In this study we analyze texts used in Russian Unified State Exam on English language. Texts that formed small research corpora were retrieved from 2 resources: official USE database as a reference point, and popular website used by pupils for USE training "Neznaika" (https://neznaika.pro/). The size of two corpora is balanced: USE has 11934 tokens and "Neznaika" - 11918 tokens. We share Biber's point of view that linguistic tendencies are quite stable with ten text samples per genre or register (Biber 2007). We retrieved 20 texts from each resource. This research takes into consideration analysis on syntactic complexity, the main subject of research is the syntactic type of the sentence. The present study focuses on two research questions: RQ1: What sentence types pattern is typical for USE texts? RQ2: Are the materials of the training sites reliable and valid? The methods employed in the study are the identification and manual counting of the sentence types, absolute and normalized frequency calculation. While analyzing the texts, we witnessed greater range of tokens per text (tpt) in unofficial texts for training. For "Neznaika" database the range was 490 - 790 (tpt), while an official USE database texts demonstrated lower variance: 539 – 686 tpt. The number of sentences in "Neznaika" (664) and official USE texts database (670) is almost equal. The number of sentence types in "Neznaika" and official USE texts database also does not extend correlation limits.


Chapter 1 includes information regarding designing curriculum for undergraduate classes including consideration of objectives, repertoire, knowledge, and skills. The chapter includes a focus on learner-centered pedagogy and avoiding the transmission model of teaching. Readers are encouraged to consider pedagogical content knowledge and courses within the curriculum at large. Attention to policy stakeholders such as certification bodies is discussed and an undergraduate student vignette is at the center of the chapter. Much of the chapter provides information regarding understanding the various cultures at different music schools. Sample degree outlines for music degrees are included, as is a checklist for early course decisions.


Esophageal disruption by foreign bodies is often life-threatening, and emergency surgery may be necessary. Staged reconstruction is 1 of the choices of treatment following the acute stage. The advantages of colon interposition include lower reflux incidence, nearly unlimited conduit length, and preservation of gastric reservoir functions. Late complications, including anastomotic stricture, redundancy on the skin flap, and reflux, are well documented. Spontaneous colic arterial hemorrhage causing mesocolonic hematoma has been reported, but is extremely exceptional. We report a 50-year-old male who developed mediastinal hematoma caused by hemorrhage from a small interposed branch of the colic artery 17 years after colon interposition treatment for esophageal perforation.


It is important to detect social spammers and spam messages in microblogging platforms. Existing methods usually handle the detection of social spammers and spam messages as two separate tasks using supervised learning techniques. However, labeled samples are usually scarce and manual annotation is expensive. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised collaborative learning approach to jointly detect social spammers and spam messages in microblogging platforms. In our approach, the social spammer classifier and spam message classifier are collaboratively trained by exploiting the inherent relatedness between these tasks. In addition, unlabeled samples are incorporated into model training with the help of social contexts of users and messages. Experiments on real-world dataset show our approach can effectively improve the performance of both social spammer detection and spam message detection.


The objective of this thesis was to study the validity of self-reported medical care utilization. Hospitalization and physician visit data for a twelve month recall period were obtained from both an interview and official records. The self-reported information was collected by a telephone survey applied to all adults over 20 years of age in a probabilistic sample of households in metropolitan St. John's (3,300 subjects, 85% response rate). Verification data were later obtained for 2,994 subjects (91%) from the provincial hospitalization database and health insurance plan. -- The utilization data were used to categorize the subjects into those in agreement, the underreporters and the overreporters. A variable denoting level of accuracy was derived. Socio-demographic variables (sex, age and education) and health status variables (self-assessed health status, number of chronic conditions, satisfaction with physical health, and emotional status) were used in a descriptive analysis to compare those in agreement, the under- and overreporters. -- Logistic regression was utilized to investigate the probabilities of being in disagreement on utilization and to compare those who were accurate in self-recall with those who were not. -- The analyses showed that most subjects (97.3%) were in agreement on hospitalizations in the recall period whereas 84.1% agreed on physician visits. The observed rates of overreporting were 16.2% for hospitalizations and 9.7% for physicians, and for underreporting, 7.3% for hospitalizations and 10.0% for physicians. -- For hospitalizations, 1) subjects in disagreement had, usually, less education and more chronic conditions than those in agreement, 2) underreporters tended to be older than either overreporters or those in agreement, and 3) the less accurate at reporting were generally more likely to report several chronic conditions, fewer years of education, lower emotional and self-assessed health status and were older. -- For physician visits, 1) subjects found to be in disagreement were in general male, had better emotional and self-assessed health status, and reported fewer chronic conditions, 2) underreporters tended towards higher self-assessed health status, lower education and fewer chronic conditions than those in agreement, and 3) those more prone to be inaccurate in reporting the number of visits were generally female, had lower self-assessed health status, were less educated and had more chronic conditions.


Mandatory arbitration clauses are now included in almost every contract that a consumer signs with a large corporation, such as banks, insurance companies, and cable and internet providers. Because these clauses are typically hidden in the fine print, consumers may have a limited understanding of these clauses, and under current law, consumers also have little recourse to fight mandatory arbitration clauses. As a result of these factors, little is known about consumers' demand for services and products without such clauses. This project will be among the first to examine consumers' understanding of mandatory arbitration, provide estimates of consumers' willingness to pay for contracts without mandatory arbitration, and correlate how the provision of information changes consumers' willingness to pay for contracts without mandatory arbitration.


— Enstatite meteorites are highly reduced rocks that consist of major, nearly FeO-free enstatite, variable amounts of metallic Fe, Ni and troilite, and a host of rare minerals formed under highly-reducing conditions. They are comprised of the EH and EL chondrites and the aubrites. Here I discuss some of their properties and the nature and number of their parent bodies. Conclusions: 1. EH and EL chondrites show bulk compositional differences in non-volatile major elements that were established by nebular, not planetary processes. Occurrence of abundant breccias among them but lack of clasts of EL in EH chondrites (and vice versa) suggests that EH and EL chondrites represent two separate parent bodies. 2. Aubrites were not derived from known enstatite chondrites on the same parent bodies. Aubrites represent samples from a third enstatite meteorite parent body. 3. The aubrite parent body may have experienced collisional break-up and gravitational reassembly of the debris into a rubble-pile object. 4. The aubrite source material (parent body) was probably enstatite chondrite-like in composition, but had a higher troilite/metallic Fe, Ni ratio, higher contents of titanium and diopside, and possibly less plagioclase than known enstatite chondrites. 5. Shallowater, the only non-brecciated aubrite, does not appear to have formed on the EH, EL, or aubrite parent bodies by either internal (igneous) or external (impact) melting processes. Instead, Shallowater may be a sample from yet a fourth enstatite meteorite parent body. 6. Shallowater experienced a complex three-stage cooling history, requiring an equally complex mode of origin: collisional break-up of a molten or partly molten body by impact with a solid body, followed by gravitational reassembly. 7. It is unknown why some enstatite meteorite parent bodies melted (the aubrite and Shallowater bodies), and others did not (the EH and EL bodies). If unipolar dynamo induction by a primordial T Tauri sun was the dominant heat source that heated asteroidal-sized bodies in the early Solar System, then the aubrite and Shallowater parent bodies may have melted because they were of intermediate sizes, whereas the EH and EL bodies did not melt because they were either much smaller or much larger.


This article used scripted play as a language intervention strategy to increase the mean length of utterance (MLU) for three young children with disabilities. The findings of this study show that the MLU for all three children increased when scripted play was used. All the children also further increased their MLU during post intervention.


An enhanced original computer program is applied to explain in detail the current-voltage characteristics of n-on-p long wavelength infrared HgCdTe photodiodes. The computer program solves the system of nonlinear continuity equations for carriers and Poisson equations. In the model ideal diode diffusion, generation-recombination, band-to-band tunneling, trap-assisted tunneling, and impact ionization are included as potential limiting mechanisms in the photodiodes. It is a clearly explained influence of Hg-vacancy doping and extrinsic doping of an active device region on dark current-voltage characteristics and an R0A product of HgCdTe photodiodes in a wide region of temperature and wavelengths. Special attention is directed to the dependence of tunneling probability on the shape of potential barrier with in an depletion region. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental data of high quantity photodiodes published in the available literature.


A review of the biology and host plant records for three of the eleven described species of the genus Pseudanilara Thery, 1911 is provided here.


The purpose of this study is that in order to verify the effects of 12 weeks aquatic rehabilitation exercise on children with cerebral palsy in terms of body composition & physical fitness and vital capacity. We try to as certain the change of effects by the periods of pre-exercise and 12 weeks after aquatic rehabilitation exercise program on selected twelve children with cerebral palsy. The testee children were selected twelve children from "S" Community Rehabilitation Center among severely-handicapped with cerebral palsy who have been primarily examined by rehabilitation specialist doctors in the range of 7 to 11 years of age and they have gone through aquatic rehabilitation exercise 12 weeks(60 minutes/day, 3 times/week). The exercises were performed at the severity of RPE 12-16(50~80% VO2 max). They were measured in terms of body composition factors, physical fitness factors and vital capacity between pre-exercise and 12 weeks after exercise, and the following was analysis results of differences (correspondence sample t-test). Variants of body composition, as compared between pre-exercise and 12 weeks after exercise, fat mass, was significantly increased(p < .05), but abdominal fat ratio showed a tendency to decrease. lean body mass, basal metabolic rate and body mass index showed tend upward.. Also, variants of physical fitness, there were statistically significant changes of muscle strength(p < .01) muscular endurance(p < .05), balance (p < .05), flexibility(p < .05) and agility(p < .05). And n vital capacity showed statistically significant change(p<.01). In conclusion, 12 weeks aquatic rehabilitation exercises performed under this study are known to show positive effects on body fat mass of body composition, physical fitness and vital capacity of children with cerebral palsy and therefore it has been verified that rehabilitative exercise program in water, not on land is effective in increasing the capability of physical activity of children with cerebral palsy.


Connection of flat polynomials with some spectral questions in ergodic theory is discussed. A necessary condition for a sequence of polynomials of the type $\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} \big(1 +\sum_{j=1}^{N-1} z^{n_j}\big)$
to be flat in almost everywhere sense is given, which contrasts with a similar necessary condition for a sequence of polynomials to be ultraflat. This connects the problem of existence of flat sequence (in. a.e. sense) of such polynomials with some problems in combinatorial number theory. This is a revised version of the earlier paper with the same title.


Chainsaw: The Notorious Career of Al Dunlap in the Era of Profit-at-Any-Price John A. Byrne New York, N.Y.: HarperBusiness, 1999 400 pages; $26.00


Darier's disease is comparatively rare. Darier's disease with malignant transformation is extremely rare. Only one case of such degeneration is reported in the literature, that of Wende, recorded in 1908. 1 The disease was first described by Morrow, in 1886 2 as one of keratosis follicularis. The second case was reported under the same name by White in June 1889. 3 A month later, in July 1889, Darier 4 reported the third case and described a parasite of the order of Sporozoa, the so-called psorosperms, which he observed in the epidermis and which he regarded as the causative factor of this disease. When White 5 observed a fourth case of keratosis follicularis a year later he referred to the disorder in a subheading as psorospermose folliculaire vegetante. However, in the text he mentioned the uncertainty of the existence of the organism, a doubt as to


Abstract : Two Navistar 9.3L diesel engines were tested to a modified version of the NATO 400-hr test. Test modifications included using non-standard fuels (JP-8 and a JP-8/HRJ fuel blend) and elevated testing temperatures. Engine #1 was endurance tested on JP-8 fuel while engine #2 was endurance tested on JP-8/HRJ fuel blend. Both engines completed the 400 hour endurance schedule successfully. In addition, the data for both engines shows that there is a small decrease in engine power output from JP-8 to JP-8/HRJ blended fuel proportionate with decreasing fuel volumetric energy.


MILLERET, MARGO. Latin American Women On/In Stages. Albany: SUNY P, 2004. x + 263 pages.The evolving role of female dramatists in the theater of Latin America is a topic that has sparked a great deal of critical interest in recent years, as increasing numbers of women-authored plays are staged and published. Margo Milleret's Latin American Women On/In Stages offers a thoughtful examination of the wide range of plays written by eighteen women born between 1940-1960, representing seven Latin American countries. The twenty-four dramas-from Argentina, Mexico, Brazil, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Chile, and Puerto Rico-are written by women working in Latin America's cities, the principal sites of each nation's publishing houses and theaters. Many of these playwrights have participated in various aspects of the theater, including acting and directing, as well as writing scripts for telenovelas and working with children's theater.In its treatment of twenty-four different dramas by eighteen playwrights, Latin American Women On/In Stages gives a representative sampling of the rich tapestry of women-authored dramatic texts created since the late 19605. Milleret has organized her study into chapters examining three central themes, each of which reflects distinct stages of women's lives: male-female relations (youth), motherdaughter relations (the child-bearing years), and aging (middle age and postmenopause). Her analyses are informed by a variety of theoretical approaches to the theater, gender, and aging.Chapter 1, "Reclaiming the Home," focuses on romance and marriage and on the ways in which traditional, patriarchal approaches to conjugal power relationships have been undercut by seven dramaturgas who explore gender construction and identity formation within the domestic space. Milleret divides the eight playtexts discussed in this chapter (Ana Istaru's El vuelo de la grulla, Ines Margarita Stranger's Carino malo, Consuelo de Castro's A prova de fogo, Leilah Assuncao's Boca molhada de paixao calada and Roda cor de roda, Estela Lenero's Casa llena, Sabina Berman's Uno/El bigote, and Thais Erminy's Whiskey & Cocaina) into three sections: romantic love, sexual politics, and gender bending. Her analyses are guided by social science research on women and the family in Latin America, as well as on gendered approaches to theatrical space.Chapter 2, "Questioning Motherhood," studies the connections between mothers and daughters in plays by Ana Istaru (Madre nuestra que estas en la tierra), Pilar Campesino (La partida), Rebecca Bowman (De compras), Maria Adelaide Amaral (Querida mamae), Isis Baiao (Marcadas pela culpa), Susana Torres Molina (Amantissima), Diana Raznovich (Casa matriz), and Thais Erminy (En un desvan olvidado). In these dramatic texts, the authors tend to deconstruct traditional paradigms of loving and supportive mothers and daughters, focusing instead on conflict and on the mother's role in perpetuating the societal subordination of their daughters. The eight plays are divided into two groups, based on the ages of the mothers and daughters in the texts and on the types of relationships examined: four treat younger mothers and daughters, underscoring controlling mothers who manipulate their daughters to "prepare" them for the life of a grown woman; the other four dramas explore older mothers and daughters, who are engaged in redefining their relationships. Milleret uses as her theoretical grounding two U.S. models from female developmental psychology, specifically, the work of Susan Suleiman and Carol Gilligan.The third chapter, "Staging Age and Sexuality," looks at the ways in which seven playwrights (Mariela Romero, Carlota Martinez, Lidia Rebrij, Leilah Assuncao, Isis Baiao, Teresa Marichal, and Gabriela Fiore) have grappled with the relationship between aging and desirability-specifically, the negative stereotypes associated with the loss of beauty-and with the possibility of creating new paradigms for the future. …


Objectives-To determine therelationship betweenbiochemical markersofbone metabolism andstatural growth, andtheir suitability assurrogatemarkersofinhaled corticosteroid inducedgrowthsuppression. Design-Randomised, doubleblind, placebocontrolled comparisonofinhaled beclomethasone dipropionate 200 sgtwice daily as drypowderforsixmonths. Setting-Southampton. Outcomemeasures-Serumosteocalcin, urinarydeoxypyridinoline, and statural growth. to 9 year oldchildren with recurrentwheeze. Results-There were no significant differences inserum osteocalcin betweenthe beclomethasone dipropionate andplacebo group measuredatbaseline or after three andsixmonths'treatment,whiledeoxypyridinoline was significantly higherin theplacebotreated children afterthree months.Growthwas significantly decreasedinthebeclomethasone dipropionategroup over thecourse ofthestudy. Growthover thesixmonths,bothinthose receiving beclomethasone dipropionate andthosereceivingplacebo, was significantly correlated withserum osteocalcin measuredat threemonths and six months. Conclusion-Although serum osteocalcin showsexcellent correlation withgrowth, it isa poor markerfordecreased growth associated withuse ofinhaled corticosteroids. (Arch DisChild 1996;74:497-501)


A breeding program for Sydney rock oysters Saccostrea glomerata (Gould, 1850) has been selecting oysters for resistance to QX disease (Marteilia sydneyi) and winter mortality (Bonamia roughleyi) for three generations at three sites in Georges River, New South Wales, Australia. The experimental sites are located at the upper, middle and lower reaches of oyster growing areas in the estuary. QX disease mainly occurs in the middle and upper reaches and is most severe at the latter. Winter mortality on the other hand occurs mainly at the lower and middle reaches and is most severe at the former. Progeny of third-generation Sydney rock oyster breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to both QX disease and winter mortality against a non-selected control. Line 1, selected for QX disease resistance at the upper estuary site, had excellent resistance to one season of exposure to disease, but suffered high mortality during the second season of exposure. However, these oysters had already reached market size of 50 g whole weight, with low mortality at 2 years of age, before the second episode of QX disease. Line 2 showed good improvement in resistance to both diseases, whereas Line 3, was the most resistant to winter mortality. Selection for resistance to QX disease did not appear to confer resistance to winter mortality and the converse also applied.


This article lays out a path for an institutional analysis of strategic interventions for collaboration. The analysis is informed by recent theorizing on structures and strategies for collaboration and by the insights of the new institutionalism found in recent work by organizational theorists. The article uses a framework of institutional propositions to guide an analysis of the strategic efforts to promote community collaborative effort to enhance the life chances of students, efforts that are evolving in one Canadian high school from the perspective of school leaders in the initiative. The article extends existing theoretical conceptions of school-community relations through analysis of the institutional effects of these strategic efforts at collaboration.


I was one of thirteen British fashion designers invited by English Heritage to respond with art installations rather than garments to the neo-classical architecture of Belsay Hall.

I chose to respond not to the grandeur of the building but to its hidden history, that of its former employees. My project explored how a designer can excavate traces from the past and use them in a creative format to pose questions about class and working people in pre-war Britain.

I started with the oral history archives of English Heritage, listening to interviews with Belsay's gardeners, huntsmen and domestic staff in the 1920s and '30s. I then created a two-room installation that consisted of thickly padded walls using 10 tonnes of fresh white laundry sourced from a London recycling centre so that the fabrics already had a past life and a patina of age. My use of recycled 'poor' fabrics underlined my focus on the lives of working people rather than the landed gentry.

I thus pin-pointed traces of history and the past through the material memories and evocative associations of old cloth. For the sound, I collaborated with the sound artist Scanner who mixed fragments of stories told by the original staff.


Tobacco smoking is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of several cardiopulmonary diseases, and smokers are susceptible to infectious agents. However, the progression of lung injury based on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity amongst smokers and those with pre-existing pulmonary diseases is not known. We determined the systemic expression and activity of COVID-19 related proteins, cytokine, chemokines, and lipid mediators (lipidomics) amongst COVID-19 patients with and without a history of smoking with a view to define biomarkers. We obtained serum from COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 recovered patients with and without a history of smoking. We conducted a Luminex multiplex assay (cytokine levels), LC-MS (eicosanoids or oxylipin panel) and enzymatic activity assays on the serum samples to study the systemic changes in COVID-19 patients. On comparing the cytokine profiles among COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative patients, we found a significant upregulation in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-2, VEGF and IL-10 in COVID-19 positive patients as compared to the respective controls. Interestingly, smoking history resulted in further augmentation of the release of some hyper-inflammatory cytokines, like IFN-gamma, Eotaxin, MCP-1 and IL-9 amongst COVID-19 positive patients. The enzymatic activity for ACE2, the binding partner for SARS-CoV2 virus in the host cell, was found to be significantly increased in the serum of patients with a smoking history compared to the serum collected from the non-smoking controls. Similarly to our cytokine analysis, our measurement of serum Furin levels was also affected by the patients smoking history, in which we reported a substantial rise in serum Furin levels of COVID-19 patients. The analysis of lipid mediators revealed a distinct signature amongst the COVID-19 positive versus recovered subjects in PGF2alpha, HETEs, LXA4 and LTB4 levels. However, we did not find any changes in the levels of any lipid mediators based on the smoking history of the patients. Overall, our results point towards distinct systemic signatures amongst COVID-19 positive patients. We also show that smoking adversely affects the systemic levels of inflammatory markers and COVID-19 related proteins, thus suggesting that COVID-19 infection may have severe outcomes amongst smokers which is reflected systemically.


This paper discusses input-dependent stability on torque servo system of robot hands. With an insufficient space to mount actuators inside the finger joints, a finger joint is normally actuated by a tendon-sheath driving system. Although this driving system enables us to construct a finger system with simple mechanism and large flexibility, friction and compliance existing in tendon-sheath driving system generally bring a nonlinear characteristic involving a hysteresis into the dependence of joint torque output from actuator displacement. While this transmission characteristic is close to the well-known backlash behaviour appearing for the gears system, the author newly found input-dependent characteristics existing in the backlash region of the transmission system through the precise experiments. Namely, the characteristic is that the tendon-sheath transmission system behaves as if there were virtual springs in the backlash region and the strength of virtual spring depending on the input. Furthermore, it was confirmed that there are close relationships between the input-dependent backlash characteristics and the input-dependent stability. Based on the experiments, the transmission characteristics are modelled in simple equations, and the system stability is explored by using the techniques of sinusoidal-input-describing-function (SIDF) . Resultantly, we obtained non-dimensional stability-criterion-maps explaining the experimental results successfully.


Objective:To observe the effect of Hujin Pill on fibrous hyperplasia and express of collagen Ⅳ in liver fibrosis rats.Methods:Model of liver fibrosis were induced by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 and treated with Hujin Pill.The changes of fibrous hyperplasia and express of collagen Ⅳ of the rats' liver were observed with Van Gieson stain and immunohistochemistry.Results:The fibrous hyperplasia of liver and the express of collagen Ⅳ in liver fibrosis rats' model had been markedly increased than that of control group.However,Hujin Pill could restrain fibrous hyperplasia and express of collagen Ⅳ in liver fibrosis rats.Conclusion:Hujin Pill was effective in treatment of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis.


Customers now find it difficult to choose the best gadget due to the quick spread of smartphones and the variety of models that are accessible. Machine learning algorithms have been used to estimate mobile phone pricing based on their characteristics in order to solve this problem. In this study, we investigate the use of different machine learning techniques, such as logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, and XGBoosting, to forecast the cost of mobile phones. Our main goal is to identify the most suitable machine learning model for this work and gain an understanding of the variables that affect the price range of mobile phones. The research's conclusions can help both makers and consumers make wise decisions about the features and costs of mobile phones. The study emphasized how crucial it is to choose datasets carefully in order to achieve a complete representation of mobile phone models with a range of features and costs. The study also sought to pinpoint the essential elements that significantly affect mobile phone prices through feature importance analysis. Essential metrics like accuracy score, F1-score, and classification reports were used to evaluate the machine learning models' effectiveness in forecasting the price range. Hyperparameter tuning methods like GridSearchCV were used to improve model performance. The research's overall goal was to offer useful information that would help producers and users alike make decisions about the costs and features of mobile phones.


The essentials of this paper were contained in a talk8 delivered by the author before a meeting of the American Astronomical Society at Wellesley College on September 12, 1940. Summwry.-The axial rotation of a component of a spectroscopic binary combines with its tidal distortion and with its darkening (both ordinary and gravitational) to influence the component's observed radial velocity. The amount of the contribution to the radial velocity is computed, for all stellar models. It is found that even when an orbit is really circular the contribution is usually such as to lead, when not allowed for, to a nonvanishing spectroscopic eccentricity and to a longitude of periastron of 900.


Challenging tasks are essential in developing and demonstrating mathematical understanding. They provide opportunities to learn and the motivation for student to engage with learning. This chapter highlights how the real-world and digital technologies provide many opportunities to design and implement challenging tasks for all learners. The affordances of technology-rich teaching and learning environments need more attention if teachers and their students are to be better enabled to maximise opportunities for learning mathematics. A range of tasks are presented and discussed. Planning by teachers for varied student responses is critical in enabling 'as needed' in-the-moment scaffolding to keep students engaged with mathematical thinking.


In this study medium density fiberboard (MDF) were manufactured from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), the world's worst aquatic weeds. The produced fiberboard showed better performance in case of physical and mechanical properties and satisfied ANSI, IS, AS/NZS standards. The thickness swelling and water absorption of the board were 48.41% and 71.03% respectively. Modulus of elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of rupture (MOR) of the board were 3135 MPa and 31.25 MPa respectively. It seemed that the water hyacinth fiberboard may be a cheap, durable and sustainable material that can substitute timber and also reveal a new path of wise utilization of these aggressive weeds simultaneously.


Abstract The shift lattice, introduced by Harburn, Tilley, Williams and Williams in 1993, is here generalized to more than one dimension and described in some detail for two dimensions. Applications to H-Nb2O5-related block structures and to alloy two-dimensional antiphase domain structures (with particular reference to copper-palladium) are discussed for real and reciprocal spaces.


Objective:Suvey the curative effect of anisodamine combined with semecta in treating infant virulence enteristises Methods:Applied Anisodamine intravenous injection to treatment group and Smecta was taken at the same time,contrast group only took smecta,and then compared the two groups about the curative effects Results:Treatment group and contrast group showed a significant differences in curing days (t=3 67, P 0 01) Conclusion:With anisodamine combined with smecta in treating infant virulence enteritises,the couse of treatment is shorter than that with the simple smecta The effect on stopping diarrhea is better than that with the simple smecta and has no serious side effects


This work concerns the development of iterative algorithms for the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Poisson equation. We accelerate the process proposed by Kozlov et al. [V.A. Kozlov, V.G. Maz'ya and A.V. Fomin (1991). An iterative method for solving the Cauchy problem for elliptic equations. Comput. Maths. Phys. , 31 (1), 45-52.] by making use of a relaxation of the Dirichlet data. We provide theoretical justification of the convergence of the new algorithm, and present some results of numerical experiments with the method.


To date the therapy for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with severe side effects, frustrating outcomes, and does not consider different tumor characteristics. The RNA‐interference (RNAi) pathway represents a potential new approach to treat NSCLC. With small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs), it is possible to reduce the expression of proliferation‐dependent proteins in tumor cells, leading to their apoptosis. We propose that siRNAs could be adapted to the tumor type and may cause fewer side effects than current therapy.


At present,the new types of rural financial institutions in China mainly include rural bank,microfinance companies,rural mutual cooperatives and etc.In order to make clear the relationship between the policy incentive and the sustainable development of new types of rural financial institutions,the dynamic evolutionary game model between the government and the investor of new types of rural financial institutions is established by using evolutionary game theory.The analysis results of the model show that: the strategy selection of the government directly affects the result of game,and the decrease of cost and the increase of income of both players can prompt the sustainable development of rural financial institutions.So,the government should further take a series of incentive measures to reduce the cost and increase the income of the sustainable development of rural financial institutions.


The impact of soiling and moisture on long term PID susceptibility of PV modules is investigated based on the voltage divider model. In the first instance, the electric conductance of the glass surface is measured before and after a well-defined soiling experiment using Arizona Test Dust. Secondly, the change of the electric conductivity of the encapsulating polymer foils is addressed by a combined study of water uptake behavior, electrical resistivity and PID susceptibility of mini modules with three different common, commercially available EVA materials. The ingress of moisture is triggered under controlled, realistic conditions by pre-soaking of the mini modules under damp heat conditions (85 °C, 85 % RH). Samples of the EVA are then characterized with respect to their water content and electrical resistivity. The measured electrical material parameters for glass soiling and damp heat soaked polymers are implemented in a simplified electrical model of the module encapsulation. The resulting voltage across the anti-reflective coating of the solar cell is indicative for the degree and speed of PID. After damp heat soaking the mini modules develop a PID sensitivity that is correlated to the moisture ingress and the electrical resistivity. Furthermore, soiling of the glass surface has a promotive impact on the strength of PID due to decrease of potential drop across the glass surface.The impact of soiling and moisture on long term PID susceptibility of PV modules is investigated based on the voltage divider model. In the first instance, the electric conductance of the glass surface is measured before and after a well-defined soiling experiment using Arizona Test Dust. Secondly, the change of the electric conductivity of the encapsulating polymer foils is addressed by a combined study of water uptake behavior, electrical resistivity and PID susceptibility of mini modules with three different common, commercially available EVA materials. The ingress of moisture is triggered under controlled, realistic conditions by pre-soaking of the mini modules under damp heat conditions (85 °C, 85 % RH). Samples of the EVA are then characterized with respect to their water content and electrical resistivity. The measured electrical material parameters for glass soiling and damp heat soaked polymers are implemented in a simplified electrical model of the module encapsulation. The resulting voltage acr...


. In this article, we study a class of elliptic systems with Hardy potentials. We analyze the possible behavior of radial solutions to the system when p,t > 1, q,s > 0 and λ,µ > ( N − 2) 2 / 4, and obtain the existence of positive solutions to the system with the Dirichlet boundary condition under certain conditions. When λ,µ ≤ 0, p,t > 1 and q,s > 0, we show that any radial positive solution is decreasing in r .


The magnetic structure of Fe{sub 1-x}Co{sub x}Si single crystals with x=0.10,0.15,0.20,0.50 has been studied by small angle polarized neutron diffraction and superconducting quantum interference device measurements. Experiments have shown that in zero field the compounds with x=0.1,0.15 have a well-defined tendency to order in the one-handed spiral along axes due to the anisotropic exchange, that, however, decreases with increasing Co concentration x. The magnetic structure of Fe{sub 1-x}Co{sub x}Si with x=0.2,0.5 consists of spiral domains with randomly oriented spiral wave vector k. The applied magnetic field produces a single domain helix oriented along the field. The process of the reorientation starts at the field H{sub C1}. Further increase of the field leads to a magnetic phase transition from a conical to a ferromagnetic state near H{sub C2}. In the critical range near T{sub C} the integral intensity of the Bragg reflection shows a well-pronounced minimum at H{sub fl} attributed to a k flop of the helix wave vector. On the basis of our experiments we built the H-T phase diagram for each compound. It is shown that the same set of the parameters governs the magnetic properties of these compounds k, H{sub C1}, H{sub fl}, and H{sub C2}. Ourmore » experimental findings are well interpreted in the framework of a recently developed theory [Phys. Rev. B 73, 174402 (2006)] for cubic magnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. In particular, the theory suggests an additional quantum term in the magnetic susceptibility caused by the DM interaction which is in good agreement with the experiment.« less


Alien legumes exert major influence in modulation of sustainable agriculture and crop productivity in diverse ways. An investigation was carried out in inventorizing alien legume plants and their invasive nature in d Bengal during 2005 highly invasive in nature and the tree About 40% of plants have been used by local people as food and fodder, 20% in medicinal, and rest 40% as biomass fuel, manuring and in other diverse economic and commercial purposes. Allelopathic effect of an invasive legume on crop legume was as growth traits and root Leucaena leucocephala reduction in germinatio in mitotic index and enhancement of mitotic abnormalities in dose had no significant effect, concentrations of 20% onwards were found highly inhibi growth, and induced chromotoxicity in


Crude Palm Oil (CPO) was experienced with electrolyze by using two stages electrochemical thermal cracking reactor, zeolyte as catalyst, silver as cathode and cuprum as anode. In this research, we used electrolyte solution for 2 kinds of concentrate which was 40 and 60% of sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). It worked in 1 atm with electrolyze for 1 hour, heating till reaching temperature 80 o C for 1 hr, fogging process for 1 hr, and heating without electrolyze nor fogging about 30 minutes. From lubricity analyze, this product is a fuel with high lubricity. The analyzer showing that cracking of triglyceride of crude palm oil has same characteristics with diesel.


Some constituents and structures in the mixtures obtained by reaction of oxygen with model compounds of 1,4-polyisoprene in the presence of phenylhydrazine (1) could be identified. Accelerated oxidation of monomeric units 2 of 1,4-polyisoprene by phenyl radical generation (reaction of 1 with oxygen) and in situ decomposition of hydroperoxides, allow to explain the formation of epoxidized and hydroxylated units which were identified. Identification of phenylsubstituted alcohols and phenyl ketones leads to the proposition of a chain cleavage process involving the addition of phenyl radicals to the double bonds of 2. No more carbonyl compounds or structures resulting from peroxide decompositions by carbon-carbon bond cleavage could be detected. The hypothesis of their transformation into phenylhydrazones, followed by oxidation and decompositions, is supported by indications of phenylazo structures, but has to be confirmed.


Durum-21 (D-21) is a high-yielding, disease resistant with better-quality traits variety, developed by Wheat Research Institute Faisalabad. This variety is mainly developed for industrial purposes for pasta production. Worldwide, durum wheat is utilized for pasta production; but in Pakistan, due to a lack of research work and non-availability of quality seeds of durum wheat, bread wheat is being utilized for pasta production. D-21 is developed with the breeding code of D-21 having parentage of FKN/3/2*FR//KAD/GB/4/BB/CHA/5/AS-2002 with pedigree as PB20733-1a-2a-2a-0a-0a-19a-0a. The candidate line D-21 was developed by crossing a germplasm accession with approved bread wheat variety AS-02. The genotype was further evaluated over multiple locations in Punjab Pakistan for yield and yield-related attributes in the station, provincial, and national uniform durum yield trials executed by Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Faisalabad during 2015-20. The promising line out yielded the two commercial check varieties D-97 and Fsd-2008 by 1.42 % in the provincial yield trial and 4.2 % in the national yield trial. D-21 had desirably medium to tall plant height (96-100 cm) without anthocyanin pigment. It has erected to semi-erect growth habit at the seedling stage. Its color is green with medium waxiness on stem and yellowish-white at maturity. Its 1000-grain weight ranged from 38.9 to 39 g while the test weight remained from 69 to 78.5 g. The protein contents were 13.1 to 14.95 %; which is higher than the two checks (D-97 and Fsd-2008). Due to its better grain yield and promising nutritional and quality parameters, it was approved in the year 2021 for cultivation all over the country.


Patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) face a poor prognosis with median survival of about 14 months. High recurrence rate and failure of conventional treatments are attributed to the presence of GBM cells with stem‐like properties (GSCs). Metabolite profiles of 42 GSC lines established from the tumor tissue of adult GBM patients were screened with 1H NMR spectroscopy and compared with human neural progenitor cells from human adult olfactory bulb (OB‐NPCs) and from the developing human brain (HNPCs).


nearly one-third being in the 22%-65% of and Soft tissue abscesses are in the and the is often by history and physical exam. However, imaging modalities are more accurate than physical exam alone. When comparing ultrasound to physical exam in the diagnosis of soft tissue abscesses, one study suggests that ultrasound has a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 87%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the physical exam is 84% and 60%, respectively. Another study comparing computed tomography (CT) to ultrasound in the diagnosis of abscesses found ultrasound to have a sensitivity and specificity of 96.7% and 85.7%, respectively, while the overall sensitivity and specificity of CT was 76.7% and 91.4%, respectively. Ultrasound was superior in overall image detail ratings and demonstrated more visible detail within the abscess cavity. 5 When utilizing POCUS to evaluate for an abscess, look for an area of anechoic or hypoechoic fluid that may have contain septae, sediment, or gas. If one compresses the area with the transducer, movement or swirling of the abscess contents may be induced. general to the high degree of muscular involvement and the size of the abscess cavity. Over 200 mL of purulent fluid was from a pocket that measured 8x14x7cm.


CHAPMAN: My introduction to Loïs Mailou Jones came in 1987. I had just graduated from the Georgetown University School of Medicine as a young physician and my wife had just graduated from Howard University Dental School, and we were looking for an apartment in close proximity to Georgetown University. A good friend of ours, Gloria Johnson, who had lived in that area about twenty years, told us a friend, Loïs Mailou Jones, had a very nice basement apartment that we could rent out and live in and that we would have access to the entire house which was full of paintings. When my wife visited Loïs at the home, saw the paintings and fell in love with the house and artwork. She called me and told me she thought this was where we should move. And that was the beginning of my relationship with Loïs Mailou Jones.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish guidelines for ankle-brachial index (ABI), toe-brachial index (TBI) and toe pressure with regard to healing of diabetic foot amputation wound. Material and Methods: We designed a retrospective study that included patients with diabetic foot ulcer. From 2008 to 2011, 46 patients who had suffered from amputation of a foot due to diabetic foot ulcer were included in this study. We divided them into amputation-success group and amputation-revision group, and compared their ankle-brachial index (ABI), toebrachial index (TBI) and toe pressure between two groups. Amputation-revision group is that first forefoot amputation is failed to heal successfully and need to have another proximal amputation. Results: Toe pressure was 78 mmHg (54~107) in the amputation success group, 0 mmHg (0~43) in the amputation revision group (p=0.000). Ankle-brachial index was 1.1650(1.0475~1.1975) in the amputation success group, 0.92(0.5275~1.0750) in the amputation revision group (p=0.05), and toe-brachial index was 0.6100(0.4050~0.7575) in the amputation success group, 0.00(0.00~0.4150) in the amputation revision group (p=0.04), respectively. Conclusion: ABI, TBI, toe pressure of amputation success group were significantly higher than those of amputation revision group.


Determination of fundamental parameters of stars impacts all fields of astrophysics, from galaxy evolution to constraining the internal structure of exoplanets. This paper presents a detailed spectroscopic analysis of Barnard's star that compares an exceptionally high-quality (signal-to-noise ratio of $>$2500 in the $H$ band), high-resolution NIR spectrum taken with CFHT/SPIRou to PHOENIX-ACES stellar atmosphere models. The observed spectrum shows thousands of lines not identified in the models with a similar large number of lines present in the model but not in the observed data. We also identify several other caveats such as continuum mismatch, unresolved contamination and spectral lines significantly shifted from their expected wavelengths, all of these can be a source of bias for abundance determination. Out of $>10^4$ observed lines in the NIR that could be used for chemical spectroscopy, we identify a short list of a few hundred lines that are reliable. We present a novel method for determining the effective temperature and overall metallicity of slowly-rotating M dwarfs that uses several groups of lines as opposed to bulk spectral fitting methods. With this method, we infer $T_{\rm eff}$ = 3231 $\pm$ 21 K for Barnard's star, consistent with the value of 3238 $\pm$ 11 K inferred from the interferometric method. We also provide abundance measurements of 15 different elements for Barnard's star, including the abundances of four elements (K, O, Y, Th) never reported before for this star. This work emphasizes the need to improve current atmosphere models to fully exploit the NIR domain for chemical spectroscopy analysis.


An 8-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SA ADC) has been designed and fabricated by using a 0.18-μm technology. A generalized non-binary algorithm has been used to enhance operation speed by relaxing the settling constraint of the DAC output. A split-capacitor array with a monotonic switching scheme has also been incorporated to reduce the power consumption. Transistor-level simulation shows an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 7.91 bits under a Nyquist condition with a sampling frequency of 2 MHz. Fabricated chip operates successfully, proving the design principle.


Dynamic changes of expression of PsCCoAOMTand PsLARgenes at different development stages in Nai's fruits were explored,a normalized full-length cDNA library was constructed with Nai's fruits at different developmental stages as research materials by combination of two-step reverse transcription and suppressive PCR.Full-length cDNAs of PsCCoAOMTand PsLARencoding key enzymes in metabolic pathway of phenolics in Nai's fruit were screened by dilute-poold PCR method.The results showed that the full length cDNAs of PsCCoAOMTand PsLAR genes were1 195 bp with 744 bp of ORF encoding 247 amino acids and 1 625 bp with 1 050 bp of ORF encodingand 349 amino acids,respectively.The protein encoded by PsCCoAOMT was a stable hydrophilic protein whose relative molecular weight ofmolecular weight was 27 893.8and pI was 5.42;the protein encoded by PsLAR was an unstable hydrophilic protein whose relative molecular weight ofmolecular weight was 38 483.1and pI was 5.40.Homologous analysis showed that the homology of PsCCoAOMTcompared with that of Pyrus x bretschneideri was the highest by 96%,the PsLARs were highly homologous in Rosaceous plants.The results of Real-time PCR showed that the change of PsCCoAOMT was not obvious and tended to reduce overally in the whole process of development of fruit and reached to minimum after 50 days of anthesis;that of PsLARgradually reduced in the whole process of development of fruit,that of the gene reduced to zero after 125 days of anthesis.


Till recent, injections remained the most common route for administration of protein and peptide drugs because of their poor bioavailability in the other routes. Because it is generally recognized that injection based delivery is a major impediment to the commercial success of therapeutic proteins and peptides, research in both academia and industry continues to focus on ways to overcome this problem. Possible non-parenteral administration routes for delivery of peptide and protein drugs include oral, nasal, ocular, transdermal, rectal, colonic, and vaginal route. The large surface area associated with most of these routes makes them attractive targets for drug delivery. While non-invasive administration by these routes is considered a more logical and achievable option for local treatment regimens, systemic delivery of proteins and peptides is significantly more challenging. In spite of effort made on the development of drugs for these routes, most of the successes fail to address how the technology will be transformed to a commercial product. The only notable exceptions have been the successful commercialization of nasal formulations for systemic delivery of a limited number of therapeutic peptides, and recent regulatory approvals of both pulmonary and buccal delivery systems for systemic delivery of insulin and an oral formulation of a small peptide analog, cyclosporine, have been commercialized. The present review aims to discuss the potential non-invasive routes of protein and peptide drug delivery. The factors which will affect drug transport and the bioavailability of proteins administered through these routes is also emphasized


The report concerns the tracking of fresh produce flows to and from Sydney markets. It commences with a description of the operation of Sydney Markets at Flemington. It then uses key government reports to show the need for secure flows of quality fresh fruit and vegetables. Section 4 outlines the methods used in data collection and analysis in the study. A detailed account of the origins and relative sizes of flows of produce to the Sydney Markets follows with a discussion of the issues surrounding this account. It then analyses the flows of fresh fruit and vegetables to the various destinations in Sydney and beyond, and discusses the implications. Finally it provides a commentary on the report's main findings and draws attention to some key issues potentially affecting Sydney's food supply chain as Sydney Markets confronts the many ongoing challenges of operating in an expanding, complex 21st century Sydney.


The article aims to point out an important role of traffic demand surveys which they play for transport system planning and evaluation. The article shows the necessity of a national traffic behaviour survey or at least a unified methodology which would allow to interconnect individual surveys. It offers a brief overview of main traffic demand surveys which were conducted in recent years. In addition, the article presents selected foreign national surveys and the current attempts of their international harmonization.


In This paper,by studying the WTO negotiations between China and other countries, some bargaining problems are pointed out,which have not yet been studied in the game theory. Several new ideas are proposed here.


The paper elaborates on succession planning among Polish family businesses. Research survey was conducted on a random sample of 496 family enterprises in first quarter of 2009 (first phase, survey) and 61 family enterprises in third quarter of 2009 (second phase, in-depth-interview). The main aim of the paper is to identify the succession strategies (especially the ways in which they attempt to balance the strive to maintain family's control over the company with the goal of firm's growth) of the first generation of Polish entrepreneurs.


Wheat and gluten related disorders are common and differentiating between these conditions is necessary to identify the appropriate management, and establish potential complications and ways to avoid them. Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten related enteropathy where the villi of the small bowel flatten resulting in nutrition malabsorption when at risk individuals are exposed to gluten. This condition is completely reversible once gluten is eliminated entirely from the diet. Non celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) on the other hand is used to describe individuals who report gastrointestinal symptoms when exposed to gluten and are managed by eliminating gluten from their diets. It is important to differentiate between NCGS and CD as the former group do not suffer consequences of malabsorption or other serious complications if they continue to ingest toxic gluten. Wheat allergy is a condition caused by immunologic responses to a range of different proteins in wheat and is managed by eliminating wheat from diet. Symptoms range from urticaria, chest tightness, gastrointestinal symptoms and wheeze to anaphylaxis which makes dietary elimination. In this article, we describe the three wheat related disorders, investigation and management.


The author argues that Nixon administration made positive adjustment of U. S. Policy toward Japan and U. S.-Japan relations while promoting the development of Sino-American relations. The fact that the U. S. didn't inform Japan of H. Kissinger's visit to China in advance doesn't mean the weakening of U. S.-Japan security safeguard system and America's alienation from Japan. From the middle of July,1971 to September,1972,U. S. negotiated with Japan on their policy toward China through various channels. At the Hawaii Meeting,Nixon and Kakuei Tanaka ultimately determined the keynote of the normalization of diplomatic relations between Japan and P. R. C.,namely to deal with the normalization of bilateral relations on the premise of maintaining U. S.-Japan security safeguard system and according to the pattern of Shanghai Communique. Japanese government always handled U. S.-Japan Security Treaty and Taiwan issue in accordance with the established keynote of the two governments and managed to deal with the text of Japan-China Joint Declaration according to Shanghai Communique. For those bottom line questions to which U. S. and Japan stuck,Chinese government adopted avoidance strategy.


A method to determine some physical and chemical indices of tobacco flavor and fragrance simultaneously and rapidly was established. Prediction models of four indices including refraction index, pH, relative density, and total volatile constituents were founded by using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy. The effect of spectra pretreatment on models was studied. At the same time, reliability and repeatability of the predicted results of these models were evaluated. Results show that these models are applicable to different flavors and fragrances, and can predict simultaneously four indexes including refraction index, pH, relative density, and total volatile constituents. The values of RMSEP are 0.00182, 0.374, 0.00393 and 3.04, respectively. Therefore, the qualities of tobacco flavor and fragrance can be controlled rapidly without any damage by FT-NIR.


Textile is an integral part of human society. The Textile industry drastically needs a solution to detect and classify defects present in any fabric. This will help the quality control mechanism of fabric manufacturing and processing units. Various types of flaws such as oil stains, punches, thread condensation, etc. may get introduced in the fabric; intentionally or unintentionally. These or many such examples of errors present in cloth made up of different kinds of materials such as Silk, Jute, etc. So it is need of the hour to understand the relationship between the fabric material and defect types. An effective mechanism can be developed to point out the specific features required for accurate classification of defects. In this paper, we have experimented with various classification algorithms to classify the defects based on proposed DFT features. These ranked results can be further analyzed for better categorization. We have used TILDA Fabric databases containing 3200 images of the following fabric materials: Silk, Jute, Diamond pattern, and Flower pattern with seven different types of defects such as Oil stains, punches, thread condensation, foreign body, wrinkles, camera distortion and lighting conditions for this experimentation. Results are analyzed based on subjective and objective analysis methods. It has been observed that Flower and Diamond pattern fabric materials have closer classification rates after applying SVM, Grid Search, and Random Forest algorithms. At the same time, oil stains and punches, these defects are found to be have an average classification rates similar to each other across all fabric types and classification methods.


The publication of the White Paper, Working for patients,' heralded a major revolution in the provision of medical care within the National Health Service. Throughout the heated debate which preceded the enactment of the proposals in the NHS and Community Care Bill, the issue of medical audit remained relatively free of the contention which attended other aspects of the reforms. Yet the decision to implement a comprehensive programme of medical audit raises fundamental questions: Is there a clear understanding by the medical profession as to how medical audit should be practised? What is the relationship between medical audit and other processes for improving the quality of care? What should be the relationship between medical audit and health service management? Are there any lessons in the industrial sector for improving quality in health care? Working for patients defined medical audit as 'the systematic, critical analysis of the quality of medical care, including the procedures used for diagnosis and treatment, the use of resources, and the resulting outcome and quality of life for the patient'.' The achievement of this wide-ranging concept, in practice, requires the establishment of criteria of care so that standards can be set and current practice assessed against them. Opportunities for improvement identified in this way must prompt action, the effects of which are then evaluated to demonstrate that audit has achieved its desired aim. Standards can then be reviewed and, if necessary, redefined. This cyclical process is crucial to effective medical audit. Without the complete cycle, audit will be performed as an act of faith, and those involved will not receive feedback to encourage continuance.


This study explores King Khalid University English as Foreign Language (EFL) students' views regarding the advantages and limitations of merging the features of face-to-face language instruction and online language learning via the Blackboard learning management system in a new pedagogical approach called Blended Learning. The study also examines students' suggestions for improving the quality of Blended Learning courses. The sample consists of 160 male students. The participants completed a 33-item questionnaire. The results indicate the clear advantages of this new experience in broadening students' reading opportunities and enriching their English vocabulary. Moreover, the component on advantages clearly demonstrates how Blended Learning provides an environment for more effective employment of indirect language learning strategies (Oxford, 1990) such as meta-cognitive strategies (arranging and planning learning), affective strategies (confidence enhancement), and social strategies (cooperating with others).The limitations and problems of Blended Learning highlighted by the respondents are followed by a number of practical suggestions for addressing these drawbacks, including solving technical problems, providing proper training to students, increasing the number of labs, and recognizing excellent performance of both instructors and students. Translating these suggestions into an action plan and a road map will enhance the effectiveness of using Blended Learning to create supportive learning opportunities for language learners.


Human-powered lower exoskeletons have gained considerable interests from both academia and industry over the past few decades, and thus have seen increasing applications in areas of human locomotion assistance and strength augmentation. One of the most important aspects in those applications is to achieve robust control of lower exoskeletons, which, in the first place, requires the proactive modeling of human movement trajectories through physical Human-Robot Interaction (pHRI). As a powerful representation tool for motion trajectories, Dynamic Movement Primitive (DMP) has been used extensively to model human movement trajectories. However, canonical DMPs only offers a general offline representation of human movement trajectory and neglects the real-time interaction term, therefore it cannot be directly applied to lower exoskeletons which need to model human motion trajectories online since different pilots have different trajectories and even one pilot might change his/her intended trajectory during walking. This paper presents a novel Coupled Cooperative Primitives (CCPs) scheme, which models the motion trajectories online. Besides maintaining canonical motion primitives, we also model the interaction term between the pilot and exoskeletons through impedance models and apply a reinforcement learning method based on Policy Improvement and Path Integrals (PI2) to learn the parameters online. Experimental results on both a single Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) platform and a HUman-powered Augmentation Lower EXoskeleton (HUALEX) system demonstrate the advantages of our proposed CCP scheme.


By using low-cost solution process and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, we successfully fabricated high-quality ZrO2 films at room temperature. The ZrO2 films obtained with 1-h UV curing showed a very low leakage current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.7\times 10^{-6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/cm2 at −3 V), a high breakdown electric field 7.9 MV/cm, a high bandgap (6.13 eV), and a high dielectric constant (17.8). The organic thin-film transistor made by solution-processed ZrO2 gate dielectric shows a greatly reduced operation voltage of 4 V, and a high drain current on/off ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.1\times 10^{6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Furthermore, we also clarified the electronic structures of ZrO2 films with UV cured or thermal annealing. This letter demonstrated that solution-processable ZrO2 film is promising for applications in future low power consumption electronic devices.


Yorkshire County Cricket Club and Harrogate Spring Water have done a deal for the 2016 and 2017 Championship seasons for sponsorship of the media centre ...


The article proposes an analysis of professional reputations, social characteristics and scientific practices of the academic community of Russian lawyers. The authors give a detailed social portrait of the community: demographic characteristics, mobility, teaching load and involvement in legal practice. The study provides drawing on the representative survey the rankings of the most authoritative figures who have contributed to the Russian legal science in general as well as to particular sub-disciplines of law. In the article, the authors analyse how reputation correlates with formal indicators — the number of publications and citations in Russian and international journals. The article specifically addresses the issue of the involvement of Russian legal scholars into the international academia and their preparedness to use empirical methods and interdisciplinary approaches.


Number of Papers published in peer-reviewed journals: Number of Papers published in non peer-reviewed journals: Final Report: Virtual Network Computing Testbed for Cybersecurity Research Report Title The goal of this project was to construct a completely realistic testbed for cyber-security research. This testbed was intended to support the functioning of networks of 1000+ virtual machines in real time, and support the launching of real attacks, logging them in a database, and building classifiers to detect them. All of these goals have been accomplished. Several large networks have been built, and they can be run faster than real time. The primary significance of this testbed is that we can implement and evaluate defensive methods quickly and realistically. Also, we can evaluate the relative strengths of various data mining methods in cyber-security. Our plan for the next year is to add support for mobile wireless nodes in our virtual networks and improve the automation of the construction of networks. We plan to use our improved testbed to evaluate ensemble classification methods and to test the use of nonlinear classification methods on attack data. (a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) Enter List of papers submitted or published that acknowledge ARO support from the start of the project to the date of this printing. List the papers, including journal references, in the following categories: (b) Papers published in non-peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) (c) Presentations Received Paper


When exploring sound quality, often a high correlation between pleasantness and loudness can be observed. However, sometimes it is desirable to know to which extent other sound characteristics than loudness are responsible for a preference evaluation. In this respect multitone sounds with rich perceptual aspects are interesting test sounds. This talk will present a separate determination of preference and loudness by comparing a test sound of interest with a reference sound. Using an adaptive paired comparison the points of subjective equality (PSEs) for preference and loudness between test and reference sound are separately measured "Which sound is louder?" and "Which sound do you prefer?" by varying the test sound level in an adaptive staircase manner. The level changes affect both loudness and preference evaluation of the test sound. The results of these experiments are level differences ΔL between the test and the reference sound at which equal preference and equal loudness are reached between them. (Similar procedures have been employed to determine equal loudness contours.) It will be shown, with multitone sounds as examples, how this method reliably differentiates between loudness and preference.


The contrasts of features in the quiet Sun are studied using filtergrams recorded by the broad-band filter imager mounted on the Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope. In a first step, the scattered light originating in the instrument is modeled using Mercury transit data. Combinations of four two-dimensional Gaussians with different widths and weights were employed to retrieve the point-spread functions (PSF) of the instrument at different wavelengths, which also describe instrumental scattered light. The parameters of the PSFs at different wavelengths are tabulated. The observed images were then deconvolved using the PSFs. The corrected images were used to determine the contrasts of features such as bright points and granulation in different wavelength bands. After correction, rms contrasts of the granulation of between 0.11 (at 668 nm) and 0.22 (at 388 nm) were obtained. Similarly, bright point contrasts ranging from 0.07 (at 668 nm) to 0.78 (at 388 nm) are found, which are a factor of 1.8 to 2.8 higher than those obtained before PSF deconvolution. The mean contrast of the bright points is found to be somewhat higher in the CN-band than in the G-band, which confirms theoretical predictions.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cosmonautics and concerns devices for heat transmission measurement, namely - microstructural systems containing resilient flexible deformable actuating elements. Microstructural system for spacecraft (SC) thermal control and moving contains substrate screens. The substrate is fixed on SC surface or on its component. The screens begin to move under thermal flow action. Moving screens are orderly located over substrate, made as matrix with resilient-articulated cantilevers consisting of parallel trapezoidal inserts of single-crystalline silicon with orientation [100] and connected by polyimid inlays formed by polyimid film. The screens are fixed on mounting elements on the substrate or on immovable frame rigidly fixed on mounting elements of the substrate. When heated or cooled the screens simultaneously change their spatial position by starting their up or down movement under action of strong strain of materials. EFFECT: creation of effective microstructural SC thermal control system operating in wide temperature range (temperature of liquid nitrogen); higher manufacturability of product and its reliability characteristics, tolerance to cyclic loads due to use of screens deformed under temperature action without electronic control circuit. 6 cl, 11 dwg


The accurate determination of residual stresses has a crucial role in understanding the complex interactions between microstructure, mechanical state, mode(s) of failure, and structural integrity. Moreover, the residual stress management concept contributes to industrial applications, aiming to improve the product's service performance and life cycle. In this regard, the industry requests rapid, efficient, and modern methods to identify and control the residual stress state. This review article contains three main sections. The first section covers different residual stress determination methods and reports the advancements over the recent decade. The second section includes the role of residual stresses in the performance of a broad range of materials including metallic alloys, polymers, ceramics, composites, and biomaterials. This is presented by classifying different science areas dealing with residual stresses into two main groups, including "origins" and "effects" of residual stresses. The range of topics covered are "welding, machining, curing/cooling, and spray coating processes," "medical and dental sciences," and "fatigue and fracture mechanisms." The third section summarizes various strategies to effectively control residual stresses through different manufacturing procedures. It is hoped that the data provided herein serves as a valuable up‐to‐date reference for engineers and scientists in the field of residual stress.


The drought resistance of four raspberry varieties(Tulameen,Willamette,Summit,Equo- hong)and two blackberry varieties(Boysen,Black buttee)was studied comparatively by pot culture method .The water parameters of the six varieties were calculated by using pressure-volume(PV)tech- nique under four soil moisture treatments and the drought resistance of the six varieties was evaluated. The results showed that all of six varieties had certain osmotic adjustment and turgor maintenance abili- ties,Eguohong,Black buttee,Willamette and Boysen could adjust osmosis by increasing the proportion of bound water,Tulameen and Summit could maintain turgor by improving elasticity of cell wall,Eguo- hong,Willamette,Boysen and Tulameen could adjust osmosis by increasing solute concentration under drought conditions and the order of drought resistance(from strong to weak)of the six varieties was Willamette,Tulameen,Boysen,Eguohong,Black buttee and Summit.


The purpose. To analyze results of domestic and foreign probes of last years concerning opportunity of use of hexapods as a source of the balanced nutrients for branch of animal husbandry, biologically active ingredients for needs of medicine and veterinary science. Methods. Analytical, theoretical generalization. Results. Assay values of domestic and foreign sources concerning opportunity of growing hexapods of the certain kinds on industrial basis are brought at reclamation of waste materials of food-processing industry and stock-rearing farms for deriving low-cost nutritive ingredients of feedstuff of agricultural animals. Perspectives of industrial entomology are specified at solution of problem of human and veterinary medicine. Conclusions. Building new economic sector of industrial entomology for deriving articles of food and feedstuff requires development of versatile intraand interdisciplinary approaches for provision of efficient cooperation between public authorities, specialists of different industries and sciences.


The authors report on their experience in the medical and surgical management of three cases of penetrating craniocerebral injuries caused by a nail. In all three cases, it was an aggression. Two of the three patients were male. The cranial locations affected were respectively left parietal, right temporal and right frontal. The Glasgow coma score (GCS) was between 9 and 13. None of the patients had a motor deficit. A plain skull radiographs was performed for each patient. All patients underwent surgery and all received antibiotic therapy and tetanus vaccination. In two cases, post-operative outcome was simple. Recovery was complete without sequelae. The patient with a GCS of 9 died the day after surgery.


Reeently, several studies have shown relationships between tree radial growth and cHmatic faetors. It is generally assumed in dendroclimatological studics that there exists relationship betsreen tree radial growth and the c]imatic factors, In this study, we unalyzed the relationship between tree radial growth of lle'nvts densijibra and climatic factors that had been collcxJted from sarnple sites in central urban area, Scuul in Korea. Based on sensitiv{ty analysis of radia] growt]i using a variety or cembinations of independent variables, temperature has a pesitive effect on radial growth. The standard growth appeared better in the north and south aspects where the mean temperature was higher than ether aspects. This study also indicated that spatial autocorrelation existed in standard growth with the range of 250m, indicating thatthere exist spatial differences in tree growth due to micro c]imatjc and topographjcal variability, This result can be used te develop accurate regional process based model for reasenable managemen・t of urban forest. Keyzverds:Pinus densWroa, radial growth,dendrocli]natology, spatialdisiribution, spatial autocorre]ation INTRODUCTION Climate is often considered one of the niust prominent and consistent factors affecting year to year variability in tree growth and depending on the ercistence ef uther growth limiting' facters CFRITTs, 1976). Due to the limited time interval of instnimental climate records, many natural proxies have been used te conduct paleoclimatic reconstruction. Tree illlgs have been widely used to reconstruct the variability of many climate factors (e.g,, temperature, precipitation), due to their annual resolution, wide spatial distribution, a d the possibility ef using simple linear models of climate-tree growth relationships that seem to 1]e easily verified and calibrated (HuGHEs, 2oo2). As climate change begins to have s{gnificant impacts (OGDEN and INNEs, 2007), monitoring their niagnitudc and direction will be required to adapt forest mEmagement practices to these impact. It is generally assurned in dendroclimatologtcal studies that there exists clese relationship between tree groirtli and climate factors (FRf'i"rs, 1976). FRIrl's et aL C1965} demonstrated that values of ring width correlation and variat{on can also be used as a basis for evaluating the growth response of a stand to its envirenment. In addition, dendrechronological and dendroclimatological inethods are useful tools for revea}ing the dominant factors infiuencing radial growth (Fiu'ivrs, I976; CooK and KAJRilJKsTIs, 1990) and demonstrate soine of their advantages particularly for obtaining more detailed, annual resolution data on forest growth and stand dynamics. Variability in tree growth response to cliinate across geographicul gradients can be anticipated due te varying site requirernents for different species (FowEEis, 1965} and differenoes in soils refiected in moisture ava{lability and nutrient Corresponding author/ Woo-Kyun Lee E-mai1: firstname.lastname@example.com "'Department of Climatic Envivonment, Graduate School of I.ife and Environmental Science, Korea University, Ai'iamdong5ga SuragbukKu, Seoul 136713, Korea "Departrnent of Environmental Seience mid Ecelogical Engineering, Graduate Schcml, Korea Uriiversity, Anamdongt')g.a SungbukKu, Seoul 1ss-713, Korea fthxlhnn.16: jes-1 69 (2010 Japan Society of Forest Planning NII-Electronic Library Service apanSociety fForest lanning


To solve the problems of inefficiency and bad-adaptability for the existing outlier mining algorithms based on grid,this paper proposed an outlier mining algorithm based on data partitioning and grid.Firstly,the technology of data partitioning was applied.Secondly,the non-outliers were filtered out by cell and the intermediate results were temporarily stored.Thirdly,the structure of the improved Cell Dimension Tree(CD-Tree) was created to maintain the spatial information of the reserved data.Afterwards,the non-outliers were filtered out by micro-cell and were operated efficiently through two optimization strategies.Finally,followed by mining by data point,the outlier set was obtained.The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the method is feasible and effective,and has better scalability for dealing with massive and high dimensional data.


This article reports a study of 96 children between 2 and 12 years old, interviewed with their mothers, at a Pediatric Clinic in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was funded by CONICET and Fundacion Ecosistemas Humanos, and its objective was to obtain the standards of behavior of non-referred children during their interaction with Anatomically Detailed Dolls (ADs ). The study comprised interviews with mother and child, as well as a pediatric examination. Children's behavior with ADs was observed and coded to generate typical profiles by gender and age, and also to investigate individual, family, and contextual correlates of the behaviors. Negative factors, such as poverty, neglect, or physical punishment were found to increase activity with dolls, but also did positive factors, such as higher cognitive development. Explicitly sexual manipulations were very rare. This work provided a model for a standardized observation of the behavior with anatomic dolls that can be used as an exploratory tool when sexual abuse is suspected. Being extremely rare, explicit sexual manipulations of the dolls during an assessment deserve special attention from professionals.


The aim of this paper is to contribute to the problems of reliability of mechatronic non-safety-critical office equipment in the conditions of ever changing product models in hard worldwide competition environment. In the introductory part the approach to mechatronic systems reliability criteria, focused on the interaction of different technologies is explained. In the second part the reliability data of one class of office equipment are presented. The reliability data of different generations of this equipment are juxtaposed and changes in failure distributions analyzed. In the third part the follow-up product development and customer satisfaction problems in a triangle product developer-service-customer are discussed. The meaning dynamic reliability is introduced to involve the customer and serviceman in the product developing team.


Opening Remarks.- Imagery, Probability and the Roots of Werner Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle Paper.- Against "Measurement".- An Exposition of Bell's Theorem.- Wave-Particle Duality: A Case Study.- "Nicht Sein Kann Was Nicht Sein Darf", Or the Prehistory of the EPR, 1909-1935: Einstein's Early Worries About the Quantum Mechanics of Composite Systems.- to Two-Particle Interferometry.- A New View on the Uncertainty Principle.- Measurement Problems in Quantum Field Theory in the 1930's.- On the Collapse of the Wave Function.- Old and New Ideas in the Theory of Quantum Measurement.- Toward a Relativistic Theory of Statevector Reduction.- The Breakdown of the Superposition Principle.- Mathematical and Philosophical Questions in the Theory of Open and Macroscopic Quantum Systems.- Induced Nonlinear Time Evolution of Open Quantum Objects.- Quantum Logic: A Summary of Some Issues.- Remarks on the Measurement of Discrete Physical Quantities.- Some Comments and Reflections.- Invited Lecturers.


Licensed sharing of underutilised spectrum by a limited number of rights holders may increase spectrum capacity. The paper explores the benefits of an individual authorisation scheme. The scheme described can be implemented rapidly in Europe under the existing EU regulatory framework for electronic communications, reaping the benefits of the mobile internet revolution for industry and con sumers in Europe and globally.


The 1967 Koyna and recent 1993 Khillari earthquakes triggered a rethinking on the seismic status of the Peninsular India which hitherto was thought to be a relatively stable land mass. Under such a changed seismotectonic scenario, evaluation of site dependent earthquake design parameters for important projects has become necessary. Earthquake design parameters for several projects have been recommended by the Department of Earthquake Engineering. This involves postulation of causative faults for estimation of Peak Ground Acceleration and proposing design response Spectra and ground motion time history. A brief description of parameters adopted for project sites in Peninsular India is given. Except in Koyna region, no strong motion records are available in Peninsular India. Accelerograms from Koyna which are recorded in the period from 1968 to 1994 have been reanalysed and Attenuation relationship and shape of acceleration response spectra have been derived. The results have been compared with those from Himalayan region and it is seen that Koyna results are on the lower side.


The significance of the Arctic as an energy "a new Middle East" grows every year. In connection with this growing interest and non-arctic countries to have not yet mastered and developed reserves of mineral raw materials. No exception in this China. Because it needs alternative energy resources from politically stable regions such as the Arctic and in the future to diversify its imports of oil and natural gas. China needs alternative energy from politically stable regions such as the Arctic. Iceland's own output exports to East Asia market. Iceland is arctic country with a representative energy reserves. For Iceland icelandic-chinese interaction is primarily the output of its exports of fishery products and energy market of East Asia.


Vision is a popular and effective sensor for robotics from which we can derive rich information about the environment: the geometry and semantics of the scene, as well as the age, gender, identity, activity and even emotional state of humans within that scene. This raises important questions about the reach, lifespan, and potential misuse of this information. This paper is a call to action to consider privacy in the context of robotic vision. We propose a specific form privacy preservation in which no images are captured or could be reconstructed by an attacker even with full remote access. We present a set of principles by which such systems can be designed, and through a case study in localisation demonstrate in simulation a specific implementation that delivers an important robotic capability in an inherently privacy-preserving manner. This is a first step, and we hope to inspire future works that expand the range of applications open to sighted robotic systems.


We explore the capability of a 500 or 1000 GeV e+elinear collider to measure anomalous quartic gauge boson couplings. In the framework of a non-linear effective Lagrangian with a custodial S U ( 2 ) symmetry, there are only two next-to-leading order operators which contribute to quartic, but not to twoand threegauge boson interactions. The limits on the coefficients of these operators from present and future e+ecolliders are compared with those available from other sources.


Presently, the prediction of share is a challenging issue for the research community as share market is a chaotic place. The reason behind it, there are several factors such as government policies, international market, weather, performance of company. In this article, a model has been developed using long short term memory (LSTM) to predict the share price of DLF group. Moreover, for the experimental purpose the data of DLF group has been taken from yahoo financial services in the time duration of 2008 to 2018 and the recurrent neural network (RNN) model has been trained using data ranging from 2008 to 2017. This RNN based model has been tested on the data of year 2018. For the performance comparison purpose, other linear regression algorithms i.e. k-nn regression, lasso regression, XGboost etc has been executed and the proposed algorithm outperforms with 2.6% root mean square error.


Amylase is one of the most used enzymes in industry. It is an extracellular enzyme and has allocated 20% of the enzyme marketing to itself. Amylases are widely used in several industrial processes such as food, wood, paper, detergent, and pharmaceutical production, and fermentation. Due to their high potential of amylase overexpression, Bacilli are considered as the most important and prevalently used as the producers of this enzyme. Thus cloning an amylase expressing gene in a well-known host such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis can aid the process of identification and production of new amylases and their functional improvement. Bacillus licheniformis genome was extracted and the amylase-coding gene was isolated and amplified using PCR with genome as the template and specific primers. The amplified amylase gene was transferred to T.vector which subsequently was digested by HindIII and BamHI. The digested fragment was ligated to the shuttle vector pMR12 and transferred into E. coli TOP10 cells. After confirmation of successful transformation of E. coli TOP10 cells with the recombinant plasmid, it was extracted and directly transferred into B. subtilis WB600. Alpha-amylase gene was cloned in pMR12 vector and B subtilis as the host and the presence of the gene fragment in kanamycin-resistant colonies was confirmed using enzymatic digestion and PCR. Amylase gene was successfully cloned according to the stability of the recombinant vector harboring this gene after several consequent subcultures.


The authors address an important topic in trying to determine fall risk factors for a specialty practice area: rehabilitation nursing. However, comparison of the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSmr) Functional Independence Measure (FIM) with Morse Fall Scale (MFS) lacks validity and precision. The FIM was designed to determine the burden of care for those living with disability(ies) and/or chronic diseases, not to determine the likelihood of a specific type of fall. The MFS was designed to determine the likelihood of only one type of fall, the anticipated physiologic fall (see Morse, 1997). Therefore, to compare the two instruments, FIM and MFS, is incongruent conceptually and scientifically. In addition, without specification of type of falls when using the MFS, the investigators negate its construct and predictive validity for the one type of fall, and thus the results from this study, comparing fallers to nonfallers, are inaccurate. When comparing fall risk screening tools to nursing judgment about likelihood of falling, nursing judgment of "front line nurses" is important (see Oliver et al., 2010). Rehabilitation nurses would be better guided to exercise clinical judgment that is specialty-based and expert for assessment, not screening, to identify patientspecific factors that make rehabilitation patients at known risk for anticipated physiologic falls, such as hemianopsia, hemiplegia, hemiparesis, postural hypotension, incontinence, and lower extremity sensory neuropathy; then, rehabilitation nurses lead and design interdisciplinary approaches to modify and reduce fall risks factors although protecting rehabilitation patients fall-related injuries.


INTRODUCTION South Africa's urban population is reported to be growing at alarming rates and it is projected that by 2050, a staggering 80 percent of the population will be residing in urban areas and this will surely have significant implications for rural development and growth. Debatably, one may opine that the government has not adequately invested in the development of rural areas as many are still characterised by the lack of infrastructure, limited access to educational and health services and limited economic opportunities needed for one's development. South Africa is rapidly urbanizing as more and more people are moving to urban areas mainly because of the perceived better living and working conditions that are ought to be present.


Ntuk, U.E., Celis-Morales, C.A., Mackay, D.F., Sattar, N. , Pell, J.P. and Gill, J.M.R. (2017) Association between grip strength and diabetes prevalence in black, South Asian, and white European ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study of 418,656 UK Biobank participants. Diabetic Medicine, 34(8), pp. 1120-1128. (doi:10.1111/dme.13323) This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.


Objective To analyse characteristics of the coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb which are markers of HBV in serum. Methods ELISA was used to exam serum of healthy waiters and workers, physical examiners and patients. Results There were 68 cases of coexistence about HBsAg and HBsAb in serum among 896 cases which were HBsAg-positive (7.59%), there were 5 special types of HBsAg and HBsAb coexistence. The majority was coexistence of only HBsAg and HBsAb (52.9%). Conclusion There are several types of coexistence of serological markers in patients with hepatitis virus, the coexistence of only HBsAg and HBsAb is the main type.


Leucocyte recruitment is critical during many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Chemokines are key mediators of leucocyte recruitment during the inflammatory response, by signalling through specific chemokine G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs). In addition, chemokines interact with cell‐surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to generate a chemotactic gradient. The chemokine interleukin‐8/CXCL8, a prototypical neutrophil chemoattractant, is characterized by a long, highly positively charged GAG‐binding C‐terminal region, absent in most other chemokines. To examine whether the CXCL8 C‐terminal peptide has a modulatory role in GAG binding during neutrophil recruitment, we synthesized the wild‐type CXCL8 C‐terminal [CXCL8 (54–72)] (Peptide 1), a peptide with a substitution of glutamic acid (E) 70 with lysine (K) (Peptide 2) to increase positive charge; and also, a scrambled sequence peptide (Peptide 3). Surface plasmon resonance showed that Peptide 1, corresponding to the core CXCL8 GAG‐binding region, binds to GAG but Peptide 2 binding was detected at lower concentrations. In the absence of cellular GAG, the peptides did not affect CXCL8‐induced calcium signalling or neutrophil chemotaxis along a diffusion gradient, suggesting no effect on GPCR binding. All peptides equally inhibited neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells under physiological flow conditions. Peptide 2, with its greater positive charge and binding to polyanionic GAG, inhibited CXCL8‐induced neutrophil transendothelial migration. Our studies suggest that the E70K CXCL8 peptide, may serve as a lead molecule for further development of therapeutic inhibitors of neutrophil‐mediated inflammation based on modulation of chemokine–GAG binding.


p. 63, Title// Amédégnato/Amedegnato p.70//"4 ♂♂, Prov. Bocas del Toro: Quebrada Felix, 2 km NW of summit of road to Chiriquí Grande 900m.19 –22.09.1999,1997 . . . "//[Delete] '1997'. p.71, Fig. 10 caption//" . . . reflected to the rear. Scale 1 mm." //[Delete] 'Scale 1 mm.' p.76// "Dimensions.— see table."//" . . . see Table 2." p.76//"Phallus (Figs 17E-G). Typical of subfamily. Lophi conical, slightly diverging, weakly soldered . . . "//" . . . weakly shouldered" p.77//"Piezops Hebard 1923; Hebard 1923:296 . . . "// "Piezops Hebard 1923" [column-centered] "Hebard M. 1923:296 . . ." [at left margin below] p.79//"Female: (Fig. 19) Similar to but much larger than male—see table of Dimensions— . . . "//" --see Table 3-. . ." p82//"The aperture of the duct is supported by an arrowhead-shaped sclerite (Fig. 25C.) Dimensions: see table."// "Dimensions: see Table 4A." p.84//". . . Piper (Pothomorphe) peltatum (Spanish . . . '// "Piper (Pothomorphe) peltatum . . . " p.86, Table 1 Footnotes//"Asame in all spp."//"1same in all spp." p.86, Table 1 Footnote//"3onlz punctatus is different"//"only punctatus is different" p.86, Table 1 Footnote//"4similar in all/OS bigger in females"//"similar in all spp., IOS bigger in females of all spp." p.86, Table 1 Footnote//"5here longer in males, in the others shorter"//"here longer in males in the other spp. shorter" p.86, Table 1 Footnote//"6FF similar in all"//"6Foot Formula similar in all spp." p.86, References//"Hebard M. 192. . . . "//"Hebard M. 1923. . . . " Corrigenda: The Rytidochrotinae of Panama, with new species of Hylopedetes Rehn 1929, Oedalacris Descamps and Amedegnato 1972 and Chiriquacris n. gen. Journal of Orthoptera Research 14(1): 63-90.


This paper establishes the direction of causality between export growth and manufacturing output growth in the period 1947 to 1987. Total exports and manufacturing output demonstrated bidirectional causality for the entire period, yet from 1947 to 1970 there was found to be no relationship between them. A test for the direction of causality between merchandise exports and manufacturing output found that causation ran from manufacturing output to exports from 1947 to 1970. In the period 1968 to 1987, bidirectional causation was established between merchandise exports and manufacturing output


Cloud computing is emerged as new technology in organization and cooperates. To successfully provide cloud services and sharing of resources, the cloud must be tested before came into service. Cloud testing is a form of testing in which web applications uses cloud computing environment and infrastructure to simulate real world user traffic by using cloud technologies and solutions . The Cloud computing gives the way to obtain computing resources, and also provide a new direction to manage and deliver computing solutions, technologies, and services .Every New technology have lots of challenges attached with it . Similarly Cloud-based testing also provides a set of challenges, such as lack of standards and data security, especially in the public cloud model. Cloud computing provides an opportunity to offer testing as a service (TaaS) for clouds and SaaS. Cloud computing also identify new challenges, issues and needs in software testing, generally in cloud-based applications and testing clouds. This paper focuses on testing challenges of the cloud that is being faced by cloud service provider. It also examines the major needs, challenges, and issues in testing cloud-based software applications.


In this paper, we follow the guidelines for a trial on D Silva, Molina (2008), using the dialectical method to analyze hermeneuticamente, Guidance and Psychology: its possible antagonism and meetings in the light of life experience. The responsibility falls on two specialists in the area that offer part of their training and work experience as a source of arguments and opinions raised, based on a theoretical and methodological reference-based legal and illustrating the route context. His contribution includes conceptualization, review of background and relevant references that lead the reader to consubstantialized with scenarios that invite reflection on action as a valid way to convert antithesis or "differences" into opportunities for relevant changes and points of encounter, negotiation between these disciplines, in line with the current educational needs and challenges.