Quinn and Eimas (1998) reported that young infants include non-human animals (i.e., cats, horses, and fish) in their category representation for humans. To account for this surprising result, it was proposed that the representation of humans by infants functions as an attractor for non-human animals and is based on infants' previous experience with humans. We report three simulations that provide a computational basis for this proposal. These simulations show that that a "dualnetwork" connectionist model that incorporates both bottom-up (i.e., short-term memory) and top-down (i.e., long-term memory) processing is sufficient to account for the empirical results obtained with the infants.


This paper deals with the three-dimensional finite element analysis of failure behavior of UHPFRC I-beam under monotonic load. Different from the constitutive law of normal and high strength concrete, an elastic-plastic fracture model that considers the tensile strain hardening is proposed to describe the material properties of UHPFRC. A multi-directional fixed crack criterion with tensile strain hardening is defined in the tensile region, and Drucker-Prager criterion with an associated flow rule is adopted in the compressive region. The influence of span, prestressing force and section on the behavior of UHPFRC I-beam are investigated. The comparison of the numerical results with the test results indicates a good agreement.


The present invention relates to an integrated coupon management system based on a coupon standard job process. More specifically, an integrated coupon management system can increase efficiency of job and management of a person in charge of each step with a unified process for all processes of coupon planning and application, examination and approval, issuing, distribution, usage and exhaustion, usage processing. The integrated coupon management system can realize an overall statistical function of issuing per coupon type and exhaustion per user group to use in marketing, and can provide a marketing tool service through an integrated coupon to give benefits like price and product discount and point accumulation by issuing a coupon for marketing activity intended for a customer. A manager can determine a product type of a coupon variously like a selling type, a combination type and etc in the integrated coupon management system in order to provide convenience of a user. [Reference numerals] (100) Coupon interface management unit; (120) Type (Legacy); (200) Coupon work flow management unit; (210) Coupon workflow management part; (220) Coupon sales management part; (230) Authority control part; (800) Integrated coupon management system; (A1) Generate coupon; (A2) Issue the coupon; (A3) Distribute coupon; (A4) Use coupon; (A5) Coupon usage processing result; (A6) Inquire coupon; (B1) Reference information connection; (B2) Channel connection; (B3) Support connection; (B4) Integrated authentication; (C1) Coupon generation management; (C2) Coupon issuing/distribution management; (C3) Coupon usage history management; (D1) Coupon goods management; (D2) Sell coupon; (D3) Coupon sales history


Adult health The rate of alcohol-related harm hospital stays is 802*, worse than the average for England. This represents 3,111 stays per year. The rate of self-harm hospital stays is 269*, worse than the average for England. This represents 1,327 stays per year. The rate of smoking related deaths is 317*, worse than the average for England. This represents 601 deaths per year. Estimated levels of adult excess weight and physical activity are better than the England average. Rates of sexually transmitted infections and TB are worse than average. The rate of people killed and seriously injured on roads is better than average.


Studying large, complex simulations entails understanding their uncertainties. However, visualization tools that rapidly quantify simulation uncertainty may require precise tuning, give limited information, or struggle to disentangle uncertainty sources. We propose a fast, scalable regression-based approach that uses bootstrapping on small samples of simulation data to model the effect of uncertainty from discreteness. We test the approach on three types of simulations with unique sources of uncertainty: particles (dark matter), ensembles (ocean), and discretized flows (traffic). We create a visualization tool to facilitate this modeling, showing training data and predictions in real time. Scientists, who need to provide only modest supervision, can use our tool to quickly understand how initial conditions and parameterizations affect observable quantities, their uncertainties, and their agreement with experimental data. We show that our tool offers a speedup of several orders of magnitude over comparable uncertainty calculation approaches.


A firm with stochastic demand can rely on hired hands when demand is low and rent additional labour when demand is higher. For high demand this implies the co-employment of hired hands, paid directly by the firm, and of rented hands who are paid by a rental agency. This may cause severe problems if wages differ systematically between hired and rented hands. Will rented hands accept lower wages than hired hands? Or will rented hands demand higher wages as a compensation for flexibility? Fairness norms might play an important role in wage-setting decisions. We will explore theoretically and ex-perimentally possible fairness considerations of the involved parties.


Both Shanxi Province and Hebei Province have resource complementary advantages and geographical advantages for regional tourist cooperation.However,due to various reasons,there are still many problems in the cooperation between the two provinces such as imperfect cooperative mechanism,backward construction of fundamental tourist facilities,and inefficient information channels within the region,etc.We should analyze the current situation of the tourist cooperation, explore the main problems existing in the process,put forward new conception for the cooperation,which will be significant to promote the tourist cooperation between the two provinces.


The general objective of the study was to determine challenges encountered during the implementation of the healthcare waste management projects in Kenya. A descriptive research design was used for this study. The study adopted purposive sampling technique, of which 30% of the total target population of public health officers and other respondents who participated in the project were used. The number of respondents for this study was 90. The study used SPSS version 21 to establish the descriptive and inferential results regarding the mean, frequencies, standard deviation, regression and correlation. The results were presented in form of charts, graphs and Table. Correlation results revealed that that project resources, project quality management, monitoring and evaluation and availability of technology have a positive and significant effect on project performance during implementation in Kenya. Regression results also indicated that the independent variables had a positive and significant effect on project performance during implementation in Kenya. The study recommended that HCW projects ensured there was sufficient project resources to carry out the project work well and seek additional financial aid form the government and development partners to ensure the projects are sufficiently financed and have a contingency fund as well, in addition resource planning tools should be applied always. Quality requirements set through stakeholder meetings should be clearly followed to the latter, also capacity building in the projects should always be a key objective to ensure that the project personnel are well equipped technically to carry out their activities and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of carrying out their duties. Lastly compliance with requirement provides a guiding system for project tasks and leads to the correct results hence should be ensured. Monitoring and evaluation should be conducted routinely throughout implementation of the HCW projects, by professionals of the field and at the end as well to establish if the product is acceptable. The technology chosen should match the work it is to be used in and be affordable to run in the project. Also it should have technical staff that understands it and that can handle it well under various constraints that may arise from time to time. Key Words: Project Resources, Project Quality, Project Monitoring And Evaluation, Technology, Medical Waste


The invention discloses a method for preparing rare earth modified tungsten-base alloy powder. The method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing the saline solutions of tungsten, copper, nickel and rare earth evenly according to the stoichiometric ratio of needed tungsten copper alloy powder so as to prepare a reaction original solution; (2) atomizing the original solution and spraying into a reaction chamber, controlling the reaction atmosphere, and performing an atomization reduction reaction on the solution to obtain primary tungsten-base alloy powder; and (3) collecting the primary tungsten-base alloy powder, and obtaining the rare earth modified tungsten copper alloy powder with high performance through high-temperature processing. According to the method, the rare earth modified tungsten-base alloy powder is prepared by using a high temperature solution atomization reduction technology; the saline solution of the target metal is used as the raw material; the saline solution is atomized into an aerosol in an airtight reactor; and at the same time the aerosol is decomposed and fast reacts to obtain a target product in the high temperature condition. The method has the superiority of combining a vapor phase method and a liquid phase method, and has the advantages of high powder preparation efficiency, simple process, controllable reaction process and environment protection.


Introduction Since current evidence fails to support traditional pharmaceutical methods to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants, there is a great need for a safe alternative approach that might prove more effective than medication and with fewer side effects. Indeed, peer-reviewed literature on traditional treatment for GERD in infants has shown that medication in those cases is not effective enough to be recommended and is usually not approved by guidelines for use in infants younger than 1 year of age.1,2,3 During a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in infants with reflux, even the medication that is most often regarded as the most effective for the treatment of GERD, the Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), has not demonstrated superiority over placebo for reduction in irritability.4,5,6 Although a large number of chiropractors treating infants will attest that the symptoms of many of their patients with GERD were reduced or resolved with chiropractic care, up until now, only a few studies have been conducted on the relationship between GERD in infants and chiropractic care.7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 It is therefore even more important to properly document each case found to enhance the quantity and quality of supportive literature on this subject. The purpose of this report is to describe the case of a fourmonth-old female under chiropractic care whose condition improved from GERD to physiologic gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and finally complete resolution. Method A literature search was done using the search engines Google Scholar and PubMed by using the key words infant, GERD, regurgitation and chiropractic. Papers were selected based on the date of publication and their relevance to nonmedical avenues of treatment. Only a few case reports were published on the relationship of infant with GERD and chiropractic care. Patient information A 4-month-old female presented for chiropractic care for recurrent regurgitation after feeding. She was exclusively breastfed. The infant was averse to being carried and her symptoms included frequent post prandial regurgitation, difficult eructation, interrupted sleep, choking and rumination, wheezing during sleep, fussiness, distended stomach and excessive intestinal gas. Objective: This case report discusses the evolution of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) under chiropractic care. It is the hope of the author to encourage more research about the role of chiropractic as a safe alternative in the resolution of GERD in infants. Method: A literature search on Google Scholar and PubMed was done to find recent and relevant papers using the keywords infant, GERD, regurgitation and chiropractic. Clinical features: A 4-month-old female presented for chiropractic care for recurrent regurgitation after feeding. The infant was exclusively breastfed. She was averse to being carried and her complaints included frequent post prandial regurgitation, difficult eructation, interrupted sleep, choking and rumination, wheezing during sleep, fussiness, distended stomach and excessive intestinal gas. No medication was taken by the infant or the mother and lifestyle changes were made before consulting a chiropractor. Intervention and outcomes: The infant was treated with chiropractic manipulation using craniosacral therapy, myofascial therapy and Diversified adjusting technique. The treatment consisted of 17 visits over a 20-week period using a full spine protocol adapted for the pediatric patient based on size and gestational age. The original diagnosis of GERD improved to physiologic gastroesophageal reflux (GER) after 14 visits and then totally resolved at the 17th visit. Conclusion: Since current evidence fails to support traditional medicinal methods to treat GERD in infants, chiropractic care merits investigation as a safe alternative that might prove more efficient than medication and with fewer side effects. This case report constitutes an addition to the scientific literature regarding chiropractic care of infants suffering from GERD.


A time spread diversity technique with integrated coding and interference cancellation by S.A. Swanepoel Advisor: Professor L.P. Linde Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering Master of Engineering (Electronic)


Takayasu arteritis is a rare vasculitic disease characterized with inflamation of vessels. It commonly results stenosis and dilatations of aort and aortic branches. Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease is one of the major complications of Takayasu arteritis. In this report we concluded two Takayasu arteritis cases in the light of current data whom presented with ischemic stroke clinical symptoms.


Korea has long been considered as a single race and a monolingual country, however due to the initiation of Industrial Trainee System and the recent increase of interracial marriages, the population of foreigners also has grown rapidly. Though there has been the clear evidence in rapid increase of multicultural population, the national policy including Korean education has been based mostly on the assimilation theory, which disregards possible advantages of having diversity in a nation. With the increase of multicultural children`s population in public schools, their language education has become a problem. Such problem can be resolved with bilingual education that is modified to fit the educational environment and local situation. Hence, a survey was conducted in order to understand the current situation of multicultural children`s language education and the awareness of bilingual education. Furthermore, in the process the opinions regarding implementation of bilingual education were also surveyed. As a result, bilingual education in general was favored by most of the participants, and more specifically, the result indicates that a well-balanced bilingual education, a bilingual education that equally distributes parents` language and Korean.


AUTHOR Mertler, Craig A. TITLE Teachers' (Mis)Conceptions of Classroom Test Validity and Reliability. PUB DATE 1999-10-00 NOTE 18p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-Western Educational Research Association (Chicago, IL, October 13-16, 1999). PUB TYPE Reports Research (143) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Elementary Secondary Education; Evaluation Methods; *Student Evaluation; Teacher Attitudes; Teachers; *Test Reliability; *Test Validity; Testing IDENTIFIERS Ohio


Abstract Thirty isolates of the morphological species Ophiostoma minus, obtained from Europe and North America, were compared using several criteria. These included sexual compatibility, linear growth rate, sensitivity to cycloheximide, perithecial dimensions and RAPD profiles. Within the species complex, three distinct mating populations were identified: sexually compatible heterothallic isolates originating from both Europe and North America, homothallic isolates occurring only in North America, and another group of heterothallic isolates corresponding to individuals previously identified as O. pseudotsugae from North America. Isolates of O. pseudotsugae were sexually incompatible with the heterothallic O. minus isolates. Differences in linear growth rate, perithecial size and RAPD banding patterns confirmed the differences among the three groups, and the combined evidence suggested these are three distinct species.


■ Th e results show a signifi cant relationship between low volume and poor performance—and between high volume and good performance. For example: • For follow-up after a psychiatric hospitalization: patients in low-volume HMOs were 8% to 21% more likely to have poor follow-up within 7 and within 30 days of hospital discharge. • For antidepressant medication management: low-volume HMOs were 3% to 5% more likely to perform poorly.


To study the seismic performance of self-centering circular-section rocking steel bridge piers whose functions can be restored after an earthquake, a high-precision finite element (FE) analysis model of such a bridge piers was established. The hysteresis behavior of concrete-infilled and hollow rocking steel bridge piers was compared. In response to the characteristics of the local deformation of the wall plates and elliptical deformation of the bottom surface, two reinforcement methods for the pier bottom, namely thickening the wall plate and adding longitudinal stiffeners in the plastic zone of the pier bottom, were proposed. The pseudo static analysis of bridge piers was carried out considering the effects of overall design parameters and reinforcement parameters of the pier bottom. The results indicate that the FE model used in this paper can obtain accurate horizontal load-displacement curves of rocking steel bridge piers. The hysteresis curves of the rocking steel bridge piers and infilled concrete rocking steel bridge piers is close, and directly using hollow steel bridge piers can improve the economic efficiency of the design. Compared to adding longitudinal stiffeners, the reinforcement form of thickened wall plates at the pier bottom has a better effect in improving the seismic performance of bridge piers. The reinforcement of the pier bottom has little effect on the energy dissipation capacity of the bridge pier, but it helps to reduce residual displacement and improve lateral stiffness.


In man and in animal models of early heart failure the baroreflex and the cardiopulmonary reflex have been reported to be impaired. Glutamate and 5‐HT are released in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) by cardiovascular afferent activation (see Ramage & Villalón, 2008, TIPS 29:472‐481). The present study was designed to determine if the release of these transmitters in real time is altered in the rat permanent‐occlusion heart failure model. 5‐HT was measured via a carbon fibre electrode using a modified form of fast differential voltammetry, while glutamate was measured using a glutamate biosensor (Sarissaprobes®). Rats, with heart failure or sham operated were anaesthetized with α‐chloralose (120 mg/kg; i.v), neuromuscular blocked and artificially ventilated. Activation of cardiopulmonary afferents by phenylbiguanide (PBG; i.a.) caused a significant (P< 0.05; n=4) increase in 5‐HT to 29 ± 6nM in heart failure compared to 10 ± 0.4nM in sham operated rats. PBG evoked a significantly smaller hypotension in heart failure (34 ± 5mmHg) compared to that of sham (58 ± 6 mmHg) rats. However, PBG evoked bradycardia was not significantly different, 148 ± 39 compared to 191 ± 12 bpm in sham rats. Activation of the depressor reflex by i.v. injection of phenylephrine (3μg per animal) caused a significantly greater increase in glutamate in heart failure (1.6 ± 0.2μM; n=3) compared to sham (0.6 ± 0.2μM, n=3) rats. The cardiovascular effects were not significantly different. In conclusion this preliminary data suggests that in heart failure afferent activation increases the release of these two transmitters in nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). The consequence of this in the development of heart failure remains to be determined.


Breast cancer survivors (BCS) with comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) and of racial and ethnic minority status are at higher risk of cancer‐related post‐traumatic stress (PTS) and severe illness beliefs. These affective and cognitive outcomes influence self‐management and treatment adherence in patients with chronic conditions, yet little is known regarding the interplay of these processes in diverse BCS with comorbid DM.


An extension to the wavelet-based method for the estimation of the spectral exponent, , in a process and in the presence of additive white noise is proposed. The approach is based on eliminating the effect of white noise by a simple difference operation constructed on the wavelet spectrum. The parameter is estimated as the slope of a linear function. It is shown by simulations that the proposed method gives reliable results. Global positioning system (GPS) time-series noise is analyzed and the results provide experimental verification of the proposed method.


The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of phenol was carried out in aqueous media with catalytic powders. The catalytic powders were composed of palladium nanoaggregates deposited on various subs...


In this paper, we fabricate a long-term stable flexible and transparent triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) based on encapsulating hydrogel with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS). This device not only can be employed for energy harvesting, but is able to detect the temperature as the resistance of the hydrogel encapsulated is changed with the temperature linearly. Therefore, from the principle, temperature sensing and energy harvesting are two independent functions in this design. Verified from the testing results, TENG reached an open-circuit voltage of 60V, a short-circuit current density of 14mA m−2, and a maximum power density at 0.225W m−2, and its temperature sensing range is 20–80°C with sensitivity at 1.174%/°C respectively.


We present a linear analytical model coupled with experimental analysis to discuss stability of a levitated proof mass (PM) in a micromachined inductive suspension (MIS), which has been previously introduced and characterized. The model is a function of the MIS geometry, describes the dynamics of a levitated disk-shaped PM near the equilibrium point, and predicts conditions for stable levitation. The experimental setup directly measures the lateral component of the Lorentz force, which has a stabilization role in the MIS structure, as well as the vertical levitation force. The experimental setup is further used to derive mechanical parameters such as stiffness values relative to lateral, vertical and angular displacements, proven to be in excellent agreement with the values predicted by the analytical model.


In order to study the fission rate distribution in CFBR-II reactor,the calculation method of fis-sion rate based on MCNP is built and checking computations are conducted using the high enriched bare ura-nium sphere in foreign countries.The fission rate distribution in the top and bottom hemispheres in CFBR-Ⅱ reactor is calculated along virtual path setting at the direction of 45o.The results indicate that the maximum fission rate lies in neither the system center nor the hemisphere center but some place in the enriched uranium core.The total fission rate of center normalization in the reactor is calculated to be 3 150.3 by distribution integral method,in which the contribution of deficient uranium reflector is 5%.


With UBVRI photoelectric photometry, the open cluster Hogg 16 is investigated. The data analysis shows that the cluster is composed by a poor concentrated central star group of 4 arcmin radius around the CPD -60°4703 star even though some members may be still found at a distance of 10 arcmi from it. A mean colour excess = 0.44 and a true distance modulus of 11.65, equivalent to a distance of d = 2130 pc, were derived. So the cluster is placed within the Sagittarius arm. Its turn-off point agrees with an age of (25.8 ± 1.5) × 10 6 yr while from core overshooting models it results to be 23 × 10 6 yr old. A possible relation with the open cluster Cr 272 is briefly discussed


Domain-specific term extraction is a subtask of domain-specific ontology construction, and has been applied into text classification, information retrieval, question answering, automatic indexing, and machine translation and so on. In this paper, we propose an iterative bootstrapping approach to extracting domain-specific terms from un-annotated Chinese free texts. The strings whose internal components are with more probabilities being inside domain-specific terms are identified as candidate terms. Experimental results on three domains of computer, military, and archaeology demonstrate the effectiveness and domain independent nature of our approach.


With its high specific capacity, the lithium sulfur battery is seen by many as the battery of the future. However, the Li–S battery still faces a host of problems, mainly connected to its poor cycling performance due to the "shuttle effect". As they show strong chemical absorption and are reaction sites to polysulfide species, sulfiphilic hosts are used in cathode material. For this paper, tin sulfide (SnS2) nanoplates were incorporated with a 3D graphene network using a simple hydrothermal method and a reduction process. After the infiltration of sulfur, the S/rGO-SnS2 exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 1150.1 mAh g −1 and excellent stability after 100 cycles (844.6 mAh g −1 ). The superior stability and reversibility is due to the synergy between the high-active sulfiphilic SnS2 and highconductivity 3D graphene network. This result shows a potential approach to the application of Li–S batteries.


This paper presents an improved cooperative matching algorithm based on feature regions. The proposed algorithm uses normal vector in each pixel position of the whole images to extract the feature regions of image sequences of buildings. In order to obtain a sparse depth map, matching areas are limited to feature regions rather than whole images. The image similarity of each pixel is defined as match value. Iteratively update match values and make the match values convergent. For each pixel, the pixel and disparity which the maximum match value corresponds to are regarded as matching results. By using feature regions extraction of image sequences, not only can the reconstruction process be further simplified, the running speed can also be increased. The experimental results show that our method is effective and can avoid mismatching in some regions which are texture-less or have sparse texture. Meanwhile, the problem of large computation is solved by pruning unnecessary matching regions.


Structural strength, stiffness, etc. are essential safety performances of mine refuge chamber. In this article, the safety performance of the chamber which is under the impact load was evaluated by the method of numerical analysis. First of all, according to some relative standards, a chamber model was established by applying numerical modeling software. In this way, a method of finite element analysis (FEA) was instituted and we used AUTODUN to simulate the process of transmission of blast waves in the underworkings. On the basis of Fourier transform theory, the spectrum analysis of the blast waves acting on the chamber has been done. In order to obtain the natural frequency, a model analysis of the chamber was made by applying OPTISTRUCT. Then the main frequency and the natural frequency were compared. The result shows that the resonance will not happen so that the safety performance of the chamber meets the demand of engineering safety. The structural strength of the chamber was analyzed by using LS-DYNA, and the result comes out that the pressure throughout the chamber will not cause damage to the chamber. After that, according to the simulation results, we proposed some pieces of advice which will be meaningful for the design and the improvement of the chamber.


Mesoporous silica was prepared by using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as the template,tetraethoxysilane(tetraethylorthosilicate,TEOS) as the silicon source and nitric acid as the hydrolysis catalyst.The obtained sample was then modified via post grafting method.The mesoporous silica before and after modification was characterized by IR,DTA-TG,XRD,SEM,elemental analysis,micro-electrophoresis and N2 adsorption-desorption.The results show that the mesoporous silica has been modified by amino-groups,the material after modification still belongs to a family of mesoporous materials in spite of a slight decrease in the order degree.The surface area,pore size and pore volume become smaller,and the isoelectric point is decreased from 2.74 to 4.75 after the modification.The commercial Novozymes laccase is successfully immobilized in the inner surface of amino-functionalized mesoporous silica in this work by using glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent.The conditions of immobilization on amino-functionalized mesoporous silica were optimized by means of orthogonal experimental designs.The results show that the operational stability of the immobilized enzyme is significantly improved in comparison with the free enzyme.


The laminated sediments suggest significant depletion in dissolved oxygen of intermediate water in the North Pacific during the last deglaciation. However, the cause of depleted oxygen during deglaciation is still a matter of debate. Here, we present foraminiferal Mg/Ca‐based intermediate and surface temperatures and δ18O of seawater (δ18OW; a proxy of salinity) in the Oyashio region in order to investigate intermediate water circulation through the last deglaciation. Results indicate that the intermediate water temperature and δ18OW increased in association with ventilation age at the Bølling‐Allerød period, suggesting that the poor ventilation at that time. The surface record shows that the decrease of salinity preceded the slowdown of intermediate ventilation. The coupled variation of intermediate and surface water suggests that the supply of cold, fresh intermediate water diminished because of poor ventilation at the high latitude due to surface freshening.


In 1962, 9 years after receiving his M.D. degree from the University of Lyon, Michel Mirowski published the first of his studies on abnormal atrial rhythms.^ During the next 10 years, Mirowski wrote 15 papers in which atrial, and particularly left atrial, rhythms were featured.^"^^ After 1972, much of his published work would describe progress in the development and application of the automatic implantahle cardioverter defibrillator (AICD [CPI, St. Paul, MN, USA]).


A method for automatically identifying areas of disagreement and their sources is presented for multiexpert knowledge-based systems in the context of the Prospector consultation system. It employs performance evaluation techniques in combination with the explanatory facilities present in many expert systems to assist the user of an expert system in deciding which among several possibly conflicting expert opinions he should choose.


Purpose: The study was design to evaluate the effectiveness and adequacy of the internship period employing quantitative study descriptive survey approach.

Theoretical framework: Internship is requirement of every student of radiology program of Radiological Sciences patch for the award of bachelor's degree at Najran University, Saudi Arabia. The competency level would demonstrate influence the sufficiency and efficiency of clinical training during internship period which represent six months after completing nine levels of radiology program.

Design\Methodology\Approach: The survey was distributed to the tow levels of the last year of radiological sciences which composed of 81 male and female students which gathered seventy-seven (77) participants. Data collected through a questionnaire and summarized as percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations using SPSS version 20.0.

Findings: The study revealed un adequacy of the internship period and showed low efficiency due to its short duration.

Research, Practical, Social Implication:The research construct and variables are identified the effectiveness and adequacy of the internship period.this  study will be the modele of internship with a new qualitative change related to a period of time acceptable to students, similar to other universities.

Originality/Value: The originality and value in this study are the framework conceptance and questionnaire that prepared and proved for evaluating the effectiveness and adequacy of the internship period for student of radiology program.

Conclusion: In general internship period must be efficient and adequate to enhance sufficiency and efficiency experience by intern trainees.


INTRODUCTION: the incidence of anogenital condyloma acuminata in children shows remarkable increase in the last two decades, as well as by its association with sexual abuse. However, this relationship presents controversies regarding the etiology of infection, which makes answering challenging, particularly in legal-ethical aspects. OBJECTIVE: review of the literature about HPV transmission in children and relationship with sexual abuse. METHODS: synthesis of data from the query to Journal Citation Reports (JCR-ISI), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs). MeSH descriptors were used Terms with syntax (HPV [All Fields]) AND ("Child Sexual Abuse," [MeSH Terms]). Relevant articles between 1989 and 2009 were selected. Legal-ethical aspects were consulted in the criminal law and Brazilian Child and Adolescent Statute. RESULTS: different forms of non-sexual transmission of HPV in children are documented, including the vertical transmission, self and hetero inoculation of cutaneous warts, and acquisition by instruments. Studies are conflicting as to the applicability of HPV-DNA to differentiate the sexual transmission and not sexual anogenital warts. CONCLUSION: evidence indicates that in children under two years non-sexual transmission of HPV should be strongly considered in the absence of genital lesions, another STD, or consistent history of abuse. The likelihood of association between HPV and sexual abuse increases directly with age, especially after five years.


It is fashionable today to talk about learning style and teaching style. 1 However, like so many other concepts in the professional vocabulary of educators, "style" is a double-edged sword. It can be used to clarify and analyze teaching and learn ing, or it can simply "paper over" inadequate and confused thinking. Our use of "style" refers to a pervasive qual ity in the behavior of an individual, a quality that persists though the content may change. To illus trate first from areas outside of education, Presi dent Carter has a speaking style quite distinct and different from ex-presidents Kennedy, John son, or Truman. Each of them, in turn, had a dis tinctive style of his own, identifiable regardless of the changing content of his speeches. Similarily, the style of Van Gogh was pervasive and different from Gauguin or Cezanne; the style of Goolagong differs from that of Wade, King, or Navratilova. In short, in every field of endeavor, people can be identified with distinctive qualities of behavior that are consistent through time and carry over from situation to situation. So it is in education, both in teaching and in learning. Style is not to be identified with method, for people will infuse different methods with their own styles. For example, lecturing is not a style, in our conception, for people with distinctive styles will infuse their respective lectures with their own unique qualities. Thus, even when lec-


Correspondence Address: A model of a process is created using novel "fan-out' and LAW OFFICE OF UM BOCE "fan-in" symbols. A fan-out symbol represents a point in the 3839 BEE CAVE ROAD, SUITE 201 process flow where a variable number of homogeneous par WEST LAKE HILLS, TX 78746 (US) allel outgoing threads are being split out from a single incom ing thread. The fan-in symbol represents a point in the process (21) Appl. No.: 11/781,363 flow where a variable number of parallel incoming threads with homogeneous output are combined into one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 23, 2007 outgoing threads.


The acetone extract of Alismatis Rhizoma inhibited contractile responses to angiotensin I(AI) in rabbit thoracic aortic strips. Studies were conducted to identify the active principle involved. It was found to be alismol. Alismol acted dose-dependently.


The adoption and diffusion of environmental innovations (EIs) is crucial to greening the economy and achieving win-win environmental-economic gains. A large and increasing literature has focused on the levers underlying EIs that are external to the firm, such as stakeholders' pressure and policy pressure. Little attention, however, has been devoted so far to the possible role of local spatial spillovers. The latter can be very relevant since growth depends on strong idiosyncratic regional factors - such asagglomeration economies - that must be integrated with the challenges posed by global markets. To overcome this drawback of the existing literature, we analyse here a rich dataset that covers the innovative activities and economic performances of firms in the Emilia-Romagna Region in Italy, a manufacturing district-rich area. We analyse firms' performances through a two-step procedure. First, we look at the relevance of spatial levers, namely whether the agglomeration of EIs induces EIs in a given firm. Second, we test whether EIs have significantly increased firms' economic performances. As to the importance of spatial levers, the role of agglomeration turns out to be fairly local in nature:we find that spillovers are significantly inducing innovation within municipal boundaries, which is coherent with the district-based Marshallian economies of north- eastern Italy. Regarding economic performances, firms' productivity is positively related to EI adoption; in particular,firms that adopt EIs and organizational change show a better economic performance.Our findings suggest that EIscanbe a key source of growth for regional systems, particularly when spurred by local spillovers, and an important way outof the ongoing crisis.


It will be very important to take into account radioactivity which is induced in various materials when we plan to build high intensity proton accelerators. Focusing our attention on the problem of induced radioactivity in iron, we have made theoretical estimates of radiation doses, which seem to be useful for designing high intensity machines, for example, a 12 GeV 1∼30 µA proton synchrotron. Since experimental data concerning spallation cross sections are scarcely known, it is necessary to extrapolate them. The Monte Carlo calculation was applied to cascade effects for several reasons. Although a high intensity accelerator such as the 12 GeV 1 µA proton synchrotron, has not yet been built, some discussion might be possible in comparison with recent observations on induced radioactivity in iron at the CERN Proton-Synchrotron and Synchro-Cyclotron.


Respiratory diseases such as chronic pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma etc., are diseases related to the lungs which usually cause difficulty in breathing. The most common of all the diseases is COPD. Spirometry is the standard diagnostic test for diagnosing COPD. Like every other disease, COPD negatively impacts the sufferer's life, which worsens over time. This requires them to have regular spirometry tests, which are time-consuming or to buy expensive portable devices. Therefore either time or money, both are affected and highly utilized. Since there has been much advancement in the computational power of smartphones, in this work, we try to exploit this and, using built-in microphones, provide a cost-effective alternative to traditional spirometry. This paper proposes a classification system that could classify if the person has COPD or not based on the breathing audio signal. The convolutional neural network is trained and evaluated on the Respiratory Sound Database (ICBHI 2017 database). The model is then compressed using the post-training quantization technique so that it can be deployed on an edge device (smartphone, for instance). A training accuracy of 99.05% and a testing accuracy of 95.56% is achieved. The model size is reduced from an initial 44.822 Megabytes to 11.207 Megabytes which is a four times reduction.


The distribution and evolution of temperature gradient in single-heat-source and multi-heat-source furnaces are studied by numerical simulation of the temperature field in a smelting furnace for silicon carbide. X ray diffraction is used to make phase analysis and comparison of the products synthesized at different areas in the single-heat-source and multi-heat-source furnaces. The results show that in the multi-heat-source furnace the temperature field has better uniformity and the high temperature region fit for SiC growth is wider than that in the single-heat-source furnace. No high temperature aggregation zone exists in the multi-heat-source furnace,indicating more steady and safer production.


This article presents the results of a review of the literature questioning whether and to what extent computers can be used as a means of instruction for the guided acquisition of communicative writing skills in higher education. To answer this question, the present paper first explores the characteristics of acquiring these skills from a cognitive-psychological perspective, as well as the characteristics and behaviour of expert writers. On this basis, the paper then describes whether and how computer-aided instruction can relieve teachers of certain duties associated with writing instruction, allowing them more time to perform tasks which fully utilise their unique capabilities.


As the essential Chinese traditional philosophical spirit,the essence of "Integration of nature and man" is the harmonization between human and nature,so human and nature should remain in harmonious entirety.Construction of harmonious world is,in the final analysis,a topic about human beings to apply.The traditional thought of "integration of nature and man" to construction of modern library culture,in the same way as,the thought and spirit of "peole foremost" should be embodied,and humanization service and friendly and harmonious reading surroundings be offered in library work.


This paper presents the Key Factors in Knowledge Management. It is a need of the hour to big, medium, and small and all kind of organizations to cope with the challenges of knowledge management in the new century. This paper aims to identify the critical success factors and best practices of knowledge codification for knowledge management through analyzing the experiences of several organisations. The paper starts by defining what is meant by "knowledge" and "knowledge management", and follows on by presenting the knowledge processes which are at the basis of knowledge management practices. The study assumes that to evaluate the success of a Knowledge Management, are the Key Success Factors (KSFs) on the quality and quantity of the contributions to the system from the employees. Factors such as strategy, culture, information technology, people and organizational structure have arisen as key dimensions to be considered in Knowledge Management System implementation. This paper argues that a comprehensive KMS implementation framework that incorporates factors which focus on issues of strategy, structure, people and IT can benefit research, in terms of highlighting areas for further study, and practice in formulating KM strategies and in implementing KMS. In today"s business climate, competitive pressures are greater than ever. Organizations must leverage any competitive advantage to gain or maintain an edge. Or, in the midst of a shrinking economy, there is always a need to do more with less. Recently, many organizations have turned to knowledge management (KM) systems like SharePoint to create new knowledge. Some experts consider knowledge to be perhaps the only sustainable competitive advantage. With knowledge come better decisions, more efficient teams, and a commitment to learning. However, the high risk of failure is well documented which compels us to study why and then define critical success factors that are found within successful implementations.


In the early estimation there is compromise between the amounts of information available and accuracy of estimation. We propose three levels of analysis such as regional, country and project level for road cost models in order to provide efficient data usage. The data for our research was obtained from the World Bank's ROCKS database, which contains unit costs for road projects from over 80 developing countries. This paper investigates the impact of road upgrading and improvement works on overland trade in 18 out of 32 member countries of Asian Highway Network. The results indicated approximately 6.5 billion US dollars is required to upgrade roads and improve existing surface condition of the selected sub-network with total length of 15,842 km. The gravity model approach was adopted to quantitatively evaluate overland trade expansion taking into account road quality improvements with two scenarios such as road quality increases up to 50% in the first scenario in the second one up to 75%. The results suggests that in the first scenario total intra-regional trade will increase about 20 percent to 48.7 billion US dollars annually, while second scenario predicts that trade will increase by about 35 percent to 89.5 billion US dollars annually.


Previous investigations on the patterning mechanism of nanoparticle photoresists provided insight into ligand displacement exerting a controlling influence on dissolution behavior of nanoparticles in organic developers. Nanoparticle core-ligand interaction which dictates ligand displacement would ultimately translate to the sensitivity of the photoresist. The current study investigates enhancement of resist sensitivity via altering the core-ligand interaction of the nanoparticle, which further emphasizes our proposed patterning hypothesis.


This study contrasts maternal adjustments in scaffolding in a school-like learning task and in a home-like learning task within one low-income Latino population. The authors observed 12 immigrant Latino mother-child dyads performing both school-like and home-like tasks. Quantitative and qualitative analyses showed that in the home-like task, mothers purposefully scaffolded their children's learning, consistently and effectively adjusted their scaffolding to variation in task, demonstrated a greater range and variety of scaffolding strategies, and accomplished various scaffolding goals based on their social class and cultural blueprints. Implications for the integration of effective taskspecific maternal scaffolding into the design of intervention programs to support learning for immigrant Latino children are discussed.


The article reveals the educational functions of sports animation. It is noted
that sports animation affects the physical, psychological, intellectual and spiritual
development of students. The use of sports animation activities contribute to the
relief of fatigue, the ability to think creatively, the preservation and strengthening
of health, the development of personality in the team, the formation of moral and
willful and leadership qualities in children.


In this article, we report our results on 980nm high-index-contrast subwavelength grating (HCG) VCSELs for optical interconnection applications. In our structure, a thin undoped HCG layer replaces a thick p-type Bragg mirror. The HCG mirror can feasibly achieve polarization-selective reflectivities close to 100%. The investigated structure consists of a HCG mirror with an underneath λ/4-thick oxide gap, four p-type GaAlAs/GaAs pairs for current spreading, three InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells, and an n-type GaAlAs/GaAs Bragg mirror. The HCG structure was defined by e-beam lithography and dry etching. The current oxide aperture and the oxide gap underneath the HCG were simultaneously formed by the selective wet oxidation process. Compared to air-gap high contrast grating mirrors demonstrated elsewhere, our grating mirrors are particular since they are supported by thinner λ/4 aluminium oxide layer, and thus are mechanically robust and thinner than usual designs. Sub-milliamp threshold currents and single-transverse-mode operation was obtained. A hero device exhibited maximum singlemode output power of more than 4 mW at room temperature and 1 mw at 70°C, which are the highest values ever reported from the HCG structures. These results build a bridge between a standard VCSEL and a hybrid laser on silicon, making them of potential use for the realization of silicon photonics.


We present a preliminary analysis of V477 Lyr, the eclipsing central star of Abell 46. Medium-resolution spectroscopy has been obtained, providing radial-velocity measurements for both components for the first time. New V-band CCD photometry has also been obtained and the first full light-curve analysis is presented. The solution suggests M 1 =0.51±0.07 M ○. , R 1 =0.17±0.01 R ○. , M 2 =0.15±0.02 M ○. and R 2 =0.46±0.03 R ○. . Comparison of the properties of the primary component with published evolutionary tracks suggests that it may be an example of a lazy PN, where the central star is visually bright whilst the nebula itself has a low surface brightness


The TEM is a powerful analytical tool for characterization and analysis of experimental run products. It requires a very thin foil (10-100 nm) of the crystal material and pushes high energy electrons through the material for imaging, diffraction, and electron and X-ray spectroscopy. Diffraction can be used to positively identify the crystalline phases. Imaging is used to examine defect density and grain size. Electron spectroscopy is used to quantify valence states of Fe, and X-ray emission spectroscopy is used for quantitative chemical analysis. Transmission electron microscopy for this project is done at the Bavarian Geological Institute in Bayreuth, Germany. Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy is used to measure the H contents of minerals. The OH stretching vibration has a characteristic frequency that is in the infra red range, between 3000 and 4000 cm . IR absorption is measured and the spectra integrated quantitatively to obtain the amount of H in the minerals. Most silicate and oxide phases contain trace to major amounts of OH. In the upper mantle, olivine and pyroxene, which are nominally anhydrous, can incorporate up to 4000 ppm (0.4%) by weight H2O. In the transition zone wadsleyite and ringwoodite can incorporate up to 3.3 percent by weight (33,000 ppm) H2O, many times the amount of water in the hydrosphere (oceans). FTIR spectroscopy for this project is done here at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and at Bavarian Geological Institute in Germany.


This study was conducted during the academic year 2002–2003 in a municipality in Eastern Finland. It focuses on pre‐school education assessing its quality factors from the parents', teachers' and children's points of view. Theoretically, the study focuses on analyses of the purposes of the national core curriculum and pedagogical issues that are related to understanding quality in pre‐school education. According to this study, parents, pre‐school teachers, and children are satisfied with pre‐school education in general. They all emphasize its importance for children's development in the areas of cognitive and social skills and development. Results clearly show that pre‐school education should be revised to meet the needs of improvement in the area of co‐operation, the expectations of modern society, and the aims of the national curriculum. In addition, pre‐school education is still searching for its own cultural position in the area of Finnish school and daycare systems.


Educational management is a part of the university or college management. However,the effect of the educational management depends on whether the management mode is advanced or scientific. In order to maintain a healthy,stable and sustainable development of higher education,it is necessary to transform the educational management mode in line with the social development. The value orientation of educational management mode transformation should focus on students,considering the harmonious unity between the management subject,management method and its effects.


It is well known that contract incompleteness can arise from the impossibility of planning for all future contingencies in a relationship (e.g. Williamson (1975)). In this paper it is shown that whether or not such incompleteness constrains the efficiency of the contract is very sensitive to assumptions concerning the timing of the resolution of uncertainty. It is shown that when agents must respond to an unforeseen contingency before being able to renegotiate the contract, then contract complexity is a binding constraint, a case that is called ex post holdup. Secondly, it is suggested that the amount of multi-tasking can provide a measure of contract complexity. When complexity is low, contingent contracting is efficient, while subjective performance evaluation is more efficient when complexity is high. In this case the optimal contract for ex post holdup is based upon the ability of humans to make subjective judgements that are in some cases more informative than explicit performance measures. Moreover, the efficiency of the contract is not sensitive to human error per se, but is an increasing function of the correlation in judgements between the contracting parties.


In 1937 nova SCOTIA CREATED A legislative precedent in the field of Canadian labour relations. For the first time a provincial Trade Union Act gave organized workers the right to have union dues automatically deducted from their paycheques, a procedure known as the check-off.1 Yet many employers continued actively to oppose principles of union security. In 1944, Halifax Shipyards Limited, a shipbuilding subsidiary of the Montreal-based Dominion Coal and Steel Company, challenged the legality of the check-off, triggering a month-long walkout of 3,000 workers at yards in Halifax and Dartmouth. During the strike, an embattled Local No. 1, Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers of Canada (Canadian Congress of Labour), overcame worker apathy and federal government indifference to win a Nova Scotia Supreme Court decision upholding its claim to the check-off. Until this landmark ruling in early 1945, union security in Nova Scotia as stipulated in the Trade Union Act remained a hollow promise. Case studies of labour disputes from this period are surprisingly rare given the high frequency and vehemence of wartime strikes.2 Although Laurel Sefton MacDowell's study of the 1941-2 Kirkland Lake gold miners' strike shows how utterly ruthless business and government could be in resisting union recognition, those affected at Kirkland Lake represented a small group of workers in one of the few economic sectors that actually curtailed its wartime operations.3 Most


The roof together with the roof-top, which is one of the most important features among physical elements in apartment buildings has been changed in its shape and use. The physical shape of apartment roof with the roof-top structure has been changed throughout the history. It means that it has been a very important part to make skyline in the city and gives identity to the residents living in their apartment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the changing trend and the causing factors of the apartment roofs and the roof-top structure according to the physical changes of apartment shapes from the past to the present. The time span of this study is about 30 years from the middle of 1970s to present during which the supply of apartment get down to be developed mainly by private industry. To be the time distinction, it is divided by total 7 steps, every 5 years to observe the progressive changes. The apartment samples for the study were selected in Seoul. Then, 10 apartments were collected for each time period so that total 70 apartments were analyzed for the time feature. The results of this study were as follows; the roof and the roof-top structure were affected by government regulations, technical improvements and social-economic influences, in other words, the physical shape of the apartment has been the reflection of the feature of their time.


A system and method are disclosed that trigger bids for advertisement space to fulfill a specific purpose within an application. The user may access a shopping app which surfaces an advertising space/button with a special purpose such as a payment gateway. The advertiser with the maximum number of bids is selected to feature on the ad button/space. The user is then redirected to the ad site to complete the transaction. The system and method disclosed is advantageous for the advertising platform, for the shopping app by adding value to the app through ads, and the advertiser by gaining valuable new business through an advertisement. BACKGROUND Currently, mobile applications sell advertising space to companies to improve monetization. Banner ads are an example. However, the banner ads that are surfaced often do not add anything of value to the user experience shown on the screen. For example, if a shopping app were to provide advertising space in its app, a banner ad may surface that would encourage users to leave the app and engage in the advertiser's activity instead of the shopping app. The ad in this case would greatly detract from the company's goals and discourage the app maker from using the advertising services. DESCRIPTION A system and method are disclosed that triggers bids for advertisement space with specific purpose within an application. This system may include a user interacting with a cloudbased server via a device. In the method as depicted in FIG. 1, a user accesses a shopping app which surfaces an advertising space/button. The ad button surfaced to the users may have a special purpose that is associated with the shopping app. The ad button slice is selected based on 2 Krishna and Newton-dunn: Biddable Advertisement Space With Specific Purpose Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2017 bids. The advertiser with the maximum bid is selected to feature on the ad button/ space. The featured ad button is shown to the user who clicks on it to proceed further with the transaction. The user is redirected to the ad site to fulfill the special purpose, which may be for a payment gateway. FIG. 1: Method to enable biddable advertisement space with specific purpose For example, a shopping app may display a button ad to handle payments on their shopping cart page. If a payment gateway provider is the highest bidder, the ad button is rendered to that provider. The shopping cart and payment are then handled by the highest bidding advertiser. The shopping app is paid when a user makes a purchase using the advertiser's payment gateway. The advertisement generates revenue for the shopping app while adding value to the user experience. The system and method disclosed is advantageous for the advertising platform, the shopping app by adding value to the app through ads, and for the advertiser by gaining valuable new business through an advertisement. 3 Defensive Publications Series, Art. 485 [2017] http://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/485


Abstract In this work, we present an approximate model for estimating a fishbone multilateral well productivity in a five-spot well pattern producing at steady state based on the subdivision of the seepage field of a five-spot well pattern and on conformal transformation and equivalent flow resistance theories. An experimental study was conducted on an electrical analog apparatus. Experimental data were compared with the results from the model. Excellent agreement was obtained.


A new set of FIR median hybrid (FMH) filter structures which have multiple predictive substructures is studied. The focus of the study is on a particular case of the filter with five linear subfilters. The root length of the filter for square pulses is derived. A meaningful measure for pulse discrimination characteristics is introduced. The sine wave response is determined. An efficient implementation structure with a complexity independent of the filter length is shown.<<ETX>>


The company IPAC SA, was founded in the year of 1972, being its initial objective to produce open profiles of steel, then it was increasing its lines of products with pipes and plates, now we have more than 30 products that satisfy the national and international market, 3 industrial plants located in the city of Guayaquil and various points of sale and distribution nationwide. The implementation of the improvement plan aims to define procedures in the area of logistics, principles, values, mission, vision, strategies, action plans and the formulation of corrective measures in business management. For that, we proceeded to analyze the external and internal variables that make up the SWOT, strengths, opportunities, threats and weaknesses. The methodology used is the qualitative approach, observational study and by using surveys with a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience as it is a small population. The proposal consists of aligning each of the strategies with the mission of the company based on the perspectives of learning, processes, clients and more the control formats for commercial and logistic activities. The results will be evaluated in a period of one year when evaluating each action, tasks and goal. Management must be aware that any change requires improvements, updates and commitment from all involved in the company.
KEYWORDS: IMPROVEMENT PLAN / INTERNAL PROCESSES / STRATEGIC PLAN / PROCESSES / PROCEDURES / SWOT.


The objective of this work was to determine inclusion levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) in diets for male and female Colonial strain birds in the starter (from one to 28 days of age), growing (from 28 to 56 days of age) and finisher (from 56 to 84 days of age) phases reared in free-range system. In each trial, 480 birds at age corresponding to the rearing phase were housed in 24 experimental units containing areas of shelter and pasture. The experimental design used was a completely randomized in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement (NaCl levels × sex), totaling eight treatments and three replications of 20 birds. Levels of NaCl evaluated were: 0.20, 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80% in the starter phase; 0.10, 0.30, 0.50 and 0.70% in the growing phase and 0.10, 0.25, 0.40 and 0.55% in the finisher phase. It was evaluated weight gain, feed intake, water intake, feed conversion, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood, hematocrit concentration and sodium and chlorine blood levels. For the starter phase it is recommended 0.53% of NaCl level in diet for birds of both sexes. For the growing phase, the levels were 0.40 and 0.43% of NaCl, respectively, for males and females, and for the finisher phase, the level of 0.25% for birds of both sexes meets the nutritional requirements.


In an ever-changing world, evaluating and solving problems from multiple perspectives lead to greater insight and better solutions. In this issue of International Ophthalmology Clinics, ophthalmic pathologies and treatments are addressed from a variety of different viewpoints, including local and systemic, medical and surgical, anterior and posterior, and current and future technology. Systemic diseases can manifest in the eyes, and local and systemic factors can influence ophthalmic diseases. Experts on the Zika virus review the local and systemic presentations of the Zika virus in children. Ocular oncologists and retina specialists collaborated to evaluate the local and systemic management of ocular metastases and vitreoretinal surgeries in eyes with uveal melanomas. An update on the local and systemic anesthesia for ophthalmic surgeries is included. The ophthalmic and medical considerations of a relatively new allergy, alpha-gal syndrome, is discussed. From a medical and surgical perspective, the management of sickle cell retinopathy are summarized, including optimization of systemic disease. Pediatric ophthalmologists provided their perspective on the surgical and medical management of diplopia after scleral buckles, including when to operate. Anterior and posterior segment colleagues collaborated to discuss the posterior segment complications of endothelial keratoplasties, and the environmental, local and systemic endophthalmitis prophylaxes for cataract surgery are reviewed. Reflecting on current and future advances in ophthalmology, the clinical and research applications of artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are evaluated. For pediatric vitreoretinal diseases like familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, genetics and optical coherence tomography angiography have increased our understanding of the disease. The current application and controversies of stem cell therapies are discussed.


Irradiation of ethyl 2-cyano-1,2-dihydroquinoline-1-carboxylates (Reissert compounds) gives ethyl N-[o-(3-cyanoallenyl)phenyl]carbamats, which are readily converted into ethyl 2-cyanomethylindole-1-carboxylates by treatment with alumina.


We have investigated magnetic properties of ErB 2 C 2 which is an isostructural compound of the antiferroquadrupolar ordering materials, DyB 2 C 2 and HoB 2 C 2 , by magnetisation and neutron diffraction measurements. ErB 2 C 2 shows magnetic transitions at T N = 15.9 K and T t = 13.0 K. The magnetic structure of the ground state is a simple Ising-type antiferromagnetic one with a propagation vector of k =(1, 0, 0). The intermediate phase between T N and T t under zero magnetic field is a long range magnetic ordered state with a transverse sinusoidal modulation with a propagation vector of (1+δ, δ, 0), where δ=0.1120(2) which is nearly the same as that in phase IV in HoB 2 C 2 .


Measurement of movements of chest wall and abdomen Sub Title Author 南谷, 晴之(Minamitani, Haruyuki) Publisher 慶応義塾大学藤原記念工学部 Publication year 1968 Jtitle Proceedings of the Fujihara Memorial Faculty of Engineering Keio University (慶応義塾大学藤原記念工学部研究報告). Vol.21, No.86 (1968. ) ,p.168(40)168(40) Abstract Notes Summaries of Doctor and Master Theses Genre Departmental Bulletin Paper URL http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=KO50001004-00210086 -0055


Importance
Several studies have evaluated cardioprotective strategies to prevent myocardial dysfunction in patients who are receiving cardiotoxic therapies. However, the optimal approach still represents a controversial issue.

Objective
To determine whether pharmacological cardioprevention could reduce subclinical heart damage in patients with breast cancer who are being treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Design, Setting, and Participants
The SAFE trial was a 4-arm, randomized, phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, national multicentric study conducted at 8 oncology departments in Italy. It was a prespecified interim analysis on the first 174 patients who had completed cardiac assessment at 12 months. The study recruitment was conducted between July 2015 and June 2020. The interim analysis was performed in 2020. Patients were eligible for trial inclusion if they had indication to receive primary or postoperative systemic therapy using an anthracycline-based regimen. Patients with a prior diagnosis of cardiovascular disease were excluded.

Interventions
Cardioprotective therapy (bisoprolol, ramipril, or both drugs compared with placebo) was administered for 1 year from the initiation of chemotherapy or until the end of trastuzumab therapy in case of ERBB2-positive patients. Doses for all groups were systematically up-titrated up to the daily target dose of bisoprolol (5 mg, once daily), ramipril (5 mg, once daily), and placebo, if tolerated.

Main Outcomes and Measures
The primary end point was defined as detection of any subclinical impairment (worsening ≥10%) in myocardial function and deformation measured with standard and 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and global longitudinal strain (GLS).

Results
The analysis was performed on 174 women (median age, 48 years; range, 24-75 years) who had completed a cardiological assessment at 12 months and reached the end of treatment. At 12 months, 3D-LVEF worsened by 4.4% in placebo arm and 3.0%, 1.9%, 1.3% in the ramipril, bisoprolol, ramipril plus bisoprolol arms, respectively (P = .01). Global longitudinal strain worsened by 6.0% in placebo arm and 1.5% and 0.6% in the ramipril and bisoprolol arms, respectively, whereas it was unchanged (0.1% improvement) in the ramipril plus bisoprolol arm (P < .001). The number of patients showing a reduction of 10% or greater in 3D-LVEF was 8 (19%) in the placebo arm, 5 (11.5%) in the ramipril arm, 5 (11.4%) in the bisoprolol, arm and 3 (6.8%) in the ramipril plus bisoprolol arm; 15 patients (35.7%) who received placebo showed a 10% or greater worsening of GLS compared with 7 (15.9; ramipril), 6 (13.6%; bisoprolol), and 6 (13.6%; ramipril plus bisoprolol) (P = .03).

Conclusions and Relevance
The interim analysis of this randomized clinical trials suggested that cardioprotective pharmacological strategies in patients who were affected by breast cancer and were receiving an anthracycline-based chemotherapy are well tolerated and seem to protect against cancer therapy-related LVEF decline and heart remodeling.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT2236806.


Workers are more demanding than ever and stay a shorter amount of time within the same organization. For this reason we wanted to look further into how organizations work with motivation in order to create success in Knowledge Intensive Firms. The complexity of knowledge workers formed the base for our interest within the subject. The purpose of our thesis is to reflect upon what is written about the motivational effects of recruitment and reward strategies in Knowledge Intensive Firms. Further our essay is based on an abductive advocacy. Where we during our analysis we have been using a reflexive approach where we have always tried to challenge our existing interpretations. The empirical foundation consists of 9 scientific articles which is related to our purpose and were published in reliable journals. Additionally motivational theories developed by Maslow, Hertzberg and Vroom but also theory connected with the content of reward systems as well as recruitment strategies constitutes out frame of references. The result of our analysis showed that Knowledge Intensive Firms have to develop strong recruitment strategies and reward systems in order to lay the foundation for motivation. But still it is not these separate tools alone that will make the main difference in the effort of motivating knowledge workers. The mystery of motivation in knowledge intensive firms is instead the overall understanding of different cultural aspects.


The colonoscopy is the most reliable method for monitoring the digestive tract. Colonography can detect a variety of conditions, including polyps in the colon. Despite advancements in technology, many colorectal polyps still go undetected in the early stages. When polyps are detected at an early stage, the severity of the disease can be mitigated with the use of polyp segmentation. Coherence transfer and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization were two of the image pre-processing approaches used by the researchers in this work to address these issues. Following this, a U-Net based deep learning segmentation model was utilized to isolate the polyp in the image. Using a bottleneck attention module and a residual network, the BAMRes encoder-decoder component of the Unet framework's architecture is combined with feature concatenation on the same layer. With the publicly accessible Kvasir-SEG dataset, we were able to empirically validate the model, which yielded a dice coefficient of 92.27%.


Objective To observe the pathogenic bacteria species and drug resistance of AECOPD patients.Methods Collected the sputum cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility test results of 258 AECOPD inpatients.Results Isolated 142 strains of pathogenic bacteria from sputum samples,among which,major are gram-negative bacteria(G-)(76.1%),gram positive bacteria(G+)(19.7%),candida albicans accounts for 4.2%.Effective antibiotics for gram-negative bacteria include carbon green enzyme of alkenes,piperacillin/sulbactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,Cefepime and amy card star,etc.Gram-positive bacteria showed a low resistance to vancomycin,teicoplanin,linezolid.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria for respiratory infection of AECOPD is gram negative bacteria,it is necessary to reasonably choose antibiotics according to antimicrobial susceptibility test results.


Homogeneous nucleation with arbitrary preexisting nuclei distribution is studied in the limit of a high nucleation barrier. An asymptotically exact expression for the time-dependent nuclei flux at the critical size is obtained.


This paper studies the quantized preview controller design problem for networked AGV (Autonomous Guided Vehicle) systems with data dropout. The nonlinear AGV path tracking system is transformed into a linear parameter varying (LPV) model, and an augmented system is established by taking into account both the path tracking model and the preview model. The influence of data dropout on path tracking accuracy is minimized and the closed-loop systems is stabilized through satisfying certain inequality conditions, which can be solved readily through LMI toolbox. At last, the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper is verified by Carsim/Simulink joint simulation.


A version of the Seeded Region Growing approach for the automatic recognition of coastal upwelling from Sea Surface Temperature (SST) images is proposed. Our algorithm, derived from an approximation clustering model derives a homogeneity criterion in the format of a product rather than the conventional difference between a pixel value and the mean of values over the region of interest. It involves a boundary-oriented pixel labelling so that the cluster growing is performed by expanding its boundary iteratively. We introduce a self-tuning version of the algorithm in which the homogeneity threshold is locally derived from the approximation criterion over a window around the pixel under consideration. The window serves as a boundary regularizer. The algorithm has been applied to a set of 28 SST images of the western coast of mainland Portugal, and compared against a supervised version fine-tuned by maximizing the F-measure with respect to manually labelled ground-truth maps. The areas built by the unsupervised version of our algorithm are significantly coincident over the ground-truth regions in the cases at which the upwelling areas consist of a single continuous fragment of the SST map.


The thesis consists of four articles and this summarizing part. All parts have focused on bringing some insights into how to design a didactical situation including dynamic software (GeoGebra) to s ...


Ce(Cu/sub 1-x/Ga/sub x/)/sub 2/ compounds with x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.75 and 1.0 were prepared and found to crystallize in the orthorhombic CeCu/sub 2/ structure up to the composition x=0.6, whereas for higher Ga content the hexagonal AlB/sub 2/ structure is formed. We report on specific-heat, electrical-resistivity and magnetic-susceptibility measurements. Furthermore, the specific heat was measured in magnetic fields up to 5 T and the development of the magnetic moments and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy were studied measuring the high-field magnetization in magnetic fields up to 35 T. For CeCu/sub 2/-based compounds, the high-field magnetization results reveal a decrease of the ordered moment with increasing Ga content, which can be understood in terms of an increased 4f-ligand hybridization. The strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy observed in all samples changes from uniaxial type for x/spl les/0.2 to multiaxial type for x>0.2. Specific-heat measurements reveal the temperatures of magnetic ordering first to decrease from 3.5 K for CeCu/sub 2/ to a temperature below 1.3 K for CeCu/sub 1.6/Ga/sub 0.4/ and then to increase again to 2.1 K for CeCu/sub 0.8/Ga/sub 1.2/. A development of Kondo-like behaviour was observed in the electrical resistivity. >


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the related factors of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents from Korean multicultural families, thereby helping to reduce the prevalence rate of oral disease. Methods: The subjects were 710 multicultural adolescents recruited using a web-based survey, National 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior, from the Korean Center for Disease Control. A multicultural family was defined in this study as one having an immigrant mother or father. Oral symptoms included dental caries and periodontal disease. Toothache was defined as a symptom of dental caries. Tender or bleeding gums were defined as symptom of periodontal disease. For statistical analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21.0 for Windows was used. Descriptive analysis and a Chi-square test were conducted to determine the factors associated with general characteristics, health behavior, and oral health behavior. Finally, to investigate the associations among oral disease symptoms, logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Toothache was significantly higher in female 1.52 (95% CI; 1.45-1.60), high school 1.23 (95% CI; 1.18-1.28), women school 1.10 (95% CI; 1.05-1.16), individuals with poor economic status 1.45 (95% CI; 1.30-1.52), and participants who consumed alcohol 1.32 (95% CI; 1.27-1.37). Toothache related to perceived health status was significantly lower in the healthy group 0.69 (95% CI; 0.64-0.75), and was higher in usual stress group 1.65 (95% CI; 1.57-1.74). Gum bleeding was significantly higher in female 1.32 (95% CI; 1.27-1.37), high school 1.15 (95% CI; 1.10-1.19), and individuals with poor economic status 1.38 (95% CI; 1.27-1.50). Gum bleeding related to perceived health status was significantly lower in the healthy group 0.68 (95% CI; 0.63-0.74), and was higher in usual stress group 1.54 (95% CI; 1.46-1.62). Conclusions: Taking into account of social and economic levels, and dietary habits in the multicultural families adolescents, further education and support will be needed for oral disease prevention and early treatment.


patient of unsound mind will have been allowed to make an advance directive, which again goes beyond anything proposed by the England and Wales Law Commission or extant in United States law. But unfortunately the publishers of Final Choices have made no attempt whatsoever to tailor the book to these rapid and important changes in English law. This greatly limits the book's utility to dying people and those who care for them. Final Choices is a fair-minded and well-meaning attempt by a clinician to extend choice and control to patients. It deserves applause for its intentions, but it is a shame that it falls down so often on the necessary factual detail for a British audience.


In this paper we present a highly efficient algorithm to automatically generate circuit synthesizable dynamical models for passive multiport structures. The algorithm is based on a natural convex relaxation of the original nonconvex problem of modeling multiport devices from frequency response data, subject to global passivity constraints. The algorithm identifies a collection of first and second order passive networks interconnected in either series or parallel fashion. Passive models for several multiport structures, including Wilkinson type combiners, power and ground distribution grids and coupled on-chip inductors are provided to corroborate the theoretical development and show efficacy of the implemented algorithm. To demonstrate the practical usage of our algorithm, the identified models are also interfaced with commercial simulators and used to perform time domain simulations while being connected to highly nonlinear power amplifiers.


We propose an extremum seeking control law for a driftless control-affine system with a state-dependent real-valued output function. The purpose of the control law is to asymptotically stabilize th...


Abstract Gateshead International Festival of Theatre (GIFT) is an annual festival of contemporary performance in Gateshead, in the North East of England. It was founded in 2011 to provide a platform for contemporary performance in the region and as a creative response to Gateshead town centre's redevelopment. It includes performances, workshops, discussions, and other informal ways for artists and audiences to come together.


Possibilities MLA Annual Meeting 2018, Portland, OR February 2, 2018 Summary written by Felicia Piscitelli, Texas A & M University Session presenters: Casey A. Mullin, Western Washington University; Gary Strawn, Northwestern University In this session, Casey Mullin articulated a need to convert Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) in existing catalog records into form, genre and media of performance terms better suited to music, and Gary Strawn discussed a tool he has developed to accomplish this task. The necessity for this conversion and the difficulties it would entail were emphasized rather than the specifics of assigning faceted terms.


Abstract Copulas are appealing tools in multivariate probability theory and statistics. Nevertheless, the transfer of this concept to infinite dimensions entails some nontrivial topological and functional analytic issues, making a deeper theoretical understanding indispensable toward applications. In this short work, we transfer the well-known property of compactness of the set of copulas in finite dimensions to the infinite-dimensional framework. As an application, we prove Sklar's theorem in infinite dimensions via a topological argument and the notion of inverse systems.


Information technology is an information that is formed in detail and simply by going through the delivery process from the sender to the recipient with a fast process. The role of libraries in this information technology era is very helpful for librarians and users. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method using descriptive research and data collection by using interviews, observation and literature review. The object of this research study is Bina Sriwijaya College. Mastery and application of information technology at Bina Sriwijaya College can be said to still use the old way. The use of information technology for user needs is still in the process of digitizing. The development of a digital library or e-library for library management staff can help work in the library through the function of the library automation system.


This paper describes a new co-design technique for early stages of the design process called Embodied Narratives. The technique leverages children's natural playfulness to inspire and motivate the design process, and it uses technology as a part of the process to encourage exploration and improvisation in familiar settings. Its outcome is not the final design but valuable material for further co-design activities. The paper expands the set of available techniques that can be used for co-designing with children, and contributes to growing research on the use of performances in design through empirical studies conducted with 36 children from age 10 to 11.


This paper explores the feasibility of using the heat pipe for steam condensation. In this paper an attempt is made to replace thousands of condenser tubes by hundreds of "Heat Pipes".The design details of heat pipe, that is, material of heat pipe, heat pipe length, diameter of heat pipe for condensation purpose is described. The feasibility study was carried out for smooth operation of the heat pipe that is without ceasing during operation. Experimental setup and results of steam condensation studies are presented.


The present paper establishes that the ratio between the XRD pulse counts of cement clinkers at d=0.278 and 0.274 nm bears a distinct relationship with the degree of sintering of the clinker, which is one of the factors that determine the cement quality. The paper also presents a rapid and accurate method for predicting both 3- and 28-day compressive strength (CCS) of cement mortar cubes based on XRD of the cement clinkers. The method is based on an index Xn derived from the XRD pulse counts at d=0.2959 and 0.287 nm corresponding to alite (hkl=202) and belite (hkl=102) phases of the clinker, respectively. The regression equation derived for a particular plant is (1) 3 day CCS=Xn×240 kg/cm2, when Xn<1 and 240+26 (Xn−1) kg/cm2, when Xn>1, where Xnmaximum=5.5. (2) 28 day CCS=C+C×In/100, where C=3 days CCS estimated by XRD (1), In=90−10Xn, where Xnmax=5.5. Calculated CCS values, in average, vary from the conventional test values by +5.9% to −5.4% and +3.8% to −3.5% in cases of 3- and 28-day CCS, respectively.


Rooted cuttings from 30 clones of western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) were established in a field trial in northwest Oregon. A secondary cloning approach was used to partition C effect...


In a family planning (FP) center during 1986-87 in the course of a period of 20 months 5959 visits were recorded. 1440 women received contraceptives after measuring the luteinizing hormone level in those under 18 or over 45 to establish ovulation. 781 were fitted with IUDs, 623 got oral contraceptives (OCs), and 36 chose the diaphragm. The pregnancy rate was .8% with the IUD in the course of 1 year. 38.6% of women using pills had chlamydia antibodies vs. 3.3% of IUD users. ON the other hand, in the smears of 43.3% of IUD users vs. only 14% of pill users streptococcus beta hymolyticus and Escherichia coli were found. IUDs with copper produced more complications (73.1%) such as bleeding (87%) and expulsion (62.5%) than IUDs without copper (total complication rate of 26.8%; 27.2% because of pregnancy and 37.5% as a result of expulsions). 2.9% of IUD users had to quit it because of metrorrhagia. The continuation rate was 88.1% with the IUD and 98.5% with the pill. 94.7% of women using OCs were not married. In young women OCs may negatively affect the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovarial axis with potential future sterility. In women over 45 IUD-induced bleeding can disguise bleeding from a precancerous cystadenoma. The FP center screens women with risk factors and side effects for contraceptives, provides contraceptive advice, and carries out microbiological examinations for those with vaginal infections.


For my bachelor's thesis I have chosen municipality development programme for Drnovice. The thesis is divided into the two parts, theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part considers explanation of the basic definitions. The practical part includes socioeconomic analysis of the municipality for what the SWOT analysis concurs. The SWOT analysis is a foundation for the municipal strategy, where the based on the analysis results will be determined strategic targets, proposed countermeasures to improve the situation of the municipality and the catalogue of project will be settled.


As the backbone of Chinese people in Sino-Japanese War,the CPC raised the banner of China United Front in the emergency moment of the nation,which not only led to reunion of CPC and Kuomintang Party,a political basis of later victory,but also called for the growth of other Chinese democratic parties,elevated the enthusiasm of the Chinese people against Japanese,and made contribution in the diplomatic activites of CPC.


The roll-out of the 30 hours offer in September has been met with a mixed reaction in the sector. Charlotte Goddard speaks to chains of various sizes to find out how they are coping with delivery


Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are able to achieve autonomous flight without drivers, and UAV has been a key tool to extract space data. Therefore, how to detect the trajectories of targets from UAV aerial image sequences is of great importance. Because local features are suitable to detect target tracking, we exploit scaleinvariant feature transform (SIFT) features to describe the interesting keypoints of targets. The main innovation of this paper is to utilize Multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) algorithm to track an object (target) in a series of image sequences. Particularly, we develop a MHT framework based on a multidimensional assignment formulation and a sliding time window policy. To obtain target tracking from UAV aerial image sequences, three steps should be done, that is, 1) Breaking each track set into tracklet at a specific time, 2) Estimating the association cost of each track set, 3) Merging trajectory fragments to a longer one iteratively. Finally, we collect several UAV aerial image sequences with different target density to construct a dataset, and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Pneumonia is an acute infection of lung tissue caused by
inflammation of the lung parenchyma and compaction exudates in
the lung tissue caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Based on the
clinical and epidemiological data, pneumonia can be divided into
community-acquired pneumoniae (CAP) and hospital acquired
pneumoniae (HAP). In Indonesia, Riskesdas reported that the
incidence of pneumonia increased from 2.1% in 2007 to 2.7% in
2013. Increased use of antibiotics was associated with increased
risk of microbial resistance.
This study aimed to review the antibiotics usage in
pediatric patiens diagnosed with pneumonia and to identify the
drug-related problems that might occur. A retrospective study was
conducted to collect data from January 1st to Desember 31st, 2016.
Inclusion criteria included pediatric patients aged 0-14 years
admitted to the hospital with either CAP or HAP with or without
other comorbids and received antibiotics. Research protocol was
ethically approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee.
There were 28 patients included in the study with females
(61%) more than males (39%), aged 1 month to 2 years. Most of
patients got duration of treatment less than 7 days (71%), while
others were 7-14 days (24%). No microbiological cultures were
obtained from patients. Single antibiotic therapy were ampicillin
(50%), ceftriaxone (20.7%), cefotaxime (6.9%), chloramphenicol
(10.7%). Combination antibiotic therapy were gentamicinampicillin
(32.14%), and ampicillin-sulbactam (3.4%). The
empiric antibiotic therapy regimens were ampicillin 4x250-600
mg, gentamicin 1x20-60 mg, ceftriaxone 2x350-1000 mg,cefotaxime 3x200-400 mg, chloramphenicol 3x100 mg and 4x125
mg, ampicillin-sulbactam 4x500 mg. All antibiotics were
administered mostly by intravenous injection bolus, intermitten or
infusion. Drug-drug interactions was cloramphenicol-ceftriaxone
and side effect of gentamicin potential.
All empiric antibiotic therapy regimens either in single or
combination were in accordance with national or hospital
guidelines.


The effects of airflow rate,hydraulic retention time,sludge inoculation concentration and trace elements on biofilm formation on carrier surface in an internal loop three phase biofluidized bed were studied.The results show that 0.384L/min of airflow rate,shorter HRT(HRT4h) and smaller inoculation concentration can be beneficial to the rapid biofilm formation.The method of rapid clean up of sludge can make the success of start up of the reactor.The effect of trace elements of zinc and nickel on biofilm formation is smaller.


Some patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated by antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) can develop typical atrial flutter, but the mechanism is not clear. This study included 21 patients with AF. Group I (n = 7) had typical atrial flutter due to amiodarone therapy. Group II (n = 7) did not develop atrial flutter after amiodarone treatment. Group III (n = 7) did not receive AAD treatment. A 7 Fr, 20‐pole electrode catheter was placed along the CT identified by fluoroscopy and intracardiac echocardiography. After restoration of the sinus rhythm, decremental pacing near the CT was performed until 2 to 1 atrial capture. Complete transverse conduction block was defined as the appearance of double potentials with opposite activation sequence along the CT. Focal transverse conduction delay was defined as the appearance of double potentials at ≥ 2 recording sites. Focal transverse conduction delay was observed during pacing at the cycle length of 693 ± 110 ms in group I, 360 ± 97 ms in group II and 343 ± 109 ms in group III (P = 0.001). Complete transverse conduction block was observed during pacing at the cycle length of 391 ± 118 ms in group I and 231 ± 23 ms in group II (P = 0.001), but not in group III. In conclusion, focal transverse conduction delay in the CT was common in patients with AF. A predisposition to the line of the conduction block in the CT might contribute to the conversion of AF to typical atrial flutter due to amiodarone therapy. (PACE 2003; 26:2241–2246)


Introduction: Can the conditions for a successful enhancement or sea ranching be defined? Section 1: Theoretical considerations: Recruitment limitation as the theoretical basis for stock enhancement Ecological framework for enhancement potentials Genetic considerations in enhancement and ranching of marine and anadromous species Genetic diversity and the Norwegian sea ranching programme: an evaluation Rationale for an experimental approach to stock enhancement with examples from Hawaii Section 2: Geographic overviews: Marine ranching, a global perspective Outline of sea farming in Japan Effectiveness of Japan's stock enhancement programs: current perspectives How can stock enhancement and sea ranching help sustain and increase coastal fisheries? Section 3: Species studies: 3.1 Salmonides: Enhancement program and stock management of salmonid populations in Japan Distribution, migration and growth in the North Pacific Ocean of Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) produced from the lacustrine form May stocking programs effect the predator stocks and decrease the survival of the wild Atlantic salmon juveniles? 3.2 Marine fish: Release strategy for Japanese flounder fry in stock enhanchement programs Fish quality and stock effectiveness: behavioural approach To what extent should stock enhancement be used to improve the finfish catch rates of Western Australian recreational fishers? Enhancement of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) on the Faroe Island Fjord-ranching of cod in Iceland: effects of a long-term experimental feeding on the nutritional condition and growth rate of wild cod (Gadus morhua L.) in a small fjord on the East coast of Iceland Enahcnement studies of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) in an exposed coastal area in western Norway Enhancement studies of coastal cod (Gadus morhua L.) in Nord-Trondelag, Norway Sea-ranching of Atlantic cod (GAdus morhua L.): effects of release strategy on survival Migration, growth and survival in stocked and wild cod (Gadus morhua L.) in the Vestfjord region, north Norway Movement pattern and growth of hatchery-reared and wild cod (Gadus morhua) in a high0latitude enhancement area Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo as predators in a cod Gadus morhua enhancement area in north Norway Anti-predator behaviour in hatchery-reared and wild juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), and the effects of predator training 3.3 Crustaceans: Approaches to reseeding penaeid prawns Research and development of prawn stock enhancement programs in Taiwan Northern Adriatic beachrock outcrops: restocking and enhancing depleted stocks of European lobster, Homarus gammarus (L.) (Decapoda, Nephropidae) Stock enhancement of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) A large-scale experiment off the south-western Norway (Kvitsoy) 3.4 Molluscs and other invertebrates: Scallop seabed cultivation in Europe Restocking of giant clams: progress, problems and potential. (Part contents)


Plukenetia volubilis Linneo (Sacha Inchi) is a new type of oil crop. Its seeds contain 35% to 60% oil and 23% to 30% protein. In South America, there has been a history of 3,000 years, mainly eating Plukenetia volubilis oil or roasted Plukenetia volubilis leaves, but the utilization rate of Plukenetia volubilis protein has not been high. This paper compared the protein components of Plukenetia volubilis from different regions, summarized the research progress in product development and material extraction, and introduced its research in food, medicine and health care products, etc. Finally, it looked forward to the future research, development and utilization of Plukenetia volubilis protein processing technology.


In the study of problem solving methods, problems have been classified into two broad categories:Structured Problems - for which it is possible to formulate one or more algorithms to find a solution of the problem.Ill-Structured Problems - in which, finding a solution is only possible through the application of a set of general rules and strategies.


An algorithm is obtained and a simulation of an electronic counting universal Converter is performed in the MultiSim environment. An electronic circuit has been developed that implements the functions of "smart" resistive, capacitive and inductive sensors. A study was conducted and results were obtained that allow us to positively evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed devices. Issues of increasing the functionality of smart sensors by including universal second-order filters, such as links with multi-loop feedback and a structure with finite gain, are considered. The transfer functions of low -, high -, and intermediate-frequency filters are given.