Interestingly, the C-terminus of DOG1 is either absent or not conserved in many plant species. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis, DOG1 transcript is subject to alternative polyadenylation. In line with this, mutants in RNA 3' processing complex display weakened seed dormancy in parallel with defects in DOG1 proximal polyadenylation site selection, suggesting that the short DOG1 transcript, is functional. This is corroborated by the finding that the proximally polyadenylated short DOG1 mRNA is 105 translated in vivo and complements the dog1 mutation. In summary, our findings indicate that the short DOG1 protein isoform produced from the proximally 107 polyadenylated DOG1 mRNA is a key player in the establishment of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis and characterize a set of mutants in RNA 3' processing complex required for production of proximally polyadenylated functional DOG1 transcript. We characterize in and show that the , and is functional as it the dog1 mutant. Demonstrating that alternative polyadenylation


The present invention discloses a die cast structure of an aluminum lower piston pump, comprising a sprue, the runner and the two runner ends positioned as a cavity mirror-symmetrically arranged, each of said cavity is provided with a combustion chamber forming the recess, forming the combustion chamber over the edge of each recess is provided with a top riser. As an improvement of the above-described aspect, the sprue having the structure S-shaped bend. Pumping the present invention is an aluminum die cast lower piston structure, it is possible to improve productivity and reduce production costs: because the combustion chamber is a cast molding with respect to the rough machining, finishing forming not only reduces consumption of aluminum, to improve the aluminum material utilization, but also saves time roughing machining combustion step, thereby improving productivity; cancel filter, reduce the consumption of auxiliary.


Aiming at the transport table,the concepts,which contain the second and the third type of closed rectangular and diagonal transport capacity adjustment were put forward to attain the diagonal transport capacity adjustment algorithm in solving the transport problem with upper bound.At last,list some specific examples in the end of the article.


When Van Dusen catalogues the neglect of the Holy Spirit among Protestants he gains some consolation from the fact that, long ago, Leo XIII had occasion to chide Catholics for their neglect of the Holy Spirit. He cites Diviututt Illtol Af iiiiiis (1897).'' It is obvious that the hopes of Leo XIII were not realized in his own time or indeed in ours. This is in part due to the lack of instruction on the part of priests, and this in turn reflects on the state of our theology of the Holy Spirit. Despite important developments since the time of Leo XIII, it remained that the Holy Spirit, if one may say so without disrespect, was a slow starter at Vatican II; moreover, Vatican II was only a beginning, and Leo XIII's words will still be valid if we do not follow through the inspiration of the Council.


Certain oximes having an α-hydrogen atom were treated with n-butyl-lithium (2 mol.equiv.) to give the 1,4-dianions, which were carbonated and acid-cyclized to give the Δ2-isoxazolin-5-ones.


The role of PR culture in the creation of modern Russian business image characteristics is considered in the article. The author notes that in the modern society social responsibility can be one of the criteria for business social image and its subjects. The author asserts that modern business PR-culture in Russia requires reconstruction.


Computer simulations of the drying of dairy products are now widely used in food engineering research.They enable the underlying mechanismand performance of the drying process to be predicted, which is useful for design retrofits to improve performance or to optimize the operation of existing equipment. Mathematical equations describing momentum, heat and mass transfer coupled with equilibrium and kinetic equations, which usually form a model for a drying operation, are often solved together. In this chapter, a brief description of the principles of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the solution of fluid flows with heat and mass transfer is outlined in the case of spray drying, spray freeze drying and freeze drying. CFD solutions are routinely used to optimize and develop drying equipment as evident in the significant increase in the number of peer-reviewed papers related to CFD applications to drying processes over the years (Figure 9.1). Figure 9.1 shows that the number of papers that specifically analyse freeze and spray-freezing operations using CFD is still relatively small. Current progress and best modelling practices are also reviewed. Finally, future direction and challenges in the modelling of dairy drying are presented.


Indonesia is a rich country, both in natural and cultural resources. Indonesia has many ethnic groups. One of the ethnic groups in Indonesia is the Samin society in Bojonegoro. The purpose of this study is to describe the pattern of parenting applied by the Samin society. The second objective of this study is to describe the way Samin society maintains the culture. The third shapes to explain character in children from childhood. This study uses a research approach with qualitative ethnographic methods. The type of data analysis technique used in this study is Spradley. The stages of this study are first descriptive observation, second dynamic analysis, three focused observations, four taxonomic analyzes, the five theme analysis Findings in this study are 1) Samin society has democratic parenting upbringing that upholds local cultural values, 2) Samin society educating children not only with care provided by parents but also the surrounding environment that supports the formation of children's character, 3) prominent character in the Samin society is honest and responsible. Keywords—parenting culture, character.


Elucidating protein rigidity offers insights about protein conformational changes. An understanding of protein motion can help speed drug development, and provide general insights into the dynamic behaviors of biomolecules. Existing rigidity analysis techniques employ fine-grained, all-atom modeling, which has a costly run-time, particularly for proteins made up of more than 500 residues. In this work, we introduce coarse-grained rigidity analysis, and showcase that it provides flexibility information about a protein that is similar in accuracy to an all-atom modeling approach. We assess the accuracy of the coarse-grained method relative to an all-atom approach via a comparison metric that reasons about the largest rigid clusters of the two methods. The apparent symmetry between the all-atom and coarse-grained methods yields very similar results, but the coarse-grained method routinely exhibits 40% reduced run-times. The CGRAP web server outputs rigid cluster information, and provides data visualization capabilities, including a interactive protein visualizer.


Unscented kalman filter is applied for tracking of a 3-dimensional autonomous aerial target. The noise corrupted measurements are smoothed and at the same time the vehicle's velocity components are found out. Detailed study is carried out in Monte-Carlo simulation. The outputs of the algorithm are compare with that of extended Kalman filter and are useful for releasing weapon on to the target.


This catalogue brings together objects made over seven centuries illustrating them with of 1200 illustrations. It is also a general history of Spanish pottery, and thus includes comparative pieces from other collections to give a fuller picture.


During the course of a serial work of linear oligourethans, oligotrimethyleneurethans, A[O(CH2)3NHCO]nOCH3 (A = acetyl or H) were synthesized up to the pentamer. The synthesis was achieved by the stepwise addition of 3-acetoxypropyl isocyanate with a preceding hydroxy terminated oligomer.

Im Rahmen systematischer Arbeiten uber lineare Oligourethane wurden Oligotrimethylenurethane A[O(CH2)3NHCO]OCH3 (A = Acetyl oder H) bis zum Pentameren hergestellt. Die Synthese erfolgte durch schrittweise Addition von 3-Acetoxypropylisocyanat an ein vorhergehendes Oligomeres mit Hydroxylendgruppe.


Lean Six Sigma is a process improvement practice most commonly used in large scale manufacturing and health care industries to improve performance and efficiency. The goal of Lean Six Sigma is to improve efficiency, consistency, and focus on value added elements. Over the years, Lean Six Sigma has evolved from being primarily a manufacturing practice to serving more service based industries such as healthcare and government. However, Lean Six Sigma has yet to be implemented in the non-profit sector. This technical report outlines the importance of identifying the unique characteristics of the organization you wish to improve and then adapting lean six sigma techniques accordingly. This report will specifically look at the challenges faced by a non-profit organization, GRID Alternatives, and evaluate how Lean Six Sigma techniques can be adapted to improve their warehouse procedures and conditions. ADAPTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION 5 What is Lean Six Sigma? Lean Six Sigma is a methodology that focuses on continuous process improvement. Lean Six Sigma is a combination of Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma. Lean Manufacturing focuses on people involvement, the business philosophy, doing the right thing, creating a more predictable process, and most importantly reducing waste. The eight types of waste in Lean are defects, overproduction, waiting, neglecting resources, transportation, inventory, motion, and extra processing. The goal is to develop "eyes for waste" so that you can recognize and eliminate the unnecessary or non-value added steps in a process. Six Sigma focuses on applied statistics, tools to improve business processes, creating a more capable process, and reducing process variation. Six Sigma really focuses on the numbers, the statistical definition of Six Sigma is striving for a process to be 99.9 percent capable and producing only 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO). Six Sigma is about reducing the number of defects and errors while simultaneously lowering costs, saving time, and improving customer satisfaction. Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma together are much more powerful. Lean Six Sigma is defined as a "well-structured theory based methodology that improves performance, develops effective leadership, customer satisfaction and bottom line results" (Zhang). Lean Six Sigma is very project based and strives for continuous improvement. Lean Six Sigma originally came from manufacturing industries and has now found its way to services. "Lean Six Sigma: A Literature Review" mentions that in addition to manufacturing Lean Six Sigma has also become very common in healthcare, since defects and ADAPTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION 6 errors are even less tolerable in this industry. Lean Six Sigma is not only in healthcare and manufacturing but is also seen in government, the military, and financial services. Literature reveals that Lean Six Sigma is beneficial for different industries with little modifications per industry requirement. In addition, it has been stated that Lean Six Sigma is "equally beneficial for manufacturing or services concerns in large or small scale organizations" (Zhang). These finding come to show how applicable Lean Six Sigma can be in different organizations whether it's based on type of industry or size of the organization. However, it is still suggested to continue research for implementing Lean Six Sigma where financial capability is a hurdle (Zhang), which brings our attention to a specific industry that needs more Lean Six Sigma implementation research: the nonprofit sector. Nonprofit Case Studies Currently, there are very few literary works that examine the implementation of Lean Six Sigma in the nonprofit sector. There is a case study by Chen-Yang Cheng and Pu-Yuan Chang from Tunghai University in Taichung, Taiwan that examined how to implement Lean Six Sigma in a non-profit organization that provided wheelchairs, walkers, and various assistive devices for people with disabilities. Their work is titled "Implementation of the Lean Six Sigma Framework in Non-profit Organisations: A Case Study." Cheng and Chang mention that prior to their case study, which took place in 2012, the Lean Six Sigma process had not yet been applied to non-profit organizations. Their case study demonstrates that they were able to improve efficiency by reducing transfer and delay times, and raising process cycle efficiency by 27% and 28% (Cheng, Chang). However, at the end of their case study, they emphasizes the importance of recognizing the unique characteristics of the non-profit organization you wish to improve stating that it can "provide a reference to improve the ADAPTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION 7 efficiency of non-profit organizations' services." This case study reveals the importance of recognizing the culture and structure of the organization you plan to work with because it can reveal certain queues that may help improve different processes' within the organization. Another relevant literary source is "The Role of Process Improvement in the Nonprofit Organization" by Vikki C. Lassiter, a master student from the University of Pennsylvania. This thesis case study is different from Cheng and Chang's because it focuses on the application of the process improvement concepts in general and then applies those specific principles to nonprofit organizations. Process improvement in general is different from Lean Six Sigma because as Lassiter states Lean Six Sigma methods and tools are "somewhat limiting, since they tend to examine only individual processes rather than integrating these processes into an examination of the complete system at work within an organization." Lassiter looks at process improvement in non-profit organizations as a whole and assesses the understanding of process improvement culture in an organization as well as overall organizational growth. These literary works support the purpose of this technical report demonstrating that there is a need for more Lean Six Sigma case studies in the nonprofit sector. This report also recognizes the importance of paying close attention to the unique characteristics of the nonprofit organization services' and processes because they provide queues and references for not only improving process performance and efficiency but also help in creating a culture of understanding process improvement in the organization. This report is a documentation of the implementation of Lean Six Sigma process improvement tools at GRID Alternatives' Warehouse, and the results and recommendations for adapting Lean Six Sigma for their specific needs. However, first it is important to ADAPTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION 8 understand the type of organization that GRID Alternatives, what makes it unique and some challenges this organization faces. What is a Nonprofit? A non-profit is an organization that has no owner, stockholder or trustee that shares in the profits or losses of the organization. Nonprofits exist not to make revenue but to promote a mission that generally enhances community welfare (Lassiter). GRID Alternatives is a nonprofit solar organization that provide solar electric systems for low income families. The GRID Alternatives' mission is to "make renewable energy technology and training available to underserved communities" (GRID Alternatives). The GRID Alternatives goal is not to make money but to provide a service for low income families. By installing solar, GRID Alternatives is not only reducing our carbon footprint, but is also providing families with energy savings and up to 10 volunteers per install with free solar job training (Non-profit group). Common Nonprofit Challenges Nonprofit organizations are faced with a variety of challenges on a day to day basis. Some of these challenges include a rapidly growing demand for their services, pressures to incorporate a fee for the services being provided, competition from for-profit organizations, and many more that require a consistent evaluation of ongoing organization effectiveness (Lassiter). GRID Alternatives for instance constantly faces all of these challenges. With the changing economy more and more homeowners are meeting the low income requirements and people are seeking job training opportunities. Therefore there is an increasing in demand for GRID Alternatives services. ADAPTING LEAN SIX SIGMA FOR A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION 9 In addition, to the growing demand for their services, GRID Alternatives also faces the pressure of charging a service fee. According to Energy Informative, solar electric systems are not cheap and states that "a residential electric systems cost upwards of thirty thousand dollars" (Non-profit group). In order to help finance the expenses of these solar electric systems GRID Alternatives has made an effort to partner with Third Party Owners (TPOs) to help cover the expenses. GRID Alternatives has also recently incorporated a homeowner contribution fee to help the program continue its efforts. Homeowners are asked to contribute two cents per kilowatt of energy their electric system generates every month. On average a homeowners pay about eight dollars a month to help the program continue its mission to providing energy savings and job training for underserved communities (Non-profit group). Lastly, GRID Alternatives is also facing more and more competition from for-profit solar providers. Today, there are numerous solar company providers that sell and rent residential solar electric systems to homeowners, some of these companies include Solar City, Sun Run, Vivent Solar, and REC Solar. These companies are competitors to GRID Alternatives because they are selling or renting solar to homeowners who may have qualified for their services. To make matters worse, because they are for-profit companies they have more money to spend on marketing and advertising. Therefore, GRID Alternatives struggle


Forster writes clearly, has an eye for telling details, and provides summaries of his argument at the end of each chapter. He has worked archives in Rome, Strasbourg and five German cities and is fully abreast of the best research in German, French and English. He points out where his research diverges from the theories of scholars such as John Bossy and Jean Delumeau as well as from other local studies. There is a good index and bibliography and real footnotes. The two maps need more detail (for instance, Bruchsal, the headquarters of the diocese, appears on neither). More detail on popular religion would have strengthened Forster's argument, but archives are often thin on such material. Still, this is a splendid book from a young scholar.


We propose the Shakespearean-garden approach towards domain ontology construction in this paper. In sum, we suggest that domain lexica can be extracted and obtained for non-standard knowledge backgrounds. Once the comprehensive lexica are collected, a lexical interface between wordnet and our Sinica BOW can be applied. It will allow each lexical item to a conceptual location on Sinica BOW. With the WordNet and SUMO interface, as well as our bilingual correspondence program, each domain lexica can be mapped to a set of SUMO conceptual nodes. These nodes will each be linked to the ontology. We show that the domain ontologies can be constructed directly from synset-ontology pairs, or from the lexical information taken from Wordnet.


A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) band‐pass filter using a cross‐coupled λ/4 resonator with loaded split‐ring resonators (SRRs) is introduced in this letter. The proposed filter exhibits a quasi‐elliptic function response and its circuit size occupies only 12 × 11.8 mm2 (≈0.21λg × 0.20λg). Also, a simple equivalent circuit model is set up. A good agreement between simulations and measurements verify the proposed filter and the validity of design methodology. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1565–1568, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24396


Given the new decentralization legislation in Indonesia, citizen participation is an increasingly important factor in planning and development policies. Yet policymakers have inadequate information about the types of individuals likely to contribute their knowledge, time, and economic resources to the development process. This paper provides a background and conceptual framework for understanding citizen participation in community development as well as the related components of civil society and social capital in Indonesia. A series of logistic and ordinary least squares regression models are used to analyze the effect of individual demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on the likelihood of participation in community development. I conclude that participatory community development (1) restricts women's participation beyond the role of family caretaker, and (2) has a limited capacity to help the poor.


Acromegaly is a clinical syndrome, which is caused by an excess of growth hormone (GH), most commonly secreted from a pituitary solitary adenoma. However, our patient had bilateral GH-secreting pituitary tumors, the incidence of which has been reported in only 1.3 to 1.69% of all acromegalic patients. A 59-year-old female, with no family history of pituitary adenomas, demonstrated an increased level of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and GH not suppressed after 75 g oral glucose loading. On a preoperative MRI, only one pituitary tumor, measuring 1.1 × 0.7 cm, could be observed using sellar MRI. After surgical resection of the tumor, her headache and myalgia were sustained, and the IGF-1 level was still in a high titer. Therefore, a follow-up sellar MRI was taken, and a 0.6 × 0.7 cm sized newly growing pituitary tumor was found on the other side. With a retrospective review of radiological exa minations, the patient was found to have bilateral tumors. The 0.3 cm sized tumor on the left was too small to be detected on the preoperative MRI. As the patient preferred medical treatment after surgery, she was treated with sandostatin analogues. Acromegaly with bilateral GH-secreting pituitary tumors, is a very rare disease, with no previous case having been reported in Korea. Herein, we report the case with a review of the literature (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 21:53~57, 2006).


For the manufacturing of load-bearing carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) made from staple carbon fibres (CF) , statements of the CF fibre length in the composite are essential. However, no suitable fibre length measuring method is currently available for long staple CF over 60 mm. The aim of this study is the development of an effective method for characterization of the fibre length distribution of long staple CF. For this method, a fibre beard specimen is extracted from a sliver manufactured from 80 mm staple CF, which is then scanned. Greyscale values densities (GD) of the individual length classes are determined from the scanned images, which correspond to the number of fibres per length class. From the proportion of all length classes, a span length diagram and staple fibre length diagram can be compiled. The results show the good potential of the method developed for the fibre length measurement of long staple CF.


In 1975, with Decree No. 31, the Federal Military Government of Nigeria established the Public Complaints Commission as the country's ombudsman institution. Charging it with the responsibility for protecting the citizen's rights in the administration, Decree No. 31 was an enabling law to the 1974 report of the Public Service Review Panel instituted by the Military Government in 1974 to appraise and revamp the country's public service. Following Nigeria's return to democratic rule in 1999, the Commission's establishment law became known as the Public Complaints Commission Act, CAP P37 of Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004, which sustains its existence and operation in the present Fourth Republic. Notwithstanding, the Commission's performance has largely remained unsatisfactory for being unable to effectively deliver on its statutory mandate. This conceptual study, therefore, investigates the main factors accounting for the ineffectiveness of the Nigerian ombudsman institution. The study relies on qualitative data generated from secondary sources, which was analyzed using the thematic analysis technique of qualitative data analysis. The work finds that, among other issues, the lack of independence and legal capacity to punish offenders, are the key impediments to the effectiveness of the Commission. The study thus recommends, among other things, the amendment of the Commission's establishment Act to grant the institution independence from the executive and legislative arms of the Nigerian Federal Government and confer on it punitive powers, as workable measures for repositioning the nation's ombudsman institution for improved performance.


The program NeuSDesc was developed at JRC-IRMM as a tool for calculating neutron fluence spectra generated by nuclear ion beams and binary nuclear reactions. The publication describes in detail how to install and use the programme, including theoretical approach and practical examples.


Outlines how to use structured portfolios as a tool in teacher education courses to help students understand the impact a disability has on a child and the family


This study investigated the visual information processing of letters (Japanese characters: Kanas) and numerals. In Experiments 1 and 2, 32 Japanese undergraduate and graduate students participated in a target-classification task. Subjects were required to classify a central target stimulus which was flanked horizontally and symmetrically by two noise stimuli. The reaction time of classifying the target was measured as a function of stimulus type (letters vs. numerals) and noise condition. The results of the two experiments showed the different patterns of noise effects on target classification between letters and numerals. In case of two kinds of Japanese characters: Hiragana and Katakana, the noises influenced stimulus processing stage more than response processing. But on the other hand in case of Arabic and Chinese numerals, the noises influenced only the response processing stage. This finding suggests that the process of identifying letters is different from that of numerals.


This paper describes how teachers employ gaze, head nods and pointing gestures in allocating response turns to students in whole-class instructional interaction. Specifically, it focuses on examining teachers' embodied allocations – that is, turn-allocations produced (mostly) by embodied means – and the sequential positions in which they are performed within the tripartite instructional sequence of IRE. While prior studies have noted their use in classroom interaction, the way in which they are drawn on by teachers has not been examined in detail. By using conversation analysis in conjunction with the study of embodied interaction, this article aims to show how these ephemeral embodied resources become interactionally meaningful for participants in managing speaker change and negotiating participation in multi-party classroom interaction. The findings show how teachers' embodied allocations are contingently produced and sensitively timed in relation to the unfolding interaction and the emerging participation frameworks. They also manifest how teachers occasionally produce embodied allocations simultaneously with talk so that they perform two interactional tasks at the same time, thereby showing a momentary 'division of labour' in operation between the two modalities.


This research aims to understand the effect of brand image and service quality on employee's satisfaction who is involved in the committee or Committee of Work Result Receiver (Panitia Penerima Hasil Pekerjaan - PPHP) in a construction project of civil registration service building in Surakarta, conducted by PT. Karsa Bayu Bangun Perkasa and PT. Surya Bayu Sejahtera, as well as to examine the role of perceived value as mediating variable. We distribute research questionnaires to 30 institution staffs. The data is examined using Structural Equation Model (SEM) to measure the role of corporate brand image and service quality with perceived value as mediating variable on client satisfaction. The result shows that corporate brand image has a significant direct effect on perceived value and client satisfaction, service quality also has a significant direct effect on perceived value and client satisfaction. Perceived value has a significant direct effect on client satisfaction. Meanwhile, corporate brand image has an indirect effect on client satisfaction through perceived value. However, service quality does not have an indirect effect on client satisfaction through perceived value, which means perceived value does not mediate the effect of service quality on client satisfaction.


It has long been known that most sarcomas of the uveal tract contain more or less pigment, but it remained for Ribbert, 1 in 1897, to first maintain that all so-called leucosarcomas were in reality made up exclusively of pigment-bearing stroma cells and their derivitives. He conceives of a species of cell "reversion," by which the normally pigmented chromatophore recurs to its embryonic prototype, and is then later encountered in tumor formation in its successive stages of development, as, namely, the unpigmented, small round cell, the spindle cell (either pigmented or unpigmented), or as the fully developed, branched and pigmented chromato phore differing in no way from its physiologic predecessor. No other type of cell increase, such as that from ordinary connective tissue, vessel endothelium or perithelium, ever produces uveal sarcoma. Sweeping as these statements seem on first consideration, various other writers, and notably Tashiro 2 and Schieck, 3 have


Myelin protein zero (MPZ or P0) is a major transmembrane protein expressed in peripheral compact myelin and functions to glue membranes to form multiple layered membranes characteristic of myelin. Intermembrane adhesion is mediated by homophilic interactions between the extracellular domains (ECDs) of MPZ molecules. Single amino acid substitutions in an ECD cause demyelinating neuropathy, known as Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT); however, the mechanisms by which such substitutions induce the disease are not well understood. To address this issue, we constructed a novel assay to evaluate the membrane-stacking activity of ECD using ECD-immobilized nanodiscs. Using this novel "nanomyelin" system, we found that octameric (8-meric) ECDs with a stacked-rings-like configuration are responsible for membrane adhesion. Two inter-ECD interactions, cis and head-to-head, are essential to constituting the 8-mer and, consequently, to gluing the membranes. This result was further reinforced by the observation that the CMT-related N87H substitution at the cis interface abolished membrane-adhesion activity. In contrast, the CMT-related D32G and E68V variants of ECD retained membrane-stacking activity, whereas their thermal stability was reduced compared to that of the WT. Reduced thermal stability may lead to impairment of the long-term stability of ECD and the layered membranes of myelin.


In order to improve the management level and to promote the transition from the supervision to the project management,the paper has an analysis on the process control and effect in a single engineering project management for a mining area construction.The results showed that the work mode of the project management plus supervision would have higher advantages than lower disadvantages to the non larger project.The work mode could fully play the advantages of the management and supervision work and could eliminate the connection links in the actual operation process between the management organization and the supervision organization,could reduce the work interface within the project management,could have a joint sharing of the resources and could improve the work quality and efficiency.


For well over a decade now local authorities and some independent agencies have been successfully recruiting Black (mainly Afro-Caribbean and Asian) families to care for Black children. Unfortunately very little attention has been paid to how to train and equip these Black families to care for the children placed. Tarzan Almas attempts to fill this gap as far as the preparation and training of Asian carers is concerned.


Victor Grech Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta Abstract Cardiac surgery in Malta started in 1918 with the removal of a bullet from the left ventricle. The second operation took place almost thirty years later with the ligation of a persistent ductus arteriosus. During the next thirty five years close ties with the UK were fostered and Maltese patients were sent there for specialist treatment and surgery. By the early 1980's patients were being investigated in Malta and visiting teams from the UK performed surgery both here and abroad. This expanding service was a prelude to the setting up of a permanent local service, which began operations in 1995.


A musical instrument DIY component, comprising a fixing component (1), a cavity component (2), an intracavity component (3) and a string handle component (4), and also comprising several strings. The cavity component (2) comprises a wooden panel (21), a base plate (22) and a side plate component (23). The intracavity component (3) comprises a wooden jacking force block (31), a bottom force block (32) and a surrounding edge component (33). A musical instrument DIY component and a corresponding assembling method for the musical instrument DIY component can assemble a new musical instrument having functions of a toy musical instrument and a playing musical instrument, which can achieve a melody effect of a conventional playing musical instrument when used as the playing musical instrument, are particularly suitable for rudimentary teaching in the playing of the musical instrument, help a beginner get familiar with the structure of the musical instrument in the assembly process, and greatly improve and develop the beginner's interest in learning.


Ultrasound is used frequently in organic synthesis in recent three decades. Benzanlilide is an important dyepharmaceutical intermediate.Beckmann arrangement of benzophenoneoxime catalyzed by polyphosphoric acid under ultrasonic irradiation is studied, from which benzanlilide could be obtained. The temperature of this reaction is low, and the yield is 80~90%. Mechanism of the reaction under ultrasonic irradiation is also discussed.


Among exegetes, Philippians has been sort of a "Rubik's Cube" of the Pauline literature. Many times it has been twisted, turned, and rearranged as scholars have attempted to make the best sense they could of it. They have sensed that the book has no central theme systematically developed in a logical argument throughout the epistle. "Since the early days of historical critical research, exegetes have had difficulty finding any main theme or a line of argument in Philippians." While there have been exceptions, this difficulty has generated three responses among interpreters. With the exception of Lohmeyer, most interpretations of the epistle can be categorized as follows. First, many commentators hold that because of the emotional and hortatory nature of the letter, no central idea or inner logical coherence is really necessary. Being a personal and friendly letter, Paul skips from one subject to another as various topics come to mind. To anyone reading this epistle as a familiar letter of Paul to a greatly beloved church, intended to inform them concerning his own circumstances, to thank them for their generous care for him, and to give such counsel as his knowledge of their condition might suggest, its informal and unsystematic character and its abrupt transitions from one theme to another will appear entirely natural.


We develop the exact constant of the risk asymptotics in the uniform norm for density estimation. This constant has already been found for nonparametric regression and for signal estimation in Gaussian white noise. H61der classes for arbitrary smoothness index > 0 on the unit interval are considered. The constant involves the value of an optimal recovery problem as in the white noise case, but in addition it depends on the maximum of densities in the function class.


'H NMR spectra of various acid-base complexes of different stoichiometry at 166-120 K in freon mixtures have been obtained. The separate signals of non-equivalent OH-protons, involved in different H-bonds, have allowed us to consider the problem of the mutual influence of these bonds, using a correlation between the Soa chemical shift and the AH H-bond enthalpy. The mutual strengthening of H-bonds in complexes of the AH...AH...B type and their weakening in AH. . *B. ' .HA complexes have been found, the value of the effect being about 1930%


Why do governments maintain the pretence of possible victory in the war on drugs?

The retiring president of the Royal College of Physicians, Sir Ian Gilmore, stated in an email: "Everyone who has looked at this in a serious and sustained way concludes that the present policy of prohibition is not a success." This endorses the recent article in the BMJ …


Objective:To discuss the effect of shuanghuangbu delivery device on the regeneration of the experimental periodontium.Methods:The second incisor and the canine of four beagle dogs were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.Shuanghuangbu was applied to periodontal defect in the experimental group and no disposition to periodontal defect in the control group.The specimens were respectively obtained in one month and three months after operation and then observed.Furthermore,the height of new bone and cementum formation and the length of junctional epithelium were measured in the two groups.Results:The heights of new bone and cementum regeneration in the experimental group were extremely bigger than those in the control group on one month and three months postoperatively ( P 0.05).The length of junctional epithelium of the experimental group were less than that of the control group on one month postoperatively( P 0.05),but there was no significant difference between two groups on three months ( P 0.05).Conclusion:Shuanghuangbu can obviously promote the new bone and cementum formation,restrain the migration of junctional epithelium and enhance the regeneration of periodontal tissue.


This study compares favorably with the others in the present series, both for the insight it furnishes and for the thoroughness of its execution. The salient points of each chapter are simply and tersely summarized. The prejudices of the reviewer lead him to make one suggestion, applicable to this as to many other pieces of research-there should be a brief summary and integration of the findings as a whole, either at the


Editors' tacit knowledge is the implicit and highly personalized knowledge.It is the potential intellectual capital and the resource of journal organization core competence which comes from the editor's long-term practice.Therefore,mining of editors' tacit knowledge and externalization of tacit knowledge are very important for the journal organization.Creating proper implicit education environment,establishing reasonable implicit education system and incentive system are the main mining methods.


The factors leading to post-operative respiratory complications following abdominal surgery are examined. Data relating to a clinical study of laparotomised patients receiving a course of Bisolvomycin in the immediate postoperative period are presented. This treatment led to a marked fall in the incidence of complications, even in a group of subjects with chronic bronchopneumopathy. Its usefulness as systematic management for subjects about to undergo abdominal surgery is urged.


Mandates from state governments are forcing scrutiny of the reading skill needs of students. Attention to survival skills and talk of minimum competency levels must not, however, blind educators to the reading skill needs of students at the other end of the academic ability range. Olson and Ames (1972) sadly proclaim, "It is often stated that the more able readers in secondary schools are those who receive the least amount of the instructional time and are more retarded in reading than any other one group. In most cases, they are retarded not because they are reading below grade level, but because they are reading so far below their capacity level." (p. 221) In a current methods book on the gifted, reading is dealt with on only one page. Even that one statement must be challenged for it says of the gifted student, "Once the basic skills of reading have been learned . . . . his performance on achievement tests, linked to reading, requires no further learning of skills" (Gallagher, 1975; p. 37). A recent study made at the George Mason Junior-Senior High School in Falls Church, Virginia, indicates that gifted students do need a continuing program of reading skills instruction. Located in a suburban community just outside Washington, D. C., George Mason is a small, innovative junior-senior high school that serves 750 students, grades 7-12. The size of the school population makes possible very close monitoring of students' skill development. Every seventh and eighth grader in the George Mason JuniorSenior High School is enrolled in the Reading Lab for a period of at least six weeks. Many ask, "Why? Do your 'good readers' really need reading instruction ? This question would seem especially appropriate, because many seventh and eighth graders in the George Mason population score above 11.0 on the comprehension subtest of the standardized reading test administered in September. Because the reading program for seventh and eighth graders is diagnostic-prescriptive in nature, in addition to the comprehension subtest, students' skills in specific skill areas are also measured. If a student fails in any area to score at the established efficiency level, a deficiency is noted and a prescription follows.


OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and patient-reported outcomes following surgical root coverage at RT1 gingival recession defects at mandibular incisors, using either a conventional Free Gingival Graft (FGG) or a modified FGG (ModFGG).

METHODS
30 patients with RT1 gingival recessions at mandibular incisors were enrolled and randomly allocated to either a control (FGG) or test group (ModFGG). Evaluations of clinical changes (recession depth, height of keratinized tissue) and patient satisfaction were performed over a follow-up period of 12 months. Post-surgical changes of keratinized tissue height (shrinkage) were assessed from 1 month and onwards.

RESULTS
ModFGG resulted in more pronounced root coverage at 1 year compared to FGG (91.8% vs 60.7%, p<0.001). Height of keratinized tissue was improved by 4.2 mm and 2.2 mm (p<0.001), respectively, with significantly less shrinkage in ModFGG. Post-surgical morbidity was significantly lower for ModFGG at 2 weeks and patient satisfaction was significantly higher 12 months after treatment (9.1 vs 5.4; p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
ModFGG represents a valid approach for the management of RT1 recession defects at mandibular incisors. The technique is superior to traditional FGG in terms of root coverage, gain of keratinized tissue height and patient satisfaction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Synchrotron microtomography is a new technique which is capable of elemental, chemical, and structure sensitive imaging in three dimensions at resolutions better than 15 μm. This paper describes the first application of this new technique to the investigation of the morphology and elemental distribution of a supported catalyst. Using this new tool it was possible to obtain three‐dimensional information from regions of the catalyst away from the vicinity of the damaged surface region of the sample. The technique allows the use of both computed tomographic (CT) cross sections as well as the development of a three‐dimensional rendering of elements in a material, each of which allows visualization of different areas that would go unnoticed in normal radiographic or CT investigations.


Abstract. From a proper class of supercompact cardinals, we force and obtain a model in which the proper classes of strongly compact and strong cardinals precisely coincide. In this model, it is the case that no strongly compact cardinal
$\kappa$ is
$2^\kappa = \kappa^+$ supercompact.


By means of enzyme analysis,the effects of pH were studied on the activities of protease,lipase and amylase in the stomach of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and the activities of protease,trypsin,chymotrypsin,lipase and amylase in the intestine.The distribution patterns of fifteen digestive enzymes(acid protease,trypsin,chymotrypsin,carboxypeptidase,aminopeptidase,γ-glutamyltranspeptidase,alkaline phosphatase,amylase,cellulase,maltase,sucrase,lactase,trehalase and cellobiase) in different digestive organs were analyzed in the adult mudskipper(B.pectinirostris).In this study,the intestine was divided into three equal sections from the anterior to the posterior end,which were intestine Ⅰ,intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ.The results showed that the optimum pH for gastric protease,lipase and amylase were 2.5-3.5,6.5 and 5.5;for intestinal protease,lipase and amylase,9.5,7.5 and 6.0-7.5,and for intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin,7.5 and 8.0,respectively.The activities of the fifteen digestive enzymes in stomach and liver were significantly lower than those in the intestine except acid protease and alkaline phosphatase in the stomach(P0.05).The activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin in both of intestine Ⅰ and intestine Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in intestine Ⅱ(P0.05).The activities of carboxypeptidase A in intestine Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in both of intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ(P0.05).And the activities of aminopeptidase,γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in intestine Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in both intestine Ⅰ and intestine Ⅱ(P0.05).However,the activities of lipase were not significantly different among the three intestinal sections(P0.05).The activities of amylase and cellulase in intestine Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in both intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ(P0.05).And the activities of the five disaccharidase(maltase,sucrase,lactase,trehalase and cellobiase) in intestine Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in both intestine Ⅰ and intestine Ⅲ(P0.05).In conclusion,the stomach of adult mudskipper does not play an important role in food digestion,but it has absorptive function.The primary part for starch digestion and absorption is intestine Ⅰ and for disaccharides is intestine Ⅱ,and for absorption of protein,lipid and inorganic salt,etc.,is intestine Ⅲ,respectively.[Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2007,14(1):99-105]


Abstract Severe plastic deformation techniques have been widely used to produce bulk ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline materials. Severe plastic deformation of materials is a complex process that includes both grain refinement via the activities of dislocations and twinning, and grain growth. In this paper, we present a short review on the mechanisms of grain refinement and grain growth induced by severe plastic deformation.


The rely-guarantee approach is a promising way for compositional verification of concurrent reactive systems (CRSs), e.g. concurrent operating systems, interrupt-driven control systems and business process systems. However, specifications using heterogeneous reaction patterns, different abstraction levels, and the complexity of real-world CRSs are still challenging the rely-guarantee approach. This article proposes PiCore, a rely-guarantee reasoning framework for formal specification and verification of CRSs. We design an event specification language supporting complex reaction structures and its rely-guarantee proof system to detach the specification and logic of reactive aspects of CRSs from event behaviours. PiCore parametrizes the language and its rely-guarantee system for event behaviour using a rely-guarantee interface and allows to easily integrate 3rd-party languages via rely-guarantee adapters. By this design, we have successfully integrated two existing languages and their rely-guarantee proof systems without any change of their specification and proofs. PiCore has been applied to two real-world case studies, i.e. formal verification of concurrent memory management in Zephyr RTOS and a verified translation for a standardized Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) to PiCore.


A closer look at a number of researches carried out on the stripping potential of asphalt mixtures shows that there is no global agreement on a comprehensive procedure for evaluation of the moisture sensitivity of these mixtures. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess moisture sensitivity and its interaction with permanent deformation through performing a dynamic creep test on coarse graded and dense graded asphalt mixtures in different environmental and loading conditions, using a UTM25 loading machine. In the next step, test results were interpreted by using a newly developed three-stage creep model. According to the results, the coarse graded mixtures have lower moisture sensitivity and could better resist permanent deformations than the dense graded mixtures. Based on the creep models, low stress levels cannot appropriately show the behavior of asphalt specimens. It was also concluded that, at higher temperatures, asphalt mixtures might become more sensitive to temperature than moisture.


Background: Recent studies implicated that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) plays an important role in cardiovascular disease as a source of various inflammatory mediators with resultant coronary vasomotion abnormalities. In this study, we examined whether inflammatory changes in the PVAT are associated with coronary hyperconstricting responses after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in pigs in vivo. Methods and Results: Everolimus-eluting stents (EES) were randomly implanted in pigs into either the left anterior descending or circumflex coronary artery while non-stented artery was used as a control. At 1 month after the implantation, coronary vasoconstricting responses to intracoronary serotonin (100 μg/kg) were examined by coronary angiography in vivo. Then, stented vessels were harvested for immunohistological study for inflammatory changes in the PVAT at the stent edges. Coronary vasoconstricting responses to serotonin were significantly enhanced at the edges of the EES site as compared with the...


Starting from the notion of hyperbole as rhetoric figure and philosophical concept, my dissertation places Pynchon's and Bolano's maximalist novels in a wider context shaped by the emergence of the Anthropocene as a new historical and geological epoch, by the return of realism in the humanities, by the renewed philosophical interest for ontological and metaphysical questions, by the possibility of a posthumanist phenomenology and by literature's 'anxiety of obsolescence' in a post-literate age. In this context, I examine a variety of literary questions (such as abundance as a modality of uncertainty, the dramaturgy of light and darkness, metaphors, ekphrasis etc.) to reveal the novels' hyperbolic structures that can nevertheless be inscribed within a realist framework. In Pynchon's and Bolano's novels, hyperbolic doubts and linguisticuncertainty punctuate the narrative universes. If these doubts and uncertainties are over and over again vanquished by the adventurous labor of figuration, they are never fully abolished, but form the dark core of literary discourse and, after all, any linguistic act.


It is still an enormous challenge to develop reprocessable polymers with ultrahigh thermal resistance and multiple-shape-memory behavior through a facile strategy. Herein, a new phenylethynyl-termi...


The present study presents an account of the use of past tense forms in the narratives of five-year-old French-speaking children following a French school curriculum in Stockholm.The study is based ...


To the output voltage of the temperature sensor output voltage having a continuously varying characteristics depending on the temperature as an input discloses a voltage controlled oscillator comprising a temperature detector which is the oscillation period is adjusted. Temperature sensor having a characteristic that varies the output voltage is continuously according to the temperature; Self-delay by means of an enable signal according to the refresh mode signal as input to generate the delayed enable signal for driving the temperature sensor; Sample-and-hold (Sample Hold) circuit for holding an output of the temperature sensor; And output the self of the sample and hold circuit and including a voltage-controlled oscillator period controls the refresh mode signal as input. Therefore, according to the present invention, by implementing the voltage controlled oscillator output voltage and the output voltage of the temperature detector and the temperature detector having a continuously changing characteristics as the input frequency period is adjusted in accordance with temperature by increasing suitably the refresh interval of the dynamic random access memory It can minimize the refresh mode current consumption - a self-DRAM.


In this paper, we study the dynamics of the geometrically finite rational functions. By the theory of Markov partitions and the conformal iterated function system, we obtain the property of the Julia set of the geometrically finite rational functions. We prove that if the Julia set is connected, then the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set equals 1 if and only if the Julia set is an arc of a circle or a straight line.


Existing research shows that a strategy based on the 52-week high prices of individual stocks explains momentum and is able to forecast returns. Given that the momentum strategy based on international market indices is also known to be profitable, we investigate the profitability of the 52-week high strategy for both developed and emerging market indices. In each case, we find that the momentum strategy is significantly more profitable than the corresponding 52-week high strategy. In general, our results indicate that the 52-week high effect is not as reliable or as robust as the momentum effect.


We propose a computational depth conversion technique for displaying orthoscopic 3-D real images in integral imaging. In the proposed technique, depth-converted elemental image array is obtained through smart pixel mapping process and image interpolation technique.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of ownership concentration and firm size on value relevance of two accounting variables, earnings and book value, given by firms listed in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) in Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2009. Using pooled cross-sectional data regressions, the study finds that the value relevance of earnings and book value is below average. The value relevance of ownership concentrated firms is higher than that of ownership non-concentrated firms. Further, the two variables show higher value relevance for larger firms than for smaller firms. Contrary to the previous findings of the author, the study finds that book value is more value relevant than the earnings in Sri Lanka.


Indonesia is still struggling against the Corona virus to date, the number of cases of the Corona virus continues to grow with several reports of recovery, but not a few who died. This PKM activity was carried out in Central Java province which included 10 provinces with the most cases of COVID-19. This PKM activity is precisely carried out in Kalitorong village, Randudongkal sub-district, Pemalang, Central Java, Indonesia. The problem that will be solved in this activity is how to break the distribution chain of COVID-19. The method that will be used in this community service is through online counseling, discussion and simulation activities, with materials to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and Hand Sanitizer Product Design. The result is to look at the results of the questionnaire respondents who are very understanding 11 people or 45.83%, understand 12 people or 50%, lack of understanding 1 person or 4.17%, meaning that respondents can make hand sanitizer products and can be developed as business products and as a prevention of the spread of Covid-19. Keywords: Product Design, Hand Sanitizer, Covid-19


Caffeic acid,a kind of common phenolic acid,frequently exists in fruits,grains and traditional Chinese herbs.The various biological activities of caffeic acid derivatives,including antioxidant,anti-bacterial,anti-tumor,hepatoprotection,etc,have aroused widespread concern and research.And new biological activities are constantly being disclosed.Meanwhile,because of their structural diversities,a wide range of chemical synthesis taking caffeic acid derivatives as precursors are being conducting.Thus,this review combining our research aims to summarize the research results on the biological activity and chemical synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives.


Paolo Veronese's painting is analysed from the beginning of his career in Verona and Venice, with particular attention to the decorations he took part during the fifties of XVI Century. His original way of conceiving painting as part of a general antique scenography took him to use colour and classic architecture to recreate the idea of an ancient world as a model for a fascinating capital as Venise in the second half of the Century


If V is an analytic set in a pseudoconvex domain Ω, we show there is always a pseudoconvex domain G ⊆ Ω that contains V and has the property that every bounded holomorphic function on V extends to a bounded holomorphic function on G with the same norm. We find such a G for some particular analytic sets. When Ω is an operhedron we show there is a norm on holomorphic functions on V that can always be preserved by extensions to Ω.


With the proposal of rural revitalization strategy, rural governance is a solid step in the realization of China's national governance system and governance capacity, which is related to the development of rural economy. Xinxiangxian's participation in modern rural governance has profound historical, social and cultural roots. As a backbone of rural governance, Xinxiangxian has carried out different practices in many areas at home and abroad, and has achieved outstanding results. However, in the face of the large outflow of rural population, limited conditions for rural development and imperfect laws and regulations, this paper proposes feasibility studies to strengthen rural attractiveness, strengthen policy support and improve the legal system to better guarantee, so as to better ensure that Xinxiangxian participate in rural governance work and contribute to the realization of rural revitalization.


The article presents a comparative analysis of the efficiency of allogeneic progenitor cells with different biological carriers for preparation of extensive traumatic wounds to autodermoplasty. As carriers were selected dermal matrix and collagen first type of human. The article presents the results of treatment of 43 patients. Based on these data the effectiveness of the combination of allogeneic progenitor cells and dermal matrix is demonstrated. This combination reduces the incidence of purulent complications and reduce the time of prepare wounds for autodermoplasty.


Constraints placed on physics beyond the Standard Model from the recent CLEO observation of the inclusive decay B {yields} X{sub s}{gamma} are summarized. Further searches for new physics using the process B {yields} X{sub s}l{sup +}l{sup {minus}} are discussed.


Controlling inputs and process to improve a system result is a widely known concept but not taken into practice with effectiveness on assembly operations. This lack of effectiveness is a source of variation that affects the output. The study case, based on a vehicle assembly plant, shows, in practice, how identifying and controlling system inputs has a relevant impact on end product quality and how this concept can be integrated to the assembly plant management model.


We present a novel technique for separation of doctor and patient's speech in conversations over a telemedicine network. The mixed speech signals acquired at doctor's site is first broken into single talkers' speech segments and background by using thresholds of energy and duration. The speech segments are then identified as spoken by doctor or patient in two steps. In the first step, Gaussian mixture models (GMM) of doctor and patient are used, where the doctor's model is obtained from his/her training speech, and the patient's model is initialized by a general speaker model and then adapted by the patient's speech. In the second step, a decision tree that uses contextual and confidence features is applied to refine the identification results. Preliminary experiments were performed on three data sets collected in telemedicine. Without adaptation and decision tree, error rates at the segment-level and frame-level were 25.44% and 16.53%, respectively. With adaptation, segment and frame error rates were reduced to 13.11% and 7.85%, and with decision tree, the error rates were further reduced to 10.48% and 6.73%, respectively.


This study sought to identify child and parent characteristics differentiating children with recurrent abdominal pain seen by a pediatrician (RAP-Peds) from those seen by a gastroenterologist (RAP-GI). Children (7–10 years) and mothers in three groups (RAP-GI, RAP-Peds, and Controls) completed mother and child reports of child's functional disability, internalizing symptoms, and somatic complaints, and mother report of her anxiety and somatization. Child report did not differentiate groups. RAP mothers were more likely than Control mothers to focus on somatic complaints in themselves and their children. Mother report of child disability was strongly related to tertiary care for child's recurrent abdominal pain.


In order to improve the runtime efficiency of dynamic storage management for embedded system and to bound the time spending, a method of recombination-delay is presented based on the classic buddy system, fragmentation collection, and bitmap mechanism. Simulation experiments show that this new mechanism has better runtime efficiency.


The reader interested in a comprehensive review of the literature on attitudes will be disappointed in the book. Often the reader is referred elsewhere for further details; sometimes he is asked to take the author's evaluation (and given reference to the original literature). The author does, in recompense, give a useful and briefly annotated bibliography. Two references in the area of measurement are particularly noteworthy (and heavily relied upon by Lemon). They are S. W. Cook and C. Selltiz, 'A Multiple Indicator Approach to Attitude Measurement', Psychological Bulletin, 62, 1964, 36-55, and W. A. Scott, 'Attitude Measurement', in J. Lindzey and E. Aronson (eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (second edition), vol. 2, Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley, 1968. Lemon's book is optimistic. Rather than drawing on the inadequacies of the previous fifty years as a basis for rejection, the author finds considerable hope in recent developments. The outcome is as yet uncertain, but this book documents well the creativity and conflict, as well as the imperfections, of past research.


Zhou Tongbin′s book, HUANG TIAN HOU TU plays a very important part in his whole writing , not only for its land-mark meaning, but also for its profound implication and new forms in his latest-writing. In his writing he has described the peasants′ lives and how they feel about their lives,and this description is very important in both literature and history.


Objective. The current study aims to evaluate the influence of age-related stature on the frequency of body region injury and overall injury severity in children involved in pedestrian versus motor vehicle collisions (PMVCs). Methods. A trauma registry including the coded injuries sustained by 1,590 1- to 15-year-old pedestrian casualties treated at a level-one trauma center was categorized by stature-related age (1–3, 4–6, 7–9, 10–12, and 13–15 years) and body region (head and face, neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvic content, thoracic and lumbar spine, upper extremities, pelvis, and lower extremities). The lower extremity category was further divided into three sub-structures (thigh, leg, and knee). For each age group and body region/sub-structure the proportion of casualties with at least one injury was then determined at given Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) severity levels. In addition, the average and distribution of the Maximum Abbreviated Injury Score (MAIS) and the average Injury Severity Score (ISS) were determined for each age group. The calculated proportions, averages, and distributions were then compared between age groups using appropriate significance tests. Results. The overall outcome showed relatively minor variation between age groups, with the average ± SD MAIS and ISS ranging from 2.3 ± 0.9 to 2.5 ± 1.0 and 8.2 ± 7.2 to 9.4 ± 8.9, respectively. The subjects in the 1- to 3-year-old age group were more likely to sustain injury to the head, face, and torso regions than the older subjects. The frequency of AIS 2+ lower extremity injury was approximately 20% in the 1- to 3-year-old group, but was twice as high in the 4- to 12-years age range and 2.5 times as high in the oldest age group. The frequency of femur fracture increased from 10% in the youngest group to 26% in the 4- to 6-year-old group and then declined to 14% in the 10- to 15-years age range. The frequency of tibia/fibula fracture increased monotonically with group age from 8% in the 1- to 3-year-old group to 31% in the 13- to 15-year-old group. Conclusions. While the overall outcome of child pedestrian casualties appears to be relatively constant across the pediatric stature range considered (∼74–170 cm), subject height seems to affect the frequency of injury to individual body regions, including the thorax and lower extremities. This suggests that vehicle safety designers need not only account for the difference in injury patterns between adult and pediatric pedestrian casualties, but also for the variation within the pediatric group.


Thalassemia is hereditary disease characterized by impaired production of the normal globin peptide. Beta-thalassemia, a common disorder in Central Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia, has been rarely reported in Korea. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypochromic, microcytic anemia. The genetic subtypes among the different ethnic groups vary; this may pose challenges in prenatal diagnosis or genetic counselling. During pregnancy, women with thalassemia will often show more significant anemia. Recently we have experienced Korean pregnant woman with beta-thalassemia associated with anemia. We describe this case with a brief review of the literature.


Abstract : In today's constrained budget environment, Air Mobility Command struggles with striking the right balance in the mobility force structure. There is political pressure to maintain the status quo, but financial constraints promote downsizing the number of tactical airlift aircraft in the inventory. There must be a dependable way to determine the amount of intra-theater airlift that is required for the force while ensuring assets are in place to provide it. This research explores an under researched area of study in the Mobility Air Force; namely, what are the actual requirements for intra-theater airlift in a sustained conflict. To achieve this, the researcher applied a backward linear regression analysis to a dataset obtained from an Air Mobility Command database and one from the USCENTCOM Theater of operations. Six years of data were compared to the number of people deployed to the Middle East region and other variables. The researcher attempted to determine what the most influential factors are in the demand for airlift and how those requirements change based on the number of personnel deployed to an Area of Operations. Prediction equations with high correlation coefficients were developed from the datasets and individual variables were examined to determine their effect.


A simple general method for overcoming singularities in the Levinson (and Schur) recursions for Toeplitz systems is presented. It is based on a generalization of the conventional three-term recursion for polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle: the scalar coefficients of the conventional three-term recursion are replaced by polynomial coefficients whose degree is determined by the depth of singularity. The depth of the singularity is related to the number of additional zero elements that occur in the Schur recursion. The authors' method also makes it possible to recursively determine the inertia of a Hermitian Toeplitz matrix.<<ETX>>


Views on the current state of the world energy sector are given. They are based on an analysis of Russian and foreign publications and the materials of governmental and nongovernmental economic and scientific and technical organizations such as the Committee of the United Nations for Renewable Energy and Energy for Development, the World Energy Council, the International Energy Agency, the General Energy Management of the European Commission, the Committee for Stable Energy of the European Economic Commission of the United Nations, and others, with account taken of the author's calculations. An appraisal is made of future energy development in the world.


Purpose: To research how conceptions of gender are mirrored in the preschool's practices and how the preschool teachers treat the children in relation to the conception of gender and age.Questions ...


Provided is a traffic signal timing optimization method based on principal component analysis and a local search improvement orthogonality genetic algorithm. The algorithm is provided by analyzing internal relation among the genetic algorithm, image processing and mode recognition and can be used for solving various function optimization problems. By means of the algorithm, an improvement orthogonality cross operator based on principal component analysis is provided. The operator first conducts PCA projection on the population before cross, individual length is reduced during cross, orthogonal cross operation is implemented on the projection area, the projection is projected to the original space after cross, redundant individual number and calculation expenses caused by redundancy are reduced, algorithm convergence speed is further improved, and the local search strategy is further introduced. The algorithm is applied to single-crossing signal timing optimization. By means of testing comparison with the existing algorithm, the method improves algorithm generality and efficiency, effective timing time is acquired, and the number of the queuing vehicles in front of a crossing is reduced.


The process of revival of spiritual and national culture puts forward new requirements for the professional training of artistic and pedagogical staff, including choreographers, the development of their professional competencies, creative abilities and the use of new technologies in teaching children and youth the art of dance. The use of project technologies as a form of organization of the educational art process helps to create conditions for self-knowledge, self-realization and reflection of students, providing opportunities to find themselves, to stand on the path of independent productive action, which improves the quality of self-education. thinking, enrichment of the empathic-sensory sphere of the student, independence of students in solving creative tasks, intellectualization of the educational artistic process.The special course "Project technologies in the professional activity of a choreographer" is aimed at the ability to think in choreographic images and create countless different dance compositions, to feel and reproduce various movements, gestures, poses, people of different characters, to have excellent memory and keen eyesight. errors in the mass of dancers. In the process of the special course each direction of choreography, its features, inherent in the national environment and nationality of the performer are considered.The requirements for the work of the future choreographer based on the use of project technologies in professional activities are outlined. Examining the experience of using a practice-oriented approach to the formation of pedagogical competencies in the future choreographer in the process of professional training, we found that this approach is associated with the creative nature of professional and pedagogical activities of the choreographer.We consider the application of project technologies in the professional activity of future choreographers as one of the optimal components of forming an independent creative position of students in the process of working with educational choreographic groups.


By describing the feature of video after effects and several items of digital film or digital video,the concept of digital special effects and digital film are presented.The digital special effects and digital film design method is explained also.The softwares for digital video making are listed in the end,and their main features are introduced.


Object-oriented software development covers analysis, design and implementation phases[i]; however, unlike the traditional waterfall software life cycle, the distinct boundaries between these phases have been eliminated[2]. A primary reason for this blurring of boundaries is that in each of these phases, we are dealing with objects and their relationships. As numerous issues are involved during the development process, even though artificial boundaries on those three phases are not necessary, there should be some limits or concentrations on some phases. And the resulting process should be less iterative. The top-down nature of current object-oriented analysis and the mainly bottom-up nature of object-oriented design make the system structure more likely to change. In this research, we address these problems by describing an integrated object-oriented development approach. The object-oriented development process is a process of developing relationships between data types and operations, and also relationships among different objects. A relationship or interaction of certain relationships belongs to an abstraction level. Based upon the abstraction levels, we should be able to divide object-oriented development into several development levels. One development level is composed of one or more abstraction levels. In each of these development levels, we concentrate on a few issues. Objects are identified at the beginning of the object-oriented analysis phase, but the decision that implies system class structure should be deferred to a later stage. We introduce a new concept pseudo-object, which is a component of an object. Pseudo-objects are determined by detection of dependent relationships among methods within an object. A pseudo-object is not viewed as an instance of a class. It relates to objects in the design process, but it does not evolve as objects in the design process do. It is more about what to do, rather than how to do it. This addresses the problem associated with the different points of view between analysis and design. We begin to build the system structure by forming objects from pseudo-objects through a composition relationship, that is to create a new class by combining several pseudo-objects or objects, while eliminating old classes that some of these objects belong to. As only one level of objects is involved, this tends to avoid unnecessary levels of system structure. If two objects have some common methods in the sense of action, not necessarily in meaning, we define these two objects to have a sharing relationship. The inheritance relationship is a special case of sharing. By carefully arranging the abstraction levels, the higher levels of abstraction should be language-independent, while the lowest ones should be language-specific. Each development level should produce reusable components. We are separating the issues of system structure and system function in the above approach. This approach may be interfaced with a software base. Then, not only can it retrieve reusable components from the software base in a more straightforward way, but it can also provide more reusable components to the software base. So the process tends to promote reusability. It may be integrated into an overall object-oriented software development life cycle.


We present a simple model of experimental setup for in vitro study of drug release from drug eluting stents and drug propagation in artificial tissue samples representing blood vessels. The model is further reduced using the assumption on vastly different characteristic diffusion times in the stent coating and in the artificial tissue. The model is used to derive a relationship between the times at which the measurements have to be taken for two experimental platforms, with corresponding artificial tissue samples made of different materials with different drug diffusion coefficients, to properly compare the drug release characteristics of drug eluting stents.


I agree with Diehl and Kluender (1989) that perceptual constraints guide the development of sound inventories and of phonological processes in languages. I disagree that these constraints are primary in comparison with other influences on sound inventories, such as articulatory ones. More important, I disagree that any of the evidence that Diehl and Kluender cite, indicates that objects of perception are auditory or acoustic rather than phonetic gestural. None of the evidence is persuasive; all of it is consistent with a view that perceptual objects are gestural. Viewed in a larger context-of a universal theory of perception-a theory that perceptual objects are gestural, whereas acoustic structure serves as information for gestures, is strongly promoted.


Researchers studied the use of minimally invasive robotic surgery for hysterectomy and its risk for complications in the treatment of endometrial cancer in Denmark.


In an attempt to achieve the most effective human resources management, but also in relation to
saving money, the requirements for the measurement of the effectiveness of the financial means
spent on the individual personnel processes are increasing in the firm practice. One of the ways
leading to this 'measurement' is personnel controlling. In our contribution, we put forward a pro-
posal of a concrete methodology, for implementing personnel controlling. Firstly, it is necessary
to carefully consider the way of transforming so called 'soft data', which are difficult to quantify,
into measurable indices. Further, it is necessary to start from the theoretical knowledge available
in the field of human resources management. In the case of personnel evaluation, it is necessary
to conduct an analysis of all known and used methods. New techniques: The Mirror of Agreement
and The Flexibility Matrix – are built upon the basis of such analysis. The submitted methodology
was implemented in a concrete company and within three years the individual tools and procedu-
res were completed. The implementation of personnel controlling in the firm practice is a process
that involves long-term, systematic and intensive teamwork and also strong support from the top
management. Personnel controlling can, in this case, become a fully functional management tool
within two or three years after its implementation. After that, it becomes a very effective and reliable
tool both for the evaluation of the effectiveness of financial means spent and for the consequent
management of the work performance and employees' development. By means of the Flexibility
Matrix it is also possible to manage career advances, identify the needs of training and develop-
ment, but also, if urgently needed, to suggest possible staff rotation. The Flexibility Matrix can be
also used as a significant diagnostic tool in the field of interpersonal relations.


SUMMARY Within the last 10 yr, the US egg industry has grown significantly in the use of alternative systems of cage-free and free-range egg production to satisfy consumer demands. Despite the increasing popularity among consumers of alternative management methods, very few studies have been conducted in the United States with the objective of comparing rearing parameters and production performance in alternative systems with those of conventional caged housing. Present knowledge regarding pullet growth records and how alternative production methods influence egg productivity and egg quality is severely limited or is based on research conducted in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Thus, it is imperative that pullet-rearing parameters of current strains, as well as their egg production performance, be assessed in alternative management systems, such as a free-range environment, and that they be compared with those of birds in a traditional caged environment. On the basis of the egg production performance measured in this study, caged hens had better overall egg production and quality characteristics compared with free-range hens, including improved FCR, daily egg masses, production of hen-housed and hen-day eggs, and production of grade A eggs; greater Haugh unit ratings; and decreased mortality rates.


I study the optimal architecture of bank supervision in a federal system. A central supervisor gets information about a bank, for instance through stress-testing, and decides whether an on-site examination should be performed by a local or a central authority. Local supervisors have lower inspection costs, but do not internalize cross-border externalities. The optimal degree of centralization depends on the severity of these externalities, the opacity of the supervised bank and the specificity of its assets. The market reacts to the chosen architecture, so that a centralized supervision endogenously increases market integration and cross-border externalities, strengthening the need for centralized supervision. The economy can be trapped in an equilibrium with low supervision and integration, while a forward-looking design of the supervisory architecture would coordinate economic agents on a superior equilibrium.


inscrutable earth explorations into the science of earth is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the inscrutable earth explorations into the science of earth is universally compatible with any devices to read.


www.Nursing2012.com 2.3 ANCC CONTACT HOURS CARDIAC ARRESTS in hospitals are usually preceded by observable signs of deterioration, which often appear 6 to 8 hours before the arrest occurs. Studies suggest many patients exhibit signs and symptoms of medical deterioration that go untreated prior to a cardiac arrest.1-4 Schein et al. found that 84% of patients had documented observations of clinical deterioration or new complaints within 8 hours of cardiopulmonary arrest; in 70% of patients, deterioration of either respiratory or mental function was observed during this time.1 Hodgetts et al. noted that 17% of cardiac arrests occurred in patients who were being cared for in an inappropriate clinical area.5 Cardiac arrest was potentially avoidable in 95% of those patients; in contrast, it was potentially avoidable in 60% of patients cared for in appropriate areas.5 In 2004, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) launched the 100,000 Lives Campaign in an effort to rapidly and dramatically improve patient outcomes. IHI is a not-for-profit organization whose mission is to improve the safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, timeliness, efficiency, and equity of care delivery. IHI identified six Early warning systems


The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been produced by using laser ablation in solution technique, resulting nanoparticles with hexagonal wurtzite structure and the size range of 20 – 50 nm. The optical characterization has predicted the nanoparticles band gap at least 3.16 eV. The ZnO nanoparticles were employed as an antibacterial agent for the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli), and it shows a great potential. Total plate count (TPC) analysis was conducted by applying the ZnO nanoparticles with different concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% (portion of bacteria medium). The 5% concentration could reduce more than half of the E. coli population after 24 hours incubation time. There was no living bacteria detected for 20%, 25% and 30% ZnO concentration.


The article is devoted to the study of issues related to the implementation of organizational change in the activities of modern organizations. It is established that for effective implementation and management of organizational change in the management of organizations it is advisable to use a systematic approach, which involves building a system of organizational change management, which, in turn, involves building a model of organizational change management. The essence of the concept of "organizational change" is considered and the need to form a system of organizational change management is determined. The main components of the organizational change management system are described and their interrelationships are determined. A model of organizational change management system based on the influence of the management subsystem of the organization on the managed by combining mechanisms, methods and tools of management and their interaction in the process of organizational change management. It is established that the implementation of organizational changes in the activities of organizations is facing some resistance from the staff of organizations. It is determined that resistance to change is one of the key points to focus on in the process of implementing organizational change. That is why when building the organizational change management system in the subsystem "organizational change management process" a separate block "resistance to change" was identified. The definition of the concept of "resistance to change" is given and the forms of its manifestation and types are characterized. The essence of individual and organizational resistance to changes on the part of the personnel of the organizations is determined. It is established that personal and organizational barriers are the basis of individual and organizational resistance, as well as their manifestations are characterized. The necessity of development of measures on counteraction to changes on the part of the personnel of the organization in the course of realization of the program of changes is defined and their influence on introduction of organizational changes and on the general efficiency of activity of the organization is characterized.


In a rescue operation of 1965 on the Monte di Vico acropolis of Pithekoussai, Dr G. Buchner excavated a vast deposit of unstratified pottery and other finds, ranging in date from the Middle Bronze Age to early Roman times. At his invitation, the Euboean imports of the 8th cent. BC are presented here. Though fragmentary, they are of considerable importance not only in dating the foundation of the Greek colony, but also in providing the prototypes for the much more numerous colonial imitations in the same deposit, and in the recently published portion of the cemetery.


Radar polarimetry radar interferometry and polarimetric SAR interferometry represent the current culmination in 'microwave remote sensing' technology. Whereas with radar polarimetry, the textural fine-structure, target orientation, symmetries and material constituents can be recovered with considerable improvement above that of standard 'amplitude-only' radar, by implementing 'radar interferometry', the spatial (in depth) structure can be explored. With polarimetric interferometric synthetic aperture, radar (POL-IN-SAR) imaging it is possible to recover such co-registered textural and spatial information from POL-IN-SAR digital image data sets simultaneously, including the extraction of digital elevation maps (DEM) from either polarimetric (scattering matrix) or interferometric (dual antenna) SAR systems.


This paper proposed a contact-force-controlled surface profiler by integrating the output of a LVT (Linear Velocity Transducer) in the inner-loop (to increase the damping) of the control system, so that not only the noise amplification effect due to the differentiator in the PID circuit, but the hysteresis effect of the force actuator could be avoided. A voice coil was applied as a force actuator, and a LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) was applied at outer-loop to measure the surface profile. The maximum contact force between the probe and the sample was sensed by a load cell and limited to a tolerable value by the system, so the sample surface would not be destroyed by the probe. Four kinds of controllers using traditional PID, Ziegler-Nichols-based PID, fuzzy-PID, and neural-fuzzy design methods were applied for comparison. Besides, practical parameter variation (hysteresis effect) of force actuator was considered. Moreover, to investigate the system performance the testing input of the surface profile was generated by combining both FM (with frequency changing from 20 HZ to 20 KHZ according to the specification of voice coil) and AM signals. This kind of surface profile was very practical and not being found in the previous literature. By the results of simulations and practical testing, one can see the intelligent fuzzy-neural system was more robust to the parameter variation of force actuator.


According to the social conception, law is a social phenomenon, not a set of abstract, unhistorical maxims of natural justice. It is linked to concrete conditions of social life – indeed, it reflects an underlying social reality. But legal concepts and categories are not given by society in any automatic way. "Society" is not simply a lot of people (or States) behaving but includes the ideas through which people (and States) look at what they are doing. Therefore the law, too, must bear a connection to those ideas. So, even as it reflects the social context, it also reflects normative views about that context. In other words, law implies an interpretation of what society is like now and what should be done in order to make it better. To enact consumer protection legislation, for example, implies a social theory, an interpretation according to which, unless legislation were enacted, society's natural condition would overrule consumer interests in some unacceptable fashion. So, it should be possible to read the law "backwards" in order to reveal the interpretation which it carries of the world in which we live. In this chapter I propose to do just that. I shall look at international law in order to see what kind of an understanding it mediates of present international society and what type of world order it aims to achieve.


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Valvular heart disease has experienced a remarkable revival of interest since the introduction of transarterial valve implantation (TAVI).1,2 After a difficult start with high-risk patients and initially significant complication rates, outcomes have remarkably improved, and currently equal that of surgical valve replacement, at least in elderly patients with high surgical risk. Nevertheless, it is anticipated that TAVI will be used more and more in lower risk and younger patients in the future.3 This topic is reviewed in the ' The future of transcatheter aortic valve implantation ' by Christian Hamm from the University of Giessen in Germany.4 He reminds us that since the introduction of TAVI, the treatment of aortic stenosis has changed dramatically. While medical therapy with or without balloon aortic valvuloplasty was the only option for inoperable patients in the past, TAVI has become the treatment of choice for these patients. However, surgical aortic valve replacement remains the gold standard for patients at low or intermediate operative risk. As randomized trials have demonstrated comparable results between TAVI and surgical valve replacement in high-risk patients, TAVI is currently evaluated in intermediate-risk patients in randomized trials. Remaining problems are still paravalvular leaks,5 strokes, pacemaker requirements, and durability. Improvements in patient selection, imaging, and next-generation devices have decreased the incidence of such complications, but peri-operative strokes and permanent pacemaker implantation must still be addressed.6,7 Furthermore, questions related to the long-term durability of TAVI prosthesis and optimal antithrombotic management remain unanswered. The task for Heart Teams remains to determine the optimal treatment for each patient based on risk scores, frailty metrics, co-morbidities, patient preference, …

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The papers presents a thought about reducing the maximum overshoot improving the transient response and improve the efficiency at the output of system. By analysis both closed loop and open loop control system with the some particular example. We have also described the use MATLAB simulation of in PID controller. According to the simulation and generates formulas & on these base with conclusion that the PID controller truly improving the transient response & eliminate erro r of the system. Keyword: PID controller, MATLAB, Simulation Tools & Plant


Abstract IT HAS been reported by Rosenberg (1953) that mature New Hampshire pullets tolerated high concentrations of either low-grade sugar or a low-grade sugar-bagasse pith mixture (10 to 1 respectively, by weight) when these by-products of the sugar industry were fed during experimental feeding trials that lasted 20 weeks. When the "sugar" mix replaced the cereal grains in a practical-type layer ration at concentrations of 35.5, 49.0, and 57.5 percent of total ration, an average hen-day production of 68.1, 58.9, and 61.0 percent was obtained, while that of the controls averaged 68.9 percent. No adverse effect on livability was noted, although efficiency of feed conversion into eggs was poorer than the controls at all three concentrations. Because no information was available on the potentialities of low-grade sugar as a carbohydrate feedstuff for younger chickens, this study was undertaken to investigate the practical and maximum levels that can be fed in starter …


We prove an infinite-dimensional integral identity equating the integral of a function on a subspace of a linear space to the integral of its Segal-Bargmann transform over the orthogonal complement.


Abstract A method based on adsorption phenomena has been established for the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution by activated charcoal. Experimental conditions were optimized for the maximum uptake of cadmium by charcoal in terms of shaking time, pH, amount of charcoal, cadmium ion concentration, and temperature. Maximum adsorption was observed at 4.0 pH within 20 min equilibrium time. Various adsorption isotherms, i.e., the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R) have been applied to the adsorption data. The sorption mean free energy from the D‐R isotherm was 3.07 ± 0.05 kJ mol−1 indicating physical nature of adsorption. The adsorption of cadmium increased with the increase in temperature. Thermodynamic quantities ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were calculated for the adsorption process. The method was tested by removing the cadmium from cadmium‐spiked tap water using activated charcoal. It was observed that about 70–75% cadmium could be removed by activated charcoal in a single step.


In the evaluation of distribution network management level, analytic hierarchy process is generally adopted. By setting assessment criteria and scoring weights, this method can fully and accurately reflect the level of construction automation, development trends and weak links. It provides guidance for distribution automation construction and operation and maintenance. However, when applying this method to evaluate the distribution network, it is necessary to score the various influencing factors through experts. Because the expert scoring is subjective, the evaluation results are not the same according the different experts. In order to objectively evaluate the automation management level of distribution network, a method based on information fusion is proposed in this paper. According to the selected automation management evaluation indicators, an analysis model is established to obtain the distribution network evaluation results. Through the D-S evidence theory, the evaluation results of different experts are combined. And the subjective factors are combined to obtain a relatively objective evaluation result of the automation management level of the distribution network. Taking a certain urban area as an example, this paper evaluates the management level of distribution network by applying the proposed method. According results, it provides reference for grid economic evaluation, power grid planning and transformation work.


Galicia is the most important forestry region of Spain, but its potential as an engine for economic growth is underdeveloped. Most forests in Galicia are privately owned in small holdings that make it difficult to carry out the sustainable forest management required for forest sector development. This paper outlines a sustainable forest management strategy, and then describes forest management processes and supporting technologies that are seen as necessary for promoting sustainable forest management in a region predominated by small forest ownerships. The paper ends with a brief description of the initial steps that have been taken to implement the strategy. Key words: forest sector planning, small private ownerships, rural and regional economic development, Spain