The College of Building was founded in 1842 when two institutions of vocational training the Architectural College and the College of Civil Engineers were merged. The opening of the College of Building was seen as an important step aimed at training experts in building for all Russian provinces. According to the Statute of 1842, the goal of the College of Building was to train builders for different kinds of civil constructions, industrial buildings, roads, bridges, water-pipes, etc. The College of Building was modelled after an institution of military training. In the history of the College, several periods can be traced. The first period of the history of the College began in 1842, immediately after it was opened. Since December 27, 1851 the College was moved into the first category of Russian educational institutions and received a new Statute. The next period in the history of the College was connected with the Decree of May 9, 1857. The new period of the history of the College began in 1860s. It was related to the social and economic transformations in Russia which called for changes in the architecture. In 1864 the administration of building and construction activities was reformed. The Building Department was transferred from the division of the Railroad Administration to the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA). The College of Building was also transferred under the MIA administration. Consequently, the status of the College changed: it became a civil educational establishment. After R.B. Berngard became the Head of the College, a new period in its development began. Under Berngard's guidance a new Statute of the College of Building was developed. It was enacted by the Decree of March 15, 1877 and received its legal power on August 1, 1877. Since then, the College was moved into the category of institutions of higher education, like the Institute of Railroad Engineers and the Mining Institute which had received this status as early as in the 1860s. Thereafter, the graduates of the College of Building had different rights, varying according to their academic performance. They were divided into three groups: the best, rather advanced, and all others who succeeded in sciences. Upon entering the civil service, the best received the X rank, the rather advanced the XII rank, and all others who passed the final examination the XIV rank. After the new Statute had been introduced, the graduates of the College began to receive the qualifications of civil engineers. Although the College of Building had received the University status in 1877, it was renamed only in 1882. By the Decree of December 10, 1882 the former College of Building was renamed into the Institute of Civil Engineers


Gene expression relies on the communication between the processes of transcription, mRNA export and protein synthesis. Once synthesized in the nucleus, the mRNA must become competent for its export across the nuclear pore. Formation of an mRNA particle (mRNP) suitable for export is accomplished by the binding of soluble mRNA export factors to the newly synthesized mRNA. Following transport, the mRNP undergoes structural rearrangements in the cytoplasm in order to enter translation. We have found an allele‐specific genetic interaction between the mRNA export factor Mex67p and Upf1, a cytoplasmic protein involved in Nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD) and translational control. Interestingly, overexpression or deletion of the UPF1 gene in a mex67 mutant strain leads to a synthetic enhancement of the temperature sensitive phenotype of this strain. This effect is not the result of reduced Mex67p levels, altered NMD or impaired mRNA export. Moreover, this effect is specific to mex67 since deletion of the UPF1 gene in other mRNA export mutant strains such as rat7‐1 and rat8‐2 has no effect on their growth. Strikingly, deletion of the UPF genes in the mex67 mutant strain causes cycloheximide hypersensitivity, suggesting that the phenotypic enhancement observed is the result of translational defects. These results suggest a link between the processes of mRNA export, mRNA decay and translation.


An 18 year old man with completely resistant acne responded with clearing to six months therapy with etretinate Ro‐10‐9359, as 13‐cis‐retinoic acid was not available. It may well represent a valuable alternative therapy in severe acne in males.


Tamil is regarded as one of the complex language as it is rich in words and highly agglutinative in nature. More than hundred inflections can be formed for a given word. This makes the processing of Tamil words highly difficult. Our work presents simple, efficient method to produce inflections of the Tamil verbs and nouns. Our work combines the advantages of the existing models by combining the rule based approach and the data driven approach. General Terms Data driven approach, rule based approach, natural language processing, morphological generator.


We estimate the demand for food waste within the household using observational data of food stock usage and meal consumption, the net of which forms a proxy for unconsumed food. We find that food waste is a luxury good with an expenditure elasticity ranging from 1.1 to 1.4. The wasting of food is also rather responsive to price: our own-price elasticity estimates range from -1.9 to -1.3. We further find differences in the demand for food waste related to household membership structure, human capital, joint preparation of meals within the household, and geo-


USY faujasites (SiO2/Al2O3 = 12, 30 and 80) were used as hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalyst supports. Mo, Co and P were impregnated at two concentrations: ∼12.5, ∼3 and ∼1.6 mass %; ∼18, ∼5.5 and ∼2.2 mass % (CL and HL series, respectively). Surface acidity decreased after Co-Mo-P deposition. Sulphided catalysts were tested in dibenzothiophene (DBT) HDS (320°C, 5.59 MPa). The HDS rate slightly increased with both SiO2 content and Co-Mo-P loading. High selectivity to hydrogenated products suggested deficient Mo promotion in CL solids. Improved Mo promotion by Co (HL series) could be responsible for higher activity and marked selectivity to desulphurization to biphenyl.

Des faujasites USY (SiO/Al2O3=12, 30 et 80) ont ete utilisees comme supports de catalyseur d'hydrodesulfuration (HDS). Le Mo, Co et P ont ete impregnes a 2 concentrations : ∼12,5, ∼3 et ∼1,6 % massique; ∼18, ∼5,5 et ∼2,2 % massique (series CL et HL, respectivement). L'acidite de surface diminue apres le depot de Co-Mo-P. Des catalyseurs sulfures ont ete testes dans une HDS de dibenzothiophene (DBT) (320 oC, 5,59 MPa). Le taux d'HDS augmente legerement avec la teneur en SiO2 et le chargement en Co-Mo-P. Une haute selectivite pour les produits hydrogenes suggere une mauvaise promotion du Mo dans les solides de type CL. Une promotion amelioree du Mo par le Co (series HL) pourrait etre responsable d'une activite plus grande et une selectivite plus marquee pour la desulfuration en biphenyl.


AbstractThis study investigated the effects of social determinants and resource distribution on trust in government after a disaster. This involved an analysis of four waves of the Social Impact an...


Animacy is the most important factor in changing voices of the constructions. During the process of changing voices, for example, from disposal to causative and from shiyi to passive, subject was deleted and producted pragmatical effects because of the change of animacy of the construction. But in the one Causative voice, from shiyi to causative, above the phenomena was not producted.


Changes in the composition of triacylglycerols (TAGs) of three varieties of flaxseeds (H52, O116 and P129) during development were investigated using non-aqueous reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure photoionization-mass spectrometry (LC-APPI-MS). 17 species of triacylglycerols were found and their fatty acyl composition was confirmed by fragment ions in the mass spectra. The major forms observed were LnLnLn, LnLLn, LnOLn, LLLn, LnLnP, OOLn and OLLn. The highest change in these compounds occurred in the early development period for most TAGs. The most active period of triacylglycerol synthesis was between 7 and 35 days after flowering (DAF). LnLnLn exhibited the most significant increase during flaxseed development. At maturity, similar TAG profiles were found for the three samples.


ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IMMUNIZATION AND NUTRITION STATUS OF CHILDREN AT INTEGRATED SERVICE POST (POSYANDU) SEDAP MALAM I PELEM BATURETNO IN THE WORKING AREA OF BANGUNTAPAN I HEALTH CENTER BANTUL YOGYAKARTA Alfiana Priska NirmalaDewi Adam 1 , Herawati 2 , Farissa Fatimah 3 ABSTRACT Background: According to the Health department of DIY province in 2010, the prevalence of undernourished children  i.e.  11,31% (Total Protein Energy Deficiency). Low coverage of immunization at the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory is affected by level of knowledge supported by lack of awareness of the community on health problem. Immunization given to under fives at Posyandu Sedap Malam I Pelem Baturetno includes BCG, Hepatitis, DPT 1, 2, 3, Polio, and Measles. Data of nutrition status of children under five obtained from the post show there is no child (0%) with malnutrition status; meanwhile 13% of children under five are undernourished, 84% have good nutrition status, and 3% over nourished. Objective: To identify association between immunization and nutrition status of children under five. Method: This kind of research is descriptive analytical. Location of research at Posyandu sedap malam I Pelem, Baturetno. The sample are all children over the age of one year old, Samples were taken through systematic random sampling method. The Independent Variable is immunization of children, while the dependent variable is the nutrirional status of children. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by chi-square. Result: Total of 91.2% of childrens received complete immunization, while 8.8% of them got incomplete immunization.  Type of immunization which cannot obtained from the respondents include DPT 3, measles, and polio 4. Nutritional status according BB/U index, as much as 1,8% of children malnourished and 5,2% of them over nutrient, according TB/U index as much as 3,5% short children and 19,3% high children, according to BB/TB index, 5,2% very skinny children, 8,8% skinny children, and 1,8% fat children.  There is a significant relationship between immunization with children nutritional status Conclusion: There was significant association between immunization and nutrition status of children at Posyandu Sedap Malam I of Pelem Baturetno at the working area of Banguntapan I Health Center Bantul Yogyakarta. Keywords: children under five, immunization, nutrition status 1.Student Department Of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty Of Health Sciences, Respati University Yogyakarta 2.Lecturer Department of   Nutrition, Poltekes Ministry of Health Yogyakarta 3.Lecturer Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Respati University Yogyakarta


The world is increasingly developing, along with the development of the times we have to explore ourselves, take advantage of existing technology for daily life. Technological developments are very rapid in various parties and any aspects. The world is now shocked by the corona virus disease, as if it reminds us to better save our health and save our immune system by take a rest and consume vitamins. Viruses that are currently being discussed can be prevented by saving our health, washing hands diligently, maintaining distance and avoiding crowds. Researchers took the initiative to look directly at the field where technology could be inserted in our healthy. From the results of research in the field, researchers found a problem in washing hands. Everyone, before or after washing their hands must be holding a soap bottle and water tap. It can cause new problems, which the virus can stick to the hands again through the water tap that the person had previously held. From the analysis of this problem, researchers want to make new innovations to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. This innovation is a smart system design, where the system is integrated on its own without anyone's help. The work system uses sensors that are fully automatic. It is hoped that this tool can function and be applied to the society


-OMMUNITY INTEREST in the prob_ lems and service needs of the chronically ill and the aged has been increased in four Colorado counties in recent years by locally developed programs of household surveys and studies of nursing homes and other health facilities. The county programs received general guidance and financial assistance from the Colorado State Department of Public Health under a gerontology grant from the W. K. Kellogg Foundation from June 1953 through December 1956. The participating counties were El Paso, Mesa, Otero, and Weld. In each, there is an organized local health department, either a college or a junior college, and numerous civic, professional, business, and community service organizations. Through such agencies and groups, new steering and executive committees were formed to plan the studies of the chronically ill and the aged. Subcommittees and voluntary workers assisted in carrying out the surveys. Community organization for the programs centered in the principal cities, but the household surveys and nursing home studies were countywide. Population coverage in the household surveys averaged 50 percent or better. El Paso County has a population of about 115,000, including some 30,000 military personnel stationed in or near Colorado Springs, the county seat. The city, situated at the foot of Pike's Peak, is the financial, trading, cultural, and residential center of a mining, agricultural, small industry, and tourist trade area. Mesa County, on the western slope of the Rocky


Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of Doxofylline and Terbutaline sulphate in tablet dosage form. The method is developed using 0.1M NaOH as a solvent. Method (I) is the Q-absorbance ratio method, two wavelengths are selected, one being the isoabsorptive point 294.1 nm and other being the absorption maxima of Doxofylline at 273 nm. Method (II) is the Absorbance correction method, two wavelengths are selected, one being absorption maxima of Doxofylline at 273 nm and other being the corrected absorbance at 302.96 nm. The Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 10–50 μg/ml for Doxofylline and 2–8 μg/ml for Terbutaline sulphate respectively, correlation coefficient (r 2 < 1). The accuracy and precision were determined and found to comply with ICH guidelines. Both the methods showed good reproducibility and recovery with % RSD in the desired range. The proposed methods can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of both the drugs from tablet dosage form.


Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects human resting B lymphocytes and induces them to proliferate, to produce immunoglobulin (Ig), and to give rise to immortal cell lines.' Although the mechanisms of B cell activation by the virus are mostly unknown, there is evidence supporting the view that long-term proliferation of EBV-immortalized B cells requires secretion of growth factors in the culture supernatant as well as the use of these growth factors.24 Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a 14 kDa IL-1-like molecule, and a soluble fragment of the B cell activation antigen CD 23 have all been reported to function as autocrine growth factors for EBV-immortalized B ~ells.5-~ We have analyzed further the conditions that permit long-term proliferation of EBV-infected B cells and have examined whether products other than autocrine factors could promote growth in EBV-activated B cells. These studies have demonstrated that the monocytes and the soluble products that they secrete upon activation induce the proliferation of EBV-infected B cells. After purification, we have identified the active component in monocyte supernatants as interferon-&/B cell stimulatory factor 2/26 kDa protein/interleukin-6. A panel of EBV-immortalized B cell lines was found not to produce IL-6, thus suggesting that this molecule does not act as an autocrine, but rather as a paracrine B cell growth factor.


Cytochrome c oxidase is the last component of the respiratory chain in mitochondria and many bacteria, where it catalyses the reduction of O2 to water. The structures of cytochrome c oxidases from ...


The present application relates to a page access method, a device and a system. The method comprises a step of sending a first request to a server, wherein the first request carries a first summary which is the summary of a first processing result, and the first processing result is the processing result of a last request by the server, a step of receiving the first response message returned by the server, the first response message carries first difference information which is the difference between a second processing result and a first processing result, and the second processing result is the processing result of the first request by the server, and a step of updating a display page according to the first difference information. According to the invention, the data transmitted in the Internet can be reduced, thus the time consumed in a transmission process is short, especially in the case of poor network quality, the loading speed of page content can be accelerated, thus a user can view the page content in a short time, and a user experience is improved.


Review(s) of: The new lawyer: How settlement is transforming the practice of law, by Julie Macfarlane (UBC Press, 2008) 280 pp.


Educators with insight into students' life existence can achieve the three-dimensional teaching goals by constructing classroom aesthetic culture.Aesthetics,affirming and confirming human's spirit of freedom in the form of sensibility,is freedom and harmony,which divide into three kinds:1.Students' individual freedom,which is characteristic of wisdom;2.Interactive freedom between teachers and students with the core of dialogue;3.Students' personal freedom,which is truly mental pleasure as well as harmony between their own images and reflections.The three dimensions and purports mentioned above in the classroom aesthetic culture include wisdom,dialogue and pleasure.


This is an emerging technology for monitoring physical world. The sensor nodes are capable of sensing various types of environmental conditions, have some processing capabilities and ability to communicate the sensed data through wireless communication. Routing algorithms for WSNs are responsible for ensure reliable and effective communication in limited periods and selecting and maintaining the routes in the network. The energy constraint of WSNs make energy saving become the most important objective of various routing algorithms. In this paper, a survey of routing protocols and algorithms used in WSNs is presented with energy efficiency as the main goal. Keywords— Wireless Sensor Networks, Routing Protocols,


Electron paramagnetic resonance is used to detect the formation of free radicals caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation in chemically untreated rabbit skin. A fast jump in EPR signal level, occurring over a few seconds, is observed immediately after a skin sample is exposed to UV. This is followed by a slower increase toward an elevated steady‐state signal over a period of hours as the skin is continuously exposed to a UV light source. Upon cessation of UV light exposure, EPR signal levels undergo an abrupt drop followed by a slower decay toward natural levels. Elevated free radical concentrations following UV exposure are found to persist for several hours in whole skin. These results are consistent with time‐resolved EPR measurements of photoinduced radicals in various natural melanins.


In Poland, there is a significant diversification of efficiency in agriculture between voivodeships. Therefore, we expect efficiency convergence in line with the modernization process of agriculture in regions. The work aims to identify the scale and direction of changes in the efficiency of land and labor in farms in Poland in terms of voivodeships and to determine whether there is a convergence of the efficiency. Statistical data from Statistics Poland and data from the FADN on the results of farms for the years 2010-2020 were used in the analysis. In the period covered by the analysis, the average area of farms increased by 18% to 11.6 ha, and the level of employment decreased by as much as 31% to 9.5 AWU/100 ha. On FADN farms, the area increased by 15% to 40.4 ha, and the level of employment decreased by 10% to 4.9 AWU/100 ha. Land efficiency did not change significantly in real terms, and labor efficiency increased by 15-18% in real terms, depending on the region. It was found that the convergence between voivodeships occurred only concerning labor productivity in agriculture (in value of GVA/AWU). Convergence was not confirmed for labor productivity (in value of production/AWU), and divergence was observed both for land efficiency and productivity. This means that differences in the effectiveness of Polish agriculture between regions are permanent, and progress in agriculture by regions is at a similar pace. In the future, the main constraint on agriculture development in some regions will be the strong fragmentation of agriculture.


A multimedia speech therapy system should be able to be used for customized speech therapy for different problems and for different ages. The speech recognition must be designed to work with high inter- and intra-speaker variability. In addition to displaying text on a screen, recording the voice reading the text, analyzing the recorded spoken signal and performing speech recognition which includes identification of speech irregularities and tracking of patient progress, it should be capable of analyzing visual signal of the patients' speech and provide visual as well as audio feedback. This implies that the synchronization of different media is important in realizing effective multimedia speech therapy applications. In order to perform speech recognition and identification tasks, time-frequency analysis and neural networks are proposed with integration of visual information.


Abstract The objective of this work is to assess the contamination of the Essouk stream, under acid drainage from the Sidi Kambar mine (southwest of Skikda, Algeria), which has been widely exploited during the previous decades. The methodology was conducted to control the current state of water chemistry, its evolution in space and time according to the variation of water physicochemical parameters and the content of trace metals (Pb, Fe, and Zn). In general, Essouk stream are highly sulphated (reached 598.56 mg/L) and have an elevated salinity, resulting in a high conductivity (1925 µS/cm) and presented a low pH (3.01). In addition, Fe, Pb and Zn contents reached 5.17 mg/L, 2.05 mg/L and 4.05 mg/L, respectively. Such results were linked to the bedrock of Sidi Kambar that is composed of galena, pyrite and sphalerite.


Today's modern societies are increasingly dependent on digital technologies and the software underpinning these technologies in almost every sphere of professional and personal life. These technologies and software are poorly understood as tools that shape our engagement with knowledge, culture and society in the 21st century. None of these tools are 'neutral.' They embody social and cultural assumptions about their use and all have particular values embedded in their interfaces and affordances. This paper draws from a funded research project investigating the notion of software literacy (Khoo, Hight, Torrens, & Cowie, 2017). In the project software literacy is defined as the expertise involved in understanding, applying, problem solving and critiquing software when it is used to achieve particular goals. The project team hypothesised there exists three progressive tiers of development towards software literacy in professional contexts. We conducted case studies of engineering and media studies students' learning of an ubiquitous software such as PowerPoint as well as proprietary discipline-specific software to examine how software literacy is understood, developed and applied in a tertiary teaching-learning context. In this contribution we outline the project findings then use the notion of software literacy as the lens to unpack and illustrate through three everyday examples how software literacy would seem to be an essential part of learning and living in the 21st century.


This article addresses key concepts pertaining to Adab on the one hand and Abbasid administrative practices on the other, by focusing on an unpublished work that straddles both themes. It is shown that Arabic works on both Adab and bureaucracy are difficult to isolate and categorise conclusively as both genres were receptive to diverse flavourings, be they of an ornamental or of a strictly practical nature. Although the article adopts a comparative approach to these issues, detailed attention is paid to the character of the particular work under discussion and its author.


Introduction: Silver has long been recognized for its antimicrobial effect on a wide spectrum of microorganisms. Consequently, silver nanoparticles became among the most common therapeutic nanoparticles under research in the field of caries prevention. Pit-and-fissure sealants are among the major components in the field of caries prevention which could have an additional antibacterial benefit through silver nanoparticles addition. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate, in-vitro, the marginal seal of silver nanoparticle-added pits and fissure sealant in comparison to the conventional sealant in permanent teeth. Materials and methods: Thirty sound premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned into two main groups; Group I (n=15) for silver nanoparticle-added ClinproTM sealant and Group II (n=15) for the conventional ClinproTM sealant. Silver nanoparticle-added sealant was prepared by mixing the contents of one syringe of ClinproTM sealant to silver nanopowder of particle size 50-80nm at a concentration of 6.25μg/ml. For microleakage testing, after sealant application and thermocycling for 500 thermal cycles, the sealed teeth was immersed into 1% methylene blue solution for 24h, sectioned longitudinally in a bucco-lingual direction and then examined under stereomicroscope for dye penetration assessment at x60 magnification. Results: Using Mann Whitney U test there was no statistically significant difference in microleakage between both groups (P= 0.325) Conclusion: Addition of silver nanoparticles to pit-and-fissure sealant did not affect its sealing ability.


In a previous paper [Zhang et al., J. Chem. Phys. 110, 5318 (1999)] we introduced a model for polydisperse hard-sphere mixtures that is able to adjust its particle size distribution. Here we give the explanation of the questions that arose in the previous description and present a consistent theory of the phase transition in this system, based on the Percus–Yevick equation of state. The transition is continuous, and like Bose–Einstein condensation, a macroscopic aggregate is formed due to the microscopic interactions. A treatment based on the equation of state by Boublik, Mansoori, Carnahan, Starling, and Leland leads to the same conclusion with slightly more accurate predictions.


The radially dependent quadrupole antishielding factors $\ensuremath{\gamma}(r)$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}(r)$ for ${\mathrm{Be}}^{2+}$, ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$, and ${\mathrm{Zn}}^{2+}$ are calculated by using the nonorthogonal-Hartree-Fock perturbation theory (NHFPT) of Dalgarno. These results are important in view of the recent theory of Lodge on the electric-field gradient (EFG) in metals, which shows the dependence of EFG on both $\ensuremath{\gamma}(r)$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}(r)$. While in the literature, calculations of $\ensuremath{\gamma}(r)$ are available for some ions (other than ${\mathrm{Be}}^{2+}$, ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$, and ${\mathrm{Zn}}^{2+}$), those of $\ensuremath{\beta}(r)$ are lacking to our knowledge. It is this deficiency which is being made up in the present paper by the calculations of $\ensuremath{\beta}(r)$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}(r)$ for some of the divalent ions.


THE WORLDWIDE UPSURGE of interest in "nonformal education" since 1970, principally exhibited by developing countries and external assistance agencies, has generated-along with many useful ideas and insights-considerable curiosity, misapprehension, and controversy, especially within the educational community itself. Some devoted schoolmen I have listened to seemed almost hysterically fearful that this popular new "competitor" (as they view rionformal education) will divert badly needed funds from formal education, worsening its already serious plight. At the other extreme, some of the harshest critics of the formal system have hailed nonformal education as a kind of miracle worker that can crush the imperial monopoly, elitism, and inequities of the formal education system. Between these extremes the great bulk of educators find themselves thoroughly confused and are looking for straight answers to some straightforward questions:


In recent years the use of Chinese materia medica(CMM) has been increasing and the scope of the use of CMM expanding,so that the upward trend of adverse reaction incidence is going on.Based on the investigation of the side effect overview occurred,the reasons for adverse reactions,and the obserbation in clinical manifestation,the problems of adverse reaction appeared in the application of CMM have been described.As a result,the side effects of CMM could not be ignored.


An investigation was conducted to assess the suitability of groundwater for different industrial purposes at Tongi thana under Gazipur district. Water samples were collected from 20 deep tubewells for chemical analyses which included pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cl, SO 4 and NO 3 . All groundwater were slightly acidic to alkaline (pH ≠ 6.99-8.00) in nature and were unsuitable for laundering industry. As regards to hardness (H T ), all water samples were unsuitable for confectionery, laundering, rayon manufacture and textile industries. Most of water samples were unsuitable for brewing, confectionery, paper and pulp industries with respect to TDS. Concentrations of Fe, SO;, and NO 3 were within the safe limits for all indusrial uses but Cl toxicity was detected for sugar and dairy industries. Only seven water samples were unsuitable for some industries like paper and pulp, brewing and dairy farm but all water samples were problematic for rayon manufacture industries as per Mn content. Considering all criteria, all groundwater were suitable for air conditioning. None of the water were found suitable for all industries under test.


Human reaction time has a substantial effect on modeling of human behavior at a microscopic level. Drivers and pedestrian do not react to an event instantaneously; rather, they take time to perceive the event, process the information, decide on a response and finally enact their decision. All these processes introduce delay. As human movement is simulated at increasingly fine-grained resolutions, it becomes critical to consider the delay due to reaction time if one is to achieve accurate results. Most existing simulators over-simplify the reaction time implementation to reduce computational overhead and memory requirements. In this paper, we detail the framework which we are developing within the SimMobility Short Term Simulator (a microscopic traffic simulator), which is capable of explicitly modeling reaction time for each person in a detailed, flexible manner. This framework will enable modelers to set realistic reaction time values, relying on the simulator to handle implementation and optimization considerations. Following this, we report our findings demonstrating the impact of reaction time on traffic dynamics within several simulation scenarios. The findings indicate that in the incorporation of reaction time within microscopic simulations improves the traffic dynamics that produces more realistic traffic condition.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) is elevated in subjects with asthma and atopy, and it has been proposed to be a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation. In addition to asthma and atopy, there is limited information about the determinants of Feno in a general population.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional.

SETTING
A random adult general population sample.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 2,200 subjects, 1,111 women and 1,089 men, aged 25 to 75 years.

INTERVENTIONS
The subjects were examined with regard to Feno, pulmonary function, anthropometric variables, and blood samples for Ig E, and completed a respiratory questionnaire. The associations between different determinants and Feno were analyzed with multiple linear regression models.

RESULTS
The median value of Feno was 16.0 parts per billion (ppb), ranging from 2.4 to 199 ppb. Height, age, atopy, reporting of asthma symptoms in the last month, and reported use of inhaled steroids were positively associated with Feno. Current smokers had lower values of Feno. Gender was not associated with Feno.

CONCLUSIONS
In this random adult population sample, height, but not gender, was associated with Feno. Furthermore, asthma symptoms in the last month, reported use of inhaled steroids, and atopy were positively and independently associated with Feno, while there was a negative association with smoking.


At present, a new pattern of world economic development is taking shape, and different development models featuring a green, low-carbon, and recycling economy have become the goals pursued by all countries. China is in a critical period of economic transformation. Establishing a sound financial system for green, low-carbon, and recycling economic development is an essential initiative for China to realize the dual-carbon goal, build a modern financial system for sustainable development, and promote the construction of a community of human destiny. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to dynamically monitor the development of China's green, low-carbon, and recycling economy and explore regional development differences to realize coordinated and sustainable regional development. This paper measures the level of green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development in 30 provinces and cities in China by constructing a dynamic evaluation system for green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development and utilizing a dual incentive model. The empirical results show that since 2014, the level of green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development in China's provinces and cities has been on an upward trend. Still, the level of action needs to be balanced. Therefore, it is imperative to create an institutional environment conducive to advancing green and low-carbon technologies, promoting structural adjustment and energy efficiency, and reducing regional differences in green, low-carbon


Autonomous vehicle employ multiple sensors and algorithms to analyze data streams from the sensors to accurately interpret the surroundings. The aim of the research presented in this paper is to design a sensor fusion algorithm that predicts the next state of the position and orientation of Autonomous vehicle based on data fusion of IMU and GPS. This is essential to achieve the highest safety and security standards through enhanced performance that enable consistency, accuracy and reliability. Traditionally, for vehicle navigation, GPS standalone solutions have been utilized which lack to scan the surrounding environment. Therefore, the data from an Inertial Measurement unit (IMU) is fused and correlated with GPS measurements to overcome the limitations of GPS based navigation system.


The seasurface scattering theroy was focused on microwave band.The multipath echo model at sea under the VHF band is analyzed.The complex dielectric constant is computed firstly.By simulating the correlative reflection coefficient and Rayleigh criterion,the conclusion is obtained that the specular reflection occupies the main in the scattering signals,the sea surface can be assumed smooth surface,the multipath model based on the specular reflection model is correct under the sea state six and the grazing angle less than five degrees.


This paper deals with the modelling and experimental work carried out on a BMW single cylinder spark ignition hydrogen engine. The authors have enhanced a 1D thermo-fluid dynamic simulation code in order to cope with the different chemical and physical aspects due to the fuelling of a spark ignition engine with hydrogen rather than with conventional gasoline. In particular the combustion module, which is based on a quasi-dimensional approach, has been extended by introducing the possibility of predicting the burning rate of the combustion of a homogeneous mixture of hydrogen and air. A fractal approach was followed for the turbulent flame speed evaluation, while an extend database for laminar burning velocities was created applying a kinetic simulation code for one-dimensional laminar flames. The modelling of the whole intake and exhaust systems coupled to the engine has been addressed, considering port-injection fuel system, in which hydrogen has been injected at very low temperature (cryogenic conditions). The fundamental 1D fluid-dynamic equations are solved by means of second order finite difference schemes; the working fluid is considered as a mixture of ideal gases, with specific heats depending on the gas temperature and the mole fractions of species, whose correlations for each specie (including para-hydrogen) have been extended in the region of low temperature. A first validation of the enhanced model is shown in the paper, comparing the computed results with the experimental data of in-cylinder pressures, intake and exhaust instantaneous pressure histories at different locations and NO emissions discharged by the cylinder.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in men following lung cancer. It is generally slow growing. The main risk factor is elderly age. Prognosis is generally good, but may vary depending on its pathologic subtype. Adenocarcinoma, which accounts for over 95% of cases, responds especially well when treated as localized disease. The main methods of treatment include radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and active surveillance, as well as chemotherapy, androgen deprivation treatment, and Radium-223.


This work is devoted to the study of the interaction of a Bose gas of polariton with its environment it aims to determine the impact of the gas density, the dimensionality of the confinement, the experienced potential and the surrounding phonon bath on the polariton Bose gas characteristics.In the first chapter, we study a one dimensional polariton condensate in Zinc Oxide microwires that features a quasi excitonic nature.By determining the spatial correlation properties of the gas, and using a mean field driven dissipative model developed by our colleagues of the Laboratoire de Physique et de Mod'elisation des Milieux Condens'es we were able to determine the influence of the combined quasi excitonic nature, disordered one dimensional confining potential and density on the coherence properties of the gas. The end of the chapter describes an application of those highly excitonic polaritons to a novel subwavelength imaging technic based on the Solid Immersion Lens concept.In the second part we address the interactions of the polariton field with an intrinsic characteristic of the solid state environment : the thermal excitations of the lattice called phonons.In this part, we use angle resolved Raman spectroscopy to study Anti-Stokes Fluorescence (ASF) which consists in the the absorption of a phonon by an excited states to cool down the studied microcavity. The state of the art technics are using ion doped materials or bare excitons in semiconductors as emitters.The study performed exploited the polaritons as emitters, using respectively their very short lifetime and their very light mass to access a faster cooling dynamics and an energy range going from 150K to 4K.


Background. Retinal hemorrhages in infants are frequent pathologies, but their causes, clinical forms and functional outcomes are poorly studied. The study of hemorrhage localization in the eye structure, time frames of their resolution, and the long-term effects that may affect the development of vision is of particular interest. Objective. Our aim was to analyze clinical forms, time frames of resolution and long-term clinical and functional outcomes of retinal hemorrhages in infants. Methods. All children with retinal hemorrhages, who applied to a premature baby room in the MRI of ED n. a. Helmholtz at the age from 3 weeks to 3 months for 5 years (2011–2015), were examined using indirect ophthalmoscopy. In case of extensive lesions, the process dynamics was controlled by a pediatric digital retinal imaging system. Long-term clinical and functional outcomes of retinal hemorrhages were studied using ultrasound examination and spectral optical coherence tomography. Results. Fundus hemorrhages were revealed in 108 (5.9%) of 1,825 infants on 142 eyes (34 children had bilateral hemorrhages). Hemorrhages were more frequent in children delivered vaginally (79 children, 73.2%), were unilateral (74 children, 63.5%), pre-retinal (108 eyes, 76.1%), of central localization (119 eyes, 83.8%). The time frames of hemorrhage resolution in 53 children (49.1%) were more than one month. Long-term outcomes of retinal hemorrhages were studied in 22 children (33 eyes) at the age of 2–5 years. Residual changes in the structure of the neuroepithelium and vitreoretinal interface with a decrement in visual acuity were noted in 7 children (9 eyes). Conclusion. Retinal hemorrhages of newborns are characterized by clinical polymorphism, different time frames of resolution and outcomes, which requires a case follow-up.


Regarding real-time mixed type duty dispatch,based on NP question analysis research,The threshold based dual-level priority algorithm integrates preemptive scheduling and non-preemptive scheduling in the layermodel.The schedule ability of jobs can be improved by the algorithm,and the system overhead introduced by preemption can be reduced,too.Assigning thresholds is in the core of the algorithm.The response time of lower priority job can not be affected by thresholds of higher priority jobs while inverse is not.Assuming that job priorities are already known,the job can be assigned a set of maximum thresholds which can improve the performance of the scheduling algorithm.Enables various queue to achieve the duty assignment a use factor very good degree.


little in this exploitative society, where only Marianne can reveal her true feelings, and only then in the privacy of prayer. Music plays its part in Kasimir und Karoline as well (the "MailüfterlLied" as part of the musical background at the circus; 272), but it is not the main dramatic device as much as the general unmasking of "Kitsch" (273), which distorts reality and tries to make all of life seem as jolly as the circus. Fritz sees this play primarily as a "gesellschaftspolitisches Lehrstück" with an ironic effort at "solving" the problems it addresses (195– 203), and he focuses on larger issues by linking them to the various characters' ways of addressing what they see as reality. Between Kasimir and Schürzinger, for example, there prevails a "Dominanz des Bildungsjargons" (219– 34) that naturally hampers communication instead of advancing it. Fritz equates the "Krise des Mannes und Krise des Kleinbürgers" (267– 79) and concludes by reverting to his main idea in a chapter called "Alles was fehlt, ist die Solidarität" (285– 95). The author has done well to draw on the sociologists named earlier, because they give an overall system to his analyses of issues and problems that have not been treated with quite so much consistency. The background studies— of hotels, of Viennese waltzes, for instances— add a dimension of solid understanding. Vincent Kling La Salle University


In multiwavelength optical networks, a purely optical connection will traverse many different components: optical fibers, optical amplifiers, (de)multiplexers (MUX/DMUXs) and switches, accumulating distortion, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, and interference as it propagates. The above is one of the negative aspects of optically transparent networks. The study of the above impairments and other physical effects is needed in order for the network designer to determine the limits of transparency.


mitment to the Boeing Corporation for a sale to an Australian airline. Neither competitive conditions nor anticipated societal benefits justified such favorable treatment. To correct these problems, Hillman recommends a number of statutory and organizational reforms. By having staggered terms for directors, removing promotional functions from the Bank, and requiring it to charge rates comparable to what it has to pay, the author hopes that the institution will have greater economic discipline. The major difficulty with these suggestions, and the book, is that Hillman concentrates too narrowly on the Eximbank and its relationship with exporters. He does not do an adequate job of analyzing its relationship with the executive branch. Since 1934, foreign policy objectives have guided the institution's activities. Bank officials identified with exporters in the 1970s only because Nixon and Carter stressed trade expansion. When the Ford administration adopted a conservative attitude toward government exports, the institution resisted pressure from its constituents. Therefore anyone wishing to improve the decisional process must realize that an administration's reaction to international political and economic conditions determines Eximbank policy. Though not insensitive to this point, the author seems unaware that it raises questions about the effectiveness of his recommendations.


A rapid and specific liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of P-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and emodin in rat plasma, and it was applied to the pharmacokinetics (PK) studies of the four compounds from the herb Polygonum multiflorum. The analysis was carried out on a Phenomenex Hydro-RP C18 (150 × 2.0 mm, 4 μm) reversed-phase column by gradient elution with a flow rate of 0.4 mL min−1. All of the analytes including internal standards (I.S.) were monitored by selected reaction monitoring with an electrospray ionization source. Linear responses were obtained for P-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and emodin ranging from 1 to 1000 ng mL−1. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD) were less than 8.61% and 8.75%, respectively. The extraction recovery ranged from 77.00 ± 5.54 to 91.30 ± 2.96, and the I.S. was 85.82 ± 3.58%. Stability studies showed that the accuracies of P-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and emodin ranged from 94.66 ± 3.54 to 106.84 ± 6.91; the matrix effects ranged from 92.14 ± 3.63 to 103.98 ± 8.71. The validated method was successfully used to determine the concentration–time profiles of P-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and emodin.


It is often necessary to investigate high temperature fast moving microobjects. If you want to measure their temperature, use optoelectronic measuring systems. Optoelectronic systems are always calibrated over a stationary absolutely black body. One of the problems of pyrometry is that you can not use this calibration to measure the temperature of moving objects. Two solutions are proposed in [1]. This article outlines the first results of validation [2]. An experimentally justified coefficient that allows one to take into account the influence of its motion on the decrease in the video signal of the photosensor in the regime of charge accumulation. The study was partially supported by RFBR in the framework of a research project № 15-42-00106


Abstract : This report evaluates the potential for health impact from various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to students at Southern Polytechnical College that may come in contact with water in Rottenwood Creek. Rottenwood Creek is in part fed by two streams that flow offsite from two retention basins located on Air Force Plant 6, Marietta, Georgia. The evaluation was requested by Aeronautical System Center/Environmental Management Restoration (ASC/EMR). The evaluation uses the existing Environmental Protection Agency 'Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A)'. Based on the evaluation, the potential exposure and associated health risks to students are negligible and the water is safe.


The effects of trace Cr(0.05%~0.15wt%) on the microstructure and properties of the medium manganese ductile iron were studied.The results show the addition of trace Cr can change the morphology of the carbides increase the amount of the carbides and improve the martensite structure and mechanical properties of the medium-manganese ductile iron.The practical application shows that the service life of JS500-1000 mandatory concrete mixer lining board manufactured by trace chromium medium manganese ductile iron is increased by 30~40% in comparison with that of medium manganese ductile iron.


To demonstrate the Shinto belief in impermanence and renewal, the Ise Grand Shrine in Japan is demolished and reconstructed every twenty years. Western readers tend not to be Shintoists, but it is a truism among publishers of literary classics that every generation requires a new translation. "A true translator," wrote the trilingual critic George Steiner, "knows that his labour belongs 'to oblivion' (inevitably each generation retranslates)." You do not have to wait an entire generation to locate a new version of Antigone, Don Quixote, and the Bible, each of which has been rendered into English dozens of times. Most of those do fade into the oblivion from which their often-anonymous translators never emerged. But the need for an up-to-date take becomes more apparent as the English language evolves, and as publishers sense a market for a text in the public domain. In the ecology of global culture, the task of the translator is unremitting. No matter how obsequiously faithful, no rendition is ever definitive, because the English language is a moving target. Although George Chapman's Homer inspired John Keats, it is unreadable today. "Translators," according to Alexander Pushkin, are "the post-horses of enlightenment." It is necessary to replace them with fresh mounts along the way. In 1948, a year after Albert Camus published his second novel, La Peste, it appeared in English as The Plague. Although Paul Auster called translators "the shadow heroes of literature, the oftenforgotten instruments that make it possible for different cultures to talk to one another," the translator of The Plague, Stuart Gilbert, was hardly unknown. His name did not appear on the cover, but Gilbert (1883–1969) was known as a friend and pioneering scholar of James Joyce. He was also a prolific translator, transposing from French into English a constellation of authors including Jean Cocteau, Edouard Dujardin, André Malraux, Roger Martin du Gard, Jean-Paul Sartre, Georges Simenon, and Alexis de Tocqueville. In 1946, Gilbert had published a translation of Camus's first novel, L'Etranger (as The Stranger), and he would later translate Camus's plays Caligula (as Caligula), Le Malentendu (as The Misunderstanding), L'Etat de siege (as State of Siege), and Les Justes (as The Just Assassins). An Englishman who lived most of his life in France, Gilbert was an accomplished retailer of French literature to Anglophone readers. La Peste has been translated into dozens of other languages, including Afrikaans, Catalan, Gujarati, Persian, Turkish, and Vietnamese. And there are at least two different translations of the novel into German, Hebrew, Italian, and Spanish, respectively. However, for seventy-three years, Gilbert's The Plague had been the only rendition of Camus's novel available in English. To read Dr. Bernard Rieux's account of how the citizens of Oran experienced an epidemic in the indeterminate year 194_, an American without French had to rely on Gilbert. However, in 2021, Knopf, the publisher of the Gilbert rendition, added another translation of The Plague to its catalog. In a gesture that surely pleases the current movement to honor the crucial role of translators, the name of Gilbert's successor, Laura Marris, appears on the cover. At thirty-four, Marris was little more than half the age—sixtyeight—that Gilbert was when he translated The Plague. Yet she had already published translations of books by the contemporary writers Christophe Boltranski and Géraldine Schwarz and by Louis Guilloux, a close friend of Camus. Although she has insisted that she began translating Camus's novel before the outbreak of COVID-19, Marris's version of The Plague arrived at an opportune moment, when the book became what Elisabeth Philippe in Le Nouvel Obs called "la Bible de ces temps tourmentés" [the Bible for these tormented times]. The Plague has never been obscure; widely read and admired, it has remained TRANSLATION REVIEW 2022, VOL. 114, NO. 1, 11–16 https://doi.org/10.1080/07374836.2022.2117749


Introduction to random signals and probability a review of scalar random variables second-order random vectors multidimensional random variables statistical description of random signals spectral properties of random signals statistical models for random signals Poisson processes and affiliated signals random signals and dynamical systems mean square estimation estimation estimation for stationary signals prediction for stationary signals time recursive methods matched filters.


This study aims to explore the growth of publications by focusing on firm performance through internationalization and the impact of ownership on firm performance, and finally firm performance will ultimately determine the sustainability of the industry. The study was conducted based on data from the Scopus website from 1971 to 2020. Data analysis was performed by grouping and comparing the growth of published articles. After that the analysis continues by looking at the journals that most publish this topic and the quality of the journal. An analysis of the countries of the authors who contributed the most to this research along with the most productive authors was also presented. And the next analysis is to explore the keywords in the research, an analysis is made of the interrelationship of the research that has been done which conducted based on bibliographic coupling technique and present the opportunities for topics that are still rarely examined in this field.


Spherical scratch tests were conducted in individual grains of a randomly oriented polycrystalline body-centered-cubic (bcc) Ti–Nb alloy. For each grain, scratch tests were conducted at four different levels of normal load, which resulted in varying amounts of plastic strain during indentation. The results show a dependence of the horizontal load component on the crystallographic orientation and on the amount of plastic strain. The component of the horizontal force that resulted from plastic deformation was found to correlate with the active slip systems for the particular grain orientation.


Background: Our study compared clinical outcomes and healthcare costs of A1 pulley release performed wide-awake in an office setting to A1 pulley release performed in an operating room with monitored anesthesia care (MAC) at a United States academic institution. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on consecutive patients who underwent single-digit A1 pulley release wide-awake in an office setting or in an ambulatory surgical center with MAC. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Disabilities Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores and a telephone questionnaire. Hospital financial records were reviewed for all patients and the summation of professional fee, anesthesiology fee, and hospital fee was calculated to determine healthcare cost. Financial comparisons were stratified by insurance carriers. Results: There were 76 patients with complete records: 43 wide-awake, 33 traditional. Both groups had significant improvement in postoperative quick DASH scores. When asked about subsequent surgery, 100% of wide-awake patients and 68% of traditional patients reported they would prefer to be wide-awake. Eighty percent of wide-awake patients said the procedure was less painful or comparable to a procedure at the dentist. Eighty-four percent of wide-awake patients said their experience was better than they expected, compared to 23% of traditional patients. The traditional group had significantly higher total healthcare costs ($2148.62 vs. $607.65), a more than 250% increase in healthcare spending. Professional reimbursement was significantly higher in the wide-awake group ($607.65 vs. $298.83). Conclusions: A1 pulley release performed with patients wide-awake in an office setting led to higher patient satisfaction, decreased healthcare spending and higher physician reimbursement than when performed in an operating room with sedation.


INTRODUCTION"Our students have changed radically. Today 's students are no longer the people our educational system was designed to teach. "Prensky (2001:1)Rapid advances in technology and the increasing accessibility of the Internet are rekindling interest in alternative and innovative models for education. These include the use of electronic learning (e-leaming), and more recently 'blended learning' which combines conventional delivery with technology-based delivery for teaching and learning (Armstrong 2009).The introduction of innovative technology in education are challenges that requires that education should equip students with the knowledge and skills they need to survive in the new dynamic environment that is characterized by continuous technological changes and growth in knowledge . The uses of ICTs are mandatory and ubiquitous, inclusive and specific for education. The selection of tools and resources are curriculum-driven and the teacher drives the technology. This calls for curriculum reform; new pedagogical skills, reforms in initial training and re-training of teachers; by implication a tall order from the 21st century paradigm shift for education. Continuing to teach students using traditional approaches may not augur well for the 21st century world of work and entrepreneurship opportunities (Resta, 2002; Jhurree, 2005; Lalitha, 2005; Jung, 2005; Bingimlas, 2009). The fact is that exposure to technology changes the thinking patterns of those exposed to it, so in keeping with the title, this paper looks at the concept of ICT, in relation to the current definition of educational technology; the scope of ICT in education vis-a-vis the emerging trend of 21st century education. In doing this, it describes the 21st century learners, pedagogical skills, and the need for teachers to align both to promote 'learning to leam skills' for lifelong and life wide learning. It also discusses constructivist approach to teaching and learning using systems approach as a springboard for ICT integration into teaching and learning. The paper also delves into factors that work together to facilitate ICT integration into education as means of coming to terms with the paradigm shift, and what it takes to make ICT integration in education successful.DEFINITION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYInformation and Communication Technology (ICT) is widely viewed as a means of effecting global changes , which can translate directly to increased growth in all dimension of human endeavor. Tinio (2009:4) defines ICT as a 'diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information.' These technologies include hardware devices, software applications, Internet connectivity, broadcasting technologies, and telephony.Previously, it was called Information Technology (IT) but when communication element is added, it becomes ICT. This suggests the emphasis on the growing importance of communication aspect of the new technologies (UNESCO Bangkok, 2003; Hooker, 2009). However, a definition of ICT for teaching and learning that emphasizes both information technologies and communication technologies is offered by Moursund (2003 online) as:ICT includes the full range of computer hardware, computer software, and telecommunications facilities. Thus it includes computer devices ranging from hand held calculators to multimillion worth super computers. It includes the full range of display and projections devices used to view computer output. It includes the local area networks and wide area network that allow computer systems and people to communicate with each other. It includes digital cameras, computer games, CDs, DVDs, cell telephones, telecommunication satellites, and fiber optics. It includes computerized machinery and computerized robots.This current trend and issues in ICT in education may have informed the revised definition of the concept of Educational Technology; shifting the focus to facilitating learning and improving performance, using both formal and informal setting. …


Interaction Design and Children (IDC) as an academic field, and as a community, has a responsibility to engage with the many and diverse ethical challenges that arise from work that concerns the creation of digital technology for and with children -- both in terms of research and industry contexts. This panel builds on a short history of similar events at previous conferences and aims to foster and strengthen the debate about ethical conduct and moral responsibilities in IDC. In this year's panel, we seek to broaden the discussion by collecting ethical concerns, issues or dilemmas from within the community to be discussed at the conference. To this end, we will issue an open call for input that will be publicised via the usual channels. The organisers then will synthesise the responses and facilitate the discussion and debate at the panel.


Freund et al. introduced a framework of general sequential grammars. We study several aspects of this framework: (1) How to discuss accepting versus generating grammars in a general fashion. (2) How to integrate graph control within this framework. (3) We provide different multiset grammars as examples of this framework, leading us (for instance) to Petri nets and register machines. (4) We discuss insertion-deletion systems as yet another example, also combined with the other three already mentioned aspects.


The utility model discloses a detachable tourniquet for children. The detachable tourniquet comprises a bleeding stop component and fixing bands connected to the two ends of the bleeding stop component. The bleeding stop component comprises a rectangular plate, a pressing plate, a bag, a bleeding stop paster, a pressure sensor, a data processor, a pressure display screen, a screw rod and a fastening handheld portion. The two ends of the rectangular plate are respectively provided with a hook. A round through hole is formed in the center of the rectangular plate. The inside of the screw rod is of a hollow structure. The data processor is arranged in the screw rod. The screw rod penetrates through the through hole, and the first end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the first surface of the pressing plate. The bleeding stop paster adheres to the surface of the bag. The screw rod is sleeved with the fastening handheld portion. The pressure display screen is detachably connected with the second end of the screw rod. The pressure sensor is arranged between the bag and the pressing plate and connected with the pressure display screen through the data processor.


Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder,and its incidence is closely related to the immune system of our body to a large extent.Thymectomy is an important treatment for myasthenia gravis.In recent years,video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy is gradually being recognized and utilized at clinical therapy.Video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy has the superiority of less trauma,less suffering and quicker recovery,etc,and hence the operative way and long-term effect of it become clinical research focus.


Objective To recognize the epidemiology situation of child maltreatment among 0~17year-old children in China,and provide advices and potential solutions for child maltreatment prevention policies. Methods Domestic and internatiaonl literatures about child maltreatment from 1992 to 2012were searched to collect comprehensive valuable and representative data in China.Evaluation tools were developed according to GRADE method to assess the quality and content of the literatures. Results 84 related literatures were screened out.11 focusd on physical abuse,3focused on emotional abuse,15 focused on sex abuse and 12 focusd on neglect.The others reported different kinds of abuse at the same time.1)Physical abuse:Incidences of physical abuse were 41.2%to 67.3%in urban areas and 32.4%to 39.4%in rural areas.Measuring instruments of physical abuse used in different studies were inconsistent.2)Emotional abuse:Since there was no unified measurement of emotional abuse,results showed variety of emotional abuse incidences(10.6%-67.1%).3)Sexual abuse:Most researches focusd on sexual abuse before 16 years old used a retrospective survey method.The incidences of sexual abuse were around 10.2%to 23.0%among boys,and around 14.2%to 25.5%among girls.4)Neglect:Chinese researchers had already developed a set of urban and rural applicably Chinese Neglect Scales for different age groups since 1999.The neglect incidences were 22.4%to 32.8%among 3~17year-old urban children,and 53.7%to 54.9%among 0~6year-old rural children;incidence of neglect among rural children age 6and older was not available so far. Conclusion The issue of child maltreatment in China can not be neglected.Research on definition of child maltreatment,survey instruments,and the national level epidemiology are needed.


All over the globe, wireless communication services have enjoyed dramatic growth over the past twenty five years. Mobile communication is that the booming field within the telecommunications trade. The cellular network is that the most prospering mobile communication system, accustomed transmit each voice and knowledge. In this latter, systematic analysis has been taken by using mathematical term for handoff technique, improved handoff techniques are proposed to support mobile internet and call services with quality of service constraints within 4G wireless systems also taken a systematic literature review (SLR) for the mobile communication of frequency reuse in co-channel cellular system and an active study of frequency reuse approaches in 4G networks and introduces the challenges in implementing them in the mentioned networks.


Vitamin B12 and its coenzyme forms are cobalamins (i.e., cobamides, 'complete' with a 5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole nucleotide base), in which the particular corrinoid moiety of the cobinamides is conjugated to α‐ribazole‐3′‐phosphate via a phosphate‐diester group. Aside of being provided with their particular reactivity, required for their functions as organometallic cofactors in B12‐dependent enzymes, the cobalamins also depend upon their specific three‐dimensional buildup, to be able to adapt the unique constitution of 'base‐on' corrinoids by intramolecular Co‐coordination of the nucleotide base. We report rational partial syntheses and detailed spectral analyses of three close cobinamide isomers in their Coα,Coβ‐dicyano forms: of 13‐epicobinamide (also called neocobinamide), of 176(S)‐epicobinamide, and of 176‐isocobinamide. Neocobinamide was obtained under acidic conditions as a degradation product of vitamin B12. 176(S)‐Epicobinamide and 176‐isocobinamide were prepared by condensation of cobyric acid with (2S)‐1‐aminopropan‐2‐ol and with 3‐aminopropan‐1‐ol, respectively. Natural cobinamide represents the corrinoid nucleus produced by proper microbial biosynthesis (as intermediate for the further assembly of the 'complete' corrinoid cofactors) or is required in some microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, as an exogenously supplied unit for further biosynthetic buildup. The three compounds may thus be of use as structural probes for the biosynthetic capacity and tolerance in microorganisms, and (some of them) may serve as substrates as well, for further biosynthetic 'completion' of corrinoid cofactors or their analogues.


According to engineering students and the Resolution of the National Council of Education – Ministry of Education from Brazil (CNE/CES 11 – March 11, 2002), the engineer, to practice engineering, must have skills and competences like: communication; clarity and conciseness; argumentative; self-learning; teamwork; decision making and analyse data among others. Despite this, some of them, are not stimulated during some engineering courses. As a propose to encourage the students to exercise some of them, this work presents a dynamic titled Kitchen Dynamic. This dynamics is based on work groups, which should propose an industrial restaurant menu with main course, soup, salad, garnish, dessert and juice. In the beginning of the first stage of the dynamic, the students of each group receive only one information about every available item (calories, costs, acceptance and time-difficulty to make it) for proposing and presenting their menu. After that the moderator clarifies the similarity between the Kitchen Dynamic and organizational structure of industry. Finally the moderator encourages the students to discuss about that. In the second stage of the dynamic, the groups are mixed, for that every new group have at least one student from every groups of first stage. At the end of this stage the groups present their menu and a new round of discussions takes place. The results, obtained by feedback from the students soon after the dynamic, showed that the Kitchen Dynamic stimulated their participation reflection and discussions of the results, what is important to the students develop skills and competences needed to engineers.


The diets of gurnards Aspitrigla cuculus and Eutrigla gurnardus, lesser-spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula and whiting Merlangius merlangus were examined to determine whether they migrated into recently trawled areas to feed on animals that may be damaged or dislodged by the action of a 4 m beam trawl. Gurnards and whiting increased their intake of prey after an area had been fished. In particular, they increased the proportion of the amphipod Ampelisca spinipes in their diets. Beam trawling damaged the purple burrowing heart urchin Spatanguspurpureus, scallop Aequipecten operculans, Ensisspp. and Laevocardium sp., exposing internal tissues which were then eaten by whit- ing. Some mobile invertebrate scavengers, such as Pandalusspp., only occurred in diets after the area had been fished, suggesting that these animals were also scavenging over the trawl tracks. Observa- tions of the seabed using a side-scan sonar revealed a greater concentration of fish marks around the trawl tracks than in adjacent unfished areas. Our results indicate that fish rapidly migrate into beam trawled areas to feed on benthic animals whlch have been either damaged or disturbed by fishing or on scavenging invertebrates. In areas where certain benthic communities occur, beam trawling inten- sity may be such that it creates a significant food resource for opportunistic fish species. This is a possi- ble mechanism whereby long-term community structure could be altered by fishing activity.


Experimental data are presented showing that, for light ions such as carbon at low energies up to a few tens of MeV, a pulse-height-defect appears in silicon surface barrier detectors if the detector is under large enough ion fluences. This effect, apparently related to the onset of radiation damage of the detector, shows an S-type behaviour with the fluence above threshold.


Applications for use in an office environment are often very difficult to implement and/or prototype. One reason for such difficulty is the unavailability of an appropriate specification methodology through which an office analyst can specify the functional behavior of office applications at a high-level of abstraction and in a non-procedural fashion to the implementors. As a result, a great deal of effort, time, and money is often spent on "re-inventing the wheel" whenever a new office system concept is to be developed and/or prototyped. In this paper, we address the above problem by introducing a formal specification methodology, called ABSL, to be used for the specification of applications for offices. In this new methodology, which is based on the actor model, every office entity is uniformly viewed as an active computing component, or an active object. Each active object is viewed as a self-contained entity that models a logical or physical component appearing in an office environment. An example is provided to show the expressiveness of ABSL. Plans for future research in this area are given at the end of paper.


Fourth generation (4G) cellular systems have been nowadays rolled out already in several countries in the world. With networks open to commercial use, one of the key issues is how the quality perceived by the user is influenced by multipath propagation, like it may happen in indoor locations or in any kind of places where electromagnetic waves are partially reflected by walls and other objects. In order to verify this, the signal of a real 4G base station connected to the real radio access network of Telecom Italia has been transmitted into a reverberation chamber where a client was running FTPs using a 4G capable USB dongle as a modem. This paper describe the tests that have been performed and focus on how changes in propagation conditions affected the performances perceived by the user.


In the absence of effective and safe treatment of Kala-azar (VL) a most devastating parasitic disease caused by Leishmania donovani a need for the search of antileishmanial from natural resources, in common use, is imperative. Recently, a comparative in vitro antileishmanial activity of methanolic extract of two landraces of Piper betleBangla Mahoba (PB-BMM) and Kapoori Vellaikodi (PB-KVM) has been reported. Herein, the putative pathway responsible for death induced by the effective extract of PB-BMM in promastigotes as well as intracellular amastigotes form of L. donovani was assessed using various biochemical approaches. It was observed that PB-BM is capable of selectively inhibiting both the stages of Leishmania parasites by accelerating apoptotic events by generation of ROS targeting mitochondrion without any cytotoxicity to macrophages. Study was extended to reason out the presence/absence of activity in PB-BMM and PB-KVM on the basis of differences in essential oil composition present in methanolic extract assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectra. The essential oil from PBBM was found to be rich in eugenol as compared to PB-KV. The antileishmanial efficacy of PBBMM mediated through apoptosis is probably due to the higher content of eugenol in active landrace. This observation emphasizes the need of extending the studies related to traditional medicines from bioactive plants below species to gender/landrace level for better efficacy and reproducibility.


Abstract This paper presents an analysis of media reports of Australian women in mine management. It argues that a dominant storyline in the texts is one of gender change; in fact, a 'feminine revolution' is said to have occurred in the mining industry and corporate Australia more generally. Despite this celebratory and transformative discourse the female mine managers interviewed in the media texts seek to distance themselves from women/female identity/femininity and take up a script of gender neutrality. It is demonstrated, however, that this script is saturated with the assumptions and definitions of managerial masculinity.


The Photovoltaic (PV) based distributed generators largely depend on the amount of solar power received during day time. The intermittent nature of solar insolation makes the grid-connected PV inverters to be underutilized during the day time and completely unutilized during night time. This paper presents a PLL-Iess PV inverter control strategy in which the entire inverter capacity is used as STATCOM during night time and supplies the real power requirements during the day time. The control strategy is developed to sustain voltage sag/swell conditions and regulating the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC). The mathematical modeling and MATLAB/SIMULINK based simulations are presented under variable insolation and temperature as well as voltage sag and swell conditions to validate the proposed concept.


This paper describes a general method to drastically improve the dispersity of oleic acid stabilized nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. We use oleic acid stabilized monodisperse nanoparticles of iron oxides and silver as model systems, and have modified the surface properties of these nanoparticles through the formation of an inclusion complex between surface-bound surfactant molecules and α-cyclodextrin (α-CD). After the modification, the nanoparticles of both iron oxide and Ag can transfer from hydrophobic solvents, such as hexane, to α-CD aqueous phase. The efficiency of the phase transfer to the aqueous solutions depends on the initial α-CD concentration. The α-CD/oleic acid complex stabilized nanoparticles can be stable for long periods of time in aqueous phase under ambient atmospheric conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet−visible (UV−vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and colorimetric methods have been used in the characterization of these...


Lots of high arch dam have the characteristics of "High head, Large discharge and Narrow river valley", therefore, the security researches of energy dissipation were always the focus in these hydro-projects. Statistically, the trajectory type energy dissipation is the most widely used in the built high arch dams, and the water plunge poor were always set downstream the dam body. However, the widely used protected plunge poor need large investment with the disadvantage of complicated operation and maintenance. Along with the construction of concrete high arch dam in the Southwest China, the river overburden and water cushion were deep in dam site, which is becoming a new characteristic of these hydro-projects. Accordingly, the deep water cushion can be used for the energy dissipation design, such as the "Reventment-Protected and Non-Bottom-Protected Plunge Pool", which has the advantage of more simplified project design and more economy investment.


This article is the result of a recent review of religious defamation in Indonesia is increasingly occurring, although this problem is not a new thing that not only happens in Indonesia but also in the world. Mass deployment and demonstrations are usually used to drag off offenders. It seems that this phenomenon is only approached from the perspective of positive law only and ignores the socio-cultural aspects that lie behind it. Especially in Indonesia, the actual blasphemy event did not happen suddenly. What often comes to the surface is a political issue but it also involves inability to interpret religious and cultural differences. The situation sometimes becomes complex because of the increasingly massive influence of social media. Analysis of social and cultural sciences shows that the need for multicultural education, awareness of pluralism, and cultural literacy. Internalization of this solution should be a habit that is trained in social life considering that this nation is rich with religious, ethnic, and linguistic diversity.


Big data conventionally coins large volume of data that continuously increases in a real-time basis and difficult to store, retrieve, and process in traditional database techniques. But it is necessary to know that big data is unstructured and does not follow the conventional storage retrieval methods. The challenges are to store in a cloud, process, and develop meaningful form so that it is useful to the businesses, government, and customers. This paper discusses the current challenges to store, retrieve, process, and implement security requirements, and possible solutions. We further provide the security model in a dynamic cloud environment to store, process and retrieve the data.


Small-angle X-ray scattering results are presented for a number of liquid alloys of the Na-K system. The analysis in terms of the concentration-fluctuation structure factor SCC(0) proves to be rather cumbersome and is considered in some detail. There are distinct indications that concentration fluctuations occur in the liquid. Comparisons with the related Na-Cs system are made throughout. Some simple theoretical models are considered and comparison with thermodynamic data has been made.


poachers to gamekeepers in 1557, when they were allowed to settle in Macao in return for helping to keep the Pearl River Delta clear of local pirates. More dangerous and obstructive were the Japanese Wako, or "dwarf robbers" who ravaged the China coast, often in collaboration with local bandits, until the improved Chinese coastal defences and coastguard fleets got the better of them. The protagonist in this naval and military reorganization was the innovative General Ch'i Chi-kuang (floruit 1528-87), who also made use of Portuguese-type breech-loading cannon called fo-lang-chi (from Feringhi, Franks), which are discussed and illustrated on pp. 369-90. Incidentally, readers who wish to know more about this innovative general, may be referred to Ray Huang's seminal study, 1587: A Year of no Significance: The Ming Dynasty in Decline (Yale University Press, 1981), chapter 6, "Ch'i Chi-kuang, the lonely general." Needham and his collaborators devote much space to the developments of the fire-lance and the rocket. Rockets had become commonplace since +1200, both in peace and war, through the Southern Sung, the Yuan and the Ming, indeed down to the late Ch'ing, when they appeared in action against the foreign invaders in the Opium Wars. This book focuses in detail on many developments which occurred in those centuries. First, there were several types of multiple rocket-arrow launchers, designed so that a single fuse would ignite and despatch more than fifty projectiles. Later on, these were mounted in wheelbarrows, so that whole batteries could be trundled into action-positions like regular artillery in modern times. Even more interesting were the rockets provided with wings, and carrying a bomb with a bird-like shape; early attempts to give some aerodynamic stability to the missile's flight, prefiguring the fins and wings of modern rocket vehicles. Just as the Chinese had invented the rocket itself, so it was natural that they should be the first to construct large two-stage rockets; propulsion motors ignited in successive stages, and releasing automatically towards the end of the trajectory a swarm of rocket-arrows to harass the enemy's troop concentrations. This was a cardinal invention, foreshadowing the Apollo space-craft and the exploration of the extraterrestrial universe. This volume ends with an excursus on the travel of gunpowder from east to west. The authors emphasize that perhaps the most extraordinary fact is that all the stages, from the incendiary uses of the mixture right through to the metal barrel hand-gun or bombard, with the projectile fully occluding the bore, were passed through in China, before Europeans knew of the mixture itself. Probably there were three comings. Roger Bacon by +1260 or so was able to study firecrackers, doubtless brought west by some of his brother friars; and the Arabian military engineers in the Chinese service, must have let Hasan al-Rammah know about bombs and rockets by +1280. Then, within the following twenty years, came the cannon, quite possibly directly overland through Russia. The book is lavishly illustrated with a great variety of plates, including many reproduced from Chinese sources. Its production has been generously subsidized by a variety of patrons, thus enabling it to be published at a very reasonable price, considering the enormous amount of illustrative and textual material reproduced. Anyone who possesses a copy will find it a constant source of stimulation and information.


We report new results on the direct measurement of the associative ionization (AI) cross section in collisions between velocity-selected and spin-oriented Na(3p) atoms. Improvements in the Doppler-shift velocity-selection technique permit measurement over an energy range spanning more than two orders of magnitude from subthermal to suprathermal regions. Spin orientations, parallel and antiparallel, enable determination of the excitation function (velocity dependence of the AI cross section) for the separate singlet and triplet manifolds of Na/sub 2/ states contributing to the AI process.


In spite of every historical era, the Orosies (sash windows) in architecture have made some unique similarities and differences which have sensible influences on architectural ornaments. Diversity of spaces form has caused differences between Orosis in form, for example widespread use of Beam Ceilling in Qajar period has increased use of rectangular format in original frame in these windows. Gereh Sazi (making knot) was basis of formation Orosis in Iran. On the strength of present technology points in accessible historical samples, improvement and employment of skilled implements and modern stuffs have caused to emersion some styles such as Qavare Bori in Zand, and Parcheh Bori in Qajar period, which consequently have enhanced quantity of mass and types of decoration in sash windows in Qajar era. The result of this research is subjects related to its history, technology, proportions of forms and colors, cognition of evolution and development of figure and other aesthetic proprieties. Recognition and introduction of decorative elements, structural and colored proportions between Orosis of these two periods are the main purposes of this research, which can find a way for reviving and dynamism of this art in contemporary architecture.


Thirty six, one day old broiler chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery. They were brooded for 20 days before being placed in layer cages, with a wire floor, at 26-28oC, for a 7 day adaptation period. On day 28, the broilers were transferred into environmentally controlled housing, at 26-28oC, and were subjected to heat stress for 5 hrs, at a temperature of 33±1oC, each day, for 21 days. Fifteen birds were then randomly killed by cervical dislocation for macroscopic and microscopic examination of the urinary system. The results revealed that the ureters in 9 out of 15 broilers showed a sac like expansion. The sacs were filled with urine similar to the bladder seen in mammals. The space in the renal tubular lumen increased in size with an accumulation of water. The kidneys showed generalized hemorrhagic changes especially in the renal papillae and the renal tubular and subrenal capsules. Fatty degeneration could be observed in all the renal tubular epithelium. Leukocytes accumulated in many inflammed areas in the kidneys.


Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of eating disorders among a group of 125 patients presenting for gastric bypass surgery. Prior to surgery they completed a self-report questionnaire to indicate the presence of eating-disordered behaviors—specifically, bingeing, grazing, and purging—and the presence of depression. The results showed a 33.3% prevalence of severe binge eating in this group. Severe binge eating was associated with grazing behavior and depression. Findings suggest that bariatric patients should be carefully assessed for eating disorders prior to surgery so that a comprehensive treatment plan can be implemented to help ensure postsurgical weight loss maintenance.


Joseph Gatt (2000) explains it best: "It is the 'breathing-out of the soul'. During the lesson the pupils only listen to the teacher, who may be teaching in the same tone, then it is as if they only breathe in and have no opportunity to breathe out. They need humor, which the teacher can find in very different places. Therefore the teacher must bring in humor during his lessons and this humor should result from the vitality and momentum of the lesson."


This paper reports on the design of an environmental TAD field package which can have a significant impact on the accuracy and reliability of an environmental monitoring program. Ideally, a field package should protect its TAD(s) from light and moisture, but it should not expose the TAD(s) to elevated temperatures that could increase fading and invalidate calibration factors. Furthermore, a field package must be relatively strong and tamper-proof, while at the same time maintaining an open, unshielded configuration to minimize attenuation of incident radiation. These conflicting goals - protection without interference - can be satisfied with the improved field package design described her. This package has been tested with considerable success at the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, and a U.S. Patent Application has been filed in preparation for marketing the package as a commercial product.


Gradually, digitalization and the Web have become an important part of tourism products. This development has been unnoticeable, but undeniable. Active customers are, via the Web, co-creating and participating in the product development of tourism destinations, especially in the form of brand development. In fact, it is possible to attribute the current development of new tourism destinations to peer production or "crowdsourcing." This study focuses on the role Web-based platforms play in destination brand development, using the examples of two seemingly nearly similar Christmas tourism destinations as case studies: Santa Claus, Indiana, and Santa Claus Village, Rovaniemi. The study highlights the contribution this kind of customer-oriented digitalization makes to creating a competitive advantage, even a sustainable one, for tourism products with theoretical connections to a resource-based view RBV. In digitalization, the role of the consumer as a "prosumer," and potentially as a part of an organization's resources in a sense of RBV, is a fresh and challenging perspective that this study will introduce.


Primary leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare sarcomas, none of which have been described in literature during a third-trimester pregnancy. Here, we describe the complex care of a patient at 30 weeks of gestation who presented to her obstetrician with shortness of breath and lower extremity swelling. She was found to have a 5.0 × 5.0 × 13 cm heterogeneous mass of her IVC, ultimately diagnosed as a leiomyosarcoma. She underwent a cesarean delivery under combined spinal epidural and a subsequent tumor resection and IVC reconstruction requiring multidisciplinary surgical and anesthetic care.


Cardiovascular problem is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients under hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease. Increased lipid peroxidation and depletion of chain-breaking antioxidants may be related to increased risk of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress and acute phase inflammation are now defined to be highly prevalent in the hemodialysis patients, and several lines of evidence point to their contribution in atherosclerosis development. Antioxidants have been used as therapies to decrease oxidative stress and improve risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hemodialysis patients. However, plants and fruits antioxidants are reliable ones. Probably, because plants antioxidants are a mixture of several substances with antioxidant activity, which each one supports the other one.


Most of radar apparatus equipped from the 1980s to the early part of this century were mainly manual and hydraulic leveling which were time-consuming and of low leveling precision. Thus, to avoid these problems, this paper attempts to design a leveling mechanism, which is driven by AC servo motor and supported by ball screw with high transmission efficiency and carrying capacity. Meanwhile, a new method of braking and self-locking composed of motor braking and single direction non-return bearing is introduced in the paper. This leveling mechanism with the characteristics of small volume, simple structure and high efficiency is of universality and portability.


A new path integral energy estimator is presented that improves upon the thermodynamic energy estimator via a free particle projection. This centroid thermodynamic estimator significantly reduces the numerical noise of the thermodynamic estimator. The debate as to which estimator is better (virial, centroid virial, or thermodynamic) is partially resolved. The centroid estimators are found to be significantly better than their noncentroid analogues. The new centroid thermodynamic estimator has accuracy close to the centroid virial estimator, and may have particular advantages when derivatives of the potential are expensive to evaluate.


BNPB (The National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure) suggested that there were 3,193 cases of fires in Indonesia from 1815 to 2018. There were 6 cases of fires at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills during the period of 2016 to 2019 which resulted in material loss. The main objective of this study was to investigate and determine the level of fire vulnerability and employee preparedness index at Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills of Makassar.  The methodological approach taken was descriptive by using a survey method. The population were all 38 employees. The sampling technique was total sampling. The samples used in this study were 38 samples. The results indicated that in the aspect knowledge, 38 respondents high category (100%). Attitude, 38 respondents (100%) high category. Disaster preparedness policy, 35 respondents (92.1%) high category, and 3 respondents (7.9%) low category. Resource mobilization, 36 respondents (94.7%) high category, and 2 respondents (5.3%) low category. Disaster warning, 38 respondents (100%) high category.Preparedness plan, 33 respondents (86.8%) high category, and 5 respondents (13.2%) low category.  This research concludes that the level of fire vulnerability at the Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills Makassar City was considered the medium category, while the employee preparedness index was considered in the fair category. The researchers suggest the company to continous socialization related to fire prevention SOPs to all employees. The employees must be able to distinguish signs of the fire warning and increase their knowledge related to fire disasters in the workplace.


Objectives: To observe the effect of integrative medicine treatment on infertile patients with diminished ovarian reserve.Methods: Forty-eight infertile patients of diminished ovarian reserve were treated with integrative medicine from May 2004 to December 2006 in our center.Patients were divided into 3 groups: 16 patients with IVF-ET failure(IVF-ET group),9 patients with premature ovarian failure(POF group) and 23 patients with diminished ovarian reserve(OV↓ group).Yu's follicle replenishing recipe was administered daily for all patients,combined with different dosages of estrogen and mental-physical instructions.Symptoms,basic body temperature(BBT),ovulation rate,pregnancy rate and serum sex hormones levels on cycle day 3 were observed before and after the treatment.Results: During the treatment,symptoms were gratefully relieved in all 48 patients,and the pregnancy rate was 40%.Ovulation rate was significantly increased from 17%(8/48) before treatment to 56 %(27/48) after treatment(P0.01).Levels of serum E2 changed little(P0.05),but serum FSH and FSH/LH reduced significantly(P0.05). Conclusions: The main medicine—Yu's follicle replenishing recipe in the integrative medicine treatment not only increases ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in infertile patients with diminished ovarian reserve,but also helps them to relieve the symptoms.


Public library services are given by local authorities in many countries. In Turkey, although the local authorities have some responsibilities, public library services are generally given by the central government. In order to be able to decide ivhether it is suitable for the local authorities to give public library services in Turkey, we should examine the structure of the local authority ans its stuation in Turkey . In this research, it is concluded that public library services can not be given by the local authorities because of their structural basis in Turkey


This paper analyses the nature and causes of the patterns of inequality and poverty in India. Since the economic liberalization in the early 1990s, the evidence suggests increasing inequality (in both spatial and vertical terms) as well as persistent poverty. The macroeconomic policies possibly responsible for these trends include—fiscal tightening, regressive tax policies and expenditure cuts; financial sector reform that reduced institutional credit flow to small producers and agriculturalists; liberalization of rules for foreign and domestic investment, leading to more regional imbalance and skewed investment patterns, and trade liberalization, which has affected livelihoods and employment generation.


This paper presents a Neural Network model for the design of an Aperture Coupled Microstrip Antenna (ACMSA) for a desired frequency between 1.5 GHz to 8.9 GHz. The results obtained from the proposed method are compared with the results of IE3D and are found to be in good agreement The advantage of the proposed method lies with the fact that the various parameters required for the design of an ACMSA at a particular frequency of interest can be easily extracted without going into the rigorous time consuming, iterative design procedures using a costly software package.