Abstract In order to evaluate the effect of irrigation interval on yield and quantitative-qualitative characteristics of bread wheat, splited plot experiment in randomized block with four replications in the 2010-11 crop years was conducted in the research field of Islamic Azad University of Gonabad. A number of 7, 9 and 10 days irrigation treatments formed the main factors of test, and spraying and non-spraying of nitrogen and zinc were considered as subfactor of test. The results showed that the effect of irrigation was significant for the number of grains per spike in the level of 5% and on 1000-grain weight and fat percent at the level of 1%, and had no significant effect on grain yield, biological yield, number of spikes/sq m stem height, stem diameter and protein content. Nitrogen treatment was significant at the level of 5% on biological yield and number of spikes/sq m, but had no significant effect on grain yield, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, stem height, fat and protein percent, and stem diameter. Treatment with zinc was statistically significant in probability level of 1% only on percentage of fat and had no significant effect on grain yield, biological yield, grain numbers per spike, weight of 1000 seeds, spikes/sq m, stem height, protein percent and stem diameter. Seven days irrigation with of nitrogen allocated for highest seed yield (265.38 g/m2/sq m) and biological yield (659.33 g/m2/sq m). Means comparison showed the highest 1000-grain weight was obtained from 7 days irrigation (47.10 g) and the lowest from 13 days irrigation (40.44 g). According to the experiment results, 7 days irrigation was recognized as the best irrigation to achieve maximum economic performance and 13 days irrigation were determined as most appropriate irrigation for maximum performance for the region due to lack of water and weather conditions of Gonabad, spraying zinc and nitrogen to improve production was proposed depending on different irrigation and the purpose of production.


Practices by the winners of the Diamond Achievement awards, given by the National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA) are sign of the industry's efforts to be good neighbors. As development spreads to formerly rural or remote settings, asphalt plants are sharing space with residential and commercial occupants. Among the adjustments and innovations to meet stricter esthetic and environmental requirements are new low-noise burners, hotlines for neighbors to communicate complaints, landscaping, staggered delivery schedules and close communication with local agencies and communities.


We propose a novel cloud platform based on multiple metro-distributed micro datacenters (mDCs) with intra-mDC optical burst switching ring and inter-mDC burst over wavelength switched optical network interconnections. Dynamic virtual datacenter provisioning was experimentally demonstrated.


A total edge irregularity strength of G has been already widely studied in many papers. The total α-labeling is said to be a total edge irregular α-labeling of the graph G if for every two different edges e1 and e2, it holds w(e1) ≠ w(e2), where w(uv) = f(u) + f(uv) + f(v), for e = uv. The minimum α for which the graph G has a total edge irregular α-labeling is called the total edge irregularity strength of G, denoted by tes(G). A natural extension of this concept is by considering the evaluation of the weight is not only for each edge but we consider the weight on each subgraph H ⊆ G. We extend the notion of the total α-labeling into a total H-irregular α-labeling. The total α-labeling is said to be a total H-irregular α-labeling of the graph G if for H ⊆ G, the total H-weights W (H) = ∑v∈V(H) f(v) + ∑e∈E(H) f(e) are distinct. The minimum α for which the graph G has a total H-irregular α-labeling is called the total H-irregularity strength of G, denoted by tHs(G). In this paper we initiate to study the tHs of shackle and amalgamation of any graphs and their bound.


To move treatment successfully from the hospital to that of technology assisted self-care at home, it is vital in the design of such technologies to understand the setting in which the health IT should be used. Based on qualitative studies we find that people engage in elaborate boundary work to maintain the order of the home when managing disease and adopting new healthcare technology. In our analysis we relate this boundary work to two continuums of visibility-invisibility and integration-segmentation in disease management. We explore five factors that affect the boundary work: objects, activities, places, character of disease, and collaboration. Furthermore, the processes are explored of how boundary objects move between social worlds pushing and shaping boundaries. From this we discuss design implications for future healthcare technologies for the home.


Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to determine the importance that customers give to social investment activities in their region when selecting a financial entity compared to other features directly related to the service that these institutions provide, namely the origin, the treatment by employees, office location and electronic banking services. Design/methodology/approach - – The technique of conjoint analysis is applied via a survey of 427 customers to determine customers' preference structure when choosing a financial entity. Findings - – The results show the importance that customers give to the financial entities' social activities carried out in the region. Moreover, a buyer segment representing 35 per cent of the sample was identified that assigns greater value to these social activities than to the average customer. Originality/value - – The development of corporate social responsibility policies has been a common practice in Spain's financial sector. However, there is a lack of studies focused on analysing the impact of these policies on customers' decisions. The authors test this idea by proposing that social initiatives carried out by financial entities strongly influence the preferences of consumers towards these banks compared to other attributes.


This paper reviews mining policies and environmental damage in Central Sulawesi. It took the case in three regions, namely Morowali Regency, North Morowali Regency, and Palu City as areas where mining activities are carried out. The finding shows that destitute mining activities result in environmental damage that threatens the lives of local communities. This paper recommends the importance of the government to make firm and sustainable mining management policies.


Abstract Objective The aim of this article was to analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes of transpedicular decompression (posterior approach) and anterolateral approach in patients with traumatic thoracolumbar spinal injuries. Methods  It was a prospective study of patients with fractures of dorsolumbar spine from December 2011 to December 2013. A total of 60 patients with traumatic spinal injuries were admitted during the study period (December 2011–2013), of which 51 cases were finally selected and taken for operations while 3 were eventually lost in follow-up. Twenty patients were operated by anterolateral approach, titanium mesh cage, and fixation with bicortical screws. Twenty-eight patients were treated with posterior approach and transpedicular screw fixation. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed on all 48 patients before and after surgery. Results There were 48 patients of thoracolumbar burst fractures with 40 male and 8 female patients. Range of follow-up was from 1 month to 20 months, with a mean of 7.4. Preoperatively in anterior group, 65% of the patients were bed ridden, 20% patients were able to walk with support, and 15% of the patients were able to walk without support. In posterior group, 78.57% patients were bed ridden, 10.71% were able to walk with support, and 10.71% patients were able to walk without support. Kyphotic angle changes were seen in 16 patients out of 18 in anterior group and 20 patients in posterior group out of 25. Out of 18 patients in anterior group, 14 showed reduction in kyphotic angle of 10 to 100 (improvement), with mean improvement of 4.070. In posterior group, 7 patients showed improvement of 10 to 80 (reduction in kyphotic angle) whereas 13 patients showed deterioration of 1 to 120. The mean improvement was 2.140 in 7 patients and mean deterioration was 4.920. No statistical difference was found (p > 0.05) regarding improvement in urinary incontinence during the follow-up period. Conclusion There are significant differences in anterior and posterior approaches in terms of clinical improvement. Compared with posterior approach, the anterolateral approach can reduce fusion segment and well maintain the kyphosis correction. The selection of treatment should be based on clinical and radiological findings, including neurological deficit.


The present note considers recent developments on the use of various transformations of a general autoregressive-distributed lag (AD) model for estimation of long run multipliers. We observe that Bardsen (1989) and Banerjee, Galbraith and Dolado (1990) ECM transformations do not provide an efficient research strategy since they do not provide the near-orthogonality of regressors and a direct test of long-run proportionality or homogeneity hypothesis. Our main point here is that there is no need in searching for other ECM generalizations since the Hendry, Pagan and Sargan (1984) ECM transformation provides a real efficient research strategy; this form does not impose any restriction to the AD model, but it provides a direct test of the homogeneity hypothesis and the near-orthogonality of regressors. Moreover, we show that this form is particularly convenient for estimation of long-run multipliers and of their variances. Finally we suggest a way to overcome Wickens and Breusch (1988) criticism to the ECM transformation.


Summary Bovine milk-fat globule membrane was solubilized with a zwitterionic surfactant and subjected to chromatography on agarose, with the surfactant in the eluant. Fractions were tested for their effects on the oxidation of buffered linoleate. The maximum oxidative capability was greatly enhanced by the addition of Cu, and became associated with the phospholipids. Further chromatography of the retarded protein peak from agarose on Sephadex G-200, again in the presence of surfactant, gave 2 protein peaks. Oxidative effectiveness resided almost entirely in the first peak, which was devoid of phospholipid, but high in xanthine oxidase activity. This fraction was subjected to isoelectric focusing, and the xanthine oxidase from this was highly pro-oxidative. Furthermore, its oxidative capability was almost doubled on heat treatment.


The Ora del Garda is a coupled lake and valley breeze regularly blowing from the northern shorelines of Lake Garda, in the Italian Alps, especially during warm‐season clear‐sky days. The climatological characteristics of this wind are investigated through the analysis of 10 years of observations collected at two representative surface weather stations – one on Lake Garda's shore and the other 30 km inland. Furthermore, the possible influences of the land‐water temperature contrast and of the synoptic wind on the development and the propagation of the Ora del Garda are analysed. Lake‐breeze days are identified by means of a set of objective criteria based on observations of solar radiation, wind speed and direction at the two stations. The analysis highlights that, on the lake's shoreline, the breeze develops on about 70% of the days in the warmest months, while it rarely occurs from October to February. Moreover, in the warmest months, the Ora del Garda reaches the inland weather station on about 80–90% of the days on which it blows on the lake's shore, after 3.5 h on average. It displays rather strong intensities, reaching average velocities of 5 m s−1 and gusts of 10 m s−1, respectively, in summer on the lake's shore and in spring at the inland weather station. No clear relationship is found between the land‐water temperature contrast and the lake‐breeze strength. On the other hand, synoptic winds are observed to affect significantly the development of the breeze. In particular, onshore synoptic winds are associated with stronger intensities at the lake's shore. Moreover, in these situations the Ora del Garda propagates faster and is detected earlier at the inland weather station.


In this paper we propose a novel procedure for urban road network extraction in high resolution SAR images. It is based on a multi-scale detection step including fusion of multiple features aimed at considering spatial high resolution as well as the spectral characteristics of the SAR images. Advantages over existing and previous extraction procedures are proved by comparison using data from different sensors and different test areas. I. INTRODUCTION High resolution SAR by Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites is going to have a deep impact on remote sensing data availability both because of the very short time between acquisitions and the spatial resolution, fine enough to monitor artificial structures. In turn, this will require more precise and efficient algorithms for the interpretation of this kind of SAR data. In fact, at high and very high resolution, natural and artificial objects must be individuated exploiting both their geometrical and spectral features, which show peculiar behaviors in SAR data. Following this idea, in this work we develop a decision fu- sion approach based on different detectors specifically tailored for road extraction from high resolution SAR data of urban areas. The approach exploits geometric a priori knowledge as well as spectral information about road materials. Street and roads in coarse SAR images may appear as dark or bright features, depending on their orientation. This is less true for high resolution SAR images, where roads are more-than-one-pixel wide: they most likely appear as dark, elongated areas, possibly with very bright sides. As a result, we may approach their detection and extraction by using geometrical analysis (1), looking for long edges, or by exploiting simpler multiple thresholding approaches (2), searching for dark, homogeneous areas. The proposed algorithm integrates both these approaches into a multi-scale feature fusion framework. Road candidate extraction in high resolution imagery usu- ally starts with road area detection, which of course may be obtained in optical images by looking for the spectral response of road materials. However, road class recognition in high resolution SAR data would imply complex segmentation algorithms based on data statistics. In this paper it is preferred to prove that multiple detectors may be enough to obtain good results. Therefore, in this paper a new extraction method is proposed, based on multiple feature detection and fusion , designed to be as automatic as possible and aimed at optimal junction preservation. The algorithm exploits spatial


During the ruling times of image culture,the value and meaning of the literature exists in circumstances of being dispelled,not only having the strong impact from outside,but literature itself also shows valueless same tendency.So,even literature itself,because of its special,unreplacing humanistic and aesthetic value,or literature get the new form of expression during the times of electron,it can't save the fate of being ended.


Higher wages currently associated with higher levels of schooling appear to shape expectations about future wages and are linked to higher rates of school enrollment among children. Income supplements to poor households increase children's school enrollment, in part because they relax day-to-day liquidity and income constraints. The relevance of schooling to the type of work the children may expect to do as adults likely affects the relationship between returns to schooling and school enrollment. eLeVAtor PitCh


In our continuing study on the antioxidant activity of Polysiphonia stricta, its crude extract was fractionated into n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol (85% aq.MeOH), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water fractions according to solvent polarity. The solvent fractions were evaluated for their potential to inhibit lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HT 1080 cells. The n-BuOH fraction most strongly inhibited both lipid peroxidation and ROS production in HT 1080 cells. The n-BuOH fraction was further separated by repeated silica gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC to give methyl aconitates (2 and 3). The chemical structure of isolated compounds was determinated by NMR spectral analysis.


The human life in the age of artificial intelligence has undergone tremendous changes. Algorithm technology is widely developed and applied as one of the core technologies of artificial intelligence. However, a series of problems such as algorithm discrimination, algorithm killing, and "information cocoon" caused by unexplainable algorithms represented by artificial neural networks needed to be solved urgently,which forms a risk society. The algorithmic order is gradually "offside" into a new social order, which challenges the existing legal order. Because the existing legal order upholds the neutral value of technology tools and does not pay attention to the legal regulations of technology itself, it cannot make ethical prejudgment of unexplainable algorithms to prevent and control social risks. With the deepening of the "intelligence" of algorithm technology, social risk is expanding. The field of algorithm technology creates interpretable algorithms to respond to social risks. However, due to the lack of legal value and institutional design support, the technological advantages of interpretable algorithms to prevent and control algorithm black boxes, "Offside order" and coping with a risky society cannot be confirmed and guided by law. Therefore, it is an effective way to solve the risks in the age of artificial intelligence by taking the technical critical theory of risk society as the value basis and taking the interpretability of algorithms as a necessary condition for algorithm regulation.


Purpose: Our overall goal is the development of an approach to model tissue response to radiotherapy in which a tissue is viewed as a statistical ensemble of interacting cells. This involves characterisation of radiation fields on the spatial scale of subcellular structures. On this scale, the spatial distribution of radiation energy imparted to tissue is highly non-uniform and should be characterised in statistical terms. Microdosimetry provides a formalism developed for that purpose. This study addresses limitations of the standard microdosimetric approach to modelling tissue response by introducing two new characteristics that include additional information in a form convenient for this application. Methods : The standard microdosimetric approach is based on the concept of a sensitive volume (SV) representing a target volume in the cell. It is considered in isolation from other SVs, implying that energy depositions in different SVs are statistically independent and that individual cells respond to radiation independent of each other. In this study, we examined the latter approximation through analysis of correlation functions. All calculations were performed with Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo code. Results: We found that for some realistic scenarios, spatial correlations of deposited energy can be significant. Two new characteristics of radiation fields are proposed. The first is the specific energy-volume histogram (zVH), which is a microscopic analogue of the dose-volume histogram. The second describes the probability distribution of deposited energies in two SVs without assuming statistical independence between the SVs. Numerical examples for protons and carbon ions of therapeutic energies are presented and discussed. Conclusion: We extended the microdosimetric approach to modelling tissue response by including additional important characteristics and presented them in a more conventional radiotherapy format. --------------------------------------------- Cite this article as : Wang H, Vassiliev ON. Microdosimetric characterisation of radiation fields for modelling tissue response in radiotherapy. Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2014; 2 (1):020116. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.14319/ijcto.0201.16


Introduction: Coronary risk factors are biological characteristics that increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To characterize the presence of modifiable risk factors in patients referred for coronary angiography from Pinar del Rio to the CIMEQ Hospital, in the context of


Background and purpose: Elongated styloid process and mineralization of sty lohyoid ligament were seen in 2 to 28% of patients on panoramic radiograph. Th is condition can create pain in head and neck regio ns or eagle syndrome in some cases. The aim of this study was t o assess the length of stylohyoid ligament on panor amic radiographs. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic radiograph s of 800 patients referring to oral and maxillofacial radiology department of Babol School of Dentistry were examined for measurement of styloid process. Length of the styloid process was measured as the distance from the point where the styloid p rocess left the tympanic plate to the tip of the process. Processes measuring more than 30 mm were considered as elongated. The T- test, Spearman rho and one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) were used for analysis. For all tests the p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The average length of the right styloid was 24.74 ± 6.99 mm and that of the left styloid was 23.86 ± 6.45 mm. The length of both styloids increased with age and males had longer styloids than females. El ongated styloids were present in 19.8% of the panoramic rad iographs, that 80 (10%) showed bilateral elongation of the styloid. Elongated styloid processes were more prev alent in the age-group of 30-50 years. Conclusion: The results of this study were similar to previous studies. So, given the relatively high prevalence of this lesion, the clinicians must be p ay attention to this lesion for diagnosis and treat ment of neck and head pain.


Few-shot learning is a type of classification through which predictions are made based on a limited number of samples for each class. This type of classification is sometimes referred to as a meta-learning problem, in which the model learns how to learn to identify rare cases. We seek to extract information from five exemplar vocalisations of mammals or birds and detect and classify these sounds in field recordings [2]. This task was provided in the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) Challenge of 2021. Rather than utilize deep learning, as is most commonly done, we formulated a novel solution using only machine learning methods. Various models were tested, and it was found that logistic regression outperformed both linear regression and template matching. However, all of these methods over-predicted the number of events in the field recordings.


The 2004 election became infamous for widespread voter disenfranchisement and fraud, leading to the creation and publication of Cheated! which chronicled voter experiences in Ohio. Chapter seven subsequently looks at Cheated! and other comics that engage with voting, elections, and civic responsibilities. Relating these themes to "Good Government" and activist comics of the 1950s and 1960s, the chapter explores representations of American elections as related to narratives of quests and conspiracies that express the realization or frustration of political ideals. The 2000s saw a rise in the demonization of American politics through the use of horror tropes, as voters increasingly described elections as choosing "the lesser of two evils."


A binary metal nanocatalyst of platinum and copper was synthesized using a facile solvothermal process (polyol method). The synthesized catalyst was characterized using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance of the synthesized carbon supported binary metal catalyst, Pt?Cu/?, toward methanol oxidation reaction was checked and then compared with the commercial Pt/C (ETEK) catalyst, using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometric techniques. The Pt?Cu/C catalyst was found to be cubic in shape with indentations on the particle surface, having platinum to copper atomic composition of 4:1, i.e., (Pt4Cu). The peak current density for Pt?Cu/C catalyst recorded as 2.3 mA cm-2 at 0.7 V (vs Ag/AgCl) and 50 mV s-1, was two times higher than the current density of the commercially available Pt/C catalyst (1.16 mA cm-2 at 0.76 V). Moreover, the Pt?Cu/C catalyst was found to be more durable than the commercial Pt/C catalyst, as the Pt?Cu/C retained 89 % of its initial current density, while the commercial Pt/C catalyst retained 65 % of its initial current density after 300 potential cycles.


Twelve years after its celebrated decision in Waiāhole Ditch, the Hawaii Supreme Court again confirmed that the public trust doctrine is a valuable tool for reigning in private rights in water in order to promote public purposes. As in Waiāhole Ditch, local community groups in In re "Iao Ground Water Management Area (the "Four Great Waters" case) sought to defend the rights of the public in Hawaii's water resources by challenging two of the largest private entities within the State: the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar and the Wailuku Water Company. In its decision, the court unanimously vacated the Commission's decision granting water permit applications to the companies and restoring little to none of the instream flows necessary to sustain four major Maui streams. This Article focuses on the court's exercise of jurisdiction and addresses the heightened standard of review applied to decisions involving the state water resources trust. It suggests that — by emphasizing the importance of judicial review of actions impacting trust resources — the decision promotes public participation in public trust decision-making. These developments solidify the doctrine's concrete ability to protect public rights in water and to protect those resources for future generations.


The partial discharge fault detection and location with the method of oscillating wave detection system has been widely applied on medium voltage cable. However, due to inaccurate data of power cable length, the propagation velocity of travelling wave along power cable just is an experience value resulting in the great error of fault location. Based on the dispersion characteristics of signal propagation in power cable, a measurement method for cable length was proposed. First, the low/high frequency velocity was determined according the physical properties of the insulation and semiconducting layer material. Then, the sine wave signal with known propagation velocity was injected into the test power cable and the propagation time was recorded by the GPS timing equipment. At last, the specific length of test power cable was determined based on the experiment results at two different frequencies. The experimental results show that length value error of power cable resulting in the system error is less than 10m.


To solve the problems of updating sub-secrets or secrets as well as adding or deleting agents in the quantum secret sharing protocol, we propose a two-particle transform of Bell states, and consequently present a novel dynamic quantum secret sharing protocol. The new protocol can not only resist some typical attacks, but also be more efficient than the existing protocols. Furthermore, we take advantage of the protocol to establish the dynamic secret sharing of a quantum state protocol for two-particle maximum entangled states.


Since the 1990s, the rise of China has become realized. China has shown dramatic economic, and expanded its political influences at both regional and international levels. More importantly, it has accelerated its military build-up since the 1990s, and widened a gap between military capabilities of China and those of neighboring countries. In response to China's strengthening military power and capability, India, one of the most potential competitors for regional hegemony, is at a crossroads. How has India perceived China's remarkable military build-up? And, based on India's perception, how has it responded? This article argues that, relying on the logic of neorealism, India has seen China's military build-up as a significant threat to its national interest and security. After exploring India's strategies in response to China's strengthening military power, empirical analysis reveals that, facing a threat from China's growing military power, India's response could be characterized as internal and external balancing against China.


The powder striations which may be produced, on either flat surfaces or in tubes, by means of electric sparks are shown to be similar to those obtained in a sound field due to a mechanical vibrator; that is to say they depend upon the presence of aerial vortices. Comparisons of published records show that the frequencies of vibration involved lie in the lower ultrasonic range, and must derive from the shock wave which is associated with the spark. There is no direct relation between the inter-striation distances and the frequencies of the electric circuit.


Using N 1s scanned-energy mode photoelectron diffraction (PhD) combined with full multiple scattering simulations the local adsorption site of NO on NiO(100) has been determined. The molecule bonds through the N atom atop a surface layer N atom, while the N–O axis is tilted away from the surface normal by 59(+31/-17)°. The special problems presented by adsorbates on compound surfaces, for the direct inversion of PhD data to provide a first-order site determination, are discussed and some alternative schemes tested.


The VIATRA (visual automated model transformations) framework is the core of a transformation-based verification and validation environment for improving the quality of systems designed using the Unified Modeling Language by automatically checking consistency, completeness, and dependability requirements. In the current paper, we present an overview of (i) the major design goals and decisions, (ii) the underlying formal methodology based on metamodeling and graph transformation, (iii) the software architecture based upon the XMI standard, and (iv) several benchmark applications of the VIATRA framework.


Radiation detectors are often placed in positions difficult to shield from the effects of terrestrial background. This is particularly true in the case of radiation portal monitor (RPM) systems, as their wide viewing angle and outdoor installations make them susceptible to terrestrial background from the surrounding area. This issue will become even more important as the next generation of spectroscopic-capable RPMs is deployed. A low background is desired in most cases, especially when the background noise is of comparable strength to the signal of interest. Previous modeling work by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has shown the enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and isotope identification sensitivity possible through direct internal shielding, as well as some benefits of collimation and direct ground shielding. The gross-count sensitivity of a polyvinyl toluene (PVT)-based RPM detector or the isotope identification capability of a sodium iodide (NaI)-based detector will be significantly enhanced through the use of dense background shielding, as close as possible to the detector elements. In this work, the problem of shielding a generalized RPM from terrestrial background is considered. Detector and shielding scenarios are modeled with the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) computer code. Amounts of nominal-density shielding needed to attenuate the terrestrial background to varying degrees are given, along with optimal shielding geometry to be used in areas where natural shielding is limited, and where radiation detection must occur in the presence of natural background. Guidance is provided as to the enhancement possible to detection with realistic field modifications. Common shielding solutions such as steel plating are evaluated based on the SNR, and benefits are weighed against feasibility.


Mould meshwork concrete shear wall is one of new type of composite structural system.In order to study the shear resistant capacity of mould meshwork concrete shear wall,21 quasi-static test results were collected and influence factors which affect the shear resistant capacity of mould meshwork concrete shear wall were analyzed through grey-correlation analysis method.The expressions to estimate the shear resistant capacity of mould meshwork concrete shear wall were proposed based on regression analysis.It is found that,among the influence factors,axial compressive force is the most important,the second one is the effective area of the wall,the effect of stiffening ribs in the latitudinal direction shows small influence.And regression analyses show the same conclusion.


This guide was created for graduate students in the MSHE program. A selection of recommened scholarly peer-reviewed journals about higher education.


In this study, taxonomic and faunistic data on Euphorinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) subfamily which can be used as a biological control agent of plant pest insects (especially Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera) were given. In addition to the Turkish and worldwide distributional data of 33 species, and two genera namely, Neoneurus Haliday and Ecclitura Kokujev were given as new records from Turkey. Moreover, ten species [Leiophron (Peristenus) reclinator (Ruthe), Meteorus graciliventris Muesebeck, M. micropterus (Haliday), Elasmosoma calcaratum Tobias, Neoneurus auctus (Thomson), Ecclitura primoris Kokujev, P. (M.) apiophaga (Loan), P. (M.) moldavicus (Tobias), P. (M.) retusus Thomson, Streblocera (Streblocera) antennata Jakimavicius] which have not previously found in Turkey and those are new records for the Turkish fauna. Zoogeographical remarks and chorotype information for each taxon were given. By this contribution, the number of the Euphorinae species increased to 81 in Turkey.


This paper covered the Bayesian estimation of the Pascal distribution parameter under a symmetric Loss Function,and it is also proposed that the Bayes lowers confidence limit.


Introduction: Obesity is a complex chronic disorder with multifactorial etiology that includes genetics, hormones, diet, age, physical activity and the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8weeks of interval aerobic training with green tea and ginger on lipid profiles of overweight women in Behbahan city. Methods: In this study, 40 overweight women (age: 44.05 ± 9.40 years; weight: 73.77 ± 9.22 kg; height: 1.57 ± 0.05 m, and body mass index: 29.79 ± 3.10 kg / m2) were divided in 4 groups of 10 subjects: 1) control, 2) training, 3) training and supplementation, and 4) supplementation. The subjects participated in the study for 8 weeks and 3 sessions each week, and blood samples were taken to measure the TG, TC, LDL and HDL factors as pre-test and post-test. Paired samples t-test and ANOVA at a significant level of P ≤ 0.05 was used to examine the difference between the groups and the effect of training and supplementation. Results: The findings of this study showed that interval aerobic training with supplementation of green tea and ginger has beneficial effects on the lipid profile. Also, contrary to TG (P=0.17), TC (P=0.004), HDL (P=0.51), and LDL (P=0.02) in paired samples t-test, were not totally significant between the groups. Conclusion: Interval aerobic training with green tea and ginger consumption had no statistically significant effects on the lipid profile of overweight women, but interval aerobic training and green tea and ginger consumption, separately or combined can have effects on lipid profile of overweight women.


Objective To determine the efficacy of oral diclofenac as preemptive analgesic for pterygium excision. Methods A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial was carried out involving 30 patients diagnosed with pterygium. They were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or oral diclofenac. A single surgeon performed the same technique of pterygium excision. Pain scores were determined using visual-analog-scale (VAS) questionnaires handed out to participants 30 minutes and 24 hours after surgery. Collected data were analyzed using two-tailed t-test, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test. Results There was no statistical difference between VAS pain scores in both groups in the intra(p = 0.33) and postoperative periods (p = 0.46). No statistically significant difference was noted on the intake (p = 0.68) and dose (0.18) of supplemental analgesia. There appeared to be a trend for lower pain scores in the intraoperative (VAS = 2.00 ± 1.89 for diclofenac vs. 2.73 ± 2.22 for control) and postoperative (VAS = 3.86 ± 2.92 for diclofenac vs. 4.60 ± 2.44 for control) periods with intake of diclofenac. This group also took less supplemental analgesics. Conclusion The preemptive use of oral diclofenac showed a trend toward less intraand postoperative pain, and less need for supplemental analgesics after pterygium surgery.


THREE NEW SPECIES OF PHEGODIDAE (COLEOTERA) ARE DESCRIBED, ILLUSTRATED AND COMMENTED. THE SPECIMENS WERE CAPTURED IN MALAISE TRAPS AT THE CHAMELA BIOLOGICAL STATION, JALISCO, MEXICO. STENOPHRIXOTHRIX FUSCUS (GORHAM) IS RECORDED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN JALISCO.


Motif detecting in DNA sequences is one of the most popular tasks in computational biology, which is important for people to understand functions of genes. Recently, the motif detecting problem was abstracted as a planted -motif problem and many instances of the problem have been proposed as challenges for motif detecting algorithms. In this work, we propose an improved immune genetic algorithm, called MRPIGA, to solve a class of specific planted motif problems, weak signal motif problems, in which a modified random projection strategy is applied to generate a good initial population of candidate solutions. Experimental results on stimulated data show that MRPIGA performs better than Random Projection, GARPS and MDGA. We also test the MRPIGA on five groups of realistic biological data. It shows that the MRPIGA performs superior to detect motifs. General Terms Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, Algorithm, Evolution Optimization


With the rapid development of Internet and big data technology, various online social network platforms have been established, producing massive information every day. Hot topic discovery aims to dig out meaningful content that users commonly concern about from the massive information on the Internet. Most of the existing hot topic discovery methods focus on a single network data source, and can hardly grasp hot spots as a whole, nor meet the challenges of text sparsity and topic hotness evaluation in cross-network scenarios. This paper proposes a novel hot topic discovery method across social network based on an im-proved LDA model, which first integrates the text information from multiple social network platforms into a unified data set, then obtains the potential topic distribution in the text through the improved LDA model. Finally, it adopts a heat evaluation method based on the word frequency of topic label words to take the latent topic with the highest heat value as a hot topic. This paper obtains data from the online social networks and constructs a cross-network topic discovery data set. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to baseline methods.

https://itiis.org/digital-library/manuscript/file/25096/TIIS Vol 15, No 11-4.pdf


We give a new equivalent condition for the Riemann hypothesis consisting in an order condition for certain finite rational combinations of the values of ζ(s) at even positive integers.


Canine hair samples were analyzed as part of a program to assess the efficacy of imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for the characterization of trace samples. The samples were analyzed as received, and subsequent to treatment with shampoo and/or conditioner products. Samples were mounted on silicon wafers using double sided tape, in such a manner that the tape did not contaminate the portion of the sample to be analyzed, nor was the tape exposed to the primary ion beam. The imaging SIMS instrument used enabled spectra to be generated only from the hair surface, in a manner which excluded contributions from the silicon mounting stage. The cation spectra of the untreated hair contained evidence for organic amines and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) contaminants, that originate from the canine's living environment. When the hair samples were treated with shampoo, the cation spectra showed that the amine-derived ions were removed, but the abundance of the PDMS-derived ions had increased. A series of PDMS-derived ions was also observed in the anion spectra, as was evidence for alkyl-, and ethoxylated alkyl-, sulfate species. Treatment of the hair samples with conditioner had a dramatic effect on the appearance of the cation spectra: higher mass alkylammonium species, present in the conditioner product, were measured with an intensity well above the detection limit. The identity of the alkylammonium species were confirmed by MS 2 (mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry), using an ion trap SIMS instrument. When the hair samples were rinsed using water, the organic sulfates were removed, but the PDMS and the alkylammonium ions were not. Subsequent rinsing with hexane removed the PDMS, but did not remove the alkylammonium ions. The results indicate that several components of the hair care products are long lived on hair, and are readily detectable using SIMS. Characterization of surface chemicals may be useful for distinguishing between different samples.


The problems of the state, law, and social life of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were investigated for nearly two centuries. Enough to fully reconstructedthe history of the principality, its social and political system. Ongoing the study of the LithuanianRussian law. However, not all institutions of law of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania arequite studied by scientists. Above fully applies Institute crime. There are no comprehensive studies of the crimes discussed in the various courts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, not the evolution of crime in the Institute of Lithuanian-Ruthenian state, not set the differences that existed between the written law rules and those rules are applied in law enforcement.


On DialogueDialogue and the Development of Children's ThinkingCartesian PoeticsBetter ConversationsDialogue for Intercultural UnderstandingReading the RoomWriting Compelling Dialogue for Film and TVDialogueThe Toolbox Dialogue InitiativeThe Magic of Thinking BigDiderot and the Art of Thinking FreelyDramatic DialogueArgument as Dialogue Across DifferenceImagining DeweyIntergroup DialogueThe Way of DialogueThe Tao of DialogueHow to ThinkDialogue and the Art of Thinking TogetherThe Year of Magical ThinkingThe Improvement of the MindDialogueThinking in JazzThinking PhilosophicallyThe Unity of EverythingArt and Intercultural DialogueDialogue GapThe Art of DeceptionRamus, Method, and the Decay of DialogueEcofeminism in DialogueThe Painted WordCrafting Dynamic DialogueChallenging CoachingWe Are Not UsersTeaching Critical ThinkingThe Art of Smart ThinkingStudio Thinking 2Socratic Methods in the ClassroomCreative DialogueIgnatian Spirituality and Interreligious Dialogue


Objective: In 1969 Dr. R.A. Utterback and I, Dr. Charles A. Cape, determined that long-term treatment of myasthenia gravis using steroids was effective. This is a follow-up of those patients plus those previously reported in NEUROLOGY in 1972. This paper documents the effectiveness and safety of long-term treatment with streroids of myasthenia gravis patients. Background: Objective: To determine the effectiveness of sixteen of my myasthenia gravis patients who were treated with steroids for up to fifty years and the effect of using long-term steroids if the dosage is properly adjusted. Methods: Follow-up of sixteen of my patients treated for up to fifty years with ACTH or prednisone. Design/Methods: In 1969 and again in 1972 my colleagues and I established that long-term therapy with corticosteroids could maintain the improvement achieved after an intensive course of ACTH. This report provides a 50 year follow-up of these previously reported 16 patients. Results: Four patients are living who have been treated for 34, 45, 45, & 50 years. Eight patients died that had been treated from 4–44 years. They died from respiratory disease (3), cancer (3), & unknown cause (2). Four patients were lost to follow-up. The usual side effects occurred, but were controlled or alleviated by spacing the ACTH injections or the prednisone dosage out from daily, to every other day, to every third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh day. Conclusions: Maintenance ACTH, prednisone, or other autoimmune therapy has obviated most of the disadvantages of repeated intensive courses of therapy. It avoids the recurrent crisis and hospitalization with intensive treatment. Maintenance therapy allowed many patients to reduce or discontinue their anticholimesterase medications. Conclusion: Long-term, maintenance, corticosteroid therapy is effective and safe if properly used for many years. The follow-up also shows that long-term steroids can be used for treatment of chronic diseases if the dosage is properly adjusted Disclosure: Dr. Cape has nothing to disclose.


Central Banks of small integrated economies often have an exchange rate objective. We argue that achieving this objective is challenging when the Central Bank is also concerned about the size of its balance sheet. In addition, a world economy operating at the zero lower bound magnifies these difficulties. Specifically, in this paper we developed a framework where (i) the fear of future losses can rationalize why a Central Bank is worried about expanding the size of its balance sheet; (ii) this fear will impose limits on the exchange rate policies that a Central Bank will choose to implement; (iii) news about the future foreign interest rates can have significant effects on the domestic policy in a ZLB environment; (iv) commitment to future policies improves the Central Bank ability to sustain its exchange rate objectives.


Three different discretization schemes were used to study the flow in a 90-degree bend square duct. The numerical method consists of a general curvilinear coordinate formulation of the governing equations and a non-staggered grid for the variables. A stable method of implementing the higher-order schemes is proposed. The second-order upwinding and QUICK schemes give results which compare more favourably with the experimental data than the first-order upwinding method


Background: Standardized methods to measure allergen exposure are essential to assess the relationship between exposure, sensitization, and asthma. Most studies have measured allergen levels in reservoir dust, although air samples may be more representative as a measure of inhaled allergen. The aim of this study was to define the relationship between mite, cat, and dog allergen content in the reservoir dust and the levels in the ambient air.


IL-7 is a cytokine essential for T cell development and survival. However, the local function of IL-7 produced by thymic epithelial cells (TECs) is poorly understood. To address this question, we generated IL-7–floxed mice and crossed them with FoxN1 promoter–driven Cre (FoxN1-Cre) mice to establish knockout mice conditionally deficient for the expression of IL-7 by TECs. We found that ab and gd T cells were significantly reduced in the thymus of IL-7 f/f FoxN1-Cre mice. Proportion of mature single-positive thymocytes was increased. In lymph nodes and the spleen, the numbers of T cells were partially restored in IL-7 f/f FoxN1-Cre mice. In addition, gd T cells were absent from the fetal thymus and epidermis of IL-7 f/f FoxN1-Cre mice. Furthermore, TCR gd + intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were significantly decreased in the small intestines of IL-7 f/f FoxN1-Cre mice. To evaluate the function of IL-7 produced in the intestine, we crossed the IL-7 f/f mice with villin promoter–driven Cre (Vil-Cre) mice to obtain the mice deficient in IL-7 production from intestinal epithelial cells. We observed that ab and gd IELs of IL-7 f/f Vil-Cre mice were comparable to control mice. Collectively, our results suggest that TEC-derived IL-7 plays a major role in proliferation, survival, and maturation gd T cell This study also demonstrates that IL-7 produced in the thymus is essential for the development of gd IELs and indicates the thymic origin of gd IELs. Journal Immunology


Filipinos love to mall and it is no surprise that malls, being business enterprises, proliferate the country because of consumer demands. Malls provide various goods and services in one-stop-shop, including religious celebrations, to draw most people from all walks of life to this cycle of consumerism. The celebrations of mass often become shrouded with tinge of commercialism. It is in this context that a study, using indigenous methods and techniques of ethnography, of the mass-going culture of Filipinos inside the mall is vital in understanding an emergent language and culture of religiosity. It unravels the meaning of the celebration of the Eucharist in the mall from the vantage point of parishioners. This paper proposes an explanation for attending mass in the mall over regular parishes, which is the domain of religious profession. The paper argues that mall provided a sanctuary, a consecrated place of worship, even in the midst of a marketplace.


A sleep mode controlling device and a method thereof about terminals comprising P2P network on a wireless communication system are provided to reduce the waste of resource necessary to transmit a traffic indicating message by reducing the number of traffic indicating message transmissions. A terminal 1(303) transmits a sleeping require-message to a base station(301) in order to convert a current mode into a sleep mode(313). The sleeping response message is transmitted to the base station through the cellular network to the terminal 1(315). The sleep mode change over permission or non-permission included in the sleep response message is confirmed in the terminal 1. The terminal 1 operates to the initial sleep section included in the sleep response message(317). The terminal 1 transmits the sleep mode response message with the terminal 2 and terminal 3 through the P2P network(337).


This paper presents, the enhancement of Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) performance using fingerprint and face recognition. In democratic countries, the EVM plays a vital role in the election process. Even though it has more benefits; still the malpractices are continued due to manual verification of electoral documents for all elections in democratic countries. In this proposed method EVM with biometric fingerprint and face recognition devices are used to overcome this problem. To conquer the issues existing in the election process for voter identification the biometric fingerprint and web cameras are introduced in the EVMs. The people at the polling booth need to put the finger in the fingerprint equipment and face to be captured by the web camera provided to recognize them. The controller fetches the data from the input devices and compares it with the database to enable the polling device to cast their votes. In practice, due to some technical issue either in the input devices or from the voter side the election process will be continued by document verification. In the polling booths, the presiding officers are having the right to enable the polling device by pressing the enable button after document verification. The performance of the proposed method was validated with EVM successfully.


Bi26Mo10O69and Bi26Mo6V4O67crystallize in the monoclinic system, space groupP2/cwitha= 11.742(8) A,b= 5.800(7) A,c= 24.77(5) A, β = 102.94(6)°,Z= 1 anda= 11.633(7) A,b= 5.795(3) A,c= 24.39(2) A, β = 101.35(5)°,Z= 1, respectively. The structures were solved from 4242 and 3614 reflections, respectively, collected on a Philips PW1100 automatic diffractometer (MoKα radiation). The finalRindexes are 0.048 and 0.041. The common structure consists of [Bi12O14]∞columns along the twofold axis, connected with MoO4or (Mo, V)O4tetrahedra and isolated bismuth atoms in a quasi-planar O environment. A solid solution domain belonging to this structural type within the Bi2O3–MoO3–V2O5ternary diagram has been evidenced. It extends from Bi25.75Mo10Oδto Bi27.75Mo10Oδon the Bi2O3–MoO3line. This work was completed by a preliminary study of conduction properties.


Spelling experimentation and spelling reform in 1990 are topics in which I admit I lack a historiographer's required scholarly detachment, because I see in them sad symptoms for the crisis of Standard German after 1945, brought about not only by loss of international prestige, areas, and millions of speakers, but also internally by "loyalty" (Joshua Fishman's term) shift to the dialects. Any scholar in the English language field advocating the slightest reform of the abominable English orthographic system would be laughed out of the profession in 1990. Why is it "in" to want to change the quite satisfactory spelling of German? A sociolinguist may have the answer. The argument that to abolish upper case for all nouns is in any case linguistically trivial, "only" iconic, seems odd: why tamper then after 300 years with an established norm? To the distinguished scholarly spelling activists I can only say that "stonewalling", i.e., ignoring opposing points of view, may be sound strategy in politics, but it is not acceptable in scholarly discussions.


The mobility of potassium ions in the gases helium, neon, and argon has been measured at respective gas temperatures of 303, 302 and 304 K with an estimated accuracy of 1%. From the variation of the mobilities with E/N, the ratio of electric field strength to gas number density, the ion atom interaction potentials have been derived. This derivation makes use of the mobility theory of Kihara (1953) as presented by Mason and Schamp (1958) which is found to be capable of accurately predicting the mobility at low and intermediate electric field strengths.


As a base research on intelligentized search technique in seismic ruins,we study on human odor by a portable GC-MS.Qualitative analysis experiment demonstrate that isoprene,acetone and 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-one are symbol of human odor.This research give important data to search survival base on artificial olfaction technique in seismic ruins.


In recent years a number of prominent American men of letters have spoken at the United States Military Academy-John Ciardi, Ralph Ellison, Howard Mumford Jones, Alfred Kazin, Arthur Miller, Howard Nemerov, and Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. While the remarks of many of these men have been recorded, only in a few cases have initial transcripts been prepared of their comments. Not since William Faulkner's visit in 1962 has a final, verified typescript been prepared to record an author's visit.


With the development of immunosuppressive drugs,the risk of infection is increasing af- ter renal transplantation.After renal transplantation,BK virus renal allograft nephropathy(BKVAN)is the important reason for renal allograft dysfunction.This paper is reviewed from virology,epidemiology,risk factors,the pathogenic mechanism of BK virus and the clinical features,diagnosis,treatment of BKVAN.


This paper presents an effective neural network based adaptive controller for a newly designed manipulator that has a deployable link as well as a revolute joint. The prototype manipulator system is described. The analytical formulation of the system is presented for the purpose of effective control. The relevant techniques of adaptive control of robot manipulators are presented. A single-layer, linear-in-the-parameter neural network that is based on Gaussian radial basis functions is used to approximate the unknown terms in the dynamical equations of the manipulator. The Lyapunov stability analysis is used to find an adaptive update rule for tuning the weights of the neural network. The corresponding adaptive controller is derived based on this approach. The applicability of the control scheme for this manipulator system is tested through computer simulations.


At present multimedia teaching is getting more and more popularized.It has become one indispensable classroom instruction form of higher education.However,there are certain deficiencies in equipment configuration and management mode of multimedia classroom,which influence the development of multimedia teaching.Further improving the management and reforming the equipment configuration mode of multimedia classroom will promote the construction and development of multimedia teaching.


The utility model discloses a slot type safety belt hanger which comprises a safety belt, a square tube column, an angle iron cross arm and a slot, wherein the slot is of a cuboid-shaped box with an upward opening in the top end, the side surface of the box is connected with the vertical surface of the angle iron cross arm, the lower end of the square tube column is inserted into the slot, and the upper end of the safety belt is connected with the upper end of the square tube column. A rotary hanging ring connected with the safety belt is arranged at the top end of the square tube column. Bolt holes are formed in the vertical wall of the slot and the lower end of the square tube column, and the vertical wall of the slot is connected with the square tube column through a bolt in a fastening manner. The slot type safety belt hanger is capable of preventing the safety belt from winding, is convenient in installation and use, effectively prevents the square tube upright from dropping due to the fact that the slot is fixed with the angle iron cross arm through a bolt, and ensures that an operator safely carries out construction.


We study the dynamical behaviour of ultracold fermionic atoms loaded into an optical lattice under the presence of an effective magnetic flux, induced by spin-orbit coupled laser driving. At half filling, the resulting system can emulate a variety of iconic spin-1/2 models such as an Ising model, an XY model, a generic XXZ model with arbitrary anisotropy, or a collective one-axis twisting model. The validity of these different spin models is examined across the parameter space of flux and driving strength. In addition, there is a parameter regime where the system exhibits chiral, persistent features in the long-time dynamics. We explore these properties and discuss the role played by the system's symmetries. We also discuss experimentally-viable implementations.


This paper formulates the problem of global SPICE model parameter extraction in terms of an objective function with process parameter variations. Algorithm to obtain the minimum value of the objective function is also proposed. In order to show the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, global extraction of process-aware SPICE model parameters is performed using electrical data obtained from silicon-calibrated TCAD simulations. An excellent goodness of fit is demonstrated over a known set of process parameters variations as well as the bias conditions. Validation of the extracted models is performed for a 90nm technology node by verifying the predictability of the SPICE model parameters against the TCAD simulations. Model parameters, thus obtained, are used to understand the response of a typical 2-input NAND gate to process variations using HSPICE.


Wireless local area networks (WLANs) are a key component of the telecommunications infrastructure in our society. While many solutions have been produced to improve their downlink throughput, the techniques for enhancing their uplink throughput remain limited. The stagnation can be attributed to the lack of fine-grained inter-node synchronization due to the hardware limitation of most devices. In this paper, we present an uplink distributed multiple-input-and-multiple-output scheme (termed UD-MIMO) for WLANs to enable concurrent uplink transmission in the absence of fine-grained inter-node synchronization. The enabling technique behind UD-MIMO is a practical solution to decoding uplink packets from asynchronous users. UD-MIMO makes it possible for WLANs to significantly improve their uplink throughput while not requiring tight internode synchronization. We have built a prototype of UD-MIMO on a wireless testbed and demonstrate its compatibility with commercial off-the-shelf Atheros 802.11 client devices (with modified Linux driver). Our experimental results show that, for a WLAN with 8 APs in a conference room, UD-MIMO offers 3.4× throughput compared to interference-avoidance approach.


A method was developed of measuring the interspinous diameter of the female pelvis with the ultrasound B‐apparatus Vidoson 635. The method was used in a group of 30 patients, who simultaneously had X‐ray pelvimetry. The difference between the results obtained by ultrasonic measurement and X‐ray was δa = ± 0.13 cm. Other authors have achieved similar differences by ultrasonic measurement of the biparietal diameter of the fetal head and the sagittal diameter of the pelvic brim.


The properties of mixtures of ionic liquids (ILs) with a variety of different aprotic solvents have been examined in detail. The ILs selected—bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI–) salts with N-methyl-N-pentylpyrrolidinium (PY15+), -piperidinium (PI15+), or -morpholinium (MO15+) cations—enabled the investigation of how cation structure influences the mixture properties. This study includes the characterization of the thermal phase behavior of the mixtures and volatility of the solvents, density and excess molar volume, and transport properties (viscosity and conductivity). The mixtures with ethylene carbonate form a simple eutectic, whereas those with ethyl butyrate appear to form a new IL–solvent crystalline phase. Significant differences in the viscosity of the mixtures are found for different solvents, especially for the IL-rich concentrations. In contrast, only minor differences are noted for the conductivity with different solvents for the IL-rich concentrations. For the solvent-rich concentratio...


In this study we created a new routing fabric for r educing power and delay. The power consumed in a FPGA core consists of both static and dynamic components. Static power contributes only 10% of the total power consumed in a FPGA. On the other hand, dynamic power contributes over 90% of the total power consumed and it is the main source for their power inefficiency. By reducing net length and/or programming overhead the power consumption reduced. Routed net length reduced by using short intersects segments in the routing channels. By dec reasing the switch box and/or connection box flexibilities programming overhead reduced. In this study ,we concentrated on achieving 1.80 times lower consumption of dynamic power and 1.50 times less significant average net delays by rearchitecting the programmable routing fabrics such that both routed net lengths and programming overhead reduced without adversely affecting delay.


The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition containing snowflake extracts and hyacinth extracts and, more specifically, to a cosmetic composition containing snowflake extracts and hyacinth extracts as an active ingredient, having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, whitening, and wrinkle removing activities. According to the present invention, provided is the cosmetic composition containing 0.001-10 wt% of snowflake extracts and hyacinth extracts for the total weight thereof.


The use of sequence-defined polymers is an interesting emerging solution for materials identification and traceability. Indeed, a very large amount of identification sequences can be created using a limited alphabet of coded monomers. However, in all reported studies, sequence-defined taggants are usually included in a host material by non-covalent adsorption or entrapment, which may lead to leakage, aggregation or degradation. To avoid these problems, sequence-defined polymers were covalently-attached in the present work to the mesh of model materials, namely acrylamide hydrogels. To do so, sequence-coded polyurethanes containing a disulfide linker and a terminal methacrylamide moiety were synthesized by stepwise solid-phase synthesis. These methacrylamide macromonomers were afterwards copolymerized with acrylamide and bisacrylamide in order to achieve crosslinked hydrogels containing covalently-bound polyurethane taggants. It is shown herein that these taggants can be selectively detached from the hydrogel mesh by reactive desorption electrospray ionization. Using dithiothreitol the disulfide linker that link the taggant to the gel can be selectively cleaved. Ultimately, the released taggants can be decoded by tandem mass spectrometry. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


1. The following response is made on behalf of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS). The RCVS is the regulatory body for veterinary surgeons in the UK. The role of the RCVS is to safeguard the health and welfare of animals committed to veterinary care through the regulation of the educational, ethical and clinical standards of veterinary surgeons and nurses, thereby protecting the interests of those dependent on animals, and assuring public health. It also acts as an impartial source of informed opinion on relevant veterinary matters.


People use medicinal plants for as early prevention and treating disease. Medicinal plants must be careful not to cause side effects, so knowledge is needed. Medicinal plant knowledge is stored using an ontology data model. In some ontology studies, there are still shortcomings in managing information, namely the absence of a relationship between scientific terms related to medicinal plants and phrases already known to the public. Hence, it is necessary to have this relationship. In other studies, there is no information related to disease protein, so this research also develops ontologies to enrich knowledge about medicinal plants and their efficacy. Based on the results, the developed ontology test can build a relationship between scientific terms of therapeutic pants and phrases that are known to the public. The public also knows which proteins affect a disease, so public knowledge about medicinal plants is getting wider.


Background This retrospective propensity matched study investigated the impact of age on the survival benefit from a second arterial conduit to the left-sided circulation. Methods Data for isolated coronary artery bypass surgery were collected from October 2004 to March 2014. All patients with an internal mammary artery graft to left anterior descending artery and additional arterial or venous graft to the circumflex circulation were included. Propensity matching was used to balance co-variates and generate odds of death for each observation. Odds ratios (venous vs. arterial) were charted against age. Results The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.12% (arterial) vs. 1.24% (venous) (p = 0.77). The overall 10-year survival was 74.6% (venous) vs. 82.6% (arterial) (p = 0.001). A total of 1226 patients were successfully matched to the venous or arterial (second conduit to circumflex territory after left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery) cohorts. Odds ratio for death (venous to arterial) showed a linear decremental overall survival benefit for the second arterial graft to circumflex circulation with increasing age. Conclusions The survival benefit of a second arterial graft persists through all age groups with a gradual decline with increasing age over the decades. Elderly patients should not be denied a second arterial graft to the circumflex circulation based on age criterion alone.


Fifty-seven lichens were documented in Hooker's Supplement to the English Botany, published in five volumes from 1829 to 1866, when British lichenology was, until 1851, largely in a state of stagnation. These included 26 new lichens described by William Borrer, one of which, Verrucaria Hookeri (now Dacampia hookeri), has proved to be a lichenicolous lichen. The merit of his work is discussed. One new species, namely Strigula Babingtonii, was described by the Reverend Miles Joseph Berkeley, but this is now regarded as a non-lichenized ascomycete fungus. An attempt was made to trace the whereabouts of all the type specimens, and only one could not be located. The current taxonomic status of the new species was investigated by the critical study of original references. No names require correction, but the authorities for Bacidia incompta (Borrer) Anzi and Verrucaria fuscella (Turner) Winch & Thornhill need emendation. The copyright dates of the plates are given, which should be accepted as those of publication. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 154, 381–392.


In this letter, we present a human-in-the-loop learning framework for mobile robots to generate effective local policies in order to recover from navigation failures in long-term autonomy. We present an analysis of failure and recovery cases derived from long-term autonomous operation of a mobile robot, and propose a two-layer learning framework that allows to detect and recover from such navigation failures. Employing a learning by demonstration approach, our framework can incrementally learn to autonomously recover from situations it initially needs humans to help with. The learning framework allows for both real-time failure detection and regression using Gaussian processes. Our empirical results on two different failure scenarios indicate that given 40 failure state observations, the true positive rate of the failure detection model exceeds 90%, ending with successful recovery actions in more than 90% of all detected cases.


To define the optimal timing for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) after Fallot's Tetralogy (ToF) correction.


Since it has been proven that pesticides free products are helpful to prevent several health hazards. The demand for organic products is increasing all over the world. Thus, this study was conducted with the objective of identifying the factors influencing the consumers' willingness to pay for pesticide-free products in Bhaktapur districts of Nepal. 123 data were collected from four municipalities of Bhaktapur district (Suryabinayak municipality, Madhyapur Thimi municipality, Bhaktapur municipality and Changu Narayan municipality). Logistic regression was applied for the analysis of data. The result of logistic regression reveals that gender, age awareness about the presence of residue in vegetables and awareness about the problem of health from pesticide-free products significantly influence the willingness to pay for pesticide-free fruits and vegetables. Therefore, it is recommended that accessible outlets, reasonable price, and awareness programs on pesticide-free products will encourage local farmers and benefits consumers.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the main strategies of the CTL writing program for university students'' academic ability, which is one of the core tasks of CTL (Center for Teaching and Learning). In this study, we analyzed the current status of CTL writing program to support the academic ability of undergraduate students at 8 universities including Seoul National University, and 2 universities including Seoul National University of Education. In order to improve the academic capacity and academic literacy of college students, the details of CTL writing education program are summarized as 1) a summary writing and writing to QEG-based QER as textbook learning strategy (2) teaching writing ethics guidance based on text borrowing, (3) writing proficiency assessment and teaching for foreign students who are based on sheltered instruction, and Respectively.


Diabetes mellitus is a comorbid condition that is commonly seen in Indian population. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women. This can occur due to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. This study aims to analyses about the impact of diabetes mellitus on breast cancer outcomes. This study is a hospital record based descriptive cross – sectional study. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the institutional review board. All the patients diagnosed and on treatment for carcinoma breast in the year 2020 in the hospital was taken into consideration. Details about their age, stage at the time of diagnosis, presence of diabetes, their outcome at the end of study period was collected. The data were analysed with the help of a statistician. Diabetic patients had a slight chance of later stage of presentation as well as outcome in comparison with the non-diabetic counterparts. So, Care should be taken in diagnosing by screening and treating the diabetic patients with breast cancer.


The sampling points for the range devices, and in general for the 3D sensors, in the acquisition process, they are always affected by the noise due to the inherent limitations of the physical process of measure. The noise happens in form of atypical values, or in form of small deviations of the sampling points from the true surface. For this reason, some pre-processing type is required to obtain a model of valid surface from the group of physical measures. In this paper, three explored techniques are exposed to define a strategy of selection of representativ e points of a range image (random selection, SOM, k-means),


Soil erosion is threatening land sustainability. Piping erosion is one of the land degradation processes that lead to significant landscape and environmental changes, and request a proper mapping survey. The purpose of this study is to survey piping erosion susceptibility maps in Zarandeieh watershed of Markazi province using Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Bayesian Generalized Linear Models (Bayesian GLM) machine learning methods. For this purpose, due to the influence of different physiographic, environmental and soil conditions on the development and formation of piping, 18 variables were considered for modeling the piping erosion sensitivity in Zarandieh watershed. Based on field surveys and aerial photographs, 152 points of piping erosion were identified in the studied area, 70% of which was used for modeling, and 30% for model validation. The area under curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of the models used. The results of the pipping erosion susceptibility showed that all three RF, SVM and Bayesian GLM models, have a good performance in the validation stage such as the AUC shown with values of 0.9 for RF, 0.88 for SVM, and 0.87 for Bayesian GLM. Altitude, PH and Bulk density are the variables that had the most impact on the pipping erosion sensitivity in the study area. This result shows that topographical and soil chemical factors are responsible for the piping distribution in the Zarandieh watershed.


An efficient, blue-green laser source is urgently needed for the Navy submarine communication system as well as other applications. The rare-gas halide excimer lasers developed over the last few years appear to meet the requirements on efficiency and scalability, but the wavelength of their near-uv emission is too short for direct use. This report describes theoretical and experimental work on the feasibility of a novel, frequency conversion scheme, based on higher order Raman scattering, for efficiently shifting the uv wavelengths of these excimer lasers to the blue-green region. The technique uses an oscillator-amplifier combination, and the Raman medium is typically a gas such as hydrogen or deuterium at a pressure of several atmospheres. In preliminary experiments with a frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser (355 nm), photon efficiencies as high as 51 percent have been obtained for the second Stokes order, in very good agreement with computer simulations. More recently, the Raman oscillator-amplifier experiments have been extended to the case of an XeC1 pump laser. The Raman amplifier experiments led to the observation of significant conversion from 308 nm to 499 nm by third Stokes order shifting for the first time.


You know Australian politics has reached a low point when a lunatic billionaire coal magnate driving a Rolls Royce manages to appear less heartless and out-of-touch than the government.


Purpose – The attention, working memory, and mood of learners are the most important abilities in the learning process. This study was concerned with the comparison of contextualized attention, working memory, and mood through a neurocognitive-based model (5P) and a conventional model (5E). It sought to examine the significant change in attention, working memory, and mood of Grade 9 students after the intervention of a neurocognitive-based model (5P) and a conventional model (5E) in an experimental group and a control group, respectively. Methodology – A total of 76 out of 324 Grade 9 students were randomly selected from a high school located in Mahasarakham province, Thailand. A pre-test and post-test control group design was employed. The neurocognitive-based model (5P) was developed utilizing a neurocognitive-based theory and was implemented in the experiment group, while the conventional model (5E) was used in the control group. Three types of psychological tests were utilized as research instruments, namely the attention computerized battery test, the working memory computerized battery test, and the BondLadder visual analogue scale. MANOVA analysis was used to analyse the effect of these instructional models on student attention, working memory, and mood. 84 Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction: Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017): 83-110 Findings – The findings revealed that the overall attention, working memory, and mood conditioning mean score of the neurocognitivebased model (5P) interventions were better than in the conventional model. In conclusion, neurocognitive-based contextualization had more effect on the attention, working memory, and mood of Grade 9 students than conventional model (5E) contextualization. Significance – The findings contribute significantly to current knowledge on the effectiveness of the neurocognitive-based model (5P) to enhance student learning outcomes in terms of attention, working memory and mood.


During ground-tests of most production rocket engines over the last 30 years, large asymmetric transient side loads coming from the nozzle and related steady-state vibrational loads within the nozzle have been measured. The widely varying magnitude of these loads has been large enough to fail interfacing components as well as nozzles in these engines. This paper will discuss a comprehensive test and analysis program that has been undertaken to develop a methodology to accurately predict the character and magnitude of this loading. The project to-date has incorporated analytical modeling of both the fluid flow and the nozzle structure and testing of both full-scale and sub-scale rocket nodes. Examination of the test data indicates that one of the two-nodal diameter structural modes may be interacting with flow separation from the nozzle inside-wall in a self-excited or aeroelastic vibration phenomenon. If verified, this observation will be used to develop a methodology for design and analysis. A fuller understanding of the characteristics of this vibration will provide an increase in the accuracy and confidence of side load predictions, which will be critical for the successful construction of the next generation of low-cost, reliable rocket engines.


A 2 yr (1999–2000) study using water-pan traps in the field indicated four generations, including the spring generation, of cabbage maggot adults, Delia radicum (L.), in upstate New York. On averag...


The Antiproton Accumulator (AA) was built to collect antiprotons at the rate of 'L 6 x 1Ol1 per day for use in pp collision experiments in the SPS (2 x 270 GeV/c), the ISR (2 x 26 GeV/c), or for lowenergy i experiments with a small storage ring called LEAR that is now under construction. The antiprotons are produced in a target by 26 GeV/c protons and injected into the AA ring at 3.5 GeV/c (near the production peak) where they are cooled and stacked .


The developed SEMK model is used to provide an insight into the contribution of individual reactions in the cracking of methylcyclohexane as well as the site coverage by various carbenium ions. The preferred reaction pathways for the conversion of methylcyclohexane are hydride transfer reactions followed by PCP-isomerizations, deprotonation and en- docyclic β-scission, accounting for 61%, 22% and 12% of its disappearance, respectively, at 693 K and 30% conversion of methylcyclohexane. Protolysis plays a minor role in the cracking of methylcyclohexane. Once cyclic diolefins are formed, all of them can be instantaneously transformed to aromatics, which are easily interconverted via disproportionation. Judg- ing from the carbenium ion concentrations it is evident that, at the investigated operating conditions, less than 5% of the acid sites are covered by carbenium ions, less than 2% of which corresponds to cyclic type species including allylic ones.


In the wake of the recent terrorist attacks, such as the 2008 Mumbai hotel explosion or the December 25th 2009 "underwear bomber", our group has developed a technique (US patent #7368292) to apply differential reflective spectroscopy to the problem of detecting explosives in order to detect terrorist threats. Briefly, light (200-500 nm) is shone on a surface such as a piece of luggage at an airport or a parcel at a courier distribution center. Upon reflection, the light is collected with a spectrometer combined with a camera. A computer processes the data and produces in turn a differential reflection spectrum taken between two adjacent areas of the surface. This differential technique is highly sensitive and provides spectroscopic data of explosives. As an example, 2,4,6, trinitrotoluene (TNT) displays strong and distinct features in differential reflectograms near 420 nm. Similar, but distinctly different features are observed for other explosives such as RDX, PETN or ANFO. Our detection system uses a two dimension detector (CCD camera) which provide spatial and spectroscopic information in each of the two dimensions. By scanning (involving fixed optical equipment and scanning moving bags or parcels on a conveyor belt), the surface to be surveyed the system provide the spatial location of the potential threat. We present in this paper how our detector works and how it is applied to the problem of explosive screening for explosives at airports and mail sorting centers. Additionally, we will present the effect of the explosives morphology on the detection response. In particular we will evaluate the implication on the limit of detection of the instrument as well as discuss the sample morphology with respect to a realistic threat scenario.


This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide( LPS) challenge on the expression of the key genes in toll-like receptor 4( TLR4) signaling pathway of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal( HPA) axis of piglets. Twelve weaner piglets were allotted to two groups( 6 replicates per group and 1piglet per replicate). The piglets in the experimental group were injected with 100 μg / kg body weight LPS,whereas the piglets in the control group were injected with an equivalent amount of sterile saline. At 4 h postchallenge,blood samples were collected for determining stress-related hormones contents in the plasma. Following blood collection at 4 h,the piglets were slaughtered,and hypothalamus,pituitary gland and adrenal gland were collected. The mRNA expression levels of the key genes in TLR4 signaling pathway,including TLR4,myeloid differentiation factor 88( My D88),IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1( IRA K1),tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6( TRAF6) and nuclear factor-κB( NF-κB) in HPA axis,were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed as follows: compared with control group,1) LPS significantly increased plasma TNF-α,cortisol and adrenocorticotropin contents( P 0.05). 2) After LPS challenge,TLR4 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in hypothalamus,pituitary gland and adrenal gland( P 0.05). My D88 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in pituitary gland and adrenal gland( P0.05). The mRNA expression level of My D88 in the hypothalamus had a tendency to increase( P0.10).IRA K1 mRNA expression level in pituitary gland and adrenal gland had a tendency to increase( P 0. 10).TRA F6 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in hypothalamus,pituitary gland and adrenal gland( P0.05). NF-κB mRNA expression level was significantly increased in pituitary gland( P0.05). These results indicate that LPS challenge actives HPA axis and induces the mRNA expression levels of the key genes in TLR4 signaling pathway of HPA axis.


In most reported works about robot learning by demonstration (LbD), the demonstration is normally limited to simple gestures or grasp actions. In this paper, motion trajectory oriented LbD is studied in which free form 3-D motion trajectory is extracted to characterize certain human demonstrations. We propose to build effective description to motion trajectories to be learned by a robot instead of learning the raw trajectory data. A novel signature descriptor is formulated which serves as a generic and invariant description for motion trajectories. More importantly, a trajectory reproduction algorithm based on the learned signature is investigated to enable a robot to repeat/follow the reproduced trajectory instance. Experiments are reported to show the signature description and the reproduction algorithm for further application to the LbD.


Abstract : The temperature dependence of the Debye parameter of tungsten has been calculated with two modifications incorporated into the original Debye theory of solids. These modifications are: (1) the assumption of a common cutoff wavelength for the elastic waves, and (2) a sinusoidal dispersion relation between the wavelength and the frequency which leads to a frequency dependence of the wave velocities. This model yields results for the Debye parameter which are in accord with experimental measurements. (Author)


Background: Acute gastroenteritis is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Objective: current
study aimed to evaluate the effect of application of educational guidelines about preventive
measures of acute gastroenteritis on mothers' knowledge and reported practices. Methods: A quasi
experimental design was used in this study. The study was carried out in outpatient clinics affiliated
to Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt. Subjects of this study was a purposive sample
of (100) mothers with their children attended outpatient clinics. A
developed structured
questionnaire sheet to assess mothers' knowledge and reported practice.
Results: there was a
statistically significant difference in mothers' knowledge and reported practice about preventive
measures of acute gastroenteritis post implementation of educational guidelines. Conclusion: there
was an enhancement in the mothers' knowledge and reported practice after application of
educational guidelines about preventive measures of acute gastroenteritis. Recommendations:
Continuous educational programs for health care providers and educators about gastroenteritis to be
delivered at outpatient clinics.


Landslide recognition is widely used in natural disaster risk management. Traditional landslide recognition is mainly conducted by geologists, which is accurate but inefficient. This article introduces multiple instance learning (MIL) to perform automatic landslide recognition. An end-to-end deep convolutional neural network is proposed, referred to as Multiple Instance Learning–based Landslide classification (MILL). First, MILL uses a large-scale remote sensing image classification dataset to build pre-train networks for landslide feature extraction. Second, MILL extracts instances and assign instance labels without pixel-level annotations. Third, MILL uses a new channel attention–based MIL pooling function to map instance-level labels to bag-level label. We apply MIL to detect landslides in a loess area. Experimental results demonstrate that MILL is effective in identifying landslides in remote sensing images.


In this paper several hypotheses on the characteristics of employers which are contributing to employment growth are explored. Based on the analysis of a new data set for such studies, the Employment Service ES202 Unemployment Compensation data, an attempt is made to analyze empirically the statements of others, most notably Birch, as to the sources of employment growth. Among the issues explored are the contributions to employment growth by size, age, industry, and past employment history of establishments. It is concluded that sources and patterns of employment growth are more complex than past simplistic statements indicate.


Phytochemical investigation of the hydroethanolic extract of the inner stem bark of Dilodendron bipinnatum (HEDb) by column chromatography led to the separation of three major fractions: a) a mixture of phytosterols (ST mixture), including β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2) and campesterol (3); b) a mixture of 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (4) and 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl-stigmasterol (5) (SGP mixture); and c) epicatechin (6), as a single isolate. Their structures were determined by spectrometric analysis using 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and GC-MS. The safety profile of the SGP mixture, when evaluated on RAW 264.7 cells, using the alamar blue® assay, exhibited no cytotoxic effects. The anti-inflammatory activity was comparatively analyzed in vivo using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis model in mice, showing a strong reduction of leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity using both the SGP mixture and the HEDb. In vitro assessment of nitric oxide (NO) in the macrophagic RAW 264.7 cell line showed an inhibition of NO by the SGP mixture when cells were stimulated with LPS. Taken together, the results show an important contribution of the sterol glucoside mixture on the anti-inflammatory activity of HEDb. Also, one of the mechanisms for such inhibition seems to be a direct inhibition of NO production in stimulated macrophages.


Inter-ethnic conflicts have been mainly addressed at a geo-political and economic level in the literature of international relations, often neglecting the human factor, both as a negotiating agent (in terms of political leaders/negotiators), and as the target-people affected by the proposed solutions. This thesis has focused on the psychological processes taking place at a group level between conflicting sides. In particular, it examined the role of political and social trust and that of inter-group emotions in conflict resolution amongst young Greek Cypriots. The thesis employed a multi-methodological approach to study the correlates of social and political trust and its consequences for conflict resolution. Study 1 involved the administration of questionnaires to 280 Greek Cypriot students. Its main findings were that young people's trust levels and also Understanding of trust is target specific, based not only on the in-group/out-group status of these targets but also on their political/social character and their particular relationship with the Greek Cypriot people. Concerning the correlates of trust, both in-group/out-group social and ingroup/out-group political trust were related differentially to different identifications, demographics and political interest, knowledge and ideology. Furthermore it was found that, compared to out-group/in-group political trust, out-group/in-group social trust appeared to be more relevant to attitudes toward reconciliation. Study 2 involved semi-structured interviews with 20 Greek Cypriot students, which were analysed using content and thematic analysis. Its findings were, first, that different inter-group emotions are related to different cognitive and emotional intergroup evaluations and, second, that inter-group social trust and political trust are based both on cognitive evaluations (the differences/commonalities of the in-group with the out-group, the history of the relationship, the existence of in-group/out-group bias, the familiarity/proximity of the two groups, power relations, procedural trust and general distrust) and evaluations of the out-group's and the in-group's emotions (fear, hate, anger). Study 3 involved administering questionnaires to 354 Greek Cypriot students. Drawing on the results of the previous two studies, its findings were, first, that


AbstractRegions of flame stability were obtained experimentally for a premixed butane/air flame stabilised by an axially mounted solid rod for low Reynolds numbers (Re<3600). Equivalence ratios ranging from 0·4 to 3·0 were applied in the present study. There were two non-dimensional parameters proposed to represent the variation of geometrical configurations: rod protrusion BR (0–2) and rod to tube ratio BT (0·51–0·8). Inverted, partially inverted and regular (Bunsen) flames were fundamental flame types identified across the stable regions. Inter-regions were characterised by the existence of more than one stable flame type, primarily depending on the axial and radial distances of the ignition source from the burner port. The size of the unstable region extended with increasing BR, and the effect of BT showed a similar trend. The use of rod of smaller diameter extended the flashback region, whereas blow-off limits were less dependent on these geometrical parameters. The rod stabilised method enabled the p...


In recent years, there is growing importance of a new non-waste technology in wine industry that contributes to environmental protection. Relatively frequently vineyard waste wood cut off during winter time is used to produce fuel pellets. Another option is the use of grape marc for the briquettes production and then for further production of energy or gaining oil by pressing the separated seeds. This paper discusses the evaluation of pellets features from cakes of grape seeds from the energetical point of view as well as from the point of compliance with the standards for production of pellets. The calorimetric measurement was first determined by the calorific value of the pellets of grapevines wood, seeds, grape marc and cakes. The pellets of the separated seeds had the net calorific value of 19.54 ± 0.67 MJ·kg -1 compared to those from grapevine wood pellets 16.39 ± 0.18 MJ·kg -1 , seedless grape marc pellets 16.85 ± 0.46 MJ·kg -1 and cake pellets 18.60 ± 0.72 MJ·kg -1 . The smaller net calorific value of cake pellets compared with the pellets made from seeds is due to the reduced amount of oil-based substances in cake produced during the oil-pressing process. The quantity is reduced by 4060 %, yet the calorific value is satisfactory, when compared to other types of fuel. When carrying out the pellet test, emissions were analysed and in most parameters complied with national as well as international standards. Double amount of sulphur content has been found in cake pellets, which has negative effects on the environment. The content of chlorine was slightly higher, around 0.11 % compared to the limit of 0.1 %, which negatively affects the combustion equipment. A possible solution to reduce these over-limit values is to mix pellets from cake with other pellets. The mixture that meets all emission requirements and reaches a calorific value of 17.36 ± 0.06 MJ·kg -1 was tested and is finally made up of 50 % of seedless grape marc, 30 % of grapevine waste wood and 20 % of cake.


where ) , ( 2 1 u u u  is the velocity vector field.  and P denote the scalar temperature and pressure of the fluid, respectively. The positive constants  and  denote the viscosity and thermal diffusivity. ) 1 , 0 ( 2  e is the unit vector in the vertical direction. For the sake of simplicity, we denote     : , the square root of the negative Laplacian. The Boussinesq system is nonlinear partial differential equations models the thermal convection and geophysical flows, which plays an important role in the atmospheric sciences and oceanographic turbulence (see, e.g., [1, 2]). Our main focus of the research on the 2D Boussinesq system has been on the global regularity issue when only fractional dissipation is present. So far, there has been a lot of literature about this model.


IN THE design of digital computers the input and output data are often fed in or taken out in analogue form. These analogue forms may be voltages, pressures, meter readings, graphs, and so forth. At some point the output signals usually have to be converted from electronic form to mechanical motions or to indications of some nature.


Purpose – Adult offenders diagnosed with developmental disabilities have been referred for services to a Northeast Ohio county agency. The purpose of this paper is to examine their repartition in the three areas of the county as determined by zip codes, their involvement with the criminal justice system, types of offenses they committed, their indictment, and the court outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a geographic information system (GIS) mapping based on secondary data collected from the 2008 to 2012 American Community Survey and a random sample of 160 participants selected from an agency database including 850 clients. Findings – The authors found that the concentrations of offenders in the core city, inner, and outer suburbs of the county were, respectively 71.7, 19.6, and 8.7 percent. The largest racial groups included African Americans (112; 70 percent) and Whites (33; 20.6 percent). Male offenders (155; 96.9 percent) outnumbered female offenders. Of the offenses committed, 42....