A catheter system for a stent and placed to perform angioplasty, comprising: a stent delivery sheath (60) having a proximal end (62) and a distal end and an internal lumen; a stent self-expansion (70), having an unexpanded state and an expanded state; and a combination angioplasty and stent pusher (102) having a catheter shaft (106, 107) with an expandable member (130) mounted near a distal end of said catheter shaft; wherein said catheter system has an undeployed configuration in which said stent self-expansion is in said unexpanded state, and is located within a distal portion of said internal lumen of said sheath stent delivery, and that combination angioplasty and stent pusher is located within said internal lumen of said sheath stent delivery proximal to said stent self-expansion, whereby said combination angioplasty and stent pusher can be used to deploy said stent self-expanding, retracting said sheath stent delivery while said combination angioplasty and stent pusher to release said stent self-expansion outside said distal end of said sheath stent delivery is maintained, thereby allowing said stent self-Expansio n expand to said expanded condition, and subsequently advancing said combination angioplasty catheter and pusher distally stent until said expandable member is locate within said stent expansion and expanding said expandable member to further expand said stent self -expansion.


Ca 2+ - ATP ase enzyme is transmembrane protein which is found in membrane cell. This protein works as a pump in many cases such as thalassemia which causes leakage of the cell as there is oxidation of sulphidril chain from amino acid in membrane. The calcium-ion intake must be pumped out to get red blood cell homeostatic condition. The aim of this paper is to determine the activity of Ca 2+ - ATPase enzyme as a pump of Ca ion in membrane cell.


This Final Report summarizes the progress of Phases 3,3A and 4 of a waste technology Demonstration Project sponsored under a DOE Environmental Management Research and Development Program and administered by the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory-Morgantown (DOE-NETL) for an ''Innovative Fossil Fuel Fired Vitrification Technology for Soil Remediation''. The Summary Reports for Phases 1 and 2 of the Program were previously submitted to DOE. The total scope of Phase 3 was to have included the design, construction and demonstration of Vortec's integrated waste pretreatment and vitrification process for the treatment of low level waste (LLW), TSCA/LLW and mixed low-level waste (MLLW). Due to funding limitations and delays in the project resulting from a law suit filed by an environmental activist and the extended time for DOE to complete an Environmental Assessment for the project, the scope of the project was reduced to completing the design, construction and testing of the front end of the process which consists of the Material Handling and Waste Conditioning (MH/C) Subsystem of the vitrification plant. Activities completed under Phases 3A and 4 addressed completion of the engineering, design and documentation of the MH/C System such that final procurement of the remaining processmore » assemblies can be completed and construction of a Limited Demonstration Project be initiated in the event DOE elects to proceed with the construction and demonstration testing of the MH/C Subsystem. Because of USEPA policies and regulations that do not require treatment of low level or low-level/PCB contaminated wastes, DOE terminated the project because there is no purported need for this technology.« less


The newest building at NIH, and the first which the National Institute of Dental Research could call its own, was dedicated Friday, May 26. A distinguished assembly of speakers and approximately 600 guests participated in the outdoor ceremonies, sandwiched in between showers. Dr. Francis A. Arnold, NIDR Director, and Dr. John Knutson, Chief Public Health Service Dental Officer, collaborated as presiding officers. Research Parallels Growth The principal speaker, Dr. Emory Morris, President of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, pointed to the significant parallel in the evolution of dental research and the growth of the NIDR in scope and influence. "Only three decades have elapsed since Dr. H. Trendly Dean (first Institute Director) and his dental hygiene unit formed the nucleus of what grew into this now internationally famous Institute," Dr. Morris recalled. "We in the Kellogg Foundation," (Continued on Page k)


Since the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) in 1975, children with mental retardation have had increasing educational opportunities (Williamson et al. 2006). In more recent years, the move toward greater inclusion of students with mental retardation has fueled interest in the academic and social outcomes for these students, as researchers, educators, and advocates consider the implications of educating students with mental retardation in general versus special education settings (Freeman and Alkin 2000; Hughes et al. 2002; Lipsky and Gartner 1997; Sandler 1999). In addition, concerns have been raised as to whether curricula and instruction provided in various instructional settings are effective, appropriate, and properly implemented (Bouck 2004; Conderman and Katsiyannis 2002).


The synthesis of new grid-type complexes of Co 2+ and Fe 2+ based on a highly soluble double hydrazone framework is reported. The data obtained from 1 H NMR, FT-IR, and elemental analysis indicate that the complexes adopted a grid-like structure. Electronic properties of the metallogrids were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy in chloroform, methanol, and dichloromethane. Additionally, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were carried out in N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF). These compounds exhibited two oxidation processes corresponding to the organic ligand and several reductions events, comprising the ligand and metal centers. Furthermore, the interplay between the metal nature and the ligand framework was also studied in detail. These results represent an advancement in the chemistry of metallogrids not only because of the few reports concerning to the electrochemical properties found in the literature, but also for the design of novel hydrazone ligands of high solubility and easy preparation.


Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) converges on the optimal path with pheromones cumulating and updating, adopting the mechanism of distributed parallel search. Ant colony system is well self-adoptive and dynamic with making full use of current feedback, which is similar to the dynamic performance of the grid and is proved to be an effective algorithm to solve scheduling problems. But the existing ant colony algorithm can not solve the scheduling problems liking misusing good performance resources for minor purposes. This paper presents a "making concessions in order to gain advantages" algorithm—an improved algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for job scheduling problems. Experimental results show that improved ACO approach can solve the problem and outperform ACO.


The content of renin in rabbit uterus is known to increase many fold during pregnancy followed by a rapid fall to normal levels within a few days after delivery. In order to study this mechanism the blood concentrations of renin and its substrate were measured. Contrary to the concentration of renin in uterus, the plasma renin concentrations were not increased either during pregnancy or in the post partum period. The renin-substrate concentration was unchanged during the first part of pregnancy but was increased 2–3-fold in the days around delivery. This increase resulted in a corresponding increase in plasma renin activity. It was concluded that the rapid inactivation of uterine renin post partum was due to a local inactivation and not to a release of renin to the blood.


This paper demonstrates that, given the assumption that asset returns are generated by the linear market model, the same functional form for the capital asset pricing model can be derived via the simpler linear programming approach for the riskaverse, risk-neutral, and risk-loving market regimes.


A prior introduction into the memory of a document in a non-validated state, to be acquired by validation, and a function of acquiring the document, independent of the electronic purse function. When it is wished to acquire such a document, the sales terminal and the independent functions of acquisition and electronic payment of the card are put in communication. A document acquisition order is placed, transmitted to the acquisition function by the terminal. Verification of the presence in the card of the document to be validated and its authenticity and a verification of the presence and authenticity of an amount in the purse for the acquisition of a document are organized. If the two verification steps are positive, a simultaneously sending of a global agreement signal to each of the functions is organized in order simultaneously on the one hand to validate the document as an acquired document and on the other hand to debit the purse by the amount of the acquisition.


This report presents the findings of a study that was designed to characterize the pivotal teaching moments (PTMs), as defined by Stockero & Van Zoest, (2012), faced by experienced mathematics teachers. To better understand how experienced mathematics teachers identify the PTMs and appropriately respond to them, the mathematics teaching videos from Annenberg Learner's multimedia resources were analyzed. Implications for teacher education are discussed.


FIELD: organic chemistry, medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I): wherein R 1 means hydrogen atom (H) or (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl; R 2 means (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, -CH 2 -O-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, -OH or -CH 2 OH; R 2a means H; or R 2 and R 2a for in common -CH 2 -CH 2 -; R 3 means halogen atom, perhalogenalkyl, -CN, -SR 5 , -NHR 5 , -N(R 5 ) 2 , aryl or heteroaryl wherein indicated aryl can comprise optionally up to two substitutes chosen from (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, halogen atom, perhalogenalkyl and alkoxy-group, and indicated heteroaryl can comprise optionally up to two substitutes chosen from halogen atom and (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl; R 4 means H, halogen atom, perhalogenalkyl, -CN, -OR 5 , -SR 5 , -NHR 5 , -N(R 5 ) 2 , -OH, aryl or heteroaryl wherein indicated aryl can comprise optionally up to two substitutes chosen from (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, halogen atom, perhalogenalkyl and alkoxy-group, and indicated heteroaryl can comprise optionally up to two substitutes chosen from halogen atom and (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl; or R 3 and R in common with atoms to which they are added can form 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring comprising one oxygen atom (O); each R 5 means independently (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )-alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alheteroarylalkyl, perhalogenalkyl or allyl; R 6 means H or (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or hydrates under condition that if R 6 differs from H then R 4 can't mean H; if R 1 and R 2 mean methyl and R 4 means H then R 3 can't -NHR 5 or -N(R 5 ) 2 ; if R 1 and R 2 mean methyl and R 4 means H then R 3 can't imidazole, substituted imidazole or imidazole derivative. Also, invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition used for modulation of 5-HT 2C receptors, a method for modulation of 5-HT 2C receptors, a method for prophylaxis or treatment of disorders of the central nervous system and obesity, a method for reducing food consumption in mammals, a method for inducing the satisfying sense in mammals and to a method for preparing the composition. Invention provides synthesis of novel compounds possessing useful biological properties and preparing pharmaceutical composition based on thereof. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of compounds and pharmaceutical composition. 70 cl, 1 tbl, 57 ex


This investigation discusses the performance of an organic light-emitting device (OLED) with ultraviolet (UV) illuminated and remote pulsed Ar plasma (RPAP), treated copper phthalcyanine (CuPc) thin film on an indium tin oxide anode as the hole-blocking layer. UV treatment increased the driving voltage, the current efficiency decreased at the same time due to the poor sticking probability of NPB on the CuPc surface. By contrast, the driving voltage reduction and current efficiency enhancement were achieved


Self-fulfilling prophecies on education cover various phenomena: examination neu-rosis , Pygmalion effects , scholarships , delinquencies , and bullying , School and university rankings can also have the function of self-fulfilling prophecies , especially in ]apan. The ranking in ]apan is well known , and the hierarchy is indicated mos t1 y by the difficulty of the admission examination. Students are eager to enter higher ranked schools/universities. Institutionalized allocation systems promote the tendency , and the ranking is more elaborated. A simple threshold model of two schools , present the basic mechanism. The simulation model shows: (1) Lit t1 e differences may increase rapidly , and attain a stable equilibrium at the maximum leve 1. (2) If nobody wants the differentiation , it is generated. (3) The acuteness of response to other peoples' be. ・ havior , decides whether the difference is created or no t. The correlation of university rankings in 1975 and in 1993 is more than 0.80. Despite the difference in regimes , the two correlations - in the national and public universities and in private universities , are much the same. Although the long term stability of the hierarchy suggests the fulfillment of such prophecies , it is not the sufficient condition of them. Four methods to verify empirically whether the prophecy is truly self-fulfilled , are presented. The first two are direct but difficult in practice. The last two are indirect , using time-series or cross-sectional data on the variances of the ability of the examinees.


This paper focuses on plastic waste sorting intentions to address municipal solid waste challenges in developing countries. This study also adapts the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in evaluating the determinants of plastic waste sorting intentions among Nigerian students. Nine hundred and thirty-nine respondents participated through questionnaire surveys. Findings of structural equation modelling depict that perceived behavioral control had the highest impact on the respondents' plastic waste sorting intentions, followed by subjective norms; however, attitude was found to be insignificant and TPB explained 77% of the variance in waste sorting intentions. The importance of other influencing factors is also considered such as environmental awareness, volunteering, and study program in evaluating plastic waste sorting intentions and these factors were found to be statistically significant. Therefore, the results from this study add to the limited body of information on the application of TPB and other influencing factors in the study of plastic waste sorting in Nigeria. The findings also provide suggestions to current and prospective policymakers on the relevance of introducing waste sorting management practices such as recycling bins in Nigerian university premises and campaigns for waste sorting and recycling activities.


We investigate how different types of haptic feedback to hand affect the perceived size of a virtual object. Multiple haptic interfaces are designed to deliver different types of haptic feedback to hand. In the preliminary experiment, we investigated the effect of cutaneous feedback on the perceived size of the virtual object. The experimental results indicate that the availability of cutaneous feedback resulted in an insignificant effect on the perceived size of the virtual object. On the other hand, the availability of cutaneous feedback led the participants to exert significantly smaller grip force than when there is only force feedback. In the main experiment, we provided haptic feedback to the dorsum of the hand to modulate the hand kinesthesia at the moment of contact with the virtual object. For the reference stimuli, skin-stretch or vibrotactile feedback was provided to a participant's hand along with cutaneous and force feedback to the fingertips. Reference stimuli were rendered only with cutaneous and force feedback to the fingers. The experimental results indicate a significant effect of the type of haptic feedback to the dorsum of a hand. The skin-stretch feedback led the participants to feel virtual objects with a size of 40 mm, larger than without the feedback. The vibrotactile feedback resulted in the perceived size of virtual objects with a size of 20 or 40 mm, smaller than without the vibrotactile feedback.


Abstract The velocity of seawater flowing past coupons is known to increase the rate of marine immersion corrosion. This has been demonstrated both in laboratory conditions under short-term exposur...


Construction of very big mine tailings deposition sites, such as postflotation tailings ponds, is a complicated engineering task, in which several technical and environmental problems need to be solved. Designing, construction and operation of such an object applying the monitoring method consists in the verification of design assumptions based on continuous observations. One of the primary tasks of monitoring while the deposition site is being filled with tailings is to control quality of the formed dam embankments, as the structural element of the object responsible for its stability. In order to use material selected from deposited tailings in the construction of dams it is necessary to define grain size and compaction criteria, which directly affect load bearing capacity and deformation of the structure. For this reason main control tests include the analyses of grain size distribution and physical properties of the material embedded in the dams. These data may also be used to estimate filtration capacity of the embankment. A lack of drainage, causing accumulation of water within the embankment, may potentially deteriorate stability conditions. This paper presents the use of empirical formulas, i.e. formulas typically applied to natural soils, to assess permeability coefficient of tailings. A simple empirical formula was also proposed for the estimation of permeability coefficient of tailings based on grain size and compaction parameters determined in routine quality tests of constructed dam embankments.


An analytical method for calculating the parameters of the electroneutral vacancies formation and self-diffusion of atoms in a single-component crystal is proposed. The method is based on the 4-parameters pairwise Mie--Lennard-Jones interatomic interaction potential. The method allows calculating all the activation processes parameters: Gibbs energy, enthalpy, entropy and volume for both the vacancy formation process and the self-diffusion process. The method is applicable at any pressure (P) and temperature (T). The temperature dependencies of the activation processes parameters for gold are calculated from T=10 K to 1330 K along two isobars P=0 and 24 GPa. It is shown that at low temperatures, due to quantum regularities, activation parameters strongly depend on temperature, and the entropy of activation processes in this region has a negative value. In the high temperature region, the probability of vacancy formation and the self-diffusion coefficient pass into classical Arrhenius dependencies with a weakly temperature-dependent enthalpy and with a positive value of the activation process entropy. Good agreements were obtained with the estimates of activation parameters for gold known from the literature. The values of activation parameters at T=0 K were discussed. Keywords: vacancy, self-diffusion, interatomic potential, gold, state equation, thermal expansion.


Abstract;Based on comparing and analyzing characteristics in the backgrounds,mechanisms,market access policies, effects and development trends regarding the formulation and implementation of urban retail planning in France, Japan and the United Kingdom,the article points out that it is vital to the Chinese government to formulate and implement a scientific and systematic urban retail planning with authority and binding force,and that macro-guidance should be strengthened.


Developing digital biomarkers requires handling unprecedented quantities of digital data generated from digital health technologies that utilize a combination of computing platforms, connectivity, software, and sensors. These collected data need to be transformed and transported into a meaningful and useful format before further being derived into health indicators for understanding disease state and life quality. The unique challenges for this class of data engineering tasks are due to the complexity and volume of the digital data we are handling, the data quality and fidelity required to enable subsequent analysis, and the repeated cycles of trial and error to achieve the desired results. This paper presents a family of systems, pipelines, and methods we have designed and built to facilitate these tasks in a typical digital data engineering lifecycle in the context of digital biomarker development.


2 It has been ten years since the Global Financial Crisis. Many of you will be familiar with the post-crisis reforms to make the financial system more stable and resilient, such as on the quality and quantity of banking regulatory capital and the enhanced liquidity requirements. A minimum leverage ratio has also been introduced as a "back-stop" to complement the risk-weighted capital requirements. The Financial Stability Board also led various work to address "too-big-to-fail" concerns, and Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs) are now subject to higher capital, more intense supervision and resolution planning requirements.


In order to meet the urgent need for diagnosis of ECU (Electronic Control Unit) function, this paper proposed an simulation approach for ECU intelligent off-line diagnosis based on ontology. A simulation diagnostic system for ECU was established based on this approach. In this system, the minimum numbers of input and output signals to maintain the normal operation of ECU was provided. With the knowledge model constructed in OWL ontology language, the system can simulate the operation environment of ECU and reason the best next operation step. On this basis, the input signals were intelligent regulated. We validated the proposed approach. Proposed approach could help diagnosis engineer to fast diagnose the fault of ECU, and provide valuable reference to development and test of the control strategy of ECU.


Evapotranspiration (ET) defined as the flux of water between the surface (soil + vegetation) and the atmosphere is one of the main components of the terrestrial water budget. Its continuous monitoring at large spatial scales arouses particular interest in disciplines like water management, agriculture, hydrology, ecology and climate monitoring. The instantaneous (MET) and daily (DMET) evapotranspiration products developed in the framework of EUMETSAT's Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility (LSA-SAF) are generated by a physical based algorithm, forced with radiative data from MSG satellites and auxiliary sources (Ghilain et al , 2011). The MET and DMET products are in operational status since August 2009 and November 2010 respectively. More and more users start using these products on regular basis. The MET and DMET products has been satisfactorily validated in different climates and environments, showing very good performances for well-watered conditions prevailing notably in Europe. At the same time, some deficiencies in dry areas were revealed. Research has been pursued in order to improve model performances on those areas by including new satellite-derived products that can better depict the real stated of vegetation, soil and environment.


Sara El Youbi An off-line ion guide quadrupole mass spectrometer system Master's thesis Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 2017, 63 pages. The commissioning of a new off-line ion guide quadrupole mass spectrometer (IGQMS) system, an off-line platform for the testing and development of new techniques to be implemented at the IGISOL– facility, is presented in this thesis. The differential pumping system is investigated and results of efficiency measurements of the front part of the system using a 223Ra alpha-recoil source are presented. Operational gas cell pressures from 1 up to 700 mbar have been demonstrated while maintaining operational pressure in the QMS chamber. A range of pressure measurements with different parameters is presented, and a transport efficiency through a squeezer-skimmer system of nearly 100 % has been measured.


Comprehensive assisted living solutions require interdisciplinary contributions, during development as well as during operation. What can be done, so that the prerequisites for a real market for comprehensive assisted living solutions are fulfilled? The position paper list the actions that are currently started by EU and local governments in order to foster the evolvement of the market for assisted living products.


In the world of e-business, the rapid growth of the market and fierce competition between the increasing numbers of participants add up to new innovations every day leading to short development cycles. New business models and a herd of start-up companies emerge every few months, to exploit the new opportunities. The traditional business has had rough times trying to keep up with the rapid development of e-business.


A generalized time-dependent nonlinear perturbation theory for coupled fields of neutrons, nuclides, and delayed neutron precursors is presented in a unified, yet detailed, formulation for diverse areas of applications, including depletion analysis, xenon poisoning, reactor kinetics, and pulsed neutron problems. Several applications of this formulation are discussed including cross-section sensitivity analysis and reactor design and operation sensitivity analysis.


The Vietnamese Government has implemented agricultural land acquisition for urbanization (ALAFU) since 2010 which has caused a high level of social-economic transition in the country. In this paper, we applied the gender and development approach to discover how ALAFU has influenced the household gender equality in affected areas in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. The data for this paper was mainly collected from two household group surveys, four group discussions, and six key informant interviews. Group 1 covers 50 affected households whose agricultural land was acquired for urbanization, while Group 2 consists of 50 households whose agricultural land was not taken away. The findings reveal that ALAFU has led to reduced access to agricultural land for group 1, but has contributed to an increase of economic status for women in both groups by creating non-farming job opportunities with a good income. However, most of their new jobs are still informal, contain potential risks, and the unpaid care work burden is heavy. Moreover, although the rate of women participating in household decision making has increased, the quality of participation is limited. Their participation in social activities and vocational training courses has improved insignificantly. Therefore, if the Government continues to promote ALAFU, they should take structural gender inequalities into account to achieve their sustainable development goals.


In this paper, we prove that any locally trivialfibre bundles p : X―>B with fibre M a manifold modeled on an infinitedimensional space E (e. g. the Hilbert space l2 or the Hilbert cube Q) is bundle isomorphic to the bundle />°proj: Xx E―>B. Further, we can obtain a strong version of this Bundle StabilityTheorem. From Bundle Stability Theorem, we can introduce the notion of deficiency in bundles. We show that a finite union of locally deficientsets is deficientand we prove a bundle version of Mapping Replacement Theorem. §0. Introduction. A Hilbert (Hilbert cube) manifold, brieflyl2-manifold (Q-manifold), is a paracompact space M admitting an open cover by sets homeomorphic (= ) to open subsets of the Hilbert space lz (the Hilbert cube Q). These manifolds are topologically stable, that is, M^Mxl2 (M^MxQ). This Stability Theorem due to R. D. Anderson and R. M. Schori [A-S] is most fundamental in the theory of infinite-dimensional manifolds. In this paper, we establish the stability theorem for locally trivial fibre bundles with fibre an /2-manifold or a Q-manifold. We will callthese bundles l2-manifold bundles or Q-manifold bundles, respectively. Bundle Stability Theorem. {Assume B is metrizable.) (A) An l2-manifold bundle is bundle isomorphic to p°pro'}:Xxlz-^B. (B) A Q-manifold bundle is bundle isomorphic to £°proj:XxQ―*B. Here a bundle p : X-^B is bundle isomorphic to a bundle p': X'-^B if there exists homeomorphism h : X-+X' such that p'h = p (such a homeomorphism is called a bundle homeomorphism). In this theorem, there is a bundle homeomorphism h : Xxl2-*X (h : XxQ -X) is homotopic to the projection proj: Xxl2-^X (proj: XxQ―*X) by a small bundle Received October 8, 1980.


AbstractThe current number of deficient U.S. bridges makes the evaluation of bridge condition paramount to a state highway department in developing a bridge management system. State DOTs routinely visually inspect bridges on 24-month cycles. Findings from these inspections are numerically summarized by bridge inspectors for bridge condition ratings and additionally documented with inspector notes and pictures. However, bridge inspections include a human factor, which introduces bias and subjectivity. Consequently, bridge inspection values are tainted with nonuniformity. This article presents gigapixel technology as an inexpensive quality assurance/quality control tool that can easily be implemented by a state DOT for their bridge inspections. The process includes developing gigapixel panoramas of a bridge that can later be reviewed by bridge engineers trained for this task. The proposed approach is used to supplement visual bridge inspection to improve quality control among bridge inspections. This approa...


In this paper, the possibilities for forming non-circular pulleys using laser cutting techniques and cutting techniques using water jets with abrasive materials are described. Research on laser cutting with use of gases for formation of carbon steel and acid-resistant steel pulleys is also discussed. The advantages of water jet cutting of non-circular pulleys are shown, and the methodology for measuring machined pulleys with a coordinate measuring technique is also presented. Use of computer-aided design systems with a range of software enabling automation of CNC contour saw control and optimization processes for formed elements spacing are all also discussed.


The low lattice thermal conductivity in inorganic clathrates has been shown recently to be related to the low-energy range of optical phonons dominated by motions of guest atoms trapped in a network of host covalent cages. A promising route to further reduce the heat conduction, and increase the material efficiency for thermoelectric heat waste conversion, is then to lower the energy of these guest-weighted optical phonons. In the present work, the effect of the host cage geometry is explored. The lattice dynamics of the binary type-IX clathrate, $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{24}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{100}$, has been investigated experimentally by means of inelastic neutron scattering as a function of temperature between 5 and 280 K, and computed by ab initio density functional techniques. It is compared with the lattice dynamics of $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{8}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{46}$, the simplest representative of the well-known type-I clathrate structure. The binary $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{8}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{46}$ and $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{24}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{100}$ materials have both a cubic unit cell made of different Si cages. The energies, the degree of anharmonicity as well as the anisotropy of the optical phonon modes weighted by Ba motions are found to depend strongly on the size and shape of the cages. The lowest optical phonon energies in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{24}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{100}$ are found around 2.5--4 meV, while those in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{8}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{46}$ have higher energies around 7--9 meV. The low-lying optical phonons in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{24}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{100}$ are mainly weighted by the motion of Ba in the opened $\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{20}$ cage, which does not exist in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{8}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{46}$. Moreover, the Ba vibrations within the opened $\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{20}$ cages are found intrinsically anisotropic, strongly dispersionless in some directions, and exhibit a significant anharmonicity, which is not observed for any optical phonon modes in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{8}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{46}$.


In this study, we have analyzed a subset of the airborne POLDER data over lands obtained in the socalled La Crau campaign conducted by Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France in 1990. The airborne POLDER image data was converted into the surface albedo image data by using our atmospheric correction method, in which the multiple scattering were taken into account for. Then the accurate Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) for selected surface covers were estimated. The estimated BRDF for "Forest1", that was one of vegetated surface covers, shows Lambert's law at 550 nm and 650 nm. But at 850 nm, it is shown that an anisotropic reflection law was valid for the surface and fitting parameters for the BRDF are presented. And we calculated the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) for "Forest1" based on the estimated surface albedos and we found that the NDVI varies significantly with the change of viewing angles in the principal plane.


This paper investigates the bond-splitting performance of lapped steel bars in tension. Twelve reinforced concrete (RC) beams with substandard laps (lap length = 25 bar diameters) at midspan were tested in flexure. The variables examined include the bar diameter, concrete cover, and three different confinement conditions at midspan: 1) no confinement; 2) internal steel stirrups; and 3) external post-tensioned metal straps (PTMSs). The test results show that, in comparison to unconfined specimens, PTMS confinement enhances the bond strength of the lapped bars by up to 120%. Based on the results of this study, an innovative equation is proposed and validated to calculate the additional bond strength provided by PTMS confinement. The equation can be used for assessment and retrofit of substandard lapped bars in RC structures and should prove useful in practical retrofitting applications.


Helicobacter pylori is recognized as one of the most significant risk factors for gastric cancer, and H. pylori eradication has been proposed as a possible primary chemo‐preventive strategy to reduce gastric cancer incidence.


Objective To compare the measurement accuracy between digital periapical film and conventional film in measurements of tooth length and simulated root resorption.Methods An in vitro root resorption model was established from 20 extracted upper central incisors.Digital periapical and conventional periapical films were taken before and after simulated root resorption,from six different projection angles.Tooth lengths and simulated root resorption were measured using these films.The results were analyzed.Results The error in median tooth length produced by these two kinds of films was significantly different at the same projection angle.The error in root resorption length exhibited by the two kinds of films was not significantly different.Conclusion The digital periapical films in measuring tooth length is more accurate than conventional periapical films.But the two kinds of films are not different in diagnosing root resorption.


This paper presents the work done in the integration of a spoken dialogue system in a new project on an Interactive Home of the Future. This spoken dialogue system gives access to a virtual butler that is able to control the home environment. In this system we combine automatic speech recognition, natural language understanding, speech synthesis and a visual interface based on a realistic animated face. In order to make the system available to the people using the home was necessary several modifications to the system to create a robust input interface.


The study examined the extent to which hardship experienced by primary school volunteer teachers deterred them from joining the teaching profession.  The study involved a cohort of 107 volunteer teachers who had assembled in Mzuzu for a six week teacher training programme.  A questionnaire was used to collect data that was later analysed manually and presented in a tabular form. Prospect Theory guided the study in understanding the extent to which the volunteer teachers' experiences of hardship in the teaching profession influenced their decision to join the profession.  The findings revealed that in spite of the majority of the volunteer teachers experiencing hardship, they enjoyed teaching and were not deterred from joining the teaching profession.    Two possible explanations for such risk-seeking behaviour were that they either saw something greater of personal value to them or they truly saw the teaching profession as a vocation.


This work is intended to provide a convenient tool for the mathematical analysis of a particular kind of finite volume approximations which can be used, for instance, in the context of nonlinear and/or anisotropic diffusion operators. Following the approach developed by F.~Hermeline and by K.~Domelevo and P.~Omnes, we consider a ``double'' covering $\Tau$ of a three-dimensional domain by a rather general primal mesh and by a well-chosen ``dual'' mesh. The associated discrete divergence operator $\mbox{\rm div}^{\Tau}$ is obtained by the standard finite volume approach. Then a consistent discrete gradient operator $\nabla^\Tau$ is defined in such a way that $-\mbox{\rm div}^{\Tau}$, $\nabla^\Tau$ enjoy an analogue of the integration-by-parts formula known as the ``discrete duality property''. We discuss the implications of these properties and give a brief survey of other ``discrete calculus'' tools for ``double'' finite volume schemes.


Scan based test is a double edged sword. On one hand, it is a powerful test technique. On the other hand, it is an equally powerful attack tool. In this paper we show that scan chains can be used as a side channel to recover secret keys from a hardware implementation of any cryptographic algorithm. Compared to the 2 plaintexts required to break the new Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), the proposed attack uses no more than 2 plaintexts, which is 2 times faster. We describe a two step attack on a hardware implementation of any cryptographic algorithm. Any changes in one byte in the input plaintext to the 128-bit AES will affect a corresponding word (four bytes) in the 128-bit round register R. Based on this observation, in attack step 1, we apply 6 plaintexts on average in the normal mode and then scan out the internal state in the test mode to determine the positions of flip flops of the word in the scan chain. In attack step 2, based on a systematic analysis of an AES round, we apply a chosen plaintext pair in the normal mode and scan out the corresponding output word pair to infer the pair of inputs to the non-linear S-box function. We discover one byte of the user key by comparing the input pair to the S-box with the chosen plaintext pair. The 128-bit user key is discovered by repeating these two steps 16 times.


Palabras clave: Salmonella, alimentos, serotipos, Colombia, Caribe, epidemiologia. Presence of Salmonella as a risk to public health in the Caribbean zone of Colombia Salmonella is frequently involved in diarrhoeal disease throughout the world and is disseminated mainly by food, polluted waters or infected food-handlers. In Colombia, the serotypes of Salmonella and their distribution in food have not been characterized. Therefore, the objective was to establish the epidemiology of Salmonella in the Caribbean zone. Six hundred thirty-six samples were obtained in fast food outlets located in city squares or markets of Barranquilla (n=245), Monteria (n=222), Sincelejo (n=87) and Cartagena (n=82). Salmonella was isolated by the conventional methods recommended by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Briefly, 25 g of each sample was inoculated in 225 ml of broth. Twenty-four hours later, a 1 ml aliquot was inoculated onto selective media for Salmonella. Suspicious colonies were identified by conventional biochemical tests and confirmed by conventional serology for Salmonella detection. Forty-seven Salmonella serotypes were isolated from meat (40%), sausage (25%), cheese (13%), pig (13%), chicken (4.2%) and egg 'arepas' (4.2%). The serologic characterization indicated the following serotypes: S. Anatum (26%), S. Newport (13%), S. Typhimurium (9%), S. Gaminara (9%) and S. Uganda (9%). No statistically significant Salmonella isolations among 4 socioeconomic categories were observed (p=0.05). However,


ABSTRACT Mining and associated activities are largely accountable for contamination of water resources and creating the problem of safe water availability to a larger population residing in mining areas. Forty-nine water samples from the surface and sub-surface water resources were collected from the Raniganj coalfield area and analysed for water quality parameters using standard analytical methods. The analysis data were used to assess major ion chemistry, hydrogeochemical processes controlling water chemistry and water quality status for different uses. Results display that both groundwater and surface water of the area was alkaline in nature. HCO3 −>Cl−>SO4 2->NO3 −>F− abundance order was observed for anions in both groundwater and surface water resources. While for cations, Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>K+ abundance order was noticed in groundwater and Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+ in surface water sources. Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-Cl were the dominant water types in the groundwater and Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-Mg-Cl and Na-HCO3-Cl in surface water resources. Gibbs, scatter plots and ionic ratios show that the chemical composition of the water resources in Raniganj coal mining region was mainly controlled by weathering of rock-forming minerals, sulphide oxidation and ion exchange processes. Concentration of F−, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO4 2- and TH exceeded the drinking water acceptable limits established by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Computed water quality index (WQI) values suggest that 36% groundwater and 21% surface water samples were of poor water quality and requires appropriate treatment prior to utilisation. Furthermore, high values of salinity, residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Kelley index (KI), per cent sodium (%Na) and magnesium hazard (MH) at some sites limit the applicability of water for irrigation uses and demands appropriate water management strategy for the area.


The aim of this thesis was to develop a tool for automatic text summarization for the Swedish language. The main question has been if it is possible to avoid the problem of topical under-representation in Swedish news texts The approach used in this report is text extraction where the most relevant sentences are identified and pasted together to form an extract. To assist sentence extraction the technique of discourse segmentation is applied to divide the text into its sub-topics. Michael Hoey's view on text as a network consisting of sentences forms the basis of this work. The algorithm implemented is Marti A. Hearst's Texttiling. Texttiling was extended by the implementation of lexical semantic analysis; a mathematical/statistical theory and method for determining the similarity of meaning of words or sentences by analysis of large text collection. An evaluation resulted in the conclusion that the discourse segmentation used in this thesis did not improve sentence extraction for short to average length news articles


Through this article an approach to dynamic integration of law sources in Colombia, especially the value representing the Colombian case, generating an analysis about breaking classic, basic and exclusionary tendencies (Latin or Roman Germanic and British system is intended), orienting new trends on the issue of the primacy of the law or jurisprudence system, mainly in the context of its crisis of legitimacy and guarantee a given society. This systematic analysis, observed since the emergence of the Constitutional Court (1991), an important phenomenon in our legal system from the multiplicity of judgments (Constitutionality and Righs-Guard), structuring a process of theoretical, methodological and epistemic triangulation control of constitutionality, as a manifestation of the will of the electorate. In that way, Omar Huertas Díaz, Astelio Silvera Sarmiento, Arley Fabio Ossa Montoya 99 Colaboradores nacionales is to establish the meaning and scope of jurisprudence (judicial precedent) in our system of sources, attending national and international doctrine, in order to provide an analysis of harmonious unity of principles, values ??and norms seeking to ethical manner to achieve the aims and aspirations embodied in our political card. A preview of this work demonstrates how the concept of constitutional doctrine openly revealed of the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court when reviewing constitutionality is exercised, generating decisions in real formal source of law.


Abstract To measure the economic effects of political movements in China a simple econometric model is constructed. Investment is determined by a central planner maximizing a multiperiod objective function. Political events are modeled by exogenous changes in the shocks to productivity and to investment which affect the time paths of major economic variables. Effects of the events are measured by comparing the time paths generated by the model with and without the changes in the shocks. Without the Great Leap output and consumption per capita would have been 2.0 times as great in 1993, without the Cultural Revolution, 1.2 times as great.


ABSTRACT
 The rise of online misinformation through social networks coincides with their growing use to stay informed and a polarised context that affects journalism and institutions. Beyond fake news, misinformation appears as a response to reality. Even the most dramatic events are subject to an online jury based on interpretative polarisation. This research analyses the case of the murder of Samuel Luiz, after a group aggression in A Coruña, Spain, during the secrecy of investigations. With a mixed-method approach we analyse media coverage (N1 = 159), public conversation on Twitter (N2 = 757,389), information disorders and the role of fact-checkers. The lack of information and the publication of some details fuelled a public conversation with ideological and political traits. The media coverage generated frames in which users position themselves for ideological and political reasons. The polarised conversation on Twitter was dominated by non-journalistic actors, with an important influence of the political position. The information disorders show that the noise generated by public discussion completes the story with false, misleading and biased content. Fact-checkers intervened, but their diffusion is limited compared to the volume of the debate on social networks.


The vibrational spectra of the title compounds are discussed in terms of their probable shapes. Cryoscopic molecular weight data taken in conjunction with the spectroscopic data show the adduct TiCl4,Me3P to be monomeric in benzene. It is probable that for TiCl4,Me3P the structure is based on a trigonal-bipyramidal distribution with axial trimethylphosphine. With the other species the phosphine ligand is probably in an equatorial position. Matrix-isolation Raman studies on TiCl4,PH3 in tetramethylsilane are reported.


Experiments on the spread of a viscous gravity current into a lighter, less viscous fluid, with which it is miscible in all proportions, has shown the critically important effect of diffusion at the interface between the two fluids. A thin layer of intermediate density is formed that then flows down the interface to generate a precursor current. This loss of fluid from the primary current is responsible for a spreading rate that is much less than that of the equivalent immiscible current. It eventually leads to a state in which the pool of viscous fluid reaches an asymptotic radius, and at which the inflow equals the amount of fluid diffusing across the interface. A simple model has been generated to describe the most important of these effects.


Parametric methods present a number of advantages in describing the size distribution of income. Among them tting income data with few or missing observations. In this thesis, I analyze the contribution of taxation to the changes in posttax income distribution using the parametric approach on individual income data. I nd that the Singh-Maddala distribution ts the data best. I show how parametric methods can be combined with modern econometric methods by using the shape parameters of the Singh-Maddala distribution as dependent variables in time series and Feasible Generalized Least Squares regressions. The model uses in ation rate as the control macroeconomic variable. Results reveal that the tax on capital has signi cant positive redistributive e ects.


The process of selling assests and enterprises to the private sector raises questions about natural monopolies, the efficiency and equity of state-owned versus privately owned enterprises, and industrial policy. This comprehensive analysis of the British privatization program explores these questions both theoretically and empirically.


This paper presents several tight clastic reservoir models in XC gas field including forward model inverse model AVO model and modulate model. The seismic response features of tight clastic gas reservoirs are summarized through model study to assist multi-disciplinary gas reservoir characterization.


First enzyme-cutting,PCR analysis and sequence determination for variable region gene of heavy chain(Vh) and light(Vl) of single-chain antibody against Cysticercus Cellulosae Scolex.Then the single-chain antibody gene(ScFv) was constructed by Vh,linker and Vl by gene splicing by over lap extension PCR(SOE PCR).The amplified products were linked to vector pMD-18T to carry out its sequence determination,then compared this sequence with that of strain isolated abroad.The vector was proved through the identification of enzyme-cutting and PCR analysis.The result indicated that it is successful to construct and clone the single-chain antibody against Cysticercus Cellulosae scolex antigen.The product could serve as a basis for constructing,expressing and activity detecting of recombinant immunotoxin ScFv-PE40.


Objectives: to identify clinical and ultrasound indicators that can determine the need for further examination of fertile aged women who smoke and have metabolic syndrome (MS) regarding the risk of developing somatic pathology or diseases of the reproductive system.Materials and methods. 2 groups of women of fertile age were examined: the first group consisted of 20 women who smoked with MS, the second group included 20 women who smoked without MS. All women were interviewed using a specially designed general and reproductive health questionnaire. Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs was performed using convex and transvaginal sensors according to existing examination protocols.Results. Women of the first group had a higher body mass index and other obesity parameters, which is typical for MS. Women of the second group smoked more cigarettes per day. The identified early onset of menstrual function in women with MS may be a manifestation of hormonal homeostasis disorders at the end of puberty with a predominance of estradiol secretion and insufficient progesterone synthesis in the second phase of the menstrual cycle. A significant amount of blood loss during menstruation and painful menstruation in women of the first group may be a manifestation of adenomyosis, which confirms by echo-positive and echo-negative inclusions in the myometrium and thickening of the uterine walls. In most patients with MS ultrasound showed multifollicular ovaries, which may point at polycystic ovary syndrome, given changes in body mass index and ovarian structure as a response on hyperestrogenemia. Prolonged manifestation of MS also negatively affected the abdominal organs, as evidenced by echo-positive inclusions in the liver and pancreas parenchyma, which is a manifestation of inflammatory diseases of these organs.Conclusions. The combination of prolonged smoking and metabolic syndrome leads to more pronounced changes in the reproductive system and abdominal organs, which in turn expands the range of recommended methods of instrumental examination for such women.


For any fixedparameter , a –spannerof agraph is aspanningsubgraphin which thedistancebetweenevery pair of verticesis at most timestheir distancein . A minimum –spanneris a –spannerwith minimumtotal edge weight or, in unweightedgraphs,minimum numberof edges.General –spannersandtheir variantshave multiple applicationsin thefield of communicationnetworks,distributedsystems, andnetwork design.In thispaper , weprove the –hardnessof finding minimum –spannersfor planarweightedgraphsanddigraphsif , andfor planar unweightedgraphsanddigraphsif . We thusextendresultson thatproblemto the interestingcasewherethe instancesareknown to beplanar . We alsointroducetherelatedproblemof finding minimumplanar –spannersand concludeits –hardnessfor similar fixedvaluesof .


Abstract This work deals with some recent developments in the study of atoms and molecules by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental techniques of high temperature measurement are discussed, followed by a treatment of core binding energies and the various contributions to their values, in particular relaxation, correlation and relativistic effects. Binding energies in both free atoms and free ions are discussed and compared with corresponding binding energies in molecules and solids. In addition to the 'main' peaks observed in photoelectron spectroscopy corresponding to ionization of electrons from various orbitals, weaker satellite structures are also observed, resulting from electron excitation accompanying core ionization. Comparison is made between the intensities of these satellites in various atomic core regions, as well as in molecules containing these atoms. Finally, the photoionization cross-section is shown to change dramatically with the change in the energy of the exciting photon; ...


Michael H. Kater, Never Sang for Hitler The Life and Times of Lotte Lehmann. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Cloth, xv, 394 pp., $35.00. ISBN 978-0-521-87392-5 www.cambridge.org Lotte Lehmann (1888-1976) ranks among the best known singers of the last century. Like those of other European artists of her generation, Lehmanns career played out against a canvas of two world wars and the resulting socioeconomic conditions. Michael H. Kater, who is a history professor at York University in Toronto, offers a meticulously researched study of the renowned soprano in Never Sang for Hitler. Relying upon primary documents that have become available in the past twenty years, Kater deftly describes Lehmann the artist, Lotte the woman, and the times in which she lived Biographic information is carefully balanced with historical background, including the social, economic, and political events of her life. Growing up in a small town in northern Germany, Lehmann was exposed to music through her family circle. As a teenager, she moved to Berlin with her family, and was admitted to the Musikhochschule. When her instructors began steering her toward a career in oratorio, Lehmann-with unwavering certainty-withdrew without earning a diploma and searched for a teacher who would help her prepare to sing opera. By 1910, Lehmann had secured a contract with the Hamburg Stadttheater and launched an international career that would last decades on stages in Vienna, Berlin, London, Paris, New York, and other major cities. Kater is not a musicologist, but a historian whose primary research interest is the society, politics, and culture of modern Germany. Accordingly, he looks beyond Lehmann to the world around her, while keeping his subject clearly in focus. The author paints fascinating pictures of the backdrops of Lehmann's life, whether Hamburg at the turn of the century, post-World War I Vienna, or the United States during World War II, Kater's fastidiously documented examination accurately chronicles events in the singer's life, even in contradiction to Lehmann's own recollections. The title of the book alludes to a case in point. The soprano did not sing in Germany after 1934. Lehmann maintained that it was a result of her abhorrence for the Nazi regime. Kater's research indicates, however, that it stemmed from Lehmann's dissatisfaction with the terms of a contract, sanctioned by Hermann Goring, that was offered by the Berlin Staatsoper to lure her away from Vienna. Goring was incensed mat she had tried to negotiate its terms as any other business agreement instead of considering the appointment an honor to serve the German people. Shortly thereafter, the Nazi authorities informed her Berlin agent ". . . a performance by Frau Lotte Lehmann in Germany was not desirable." After the Anschluss of 1938, Lehmann left Austria and settled permanently in the United States. Kater paints an arresting portrait of Lehmann. Her singing was respected by Richard Strauss (she premiered the roles of the Composer in the second version of Ariadne auf Naxos, and the Dyer's Wife in Die Frau ohne Schatten, while the Marschallin from Der Rosenkavalier was her signature role) and Puccini (who wrote complimentary letters after hearing her sing the roles of Suor Angelica and Manon), as well as conductors Otto Klemperer, Bruno Walter, and Arturo Toscanini, to mention only a few. …


Millar's personal account of "Spice" is a useful reminder that, although drugs are used by people from all socioeconomic groups, they acutely affect those who are socially disadvantaged.1 We're collectively ignorant about a range of factors related to synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) and traditional forms of cannabis. We don't have reliable information on …


Reviewed here are studies of the general problem of multiphoton processes which might occur at the nuclear level when one of the photons belongs to an intense radiation field from a laser at optical frequencies. It has been predicted that sufficient laser intensities could stimulate a component step involving the nuclear radiations. Transition probabilities have been found which relate the probabilities for γ-ray transitions induced by the optical radiation to the Breit-Wigner cross sections for the absorption or emission of single γ-photons. The most important results have concerned the isolation of the multiphoton Mössbauer channel which preserves the natural linewidth of the process in solid media. This channel was found to have a relative weight comparable to the conventional Debeye-Waller factor for the transition. In emission the induced processes of both Anti-Stokes Raman scattering and two-photon emission have been considered and both are found to lead to the generation of tunable γ-radiation. Transition probabilities are calculated to be large enough to support the production of usable spectral sources that could be tuned over a range of γ-ray energies approximately a thousand times greater than can be realized by conventional Mössbauer techniques. Analogous possibilities for the detection and tuning of nuclear reactions induced by intense optical fields also have been considered in this review.


In many high-energy synchrotrons and storage rings operating with bunched beams, instabilities occur due to coupling from bunch to bunch by wake fields in the surrounding vacuum chamber structures. The most direct cure is to reduce the strength of the wake fields by changing the structures which cause the strongest wakes, e.g. damping of higher modes (HOMs) in rf and/or incidental cavities, such as kicker tanks, or sleeving (shielding) of unavoidable cross section variations such as bellows or pumping T's. A time honored method is to simply change the temperature of the cooling water which may change the frequency of the resonant modes in a cavity sufficiently to avoid coupling to an unstable beam mode of oscillation. However, in many instances these methods are insufficient and other measures have to be used, such as feedback systems. However, for machines with a large number of bunches such systems usually need to have a rather broad bandwidth and also require costly space around the machine circumference. It is often simpler to rely on reducing the coupling between bunches by other means. One method is to vary the distance between bunches e.g. introducing gaps of different lengths by leaving out a certain number of bunches from the regularly spaced "buckets" formed by the rf voltage. However, uneven spacing may have disadvantages in particular for colliders where the bunches should meet the opposing beam at the fixed locations of detectors. Therefore it is often preferable to reduce coupling by varying the natural oscillation frequencies of the bunches.


Hepatic arterial infusions have been performed since the early 1980s, primarily for the treatment of hepatocellular cancer, but also for metastatic (hepatic) colorectal carcinoma. The goal is to infuse chemotherapy directly into the hepatic artery, thereby providing high concentration of the drug to the tumor while limiting systemic side effects. This article explores the evolution of hepatic arterial catheters and delivery systems over the past 20 years. Anatomy and physiology is briefly reviewed and the history of hepatic catheters is presented along with their placement, care, and complications.


ABSTRACT Embedded within the interdisciplinary research project 'Towards an understanding of the structure and function of a Neotropical rainforest ecosystem with special reference to its canopy' organised by the Austrian Academy of Science, the canopy beetle fauna was surveyed by means of a 42 m tall tower crane. This paper presents results of the chrysomelid beetle fauna observed and collected at canopy trees for 1 year. A total of 1783 adult leaf beetles were collected, representing 117 morphospecies (Bruchinae are not included) including 31 singletons. The most abundant family was Galerucinae sensu stricto with 827 individuals (46% of collection). The most speciose subfamilies were Galerucinae sensu stricto followed by Alticini, Cryptocephalinae and Eumolpinae. Nineteen species collected with at least two individuals were restricted to a single tree species whereas 68 species were found to feed on several canopy host trees. Only a few species fed on leaves; these were in Cassidinae, Cryptocephalinae, Eumolpinae and Galerucinae. Strikingly, most canopy chrysomelids were collected at flowers of canopy trees, although some species fed also on extrafloral nectaries or fruits. Alticini were restricted predominantly to flowers, but Cryptocephalinae, Eumolpinae and Galerucinae revealed broader plasticity in host tissue selection. Insights into beetle seasonality, diurnal/nocturnal activity and intra-canopy migration are provided. Abundant flower-visiting species occurred on their host trees commonly over the entire flowering season, with their abundances often correlated with the number of open flowers. After termination of one tree's flowering season, many flower-visiting leaf beetles moved to other flowering trees. Certain congeneric species of Galerucinae and Eumolpinae occurred together at their host plants within the same periods.


We experienced an interesting case of mediastinal matured treatoma showing positive antibody titer to acetylcholine receptor which also presented difficulty in differential diagnosis from thymic tumor in imagings. A 31-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a suspecion of mediastinal tumor found by chest roentogenogram. He had an anterior chest pain, general fatigue and fever but no clinical symptom of myasthenia gravis. Laboratory data showed liver dysfunction and positive antibody titer to acetylcholine receptor. Computed tomography and MRI revealed a heterogenous cystic lesion locating closely at the aortic arch and pulmonary artery. Under a diagnosis of thymic tumor, he underwent tumorectomy by longitudinal sternotomy. The tumor, measuring 9×6×5cm in size, had a thick capsule and contained internally red-brown fluid with pomade like jelly and a white solid mass with short hair. It was then histologically proven to be matured teratoma complicated by bleeding, which consisted of several components such as epithelium, glands, hair, cartilage and adipose tissue. Postoperative course was uneventful. Repeating biochemical examinations revealed the restored liver function and decreased antibody titer to acetylcholine receptor.


This study was focussed on reviewing the related literatures and on discussing the possibilities of the political and ethical aspects in Korea in order to extend the perspectives of the programmers on the program development. To achieve the purpose, the objectives of this study were to discuss the characteristics of the selected theories, to review historically the articles on the program development in Korea, and to present the some implications of the political aspects and ethical aspects for programmers. The manly findings discussed in this article were as following. The present concerns of the field workers and the scholars in the adult and continuing education was focused on the program development for the learners. They needed to know the principles and the recipes for effectively developing the programs. There has been some theories which are contain the useful guidelines of the technical aspects, the content aspects, the political aspects, and the ethical aspects for programmers. Then, the political aspects and the ethical aspects has been neglected relatively, which are an very important aspects in the process of developing the programs in terms of the social activities of the programmers. As this view points, it should be stressed on the role of the programmers as negotiators in terms of the political aspects in Korea.


Enter the racine art museum (ram) and the first thing you see is crafts and more crafts, ceramics especially. Craft works large and small are housed in two rows of spacious wooden display cases on the ground floor. Step into the sunny 30 foot atrium lobby and you have clay to the left of you, clay to the right of you and much more upstairs on the second floor. The entire 46,000 square foot museum was designed from day one for the exhibition of three-dimensional craft objects and to be an energizing, welcoming place.


This study examined the relationship between self- awareness and human relations policy implementation of manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt . The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Primary data was generated through self-administered questionnaire. The population of the study was 106 employees from 16 manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt while the sample size of 84 was determined by the Taro Yamene's formula. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient with a benchmark of 0.70 as a minimum threshold. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman's Rank Order Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The study findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-awareness and human relations policy implementation of manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt. The study recommended that the managers of the manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt should ensure to create programmes and avenues that would lead to the self-awareness of the employee with respect to their value to their jobs as this would increase productivity.  Keywords: Self-Awareness, Human Relations Policy Implementation, Conflict Resolution, Employee Communication, Employee Occupational Health and Safety CITATION: Enefiok, P. A., Asawo, S. P., & Tamunomiebi, M. D. (2019). Self-awareness and human relations policy implementation of manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 6 (4), 1607 – 1618.


Abstract During RV Polarstern cruise ANT-XXIII/4 in 2006, a gravity core (PS 69/335-2) and a giant box core (PS 69/335-1) were retrieved from Maxwell Bay off King George Island (KGI). Comprehensive geochemical (bulk parameters, quantitative XRF, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and radiometric dating analyses (14C, 210Pb) were performed on both cores. A comparison with geochemical data from local bedrock demonstrates a mostly detrital origin for the sediments, but also points to an overprint from changing bioproductivity in the overlying water column in addition to early diagenetic processes. Furthermore, ten tephra layers that were most probably derived from volcanic activity on Deception Island were identified. Variations in the vertical distribution of selected elements in Maxwell Bay sediments further indicate a shift in source rock provenance as a result of changing glacier extents during the past c. 1750 years that may be linked to the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period. Whereas no evidence for a significant increase in chemical weathering rates was found, 210Pb data revealed that mass accumulation rates in Maxwell Bay have almost tripled since the 1940s (0.66 g cm-2 yr-1 in ad 2006), which is probably linked to rapid glacier retreat in this region due to recent warming.


The ornamental fish trade has considerable potential for damaging reef environments. Nearly 120 species are currently harvested in the Brazilian trade and little attention has been paid to the effects of the accidental catch of these species. Records of ornamental fish by-catch and the susceptibility and resilience of species from the major Brazilian families in the aquarium trade were examined to test a method and determine the sustainability of these catches. Each species was assessed based on two groups of criteria: (1) relative vulnerability to capture; and (2) population resilience to mortality due to fishing efforts. Each species was also ranked (1-3) for criteria regarding ecology, biology, catchability, numbers of individuals exported by aquarium companies and mortality index. These criteria were then weighted and each species rank in the two groups of criteria was plotted. Nineteen species from 10 families were recorded. The species least likely to have sustainable catch rates included Holacanthus tricolor, H. ciliaris, Chaetodon striatus and Pomacanthus paru. This approach is a useful alternative for management efforts and the assessment of catch sustainability in newly developed multi-species fisheries with limited available data, which occur in areas of high species richness such as reefs.


Aperture masking interferometry used in combination with adaptive optics is a powerful technique that permits the detection of faint companions at small angular separations. Indeed, the precision calibration of the data achieved with this observing mode leads to reliable results up to and beyond the formal diffraction limit. This explains why it has, in just a few years, been ported on most major telescopes. In this poster, we present its possible implementation on Subaru, which offers a unique access to a very exciting region of the "contrast‐ratio‐angular separation" parameter space.


The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of rewards and sponsorship toward costumer loyalty at Alfamart Jambi. Research used survey method which used  structured questionaires, and sample consisting of 100 units. Based on result of data analysis it is found that simultaneously and and partially rewards and sponsorship has significant influence on customer loyalty. It is also supportend by the statistical model that could explain the variation of satisfaction as much as 57,2%, while 42,8% is explained by other variable that not include in this research. Hence, reward an sponsorship could be a strategy at the retailer level to maintain and retain the customer loyalty. Keywords: Rewards, Sponsorship, Costumer Loyalty and Loyalti program


Mono- and diaryl-substituted 1,4-quinones were synthesized by the In(OTf) 3 -catalyzed conjugate addition of aromatic C-nucleophiles to 1,4-quinone derivatives followed by in situ dehydrogenation in water. Water was found to be beneficial to the reaction. The regioselectivity of the addition reaction in water was also examined.


This article reports the benefits, challenges, and effective methods of assessing the quality of virtual references services at an academic library.


This paper analyzes the existing problems relating to social work practice in schools. Based on the analysis results, the paper proposes several practical solutions for improving the quality of Social Work Practice training in colleges and universities offering this major in the hope of enhancing social workers' practice in schools.


This study used the descriptive method which aimed to develop the concept of overprotective parents and find out if it has my relation to maladaptive behavior. The respondents used in the study were confined to third and fourth year psychology and political science students who openly declared that they had overprotective parents.
 This study made use of normative form of gathering data through the use of questionnaire which was administered to the respondents, to obtain the necessary views, ideas and comments in a variable form, so that it could be deeply evaluated and analyzed by the researchers using the percentile statistical treatment.


The performance of a falling-film evaporator trial plant during the first year after installation at the CG Smith Sugar Illovo mill is described. Operating under conditions similar to those experienced in the mill's raw house first effectevaporator, the unit confirmed most of the reported characteristics of this type of plant and proved easy to operate. Problems experienced were associated mostly with ancillary and support equipment. The rate of scaling was found to be much less than expected.


A Giant Retinal Tear (GRT) is defined as a full-thickness retinal break extending circumferentially for 3 clock hours (90°) in the presence of a posteriorly detached vitreous [1]. GRTs are rare; their incidence has not been well established in the literature. The true incidence of GRTs is difficult to assess given their rarity, but one recent study estimates 0.094 per 100,000 of the general population per year [2].


Understanding of genetic divergence and traits association among 108 rice genotypes, nine morphological traits were studied. Based on their D2 values the genotypes were grouped into 14 clusters and the maximum of 37 genotypes grouped under cluster 1. The highest intra and inter cluster distance was observed in cluster X and between cluster XII and XIV respectively. The trait grain length recorded maximum contribution to the divergence followed by plant height. Selection based on these traits would be more effective in creation of divergent population. Moderate Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, high heritability and high genetic advance as percentage of mean were observed for all the traits studied. The traits, number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weight had shown significant positive correlation with yield and also recorded high direct effect on yield. Hence the selection based on these traits may helpful in planning efficient breeding programs.


The data on the stress-strain state of the teeth of gear wheels of a self-braking gear in the forward and braking modes are given. The convergence of the results of the finite element model with analytical calculations is analyzed. The values of tensile and shear stresses in the contact zones of a particular self-braking gear are obtained.
Keywords:
cylindrical self-braking gear, self-braking, stress-strain state.
firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com, email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com


In this paper, properties of fuzzy random vector are studied. A fuzzy linear regression model with random perturbation is considered. Asymptotically unbiased model is obtained and approximate optimal model is given.


Higher link bandwidth provided by threedimensional Network-on-Chip (3D-NoC) relies on multi-path routing and traffic splitting, which inevitably leads to out-oforder packet delivery problem when facing unbalanced traffic congestion. Therefore, a reordering mechanism, often requiring reorder buffers, is necessary to guarantee in-order delivery of packets. The reorder buffers are expensive in terms of both resource and power consumption, hence it is of great significance to reduce the reorder buffer size in the worst case. In this paper, we propose a improved Ohm's Law-like traffic splitting method, named RB-OLITS, for reducing the worst-case reorder buffer size. The traffic splitting configuration is obtained according to the parallel resistance theory. Experimental results show that RB-OLITS has reduced the worst-case reorder buffer size by 19.09% in average compared with OLITS. Meanwhile, the worst-case delay bound is not degraded by using RB-OLITS, as the worst-case delay bound of the same target flow is slightly improved by 1.59% in average.


ABSTRACT The cinema of Aleksei German is a significant body of work that has not yet been comprehensively analysed as an entire oeuvre, whether in Russia or in the West, where German's four completed films remain difficult to see. Examining the narrative of each film in relation to the moments of Soviet history it explores, this article argues that German's historical polemics are dependent on a demystification of narrative conventions, opposing these with a radical, alternative remembrance of the mid-century Soviet experience. The question of protagonist and collective memory is central to the film-maker's authorial vision: this work considers how narration, sound and visual poetics inform the 'memory structure' of his films. Rather than associating camerawork with protagonist agency or autobiographical re-creation, German's camera functions as a phenomenological device that is capable of suspending diegetic coherence. Although intertextual citation has been widely discussed in relation to these films, a divide exists between certain western and Russian scholars over the influence of the work of lurii German on his son's output. This article suggests closer dialogic interaction with source texts than has been argued previously in western scholarship, and identifies a critique of the Soviet intelligentsia's 'textual memory' through German's sustained references to Russian literature and poetry.


Objective:   DM is a current trend caused by changes in physical activity (sports), stress, work environment, diet and lifestyle. The current lifestyle is predicted to be dangerous for diabetes, especially in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of WEB-SEREIS (Website Education Information System for Diabetes Millitus Prevention Action) on the knowledge and behavior of preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents.Methods:  This research is a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test only control group design approach. Sampling used in this study using purposive sampling. The sample in this study were adolescents consisting of 2 sample groups, namely the intervention group and the control group, each of which was 53 respondents. Data collection Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24 (DKQ24), Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) from WHO, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Inferential analysis using Wilcoxon p-value < 0.05.Results:   Knowledge and prevention behavior of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adolescents with WEB-SEREIS intervention showed that there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group with a p-value of knowledge of 0.024 (˂ 0.05), physical activity 0.000 (˂ 0.05), depression 0.000 (˂ 0.05), anxiety 0.014 (˂ 0.05), stress 0.001 (˂ 0.05), and GDS 0.002 (˂ 0.05).Conclusion: WEB-SEREIS is an embodiment of health education for adolescents by utilizing appropriate technology with fast access and sources of information based on empirical evidence to have a positive impact on adolescent health through increasing knowledge and changing good behavior


A programme of evaluation, subsequent excavation and recording at Ingress Abbey was conducted by AOC Archaeology Group in advance of the redevelopment of the site by Crest Nicholson Estates. The site is located on a large piece of roughly rectangular land, approximately 27ha on the south bank of the Thames estuary at Greenhithe, and bound to the south by the main London Road (A226, see Fig. 1). (National Grid Reference TQ 592 75 ). The site was most recently occupied by the buildings of the Empire Paper Mills and a naval college, HMS Worcester. Work began with an initial desk-based assessment (AOC 998) followed by evaluation trenches (AOC 999b). This phase of work was followed by a limited excavation on the plateau next to London Road, followed by recording actions on elements of the eighteenthand nineteenth-century parkland features such as follies and grottoes. All on-site archaeological work was recorded using the site code INGA 99, and the site archive is deposited at Dartford Museum. A total of 33 trenches were excavated to determine the archaeological potential of the site.


Experimental investigations have been carried out to evaluate the holdup for gas−non-Newtonian liquid flow through helical coils in vertical orientation. The experiments performed using 36 different helical coils and 4 different concentrations of sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) as non-Newtonian liquids. The intermittent flow regime was observed in the experiments. The effects of gas and liquid flow rate, coil diameter, helix angle, and liquid properties on the holdup were illustrated. An attempt has been made to fit the experimental holdup data by the Lockhart and Martinelli (Chem. Eng. Prog. 1949, 45, 39−48) correlation and the modified Lockhart and Martinelli correlation as presented by different authors. In another approach, a correlation was developed to predict the holdup as functions of the physical and dynamic variables of the system. Statistical analysis of the correlation suggests that they are of acceptable accuracy.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the recent development of heutagogy in the domain of enterprise and entrepreneurship education (EE). Responding to recent thinking within our domain of education, this paper discusses the origins of heutagogy, its adoption within enterprise and EE and offers suggestions as to the further development of such thinking in this domain.

Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper revisits the original thinking that developed the process of heutagogy, or self-determined learning. Revisiting the conceptual foundations of heutagogy, comparing it to andragogy and to the idea of academagogy enables the process of academagogical process knowledge (APK) to be outlined. Through this process, the authors argue it is possible to envisage the real potential value of heutagogy to enterprise and EE.

Findings
In advocating for the development of APK, the authors highlight the importance of six specific knowledge bases; knowledge of self, knowledge of entrepreneurship theories, knowledge of transformational learning approaches, knowledge of authentic assessment processes, knowledge of student engagement and knowledge of how to scholarly lead. The authors argue that the development of scholarship of teaching and learning for enterprise and EE can be advanced through these six knowledge bases.

Practical implications
There are important implications that arise for all enterprise and entrepreneurship educators in the discussions presented here, especially if we consider entrepreneurial approaches within disciplines and interests that anchor the studies, as opposed to more generic approaches found in entrepreneurship courses. Most importantly, that heutagogy must be evaluated alongside the blended contributions of pedagogy, andragogy and academagogy.

Originality/value
This paper advances the readers' understanding of the potential role of heutagogy in enterprise and EE. In doing so, differing opinions related to the use of heutagogy in the domain have been addressed, and a developmental pathway outlined.


Xu Xuan,Tian Xi and Wang Yucheng are the most important in argumentative articles of the early song dynasty.XU Xuan's papers all are the discussion about the relationship between monarch and his subjects.He emphasized the Confucian ethics,the role of esteem,and provided some arbitrary reference for the Song dynasty re-order Confucian monarch and prevent the emperor autocracy.Because the policy that the Song Emperor likes the article and emphasises admonition,WANG Xi 's paper all is on the imperial examination and admonition,and creating a spirit of supreme monarch and political personality,and further affect the character and creation of his articles.Wang Yucheng's papersare similar with his historical view.He focused on stories of monarch and his subjects,emphasized the good and evil,and be good at dialectic,which has been reflected in his articles.


The compensation of CEOs always is the focus of the society.The main viewpoints are that the salary level is too high,and the salary distribution structure is irrational.According to our survey,the CEOs may use their power to enhance their salary level and benefits.And this situation has become the main argument for the irrationality.The traditional salary system has only focused the cost reduction of the firm and it always wants to improve the sales by giving more compensation to the CEOs.However,this behavior may cause more core employees to leave the firm and decrease the employees' utility sharply. In a firm,the CEO always decides the wage(salary) system.For example,the low-position employees' wage level would always be affected by the CEO's idea.After that,more and more inequality would happen and the result of this is that cohesive force in the firm would be much weaker.In the modern marketeconomy,the firms must pay more attentions to the employees' satisfactions about the salary system.The salary satisfactions of employee mainly be decided by the following two factors: the management methods and the management philosophy.The salary system is one of the most important factors which affect the employees' loyalty.There are two factors in salary system which can affect the employees' loyalty: the equity of the salary system and the level of the salary system.In this article we analyze the overpaid and underpaid of CEOs' salary in order to know the special effects on employees which caused by CEOs payment.Based on the results of data analysis,we can know that the characters of CEOs also become an important factor which affects the employees'satisfaction on the salary system. The salary system of a special firm has become one of the most important factors which support the firm development.The employees can be encouraged by the scientific salary system.As a result of this,the performance of employees can improve quickly and highly.For example,one who want leave the company because of the inequity could continue be loyalty to the company.The assisting institution system of human resource management(performance management,job analysis.etc)can give a important effect to the salary system. When evaluating investment and divestiture proposals,CEOs should be better able to prudently bear risk if they have access to a heavy flow of 'real-time' information about industry developments,and have the expertise to make sense of that information and synthesize appropriate strategies.Owing to bounded rationality,these requirements would appear to be moreimportant for the CEOs of focused firms.Based on this logic,and consistent with the results reported here,we might expect focused firms to exhibit less risk avoidance behavior than the diversified firms. In this study we propose that norms of fairness are salient to top decision makers and show that over or underpayment of the CEO cascades down to lower organizational levels.Moreover,it appears that CEOs use their own power to increase not only their own salaries,but also those of their subordinates.One implication of such a process may be that the overpayment of a top executive has higher costs than have previously been realized.The evidence we found suggests that CEOs serve as a key referent for employees in determining whether their own situation is "fair," and this influences their reactions to their own compensation.More specifically,we find that when lower-level managers are underpaid relative to the CEO—that is to say,underpaid more than the CEO or overpaid less—they are more likely to leave the organization.Results obtained from testing our hypotheses on a sample of more than 120 firms over a five-year period demonstrates the importance of considering fairness in the setting of CEO pay.Implications for the design of executive compensation packages are discussed.We divide the irrationality into two sections: overpaid and underpaid.Both of them can produce the negative effects and the biggest negative effect is that the irrationality can lead to the employee's quit behavior.Because the firms always focus on the performance,so they prefer to provide the higher compensation to the CEO in order to gain the higher performance.After the data tested,the irrationality of the CEOs' compensation can reduce the firmperformance,and also produce the potential negative effects.


This paper presents a novel acoustic gyroscope based on phase difference measurement of two ultrasonic waves traveling in opposite directions. The device can potentially outperform fiber optic gyroscopes in device size and sensitivity owing to significantly lower speed of sound compared to light. It also has big advantages over vibratory MEMS gyroscopes in terms of stability and reliability, as the unique design and mechanism eliminate undesired coupling from mechanical stress and parasitic capacitance. We have carried out simulations and experiments to evaluate the performance of the acoustic gyroscope. The preliminary test results were in very good agreement with theoretical analysis, and predicted that a 3 mm diameter device could achieve a sensitivity of approximately 2.8 mrad/(rad/s), corresponding to a time difference of 0.23 ns at the working frequency of 12 MHz.


At present the education in our country emphasizes diploma together with vocational certificate.Therefore,the objective of "Double Certificates" education in high vocational teaching is the outstanding features of vocational education and the requirement of social talents' market.It is beneficial for students in job hunting,job choosing and job creating,and it can support local economic development well in technology,intelligence,and human resource.


Hunter summarizes the artists' relationship and compares their respective practices. Includes an extended dialogue between the artists on the differences between their work (landscape vs theory, nature vs culture, etc.). Biographical notes. 4 bibl. ref.


The null of cointegration tests for testing the existence of cointegration are available in literature in great diversity. The selection of a particular test from all these available tests is the crucial problem and often researchers face this. This study is carried out to solve this problem by comparing eight tests on basis two properties of size and power using a new proposed methodology of rank scores. Three different specifications of deterministic component and four sample sizes are considered. It is concluded that if asymptotic critical values are used then it results into an uncontrolled empirical size. While, if the simulated critical values are used, then the empirical size is controlled around nominal size. Moreover, on basis of power, a simple test, which is based on KPSS statistic, is the sole better performer for all of the different 132 different cases of data generations considered in the study.


Metathetical exchange reactions between (a) ethylaluminium chlorides or aluminium chloride and (b) various silanes or trimethyltin chloride proceed under quite mild conditions. The Al–Et bond is cleaved more readily than the Al–Cl bond [e.g., 2Me3SiBr +(EtAlCl2)2→ 2Me3SiEt + Al2Br2Cl4].


Normal support vector machine (SVM) algorithms are not suitable for classification of large data s et because of high training complexity. In this paper, we introduce a m ethod based on edge recognition technique to find low-value dat a, where to keep input data distribution, we use clustering alg orithm like k-means to compute clusters centers. Data is select d through edge recognition algorithm and cluster centers, are used to build a training data set. Reconstructed data set with small size, increase the speed of training process procedure without decr easing classification precision. But, as we used k-means alg orithm, it is required to initially specify the number of classes . We try to get a proper procedure by improving edge recognition algo rithm to reduce data, also using hierarchical clustering alg orithm and similarity percent to compute number of clusters in stead of using k-means algorithm, and compare results of these two algorithms.


It is known that the process of meat cutting leads to vitamin oxidation. Taking into account the external destructive effects on micronutrient preservation and required micronutrient content in an enriched product throughout its shelf life, the research goal was to study the quantitative changes in the enriching components as selenium and vitamins during the production and storage of cooked pork and beef sausage model samples. The target for enriching was the "Posolskaya" cooked sausage; a food additive "Selexen" was used to enrich it with selenium, and a vitamin premix H30731 enriched the sausage with vitamins. It was found that upon selenium presence, vitamin E preservation made 92.3% at the cutting stage. However during storage there was a loss of 14% due to the fact that vitamin E reduced the intensity of fat phase oxidative deterioration of the sausage meat. Low preservation (62-74%) of the PP and B group vitamins was found at the cutting stage. The preservation of these vitamins further reduced to 55-63% on average after thermal treatment of the sausage sample. On the 8th day of storage, the change in quantitative composition of vitamins B and PP was insignificant, and eventually their preservation reduced to 50-64% of the initial amount. Selenium preservation during enriched sausage samples production remained as high as 100-99% on average. Some reduction was found at the stage of finished product storage.


This article reviews the related concepts of disaster nursing, the status of the development of disaster nursing education at home and abroad, the framework and Enlightenment of disaster nursing knowledge system both at home and abroad, and provides a reference for the formation of standard and unified, universal and professional knowledge system for disaster nursing.

Key words:
Disaster nursing; Core knowledge


Objective To access the diagnostic and clinical value with magnetic resonance imaging in aortic dissection. Methods To retrospectively analyze the MRI appearance of aortic dissection in 11 cases. Results 11 cases were classified with Stanford type A,B into 7,4, they were classified with De Bakey type I , II a, III b into 6, 4 and 1. The intimal flap separating the true and false lumens could be clearly displayed. 9 major aortic branches were involved.Conclusion MRI could diagnose the aortic dissection rapidly and safely, and provide elaborate and trusty information for clinical therapy. It is a preferred, noninvasive method in diagnosing aortic dissection.


Makes it possible under the influence of the gravity force applied to the influence of heat and a bonding agent applied to the binding agent, that when the phenomenon in which the binder dissolution takes place, preventing or reducing the generation of foreign matter due to a binder. Having a target material 4, the backing plate 5 is part of the overall shape protruding in a convex (凸) shape with respect to the base part (5 ') is convex (凸)-like structure bonded to the backing plate (5) and the target material (4) is greater target material (4) surface area than the area of the portion for joining the at, from the portion of bonding the target material 4 to come protrude over the last week, the target material 4 has a bonded structure by interposing a binding agent (30) to be joint, a recess (凹) portion formed by a combination of the two structures, to be prevented by sewing the dissolution of the binder 30, preferably , so that the cooling efficiency of the sticking out portion of the target material 4 is not damaged, there is provided a method of manufacturing mask blank by using the mask blank for producing the sputtering target, the target having a structure in which the metal attachment (40).


The vibrations of a metallic nanoparticle are strongly affected by its size and shape. In the present work, the respective roles of size, chemical order, and composition have been theoretically examined in the case of gold–silver nanoalloys by means of atomistic simulations. Whereas the vibrational density of states exhibits some qualitative differences between alloyed and segregated (core–shell) particles, the breathing frequency varies smoothly but nonlinearly with composition in all cases considered. Elasticity theory accounts reasonably well for the size dependencies, with finite size corrections scaling as powers of the inverse radius. These deviations are found to vary with composition through a simple quadratic expansion.