A new method, of very general applicability and very easily programmed for an electronic computer, is proposed for the numerical integration of functions of many independent variables. This new method renders obsolete, in most applications, the commonly used Monte Carlo procedure and the more recent, original method of Haselgrove. In the new scheme the sample points are distributed systematically rather than at random and the ensemble of points forms a unique, closed, symmetrical pattern, which effectively fills the space of the multidimensional integration. The paper contains an extensive statistical‐analytic treatment of the error characteristics of the new method, one that enables advance quantitative estimation of upper limits of error in the integration of various types of functions. For continuous functions with bounded first derivatives, the error is shown ultimately to disappear at least as rapidly as the inverse square of the number of sample points; moreover, for runs of practical length the err...


The Navaho Urban Relocation Research Project has two aims: to learn as much as possible about the process of adjustment to urban life of a non-Westernized migrant group, and to explore how social scientists may best go about investigating such a problem. Research in Denver and on the Navaho reservation has been in progress for the last three years in pursuit of these aims.


Background and Purpose:
 The characteristics of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC)-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have not been fully clarified. We planned to recruit patients prospectively and to investigate the characteristics and outcomes in patients with ICH receiving direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) and warfarin treatment.

 Methods:
 The prospective analysis of stroke patients taking anticoagulants (PASTA) registry study is an observational, multicenter, prospective registry of stroke patients receiving OAC. Patient enrollment started in April 2016 at 25 tertiary centers across Japan. We compared imaging, clinical characteristics, and discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) between DOAC- and warfarin-related ICH patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

 Results:
 A total of 154 patients (51 women; median age 77 [quartiles 69-87] years) were analyzed. Of these, 111 patients (72%) received prior DOAC treatment and the remaining 43 (28%) received prior warfarin treatment (Fig. A, B and C). There were no relevant differences in clinical and hematoma characteristics between DOAC- and warfarin-related ICH regarding baseline hematoma volume (median [quartiles]: DOAC, 11 [5-23] mL vs. warfarin, 12 [5-30] mL;
 P
 =0.95), rate of hematoma expansion (DOAC, 12/111 [11%] vs. warfarin, 4/43 [9%];
 P
 =0.80), rate of subcortical hemorrhage (DOAC, 15/111 [11%] vs. warfarin, 10/43 [9%];
 P
 =0.80) and the proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome (mRS, 4-6: DOAC 76/108 [70%] vs. warfarin 23/38 [61%];
 P
 =0.26). Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) were detected more frequently in DOAC group than in warfarin (47/76 [62%] vs. 11/32 [34%];
 P
 <0.01). Subgroup analyses showed that type of DOAC agent did not result in relevant differences in imaging characteristics or outcome (Fig. D and E).

 Conclusions:
 Our results showed that there were no significant differences in hematoma characteristics and functional outcome among AF patients with DOAC- or warfarin-related ICH.


The stock market in Ukraine is only beginning to develop, in contrast to the stock markets of countries with developed market economies. In modern conditions the most developed countries use a system of stock exchange indices for the analysis and forecasting of development of individual markets and industries, but for Ukraine stock indexes are new and poorly understood tool for this position. This article discusses the problem of the mechanism of functioning of the stock exchanges, the system assess the status and prospects of development of the exchange market, which has specific characteristics in the domestic economy. The question of essence and maintenance of exchange indexes, and also their value as indicators of world market development, markets of separate countries and industries is considered. Basic exchange indexes which are used in countries with the developed market economy and in Ukraine are certain. Application of exchange indexes for estimation of development of markets of Ukraine is analysed.


Pharmaceutical innovation requires novelty of effectiveness. The main factor of innovations in pharmacy should have safety measures .Pharmaceutical innovations create value to society by making it possible to generate improvements in patient health (net of treatment risks) that were previously unattainable. Some of the innovations such as countdown medicine timer, pill intake tracker, glucose maintaining device, migraine preventing headbands, smart asthmatic gadgets, mobile mini kits .in these serious of innovations will bring to the recent trends of pharmaceutical industry.


Theory studies and practice at home and abroad indicate that traditional project management shows limitations and inadaptability in dealing with large-scale complex project. So the paradigm of project management should be changed. After research on the complexity of large-scale project, analyze project management paradigm under the background of complexity science and put forward to the direction of paradigm shift. At last, explain project management innovations in Shanghai 2010 EXPO construction program, and reveal the new trend of large-scale complex project management in China.


Law reformers like the World Bank sometimes suggest that optimal legal rules and institutions can be recognized and then be recommended for law reform in every country in the world. Comparative lawyers have long been skeptical of such views. They point out that both laws and social problems are context-specific. What works in one context may fail in another. Instead of "one size fits all," they suggest tailor made solutions.I challenge this view. Drawing on a comparison with IKEA's global marketing strategy, I suggest that "one size fits all" can sometimes be not only a successful law reform strategy, but also not as objectionable as critics make it to be. First, whereas, "one size fits all" is deficient a functionalist position, it proves to be surprisingly successful as a formalist conception. Second, critics of legal transplants often insists on what can be called "best law" approach, whereas in law reform, what we sometimes need is law that is just" good enough" law. "Third, legal transplants no longer happen in isolation but rather on a global scale, so that context-specific rules are no longer necessarily local.This is not a plea for formal law, for commodification of laws, and for "one size fits all". But it is a plea to overcome the romanticism and elitism that may lurk behind the seemingly benign suggestion that law reform must always be tailored to the specific societal context.


we deal with the stability of equilibrium of critical depensation sys-tems and imply the conditions of maximum sustainable yield. We elaborate frailty, protection measure and effort-yield relation of critical depensation systems.


The acquisition of radial lines in 2-D Fourier space (k space) allows the realization of the extremely short echo times useful in the imaging of short-T2 species and flow using Magnetic Resonance (MR). The disadvantage of this imaging method, which is also known as projection reconstruction, is that in order to prevent aliasing at a given resolution, (pi) times as many excitations are required as the conventional 2-D Fourier transform or spin-warp acquisition. The authors propose an acquisition and reconstruction method that halves the required number of radial lines and excitations by using the properties that projections are real or have slowly varying phase and that radial acquisition methods are over-sampled at the center of k space. This method preserves resolution while reducing imaging time at the expense of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This has been verified with both phantom and human subjects.


In this day and age, there are many children who have a personality or behavior that is very deviant and even apprehensive. This is due to the lack of attention from parents, people around and the surrounding environment which causes children to do whatever they want without filtering whether it is good or not for them. Therefore, with parenting from parents, children can become characters that are in accordance with the wishes of parents. For this reason, parenting is very important for children, because parents know and understand the child's condition and character and know the strengths and weaknesses of the child, so parents know what to do so that the child can become a good person. and according to the wishes of the parents.


. This article analyses the vowel in the illative marker of monosyllabic nouns which usually copies the quality of the stem vowels. The data come from different questionnaires recorded by Soikkola Ingrian speakers in the 21 st century. The main point of interest is the contradiction between the fact that the vowel in the illative marker copies the stem vowel and the fact that existing descriptions often indicate raising of mid vowels in the stem but not in the illative suffix. Both auditory analysis and acoustic measurements are used to check the correspondence between the quality of the stem and suffix vowels in the illative forms of monosyllabic nouns. The research reveals that there is both interspeaker and intraspeaker variation in the quality of the vowels under discussion, and several different strategies can be used for building the illa-tive marker. The rounded stem vowels öö and oo are opposed to the unrounded ee : if raised in the stem, the latter does not influence the quality of the suffix vowel. In most cases, the quality of the rounded stem and suffix vowels is the same, so a transcription where these vowels are denoted differently is not justified. Pronunciations where both the stem and suffix vowels are half-raised argue for an alternative variant of the Soikkola Ingrian phonological system.


Object detection, which aims to automatically mark the coordinates of objects of interest in pictures or videos, is an extension of image classification. In recent years, it has been widely used in intelligent traffic management, intelligent monitoring systems, military object detection, and surgical instrument positioning in medical navigation surgery, etc. COVID-19, a novel coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019, poses a serious threat to public health. Many countries require everyone to wear a mask in public to prevent the spread of coronavirus. To effectively prevent the spread of the coronavirus, we present an object detection method based on single-shot detector (SSD), which focuses on accurate and real-time face masks detection in the supermarket. We make contributions in the following three aspects: 1) presenting a lightweight backbone network for feature extraction, which based on SSD and spatial separable convolution, aiming to improve the detection speed and meet the requirements of real-time detection; 2) proposing a Feature Enhancement Module (FEM) to strengthen the deep features learned from CNN models, aiming to enhance the feature representation of the small objects; 3) constructing COVID-19Mask, a large-scale dataset to detect whether shoppers are wearing masks, by collecting images in two supermarkets. The experiment results illustrate the high detection precision and real-time performance of the proposed algorithm.


A robotic polishing machine has been implemented at INAF-Brera Astronomical Observatory within the T-REX project. The facility, IRP1200 by Zeeko Ltd., consists of a 7-axis computer-controlled polishing/forming machine capable of producing precision surfaces on several optical materials. The machine enables two methods, the bonnet and the fluid jet polishing. We report on the results of the standard bonnet polishing machine acceptance tests that have been completed at our site. We intend to use the machine to support development and production programs related to the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), in particular, for making part of the optics of the Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY (MAORY) module.


The synthesis, morphology, and magnetization measurements of GaN nanoceramics obtained under high pressure are reported. In particular, the effect of grain size on magnetic properties of GaN nanopowders and nanoceramics was investigated. It was found that for the GaN nanoceramic characterized by the stronger deformation of nanocrystalline grains, the diamagnetic signal changes with external magnetic field similarly to the Meissner effect in superconductors.


This article presents a method for extracting high-level semantic information through successful landmark detection using 2D RGB images. In particular, the focus is placed on the presence of particular labels (open path, humans, staircase, doorways, obstacles) in the encountered scene, which can be a fundamental source of information enhancing scene understanding and paving the path towards the safe navigation of the mobile unit. Experiments are conducted using a manual wheelchair to gather image instances from four indoor academic environments consisting of multiple labels. Afterwards, the fine-tuning of a pretrained vision transformer (ViT) is conducted, and the performance is evaluated through an ablation study versus well-established state-of-the-art deep architectures for image classification such as ResNet. Results show that the fine-tuned ViT outperforms all other deep convolutional architectures while achieving satisfactory levels of generalization.


In this paper,we investigate a class of iterative differential equation.A theorem about the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the equation is established.


Background: Heavy metal toxicity at low levels damages the function of the brain, lungs, kidney, liver, blood composition, and other important organs. Long-term exposure leads to gradual disease progression in multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, muscular dystrophy, and cancer. The present work aims to determine the pollution caused by the levels and effects of heavy metals, i.e. nickel, zinc, chromium, and copper, in marine organisms (crabs and shrimps). Methods: In total, 100 crustacean samples (50 crabs and 50 prawns) were analyzed in terms of nickel, zinc, chromium, and copper residues using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The health risk assessment method of the consumption of tested tissues was investigated through determining the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Hazard Index (HI). Results: The concentrations of nickel, zinc, chromium, and copper in the crab samples were 0.292 ± 0.02, 20.688 ± 3.06, 1.158 ± 0.01, and 22.304 ± 4.04 μg/g of wet weight, respectively. Moreover, the values in the prawn samples were 0.373 ± 0.01, 16.204 ± 2.01, 0.844 ± 0.01, and 18.524 ± 1.03 μg/g of wet weight, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings could lay the groundwork for monitoring the heavy metal contamination of marine organisms. The estimated daily detection intake of nickel, zinc, chromium, and copper was below the reported the Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake (PTDI) of each element. In addition, THQ and HI values of the heavy metals were below 1.00 in the crab and shrimp samples, suggesting no significant risks to the community health due to the consumption of the crab and shrimp samples.


Interview conducted in eleven sessions between September 1990 and February 1991 with Seymour Benzer, James G. Boswell Professor of Neuroscience in the Division of Biology. Benzer received his PhD in physics from Purdue in 1947. His interests had already turned to biophysics, after he read Erwin Schrodinger's What is Life? In this lengthy interview he recounts his peripatetic life visiting Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1948-49); Max Delbruck at Caltech (1949-51); the Pasteur Institute with Andre Lwoff, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod (1951-52); the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge, with Francis Crick and Sydney Brenner (1957-1958); Roger Sperry's lab at Caltech (1965-67); and intermittently Woods Hole and Cold Spring Harbor--all while he was also a member first of the physics and then the biology faculty at Purdue (1945-1967). In the early 1960s, he participated for a while in the establishment of the Salk Institute. In 1967 he became a professor of biology at Caltech, meanwhile spending summers in the early 1970s at the Salk Institute; recollections of the Biology Division and of Salk during that time. He discusses the early years and flourishing of molecular biology, including recollections of such pioneers as Salvador Luria, Renato Dulbecco, Francis Crick, James Watson, Gunther Stent, and Delbruck's phage group. He discusses his own work on r mutants of bacteriophage, genetic fine structure, behavioral mutants of Drosophila, and monoclonal antibodies.


Treatment for end-stage kidney disease is a major economic challenge and a public health concern worldwide. Renal-replacement therapy poses several practical and ethical dilemmas of global relevance for patients, clinicians, and policy makers.

 The aim of the present work was to highlight ethical challenges encountered by health care professionals working at Artificial kidney units of Ain Shams University hospitals which may oppose their practice and lead to malpractice. In addition, outlining an ethical guide; in a trial to metigate some of these challenges, and ameliorate the practical environment to minimise malpractice issues.

 The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was held on health care professionals (physicians and nurses) working at the Artificial Kidney Units of (El Demerdash and Ain Shams specialized University hospitals).

 More than half of the physicians (57.9%) agreed that all patients admitted to kidney units should sign a legal informed consent, while 78.9% of physicians admitted that not all patients could give a legal informed consent. Nearly all physicians (94.7%) endorsed that the clinician should provide the patient with all needed information; then, the patient decides freely based on his priorities and values. 57.9% of the physicians and 48.3% of the nurses negated any discussion about patients' private information within the earshot of others. The vast majority of physicians (92.1%) and nurses (83.9%) were completely convinced of the right of any patient -in need- to have an equal access to any form of treatment. Most of the physicians (71.5%) and 90.3% of nurses were convinced that beneficence and non-maleficence are not two opposing ethical concepts.

 The current study clarified that significant proportion of physicians and nurses were aware of the universally recognized ethical principles which are essential part of clinical practice in nephrology. The present study found that some healthcare professionals reported encountering a number of ethical issues when dealing with patients.

 The growing public and professional discourse about ethical issues in nephrology creates an atmosphere in which the special issues in End Stage Renal Disease treatment can be addressed openly. As some healthcare providers in this study reported some ethical issues when dealing with hemodialysis patients, thus, there is a need for ongoing education of ethics to ensure the optimal approach to patient care. It is recommended to follow our guideline proposal in order to help health care professionals in dealing with the confronted ethical challenges.


The build–operate–transfer (BOT) mechanism is used worldwide to promote diverse infrastructure projects. Success in BOT projects mainly depends on selecting the right project to promote. The right project selection initiates from identifying a presumably viable project to pursue at the early project initiation process. When deciding on a prospective project to pursue, developers in many cases rely on their judgment, intuition, or rules of thumb rather than analytic evaluation of the complex BOT characteristics and specific project conditions. It is expected that they will improve the quality of their decisions if a methodical formalism is provided that can help systematically recognize (i) risk factors in the BOT project environment, (ii) the impact of these decisions on project feasibility, and (iii) strategic alternatives to enhance these decisions. The main objective of this research is to develop a risk-based, go/no-go decision model as the formalism, which consists of a decision process model and a d...


We describe a case of erysipelas caused by Streptococcus Group G to draw attention to organ and systemic complications that may be associated with this disease. Group G streptococcal infection affected a 70-year old woman following a small skin wound at the base of her second left toe. On admittance to the emergency department, the patient's urine was dark from macrohematuria. She later developed septic shock. Cutaneous and renal symptoms were kept in check with antibiotic therapy, and she fully recovered from the septic shock after receiving specific therapies. This case shows that erysipelas is not just a disease of the skin and soft tissues, but one that may be associated with organ diseases and systemic complications. The patient completely recovered from both the cutaneous and kidney pathologies after antibiotic therapy.


ABSTACT: The effect of fire outbreak, gas flaring and global warming on building and environment has been considered. Different residential, commercial and industrial buildings were considered at insitu fire gutted conditions and at perimeter distance intervals of 100m, 120m, 140m, 160m, and 180m away from the flare stack respectively. The Non-destructive tests were carried on the structural members and non structural members of these facilities to determine the integrity and strength. The observed gutted markets stanchions has a minimum steel stanchion yielding strength of 9.5N/mm 2 and a maximum yielding strength of 22.8N/mm 2 for 152 stanchion studied at a temperature range of over 200°c to 300°c of 2 to 3 hours fire intensity. The observed average room temperature for vary distance intervals were 33°c, 28°c, 26°c, 25°c , 24°c, away from the flare stack. The observed strength of other structural elements i.e. beams; columns and slabs were of minimum value 9.81N/mm 2 and maximum value of 23.05N/mm 2 . The result therefore suggests that there is appreciable deterioration in the strength of both structural and non structural member due to fire outbreak, gas flaring and global warming in building.


About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonosis. One among wild animals suspected to spread the disease is bat. Bats have an important role in the spreading of viral diseases. Fruit bat is among bat species that may potentially transmit diseases to human. The transmission of diseases to human population should be associated with the ecology, behavior of bats and bat-human interaction. We observed the fruit bats ecology and behavior in their roosting sites during daytime (from sunrise to sunset) and in human villages area during night. The observation was conducted in Leuweung Sancang National Park, Garut, West Java. Bats often moved around to find a roost that meets their needs. In daytime bats hanged on cave near of beach for taking a rest and in night bats came to plantation in human villages for food. The plantation were cottonwood tree, guava tree, sapodilla tree, mango tree and rubber tree. The dominant behavior activity of bats in groups during daytime was sleeping. Other activities of bats in its group were aggression, self-grooming, wings flapping, biting, playing, fighting and maternal care. The solitary behavior of bats including sleeping and hang-relax or relaxing. The existence of bats interactions (direct contact and body fluid exchange) between individuals in the social behavior and in solitary behavior suggested a possibility of transmission of the agents among the bats such as parasite, bacteria and virus. Based on the observation, human ever had direct contact with bats such as catching and eating the bats or indirectly through contact with the bat feces and or eating the fruit eaten partly by the bats. These direct and indirect contact between human and bat may suggest a possibility of disease transmission to human.


VOLSKY JR., Theodore; MAGOON, Thomas M.; NORMAN, Warren T.; HOYT, Donald P. The outcomes of counseling and psychotherapy, theory and research. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1965, 209 p.


The best ebooks about Advances In Ophthalmology Vol 23 that you can get for free here by download this Advances In Ophthalmology Vol 23 and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as advances in ophthalmology vol 23 pasque advances in ophthalmology vol 23 mwwest advances in ophthalmology vol 23 ouaps advances in ophthalmology vol 23 fiores advances in diagnostic visual optics cagavs recent advances in ophthalmology vol 7 pdf advances in ophthalmology vol 22 microsurgery in glaucoma vol 117, no 3 book reviews international visual field advances in vitreo-retinal surgery: 23-gauge sutureless ophthalmology, bookreviews bjoj psyren 5 vols aviity januarymarch, 2013 djo anatomy and physiology essentials study guide repol recent advances in uveitic glaucoma document about advances in ophthalmology vol 10 bibliotheca issn 0972-0200 vol23, no1, july september, 2012 delhi cataract pathogenesis: results of epidemiological studies recent advances in ophthalmology 8 repol american journal of ophthalmology advances in mri and their impact on neuro-ophthalmology advanced eye surgery publications jacksonville lasik books on ophthalmology 651 mgm medical college the ophthalmologist's neuro-ophthalmology library ophthalmology update vol 12 no 2, april-june 2014 advances in ophthalmology and optometry 1e ebook africa since 1914 a historical bibliography zaraa e-vision university of minnesota filesize 55,89mb epub recent advances in pediatrics vol 15 bangalore medical college & research institute, library steven g safran, md, pa nebulaimg canadian poetry now weilun silicone sling frontalis suspension for correction of richard a erdey, md eye care center my worst date vegrus assessing prognosis in uveal melanoma electronic journals e = nova/cwis/hpdlibrary or


We show that the chiral modes in circular graphene $pn$ junctions provide an advantage for spin manipulation via spin-orbit coupling compared to semiconductor platforms. We derive the effective Hamiltonian for the spin dynamics of the junction's zero modes and calculate their quantum phases. We find a sweet spot in parameter space where the spin is fully in-plane and radially polarized for a given junction polarity. This represents a shortcut to singular spin configurations that would otherwise require spin-orbit coupling strengths beyond experimental reach.


The present invention relates to a solid bed adsorptive separation of organic acid and/or amino acids from fermentation broths containing organic acid and/or amino acid.


A heat-absorbing material of SiC based ceramic was prepared by a pressureless sintering method.Andalusite,SiC,Kaolin clay and quartz were used as the raw materials.The bending strength,thermal expansion coefficient,thermal shock resistance,thermal conductivity,refractoriness,growth rate of oxidation mass,phase composition and microstructure were analyzed.The results indicate that SiC based heat absorbing ceramic with the symmetrical microstructure has a higher refractoriness,a greater thermal conductivity,a lower thermal expansion coefficient,a lower growth rate of oxidation mass and a superior thermal shock resistance as well.The sample with optimized formulation with the bending strength of 32.52 MPa and the thermal expansion coefficient of 6.32 × 10-6 ℃-1 was obtained at the sintering temperature of 1 460 ℃.The phase composition is α-SiC,mullite and cristobalite.It was observed that there are many connected pores with the sizes of 10-20 μm in the sample.When the absorber material is replaced by SiC based ceramic,the absorber exhibits a better stability,indicating its potential applications in intermediate and high temperature absorber in tower type solar thermal power generation.


Wound infections inflict clinical and societal consequences on the patients, but its bacteriological characteristic varies with different factors. Therefore, effective treatment and management of wound infections in hospital and community setting will require detailed epidemiological knowledge of the infecting bacterial pathogens and their antibiogram peculiar to the environment. Based on this information, we examined the prevalence and antibiogram of bacterial pathogens isolated from wound infection cases seen at the hospital over the study period. A total of 392 wound swabs/ and pus of different types of wound infections from different anatomical sites and associated clinical conditions were analyzed by standard bacteriological methods. Of the 392 clinical specimens analyzed, 301(76.8%) yielded at least one bacterial pathogen, 25(6.4%) polymicrobial, no anaerobes identified and 91(23.2%) yielded no bacterial growth, gender distribution, 204(67.8%) males and 97(32.2%) females, and majority of pathogens were recovered from septic wound infections. Overall, 7 different bacterial pathogens were identified 5(71.4%) gram-negative bacteria isolates and 2(28.6%) gram-positive bacterial isolates]. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for majority of the bacterial pathogens isolated, 162(53%) followed by coliforms 62(21%) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa 57(19%). The bacterial pathogens demonstrated high resistance to ampicillin(78%), amoxicillin(66%), and cotrimoxazole(78%), in contrast to high sensitivity pattern observed with fluoroquinolones ( ofloxacin 83%,, norfloxacin 71%, ciprofloxacin 78%), erythromycin 72%, chloramphenicol 62%, gentamycin 58% and ceftazidime 60%. The relatively high number of wound infection cases seen within the study period is of public health concern, while the low number of bacterial pathogens isolated underscores the need for improvement in the laboratory diagnostic approach for effective treatment and management of wound infections.


Introduction Open tibial fractures are associated with increased risk of complications, particularly a higher risk of infections and decreased functional outcome. Objectives To evaluate the incidence of complications and the functional outcomes after managing open tibial fractures with circular fine-wire fixators. Methods Retrospective review of 35 open tibial fractures treated with circular fine-wire fixators {Ilizarov and Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF)} in a teaching hospital. Patients were reviewed with x rays and clinical outcomes measured using Iowa Knee Score questionnaire, Olerud-Molander Ankle Scores (OMAS), Ankle Evaluation Score and Euroqol EQ-5D descriptive system (generic health questionnaire). Results Ilizarov frame was used for 19 (56%) and TSF was used for 16 (44%) patients. Mean patient age was 47.1 years. 74% had high energy while 26% had low energy injury. 4 patients (12%) had grade I, 3 (9%) had grade II, 27 (79%) patients had grade III injury as per Gustilo & Anderson Classification. 14% patients had proximal, 17% had mid-shaft, 67% had distal tibial fractures respectively. Average time to union was 28.9 weeks. 12 (35%) had pin-track infection treated with antibiotics. Grade IIIB fractures healed in 29.6 weeks. 17 required soft tissue coverage and only two developed skin graft complications. There was no case of deep infection & mal-union and one patient had non-union. Patients had good satisfaction scores (EQ-5D descriptive system) following surgery (mean = 0.751). The mean Iowa Knee Evaluation score, OMAS and Ankle Evaluation score was 87.32, 73.48 and 74 respectively (maximum being 100). The ankle range of movement was similar in operated and contra lateral normal ankles. Conclusions We report fewer complications with no incidence of deep infection rates and infection only limited to superficial tissues. Healing time is considerably reduced and there are high satisfaction rates with good functional outcomes.


Food crops have long been used by the people of Goa Boma Village Monterado District Bengkayang Regency because of their simple processing and considerable availability in the forest. Based on the conditions of limitied infrastructure, accessibility and markets, it is interesting to conduct research on the Utilization of Foodstuffs at Goa Boma Village Monterado District Bengkayang Regency. The purpose of this study was to obtain data of the species and utilization pattern of plant utilization for foodstaff at Goa Boma Village. The research method is a survey method and data collection technique with interviews. Determination respondents by purposive sampling and addition also conducted abservations and literature study. Based on the results of interviews that have been conducted obtained as many as 94 spices of Goa Boma Village Monterado District Bengkayang Regency as food. Utilization patterns used as fruits were (37,23%), vegetables (27,23%), seasonings (13,82%), drinks (5,31%), carbohydrates (4,25%) and cereals (6,38%).Keywords : Food Crops, Goa Boma Village, Utilization


Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus. Although strict glycaemic control may reduce the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the neurological benefits of different insulin regimens remain relatively unknown.


ـــThe internet has become a vital component of the twenty-first century as technology has advanced. The number of new technologies emerging in tandem with the qualities supplied by the Internet is rapidly increasing. The World Wide Web (WWW), which is commonly referred to as the world's largest information environment, is a vital virtual environment in which internet users may trade, read, and publish information using a Web browser. Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0 technologies have all been seen and are still being observed in this review paper. However, there is no clear definition for Web 4.0, which is a 4th generation web technology, in the literature. Web 4.0 has multiple dimensions, as seen by the first examples that have appeared. Big data, augmented reality, machine-to-machine communication (M2M), cloud computing, and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, as well as smart agents, will be able to integrate in the future years. Web 4.0 is a web technology revolution that includes a new internet of things (IoT) that interacts with a variety of models. The goal of this study is to clarify the notion of Web 4.0, which is viewed as an intelligent and symbiotic (human-machine interaction) network with massive interfaces and linkages, as well as to contribute to the literature by studying its many dimensions and investigating its links with new generation technologies.


All transistors in use currently are based upon the laws of junctions. But due to dimensional scaling of the MOS transistors, the fabrication of the lower dimensional MOSFETs is becoming difficult due to the presence of the two junctions at source and drain sides. There is also decrement in the ON state current due to smaller dimensions of the transistors, since the current mainly flows through the inversion layer created at the SiO 2/Si interface. One alternate option for the improvement of the above mentioned characteristics was demonstrated by Colinge et. al. by Junctionless (JL) Transistors in the year 2010, which was conceptualized and patented by Lilienfield in 1925. The effect of the dimensional scaling on JL transistors are still to be explored in submicron regime. Being the depletion mode device, the JL devices are normally ON even in the absentia of the gate potential. So, to turn these devices OFF, one has to apply a gate potential. In this paper we propose a JL cylindrical surrounding gate (CSG) MOSFET using triple metal gate (TMG) structure to overcome this limitation of the Junctionless transistors. With the use of the TMG structure, many other parameters have also been observed to be improved. The analog and RF parameters of proposed junction less triple metal cylindrical surrounding gate (JLTM CSG) MOSFETs like transconductance, transconductance generation factor, intrinsic gain, early voltage, cutoff frequency, maximum frequency of oscillation, gain bandwidth product etc. have been verified to be also improved using the extensive 3D TCAD simulations.


Recursive function theory studies functions that can be evaluated by an algorithm based on some computing model such as a Turing machine or computer program. These functions are called partial recursive (p.r.) and are defined on subsets of N, where N = {0, 1,... }, with values in N. (A good introduction to the theory may be found in [2].) This paper explains the Parameter Theorem, illustrates some unusual computer programs, and explains their connection to recursive function theory. Basing our computing model on a modern high level language, we can construct programs whose existence is known through more formal means. Our functions will operate on strings rather than numbers, however. There is no loss in generality since strings can be viewed as members of N, and vice-versa. From a practical aspect, this approach is somewhat more desirable since conventional programming languages often allow making use of long strings, but place more restrictive limits on the size of integers. We first pose a problem: Does there exist a program (written in some conventional programming language) which halts if and only if its input is identical to the program's text (i.e., source code)? For the remainder of this note X is the set of ASCII characters 'a,' 'b," +,' space, line feed, and so forth, needed to write programs in most programming languages. We denote by X * the set of all strings (finite sequences) over X. Let P1 be the set of all one variable partial recursive functions on X *. A function I belongs to P1 if and only if there is a subset of S of X* and some algorithm which computes 't by associating with each element of S a well-defined element of X *. Similarly, 't belongs to P2 if and only if there is a set S c X * X X *, and an algorithm for 't which associates with each element of S a well-defined element of X *. A partial recursive function I in P1 (or in P2) is recursive if the algorithm is defined on all of X * (or X * X X *). This is equivalent to saying that the algorithm which evaluates I always halts. Our computing model will be based on Adat; its high-level string-handling properties simplify later examples. For readability, however, we will express algorithms in a more familiar Pascal-like style. Readers familiar with either programming language should find forthcoming algorithms sufficiently clear. A formal presentation in Ada is given in the Appendix. A string of ASCII characters, such as in FIGURE 1, represents a function in our language which takes strings to strings. Of course, strings of ASCII characters such as "The quick brown fox" and "%*!!" represent nothing at all in our programming language. Let A1 be the set of all strings in X * representing functions in our language of one input STRING which outputs a STRING. Similarly let A2 be the set of all strings in


In Ecuador in recent years, various laws have been developed specifically in the area of taxation, such as the creation of the Solidarity Law and Citizens' Stewardship, increasing a percentage of 2% to Value Added Tax (VAT) with the Purpose of creating an economic fund to be able to solve the expenses caused by the natural disaster suffered on April 16, 2016 in the provinces of Esmeraldas, Manabi, Los Rios, Santa Elena, Guayas and Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas; taking into consideration that the taxes are the primary source of funding of the general budget of the state, thus helping to cover public spending to meet the needs of society. With the increase of this tax, the government assumes the responsibility to help the devastated areas without taking into account that this fact would be affecting the economy, that is the reason why some businesses have been affected because this tax directly incurred in the low level of sales and in some cases affect the profit when the companies decide to assume the cost of this increase, for this reason this research was carried to know the incidence caused by the increase of VAT in the hardware sector, through an economic analysis, in order to evaluate the results obtained. The method used for this research was the deductive one allowing to check from the general to the particular, knowing global aspects of the subject, through, the execution of a survey as an instrument of collection of information run to the owners of the hardware stores. The incidence that was found was high since it was possible to detect that the hardware stores in 2016 according to their sales fell approximately 15% to 20%, some of them had to lay off staff and thus increasing unemployment.


Lung injury causes important morbidity and mortality in newborns by disrupting pulmonary vascular function and alveolar development. Recent evidence suggests that IL‐1β signaling plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of newborn lung disease. But the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Previously we showed that nitric oxide (NO) and cGMP signaling regulate pulmonary blood flow and development in newborns. Furthermore, we determined that disruption of cGMP signaling during newborn lung injury accentuates pulmonary disease. Accordingly, here we determined whether IL‐1β inhibits cGMP signaling in the newborn lung.


The main theme of the workshop is to develop approaches to dependable systematic on-line system upgrading. The workshop aims at: bringing together practitioners, researchers and system developers working on the issues related to online upgrading of distributed systems; developing a better understanding of the problems that developers face while dealing with on-line system upgrading; defining a research agenda for developing distributed upgradable systems. We sought submissions from both industry and academia on all topics related to on-line upgrading of distributed systems. This "Dependable On-line Upgrading of Distributed Systems" workshop broadens the discussion from the 'simple' upgrading of objects in a closed environment to the asynchronous integration of upgraded components (objects, tasks, interfaces, etc.) in a distributed, independently managed, heterogeneous environment in which dependability is key. Inevitable in this environment is the possibility of upgrade errors and mismatches.


After the adoption of its first constitution in 1996, Ukraine received one of the most democratic constitutions in Europe. For these democratic principles to be implemented, however, other legal acts were necessary to ensure that the constitutional provisions were exercised. The constitutional changes in 2004 were to repair this situation. As it turned out, a hasty and ill-considered reform has brought more harm than good. After the 2010 election, the President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych canceled the 2004 constitutional reform and Ukraine returned to the presidential model of government. The paper is an attempt to describe the problems of public administration reform and analyze the positive and negative consequences of constitutional reforms in modern Ukraine.


Aims: To investigate the effect of the oxidative stress of ozone on the microbial inactivation, cell membrane integrity and permeability and morphology changes of Escherichia coli.


The following tips are offered for the graduation project in this paper in view of the present situation: students should be educated in conceiving a proper concept of talents;the great importance of employment and career building should be emphasized;professors should learn to be instructors;the project should be started right from the beginning of students' social practice;their graduation fieldwork should be fully used to improve the quality of the graduation project;the graduation project should be regarded as their pre-job training;and the scope of the graduation project should be enlarged.


Stone-monuments, distributed in this area, have been investigated and studied in geological and conservational points of view. They are seemed to have been built from the Shilla to Koryeo Kingdoms, although more systematic studies are needed. The used rocks in these monuments are mainly biotite gran...


This paper while emphasising the importance of the concept of financial stability in the wake of recent global financial crisis attempts to highlight the significance of the soundness of banking sector in emerging economies where banking sector constitutes a lion's share in the financial system. Attempt is made to define financial stability in backdrop of the ongoing definition debate for financial stability. Another contribution of this study is that, employing the appropriate key determinants of banking sector soundness, the paper models a basic axiomatic form of banking stability index (BSI) in the context of an emerging economy banking sector.


As developed for many years,the BOSS has been able to provide quasi real-time charging function based on call data record.But the charging manner based on CDR brings an arrearage risk to telecommunication operators,so it is necessary for them to control this risk.This paper discussed a scheme to control arrrearage risks based on mobile intelligent network.Mechanism of the scheme was described in detail and its implementation in mobile intelligent network system was introduced.This implementation can provide the BOSS with real-time charging function and reduce arrearage risks effectively.


Drawing from History, from Theories of Culture, and from Communications, this article  addresses how the Pantanal transitioned from inexistence to paradise. The analysis begins with the vacuum in the official history that concealed the western frontier, as if nothing beyond the line of the Treaty of Tordesilhas existed; visits narratives written by those who crossed its rivers and wetlands in the 16th and 17th centuries; draws from descriptions of it as an island, a swamp, an ocean, and such; and arrives in the 21st Century, in which it is still viewed polemically by the media with an eye very similar to that of its visitors 300 years ago. From this study, one can perceive traces of the first miscegenation in Pantanal's culture continuing on to the present.


Let $(W,S)$ be a Coxeter system of finite rank and let $J,K\subset S$. We study the rationality of the Poincare series of the set of representatives of minimal length of $(W_J,W_K)$-double cosets of $W$: we conclude that it depends mostly on the rationality of the Poincare series of the normalizers of finite parabolic subgroups of $W$. For affine Weyl groups, we prove that all these series are rational and we give some explicit examples.


The world is facing the COVID-19 pandemic threat, In this work epidemiological analysis is carried out using Susceptible Carrier Infection Recovery (SCIR )model and the effect of drone based disinfectant spray in the public places are analyzed .The mathematical models are now fundamental tools in perception of the infectious diseases and helps in planning the control measures to prevent the spread of the disease. The reproduction number where analyzed on the disease spread pattern using SCIR Model. The effect of corona virus in Indian cities where studied before and after the drone disinfectant spray. It is found that after the sanitization operation, the infection and carrier cases are reduced. This model helps in analyzing the steps involved to curtail the spread of infection further.


There is much debate on whether the EU Member States' systems of funding undertakings entrusted with public service obligations – such as a regional bus company, an electricity firm, or a public broadcaster – are compatible with the EC state aid rules provided by Art. 87 EC Treaty. In its landmark judgement in Altmark Trans, the ECJ established four very strict conditions under which compensation payments to providers of public services fall outside the scope of Art. 87 (1) EC Treaty and therefore need not to be notified to the Commission under Art. 88 (3) EC Treaty. In reaction to Altmark Trans, the Commission in its "modernisation package" published in February 2004 proposed, firstly, a Draft Group Exemption Decision which, on the basis of Art. 86 (2) EC Treaty, is supposed to exempt compensation payments to public service undertakings not exceeding certain de-minimis thresholds from the notification obligation under Art. 88 (3) EC Treaty; and, secondly, a Draft Community Framework on public service compensation which sets out further requirements according to which the Commission intends to justify, under Art. 86 (2) EC Treaty, certain compensation payments which do not satisfy the criteria of Altmark Trans and of the Draft ZWeR 3/2004 Die Zwangslizenz als Instrument der Wettbewerbspolitik 379 Group Exemption Decision. The authors describe the very sophisticated evaluation system created by Altmark Trans and the Commission's modernisation package and analyse how the Commission already has started to apply this system in its recent state aid decisions dealing with the funding of public broadcasters.


This paper summarizes and analyzes the experience and result on the research of diving talent selection within 20 years,and shows the advantage and disadvantage in the selection.It can be used as a reference to the talent selection for diving professionals.


As to obtain whichever related information about the molecular formula, there are numerous of mass spectrometry applications accessible either web-based or windows-based systems as to calculate the isotope patterns. Additionally, most of the applications are capable to display the mass spectrum as to gain related information on molecules and the particular relative intensity. We have developed TIG as an alternative towards isotope pattern calculator, reinforcing the concept of calculating isotope pattern by using the Cartesian Products. In this paper, we provide an evaluation result for the isotope pattern calculator; Theoretical Isotope Generator (TIG). It is also shown from the evaluation that TIG provides an insight of the related field as well as what should be possessed to be an ideal isotope pattern calculator principally for educational purposes.


Three reinforced concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber sheets under cyclic loading were tested.Analyses were made from the seismic shear capacity,displacement of column top,ductility,hysteretic curve,skeleton curve etc of the seismic behaviors of the specimens columns.The research indicates that concrete columns strengthened with enwrap carbon fiber sheets,improved the seismic shear capacity quite evidence.Because of the increase in the initial stiffness,it can improve the deformation capacity and increase the ductility of the columns obviously,and increase seismic energy dissipation.The seismic behaviors of the reinforced concrete columns improved evidently.Contrast analysis between two layer and one layer enwrap carbon fiber sheets indicate,that two methods have little influence on the structure.The reason is strengthened with enwrap carbon fiber sheets increase the seismic behaviors of the concrete columns is the hooping effect enhance the restrain,add the layer number to increase the restraint effect is finite.


The invention discloses an electricity saving method for mobile terminal video playing and a system thereof and a mobile terminal. The method comprises the steps that residual electricity of the mobile terminal is detected when the mobile terminal plays videos, and switching of a video playing mode is performed when electricity reaches a preset threshold value; video stream data are acquired again by a sampling interval of video stream sampling greater than the sampling interval before switching of the video playing mode, and new video playing sequences are formed by the video data streams acquired again; and the new video playing sequences are outputted to a player to be displayed and played. Video playing frame rate can be changed when electricity of the mobile terminal is lower than the designated threshold, electricity of the mobile terminal is saved by video playing of low frame rate and time of video watching is prolonged for a user so that the requirement of complete video watching can be met for the user.


This paper analyzed the effect of deflection routing on network performance and the sending end controlled deflection routing technology, propesed an improved scheme based on threshold checking and data updating. In this scheme, the edge nodes can quickly update the status informations of network, and transfer the informations such as the link blocking distribution through special control packets. The switching nodes can perform threshold checking, determine the burst transmission mode in the case of competition, so as to reduce the influence of deflection routing on network load, decrease the network blocking probability, and improve the network performance.


A wide input range differential dual band RF energy harvesting system has been designed and presented for a battery less RFID applications. The proposed architecture includes an off-chip differential dual band antenna with differnetial dual band matching network followed by a CMOS cross coupled rectifier for RF-DC conversion which replaces a battery in several RFID applications. The proposed differential dual band matching network for the rectifier provides a peak efficiency of 60% at -12 dBm at 0.9 GHz and 64% at -16 dBm at 1.8 GHz. The proposed architecture achieves better efficiency for lower input power ranges from -20 dBm to 8 dBm which implemented using UMC 0.18µm CMOS Technology.


The geochemistry of Fe, Ti and Al and the grain-size distribution were studied in 32 surficial sediment samples from San Quintin coastal lagoon (SQCL) in Ba...


Based on Focus 400 ASIC truescale image processing chip, a PC to TV scan converter with high resolution is developed in the paper. The video format conversion principle and the function struture of FS400 chip are discussed. The video convertor systemic design of hardware and software structure is proposed, and its function and operation process is given. Applying the proposed convertor in a video system, the test results show that its every function is correct, and its oupt image is in high quality, so it is adapted to family cinema and video broadcast application.


This paper investigates the quality and corrosion property of Ni-free Co-Cr alloy joints soldered and laser welded using filler. The soldered and laser-welded test specimens were sectioned at the center and rejoined by either soldering or laser welding using appropriate fillers. The joint area was analyzed using microfocus X-ray and the percentage of porosity, as a measure of joint quality, was calculated. The corrosion behavior of soldered and laser-welded test specimens was evaluated using a potentiodynamic polarization technique in a 0.9 wt.% NaCl solution, pH 2.3, at 37°C. The results indicated that the amount of porosity and cracks in soldered joints were less than those of the laser-welded joints, leading to a lower corrosion rate.


The aim of this paper is to quantify the zeta potential in cement-based materials, which is the one of the main parameters of the electrical double layer occurring at the interface between the pore walls and the pore solution during ionic transfer. Measurements of the zeta potential were carried out meaning the electrophoresis technique. It is shown that the tested materials concretes, mortars and cement pastes manufactured with three types of ordinary Portland cement and blended cement (CEMI, II and V, according to European standards) present a negative zeta potential when sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide solutions or deionised water are used as a support solution. When sodium chloride is added in the solution, the zeta potential tends to become positive. The inversion of the potential is explained by releases of Ca2+ by the portlandite and calcium-silicate-hydrate. It is also demonstrated that aggregates seem to be reactive since they present a negative zeta potential.


The reactions of 4-ethyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (ETD) (1) and 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PhTD) (2) with 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) (3) were investigated at room temperature. The reactions are very fast and are completed in less than 4 min. These reactions lead to the formation of two 2 :1 adducts via double Diels-Alder and Diels-Alder-ene reactions in a ratio of 1.35 : 1. The structure of these adducts where R = Et were determined by X-ray analysis of a single crystal. These compounds were used as models for the polymerization reactions. The reaction of bistriazolinediones (1,6-bis-(3,5-dioxo-1,2,4-triazoline-4-yl)hexane and bis-(p-3,5-dioxo-1,2,4-triazoline-4-ylphenyl)methane) with (3) were carried out in dimethylformanide (DMF). The reactions are fast and gave novel copolymers via repetitive double Diels-Alder and Diels-Alder-ene polyaddition reactions. These polymers have intrinsic viscosities in a range about 0.08 to 0.31 dl g -1 in DMF. Some physical properties and structural characterization of these copolymers have been studied and are reported.


Uprooting of trees, collapse and infilling of former root channels, movement of soil by earthworms, ants and other fauna cause local variations in forest soils and help explain the necessity for collecting a large number of samples for some kinds of analyses.


Subcritical transition to turbulence in spatially developing boundary layer flows can be triggered efficiently by finite amplitude perturbations. In this work, we employ adjoint-based optimization to identify optimal initial perturbations in the Blasius boundary layer, culminating in the computation of the subcritical transition critical energy threshold and the associated fully localized critical optimum in a spatially extended configuration, the so called minimal seed. By dynamically rescaling the variables with the local boundary layer thickness, we show that the identified edge trajectory approaches the same attracting phase space region as previously reported edge trajectories, and reaches the region more efficiently.


We are primarily concerned here with the question of integrability of the total demand in a model in which each consumer acts according to a cardinal utility function and has a fixed monetary income. It is well known that concavity of the various utilities is not sufficient to guarantee integrability, nor even to ensure rationality of the revealed preference. We show that if each personal utility function is homogeneous, in addition to satisfying the usual regularity conditions, then an aggregate utility function can be defined explicitly in terms of the given utilities. Furthermore, under the same assumptions we give a new characterization of equilibrium and show that equilibrium satisfactions are unique.


The numerical algorithm for the decision of non-stationary two-dimensional problems of dynamics of compressible multi phase media is developed on the base of the method of particles in cells. With the purpose of elimination of non-physical fluctuations of the numerical decision inherent in methods of this type, there are offered method of integration of the equation of mass conservation and procedure of determination of pressure in nodes of numerical grid. On the base of algorithm some examples of modeling were executed: propagation of gas detonation with cellular structure in tube, explosion in a planet interiors and bubble detonation.


The evidence is presented that sexuality is probably a quality of all tissues, and that it implies differences in excitation process composition.

The differences found in excitation process composition are then applied in explanation of divers sex differences of psychic life.


As a spiritual product of mankin,news should contain two kinds of way to seek knowledge and beauty.However,news has had nothing to to do with beauty for a long time.This viewpoint has weakened news for seeking beauty.A lot of news has been made to be insipid,utter lack of substance and stereotyped because of this.Image beauty is the most important factor in news appreciation,so it must be expressed by many literary methods in order to stengthen it.It's no doubt that they are the key routes to improve the beauty value of literary product.


Along with the changes on the socio-economic structure caused by the economic system transition,the spiritual world of Chinese planners is impacted in an unprecedented way,and many of them are facing value loss and orientation misplacement.On the basis of a review on the pioneer planners' exploration on humanistic spirits and a critical analysis on the traditional aristocratic spirit,knight spirit from the West and the scholar-bureaucratic spirit from Ancient China,the paper suggests that six points are crucial for rebuilding the spiritual values of contemporary planners,which are descent morality,healthy spirit,elegant heart,distinguished ideal,respectable ethics,and delicate artistic forms.


Hydrodynamic coefficients in the motion equations of any underwater vehicle are inherent characteristics of the body geometry, the geometry and location of control surfaces and other appendages and separation of centers of gravity and buoyancy. This paper reports the prediction of values of straight-line hydrodynamic coefficients for a portable autonomous underwater vehicle (PAUV) by using empirical methods and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which is being developed by Northwestern Polytechnical University for ocean reconnaissance. At the same time, hydrodynamic coefficients test results in wind tunnel are shown in this paper. And computational results by empirical methods and CFD are compared with experimental results from wind tunnel tests of the same PAUV. It is proved that the trends in variation of forces and moments are captured well by CFD.


Since the publication in 1840 of a brief but valuable memoir by J. D. Forbes, in which that author drew attention to "the traces of ancient glaciers" in the Cuillin Hills, that district has remained almost unnoticed by glacial geologists for half a century. This neglect is doubtless attributable chiefly to the difficulty of access to the mountains, a consequence of their peculiar configuration, which in turn is closely bound up with the glacial history of the district. The present contribution is the outcome of observations made during the years 1895–1900 in mapping the central part of Skye for the Geological Survey of Scotland. In traversing the mountains day after day throughout several successive seasons, the writer has been struck especially by the impressive evidence which they present of glacial erosion as the dominant factor in their sculpture, and to enforce this is the chief object of the present communication.


The volume production of negative hydrogen ions ( H − ) in plasma ion sources is based on dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to rovibrationally excited hydrogen molecules (H2), which is a two-step process requiring both, hot electrons for ionization, and vibrational excitation of the H2 and cold electrons for the H − formation through DEA. Traditionally H − ion sources relying on the volume production have been tandem-type arc discharge sources equipped with biased filament cathodes sustaining the plasma by thermionic electron emission and with a magnetic filter separating the main discharge from the H − formation volume. The main motivation to develop ion sources based on radiofrequency (RF) or electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma discharges is to eliminate the apparent limitation of the cathode lifetime. In this paper we summarize the principles of H − volume production dictating the ion source design and highlight the differences between the arc discharge and RF/ECR ion sources from both, physics and technology point-of-view. Furthermore, we introduce the state-of-the-art RF and ECR H − volume production ion sources and review the challenges and future prospects of these yet developing technologies.


10002Background: We examined associations of body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in the Pathways Study, a prospective cohort study of ...


This article studies a boundary value problem of fractional q-difference equations with integral boundary conditions. Some new existence results are obtained by using Avery-Peterson fixed point theorem. An example is also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the main result.


The phenomena of the heavy-fermion superconductivity (HFS) of CeCu 2 Si 2 and UBe 13 were theoretically inveotigated by starting from the periodic Anderson lattice model and considering the interaction between the localized electrons and the localized lattice deformation. Throngh the calculations, we obtained a reasonable superconducting transition temperature T c and showed that the parameter which describes the isotopic effect a<1/2, even equals to zero (in BCS theory a = 1/2). We showed that the isotopic effect is smaller in our theory than that in BCS theory, even there could exist no isotopic effect in our model, the result is in agreement with the experimental facts of HFS. In addition, the curves of the order parameters varing with the temperature and the density of state are given and the conclusion of f-electrons to be responsible for HFS can be obtained naturally.


[Abstract] In recent years, with the development of novel ultrasonic techniques, ultrasonography has been widely used as a non-invasive examination method in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Conventional ultrasound combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound has great significance in the diagnosis and the long-term observation of treatment of tuberculosis, contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with interventional ultrasound techniques can improve the success rate of percutaneous lung puncture, and endobronchial ultrasound has definite diagnostic value for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with negative results in sputum smear or sputum culture bacteriological examination. In this paper, we reviewed the progress of conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung puncture and endobronchial ultrasound in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. [Key words] pulmonary tuberculosis; contrast-enhanced ultrasound; interventional ultrasound; endobronchial ultrasound [Acad J Sec Mil Med Univ, 2018, 39(10): 1092-1095]


The objective of this project is to identify single chemical agents that exhibit a desirable rheological property whereby if such a chemical is dissolved in salt water it increases the solution viscosity significantly with time. We term that behavior as 'self-thickening' and have nicknamed this as 'T85 technology'. As detailed in the original project proposal, such single chemical products can be applied to advantage as agents for selectively slowing or blocking high flow water channels in subsurface oil reservoirs. The net effect is a decrease in water and an increase in oil flow and production. The initial testing has focused on five different synthetic co-polymers that have two or more chemical groups. These chemicals were dissolved at a concentration of 2500 ppm into different salt solutions (sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride) that encompass a range of dissolved salt concentrations. For the sodium chloride and potassium chloride solutions the salt concentration ranged from 1-5 wt%. The calcium chloride dihydrate sample concentrations ranged from 0.1-1 wt%. One set of samples being aged at 25 C and a second set at 50 C. Viscosity measurements versus aging time show two of these agents may exhibit apparent self-thickening behavior under certain salinity and temperature conditions. Generally the effect is greater in lower salinity NaCl brines and at 25 C. Preliminary flow experiments confirm that the aged fluids exhibit increased effective viscosity while flowing through a porous medium (sand pack). These flow tests include the case of the chemical fluid being aged on the bench before injection into a sand pack, and also a second series of sand packs where fresh chemical fluid is injected and allowed to age in-situ. Thus, the results of the static ageing tests together with the flow tests are a technical validation of the T85 concept.


The four indexes of heat treatment oil in use,including flash point,kinematic viscosity,moisture and carbon residue,were detected and analyzed through investigating some heat treatment enterprises.The results show that the index of carbon residue is much over standard and that of movement viscosity is next.In the light of the deterioration of various heat treatment oils,the measures of oil refinement are put forward.


This report presents the findings of "Vertical Living Kids", an 18 month research project which ran from July 2008 to December 2009 and was funded by the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth). The research had two objectives: to explore the physical and social environmental determinants of Children's Independent Mobility (CIM - the ability of children, in this case children aged 8-12, to autonomously explore public space) in central Melbourne high rise housing; and to uncover international best practice planning policy for these communities. Forty children and their parents (18 living in public housing and 22 in privately owned housing) participated in this research project. A range of qualitative and quantitative methods were used, including children having 'a week with a camera' and creating an annotated collage of their pictures; a travel activity diary filled out by children; GPS monitoring to supplement the travel diary in terms of knowing where children go in the day; a parental survey; and a desk-top best practice policy review. Authors: Dr. Carolyn Whitzman, Associate Professor in Urban Planning and Ms. Dana Mizrachi, Research Associate, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, University of Melbourne


A case of primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra is presented and the usefulness of an immunohistochemical diagnostic approach is discussed.


Avelumab, an anti–programmed death‐ligand 1 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma and platinum‐treated urothelial carcinoma, was initially approved with a 10 mg/kg weight‐based dose. We report pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic analyses for avelumab comparing weight‐based dosing and a flat 800 mg dose, developed using data from 1,827 patients enrolled in 3 clinical trials (NCT01772004, NCT01943461, and NCT02155647). PK metrics were simulated for weight‐based and flat‐dosing regimens and summarized by quartiles of weight. Derived exposure metrics were used in simulations of exposure‐safety (various tumors) and exposure‐efficacy (objective responses; Merkel cell or urothelial carcinoma). Flat dosing was predicted to provide similar exposure to weight‐based dosing, with slightly lower variability. Exposure‐safety and exposure‐efficacy simulations suggested similar benefit:risk profiles for the two dosing regimens. These pharmacometric analyses provided the basis for the US Food and Drug Administration approval of a flat dose of avelumab 800 mg every 2 weeks in approved indications.


The effect on muscle spindle development of multiple exposure to x-irradiation was studied in the soleus and plantaris muscles of young rats. Growth in muscle volume and extrafusal fiber cross-sectional area was strongly reduced following exposures of 2400 to 4100 rad given within two weeks after birth. Spindles also demonstrated reduction in size of the nuclear bag and chain intrafusal fibers in the irradiated as compared to the contralateral muscle, but the difference was relatively less than that of the extrafusal fibers. The intracapsular space was reduced in some heavily irradiated spindles to the point where virtually no space was seen beneath the capsule wall. The number of clearly recognizable spindles was less in the heavily irradiated muscles. Essentially similar results were found in one rat given a single exposure to 4000 rad. The effects on the fibers are interpreted to indicate relative resistance to irradiation in development of the intrafusal musculature as compared to extrafusal fibers.


This paper proposes a new data structure, multiset-trie, that is designed for storing and efficiently processing a set of multisets. Moreover, multiset-trie can operate on a set of sets without efficiency loss. The multiset-trie structure is a search tree with properties similar to those of a trie. It implements all standard search tree operations together with the multiset containment operations for searching sub-multisets and super-multisets. Suppose that we have a set of multisets S and a multiset X. The multiset containment operations retrieve multisets from S that are either sub-multisets or super-multisets of X. We present the mathematical analysis of a multiset-trie that gives the time complexity of the algorithms and the space complexity of the data structure. Further, the empirical analysis of the data structure is implemented in a series of experiments. The experiments illuminate the time complexity space of the multiset containment operations.


This research was aimed at finding out whether there was any significant difference on students" grammar mastery between students who joined IET program and those who did not join at the first semester students of English Education Department in the academic year 2014/2015. A descriptive comparative method involving 60 students selected as the research subject had been used in this research, 30 students as students who joined IET program and 30 students as students who did not join IET program. The test consisted of multiple choice items and completion items had been used to collect the primary data, while observation had been conducted to collect the secondary data of the research. This study focused on six tenses, they were simple present, present continuous, simple past, past continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous. The technique of data analysis used was t-test. The t-test result of simple present was lower than t-table (0.476 1.673). The t-test result of simple past was lower than t-table (0.642 1.488). Moreover, t-test result of present perfect and present perfect continuous was also lower than t-table. It could be concluded that there was significant difference between students who joined IET program and those who did not join only in the present continuous tense. In conclusion, there was significant difference on students" grammar mastery between students who joined IET program and those who did not join IET program.


We studied the energy level statistics for one parameter family of oval billiards whose classical phase space consists of some regular and some irregular components. As the parameter is varied, a transition from an integrable system to a strongly chaotic one occurs with successive bifurcations. We applied the Berry-Robnik formula to the level-spacing distributions for a variety of shapes of quantum oval billiards and found some striking effects of bifurcations in the classical mechanical systems on the level-spacing distributions. The validity of the Berry-Robnik formula is also checked for those shapes of the oval billiard for which there exist two separated chaotic components in the phase space.


The ASCE's body of knowledge for the 21st century and vision for civil engineering in 2025 outline skills and capabilities necessary for civil engineers to create a sustainable world. An undergraduate course at Georgia Institute of Technology introduces undergraduates to a systems-sustainability approach to civil and environmental engineering, applying systems methods to analyze decisions over the life cycle of large-scale civil-engineered facilities. This paper discusses voluntary and systematic improvements introduced in the course over a 2-year period to develop research and information skills in the students. A workshop on information sources and skills was developed, offered and assessed over multiple semesters using a team-based course project. The term project requires students to select one or two large-scale civil-engineered facilities, evaluate them using the integrated systems-sustainability framework presented in the course, and develop a written report and oral presentation to present their w...


Education of responsibility is a necessary part of moral education for college students.With the negative influence of marketing economy,the disconnection of the higher education and Elite-orientation,the conflict of dream and reality,the sense of responsibility is increasingly diluting among the college students.Colleges and universities are expected to emphasize the education of responsibility for reconstructing the sense of their social responsibility by encouraging them to build their ideals and beliefs,creating positive atmosphere of campus culture,guiding them to involve in social practice so as to develop a group of cornerstones for social construction with ability,high quality,and energy.


Pipe pressure steam curing the present invention is the use of waste heat and re-use of sulfur dioxide Desulfurization: the high temperature steam pressure in the autoclave and the temperature condensate vapors into the pressure gas tank is flashed steam introduced into the steam flashed pond or other a pressurized steam autoclave, to achieve heat recovery; steam pond complete secondary usage of condensed water vapors and high temperature by heat exchange system for preheating boiler water, the condensed water introduced into the water film then preheated boiler dust, re-use of the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and the condensed water. The techniques of this disclosure rational utilization of high temperature heat and the vapor condensate, using a flash technique, a reasonable process, high utilization recovered and, after heat recovery, again with a higher pH of the condensed water cooling characteristics, for coal-fired boiler smoke dust removal and desulfurization, reduce environmental pollution, simple equipment, reduce costs, significant economic and environmental benefits.


During the market evolution, a brand new structural-functional model of the social marketing concept was forming based on the interaction between three sectors of the economy and society as the consumer and regulator. Modern economic conditions facilitate the development of a scientific-methodological interpretation of social marketing based on the simultaneous consideration of many factors, including the profits of the commercial sector, the level of demand of consumers and society as a whole, the quality of the social effect from the activity of non-profit organizations, the public sector, etc. The relevance of studying the modern concept of social marketing, its structural-functional model, specific aspects of interaction between its structural elements, and technologies of practical implementation consists in finding and substantiating methods and ways of maximizing the positive social effect in society, which would in turn strengthen and improve the efficiency of the socio-economic development of the country. Aim . The presented study aims to examine methodological approaches to the formation of the concept of social marketing in the context of modern economic transformations. Tasks . The authors develop a structural-functional model of social marketing and the specific features of its structural elements; analyze problems that arise during the interaction of the public, commercial, and non-profit sectors and society as the consumer and regulator; substantiate possible technologies for implementing social marketing under modern economic conditions. Methods . This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, analysis of scientific works of foreign and Russian authors on the evolution and specific aspects of social marketing, and its methodology. Results . The authors substantiate the structural-functional model of the modern concept of social marketing, analyze the problems of interaction between its structural elements, and present the fundamental technology for implementing social marketing that would help outweigh the arising problems of interaction between three sectors of the economy and would be aimed at maximizing the positive social effect in society. Conclusions . Systematic implementation of the modern concept of social marketing makes it possible to maximize the positive social effect for the target groups under specific market conditions; ensures healthy competition and competitiveness of all market actors, irrespective of the directions and types of activity, for the limited resources of society and investments; provides the necessary funding for the activity of successful market actors and ensures efficient use and maximization of the limited resources of society.


William Hogarth, Miss Mary Edwards. (Copyright The Frick Col lection, New York.) 1 742, oil on canvas, 49 3/4 X 37 7/8. This painting is useful for Journal Prompt4. Introduction This interdisciplinary unit engages high school students in the study of life in the American colonies and is appropriate for both English and American history classes. Daniel Defoe was an observant journalist who recorded historical events and also created imaginative truths; thus his novel serves as both artifact and source. Although he never visited the American colonies, his famous creation, Moll Flanders, spends two periods there, first as the wife of a respected sea captain and planter, who turns out to be her brother, and later as a convicted thief who connives to be transported to Virginia, along with her true love, a highwayman. Moll tells us on the tide page she was "Born in NEWGATE, and during a Life of continu'ed Variety for Threescore Years, besides her Childhood, was Twelve Years a Whore, five times a Wife (whereof once to her own Brother) Twelve Years a Thief, Eight Year a Transported Felon in Virginia, at last grew Rich, liv'd Honest, and died a Penitent.'1 We meet her as a child of three, dependent on the charity ofthe parish, and we leave her a rich woman of almost seventy, returned to London from her plantation on Maryland's Eastern Shore and writing under a pseudonym until "I dare own who I have been, as well as who I am" (1). Although I have used Moll Flanders in an Advanced Placement English course in a unit on "women warriors" and emigration literature, I have found it to be a text that captivates students' interest in colonial era history as well. The novel allows students to see life in the American colonies from the viewpoint of an experienced but far from perfect human being who travels to the New World anxious to begin a new life. Students find her a fascinating guide to the era, but perhaps more importandy, they also quickly come to view her as a human being facing adventures in a setting as new to her as the surface of Mars is to them. Her story further brings history alive by dramatizing issues in


According to the structural features of ECT system,the critical issues of ECT technology were given and their recent development were introduced,including the research on the small capacitance detection,image reconstruction algorithm,"soft field" characteristics and data acquisition speed.


The purpose of this study is to identify personality type of project director which will contribute to the project success. The aim of the study is to determine and give a suggestion to top management JKR the suitable personality type of project director which can contribute the project success. The objectives of this paper are to identify the personality type in list of project success in JKR, to assess the project success based on manager's perception, to determine correlation between personality type and project success and to determine the influence between personality type and project success. The survey method is used in this study and was distributed to 90 respondents and 73 respondents required in this study. The respondents are selected among the professional and management category ranging from grade J54 to J41 of project team which won the Project Management Best Practice Award in JKR in each categories of award. Data gathered from questionnaire will be analyses using descriptive statistic method (mean, median, percentage and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regressions). From the analysis, it showed that current personality among Project Director are conscientiousness personality, agreeableness personality and openness personality. Project success definition in JKR can be determine as a project completed by managing project risks efficiently, by proper and conducive project plan, with minimum or agreed upon scope changes, at the proper performance or specification level and with acceptance by the customer/user. The correlation between personality and project success showed relationship with openness personality, extroversion personality, and emotional stability personality. In determining the influence between personality and project success it showed less influence with personality. But openness personality showed influence in project success


The Alzheimer's amyloid-β precursor protein (βAPP) is a type 1 membrane-spanning protein from which the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is proteolytically derived. To date, attempts to identify the enzymes responsible for Aβ generation have failed. Here we report the accumulation of Aβ-immunoreactive peptides in yeast expressing human βAPP. Characterization of these peptides by metabolic labeling, immunoprecipitation with Aβ-specific antibodies, and N-terminal radiosequencing indicates that these peptides include the Aβ peptide at their N termini. The Aβ-like peptides generated in yeast were recovered predominantly as 8- and 12–14-kDa species. A 4-kDa species was recovered either when a protease-deficient strain was used to prevent breakdown or when the 8- and 12–14-kDa species were treated with disaggregating agents. The likely existence in yeast of enzymes generating the Aβ N terminus indicates that the molecular identification of yeast β-secretase-like enzymes may be accomplished using genetic screens or empirical approaches based upon the sequenced genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Topical rapamycin significantly improves facial angiofibromas secondary to tuberous sclerosis complex, according to data from a 6-month randomized placebo-controlled study.


Purpose of review The role of the human papillomavirus in the pathogenesis has been the subject of many publications in the recent literature. The physical state of the human papillomavirus and the role of chromosomal aneuploidy has been reported. This review discusses the recent pathological mechanisms described in the genesis of human papillomavirus-related disease. Recent findings The mere presence of the human papillomavirus is not sufficient for the development of neoplasia. Genetic and other co-factors seem to be necessary for the expression of the invasive phenotype. The expression of human papillomavirus 16 E6–E7 oncogenes results in chromosomal aneuploidy, favouring the integration of high-risk human papillomavirus genomes into cellular chromosomes. The integration of human papillomavirus 16 may not always be required for the progression to the invasive phenotype unlike human papillomavirus 18 DNA. Such integration sites are randomly distributed over the whole genome. The genetic susceptibility of codon 98 of the fragile histadine triad has been elucidated. Summary Various molecular mechanisms of human papillomavirus-associated neoplasia are discussed. The interaction between HIV and human papillomavirus are complex and favour the persistence and progression of cervical disease. Future research should pave the way for therapeutic vaccine development. Abbreviations CIN: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; FHIT: fragile histidine triad; HPV: human papillomavirus; TSLC 1: tumour suppressor in lung cancer 1.


This research was aimed to extract association rules on the morbidity and mortality of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The dataset has four attributes that determine morbidity and mortality; including Confirmed Cases, New Cases, Deaths, and New Deaths. The dataset was obtained as of 2nd April, 2020 from the WHO website and converted to transaction format. The Apriori algorithm was then deployed to extract association rules on these attributes. Six rules were extracted: Rule 1. {Deaths, NewDeaths}=>{NewCases}, Rule 2. {ConfCases, NewDeaths}=>{NewCases}, Rule 3. {ConfCases, Deaths}=>{NewCases}, Rule 4. {Deaths, NewCases}=>{NewDeaths}, Rule 5. {ConfCases, Deaths}=>{NewDeaths}, Rule 6. {ConfCases, NewCases}=>{NewDeaths}, with confidence 0.96, 0.96, 0.86, 0.66, 0.59, 0.51 respectively. These rules provide useful information that is vital on how to curtail further spread and deaths from the virus, both in areas where the pandemic is already ravaging and in areas yet to experience the outbreak.


This paper first presents a superdirective frequency-invariant beamforming method for circular sensor arrays. The weighting vector of this method is in close-form, which is derived using the criterion of minimizing the mean square error between the desired and synthesized beampatterns. A detailed experimental study of this superdirective frequency-invariant beamforming method is then followed, which is used to further demonstrate its performance. In the experiment, the superdirective frequency-invariant broadband beamformers with a specific response are designed so that they can be applied to effectively suppress the ambient noise. The experimental data are processed in the time domain in which finite impulse response filters are designed according the obtained superdirective frequency-invariant broadband beamformers. The results show that this superdirective frequency-invariant beamforming method provides good signal-to-noise ratio enhancement.


Objective To construct a recombinant E.coli strain for expression of antimicrobial peptide Dermaseptin S4(DS4) gene and its mutant K4-S4 and express the target proteins.Methods Design and amplify DS4 and K4-S4 genes by overlap extension PCR and clone into vector pUC-18 respectively.Identify the constructed recombinant plasmids pUC18-DS4 and pUC18-K4-S4 by restriction analysis and sequencing,and insert the obtained target genes into expression vector pGEX-4T-1respectively.Transform the constructed recombinant plasmids pGEX-4T-1-DS4 and pGEX-4T-1-K4-S4 to E.coli BL21(DE3) plyS for expression under induction of IPTG.Identify the expressed product by 12%SDS-PAGE.Results DS4 and K4-S4 proteins,both with relative molecular masses of 34 000,were expressed.The expressed product mainly existed in a form of inclusion body.The expression level reached a peak value 5 h after induction.Conclusion A recombinant E.coli strain for expression of D4 and K4-S4 genes was successfully constructed,and the target protein was expressed,which laid a foundation of further study on function and application of D4 and K4-S4 proteins.


Productivity in every sector is essential, Production areas like textile require more production, more profit with less cost. Everyone should play their own role in achieving better production rate ...


Significance The obstacles limiting the practical applications of promising titanium carbide MXene macroscopic sheets are poor mechanical and oxidation-resistant properties. Herein, we demonstrate strong and highly electrically conductive MXene sheets through sequential bridging of hydrogen and ionic bonding, also achieving high shielding efficiency and excellent fatigue and oxidation resistance. The synergistic strengthening and toughening mechanism was thoroughly revealed by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The proposed sequential bridging strategy in this article provides an avenue for assembling high-performance MXene materials having potential applications in flexible electronic devices and aerospace in the near future. Titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene has great potential for use in aerospace and flexible electronics due to its excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. However, the assembly of MXene nanosheets into macroscopic high-performance nanocomposites is challenging, limiting MXene's practical applications. Here we describe our work fabricating strong and highly conductive MXene sheets through sequential bridging of hydrogen and ionic bonding. The ionic bonding agent decreases interplanar spacing and increases MXene nanosheet alignment, while the hydrogen bonding agent increases interplanar spacing and decreases MXene nanosheet alignment. Successive application of hydrogen and ionic bonding agents optimizes toughness, tensile strength, oxidation resistance in a humid environment, and resistance to sonication disintegration and mechanical abuse. The tensile strength of these MXene sheets reaches up to 436 MPa. The electrical conductivity and weight-normalized shielding efficiency are also as high as 2,988 S/cm and 58,929 dB∙cm2/g, respectively. The toughening and strengthening mechanisms are revealed by molecular-dynamics simulations. Our sequential bridging strategy opens an avenue for the assembly of other high-performance MXene nanocomposites.


The present invention is a water-insoluble, ductile, provides a composition for preparing a silk fibroin film is flexible and methods. Silk film comprises glycerol silk fibroin and about 10% to about 50% (w / w), and is prepared generally by aqueous workup. Ductile silk film can be further treated by the step of re-drying step, and it extracts the glycerol from the films. Glycerol modifications to the active substance may be embedded in the silk film, or may be deposited on the surface for a variety of medical applications. The film may be disposed on a support surface as may be molded in three-dimensional structure or label or coating. Glycerol modified silk films of the present invention are useful in various applications of tissue engineering, medical devices or implants, drug delivery, and or chemicals label or food labels eaten.


The present invention provides a method of detecting a predetermined biological activity. The method includes a first indicator reagent having a first absorption spectrum, and a second indicator reagent, comprising using an aqueous mixture. The second indicator reagent, by default bioactivity, is converted to a second biological derivative having a second emission spectrum. The first absorbance spectrum within at least a portion of the wavelengths present in the second emission spectrum, comprising the detectable absorbance. The first indicator reagent from the aqueous liquid are received and concentrated by substrate, to facilitate detection of the second biological derivative.


Helen Jaques gets some tips from the candidates for the BMJ Group Improving Health Awards on setting up and running a successful quality improvement project


It is a truism to describe philosophy as a theoretical field. But while all fields of study have theories that ground their work, philosophy as a discipline has theory as its subject. In other words, the focus in philosophy is so deeply on theory that applications of theory can be treated as afterthoughts. This is evident both in how philosophers approach the field of ethics in their research, and in how philosophers typically teach ethics courses. The effect on students is that what they learn in the classroom is disconnected from how they actually experience and react to moral conflicts they face. As feminists, we think it important that ethical engagement accounts for our situatedness as moral agents and for the complexity of lived, embodied experience. In this paper, we explain how traditional methods of teaching ethics, as theory that is to be applied, fail to give students useful tools that allow them to address actual ethical problems that they will face. We criticize these traditional methods from a feminist perspective which demands that moral reasoning be grounded in lived experience rather than reflect abstract reasoning about idealized situations. We examine the shift in teaching science—from a formalistic approach that emphasizes getting the answer right, by applying scientific theory correctly to laboratory work, to an experimental approach in which students practice "thinking like a scientist"—as a model for thinking about how we should shift the ways that we teach ethics. Finally, we propose several suggestions for how we can reimagine teaching ethics in ways that give students practical tools for moral reasoning that they can use in actual, real-life moral conflicts.


The present dissertation discusses the education of teenagers in gender-based violence issues through coeducational strategies and the implementation of tasks in which a natural learning of English as a Second Language is put forward. This is fulfilled by designing lesson plans that use certain media content, specially if the students are familiar with it, and make them question broader social issues by analysing a well-known-among-teenagers TV show and the most popular sport in the world. By means of analysing and evaluating closely the content they are constantly exposed to on the media, the students will develop their critical thinking and awareness on social matters, sexism, misogyny and gender-based violence particularly gender equality in society, accelerating media consumption, gender bias in and social in