency of food utilization with increasing levels of skim-milk in the ration, and the differences between the high skim-milk diet (20 reduced to 14%) and the low (10 reduced to 7%), and also between the former and the fish-meal diet, reached statistical significance. 3. The difficulties of drawing any definite conclusions from the results about the relative value of the protein in white fish-meal and dried skim-milk were discussed in relation to (a) the probability that the white fish-meal diet used contained over-generous supplies of protein, and (b) the higher energy value of dried skim-milk as compared with white fish-meal. 4. The commercial grading of pigs on all four treatments was very good. The carcass measurement data indicated a tendency for the skim-milk diets, particularly those containing either 10 or 15%, to result in some increase in both back fat and belly thickness. The possibility that this was associated with the higher energy/protein ratios in the skim-milk as compared with the white fish-meal diets was discussed.


We present experimental evidence of electron induced upsets in a reference ESA SEU monitor, the SEU based particle detector, induced by 200 MeV electron beam at the VESPER facility at CERN. Comparison of experimental cross sections and simulated cross sections are shown and the differences are analyzed. Possible secondary contributions to the upset rate by neutrons and cumulative dose effects are discussed, showing that electronuclear reactions are the expected SEU mechanism. Insight is given as to possible overall electron contribution to the upset rates in the Jovian radiation environment inside a typical spacecraft shielding are evaluated.


The article is devoted to the modification of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to conduct a comparative assessment of the innovative sustainability of resource-type regions. The theoretical basis for the study was the results of the analysis of accumulated foreign experience and current Russian practice on the assessment of sustainable innovative development at the federal and regional levels. Based on the approaches studied, taking into account the identified advantages and disadvantages, the authors proposed a modification of the DEA method, which allows to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative development of regions from a position of sustainability, with subsequent interpretation of the assessment results and identification of factors that have a negative impact. The results of the study can be used by regional and federal government bodies to monitor risks and threats in the innovation sphere of the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as to adjust existing regulatory, strategic documents and improve mechanisms to stimulate innovation in resource-type regions.


A method of decomposing systems captured as linear fractional transformations on noncommuting operators into a Kalman type of decomposition is presented. By considering the operators as acting on vector valued discrete time signals, we generalize the standard notions of controllability and observability to the uncertain case. These notions can then be used to establish the minimality of a given representation, and form the basis for tractable algorithms which can be used to construct minimal representations.


The study of skin protein fractions obtained by salt fractionation indicates that collagen is associated to a greater extent with the ribonucleoprotein fraction than with the deoxyribonucleoprotein fraction. The gelatin derived from the ribonucleoprotein fraction following in vitro incubation of foetal lambskin in the presence of glycine-2-14C was appreciably radioactive. Pre-treatment of the skin with crystalline ribonuclease resulted in a marked inhibition of glycine incorporation into total gelatin. whereas crystalline deoxyribonuclease had little effect. It is therefore concluded that ribonucleic acid rather than deoxyribonucleic acid is associated with the biosynthesis of collagen.


Thousand-kernel weight is an important agronomic parameter of rapeseed. In order to quickly realize the grain count, shorten the measurement cycle of the thousand-grain weight, in this paper, we propose a grain counting method based on image detection, by testing 300 rapeseed images, and the results showed that the detection rate reached 89.33%.


Flavor-holding capacities of three surfactants, polyglycerol monolaurate (PGML), sodium dodecyl sulfate, and ovalbumin, were investigated using ethyl acetate, 2-phenylethanol, and geraniol as model flavor compounds. Solid-phase microextraction method was used to determine their concentrations in a gas phase equilibrated with a solution containing the surfactant and flavor compounds. The flavor compounds increasingly dissolved in the solution at the surfactant concentration higher than its critical micelle concentration, except for 2-phenylethanol in an aqueous solution of ovalbumin. Dodecane and glyceryl trioctanoate were added to PGML solutions to understand the contribution of the hydrophobic moiety of the surfactant on the distribution of geraniol in micelles. The addition of dodecane had little effect on the distribution of geraniol. On the other hand, the addition of glyceryl trioctanoate was a little effective. These results suggested that the differences in the flavor holding property of the surfactants are due to the solubilization of these compounds in the amphiphilic region of the surfactant micelles, rather than the hydrophobic region of the surfactants. Solubilization in the ovalbumin solution seemed to be a more complicated phenomenon compared with those in other two surfactants.


Abstract We report two types of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the head and neck, small cell carcinoma of the ethmoid and large cell carcinoma of the larynx, demonstrating a differential response to radiotherapy.


Effective chemotherapy drugs for cancer that would inhibit tumor growth and suppress metastasis are currently lacking. In this study, a series of arene ruthenium complexes, [(η6-arene)Ru(H2iip)Cl]Cl (arene = p-cymene, RAWQ03; CH3C6H5, RAWQ04; and C6H6, RAWQ11), were synthesized and their inhibitory activity against tumor cells were evaluated. The results showed that the complex RAWQ11 inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by inducing S-phase arrest, which is closely related to the inhibition of cell mitosis-mediated cell nucleus damage. Further studies showed that RAWQ11 can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. The morphology of MDA-MB-231 cells changed, the number of focal adhesions decreased, and the stress fibers de-polymerized upon dealing with the complex RAWQ11. The FITC-gelatin assay confirmed that the formation of invadopodia in MDA-MB-231 cells was significantly blocked by RAWQ11. Furthermore, RAWQ11 can block the AKT signal pathway by upregulating the PTEN expression through binding and downregulating miR-21. These results demonstrated that this type of arene ruthenium(ii) complex can block the invadopodia formation by regulating the PTEN/AKT signal pathway mediated by miR-21 to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Therefore, this complex can be used as a potential dual functional agent to inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells.


The results of a high-cycle fatigue testing of our samples were obtained, and a comparative assessment of the properties of the base metal and weld metal of 09G2S-type steel (13Mn6 according to the DIN17145-80 standard) before and after overheating (1200 °C, 3.7 h) was performed. The welded joints between the sheets of 09G2S steel were obtained through automatic argon arc welding. The fatigue tests were carried out under repeated tensile loading. The "maximum cycle stress—number of cycles to failure" fatigue curves of the samples were plotted. The fracture surfaces of the samples were studied, and the fatigue failure mechanisms were analyzed. It was shown that, during testing, all samples demonstrated cyclic hardening behavior. The samples of the base metal as delivered had the highest endurance limit, and the smallest endurance limit was found in the samples of the base metal and weld metal after overheating, the endurance limits of which were similar. The fracture mechanism of all samples was quasi-brittle with the presence of very thin fatigue micro-grooves. The final rupture of all samples had a ductile dimple type.


CRIRES, a first generation VLT instrument, is a cryogenic high-resolution (R~100,000) IR spectrograph operating in the range 1-5 μm. Here we present a model based wavelength calibration for CRIRES. The procedure uses a streamlined model of the CRIRES optical path that enables calculation of the location of the illumination in the detector focal plane at sub-pixel accuracy for a given wavelength and instrumental configuration. The instrumental configuration is described in terms of the tips and tilts of optical surfaces, their optical properties and environmental conditions. These parameters are derived through the application of a minimisation algorithm that is capable of using multiple realisations of the model to find the configuration which results in the optimal match between simulated wavelength data and dedicated calibration exposures. Once the configuration is accurately determined the model can be used to provide the dispersion solution for science exposures or to produce two dimensional simulated data for a given spectral source. In addition we describe comparisons to early laboratory data and the optimisation strategy adopted.


We present a proof of concept demonstration of THz free-space communication employing orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing. Two different OAM modes are multiplexed and de-multiplexed in experiment via 3D printed spiral phase plates.


Introduction: Due to lack of national wide registry of paediatric brain tumor cases in India, it is difficult to estimate the prevalence and its burden for the nation hence, hospital-based cancer registries will provide the information on the prevalence of tumor cases in a given region. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence of various types of infratentorial paediatric tumors who underwent excision of the tumors from January 2008 to January 2018 in the Department of Neurosurgery, ASRAM, a tertiary care hospital located at Eluru, Andhra Pradesh state in India. Results: Infratentorial tumors are more common in the paediatric population below the age of 10 years and medulloblastomas being the commonest tumor among them. There is no much difference in the gender distribution in the incidence of Infratentorial tumors in our study. Conclusion: Our results are similar to other hospital-based data regarding to incidences and histological spectrum of infratentorial tumors. Our study strongly recommends that hospital based registries will provide the magnitude and distribution of cancers in a given region.


A sensitive and reliable method was developed for the quantitative determination of three metabolites of trichloroethylene,e.g.monochloroacetic acid(MCA),dichloroacetic acid(DCA) and trichloroacetic acid(TCA),in urine sample.Three metabolites were derivatized by ethanol esterification in the presence of ferric chloride acted.Effects of esterification temperature,esterification time and amounts of ferric chloride and ethanol were discussed,and the optimization conditions were using 4 mL urine sample mixed with 1.05 mmol ferric chloride and 2.0 mL ethanol to derivatize for 50 min in 90 ℃ water bath.The three ethyl esters in sample were simultaneously determined by derivatization gas chromatography coupled with electron-capture detection after extracted with 2 mL hexane.The method showed good linearities in the ranges of 40-2 400,20-1 000 μg/L and 10-500 μg/L for monochloroacetic acid,dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid,with correlation coefficients of 0.999 8,0.999 3 and 0.999 2,respectively.The average spiked recoveries of three metabolites in urine sample were 104%,109%and 106%,with their detection limits(S/N=3) of 4.67,1.32 and 0.27 μg/L,respectively.With the advantages of simplicity,requirements for relatively moderate reaction condition and non-corrosion reagents,the method was applied in the quantitative analysis of three metabolites in the urine samples from workers exposed to the trichloroethylene contaminant with satisfactory results.


Remarkable increase of agricultural load due to concentrative irrigation arrangement will consume a large amount of energy and impact the operation of power system. Traditional waterwheels require wind and water being together and can only deal with surface water, as will be unpractical in many areas. An irrigation system applying wind power generation is proposed. Wind energy is converted to electric power to drive pumps to bring water to a storage pool at a higher place. The wind turbine may locate at a different place from rivers. The underground water can also be used. The design of water storage system allows a longer time for power generation and water collection than for irrigation, which is helpful to make sufficient use of wind power whenever it is available. Irrigation can still keep on temporarily when there is no wind. The new scheme is helpful for energy saving and carbon emission.


tag=1 data=Greenhouse challenge update. by Senator Robert Hill

tag=2 data=Hill, Robert

tag=3 data=AusIMM Bulletin,

tag=5 data=8

tag=6 data=December 1997

tag=7 data=68-71.

tag=8 data=ENVIRONMENT

tag=9 data=GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

tag=10 data=Members may be aware of the debate regarding greenhouse gas emissions and Australia's stance in the debate. The speech is on the news of the Greenhouse Challenge: the Government's plan to cut emissions.

tag=11 data=1998/4/1

tag=12 data=98/0017

tag=13 data=CAB


The following article analyses the Contryside/Cityside dicotomy in the territorial frame of Argentina and the literary context provided by the work of Macedonio Fernandezs: Museo de la Novela de la Eterna. In the way this writer digs into the territorial references and topics, a new, extremely particular vision on relations between literature and local reality or literature and State can be found.


In recent years there has been a considerable development in the realm of sensing technologies, embedded systems, wireless communication technologies, nanotechnologies, and miniaturization has made ...


The invention relates to a telecommunications system comprising a plurality of remote subnets (306, 307, 308), a sub-network comprising at least one tactical radio node NRT (303, 304, 306) acting as a gateway between said sub network and a backbone network composed of at least one airborne communication node (300). An NRT node (303, 304, 306) communicates with the airborne communications node (300) by converting the waveform signals to be transmitted outside the subnet associated therewith in a waveform used by airborne communications node (300), said airborne communications node transmitting the signal as received without changing the waveform to at least one NRT node belonging to another subnet. The invention also relates to a tactical radio communication node and an airborne communications node.


A metric space structure on the set of finite memory strategy profiles is proposed. The geometric meaning of this metric about the network structure is revealed. Based on this metric, a numerical method called hill climbing method is proposed to find the local "best" strategy profile. Two applications of this technique are introduced. First, we consider a dynamic game. The local Nash/sub-Nash equilibriums are defined, and then the problem of finding Nash/sub-Nash solutions to finite games over the set of μ-memory strategies are investigated. Second, the optimization of mixed-value logical dynamic control systems is studied, where the the strategies with initial conditions are considered. Several examples are included to demonstrate the efficiency of the method.


ABSTRACT As readers' advisors, librarians attempt to match patrons with books they'll enjoy. Typically done with fiction, this service is important for two reasons: First, fiction circulation figures are consistently high in public libraries. Second, patrons often rely on recommendations for fiction reading material since the contents of novels aren't as clear-cut as nonfiction books, which are sorted by subject. To be successful advisors, librarians must know their collections and their patrons' reading preferences, and then bridge the two. Librarians can learn their patrons' reading preferences using specific interview techniques, and they can learn their collections using readers' advisory aids such as the latest web resources.


The importance of spark plugs is appreciated by every operator of a gasoline engine^ whether he happens to he an aviator whose very life depends upon the correct functioning of the ignition system on his engine, the physician who trusts to his automobile to get him in the shortest possible time to the bedside of a sick patient, or the ordinary ormer of a ''flivver' out for a Sunday's pleasure drive.


A new electrical engineering course structure in the University of Melbourne At the University of Melbourne, Australia, a review of the Electrical and Electronic Engineering course structure has just been finalised and a new structure adopted. This paper describes the new course structure, analyses its goals, outlines its likely impact on the Australian industry, and finally discusses its perceived benefit to the community.


The recordings were carefully calibrated. There are three calibration files available.
1. Track 1 - Pure tone 1000 Hz 94 dB mono.wav
2. Track 2 - White Noise 84 dB mono (6. Order Butterwoth Bandpass 800-1250Hz).wav
3. Track 3 - Pink Noise 84 dB mono (6. Order Butterworth Bandpass 20-20000Hz).wav

Any of these reference sounds can be played back and adjusted to their nominal value (94 dB re 20 μPa for the pure tone and 84 dB re 20 μPa for the two noise signals) for correct level calibration of the recorded sound files. The Pink Noise can also be used to equalize the playback chain at the position of the listener (without the listener present) for correct spectral representation of the material.


Reduction of solution search time of automatic design of an RF-DC conversion circuit by Genetic Algorithms (GA) is argued in this paper. Accelerating GA by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is proposed. Already simulated circuits' patterns are learned by CNN and electromagnetic simulation in GA is partially replaced by it. This approach reduces circuit generating time by 90% compared to the general GA design method to generate an RF-DC conversion circuit with the same conversion efficiency.


The intent of this research paper was to describe a "headspace gas chromatography (HGC)" procedure development and its completely validation for the analysis of residuals of methanol (MTL), isopropyl alcohol (IPL), t-butanol (TBL), toluene (TLE) and dimethylformamide (DFL) simultaneously in Etoricoxib (EIB). The experimentations are done on HGC system fitting with flame ionization type detector employing DB-624 silica fused capillary column (stationary phase) and nitrogen gas (mobile phase). The injector port and detector port temperatures were kept at 200 oC and 260 oC, respectively. N-methyl pyrrolidone was diluent. The MTL, IPL, TBL, TLE, and DFL detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) values were much smaller than their ICH specification level concentrations. The linear corelation evaluated through range of LOQ to 150% of ICH specification level concentrations for MTL, IPL, TBL, TLE, and DFL of ICH. The regression coefficients for MTL, IPL, TBL, TLE, and DFL were ≥0.9950, and the diagrams of theoretic residuals concentration versus gotten peak response are linear. The HGC procedure proposed was represented by great accuracy, precision, ruggedness and specificity. For a minimum of 48 hr, the EIB sample with MTL, IPL, TBL, TLE and DFL is stable while managed to keep at ambient temperature. The current developed and completely validated HGC procedure can run effectively for EIB residual solvents (MTL, IPL, TBL, TLE and DFL) assessing in active pharma ingredient production.


A comprehensive evaluation approach of power quality (PQ) based on subordinate degree-BP neural network was proposed in this paper. In case the BP neural network training process is trapped by the local minimum point, genetic algorithm (GA) was introduced to optimize the network's initial weights. A large number of samples based on the random-distribution theory were produced to train the network, and the network output results were analyzed according to the subordinate degree rule. Compared with the BP network neural method, the proposed subordinate degree-BP neural network method can evaluate the PQ level correctly and analyze all kinds of PQ indices exactly. By practically evaluating the 0.38 kV distribution network, the proposed approach is proved correct and feasible.


Residents of nursing homes and long‐term care facilities are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) but may not be able to access monoclonal antibody therapies offered at outpatient infusion centers due to frailty and logistical issues. We describe a mobile monoclonal antibody infusion program for patients with COVID‐19 in skilled nursing facilities and provide descriptive data on its outcomes.


ABSTRACT This conceptual article proposes an approach to ethical consumption which is an alternative to "political consumerism". By illuminating the aspects typically overlooked in political consumerism research, it re-embeds individualized ethical consumption in (1) the broader movement, (2) the communicative process, and (3) the social context. By adopting the notion of "ethical trade" it decenters individualized consumption as the exclusive way of enacting ethics in the marketplace, and by focusing on communication, it turns the spotlight away from individual consumers and onto organizations. Drawing extensively on communication studies, it is proposed that the main function of ethical trade organizations is to mediate between the geographically separated consumers and producers. Furthermore, greater sensitivity to the social context is introduced by distinguishing between two modes of mediation: "mediated familiarity" (the transmission of factual knowledge and the construction of affinity) and "moral education" (the subjectification of consumers who consider their impact on "distant others").


This new edition is updated and expanded to include the latest treatment methods in allergy, immunology and rheumatology, with up-to-date coverage of therapy of common disorders and new therapeutic approaches. New contributors present their expertise on how treatment can be modified at different stages of disease as well as how complications can be anticipated, prevented and treated. Therapeutic approaches to asthma, renal disease, connective tissue disease, heart and lung disease, immunodeficiency, and skin disease are also reviewed. The book features new chapters on AIDS; the treatment of HIV infection, of opportunistic infection and potential therapies for immunologic reconstruction; the treatment of neoplastic complications; cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of asthma and the use of non-sedative antihistamines; immunotherapy of type 1 diabetes; multiple sclerosis therapy; and new vaccines for immunologic diseases.


Understanding how nanoparticles interact with the pulmonary surfactant monolayer (PSM) is of great importance for safe applications in biomedicine and for evaluation of both health and environment impacts. Here, by performing molecular dynamics simulations, we propose a possible origin of the pulmonary nanotoxicity of graphene-based nanoparticles that comes from a rigidifying effect of graphene nanosheets (GNs) on PSM. This, in reality, indicates that once captured by the PSM, inhaled GNs are hard to be removed from the PSM partially because the expiration or PSM compression is locally restrained, possibly leading to GN accumulation on the PSM. The local rigidifying effect, which is enhanced as multiple GNs approach each other, is found to be dependent on the GN hydrophobicity. In the expiration or PSM compression process, the hydrophilic GN keeps adhering to the monolayer–air interface, while the hydrophobic GN tends to be hosted in the hydrophobic interior and internalize into the PSM via self-rotation. Besides the spontaneous internalization via PSM compression, our pulling simulations indicate that both pulmonary internalization and externalization of GNs can be accomplished by direct translocation across the PSM. The effect of GN hydrophobicity on the direct PSM translocation is well supported by the free energy analysis. This work will help our understanding of pulmonary nanotoxicity of GNs and provide useful guidelines for molecular design of GN-based pulmonary drug delivery materials.


Anomalous ion heating is frequently observed to accompany magnetic reconnection, yet there is little consensus on its origin. Instead of the usual velocity-space analysis, we use phase-space analysis to exhaustively explain how ions are nonthermally energized during collisionless, antiparallel magnetic reconnection. There are both ordered and disordered aspects in the process; the former is explained in terms of conservative quantities, and the latter is explained by demonstrating chaos through a direct calculation of Lyapunov exponents. The former induces "multibeam-like heating" in all three directions, whereas the latter induces stochastic bulk heating. Profiles of the ion temperature tensor components during reconnection can be easily understood by the phase-space distributions of ions in different motional stages.


The historiography about Spanish republicanism during the Transition to Democracy has had few contributions, mainly based on the problems of exile after the Spanish Civil War. The aim of this paper is focused on the ideas of "transition" and "reconciliation" developed by the last representatives of 'historical' republicanism, gathered in the institutions of the Government of the Spanish Republic in the Exile and in the political party of Acción Republicana Democrática Española, heir of Manuel Azaña's Izquierda Republicana and the Unión Republicana founded by Diego Martínez Barrio and Félix Gordón Ordás.


Fast disintegrating tablets are becoming popular as one of the user friendly dosage forms. Tablet is the most popular among all dosage forms existing today because of its convenience of self administration, compactness and easy manufa cturing; however hand tremors, dysphasia in case of geriatric patients and the underdeveloped muscular and nervous systems in young individuals and case of uncooperative patients, the problem of swallowing is common phenomenon which leads to poor patient compliance. To overcome these drawbacks, fast disintegrating tablets (FDT) or orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) has emerged as alternative oral dosage forms. These are novel types of tablets that disintegrate/dissolve/ disperse in saliva within few second s and release drug immediately. In this project DSC analysis of drug was carried out for the identification of drug. The DSC thermogram of Roxithromycin was at 121.383°C which was identical with the pure Roxithromycin DSC thermogram. The calibration curve of Roxithromycin was prepared in phosphate buffer pH 6.0 follow the beer lamberts law between the different concentration ranges at λmax 205 nm. formulation parameters like solubility study, melting point determination, water content, drug ex study at different temperature were carried out


Chandra observations of large samples of galaxy clusters detected in X-rays by ROSAT provide a new, robust determination of the cluster mass functions at low and high redshifts. Statistical and systematic errors are now sufficiently small, and the redshift leverage sufficiently large for the mass function evolution to be used as a useful growth of a structure-based dark energy probe. In this paper, we present cosmological parameter constraints obtained from Chandra observations of 37 clusters with 〈z〉 = 0.55 derived from 400 deg2 ROSAT serendipitous survey and 49 brightest z ≈ 0.05 clusters detected in the All-Sky Survey. Evolution of the mass function between these redshifts requires ΩΛ > 0 with a ∼5σ significance, and constrains the dark energy equation-of-state parameter to w0 = −1.14 ± 0.21, assuming a constant w and a flat universe. Cluster information also significantly improves constraints when combined with other methods. Fitting our cluster data jointly with the latest supernovae, Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, and baryonic acoustic oscillation measurements, we obtain w0 = −0.991 ± 0.045 (stat) ±0.039 (sys), a factor of 1.5 reduction in statistical uncertainties, and nearly a factor of 2 improvement in systematics compared with constraints that can be obtained without clusters. The joint analysis of these four data sets puts a conservative upper limit on the masses of light neutrinos ∑mν < 0.33 eV at 95% CL. We also present updated measurements of ΩMh and σ8 from the low-redshift cluster mass function.


This paper discusses the conceptual and vocabulary problems users faced when searching the web and subsequently shows how a well structured thesaurus can be used as knowledge base for an interface that can assist user with search topic clarification. Recent research justified that thesaurus is useful in building ontology to help standardize terminologies and more importantly help to save time in building ontology that fully depend on domain expert. Several initiatives has been undertaken in web'ifying thesaurus with the idea of converting thesaurus or controlled vocabularies to semantic web standards such as Web Ontology (OWL). The aim of this research is to explore how thesaurus can be integrated into ontology development. Our research method emphasizes on semantic web technologies and the development of ontology using thesaurus, domain expert and reference sources such as Index Islamicus, encyclopedia, biographies etc. as the basis for implementing novel mechanism for retrieving Islamic web in 3 different languages simultaneously. As a result, we developed a framework for the development of Islamic ontology that advocates the symbiosis of thesaurus, domain expert and several reference sources in Islam as the basis for the construction of a multilingual ontology for our Islamic portal. In recent years, there were a variety of difficulties that users have to face in searching for information through Internet. Past research had shown that in performing searches, users use query terms that consist of "everyday language, technical terms (with or without knowledge of underlying concepts) and various explanatory model, all influenced by psychosocial and cultural variations." (1).Very often users failed to retrieve relevant information that meet their needs and this could be due to the conceptual and vocabulary problems that users faced when searching the web. The first part of this paper elucidates queries illustrating these problems and how a well structured thesaurus can be used as knowledge base for an interface that can assist user with search topic clarification. We then explain how thesaurus helps users to identify the right appropriate concepts to use when searching for information through Internet. However, if we want to create a knowledge-rich description of, for example an (image of an) art object, medical, business, crime etc. such as required by the "semantic web", thesauri turn out to provide only part of the knowledge needed. The second part of this paper discussed various controlled vocabularies, classification schemes and thesauri that can serve as some building blocks of the semantic web. These vocabularies have been developed over decades and can be used in the development of robust web services and Semantic Web technologies. Thus the third part of this paper, addresses initiatives undertaken to 'web'ifying' thesaurus with the idea of converting thesaurus/controlled vocabularies to semantic web standards. Since the aim of this research is to develop ontology using symbiotic approach involving thesaurus, then fourth and fifth part of this paper discuss the concept of ontology and thesaurus. Part six analysed the


Revisiting the Technology Transfer Block Exemption Regulation : A Study of the Hardcore Restrictions of the Technology Transfer Block Exemption Regulation (EC) No 772/2004 in the Context of Self-Assessment and Legal Certainty


Pak Phan Thailand zones ha stakehold The data individua revealed related in irrigation crops per implemen stakehold farming f was also identifyin


The present invention relates to a method for measuring a location of a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader by using beacons, and an RFID system for measuring a location of a moving RFID reader in an RFID system comprising: a plurality of beacon devices for emitting beacons; an RFID tag for transmitting pre-stored information by using radio frequency identification; and an RFID reader for calculating a current location using a plurality of at least three beacons wherein the RFID reader receives the plurality of beacons from the plurality of beacon devices while moving, and receiving the information from the RFID tag by using the radio frequency identification. According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the location measurement of a moving RFID reader in an RFID system because the location of the RFID reader is measured in consideration of propagation environments.


We have comparatively investigated the electrical characteristics including threshold voltage (Vth) variability and mobility by fabricating n+-polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) gate and physical-vapor-deposited (PVD) titanium nitride (TiN) gate fin-type double-gate metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (FinFETs), and demonstrated 20-nm-thick PVD-TiN gate FinFETs with a symmetrical Vth. It is experimentally found that the gate stack of a 20-nm-thick PVD-TiN layer capped with a 100-nm-thick n+-poly-Si layer is very effective for setting a symmetrical Vth for undoped FinFETs keeping almost the same Vth variability and mobility as those in the case of the n+-poly-Si gate only. On the other hand, mobility degradation was observed in the case of pure 50-nm-thick PVD-TiN gates. These results indicate that mobility degradation probably caused by the thick metal gate induced mechanical stress can be effectively suppressed by reducing the PVD-TiN thickness to 20 nm or less.


The understanding of the past is a very general subject. There is a constant danger in philosophy of being too general too early. In the main, I am going to discuss philosophy's relation to its past; and I want to be rather specific. I want to present in some detail examples of two quite different ways of philosophy's understanding of its past.


In this paper, we explore the use of deep belief network (DBN) posteriorgrams as input to our previously proposed comparison-based system for detecting word-level mispronunciation. The system works by aligning a nonnative utterance with at least one native utterance and extracting features that describe the degree of mis-alignment from the aligned path and the distance matrix. We report system performance under different DBN training scenarios: pre-training and fine-tuning with either native data only or both native and nonnative data. Experimental results have shown that by substituting the system input from MFCC or Gaussian posteriorgrams obtained in a fully unsupervised manner to DBN posteriorgrams, the system performance can be improved by at least 10.4% relatively. Moreover, the system performance remains steady when only 30% of the annotations being used.


This paper mainly introduces the difficulties of installation of roof steel structure in China National Offshore Oil Massion,and the economic was also analyzed.


electronic entity comprising: - a media contact (4; 14); - communication means without contact (6; 16); - a nonvolatile memory rewritable suitable for storing a triggering information; characterized by: - means for making a predetermined value of the activation information upon receipt of the instruction by the media contact; - means (12) for authorizing an exchange of certain data at least through the media without contact only in the presence of the predetermined value of said activation information.


The invention provides a dietary therapy formula aiming at gingivitis, aiming at the problem that the conventional medicine is poor in effect. The dietary therapy formula comprises the following components by mass: 20-40 grams of mung beans and 20-40 grams of honeysuckles. Honeysuckles are put into water for stewing for 1 hour, then filtration is performed to take juice, and the mung beans are put into the juice for continuous cooking. According to the dietary therapy formula, the edible materials are readily available and are easy to combine; the cost is low, and the effect is good.


This paper describes the analysis and robust control of a one-stage refrigeration cycle. Using the compressor speed and the expansion valve opening as control variables, the outlet temperature of evaporator secondary flux and the superheating degree of refrigerant at evaporator outlet are controlled. The main dynamics of the system are identified at various operating points and a controllability analysis is carried out in order to highlight existing constraints in its closed-loop performance. A multivariable robust H∞ controller is designed and applied, using the S/KS/T Mixed Sensitivity Problem approach. Simulation results prove that the robust controller has better performance than a decentralized PID controller, agreeing with the controllability analysis conclusions and the control design specifications.


Contents: Introduction Joachim of Fiore: new editions and studies The double procession of the Holy Spirit in Joachim of Fiore's understanding of history Abbot Joachim of Fiore: the De ultimis tribultationibus Joachim of Fiore: patterns of history in the Apocalypse A new understanding of Joachim: the concords, the exile and the exodus Abbot Joachim of Fiore and the conversion of the Jews Double Antichrists or antichrists: Abbot Joachim of Fiore Heresy and Abbot Joachim of Fiore A re-examination of the origins of Franciscan Joachitism The manuscripts of the Liber de Concordia and early Joachimism Apocalyptic conversion: the Joachite alternative to the crusades Reformist apocalypticism and the Friars Minor Reformers or revolutionaries? Sabatier, Francis and Joachim St Bonaventure's debt to Joachim Symbol or model? St Bonaventure's use of St Francis English Joachimism, 1300a "1500: the Columbinus prophecy (with Kathryn Kerby-Fulton) Henry of Kirkstede's De antichristo et de fine mundi Medieval apocalypticism, millennialism and violence Index.


Vinegar,especially brew vinegar,a commonly used food condiment,is characterized by higher nutritional contents and special pharmacological function.Vinegar has long history in medicinal use.research on vinegar function showed that a has such functions as promoting recovery from fatigue,modulating blood glucose and lipid metabolism,antioxidation.stimulating he appctitc etc.This paper mainly revicwed the use of vinegar in traditional medicine history.summarized relevant study on vinegar funetion in order that we can increase the exploitation and application of vinegar.


PURPOSE: A producing method of fried laver is provided to prevent hardening, rolling, and degradation of the texture of the fried laver by coating the surface of the fried laver with a moisture barrier layer. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of fried laver comprises the following steps: roasting laver(10) at 250-350 deg. C(110); producing a moisture barrier layer(20) on the surface of the roasted laver by coating with an edible oil(130); producing an aged rice paste coating layer(30) on the upper side of the moisture barrier layer by coating with aged rice paste(130); and drying the aged rice paste coating layer at 50-100 deg. C(140). The thickness of the aged rice paste coating layer and the moisture-secluding layer are 0.5-1.5 times thicker than the laver. The aged rice paste is aged for more than 24 hours.


Based on the socio-cultural theory by Vygotsky,this paper discusses the mediation role of the instructors in vocabulary teaching and points out that the roles of the instructors should be that of vocabulary material choosers and explainers,vocabulary tasks organizers,vocabulary autonomous learning instructors and vocabulary assessment designers.Together with such observations,the author also proposes some effective methods in vocabulary teaching.


Using invertible isometries between Hardy and Bergman spaces of the unit disk $\D$ and the corresponding spaces of the upper half plane $\uP$, we determine explicitly the reproducing kernels for the Hardy and Bergman spaces of $\uP$. As a consequence, we obtain the duality relations for the reflexive Hardy and Bergman spaces of the half plane $\uP$.


Hydroxylation of progesterone with Rhizopus nigricans REF 129 at C-l1, C-6, C-17, C-21 as well as formation of 11α-hydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione was investigated when the fermentation medium was modified in a different manner. The various transformation products of progesterone were found to be affected qualitatively and quantitatively by the composition of the medium employed. Mg2+, PO43− proved to be indispensable for the transformation processes. Mn2+ and Fe2+stimulated the reactions. Similarly, acetate, malate and riboflavin enhanced the transformation processes. Formation of the various derivatives of progesterone, except for 11α-hydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 6β, 11α-dihydroxyprogesterone, was also favoured by the addition of adenine, adenosine, uracil and guanine to the fermentation medium.


ABSTRACT Detecting and monitoring of corrosion is one of the major challenges in insulated metallic structures or structures with one or more than one interface. This review paper aims to consolidate scattered literature on laboratory system-based corrosion measurement at the interface region. There are range of sensor-based detection and monitoring methods (active, passive) for corrosion rate analysis, including those which measures a surrogate, i.e. quantifying moisture, temperature, pH and qualify other changes or degradations at the interface. With the emergence of a novel application of advanced sensing methods, this review also presents the possibility of the application of hybrid and multifunctional sensing methods at the interfaces, aimed at advancing corrosion monitoring at the interface region. Key research areas of development relating to the application of combination of other materials (e.g. metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, metal nanowires, piezoelectric) as potential sensors and their impact on existing practices in the field are identified. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


regulation called "K-value regulation", which regu}ated the ground'level concentration from single smoke sources. The K'value regulation for sulfur oxides is the SOx emissien standard based on the Air Pollution Prevention Law. The smaller the K'value, the more strict}y emissiolls are regrdated. To meet this requirement, aesulfurization techne}ogies for fiue gas and heavy oll were developed and progress was made in switching to low'sulfur fuels. Consequently, SOx cencentrations peaked in the second haif of the 1960s and then rapidily declined.


Background: ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is proved to be a simple, reliable, rapid and easy-to-use technique to assess the groundnut seed quality. Groundnut seeds are highly sensitive to deterioration mainly due to their chemical composition and moisture content. The high oil content and fatty acids of groundnut seeds reduces the seed viability well in advance due to lipid peroxidation process, which is the most frequent cause of seed ageing. As a result, not only lipid peroxidation, but also a series of reactions that produce toxic products occur. Methods: Eleven groundnut seed lots were tested for their seed germination potential as well as the oil quality parameters, ATR-FTIR analysis, antioxidant enzyme activities and physiological seed quality parameters. Result: The results indicated that the FTIR spectra of the seed lots having higher germination ( greater than 70%) exhibited deviations at different wave numbers within the range of 4000-400 cm-1 when compared with seed lots having lower germination ( less than 70%). The peak intensity was found to follow an increasing trend to a decrease in germination percentage of the seed lots. The seeds lose its viability, the activity of antioxidant enzyme decreases leading to an alteration in free fatty acid, acid value, saponification value, iodine value and peroxide value. Finally, the study concluded that the changes in seed germination from 92 to 12 per cent and their corresponding enzyme activity are closely correlated with FTIR spectral data. Hence, ATR FTIR may be used as a tool to predict the quality of the groundnut seeds during storage.


Background. Statins are antilipidemic agents that exhibit a variety of cellular effects independent of their lipid-lowering action. A retrospective study was undertaken to establish the impact of statins on graft outcome in the first year posttransplantation. Methods. Data from patients with uniform immunosuppression (cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone) who underwent transplantation at the authors' unit from 1997 to 2002 were reviewed. Patients prescribed statins were compared with those not on a statin. Mean change in creatinine clearance (CrCl) from 3 to12 months posttransplantation was calculated. Histomorphometric analysis was used to quantify fractional interstitial area and collagen III deposition in matched preperfusion and 12-month protocol biopsy specimens. Results. Seventy-seven patients met study criteria: statin, n=44 patients; nonstatin, n=33 patients. Median time to commencing a statin was 5 weeks. At 3 months, CrCl (±SEM) was similar: 51.6±2.9 mL/min (statin) versus 51.3±1 mL/min (nonstatin). At 12 months, the mean change in CrCl was 4.1±1 mL/min (statin) compared with –2.0±1.8 mL/min (nonstatin), resulting in a difference of 6.13 mL/min at 12 months (P<0.005). Mean preperfusion fractional interstitial areas were similar (23.9±1.6%; P=not significant [NS]). On 12-month biopsy specimens, the frac-tional interstitial area had increased to 34±3.2% in the nonstatin group (P<0.005), with no change in the statin group. Interstitial collagen III deposition was similar in preperfusion biopsy specimens (10.4±1%; P=NS), but at 12 months it was significantly greater in the nonstatin group (17.6±1%; P<0.05) Conclusions. Early introduction of statins may be associated with improved 1-year graft outcome.


Large text corpora with news, customer mail and reports, or Web 2.0 contributions offer a great potential for enhancing business-intelligence applications. We propose a framework for performing text analytics on such data in a versatile, efficient, and scalable manner. While much of the prior literature has emphasized mining keywords or tags in blogs or social-tagging communities, we emphasize the analysis of interesting phrases. These include named entities, important quotations, market slogans, and other multi-word phrases that are prominent in a dynamically derived ad-hoc subset of the corpus, e.g., being frequent in the subset but relatively infrequent in the overall corpus. The ad-hoc subset may be derived by means of a keyword query against the corpus, or by focusing on a particular time period. We investigate alternative definitions of phrase interestingness, based on the probability of phrase occurrences. We develop preprocessing and indexing methods for phrases, paired with new search techniques for the top-k most interesting phrases on ad-hoc subsets of the corpus. Our framework is evaluated using a large-scale real-world corpus of New York Times news articles.


This paper presents the phonological layer of a Kwak'wala finite-state morphological transducer, using the phonological hypotheses of Lincoln and Rath (1986) and the lenient composition operation of Karttunen (1998) to mediate the complicated relationship between underlying and surface forms. The resulting system decomposes the wide variety of surface forms in such a way that the morphological layer can be specified using unique and largely concatenative morphemes.


Motivation: Although chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) or tiling array hybridization (ChIP-chip) is increasingly used to map genome-wide–binding sites of transcription factors (TFs), it still remains difficult to generate a quality ChIPx (i.e. ChIP-seq or ChIP-chip) dataset because of the tremendous amount of effort required to develop effective antibodies and efficient protocols. Moreover, most laboratories are unable to easily obtain ChIPx data for one or more TF(s) in more than a handful of biological contexts. Thus, standard ChIPx analyses primarily focus on analyzing data from one experiment, and the discoveries are restricted to a specific biological context. Results: We propose to enrich this existing data analysis paradigm by developing a novel approach, ChIP-PED, which superimposes ChIPx data on large amounts of publicly available human and mouse gene expression data containing a diverse collection of cell types, tissues and disease conditions to discover new biological contexts with potential TF regulatory activities. We demonstrate ChIP-PED using a number of examples, including a novel discovery that MYC, a human TF, plays an important functional role in pediatric Ewing sarcoma cell lines. These examples show that ChIP-PED increases the value of ChIPx data by allowing one to expand the scope of possible discoveries made from a ChIPx experiment. Availability: http://www.biostat.jhsph.edu/∼gewu/ChIPPED/ Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


This paper briefly reviews the DEA method applied in the evaluation of the efficiency of commercial banks and the basic theory of DEA.With the use of DEAP2.1 software to analyse the operational data of sixteen commercial banks in China 2005-2009,we concluded that the technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency have very little room for improvement.Compared with the joint-stock banks,the overall efficiency of state-controlled banks is generally low,but the efficiency of state-controlled commercial banks keeps increasing in the sample period and surpasses the joint-stock commercial banks.


Approximating the roots of a holomorphic function in an input box is a fundamental problem in many domains. Most algorithms in the literature for solving this problem are conditional, i.e., they make some simplifying assumptions, such as, all the roots are simple or there are no roots on the boundary of the input box, or the underlying machine model is Real RAM. Root clustering is a generalization of the root approximation problem that allows for errors in the computation and makes no assumption on the multiplicity of the roots. An unconditional algorithm for computing a root clustering of a holomorphic function was given by Yap, Sagraloff and Sharma in 2013. They proposed a subdivision based algorithm using effective predicates based on Pellet's test while avoiding any comparison with zeros (using soft zero comparisons instead). In this paper, we analyze the running time of their algorithm. We use the continuous amortization framework to derive an upper bound on the size of the subdivision tree. We specialize this bound to the case of polynomials and some simple transcendental functions such as exponential and trigonometric sine. We show that the algorithm takes exponential time even for these simple functions, unlike the case of polynomials. We also derive a bound on the bit-precision used by the algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such result for holomorphic functions. We introduce new geometric parameters, such as the relative growth of the function on the input box, for analyzing the algorithm. Thus, our estimates naturally generalize the known results, i.e., for the case of polynomials.


Ms. Johnson ' s case highlights a number of the ethical challenges that can arise when treating anorexia nervosa, including uncertainty about a patient ' s decisional capacity, the limitations of treating over objection, and the dynamics of emerging adulthood


Background On March 11, 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic. There emerged a need for reliable models to estimate the imminent incidence and overall assessment of the outbreak, in order to develop effective interventions and control strategies. One such vital metrics for monitoring the transmission trends over time is the time-dependent effective reproduction number (Rt). Rt is an estimate of secondary cases caused by an infected individual at a time during the outbreak, given that a certain population proportion is already infected. Misestimated Rt is particularly concerning when probing the association between the changes in transmission rate and the changes in the implemented policies. In this paper, we substantiate the implementation of the instantaneous reproduction number (Rins) method over the conventional method to estimate Rt viz case reproduction number (Rcase), by unmasking the real-time estimation ability of both methodologies using credible datasets. Materials & Methods We employed the daily incidence dataset of COVID-19 for India and high incidence states to estimate Rins and Rcase. We compared the real-time projection obtained through these methods by corroborating those states that are containing a high number of COVID19 cases and are conducting high and efficient COVID-19 testing. The Rins and Rcase were estimated using R0 and EpiEstim packages respectively in R software 4.0.0. Results Although, both the Rins and Rcase for the selected states were higher during the lockdown phases (March 25 - June 1, 2020) and subsequently stabilizes co-equally during the unlock phase (June 1- August 23, 2020), Rins demonstrated variations in accordance with the interventions while Rcase remained generalized and under- & overestimated. A larger difference in Rins and Rcase estimates were also observed for states that are conducting high testing. Conclusion Of the two methods, Rins elucidated a better real-time progression of the COVID-19 outbreak conceptually and empirically, than that of Rcase. However, we also suggest considering the assumptions corroborated in the implementations which may result in misleading conclusions in the real world.


Backgound: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) occurs when the intake and free fatty acid synthesis occurs more frequently than its oxidation and resecretion in the blood. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that can boost the synthesis of endogenous antioxidants in the body, suppress the inflammatory response and inhibit the formation of steatosis. Objective: To analyze the effect of melatonin supplementation in reducing body weight andTNF-α levels in male Wistar rats were fed by waste cooking oil. Methods: True experimental studyusing post-test only control group design. This study was done on 18 male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups : the positive control group (P 0 ) was administrated waste cooking oil, the treated group 1 (P 1 ) was administrated waste cooking oil and 5mg/kgBW melatonin, and the treated group 2 (P 2 ) was administrated waste cooking oil and 10mg/kgBW melatonin for 28 days.Data analysis using One Way ANOVA test and followed by Tukey test to determine the most effective dose of melatonin. Results: There was significant difference in body weightbetween P 2 group and K 0 group (p=0,019) with the mean body weight difference was 19,167g lower than K 0 group. There was no difference in TNF-α levels between the three groups (p=0,155). Conclusion: Melatonin dose of 10mg/kgBWloses body weight male Wistar rats have given by waste cooking oil for 28 days, but does not reduce TNF-α levels.


Experimental research in psychology has found a strong negative association between traffic congestion and stress levels of commuters. Here, we investigate the consequences of morning traffic congestion on stock returns. Using traffic data and stock market returns from New York City and London, we find significant negative market returns associated with high-traffic days with returns on average lower 0.17–0.20% during unexpectedly bad traffic days. These results survive under many robustness tests. We evaluate two trading strategies relying on traffic conditions and find robust returns associated with these strategies. Our paper elicits a previously overlooked effect of traffic congestion on financial markets.


We present a model based on Keynesian aggregate demand and labor productivity growth to study how climate damage affects the long-run evolution of the economy. Climate change induced by greenhouse gas lowers profitability, reducing investment and cutting output in the short and long runs. Short-run employment falls due to deficient demand. In the long run productivity growth is slower, lowering potential income levels. Climate policy can increase incomes and employment in the short and long runs while a continuation of business-as-usual leads to a dystopian income distribution with affluence for few and high levels of unemployment for the rest.


Ojek Online is a motorbike based public transportation application. Gojek and Grab is the top ojek online in Indonesia. There are still many local startups in the ojek online business such as Ladyjek, Blu-jek, and Motorcycle taxi. They are unable to compete because their rates are less competitive. This is because the capital owned is not too big to do the "burning money" like other startups. A model is needed to analyze what factors affect passenger using ojek online services. So, we hope local startups can compete with their innovation based on needs from consumer which will be analyzed in this research. There have been several studies that have examined the behavior of users of public transportation services, both of conventional and online transportation, which is currently booming. However, the author has not found a detailed study observing what factors influence the behavior of ojek online's users. Therefore, the authors develop a model that integrates variables which include overall service indicators not only the application but also overall aspects like the driver and usefulness of the services. In this study a set of questionnaire was distributed and used to measure the model and data taken as many as 200 samples. Partial Least Square is used to analyze the data that has been taken. The measurement results show the model has a predictive power that is good enough to measure customer loyalty from ojek online user and all hypotheses are accepted.


Recently, some metal oxides have been noted as new candidate materials for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. It is known that a perovskite-type oxide, Ba/sub 1-x/Sr/sub x/PbO/sub 3/, changes from a semimetal to a narrow-gap semiconductor with increasing Sr content. In this work, thermoelectric properties of Ba/sub 1-x/Sr/sub x/PbO/sub 3/ (0/spl les/x/spl les/0) were investigated in a temperature range of 320-1073 K. The electrical conductivity (/spl sigma/) decreased with increasing Sr content. The Seebeck coefficient (S) was negative (n-type), and took a minimum value around 650 K. This result suggests that carriers consist of free electrons and thermally activated holes. The thermal conductivity (/spl lambda/) decreased with increasing Sr content. The value of /spl lambda/ increased with increasing temperature for the samples with x/spl les/0.4, whereas it decreased with increasing temperature for the samples with x/spl ges/0.6. The values of /spl sigma/, S, /spl lambda/ of the sample with x=0.6 were 2.8/spl times/10/sup 4/ S/m, -120 /spl mu/V/K and 2.0 W/mK, respectively, at 673 K. The figure of merit was 2.0/spl times/10/sup -4//K. The optimum temperature for a power factor (/spl sigma/S/sup 2/) increased with increasing Sr content. The power factor of the sample with x=1.0 was 4/spl times/10/sup -4/ W/mK/sup 2/ at 1000 K. The figure of merit was estimated to be about 3.0/spl times/10/sup -4//K at 1000 K, using a measured value of /spl lambda/ at 673 K.


Pressure sensors are widely employed in a variety of industries, including the automotive, medical, pneumatic, and military professions. The piezoresistive type of pressure sensor is the most used transduction mechanism since it has simple readout circuitry and is inexpensive to manufacture. A piezoresistive pressure sensor is made up of a sensing device, which is a diaphragm, and appropriate circuitry to translate the diaphragm's deflection into an electrical signal. The design of the diaphragm has a considerable impact on the sensitivity of a sensor. This study undertakes a theoretical analysis of a piezoresistive pressure sensor design with different diaphragm designs as a consequence. A square diaphragm has been shown to be ideal for the creation of very sensitive pressure sensors.


This paper explores the size and value effect in influencing performance of individual companies using backpropagation neural networks. According to existing theory, companies with small market capitalization and high book to market ratios have a tendency to perform better in the future. Data from over 300 Australian Stock Exchange listed companies between 2000-2004 is examined and a neural network is trained to predict company performance based on market capitalization, book to market ratio, beta and standard deviation. Evidence for the value effect was found over longer time periods but there was less for the size effect. Poor company performance was also observed to be correlated with high risk.


Abstract : For the past few years, the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (SPAWAR) has been developing a Naval Architecture Database (NAD) designed to integrate the Navy's C4ISR operational, systems, and technical architectures in order to support users represented by the program managers, systems engineers, and their equivalents at other CINCs/Services/Agencies. Several systems related applications, models, and tools use this architectural information to support C4ISR decision making. Each of these applications addresses a different and specialized aspect of the systems engineering process. Addressed from an architectural level, it appears that most if not all of these applications may be supported by the same set of C4ISR systems related data. Process and business efficiencies can be realized if a centralized information repository is populated in order to distribute accurate and timely information to support all systems engineering applications. Metadata and production datafills could and should be shared. Once the central repository is established, various different systems applications may be added to a modular structure, easing change management. A fully populated central architecture repository could also be used to provide decision support systems with the capability to query across systems application boundaries to provide management with forecasting, trend analysis, and knowledge-based capabilities combining topics such as fleet deployment, systems capabilities, budget modeling, and systems architecture. This paper describes the C4ISR systems engineering requirements that we have gathered and the methodologies that we have applied in building a central architecture repository to provide C4ISR systems interoperability information.


Abstract Hegel famously criticizes Kant's resolution of the antinomies. According to Sedgwick, Hegel primarily chastises Kant's resolution for presupposing that concepts are 'one-sided', rather than identical to their opposites. If Kant had accepted the dialectical nature of concepts, then (according to Sedgwick) Kant would not have needed to resolve the antinomies. However, as Ameriks has noted, any such interpretation faces a serious challenge. Namely, Kant's first antinomy concerns the universe's physical dimensions. Even if we grant that the concept of the finite is necessarily related to that of the infinite, the physical universe cannot both have and lack a temporal beginning. I argue that Hegel neither adopts Sedgwick's view that Kant's antinomies require no resolution nor absurdly accepts that the physical universe both has and lacks a temporal beginning. Instead, Hegel proposes a sophisticated resolution of Kant's first antinomy (including its physical aspect) that depends on Hegel's theory of the Absolute.


Laboratory and field demonstration results obtained as part of the DARPA-sponsored coherent communications, imaging and targeting (CCIT) program are reviewed. The CCIT concept uses a phase conjugation engine based on a quadrature receiver array, a hologram processor and a spatial light modulator (SLM) for high-speed, digital beam control. Progress on the enabling MEMS SLM, being developed by a consortium consisting of LLNL, academic institutions and small businesses, is presented.


Background and Aim: Despite the frequency with which IBS is encountered in clinical practice, it remains an important medical problem for both health care providers and patients. Unfortunately, so far no single treatment option has been effective for managing IBS. Therefore we decided to Comparison of the plant Plantago major and the drug Colofac on clinical symptoms in IBS patients. Method of investigation: This study was done as a double-blinded clinical trial in Aug 2014 until Nov 2014. 51 patients (male and female) were included in the study after considerations of inclusion and exclution criteria. Diagnosis of IBS was based on Rome II Criteria and organic causes were ruled out. Patients were divided randomly into the two groups, A and B. In the first visit, all patients were observed for two weeks without any medication. Patients in group A were given a 4.5 g dose of powdered plantago plant per day in two administrations, (2 hours before eating lunch and dinner) in the form of an oral capsule. Patients in Group B received a Colofac capsule (200 mg) morning and night for 3 months. Patients in both groups were visited for an examination to evaluate their condition in terms of diarrhea, constipation, number of defecations. Visits and examinations were made every week in the first month and every two weeks in the second month plus one at the end of the third month. Data were further analyzed by SPSS-17 software and statistical test of chi-square was done, and a repeated measure. Findings: Evaluations for number of days of diarrheal defecation per day show significant difference at each visit in repeated measurements; however, average of the descending trend for number of days of diarrheal defecation showed no significant difference between the two therapeutic methods. The effectiveness of plantago in reducing numbers of diarrheal defecations in a day was higher than that of Colofac. number of defecations per week showed no significant difference in relation to each of the visits in repeated measures. However, there was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of the mean of descending trend of number of defecations during a week, although the effectiveness of plantago in for reducing the number of defecations per week was greater than that of Colofac. Conclusion: The present study is the clinical trial to Comparison of the plant Plantago major and the drug Colofac on clinical symptoms in IBS patients. Our study demonstrated that two therapeutic methods are effective in the management of IBS symptoms, although the effectiveness of plantago was greater than that of Colofac. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12708


Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is associated with inadequate urinary acidification by the distal nephron. dRTA can present as either an inherited or acquired condition such as autoimmune disorders. The reported prevalence of renal involvement in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) patients varies widely, ranging from 2 to 67 percent. A defect in distal acidification occurs in up to 25 percent of patients with Sjogren's syndrome. We report a 32-year-old woman who presented with progressive flaccid quadriparesis. Laboratory investigations showed severe hypokalemia with renal K + wasting and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. A positive urine anion gap with alkaline urine and hypercalciuria with nephrolithiasis were consistent with the diagnosis of distal RTA. Further investigations revealed Sjogren's syndrome as the underlying cause of distal RTA. (Acta Nephrologica 2011; 25: 201-204)


In this paper, two wideband multi‐layer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power dividers are proposed. Transitions based on microstrip‐slotline‐SIW coupling for TE40 mode SIW cavities are used to realize the out‐of‐phase and in‐phase difference. The equivalent circuits are used to show the basic design guidelines and impedance matching for the two power dividers. To validate the design, two prototypes over 62.5% fractional bandwidth at 8.5 GHz center frequency are designed, good results can be found between the measurement and simulation results.


Summary The use of anterior tibial flap as a distally based island flap for the management of trophic ulcers of heel is being presented. The advantages and vascular bases have been discussed.


János László, social psychologist, a pioneer of narrative psychology, developer of the theory of scientific narrative psychology, founder and head of the Doctoral School in the Institute of Psychology at the University of Pécs, died on 25 January having faced disease with courage and patience. János was born and raised in Budapest. After his graduation, he became a research fellow in the Hungarian Academy of Science and, later on, a deputy director in the Psychology Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Science. From 1989, he was also the head of the Institute of Psychology at the University of Pécs. He played a key role in the recent history of Hungarian psychology as an exceptionally talented scientist and as an excellent science organizer. He had several cutting-edge research projects in various fields of science. Besides his research in social psychology, he also gained international recognition in linguistic and literary science. His recent books on narrative psychology (The Science of Stories: An Introduction to Narrative Psychology, Routledge, London, 2008, and History Tales and National Identity: An Introduction to Narrative Social Psychology, Routledge, London, 2013) drew an ambitious picture of his work on relations between identity and narratives. By combining linguistic analysis and computer technology, he offered an innovative methodology (NarrCat) to uncover the underlying psychological processes in narrative texts. His groundbreaking ideas attracted several national and international students and researchers to join his Narrative research group. It is a pity that he will no longer bear witness to the long-term impact of his fruitful ideas. Empirical Studies of the Arts 2015, Vol. 33(2) 123–124 ! The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0276237415594706 art.sagepub.com


Objective: The purpose of the investigation is to determine if a relationship exists between heart rate and urinary biomarkers of chronic, subacute chlorpyrifos pesticide exposure in youth. Methods: Using 2001-2002 NHANES data, a sample of 1233 children ages 6 - 18 was grouped based on detection status of 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCPy) in urine. Radial pulse and brachial pulse were recorded as measures of heart rate by physicians. T-tests and linear regression analyses were performed to test for associations between TCPy concentrations and heart rate. Results: None of the associations between TCPy levels and heart rate outcomes were found to be significant. Nonsignificant effects in the TCPy-detected groups included a slightly reduced heart rate in girls, as well as a slightly elevated heart rate in boys when compared to the undetected controls. Neither was there any significant observable difference in heart rate due to detection status in the sample overall. Conclusions: At this time, an effect on heart rate attributable to chronic, low-level chlorpyrifos exposure in youth cannot be determined. Children and adolescents detected did not demonstrate a substantial change in pulse measures when compared to controls. It is recommended that subsequent studies examine chlorpyrifos biomarkers as they may relate to other indicators of cardiovascular health.


The reductive cleavage of dithiocarbamic esters are promoted by the SmI2-HMPA -THF-t-BuOH System successfully to give disulfides and thiocarboxamides at room temperature in good yields; The reduction of thiocarbamic esters are also promoted by the same system to give disulfides and carboxamides.


Two groups of ART-naive patients of Sverdlovsk region were compared for determining the therapeutic efficiency and safety of generic drug «Virokomb» (Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd) against the original fixed-combination drug Zidovudine/Lamivudine - Kombivr (GLAXO OPERATIONS UK). The study found no statistically significant differences of therapeutic efficiency both drugs. The only one exception was a large proportion of patients with a marked reduction in the level of blood platelets when applying Virokomb. This is expedient to continue the comparison of the both drugs.


Both sides of the crosstalk use different models, which inevitably leads to different perceptions of what reality 'is'. The only reality we have is the measurement of pressure and flow; all other derived parameters are model-dependent and should be treated cautiously with respect to reality. Both parties accept the existence of forward and backward waves, despite the title of the CrossTalk debate. Also, wave intensity analysis (WIA) (Parker & Jones, 1990) and the impedance analysis (IA) (Westerhof et al. 1972) provide virtually identical pressure and velocity wave separation results (Hughes & Parker, 2010), which exhibit diastolic self-cancelling waves. Westerhof & Westerhof (2013) state that the self-cancelling waves model is correct in the aortic root when diastolic flow is negligible, although it is difficult to imagine a physiological situation where waves have simultaneously exactly the same magnitude in the forward and backward directions. The Windkessel-wave model (Wang et al. 2003) resolves this ambiguity and also separates the pressure due to 'volume' injection into the aorta from that due to the waves. Both traditional WIA and IA do not account for the volume-generated pressure. The Windkessel-wave model has also provided an alternative, more appealing, answer to the decades-long question regarding the shape difference between pressure and flow, that has always been ascribed to wave reflections. Regarding the debated size of reflected waves in the aortic root (Borlotti & Khir, 2011), in the absence of an independent technique, it is not possible to discern which side of the crosstalk is more correct. References


This article explores attempts by labor and community advocates to retain a garment industry base in Manhattan's Chinatown after 9/11. Specifically tying the viability of such proposals to ongoing processes such as gentrification, transnational capital investment, local development, and broader anti-manufacturing urban policy, I argue that strategies for appropriate and sensitive community development that are rooted in sectoral preservation or development need to take into account the specificities of place, class, and ethnicity. In particular, the concept of a valued cultural or home space adds urgency to the advocacy of such proposals beyond the generic economic rationale of manufacturing retention.


The modern "Humanistic Concept" is a concept of giving emphasis to individual dignity,irrational spirit,action and creation and the concept of personal liberty.This idea caused a great influence in the whole western world,making the idea of " man is of most importance" filter into people's minds.It makes " individuals" be highly intensified.However,defects and errors are still very obvious for the reason of its advertising the dominant position and determined influence of irrationality.This is inevitable for people to make for pessimisim,mysticlsm,even obscuriantism,and finally causes destructive affect to the society.


Wulff Dieter Heintz, Professor Emeritus of Astronomy at Swarthmore College, passed away at his home on 10 June 2006, following a two-year battle with lung cancer. He had just turned 76 a week earlier. Wulff was one of the leading authorities on visual double stars, and was also a chess master. A prominent educator, researcher, and scholar, Wulff was noted for being both succinct and meticulous in everything he did. Wulff Heintz was born on 3 June 1930 in Würzburg (Bavaria), Germany. Naturally left-handed, the young Wulff's elementary school teachers forced him to learn to write "correctly" using his right hand, and so he became ambidextrous. During the 1930s, Wulff's family saw the rise of Adolph Hitler and lived under the repressive Nazi regime. Conditions were austere, and it was often difficult to find fuel to keep the house warm. As a teenager during World War II, Wulff listened to his family radio for any news from the outside world. He used to say that he loved the blackouts during the bombing runs because it made it much easier to see the stars. One night, an incendiary bomb landed on the roof of his family home, and Wulff climbed up to the roof and extinguished it. The next morning, he saw that his high school had been completely leveled by Allied bombs. As Germany continued to suffer massive losses on the Russian Front, primarily due to unexpectedly severe winters, teenage boys were inducted into the military and sent off to replenish the troops. To avoid an uncertain fate, Wulff hid out in a farmhouse in the countryside outside Munich. When the Allied troops invaded Germany in 1945, the young Wulff volunteered to translate information from the American and British soldiers to the local villagers. During this time, the soldiers taught Wulff how to smoke cigarettes, a habit which he continued until his final days, even after having been diagnosed with lung cancer.


ABSTRACT This article is a transcript of a conversation between Francesc Vendrell, the former UN and EU meditator who dealt with many conflicts, particularly in Afghanistan and East Timor, and David Loyn, visiting Senior Fellow in the War Studies Department at King's College London, and a former BBC Bureau Chief in South Asia and correspondent to Afghanistan. This conversation, which took place in 2019, focuses on Vendrell's role in the East Timor situation from the time of its annexation by Indonesia, to his role in mediating its independence following the 1999 referendum.


ABSTRACT Studies have reported differing concepts of the role of the personal tutor (PT) in nurse education. Theoretical frameworks were used to critically examine the complex field of nurse education and the PT role within the Higher Education (HE) setting and a pilot project undertaken to explore student nurses' perceptions and experience of the role. Using a qualitative design, a phenomenological approach was taken where three, year 3 undergraduate student nurses were recruited purposively and undertook a self-interview in a place and at a time if their choice within a 2 weeks timescale. Findings revealed seven key themes: building relationships, availability, student journey, achieving potential and success, pastoral support, academic support and clinical practice. The findings strongly reflect an expectation that the PT should be the focus of support for pastoral, academic and clinical support based on the formation of a professional relationship throughout the course with a potentially negative impact on student progression and success if the relationship is weak or breaks down. Further study is recommended involving both students and academic staff/PTs to explore the concept of the professional relationship in more depth as an emergent key theme. Furthermore, self-interview as a novel methodology has exciting implications for future research practice within this field.


An Ethernetcamera is presented,which is composed of CMOS image sensors,video decoderchip,the single-chip microcomputer,CPLD,SRAM array and Ethernet chip.M-JPEG compression,image sequence temporary push-pull store,the realization of the UDP protocol,the establishment of upper acquisition software,and many other important aspect of the method are expounded.On the basis of this Ethernet camera system is set,the real test is made,and the camera is applied to vehicle-specific image acquisition system.


A front cover, a rear cover and a base portion are crushed into a crushed material, and further pelletized into a recycled plastic pellet. The recycled plastic pellet is used as a part of a molding material to produce mold plastic parts for a photosensitive material. When the molding material is melt in heat, a thermoplastic resin is deteriorated by heat or modified. Therefore, properties and qualities of recycled plastic mold parts are less than those of new ones. Further, when the thermoplastic resin is deteriorated by heat, the photosensitive material reacts with the thermoplastic resin to decomposed products having an bad influence on photo graphic characteristics. In order to prevent the deterioration by heat, oxidation inhibiting materials are added, and in order to absorb the decomposed products, carbon blacks are added.