A RP-HPLC method for the determination of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Pyrola calliantha was established.RP-HPLC was carried out on a Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) column.The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (88:12)with the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min.The column remained at 25 ℃ and the detection wave length was at 210 nm.Within the range of 0.922-18.44 μg for ursolic acid and 0.506-10.12 μg for oleanolic acid,both ursolic acid and oleanolic acid had good linearity.The average recovery was 98.5%(RSD=2.13%,n=6)for ursolic acid and 101.3%(RSD=1.69%,n=6)for oleanolic acid.RP-HPLC method is simple and credible.It can be an effective method for the quality control and evaluation of Pyrola calliantha.


We study the performance of SUPCODE---a family of dynamically correcting pulses designed to cancel simultaneously both Overhauser and charge noise for singlet-triplet spin qubits---adapted to silicon devices with electrostatic control. We consider both natural Si and isotope-enriched Si systems, and in each case we investigate the behavior of individual gates under static noise and perform randomized benchmarking to obtain the average gate error under realistic 1/f noise. We find that in most cases SUPCODE pulses offer roughly an order of magnitude reduction in gate error, and especially in the case of isotope-enriched Si, SUPCODE yields gate operations of very high fidelity. We also develop a version of SUPCODE that cancels the charge noise only, "$\delta J$-SUPCODE", which is particularly beneficial for isotope-enriched Si devices where charge noise dominates Overhauser noise, offering a level of error reduction comparable to the original SUPCODE while yielding gate times that are 30% to 50% shorter. Our results show that the SUPCODE noise-compensating pulses provide a fast, simple, and effective approach to error suppression, bringing gate errors well below the quantum error correction threshold in principle.


Nanofluid is the suspension of nanoparticle in a base fluid. In this paper, the heat transfer performances of the nanofluids flow through a circular shaped copper minichannel heat sink are discussed analytically. Al2O3-water, CuO-water, Cu-water and Ag-water nanofluids were used in this analysis to make comparative study of their thermal performances. The hydraulic diameter of the minichannel is 500 μm and total block dimension is 50mm× 50mm× 4mm. The analysis is done at different volume fractions of the nanoparticle ranging from 0.5 vol.% to 4 vol.%. The results showed that the heat transfer performance increases significantly by the increasing of volume fraction of nanoparticle. Ag-water nanofluid shows the highest performance compared to the other nanofluids. So, this nanofluid can be recommended as a coolant flow through a circular minichannel for cooling of electronic heat sink.


BACKGROUND
To explore the impact of the ProFHER trial on initial decision making in the management of proximal humerus fractures at a district general hospital (DGH).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Retrospective review of all proximal humerus fractures at a single DGH during 1 year before ProFHER (2014) and 1 year following publication (2018). Data related to demographics, fracture pattern, and management was collected from electronic patient records and analysed.

RESULTS
52 patients in 2014 and 70 patients in 2018 met the inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in demographics or fracture classification. Fewer patients were admitted from Accident and Emergency in 2018 (44% vs 55%). Of patients admitted, there was no significant difference between the proportion referred to a shoulder surgeon (SS) (27.5% vs 30%). In patients seen initially in fracture clinic by a non-shoulder surgeon (NSS), significantly fewer were referred for a SS opinion in 2018 (6.7%) vs 2014 (50%). Computed tomography was requested in 5/52 cases (9.6%) in 2014 and 8/70 cases (11.4%) in 2018, all cases involved an SS. Significantly more patients (14/52, 27%) were managed surgically in 2014 compared to 2018 (10/70, 14%). All patients were discharged with the exception of 1 patient in each group who required later surgical intervention.

CONCLUSIONS
1. The widely disseminated ProFHER trial is likely to have influenced contemporary clinical practice. 2. This study shows non-shoulder specialists are more likely to manage these patients conservatively and without the involvement of shoulder surgeons post ProFHER. 3. This impact on clinical outcomes requires further research.


[Mr. Branson has made a detailed study of Parke County flour mills which is being printed in the Rockville Tribune beginning with July 8. His account of the various mills which have been built in Parke County from the earliest days is to be a part of an historical and archaeological survey of the county, which it is hoped may be pub lished in the not distant future. Mr. Branson's general account of flour mills, their operation and the part they played in early Indiana history, here printed, applies almost equally well to all parts of the state.]


We have investigated sub-Doppler lineshapes of neon transitions by means of intermodulated optogalvanic technique in a direct current hollow cathode and a radio frequency glow discharge. The intermodulated Doppler-free signal, as usual, is superimposed on a broad Gaussian background due to velocity-changing collisions. The ratio between the collisional and the homogeneous signal has been systematically investigated as a function of gas pressure and discharge current. By detecting neon as a trace in other buffer gases, the lineshapes have been also carefully investigated as a function of the mass of the perturbers (helium and argon). Comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental data leads to quantitative evaluations of collisional parameters.


Research purposes: The design of metro line is an important step and the decided parameters have effected on the engineering cost directly.This paper discusses the auxiliary line,distance between the two lines in curve and grade,sums up the theories and material design,and provides the reference and help for the line design. Research methods:The geometry and algebra equation are used in the course of research combining with design experience in Shenyang Metro. Research results:Through studying the correlative parameters of the metro design,this paper educes computing formula of the effective length,cross-over,distance between the two lines and economical grade,and sets forth the influence of structure delimitation,track style,signal system on the design of line. Research conclusions:The studying of calculational method explains the close relations of metro line, track and signal.The different designs depend on different parameters.We need comparison and choice of different plans,so reasonal line plans will be attained.


Background  Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), particularly carboxymethyl(lysine)‐adducts (CML), exert part of their cellular effects by binding to a receptor, named receptor for AGEs (RAGE). The soluble form of this receptor (sRAGE) has been shown to have an athero‐protective role. We hypothesized the existence of a relationship between the AGE–RAGE axis and the occurrence of symptoms related to carotid atherosclerosis in nondiabetic conditions.


Result: Four hundred fifteen questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 54.6 years. The prevalence of ED was 81.9%. Based on IIEF5 scoring, it was found that 136 (32.8%) patients had mild, 159 (38.3%) had moderate and 45 (10.8%) had severe ED. There was a statistically significant association between ED severity and age (P=0.000), diabetes duration (P=0.002), the presence of CVD (P=0.002), poor metabolic control (P=0.038), and retinopathy (P=0.040). Previous ED diagnosis was present in 51 (12.3%) patients. Conclusion: ED is very common among our patients. However, the majority were undiagnosed. Regular screening and increasing awareness of the treating physicians of ED is needed.


The observed abundance anomalies for iron-group elements in atmospheres of HgMn stars are due to diffusive movements which are driven by radiation-pressure forces and which persist in the stellar envelopes, going down to regions with temperatures of about 106 K. Studies of diffusion in the envelopes are required both in order to understand the observed atmospheric abundances and in order to calculate the changes in opacities that result from changes in abundances.

Let τ be the Rosseland-mean optical depth. It is shown that one can define an upper boundary, ττu, such that one can obtain solutions for the diffusive movements in the region of τ≥τu without any knowledge of what happens in the higher layers of τ<τu. The paper is concerned with a description of the numerical methods that can be used to obtain such solutions. For Cr and Mn we are able to follow the diffusion for times of order 108 yr with τu=1. For Fe we are also able to obtain some estimates of abundances at τ=1 allowing for diffusion processes. For Mn, Cr and Fe we attempt some comparisons of abundances computed for τu=1 with observed atmospheric abundances and obtain results that are not discouraging. For Fe and Ni, larger values of τu are required as the diffusion proceeds (after 108 yr we require τu≃8 for Fe and τu≃70 for Ni).

For the outer regions with τ<τu it will be necessary to obtain solutions allowing for outflows of iron-group elements at the stellar surfaces. In such work it should be possible to match the outer-region solutions to the envelope solutions obtained using the methods described in this paper.

The diffusive movements lead to changes in Rosseland-mean opacities by factors of up to 4. For Fe there is a build-up in concentrations in the region of log(T)≃5.1, where the dominant ionization stages are near Ar-like. This leads to the Z-bump in opacities being shifted from its normal position at log(T)≃5.3 to lower values of log(T) and becoming more sharply peaked. There is also a large build-up in Ni concentrations in the outer parts of the envelopes, leading to opacity enhancements.

In the present work we allow neither for the normal main-sequence evolution of the stars nor for the modifications in that evolution which will result from changes in opacities. Solution for both envelopes and outer regions will eventually be required.


The weld width and weld depth of welding joint under the same welding process parameters in air and water were obtained by experiments. By comparing the difference, it can illustrate that the water will have influence on the welding arc and arc energy. The weld joint with the narrower weld width and the deeper weld depth was obtained by underwater wet welding using the same welding process parameters. Then the weld joint size data in the four kinds of welding process parameters were obtained by simulation, and were compared with the experimental results. The results show that the simulation methods can accurately determine the weld shape.


Reason for Withdrawal

This protocol has been withdrawn due to lack of progress in producing the review To view the published versions of this article, please click the 'Other versions' tab.


Objective:To analyze the chemical compositions of volatile oil in n-hexane extract from flos magnoliae.Methods:Essential oil was extracted by ultrasonic extraction with n-hexane,the chemical components of essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS and elucidated based on the standard mass spectral data.Results:40 kinds of volatile components were separated and identified.Conclusion:This method is stable,reliable and reproducible.It is suitable for quick analysis of volatile oil from Chinese traditional medicine.


The influence of the photovoltaic transducer temperature on the energy performance of a hybrid solar photovoltaic panel using cylindrical cogeneration photovoltaic modules cooled with liquid is investigated in the article. The dependencies of the efficiency and maximum power generated by the photovoltaic panel on the temperature of the photovoltaic transducer and the specific power of solar irradiation are obtained. It was found that with the 5-fold increase in the specific power of solar irradiation, the maximum current, voltage and power generated by the panel increase not proportionally, but by 3 times, 1.3 times and 4 times respectively, however, the efficiency of the panel decreases by 1.2 times. To determine the efficiency of the panel by calculations, the dependency of the temperature coefficient of the cylindrical photovoltaic transducer on its temperature is obtained, which allows to perform calculations with high accuracy.


abstract This thesis considers issues related to the design of a distributed computing system optimized for research in the area of artiicial intelligence applications. We introduce the Associative Processing Environment, a computing model explicitly designed to provide support at the machine level for systems that learn. Issues relating to the implementation of a multicomputer based on this model are discussed with a focus on the development of an eeective processor interconnection network. We describe APES, a software tool for the simulation of message traac in such a system, and present a series of experiments testing the behavior of a parallelized AI application on several topologies. We conclude that the behavior of the application is such that an assumption of uniformly distributed random traac fails to capture essential aspects of the program's communication activity.


To investigate the general characteristics, economic burden, causative drugs and medical errors associated with litigation involving severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCADRs) in China, with the aims of improving rational medication use and reducing the extent of damage from SCADRs.


This document is the result of a first approach to recognizing vowels through using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), applying different strategies to train these systems. The tests perform with data from a same speaker used for training and checking; also from another speaker with different gender for checking. Training data are established minimally. Different strategies are applied and the use of cloning with variation of data is verified. The results provide a comparison of different strategies to improve vowel recognition on a specific speaker who trained the system, and another speaker of different gender who did not participate during the training of the system.


The CALDER project aims at developing cryogenic light detectors with high sensitivity to UV and visible light, to be used for particle tagging in massive bolometers. Indeed the sensitivity of CUORE can be increased by a factor of 3, thanks to the reduction of the $\alpha$-background, obtained by detecting the Cherenkov light (100 eV) emitted by $\beta/\gamma$ events. Currently used light detectors have not the features required to address this task, so we decided to develop a new light detector using Kinetic Inductance Detector as a sensor. This approach is very challenging and requires an intensive R$\&$D to be satisfied. The first results of this activity are shown in the following.


The paper, beginning with the role of institutions of higher learning in cultivating learner autonomy, puts forward the following strategies: updating educational theories, reforming student records administration system, teacher's example set in learn autonomy. Moreover, more emphases should be put on constructing campus internet culture and the importance of ideological education in promoting learner autonomy. Examination system should be reinforced in order to further learns' initiative in learning. This paper also attempts to explore how to create more opportunities to improve learner autonomy by taking advantage of comprehensive facilities in society and educational institutions.


In the context of ethno botanical importance with no phytochemical investigations, Mussaenda roxburghii have been investigated to explore it's phytoconstituents and studies of their antibiofilm activity. Four compounds have been isolated from the aerial parts of this plant and were characterized as 2α,3β,19α,23‐tetrahydroxyurs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid (1), β‐sitosterol glucoside (4), lupeol palmitate (5), and myoinositol (6). All these compounds were tested for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compound 1 exhibited three times more antibiofilm activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 0.74 mm compared to that of streptomycin. Molecular docking studies exhibited a very high binding affinity of 1 with P. aeruginosa quorum sensing proteins and motility associated proteins viz. LasR and PilB, PilY1, PilT, respectively. Compound 1 was also found to be non‐cytotoxic against sheep RBC and murine peritoneal macrophages at selected sub‐MIC doses.


Automatic inspection systems have now totally superseded human inspectors on float glass lines. The latest systems are more efficient than ever before. This article reviews recent developments and looks at where float glass inspection is heading.


A progress report on hardware aimed at preventing or curing the problem was presented at the Washington, D.C., mid-June conference on the Prevention and Control of Oil Spills. Among the wide range of topics were several interesting mechanical oil-spill cleanup techniques. Applying safety and antipollution principles can trim supertanker operating costs by about 15% says the managing director of a new consulting firm. Replacing the air in cargo tanks with an inert gas greatly reduces the danger of onboard explosions and subsequent sea pollution, and reduces an operator's insurance premiums. An aircraft-deliverable system designed to prevent oil from spilling on the seas in the event of a collison, explosion, etc., has been developed by Ocean Science and Engineering, Inc. High pickup rate, the ability to collect oil spread as thin as 0.01 in. or less, efficient oil-water separation, and relative insensitivity to waves and currents are attractive features of rotating disks designed by Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. Other methods include skimming up oil by such means as a free vortex, suction, and magnetism.


Background and Objectives. The current study utilizes Skinner's framework to examine the unique contributions of internal locus of control, self-efficacy, and perceived outcome control over course performance on students' academic experiences. Method. Undergraduate students (N = 225) took part in a longitudinal study and completed two surveys (Time 1: just before their mid-term exams; Time 2: just before their final exam in the same semester). Results. Both locus of control and self-efficacy at Time 1 predicted course-level perceived control over course performance at Time 2. Student-level perceived control over course performance at Time 2 mediated the relationship between self-efficacy at Time 1 and course-level perseverance, course-specific stress, and course enjoyment at Time 2. For global perceived stress and life satisfaction measured at Time 2, both locus of control and self-efficacy at Time 1 had only a direct effect on global perceived stress at Time 2, but only self-efficacy at Time 1 predicted life satisfaction at Time 2. Conclusion. Both locus of control and self-efficacy uniquely contribute to students' academic experiences. Student-level perceived control plays an important mediating role between locus of control and self-efficacy at Time 1, and course-level perseverance, course-specific stress, and course enjoyment at Time 2.


CD36, an innate immunity receptor enriched in microglia, and IL-1β, a cytokine produced by the inflammasome, play a key role in ischemic brain injury by mediating the inflammatory component of the ...


This paper presents some considerations relating to a lecture held by Marketta Kyttä 1 at Milan Polytechnic during the final seminar of the cycle on Open Space(s) Design 2 . The topic is that of participatory GIS (PPGIS and SoftGIS) practices to stimulate "human knowledge" in the urban planning field. In particular, the lecture covered three main topics: (i) a place-based approach to the study of urban experiences and participatory planning, (ii), an argument about whether and how a place-based knowledge can be useful in the urban planning and development fields, and (iii) a focus with few case studies in Helsinki metropolitan area, with an eye to the development and of to reach the further of the shifting and differences between GIS participatory GIS a challenging well as practice, of foundational basis, the scenario lie behind participatory mapping. several decades public participation and participatory urban planning are considered important issues to be taken into account in public decision-making. At the same time, research methods have developed new tools aimed to support and stimulate citizens' participation in planning activity. Within this wide repertoire, the technological development allowed the creation of several participatory GIS practices, able to integrate geo-referenced spatial information together with citizens' knowledge and voices. Participatory GIS tools allow an investigation on residents' insight of their living environment that can be utilized along the planning process. As a tool of place-based experience, participatory GIS are nowadays object of updates. The paper presents the potentialities of SoftGIS, investigating on its further utilization in the welfare field of studies, pointing out – at the same time – some questions about their capacity to affect public decision-making and place-based research approaches.


Efforts to reduce power consumption in telecommunication networks follow in two mutually related directions - design of a more efficient equipment and development of energy-aware network control strategies and protocols. The paper presents a formulation of two-criteria traffic engineering problem, which takes advantage of energy saving capabilities in software routers. The first optimization criterion is the energy consumption, and the second one is the quality of service and service sustainability. Models and traffic engineering strategy were verified in laboratory experiments.


ABSTRACT
NAME OF INSTITUTION: De La Salle University Dasmarinas
ADDRESS: Dasmarinas, Cavite 4115
TITLE: Perceived Effects and Prevention of Campus Sexual Harassment
among Selected Female Students of the College of Liberal Arts in DLSUDasmarinas

AUTHORS: Golda May A. Baldos
 Yadah Mari M. Bautista
FUNDING SOURCES: Parents
RESEARCH COSTS: Php 12,000
DATE STARTED: June 2006 DATE COMPLETED: March 2007
 This study sought to investigate the perception of selected female
students of the College of Liberal Arts regarding Sexual Harassment in
DLSU-Dasmarinas.
 Purposely, the study answered the following questions:
1. What are the perceived effects that the selected female
students of DLSU-D recognize regarding sexual
harassment?
2. What are the perceptions of the female students of DLSU-D
in dealing with an experienced or possible experience of
sexual harassment?
v
3. What ways of prevention do the selected female students of
DLSU-D know regarding sexual harassment?
4. In what areas does Sexual Harassment seem most
prevalent?
5. Is there a need for DLSU-D to establish a strong campaign
against sexual harassment inside the campus?
The descriptive research method was used in this study.
Specifically, the tool that was used by the researchers was the
Focus Group Method. They gathered data by means of facilitating a Focus
Group Discussion.
Each and every individual in the focus group discussions were able
to share and provide information which were based on their own points of
view or perceptions regarding sexual harassment. Some information
shared was identical, while some were in contrast with the others. The
participants were also able to share primary experiences, which are their
personal experiences, and secondary experiences, which are experiences
of friends and family members. They were also able to provide
suggestions for DLSU-D regarding sexual harassment.
vi
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS/CONCLUSIONS
The following findings were drawn from the study.
1. The respondents' perceived effects of sexual harassment are based on
what negative feelings does the victim have. These negative feelings
which the respondents were able to classify are negative feeling towards
self, negative feeling towards others, and negative feeling towards the
incident. They perceived sexual harassment as an influential kind of
unpleasant incident that can affect the whole being of a person.
2. The respondents' perceptions on how to deal with a possible
experience of sexual harassment is classified into two responses namely,
direct responses and indirect responses. Direct responses are the ones
shown when the person is directly dealing with the harasser. Indirect
responses are those responses which the respondents think are being
shown when the harasser is still unknown or when the person is not yet in
direct contact with the harasser.
3. The respondents were able to identify preventions on sexual
harassment both in terms of personal prevention and prevention in school.
Prevention in school are preventive measures which are responsibilities to
be carried out which is given to the school administration, to the faculties
and other members of the working community in the campus, and of
vii
course to the students. The personal prevention on the other hand is a
preventive measure which is individual in nature.
4. They were also able to provide public and private areas where there is
a greater risk of getting sexually harassed. A person should also be
sensitive in his/her interactions with people, may it be someone close to
her or someone new.
5. The respondents also noted that there is a need for DLSU-D to
establish a strong campaign against sexual harassment inside the
campus. This campaign should focus in providing awareness to the
students and it includes the administration's transparency about the
different cases of sexual harassment that exists in this university. They
want DLSU-D to be vocal on its drive against sexual harassment as a way
to show their protection of students.
RECOMMENDATIONS
 The following recommendations are drawn as a result of this study:
1. The School Heads and the Administrators of DLSU-D may listen to the
requests of the students for increasing awareness measures to prevent
sexual harassment inside the campus. That they may provide
transparencies regarding the issue of sexual harassment for the student to
know. That they may also provide awareness through seminars and
viii
guidance and counseling programs that will discuss sexual harassment for
the students. That they may accept the challenge of the La Sallian
students to take part in a freer and liberal La Sallian community that will
provide a more open-minded education by facing controversial issues that
will further enhance the students' awareness and drive for social change.
2. That the Teachers and Professors may be aware of their limitations
and responsibilities, observe proper decorum, distance and
professionalism. That they may also be vigilant to help their students
whenever they see something different in them. That they may also
provide venues for students to express their grievances. That they may
provide, within themselves, proper awareness to their students.
3. That Guidance Counselors may provide the students with awareness
programs and seminars regarding sexual harassment. That they may also
try to be more accommodating by being the ones who will reach out to
students who really needs help.
4. The students may provide awareness for themselves and be vigilant
regarding the issue of sexual harassment. That they may have knowledge
about this issue that they could use to help themselves and other victims,
may it be inside or outside the campus. That they may be of influence to
everyone in providing information that is needed to cause community
awareness. That they may avoid the things that they know will trigger a
possible experience with sexual harassment. That the students may show
ix
real interest in controversial issues like sexual harassment so that DLSUD
institution will listen to their requests for transparencies and change.
That the student may take the courage to disclose negative incidents that
they encounter inside the campus so that proper measures will be carried
out and the guilty person be given appropriate punishment.
5. That Future Researchers may recommend further studies that will
explore sexual harassment in DLSU-D which may include a greater
number of students or even include a population coming from the faculties
and other members of the community. That they may do research if the
School is really providing enough awareness for the students.


The citation delivered on presentation of the Medal of the Joint Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine to Dr Ron Trubuhovich. This Medal is awarded to honour an outstanding clinician and a dedicated leader who has been a champion of the discipline of intensive care medicine as it has developed from its infancy to become a recognised specialty in New Zealand and Australia. (non-author abstract)


Objective:The comparison in treatment of hypoglycemia and hyperlipemia by Zengye Tang prescription with Rehmanniae Radix Processed by different method in diabetes rats was performe.Method:The high fat diet and intraperitoneal injection(ip)streptozotocin(STZ)35 mg·kg-1 was used to establish diabetic model.Three weeks later ig,weight,food intake,the amount of water,hypoglycemic and hyperlipemia were observe.Result:Fresh Rehmanniae Radix,Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Processed of Zengye Tang water extraction,alcohol extract could significantly reduce food intake,the amount of water,oral glucose tolerance and triglyceride(TG),radix Rehmanniae Radix of Zengye Tang water extraction also could significantly reduce total cholesterol(CHO)and increase high density lipoprotein(HDLC),fresh Rehmanniae Radix Radix and Rehmanniae Radix alcohol extract could reduced CHO,and there is no significant differencein HDLC,Rehmanniae Radix preparata water extraction,alcohol extract had no significant difference compared with model group.Conclusion:Fresh Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix could reduce the hyperglycemic and hyperlipemia in diabetes rats,water extraction and alcohol extract have no significant difference.Rehmanniae Radix preparata water extraction,alcohol extract have no apparent effect.Rehmanniae Radix with different processed method have a great influence on the hyperglycemic and hyperlipemia.


The cognitive style of field independence (FI), as well as field dependence (FD), is one of the factors that influence learners' second language acquisition(SLA). In foreign language teaching, teachers should pay special attention to students' differences in styles, and adjust teaching strategies according to their learning characteristics, so as to maximize their potential. This paper starts from literature reviews of cognitive style at home and abroad, and then expands the research design including research subjects, research instruments, research questions, research results and research implications. The importance of paying attention to the students' different cognitive styles in foreign language teaching is emphasized in the part of conclusion.


We have experimentally observed satellites on Lyman-α arising from radiative collisions of excited atomic hydrogen with unexcited neutral hydrogen atoms or protons. The wavelength, relative intensity, and shape of features in the Lyman-α wing emitted by a laser-produced plasma in pure hydrogen agree with new theoretical calculations based on ab initio H2+ and H2 potentials. These results confirm the identification of satellites observed with IUE and HST in the ultraviolet spectra of hydrogen-rich white dwarfs, and verify the accuracy of the spectral line shape theory used to determine their effective temperatures and surface gravities.


Lipids are biological molecules that play vital roles in all living organisms. They perform many cellular functions, such as 1) forming cellular and subcellular membranes, 2) storing and using energy, and 3) serving as chemical messengers during intra- and inter-cellular signal transduction. The large-scale study of the pathways and networks of cellular lipids in biological systems is called "lipidomics" and is one of the fastest-growing omics technologies of the last two decades. With state-of-the-art mass spectrometry instrumentation and sophisticated data handling, clinical studies show how human lipid composition changes in health and disease, thereby making it a valuable medium to collect for clinical applications, such as disease diagnostics, therapeutic decision-making, and drug development. This review gives a comprehensive overview of current workflows used in clinical research, from sample collection and preparation to data and clinical interpretations. This is followed by an appraisal of applications in 2022 and a perspective on the exciting future of clinical lipidomics.


As a part of tourism destination's management,visitor management was an important way to improve the quality of tourist experience,to cultivate loyal tourists and create high-quality tourist destination.But visitor management was currently partial to eco-tourism and heritage tourism.City was the world's largest tourist destination.Therefore,we should strengthen theoretical and practical study on the city tourism visitor management to improve the city tourism management level.This article made a preliminary system theoretical study on the concept,characters and contents of city tourism visitor management,which offered a few ordinary introductory remarks so that others may offer their valuable ideas to affect.


Purpose: Thyroid lobectomy is one of the common operative procedures in patients with benign thyroid nodules. The procedure is relatively feasible, but some patients who receive lobectomies have the complications, such as nerve injury, hypocalcemia, and hypothyroidism. We examined the frequency of hypothyroidism and predictable factor following thyroid lobectomy due to benign thyroid nodules. Methods: Retrospective analysis was carried out on 212 patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy to benign nodules from January 2005 to May 2010. The risk factors, including sex, age at diagnosis, thyroid function test results, existence of thyroiditis, thyroid volume, and results of the preand post-operation thyroid ultrasounds, were analyzed between euthyroidism and hypothyroidism groups. Results: The rate of hypothyroidism was 17%. In the univariate analysis, age, multiplicity of nodules, thyroiditis, preoperative levels of Tg and TSH, and thyroid volume were significantly predictable factors of hypothyroidism. In the multivariate analysis, the significant factors associated with hypothyroidism were being over 40 years old, having a preoperative TSH of more than 2 mlU/L, and having a small thyroid volume. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism following lobectomy is not disasterous complication. We should discuss the possibility of postoperative hypothyroidism carefully with patients before operation, especially when we plan to perform lobectomy on the patients who are over 40, have high TSH levels before surgery, or have a small thyroid volume. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2011;11:248-251)


A sound source can generally be characterized by three physical properties: timber (spectral and temporal response), loudness and directivity. Although loudspeakers give a faithful reproduction of timber and loudness, their own directivity can conflict with the directivity of the source they aim at reproducing. In the first section of this paper, we describe a general method for reproducing different sorts of directivity patterns using a multi-loudspeaker source. In the second section we apply this method to a particular source with twelve loudspeakers grouped into few subsets for fitting the first zonal harmonics (spherical harmonics with axial symetry). Theoretical results are presented and compared with experimental measurements. These results show a good agreement between the prediction and the experiment below 500 Hz. But it appears, above this frequency, that our source don't correspond with the directivity patterns. In the third section we discuss the limitation of our work and show how our results could be improved by modifying the source geometry and increasing the number of loudspeakers independently driven.


Introduction: The main symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) include swelling of the affected joints, sensitivity, painful movement restriction, and walking disorders. A wealth of findings and research is available on the benefits of various physiotherapy interventions. Instead, there are a small number of studies that examine the benefits of more alternative forms of physiotherapy such as hydrotherapy and more specifically the Halliwick therapy. In the hydrotherapy studies so far, the results are equivalent to classical physiotherapy and sometimes better. Aim: This study attempts to record and highlight the effect of the Halliwick hydrotherapy in children with JIA in a 2-month intervention program. In particular, it focuses on (1) balance and (2) plantar pressure distribution before and after the intervention. Methodology: The methodology we used to collect our data was quantitative research, and the research tools used were the Berg balance scale and a modular platform system to measure plantar pressure. The sample consisted of 16 children with JIA who took measurements before and after the intervention. The duration of this intervention was 2 months. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS v21 statistical program. Results: Some remarkable results were obtained: (1) all subjects had no significant change in the already good balance; and (2) all subjects had a significant improvement in the uniform distribution of plantar pressure following the Halliwick treatment sessions. Conclusions: The philosophy of the Halliwick hydrotherapy is a more alternative form of physical therapy that has been shown to contribute to improving the distribution of weight and plantar pressure in children suffering from JIA.


This article reviews the way the classical texts presenting Epicurus's doctrine were received and edited in the 18th Century, in a philosophical context that was apparently favourable to a revival of materialistic doctrines. The complexity of the corpus, in which Epicureanism is seen through doxography (Diogenes Laertius, Cicero or Plutarch) at least as much as in truly Epicurean texts (such as Lucretius), meant that the 18th Century rediscovered this philosophy by means of editions established in earlier centuries (Lambin, Gassendi) which already had a long complex tradition of learned commentary. The history of the text itself, from the purely philological point of view, made little progress in this period, but the effort of translation and popularisation widened its public and at the same time clarified this rather confused mass of classical accounts by bringing out its main characteristics, using Cicero in particular.


In his column, AWWA Executive Director Jack Hoffbuhr describes how change, or innovation, is rapidly becoming the normal mode of operation for most organizations. He describes the innovative organization as having characteristics that include communicating the vision of an innovative culture, developing people, championing cross‐functional teams, and always finding solutions rather than fixing blame.


In the field of pharmaceutical research, injectable treatment therapy is currently one of the most highly examined methods of drug delivery. The continuation of this research is highly dependent on knowledge of fluid properties, specifically loss and storage modulus. Most drugs in the developmental stages of this method are extremely expensive and limited in quantity. Currently, devices that measure fluid properties require samples sizes larger than 150 μL. A device that would minimize the sample volume would be quite valuable to pharmaceutical companies. We have designed a device that will be able to quickly and accurately measure the loss and storage modulus of sample volumes of less than 20 μL. Three designs were considered throughout the planning of this project. One utilized polarized lenses with an alternating current to calculate the relative "brightness" of light through a sample liquid. A second method employed tuning forks vibrations as they propagate through a sample liquid to calculate waveform impedance. We have concluded that the optimal design for this project is one which calculates impedance of shear waves based on a loaded piezoelectric crystal.


1. White DB, Lo B. Mitigating inequities and saving lives with ICU triage during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021;203:287–295. 2. Coates T. The case for reparations. Atlantic 2014 June:313–327. 3. Pennsylvania Department of Health; Hospital Healthsystem Association of Pennsylvania. Interim Pennsylvania crisis standards of care for pandemic guidelines: April 10, 2020. Version 2. Harrisburg, PA:Pennsylvania Department of Health; 2020 [accessed 2021 May 11]. Available from: https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/Documents/Diseases%20and%20 Conditions/COVID-19%20Interim%20Crisis%20Standards%20of%20 Care.pdf. 4. Persad G. Evaluating the legality of age-based criteria in health care: from nondiscrimination and discretion to distributive justice. Boston Coll Law Rev 2019;60:889–949. 5. FarrellTW,FerranteLE,BrownT,FrancisL,WideraE,RhodesR,etal.AGSposition statement: resource allocation strategies and age-related considerations in the COVID-19 era and beyond. JAmGeriatr Soc 2020;68:1136–1142. 6. Bixler D, Miller AD, Mattison CP, Taylor B, Komatsu K, Peterson Pompa X, et al.; Pediatric Mortality Investigation Team. SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths among persons aged,21 years: United States, February 12-July 31, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:1324–1329. 7. Pennsylvania Department of Health. Ethical allocation framework for emerging treatments of COVID-19. Harrisburg, PA:Pennsylvania Department of Health; 2021 [accessed 2021 Mar 21]. Available from: https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/disease/coronavirus/Pages/Guidance/ Ethical-Allocation-Framework.aspx.


Insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is known as a powerful technique for separation and manipulation of bioparticles. In recent years, iDEP designs using arrays of insulating posts have shown promising results towards reaching high-efficient bioparticles manipulation. However, there is still an essential need for providing comprehensive design guidelines and further optimizing such devices. In this research, we utilized numerical simulation to study, in detail, insulating posts iDEP technique with the specific application of bioparticles separation. To achieve this, we first developed a robust numerical model to predict the electric and fluid flow fields' distribution, and how bioparticles are being manipulated inside the system. This enabled us to study the fundamental principles of such an iDEP method. In the next step, different design aspects of insulating posts iDEP were investigated. Specifically, we focused on the effect of posts geometry and configuration on the systems' key operation criteria such as the effectiveness of the electric field non-uniformity, the flow velocity distribution and shear stress rates. Furthermore, we studied how different electrodes' setup may affect the electric field distribution and consequently the device performance. Finally, the developed numerical tool was used to demonstrate separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from white blood cells (WBCs). For this purpose, MDA-231 breast cancer cells and Granulocytes were chosen as an indicator of CTCs ad WBCs. Our developed numerical model and presented results lay the groundwork for design and fabrication of high-efficient insulating posts iDEP microchips.


Virtual Machines (VM) offer data-center and cloud owners the option to lease computational resources such as CPU cycles, Memory, Disk space and Network bandwidth to end-users. Optimal usage of the resources of the Physical Machines (PM) that make up the cloud is an important consideration as a lot of major enterprises and institutions are opting for servers in the cloud. At any given time, the PMs should not be overloaded to meet SLO requirements and at the same time a minimum number of PMs should be running to conserve energy. The resource loads on individual VMs in the data center are not arbitrary. Finding patterns in the loads can help the data center owners arrange the VMs on the PMs such that both of the above requirements are met. In this paper we present a fast, low overhead, framework that intelligently predicts the behavior of the cluster based on its history and then accordingly re-distributes VMs in the cluster to free up PMs. These PMs are then re-purposed to accommodate more VMs or turned off to save energy. We analyze real world loads and show that they follow a Chaotic time series. At the core of our framework are concepts of Chaos Theory with optimizations that make our framework indifferent to the type of loads and inherent cycles in them. We set up this framework on our testbed cluster and analyze its performance. Extensive experimental results for a variety of real world loads, indicate our framework's efficacy compared to other methods reported to date.


Data formats used in automated cartographic processing include both those for linear data (strings of X,Y coordinates) and those for raster data (information in arrays of predefined cells). Hardware and handling techniques differ for each and mixed mode experimentation is being conducted in an effort to combine the advantages of each. Handling of terrain data is a particular challenge due to large amounts of data; developments in software and hardware, with particular attention to formats, are improving the performance of automation in this area.


By solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation within the Hartree-Fock formalism, we study the optical spectra, optical gap, quasi-particle gap, exciton binding energy, and wave function of a closed-shell graphene system. With the excitonic effects fully taken into account, we find that all peaks of optical spectrum are blueshifted to higher photon energy with either the enhancement of the long-range Coulomb interactions or the suppression of the short-range Coulomb interactions but are redshifted to lower photon energy due to the increased size and decreased confinement. Remarkably, the region of a much higher relative probability for an electron resides mainly around the geometrical center of the structure, whereas the hole strongly localizes in the peripheral region of the geometric center. Our results are found to agree well with both recent experimental and theoretical works.


Ground penetrating radars (GPRs) carried by mobile platforms, such as vehicles and drones, have been applied in various applications, for instance, subsurface utility detection, structural health inspection, and autonomous driving. However, existing GPR systems are not able to operate autonomously and adaptively due to several challenges, including the lack of intelligence, uncertain and dynamic nature of sensing environments, and huge state and action spaces. To overcome these challenges, in this article, we propose an autonomous cognitive GPR (AC-GPR) enabled by a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach. Specifically, the operation of the proposed AC-GPR is first formulated as a sequential decision process. A novel reward function is developed for the DRL model by defining and combining two different types of entropy-based rewards resulting from object detection and recognition, respectively. A deep $Q$ -learning network (DQN) is developed to address the extreme curse of dimensionality in the state space and learn a policy directing the actions of the AC-GPR. The AC-GPR is evaluated using software called GprMax by combining DRL with GPR modeling and simulation. Results show that our proposed DRL-based AC-GPR outperforms other GPR systems using different approaches in terms of detection accuracy and operating time.


The present study extends previous research efforts and examines relationships between commonly discussed strategic acquisition factors and long-term financial performance measures of acquiring firnms. The factors of interest include relative size, previous acquisition experience, organizational age, industry commoniality, contested versus uncontested acquisitions, and percenltage of stock acquired. The financial performance measures include both accouniting and capital market data for the 4-year period precedinig acquisition activity and the 4-year period following such activity. The study presents bivariate and multivariate analyses for 42 industrial manufacturing firms that engaged in the tender offer form of acquisition. The fin(dings indicate that, on the average, post-acquisition financial performance improved significantly for organizations that had previous acquisition experience, acquired a higher percentage of a target, or were older. Post-acquiisition performance decreased significantly for acquiring firms when target firtns contested an acquisition.


: The proposed approach based on compositional data analysis was applied on simultaneous measurements of the mineral element concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 from a typical suburban site with and without a Saharan event. The suburban site is located in the city of Rome. The selected mineral elements were Al, Si, Ca, Fe, Ti, Mg, and Sr. The data relating to these elements are reported in a previous study. The considered elements are mainly related to mineral matter. The proposed approach allows statistically validating that the mineral element concentrations of PM during days with a Saharan event differ from those without a Saharan event in terms of mineral element composition and size distribution. In particular, the results showed that the compositional data analysis applied to simultaneous measurements of mineral element concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 is a helpful technique that can be used to study environmental sites affected by natural sources such as Saharan events. Moreover, the presented technique can be handy in all those conditions where it is important to discriminate whether the occurrence of an exceedance or a violation of the daily limit value established for PM could also be due to natural sources.


The present invention features a method of assaying the interaction of the probe and the unknown target, the method comprising, a) a sample was excited at an irradiation, wherein the sample comprises at least one unknown target, at least one of the probes, and at least one comprises a fluorescent tag, b) the fluorescence from the sub-volume of the sample is measured, and c) analyzing the fluctuation of fluorescence.


The accuracy of an inertial navigation system is often expressed as a position uncertainty after a given period of navigation, or on reaching a given destination. Alternatively, it is expressed in terms of the rate at which the navigation error builds up with time, in nautical miles per hour for instance. The actual form of expression used for this overall accuracy figure depends upon the application. For navigation in the vicinity of the Earth, it is usually the errors in two dimensions which are of most interest, the along-track and cross-track position errors over the surface of the Earth. These errors are often combined to yield a single number which expresses navigation accuracy after a given navigation time, the circular error probable (CEP) or circular probable error (CPE) as it is sometimes called.


Abstract : Substantial evidence exists supporting direct roles for ErbB-2/neu and src tyrosine kinase activation in breast cancer. CHK is a kinase that phosphorylates and negatively regulates Src kinase activity. Our studies reveal that CHK expression was observed in 70 out of 80 primary breast cancer specimens, but not in normal breast tissues (0/19). CHK participates in signaling in breast cancer cells by associating, via its SH2 domain, with ErbB-2 following heregulin stimulation. CHK-SH2 binds to Tyrl248 of human ErbB-2. Interestingly, autophosphorylation at this site confers oncogenicity to this receptor. Moreover, CHK was able to downregulate ErbB-2-activated Src kinases, and overexpression of CHK in MCF-7 breast cancer cells markedly inhibited cell growth and proliferative response to heregulin as well as decreased colony formation in soft agar. CHK also inhibits tumor growth of MCF- 7 cells implanted in nude mice. These results strongly suggest that CHK is a potential novel negative growth regulator in human breast cancer. New information gained from these studies on the role of CHK as a putative tumor suppressor gene may provide a basis for utilizing this novel tyrosine kinase to oppose the malignant process of breast cancer.


Periodic noises damage the visual quality of images by imposing repetitive patterns on them. In the Fourier amplitude spectrum, they appear as spike-like components. In this research work, we introduce a new method that is based on fuzzy systems for de-noising periodic noise. The position of a frequency coefficient in the origin shifted Fourier transformed image and the current coefficient's amplitude to a local median ratio are used as inputs of the fuzzy system. The fuzzy system detects the approximate position of the peaks in the spectrum amplitude by these inputs. The output of the fuzzy system will be a restoration mask. It is easy to be used for noise removal. Another advantage of the approach is keeping the low-frequency region of the ordinary image and preventing any change to the DC information of the image as noise. We implemented the proposed method and evaluated its performance against some images corrupted with periodic noise. The experimental results show an acceptable level of performance. Overall, this research implies that the procedure conducted by experts in the notch filter can be automated by using a fuzzy system.


The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H18N4O2·0.25H2O, contains two organic molecules and a solvent water molecule with 50% occupancy. The two molecules differ in their conformations: in one molecule it is (+)gauche-trans-trans-(+)gauche-trans, whereas in the other it is (−)gauche-trans-trans-(−)gauche-trans. The dihedral angles between the pyridine ring and the quinoline ring system are 67.4 (3) and 68.0 (2)°. Molecules are linked into a supramolecular two-dimensional array via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, with each partially occupied water molecule connected via an O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. C—H⋯O interactions are also present.


The concept of using visible light communication (VLC) for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is attractive due to the advantages of re-purposing existing lighting (brake, tail, and headlights) for optical transmissions and light sensing elements for optical reception. We design a VLC RaceCar setup that equips a suite of sensors along with programmable driving control. We posit that such a setup can be beneficial for conducting controlled vehicular VLC experiments and a primarily teaching toolkit for hands-on learning of VLC and autonomous driving topics.


At the time we are writing this editorial in the late summer of 2021, there is a consensus in the field of science education in terms of its vision of science education. Since the release of A Framework for K-12 Science Education (National Research Council [NRC], 2012; shortened to the Framework hereafter) and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS; Next Generation Science Standards Lead States [NGSS], 2013a), the field of science education has developed a consensus among research (e.g., the Framework based on a series of NRC consensus reports), policy (NGSS based on the Framework), and practice (implementation). Evidence of this consensus can be seen as 20 states and DC adopted the NGSS and an additional 24 states developed their standards based on the Framework (https://ngss.nsta.org/About.aspx). This national movement across states represents a departure from more independent state-level efforts around standards documents prior to the Framework and the NGSS. The challenge involves implementation of the vision of science education. Based on the consensus around the Framework and the NGSS, teachers need resources (e.g., curriculum, professional development) to support implementation. The science education community has been undertaking the development of high-quality instructional materials to support classroom instruction, while guidelines for developing NGSS-designed instructional materials only recently emerged (Achieve Inc, 2016a, 2016b; Biological Sciences Curriculum Study, 2019; Carnegie Corporation of New York, 2017; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine [NASEM], 2018; see also OpenSciEd: https://www.openscied.org/). The need for high-quality instructional materials is even more urgent given the growing recognition that instructional materials must attend to student diversity and equity while also supporting teacher professional learning. Because the vision of science education articulated in the Framework and the NGSS is rigorous and informed by a wide range of stakeholders (e.g., scientists, science educators, policymakers), the science education community needs to examine how research-based instructional materials can be enacted in the classroom and how teacher professional learning can be promoted so that all students benefit from classroom instruction. This special issue addresses research-based instructional materials designed for the Framework and the NGSS with a focus on student diversity and equity and teacher professional learning. As a result of learning beside and with the authors and peer reviewers


A method for generating a 3-dimensional body model of a user based on depth information according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of storing a plurality of standard body data, and generating a 3-dimensional body model of the user by means of the height and waist measurements of the user with reference to the plurality of standard body data, thus generating the 3-dimensional body model more quickly and accurately than the conventional technology.


Base on linear electrostatic ion hybrid high resolution mass(LTQ-Orbitrap) and gas chromatographic hyphenated planar-linear ion trap,the method,was developed for the analysis and identification of organic phosphate pesticide-isofenphos methyl in biological samples.[Methods] Samples were extracted by dichloromethane: chloroform(1∶1,by vol),and detected by LC-MS and GC-MS.[Results] In this paper,m/z 332.10 + was considered as the quasimolecular ion of isofenphos methyl in the blood,stomach tissue and liver by the first full scan mode of LTQ-Orbital.Base on quasimolecular ion and its characteristic fragment ion,the split mode of isofenphos methyl in the positive ESI-MS was discussed.By the comparison with the EI-MS spectrogram,the similarity of split pathway under the two different ionization conditions was analyzed and it would contribute to the identification of isofenphos methyl.[Conclusions] This method could be used for the analysis and identification of the organic phosphate-isofenphos methyl in the actual case.


The pressure coefficient of the Curie temperature of ferromagnetic superconductors is studied numerically. In our previous study the pressure coefficient of the Curie temperature and that of the superconducting transition temperature were shown based on the Hamiltonian derived by Linder et al. within the mean field approximation about the electron-electron interaction analytically. There have been no numerical results of the pressure coefficient of the Curie temperature derived from the microscopic model. In this study the numerical results are reported. These results are qualitatively consistent with the experimental data in UGe2.


We commend the generosity of Bill Gates for his plan to reduce human diseases, especially in developing countries ("Bill Gates plans a hit list, with NIH's help," M. Enserink, 31 Jan., p. [641][1]). Tuberculosis, malaria, AIDS, and other diseases are increasing worldwide ([1][2]). One of the factors contributing to these increases is a rise in malnutrition, which is making people more susceptible to a wide array of diseases. According to the World Health Organization, more than 3 billion people worldwide are malnourished (including calorie, protein, vitamins, iron, and iodine deficiencies) ([2][3]). People are dying from any one or combinations of nutrient deficiencies, but of equal concern is their increased susceptibility to infections.

Unfortunately, to successfully tackle the problem of human diseases, we cannot deal only with one aspect of the problem. World population is increasing rapidly and is projected to double to 12 billion in about 50 years ([3][4]). Food production per capita, based on cereal grains, which are estimated to provide about 80% of the world's food, has been declining for nearly two decades ([4][5]). More than 99% of the world's food comes from agriculture.

Growing water shortages are plaguing agricultural production. Agriculture consumes more than 70% of the world's fresh water ([5][6]). In some areas, water is so polluted that it is unsafe for agricultural production and human use. Reports indicate that 90% of human infections with diseases in developing countries are attributed to polluted water ([6][7]).

Thus, we encourage a holistic approach to reducing the disease burden in developing countries. Such an effort would include reducing population growth, increasing the food nutrient supply, providing clean sources of fresh water, and researching prevention and treatment of the various diseases plaguing humans. Placing emphasis only on measures to decrease death rates, without at the same time dealing with the factors that affect birth rates, would greatly exacerbate the world's population problem ([7][8]). In addition, improving economic development, increasing education and political stability, and increasing support of research are needed to help reduce the human burden of diseases and malnutrition.

1. [↵][9]1. D. Pimentel
 1. Y. Kim
 , in Biological Invasions: Economic and Environmental Costs of Alien Plant, Animal, and Microbe Species, D. Pimentel, Ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2002), pp. 331-354.

2. [↵][10]1. WHO
 , Micronutrient Malnourishment: Half the World's Population Affected (No. 78 (World Health Organization, Geneva, 1996), pp. 1-4.

3. [↵][11] (2002)Population Reference Bureau, Washington, DC.

4. [↵][12]Vital Signs: The Trends that are Shaping Our Future (Norton, New York, 2001).

5. [↵][13]Vital Water Graphics, Water Use and Management (United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris, 2002)(see [www.unep.org/VitalWater/15.htm][14]).

6. [↵][15]Effects of the Current and Future Population on Food Supply (Alternative Energy Institute, )(see [www.altenergy.org/2/population/effects/effects.html][16]).

7. [↵][17]See [www.bized.ac.uk/virtual/dc/copper/theory/th10.htm][18].

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.299.5607.641b
 [2]: #ref-1
 [3]: #ref-2
 [4]: #ref-3
 [5]: #ref-4
 [6]: #ref-5
 [7]: #ref-6
 [8]: #ref-7
 [9]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text"
 [10]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2 in text"
 [11]: #xref-ref-3-1 "View reference 3 in text"
 [12]: #xref-ref-4-1 "View reference 4 in text"
 [13]: #xref-ref-5-1 "View reference 5 in text"
 [14]: http://www.unep.org/VitalWater/15.htm
 [15]: #xref-ref-6-1 "View reference 6 in text"
 [16]: http://www.altenergy.org/2/population/effects/effects.html
 [17]: #xref-ref-7-1 "View reference 7 in text"
 [18]: http://www.bized.ac.uk/virtual/dc/copper/theory/th10.htm


Volume tracking method, also referred to as the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method introduces "numerical surface tension" that breaks a filament into a series of droplets whenever the filament is under-resolved. Adaptive mesh refinement can help avoid under-resolution, but a fully-developed flow will still generate filaments that cannot be resolved without enormous computational cost. We propose a complementary new approach that consists of transitioning to a continuous interface representation (i.e. without interface reconstruction) in regions of under-resolved interfacial curvature where volume tracking has become erroneous. The price of the continuous interface treatment is a small amount of numerical mass diffusion, even if the physical interface is immiscible. However, we have found that for certain measures, the overall accuracy is greatly improved by using our transitioning algorithm. The algorithm is developed in the context of the single fluid formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Numerical standard vortices advection test cases and Rayleigh-Taylor instability computations are presented to illustrate the transition algorithm potential.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


On 21 April 1995, the dry-cargo ship Ocean Vanguard docked at the Ensted Power Station at the head of Abenra Fjord in the southwestern corner of Jutland (see figure 1). The arrival of a collier in a coal port was hardly unusual, but the Ocean Vanguard was special: the Panarnaregistered vessel carried 188,000 tonnes of Australian coal, the largest such cargo ever unloaded from a single ship in Scandinavia. 1 Coincidentally, the freight discharged corresponded almost exactly to the volume of goods that entered the harbour in 1960. In the interim, apart from supplying the power station, the port had become a distribution centre for a number of other facilities. It now handles an annual traffic of seven million tonnes, making it the second busiest port in Denmark. As significant as the development of such a large, specialised entity may be, it represents only one of many changes in commercial ports since Denmark joined the European Free Trade Association in 1960. Along with increasing specialisation, the centre of Danish trading activity has gradually migrated toward the western part of the nation. Trade has also become more specialised over time, and ports have had to cope with rapid technological change and increased competition from other modes of transport. The aim of this essay is to present an historical


PURPOSE: To remarkably decrease amt. of a second material by a method wherein amt. of two materials injected, especially the amt. of the second material is adjusted and then, a mold cavity for injection molding of a preform is filled by a third injection molding. CONSTITUTION: A first material A being selected in advance and with a method amt. is firstly injected into the bottom part of a cavity 12 through a nozzle 18. Then the second material B being selected in advance and with a metered amt. is injected into the cavity 12 while the material A is pushed into the cavity 12 and the material A sticks on the wall of the cavity while it passes through the cavity and the material B enters a separated layer of the material A. Complete filling of the mold cavity 12 is achieved by a third separated injection molding of a mold filling plastic material of a material C. The material C is approximately completely positioned in a bottom forming part 42. A material finally injection-molded not only fills an opening 20 of a screw but also fills the final injection passage of the nozzle 18.


One investigate the communication network with DQDB protocol. The mathematical model of such network is proposed as discrete queuing system with N input flows. For its investigation one make the decomposition of the mathematical model of communication network under consideration.


AI-19. CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR7 IS A FUNCTIONAL RECEPTOR FOR CXCL12 IN BRAIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS Yang Liu, Eleanor Carson-Walter, and Kevin Walter; University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA The chemokine CXCL12 regulates multiple cell functions through its receptor, CXCR4. However, recent studies have shown that CXCL12 also binds a second receptor, CXCR7, to potentiate signal transduction and cell activity. In contrast to CXCL12/CXCR4, few studies have focused on the role of CXCR7 in vascular biology and its role in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) remains unclear. In this report, we used complementary methods, including immunocytofluorescence, Western blot, and flow cytometry analyses, to demonstrate that CXCR7 was expressed on HBMECs. We then employed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology to knockdown CXCR7 in HBMECs. Knockdown of CXCR7 in HBMECs attenuated phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathway in response to CXCL12, and resulted in significantly reduced HBMEC proliferation, tube formation, and migration, as well as adhesion to matrigel and tumor cells. Blocking CXCR7 with a specific antibody or small molecule antagonist similarly disrupted HBMEC binding to matrigel or tumor cells. We found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, induced CXCR7 in a time and dose-response manner and that this increase preceded an increase in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Knockdown of CXCR7 resulted in suppression of VCAM-1, suggesting that the reduced binding of CXCR7-knockdown HBMECs may result from suppression of VCAM-1. Collectively, CXCR7 acted as a functional receptor for CXCL12 in brain endothelial cells.Targeting CXCR7 in tumorvasculaturemayprovide novel opportunities for improving brain tumor therapy. Neuro-Oncology 16:v1–v7, 2014. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nou238.19 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology 2014. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/neuro-oncology/article-abstract/16/suppl_5/v5/1052904 by guest on 30 July 2018


The fundamental study on a high-intensity flash water-window x-ray generator is describe. This flash x-ray generator was improved in order to increase the x-ray intensity and to produce high-intensity characteristic x-rays by forming the linear plasma x-ray source. The generator consists of a high-voltage power supply, a polarity-inversion ignitron pulse generator, an oil-diffusion pump, and a radiation tube with a capillary. High-voltage condenser of 0.2 (mu) F in the pulse generator is charged up to 20 kV by the power supply, and the electric charges in the condenser are discharged to the capillary in the tube after closing the ignitron. In the present work, the chamber is evacuated by the pump with a pressure of about 1 mPa, and the titanium anode and cathode electrodes are employed to produce L-series characteristic x-rays in the water-window range. The diameter and the length of the ferrite capillary are 2.0 and 30 mm, respectively, and both the cathode voltage and the discharge current displayed damped oscillations. The peak values of the voltage and current increased when the charging voltage was increased, and their maximum values were -11.2 kV and 4.4 kA, respectively. The pulse durations of the water- windows x-rays were nearly equivalent to those of the damped oscillations in the voltage and current, and their values were less than 15 microsecond(s) . In the spectrum measurement, we observed water-window x-rays.


According to the civil air defence works construction situation of Liaoning Province,the article sums up the general issues existing in civil air defence works construction and gives analysis of illustration.To strengthen the supervising of the civil air defence works construction enterprises and supervisory organi-zation and to assure the quality of civil air defence works,it also provides measures and methods which should be adopted relating to the issues.


This article focuses on the notion of confession and its relationship to the concepts of judgment and grace in the Christian message. First, general considerations about "judgment" in Kierkegaard's thought are treated. The article then shows that the ethical demand presented in "An Occasional Discourse" seeks to bring the individual, through confession before God, to a self-consciousness of his or her inability to fulfill the ethical demand. Finally, it is argued that confession, and the judgment implied in it, perform a crucial role regarding the correct appropriation of Grace. The aim of this paper is to argue for the importance of confession as a preparation for the appropriation of grace. Confession, in this occasional discourse, is connected to the theological concept of judgment and, in this sense, is related to the concept of grace and its significance to the individual. In these reflections I will focus specifically on the third part of the discourse. Before showing these relations, however, I will include a short exposition of the concept of judgment in Kierkegaard's thought. Considerations of the Concept of Judgment Theologically, judgment can be understood as "the response of God's justice to all actions which human beings perform and for which they are responsible."2 God's judgment involves the condemnation of sin where human responsibility is implied. 1 This work was done with support from CNPq, an agency of the Brazilian government which supports scholarly and technological development. 2 Christoph Schwöbel "Judgement" in The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought, ed. by Adrian Hastings et al., Oxford: Oxford University Press 2000, p. 356. On the Relationship between Judgment and Grace 151 It is well known that consciousness of sin is an important aspect of Kierkegaard's view of Christianity. Sin should not be understood only as wrongdoing or immoral acts, but as a situation where the individual as a whole is regarded as sinner before God;3 particular sins are an expression of this condition. In broad terms, for Kierkegaard, judgment can be understood as the revelation of human sin4 in general as well as its consequences. Sin places an abyss between God and human beings,5 and judgment makes it possible for human beings to perceive this infinite distance between themselves and God. For Kierkegaard, however, the perception of this infinite distance is a fundamental aspect for restoring the relationship between God and the individual.6 Judgment, therefore, should not be understood as punishment from God. Rather, judgment implies a self-knowledge, grounded in God, of the human being and his or her position before God. It is true that sin is something that happens against and before God.7 Nevertheless, this same sin is something harmful to the human being. This human being is loved by God, who wants to remove him or her from this situation. In this sense, judgment is inseparable from the love and grace of God. God wants to restore the relationship with human beings in the atonement and starts this process by revealing to the individual his or her situation. The idea that human beings are in a situation from which they cannot free themselves corresponds to the grace that redeems and saves the person from this situation. Here Kierkegaard is walking on the 3 Regarding this point, Anti-Climacus states: "...the older dogmatics was right in maintaining that because sin is against God it is infinitely magnified." SUD, 80 / SV1 XI, 192. When Anti-Climacus defines sin as "before God in despair not to will to be oneself, or before God in despair to will to be oneself," (SUD, 81 / SV1 XI, 193) he assumes that he could be asked if such a definition would not be too spiritual, since it does not refer to any particular sins. Anti-Climacus states that when understanding sin only regarding particular sins, one easily forget that, "humanly speaking, all such things may be quite in order up to a point, and yet one's whole life may be sin...." SUD, 81-82 / SV1 XI, 193. 4 Although not referring specifically to the concept of revelation, already in PF it is clear that the consciousness of the infinite distance between the disciple and the god, established by sin, must be brought by the god himself. See PF, 14 / SV1 IV, 184. 5 PF, 47 / SV1 IV, 214: "What, then, is the difference? Indeed, what else but sin, since the difference, the absolute difference, must have been caused by the individual himself." 6 In 1847 Kierkegaard states in his journals: "Sin does indeed seek to draw us away – but in the Atonement it is precisely the consciousness of sin that leads us closer to God." JP 4:4011 / Pap. VIII 1 A 284. 7 See SUD, 80 / SV1 XI, 192.


Background: The diagnosis of the populations' affective emotional states and the precocious detection of disease in the community and the promotion of mental...


We aimed to determine the relationship between social physique anxiety (SPA), body image dissatisfaction (BID), self-esteem (SE), and body fat ratio (BFR) in female exercisers and nonexercisers. Participants included 290 female exercisers and nonexercisers ranging in age from 18 to 60 ( M = 24.0, SD = 10.0). One-way ANOVA and the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze data. Significant relationships were found between SPA, body image satisfaction (BIS), and SE. Differences between each group's SPA, BID, and SE scores were also notable. It was concluded, therefore, that exercising behavior had a moderating effect on SPA, BIS, and SE.


Morphological and biochemical responses to Acute Ozone Exposure (AOE) by Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar variety CO6 was studied. Plants were grown in controlled conditions and exposed to ozone at 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 ppbv (T1-T5) for 15 min twice a day. Variation among shoot and root length, shoot-root ratio, fresh (FW), dry (DW) weight, leaf area (LA), leaf area ratio (LAR), number of guard cells (G), epidermal cells (E) (abaxial and adaxial), stomatal index (SI), chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll (TC), chlorophyll a/b ratio, chlorophyll protein ratio (CPR), ascorbic acid (AA), total phenol (TP), Proline (Pro), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and Urease activity (UA) were measured in control and ozone-treated plants. The ozone treatment resulted in increase in dry weight, shoot length, leaf area, and number of epidermal cells, stomata and total chlorophyll on exposure up to 60 ppbv. Nitrate Reductase (EC: 18.104.22.168) and Urease (EC: 3.5.15) activities were inhibited by ozone.


Most works in dexterous manipulation consider Force Closure Grasp (FCG), not only for rigid object but also, for flexible ones, though in the second case a force readjustment is also necessary. However, there are situations in which FCG is nonviable. This paper deals with the situation of a flexible object that must be necessarily grasped from one of its sides, taking advantage of its flexibility. This situation is common in packaging processes, or other everyday situations carried out by people. The paper presents first a new solution based on a planner that reproduces the actions of a human hand, aided by a database with knowledge about previous tasks. The paper is focused on describing the first tests done to evaluate the effectiveness of the planner for grasping different basic flexible objects, compared to a human hand.


SUMMARY Leucotomy, the so called surgical therapy of certain forms of mental diseases, is considered by the authors as having successfully passed its experimental stage. Emphasis is given to Egas Moniz, as the responsible man for the success of such method, which achieved recognition thanks to his brilliant and penetrating mind, deeply engaged in the study of physiopathology of the frontal lobes since the International Congress of Neurology in London, 1935, until the present Congress, when his scientific achievement wins full recognition. History of the therapy dates back to November 12th., 1935 when Moniz with Almeida Lima and Cid Sobral undertook the treatment of psychotic patients by means of the surgical interruption of the frontal association pathways to the thalamus. After the report of the process through Egas Moniz's monography (June, 1936), Aloysio Mattos Pimenta performed the first operation on August 21st, 1936, at the Juqueri Hospital, S. Paulo, Brasil. Freemann and Watts, in U. S. A., were the first to use Moniz's method, and performed their first operation on September 14th., 19.36, and then the method gained recognition in the world's neuro-psychiatrics centers, its use being quickly widespread. The great progress of the


The seizure, safe handling and secure storage of evidence during criminal investigations is pivotal to the successful detection and prosecution of offences. The safe retention of materials after an investigation closes, even post-conviction, is also critical both to the ability of the appellate system to function and for 'cold cases' to be reviewed. Yet despite periodic high-profile instances in which failures to ensure the integrity and retention of evidence have occurred, there is a reticence to admit to evidence being lost; in particular, to consider the issue on an aggregate rather than a case-by-case basis. This lack of transparency is compounded by an accountability deficit, in which the issue falls through regulatory gaps. Provoked to locate proof of lost evidence, this article examines police retention of investigative materials, and details the results of surveys undertaken with lawyers and miscarriage of justice campaigners ( n = 65) and police ( n = 87), and 21 interviews with serving and retired police officers. We identify 'weak links' in the evidence chain that need strengthening, including the enhancement of training, improved physical packaging and storage facilities, sufficient training of police staff and the creation of specialised 'exhibits' roles. Further to practical resource demands, the issue requires accessible data so that the problem can be acknowledged, and accountability and oversight mechanisms created to assure processes.


The primary goal of this paper is to describe several models that are currently used at the National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia (NBRM) for short-term forecasting of inflation Autoregressive integrated moving average models (aggregated and disaggregated approach), three equation structural model and a dynamic factor model. Additionally, we evaluate models' out-of-sample forecasting performance for the period 2012 q3 to 2016 q2 by using a number of forecast evaluation criteria such as the Root Mean Squared Error, the Mean Absolute Error, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error and the Theil's U Statistics. Additionally, we constructed several composite forecasts in order to test whether a combination forecast is superior to individual models' forecasts. Our results point to three important conclusions. First, the forecasting accuracy of the models is highest when they are used for forecasting one quarter ahead i.e. the errors increase as the forecasting horizon increases. Second, the disaggregated ARIMA model has the smallest forecasting errors. Third, majority of the forecast evaluation criteria suggest that composite forecasts are superior in comparison to the individual models. JEL classifications: C52, C53, E37


This two volume study contains over six years of research on laser spectroscopy. Most of the studies involve infrared and visible spectroscopy, although reports on laser photofragment spectroscopy and laser microwave spectroscopy are included. Also covered are spectrometer design, chemical analytical techniques, and spectra. Raman spectroscopy is excluded since it is covered in a separate Published Search, NTIS/PS-76/0099, Laser Raman Spectroscopy. (This updated bibliography contains 126 abstracts.


Abstract IN THE earlier nutrition experiments in which Hughes (1918) used chickens as experimental animals, the condition now known as "slipped tendon" was encountered but was not differentiated from rickets. Since the etiology and pathology of rickets in chickens has become well understood (Hughes and Titus, 1926), it is evident that slipped tendon is a separate and distinct disorder. Rickets, which is caused by the lack of vitamin D, is characterized by chemical changes in the blood and bones and histological changes in the bone, while in typical slipped tendon, not complicated by secondary infection, there are found no chemical or histological changes. The bacteria which are sometimes found in the abnormal joints seem to be of a secondary invasion. They do not appear to be the primary cause of the disease. The deformity seems to be due to an anatomical abnormality rather than to histological changes. It appears as though . . .


To protect the privacy and search sensitive data leaks, we must solve multiple challenges (e.g., applicability, portability, and scalability) for developing an appropriate taint analysis for distributed systems.We hence present DistTaint, a dynamic taint analysis for distributed systems against these challenges. It could infer implicit dependencies from partial-ordering method events in executions to resolve the applicability challenge. DistTaint fully works at application-level without any customization of platforms to overcome the portability challenge. It exploits a multi-phase analysis to achieve scalability. By proposing a pre-analysis, DistTaint narrows down the following fine-grained analysis' scope to reduce the overall cost significantly. Empirical results showed DistTaint's practical applicability, portability, and scalability to industry-scale distributed programs, and its capability of discovering security vulnerabilities in real-world distributed systems. The tool package can be downloaded here: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kfr9ixucyny1jp2/AAC00aI-I8O-d4ywZCqwZ1uaa?dl=0


Recent years have witnessed an exponential rise in the number of connected wireless devices. This number is expected to rise at an unprecedented rate leading to severe challenges in user demands and network infrastructure. With the fusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, these devices have become more smart and intelligent. Using machine learning, efforts are being carried out to artificially train these networks to determine the optimum system requirements automatically. With these intelligent networks generating an enormous volume of data along with the demand for high data rate, machine learning has found its few limitations. Deep learning techniques have emerged as one of the most impressive tools to solve many of these problems. The primary objective of this chapter is to provide insights into deep learning and the applications of deep learning in next-generation inventive wireless networks. The chapter also presents the issues, challenges, and future directions in this research area. Deep Learning for NextGeneration Inventive Wireless Networks: Issues, Challenges, and Future Directions


The objectives of this study are to describe the difference of students' achievement and critical thinking in science subject by using Think Talk Write Strategy which is followed by conventional learning; to describe students' outcome in learning science by using both strategies type talk write strategy and conventional one; to describe students' critical thinking by using both strategies, type talk write and conventional learning. This study is an quasi-experiment research which uses randomized post-test only control group design at 4 grade students in SD Gugus IV Abiansemal District. By using a random pair of equal groups, the 4 grade students' in SD N 4 Abiansemal, which consist of 31 students, is selected as experiment group and for the control group is the 4 grade students' in SD N 3 Abiansemal, which consist of 33 students. Analysis of research using one-way Manova shows: 1) learning outcomes and critical thinking skills students who follow the TTW type cooperative learning model are significantly higher than students who follow conventional learning models proven from the F value for Wilks lambda has a significance smaller than 0,05, 2) Student learning outcomes in science learning that follow the TTW type of cooperative learning model is higher than conventional learning this is evidenced by the statistical value F = 8,918 with a significance level smaller than 0,05. 3) Students' critical thinking ability in science learning that follows the TTW type of cooperative learning model is higher than conventional learning, this is evidenced by the statistical value F = 14,732 with a significance level less than 0,05. Keywords: Cooperative Learning, Think-Talk-Write Strategy, Conventional Learning, Achievement, and Critical Thinking Skills


Classical physical laws predict that atomic hydrogen may undergo a catalytic reaction with certain species including itself that can accept energy in integer multiples of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen, m ⋅ 27.2 eV wherein m is an integer. The predicted reaction involves a resonant, nonradiative energy transfer from otherwise stable atomic hydrogen to the catalyst capable of accepting the energy. The product is H 1/ p ( ), fractional Rydberg states of atomic hydrogen called "hydrino atoms" wherein n = 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 ,..., 1 p ( p ≤ 137 is an integer) replaces the well-known parameter n = integer in the Rydberg equation for hydrogen excited states. Each atomic hydrino state also comprises an electron, a proton, and a photon, but the field contribution from the photon increases the binding rather than decreasing it corresponding to energy desorption rather than absorption. Since the potential energy of atomic hydrogen is 27.2 eV , one or more ( m ) H atoms can act as a catalyst for a given H by accepting m ⋅ 27.2 eV from it. Following the nonradiative energy transfer, further energy as characteristic continuum radiation having a short-wavelength cutoff of 2 13.6 m eV ⋅ is released as the hydrino transitions to a final stable radius of ( ) 1/ 1 m + that of H. The transition also selectively produces extraordinary high-kinetic energy H. Hydrino transitions were observed experimentally by the predicted catalyst excitation, continuum emission, and hot H. Similar to the case with the 21 cm (1.42 GHz) line of ordinary hydrogen, hydrino atoms were identified by its predicted 642 GHz spin-nuclear hyperfine transition observed by TeraHz absorption spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled H2 below 35K. Hydrinos react to form molecular hydrino and hydrino hydride ions that are much more stable than the ordinary variants and have characteristic predicted energies, spectra, and NMR shifts. Synthesized and naturally occurring molecular hydrino were observed by electron beam excited ro-vibrational spectral emission and proton NMR. Hydrino hydride ions were observed by proton NMR and XPS. The hydrino continua spectra directly and indirectly match significant celestial observations and the characteristics of hydrino indicate that it is the dark matter.


Typescript letter from the Honorary Secretary of the Anti-Partition of Ireland League asking for a contribution to funds and informing him of the establishment of a standing committee for fundraising. Dated 12 June 1939. [The same letter was sent to 15 other named people.]


Management of periorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) is still a therapeutic challenge. Although different therapeutic modalities are available, the outcomes of most of them are unsatisfactory.


The speciality of the Berlin "Konfliktlotsenmodell" is based on the fact that a common concept of action oriented, democratic education is applied. This is achieved by employing simultaneously the three fields of prevention, intervention and mediation. Pedagogic personnel, being experienced mediators, are assisting the peer-mediators (here "Konfliktlotse"). Within the social integrating forces of the school system different functions or duties exist. These are used to exploit emotions and daily conflicts as learning opportunities. Furthermore escalations are disrupted and the selfresponsibility of the persons involved is called upon during violent conflicts.


Blunt snout bream is a valuable freshwater fish species. In order to raise the survival of its fry,observations were made on the early development of its digestive organ. It was found that from the lst to the 3rd days after hatching out I the digestive organ was in the shape of a straight pipe and its wall was composed by single-ranged cells. The mouth was not formed and the anus was not connected with the outside. Fry obtained their nutrition from their yolk sac. From the 3rd day on the mouth began to form and the digestive organ was twisted, with cell layers increased and the histological structures of the anterior,middle and posterior sections of the organ gradually were distinguishable. The yolk sac shrinked and the anus formed,being able to feed on some fine food from the outside. And this is the right time to transfer the fry from the hatching jar into the pond so as to raise the survival rate.


Making use of data generated from drilling process are challenging in oil industry, an intelligent decision system for drilling based on big data has been established to improve efficiency and reduce drilling cost of more than 400 wells are being drilled in Bohai oilfield every year. The data acquisition standard of offshore drilling and completion is formed, and the data are transformed and stored in database system. Based on the analysis of regional geological, seismic, logging and drilling data, various risks of the design well are evaluated to achieve the best drilling and completion design scheme. Meanwhile, real time intelligent prediction models with machine learning methods, such as Artificial neural network, Convolutional neural network, K nearest neighbor, etc, are established to predict and avoid pipe stuck, lost circulation, gas kick events. Moreover, a continuous improvement system is established to improve drilling efficiency through drilling parameters optimization. An intelligent decision system for drilling with the core of "pre drilling rehearsal-risk assessment-parameter optimization" has been formed. This technology has been successfully applied in 50 wells, the average well construction time has been reduced by 4.5 days compared with previously drilled wells. Bohai oilfield is accelerating digital transformation pace of drilling and completion, and the filed application show that digitization and big data technology can greatly help increase efficiency and reduce cost, which can also be a reference to other oilfield.


High accurate phase analysis of waveforms as fringe patterns is essential for a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines. However, precise phase analysis under extremely low signal-to-noise conditions is a challenging task for conventional phase-shifting methods. Here, a novel accurate phase recovering technique, called the spatiotemporal phase-shifting method (ST-PSM), is developed to measure the phase information robustly by utilizing two-dimensional intensity data in spatial- and temporal-domains simultaneously. Our simulation results indicated that ST-PSM had strong tolerance to random noise, and a self-neutralizing function to eliminate the periodical phase error due to the nonlinearity of detector, intensity saturation, vibration or phase-shifting error. The effectiveness was demonstrated experimentally from a non-contact shape measurement in fringe projection profilometry under extreme underexposure and overexposure recording conditions. Furthermore, by incorporating modern GPU parallel computing technology, a 4-step phase-shifted fringe pattern with 8 K image size can be calculated within one second. Due to its robustness and high accuracy with a fast calculation, therefore, we believe this technique has a significant impact on a variety of research and scientific fields.


Delaunay tessellations and Voronoi diagrams capture proximity relationships among sets of points. When applied to points representing protein atoms or residue positions, they are used to compute molecular surfaces and protein volumes, to define cavities and pockets, to analyze and score packing interactions, and to find structural motifs. Since atom and residue coordinates are known imprecisely, we explore the effect of coordinate perturbation on Delaunay-based scoring and motif finding. We define and compute the almost-Delaunay tetrahedra , which are tetrahedra that can become part of a Delaunay tessellation if the point coordinates are perturbed by at most ≥ 0, and the probability that each is Delaunay assuming random Gaussian perturbations of all points. By analyzing these tetrahedra, we show that Delaunay four-body potential functions are robust and derive a new method to detect structural motifs. An implementation in MATLAB is available from http://www.cs.unc.edu/ ∼debug/papers/AlmDel .


Persuasive communication is very important in improving the quality of government in socialization and developing information about regional regulations and policies. The aim of this research is to find out the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2012 concerning the Prevention and Control of Abuse and Illicit Narcotics, Psychotropics and Other Addictive Substances (P4GN) in Banjarmasin City (Case Study of Drug Prevention by the National Narcotics Agency). The research method uses a qualitative approach and descriptive type. The research instrument is the researcher himself. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. The data analyses are using data reduction, data presentation and verification. The validity of the data is using credibility test technique. The results showed that the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2012 concerning the Prevention and Control of the Abuse and Illicit Narcotics, Psychotropics and Other Addictive Substances (P4GN) in Banjarmasin City (Case Study of Drug Prevention by the National Narcotics Agency) has not been implemented optimally. Due to the four implementation factors, according to Edward III's theory, only one factor has been successfully implemented, namely the resource factor. Meanwhile, the factors of communication, disposition and bureaucratic structure have not been successfully implemented, because there are indicators in each factor which cannot be maximally implemented. As in the communication factors, only consistency indicator is successfully implemented. In the disposition factor, there is staff indicator that has not been implemented and in the bureaucratic structure, the two indicators have not been successfully implemented. From this research, BNN Banjarmasin City is suggested to conduct socialization more frequently to the public about P4GN, including legal basis and contents of legal basis. Meanwhile, the community can help BNN in overcoming the problem of drug abuse and trafficking such as stop misusing narcotics.

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