Abstract Objective To survey university students on their views concerning the respect for autonomy of patients and the best interest of patients in relation to the withholding of resuscitation. Methods A cross-sectional survey among university students of medicine, nursing, philosophy, law and theology of the first and the final study years at the University of Ljubljana and the University of Zagreb was conducted during the academic year of 2016/2017. A questionnaire constructed by Janiver et al. presenting clinical case vignettes was used. Results The survey response rates for students in Ljubljana and Zagreb were 45.4% (512 students) and 37.9% (812 students), respectively. The results of our research show statistically significant differences in do-not resuscitate decisions in different cases between medical and non-medical students in both countries. Male and religious students in both countries have lower odds of respecting relatives' wishes for the withholding of resuscitation (odds ratio 0.49–0.54; 95% confidence interval). All students agreed that they would first resuscitate children if they had to prioritize among patients. Conclusions Our study clearly shows that gender, religious beliefs, and type of study are important factors associated with the decisions pertaining to the respect for autonomy, patient's best interest, and initiation or withholding of resuscitation.


New programming models have been introduced to aid the programmer dealing with the complexity of large-scale systems, simplifying the coding process and making applications more scalable regardless. Task-based programming is one example that became popular recently. At the same time, understanding performance of multicore systems is crucial for getting faster execution times and to optimize efficiency, but it is becoming harder due to the increased complexity of hardware architectures, and the interplay between the scheduling of tasks and caches. In this work, we develop models to understand how scheduling affects the performance of tasks due to memory behavior in the task-based context, and for that, we study cache sharing both in temporal and spatial ways. In temporal cache sharing, the effect of data reused over time by the tasks executed is modeled to predict different scenarios resulting in a tool called StatTask. In spatial cache sharing, the effect of tasks fighting for the cache at a given point in time through their execution is quantified and used to model their behavior on arbitrary cache sizes. We also present a new methodology called TaskInsight that can explain performance differences across different schedules for the same application. Finally, we explain how these methods set up a unique and solid platform to reveal insight into how to improve the performance of the execution of large-scale task-based applications.


Molten elemental sulfur is used as an insulating packer fluid in injection wells for steam drive secondary recovery of petroleum from petroliferous formations.


Table S1 was incorrectly published as Figure S4. Please view the correct Figure S4 here:

Click here for additional data file.(1.8M, tif)


Nowadays culture is becoming an increasingly important factor for every organization in terms of employee loyalty / disloyalty, as well as company performance. Corporate culture is even given the extraordinary metaphor as social glue. The most successful companies in the world have their unique culture. Recently it has become very fashionable to examine, modify and copy other corporate cultures. It is important to note that the change of culture is not a one-day move, but a lengthy process, particularly starting from the study of corporate culture. This article focuses on the culture research problems and opportunities, the cultural types of classification, and the recommended study of culture in the organization.


The effect of r The effect of r The effect of r The effect of r The effect of relative humidity (RH) (20 °C: RH 11%, 54%) on o e humidity (RH) (20 °C: RH 11%, 54%) on o e humidity (RH) (20 °C: RH 11%, 54%) on o e humidity (RH) (20 °C: RH 11%, 54%) on o e humidity (RH) (20 °C: RH 11%, 54%) on oxidative stability micr e stability micr e stability micr e stability micr e stability microencapsulated sea meq/kg just after 1 wk. Caking and collapse of the microcapsule powder were observed in the rubbery state. At meq/kg just after 1 wk. Caking and collapse of the microcapsule powder were observed in the rubbery state. At meq/kg just after 1 wk. Caking and collapse of the microcapsule powder were observed in the rubbery state. At meq/kg just after 1 wk. Caking and collapse of the microcapsule powder were observed in the rubbery state. At accelerated conditions (50 °C: RH 11%, 30%, 45%), the oxidation was noticeably fast, not only in the bulk oil but also accelerated conditions (50 °C: RH 11%, 30%, 45%), the oxidation was noticeably fast, not only in the bulk oil but also accelerated conditions (50 °C: RH 11%, 30%, 45%), the oxidation was noticeably fast, not only in the bulk oil but also accelerated conditions (50 °C: RH 11%, 30%, 45%), the oxidation was noticeably fast, not only in the bulk oil but also accelerated conditions (50 °C: RH 11%, 30%, 45%), the oxidation was noticeably fast, not only in the bulk oil but also in the MD/GA matrix, even in the glassy state. The behavior in the HiCap matrix was more complex as the amount of in the MD/GA matrix, even in the glassy state. The behavior in the HiCap matrix was more complex as the amount of in the MD/GA matrix, even in the glassy state. The behavior in the HiCap matrix was more complex as the amount of in the MD/GA matrix, even in the glassy state. The behavior in the HiCap matrix was more complex as the amount of in the MD/GA matrix, even in the glassy state. The behavior in the HiCap matrix was more complex as the amount of peroxides started to decrease in time. This was assigned to the structural collapse in HiCap microcapsules. The peroxides started to decrease in time. This was assigned to the structural collapse in HiCap microcapsules. The peroxides started to decrease in time. This was assigned to the structural collapse in HiCap microcapsules. The peroxides started to decrease in time. This was assigned to the structural collapse in HiCap microcapsules. The peroxides started to decrease in time. This was assigned to the structural collapse in HiCap microcapsules. The behavior of the microencapsulated oils under accelerated conditions did not correlate with their behavior at 20 °C. behavior of the microencapsulated oils under accelerated conditions did not correlate with their behavior at 20 °C. behavior of the microencapsulated oils under accelerated conditions did not correlate with their behavior at 20 °C. behavior of the microencapsulated oils under accelerated conditions did not correlate with their behavior at 20 °C. behavior of the microencapsulated oils under accelerated conditions did not correlate with their behavior at 20 °C. K


Arvidas Matulionis - Senior Researcher, Arvidas, Lithuanian Social Research Centre. Address: 11, Gostauto St., LT-01108, Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail: email@example.com Frejute-Rakauskiene - Research Fellow, Institute for Ethnic Studies, Lithuanian Social Research Centre. Address: 11, Gostauto St., LT-01108, Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com this article, the authors seek to analyze the identities of Russians in Lithuania and Latvia. Particularly, they reveal and compare how informants of different age groups perceive their ethnic origin and nationality, how they construct their identities, and how it affects their attitudes towards their homeland and the policies in European Union. The research is based on qualitative data from several biographical interviews with the representatives of the Russian ethnic minority in Lithuania and Latvia, collected as part of an international research project 'ENRI-East: Interplay of European, National and Regional Identities: nations between states along the new eastern borders of the European Union'.The authors find that local identity is strongly pronounced in all of the generations interviewed in Latvia. However, in Lithuania there appears to be a slight difference between those who were born in Lithuania (more likely to identify themselves with Lithuania), and those who were born abroad (more likely to identify with Russia). In both case, a European identity is highly pronounced among the younger generations of Russians. At the same time, all of the informants tend to perceive European identity in terms of its institutional aspect, rather than a certain geographical region and/or cultural domain.


ABSTRACT The possibility of improving the biodegradability of drilling wastewater using ozone was investigated following coagulation pretreatment. The biodegradability of wastewater was improved significantly following the start of ozonation, and the molecular weight of organic compounds decreased continuously with the progress of oxidation. It is interesting that minimum biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon (BOD/TOC) ratio (0.4 g/g) was observed when wastewater was treated with ozone continuously for 15 min. The combination of ozonation for 5 min (ozone consumption ratio of 2.6 g ozone/g TOC) followed by biological degradation produced a total TOC removal rate of 54.3%, which was comparable to direct ozonation for 30 min under the same conditions (TOC removal rate of 54.9%; ozone consumption ratio of 8.7 g ozone/g TOC). It is clear that biological treatment following short-term ozonation was very efficient in TOC removal. A process of successive coagulation-precipitation, ozone oxidation, and biodegradation seemed to be a good option for drilling wastewater treatment.


The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and pathological evolution, morphology, hormonal biomarkers (estrogen, progesterone, HER2, and Ki-67), and molecular classification in pre- and postmenopausal patients (age ≤50 years and >50 years). This is a cross-sectional study of 705 female patients with breast cancer. A total of 55.9% (n=394) of patients were above 50 years, whereas 44.1% (n=311) were aged 50 years or below. The laterality of the tumor was similar in both age groups on the right side, 50.2% (n=156) for premenopausal and 53.3 (n=210) for postmenopausal (p=0.226), as was the anatomical sublocation in the external upper quadrant, 44.9% (n=140) for premenopausal and 48.7% (n=192) for postmenopausal (p=0.063). As for T clinical staging, 37% (n=115) were classified as T2 in premenopausal while 47% (n=185) as T1 in postmenopausal (p <0.001); N0, 46.3% (n=144) and 57.6% (n=227) (p=0.043); M0, 92.3% (n=287) and 95.7% (n=377) (p=0.072); and pathological grade T1, 41.8 (n=130) and 48.2% (n=190) (p=0.056); N0, 52.4% (n=163) and 60.4% (n=238) (p=0.121); M0 94.9% (n=374) and 93.9% (n=292) (p=0.332); invasive ductal carcinoma, 86.5% (n=269) and 81% (n=319) (p=0.134); histological grade 2, 42.1% (n=131) and 44.9 (n=177) (p<0.001); nuclear grade 3, 67.2% (n=209) and 54.1% (n=213) (p=0.002); HER2 negative, 75.7% (n=234) and 77.2% (n=295) (p=0.062); estrogen positive, 78.4% (n=243) and 78.4% (n=309) (p=0.731); progesterone positive, 70.6% (n=219) and 68.8% (n=271) (p=0.503); Ki-67 positive, 99.7% (n=303) and 100% (n=368) (p=0.005); and molecular classification defined as luminal B, 57.8% (n=178) and 49% (n=187) (p=0.009), respectively. We observed that in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer, there was no difference in characteristics, anatomical location, and T staging. However, there was a significant difference in histological grade, nuclear grade, and the molecular subtype and staging.


Abstract : The U.S. Army maintains more than 101 million sq ft of buildings that contain lead-based paint on their surfaces. Over 300 of the Army's elevated water storage tanks and hundreds of other concrete or steel structures are painted with red oxide primers. These lead containing substances are often removed and disposed of during routine maintenance, or when the structures must be decommissioned or demolished. If the waste is not properly disposed of; the Army can be held liable for additional expenses under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), and human health may be compromised. The U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL) continues to research the issue of lead disposal, to develop strategies for LBP management and disposal, and to determine the long-term fate of lead after disposal. A sound understanding of lead's fate in the environment will help Army managers make informed, environmentally sound decisions regarding the disposal of the potentially large quantity of lead contaminated waste that the Army generates. This study gathered information on LBP abatement waste management options for demolition debris from structures contaminated with LBP and waste generated from specific abatement technologies, and authored guidelines for disposal of those wastes.


The morphology and fine structure of day 12 rat embryonic mesenchyme from forelimb bud, mandibular arches, and frontonasal prominence is described as the cells undergo chondrogenesis in high density, micromass culture. The cultures began as a multilayered "pavement" of flattened mesenchymal cells, 3–4 deep, with moderate intercellular space but little identifiable electron‐dense extracellular matrix. Pre‐cartilage condensations, which consisted of aggregates of cells which had rounded up, displaying little or no intercellular space, formed within the first 24 h in limb mesenchyme and after an additional 24 h in mandibular and frontonasal cultures. Gap junctions occur between these cells, indicating a phase of direct cell‐cell communication. Chondrogenesis within these aggregates began within the next 24 h in limb cultures but was delayed an additional 24–48 h in the frontonasal and especially in mandibular cultures. The aggregates in both limb and mandibular mesenchyme form discrete nodules bordered by a perichondrium consisting of 2–3 layers of flattened cells. Evidence from late stage mandibular cultures suggests that chondroblasts are added to the nodules from the perichondrium, as occurs in vivo. By contrast, the frontonasal cartilage is initially unbordered and forms anastomosing trabecular arrays. Some of these arrays fuse into larger structures with time, but others become surrounded by proceeds. The sequence of cartilage matrix production, as revealed in long‐term facial cultures, appears to occur in three stages, an early phase in which the extracellular matrix consists primarily of proteoglycans, followed by a phase of homogeneous collagen‐proteoglycan matrix and a mature, territorial matrix. In all three cultures the cartilage ultimately produced resembles mature rat hyaline cartilage with chondroblasts surrounded by a territorial matrix of type II collagen and proteoglycan granules. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


With the increasing of locomotive speed and the hunting movement,the square anti-hunting damper holders appears cracks frequently,and in result the locomotive safty operation was influenced seriously.We have taken some measures to make the stress scattered.


This article discusses the relevance of coaching, his concept, objectives, stages of formation. In the article the author examines the coaching as a universal instrument qualitative change management. Identifies challenges to more professional development coaching services in the Russian reality, and proposes alternatives to solve the problems identified.


Many observers have pointed to the increasingly authoritarian nature of President Putin's regime in Russia. This apparent turn away from democracy has generally been attributed either to Russian political culture or to the security background of Putin himself and many of those he has brought to office. However, analysis of the democratization literature suggests that the sources of Russia's authoritarianism may lie in the nature of the initial transition from Soviet rule, and in particular the way in which elites were able to act with significant independence from civil society forces because of the weakness of such forces. This weakness enabled successive elites led by Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin to construct a political system in which popularly based involvement and participation were severely restricted. In this sense, Putin is merely building on what went before, not changing the regime's basic trajectory.


retribution, consequences, romance, and naïveté. My only significant frustration with this book is the loose citation by paragraph. Often the footnotes do little to clarify which assertion made in the paragraph is supported by what evidence. Particularly when she seeks to contextualize a central point, Berebitsky writes long paragraphs that appear to draw on several other secondary sources and then cites only one. See for example note 3 on page 96, citing a single author for what is clearly a discussion of the field as a whole. The historiography of sex has often been more about what people said about sex in a given context than sex itself. Berebitsky does, like most historians of sex, say much about the discourse of coupling. Berebitsky focuses on representative voices in the changing discourse, including Helen Gurly Brown, the ubiquitous scolds, feminists, hacks, and apologists for the patriarchy. Women were punished and ostracized for having sex or forced to martyr themselves (or at least leave their jobs) when they refused the advances of men in power. When sex mores loosened, women were assumed to be promiscuous and still found no power in their sexuality. While these findings do little to challenge current understandings of sex and power, Berebitsky has filled the paradigm effectively. This is a masterful work that tackles and makes cogent a complex and hidden history. By discussing both the discourse of coupling and coupling itself, uncovering the sex lives of office men and women, Berebitsky adds to our understanding of power, gender, difference, diversity, and sex in the modern workplace.


PURPOSE
Quetiapine is a drug used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. However, it can cause mild or severe hepatic adverse events and rarely fatal liver damage. This study was aimed at investigating hepatic toxicity caused by quetiapine use by analyzing the information captured from hospital electronic health records by using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model (CDM).

METHODS
This was a retrospective observational study involving a nested case-control method. A CDM based on an electronic health record database from five hospitals between January 2009 and May 2020 was used. We analyzed the status of quetiapine use, adverse events, and hepatic impairment.

RESULTS
The numbers of patients with non-serious and severe hepatic adverse reactions were 2,566 (5.05%) and 835 (1.64%) out of 50,766 patients, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio of hepatic adverse events was 2.35 (95% CI: 2.03-2.72), and the odds ratio of severe hepatic adverse events was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.16-2.66).

CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that quetiapine should be cautiously used, and hepatic function should be monitored in patients using quetiapine because it can cause mild or severe hepatic adverse events, complications, and in rare cases, fatal liver damage. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


This paper describes work carried out to assess the failure mechanisms of film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) developed for wireless applications. Two experimental benches were setup: one X-ray based (including diffraction, radiography and fluorescence analysis) and, for the first time, a high resolution infrared, in-situ thermal mapping apparatus. Finite element modeling was used to draw out the self heating of those components under high RF signal levels. In the paper, we describe each of those setups and highlight the improvements provided by their use when evaluating FBAR failure analysis mechanisms.


ABSTRACT A new species of the genus Belebey (Bolosauridae), Be. shumovi sp. nov., is described from the Upper Kazanian Substage (Guadalupian) of European Russia based on elements of the upper jaw, a maxilla and two premaxillae. This is the largest known bolosaurid, the skull length of which could be estimated to be around 160 mm. In addition to its overall size, Be. shumovi differs from other species of the genus in the shape of the maxilla, maxillary teeth, and their distribution along the tooth row. The holotype of Be. shumovi (maxilla) exhibits marginal dentition at the earliest stage of the tooth replacement process. Computed tomography (CT) scan data indicate the presence of almost completely formed replacement teeth along the entire tooth row, confirming the hypothesis of a single-wave cycle of tooth replacement in bolosaurids. Based on the material studied, the tertiary dentine formation was discovered for the first time among fossil reptiles. The tertiary dentine is one of the most evident adaptations of bolosaurids to high-fibre herbivory and demonstrates uniformity of the protection mechanism of the pulp in tetrapod history throughout most of the Phanerozoic.


ps>chialrists." In December 1994,1 met for the first time with Eric Hollander at Mount Sinai to discuss his writing an educational review on obsessive-compulsive disorder for a popular new psychiatric journal designed for primary care doctors and psychiatrists. As we talked, he sketched on a plain piece of scratch paper from memory an oblong diagram that, almost 2 years later, became the intellectual origin of the journal you now hold.


Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) in urine cultures in our hospital. Moreover, we determined the mortality and risk factors associated to CRPA infection. Methods: Positive urine cultures to Pseudomonas aeruginosa between september 2012 and september 2013 were identified. We excluded repititive cultures from the same patient and episode. We created a database with demographic, clinical and laboratory items, including previous antibiotic therapy and antimicrobial resistance. Results: Forty-three cases with positive urine cultures to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included. CRPA was observed in 12cases, with a prevalence of 27.9%. Sixty per cent were male with a median age of 73 years (range: 17-102). Sixty-seven per cent of patients were hospitalized when the culture was collected, but only 30% met criteria to nosocomial infection. Twenty-one percent of urine cultures corresponded to asymptomatic bacteriuria and 25% presented with sepsis. Mortality at 30 days was 20.7% in CRPA patients and 13.8% in the other group, without estatistical significance. Obesity (p =0.003), previous treatment with ciprofloxacin (p = 0.004) and quinolones in general (p = 0.001) and previous treatment with more than one antibiotic (p = 0.03) or with more than one family of antibiotics (p = 0.01) were risk factors to CRPA infection in the univariate analysis. Only obesity (p = 0.04) and previous treatment with ciprofloxacin (p = 0.02) showed statistically significant differences in the multivariate analysis, Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of CRPA in urine cultures in our population, wich is a potencial threat. We should assess the presence of risk factors for development of infections by such pathogen, as previous treatment with quinolones or obesity, in order to start appropiate empirical treatment in patients with severe urinary tract infections.


A series of physical simulation experiments of ice forces on different kind of piles in ports were performed in order to resolve the ice forces on the vertical piles of large diameters and inclined multi-piles of small diameters in ice-infested port engineering. For expressing the ice forces on lager piles and caissons, Afanasev equation, suitable for small piles with D/h≤6, is extended to larger cylinders with D/h≤50 on the basis of a series of physical simulation experiment results. Because the thickness of Bohai sea ice is less than 20 cm in most time of a winter, the new statistical formula can be used to calculate ice forces on piles or columnar caissons with 25m diameter in Bohai. For obtaining the ice force distribution on each pile in inclined piles and pile arrays, the whole structure is divided into several smaller elements which are tested individually and are compared with the ice forces on the vertical pile with the same diameter while the structure is lager and can not follow the requirement of designed model scale and flume dimensions. Therefore, the relations between ice forces on eachpile and each element and their effective factors are set up by the ratio of measured ice forces on them and the vertical pile. The full scale ice force on the vertical pile can be calculated by Afanasev equation and full scale ice compressive strength, the thickness and pile diameter, and the full scale ice forces on inclined pile and pile arrays can be recovered by the full scale ice force on the vertical pile and the effective factors. This way slides over the difficulties of ice forces on complex structures from model scale to full scale by simple similarity theory. Following this principle, the physical simulation experiments obtain the ice force distribution on each pile of three types of pile arrays, their shielding factors between fore and after piles and effective factors to the vertical pile. These results are universality in Bohai ice engineering.


The purpose of this study to determine the level of parent's anxiety on physical education lesson at Lintang City Elementary School. This research method uses a survey and collect the data by using a questionnaire. The scores obtained from questionnaires is analyzed by using quantitative descriptive analysis that converted in the form of percentages. The population the study is all parents of students and the sample is grade I , II, which they are 58 parents by using purposive sampling. The level of anxiety based on physiological factors on restless indicators during the physical education lesson is 74.3%. The level of anxiety based on psychological factors on indicators of worrying about something during physical education lesson is 71.3%, on the indicators of feeling safe and joy is 60.3%, and on the indicators of fear at 74.5%. The results of the study and discussion can be concluded that the level of parental anxiety on Physical Education was classified as high at 70.1%. in this study, the factor of parents anxiety caused by student activity, especially grade I and II as we know, during practice in this lesson so easy to get injury when the students careless.


Objective: To evaluate an educational technology like a board game titled "ImmunizAction", with undergraduate students. Methodology: Methodological study, the board game evaluation was collected in a public University of Brasilia, in October 2016. Participated 26 students of nursing and pharmacy courses. Evaluated through the adapted instrument of educational games proposed by Savi, Wangenheim, Ulbricht, Vanzin. Results:The questionnaire had 27 questions, and evaluated the motivation, user experience and knowledge. Within Motivation, attention, relevance, trust and satisfaction were observed. In the Game User Experience, immersion, challenge, social interaction and fun were evaluated. The analysis of the data reveals approval of more than 70% in the items of the instrument of evaluation in a Likert scale in almost all the components. Conclusion: Educational game board technologies can be used as a facilitator in knowledge construction.


e14687 Background: Multiple metastasis is the predominant cause of colorectal cancer (CC) and pancreatic cancer (PC) related mortality. Chemokines receptors have been implicated in cancer metastati...


This article depicts the dual triumphs achieved by York Technical College and business/industry in creating a win-win solution to address workforce needs and shortages. The unique approach to partnership described is called "The Innovative Economy." It allows local companies and the college to maximize assets by providing exemplary showrooms with cutting-edge technology and demonstration tests sites that also serve as training centers.


Though great advances have been made in treating burn patients, management of scars remains a great challenge. We report a 16 years old girl who suffered from a burn injury when she was 4 years old. She developed scar contractures on her thighs and from the lower chest to the abdomen. The contracture over her left chest caused downward displacement of the left breast. She has an identical twin sister. A free groin flap was taken from the twin and it was transplanted to her sister microsurgically. The operative course was uncomplicated. Unfortunately, the flap became pale if the patient changed position. We had to remove the flap because of the poor blood supply and convert it into full thickness skin. The graft survived.


Abstract: The goal of this project is to develop an emotion-based music recommender system that provides personalized music recommendations based on the user's current emotional state. The system incorporates an emotion detector that analyses user's facial expressions, to determine their current mood. Based on the detected emotion, the system recommends music tracks that match the user's current emotional state


Abstract Background: It has been reported that head-up sleep (HUS) prevents free-floating otoliths from entering canals and that vertical recognition training (VRT) promotes vestibular compensation. Aims/objectives: We would like to assess HUS and VRT for intractable motion-evoked dizziness, including possible benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Materials and methods: 162 patients diagnosed with intractable motion-evoked dizziness of unknown origin were enrolled and randomly divided into the following four groups: HUS−/VRT−, HUS+/VRT−, HUS−/VRT+, and HUS+/VRT+. The at-home interventions comprised HUS with an upper head position of 45° when lying down and VRT with a right down-left down 30° head inclination while watching the vertical index. Results: At the post-treatment 6th month, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for vertiginous sensation were significantly lower in the HUS+/VRT + group than in the HUS+/VRT − and HUS−/VRT + groups, which were in turn significantly lower than those in the HUS−/VRT − group. VAS scores in the HUS−/VRT + group of patients with abnormal subjective visual vertical (SVV) were significantly lower than those in the HUS+/VRT − group, while those in the HUS+/VRT − group of patients with normal SVV were significantly lower than those in the HUS−/VRT + group. Conclusions: HUS and/or VRT is a good initial treatment for patients with intractable undiagnosed motion-evoked dizziness, including possible BPPV.


The applications and possibilities of structural membranes for urban space conditioning are explored on the basis of traditional examples and recent experiences.


A 14-year-old previously healthy boy was referred to the pediatric infectious disease clinic for evaluation of painful nodules, which had been present for 2 weeks, on both soles of his feet. The nodules were first noted 2 weeks after returning to the United States from a 1-month family vacation to visit relatives in his native Guyana, South America. The foot nodules were unimproved after application of topical Neosporin and a 1-week course of oral trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole prescribed by his primary care physician. The nodules were nonpurulent but expressed serosanguinous fluid. Neither he nor other family members had developed skin lesions during the trip itself. The patient denied systemic symptoms, including fever, rash, headache, respiratory, or joint complaints. He had no significant past medical history or drug allergies. The patient denied swimming in fresh or sea water, insect bites, or animal contact, and he denied sexual activity; however, he did walk with sandals in sandy soil. On physical examination, his vital signs were within normal limits. The examination was notable only for nodules to the soles of his feet bilaterally (as shown in Figure 1). He had approximately 20 firm, nodules (1 × 2 cm) on his right foot and 9 discrete (1 × 2 cm) nodules on his left. His physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. After dermatology consultation, an excisional skin biopsy was performed with microscopic examination of the biopsy specimens, which confirmed the visual diagnosis.


Popularity of social networking sites increases day by day. Due to its high popularity, the number of comments can grow at a high rate when a social message published. The users of social networking sites may wish to get a brief knowledge of comment streams without reading the all comments. The system aim to group comments with similar opinion together and create a summary for this message after filtering abusive words from each generated comments. Since the users will request the summary at any moment, we use IncreSTS algorithm for realtime incremental clustering of social network comment streams. Besides, we extract key-terms from each clusters that help users to easily get an overview summary.


Although the Internet has positively impacted people's lives, it also has its dark side. There have been reports on the increase of cases of violence, racial abuse, cyber-bullying, online fraud, addiction to gaming and gambling, and pornography. A vital issue has emerged that Internet users still lack awareness of these online risks. In this study, our respondents were involved in the development of educational videos related to cyber risk topics using a storytelling approach. The participants in this study were 28 in-service teachers who took a master class on Resource and Information Technology. This study aims to examine the issues that participants took into consideration while planning and developing their digital stories, and their experiences developing digital stories about cyber risks. The data was collected using a written reflection. The data was then analyzed thematically using NVivo Software. The findings indicate how the respondents valued their experience in planning, developing, and evaluating their storytelling videos. The impact of learning from the videos on the students' affective domain is also discussed. We further discuss the benefits of the storytelling approach for behavior change.


A teacher's KMS is designed in order to enhance the teachers' professional knowledge. Based on knowledge grid, this system includes four subsystems: knowledge databank subsystem, knowledge exchange subsystem, personal knowledge management tools and the whole system management subsystem, and every subsystem are expounded for their function.


Why run for reelection when the logic and incentives of the political system leaves no doubt that running for other offices is a better option? This paper focuses on the factors that influence both career choice as well as electoral success of those who run for reelection and those who attempt other offices using Brazil as a case-study. It is argued that Legislators run for reelection because it is the safest bet. The probability of winning is higher for those who attempt reelection than for those running for any other office.


Objective To explore new treatment methods for old acromioclavicular dislocation. Methods Twenty-nine cases of old acromioclavicular dislocation were treated with augmenting reconstruction of acromioclavicular ligament by coracoacromial ligament and augmenting reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament by conjoining tendon with biceps brachii muscle and coracobrachialis muscle in coracoid. Twenty-five cases were followed up with follow-up period of 3-36 months. There were 10 cases in grade Ⅱ and 15 in grade Ⅲ according to classification of Allman. Results Of 25 cases with follow-up, 16 were excellent and 9 satisfactory according to the Lazzcano standard. There were no other complications or dislocations. Conclusions Reconstruction of acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments for treatment of old acromioclavicular dislocation is an efficient method with advantage of rigid fixation and accords with micro-motion physiological function of acromioclavicular joint.


Abbe Refractometer is adopted to measure the refraction index of single-and double-component solutions.And the relationships between the refraction index and solution concentration are fitted by linear least square method.Based on these models,unkown concentrations of sucrose and sodium chloride solution are predicted.The predicted results agree well with their normal values.


Precast concrete (PC) plays an important role in the industrialization processes of buildings, so it is critical to study the seismic performance of such structures. Several experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to investigate the behavior of PC beam-to-column connections. However, most of the previous studies neglect the contribution of slabs. In light of this, this paper presents a numerical simulation method for dry connected beam-slab assemblies based on the layered shell element available in OpenSees. The beams were modeled with fiber elements, while the slabs were modeled with layered shell elements. The developed model was validated by simulating a typical beam-slab assembly test, with the characteristics of hysteretic performance found to be well reflected by the model. Moreover, a parametric study was performed to quantify the influence of slab parameters. The results showed that the thickness of the slab had a significant effect on the hysteretic performance of the specimen and that the influence of the slab width was obviously reduced after it exceeded a certain limit. Besides, the effect of the reinforcement ratio on stiffness and loadbearing capacity was not obvious and was accompanied by a slight positive correlation with the energy dissipation capacity.


The invention discloses a double-component organic silica gel for packaging of a large power IGBT (insulated bipolar translator) and a preparation method thereof. The organic silica gel is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of vinyl silicone oil and 0.02-1 parts of platinum catalyst, the component B is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of vinyl silicone oil, 10-30 parts of chain extender (end of which contains hydrogen silicone oil), 0.5-5 parts of cross-linking agent (side chain of which contains hydrogen silicone oil), 0.1-1 part of inhibitor, and 0.05-0.5 parts of antioxygen. When the double-component organic silica gel is used, the component A and the component B are stirred and mixed uniformly according to weight ratio of 1 to 1 so as to be solidified to obtain the organic silica gel. The organic silica gel takes silicone oil of high purity as raw material, and has good heat stability, low volatile matter, and high dielectric strength, thus meeting the use requirement of a large power IGBT module.


This paper describes a general evaluation framework for assessing ATT (Advanced Transport Telematics) applications in freight transport projects. It is based on the experiences of three DRIVE II projects in search of a common evaluation methodology. Given the distinctive characteristics of commercial freight projects, as described in this paper, it turned out that at best a general framework can be given for the assessment of impacts caused by the use of innovative ATT- applications. This framework includes the definition of stakeholders, the functionality of ATT applications, the objectives of the stakeholders, the impacts of the use of ATT and a list of possible indicators to be used. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.


We classify regular subalgebras of Kac–Moody algebras in terms of their root systems. In the process, we establish that a root system of a subalgebra is always an intersection of the root system of the algebra with a sublattice of its root lattice. We also discuss applications to investigations of regular subalgebras of hyperbolic Kac–Moody algebras and conformally invariant subalgebras of affine Kac–Moody algebras. In particular, we provide explicit formulae for determining all Virasoro charges in coset constructions that involve regular subalgebras.


The purpose of this work is to study the effect of combined use of the immunostimulant preparation which is double-stranded Ca-modified RNA with inactivated FMD vaccine for cattle against A, O and Asia-1 subtypes of FMD. Preparation have been received from sodium nucleinate or allocated from a killer yeast of Saccharomices cerewisiae. The modification of Ca ions assayed by the addition of sterile solution of calcium chloride. Based on received data it can be concluded that the using of immunomodulator in cattle induces more early and high immune response. The FMD vaccine intramuscular administration together with the preparation provides high enough of an immune response and high titer of antibody maintained for a period of 90 days (time of observation).


The invention provides a method for decorating the surface of copper powder used in conductive paste, which relates to the processing of metal powder, in particular to the characteristic improvement and the coating of the metal powder. The method is characterized in that: the copper powder is dispersed into a water solution that contains a dispersing agent, an organic mixed acid is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 30 to 90 min; a reductant is added, temperature is increased to 50 to 90 DEG C and heat preservation reaction occurs for 60 to 120 min; a coating agent is added for carrying out the heat preservation reaction for 60 to 150 min; then liquid-solid separation, washing and vacuum drying are carried out to finish the method. The adding amount of additional substances is as follows: the copper powder : the dispersing agent : the organic mixed acid : the reductant : the coating agent is equal to 1 : 0.05 to 0.25 : 0.05 to 0.5 : 0.1 to 1 : 0.05 to 0.5, and the ratio of liquid to solid is 4 to 8 : 1. The antioxidant capability of the copper powder is improved by the two processes of recrystallization and organic coating, thereby solving the problem of the serious oxidation of copper during the sintering process of the paste and greatly improving the stability of the conductive paste due to the existence of an organic-inorganic interface.


A resource management system can eeectively shorten the runtime of batch jobs in a network of workstations (NOW). This is achieved with load balancing mechanisms to distribute the load equally among the hosts. To avoid connicts between interactive users and batch jobs, a resource management system must be able to migrate batch jobs from an interactive host to an idle host. Common resource management systems ooer process migration only for sequential jobs but not for parallel jobs. Within the SEMPA project a resource management system with batch queuing functionalities including checkpointing and migration is designed and implemented. We focus on PVM applications because PVM ooers dynamic task management and an interface to resource management systems 1 .


April 2015 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the landmark legislation that has provided the foundation of federal education policy in the United States. In Presidents, Congress, and the Public Schools , longtime policy analyst Jack Jennings examines the evolution of federal education policy and outlines a bold and controversial vision for its future. Jennings brings an insiderAEs knowledge to this account, off ering a vivid analysis of federal efforts in the education arena and revealing some of the factors that shaped their enactment. His rich descriptions and lively anecdotes provide pointed lessons about the partisan climate that stymies much federal policy making today. After assessing the impact of Title I and NCLB, and exploring the variety of ways that the federal government has intervened in education, Jennings sets forth an ambitious agenda for reframing education as a federal civil right and ensuring that every child has the opportunity to learn.


(1) Labor conflict is a conflict which usually happen in the company. However, when we leave this conflict, we will have a bad influence upon national economy. Therefore, we have to divide into types such as a right dispute and a profit dispute, an individual dispute and a group dispute and so on in order to settle labor conflict efficiently. The subjects have variety characters such as normative character, financial obligational character, and so on. (2) Unlike general conflicts, labor conflict's characteristics are very dynamic and variable. So, it is difficult to put the stable construction of law on the center of fixing subjects. Because of these characters, a court of justice often can't settle labor conflict. Although, we need administrative settle such as a labor relations commission or legal settle by a court of justice. Hence, Considering labor conflict's characteristics, we need to try to find a efficient solution system to conflict and study suitable solution system.


The view is presented that the economic and social system of the whole world will be changed due to the sudden termination of cheap and abundant oil and natural gas. The impact of a sharp rise in the price of energy on the whole relative price structure of different commodities has not been researched, but is now here. It is thought that more effort will be put into supply problems than into the demand adjustments or conservation. If a commodity is cheap now, but will be expensive later, there is something to be said for making it expensive now. There will be forced economizing of it. The embargo forced the higher price of oil, but it is better for it to be high now, and be experiencing the conservation being practiced, than to wait until 1990 when it might be too late to quickly advance technology to have energy at all. There is no bankruptcy in energy. Family-life changes, transportation changes, and food shortages loom from the energy shortages. Oil may be more important as a source of fertilizer than of gasoline. (MCW)


;Contents: Hot in place recycling processes and equipment; HIPR as a tool for asphalt pavement rehabilitation; Mixture design for HIPR processes; Relative performance of HIPR pavements; Guidelines for effective use of HIPR; and Conclusions and recommendations.


Methods are presented for calculating x-ray spectra in an infinite homogeneous medium. These methods are particularly useful for calculating spectra at great distances from the radiation source. The transport equation is solved numerically by characterizing angular and spatial distributions with a small number of suitable parameters. Attention is called to a mathematical technique which is extremely useful for this purpose, whereby a function may be approximated from a knowledge of moments, derivatives, or values. Sample numerical applications include spectral intensities at various distances from a plane monodirectional 10.22-Mev x-ray source in Pb and a plane monodirectional 5.11-Mev source in Fe.


The extent to which variations in the interest-based learning opportunities afforded young children with autism were related to changes in the children's social-affective behavior was the focus of an exploratory study. The participants were 17 children and their mothers. Mothers first identified their children's interests and then selected everyday activities that provided opportunities for engagement in interest-based learning. Based on investigator assessments of the children's participation in the activities, children were divided into high and low interest-based learning opportunity groups. Results showed that after 12 weeks of intervention, the high interest-based group demonstrated more positive and less negative social-affective behavior compared to the low interest-based group. Implications for research and practice are described.


ABSTRACT A general lost-sales Economic Manufacturing Quality (EMQ) model with machine breakdowns, minimal repairs and planned replacements is considered. When the machine fails, minimal repair is performed in negligible time and production is resumed immediately. It is assumed that resumption cost is lower than the set-up cost incurred at the beginning of each production cycle. Other cost components include inventory holding cost, operating cost, lost-sales cost and the preventive replacement (overhaul) cost. Both time to failure and the time to perform an overhaul are assumed to be generally distributed random variables. The objective is to find the optimal lot-sizing/ preventive replacement policy minimising the long-run expected average cost per unit time. The problem is formulated in the framework of semi-Markov decision processes. It is shown that the optimal lot size is a function of the operating age of the machine and the optimal preventive replacement is an age replacement. An EMQ model with lost...


Summary Studies of intraleukocytic bacterial killing by a technique which allows dissociation of the killing from the ingestive function of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes have revealed differing susceptibilities of several bacterial species to killing in the absence of opsonization. While heat-stable opsonins enhance leukocytic killing of various bacteria, they were shown to impede killing of a human virulent Staphylococcus aureus, an effect correlated with the presence of protein A in a test strain. These observations indicate the importance of bacterial factors to the susceptibility of bacteria to intraleukocytic killing, an effect mediated via heat-stable opsonins in the case of protein A-containing Staphylococcus aureus.


In memoriam Manfred Hermann Schmid (1947–2021), Mozartian extraordinaire
 The cadenzas to the Piano concerto in D minor, K466 that Clara Schumann published for the Mozart centenary year raise intriguing questions about authorship: Upon correcting the proofs, she identified an uncanny overlap with a cadenza by Brahms. Following an ambivalent response from the latter, she went on publishing the work under her name regardless, and even left a note on her papers claiming that Brahms had made use of a cadenza by her.
 Rather than answering the author attribution either way, the article unpicks the conflicting evidence of the sources in light of the broader contexts within which they are situated. It demonstrates that conventional tools of music philology alone are inadequate for solving this issue (as they had been for Schumann in 1891). Notated sources are but one manifestation of a rich and complex creative process that operate within a multi-sensory, multi-modal and co-creative framework. As such, a close reading of the cadenzas to K466 by Schumann and Brahms interrogate false ontologies of the 'work concept' that may have mired our understanding of nineteenth-century music in general.


This paper presents advanced software architecture for processing bulk carousel data in a data broadcasting push service, where the service can download bulk file according to a viewer's selection. In order to accelerate download speed and reduce data loss rate, advanced software architecture introduces caching, multi-thread and resuming mechanisms. The experiments demonstrate advantages of our software architecture


Solar‐driven interfacial evaporation is an emerging environmentally‐friendly technology to produce freshwater, but the current interface evaporators are restricted by their high cost, complex fabrication processes, and low resistance to environmental conditions. Here, a low‐cost and high‐efficient evaporator was prepared simply by modifying natural wax gourd with polydopamine (PDA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The prepared AgNPs‐PDA‐wax gourd exhibited excellent light absorption (>94%) in the whole solar spectrum (300‐2500 nm). Under 1 sun illumination, the prepared evaporator achieved an extraordinary evaporation rate of 1.70 kg m−2 h−1 (efficiency of 83.21%), which was 3.78 and 1.21 times higher than the rates of natural wax gourd and PDA‐wax gourd, respectively. Such excellent performance was mainly attributed to the synergic light‐to‐heat conversion capability between localized surface plasmon resonance effect from AgNPs and enhanced light‐adsorption ability from PDA. Due to the presence of AgNPs, the final evaporator also displayed a fascinating antibacterial behavior for both E. coli and S. aureus even during evaporating actual lake water. Meanwhile, the AgNPs‐PDA‐wax gourd presented good durability during 10‐cycled experiments, seawater desalination, dye water purification and some extreme conditions (acid, alkaline and freezing). These results suggested the great potential for future practical applications of such biomass solar evaporators.


The diffusivities and the vapor-liquid equilibrium coefficients of two organic components, 1-hexanol and 2-butanone, were measured in concentrated maltodextrin solutions using newly developed techniques. Accurate determination of these quantities required complete material balances of the two phases and control of the water concentration in the experimental cell. The diffusion coefficients of these solutes correlated with solution viscosity to the 1/2 power over a range of temperatures and concentrations. Other literature data for diffusion coefficients in concentrated malto-dextrin and sugar solutions are shown to correlate with viscosity.


Under action of stochastic wind loading, dynamic responses of a cooling tower show small deformation and weakly nonlinear characteristics. Its natural frequencies centralize in a lower frequency band, coupling effects between various modes are obvious. With help of syrface aerodynamic pressure of a 1∶200 reduced-scale cooling tower model which was measured in TJ-3 wind tunnel, the stochastic response of a full-scale cooling tower was calculated using pseudo-excitation method and superposition method, considering the coupling effects between modes. The contributions of background components and resonant ones were quantified and the effects of different parameters, such as, modal numbers, cross terms of force spectra, damping ratio etc, were systematically studied. The numerical calculation results were in good agreement with the dynamic responses measured on the 1∶200 reduced-scale cooling tower aeroelastic model.


In this article the authors analyze the possibility of automation of researches of the characteristics of attention of the observer. Attention is measured with help of Shulthe-Platonov tables. The description of a program for automation of experiments is given. The formulas of calculation of indexes of characteristics of attention are given as well. The experiment has been carried out with 15 observers


An improvement to the design of the dual-tube water-cooled atom trap is discussed. The shape of the tubes was altered from the flat type to what is described as a 'bent' tube. This enabled more of the tube to be exposed to the light beam compared with the earlier flat design which had an arm of the tube passing through the light beam. A sturdier clamping system is shown which prevented the tubes from bouncing in the beam after collection of the metal and during measurement. Parameters such as the cooling water pressure through the tubes were optimized, as well as the positioning of the tubes with respect to the flame and the light beam (horizontal alignment, or front to back movement parallel to the burner slot). The latter was found to be critical for optimum sensitivity. Figures are presented which show splitting of the signal on the recorder trace resulting from the effects of incorrect alignment. Sensitivities for the improved design were found to be 0.3579 and 2.994 ng ml–1 for cadmium and lead, respectively, an increase in sensitivity over the earlier design, which was 0.8813 and 3.544 ng ml–1, respectively, for cadmium and lead. It is believed that the same increase in sensitivity will be seen with other elements previously examined.


Hattie (2012) noted that 95% of the actions teachers take are effective if the expected growth in student learning is zero. In other words, just about anything teachers do in the classroom will cause some student growth when compared with the absence of action. To address this, a researcher might conduct a comparison of interventions, and the most effective one may be reported as being statistically significant. Yet, significance only rules out whether the growth might be due to chance. What teachers really want to know is whether a particular intervention or strategy is sufficiently powerful enough to make a difference with regard to a particular learning outcome. The way to know if this is the case is a statistical tool called effect size. Effect sizes allow for relative comparisons of the magnitude of a given action or influence. More formally, effect sizes are tools that measure the strength of a given intervention or action. Unlike tools that rely on statistical significance, effect sizes are independent of sample size. Effect size measures are used in metaanalyses that summarize the findings from a specific area of research (Lipsey & Wilson, 1993) and are represented in statistical notations as a lowercase, italicized d, as in (d = 0.40). Hattie (2009) reviewed thousands of metaanalyses that represent over 250 million students. He calculated effect sizes for a wide range of teacher actions using Cohen's (1988) standardized difference between two groups. Hattie noted that an effect size of 0.40 equated to approximately one year of learning for a year of schooling. In other words, there are specific actions or influences on students' learning that result in at least a year of learning and those that do not. The list of influences that Hattie identified can be found on the Visible Learning website at visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influenceseffect-sizes-learning-achievement. An interesting case for literacy educators is sentence combining, which is teaching students to integrate information from two or more sentences into one. With an average effect size of 0.15, it is reasonable to suggest that this action would not be very useful for students' learning. To demonstrate the difference between effect size and statistical significance, we can review a study conducted by P. Wilkinson and Patty (1993). They studied 65 students, one class of which received sentencecombining instruction while the other did not. The researchers found statistically significant gains on the Stanford Reading Test and suggested that sentence combining "may have enhanced cohesion knowledge and general comprehension" (p. 104). Statistically, sentence combining was better than a placebo treatment, but we don't know if the instruction resulted in growth in writing performance that was worth the time and effort. Our estimates of the effect size from their study show that the size of the effect is far above the usual Surface, Deep, and Transfer? Considering the Role of Content Literacy Instructional Strategies


A method for estimating visibility level based on multiple models is proposed in this paper. In winter roads under nighttime, visibility is affected by snow and road lighting. It is possible to encounter poor visibility and cause traffic accidents. In order to reduce these risks, road administrators and users need to acquire visibility information to avoid roads under poor visibility. Therefore, we estimate a visibility level under nighttime. In the proposed method, we estimate a visibility level based on multiple models. Multiple models of image recognition are composed of machine learning and a mathematical model. By utilizing them cooperatively, it is expected to estimate a visibility level accurately. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by actual data.


The Press means the act or process of printing a newspapers, periodicals, radio and television. Among them newspapers and periodicals are getting a name good press. Women Press means the press run and edited by women themselves. During 1920's some women's edited journals themselves for women's welfare. They are Indian Ladies Magazine, Stri Dharma, Madhar Marumanam and Jahanmohini.

Indian Ladies Magazine was started in 1901 by Kamala Sathianadhan; Stri Dharma was started in 1915 by Margaret Cousins a Irish lady, but in 1917 the journal was taken over by Dr. Mrs. Muthulakshmi Reddy and Smt. G.Visalakashi. These two journals were published from Chennai. In 1930's Madhar Marumanam a woman journal was published by M. Maragathavalli Ammaiyar from Karaikudi. It mainly stressed the widow remarriage. It replicated the views of Gandhi for the proliferation of widow remarriage.10 In 1925 a journal named Jahanmohini, was started by Vai.Mu.Kothai Nayaki Ammal for women's welfare. She was the renowned writer of the times.11 The journals fullfledgedly published articles relating to women issues like sati, child marriage, devadasi system, purdah, widowhood, condition of women in Ancient India, women's education etc.


Abstract : A computational analysis is performed for the truncation errors incurred in the numerical time integration of the unsteady and/or turbulent Navier-Stokes equations. The means of analysis is via the modified equation approach. Both the MacCormack explicit and Beam-Warming implicit numerical methods are considered. A simplified analysis applied to Burger's equation indicates that the leading order term is both dissipative and dispersive. The modified equation is derived for the aforementioned explicit and implicit methods as applied to the full two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. Development of the required Fortran code for solution of the modified equation is expedited through the use of the symbolic manipulation language, MACSYMA.


Although there is a rich literature on single product distribution in decentralized supply chains, the incentive problems that arise in distributing a product line have largely not been investigated. In practice, most manufacturers distribute a line of products with different features and qualities and not just a single product. Consider a manufacturer who distributes a product line through competing downstream retailers. In this setting, we investigate how and why the retailers' price and inventory decisions deviate from the centrally optimal decisions. Due to substitution between different product variants, as well as between different retailers, the incentive problems associated with distributing a product line are more complicated than that of distributing a single product. We characterize retailers' incentive distortions under a residual-claimancy contract, and construct contracts that achieve channel coordination. We show that retail price floors or inventory buybacks, appropriately tailored to each product variant, are among the contracts that can achieve coordination. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate how the optimal contract terms (such as wholesale prices and buyback prices) for each variant are influenced by the parameters of an underlying consumer choice model.


Objective To establish DNA typing for HLA-DR antigens by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP).Methods PCR-SSP was set up by synthesized 29 specific primers and 1 pairs of internal control primer,20 PCR reaction for DR alleles.Results HLA-DR alleles was successfully typed ,the typing result was confirmed by a panel of standard DNAs,analysied with restriction endonucleases,the specificity and reproducibility were 100%.Conclusions DR typing by PCR-SSP is a rapid ,accurate,high-specificity method and suitable for clinical application.


THE CONTINUED BULLISH MARKETING OF THE IN-CAR WEB NEEDS TO TAKE HEED OF A FEW SIMPLE FACTS. CHIEF AMONG THEM IS A NEED TO SATISFY A REAL CONSUMER NEED.


Biodiesel production is gaining more and more relevance due to its environmental advantages and because of the world situation of petroleum: decreases of reserves, augmentation of prices etc. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification of triglycerides; however, it can also be generated by the esterification of fatty acid, normally considered as an impurity. The evolution of the reaction when using oleic acid (diluted in triglycerides) and ethanol, in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, has been studied. Kinetics expression for the esterification reaction as well as for the esterification and transesterification taking place simultaneously have been developed and fit with the experimental data. It is shown that, when both reactions are being taking into account, the kinetics fits the experimental data better since it does consider the interaction between all the compounds involved. The kinetics expression obtained represented satisfactorily the experimental information for several operations conditions. Copyright , Oxford University Press.


The objective of this study was to provide basic data that would help develop the natural preservatives that could replace them. This study examined antibacterial activity and preservative effects in soybean curd. When the concentration of Persicaria hydropiper L. was 1,000 ppm in the antibacterial activity by the paper disk law of three cultures(Bacillus subtilis KY-3, Bacillus sp. KY-7, Bacillus methylotrophicus KY-11) selected from 21 kinds of microorganism separated from tofu anaerobes, the clear zone (mm), which was similar to benzoic acid 0.1 M, the comparison group, was measured. The results were as follows. The result of impeding growth in liquid culture indicated considerable suppression of the growth of bacteria in the concentration of 800 ppm and 1,000 ppm respectively. In the measure of MIC, KY-3 and KY-7 were 0.06%, and KY-11 was 0.05%. For the changes in pH by concentration, three cultures and tofu anaerobes were not increased to 105~6/g in 1,000 ppm. In addition, in the search of total number was employed to find the preservative effects of tofu. Therefore, this study expect the Persicaria hydroper L. extract on preservative effects of tofu, which can be easily exposed to food poisoning bacteria in the food safety as well as improving the possibility of natural alternative preservatives.


In this context, Ronkainen and colleagues (9) have cleverly used a design that minimizes the potential of genetic and/or physiological differences between users and nonusers (by using monozygotic twins), while optimizing the ability to tease out any HRT effects. The presented results are in favor of HRT having a significant positive impact on skeletal muscle functioning, given the strong relationship between muscle performance and HRT usage reported here. Through the robust design adopted here, this study therefore incrementally advances the field and in fact tips the balance toward a positive and measurable impact of HRT: HRT users have five times the levels of estrogen, walk 7% faster, jump 16% higher, and exhibit 8% greater relative lean tissue content and 5% smaller relative fatty tissue content compared with their nonusing counterparts.


Music is an auditory activity and it is not surprising that the teaching of music traditionally focuses on developing a 'good ear'. Nevertheless, the structural qualities of music can also be represented in the visual-spatial medium. It may be that for some individuals music is more easily comprehended in visual form. In this study, we compare learning outcomes for 17 adult beginners learning to play and notate scales, rhythms and melodies under two conditions: one with an auditory focus and the other with a visual focus. Although both groups made similar progress over three 1-hour lessons, and no overall sex differences were found, males learned best in the auditory condition and females learned best in the visual condition. These findings suggest that visual learning may suit some students better than auditory learning and that visual teaching techniques may be a useful addition to the music teacher's toolkit.


The Principles of policy predominant in a number of Western countries have moved in recent years from collectivism toward acquisitive individualism. This paper examines the causes, from the standpoint of the United Kingdom. It asks how collectivism originally gained its hold, and why a reaction to it set in. Public opinion and policy was changed by rising standards of living and new patterns of working life. Hence a dissolution of the labor movement.


Corporate culture can be a significant, strategic factor in the successful management of brands. Through a comparative research survey into the World's Top 100 brand companies and those outside this category (Outsider brand companies), this article explores whether the corporate cultures of the Top 100 brand companies are different from those of Outsider brand companies. Most of the significant differences were found in the consumer goods sector, traditionally associated with strong brands. Top 100 managers were found to be more at ease with themselves and their companies than managers of Outsider brands. They were also better able to handle conflict through corporate cultures which emphasised open discussion, (even argument). Significantly, the research found that the corporate cultures of Top 100 brand companies were perceived as 'stronger' than those of Outsider brands, and, though not necessarily a success factor in itself, when linked to values, beliefs and behaviours such as those identified in this...


It is generally assumed that the electromagnetic spectrum in the primordial universe was a blackbody spectrum in vacuum. We derive the electromagnetic spectrum based on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem that describes the electromagnetic fluctuations in a plasma. Our description includes thermal and collisional effects in a plasma. The electromagnetic spectrum obtained differs from a blackbody spectrum in vacuum at low frequencies. In particular, concentrating on the primordial nucleosynthesis era, it has more energy than the blackbody spectrum for frequencies less than 3vpe to 6vpe, where vpe is the electron plasma frequency. [S0031-9007(97)04160-4] PACS numbers: 98.80. ‐ k, 52.25.Gj, 95.30.Qd, 98.70.Vc It is usually assumed in cosmology that the primordial plasma was a homogeneous plasma and that the electromagnetic field was a blackbody spectrum in vacuum. These assumptions are used, for example, in standard big bang nucleosynthesis calculations. Deviations from a blackbody spectrum in vacuum and a homogeneous plasma can affect primordial nucleosynthesis, and in this Letter we concentrate on this epoch. In the epoch of big bang nucleosynthesis, the Universe was a thermal bath of photons, electrons, positrons, baryons, and neutrinos. The usual treatment considers the Universe as a homogeneous plasma in thermal equilibrium and the electromagnetic field as a blackbody spectrum in vacuum. For example, in the energy density calculation, the energy density of the photons is given by the energy density of the blackbody spectrum in vacuum. In this manner, the primordial universe is treated as an ideal gas: collective effects are assumed to be


The findings underline the importance of developing and practicing action plans to improve well-being in behavioral activation. The iBA program does not require therapists and can be offered to more people. It would be helpful for managers and occupational health staff to consider initiatives including self-care in the workplace. Objective The aim of the study is to examine the effect of a newly developed Internet-delivered behavioral activation (iBA) program on work engagement and well-being among Japanese workers with elevated psychological distress. Methods Participants were recruited via an Internet survey company (N = 3299). The eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) Japanese employees aged 20 to 59 years, (2) having psychological distress, and (3) not self-employed. This iBA program was a 3-week web-based training course using behavioral activation techniques. Work engagement, psychological distress, and eudemonic well-being at work were measured at baseline and postintervention period. A paired sample t test was conducted to assess the intervention effect. Results Of the 568 eligible participants, 120 were randomly selected. A total of 108 participants completed the baseline survey and received the iBA program. Eighty respondents completed the postintervention survey and were included in analyses. The iBA program did not show a significant intervention effect on work engagement (P = 0.22, Cohen d = 0.14), while psychological distress (P < 0.01, d = −0.40) and role-oriented future prospects (P = 0.02, Cohen d = 0.27) were significantly improved. Conclusions The effect of the iBA program on work engagement may be limited.


In certain scenarios, such as detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO), submarines, and intruders, magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) is an effective method due to the magnetic field advantages of small operating power, strong penetrability, and strong anti-interference ability. However, variability in the background geomagnetic field and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in MAD cannot be avoided. In this article, we propose a MAD method employing an improved orthogonal basis function (OBF) for the magnetic tensor contraction decomposition. The orthogonal basis decomposition approach makes the best use of modeling the MAD output signal, whereas the magnetic tensor contraction aid in avoiding the background field problem. Furthermore, by increasing the baseline length of the magnetic gradiometer, the SNR can also be improved in some manner. A dual magnetic gradiometer framework is introduced to fulfill the demand of the magnetic anomaly localization. From our simulation results, the proposed method improves the SNR of the MAD raw signal and is capable of detecting and locating the magnetic anomaly. Moreover, field test has been carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.


In the finite-dimensional Euclidean space, the problem of pursuit of a group of evaders by a group of pursuers is considered, which is described by a system of the form $$D^{(\alpha)} z_{ij} = a z_{ij} + u_i - v,$$ where $D^{(\alpha)} f$ is the Caputo derivative of the order $\alpha \in (0,1)$ of the function $f$. It is assumed that all evaders use the same control. The goal of the pursuers is to catch at least one of the evaders. The evaders use piecewise-program strategies, and the pursuers use piecewise-program counterstrategies. Every pursuer catches not more than one evader. The set of admissible controls is a ball of unit radius with the center at the origin, the target sets are the origin. In terms of initial positions and game parameters, a sufficient conditions for the capture are obtained.


Most students who are deaf or hard of hearing (S-D/HH) do not read proficiently (Karchmer, Milone, & Work, 1979; Allen, 1996). Although there has been some improvement in deaf students' achievement in reading (Holt, Traxler, & Allen, 1992), students continue to leave high school reading on a third to fourth grade reading level. A review of the literature in deaf education and related fields resulted in a rationale and description of ten essential practices when adults read to S-D/HH. These practices are briefly reviewed in this paper and examples provided. In addition, information on "when students read to adults" is included.


Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) can be targeted for the treatment of pain associated with various medical conditions. Herein we report the design and synthesis of a novel series of heterocyclic‐N‐carboxamide FAAH inhibitors that have a good alignment of potency, metabolic stability and selectivity for FAAH over monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and carboxylesterases (CEs). Lead optimization efforts carried out with benzotriazolyl‐ and imidazolyl‐N‐carboxamide series led to the discovery of clinical candidate 8 l (3‐(1‐(cyclohexyl(methyl)carbamoyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐4‐yl)pyridine 1‐oxide; BIA 10‐2474) as a potent and long‐acting inhibitor of FAAH. However, during a Phase I clinical trial with compound 8 l, unexpected and unpredictable serious neurological adverse events occurred, affecting five healthy volunteers, including the death of one subject.


What is the nature and role of reflection for teachers? How is teacher reflection influenced by environmental/situational factors? Examination of stated beliefs and observed practices of four 7th and 8th grade mathematics classroom teachers were used as evidential sources to help answer these questions in this interpretive investigation. Multiple data sources revealed classroom settings elicited mostly spontaneous, technically oriented reflections, while reflections in the interview setting were more personally focused. An analysis of the teachers' metaphorical language indicated that reflections could be increased through the influence of a conflicted educational context and inhibited by deep level belief structures that limited the scope of reflections. (Author) ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** An Investigation of Teacher Reflection: Four Mathematics Teachers Reflect on Education


This paper reviews the basic steps in computer-based recognition of patterns in image or signal data, with emphasis on image applications.


This paper introduced the theory,structure,character and application of the oil film bear systematically, analyzed the key points in the course of application and maintenance of the oil film bear,specified the detail technology and the guidance and sustain in order to use the oil film bear in a right way.


Chapters: Kstars, Celestia, Stellarium, Starlink Project, Digital Universe Atlas, Instrument Neutral Distributed Interface, Cartes Du Ciel, Pp3, Aladin Sky Atlas, Iris, Space Telescope Science Data Analysis System. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 47. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Celestia is a 3D astronomy program created by Chris Laurel. The program is based on the Hipparcos Catalogue (HIP) and allows users to travel through an extensive universe, modeled after reality, at any speed, in any direction and at any time in history. Celestia displays and interacts with objects ranging in scale from artificial satellites to entire galaxies in three dimensions using OpenGL, from perspectives which would not be possible from a classic planetarium or other ground based display. NASA and ESA have used Celestia in their educational and outreach programs, as well as for interfacing to trajectory analysis software. Celestia is available for Linux, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows. Released under the GNU General Public License, Celestia is free software. Typical DSO survey in CelestiaCelestia displays the Hipparcos Catalogue (HIP) of almost 120,000 stars. Celestia uses the very accurate VSOP87 theory of planetary orbits. This makes it possible for it to provide a Solar and lunar eclipse finder and to display the orbital paths of planets (including extrasolar planets), dwarf planets, moons, asteroids, comets, artificial satellites, and spacecraft. The user can vary the number of stars that are visible on the screen and have them drawn in different styles. Celestia users can travel/fly through the Celestia universe using simple keyboard controls, at any speed from 0.001m/s to millions of light years/s. Viewpoints can be set to look forward, backward or at any angle to direction of travel. Cont...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=399773


Abstract The existence of repeating patterns of behavior—cyclic activity—is shown to be a fundamental property of both natural and artificial systems. It is shown how this concept may be utilized in the description of a variety of different systems. The implications of such an approach are shown to be significant, not purely as a theoretical exercise, but in the design of practical "cybernetic" machines. The universality of the technique is seen to provide a common focal point for a wide range of scientific disciplines.


Objective To investigate the role of NF-κB p65 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the apoptosis induction of hepatoma cell and its mechanism. Methods Hepatoma cell line SM-7721 in log phase were transferred to 6-well plates, and divided randomly into siRNA group, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) group and control group when incubated to 60%-80% confluence, the siRNA group was transfected with NF-кB p65 siRNA for 48hs and then treated with 100ng/ml 5-Fu for 24hs; the 5-Fu group was treated with 5-Fu only; the control group was not treated especially. The apoptosis rate was analysed using flowcytometry, the expression of Bcl-2, Atg5 and Bedim-1 genes were determined using RT-PCR. Results The apoptosis rate was 82.3%±5.6% in siRNA group, 50.6%±4.5% in 5-Fu group, and 8.3%±2.4% in control group, respectively. The pairwise comparison among the groups showed the P values were less than 0.05; Compared with the 5-Fu group and control group, the apoptosis rate of siRNA group increased significantly ,the expression of Bcl-2 gene decreased, the expression of Atg5 and Beclin-1 genes increased significantly (all P<0.05). Conclusions NF-КB p65 siRNA can induce the apoptosis of hepatoma cells and enhance the sensitivity of chemotherapy by down-regulating the expression of antiapoptosis genes and up-regulating the expression of autophagy genes; this study can provide the basis data for targeted therapy of hepatoma.


Satisfying family energy consumption in rural areas is an important aspect to the improvement of peasants' living standard and a contributor to social and economic development.Both the central and local governments in China have included the construction of biogas digesters,which has contributed to the promotion of working and living condition in rural areas,as an important content to the Construction of New Countryside.According to the analysis based on a three-year investigation about the rural family energy consumption in Lianshui,Jiangsu Province,the construction of biogas digesters has greatly reduced per capita energy consumption in rural families.Biogas primarily takes the place of firewood and crop stalks.Moreover,it partly replaces commercial energies like LPG,coal and charcoal.Evident difference in per capita effective heat and the proportion of commercial energy in effective heat exists in the two types of families.Per capita effective heat in families with biogas digesters is at large higher than those without,which shows that the building of biogas digester has improved living quality.


The invention discloses a hydraulic control system for a rotary expansion device of a rotary drilling rig, and belongs to the field of piling machinery. By the hydraulic control system, transverse expansion can be performed after a rotary excavating drill is drilled in the ground. The hydraulic control system comprises a pressurizing coupling and a master hoist reversing coupling of a multi-way valve, an oil way converter, a reel control valve block, reel motors, a back pressure check valve and a back pressure overflow valve. According to the hydraulic control system, a fixed oil way is connected to an oil way on a rotating body by the oil way converter; hydraulic oil enters an oil cylinder under a well from a turnplate rubber tube to push a lateral drilling rig to be expanded under the well; a reel is dragged to rotate reversely under the action of the gravity of a drill stem, so that the rubber tube is put down; and pressure oil enters the reel control valve block by the oil way converter and enters the reel motors, and the reel motors rotate forwards, so that the rubber tube is reeled back to the reel with the lifting of the drill stem. The hydraulic control system has the advantages that transverse expansion under the well is realized, so that the foundation of piles is reinforced; and a back pressure throttle valve and a flow distributing and collecting valve are arranged in a system, and the lifting speed is controlled, so that the rubber tube and the drill stem are lifted synchronously, external force which is born by the rubber tube is reduced, and the service life of the rubber tube is prolonged.


A polio victim who has been in a negative pressure ventilator ("iron lung") since 1950 was in need of an activated mattress to combat the hallucinatory effects of complete immobilization and to assist with body pressure distribution. A mechanical method was used to give the patient's mattress a moving wave form of vertical amplitude 50mm with a period variable from 50 seconds to infinity. His arms rested on separate supports which oscillated 180 degrees out of phase with the trunk support. The device is powered by a 12 volt electric motor operating through two mechanical reduction gear units. It differs significantly in design and purpose from pneumatic ripple mattresses.


AbstractUnderstanding the compressive behavior of reconstituted clays plays the central role for many infrastructures, particularly for those built in coastal areas. This paper presents an enhanced...


Undergraduate college students were presented with two arrays of dots varying in numerosity on a computer screen and asked to indicate if the arrays differed in number. They also rated their level of confidence in their responses. Trials varied in difficulty based on the size of the arrays. On half of the trials, participants were shown the ostensible responses of confederates to test the effect of peer influence on numerosity judgments and participant confidence. On the other half of the trials, participants received no information about the responses of the confederates to provide a measure of baseline performance. Higher levels of conformity were observed for the difficult trials, on which participants were both less accurate and less confident. However, confidence ratings were influenced by peer judgments for easy trials but not for difficult trials. These data suggest that task difficulty influences conformity when making perceptual judgments.


Curriculum development efforts at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City are an urgency, and Insya Allah it will be included in the success of student teaching and learning activities (KBM) according to the times and included in the vision and mission of AKBID Prima Husada. Based on this, three problems become the main research studies, namely first, how is the implementation of the curriculum at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City. Second, what is the curriculum development strategy at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City. Third, what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for curriculum development at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Sources of data through interviews, observation, and documentation which are then analyzed in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions in accordance with the guidelines of qualitative research methodology.Keywords:   Each word/phrase is separated by commas. he results of the study: first, the implementation of the curriculum at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City is using the convergence curriculum with the name rainbow curriculum, namely the formal curriculum, and the tahfidz curriculum. Second, the curriculum development strategy is diversification by adding new products, namely the Hafid curriculum packaged with Reading and Writing the Qur'an (BTQ) and tahfidz (memorization of prayers from the Qur'an and Hadith). Third, the supporting and inhibiting factors for curriculum development at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City are: Factors supporting flexibility, namely providing space and flexibility for stakeholders in the effort to develop curriculum at AKBID Prima Husada Bogor City. The inhibiting factor is the limited time in optimizing the Pelangi curriculum, and there are some students who do not have basic knowledge about BTQ learning.
 Keywords: Strategic Management, Curriculum Development


This study aims to improve science learning outcomes in the concept of substance classification through the application of the Problem Based Learning Model, and increase student activity. This research was a Class Action Research conducted in class VII A of SMPN 3 Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency. The method used was descriptive method. Data collection techniques used include observation, tests, and questionnaires. The results of the study concluded that there was a change in the ability of students after the action process as follows: those who completed cycle I about 32.14%; who completed cycle II about 46.42%; and who completed cycle III about 89.28%. Thus it can be concluded that there was an increase in completeness over 3 (three) cycles of 57.14%.


The purpose of this review is to introduce the reader to the steroid world through an example of Inetabolic engineering consisting of the transfer of a InamlnaJian biosynthetic pathway into a recombinant organisnl. It attempts to collect together the knowledge that has been accumulated around the lnatnmalian steroid pathway with the view of building an efficient model for understanding its regulation. Steroids are ubiquitous molecules present in 1110St organisms. In nlamlna]s, plants, and fungi they are synthesized frOlTI acetylCoA, while in other organisms, such as


We present the design of an interface for a camera array that will enable mentoring and monitoring of dissections and surgical procedures for medical instructors and students. While considerable research has investigated the recording and broadcasting of surgical procedures and dissection sessions for medical instruction, little work has been reported on the integration of an interface able to display multiple viewpoints within a medical context. The interface presented here allows a designated individual, the instructor, to provide the best viewing point to observe and execute a procedure, and simultaneously, offers the remote viewer the freedom to change viewpoints.


Fiscal challenges at state and local governments are a potential threat to the economic recovery in rural America. Rural communities depend heavily on intergovernmental transfers from the states to provide local services. Many people in rural communities rely on the state or local government for their jobs and on Medicaid as part of their income. Thus, rural economies are highly susceptible to state budget shortfalls. As state governments cut spending in response to looming budget deficits in coming years, rural America's fiscal problems may also deepen.


Standard enthalpies ΔfH298, entropies S298, and Gibbs functions of formation ΔfG298 for a large number of silicon hydrides containing one to five Si atoms have been calculated. The choice of compounds includes cyclic and acyclic silanes, silyl radicals, silylenes, disilenes, and cyclic diradicals. The thermodynamic functions were calculated using an empirically corrected ab initio scheme. The electronic energies were obtained with multiconfiguration reference averaged coupled-pair functional (ACPF) wave functions. Two different basis sets were employed to demonstrate the validity of the correction scheme. The computed data are compared with experimental and theoretical data from other laboratories. Increment rules and substituent effects are presented and various reaction enthalpies are tabulated and discussed. The performance of the correction scheme and potential pitfalls in its general applicability are discussed.


An infectious disease mainly characterized of fervescence,cyanosis skin,lymphadenectasis,swollen lungs,splenomegaly,bleeding and purulent occurred in a breeding farm in Ya'an in the province of Sichuan.A pathogen was isolated by blood agar culturing,and characterized by morphological observation,biochemical test,antibiotic sensitive test and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.The 16S rRNA gene sequence was compared with sequences of other 25 reference bacteria belonging to Corynebacterium.The results showed that the isolated bacteria was G+,rod-shaped,and sensitive to the cephalosporin antibiotics,the homology analysis showed that the homology between isolated bacterium and other strains of Corynebacterium was from 78.2% to 98.0%.Through phylogenetic analysis,the isolated bacterium was identified as Corynebacterium.


This research is aimed to investigate the implementation of warming-up activities and the students' responses towards those activities during English classes at Sekolah Menengah Pertama Luar Biasa (SMPLB/Special Junior High School) of Prof Dr Sri Soedewi Mascjhun Sofwan SH in Jambi. Warming-up activity is a kind of learning activity that is done to start classes. This activity is designed to be interesting and enjoyable in order to help the students to be more comfortable and to be motivated to study in the class. This research used qualitative approach. The subjects of the research were the second-grade students with intellectual disability and their English teacher at Level C of Class 9. The data were collected from in-depth interview with the teachers and classroom observation. The findings of the research showed that the teacher mostly used songs and simple conversations that usually contained jokes and question-answer activities as warming-up activities to begin his classes. Alternatively, the teacher also used drill method that was designed according to the learning topics. Classroom observations showed that the implementation of warming-up activities was responded positively by the students. The use of those particular warming-up activities for students with intellectual disability not only prepared the students to learn, but it also facilitated the teacher's efforts to introduce new vocabularies. This approach helped the students to pronounce and to memorize the vocabulary more easily. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that a proper use of warming-up activities can help teacher to create more positive and encouraging classroom atmosphere that benefits students with disability.

Key words: Warming-Up Activities, Students with Special Needs, Special School, Students with Intellectual Disability.


The investment decision Process varies from one individual to another and from one country to another respectively. These decisions are usually taken based on either a Conventional basis or linked to the sentimental side of investors and reflected through behavioral finance gateway, where biases and psychological side of investors control their way of thinking and affect their investment decisions endlessly. Furthermore, based on previous literature the majority of investors tend to incorporate both gateways during their investment process as they don't depend solely on Conventional gate, but their psychological part appears to play a big role while deciding and similarly for Lebanon. However, the main aim of this paper lies in investigating the main factors from both gates triggering Lebanese individual investors' decision-making during their investment process. Moreover, the empirical part lies on focusing on a bunch of samples from individual Lebanese investors distributed along with most Lebanese districts; where 211 complete responses are interpreted within the SPSS program, undergoing factor analyses and Regression models. Results obtained indicates that Lebanese individual investors tend to incorporate both gateways in their investments decision, where the main goal stays utility and profit maximization; that to say tending to seek profits regardless of the investment field and approach. Nevertheless, during seeking profits Lebanese investor is being exposed to certain behavioral errors and biases that appear to impact and control his decisions significantly during investment making the process so far, and theses biases are affecting the Lebanese individual investors clearly more than that of conventional ones.


OBJECTIVE: To identify how spiritual knowledge and practices are related to the health-disease process of the subjects. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This is an integrative review of the literature developed in the databases SCIELO, LILACS, BDENF, CINAHL and MEDLINE. The descriptors were "spirituality", "healing by faith" and "health-disease process". These descriptors were associated with the Boolean operator "and". As inclusion criteria, original researches (in English, Portuguese and Spanish) were adopted between 2008 and 2018. These surveys are available in full for free. RESULTS: 16 scientific studies were identified in the databases. Data analysis originated three thematic categories: the influence of religiosity in specific situations of illness; health professionals and spirituality; spiritual knowledge and practices and its relationship with the health-disease process. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It was observed that spirituality is seen as an important form of personal confrontation for people who go through chronic illness processes. In addition, it serves as a means for the social support of these individuals. The main healing practices reported in the literature were baths, prayers, spells and offerings. Professionals see this theme as something necessary in the care process, although they do not believe they have gone through a training process that takes these issues into consideration.


Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a magnetic resonance (MR) based method to investigate water diffusion in tissue like the human brain. Inference focuses on integral properties of the tissue microstructure. The acquired data are usually modeled using the diffusion tensor model, a three-dimensional Gaussian model for the diffusion process. Since the homogeneity assumption behind this model is not valid in large portion of the brain voxel more sophisticated approaches have been developed. This paper describes the R package dti. The package offers capabilities for the analysis of diffusion weighted MR experiments. Here, we focus on recent extensions of the package, for example models for high angular resolution diffusion weighted imaging (HARDI) data, including Q-ball imaging and tensor mixture models, and fiber tracking. We provide a detailed description of the package structure and functionality. Examples are used to guide the reader through a typical analysis using the package. Data sets and R scripts used are available as electronic supplements.