A method for manufacturing a horizontally aligned carbon nanotube field emitter using electrophoresis is provided to form the large-size carbon nanotube field emitter capable of a uniform electron emission. A method for manufacturing a horizontally aligned carbon nanotube field emitter using electrophoresis includes the steps of: (a) dispersing a carbon nanotube powder and a dispersant into a solvent to prepare a carbon nanotube dispersion; (b) depositing the carbon nanotube dispersion on an electrode to form a carbon nanotube film using the first electrophoresis; (c) dissolving only a dispersant in the solvent to prepare a solution; (d) depositing the solution on the carbon nanotube film to form a dispersant layer using the second electrophoresis; (e) pressing a glass plate on the dispersant layer-covered carbon nanotube film to form a flat surface; (f) drying the dispersant layer-covered carbon nanotube film; and (g) heating the dispersant layer-covered carbon nanotube film to form many uniform cracks, and exposing torn or untorn carbon nanotubes having a clean surface between cracks to produce a carbon nanotube field emitter.


Using the separation method, the effect of 1D and 2D plasma non-uniformity on absolute instability (ABI) of electrostatic waves in a magnetized pumped plasma is investigated in plane geometry. The reflection of such waves along the waveguide is studied. Growth rates of the periodical and aperiodical ABI are reduced due to plasma nonuniformity.


Wind speed is a crucial parameter alongside coastal areas, especially Indonesia. Above average wind speed can cause harmful effects on human activities. This study uses wind speed data from Berakit Bay, Bintan Island is a potential location for coastal community settlement, fisheries, and tourist activities. The wind parameter then predicted using the Long Short-Term Memory or LSTM algorithm. This algorithm is able to study long-term dependencies by converting simple nervous system designs into specialized blocks containing cells. It is suitable to be applied to long-term wind predictions where the wind speed at this time is very influential with the wind speed in the future. In preparing the LSTM, the data preprocessing and the architecture used will determine the prediction results. In this study, four different architectures were made in order to determine the most optimal architecture. The results show that the LSTM architecture is able to obtain a relatively good RMSE value of 1.87 and an accuracy of 39.40% with the use of two LSTM layers, 256 units in the first layer and 128 in the second layer. The LSTM algorithm in predicting wind can also be applied to other areas in Indonesia.


Rhino cerebral orbital mucormycosis is an aggressively spreading fungal infection caused by filamentous fungi of the Mucoraceae family and is found to be more prone in patients with comorbidities that include: uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, immune-suppressed patients, iron and aluminum overload, chronic steroid therapy, severe trauma, and protein-energy malnutrition. A 51year old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a complaint of headache and intermittent fever. The patient had no history of diabetes or denovo hypertension. Based on the analysis of histopathological and radiological investigations, the patient was diagnosed with mucormycosis. The patient furthermore underwent an endoscopic surgical debridement followed by standard treatment including antifungal antibiotic(amphotericin-B) and azole antifungals Case Study Panduranga et al.; IJMPCR, 14(2): 14-19, 2021; Article no.IJMPCR.70822 15 (posaconazole) along with symptomatic treatment. Though the patient was given all possible therapy available, no improvement was seen in the patient's condition (poor prognosis).


The generalized inverse form of a rectangular descriptor system is proposed. Unlike the relationship between the inverse form and a regular descriptor system, controllability and observability of the generalized inverse form are not equivalent to C-controllability and C-observability of the original system. It can be also found that conditions for C-controllability and C-observability of a rectangular descriptor system are not dual under the generalized inverse form


Target audience. MR tagging enables to track material points through time. This is of special relevance, for instance, in the analysis of myocardial local motion, whose anomalies are directly related with impaired cardiac function. The HARP method for MR tagging makes possible a dense reconstruction of the deformation gradient tensor , from which measures of the myocardial strain can be computed. Nevertheless, without a proper reconstruction scheme, the strain estimation accomplished by HARP is prone to be corrupted by outliers caused by phase interferences and the application of a gradient operator. Purpose. The objective is to establish the first application on real data (to the best of our knowledge) of the method introduced in , Multi-oriented HARP (MOHARP), for reconstructing a robust measurement of the myocardial strain and its combination with the method proposed in , Windowed HARP (WHARP), for improving the precision of the strain estimation. Methods. The commonly used SPAMM technique for MR tagging is based on the application of a spatial modulation with wave vector ki = kiui, with ki its wave number and ui its orientation. For simplicity, we focus on the reconstruction of 2D HARP images, the 1-1 SPAMM and the stripe pattern case. Nevertheless, applications of the proposed methodology to other scenarios are straightforward. In 2 it was proposed an extension of the HARP formulation for reconstructing the deformation gradient tensor (in which 2 wave vectors are used) to those cases in which one acquires an overdetermined set of I > 2 wave vectors. This extension was validated on a synthetic model of motion where it proved to enhance the robustness of the results. On the other hand, in , the computation of the local phase involved in the HARP method was performed by using the Windowed Fourier Transform (WFT). For the validation of the combination of the proposed approaches on real data, we have acquired a medial slice of a MR SPAMM SENSE TFE sequence on a Philips Achieva 3T scanner. The image has a spatial resolution of 1.33×1.33 mm and a slice thickness of 8mm. The acquisition parameters are TE = 3.656 ms, TR = 6.027 ms and α = 10o. Regarding the tagging parameters, we fix a tag spacing of ki = k = 2π/λ, with λ = 7 mm and compare the results of acquiring different number of orientations ui = (cos(θi), sin(θi)) for the stripes. Namely, we consider four cases: (1) I = 2 with θ0 = 0o and θ1 = 90o (corresponding to the original HARP method); (2) I=3 with θ0 = -60o, θ1 = 0o and θ2 = 60o; (3) I=4 with θ0 = -45o, θ1 = 0o, θ2 = 45o and θ3 = 90o; and (4) I=6 with θ0 = -60o, θ1 = -30o, θ2 = 0o, θ3 =30o, θ4 = 60o and θ5 = 90o. Therefore the wave vectors span the plane uniformly. The target of the proposed procedure is to estimate the material deformation gradient tensor F at the end systolic phase. Once this tensor is estimated, we can compute the radial and circumferential components of the Green-Lagrange ejection strain tensor, E = 0.5(FF-Id), with Id the identity matrix. As for the MOHARP method, we have used a least absolute deviation based reconstruction . Regarding the WHARP method we have resorted to an analysis Gaussian window of size 32×32 . Results. Due to the lack of a ground truth of the myocardial deformation, we evaluate the stability of the estimation of F against different bandwidths of the HARP k-space filter. The normalized radius of the filter is defined as r = ρ/k , with ρ its radius. The results are included in Fig. 1, where we have computed the mean and median values (among all the pixels in the myocardium) of the Fröbenius norm of the difference between the two estimations of F obtained with radii r-d and r+d (the y axis is shown in a logarithmic scale for a better visualization). In addition, in Fig. 2 we include the results of the estimation of the radial (RR) and circumferential (CC) components of E for the HARP, WHARP, MOHARP and MOWHARP methods. The radius of the HARP filter has been selected by visual inspection and we have observed that it coincides with the optimal values obtained by simulation in [3], respectively r = 0.3 and r = 0.4 with and without windowing. The number of stripes in the multi-oriented case is I = 6. We also include in Fig. 2 the entropy (H) and excess kurtosis (eK) of the distribution of strain values for each case. Discussion. The major comments about the results in Fig. 1 are (1) the mean values decrease by increasing I, which reflects that the presence of outliers is accordingly reduced; (2) the median values generally decrease by increasing I except for the case of I=3 and I=4 orientations, which could be explained by the fact that the acquisitions with patterns oriented along the image information encoding directions (0o and 90o) are of less quality in order to estimate the deformation; and (3) the WHARP method tends to be more stable than the HARP method for small and medium bandwidths and the opposite occurs for large bandwidths. Regarding Fig. 2, the main conclusions are (1) the HARP and WHARP results present more outliers as given by the presence of values outside the realistic ranges, the large values of eK and the larger values of H with respect to their multi-oriented counterparts, which indicates a poorly concentrated distribution of strain; and (2) comparing the MOHARP and MOWHARP methods, the results of the radial component of the strain are better distributed through the realistic range of strain values in the MOWHARP case than in the MOHARP, which seems unable to recover those zones in which this parameter takes large values. Conclusion. We have reported the first results on real images of a new method for myocardial strain tensor reconstruction. We believe that the proposed methodology brings new opportunities in the design of SPAMM acquisition sequences for strain imaging, especially when combined with modern acquisition protocols . The overload introduced by gathering an overdetermined set of stripes can be compensated by the acquisition of a reduced subset of the k-space in order to reconstruct the local phase . Consequently, new families of acquisition protocols can potentially be designed for motion sensitive MR imaging, which could simultaneously improve the resolution, robustness and precision in the analysis of motion. References. 1. Osman, N.F., McVeigh, E.R., Prince, J.L., IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., 19(3):186-202; 2000. 2. Cordero-Grande, L., Alberola-López, C., ISMRM: 458; 2012. 3. Cordero-Grande, L., Vegas-Sánchez-Ferrero, et alt., IEEE ISBI: 520-523; 2011. 4. Rutz, A.K., Ryf, S., et alt., Magn. Res. Med., 59:755-763; 2008. 5. Sampath, S., Derbyshire, et alt., ISMRM: 111; 2001. Acknowledgements. This work was partially supported by the MICIIN and the FEDER under grant TEC2010-17982, by the ISCIII under grant PI11-01492, by the Junta de Castilla y León under grant VA136U13 and by the UVa under a FPI-UVa-2012 grant. The authors also acknowledge the EC for grant FP7-223920. Fig. 1. Stability of the deformation gradient tensor against the radius of the HARP filter.


This study seeks to uncover the effects of source and repetition on the illusory truth effect and the dissemination of fake news on social media with an online experiment. This study found that in a personalized source system where trustworthy traditional news sources and personal contacts converged on social media, repetition has a big influence on the trustworthiness of news source and balance of news story. Although most people intend to share real news stories with balance, the illusory truth effect causes mis-judgement, which makes fake news more likely to go viral than real news. The multi-group SEM analysis of the two groups – without source and with source – showed that readers in the no source group rated the effect of repetition on news evaluation as more significant than the with source group. The findings suggest that the effect of source has diminished in the evaluation of news quality. However, sharers on social media are becoming more influential.


Publisher's copyright statement: © The author. This article is published using the Creative Copyright (by-nc-nd). (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). The definitive version of this article is published by Radical Politics Today, 2009 and is available at: http://www.spaceofdemocracy.org/word%20docs%20linked%20to/Uploaded%20May%202009/Out hwaite/Radical%20Politics%20Today,%20William%20Outhwaite,%20May%202009.pdf Always use the definitive version when citing.


SIR, – The correspondence regarding serum cytotoxicity in the virus neutralisation (VN) test for antibodies to equine arteritis virus (EAV) has been very interesting, particularly the letter from [Cullinane (2004)][1], which raised the issue of complement.

In our laboratory, we have been using


Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is a migratory fish commercially exploited due to high export value. Presence of parasites in fish lead to economic losses in the export market and public health issues. This study was conducted to identify the parasite larvae inhabiting swordfish and to determine its phylogenetic origin using ribosomal subunit gene sequence. Parasite samples were extracted from swordfish muscles and five larvae belong to Molicola genus, confirmed by scolex morphology, were used for genomic DNA extraction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) subunit genes followed by Sanger sequencing. DNA sequences were edited by BioEdit software and assembled by CLC genomics version 8.0. Consensus sequences were aligned with NCBI blast to determine the species status. Isolated larval sequences were best aligned with genus Molicola followed by genus Gymnorhyncha.  Out of the two published Molicola rRNA gene sequences, 99% identity was observed with Molicola sp. HP5 isolate from Indonesia. Due to lack of sequence data on other Molicola species (except M. thyristes) for comparison, our sequences were published as Molicola sp. Sri Lankan isolates. This is the first record of Molicola sp. in swordfish from Sri Lanka and the results will enhance the knowledge on the distribution of Molicola species while contributing to expand the genetic information on rRNA coding sequences.


Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively recent therapeutic approach to the treatment of traumatic memories in the wake of psychological trauma such as those found in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is based on the theory that bilateral stimulation, mostly in the form of eye movements, allows the processing of traumatic memories. While the patient focuses on specific images, negative sensations and associated cognitions, bilateral stimulation is applied to desensitise the individual to these memories and more positive sensations and cognitions are introduced. Although there is still uncertainty about the theoretical concepts underlying EMDR and the role of bilateral stimulation, it is an effective and proven treatment for PTSD and traumatic memories. It should form part of treatment approaches offered to individuals with PTSD.


With the deregulation of electricity markets, short‐term load forecasting (STLF) has gained importance for the operation of power systems. However, an effective STLF model is hard to achieve as the load is affected by various factors. Here we present a STLF method based on similar day approach to predict the electricity usage 24 h ahead and by employing long short‐term memory (LSTM) and wavelet transform to further improve the forecasting accuracy. Compared with other methods, the proposed method achieves higher accuracy, and brings out the significance of using similar day's load, wavelet transform, and LSTM network. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.


In a batch system, The Cu(II) preconcentration parameters were optimized using chitosan-crosslinked dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (CS-DCMC). The experiment was started with the oxidation of carboxymethyl cellulose by periodate to form DCMC. The CS-DCMC adsorbent was then prepared with a mass ratio of CS-DCMC=1:1. The adsorbent is characterized by FTIR for functional group analysis and SEM-EDX for morphological analysis and the percentage of elements in CS-DCMC adsorbent. In the optimization of preconcentration parameters, the optimal adsorption, desorption, and enrichment factors were obtained at pH 4, adsorbent mass of 90 mg, adsorption time of 95 min, Cu(II) concentrations of 7 mg/L, and Na2EDTA 1 M. The application of CS-DCMC on wastewater containing Cu(II) under optimal conditions gave good results. Wastewater containing Cu(II) 0.1 mg/L can be concentrated to 0.53 mg/L with an enrichment factor of 5.26 times, 0.2 mg/L Cu(II) can be concentrated to 1.08 mg/L with an enrichment factor of 5.40 times, and 0.3 mg/L Cu(II) can be concentrated to 1.68 mg/L with an enrichment factor of 5.59 times. The enrichment factor obtained is almost close to the theoretical enrichment factor of 6 times.


In this work we present a comparative study on the efficiency of surface modifications of Copper/Polystyrene (Cu/PS) nanocomposite films, induced by N2 DC plasma and gamma radiation to enhance their surfaces' antibacterial activity. Cu/PS nanocomposite films, with different concentrations of copper 0.4, 0.8 and 1 wt.%, were prepared by the solution casting method at room temperature. The samples were exposed to gamma with different radiation doses and N2 DC plasma for different treatment time. The structural and morphological properties of the samples were investigated before and after treatment by, water contact angle measurements, weight loss and scanning electron microscopy. The surface of the films were found to be more sensitive to N2 DC plasma than gamma radiation. The antibacterial properties of Cu/PS nanocomposite films against Staphylococcus aureus 15 have been evaluated by the optical density and colony forming unit's techniques. The results indicated that the N2 DC plasma treatment enhanced the antibacterial properties more than gamma radiation.


Park and Dejnakarintra [1973] presented a formulation to calculate high-altitude electric fields due to electrified clouds, taking into account the presence of the ionosphere. Calculation of these fields is necessary to test the hypothesis that whistler ducts might be caused by plasma interchange of geomagnetic flux tubes driven by thundercloud electrostatic fields. To test the accuracy of the formulation, the calculated dc electric fields are compared with those measured during a thunderstorm campaign reported by Holzworth et al. [1985]. Using a conductivity profile measured during their campaign, it is shown that the formulation of Park and Dejnakarintra produces electric field predictions which are consistent with the measurements of Holzworth et al. This indicates the formulation developed by Park and Dejnakarintra is valid. The comparisons agree with measurements which show that large negative screening charges commonly exist around the top of thunderclouds, reducing the high altitude fields. These calculations indicate that the effective thunderstorm charge used in such calculations needs to be significantly reduced to account for screening charges. Such reductions lead to serious increases (up to a factor of 10) in the time required for high-altitude thunderstorm electric fields to produce whistler ducts.


Preface I. Introduction Chapter 1: Social Change, Social Problems and 21st Century Social Marketing Chapter 2: Creating and Framing the Agenda II. Social Problems and the Role of Social Marketing Chapter 3: The Structure of Social Problems Chapter 4: The Role of Social Marketing Chapter 5: Setting Priorities with Social Marketing III. Upstream Applications Chapter 6: Beyond Downstream Interventions: Influencing Communities Chapter 7: Structural Change: Influencing Law Makers and Regulators Chapter 8: Structural Change: Recruiting Business Allies Chapter 9: Recruiting Allies in the Media and Health-Care Communities IV. Conclusions Chapter 10: Repositioning Social Marketing for the 21st Century


The computer model that allows predicting the temperature distribution during local ion nitriding with hollow cathode effect (HCE) and depth of the diffusion zone after the treatment was developed. The influence of the HCE on the temperature distribution for the gear was studied. Investigation results of the hollow cathode effect influence on the hardened layer depth for a sample of 38KhMYuA steel are presented.


coordinate foreign and military policy; too passive and negative a conception of defense; insufficient material; deep-rooted social and political divisions diminishing the national will to resistance; a false sense of security—"a Maginot Line in the Mind"—to which must be added the superior resources, organization, and striking power of the enemy. The lessons for America are made clarion clear. The basic failures chronicled by Armstrong are dual—failure of political imagination to foresee inescapable consequences, and failure of national will to act in time. To this reviewer the chronicler's incisive analyses appear both penetrating and admonitory. It is to be hoped that they will not prove retrospectively to have been undecipherable Handwriting on the Wall.


The changing conditions of SO2were measured during the storage of beer,while the evolution of acetaldehyde,diacetyl and other beer flavoring substances were also determined.The result showed that adding SO2 to the beer could effectively improve the flavor stability of beer.


Objective
To investigate the heterogeneity of the left ventricular reference value in echocardiography mesurements by Meta analysis.

Methods
A literature retrieval in PubMed, Embase, Medline and other databases from January 2005 to September 2017 related to left ventricular normal reference value in healthy adults was performed. Cohrane′s Q test was used to test the heterogeneity, and I2 was used as a statistic for the description of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and Meta regression were used to analyze the sources of heterogeneity.

Results
The Meta analysis enrolled 9 studies including 5 933 normal cases. The heterogeneity test showed that the left ventricular normal reference value of echocardiography was highly heterogeneous among the studies. In subgroup analysis, some measurements′ heterogeneity were significantly reduced. Meta regression analysis showed that the contribution of racial specificity to heterogeneity was relatively high in some measurements.

Conclusions
The heterogeneity of left ventricle is mainly related to racial specificity, but it cannot fully explain the heterogeneity between studies. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the involved factors of heterogeneity of left ventricular normal reference values.

Key words:
Echocardiography; Ventricular function, left; Reference values; Heterogeneity; Meta-analysis


The sorption behaviour of several metal ions on poly(ethyleneimine) resin cross-linked with ethylene dibromide was examined. The resin was applied to the separation of Cu and Ni, the determination of Cu and Ni in CoSO4.7H2O and the concentration of copper from dilute solutions by column operation.


The advance through Noord-Brabant constituted the main effort of the German attack on the Netherlands. One of the missions of the German army elements that carried out this attack was to penetrate Fortress Holland and those at Dordrecht to cross the Oude Maas. The area in which the Ist and IInd battalions of the 1st Parachute Regiment were to land according to the plans was defended by Dutch troops belonging to what was known as the Kil Group. The German airborne operations in the attack on Denmark and Norway, the defences at the airfields around The Haguethe seat of governmentwere reinforced. The Island of Dordrecht was lost to the Dutch troops, they had to pull out all the stops to destroy the Moerdijk bridges and thus halt the advance of the rest of the 9th Panzer Division. The bombardment of the city of Rotterdam merely hastened the already inevitable defeat. Keywords: 9th Panzer division; Dordrecht; Dutch troops; German airborne landings; German troops; Kil group; Moerdijk bridges; Rotterdam


This text introduced the characteristics of " The chemistry and physics of polymers" and of the exercises software,the development of the exercises software is also introduced.


The invention discloses a vehicle air conditioning system and a method for removing dust and mold from the vehicle air conditioning system. The vehicle air conditioning system comprises an air supply pipeline with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein air entering the air supply pipeline from the air inlet can be refrigerated or heated therein to provide corresponding cold air or hot air into a carriage of a vehicle through the air outlet; the air outlet of the air supply pipeline comprises a first air outlet, a second air outlet and a valve component, wherein the first air outlet is opened towards the inside of the carriage of the vehicle; the second air outlet is opened towards the outside of the carriage; the valve component is used for selectively closing and opening the first air outlet and the second air outlet. The vehicle air conditioning system provided by the invention can remove dust and mold therein before an air conditioner is turned on, so that the air blown out from the air conditioner is guaranteed to be clean and the comfort of the inside of the carriage is improved.


It is the important step to strengthen the college students' party general branch construction for the student work and party construction in university. Based on the author's study and practice, This paper analyses the importance of strengthening the college students' party general branch in the new situation. It also discusses about how to develop the function of fortress of the party general branch and points out some questions about the college students' party general branch construction for further discussion.


The reaction of the bulky ynamine PhC≡C−NiPr2 with terminal phosphinidene complexes [RP−W(CO)5] affords the corresponding phosphirenes for R = Ph and OMe and the diphosphetene for R = Me. The structure of the 1-phenyl-phosphirene shows elongated P−C(N) and C═C ring bonds. The reaction of this phosphirene with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate gives the phosphole resulting from the insertion of the alkyne into the P−C(N) bond and the tetrafunctional arene resulting from the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of one alkyne with two phosphirenes.


This article present the essential role of the customs administration in the implementation of diverse politics of the government, particularly those related to the promotion and at the development of the national production. This role is reflected in the customs facilitation implemented by the customs administration for the benefit of enterprises, namely the simplification of customs clearance procedures, customs procedures with economic impact, and the device of the Authorized Economic Operator. These facilitations aim at the improvement of the competitiveness of companies and its support on the international market and promotion of exportation. Thus, our work aimed at evaluating the existing facilities


Emergent forms of political protest and constitution often provide limit cases for their contemporary theoretical models, and transnational protest movements from Occupy to Democracy in Europe 2025 are no exception. The recent special issue of the Journal of International Political Theory offers a number of different conceptual paths towards understanding these developments, revising and refreshing categories like civil disobedience, opposition, resistance, as well as constituent and destituent power. However, the plurality of perspectives in the special issue leads to a certain degree of uncertainty in the use of terms. This response to the special issue begins with a reflection on its major conceptual developments, addresses the missed encounter with Giorgio Agamben's theory of 'destituent potential' and develops a framework for contrasting different theoretical approaches to political protest and constitution through their relation to potentiality. This taxonomy of emergent forms of political protest and constitution complements the substantial theoretical developments undertaken in the special issue by making the important conceptual relationships between them more readily visible. As well, by demonstrating the applicability of potentiality to the study of International Relations, this framework contributes to the project of the theoretical investigation of international politics.


Papers were presented by international scholars in the area of novel materials and their synthesis. This Special Issue is a collection of the peer-reviewed 25 papers from the Conferences of 8th and 9th IUPAC International Conference on Novel Materials and their Synthesis (NMS-VIII and NMSIX), which was held during 2012 and 2013 in China. It is well known that innovation is the main drive to push the development of science and technology in our daily life. These two conferences cover the following fields:


Affect recognition is a difficult problem that most often relies on human annotated data to train automated systems. As humans perceive emotion differently based on personality, cognitive state and past experiences, it is important to collect rankings from multiple individuals to assess the emotional content in corpora, which are later aggregated with rules such as majority vote. With the increased use of crowdsourcing services for perceptual evaluations, collecting large amount of data is now feasible. It becomes important to question the amount of data needed to create well-trained classifiers. How different are the aggregated labels collected from five raters compared to the ones obtained from twenty evaluators? Is it worthwhile to spend resources to increase the number of evaluators beyond those used in conventional/laboratory studies? This study evaluates the consensus labels obtained by incrementally adding new evaluators during perceptual evaluations. Using majority vote over categorical emotional labels, we compare the changes in the aggregated labels starting with one rater, and finishing with 20 raters. The large number of evaluators in a subset of the MSP-IMPROV database and the ability to filter annotators by quality allows us to better understand label aggregation as a function of the number of annotators.


An efficient and cost-effective method for the preparation of fluorinated conjugated enynes was described. The method was compatible with a variety of functional groups such as chloride, amine, cyano and ester group. The method could also be extended to t


This book is an introduction to contract law and the standard forms of contract used in civil engineering projects. The first part of the book provides the principles of contract law, including privity, formation contract and implied terms, exclusion, limitation and indemnity and the features of contracts. Discussion of the main forms of contract form part two of the book. Chapter headings are: (1) Introduction; (2) General principles of contract law; (3) The scope and quality of agreed work; (4) Payment in accordance with the contract; (5) Time for performance; (6) The contract and third parties; (7) Miscellaneous matters associated with civil engineering contracts; (8) Extra-contractual entitlements; (9) Civil engineering professional services contracts; (10) Civil engineering claims: entitlements and evaluations; (11) Dispute resolution; (12) Types of civil engineering contract; (13) The ICE Conditions of Contract - measurement version (7th edn 1999); (14) The Engineering and Construction Contract (2nd edn and short contract); (15) Dispute resolution procedures. A list of the standard forms of contracts by publisher is given as Appendix A. The author is a chartered civil engineer, barrister and academic.


An estimation methodology to deal with fractionally integrated processes of Ornstein- Uhlenbeck type is proposed. The methodology is based on the continuous Whittle contrast. A simulation study is performed by driving this process with a symmetric CGMY background Levy process.


The current paper deals with firstly the optimized SMT to assemble various types of QFN (Quad Flat Non- leaded) packages. The important SMT factors such as solder pad and stencil designs will be discussed. Secondly and more importantly, this paper will detail the comprehensive experiment and simulation work done for QFN solder joint reliability modeling. A curve fitted fatigue correlation model together with the use of Schubert's hyperbolic sine lead-free solder constitutive model will be proposed for accurate QFN solder joint reliability prediction.


Seismic strengthening renovation construction of XIAMEN Art Theater is an important cultural facility renovation project of Xiamen City. Good quality and completion on schedule were achieved with effective management and strict supervision from the aspects of test, appraisal, design and construction. The success of this project provides other similar projects in Xiamen City with very helpful experiences.


This paper describes the theoretical background and implementation methodology of using a thermoelectric converter (TEC) for operating temperature control of a loop heat pipe (LHP). In particular, experimental results from ambient and thermal vacuum tests of an LHP are presented for illustrations. The most commonly used state-of-the-art method to control the LHP operating temperature is to cold bias its compensation chamber (CC) and use an electrical heater to maintain the CC at the desired set point temperature. Although effective, this approach has its shortcomings in that the electrical heater can only provide heating to the CC, and the required power can be large under certain conditions. An alternative method is to use a TEC, which is capable of providing both heating and cooling to the CC. In this method, one side of the TEC is attached to the CC, and the other side is connected to the evaporator via a thermal strap. Using a bipolar power supply and a control algorithm, a TEC can function as a heater or a cooler, depending on the direction of the current flow. Extensive ground tests of several LHPs have demonstrated that a TEC can provide very tight temperature control for the CC. It also offers several additional advantages: (1) The LHP can operate at temperatures below its natural operating temperature at low heat loads; (2) The required heater power for a TEC is much less than that for an electrical heater; and (3) It enhances the LHP start-up success. Although the concept of using a TEC for LHP temperature control is simple, there are many factors to be considered in its implementation for space applications. In particular, a saddle is required in order to attach the TEC to the cylindrical CC, and the TEC must be secured to sustain shear stress induced during the spacecraft launch. The thermal resistance between the TEC and the CC through the TEC/saddle assembly will affect the TEC thermal performance. Some experiences and lessons learned are addressed in this paper.


A milk beer is proportionally prepared from fresh milk whey, composite milk wine yeast, malt, beer hop, beer yeast, purified water and other auxiliaries through sterilizing milk, cooling, extracting casein, sterilizing whey liquid, cooling, fermenting, adding composite milk wine yeast, fermenting, adding malt and hop, saccharifying, fermenting, adding beer yeast and fermenting. Its advantages are refreshing milk smell, and rich nutrients including ammino acids, vitamines, carotene, etc.


The air environmental quality of Ma′anshan City in Anhui Province was investigated by using of the Air Pollution Index (API) method. The result showed that the air environmental quality at Ma'anshan City during 1997-2000 was Ⅱ-Ⅰ grade (the air quality is just good), and the critical pollutants were TSP or NOx. Compared with other methods, the usage of API method may accurately reveal and easily calculate the degree of air pollution, and let the local residences and environmental personnel clearly understand the circumstance of air pollution.


Venous congestion is the principle cause of flap failure after microsurgical breast reconstruction. We aim to correlate preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings with postoperative venous congestion to predict patients at risk of congestion.


There have been many recent articles in this journal highlighting simple demonstrations of a wide variety of acoustic phenomena. In introductory physics courses, sound waves and their propagation through air, and resonance in musical instruments, are covered in detail. However, attention is not usually paid to the active role that our ears play in transforming sound waves to create various types of combination tones. Furthermore, many physics textbooks mention that pitch is related to frequency, but do not elaborate on the specifics of the relationship. Teaching the physics behind combination tones allows for an excellent application of physics to biology, and is also an interesting way of exploring the relationship between frequency and pitch. In the first part of the paper, the physics of human hearing and the theory behind combination tones is introduced. In the second part of the paper, demonstrations are outlined and the results are presented.There have been many recent articles in this journal highlighting simple demonstrations of a wide variety of acoustic phenomena. In introductory physics courses, sound waves and their propagation through air, and resonance in musical instruments, are covered in detail. However, attention is not usually paid to the active role that our ears play in transforming sound waves to create various types of combination tones. Furthermore, many physics textbooks mention that pitch is related to frequency, but do not elaborate on the specifics of the relationship. Teaching the physics behind combination tones allows for an excellent application of physics to biology, and is also an interesting way of exploring the relationship between frequency and pitch. In the first part of the paper, the physics of human hearing and the theory behind combination tones is introduced. In the second part of the paper, demonstrations are outlined and the results are presented.


The article is devoted to the study of the processes of the modern world education system in the conditions of globalization. The influence of globalization tendencies on processes in societies in conditions of transformation of transitive systems is considered. The necessity of pluralism of paradigms in the development of new approaches to the subject of education is substantiated.


The transient pressure variations in the tunnel and the carriage are simulated by using three-dimensional numerical simulation method and dynamic mesh technique when the train passes through the middle ventilation shaft in the urban subway tunnel.Based on the simulation results,the characteristics of the transient pressure variation in the carriage are analyzed under different train speeds and different sealing performance of the train.At the mean time,the conditions are achieved if necessary civil engineering measures are required for reducing the pressure variation in the carriages to meet the occupant comfort requirements when the train passes through the middle ventilation shaft in the urban subway tunnel.The results are beneficial to the design of the environmental control system of urban subway tunnels.


Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October, 1992, the variation of PHC content in the surface and bottom layers and the deposition process were studied. According to the definition and model of Content Change Angle of Dongfang Yang, the calculation results show that in the surface water, the Content Change Angle of Dongfang Yang is - 0.34° from May to August, and 0.28° from August to October. In the bottom water, from May to August, the Content Change Angle of Dongfang Yang is - 0.91°, and from August to October, the Content Change Angle of Dongfang Yang is 0.22°.According to the scale of time and space, in May, the oil spills transported PHC content to Jiaozhou Bay, but in August, there was no PHC content from any sources. From May to August, PHC content decreased slowly and to a relatively low level. In October, open seas currents transported PHC content to Jiaozhou Bay. From August to October, PHC content increased slowly and to a higher level. After PHC content passed through the water body, from May to August, the settling PHC content in bottom increased slowly and the increase was relatively small. From August to October, the settling PHC content in bottom increased a little slowly. Therefore, the author puts forward the change process of the material content transported from sources in water bodies: when materials are transported to a water body from sources, the material content in the surface of the water body will rise faster than that in the bottom, and the material content in both the surface and the bottom will start to rise slowly. When materials are not transported to a water body from sources, the material content in the bottom of the water body will decline faster than that in the surface of the water body, and the material content in both the surface water body and the bottom water body will begin to decline slowly.


The thesis compares Military Science of Sun Tzu on Bamboo-slips with the current version Sun Tzu based on Sun Tzu Annotated by Cao Cao,launches the discussion focusing on the interpretation of "defence" in Dispositions,and holds that the national strategy of defeating the enemy without combats and targeting homeland defence is in line with Sun Tzu's original intention.Therefore,the nonexistence of " being adept in attack" in the original version of Sun Tzu is not supposed to be haplography or error words.Instead,it represents the essential phrase of Military Science of Sun Tzu.In this way,the context can be threaded together.


Lamb waves have proven to be a valuable tool for structural health monitoring (SHM) of plate-like structures susceptible to degradation and failure. It is well-known that their multi-modal propagation characteristic could be both a challenge and an opportunity. Piezoelectric transducers are widely used in SHM applications because of their low cost, small profile and high electromechanical coupling. Properly designing a piezoelectric transducer to excite a particular mode is of great importance to successful SHM practice. Mode tuning capability of piezoelectric transducers has been studied both theoretically and experimentally in the literature for exciting A0 and S0 modes. However, the higher order Lamb waves are not fully studied for their tuning capability. Also, the transducer is usually modeled separately from the waveguide and their coupling is through the in-plane surface traction. This assumption may induce inaccuracy if the dynamics of the actuator are not negligible. Additionally, the driving cir...


Studies have found that there is a positive relationship between the number of student visits to campus recreation and academic outcomes such as rates of graduation and grade point average (Huesman, Brown, Lee, Kellogg, & Radcliffe, 2009). Despite the strong correlation between use of fitness facilities and academic performance some students choose not to visit, while some who use the facilities may not be maximizing such use due to constraints (barriers). The purpose of this study was to understand the constraints to using the campus recreation facility at a midsized New England university. Moreover, this study sought to understand the types of management actions that would help increase use of the recreation center by current users. An online survey was distributed to a random sample (N = 2,400) of all campus recreation visitors in fall of 2013 using a modified Dillman method of distribution (2009). A total of 882 respondents completed the survey for a response rate of nearly 37%. Important results from this study included that female students were much more likely than male students to report being constrained by not knowing how to use the free weight section safely (M = 3.40, SD = 1.143; M = 2.68, SD = 1.166, respectively) and that male students suggested that they were more likely to participate than female students (M = 3.07, SD = 1.182; M = 2.96, SD = 1.235, respectively) at the Student Recreation Center (SRC) if they were not as involved with other activities. This information can be used to guide the expansion planning of future SRC projects and to help improve the participation habits of students at the case institution.


Echolocating greater horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) emit biosonar pulses through nostril. The nostrilis surrounded by sophisticated and delicate appendages, i.e. noseleaf. It is known that the static part of noseleaf can cause different effects on bat biosonar pulse. In addition, the dynmaic noseleaf was found to be able to shape their emission beam. For detailed investigation of the effects of dynamic lancet on the ultrasonic beam, a 3D noseleaf model was constructed using the micro CT scanning of the noseleaf samples, and a simple model was constructed digitally for comparison. The model consists of two parts, for which one is the triangle on the top and the other one is the rectangle at the bottom. Quantitative numerical investigation on the lancet dynamic effect on the ultrasonic beam was performed using finite element analysis for both models.


We report our experience with fractures of the orbital floor over the past five years, reporting 80 cases. Different anatomic and clinical forms were defined, particularly trap-door fractures. After a clinical and computed tomography study, we recommend treatment with Teflon implants. Results obtained were analyzed and compared with other series in the literature.


A worker in the nose department of a largely attended general hospital has not to wait long before he comes up against some unpleasant accident following such a simple procedure as antrum puncture, or an attempted puncture. Fortunately most of these accidents are trivialMishaps like the entry of the trocar into the opposite wall resulting in infiltration and emphysema of soft parts of the cheek and orbit are such as can usually be avoided through judicious care, and' tend to decrease as the experience of the operator increases. There are other accidents, however, that are beyond the operator's control; examples are cocaine poisoning, or the reflex irritation of vagus through the maxmary uivision 01 vn^ fifth cranial nerve. Under the same heading, but in ? more serious category, are grouped cases due to vagal shock or apoplexy resulting in death, and cases of air embolism which may or may not be fatal. Air embolism, first reported by Hajek (1926) in 1907, is one of the


This research is of current importance because it is necessary to give to the students some moral senses of being. Various directions of human thought can be noted in history of philosophy. Throughout the history of existence of the mankind people searched for moral guidelines. It is important to determine in what way modern students develop thinking and suggest possible directions for further formation of their consciousness. The pragmatic method of perception and cognition of the world, human and sciences is explored in this research. The term "pragmatism" comes from the Greek word «praxis» that means "action". Words such as "practice" and "practical" are descended from the same Greek word. "Pragmatism" was applied to the basics of some sciences. Things that a person can learn, confirm, reinforce and check are verity for a pragmatic person. "Reality" or "objects" give to a man sensual things or following relationship: date, location, distance, labor, work. Pragmatic method accepts not only direct but also indirect testing of truth. In the situation where the whole set of circumstances gives the researcher a sufficient guarantee it is not obligatory for him to see everything himself. But here we have in mind only the area of facts. Pragmatism has an impact on students in the theoretical and, above all, in practical terms. All human thinking becomes discursive. People exchange ideas in social communication, check them out. Pragmatism accepts only convenient (expedient) in the form of human thinking, and "fair" is just a convenient way in human behavior. Therefore, in the context of education, it is important to give the students some guidelines. These may include basic spiritual values, realized in the creative professional activity of a student.


In this work, we report the design and fabrication of hierarchical NiCo2S4@polypyrrole (PPy) core–shell hybrid nanosheet arrays on Ni foam as a novel battery-type electrode using a facile hydrothermal and electrodeposition strategy. The conductive and electroactive PPy layers are deliberately coated on the backbones of interconnected NiCo2S4 nanosheets to significantly boost the energy storage capacity. The resulting NiCo2S4@PPy hybrid electrode exhibits an enhanced areal capacity (800 mA h cm 2 at 5 mA cm ) and good rate capability. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) device is assembled by employing NiCo2S4@PPy and activated carbon as the positive and negative electrodes, achieving high energy density (60.8 W h kg 1 at 200 W kg ) and high power density (4362 W kg 1 at 31 W h kg ), as well as excellent cycling stability (98.3% retention over 3000 cycles at 20 mA cm ). Moreover, two HSC devices can easily light 38 LEDs efficiently, demonstrating the great potential of this core–shell hybrid nanostructure toward practical applications in energy storage devices.


Objective: To assess the outcomes of treating thoracolumbar burst fracture with posterior short-segment pedicle instrumentation.Methods: The clinical data were reviewed in 50 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures undergone posterior short-segment pedicle fixation.Results: All patients were followed up ranging from 8 months to 5 years with mean duration of 2.6 years,and the findings suggested that the kyphosis and vertebral angle and height were corrected,with satisfactory volume of vertebral canal by postoperative CT scanning in all patients.According to Frankel ranking,the patients showed no neurological function change by grade A and E and had functional recovery by remaining grades with the degree ranging from 1 to 2.Conclusion: Short-segment pedicle screw fixation is effective for treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.


This article follows the study of the anti-politics machine that explains why and how developmental projects fail, in the context of a little drought-stricken Karoo town called Vanwyksvlei, Northern Cape. The five (corporate) social responsibility programmes, under the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) in South Africa, can be considered a failure and this reveals 'mismatches' and contradictions in what is considered 'development' between Vanwyksvlei's residents and SKA. With ethnographic methods, semi-structured interviews and textual analysis, the 'anti-politics machine' is useful in deconstructing and depoliticising the relationship among developmental actors involved in the five programmes. Firstly, deconstructing and depoliticising the five programmes attempts to explain the success–failure binary of development that points to critiquing the development discourse from problem-orientated to a problem-solving orientation. Secondly, Habermas' theory of communicative action aids in the quest of consensus through deliberative and negotiation strategies between local people, national governments and global organisations. Lastly, the significance of the anti-politics machine goes beyond accounting for the five failed corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes and extends to the recognition of local sphere, not only to depoliticise the politics of astronomy knowledge with indigenous insight, but also assist in the urgency of water supply.


THIS PAPER DEALS WITH THE APPLICATION OF SELECTED CONCEPTS OF PEDOLOGY TO HIGHWAY SOIL-ENGINEERING PROBLEMS. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON THE NATURAL DRAINAGE INDEX OF A SOIL TYPE AS AN INDICATOR OF ITS PROBABLE PERFORMANCE AS A HIGHWAY SUBGRADE. THE REPORT IS BASED ON A STUDY OF REPRESENTATIVE SOILS OF THE GLACIATED PORTION OF WISCONSIN. BECAUSE OF THE SEVERE CLIMATE, FROST ACTION IN SOILS IS A MAJOR CONSIDERATION IN THE DESIGN OF HIGHWAYS IN THIS STATE. THE NATURAL DRAINAGE INDEX IS PRIMARILY A FUNCTION OF THE TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION OF THE SOIL TYPE AND OF THE TEXTURE OR TEXTURES OF ITS PROFILE. THE SOIL ASSOCIATION IS A GROUP OF SOILS THAT COMMONLY OCCUR THROUGHOUT A SOIL REGION. THE INDIVIDUAL SOIL TYPES WITHIN THIS ASSOCIATION MAY VARY WITH RESPECT TO TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION, TEXTURE, OR BOTH. THEREFORE, EACH SOIL WITHIN THIS ASSOCIATION HAS ITS PARTICULAR DRAINAGE INDEX. FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES, THESE INDICES RANGE FROM EXCESSIVELY DRAINED TO VERY-POORLY DRAINED. THE HIGHWAY ENGINEER PROBABLY WILL INTERPRET THESE TERMS DIFFERENTLY, BUT THE DRAINAGE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE SOILS ARE USEFUL, NEVERTHELESS. SOIL SAMPLES WERE TAKEN FROM SELECTED HORIZONS OF 19 SOIL TYPES. EACH PROFILE WAS ASSIGNED A GENERALIZED FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY RATING ON THE BASIS OF THE RATING OF EACH OF ITS HORIZONS. WHEN THESE RATINGS ARE COMPARED WITH THE DRAINAGE INDEX, IT IS SHOWN THAT THE SOILS THAT ARE LEAST SUSCEPTIBLE TO FROST ACTION USUALLY OCCUPY THE BETTER DRAINED POSITIONS, AND THE SOILS THAT ARE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO FROST ACTION ARE IN THE INTERMEDIATE TO POORLY DRAINED POSITIONS. ANOTHER PHASE OF THE STUDY WAS CONCERNED WITH OBSERVATIONS OF PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE OVER SEVERAL TYPES OF SOIL. ON ONE STUDY SECTION, THE ACTUAL AMOUNT OF LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE CRACKING WAS DETERMINED FOR EACH OF THE SEVERAL SOIL TYPES TRAVERSED BY THE PAVEMENT. THIS PAVEMENT BROKE UP THE MOST WHERE LAID OVER POORLY DRAINED SOILS AND PERFORMED BETTER ON THE BETTER-DRAINED SOILS. ON ANOTHER STUDY SECTION, CERTAIN SEGMENTS OF THE PAVEMENT HAD BEEN RESURFACED. WHEN THESE SEGMENTS ARE PLOTTED ON THE SOIL MAP, IT IS SHOWN THAT RESURFACING WAS NOT GENERALLY REQUIRED OVER THE WELL-DRAINED SOILS, THAT RESURFACING ALONE WAS REQUIRED OVER THE INTERMEDIATE SOILS, AND THAT RESURFACING PLUS A NEW BASE WAS REQUIRED OVER THE POORLY-DRAINED SOILS. THE RESULTS OF THIS INVESTIGATION INDICATE THAT THE DRAINAGE INDEX OF THE SOIL TYPE MAY BE OF CONSIDERABLE VALUE IN SOIL ENGINEERING. THIS IS BORNE OUT BY THE CORRELATIONS WITH ACCEPTED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS AND WITH THE ACTUAL PERFORMANCE OF SOILS AS A SUBGRADE. /AUTHOR/


Abstract:  The impact of IVIg on metastatic capacity of CT26 murine colon carcinoma cells was studied using in vitro and in vivo methods. IVIg inhibited CT26 cell proliferation and invasion through an extracellular matrix in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Systemic treatment of mice with IVIg significantly inhibited metastatic potential of CT26 colon carcinoma cells observed as tumor nodules and lung weight reduction. Treating CT26 cell‐implanted rabbit corneas with IVIg led to shrinking and complete disappearance of tumor mass in 10 days. These results provide the evidence that IVIg may be considered as a supportive therapy for inhibition of colon carcinoma tumor spread.


This paper presents last years SNCF work concerning broadband Internet service delivery to passengers onboard high speed trains. First of all, the reasons to the deployment of this kind of services are presented. Then, the different candidate technologies are listed, before to focus on satellite solutions advantages and drawbacks. Finally, the different projects and experimentations carried out by SNCF onboard high speed trains (TGV) are introduced. The paper concludes with some brief conclusions and by giving some perspectives of future researches SNCF is willing to carry.


A micro-strip quasi-Yagi antenna is improved in this paper. The antenna unit for X band is designed. The number of the directors is increased in order to improve the gain of the antenna. The length of the directors, the width of the directors and the space of each directors are simulated and analyzed by the simulation software HFSS. The results show that: the bandwidth of the antenna is greater than 30%, the gain of the antenna is 3.57dB. The smaller size of the antenna is easy to design antenna array, and it has a good application.


This thesis examines local perceptions of former IDPs and local humanitarian workers on international humanitarian intervention during the conflict in northern Uganda between the government and the LRA (1990-2006). While numerous academic studies offers counterweight against the narratives that were used by the Government of Uganda, little of these critical studies provides ample space for the perceptions and narratives of those that were struck hardest by the conflict: the internally displaced Acholi population. This study begins with an overview of the pivotal and for this thesis relevant perception studies and goes on to presenting a historical context of the conflict in northern Uganda. Through the performance of focus groups with former IDPs and face-to-face semi-structured interviews with local employees of NGOs, data was gathered that showed contrasting findings with critical academic literature and the used narratives by the government during the conflict. In order to clearly show the contrasting narratives and findings, each discussed topic will start with academic literature, followed by contrasting findings and ending with the data gathered during this research in northern Uganda. The themes that will be discussed are perceptions on humanitarian aid with a possible hidden agenda, continuation of war and humanitarian complicity, narratives about displacement and the cooperation between the army of Uganda and the humanitarian sector. One of the main findings of this thesis is that former IDPs in Uganda were less critical towards the humanitarian assistance, not only because they were living on 'survival mode', but also because the international intervention helped them to survive when they felt abandoned by their own government. A second important finding is that a more systematical study of grass roots perceptions provides added value to existing academic literature.


In the space frontier, space community aims to build Mars habitat. However, Martian atmosphere is toxic to human being with approximately 95 percent of carbon dioxide. In addition, its atmosphere is very thin and there are no trees as on the Earth. Therefore, it is essential to develop and manage an atmosphere on Mars to sustainably live there. In this paper, a new human 5-phased plan for terraforming Mars is proposed: (1) moon stabilization (2) planetary shield (3) carbon harvesting (4) atmospheric conversion and (5) human-focused habitability. The essential plan requires creating an artificial Van Allen belt and the formation of an anthropogenic atmosphere on this Red Planet. Moon stabilization of Phobos and Deimos orbits provides the constant rotating mass to support the terraforming macro-project proposed. Also, the project applies Paleo reactors to power a series of HAARP arrays placed on the modified surfaces of Phobos and Deimos. Therefore, the generating field will thicken up Mars atmosphere and affect the amplified weather mass fronts. Low-cost carbon splitters will be applied to pull off carbon from the Martian atmosphere to be stored as fuel for grounded settlements. Moreover, Faux Trees will support conversion of Martian aerial gases into a breathable medium ("air"). Finally, Mars habitat is complete with soil and natural tree plantations.


Invertebrate predation greatly affeets the strueture of freshwater zooplankton eommunities (KERFOOT 1977, HANAZATO & YASUNO 1989, PLAGMANN et al. 1997). The rotifer eommunity, a group of freshwater zooplankton, is exposed to high predation pressure by eopepods and the predatory rotifer Asplanchna (GILBERT & WILLIAMSON 1978, WtLLWvfSON 1984, 1987). The prey-predator interaetions between rotifers and predators have been analyzed in many studies. For example, GtLBERT ( !980) direetly observed the feeding behavior of Asplanchna girodi on some prey types and found that the predator showed se!eetive predation and easily ingested Synchaeta pectinata, Keratella coch!earis, and uneolonized Conochilus. LAIR (!990) eoneluded from field observation that A. priodonta exerted predation pressure o n the population dynamies of K. cochlearis, Polyarthra remata, and P dolichoptera, and that the eyclopoid eopepod Cyclops vicinus vicinus had an negative impaet on the latter two rotifer speeies. Most studies have mainly analyzed interactions between a single invertebrate predator and several rotifer prey in the laboratory, or the seasonal succession of predator and prey populations in one or a few !akes. However, laboratory studies ean not assess the population-level impaet on rotifers by predators, and field observations ean not evaluate the predation impaet clearly beeause dynamics o f rotifer populations are affected not only by predation, but also by many environmental faetors. In the present study, we tried to estimate the impact of invertebrate predators on rotifer populations by eomparing zooplankton eommunities of 30 lakes with different environmental eonditions in the same season, and in a mesocosm experiment in which the density o f cyelopoid eopepod was control!ed.


ion. The product kg GWS quantifies GW discharge to SW bodies as a function of GWS and the GW discharge coefficient kg (Döll et al., 2014). G M is to replace this linear reservoir model in WGHM. Capillary rise is not included in the presented steady-state simulation, as simulation of capillary rise requires information of soil moisture that is only available when G3M is fully integrated into WGHM. G3M will be integrated into WGHM by exchanging information on (1) Rg_swb and NAg, (2) soil water content, (3) Qcr , (4) hswb , and (5) Qswb . Figure S1.1 indicates the direction of the information flows. Water flows from the 0.5° cells of WGHM are distributed equally to all 5' G3M grid cells inside a 0.5° cell. Flows transferred from the 5' cells of G3M to WGHM are aggregated. GW recharge and net abstraction from GW together with SW tables are the main drivers of the GW model that will be provided dynamically by WGHM. GW-SW flow volumes computed by G3M will be aggregated and added or subtracted from the SW body volumes in WGHM, and SW body heads will be recalculated. WGHM soil water content together with G3M WTD will be used to calculate capillary rise and thus a change of soil water content. WaterGAP includes a one layer soil water storage compartment characterized by land cover specific rooting depth, maximum storage capacity and soil texture (Döll et al., 2014). The water content in the soil storage is increased by incoming precipitation and decreased by evapotranspiration and runoff generation (Döll et al., 2014). Capillary rise is not yet implemented in G3M, and SW heads are currently based on land surface elevation. Figure S1.1 Conceptual view of the coupling between WGHM and G3M. WGHM provides calculated GW recharge (Rg) (Döll and Fiedler, 2008) and if the human impact is considered, net abstraction from GW (NAg) (Döll et al., 2012). GM spreads this input equally to all 5' grid cells inside a 0.5° cell and calculates hydraulic head and interactions with SW bodies (swb) as well as capillary rise (cap. rise) at the 5' resolution. Grey arrows show information flow that is not yet implemented. 2 Case study Central Valley To evaluate GM further, its results were analysed for to a well-studied region, the Central Valley in California, USA. The Central Valley is one of the most productive agricultural regions of the world and heavily relies on GW pumpage to meet irrigation demands (Faunt et al., 2016). GW pumping in the valley increased rapidly in the 1960s (Faunt, 2009). Figure S2.1 shows simulated WTD for the Central Valley, the coast and the neighboring Sierra Nevada mountainside as well as parts of the Great Basin. The WTD table represents natural conditions without any pumping and is rather small. It roughly resembles the WTD assumed in the Central Valley Hydrological Model (CVHM) as initial condition, representing a natural state (Faunt, 2009) (Fig. S2.1b). G3M correctly computes the shallow conditions with groundwater above the surface in the north, partially in the south of the valley and decreasing towards the Sierra Nevada. The difference in the extend of flooded area could be due to large wetlands areas still present in the early 60s which are not represented in this extent in the data used by G3M. Beyond the CVHM domain, WTD in mountainous regions is probably overestimated by G3M. The elevation of neighboring cells may differ up to a 1000 meter resulting in a large gradient (Fig. S4.5b and S4.5e). Figure S2.1 Plots of WTD [m] as calculated by G3M for the Central Valley and the Great Basin (a), and as used by CVHM as the natural state and starting condition (Faunt, 2009) (b). 3 Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivities are calculated using forward differences (Poeter et al., 2014). Δyi ′ Δbj = yi (bj + Δbj − yi ′ (bj) Δbjj (S2) where yi ′ is the simulated hydraulic head at position i from ND number of cells and bj the perturbed parameter, here a multiplier for grid specific values shown in Table S1, in a vector of all parameter b of length j. Based on these values the composite scaled sensitivity is computed as CSSj = √∑ Δyi ′ Δbj ND


Objective To explore the expectoration effects of new chest percussion technique in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and pulmonary infection.Methods A total of 94 COPD patients with pulmonary infection treated in respiratory department in the hospital were randomly divided into an observational group(n=47) to undergo new chest percussion technique and the control group(n=47) to undergo the traditional approach of back percussion expectoration.The differences in rate,blood oxygen saturation,blood gas analysis,expectoration volume and length of stay were observed accordingly.Results Significant differences were observed in respiratory rate,oxygen saturation,blood gas analysis,expectoration volume and length of stay observed between the two groups(P0.01).Conclusion The new chest percussion technique improves the clinical effects of chest physical therapy for timely and effective discharge of sputum,improve oxygenation and ventilation,ease asthma symptoms,reduce complications,shorten hospital stay,save the cost of treatment,improve the initiative and professional level of nurses in observing state of illness and achieve significant social and economic benefits,which is worth clinical promoting.


The article examines some aspects of cross-cultural management, basic directions of influence of globalization processes on management of the enterprises and companies, management problems in multinational and polycultural business environment, barriers of intercultural perception and management of adaptation of the organization personnel to untraditional conditions of interaction during labor activity.


Five taxa of deermice, Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis, P. l. castaneus, P. maniculatus bairdii, P. m. blandus , and P. e. eremicus , were studied in the laboratory for the amount of food hoarded under various combinations of test temperature (7°C or 27°C) and photoperiod (9:15 LD or 15:9 LD). The two northern subspecies, P. l. noveboracensis and P. m. bairdii , hoarded more food under cold temperature and short day photoperiod (simulating autumn or early winter) than they did under warm temperature and long day photoperiod (simulating summer). In contrast, neither P. l. castaneus nor P. m. blandus nor P. e. eremicus showed any significant difference in the amount of food hoarded under these same two test conditions. It was also found that test temperature had a greater influence than photoperiod on hoarding by P. l. noveboracensis , whereas just the opposite was true in P. m. bairdii v These findings indicate a selection for hoarding in deermice from northern latitudes (above 35° North Latitude) in response to seasonally low temperatures or a shortened photoperiod.

Test temperature also had a significant effect on the hoarding of P. m. blandus , which hoarded more at 27°C than at 7°C. Increased hoarding by this subspecies under the warm test temperature may have resulted either because it remained more active under the warm temperature than the cold, or because warm temperatures in its environment (southwestern deserts) act as a cue to the need to store food during the summer months. The high level of hoarding observed for P. e. eremicus under all test conditions was interpreted as resulting from summer torpor in this desert species and its reliance on stored food while restricted to its burrows during extremes in ambient temperature.

In all groups studied except perhaps P. m. bairdii , no evidence was found to support a model of food hoarding in deermice based on long-term nutritional needs or deficits (that is, losses in body weight) as has been proposed for laboratory rats.


at the bottom (as many of us do know). He also comments on why we don't write and offers some solutions for this problem. The advice is most practical and deals with the entire gamut of issues, right from how to begin the writing process to how to submit the article and what to do subsequently. For instance, Taylor warns us (on page 329) to 'never attempt to compose online' while uploading a paper to a journal site. You could get timed out and lose whatever you have composed (which I can confirm, from first-hand experience!). We are informed, on page 119, about the existence of the website https://99designs.com/ blog/resources/public-domain-image-resources, which offers high-quality illustrations that can be used without any fee, as they are in the public domain. He even points out common errors such as 'the data shows...' and tells us that the phrase is incorrect because data is a plural word; 'The data show...' is the correct phrase (page 67). Humour exudes through most pages of the book and he states, for instance, that all journals refer to themselves as 'the Journal' (with a capital J). Further, no paper is ever rejected—they do 'not meet the journal's needs' (page 334). While on the subject of humour, on page 203, Dr Taylor points out something that had not occurred to me—a potential danger of humorous and satirical papers, such as those in the Christmas issue of the BMJ, is that some people may miss the point and accept them as Gospel! The references used range from those published over a hundred years ago, as well some from 2017. I note that journals such as J Clin Diagn Res, published from New Delhi are also included, besides the N Engl J Med and other acclaimed journals. The epigrams and quotations are most appropriate. Gems like 'a sour correspondent' instead of 'as our correspondent' (page 347, a reference to an article in The Lancet from a century ago, quoted in JAMA in 2001) is evidence of his in-depth research and documentation of such statements from various articles. In fact, Dr Taylor's wide reading of subjects beyond medicine is obvious. The chapter dealing with ethical issues includes adequate information on predatory or pseudo journals, as well as on journal metrics and on journal hijacking. I must include a comment on conflict of interest; I have authored the chapter on 'Letters, editorials and book reviews' in Sahni and Agrawal's book (published by this Journal and now copublished by Springer) and while, with my obvious bias, I think Taylor's book is well written and useful, the chapter on this topic in his book is superlative. No book is perfect. There are often errors of omission and of commission, and reviewers love to point them out. I must admit, however, that I could find absolutely nothing wrong with this book. In fact, the only error was on the last cover page and is the penultimate word on the page. For some reason, Springer classifies this book as belonging to the subject of 'Family medicine and Geriatrics', rather than to Writing. I was also unable to find any blurb about the author or any information on how to contact him if a reader had any suggestions or comments. (Google, however, resolved this issue.) 'Doctor Taylor's rules for medical writers', with which he concludes the book, sum up the messages well.


Let (X(t); t 2 IR) be a reversible Markov chain on a nite set , with invariant measure. For A , let TA := infft 0; X(t) 2 Ag. We consider the tail distribution of TA for a start with a probability measure 0 such that 0(A) = 0. We prove that P 0 (TA > t) jj0jj2;; A c exp(?At), t > 0, where Ac is restricted to A c , jj0jj 2 2;; A c := P x2A c (0(x) 2 ==Ac(x)), and A > 0 is the spectral gap associated with TA.


The present invention relates to a stabilized sustained release oral dosage forms and preparation method gabapentin. Sustained-release tablet comprising an outer portion and particles in the particle. The inner portion of the particles comprising gabapentin, extragranular portion comprising one or more rate controlling polymers.


[Objective] To investigate the effect of psychotherapy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.[Methods] Ninety-six patients with generalized anxiety disorder were randomly divided into two groups.A psychotherapy for 14 weeks was given to the patients in the treatment group and the patients in the control group were treated with aprazolam.The anxiety extent of all subjects was assessed by the Hamiltom Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).[Results] In the treatment group there was a significant decrease in the anxiety scores before and after psychotherapy at the end of 14 weeks (HAMA:from 27.6±6.4 to 6.2±4.2;SAS:from 69.3± 9.8 to 30.6±7.1;P0.01).No significant difference was found in the anxiety scores between the treatment group and the control group after psychotherapy (HAMA:6.2±4.2 vs 6.6±3.6;SAS:30.6±7.1 vs 31.5±6.3;P0.05).[Conclusion] Psychotherapy is effective for the patients with generalized anxiety disorder.


We consider the rooted delay-constrained Steiner tree problem which arises for example in the design of centralized multicasting networks where quality of service constraints are of concern. We present a path based integer linear programming formulation which has already been considered in the literature for the spanning tree variant. Solving its linear relaxation by column generation has so far been regarded as not competitive due to long computational times needed. In this work, we show how to significantly accelerate the column generation process using two different stabilization techniques. Computational results indicate that due to the achieved speed-up our approach outperforms so-far proposed methods.


Young diagrams are ubiquitous in combinatorics and representation theory. Here we explain these diagrams, focusing on how they are used to classify representations of the symmetric groups $S_n$ and various"classical groups": famous groups of matrices such as the general linear group $\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})$ consisting of all invertible $n \times n$ complex matrices, the special linear group $\mathrm{SL}(n,\mathbb{C})$ consisting of all $n \times n$ complex matrices with determinant 1, the group $\mathrm{U}(n)$ consisting of all unitary $n \times n$ matrices, and the special unitary group $\mathrm{SU}(n)$ consisting of all unitary $n \times n$ matrices with determinant 1. We also discuss representations of the full linear monoid consisting of all linear transformations of $\mathbb{C}^n$. These notes, based on the column This Week's Finds in Mathematical Physics, are made to accompany a series of lecture videos.


The goal of this study is to determine the socio-demographic risk factors of protein energy malnutrition in children, less than five years old, attending the General Hospital of Bingerville (C


of Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the mainstream of Tamagawa River and its inflows (tributaries, and effluents from Sewage Treatment Plants) were analyzed, and the loads of PFOS, PFOA and other 4 compounds were evaluated. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were found to be much lower than those of 2005 since 2009 . This result indicates that the Stockholm Convention on Persisitent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and 2010 / 2015 PFOA Stewardship Program are effective. The cumulative load of PFCs that was accumulated in the inflows sequentially from Nagata Bridge, as the uppermost point in this study, closely resembled the measured load at each sampling point in Tamagawa River. These results indicate that PFCs were scarcely degraded, volatilized, during flow down the river. The ratio of PFCs with longer chain length such as PFUnDA and PFTrDA in sediment samples were much higher than those of water ones.


We used fs- and ps- resonant magnetic x-ray diffraction to probe the laser-induced changes to the magnetic profile in thin films of the antiferromagnetic semicon-ductor EuTe.


The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) is a technique of recording bioelectric current generated by the fetal heart. It is obtaining mainly from maternal abdomen. These signals are corrupted by various types of noise. This paper mainly focuses on the artifacts affecting the FECG characteristics. Methods already available to extract the FECG from the noises are also


(54) AMPLIFIER FOR RECEIVING OPTICAL Publication Classification SIGNALS COMPLEMENTARY TO EACH OTHER (51) Int. Cl. HO3F 3/45 (2006.01) (71) Applicant: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., HO3G 3/30 (2006.01) Osaka-shi (JP) (52) U.S. Cl. USPC .......................................................... 330/254 (72) Inventor: Yoshiyuki SUGIMOTO, Osaka-shi (JP) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD., Osaka-shi (JP) An amplifier for detecting photocurrents complementary to 9 s each other is disclosed. The optical receiver includes two (21) Appl. No.: 13/631,232 trans-impedance amplifiers (TIAS) each having the single phase arrangement, a level detector to detect an average level (22) Filed: Sep. 28, 2012 between respective outputs of the TIAS, a controller to detect a difference between each of the output of the TIA, and an (30) Foreign Application Priority Data offset canceller to bypass each of the photocurrents to com pensate the output offset between two TIAS depending on the Sep. 30, 2011 (JP) ................................. 2011-217748 average level and the difference between two levels.


EMOTIONAL ESSENCE AND THEIR RELATION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRE-HISPANIC NAHUA CHILDHOOD. This article analyzes the importance of emotional essence as generators of the physical and cognitive development of the Nahua children during the pre-Hispanic era. Likewise, considering that age is defi ned culturally, through a comparative study of the colonial sources and the ethnographic data of different indigenous communities, it is suggested that former Nahuas marked out children's ages based on the presence and manifestation of their emotional essence.


Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that remains a matter of concern for the medical fraternity because of its alarming pace of growth worldwide. Its progression is higher in India and other Asian countries as compared with the other countries in the world. Its continuance can only be halted by better management of it. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) is essentially the significant and fundamental necessity for secondary prevention of disease progression. The effective planning and implementation of the strategy need the evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and if any gap in the transcription of it into practice. Aim and Objectives: The given study was carried out with the purpose to evaluate the KAP among patients with diabetes from the urban locale of city Gurugram, North India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was performed on 138 patients with no subjection to any formal education program on type 2 diabetes management. Patients were recruited from the out-patient department of tertiary care hospitals and random purposive sampling were used to put together data by administering a structured survey form executed through personal interview technique. Data related to demographics, span of the disease, hypertension, fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels, anthropometry, and KAP of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were recorded. Results: The study population confirmed a fair amount of knowledge about type 2 diabetes and its related aspects. Despite a positive attitude and adequate knowledge about the disease and its related aspects, the population scores with regard to practices were not inspiring. Conclusion: In the face of a positive attitude, the average application of adequate knowledge is clearly evident in the millennium city's subject population. This highlights the need for effective diabetes management programs for educating the populace.


The excitation of half-integer quadrupolar spins by frequency stepped pulses is explored in powdered samples, under both static and magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions. The effects of sweep rate, sweep range, RF field strength, rotation and quadrupole frequency are investigated by numerical simulations and experiments. Using excitation by a frequency stepped half-passage it is possible to generate undistorted, quantitatively interpretable central-transition powder spectra in static samples, with an improved sensitivity compared with short-pulse excitation. Under MAS the duration of the half-passage must be shorter than 1/2 rotor period to get simple results. The conditions required for a quantitatively interpretable frequency stepped half-passage are formulated and subsequently tested on a number of model compounds. The conditions to bring about a complete inversion of the spin system by an adiabatic full-passage are more stringent than for excitation, and cannot be realized in most practical cases. Sel...


The linear and quadratic rotational Zeeman effect in HOF has been observed with a high magnetic field. The magnetic susceptibility anisotropies are 2χaa −χbb −χcc = (−19.6±0.6) × 10−6 erg/G2·mole and 2χbb −χaa −χcc = 12.8±1.2 (the a axis is nearly along the OF bond and the c axis is perpendicular to the molecular plane); the molecular g values are gaa = 0.642±0.001, gbb = −0.119±0.001, and gcc = −0.061±0.001 and the molecular quadrupole moments are Qaa = (0.2±0.4)×10−26 esu · cm2, Qbb = 1.9±0.8, and Qcc = −2.1±1.1. These results are compared with H2O and F2O. The effect of in‐plane fluorine substitution on the out‐of‐plane minus the average in‐plane magnetic susceptibility anisotropy, Δχ, is discussed for a number of molecules and additive values are obtained for each successive fluorine substitution for planar molecules. These contributions to Δχ are first fluorine = +4.5±1.2, second F = +2.5±1.1, and third F = +0.6±0.8. These trends are explained in terms of changes in hybridization of the atom to which...


Green tea extract having many phenolic hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups in its molecular framework can be used in the modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Moreover, the feasibility of complexation of polyphenols with silver ions in aqueous solution can improve the surface properties and capacity of the Fe3O4@green tea extract nanoparticles (Fe3O4@GTE NPs) for sorption and reduction of silver ions. Therefore, the novel Fe3O4@GTE NPs nano-sorbent has potential ability as both reducing and stabilizing agent for immobilization of silver nanoparticles to make a novel magnetic silver nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@GTE/Ag NPs). Inductively coupled plasma analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, and vibrating sample magnetometry were used to characterize the catalyst. Fe3O4@GTE/Ag NPs shows high catalytic activity as a recyclable nanocatalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol at room temperature.


Clinching is a mechanical cold forming method to join two or more overlapping sheets without using of rivet. This technology is already in use for production of aluminum and steel sheet car body panels. This process is carried out without heat effect on the material structure, thus the clinching is one of the technologies which may replace traditional processes as resistance spot welding or friction stir welding. The clinching technology has been well known for many years, but only during the last decades become more and more widely applied particularly in the automotive industry. This paper presents the results of experimental research work in the field of clinching of different strength sheets developed for automotive application.


Abstract We give upper and lower bounds for the number of isomorphism types of pro-p -groups of coclass r, or, equivalently, for the number of infinite branches in the graph of all finite p -groups of coclass r. As a step towards this goal, we determine bounds for the number of isomorphism types of uniserial p -adic space groups of coclass r.


The purpose of the study is to determine the technical and expressive functions of "transitional tones" and "primary tone" in vocal art. The methodology is based on the holistic analysis of the performing, teaching experience of prominent singers, teachers, the author's own experience in synergy with the works of musicologists and scholars, used to study the specific functioning of the "transitional tones" and "primary tones" in the structure of the opera part as an artistic whole; performing analysis, aimed at determining the technical specificity of vocal singing in "transitional tones" and "primary tone", defined as an embodiment of the specific musical content of the "soaring human spirit" over the "prose of life"; a condition for the study of the subject of research is the historical approach, with the support of which the opera singer has to select the appropriate performance-stylistic perspectives of the opera part for the sake of revealing the "artistic truth" of vocalisation. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the identification of the specifics of the synthesis of the doctrine of "transitional tones" and "primary tone", formed in the Italian and German schools, which have gained importance as a component of the domestic vocal performance; interpretations of the singer's voice as a tool for revealing the artistic content of the musical work in terms of basing on the principle of interaction of the performing registers. Conclusions. The technical and expressive-content functions of "transitional tones" and "primary tone" in the context of vocal-register performing strategy are determined; the significance of "transitional tones" and "primary tone" as representations of the performing musicology in the process of formation of stylistic erudition and technical mastery of vocalists-performers is determined; the experience of performance technique and expressive emotional value of the "transitional tones" and the "primary tone" acquired by the Odessa school of vocal performance has been revealed.
Key words: vocal performance, opera singing, "transitional tones", "primary tone", vocal-register strategy.


The existence of counterfeit apparel product pose a serious threat to the manufacturers of original apparel product and especially for the world economy. In this case, soccer jersey chosen as the object for this research that will represent the apparel product. This research aims to examine the factors that can influence the purchase intention of original and counterfeit soccer jersey which consists of three groups of variables: past behavior (past purchases of counterfeits and originals), attitudes toward buying counterfeits (by economic and hedonic benefits), and individual characteristics (materialism, perception of future social status, and self-image). Based on data obtained from 125 young consumers in Surabaya through a questionnaire, the results show that all the variables mentioned above were not determinants factor that affects the purchase intention of original and counterfeit soccer jersey and that purchase intention of counterfeit soccer jersey was not significantly negative related to purchase intention of original soccer jersey but otherwise purchase intention of original soccer jersey was significantly positive related to purchase intention of counterfeit soccer jersey.
Keywords: original, counterfeit, soccer jersey, past behavior, attitudes toward buying counterfeits, individual characteristics, purchase intention, young consumers in Surabaya.


e17078 Background: NPC is not known to have associated elevations in known tumor markers other than EBV viral loads. We report a case of metastatic, EBV-associated NPC with elevations in serum CEA, CA-19-9 and CA125 levels, all of which markedly improved and correlated well with responding disease. A retrospective review was therefore initiated to evaluate the frequency of elevated levels of serum tumor markers among pts with NPC. Methods: Using unique data mining software, all patients who were diagnosed with tumor registry-defined NPC from 1/1/1997 through 12/31/2014 at our institution were included. These records were searched for several tumor markers at the time of cancer diagnosis (± 1.5 months), including CEA, CA 19-9, CA125, AFP, LDH, uric acid, and alkaline phosphatase. Results: A total of 124 NPC pts were identified during the 18 year study interval. At least one elevated serum marker was observed in 31 out of 87 pts (36%). Elevated CEA was found in 3 of 4 tested pts (75%). Other than the index ...


The article presents an analysis of the elements of the water regime of the steppe chernozems of the Stone Steppe of the Central Chernozem Region in the conditions of the dry period from the end of 2019 to the autumn of 2020. The objects of the study were: the mowed fallow land plowing in 1882, the old-growth forest strip of 1903 planting and arable land adjacent to fallow plots. The soil-hydrological constants were calculated (total water capacity, lowest field capacity, permanent wilting point) both in the time interval and down the soil profile to a depth of 2 m. The reserves of productive moisture during the growing season were also studied. The maximum values of productive moisture content was reached on the mowed fallow sites by the beginning of February, the minimum in the forest belt areas, the arable land plots had an intermediate value. By the middle of the growing season (June), 2020, the moisture reserves in the soils of the forest strip, fallow and arable land were 127, 123 and 109 mm, respectively, in the meter thickness. The highest amount of productive moisture in the upper soil horizon (0-20 cm) is observed under the forest belt – 39 mm. However, moisture content under the fallow land in the upper horizon had decreased to rate of the dead moisture reserve by early August. Similar values were found in soil under the forest belt and arable land. Otherwise, moisture profile was formed in underlying carbonate horizons. The forest belt soils in insufficient atmospheric moisture conditions in 2020 were more dried out than soil of fallow and arable land. The estimation was given for nature of soil profile changes of soil moisture profile due to influence of forest belt. The data of productive moisture reserves in soil at different distances from the forest belt were presented. In the meter layer at the edge of the forest belt, moisture reserves were at the level of 94.0 mm, sharply decreasing to 60.3 mm at a distance of 25 m from the forest strip, with a gradual decrease to 34 mm at a distance of 125 m. The results of observations showed a clear downward trend of productive moisture content due to distance from the old-growth forest belt.


Some 10 percent of nondisabled, community-dwelling elderly have trouble performing at least one of seven basic activities of daily living (ADLs): bathing, dressing, transferring, walking, eating, toileting, and grooming. Such functional decline can lead to hospitalization, nursing home …


A variety of views find their own seats around the axiological aim kernel of the harmonious society construction in China at present.Ten monist views of kernel value and ten pluralist ones are here commented in brief.In analyzing the structure of the socially axiological aim system,we take justice as the axiological aim kernel of the harmonious society construction,because justice is not only a socially axiological aim with fundamentality,urgency,penetration and objectiveness,and under the most forceful,profound,immediate and universal experience of common people,but also a socially axiological aim in the most intense and urgent yearn of Chinese people nowadays.


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The concept of "sensor" in the system of physical experiment at school is
considered in the article. The possibility of using sensors in physics
lessons is substantiated: transformation of an input signal into an output
is accompanied by transformation of one type of energy into another
(according to the law of conservation of energy), and the functioning of
the sensors are based on physical phenomena (physical effects or
principles), which are described by the relevant physical laws. The article
deals with the methodical aspects of using the Google Science Journal
mobile application in physics lessons. This application allows you to use
the sensors of your mobile device for a physical experiment. As an
example we consider the frontal laboratory work "Determination of the
period of oscillation of the mathematical pendulum". The method of its
carrying out is offered in two approaches: the first one involves the
traditional technique of conducting the experiment, and the second
approach is using the mobile application Google Science Journal. The
article shows that the use of smartphone sensors in physics lessons has
perspectives in the context of STEM education. Thus, the use of the
considered application is of current importance and requires further
scientific and methodological research on its use in the high school
physical experimentation system. The Science Journal mobile application
can be used to connect external sensors, which will have a positive
impact on the introduction of STEM education, and to use Arduino in the
demonstration of physical experiments by a physics teacher. Connecting
sensors using an Arduino microcontroller is particularly promising in
creative lab work on physics.


Abstract A series of fatty acids were subjected to conditions typical of water chlorination disinfection. Saturated fatty acids did not react with chlorine, however, unsaturated fatty acids were almost completely consumed after 1 hour. A number of chlorinated and oxygenated products of this reaction were tentatively identified using fast atom bombardment mass spectroraetry.


The objective of this paper is to explain the importance of managing talent of Generation Y. Generation Y has a very different characteristics with the previous generation. Organisations need to implement leadership style in order to develop and manage them as a talent. Thus, the appropriate leadership style to be able to develop the talents of generation Y is managing as a coach. Manager as coach will be able to improve the performance and develop subordinates of generation Y. Keywords: Generation Y, Coaching, development


This study examined the characteristics of teacher incentive pay programs in the United States. Using the 2007–08 SASS data set, it found an inverse relationship between union influence and districts' incentive pay offerings. Large and ethnically diverse districts in urban areas that did not meet the requirements for Adequate Yearly Progress as defined under the No Child Left Behind Act are more likely to offer a larger number of economic incentives. Although rural districts are likely to reward teachers in hard-to-staff schools, they are not more likely to reward teachers who are certified by the National Board or who teach in the subject areas of shortage, nor are they more likely to offer multiple financial incentives.


Background: Recurrence or progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatments frequently occurs and succeeding treatments are necessary for control of disease. Systemic chemotherapy is one option of management for progression of HCC, but there are no reliable biomarkers to predict the tumor response of anti-cancer drugs including sorafenib. Mouse xenograft models, 'avatars' could allow physicians to find the most effective drugs before giving them to a patient. We tried to establish mouse avatar models generated from patients with HCC. Methods: HCC samples were obtained from surgical resection of patients. Tumor samples were immediately minced into fine fragments and then mixed 1:1 (v/v) with Matrigel. The tissue mixture was subcutaneously injected in both flanks of NOD/ SCID mice. Growth of implanted tumor xenografts was monitored twice a week. For serial transplantation, tumor-bearing animals were sacrificed and acquired tumors were injected in successive BALB/c-nu mice. To investigate the effects of anticancer drugs on HCC xenografts mouse models were treated with drugs and monitored by measurement of tumor size. Results: The first generation of xenograft mouse was established within 3-4 months after initial transplantation of patient HCC tumor. Serial transplantations and passages were done to establish sufficient numbers of xenograft mice for drug response tests. Serial passage of tumors has been done every 1-2 months. Improved success rate of xenograft models was achieved after learning period. Drug response experiments with sorafenib and other anti-cancer drugs are ongoing and will be presented. Conclusions: Patient HCC xenograft, avatar model is established and may be useful for screening anti-cancer drugs, especially in patients with high risk of recurrence after resection.