The Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks of Daliugou Formation at the southern margin of the Turpan‐Hami Basin in the eastern Tianshan Orogen host important volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Here, we report zircon U–Pb ages of dacite and tuff from the hangingwall and footwall of the VMS deposit, and granodiorite that intruded the volcanics. Our data reveal that the dacite crystallized at 441.4 ± 2.6 Ma and carry older xenocrysts of 2,664, 1,854, and 1,074 Ma. Zircons in the intensively altered tuff crystallized at 440.4 ± 2.9 Ma, with inherited grains of 2,517.4 ± 31.9, and 782.9 ± 11.1 Ma. Zircons in the granodiorite yield a weighted mean age of 430.0 ± 1.7 Ma. The volcanics in the Daliugou Formation evolved from basaltic andesite (>450 Ma) and tuff (450–440 Ma) to dacitic lava (440–420 Ma). We envisage a subduction‐related tectonic setting for the Daliugou Formation rocks when the eastern Kalatag area transformed from an island arc before 450 Ma, through back‐arc basin during 450–440 Ma, to island arc during 440–420 Ma.


This document reports the results of a radiological assessment and remedial action program conducted by Argonne National Laboratory personnel at a radioactively contaminated private residence in Lansdowne, Pennsylvania. The program was conducted on the residence at 186 Lansdowne Avenue. The survey conducted by the ANL personnel indicated that several dozen areas or spots of contamination were present on all floors and the basement of the three-story house. Contamination was found on furniture, carpeting, walls, floors, woodwork, and ceilings. Remedial action undertaken to remove the contamination ranged from scrubbing, to scraping, to shaving of wood, to removal and disposal of items and material that could not be adequately decontaminated. Outdoors, contaminated soil was removed from the backyard, and the driveway was dug up so the contaminated subsurface material could be removed. The remedial action generated quantities of radioactive waste, including four 55-gallon drums and one M-III bin (120 ft/sup 3/) containing floor tile, concrete, personal items, furniture, floor scrapings, vermiculite absorbed scrub water, and other items. In addition, there were 24 M-III bins containing approximately 112 tons of contaminated soil and rock from the two contaminated areas in the backyard and from the contaminated subsurface of the driveway. 2 refs., 39more » figs., 12 tabs.« less


Understanding the drivers of customer behavior is an important consideration for developing incentives that result in desired outcomes. These incentives can be monetary or non-monetary and may differ based on socioeconomic backgrounds. Further with consumer demand flexibility and distributed generation as a grid resource, the price a consumer is "willing to accept" to make a trade may well be different from the price that they were 'willing to pay' (WTP) when they were just buyers. Additionally, these responses may be sensitive to the underlying demography of the study. In the electricity sector, a number of strategies have been used when designing rates, but not all of them are cognizant of the WTA ('willing to accept')-WTP gap. This paper conducts a meta-analysis on the evolution of rate designs, including methodologies used for developing the rates, econometrics-based methods for assessing rate structures in accordance with differences in customer preferences, all with a focus on the WTA-WTP gap. With these findings we provide recommendations for further research on rate and incentive designs, that are sensitive to the socioeconomic makeup of the population under study.


Abstract : A hypothetical air refueling operation involving a B-52H bomber and a KC-135 tanker is modeled on an analog computer for the purpose of determining its vulnerability to air turbulence and pilot gain decrement due to irradiation. The model includes: (1) Longitudinal small perturbation equations of motion for the B-52H in the downwash flow field of the KC-135; (2) Pilot models to operate the elevator and throttle of the B-52H; and (3) A stochastic gust model which provides vertical gust disturbances to the equations of motion. The controlled elements with and without downwash are derived for the refueling task. Comparison of these transfer functions shows that the downwash causes instability. Stability analyses are conducted on the pilot-aircraft open-loop transfer functions over a range of pilot rate to displacement weighting, T sub L, and pilot gains are found which will stabilize the system for each value of T sub L. Monte Carlo simulations of the refueling task are run at varying combinations of T sub L, rms gust intensity, pilot thrust authority, and pilot gain decrement due to irradiation. Trends of mean refueling time are predicted.


: The authors present data obtained from telephone interviews with 35 patients who were considered recovered 12 to 15 months following treatment for bulimia. Subjects were asked to rate treatment approaches and treatment components as to their helpfulness. The results show that activities within the domain of dietitians can play an important part in the treatment of bulimia.


This study examines the performances of remote procedure call (RPC) and mobile agents. Under increasing number of nodes, the performances of the two paradigms were considered. The results obtained show that the performances of the two are similar with few nodes or RPC even performed better in some cases. However, mobile agents gain significant advantages over RPC in terms of load overhead and speed when the number of nodes is increased significantly. Apart from savings in terms of load overhead and speed, it has been established also that mobile agents operate well under low communication


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of plasma exchange combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome. Methods Five patients diagnosed with hemophagocytic syndrome and treated by plasma exchange combined with chemotherapy in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The clinical data was studied retrospectively. Results Of the 5 patients, 4 achieved improvements after treatment, with the survival time of over 6 months. One achieved no improvements and died in 2 months, with the mean survival time of 6.1 months. Conclusion Plasma exchange combined with chemotherapy can effectively control the progression of the disease and prolong survival in hemophagocytic syndrome.


The fuzzy allowable intervals of the deflection, the vibration frequency and the fatigue strength of the shaft fixing grinding wheel are proposed in present paper based fuzzy set theory. According to fuzzy probability theory, the fuzzy reliability model of the rigidity, the fuzzy reliability model of the vibration and the fuzzy reliability model of the fatigue for the shaft fixing grinding wheel in internal grinding are given. The method is put into real example.


Expiratory Positive airway pressure (EPAP) devices such as Provent have been used for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea without discussing their limitations. In this short review we discuss the physiological limitations of EPAP devices during inspiration and during expiration. During spontaneous breathing, when EPAP is excessive, the patient would have difficulty breathing in because lung compliance decreases at higher volumes. Furthermore excessive EPAP could lead to progressive trapping of air in the lungs. An ideal EPAP device should allow the patient to adjust the resistance to a comfortable level that would provide EPAP without a progressive buildup in pressure, without compromising tidal volume, without causing CO2 retention, and without disturbing sleep. The use of EPAP devices with adjustable resistance is essential for best results in treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. DOI : 10.14302/issn.2574-4518.jsdr-16-1333 Corresponding author : T.S. Hakim, Ph.D., Sleep Apnea Treatment Center, 10443 N Cave Creek Rd, Suite 110, Phoenix, AZ 85020, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Tel: (602) 944-0847


in aging. Compelling evidence supports meaningful interrelations between walking and cognition, notably when the former is performed under dual-task conditions that place increased demands on attention and executive control resources subserved by the prefrontal cortex (PFC) [1]. Indeed, a recent review and meta-analytic study established that due to the increased cognitive demands involved in allocating attention to competing task demands, older adults demonstrate a reliable decline in walking performance in dualcompared to single-task conditions [2]. Importantly, dual-task walking paradigms approximate conditions in natural environments that require adaptation to competing sensory, physical and cognitive interferences.


We have many environmental problems: some seem insoluble, some are difficult to solve, but some we should at least attempt to do better at than we have thus far. One of the problems we can solve better than we have yet done is that related to the warming of our atmosphere by the so-called 'greenhouse effect'. We cannot go on polluting the atmosphere with carbon dioxide without courting disaster. And how does the United States' Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) react to this? By saying we had better get used to it. This is unrealistic, unscientific, and in fact ridiculous. I have a Bachelor's degree in Atmospheric Science from the University of Michigan (I am about to complete my Master's degree programme), and I refuse to accept the EPA's assertion that it is too late for a ban on fossil fuels to have any greater effect than simply to delay the atmospheric warming. The EPA's prediction is based on only one radiative mechanism; there are many other atmospheric effects (changes in the global circulation, for example) that have been neglected in their analysis, and are in fact too poorly understood to be adequately taken into account. Thus, I find the EPA's prediction pretentious on account of the incompleteness of their analysis. Another relevant scientific fact involves the general properties of natural systems in some sort of equilibrium: such systems have a capacity to react to temporary changes, but when once they are driven too far out of equilibrium, they tend to break down very rapidly and unpredictably. Such a breakdown of the atmosphere would undoubtedly be catastrophic. On the other hand, one can get a feel for the atmosphere's tolerance of climatic change by taking note of the many Ice Ages and warm interglacial periods of its geologically recent history; indeed, the Earth has shown a great degree of climatic resilience. Therefore, I find it likely that the various atmospheric processes will interact to keep the climate in some tolerable balance if we do not continue persistently to feed the 'greenhouse effect' with pollution from fossil fuels. However, if we do continue this pollution, most of the continental land-masses will eventually become vast deserts, and coastal areas and islands (such as New York, Los Angeles, and much of Scandinavia and the British Isles) will be flooded, owing to the melting of the polar ice-caps. And this may occur much sooner than the EPA has predicted.


We carried out a structural-spectroscopic study of
AlGaN/GaN epitaxial layers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy
with nitrogen plasma activation on a hybrid substrate containing
layers of silicon carbide and porous silicon. Using X-ray
diffractometry, Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy, it is
shown that thin films formed on a hybrid substrate have minimal
residual stresses and intense photoluminescence.


423 Background: Response to VEGF targeted therapies has been recently shown to be an important prognostic and predictive marker in metastatic RCC. However, whether the extent of tumor shrinkage (TS) correlates with distinct clinical outcome remains unknown. We investigated the role of early TS fractions on median progression free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS).

METHODS
Tumor evaluations according to RECIST 1.1 were performed within 3 months (mo) of targeted therapy with a VEGF inhibitor in 108 patients (pts). Pts were then categorized in fractions of TS: a) -100% to -60%; b) -60 % to -30% and c) -30% to 0% or gain in tumour size: d) 0% to +20% and e) > +20%. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were performed to estimate PFS and OS with a landmark set to 6 mo. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was utilized for evaluation of prognostic factors.

RESULTS
First-line VEGF inhibition achieved a PFS of 10.6 mo (95% CI 8.7 - 12.5) and an OS of 29.8 mo (95% CI 23.9 - 35.6) in all pts. 5 pts achieved a complete remission (4.6%), 28 pts a partial remission (25.9%), 52 pts. stable disease (48.2%), and 23 pts. had progressive disease (21.3%) as best response. In univariate analyses histology (clear cell differentiation vs. others) and TS were associated with PFS (p = 0.026; p <0.0001) and OS (p = 0.017; p = 0.009). Multivariate analyses confirmed the relevance of TS as a prognostic variable for OS (p = 0.021; HR 1.49) and PFS (p = <0.001; HR 1.91).

CONCLUSIONS
TS is an independent predictive and prognostic marker in first-line treatment with VEGF inhibitors in mRCC. [Table: see text].


To evaluate growth of the Pacific sardine in the Gulf of California, fish samples were collected from the commercial fleet during the 2010–11, 2011–12 and 2012– 13 fishing seasons. Sardine samples were measured in standard length (SL) and age was determined based on counting opaque and hyaline growth increments in the otoliths. Four growth models were fitted to the age and length data: von Bertalanffy Growth Model (VBGM), Gompertz, Logistic, and Schnute, using a maximum likelihood algorithm. Confidence intervals of each parameter were calculated through likelihood profiles. The model that best explained the species growth kinetics was selected by Akaike information criteria and Akaike's weight (wi), while growth parameter covariance was obtained by the likelihood contour method. The sardines obtained from catches ranged in age from 0.5–6 years; sizes varied from 98–218 mm (SL). The growth model that obtained the greatest weight was VBGM (wi = 73.11%) whose estimated parameters and confidence intervals (CI) for the Pacific sardine were L∞ = 201.28 (200.70–201.80) mm SL, K = 0.581 (SD: 0.577–0.586) and t0 = –0.839 (SD: –0.855 – –0.824), showing a more accelerated growth rate of the species in the Gulf of California compared to the same species inhabiting the coasts of Baja California and California. INTRODUCTION Small pelagic fish are part of one of the main fishery resources in Mexico because of their great catch volume (Cisneros-Mata et al. 1990; Nevárez-Martínez et al. 2014). The sardine fishery has contributed up to 30% annual landing weight mainly in the Gulf of California (GC), representing around 10% of national fishing economic value (Nevárez-Martínez et al. 2001; Nevárez-Martínez et al. 2014; DOF 2018). The main fishery target is the Pacific sardine (Sardinops caeruleus Girard 1856), which in some seasons has contributed up to 80% of the total small pelagic catches in the GC (Nevárez-Martínez et al. 2014; DOF 2018). Their distribution and abundance have been linked to environmental factors such as wind patterns (upwelling) and sea surface temperature (SST) (Nevárez-Martínez et al. 2001; Lanz-Sánchez et al. 2008; Dorval et al. 2015). Between Mexico and Canada, three stocks of Pacific sardine have been well identified with different approaches, including morphometrics, meristic, tagging, blood antigen, differentiated spawning areas and catch-sea temperature data (Clark and Jensen 1945; Clark 1947; Vrooman 1964; Mais 1972; Radovich 1982; Parrish et al. 1989; FélixUraga et al. 2004, 2005; Smith 2005; García-Rodríguez et al. 2011; Demer and Zwolinski 2014). The first one is the cold stock located off the northern coast of Baja California, México, to Canada; the second one is the temperate stock found in waters from southern California, U.S.A., to Bahía Magdalena, Baja California Sur, México; and the third stock and objective of this study is the one that inhabits the Gulf of California (Vrooman 1964; Smith 2005; Demer and Zwolinski 2014). Biomass fluctuations and stock availability, within and out of the GC, depend on climate and environmental factors, which influence strongly high population variability in parameters such as cohort growth through time (Félix-Uraga et al. 2005; Dorval et al. 2015; Checkley Jr. EDGAR ARNOLDO ARZOLA-SOTELO Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Km 2.35 Carretera a Las Tinajas, Colonia Tinajas CP. 85460 Guaymas, Sonora, México JUANA LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Km 2.35 Carretera a Las Tinajas, Colonia Tinajas CP. 85460 Guaymas, Sonora, México ph: +52 (622) 221 2237 fax: +52 (622) 221 2238 email@example.com JOSÉ PABLO SANTOS-MOLINA Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuacultura Centro Regional de Investigación Pesquera Guaymas, Sonora, México Calle 20 Sur 605, Colonia La Cantera Guaymas, Sonora 85430, México MARÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES MARTÍNEZ-ZAVALA Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuacultura Centro Regional de Investigación Pesquera Guaymas, Sonora, México Calle 20 Sur 605, Colonia La Cantera Guaymas, Sonora 85430, México NEVÁREZ-MARTÍNEZ ET AL.: GROWTH OF THE PACIFIC SARDINE CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 60, 2019 67 schools (Lewison et al. 2004). Dimensions of this fishing gear depend on boat capacity (regularly greater than 100 tons); thus, purse seine net were between 366 and 640 m long and 40 to 100 m high with the same 25.1 mm mesh size for the entire net (DOF 2018). Length structure and age determination For the period that comprised the fishing seasons from 2010–11 to 2012–13, samples of the Pacific sardine S. caeruleus caught in the Gulf of California and landed at the ports of Guaymas and Yavaros (Sonora) were analyzed. Sampling was done in port where fishing landings were made; a sample of approximately 10 kg (from 80 to 120 sardines, depending on individual weight) was taken at random. All the sardines in the sample were measured in standard length (SL, precision of ±1 mm), grouped into five-millimeter length intervals. Five sardines were selected from each length interval or if there were less than five, those that were in that interval were selected. This subsample of fish was measured for biological characteristics such as standard length (SL), total weight (TW, accuracy of ±1 g), sex, and otoliths (sagitta) were extracted. The otoliths were rinsed with clean water to remove any remaining tissue, and then stored to dry in labeled gelatin capsules. The age of the Pacific sardines was determined based on counting opaque and hyaline growth increments in the otoliths. For this purpose, otoliths were immersed in distilled water and observed under a stereoscopic microscope (16X and 40X), using reflected light on a dark background, which allowed observing the opaque increments in whitish color and the hyaline increments in dark color (Williams and Bedford 1974; Holden and Raitt 1974; Nevárez-Martínez et al. 1996; Yaremko 1996). The reading of growth increments in the otoliths was made by two independent readers that counted them at two different times; the results were compared and when discrepancies were reported, they were verified through a third reading. At the time of the readings, the readers did not have the information either of the size or sex. By means of a graphical analysis of the relative monthly frequency of otoliths with opaque and hyaline edges (Méndez-Da-Silveira 1987; JiménezRodríguez 1991; Nevárez-Martínez et al. 1996), the periodicity of the formation of an opaque and a hyaline increment was defined. No assumption of birthdate was made. As such, the most distal of the opaque or translucent edges were counted as growth increments. Since the growth increment counts were not adjusted for the birthdate, the counted growth increments were equal to the age of the fish. For example, if the otoliths of a specific sardine were counted as three growth increments, one opaque, one hyaline, and the edge was undoubtedly opaque, this sardine was assigned an age of 1.5 years. et al. 2017). Growth of the sardine S. caeruleus within the GC differed from that found in the Pacific, which may be due to the ecosystem dynamics of the GC compared to the Pacific (De AndaMontañez et al. 1999). Growth rate is one of the most important life history parameters of fish populations, particularly in commercially exploited species (Mercier et al. 2011; Lorenzen 2016). Growth estimation helps us to understand biological traits of the population that could be affected by overfishing (Ali et al. 2003) and determine longterm impacts deriving from fishing or environmental effects (Botsford 1981; Dorval et al. 2015). Furthermore, growth parameter values such as asymptotic length (L∞) and growth rate coefficient (K) are used as seed values in multiple stock assessment models (Beddington and Kirkwood 2005; Haddon 2011). In the Pacific sardine, most growth estimations performed until now have been based on using the von Bertalanffy (VBGM) model (Cisneros-Mata et al. 1990; Gallardo-Cabello et al. 1991; De Anda-Montañez et al. 1999; Martínez-Zavala et al. 2006) and Gompertz model for length-age data of juveniles in the GC (Quiñonez-Velázquez et al. 2000). The VBGM has been historically used in fisheries to assess fish growth (Katsanevakis and Maravelias 2008; Mercier et al. 2011; Lorenzen 2016); nonetheless, appropriate models should be selected on the indication of biological reality, statistical fit, and when the models applied are complex, also the parsimony (Burnham and Anderson 2002; Cailliet et al. 2006; Katsanevakis 2006). Thus, it was necessary to assess growth with more than one model and compare the fits among models to select the one that best described growth kinetics of the species through statistical information criteria (Burnham and Anderson 2002; Katsanevakis and Maravelias 2008; Beninger et al. 2012). Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess growth of the Pacific sardine S. caeruleus in the Gulf of California through the multimodel approach, including as candidate models VBGM, Gompertz, Logistics and Schnute for the sake of robustness in growth parameters estimation for this species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling The information analyzed for the Pacific sardine, Sardinops caeruleus Girard 1856, came from samples obtained from the commercial sardine fishery during the 2010–11, 2011–12 and 2012–13 seasons in the Gulf of California, Mexico (fig. 1); the fishing season starts in October and ends in July or August of the following year. Catch of this species was performed with purse seine nets, which consisted of large net walls that close and secure the bottom and then drag below sardine NEVÁREZ-MARTÍNEZ ET AL.: GROWTH OF THE PACIFIC SARDINE CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 60, 2019 68 growth models. Growth parameters (θ) for all four candidate growth models were fitted using a maximum log likelihood approach, according to the next objetive function (Neter et al. 1996; Haddon 2001): n LL (θ|data) = – ( ) [ln(2π) + 2 * ln(σ) + 1], (1) 2 Where LL


In this study, two unbleached kraft pine pulp samples with different degrees of delignification as expressed by their respective kappa numbers of 17.30 and 29.30 were subjected to beating at different PFI mill revolutions of 0, 400, 800 and 1200 respectively. Pulp handsheets at each level were made and the strength properties of the formed handsheets assessed to evaluate the effect of variation of beating revolution and degree of delignification on pulp sheet strength. The study showed that there was a progressive increase in tensile and burst strength with increasing beating. However, higher strength values of 5.40 N.m/g and 5.46 N.m/g for tensile index and 4.08 Kpa.m/g and 4.59 Kpa.m/g for burst index were respectively attained earlier at 400 and 800 PFI beating revolutions using pulp of 17.30 kappa number, compared to pulp of 29.30 kappa number with equivalent strength values of 5.32 N.m/g and 6.08 N.m/g for tensile index and 3.53 Kpa.m/g and 3.71 Kpa.m/g for burst index which could only be attained at higher PFI mill beating values of 800 and 1200 revolutions respectively. The tearing strength values showed a general decreasing pattern from 1.34 – 0.64 mN.m/g for pulp of kappa number 29.30, and 1.50 – 1.15 mN.m/g for handsheets made from pulp of kappa number 17.30, as beating action increased. All the strength parameters assessed at 0.05 level of probability were significantly different. The study showed that the strength properties of unbleached kraft pine pulp sheets can be enhanced by increased beating of the pulp fibres, and that the strength properties of the handsheets likewise improve with progress in the degree of delignification of the pulp fibres that make up the sheet.


This paper introduces an oilfield electronic inspection system based on embedded system.The system is composed of upper computer and lower computer.Lower computer inspects the condition of oilfield by means of GPS positioning and in-situ datamation of the equipment operation condition.Upper computer can processes in-situ and mine the basic data transferred from lower computer whereby it is convenient for the enterprise to make rational solution.Finally the system feasibility is proved by a series of simulation experiments.


Alcohol consumption is an integral part of travel experience but its implication has been underestimated. Travel experiences are used as a competitive advantage, as more and more establishments focus on creating experiences to distinguish themselves in the increasingly competitive food and beverage sector. This paper collates literature in the area of the alcoholic beverage consumption experience of tourists and their behavioural intentions. Existing food and beverage tourism frameworks are reviewed in this study. Based on the review, we have created a new framework for the study of the alcohol consumption experience of a tourist. This conceptual study presented in the form of a proposed framework will help researchers to contribute to the field of beverage tourism by focusing on the alcoholic beverage consumption experience as the dependant construct and revealing the effects of such an experience on their revisit intention.


The object of this research is to know the effect of the factor Governmental Accounting Standard apllying, human resource competencies, Information technology utilization, and reconciliation to the financial statements quality of the working unit in payment with KPPN Mataram. The population in this research are 312 units, spread throughout 45 Ministries/Agencies. Samples taken in the research of 80 working units using purposive sampling technique. Each sample represented one respondent treasury officials is the Treasurer. Questionnaires were distributed to 80 respondents, successfully reassembled by 80 respondents. Collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis of SPSS Version 21.00. Based on the results of data analysis, it was concluded that the Governmental Accounting Standard apllying and information technology using signifikan positive effect on the quality of financial statements of working unit in payment with KPPN Mataram. While the human resource competencies and reconciliation does not significantly influence the quality of financial statements. Keywords: Gavermental Accounting Standards (GAS), competence of the human resources, information technology utilization, reconciliation, and quality of financial statements


Secure routing in Mobile Adhoc Network (Manet) is the key issue now a day in providing secure access to different network services. As mobile devices are used in accessing different services, performing secure routing becomes a challenging task. Towards this, different approaches exist which find the trusted route based on their previous transmission details and behavior of different nodes. Also, the methods focused on trust measurement based on tiny information obtained from local nodes or with global information which are incomplete. However, the adversary nodes are more capable and participate in each transmission not just to steal the data also to generate numerous threats in degrading QoS (Quality of Service) parameters like throughput, packet delivery ratio, and latency of the network. This encourages us in designing efficient routing scheme to maximize QoS performance. To solve this issue, a two stage trust verification scheme and secure routing algorithm named GL-Trust (Global-Local-Trust) is presented. The method involves in route discovery as like popular AODV (Adaptive Ondemand Distance Vector) which upgrades the protocol to collect other information like transmission supported, successful transmissions, energy, mobility, the number of neighbors, and the number of alternate route to the same destination and so on. Further, the method would perform global trust approximation to measure the value of global trust and perform local trust approximation to measure local trust. Using both the measures, the method would select a optimal route to perform routing. The protocol is designed to perform localized route selection when there is a link failure which supports the achievement of higher QoS performance. By incorporating different features in measuring trust value towards secure routing, the proposed GL-Trust scheme improves the performance of secure routing as well as other QoS factors.


As a simple and useful approach, vapor-phase photografting acrylic acid was used to modify the surface of PET films. Catalyst of silver nanoparticles was distributed on the photografting PET films equably after reducing by ascorbic acid. Topography of the pristine, grafting and metallized PET films was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD and FTIR-ATR were also used to analyze the electroless plating copper layer and the grafting PET film respectively.


Consider a finite two-player game with one round of communication. Restrict players to a subset of "monotonic" strategies. The paper justifies this restriction. The paper provides sufficient conditions under which the strategies of the restricted game that survive iterative deletion of weakly dominated strategies favor the agent who can communicate.


This article aims at narrating the experiences regarding the outset of the psychology work at the Sao Paulo Public Defender's Office. Based on some practical cases, as well as daily situations in the work environment, critical reflections are developed concerning the demands addressed by users and other professionals, possible responses to these requests and an analysis of what place psychology is asked to occupy. In order to reach this goal, one important resource is the implication analysis proposed by the institutional analysis, especially by Rene Lourau. One observes that the demands are divided in extrajudicial conflicts resolutions, psychological support, indication to public services and to therapeutic accompaniment. Practically speaking, the challenge is to foster a different view which considers the comprehension of the social-historical-economic-familiar productions of the subject, so that one does not reproduce suffering and oppression; it is a matter of constantly placing oneself as a professional who is involved in promoting citizenship, autonomy and the empowerment of the subject; according to an ethic perspective, it means understanding our practice as a promoter of demands, truth and worlds.


Abstract This paper introduces the concept of potential momentum, which is a nonlocal measure of the thermal structure that has momentum units. Physically, it may be interpreted as the zonal momentum that the flow would realize through an adiabatic redistribution of mass that made the isentropic thickness uniform poleward of a reference latitude. At the surface, a poleward temperature gradient is equivalent to an easterly reservoir of potential momentum. Potential momentum gives a global picture of the thermal field that also takes into account the meridional structure. When the mean flow is redefined in terms of the total momentum (the standard zonal momentum plus this newly defined potential momentum), the mean-flow response to the eddy forcing can be formulated locally. This allows one to relate in equilibrium the eddy absorption and the restoration of the mean flow. Using the concept of potential momentum, vertical propagation can be related to thermal forcing by means of an equation analogous to the ...


Objective To explore an objective comprehensive and pratical evaluation criterion for ischemia and necrosis of femoral headat the same time according to the criteria screen out a reasonable therapeutic way. Method On the basis of clinical symptom and radiographic manifestation of ischemia and necrosis of femoral head of the childrenan evaluation criterion which can comprehensive reflect the efficacy of the disease was formulatedfive item therapeutic groups including conservative treatment,synovectomy,synovectomy combined with femoral neck drilling hole depressure,synovectomy plus femoral neck drilling hole depressure at the same timeit combined with pelvis internal mobile osteotomyrelaxation of peri-hip soft tissue combined with synovectomy,then these cases were followed for over three yearsand according this criterion and other criterion to judge score respectivelyobtaing results were compared each other. Results There was significant difference between the criteria developed by Di and us.Each treatment way can obviously ameliorate clinical symptom and physical signbut there was not satisfactory improvement of radiographic sign.There was significant difference in efficacy between Chiari group and the others.The efficacy of patients of CatterllⅡwas better than that of CatterllⅢ and CatterllⅣ.No evident differences were found between the results of weight loading and without weight loading in Chiari osteotomy group. Conclusions Improved chiari pelvic internal mobile osteotomy group is best operation way in the five therapeutic groups,but still not enough ideal way.Ten inem twenty cents score method is more strictness than that of Di's method. 


Background. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a widespread transition to hybrid work models (combinations of co-located and remote work) as software professionals' demanded more flexibility and improved work-life balance. However, hybrid work models reduce the spontaneous, informal face-to-face interactions that promote group maturation, cohesion, and resilience. Little is known about how software companies can successfully transition to a hybrid workforce or the factors that influence the resilience of hybrid software development teams. Goal. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between hybrid work and team resilience in the context of software development. Method. Constructivist Grounded Theory was used, based on interviews of 26 software professionals. This sample included professionals of different genders, ethnicities, sexual orientations, and levels of experience. Interviewees came from eight different companies, 22 different projects, and four different countries. Consistent with grounded theory methodology, data collection, and analysis were conducted iteratively, in waves, using theoretical sampling, constant comparison, and initial, focused, and theoretical coding. Results. Software Team Resilience is the ability of a group of software professionals to continue working together effectively under adverse conditions. Resilience depends on the group's maturity. The configuration of a hybrid team (who works where and when) can promote or hinder group maturity depending on the level of intra-group interaction it supports. Conclusion. This paper presents the first study on the resilience of hybrid software teams. Software teams need resilience to maintain their performance in the face of disruptions and crises. Software professionals strongly value hybrid work; therefore, team resilience is a key factor to be considered in the software industry.


I analyze the legislative process in Argentina in the first decade that followed the return to democracy. The period was characterized by an intense use of executive decree authority to adopt policy unilaterally, something many took as evidence that presidential authority has revoked inter-branch exchange, checks, and balances. By combining the decree and statute processes in a single model of policy I am able to document two forms of selection bias, one due to looking at decrees in isolation from statutes, another to overlooking bills that did not make it out of Congress successfully. Joint evidence shows that Congress issued vetoes on executive-initiated policy much more often than the reverse, and that 4 out of 5 times a veto was effective in killing policy the killing agent was Congress, not the president. Although the decree power allows the president to do many things, it has limits.


Air temperature,relative humility,wind speed,shortwave and longwave radiation beneath 80% and20% canopy openness forest( shady slope) and in runoff field( sunny slope) were measured in Tianshan Research Station for Snow Cover and Avalanche of Chinese Academy of Sciences in the spring of 2013. The characteristics of energy budget on forest snow surface during snowmelt period were analyzed. The results showed,due to the effect of forest,the net shortwave radiation and sensible heat flux on snow surface beneath forest canopy at the shady slope were significantly lower than that at open site at sunny slope,but the loss of net longwave radiation on snow surface beneath forest canopy was lower than that at open site. The total energy heat flux on snow surfsce beneath forest canopy was significantly lower than that at open site,thus,the start and end time of snow melt beneath forest canopy were significantly later than that at open site. Beneath forest canopy at shady slope,the larger the forest canopy was,the higher the gain of sensible heat flux and net shortwave radiation were,the higher the loss of latent heat flux and net longwave radiation were. The daily variation of net shortwave radiation,sensible heat flux,latent heat flux on snow surface beneath different canopy openness forest and on sunny slop was similar,but the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux on snow surface beneath forest at nighttime were almost equal to 0 W / m2. Under the influence of vegetation,the daily variation of longwave radiation on snow surface beneath forest was significantly different with the daily variation in sunny slope.


Rheological behaviour, and shelf life of Type Ⅱ waterborne epoxy system, effects of epoxy amine hydrogen equivalent proportion on skin drying time, effects of pigment volume concentration and filler volume concentration on performance were investigated. Mechanism of film formation of waterborne epoxy system is discussed. It is showm that shelf life of the system should not be determined by change of viscosity but by change of a certain important property.


Sequence labeling is an interesting subfield of machine learning. It involves the algorithmic assignment of a class label to each member of the a certain sequence. It is widely used in natural language processing and speech recognition. In NLP field, it can used in such as information extraction, part of speech labeling, event extraction, ect. In this project, we will focus on Chinese event extraction. Hidden Markov Model(HMM) is a widely used algorithm in sequence labeling. We will see more details about this kind of model. While conditional random field(CRF) is a kind of graphic model which can also handle some sequence labeling problems. In this project, we will use both algorithms to execute a Chinese event extraction task. This task is divided into two subtasks: "trigger" labeling and "argument" labeling. We will discuss the different performance based on different tasks and with the usage of different algorithms.


1 Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Transport and Logistics Group. Email: email@example.com. 2 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, School of Business and Economics, Department of Spatial Economics. Email: email@example.com. 3 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, John Stuart Mill Institute. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com. 4 Institute for Transport Studies and Choice Modelling Centre, University of Leeds. Email: email@example.com.


Kidney transplantation has become the primary method of treating severe chronic renal failure. The first successful kidney transplant was performed in 1954 in Boston, the graft was in function for 7 years, and patient died because of the heart disease. Cardiovascu- lar disease is the leading cause of death in patients with a transplanted kidney. Despite the fact that patients with a transplanted kidney are highly susceptible to infections and have an increased tendency to develop malignant diseases, these patients die mainly of cardiovascular disease. Patients with a transplanted kidney are exposed to atherogenic risk which is associated with previous dialysis treatment and the use of immunosuppressive drugs. An excessive risk of developing cardiovascular disease in patients with a transplanted kidney is due to the high frequency and accumulation of atherogenic risk factors before and after transplantation. Pre-transplant cardiovascular disease is a major risk factor for the development of post-transplant cardiovascular disease. Risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with a transplanted kidney are divided into traditional and nontraditional. Traditional risk factors such as immutable (age, gender, and inheritance) and variable (smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, physical activity, stress). Nontraditional risk factors such as risk factors related to the status of transplantation and its treatment and risk factors associated with chronic regression in allograft function. The most common cardiovascular diseases in patients after kidney transplantation are as follows: ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy. Of all cardiovascular complications, ischemic heart disease is by far the most common cause of mortality (more than 50%) in patients with a transplanted kidney. Frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy ranges from 50 to 70% in patients with a transplanted kidney. Early detec- tion of high-risk patients for the development of cardiovascular diseases allows timely application of an appropriate therapeutic strategy that ensures high survival rates for patients with a transplanted kidney. drug addiction. Relative contraindications: frequent respiratory infections, heart failure with frequent exacerbations, frequent digestive bleeding, previous malignancy, primary renal disease with a high degree of postoperative recurrence. Temporary contraindications: tuberculosis and other chronic infections, bleeding, unexplained focal infection, unresolved bladder anomalies, arterial hypertension with complications, pro-nounced secondary hyperparathyroidism.


Daniel K. Benjamin; The Economic Impact--Land Use and Land Values, H.E. Frech, III and Ronald N. Lafferty; The Coastal Plan and Jobs--A Critique, Michael R. Peevey; The Coastal Plan as a Statewide Zoning Ordinance, Thomas E. Borcherding; The Coastal Plan and the Property Owner, Donald M. Pach; The Energy Element, Walter J. Mead; and The Transportation Element, Ross D. Eckert. Professor Johnson presented the concluding remarks. The California Coastal Coast Conservation Commission released its Coastal Plan to the public on December 1, 1975. The Institute for Contemporary Studies asked ten economists and political scientists to review and critique a specific part of the Plan. The papers are: The Economics of Environmental Extremism, M. Bruce Johnson; The California Coastal Plan as a Constitution; Eugene Bardach; Income-Distributive Consequences, Daniel Orr; Circumstances of Time and Place--Environmental Aspects.


This paper presents an HPSG analysis of the Czech periphrastic past and conditional at the morphology-syntax interface. After clarifying the status of Czech auxiliaries as words rather than affixes, we discuss the fact that the past tense exempli-fies the phenomenon of zero periphrasis , where a form of the main verb normally combined with an auxiliary can stand on its own in some paradigm cells. We ar-gue that this is the periphrastic equivalent of zero exponence, and show how the phenomenon can be accommodated within a general theory of periphrasis, where periphrasis is a particular instance of a mismatch between morphology and syntax.


We present two sets of basis functions, defined over a pair of planar triangular patches, for the solution of electromagnetic scattering and radiation problems associated with arbitrarily-shaped conducting/dielectric surfaces using the method of moments solution procedure and triangular patch modeling. The basis functions are constant over the function subdomain and resemble pulse functions in one and two dimensional problems. Further, these two sets of basis functions are point-wise mutually orthogonal. The primary objective of developing these basis functions is to utilize them for obtaining a stable and robust electromagnetic solution involving conducting, dielectric, and composite bodies.


We consider an exact factor model with unobservable common stochastic trends imposed by nonstationary factors, and study, by simulation, the power of the likelihood ratio test for unit roots in the ...


This paper examines evidence on the potential and the conditions under which public-private partnerships can bring about inclusive development. It addresses the three main debates surrounding the potential of PPPs: the alignment of business and pro-poor development interests; the actors and institutions that determine how the system works; and the outcomes that can be achieved in a global industry context. The study argues that firms in the value chain have distinct functions, power-positions, and commercial incentives to catalyze change in their supply chains. For PPPs to be effective in promoting inclusive development, they must recognize and leverage the existing power asymmetries and governance structures in the chains.


We estimate that the fraction of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) exploding inside planetary nebulae (PNe), termed SNIPs, is at least 20%. We based this on (i) sodium absorption lines in some SN Ia, (ii) hydrogen emission line from circumstellar matter, and (iii) X-ray morphology of some SN Ia remnants that resembles PNe. We conclude that the two scenarios most contributing to SNe Ia are the core degenerate and the double degenerate scenarios. The work is published in Tsebrenko & Soker [3].


This paper illustrates compiling a corpus of academic texts from the disciplines of economics and business administration, as the basis for designing a lexical component of the English for Academic Purposes (EAP) reading course and developing teaching materials for students intending to follow their university courses. The course is based on data-driven learning, and it is structured around a task-based approach with a particular emphasis on constructivism, which aims at getting students actively involved in the learning process. The development of the course and its classroom application are described. Students' perceptions of this innovative experience are discussed in relation to the benefits of this approach, both academically and in providing orientation for study in students' respective English-medium department.


On 29 July 2011, the President of the General Court dismissed applications by four cement companies – Cemex, HeidelbergCement, Holcim and Cementos Portland Valderrivas – for interim measures to…


The article is devoted to the investigation of the frozen soils bearing capacity of the lateral surface of ribbed piles. During the investigation we have revealed the problems of piles bearing capacity in the geocryological conditions of Yakutia on the basis of surveys of the technical condition of buildings and structures carried out for a few years from 2011-2018. A new method for calculating the damage to exploited buildings and structures is proposed. The ribbed piles offered by the authors in the course of laboratory studies showed higher bearing capacity compared with smooth lateral surface piles. Dependences of the change in the frozen soils bearing capacity on pitch and angle of the pile ribs are determined. A technique for calculating the frozen soils bearing capacity of the ribbed piles is proposed. The technological and strength properties of soil solutions for filling wells of ribbed boring piles have been studied.


Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Media Tulijoki Tuomas The Process of Combining Animation with Live-action Films Bachelor's thesis 42 pages, appendices 1 2018 ___________________________________________________ The purpose of this thesis was to examine the process of performing the setup for animating digital characters on top of filmed footage. During my internship I saw some issues in the working processes of the company I was working with, specifically how the company handled animating characters on top of filmed footage. In order to research this topic, the methods used by modern visual effects artists were studied, to see how they went about the process of creating visual effects and animation on top of live-action footage. A single test shot was filmed, and set up for animation using the information that was gathered. The methods used were functional, and the entire process of filming, setting up and animating was tested. However, due to the lack of professional tools and experience with the techniques used, the end results were only mediocre at best. In the end, the writer of the thesis could not perfectly animate over the filmed footage in such a way that it could be accepted in a professional environment, even if a general understanding on how the process works was reached.


Accurately estimating arrival times from acoustic time series in the ocean is essential for successful source and array element localization and estimation of the geometry of the sound propagation environment and environmental parameters such as sound speed in the water column and sediments. We have developed a sequential Monte Carlo method that characterizes multipath arrivals as moving targets, tracking them at spatially separated receiving phones. We focus on switching models that are suitable for unknown and varying numbers of arrivals at different phones. We also present approaches that efficiently and effectively extract amplitude information from received time series; such information can be then employed for sediment characterization. Our methods are applied to Haro Strait Primer and Shallow Water 06 data; their performance is evaluated through comparisons to conventional approaches. [Work supported by ONR.]


On June 3, 2008, a group of conservative Eastern European politicians and intellectuals signed the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism in the Czech parliament. The signatories to this Declaration proclaimed that the "millions of victims of Communism and their families are entitled to enjoy justice, sympathy, understanding and recognition for their sufferings in the same way as the victims of Nazism have been morally and politically recognized" and that there should be "an all-European understanding . . . that many crimes committed in the name of Communism should be assessed as crimes against humanity . . . in the same way Nazi crimes were assessed by the Nuremberg Tribunal." The signatories addressed their demands to "all peoples of Europe, all European political institutions including national governments, parliaments, [the] European Parliament, [the] European Commission, [the] Council of Europe and other relevant international bodies." The Prague Declaration contains a list of demands, including compensation for victims. There are also calls for the establishment of a European "day of remembrance of the victims of both Nazi and Communist totalitarian regimes, in the same way Europe remembers the victims of the Holocaust on January 27th." The Prague Declaration further advocates for the creation of a supranational "Institute for European Memory and Conscience" as well as increased support for memorials, museums, and national historical institutes charged with investigating the crimes of communism. Finally, the Prague Declaration demands the "adjustment and overhaul of European history textbooks so that children could learn and be warned about Communism and its crimes in the same way as they have been taught to assess the Nazi crimes." Over the next four years, and against a backdrop of growing social unrest in response to the global financial crisis and Eurozone instability in Spain


Although researches have shown openness to experience is positively related to cross-cultural adaptation, studies in the Chinese context have indicated a negative relationship between managers' openness to experience and their leadership effectiveness. Combined with a large number of failure cases in expatriates practice, it should be noted that it's necessary to examine the relationship between managers' personality traits and management performance as well as its mechanism in a cross-cultural context. According to trait activation theory, only trait-relevant contexts can evoke traits action on the corresponding performance. Yet cross-cultural context accords with all the characteristics inspiring openness to experience. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of expatriate managers' openness to experience on cross-cultural management effectiveness. Besides, based on job performance theory, we revealed that cultural intelligence mediated the above relationship. In the meantime, since contexts could not only stimulate traits acting on performance, but also affect the relationship strength between them, we thus explored the moderation role of contextual features – represented by cultural distance – on the two stages of indirect effects. management effectiveness. In the end, we formed 119 paired data and the valid response rate was 58.6%. The present study mainly adopted hierarchical regression to test hypotheses. The results showed a positive relationship between openness to experience of expatriate managers and their cross-cultural management effectiveness. Moreover, cultural intelligence completely mediated the relationship between openness to experience and cross-cultural management effectiveness. As predicted, cultural distance played an opposite moderated role in the two stages of the indirect effect. Specifically, cultural distance accentuated the positive relationship between openness to experience and cultural intelligence, while it weakened the positive relationship between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural management effectiveness. The main contributions of this study are as follows. First, we reconcile the conflicting research findings between openness to experience and cross-cultural management effectiveness. This study opens the "black box" of their relationship by exploring cultural intelligence as a mediator, exploring cultural characteristics' moderating role by including cultural distance as a dual-stage moderator, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the divergent relationship between openness to experience and performance. Second, the present study identifies the boundary conditions of the impact of openness to experience on cultural intelligence, providing a theoretical basis for training and developing expatriate managers' cultural intelligence. Third, this study explores the edge conditions of cultural intelligence predicting cross-cultural management effectiveness, explaining the inhibition of cultural distance in the above relationships, therefore providing insights for organizations to form a reasonable expectation of expatriate managers' reassignment to other host countries. Finally, we offer the corresponding theoretical foundation of the expatriate manager selection, training and appointment for organization cross-cultural management practices.


A 66-year-old female had ECG similar to type 1-Brugada and VT showing LBBB+LAD. EPS and radiofrequency (RF) ablation were performed with NavX system. A 3D-electroanatomic voltage map on an endocardial RV geometry indicated that low amplitude potentials (less than 0.5 mV) existed in infero-basal and apical walls. Activation mapping during a VT induced by programmed RV stimulation was achieved using an irrigated 4-mm-tip ablation catheter, so that the VT was confirmed a focal pattern originating from within the infero-basal low voltage area. This earliest activation site during the VT had a QS pattern on a unipolar intracardiac electrogram of the catheter and preceded about 10 ms from onset of QRS wave. Initial irrigated catheter ablation was performed here on the condition of a 20-watt power or 40C temperature limit and a flow rate of 13 ml/min, only resulting in transient termination of the VT. However, the shift of the earliest site to mid-inferior area, showing a normal amplitude (more than 1.5 mV), was clarified by further activation mapping. Additionally, perfect pace-mapping was obtained from the site. Although the potential on a unipolar electrogram of this site depicted no QS pattern during the VT, ablation could terminate the VT and render its inducibility impossible. These findings may suggest that endocardial RF ablation could eliminate focal VT originating from epicardial RV.


A topological quantum field theory is Hermitian if it is both oriented and complex-valued, and orientation-reversal agrees with complex-conjugation. A field theory satisfies spin-statistics if it is both spin and super, and $360^\circ$-rotation of the spin structure agrees with the operation of flipping the signs of all fermions. We set up a framework in which these two notions are precisely analogous. In this framework, field theories are defined over $\mathrm{Vect}_{\mathbb R}$, but rather than being defined in terms of a single tangential structure, they are defined in terms of a bundle of tangential structures over $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb R)$. Bundles of tangential structures may be etale-locally equivalent without being equivalent, and Hermitian field theories are nothing but the field theories controlled by the unique nontrivial bundle of tangential structures that is etale-locally equivalent to Orientations. This bundle owes its existence to the fact that $\pi_1^{et}(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb R)) = \pi_1{BO}$. We interpret Deligne's "existence of super fiber functors" theorem as implying that in a categorification of algebraic geometry in which symmetric monoidal categories replace commutative rings, $\pi_2^{et}(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb R)) = \pi_2{BO}$. There are eight bundles etale-locally equivalent to Spins, one of which is distinguished; upon unpacking the meaning of that distinguished tangential structure, one arrives at field theories that are both Hermitian and satisfy spin-statistics. Finally, we formulate a notion of "reflection-positivity" and prove that if an etale-locally-oriented field theory is reflection-positive then it is necessarily Hermitian, and if an etale-locally-spin field theory is reflection-positive then it necessarily both satisfies spin-statistics and is Hermitian. The latter result is a topological version of the famous Spin-Statistics Theorem.


This paper examines the effects on the optimal ordering policy and its cost of allowing for interactions among retail outlets. Specifically, transshipments are allowed as recourse actions occurring after demands are realized but before they must be satisfied. The resultant savings in holding and shortage costs are balanced against the costs of transshipment. A base stock ordering policy is optimal for this model. If the final period base stock order-up-to point is nonnegative, then it will be the base stock order-up-to point for all periods; unfortunately, it can be found analytically only for two special cases, where either the cost parameters are equal at every outlet or there are only two outlets. These two special cases are used to validate a heuristic solution technique employing Monte Carlo integration, which is then compared to an easily calculated base policy in order to gauge the contribution of this model. The additional savings from using this heuristic policy are significant, particularly for problems with many retail outlets and low transshipment costs.


Fabrication and characterization of OFET with bottom-contact structure and channel length of 100 µ m was carried out for detecting CO 2 gas. The OFET fabrication was done by, firstly, blenching the substrate with ethanol in an ultrasonic cleaner. It was, then, followed by the deposition of source and drain electrodes on the substrate by implementing a vacuum evaporation method and lithography technique. The CuPc thin film deposition between source/drain was, then, carried out. The characterization result showed that the active region of V D was (2.80 - 3.42) V and the current I D was (0.00095 - 0.00169) A. The fabricated OFET was tested to detect CO 2 gas. Its response time and recovery time was found to be gas 60 s and 50 s respectively. Keywords: deposition, CuPc, thin film, channel length, lithography


The building of Zhoushan administrative center is a connected twins tall building. By using some different treatments of the connector's support, the author checks the effect on the structure's whole anti-seismic property. Combining the computation of the project and the real treatment, the author puts forward several problems for reference while design the similar connected structures.


This study evaluated a California State University Course Redesign Professional Development program, focusing on the user experience of STEM faculty as they learned about technology and applied their learning to develop technology-enriched instructional strategies that enhanced students' own educational experiences. Data were collected from the first two academic years of the professional development program. A conceptual framework that melded andragogy, Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK), Diffusion of Innovation, and Communities of Practice theories were used to analyze archived professional development training content and faculty-produced electronic portfolios. The findings demonstrate that faculty collaborative processes in the online training and in site-based collaborative efforts were the main aspect of the course redesign program that facilitated technology integration, instructional development, and positive student learning outcomes. Evaluating a Professional Development Program for Course Redesign With Technology: The Faculty End-User Experience


Applications of information fusion include cases that involve a large number of information sources. Methods developed in the context of few information sources may not, and often do not, scale well to cases involving a large number of sources. This paper addresses specifically the problem of information fusion of large number of information sources. Performance of Support Vector Machine (SVM) based approach is investigated in input spaces consisting of thousands of information sources. Microarray pattern recognition, an important bioinformatics task with significant medical diagnostics applications, is considered from the information and sensor data fusion viewpoint, and recognition performance experiments conducted on microarray data are discussed. An approach involving high-dimensional input space partitioning is presented and its efficacy is investigated. The aspects of feature-level and decision-level fusion are discussed as well. The results indicate the feasibility of the SVM based information fusion with large number of information sources.


Research about sea wind load effect on ship loader is completed in this paper. Entity modeling method and solid element is used in the process of finite element modeling. Sea wind is divided into the steady wind and the turbulent wind. The steady wind is disposed as the constant speed wind which can be converted to wind pressure. After the static load solution, modal analysis is conducted which is essential for the following dynamic analysis. Because turbulent wind has random amplitude, direction and frequency, random vibration analysis method is used in the dynamic analysis process. With the results from the three representative positions, it is concluded that the displacement size and dynamic response intensity is in direct proportion to the height of the position.


Aluminium alloy 6063 (A6063) has been identified as a marine grade alloys because of their excellent corrosion resistance in marine environment. A6063 demand special attention and the need for further improvement in its mechanical properties for better performance in service [1]. Incorporating nanoparticles of metal-oxides the mechanical properties are enhanced. Dispersion of nanoparticles in a metal matrix have positive effect on mechanical properties. This work is focused on the potential effect of Ceria (CeO 2 ) particles with nano size and different morphologies on the strengthening of the A6063. The morphological control of Ceria nanoparticles has received much attention for being particularly important. Morphology have an important influence in the chemical and physical properties. Additionally, the addition of Ceria nanoparticles with different morphologies has not been explored in the A6063. Nanoparticles of Ceria with different morphologies (square and round) were obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, square shape was obtained at 160 °C and round shape at 190°C [2]. It was dispersed with different concentration (0.25, 0.5 0.75 y 1.0 wt. %) into A6063 by mechanical milling in high energy Spex mill during 2 h, argon was used as the milling atmosphere and methanol was used as process control agent, consolidated products were obtained by pressing the powder mixtures


INTRODUCTION
The study aimed at evaluating surgical treatment results of retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) in female patients in terms of urological and oncological-gynecological collaboration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective review of 17 women who underwent resection of a retroperitoneal tumor. The surgical results, complications, and both overall and disease-free survivals were evaluated. The assessment of a positive surgical margin and the size of the tumor were the second objective. The Kaplan-Meyer survival analysis was used for statistical evaluation.

RESULTS
The median follow-up was 60 (26 - 128) months. The mean age was 55.4 (35 - 75) years. The mean size of tumors was 14.8 (6 - 45) cm. Local recurrences were recorded in three patients, while distal metastases were reported in one patient. Two patients died of distal metastases. The overall and cancer-specific survival was 87.5% and disease-free survival was 76.5%.

CONCLUSIONS
Complete resection is the only effective treatment of retroperitoneal sarcomas. Presence of positive surgical margin is connected with a high risk of local recurrence regardless of an adjuvant chemo-and radiotherapy. The size of tumor had no impact on the survival or risk of local recurrence in the study group. The uro-gynecological collaboration was evaluated as well-suited in this part of oncological surgery.


Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) was reported first on canola (Brassica napus) in western Canada in 2003. Since then, several clubroot-resistant cultivars have been developed. The timing and expression of resistance to each of the major pathotypes (pathotypes 2, 3, 5, 6, Williams' system) in Canada was examined in four resistant cultivars. Root hair infection occurred at high levels in each resistant cultivar, but developed more slowly than in the susceptible control. Secondary infection and development in cortical cells was inhibited in each resistant cultivar; only a few bi-nucleated plasmodia were observed at 12 days after inoculation (DAI), and plasmodia were rarely observed at 18 and 24 DAI. In contrast, development in the susceptible cultivar had progressed to resting spores by 24 DAI. In addition, a dense ring of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in and around the endodermis of non-inoculated controls and inoculated plants of each of the resistant cultivars. However, the ROS ring disappeared rapidly in infected plants of the susceptible control. No specific points of ROS accumulation or lignification were observed in any of the resistant cultivars; which indicates that a hypersensitive response did not occur. Resistance to clubroot is generally pathotype specific, so the uniform response of the resistant cultivars to several pathotypes is one line of evidence indicating that the resistance in these cultivars is conditioned by a gene(s) from a single source. If so, this may pose a threat to the durability of this resistance for clubroot management on canola in this region.


A lexical approach of the Franciscan Poverty must be placed in perspective with the general vocabulary found in different times and distinct situations over the Christian History. A long-term historical analysis is important to put away all the naive hypothesis upon an alleged mythical Francis, as well as a supposed disruptive Franciscan Order; on the other hand, long-term historical analysis is relevant by bringing light to the uniqueness of the Franciscan ethos and, as consequence, by improving historian's ability of comprehension. Thus, in this occasion, we propose the application of poverty as historical category for a focused analysis on Franciscan phenomenon; we also put forward the methodology of Global History that prescribes a dialectical interface between general and specific temporalities, with the intermediation of the documentary sources.


Oil sand reservoirs and caprock undergo deformations triggered by pore pressure increases and thermal induced stresses during the steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) processes. Geomechanical assessments are mandated by energy regulators to evaluate the caprock integrity and ensure the safe SAGD operations. Commercial reservoir simulation packages started to incorporate geomechanical effects when predicting flow response; however, these geomechanical modules are not able to correctly model the plastic deformations caused by thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) interactions, which has a first order effect on predicting steam chamber propagation and evaluating caprock integrity. An integrated coupled THM modeling methodology is proposed here to improve the modeling of reservoir deformations and caprock integrity in a heterogeneous oil sand reservoir with interbedded shale barriers. The pressure and temperature front are found to propagate at different speed and that dominate the elastic and plastic deformations caused by changes of shear and mean effective stress. Therefore, four stages are divided in the SAGD process that can be interpretations of changes in stress paths including buildup of pore pressure, generation and dissipation of thermal induced stresses. The response surfaces of minimum factor of safety (FOS) are introduced and computed to provide a conservative estimate for caprock integrity during SAGD of a heterogeneous reservoir with multiple layers of caprocks in Athabasca oil sands.


In recent years,potassium-reach brine was discovered in Triassic marine strata with extra high percentage of KCL during petroleum exploration in Sichuan Basin.The brine is a potential potassium resources and the main prospecting target with good potentiality.Based on the thoughts of integrated exploration of petroleum and potassium resources,we take the brine reservoir as a special fluid-bearing sedimentary reservoir and use the mature technologies of petroleum exploration,e.g.seismic reservoir characterization and fluid identification approaches,to interpret comprehensively the geophysical data and predict typical brine-bearing reservoir in Sichuan basin.The seismic response features of potassium-rich brine reservoirs have been primarily understood and the seismic data-based prediction model built.And the approaches have been applied to the practice with good results.


The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (S‐ICD) requires preimplant screening to ensure appropriate sensing and reduce risk of inappropriate shocks. Screening can be performed using either an ICD programmer or a 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. It is unclear whether differences in signal filtering and digital sampling change the screening success rate.


A mathematic model was established to evaluate the uncertainty in measuring zinc in egg product by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy( ICP-MS). The uncertainty sources from different parts were analyzed.The final uncertainty degree was calculated by standard uncertainty and extended uncertainty. As a result,the main sources of uncertainties were the fitted linear regrassion equation for the calibration curve,the repeatability of sample determination and the preparation of standard solutions. The uncertainty from stability of instrument,sample weight and constant volume could be ignored.


Literature theory construction depends on accurate cognition of human's discourse,perception of discourse forms behind the different national literatures,and multi-dimension master of creative discourse conciseness and appreciative discourse recognition.Literature works are special discourse conciseness and condensed form after perfect recognition of individual parole and group langue,i.e.special parole form.The specialty comes from writer's uniqueness and is recognized and understood by readers finally,which is called literature style in literature theory.Therefore,the study of literature styles should focus on discourse context on the definite speech right,e.g.nation discourse and regional discourse etc.the following is mainly based on traditional Chinese discourse context.


Explosive growth in Information Technology has produced the need of accurate ways of transmitting large amount of digital information over really long distances. Faster and efficient ways of encoding and decoding digital data to be transmitted across different kinds of channels have been developed over the years to maximize the utilization of the channel capacity and ensure error-free transmission. Low density parity check codes(LDPC), proposed by Robert Gallager in 1960, have been the subject of intense research and analysis over the past decade after their rediscovery in 1996. Since they possess the potential to perform very close to the Shannon limit, compared to any other code, the hindrances in the implementation of LDPC codes have been widely studied. High-throughput decoding of such codes has often been a challenge due to the large amount of resources required in fully parallel implementations and lower throughputs in serial implementations. Memory efficiency is a known obstacle in achieving high throughput. Many structures on their parity check matrices have been tried out to have efficient decoder designs. In this report, we provide the detailed design of a fully-parallel LDPC decoder based on projective geometries, targetted for hardware emulation on Xilinx


With the continuous increasing of biomedical data, how to effectively use these large-scale data sets has become an urgent problem. It is also an essential issue to make benefit to users by consuming these biomedical data on the Semantic Web in a reasonable way. We present a visualization approach based on a tree-like layered interactive user interface, realize the queries of the relationships between targets, compounds, and diseases, and show the width of the path between the two biological entities according to their correlations. Furthermore, we design an iterative query method, which can find not only direct results of the input entity, but also extended results with some similarities of the input entity. Thus, the potential relationships among the extended results can be further investigated by biomedical scientists. Therefore, we have developed a user-friendly visualization system that can leverage the rich sets of the linked biomedical data.


In memoriam: Colin William Fraser, 1925–2005 123 CHLA / ABSC Annual Conference 2006 celebrates 30 years 124 PubMed news – new NLM Mobile link 124 Search links added to PubMed displays 124 New journal – PLoS Clinical Trials 125 OMNI's "Internet Resources in Healthcare and Medicine" brochure is available for download 125 CHLA / ABSC Annual Conference 2006 – "Pearls of Wisdom" 125 Medical Library Association (MLA) Annual Conference 2006 – "Transformations A-Z" 125 Living the Future 6: WOW – Where Next? 126 Special Libraries Association (SLA) 2006 Annual Meeting – "Where Tradition and Transformation Converge" 126


The purpose of this study are: (1) to determine the educational system, strategies, and various patterns of pesantren development with a multicultural perspective; (2) to determine the education system, strategies, and various patterns of diniyyah development with a multicultural perspective; (3) to compare systems, strategies and patterns of education in pesantren and diniyyah with multicultural insight. In this study using a qualitative approach. The method used is a research library. The data analysis technique used is content analysis. The result of this research is that multicultural education at the pesantren is reflected in the content of the curriculum that teaches students insights on the diversity of beliefs such as teaching special material muq?ranat al-ady?n. Secondary formal diniyyah education consists of formal ulya diniyyah education and ma'had Aly. Strategies and development patterns in Diniyyah that have a multicultural perspective through a curriculum, namely extracurricular and intracurricular subjects and activities.


The acquisition of contracts from the public sector are tied to a fairness rule. This creates a competitive tendering process for contracts. This has created an information gap between the developing public sector and the contractors. The competitive nature of the process has created a situation for contractors where they emphasise their strengths in resource groupings. They calculate construction phases from a speculative angle balancing between effective production components and challenging phases in construction. This creates an individual cost formation between contractors. Due to this fact, the public sector has had difficulty in the past to create up-to-date, realistic cost estimates of large-scale projects. Estimation of cost structure has varied largely, and estimates compared to offers made by contractors are in parts incomparable. To remedy this problem an alliance-project IHKU was created to model a new cost calculation system and modelling services to provide open cost information to the public sector and designers. The new cost calculation model is designed to meet the needs and challenges by providing up-to-date cost information for infrastructure projects. The study views the implementation of the estimation model and its effect by focusing on the open, up-to-date cost model of tunnelling nomenclatures 1500, 1700, 4510. This study will utilize experience and information from developers, contractors, and designers to create an open information model of resource-based calculation formats. The estimation models are created by opening unit priced construction phases into their production components (where applicable) and further into their resource-based stakes or batches. The cost formation is visible by the resource unit prices and their production component multipliers. The results of this master's thesis show that the implementation of resource-based, production component pricing is challenging for tunnelling phases due to their unique worksite specific nature. The results show that without detailed input of data per worksite, the duplication of production component unit prices will be too general for the estimation model to create the needed transparency of costs.


The isolation and cultivation of the tubercle bacillus by R. Kocli gave a great impetus to the efforts to immunize susceptible animals against tuberculosis. The methods of vaccination successfully used in a certain number of bacterial infections were naturally seized upon so as to arrive at the same results in this disease. The discovery of tuberculin by Koch led people to hope that it would be successful in the prevention and cure of tuberculosis. But everyone quickly realized that although it was harmless to tubercle-free animals, it failed to confer the


The Portuguese Diamond is the largest faceted diamond in the National Gem Collection of the National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC; with an emerald cut at 127.01 carats is almost a perfect octagonal gem. Its name was given by the last private owner, Harry Winston, on the basis that once it had belonged to the Portuguese crown jewels. Yet, the mystery follows in that several authors say, with greater emphasis nowadays, that the name "The Portuguese Diamond" came from a mistaken legend. The first goal of this paper is to show that there is strong iconic evidence that the diamond belonged to King José I of Portugal in the eighteenth century and, presumably, with a lesser degree of certainty, to other following sovereigns of the house of Bragança (Braganza). Subsidiary goals are the disambiguation with some other Brazilian precious stones mentioned in news or other sources. One will also look for establishing a plausible documented origin of the Portuguese Diamond, then giving some possible clues on the fate and oblivion of the diamond for about a century, until its resurgence in the USA. Last, it is sketched a framework of its semiotic convolution as an object of desire and an index of power, from the Portuguese royalty into the veil of secrecy, and then to the American capitalist democracy.


Fuzzy synthetic judgement was conducted for 20 geological anomalies delineated by 1∶50 000 soil survey in the middle and upper reaches of the Yuanjiang River, Yunnan Province. The correct evaluation rate is 100% for Rank-A anomalies. Besides, the inspection of some anomalies with relatively high synthetic evaluation values has led to the discovery of ore deposits (occurrences) of different sizes. It is shown that this method provides a relatively reliable technique for the sieving and appraisal of anomalies in the study area.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe an initial seed of anti-climate change management (ACCM) in business practices and theory generation. Design/methodology/approach – An approach of ...


The sensitivities, saturation powers, and response times of Kinetic Inductance Detectors depend on the degree to which the quasiparticle and phonon temperatures differ when readout and signal power are applied. Previously, we proposed a model for saturation in KIDs, and found that hysteretic switching, which is seen experimentally, emerges from the model in a natural way. Here we extend our work, and show through a diagrammatic rep- resentation of operating-point trajectories that output pulse shapes can be calculated for non-hysteretic and hysteretic changes of state driven by readout-frequency, readout-power, and signal-power pulses. The work has several applications: (i) Understanding quasiparticle and phonon relaxation, and their dependence on film and substrate thickness. (ii) Recovering quasiparticle cooling functions from measurements. (iii) Understanding the relationship between optimum readout power and device and material parameters. (iv) Characterising the time-dependent behaviour of photon-counting KIDs, including nonlinearity and pile up.


IGCP Projects 61 and 200. Sea-level changes in the Holecene. Sea-Level indicators: Elevation and age relationships: raised marine deposits and landforms in glaciated areas. Sea-level markers in coastal barrier sands: examples form the North Sea coast. Marine molluscs as indicators of former sea-level stands. Beachrock as sea-level indicator. Ooids as sea-level indicator. Corals and reefs as indicators of paleo-sea levels, with special reference to the Great Barrier Reef. Coralline algae as indicators of sea-level. Vermetid gastropods as sea-level indicators. The diagenetic products of marine carbonates as sea-level indicators. Marine notches. Submerged forests as sea-level indicators. Analysis of botanical macro-remains. Foraminafera as sea-level indicators. Diatoms as indicators of sea-level change. Shell middens as a source for additional information on Holocene shoreline and sea-level reconstruction: examples from the coast of Brazil. Age: Radiocarbon dating. Dendrochronological dating. Altitude: Determination of altitude. Compaction and consolidation.


This manual is a guide to the CASOAR software system which allows a computer to perform the calculations and analyses involved in historical family reconstitution studies. The first part of the manual is concerned with the creation and management of records including programs for formatting data correcting errors and managing and segmenting records. The second part focuses on the analysis programs including general programs and those concerned with specific variables such as nuptiality fertility and the family and mortality. Illustrations based on French data are included.


According to the huge amount of relative materials and author's research results,this paper analyzed the development history and current situation of the university teaching laboratories in China by means of comprehensive comparison.The university teaching laboratories have gone through four periods: the foundation laying period,the stagnant period,the restoring period and the booming period.Each period has its characteristics.


This study was designed to examine connections among father beliefs, perceptions, context, and involvement, and school-aged children's attachment and school outcomes in the U.S. and Taiwan (n = 274 father-child dyads). Fathers completed questionnaires regarding their family demographics, education-related beliefs, perceptions, and involvement, and children's school achievement. Children completed a pictorial measure of attachment and standardized socio-emotional assessments. Father involvement was related to father beliefs and perceptions and to children's attachment-related secure exploration. Children's positive and negative school outcomes were related to father beliefs, perceptions, involvement, and children's attachment. School outcomes were uniquely predicted from nationality, attachment, father-teacher relationship quality, and fathers' beliefs about teachers, motivation for involvement, perceptions of invitations for involvement, efficacy, and school-based involvement, as well as from family income and mother involvement. Results are discussed in the context of "relationship-focused" education.


Classification is an important problem in data mining. Given a database of records, each tagged with a class label, a classifier generates a concise and meaningful description for each class that can be used to classify subsequent records. Since the data is collected from disparate sources in many actual data mining environments, it is common to have data values in different abstraction levels. This article introduces the multiple abstraction level problem in decision tree classification, and proposes a method to deal with it. The proposed method adopts the notion of fuzzy relation for solving the multiple abstraction level problem. The experimental results show that the proposed method reduces classification error rates significantly when multiple abstraction levels of data are involved.


To the Editor.— In their article "Carotid Artery Disease, Carotid Endarterectomy, and Behavior" (Archives1980;37:743-748), Kelly et al imply that carotid endarterectomy has a beneficial effect on "mentation" and "intellectual function." The erroneous conclusions of their report rest on the statistical ruse of a "controlled" study and reflect an apparent misunderstanding of the relationship between cerebrovascular disease and such nonfocal brain disorders as memory loss. Any alleged improvement in intellectual function in a group of already neurologically normal patients must be viewed with skepticism and certainly cannot be ascribed to improved cerebral perfusion after bilateral, or especially unilateral, carotid endarterectomy. It is well known that carotid artery stenosis does not predictably influence cerebral blood flow until the luminal diameter is reduced to 2 mm or less. An unknown number of patients in this study had ulcerated plaques with nonhemodynamic stenosis and no attempt was made to measure regional cerebral blood


This article is a contribution to the project of classifying the torsion growth of elliptic curve upon base-change. In this article we treat the case of elliptic curve defined over the rationals with complex multiplication. For this particular case, we give a description of the possible torsion growth over cubic fields and a completely explicit description of this growth in terms of some invariants attached to a given elliptic curve.


This paper draws on the findings of an on-going research project, funded by the Crafts Council 'Learning through Making' project and the Technology Enhancement Programme, into the competencies and capabilities which young people develop by being involved in making activities. The first phase of this research has established a general model of teachers' beliefs about the value of making. This model has been established by undertaking case study research in a number of schools, selected because of the importance which they place on making. These schools cover all key stages and the participating teachers are drawn from across the curriculum, inclusion being determined by their use of making in the teaching context.

Methodologies employed are described. Teachers' beliefs were sought in three different response modes which provided a measure of triangulation and validation. Key quantitative data is provided which highlights the hierarchical manner in which teachers view competencies and capabilities when they are categorised in to three discrete classes: practical competencies, cognitive abilities and personal attributes.

Finally the paper proposes conclusions about the value of making in the school curriculum and provides possible reasons for the way in which teachers prioritise and focus their teaching on certain competencies and capabilities.


ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between employee voice suppression by workplace authorities (i.e. supervisors) and the formation of employees' attitudes towards political authority. We test whether the effect of experienced voice suppression by supervisors on employees' preference for authoritarian governance is positive, negative or nonlinear. The hypotheses are tested on original data gathered within the Dutch Work and Politics Survey 2017 (N = 7599), which allows for a wide range of demographic and organisational control variables. The results favour a nonlinear effect of suppression on employees' authoritarianism. These results support the notion that political attitudes are dynamic and that the workplace plays a role in shaping them.


Application of innovative solutions like unmanned aerial vehicles makes it possible for easier analysis of traffic parameters in defined areas with significantly less financial costs. Classic tehnologies that are used in traffic analysis in cities usually involve manual counting of traffinc in zones of interest with reference to analysis from different traffic counting mechanisms. There will be comparison of methodological processes and software tools for extraction traffic parameters out of videos obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles as well as verification of estimated traffic parameters from video in relation to manually given data. In this final work topic will be processed through description of concept and application of unamnned aerial vehicles in different areas which requires analysis of laws and regulations related to them. Existing methodology of unamnned aerial vehicle usage for recording traffic in cities is explored. Comparative analysis of software tools and manual method for extracting traffic parameters from unmanned aerial vehicles recordings has been given towards the end oft his final work.


IEEE Design & Test's Ken Wagner interviews Chris Rowen—founder, president, and CEO of Tensilica. Rowen has come to prominence in the past few years as having founded and developed a successful soft-core processor company. Tensilica specializes in efficiently programmable embedded microprocessors with integrated tool chains. In this interview, Rowen discusses the history of MIPS Computer Systems (a RISC processor company that he cofounded, and that was acquired by Silicon Graphics in 1992), his vision in founding Tensilica, and his perspective on the future of reconfigurable processors and multiprocessors.


In the paper a combination of clustering, detection of risk spread curves in the clusters and prediction is presented. The risk curves are identified and analyzed by two different types of neural networks using supervised and unsupervised learning. Such an analysis allows estimation of future effects about issuers with currently increasing risk in the market.


The article describes the unity of culture and pedagogical science, it is proved that the truth, to which science is striving, is a cultural value, and pedagogical regularities have the status of truth.


256 Abstract Background: The principle of emptying the uterus as quickly and safely as possible remains the corner stone of management of incomplete miscarriage. In many countries surgical uterine evacuation is the standard treatment, expectant management has been advocated as an alternative in several observational studies. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of expectant management of incomplete 1st trimester miscarriage. Study design and setting: Prospective observational study carried out at Babylon hospital for maternity and pediatrics between feb.2009-jan. 2010. Materials and methods: The study involved 120 clinically stable patients with incomplete 1st trimester miscarriage (diagnosed by TVU), those patients subjected to conservative examination treatment (no intervention) and follow up for 2 weeks by clinical examination and transvaginal ultrasound. The main outcome measures were complete miscarriage (absence of vaginal bleeding and endometrial thickness 15 mm by TVU), need for emergency curettage, infection and need for blood transfusion. Result: Successful outcome without surgical intervention was seen in of 85% of cases infection reported in 1.6% of cases, emergency curettage needed for 5 % (1.6% for infection and 3.3% for excessive vaginal bleeding), 10% of cases required elective surgical evacuation (4.1% of them refused follow up >1 week and 5.8% to failed to have complete miscarriage after 2 weeks of observation) without reported complications. Conclusion: Expectant management of clinically stable patients with retained product of conception after 1st trimester incomplete miscarriage is safe, effective and well tolerated. لمحلا نم ىلولأا رهشأ ةثلاثلا يف صقانلا ضاهجلاا تلااح جلاع يف يظفحتلا جلاعلا ةيلاعف  ةصلاخلا  ةمدقملا : ضاـهجلإا تلااـح ةجلاعم يف ساسلأا رجحلا تافعاضم لقلأاو عرسلأا قرطلاب هتايوتحم نم محرلا غارفإ ةيلمع دعت متت ام ابلاغو صقانلا تافعاضملا نم ولخت لا يتلاو ةيحارجلا قرطلا ةطساوب . جلاـعلا ةيلاعف نايب ةديدع تاسارد تلواح دقو يحارجلا لخادتلا نع هب ةضاعتسلاا ةيناكمإ و يظفحتلا .  ةساردلا نم فدهلا : لمحلا نم ىلولأا رهشأ ةثلاثلا يف صقانلا ضاهجلإا تلااح يف يظفحتلا جلاعلا ةيلاعف مييقت  Outcome Of Conservative Management Of Incomplete 1st Trimester Miscarriage: Observational Study Asmaa K. Gatea College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Babylon, Iraq.


We experimentally compare a variety of techniques used in the growth of p‐type Be doped AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirrors to reduce the operating voltages of vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs). The AlxGa1−xAs composition, average doping concentration, grading and doping profile at the interfaces, and growth temperature are all important parameters to achieve low voltage mirrors with low optical loss and high thermal conductivity. Specifically we examine band‐gap engineering techniques to flatten the voltage barrier at the DBR mirror layer interfaces. We demonstrate VCSELs with low operating voltages (1.7–3.0 V) and high continuous wave room‐temperature power‐conversion efficiencies and output powers.


The totalal alkaloids and total flavonoids contained in the fruits and leaves of Nitraria tangutorum and N.sibirica from six different habitats was determined by acid dye colorimetry and AlNO3-NaNO2 colorimetric method.The results indicated that there were significant differences in the contents of total alkaloids and total flavonoids in N.tangutorum and N.sibirica among six different habitats.For N.sibirica,total alkaloids and total flavonoids in the fruits and leaves were higher from the habital of Qinghai Province than from other habitats.For N.tangutorum,total alkaloids and total flavonoids were higher in the fruits from the habitat of Qinhai Province,whereas the total flavonoids was higher in the leaves from the habitat of Ningxia and total flavonoids content was higher from the habitat of Inner Mongolia.


Camel is a harsh environment created by natural selection of species,and its genetic resources of high conservation value especially the wild bactrian which is survived in the field.This paper presented a review on research progress of camel's evolutionand biological characteristics.The paper also introduced molecular marker and progress on application of molecular marker to camel.So we hope it can protect the camel genetic resources.


A new method was developed for the separation of the five amino acids(glutamine,arginine,alanine, valine,and phenylalanine) by precolumn derivatization with 9 - fluorine acid methyl ester(FMOC) by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.Under the optimized chromatographic conditions,five amino acids were completely separated.In the range of 0.025 ~ 0.2 mmol/L,the linear calibration for five amino acids was from 0.9920 to 0.9979.