The progressively increasing frailty, morbidity and mortality of aging organisms coincides with, and may be causally related to, their waning ability to adapt to environmental perturbations. Transcriptional responses to challenges, such as oxidative stress or pathogens, diminish with age. This effect is manifest in the declining function of the stress responsive transcription factor Nrf2. Protective gene expression programs that are controlled by the Drosophila Nrf2 homolog, CncC, support homeostasis and longevity. Age‐associated chromatin changes make these genes inaccessible to CncC binding and render them inert to signal‐dependent transcriptional activation in old animals. In a previous paper, we have reported that overexpression of the CncC dimerization partner Maf‐S counteracts this degenerative effect and preserves organism fitness. Building on this work, we show here that Maf‐S overexpression prevents loss of chromatin accessibility and maintains gene responsiveness. Moreover, the same outcome, along with an extension of lifespan, can be achieved by inducing CncC target gene expression pharmacologically throughout adult life. Thus, pharmacological or dietary interventions that can preserve stress responsive gene expression may be feasible anti‐aging strategies.


With this third part our Numismatic Commentary is completed. It consists of three sections:— (1) Boeotia and Phocis (Paus. IX. X.) (2) Athens (Paus. I. 1–38.) (3) Supplement; containing coins of Peloponnesus omitted in parts I. and II. of the Commentary. The Athenian section of the work involved great difficulties, especially in view of the fact that it was difficult to treat of the Athenian coins without reference to reliefs and other works of art of Athens. This difficulty the compilers have met as best they could: the Athenian coin-lists were drawn up in the first instance by the Swiss colleague. Special thanks are due to Herr Arthur Loebbecke and Professor Rhousopoulos of Athens for most liberal envois of casts: also to Professor Michaelis for valuable hints and corrections in the Athenian section.


Abstract : An autonomous system to detect both absolute and differential spacecraft charging aboard high altitude satellites, and to reduce those potentials before hazardous arcing levels are reached, is now being developed. Operation of the system is based on the empirical results of the Space Test Program SCATHA (p78-2) and NASA ATS-6 satellites, both of which successfully demonstrated the principle of safely reducing spacecraft charging levels by the emission of a low energy neutral plasma--effectively shorting the spacecraft and charged dielectric surfaces to the ambient space plasma. The Charge Control System will utilize a xenon-based plasma source capable of igniting within one second, and capable of emitting a quasi-neutral plasma containing more than 1 MA of ions. Satellite frame potential (relative to the ambient space plasma) will be determined by an electrostatic analyzer capable of detecting both ions and electrons in the energy range 50eV-20 kev. Automatic operation of the system will accomplished by microprocessor controller which will interpret the sensor data and activate the plasma source when predetermined threshold levels are exceeded. With a gas supply for more than 2000 hours of operation in space, the system may be expected to provide on-orbit spacecraft protection for up to 10 years.


EBV transformed B cells from an individual homozygously mutated (G329A) in the FUT7 gene do not roll on E- or P-selectins


This paper is an essay in axiomatic foundations for discrete geometry intended , in principle, to be suitable for digital image processing and more speculatively for spatial reasoning and description as in AI and GIS. Only the geometry of convex-ity and linearity is treated here. A digital image is considered as a nite collection of regions; regions are primitive e n tities they are not sets of points. The main result Theorem 20 shows that nite spaces are suucient. The theory draws on both region-based topology" also known as mereotopology and abstract convexity theory.


Anterior spacing is a common esthetic problem of patient during dental consultation. The most common etiology include tooth size and arch length discrepancy. Maxillary lateral incisors vary in form more than any other tooth in the mouth except the third molars. Microdontia is a condition where the teeth are smaller than the normal size. Microdontia of maxillary lateral incisor is called as "peg lateral", that exhibit converging mesial and distal surfaces of crown forming a cone like shape. A carefully documented diagnosis and treatment plan are essential if the clinician is to apply the most effective approach to address the patient's needs. A patient sometimes requires a multidisciplinary approach to correct the esthetics and to improve the occlusion. This case report describes the management of an adult female patient with a proclined upper anterior teeth, upper anterior spacing, deep bite and peg shaped upper right lateral incisor tooth through orthodontic and restorative treatment approach.


Neuromorphic computing is an emerging research field that aims to develop new intelligent systems by integrating theories and technologies from multi-disciplines such as neuroscience and deep learning. Currently, there have been various software frameworks developed for the related fields, but there is a lack of an efficient framework dedicated for spike-based computing models and algorithms. In this work, we present a Python based spiking neural network (SNN) simulation and training framework, aka SPAIC that aims to support brain-inspired model and algorithm researches integrated with features from both deep learning and neuroscience. To integrate different methodologies from the two overwhelming disciplines, and balance between flexibility and efficiency, SPAIC is designed with neuroscience-style frontend and deep learning backend structure. We provide a wide range of examples including neural circuits simulation, deep SNN learning and neuromorphic applications, demonstrating the concise coding style and wide usability of our framework. The SPAIC is a dedicated spike-based artificial intelligence computing platform, which will significantly facilitate the design, prototype and validation of new models, theories and applications. Being user-friendly, flexible and high-performance, it will help accelerate the rapid growth and wide applicability of neuromorphic computing research.


The article gives details of the in-situ uranium leach technology used in Kazakhstan mines, factors reducing permeability of productive strata and the efficient method for recovery of initial porosity. The processes of in-situ uranium leaching with sulfuric acid as a dissolver, as well as causes and conditions of drop in well productivity during operation are discussed. The effect of


Objective To establish a new content determination method,sample's internal standard,based on simultaneous determination of five components in Guizhi Decoction by HPLC under multiple UV wavelengths.Methods Peoniflorin in Guizhi Decoction was chosen as the internal standard,and the related correction factors of liquiritin,cinnamic acid,cinnamic aldehyde,and glycyrrhizic acid compared with peoniflorin were measured.The contents of these four components could be calculated by the related correction factors.This method was named to be 'sample's internal standard'(SIS).The method was evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results between angle cosine value(ACV)and SIS method.Results No significant differences were found in the quantitative results of the five components in five batchs of Guizhi Decoction by ACV and SIS methods(P0.05).Conclusion The SIS method not only can determine multiple index in Chinese materia medica(CMM)simultaneously,but also be simple and accurate.It will be a good quality evaluation pattern for CMM.


According to the standard on the environmental quality of groundwater, result of water quality was got by the way of fuzzy synthetic e valuation of water quality. The reason that water quality did not reach the standard was analyzed. To come up to the standard, disposal level of major pollution factors was brought forward.


Nowadays, many west companies are endowed with project management, that mean's the evolution from a mass economy to a variety and reactivity economy. The actual trend lies in the transfer of responsabilities by car builders to car manufacturers during car development. At the moment this evolution of responsabilities concerns design trades. The object of our research is the elaboration of a method aimed to car manufacturers in order to improve their information data source in the field of style, and allowing theim to be in partnership with the car builders in offering the adjusted concepts. Our position induces to the following hypothesis : (1) car manufacturers have to acquire skills in designing parts of vehicle, (2) car manufacturers have to take position swiftly on the earliest stages of design process, (3) this action has to be in phase with design activity by car builders. To our mind, the appropriate position lies on the formalisation of information and communication processes invoved in car design. To get with this problematic, we established a model of the global styling process involved in the car development process. This model is supported by the analysis of cognitive activity of the stylists. It is a formal representation linked with the design process and with a substantive point of view based on the sign theorie. We analyse the interaction between both of them. Then we suggest directions for awareness tools in the field of design, allowing the car manufacturers to inquire about organizational, informational, and procedural trends.


External magnetic field brings asymmetry between Ampere's law of force and the Faraday's law of induction in oscillating magnet Kibble balance experiment. In this summary paper, we develop the measurement techniques to take into account the effect of the external magnetic field on the realization of kilogram.


This paper first introduces traditional question of remainder: "known remainder of a positive integer to be different positive integer divide, seeking this positive integer", then compares and analyzes exhaustive algorithm and the Chinese remainder theorem (Sunzi theorem) with mathematical analysis algorithm, and with computer programming.


The impact of domestic waste separation in each province needs to be arranged taking into account the actual situation of carbon emission control, so that the situation of carbon emission control of domestic waste separation is more reasonable. This paper establishes an entropy weighting model to analyze all the factors influencing the development of carbon emission control of domestic waste separation, so that we can get the weights of carbon emission control caused by the carbon emission control index of domestic waste separation. A comprehensive evaluation model is established to score the relevant indicators using the previous weights, so as to be able to derive the amount of influence and compare the influence caused by carbon emission control, so as to complete the classification and get the correlation between municipal domestic waste classification and carbon peak carbon neutrality. For its future development path to be analyzed, suggestions are given and the study is completed.


Background: Ascl2 regulates the plasticity of EMT-MET programs in colon cancer cells. Results: Ascl2 loss of function in colon cancer cells promoted MET by derepressing miR-200 expression through a direct transcriptional mechanism. Conclusion: Ascl2 promotes EMT occurrence in part via miR-200s. Significance: This study sheds new light on preventing EMT in colon cancer. Ascl2, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, is a downstream target of WNT signaling that controls the fate of intestinal cryptic stem cells and colon cancer progenitor cells. However, its involvement in colon cancer and downstream molecular events is largely undefined; in particular, the mechanism by which Ascl2 regulates the plasticity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) programs in colon cancer cells remains unknown. In this study, we systematically demonstrate that Ascl2 loss of function in colon cancer cells promotes MET by derepressing the expression of microRNA (miR)-200s (i.e. miR-200b, miR-200a, miR-429, miR-200c, and miR-141) and further activating their expression through a transcriptional mechanism that involves direct binding to the most proximal E-box (E-box2) in the miR-200b-a-429 promoter. Activation of miR-200s due to Ascl2 deficiency led to the inhibition of ZEB1/2 expression and the alteration of epithelial and mesenchymal features. Transfection of miR-200b, miR-200a, and miR-429 inhibitors into Ascl2-deficient colon cancer cells promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in a reversible manner. Transfection of miR-200a or miR-429 inhibitors into Ascl2-deficient colon cancer cells increased cellular proliferation and migration. Ascl2 mRNA levels and the miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, or miR-429 levels in the colon cancerous samples were inversely correlated. These results provide the first evidence of a link between Ascl2 and miR-200s in the regulation of EMT-MET plasticity in colon cancer.


Introduction: For future exploration of the Moon it is important to utilize the experience of manufacturing and utilization of Soviet Lunokhods 1 and 2 and the US Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle (Figs. 1 and 2). Lunokhods were robotic rovers operated by the team in an Earth Control Center based on transmissions from the Moon of images and rover orientation information [1,2]. The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) used in the Apollo 15, 16 and 17 missions was operated by astronauts driving them on the lunar surface, guided in general by premission traverse plans and scientific goals and objectives, their own observations and geologic interpretations, and their assessment of the trafficability as they traversed the surface [3,4]. It is interesting to note that in 1971 at the end of July beginning August both Lunokhod 1 and Apollo 15 LRV were simultaneously operating on the Moon without any communication and coordination.


This text aims at learning more about the nature of patterns by examining a very simple and intuitive example of a pattern: a path as a solution to reach a goal. A path is obviously bound to its environment and this happens to be a good starting point to emphasize why the context of a pattern is so important. By visual illustration one will find that it is the environment with its embedded forces that shapes the possible solutions. On a map this relation can literally be seen. Paths and their representations on maps are very well known concepts. This allows the use of common sense to understand properties of patterns that are otherwise hard to grasp. We will discuss and illustrate the context, problem and forces, solution and consequences sections for the path metaphor. Moreover, we will use the metaphor to reflect about pattern qualities, such as their level of abstraction, the granularity and composition of smaller patterns, wholeness and their empirical status.


The ability to outsource domestic labor is essential for women with high-earning potential. Since immigrants represent a large portion of the workforce in household production and childcare industries, I examine how the concentration of immigrants in a county and the enforcement of the federal immigration policy Secure Communities (SC) impact high-educated women's labor outcomes. I find that high-educated women in counties with a higher immigrant concentration are more likely to work and earn more income than their peers. In counties where SC is active, high-educated women with young children are less likely to work than those in non-active counties. Further, quantities of submissions and deportations from SC have no influence on the labor outcomes of high-educated women. I conclude that the mere threat of a strict immigration policy is enough to cause sizable immigrant labor supply shocks that negatively influence the availability of domestic services, worsening women's career opportunities.


Terminal parts of the respiratory chain of Paracoccus denitrificans containing cytochromes c have been investigated through the use of NNN′Nprime;‐tetramethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (TMPD) as an electron donor. The cells have been shown to possess two major membrane bound TMPD oxidases characterized by their different sensitivities to cyanide. The more sensitive one, identified as cytochrome aa3, appears to be produced under oxygen‐rich growth conditions, whereas a less sensitive and as yet uncharacterized enzyme accompanied with only moderate amounts of cytochrome aa3 functions when oxygen becomes limiting. The soluble periplasmic cytochrome cd1 does not contribute significantly to the total oxygen consumption rate, although its maximal catalytic capacity may be high. The fact thap the activity of alternative TMPD oxidase is not proportional to cytochrome o content is discussed in relation to possible occurrence of two distinct cytochrome o‐type terminal oxidases.


This article specifically intends to discuss criticallu the opinions of Moslems political experts, about the posibility of a non-Moslem to be a president in the Moslem's State. Until recently, the classical Islamic discourses on this issue tend to be trapped in the normative model of analysis which seems intolerant and ragid. These discourses to some extent do not appreciaterightly the social, cultural, historical and political complexities of muslim community. Hence, the classical discoruses have been viewed by many contemporary scholars fail to response the nowadays social-political dynamic especially from multi-culturalism and the democracy. This article attempts to trace the forgitten dimensions and rarely discussed. Keywords : Kontroversi, presiden non-Muslim, negara Muslim, otoritas Tuhan, despotisme, dan ijtihad politik.


Provided is a ferritic stainless-steel foil having an excellent whisker-producing ability. The ferritic stainless-steel foil having an excellent whisker-producing ability has a composition which contains, in terms of mass%, up to 0.050% C, up to 2.00% Si, up to 0.50% Mn, up to 0.010% S, up to 0.050% P, 15.0-30.0% Cr, 2.5-6.5% Al, and up to 0.050% N and further contains at least one element selected from among 0.01-0.50% Ti, 0.01-0.20% Nb, 0.01-0.20% V, 0.005-0.200% Zr, and 0.005-0.200% Hf, with the remainder comprising Fe and unavoidable impurities. The foil has a surface in which the areal proportion of [111] crystal grains (crystal grains in which the difference between the [111] plane and the direction perpendicular to the foil surface is within 15 DEG ) is 50% or higher. The foil surface has an oxide layer having a thickness of 0.1 [miu] or less.


I would like to congratulate the staff of Preventing Chronic Disease: Public Health Research, Practice, and Policy on publishing its inaugural issue and to commend its efforts in bringing together diverse audiences in the public health community to address chronic disease prevention. The United States faces an epidemic of unparalleled proportion, an epidemic that is substantiated by hard facts. Seven of 10 deaths are caused by chronic diseases. The underlying causes of these deaths are often risk factors that can be successfully modified years before they ultimately contribute to illness and death. To truly change our attitudes to focus on preventing chronic diseases rather than simply treating them, we need to reach Americans in their homes and neighborhoods with innovative programs and information. I applaud the journal's commitment to reducing the burden of chronic disease through the dissemination of research and the promotion of dialogue among researchers, practitioners, and community advocates. Public health is at a tipping point; we have never had more challenges, but we have never had more opportunities either. Preventing Chronic Disease offers a unique forum for sharing influential, successful, and innovative resources to improve public health.


Objective To discuss the role of the promoter methylation status of estrogen receptor beta(ERβ) gene in tumorgenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods DNA was extracted from 64 cases of new frozen epithelial ovarian cancers,20 cases of benign ovarian tumors and 10 cases of normal ovarian tissues.Methylation-specific PCR(MSP) approach was used to detect the CpG island promoter methylation status of ERβ gene.Radio-immunity method was used to assess the level of estrogen(E2)in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.Results The level of E2 in menopausal ovarian cancer group was(82.34±3.87)pmol/L,higher than(53.25±8.38)pmol/L in benign ovarian tumor group and(31.65±4.43)pmol/L in normal ovarian group with statistic significance(P0.05).There was no difference among the three groups premenopausal.The promoter hypermethylation frequency of ERβ gene in epithelial ovarian caner and pelvic metastases was 46.88 %(30/64) and 36.67%(11/30)without statistic significance.No methylation of ERβ was detected in benign ovarian tumors and normal ovarian tissues.ERβ gene hypermethylation was significantly associated with clinical stage,pathologic type and histologic type,but not correlated with lymphatic metastasis.The hazard ratio of methylation status of ERβ gene in ovarian cancer was 7.82 times of normal ovary(95% credibility interval:1.129-22.496),and that in late stage ovarian cancer was 15.68 times of early stage(95% credibility interval:1.067-35.085).Conclusion CpG island promoter methylation of ERβ gene is correlated with carcinogenesis and development in the epithelial ovarian cancer.High level of E2 can evoke gene change.Detecting promoter methylation of ERβ gene may be helpful to differentiate lesions from epithelial ovarian cancer.ERβ may be a potential target for ovarian cancer treatment.


The main purpose of this article is to discuss how negative externalities generated by consumption can have impact on the same individual in his/her role as a citizen and consumer. Therefore, in order to highlight this relation,a generation, distribution and consumption of electricity systemwas presented. Asto  methodological procedures, anexploratory and deductive typehas been adopted so as to approach the study, ie, we have started from general concepts on consumer behaviour and externalities, in order to build a relationship between the two concepts so as to explain citizen-conscious consumption-citizen. Regarding the analysis, a qualitative approach has been used for appreciation of content analysis. The main results of this research that can be highlighted are that both the negative externalities generated in production and distribution and the negative consumption externalities are absorbed by individuals in their roles as consumers or citizens. In this case, externalities are assimilated in the power supply bill or the government bill. So anyway the individual will pay,either as a consumer or as a citizen. So, to understand that externalities generated in consumer processes will be internalized and directed to oneself,, one can build a sense of "consumer-citizen".


Hospital Admission from the Emergency Department for Patients Diagnosed with Heart Failure by Tammy Young MS, Walden University, 2016 BS, Jacksonville State University, 1998 BS, Jacksonville State University, 1990 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Healthcare Administration


In this paper we compare two non-interferometric wavefront sensors suitable for in-situ high-NA EUV optical testing. The first is the AIS sensor, which has been deployed in both inspection and exposure tools. AIS is a compact, optical test that directly measures a wavefront by probing various parts of the imaging optic pupil and measuring localized wavefront curvature. The second is an image-based technique that uses an iterative algorithm based on simulated annealing to reconstruct a wavefront based on matching aerial images through focus. In this technique, customized illumination is used to probe the pupil at specific points to optimize differences in aberration signatures.


After primarily determined on air microorganism in tulupan city, the results show that concentration of average bacterium(B), fungus(F), total bacterium(T) in outdoors and F/T% is 33 106.3, 0, 33 106.3 CFU/m3, 0 respectively. It is suggested that outdoor air is in a state of general microorganism pollution, air of some monitoring spots is polluted seriously. Concentration of average bacterium in indoors is 9 982.22, which show air pollution seriously indoors. Then space-time distributing status of air microorganism Concentration indexes is analysed in this paper.


In this tribute to the Right Honourable Sir Ian Mckay (1929-2014), a highly respected Court of Appeal judge from 1991-1997, Sir Ivor Richardson reflects on Sir Ian Mckay's long and varied career in both the public and private sectors. Sir Ian Mckay made a major and distinctive contribution to the Court of Appeal. He is also remembered for his involvement in a range of government law reform bodies, government agencies, and other associations, as well as for his time on the Samoan Court of Appeal.


To examine and diagnose patients who injured in Bam earthquake at 5:26:52 Am (local time) on Friday, December 26, 2003 with traumatic peripheral neuropathies then treat and follow up. A longitudinal study was deigned. 159 patients with traumatic neuropathies were selected at the first stage of study. After six months follow up only 39 patients satisfied to enter the study. Clinical examination, Nerve conduction velocity, F wave and H wave were done and registered. The male and female frequency was equal (19M/20F) and average of age was 31.1+/-11.6. During 6 months period following earthquake 19 cases (48.7%) were improved in healing of neuropathies and were better in both neurological examination and electro-diagnostic tests. The repeated measurement analysis of variances did not reveal any difference in healing of nerves in sex and age groups. So patients' gender and age did not influence on recovery of neuropathies. The neuropathy injuries in Bam earthquake was the same as other earthquakes in Japan, China and Turkey, approximately. The notification to neuropathy in crush injuries and extremity damage for early diagnosis and treatment of neuropathies is considerable. At the earthquake disaster management, It is important that trained person rescue the victims to prevent extra injuries.


The synthesis and characterization of N-HTC materials for the application in the water electrolysis are the main focus of this work. N-incorporation is of fundamental importance throughout this work since, first of all, N is an n-type dopant by acting as electron-donor. The technique of N-doping tunes the physicochemical material properties. It is cheap, non-toxic and has the advantage to tailor the desired electrical, mechanical, optical, magnetic, structural, morphological or chemical properties. N-doping may improve conductivity, surface wettability, catalytic or storage characteristics. Besides, N-doping creates active sites and thus might enhance electrocatalytic activity as well as long-term electrochemical stability. The hydrothermal synthetic route has been applied based on the precursors glucose and urotropine. During hydrothermal synthesis, urotropine together with glucose undergoes a plethora of complex reaction pathways. Ammonia, in particular, the decomposition product of urotropine, contributes to a wide range of reaction mechanisms. The molar ratio of glucose and urotropine has been modified in order to achieve a steady increase of the N-content. Urotropine was proved to be a highly effective N-precursor. With raising the mass fraction of urotropine towards glucose, maximal N-proportion of 19 wt% can be achieved. The pH plays a major role during synthesis and has a high impact in the reaction mechanisms of the corresponding reaction steps. Based on HTC chars, to date, no systematic pH investigations exist by modification of the molar ratios of the applied precursors. In this work, systematic studies on the pH have been performed. By variation of the molar ratio of urotropine to glucose the pH can be tuned due to the decomposition of the N-precursor urotropine into ammonia and formaldehyde. The pH changes to a more alkaline behavior if the molar ratio of urotropine to glucose is increased. Reversely, rising the molar ratio of glucose to urotropine or if only glucose is used as starting material, the pH tend to be more acidic. In both cases ≤ C6 products are obtained. At pH 7 the degradation via HMF is depressed and reducing effects yields deprotonations or benzylic acid-type rearrangements. Decarbonylations and decarboxylations arise only to a lesser extent. Besides, fragmentations are the predominant reactions enclosing β-elimination, retro-aldol fragmentation or hydrolytic β-dicarbonyl fragmentation. Throughout this work, both reaction pathways have been selected in order to analyze the degree of internal condensation of the polymeric carbon network, the preferential structural moieties or functional groups that have been formed. These special features are the main reason for the high diversity of organic compounds, functional groups and numerous structural motifs in the hydrochar.
 A large variety of characterization techniques have been employed. It is the first comprehensive analytical study of a series of as-synthesized N-containing hydrothermal carbon (N-HTCs), consisting of analytical data of UV/VIS, HPLC, optical microscopy, SEM/(HR)TEM, BET, elemental analysis, FTIR, electronic structure calculations, TG-MS, zeta potential, acid-base titration, Raman, XRD, EELS and solid-state NMR. Due to the combination of these characterization techniques, scientific findings on the complex molecular structure could be gained. In N-free HTCs, solely O-functional groups exist, for the most part furan-based functions with aliphatic compounds acting as linkers. In contrast to it, N-HTCs consist of a large number of both, O- and N-functional groups. Only by adding higher amount urotropine, more temperature stable N-based structural elements such as pyrrole and pyridine are formed.
 The N-HTC disc electrodes are subjected to electrocatalytic investigations with regard to water splitting process. Electrochemical characterization studies include cyclic voltammetry (CV), modular potentiometry (MP, stationary polarization), chronopotentiometry (CP) and chronoamperometry (CA) to investigate electron transfer processes, electrochemical activity as well as stability. The pellets exhibit a remarkable mechanical stability. It is the very first approach in which no binder needed to be used to stabilize the material for electrochemical applications. Disc electrodes at high anodic-potentials are tested under oxygen evolution reaction (OER) conditions in alkaline media according to a standardization protocol. N-free disc electrodes are most susceptible to carbon corrosion whereas the incorporation of N improves the material properties. The higher the amount of N is, the higher the electrochemical activity and stability. Besides, the electrolyte undergoes a color change turning from colorless into dark brown. The brown substance was isolated and is presumed to be a polymeric humic acid-like organic compound.


Demands for fast dynamic reconfiguration for programmable devices have increased because the fast dynamic reconfiguration can increase the number of functions on a gate array. This paper presents a proposal of a novel optically differential reconfigurable gate array architecture with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror array that enables high-speed reconfiguration by exploiting large-bandwidth optical connections between the MEMS mirror array and a programmable gate array. The MEMS mirror array is used as a holographic memory. Four configuration contexts can be programmed electrically and dynamically onto the MEMS mirror array as holographic memory information. A configuration procedure is executed by switching of both a laser array and a MEMS mirror array. This experiment has demonstrated a four-context 9 ns microelectromechanical reconfiguration for a programmable gate array.


Searching for a general and technically simple multi-scale formalism to treat interacting fermions, we develop a (Wilson-Kadanoo) block renormalization group mechanism, which, due to the property of \orthogonality between scales", establishes a trivial link between the correlation functions and the eeective potential ow, leading to simple expressions for the generating and correlation functions. Everything is based on the existence of \special conngurations" (lattice wavelets) for multi-scale problems: using a simple linear change of variables relating the initial elds to these conngurations we establish the formalism. The algebraic formulas show a perfect parallel with those obtained for bosonic problems , considered in previous works.


New exact solutions of the Lorentz, Hamilton--Jacobi, Klein--Gordon, and Dirac equations for an electron moving in the field of a plane wave and in electric and magnetic fields were found. The electric and magnetic fields are parallel to the direction of propagation of the plane wave. The magnetic field is constant and the electric field is an arbitrary function of the combination ct- z. (auth)


This paper shows the relationship between building materials, the available building techniques and their impact to the energy requirements, environment and building occupants. It goes further into the elements of passive and active course. The climate and geography of a place determines the type materials and the passive and active techniques of enhancing human comfort. To be able to precisely describe this, the paper shall focus on hot and humid climates. When selecting building materials one should look not only on their availability and economics but also on their performance. The materials suited for a particular climate does not necessarily give the same performance in another climate. Therefore the design must be appropriate to materials and climatic conditions with the focus on their thermal characteristics. With the availability of modern building materials and techniques many buildings are put in place without due consideration of energy, environment and the comfort requirements. This causes high demand of energy for heating and/cooling to achieve comfortable indoor climate. Proper coordination between the building materials and the building techniques will minimise the energy requirements of the building through active and passive integration and at the same time provide comfort environment. In this way high-energy demand and environmental degradation is reduced.


Depression is a common mental health problem causing significant disability globally, including in Canada. Prevalence estimates for depression within Black communities in Canada are unknown. This study determined the prevalence of depression in a sample of Black Canadians and the association between everyday racial discrimination experiences and depression.


Thousands of tons of biodegradable organic waste generates in urban and rural areas every day, creating disposal problems. Urban organic waste can be converted into valuable output products (vermicompost, vermin-liquid, and earthworms) by applying a vermicomposting technique that had different. Implementing green roofs via soilless culture systems as micro-scale farms led to increasing natural resource use efficiencies as well as producing fresh food. The integration of both techniques will create not just reduce pollution and climate change impacts but also for increasing food production and security in urban, enhance the lifestyle and increase public awareness of environmental issues. This process is profitable at any scale of operation.


It is known that the circadian rhythm of melatonin production depends on the intensity of illumination. Violation of the light regime leads to suppression of melatonin synthesis and the development of desynchronosis, which increases the risk of developing a number of pathologies. In this regard, it is relevant to search for opportunities to restore disturbed circadian rhythms and, especially, to correct immune dysfunctions that occur in these situations.The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a complex of melatonin, aluminum oxide and polymethylsiloxane on the lymphocytes of the spleen of mice kept under round-the-clock lighting.Materials and methods. Mice of the C57Bl/6J line were kept under round-the-clock lighting for 14 days, against which they were intragastrically injected with distilled water, aluminum oxide with polydimethylsiloxane, melatonin and a complex of melatonin, aluminum oxide and polymethylsiloxane (a new drug developed by the Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS; Patent of Russian Federation No. 2577580, 2016), represented by a complex of porous material (aluminum oxide with polydimethylsiloxane) and melatonin, immobilized in the pores, from which it is gradually released in a liquid medium. Intact animals kept under the light regime of ST 12/12 and under round-the-clock lighting served as a control. Immunophenotyping of spleen B- and T-lymphocytes was performed on a flow cytofluorimeter with monoclonal antibodies APC CD3 and FITC CD19. For studying the distribution of cells by stages of the cell cycle in splenocytes, the amount of intracellular DNA was measured by the level of inclusion of propidium iodide.Results. Flow cytometry of the distribution of B- and T-lymphocytes of the spleen in male mice of the C57Bl/6J line kept under round-the-clock lighting conditions (KO 24/0 h) revealed a decrease in the percentage of B-lymphocytes and an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes, compared with animals kept under standard lighting conditions (the light/dark photoperiod – 14/10 hours). The ratio of CD19+/CD3+ lymphocytes of the spleen in mice under the conditions of KO significantly decreases (1.5 times) compared to intact animals (p ≤ 0.001). The administration of pure and modified melatonin (Complex M) to animals kept under round-the-clock lighting conditions has an equally pronounced normalizing effect on the cellular composition of B- (CD19) and T- (CD3) lymphocytes of the spleen, bringing the values of the studied parameters to the control values of the intact animals (p ≤ 0.001) Round-the-clock lighting affects the proliferative potential of splenocytes, reducing the number of cells in the G2/M phase, compared with animals treated with melatonin (p ≤ 0.050). The introduction of melatonin leads to an increase in the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase relative to the placebo group (p ≤ 0.050). In the group of mice treated with Complex M, the greatest increase in cells at the S + G2/M phases and the highest percentage of cells at the G2/M phase were revealed compared to the placebo control group (p ≤ 0.050).Conclusion. The complex of melatonin, aluminum oxide and polymethylsiloxane has additional immunotropic properties in relation to the modifier molecule, which, apparently, are due to the joint immunostimulating effect of melatonin and the lymphostimulating effect of the sorbent. Melatonin in the composition of the complex shows its properties more stably.


An evaluation model for degree of topic relatedness based on dynamic matching is proposed in this paper, which is based on web page segmentation and primary content block detection and is aimed at large scale web page collections. The evaluation model can suit automatically with inputted data type and is able to resolve partly the contradiction between time-consuming and accuracy rate. In addition, term weighting formula and nonlinear computing function which are the basis of the proposed evaluation model are improved in this paper after a lot of studies and experiments. The experimental results show that the evaluation model proposed in this paper performed better than present approaches.


Purpose: The goal of this research was to develop a model for the impact of several factors on OTT adoption in Kenya.
Materials and Methods: This study employed an explanatory research technique. The target population for this study was limited to 23076 subscribers, who were the active subscribers of Viusasa as of December 2018. Simple random sampling was used to sample form the target population. Data collection was done through a structured questionnaire, which was both in soft and hard copy. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v25.0) was utilized to analyze the responses received from the questionnaire. The study generated and used averages, frequencies, and percentages to present the analysis.
Results: The findings revealed that individual factors (β=0.326, p=0.000), technological factors (β=0.268, p=0.000), organizational factors (users) (β=0.166, p=0.000) and environmental factors (users) (β=0.270, p=0.000) have a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of OTTs in Kenya. Pay TV providers and broadcasting stations that are providing or purpose to provide OTT services to focus on the key individual factors that lead to the adoption of OTT services. Based on the multiple regression findings, the null hypotheses were rejected since the P values were less than 0.05 and thus, there is a significant effect individual factors, technological factors, organizational factors and environmental factors on the adoption of OTT services in Kenya is not statistically significant.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study findings indicate that the theory of diffusion is applicable to the study of factors influencing the adoption of OTT. Pay TV providers and broadcasting stations that were providing or purposed to provide OTT services are encouraged to focus on the key individual factors that lead to the adoption of OTT services. The understandings assisted on the providers improving their relationship with the users and have a bigger market even in terms of the customer base. Telecom operators in Kenya are encouraged to develop competitive OTT services to gain a competitive advantage over the present OTTs' players.


The retail landscape in India is changing rapidly and is being scrutinized by large scale investments by foreign and domestic players. Market liberalization and changing consumer behavior have sown the seeds of a retail transformation. Indian retailing is growing fast and imparting the consumer preferences across the country. Today retailing is largest contributing sector to country's GDP i.e. 10% as compared to 8% in China, 6% in Brazil. Modern retailing is capable of generating employment opportunities for 2.5 million people by 2010 in various retail operations and over 10 million additional workforces in retail support activities. Organized retail which presently account for only 4-6 percent of the total market is likely to increase its share to over 30% by 2013.It offers huge potential for growth in coming years. India is becoming most favore retail destination in the world.


1 2 Preface When we were first confronted with OsiriX and our final goal – to be able to sketch surface paths on bone structure from within a plug-in – it seemed to be the best approach to implement an independent 3D surface rendering context on our own; either directly from scratch, or by fitting a copy of the SRController/SRView pair, which represents a 3D surface rendering context in OsiriX, into our plug-in. This also seemed to be the only reasonable way to approach our task, for a number of reasons, most notably • up to the time of writing this documentation, there is no interface defined whatsoever for plug-ins to access 3D data, as generated by a 3D view • making modifications directly to the OsiriX source code brings unlimited freedom, but being a home-brewed fork of the original source tree, it is both hard to maintain as OsiriX is being constantly improved, and it is difficult to share with others (because it implies that either receivers need to be able to recompile a customized version of OsiriX, or a huge, custom-built binary package has to be exchanged, which is required to flawlessly run on foreign hardware) However, creating a custom 3D surface renderer comes at a price, too. Much existing functionality has to be reimplemented, and functionality meant for one particular type of data visualization and manipulation is spread over different implementations that are developed independently. The impact of this drawback became even more apparent when we discovered a new feature in OsiriX's 3D surface rendering view, which was the possibility to mark points on the displayed surface – a key functionality for our plug-in that we were just pondering about. We finally managed to overcome some limitations of the plug-in interface by exploiting core functionalities provided by both the Foundation Framework and Cocoa, as well as the Objective C runtime – we refer to the chapter 7 for more details. Since then, we have shifted our primary goal a bit away from implementing sophisticated algorithms for finding geodesic paths, towards the development of a collection of classes and concepts which can serve as a flexible base for future work related to our original goal. Our hope is that others will benefit from the Planning Butler, which, although not equipped with much functionality for surgery planning yet, might serve as an aid for educational purposes and maybe even …


Italian immigration which reached south western france at the beginning of the twenties had a major impact in local rural communities. To better understand the relations between the french and the italians, it is necessary to assess the reactions of public opinion as it was confronted with this migration. Hence this study lays emphasis on a plural approach which combines an analysis of both the sociological data on the issue and the social discourse it generated. To do so it is essential to take into account the various systems of representations at work in southern french society as well as the interactions induced by the differences of opinion within the two populations. At first, demographic preoccupation coupled with a general agreement on the benefits of an increased labour force eased the acceptance of this immigration. The shared rural values contributed to the shaping of a favourable representation among local people. In the midst of conflicts revolving around fascism, ideological references had a pivotal role as they determined contrasted reactions of either hostility or friendship ; the political and communal organisation of migrants had a long lasting influence on these reactions. Despite its overall importance in the expression of public opinion, the political issue was not the only one relevant. Catholicity, the manner professional relations were then conducted, the mutual perception of cultural practices, etc. Permit to achieve a more thorough comprehension of the manifestations of opinion which characterised this migratory encounter. From the late thirties to june 1944 (french liberation) this period of crisis gave rise to tensions. The global context, the consequences of the italian declaration of war against france and the new scissions resulting from german occupation combined to transform the representations at work in the public opinion and modified the relations between french and italians.


Several lines of evidence suggest that the c‐Src tyrosine kinase has a specific role in bone‐resorbing osteoclasts. To investigate this further, we examined the expression of c‐Src, its kinase family members, and their putative substrates in the human leukemia cell line FLG 29.1. Western blot analysis with specific antibodies against Src family members showed expression of Src, Fyn, and Lyn, lower levels of Yes and Hck, and the absence of Lck tyrosine kinase. During a 3‐day treatment with phorbol 12‐myristate, 13‐acetate (PMA), which induces differentiation of FLG 29.1 cells toward an osteoclast‐like phenotype, the levels of Src and Fyn increased and the levels of Lyn decreased. In a similar leukemia cell line, HL‐60, Src protein was not constitutively expressed and not induced by PMA treatment, which leads to monocytic differentiation. PMA treatment of FLG 29.1 cells induced a strong increase in the expression of p120 Cbl and Pyk2 kinase, which are putative Src substrates. Pyk2 phosphorylation increased upon adherence of FLG 29.1 cells to fibronectin and to ST2 stromal cells. The expression of other Src substrates and interacting proteins, such as p120 Cas, p130 Cas, vinculin, Fak kinase, and the p85 phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase subunit either did not change or slightly increased during PMA treatment. The elevated total protein tyrosine phosphorylation in PMA‐treated FLG 29.1 cells was abolished by herbimycin A, a Src inhibitor. These data are consistent with the proposed role of Src in the osteoclastic function and support the use of FLG 29.1 cells as a model to study Src substrates in the cells of the osteoclastic lineage.


The author discusses automated production-worthy solutions for high-volume manufacturing. He suggests that Design for Test (DFT) techniques such as scan (particularly full scan) provide design hooks that enable more effective solutions, while advances in realistic defect behavior modeling and simulation are improving both the accuracy and the ability to localize more difficult defect types. Given a real commitment and a significant investment in research and development, the logic diagnosis problem is promising.


Received for publication 8 Feb. 2006. Accepted for publication 7 Mar. 2006. We are grateful to David Ophardt for technical assistance, James McFerson, Don Elfving, and Preston Andrews for their critical manuscript reviews, and to the WSU Agricultural Research Center and the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission for financial support. Author to whom reprint requests should be addressed; e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. Fish Oil Plus Lime Sulfur Shows Potential as a Sweet Cherry Postbloom Thinning Agent Olivia M. Lenahan and Matthew D. Whiting Washington State University, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, 24106 North Bunn Road, Prosser, WA 99350


Do you belong to Facebook? Or the question perhaps should be who doesn't belong to Facebook? The answer is probably that almost everyone belongs to Facebook, whether they are boys, girls, men, women and even the older generation who are getting to know technology like everyone else does. While everyone who has registered for these social networks seems to enjoy the difference that these social networks have made on a personal and even wider level, I would like to take one angle that has raised a considerable amount of discussion in the academic field. The question is to what extent the teacher's personal life should be exposed to his/her students.


This research aims to develop interactive learning media based on the website for mathematics subjects in junior high school. The research and development (R&D) method was applied to this research to achieve that goal and the model used is ADDIE. ADDIE model consists of five phases: (1) Analyze, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) Implement, and (5) Evaluate. The research was conducted in grade 8 students of SMPS Kristen Makedonia Ngabang with 27 participants and six people for a validity test based on media design experts, media experts, and mathematics content experts. Questionnaire instruments and attitude scales were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data. Overall, according to the data analysis (with the frequency range of 1 to 5), it is found that the media design has met very valid criteria with an average value of 4,76. Nonetheless, the analysis result of empirical assessment for individual, small group, and field try procedures for 27 students in SMPS Kristen Makedonia Ngabang grade 8 expressed that the students are very happy to use interactive learning multimedia based on the website with an average value of 6,27 with the frequency range of 1 to 7. Furthermore, according to the result of the effectiveness attitude questionnaire towards media and the pre-treatment and post-treatment analysis that involved 30 students, there was a significant difference as , (). Therefore, the interactive learning multimedia based on the website for mathematics subjects in junior high school can be implemented for mathematics-related topics in junior high school.


This paper contains descriptions of sixteen new species of Phyllhermannia from temperate rainforest and wet sclerophyll forest in the Australian Capital Territory (P. namadjiensis sp. nov.), New South Wales (P. bandabanda sp. nov., P. colini sp. nov. and P. tanjili sp. nov.), Tasmania (Phyllhermannia acalepha sp. nov., P. craticula sp. nov., P. lemannae sp. nov., P. luxtoni sp. nov. and P. strigosa sp. nov.) and Victoria (P. croajingolongensis sp. nov., P. errinundrae sp. nov., P. gigas sp. nov., P. hunti sp. nov., P. leei sp. nov. and P. leonilae sp. nov. and P. sauli sp. nov.). A partial supplementary description and new distribution record is given for P. eusetosa Lee, 1985 from South Australia. Phyllhermannia dentata glabra Hammer, 1962 is elevated to specific status. Hermannia macronychus Tragardh, 1907 and H. fungifer Mahunka 1988 are recombined to Phyllhermannia. A new diagnosis of Phyllhermannia is given and immature stages are described for the first time. Three species-groups are tentatively recognised: Acalepha, confined to Tasmania, Colini, found in the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and New South Wales and Eusetosa, found in Victoria and South Australia.


In some areas, sustained bombardments and intense fighting have transformed civilian and residential neighborhoods into a battlefield. As a result, medical work in these areas has been driven underground where doctors and nurses operate in secret, makeshift, provisional facilities such as caves, farms, and apartment buildings. Massacres and mass casualty events have unfortunately become a daily routine.


The entirety of this research is based on a description of the main factors in the treatment of the child, access to the child's world and clarifying how they work, and giving various examples about raising and upbringing the child in an ideal manner. This research dives into the details of the main important axes, which are you mean a lot about childhood, the early mind of the child, and how to fill in, direct, and guide him towards the right path in building a successful society.
And it sheds light on the main aspects of raising a child. I focused in this research on the role that books of children's literature, of great importance for children and the emerging new generation of the nation, interaction and communication between literature and its effect on the child in terms of encouraging learning instead of stifling feelings, suppressing thinking and actions. Encouraging the expression of ideas, focusing on interest and enjoyment, addressing negatives central issues: including, child development, personality development, mind, cognitive development, and the role of education in building his personality depends on three factors: innate qualities, the characteristics of the parents responsible for caring for the child and the experiences and circumstances, that the child goes through in his life.
Raising the child is the goal of children s literature, a good moral and ethical upbringing, the influence of parents on him positively, builds the character of the child and on his emotional life, due to the child's tendencies to imitate parents or people, who have an important interest in their lives.


(57) Abstract: Method and apparatus for assay of the drug candidate by the biosensor having one or more sensing surface-binding biomolecules associated with drug candidates are disclosed. Step law measures binding interactions between one or more sensing face binding biomolecules drug candidates and biosensors, to obtain an estimate for the at least one binding interaction parameter of the drug candidate, then , an estimate of the binding interaction parameter, as compared with the numeric expression were correlated from the associated binding interaction data to a known drug compound, drug-related candidates, absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion (ADME) the pharmacokinetic parameters, including the step of determining at least one estimate.


The heat pumps are alternative heating/cooling systems more energy efficiency and unless pollutant in comparison with classical systems (liquid or gas fuel boiler). A large number of heat pump systems have been used in residential and commercial buildings throughout the world due to the attractive advantages of high energy and environmental performances. This paper presents the economic, energy and environmental performance criteria which show the opportunity to implement a heat pump in a heating/cooling system. A computational model of annual energy consumption for an air-to-water heat pump based on the degree−day method and the bin method implemented in a computer program is developed. In addition, from a case study a comparative economical analysis of heating solutions for a building is performed and the energy and economic advantages of building heating solution with a water-to-water heat pump are reported. Finally, the renewable energy sources contribution from heat pump sales in EU is shown.


Autism is a developmental disorder involving communication, social interaction and imagination activities. One of the therapies used to reduce autism in children is diet therapy. Dietary therapies require special knowledge for parents of children with autism in order to know which foods and drinks are recommended or avoided. Therefore, in this study, the authors intend to build a food and drinks ontology for dieters in autism sufferers based on semantic web technology that using protege. The ontology built contains 50 foods and drinks for three types of autism diet therapy. Ontology testing uses SPARQL query to get answers from the questions asked. The results of the built ontology model can be used as a knowledge base on foods and drinks to facilitate autistic dieters in choosing a diet that fits the type of diet.


Jiaozhou Bay,which locates in the south of Shandong Peninsula,is a semi-closed natural bay extending from the Yellow Sea.It serves as an excellent spawning and feeding ground for fishes and other invertebrate animals,and is an important ecosystem with high productivity and biodiversity.However,due to the high fishing pressure,pollution,coastal development and the effect of global warming,major changes have taken place in the region.Based on the data collected monthly in the set net survey from March 2009 to February 2010 in Jiaozhou Bay,fish community structure and species diversity were examined by ecological diversity indices and multivariate statistical analysis.The results showed that there were 44 species of fishes(young of the year) in the survey,of which 27 species were marine fish,and the rest 17 species were estuarine fish.The fish species composition of Jiaozhou Bay was closely related with the bottom water temperature and salinity.The Margalef species richness index(R) of fish species composition in Jiaozhou Bay ranged between 0.33 and 3.50,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′) were from 0.42 to 2.25,with the Pielou evenness index(J′) varying from 0.23 to 0.93.According to the hierarchical cluster analysis(CLUSTER) and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling(MDS) analysis,fish samples were classified into three month-groups,which are group 1(G1,December—April) with the lowest bottom water temperature,Group 2(G2,May—June,October—November) with higher water temperature and Group 3(G3 July—September) with the highest water temperature.The typifying species in G1 were some resident cold temperate fish species such as great pipefish Syngnathus acus,blenny Enedrias fangi,sand eel Ammodytes personatus;Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus and great pipefish Syngnathus acus were main typifying species in G2,Pacific chub mackerel Scomber japonicus,cardinal fish Apogonichthys lineatus,Amoya pflaumi and other migrate fish species were typifying species in G3.The analysis of similarities(ANOSIM) indicated that there were significant differences in species compositions among the three month-groups.The biota-environment matching(BIOENV) analysis showed that bottom water temperature was the main environmental factor that determined the temporal pattern of fish assemblage in Jiaozhou Bay.About 40 larval and juvenile fish species were found in Jiaozhou Bay,but they are mainly low-valued fish species.The results indicated that the capacity as a spawning and nursery ground has declined in Jiaozhou Bay.Some measures should be taken to conserve and restore the ecological environment and fishery resources in the region.


The paper is devoted to analytical investigation of the division of geographical space into urban and rural areas with application to Russia. Yegorov (2005, 2006, 2009) has suggested the role of population density on economics. A city has an attractive potential based on scale economies. The optimal city size depends on the balance between its attractive potential and the cost of living that can be proxied by equilibrium land rent and commuting cost. For moderate scale effects optimal population of a city depends negatively on transport costs that are related positively with energy price index. The optimal agricultural density of population can also be constructed. The larger is a land slot per peasant, the higher will be the output from one unit of his labour force applied to this slot. But at the same time, larger farm size results in increase of energy costs, related to land development, collecting the crop and bringing it to the market. In the last 10 years we have observed substantial rise of both food and energy prices at the world stock markets. However, the income of farmers did not grow as fast as food price index. This can shift optimal rural population density to lower level, causing migration to cities (and we observe this tendency globally). Any change in those prices results in suboptimality of existing spatial structures. If changes are slow, the optimal infrastructure can be adjusted by simple migration. If the shocks are high, adaptation may be impossible and shock will persist. This took place in early 1990es in the former USSR, where after transition to world price for oil in domestic markets existing spatial infrastructure became suboptimal and resulted in persistent crisis, leading to deterioration of both industry and agriculture. Russia is the largest country but this is also its problem. Having large resource endowment per capita, it is problematic to build sufficient infrastructure. Russia has too low population density and rural density declines further due to low fertility and migration to cities. Those factors limited the growth of the USSR, but after the economic reforms of 1990s the existing infrastructure became exposed to permanent shock of high transport costs. Due to large distances it is optimal to return to gasoline and thus transport subsidy. This will work also against disintegration of the country.


Setting minimum tax rates is a well discussed way of mitigating pressure from tax competition. This paper investigates which motives shape the support for a minimum corporate tax among politicians. We make use of a unique data base: a survey among members of the European parliament. Our results confirm that the politicians' ideology as well as individual characteristics such as educational background exert a major influence. Moreover, several predictions regarding national interests are derived from various standard tax competition models. These hypotheses are partly supported by the data; in particular, different national preferences towards social equality shape the support. A comparison with survey results from the German Bundestag reveals that German politicians on the national level do not show different attitudes towards tax rate harmonization.


In article the review of modern methods of the statistical analysis in medical and biologic researches is submitted. The basic definitions and the statistical procedures usually used at planning and the analysis of the medical and biologic data with the help of program STATISTICA are resulted. Opportunities and restrictions of statistical analysis methods, the basic mistakes arising on their incorrect application are shown. As an illustration original examples of the statistical analysis from practice of authors serve.


Abstract: Just as the Civil War splintered the United States, it also set into motion events putting Canada on the road to confederation. This research examines news coverage during April and May of 1861 in two influential Englishlanguage Canadian newspapers—Toronto's The Globe and Montreal's The Gazette—of U.S. events that The Globe often headlined "The American Revolution." In that coverage, five important themes expressing Canadian identity emerge that include Canada's British identity, antipathy toward Americanism and American democracy, fear of American militarism, sympathy for Americans, and Canadian liberal and conservative political threads.

Resume : Au moment meme ou elle divisait les Etats-Unis, la Guerre civile entrainait une suite d'evenements menant le Canada vers la Confederation. Cet article examine la couverture en avril et en mai 1861 effectuee par deux quotidiens canadiens de langue anglaise—The Globe a Toronto et The Gazette a Montreal—d'evenements americains que le Globe appelait dans ses manchettes « La Revolution americaine ». Cinq themes importants exprimant l'identite canadienne ressortent dans ces reportages : l'identite britannique des Canadiens, une antipathie a l'egard de l'Americanisme et de la democratie americaine, la crainte du militarisme americain, de la sympathie pour les Americains et un interet politique au Canada pour le liberalisme et le conservatisme.


The paper deals with a study of four species of coniferous woods recorded for the first time from the Oldman Formation (Campanian) of southern Alberta. These are, Platyspiroxylon parenchimatosum of the Cupressaceae; Taxodioxylon cryptomerioides and T. multiseriatum of the Taxodiaceae; and Podocarpoxylon ajkaense of the Podocarpaceae. Of these, Platyspiroxylon parenchymatosum has affinities with Callitris, while Taxodioxylon cryptomerioides and Podocarpoxylon ajkaense show striking similarities to the wood structure of Cryptomeria and Podocarpus respectively.


Recently, the growth of social bookmark sites (e.g., del.icio.us) brings a new way to organize and share Web pages. Specially, the social bookmarking sites contain many bookmarks of users, and users, who bookmark Web pages, would frequently browse these pages in the future. Therefore, we argue that social bookmarking sites provide the readers' perspective and are able to take the perspective into consideration in ranking Web pages. In this paper, we propose two ranking algorithms, ExpertVoteRank and RecommendationPageRank, to reveal the diverse information of Web pages in the social bookmarking sites. The concept of both algorithms are based on the views of readers: ExpertVoteRank takes advantage of experts of readers, while RecommendationPageRank applies recommendations from crowds to Web pages. Note that we collected about 90 millions data. Experiments show that both algorithms have effectiveness to rank Web pages according to the viewpoint of users.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate if real stock returns are related to real GDP growth for the case of Sweden between 1980 and 2008. By using correlation tests, the paper presents evidenc ...


The article sums up the material about higher Heterocera and Ledidoptera of Buryatia. The author divided the region into districts, drew up a plan with borderlines of subregional faunas of Metaheterocera.


Soil macronutrients were studied on Alfisols with a 40-years old experiment at All India Co-ordinated Research Project for Dry land Agriculture (AICRPDA), Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, during kharif 2018. Results indicated that continuous application of chemical fertilizers and manures increased the micronutrient availability in soil and uptake by finger millet. Long term integrated nutrient management showed significant higher values of available N of 345.35 kg ha, P2O5 of 66.58 kg ha, K2O content of 136 kg ha, for soils in a treatment T5 FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF. Lower values were recorded for the control T1 where no fertilizer was added. Similar trend of results were reported Nutrient content and nutrient uptake by finger millet for Application of FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF over a period of 40 years significantly increased the macronutrient content in soil and uptake by finger millet as against 100% NPK treatment and control.


The crystal structures of a pair isomers of [Co(3,3 tri)(amp)Cl] (here 3,3 tri = N (3 Aminoprop yl) 1,3 propanediamine; amp=2 (Aminomethyl)pyridine) have been determined by single crystal X ray diffraction. They are the epimers with the only difference of the orientation of the Sec NH proton in 3,3 tri ligand. The crystals with the anti epimer (m1·CH3OH·H2O) are monoclinic, space group C2/c with eight molecules in a unit cell of dimensions a=30.401(5)?,b=8.0469(13)?,c=18.817(3)?,β=93.346(3)°,V=4595.3(12)?3,Dc=1.708g·cm-3,Z=8,F000=2416,R=0.0462,Rw=0.1304. The crystals of the syn epimer (m2·H2O) are triclinic, space group with two molecules in a unit cell of dimensions a=8.9752(12)?,b=9.8855(12)?,c=12.6886(16)?,α=89.228(3)°,β=76.447(2)°,γ=80.428(3)°,V=1078.8(2)nm3,Dc=1.721g·cm-3,Z=2,F000=568,R=0.0313,Rw=0.0929. The crystal parameters, such as bond lengths and angles, are well consistent with the data of an ab initio computational result (RHF/LANL2DZ optimised structure). The average error for bond length is about 1.6%, only two of them in the isomer m3 (Co N2 and Co N4) are over 3%, (3.09% and 4.28% respectively). The errormax for bond angle is 2.52%, the bond angles with an over 2% error are only 3.6% out of all bond angles.


Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive drug that is approved and currently used primarily for the prophylaxis of liver, heart and kidney allograft rejection. Recently, oral tacrolimus 1.5–3 mg/day has been approved in Japan and Canada for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients who respond insufficiently to other therapies. Tacrolimus potently inhibits calcineurin and, consequently, T-cell activation and proliferation with a mechanism similar to that of cyclosporine. Clinical studies of the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus as monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate have shown it to be less effective than many of the biologics, but similar to cyclosporine for symptomatic relief. Unlike the biologics and other immunosuppressants, it has not been shown to retard progression of joint damage on x-ray. However, clinical response, when it does occur, can be robust and appears to be maintained for at least 18 months. Longer-term safety and efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis have not been studied. In...


Despite the growing interest to IJVs, our understanding of board of directors in joint ventures is still limited. Recent corporate governance research suggests boards need to manage the paradox of control and collaboration. We extend this literature to the context of IJVs, and argue the tension between board control and collaboration also reflects a fundamental tension inherent in IJVs. We expect that these two functions may not be equally important across all joint ventures, and identify a set of organizational factors that might make board control or board collaboration more appropriate. Empirical analysis of primary data on IJV boards suggests asset specificity and knowledge-based assets lead to both board control and board collaboration. Board control also increases in acquisitive IJVs, while board collaboration increases when partners are culturally similar.


Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a theory that suggests a modification in Newtonian dynamics. It is an empirically motivated modification of Newtonian gravity without the need of dark matter. This theory is well fitted by explaining why the velocity of galaxies or stars are in linear and in flat curve. More than 84 galaxies are in a well fitting with MOND, and all fits of these galaxies can be found.


When one changes direction or turns the head while walking, the optic flow projected at the retina is a complex pattern that consists of a translational and a rotational flow. It is not clear whether the perception of rotational vs. translational components can be extracted from the retinal flow alone or whether extra-retinal cues such as vestibular and eye/neck proprioceptive information are required. We hypothesized that active head turns, which provide an alteration in rotational optic flow and extra-retinal cues, will induce little or no change in heading direction and body segment orientation while walking, as compared to visually simulated head turns that do not provide extra-retinal cues. Nine healthy young subjects were evaluated while walking overground and viewing a large virtual room in a head-mounted display. Subjects were instructed to walk straight in the physical world while being exposed to three conditions: (1) an active head turn; (2) a visually simulated head turn; and (3) a visually simulated head turn with no target element. All three conditions had identical retinal flow, so that when the subject reached 5m of forward walking, the rotation was either at 40deg to the right or left, or at 0deg. With the visually simulated head turn, however, no extra-retinal information was present. A 10-camera Vicon system was used to acquire horizontal orientations of the head, thorax, pelvis and foot segments, as well as the computed 3D trajectories of the bodypsilas center of mass (CoM). Heading direction and body segment orientations differed between right vs. left locations of focus of expansion for the simulated head turn conditions, but not for the active head turn condition, suggesting that extra-retinal information plays a role in the control of heading direction, in addition to optic flow changes induced by virtual reality. The small amplitude of the changes observed with the simulated head turn conditions suggests that the CNS has the ability to re-weight relevant sources of information in the presence of sensory conflicts.


The utility model relates to a bulb through-flow turbine used for a micro waterhead power station. The bulb through-flow turbine comprises a water inlet pipe, a bulb section, a runner chamber and an exhaust water pipe, wherein the bulb section is internally provided with a bulb body which is supported by fixing supports and is connected with a main shaft of a water turbine in the runner chamber, and the main shaft is connected with a runner consisting of a hub, a runner cone and blades which are uniformly distributed on the hub along the circumference direction. The bulb through-flow turbine is characterized in that the inlet of the water inlet pipe is in a three surface expanding type, the ratio of the diameter D0 of the bulb body to the diameter D1 of the runner, i.e. bulb ratio, is 0.58-0.65, and the fixing supports are symmetric supports or asymmetric supports. The bulb through-flow turbine can effectively utilize micro waterhead water power resources in the height of 0.6-2.5m, has the advantages of high water power conversion efficiency, and low construction cost and equipment cost, and is suitable for developing and utilizing micro waterhead water power resources under various natural environments.


Paul Hirst's work on the nature of knowledge and its significance for education is still important, in at least two respects. One is the defence he offers of a distinctively liberal education: this is widely acknowledged, but its importance in our own time deserves greater recognition. The other, which is less often noticed, is Hirst's avoidance of the widespread tendency to think of science as the model that all knowledge should attempt to emulate. This tendency, which in its extreme form is called scientism, represents less respect for science—which of course science deserves—than veneration of it. Wider discussion here of the part that the idea of knowledge plays in educational thinking today touches on recent work on virtue epistemology, the importance but complexity of the ideas of truth and reason, the curious rise of 'powerful knowledge', and recent work on the importance of philosophy in its ancient role of orienting us to reality as the home of thinking: a theme anticipated in some of the late work of Paul Hirst.


The system of pipeline corrosion detection was beneficial for engineer to monitor the corrosion status of buried pipeline and save the maintenance cost. This thesis made thorough research to the related implementation method,which could solve the problems of graph display and history playback for real-time monitoring data.The method adopted the object oriented technology,special linked list data structure and algorithm.Practical running showed that the method could solve existing problems of system design and also improved the system development efficiency, maintainability and running efficiency.


Abstract : An intermediate range of theory and perception for forecasting conflict is characteristic of international relations. Method is weak or absent. A proposal 'issues' approach adapts the technique of argument to explain assumptions and to search for new and unexpected developments. A case study of international interdependence is followed by methodological conclusions. Several summary issues are offered in an Annex and an Appendix as illustrations of further uses of the suggested approach. (Author)


Most states are implementing statewide assessment programs that are being used for high-stakes purposes. Some of these assessments involve performance-based tasks that are assumed not only to serve as motivators for improving student achievement and learning, but also to encourage instructional strategies and techniques in the classroom that are more consistent with reform-oriented educational outcomes. Given these high expectations, more comprehensive and direct evidence for the consequences of the assessments needs to be gathered. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between (a) changes in the scores from the Maryland State Performance Assessment Program from 1993 to 1998 and (b) classroom instruction and assessment practices, student learning and motivation, students' and teachers' beliefs about and attitudes toward the assessment, and a school characteristic. Several factors from each of these dimensions were found to explain a significant amount of variability in school performance over time using growth models.


Two patients with the pseudothalidomide syndrome are briefly described. The variation in their intelligence and their length of survival is noted.


We intend to build a 65 cm diameter spherical, cryogenic gravitational wave antenna made of the CuAl(6%) alloy with a mass of 1168 Kg, a resonance frequency of 3.7 kHz and a bandwidth around 300 Hz. The quantum-limited strain sensitivity δL/L would be 2.2×10−21 at 10 mK. We believe that a sensitivity around 5×10−20 could be reached within the duration of the project, which is (at that frequency) comparable to that of the large interferometers LIGO and VIRGO presently being built. The sources we are aiming at are for instance non-axisymmetric dynamical instabilities of rotating neutron stars within our galaxy, where 108 neutron stars are expected to exist.


Observer Under Uncertainty. M.S. in Engineering, Computer and Information Science, August 1989 (GPA 4.0). School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania. P.E. Licensed Professional Electrical Engineer, State of Utah, since February 1994. CMfgE Certified Manufacturing Engineer, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, since January 1997. C.R.E. Certified Reliability Engineer, American Society of Quality Control, since October 1996. C.M. Certified Professional Manager, Institute of Certified Professional Managers, James Madison University, since May 1996. B.Sc. in Engineering, with Honors, Computer Science and Automatic Control, June 1988, School of Engineering, Alexandria University. General Certificate of Education, 5 Advanced and 8 Ordinary Level Subjects, With Distinction, University of London, England, January 1983 June 1985. Attended Victoria College, Alexandria, from 1977 1983.


David Lodge's novel Nice Work deals with two disparate worlds and cultures: the industrial and the academic. In observance of the officially proclaimed Industrial Year of 1986, Lodge brings the two worlds of industry and academia together via a government initiative to have a head-ofindustry shadow a university lecturer, and vice versa. Lodge dramatizes the dialectical structure of the novel through the respective worlds of Vic Wilcox and Robyn Penrose and posits how these two self contained worlds approximate one another and thereby illumine and influence each other. Modelled on the ―Condition of England Novels‖ of the nineteenth century, Nice Workgives a realistic account of Thatcherite England of the 1980s.


Existing solar technology can convert only limited bandwidth of solar rays into electricity due to the Shockley-Queisser limit of the solar diodes. Rest get wasted by heating up the solar array or reflected back. This proposed method increases this bandwidth range significantly. Thus produces high yield of electricity. Thin organic solar panel sheet is coated for reflecting non-absorbed bandwidth of sun rays. This sheet can be bend into concave shape with different focal radius. By using solar cell mirror made of this panel with MPPT, a solar farm can be made that converts some of the solar energy into electricity and reflects rest of the solar bandwidth into one single focus location where a series of lenses and prisms are located. These series of lenses converts the incoming bandwidth of rays into tightly focus collimated Gaussian beam which goes through two heterogeneous or multimode circular prisms in a close loop waveguide for ring lasing pulse generation. These prisms have layers of different refrac...


Myocardial protective strategies during cardiac surgery continue to improve yet they remain imperfect. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are considered to be at greater risk of myocardial injury post cardiac surgery. Perhexiline is an anti-anginal agent known to modulate myocardial metabolism towards a more efficient glucose metabolic pathway. This metabolic modulation may improve myocardial protection.
In this thesis I present a multi-centre double-blind randomised placebo controlled trial evaluating the role of perhexiline as an adjunct to standard myocardial protection in patients with LVH secondary to aortic stenosis undergoing an aortic valve replacement. Perhexiline does not augment myocardial protection. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy based energetic studies, echocardiographic and functional assessments in a homogenous patient cohort show no added benefit with perhexiline therapy in LVH. Therefore perhexiline should be limited to those patients refractory to maximum medical therapy.
Metabolomic assessment of LVH has shown no change in the metabolomic profile within the myocardium. However any changes that do exist may be subtle. In LVH there is an increased activity of some innate cardioprotective mechanistic pathways in patients that do not sustain a low cardiac output episode post cardiac surgery. Further examination of these cardioprotective regulators is warranted.


Objective To explore the diagnostic value of multi-slice(16-detector)CT angiography(MSCTA)in cerebrovascular diseases.Methods A total of 339 subjects underwent 16-detector spiral CT angiography,volume rendering(VR),multiplanar reconstruction(MPR) and maximum intensity projection(MIP) were used to display cerebral vessels.Of the total,45 subjects with intracranial aneurysm,22 with arteriovenous malformation,4 with moyamoya disease and 18 with vascular stenosis subsequently underwent digital subtraction angiography(DSA) or surgery.Results As a result of CT aniography(CTA) 83 subjects were diagnosed as intracranial aneurysm,22 as arteriovenous malformation cerebral,2 as venous aneurysm,3 as intracranial cavernous hemangioma,3 as arteriovenous fistula of cavernous sinus,3 as moyamoya disease,1 as moyamoya disease plus aneurysm,22 as vascular stenosis,obstruction or spasm,and 32 as congenital malformation.The other 186 subjects did not have abnormal findings.Moreover,CTA was in accordance with DSA or surgery in demonstrating intracranial aneurysm in 45,arteriovenous malformation in 22,moyamoya disease in 4 and vascular stenosis in 18 patients.Conclusion MSCTA is a valuable tool for diagnosing cerebrovascular diseases.It is a minimally invasive technique that discloses diseases quickly with high safety and accuracy.Thus,it can be used as the first choice for screening of cerebrovascular diseases.


Abstract We have simulated near-infrared spectra of the emission from Venus' nightside with a radiative transfer program that allows for emission, absorption, and scattering by atmospheric gases and particles. Except for an O 2 airglow emission band near 1.27 μm, the emission is produced in the hot, lower atmosphere of Venus. Its intensity at the top of the atmosphere is substantially decreased by scattering and absorption within the main clouds and is concentrated within spectral "window" regions where the lower atmosphere is most transparent. The twin goals of this paper are to assess the adequacy of current gas databases for simulating Venus' nightside near-IR spectra and, within these limitations, to derive information on gas abundances below the main clouds and the optical thickness of the main clouds. We used the moderate resolution spectra of Crisp et al . (1991) for both these objectives and the very high resolution spectra of Bezard et al . (1990) for the first. The HITRAN database for the permitted transitions of CO 2 is found to be totally inadequate for simulating the near-infrared emission from Venus' nightside. However, much improved simulations can be made when Wattson's high-temperature ("high-T") database of CO 2 is used instead. A major weakness of the current gas databases is the lack of accurate information on CO 2 and H 2 O continuum opacity. Even bright spots on the nightside have substantial cloud-scattering optical depths. We derive cloud optical depths of about 25 at a reference wavelength of 0.63 μm by fitting spectra of three different spots. We find that the H 2 O mixing ratio has a constant value of 30 ± 10 ppm in the altitude range from 10 to 40 km. We also infer mixing ratios for SO 2 of 180 ± 70 ppm at 42 km, HCl of 0.48 ± 0.12 ppm at 23.5 km, HF of 1-5 ppb at 33.5 km, and upper limits on the mixing ratio of CH 4 of 0.1 ppm at 30 km and 2 ppm at 24 km. We show that it is possible to infer both the mixing ratios of some gas species and their vertical gradients at the centroid of emission in a given spectral window. In particular, we find that OCS has a mixing ratio, α, of 4.4 ± 1.0 ppm and a gradient, d α/ dz , of -1.58 ± 0.30 ppm/km at an altitude of 33 km; i.e., the OCS mixing ratio strongly increases with decreasing altitude. In addition, we find that the corresponding values for CO are 23 ± 5 ppm and + 1.20 ± 0.45 ppm/km at an altitude of 36 km. Therefore, within a factor of 2 CO is decreasing toward the surface at the same rate as that at which OCS is increasing. These results are in good agreement with theories of lithospheric buffering and gas thermodynamic equilibrium at the surface that predict a substantial abundance of OCS (several 10s of ppm) at the surface due to reactions in which CO is one of the reactants.


OBJECTIVE To study the possibility of applying Anerdian skin disinfectant for blood donor skin disinfection. METHODS Put Anerdian at 21℃,35℃ and 42℃ to exposure in air for 24h,48h and 72 h,detect the volatilization volume,effective iodine and appearance of disinfectant,and evaluate its effect on blood donor elbow by culture method. RESULTS At 21℃ exposure for 24 h the volatilization rate for Anerdian was 5%,effective iodine was 0.215%.At 35℃ and 42℃ exposure for 24 h its volatilization rate was more than 5%,and effective iodine was within the range of 0.18-0.22%.The average killing logarithm value of elbow skin natural bacteria in 30 donors was over 1. CONCLUSIONS Anerdian disinfectant is suitable for blood donor predonation skin treatment.


Convolutional Neural Network- (CNN-) based land cover classification algorithms have recently been applied in hyperspectral images (HSI) field. However, the large-scale training parameters bring huge computation burden to CNN and the spatial variability of spectral signatures leads to relative low classification accuracy. In this paper, we propose a CNN-based classification framework that extracts square matrix representation-based spectral-spatial features and performs land cover classification. Numerical results on popular datasets show that our framework outperforms sparsity-based approaches like basic thresholding classifier-weighted least squares (BTC-WLS) and other deep learning-based methods in terms of both classification accuracy and computational cost.


The author studies the second, third and fourth cumulants of the distribution of the number of energy levels in an interval containing levels on an average. The distribution function, which also depends on the distance N (measured in units of average level spacings) above the ground state, can be obtained either from the exact quantum levels or from the semiclassical approximation to the level density. Either of the two methods yields the same values for the cumulants. In two limits the cumulants have been obtained analytically. First, for small the functional dependence of the cumulants is obtained using generalisations of Berry's semiclassical sum rule for the two-point function. One finds that in this limit the first four cumulants are equal to the average number of levels in the interval. Second, larger values of the functional dependence can be obtained by taking into account only the slowly oscillating contributions to the cumulants of the semiclassical level density. For the second cumulant he obtains an analytical expression when >>1.


The rise of the left across Latin America is one of the most striking electoral events to occur in new democracies during the last decade. Current work argues either that the left's electoral success stems from a thoroughgoing rejection of free-market policies by voters or that electorates have sought to punish poorly performing right-wing incumbents. Whether the new left has a policy or performance mandate has implications for the type of policies it may pursue in power and the voting behavior of Latin American electorates. Using a new measure of voter ideology called vote-revealed leftism (vrl ) and a time-series cross-sectional analysis of aggregate public opinion indicators generated from mass surveys of eighteen countries over thirteen years, the authors show that the left has a clear economic policy mandate but that this mandate is much more moderate than many observers might expect. In contrast to the generalized view that new democracies are of low quality, the authors reach the more optimistic conclusion that wellreasoned voting on economic policy issues and electoral mandates are now relevant features of politics in Latin America.


The first part of the paper uses various summary measures to describe the challenges for government finances associated with population ageing. The resulting figures and tables are very enlightening and give a vivid illustration of the changes we face. I also like the idea of putting these summary measures into a simple model so as to simulate the consequences of alternative "what if" scenarios. At the same time, I think that the simulations are based on some rather special assumptions and omit some important adjustment mechanisms. There is no doubt that the ageing population represents a serious challenge for government finances, but I suspect that the problem is somewhat exaggerated in this simulation. The main results are that i) income taxes will need to increase very much—from 38 to 52 per cent—if benefits per effective beneficiary are to be held constant, ii) these high taxes will have a strong negative effect on capital accumulation, and iii) consumption per effective consumer will fall substantially. The basic mechanism is that when the ratio of effective workers relative to effective beneficiaries falls, taxes must be increased if public sector benefits per effective beneficiary are to be held constant. Tax increases raise the required return on capital and reduce investment, so that capital per worker falls, which reduces production per worker and creates a need for further tax increases. One important assumption in the simulation is that benefits per effective beneficiary (g) are held constant. As far as I understand, this means that public sector benefits are assumed to grow with population and with technological improvements although the effective number of workers falls relative to the population. This is a rather strong assumption. If there is a slowdown of total output growth because of population ageing, it will seem reasonable that the burden is shared and hence public sector benefits are adjusted to that. It might


The paper deals with the Bayesian prediction intervals for generalized order statistics (GOS) based on a certain class of exponential-type distributions. This class of distributions includes several important distributions such as Weibull, Burr-XII and Pareto distributions. A general class of prior density functions is used and the predictive reliability function is obtained in the one sample case. The investigation of multiply type-II censored GOS samples generalizes results of ordinary order statistics (OS), sequential order statistics (SOS) and censored GOS. The special case of Pareto distributed observations is considered and completed with numerical results.


Stochastic stability problems of a stochastic switched SIRS model with or without distributed time delay are considered. By utilizing the Lyapunov methods, sufficient stability conditions of the disease‐free equilibrium are established. Stability conditions about the subsystem of the stochastic switched SIRS systems are also obtained.


The recreational waters near many large cities in the United States and Canada are severely impaired by pathogens that are present in the storm water runoff. In separated sewers the pathogen sources may be cross-flows between the sanitary and storm water systems. This paper presents the methodology that was used in developing a forecasting model for pathogen indicators for recreational sites in the receiving waters of multiple storm water outfalls. The objective of the model is to give a timelier indicator of beach water quality than conventional beach monitoring, which takes about 2 d for laboratory results. The model used for the study was based on the Princeton Ocean Model. The forecasting system consists of nested hydrodynamic models and a bacteria fate–transport submodel. Calibration and validation is based on 6 years of field studies, laboratory analyses, and experiments. The methodology is illustrated by a case study of the impact of storm water flows on the south shore of Lake Pontchartrain, Louis...


DURINGTHE LAST DECADE students of Canadian labour history have benefited from a proliferation of working-class memoirs and oral biographies. In the main, this genre has been concerned with worker activists whose political commitments have featured at least as prominently as their working lives. ' Alfred Edwards' The Mill' is written from the perspective of a left-leaning but politically unaligned rank-andfile worker. Its focus is the workplace and the craft of silk knitting as practised in the fully-fashioned hosiery mills of southern Ontario. Although The Mill' cannot be considered representative or typical (since the very act of producing a workingclass memoir marks out the producer as an "uncommon common man"), it provides


In all phases of medicine, the physician must be alert to the basic fact that human beings are endowed with a variable emotional complex which is an integral part of their physiologic functioning. This complex accounts for much of the patient's reaction to the physician, modified by such factors as sensitivity and vulnerability. Thus it must be kept in mind that human relationships are important in every aspect of medicine. The physician is constantly involved in personal relationships. Therefore it is essential that he know himself, so that he may understand his patients instead of merely reacting to them. This article is not intended to make a psychologist of the active practicing physician. It is presented in the hope that it will increase his understanding of the patient as a human being, thereby extending the range of his usefulness to the patient and adding to his own satisfactions. The physician should have an inkling of the motivating forces that prompt patients to behave the way they do. The real objective is to give the physician an insight into the vagaries of human behavior; once the physician knows why patients act and react the way they do, then the chances of an ideal doctorpatient relationship will be enhanced.


The statistical mechanical basis of the significant structure theory was compared and discussed with the improved Onno's approximation in the cell theory.


A novel horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna is here presented, exhibiting broad-band behavior as well as low profile and weight. Printed circuit technology is chosen in the design process in order to reduce the overall final production cost, moreover, the use of external lumped-element matching networks has been avoided to keep the antenna as simple and environmentally robust as possible. In the following, the design guidelines will be given as well as the numerical results obtained through full wave simulations performed by CST Studio Suite 2013 [1] and Ansoft HFSS [2]. The present radiating element is aimed at those systems requiring both an omnidirectional horizontally polarized pattern as well as a small volume occupation such as UAV (Unmanned Aero Vehicles).