The imperal official system has been paid much attention to,but the function of petty officials entitled Lixu has been neglected. Lixu was an important component of the feudal bureaucracy.In the Song Dynasty there were different Kinds of Lixu because of the complexity and the political structure and administration.These petty officials did all kind of administrative work,serving as the functionaries of state orgnizations.


In June of 1996, the Board of Education of the Waterloo School District, which is considered an urban school district, requested that all externally funded programs be reviewed. This included the Expanded Learning Program (ELP). The emphasis was to determine strengths and needs of ELP and the needs of gifted students in the regular classroom. A committee was formed, composed of ELP staff and parents of identified gifted students, who developed surveys which were sent to all ELP parents (K-12), all identified students, (K-12), and selected classroom teachers and specialists (K-8). Data were compiled and summarized according to (1) major strengths, (2) major concerns, and (3) recommendations. A final review resulted in three major findings. The survey revealed that the majority of parents, students, and teachers were supportive of the ELP program and felt it needed to continue. Most also felt that it was a good source of challenge for high ability students. A third major finding was that both parents and students felt gifted students need opportunities to be with other gifted learners. These findings produced the following recommendations. First, gifted students will be given the opportunity be with other gifted learners. Second, better communication between ELP faculty and parents and regular classroom teachers is necessary to promote a better understanding of gifted children, ELP, and other means of gifted programming. Third, gifted students need challenging academic experiences in the regular classroom such as curriculum compacting and acceleration. Finally, the senior high school expanded learning program needs to be reviewed. The project concluded with the outlining of a suggested action plan. This open access graduate research paper is available at UNI ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/grp/291 BUILDING AND IMPLEMENTING A PROGRAM REVIEW FOR GIFTED EDUCATION IN AN URBAN SCHOOL DISTRICT


RESULTS ARE PRESENTED OF A SERIES OF FULL-SCALE TESTS PERFORMED TO EVALUATE DESIGN PROCEDURES, DETERMINE ULTIMATE STRENGTHS, AND ANSWER OTHER DESIGN QUESTIONS CONCERNING PRESTRESSED CONCRETE I-BEAMS. TO PROVIDE THIS INFORMATION SEVERAL BEAMS BOTH WITH AND WITHOUT COMPOSITELY ACTING ROADWAY SLABS WERE TESTED IN MOMENT, SHEAR, AND TORSION. DATA FROM THESE TESTS ARE RECORDED AND DISCUSSED AND SOME CONCLUSIONS ARE DRAWN. THESE TESTS WILL PROVIDE USEFUL INFORMATION FOR BRIDGE DESIGNERS AND ALSO SERVE AS A BASIS FOR PLANNING FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS AND TESTS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE I-BEAMS. /AUTHOR/


Multi-robot patrolling is the potential application for robotic systems to survey wide areas efficiently without human burdens and mistakes. However, such systems have few examples of real-world applications due to their lack of human predictability. This paper proposes an algorithm: Local Reactive (LR) for multi-robot patrolling to satisfy both needs: (i)patrol efficiently and (ii)provide humans with better situation awareness to enhance system predictability. Each robot operating according to the proposed algorithm selects its patrol target from the local areas around the robot's current location by two requirements: (i)patrol location with greater need, (ii)report its achievements to the base station. The algorithm is distributed and coordinates the robots without centralized control by sharing their patrol achievements and degree of need to report to the base station. The proposed algorithm performed better than existing algorithms in both patrolling and the base station's situation awareness.


ABSTRACT This article examines the socio-cultural dynamics of redistributive land reform on the 'new generation' after Zimbabwe's fast track land reform programme (FTLRP). Firstly, using the transformative social policy conceptual framework (TSP) as a heuristic and evaluative tool, it makes a conceptual contribution that land and agrarian reforms are a social policy instrument that can transform the welfare and wellbeing of citizens. This marks a departure from conservative ideologies and doctrines on welfare which have seen social policies having a neo-liberal orientation which wrongly assume that the welfare needs of citizens are met through the market. Secondly, it presents field-based evidence which shows that for the new generation, land reform has transformed socio-economic and cultural relations while enhancing their productive capacities. The article is informed by data which was gathered from Goromonzi District. It employed an interpretive research paradigm and a qualitative life history approach which entailed the use of several data-gathering instruments. Findings suggest that in addition to the generational transfer of land, there are some outcomes of the FTLRP which have not been subjected to rigorous empirical interrogation. Due to the FTLRP, it shows that in the resettlement areas; cultures, rituals and traditions are being undertaken by the new generation. These practices are of sentimental, symbolic and practical significance creating a bond and sense of identity between resettled households and the land. From a TSP perspective, it can be shown that access to land has had multiple-interrelated outcomes which include production, reproduction, protection, redistribution and social cohesion outcomes.


Trafficking in persons is a major problem that intersects many facets of society, including the legal system, law enforcement, and healthcare. While some elements of American society have been active in improving awareness and action against trafficking in persons, healthcare has been slow to adopt standardized education and training about this population. There remains some ambiguity regarding how to identify these victims, but some understanding of screening can be correlated from literature surrounding intimate partner violence. An understanding of what is known of the epidemiology, combined with evidence of efficacy of screening techniques for other vulnerable populations, supports targeted screening. Emergency medicine as the front line of the healthcare system has a unique opportunity to access these vulnerable patients and connect them with services. With a review of easily accessible literature, training, and legal documents, we make a case for a comprehensive training program for emergency medicine residents. Our recommended training would include epidemiology of the populations involved, screening and interviewing, training and practice, understanding of ways to access local resources, and education around risk factors and indicators to help identify victims.


Prediction of surface-related multiples using 2D algorithms (e.g., surface-related multiple elimination or SRME) is now routine in data processing. There are, however, many situations in which 2D assumptions are invalid, and these algorithms fail to remove the multiples effectively.


Recycle economy is a new economy relative to traditional economy.And new countryside construction is also new to China.It seems that there is no any connection between the recycle economy and the new countryside construction.However,based on analysis of concepts,targets and internal relationships,the deep mechanisms and influence methods between them are shown as that the development of recycle economy promotes the intensification of new countryside construction and the ecological protection of the construction of new socialist countryside and supports the idea of"focusing on people".Therefore,this article gives a new construction mode that is"new countryside recycle economy system".This system emphasizes the idea of"focus on people"and the target of increasing farmers income,developing agriculture sustainably,taking on a new look of countryside and solving the three-dimensional rural issues.


The autoinflammatory syndromes are an emerging group of diseases, some with defined genetic cause, characterised by seemingly unprovoked inflammation which derives from a disruption of innate immunity. Novel as yet undefined syndromes are increasingly recognised in consanguineous families who may have normal parents and both affected and unaffected offspring. This type of family is ideal for genetic mapping as both copies of the (presumed recessive) disease causing alleles are likely to have originated in a recent shared common ancestor, and may be linked with markers which will be homozygous in the affected children. In this thesis affected and unaffected offspring and parents in three first-cousin Pakistani families were genotyped with Illumina 610 SNP arrays. This data was used for homozygosity mapping and parametric multipoint linkage analysis. For the first family, a 5Mb region was identified from this mapping. Candidate genes were chosen by members of an expert panel and the exons of these genes were Sanger sequenced. DNA from the entire homozygous region linked to the disease locus (5Mb) was captured using a custom designed 385k array from Nimblegen and then resequenced using the Illumina Genome Analyser II, revealing over 50 coding change variants. These entered a filtering process involving: the selection of rare variants and screening of extended family members, ethnically matched controls and disease controls, and the exclusion of unlikely candidates. This ultimately identified two missense variants of interest in two genes in family A, a novel variant in MEFV the gene affected in Familial Mediterranean Fever, and a variant in TNF Receptor Associated Protein 1 gene TRAP1. The potential contribution of disrupting of the function of these genes to the pathogenesis was assessed using siRNA knockdown in HeLa and THP1 cells. Outcomes assessed include levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are central to many inflammatory processes, and cytokine production. This suggested that TRAP1 may be involved through elevated ROS and TNFα secretion.


Dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are rare intracranial vascular malformations, consisting of communications between dural venous arteries and sinuses, meningeal veins, cortical veins, or combinations thereof. In most cases the etiology is unknown. The clinical presentation is determined by the location and mainly by the drainage pattern. The recognition of this rare clinical entity is essential for an early diagnosis and intervention, to avoid the potentially serious complications of the disease, such as, intracranial hypertension, vascular dementia, hemorrhage, among others.


Abstract Isolates of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) obtained from three greenhouses in Ukraine have been identified. The rabbit antisera have been generated for these isolates. These antisera can be used for diagnostics of CGMMV in plant material by indirect ELISA. Analysis of cDNA sequences of capsid protein of these viruses confirmed that they may be grouped into novel strain of CGMMV.


This is a final report on the accomplishments during the period of the NASA grant. The work on inference servers accomplished the integration of the SLANG logic (Specware's default specification logic) with a number of inference servers in order to make their complementary strengths available. These inverence servers are (1) SNARK. (2) Gandalf, Setheo, and Spass, (3) the Prototype Verification System (PVS) from SRI. (4) HOL98. We designed and implemented MetaSlang, an ML-like language, which we are using to specify and implement all our logic morphisms.


In this paper, we specifically look at the image-text retrieval problem. Recent multimodal frameworks have shown that structured inputs and fine-tuning lead to consistent performance improvement. However, this paradigm has been challenged recently with newer Transformer-based models that can reach zero-shot state-of-the-art results despite not explicitly using structured data during pre-training. Since such strategies lead to increased computational resources, we seek to better understand their role in image-text retrieval by analyzing visual and text representations extracted with three multimodal frameworks – SGM, UNITER, and CLIP. To perform such analysis, we represent a single image or text as low-dimensional linear subspaces and perform retrieval based on subspace similarity. We chose this representation as subspaces give us the flexibility to model an entity based on feature sets, allowing us to observe how integrating or reducing information changes the representation of each entity. We analyze the performance of the selected models' features on two standard benchmark datasets. Our results indicate that heavily pre-training models can already lead to features with critical information representing each entity, with zero-shot UNITER features performing consistently better than fine-tuned features. Furthermore, while models can benefit from structured inputs, learning representations for objects and relationships separately, such as in SGM, likely causes a loss of crucial contextual information needed to obtain a compact cluster that can effectively represent a single entity.


Abstract: This study invеstigatе whеthеr еducatеd Bеninеsе utilizе morе banking sеrvicеs (N=73,086). Our rеsults suggеst that morе еducatеd Bеninеsе arе morе likеly to utilizе banking sеrvicеs. Quantitativеly, an additional yеar of еducation in Bеnin lеads to a 2.4 pеrcеntagе points risе in thе probability of Bеninеsе using banking sеrvicеs, complеting primary schooling incrеasеs thе probability of Bеninеsе using banking sеrvicеs by 14.5 pеrcеntagе points, and complеting sеcondary schooling incrеasеs thе probability of Bеninеsе using banking sеrvicеs by 29.4 pеrcеntagе points.


Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil and protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of 75 European soybean genotypes from four maturity groups regarding the influence of climatic conditions of 2020 on soybean main growing and development stages. The experiment was conducted at the ARDS Turda in 2020, using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Dates of emergence (VE) and beginning of flowering (R1), were recorded for all 75 soybean cultivars from each of the four maturity groups (000 to I). Results obtained show that growing, and development stages of the studied soybean genotypes are according both with: thermal units and daily period from sunrise to sunset. Effects of daylength and temperature on soybean development were estimated. The rate of development to flowering was fastest for the very early genotypes than for genotypes in the semi-early maturity group (MG).


This chapter analyses the influence of organizational culture components, defined in Hofstede's (1991, 2001) cultural framework (i.e., power distance, individualism/collectivism, assertiveness focus, and uncertainty avoidance), and empowerment on innovation capability, and examines the differentiations in their influence. The hypotheses are tested by applying Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) methodology to data collected from Information Technology professionals from high-tech companies. Results of the analyses have yielded that power distance is found to be negatively associated with both empowerment and innovation capability, whereas uncertainty avoidance is negatively related to innovation capability, but positively related to empowerment. Collectivism is found to be positively related only to empowerment; yet no significant relationship was revealed between collectivism and innovation capability. In addition, no significant relationship was found between assertiveness focus and empowerment or innovation capability. Empowerment is also found to be significantly and positively related to innovation capability. In terms of managerial practice, the study helps clarify the key role played by cultural dimensions in the process of shaping an empowering and innovative work environment. Findings also reveal that managers should focus on participative managerial practices (e.g. empowerment) to promote innovation capability of high-tech companies by considering the cultural tendencies of employees in the organization. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-1836-7.ch014


The paper analyzes the possibility to predict and even retrospectively trace all socio-historical consequences of scientific discoveries, as well as their impact on the deep layers of human existence. On the example of the studies that led to the discovery of antibiotics, the boundaries and capabilities of those who claim to be experts in the field of futurology are demonstrated. The paper elucidates the role of social institutions and practices through which the control is exercised over the processes of using the latest achievements of science and insufficient level of competence in managing the development of technical systems. The author highlights the intuition of philosophers and representatives of the humanitarian intelligentsia regarding such significant effects of modernity as "cultural and ethnic redistribution" and other similar results of the development of the scientific thought. The paper provides for the outlines of axiological uncertainty in which Russian legislators find themselves seeking to rely in their activities on the Russian tradition, which includes pre-revolutionary, revolutionary and post-revolutionary periods. These periods are very different from the axiological point of view. At the same time, value gaps arose, were smoothed and overcome, and the whole system of values is in the process of searching for their own identity. The author has investigated the conceptual possibilities of presentation in the content area of the legal thought of the phenomenon of somatic human rights in the context of their legislative protection. Discussions among lawyers of integrity of the individual and means of its legal protection are analyzed. The paper deals with the correlation of individual and collective goal-setting in the Society of Knowledge and within the framework of the modern system of social relations. The current principles of bioethics as the basis of legal regulation and as implication of the system of humanitarian values and human rights are subject to philosophical and critical reflection.


In this paper, the end-to-end bottleneck bandwidth measurement in IPv6 networks is studied in depth. Recently, a lot of algorithms are designed from the perspective of network layer, making use of the new characteristics of IPv6 or modifying the protocol of IPv6 itself. Since the new characteristics are not specified in detail, or can not be supported by routers, those algorithms can not be deployed in real IPv6 networks, and only be simulated and analyzed via emulators. This paper presents an end-to-end IPv6 networks bottleneck bandwidth measurement algorithm. The algorithm is designed from the perspective of transport layer, which can not only be independent of new characteristics of IPv6 but also make full use of end-to-end properties of transport layer. Provided with a congestion control policy, a low-pass filter and a self-adapting adjustment mechanism, our algorithm achieves significant improvements on the packet pair algorithm, evaluation shows that our algorithm is accurate, fast, flexible and able to work in uncooperative environments.


For many years, the prevailing concept was that LDL oxidation plays the central role in atherogenesis. As a consequence, supplementation of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, became very popular. Unfortunately, major randomized clinical trials yielded disappointing results and recent meta‐analyses concluded that indiscriminate, high dose vitamin E supplementation results in increased mortality. This conclusion raised (quite reasonable) criticism, much of which referred to the characteristics of meta‐analysis. In our recent study, we used a Markov‐model approach, which is free of most of the limitations of meta‐analyses. Our major finding was that the average quality‐adjusted life years (QALY) of vitamin E‐ supplemented individuals was 0.30 QALY (95%CI 0.21 to 0.39) less than that of untreated people. In our view, this supports the view that indiscriminate supplementation of high dose vitamin E can not be recommended to the general public.


Abstract. 1. Anopheles pharoensis Theobald was found to be the prevalent man‐biting anopheline mosquito in the central area of the Senegal River delta.


There has been, of course, no shortage of books, articles, and commentaries about the nexus of the global price of oil and the value of U.S. dollar in international currency markets. Since the first global oil price shock in the mid-1970s, the issue has fascinated researchers and resurfaced in the media and political consciousness whenever the dollar has depreciated substantially against other major currencies. With oil sales still invoiced in U.S. dollars and oil revenues accounting for the lion's share of major oil exporters' government budgets and balance of payments, such a high degree of sensitivity regarding the dollar's fate is understandable. That said, the connection is exaggerated in political rhetoric, which often ignores the fact that dollar's appreciation in times of high volatility in global financial markets provides a stabilizing role, cushioning oil revenues against global shocks. However, this is old stuff. My own work on the implications of inflation and the value of the dollar on oil exports goes back more than three decades (Dailami 1978). Since then, analysis of how global oil prices respond to changing long-run fundamentals, such as spare capacity in major OPEC exporters, and to short-term variations in financial flows, business cycles, liquidity, and speculative motives has abounded. What makes the book by El-Gamal and Jaffe a compelling read is its addition of generally well-researched background on geopolitical turmoil in the Middle East as a third aspect of the tightly linked interaction between financial and energy markets over the past several decades — a pattern of interaction that has generated a global super cycle of financial boom and bust and energy price gyration. This super cycle, the authors claim, is now being played out in the dramatic display of global financial crisis and Great Recession that the global policy community is still struggling to contain. In this global context, they argue that the international policy community must recognize the underlying structural linkages among the


MILLER, P. M. 1978. Reproduction, penetration, and pathogenicity of Pratylenchus penetrans on tobacco, vegetables, and cover crops. Phytopathology 68: 1502-1504. Thirteen cover or forage crops, 14 vegetable crops, eight sativum), and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) roots also contomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars, and four tained large populations of P. penetrans, but none was found tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars were examined in the in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) roots. Differences in greenhouse for susceptibility to root penetration by root populations of P. penetrans occurred within cultivars of Pratylenchuspenetrans. Of the cover and forage crops tested, several crops. Neither root necrosis nor plant height, both Saranac alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and alsike clover indicators of damage by P. penetrans, were consistently (Trifolium hybridum) had the largest populations of P. correlated with P. penetrans populations within the roots. penetrans per total root mass, while timothy (Phleum Knowledge of a plant's interaction with P. penetrans may pratense) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) had enable the management of P. penetrans populations in the the smallest. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), pea (Pisum field by proper selection of crop plants.


As one of the dynamic disasters of deep mining, rockburst significantly affects the safety of underground environment especially at great depth. First, the elastic energy and dissipative energy are deduced to characterize rockburst process separately employing the theoretical analysis and test technique. Then, a series of split-Hopkinson pressure bar system tests are conducted. After calculation, the percentage of fractured dissipative energy occupied in total input dynamic energy is obtained. Subsequently, the dynamic mechanical parameters of rock specimens and dynamic impact factors are fitted. Finally, a three-dimensional model is developed using the mechanical property of the host rock, constitutive model, and in situ geostress. The contours of energy and the damage conditions of host rock are predicted, and the tendentiousness of rockburst is estimated.


Adopt documentary data method,make use of history,culture and philosophy,analyze the connotation,causes of the formation of Bruce Lee's martial arts,and its influence and enlightenment on traditional Wushu,and provide theoretical grounds for Chinese Wushu going to the world.


There remains finally a group of cases which are unrelieved by any surgical or therapeutic measures applied to the affected limb. These are desperate patients in a state of physical and mental bankruptcy whose days are ended in misery and self-destruction. Many operations on the central nervous system have been devised for their relief. As none has been performed in this present series, no personal observations on the value of these procedures can be made. CONCLUSION


Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is one of the uncommon benign relapsing diseases of the breast and the imaging features of IGM can be indistinguishable from invasive or inflammatory breast carcinoma. Therefore, the assessment of the ultrasound features could be diagnostically helpful. Material and Methods: This retrospective research involved a total of 26 patients who had a final pathologic diagnosis of IGM and who underwent high-resolution ultrasound (US) and color Doppler evaluation.Results: Overall, 26 patients met the inclusion criteria. The age range of the patients was between 24 and 52 years old with an average of 34.81. About half of the patients (53.8%) reported pain as a presenting symptom and the most common physical finding was a palpable mass in 53.8% of the cases. Ultrasonography revealed the most common mass shape to be oval and irregular both with a frequency of 47.1%. Mass margins were mostly indistinct (70.6%) while angular and circumscribed margins were also seen. Heterogeneous echogenicity was observed in 71.4%, increased echogenicity of perilesional fat in 84.6%, posterior acoustic enhancement in 57.7%, peripheral vascularity in 30.8%, and subcutaneous collections in 19% of the patients., Internal vascularity was seen in 7% of the cases.Conclusion: In the US of IGM, increased echogenicity of subcutaneous and perilesional fat were a common ultrasound feature (84.6%) while perilesional fat edema has not been mentioned in previous studies. In this study, other ultrasound features of IGM such as tubular extension, subcutaneous collection, indeterminate irregular masses, and collections were observed. They may contribute to the diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis in a proper clinical setting.


Spa tourism has become a major sector of the international tourism market, which generates an increase in functional complexity at the level of local systems. Through an effective management policy and an appropriate marketing policy, this type of tourism can bring significant economic benefits with a positive impact on the territorial systems that have spa resources. Through the present study, we have proposed a diagnosis of the territorial systems that have important spa resources, at the level of the Romanian regions, based on statistical data offered by the National Institute of Statistics, National House of Public Pensions, as well as on economic data at territorial administrative unit level, with the main economic indicators. The methodology is based on the analysis of the two categories of statistical data on tourism, more specifically, those aimed on the evolution of available accommodation capacity, those targeting tourist flows (arrivals and overnight stays), data on the evolution of treatment tickets and data with the main economic indicators from the tourism sector. The obtained results show significant differences between spa resorts in Romania, differences determined by the level of investments made for both basic and tourist infrastructure.


The current study investigated the dyadic longitudinal interaction between psychological capital as a personal resource and work-family enrichment. Work-family enrichment is a positive transfer by both men and women from the home domain's job experience. The study involved 129 couples with a broad age range measured at two measurement occasions spaced three months apart. The design was built on the Work-Home Resources and Spillover-Crossover models. The analyses applied in this study were based on Actor–Partner Interdependence Models and extended Common Fate Models. Psychological capital is a predictor of the interpersonal (between partners) and intrapersonal (within the self) level for WFE in the models conducted on dyadic data. Furthermore, shared work-family enrichment predicted shared psychological capital from both partners. Thus, personal resources predicted work-family enrichment three months later. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


A novel method for sensing local pressure inside a microfluidic device is proposed and developed. The main advantage of the method is that the pressure can be visually seen without attaching any electrical wire or instrument. The method can also be easily integrated into applications, such as micro-robots, because of its single-layer design. The working principle is based on the deformation of Polydimethylsiloxane, a kind of polymer that is often used in microfluidic systems. The deformation in the deformation chamber causes fluid to flow in, or out, the sensing area, and consequently results in changes of color intensity in the area. As a result, the pressure can be determined based on the brightness value over the sensing area. Experimental results show a highly correlated relationship between the measured brightness and pressure with the absolute correlation of 0.986. The hysteresis and drift of the proposed sensor are investigated, and are compared with our previously proposed microbeads approach. The prototype of the proposed sensor succeeded in performing measurement on local pressure in a microfluidic device with the resolution of 3.04 kPa.


The major purpose of this article is to analyze the most important fp programs in Poland in order to increase knowledge on the subject and to show the occurring relations between the programs applied and the socioeconomic results of enterprises. The emphasis has been put on showing the multidimensional relationships between employee financial ownership and economic results, as well as on proving the relationship mechanisms of employee ownership on productivity are complex interactions by nature. Additionally, it has helped to separate crucial characteristic features of the applied forms of fp. This empirical approach concentrates on qualitative research and not quantitative, which although broad based, does not precisely identify the aforementioned relationships too precisely.


Rabelais' aesthetics in Pantagrue and Gargantua, based on the humanism, overturns the Christian orthodox idea and reconstructs the humanist outlook on life and value. His grotesque aesthetics which are influenced by medieval humoresque culture and carnival culture is characteristic.


Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of restless legs syndreme(RLS)in our hemodialysis center,to analyze the potential influencing factors of RLS,and to investigate the relationship between RLS and the quality of life or sleep disturbances.Methods The RLS was diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group(IRLSSG).The subjects' quality of sleep and life were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and SF-36,respectively.The following data were collected:age,gender,duration of HD,times of HD weekly,Kt/V,pre-dialysis blood concentrations of creatinine,hemoglobin,hematocrit,ferritin,transferrin saturation,total calcium,phosphorus,Ca×P product,and intact parathyroid hormone,t test and ÷2 test were performed on above factors between patients with RLS and those without RLS.Control group of HD patients without RLS was randomly selected to evaluate the influence of RLS on the quality of life and sleep in maintenance HD patients.Results All the 108 HD patients in our center were enrolled in the study.RLS was found in 13.0%(7 men,7 women)of HD patients.There were no significant differences in duration of HD,times of HD weekly or other biochemical parameters between patients with RLS and those without RLS.In the case-control study,PSQI of RLS group was higher than PSQI of without-RLS group(10.86+/-5.48 vs 4.93+/-4.73,P=0.005).Moreover,the RLS severity was correlated with the subjective sleep quality(r=0.576,P 0.05)and the SF-36 score in RLS group(r =-0.661,P =0.01).Conclusion The prevalence of RLS of HD patients from our center was 13.0%.Poor sleep quality was found in RLS patients,mainly in subjective sleep quality,sleep duration,habitual sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction.The RLS severity influenced the quality of life.


Review on PMS1 (PMS1 postmeiotic segregation increased 1 (S. cerevisiae)), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


This paper describes an approach to automated testing of pulsed laser beam parameters. The test system which was developed is capable of fully characterizing laser beam quality and aimpoint. Hard copy data is provided, and no operator judgement or adjustments are required. The test system was developed by the U.S. Army's Missile Command at Redstone Arsenal. The system was redesigned and productized for production testing by Hughes Aircraft's Electro Optical and Data Systems Group in Los Angeles, California.


An independent means (IS) glassware forming system, which comprises annealing a grain-loader (24), loading machine with a loader bar (30) and controls said loader bar along forward, sideshift and lift axes to each other electronic independent movement of the actuating means (32,34,36) for supplying the glassware to lehr conveyor from a cross conveyor (22) across a transfer plate (40) (42); means for controlling the movement of the loader bar comprising an input associated with the physical characteristics of the glassware, cross conveyor, transfer plate, lehr and loader bar of the large number of control parameters (FIGS. 5 and 6) of the platform (64). The platform comprises the automatic transfer control parameters entered by the operator into motion profiles of the three axes of either axis (FIGS. 4A-4C) stored procedures, each graph comprising a set of motion data is transferred by time data. Electric actuator supporting an electronic controller (38) along the three axes of the loader bar motion control, the movement as a function of the data sets corresponding to the time data and the motion data.


The increasing carbon emissions from various fossil fuels have led to the search for efficient and clean energy sources to replace them. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising alternative, but the use of platinum as a catalyst material poses challenges due to its limited resources and low abundance. This study proposes an efficient method for platinum recovery while retaining spent membranes. The membrane and catalyst were separated using isopropanol, and the spent membrane was dissolved in a 50% ethanol solution to prepare the precursor for subsequent membrane regeneration. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as the leaching agent, and the experimental parameters such as HCl concentration, H2O2 concentration, contact time, and operating temperature were optimized to achieve the highest platinum leaching rate. Finally, through isothermal leaching experiments, the leaching mechanism was investigated using the shrinking core model, indicating the involvement of both surface chemical and inner diffusion mechanisms in the platinum leaching process, primarily controlled by the inner diffusion mechanism. Under optimal conditions, the platinum leaching rate was about 90%, and the activation energy of the reaction was calculated to be 6.89 kJ/mol using the Arrhenius equation.


H ello, everyone, and welcome to the November 2021 "Ask the Expert." This month, we are going to explore a topic with huge implications for the medical field and the planet, namely the environmental impact of perioperative medicine. All of us are familiar with the concepts of climate change, ozone layer depletion, and the push Continued on page 6 Richard Simoneaux Steven L. Shafer, MD Editor-in-Chief


Nonequilibrium phase transition plays a pivotal role in a broad physical context from condensed matter to cosmology. On a smaller scale, the quantum simulator experiments afforded by ultracold atoms have started a new era of non-equilibrium systems[1]. A generic non-equilibrium setting is one where a system parameter (such as the interaction strength) suddenly changes, leading to the evolution of the many-body state of the system. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, a charge-density-wave (CDW) state in 1T-


This article examines the mechanisms introduced in the public sector of a small plural society, Trinidad and Tobago, to ensure that the diverse population employed within this sector are afforded equal opportunity. The article argues that while a number of institutions and procedures have been introduced to manage and contain issues relating to conflicts and charges of discrimination by the various groups, one major shortcoming has been the inability of the various governments overtime to confront the challenges of managing multiculturalism in a more structured way. Hence, to date there has been no stated policy with respect to managing diverse groups or structured approaches to allocate funds to the various groups within the society. The end result is that the institutions and procedures that have been introduced have merely addressed challenges as it relates to direct discrimination of persons rather than address challenges of the more fundamental issues of multiculturalism.


(MARK 9:34-37) This year our theme "Discipleship: Being the Body of Christ" has not only been embraced, but has been brought to life through your special attention to each and every student, their parents, community partners, parish supporters, and one another. Thank you for your full participation in the life of Christ as Christ's body. We are definitely a vibrant community of faith and learning. We have kept God present to one another, we have celebrated and been true to the core goal of Catholic education. This academic year has also been one of numerous challenges and successes. The new Literacy and Numeracy Secretariat expanded professional development opportunities for educators and provided rich resources for students and staff. Learning Support Services has assisted schools in achieving aggressive student achievement targets with in-service opportunities and new material. Our firm commitment to ensure all students succeed remains uncompromised. Your energy and efforts in implementing diverse Special Education programs and Student Pathways projects have certainly been of high quality, innovative, and very productive. The dedication of staff in our Plant, Finance, Communications, Transportation, Computer Services, and Human Resources Departments have consistently met and resolved all demands and expectations they faced. The new collective agreement with the Ontario English Catholic Teachers Association, expanded number of advisory/working committees, partnerships with various Ministry projects and community agencies, and your generous efforts in the area of social action and service both locally and internationally magnify our collective determination to maintain and enrich a Catholic education community of excellence.


Objective To study the relationship of MMP-2/9 to the brainedema formation following ICH.Methods The ICH animal models wereestablished by stereotaxical injecting 0.4IU Ⅶ collagenase into the right globes pallidus(GP).The expression of MMP-2/9 protein and mRNA in the ICH rat brains had been investigated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.Brain water content(BWC)and EB contents were measured. Results Afteroperating 24~48h,we found that the exosmose dose of BWC and EB in perihematom(right side) at each time point was much higher than the left side and the right side of sham-operated group(SG).We found few MMP-2 protein and mRNA positivecells in the brain of NG and SG,and no MMP-9 protein and mRNA positive cells.There were lots of deep buffy positive cell of MMP-2/9 at each time point of operation group.The expression of MMP-9 protein and mRNA positive cells reached the peak at 24~48h in the operation group. There was positive correlation betweenthe expression of MMP-9 and mRNA positive cells and BWC and EB contents. Conclusion The expression of MMP-2/9 in perihematom were increasedat the early of ICH in rat,which may be correlated with forming the angiosoure encephaledema.


This paper, based on relevant relay protection principles, utilizes sampling data or fault wave forms from computer fault recorder and combines operation model of power network, feature of relay protection and relative protection specification to analyze electrical network accidents scientifically. Different fault types should adopt different distinguishing model. Experience indicates that analysis method mentioned above is effective.


The present investigation deals with the development and optimization of floating microspheres for gastroretentive delivery containing metoprolol tartrate using factorial design and also to investigate the effect of different process variables on formation of microsphere.Floating microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method using ethyl cellulose as polymer. The effect of the independent process variables like polymer concentration, surfactant concentration, stirring speed, continuous phase and disperse phase on drug entrapment and particle size was optimized using 23 factorial designs. Response surface graphs were plotted using Box-Behnken design. Optimized formulation of floating microspheres was characterized for various physicochemical properties, surface morphology and drug excipients interaction. The optimized formulation F4 showed drug entrapment efficiency of 77% having particle size of 56±1.6 μm. The drug was released by Fickian diffusion mechanism with cumulative drug release of 98% for 12 h as compared to other formulations. Microspheres floated well over 12 h in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2). There was no incompatibility between drug and excipients and surface of microsphere was smooth with porous structure. Probability factor, R2 values and lack of fit values were significant showing that the model was significant. The observed responses were coincided well with the predicted values, given by the optimization technique. Combined effect of different process variables and its main effect on response can be studied well by using factorial design and an optimized formulation with desired properties can be obtained with mimum experiments.


Summary A serum-free culture medium, supplemented with 1% bovine serum albumin, supported the growth of both primary and continuous suspension-type cultures of various mammalian tumor cells. The role of albumin added to the medium was also studied. Defatted albumin failed to support cell growth, unless reconstituted with its lipid extract. Similarly, defatted albumin, when combined with oleic and linoleic acids, also supported cell growth. Therefore, albumin-bound fatty acids play an important growth-promoting role in serum-free medium. We thank the Nissui Saiyaku Company for supplying the fatty acids. This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid from the Educational Ministry of Japan.


FIELD: energy. SUBSTANCE: method is implemented by collecting of induced on lines charges on inner hub, their transfer to external concentrator connected to lightning receiver and connected via discharger with grounding. Device for protection from lightning discharge includes lightning rod connected with external concentrator connected via discharger with grounding; includes switching unit, configured to switch between two connections: internal hub with air electric circuit or inner hub with external hub. Lightning rod is composed of umbrella with central core. External and internal hubs are composed of coaxial cylinders. Switching unit is made in form of periodic automatic switch and is equipped with starting device in pre-thunder storm period by GSM module. EFFECT: elimination of conditions for development of opposite lightning leader discharge with electric equipment, power supply system and other objects. 6 cl, 1 dwg


(PEG) [1] is widely used for the enteral nutrition of patients with head and neck cancer. While very safe and well toler− ated, it is not without its complications. Long−term use of PEG can lead to compli− cations requiring replacement of the gas− trostomy tube and relocation of the feed− ing tube to a new site [2, 3]. Replacing the feeding tube is an easy, straightforward procedure if done shortly after the re− moval of the old one, while relocating it to a new site requires repeat esophago− gastroscopy. However, standard peroral or transnasal introduction of the esopha− gogastroscope is not always possible in patients with head and neck cancers. Nar− rowness of the pharyngeal space in con− sequence of major head and neck surgery and radiotherapy can impede peroral feeding, which makes the patient depen− dent on feeding by gastrostomy tube for life. Replacing and relocating the gastros− tomy tube for such patients to a new site in the case of any complication cannot be done endoscopically in the usual way. The technique illustrated in l" Figure 1 and 2 allows endoscopically controlled replace− ment and relocation of the PEG feeding tube without the performance of a tradi− tional peroral esophagogastroscopy. No general anesthesia was required. Both the gastroscope and the PEG feeding tube was passed through the former gastrosto− my opening without any difficulty. I re− commend the described technique of re− placing and relocating the PEG feeding tube for patients with head and neck can− cer, if peroral esophagogastroscopy can− not be carried out.


The study analyzed family register of Namsang-ri, Eunyool-gun, Hwanghae-do, made out in 1902. Namsang-ri is located in the foot of Guwol mountain, one of the five noted mountains in the North Korea and composed of 19 natural villages. As a result of correcting several errors and supplementing part not listed in the family register, it could be known that there were 266 houses; male 683 persons, female 503_ 1,186 in total listed on the register. But such population were below half the one in the period after 6.25 war. That is, family register of Namsang-ri includes high omission rate in population, so that this has much limitation as a study material. However, at the same time, now there are only a few extant direct materials which show actual state of area of Hwanghae-do in the early 1900. Therefore, it would be unavoidable to use the material to analyze composition and character of family and village for then times. The study was proceeded with consideration of such limitation as a material. As a result, regional characteristics differentiated from other regions could be figured out as follows. First of all, family in Namsang-ri thoroughly composed of mainly paternal relative. There was no person of maternal and wife`s relative among family members. Futhermore, there was not female family head at all. The ratio of female family head in different area of the same period was approx. 5~10%. If a family did not have a son or a son was minor, female protector could be a family head. But, in Namsang-ri, female family head was not recognized. Instead, male minor became a family head or a brother of a husband played a role of family head. Among 19 natural villages in Namsang-ri, as many as 16 villages were same surname ones where a certain surname accounted for over 50%. In fact, it can be said that the areas composed of same surname villages. Same surname village was a product that appeared as a certain surname with secure social and economic advantage excluded other surnames. To survive as a surname village, these would be necessary_limitation on move of paternal blood members through man-oriented inherit, activation of child adoption system, and development of a clan. On the family register of Namsang-ri, clan of married women who left their maiden home, and maternal relatives was not listed on it. And there was no female family head. In the houses of some 10.9%, blood was succeeded by adopted child. Most of natural villages were same surname ones. Namsang-ri, Eunyool-gun was an area where paternal man-oriented family form was thoroughly maintained because of Confucian influence.


The National Highway Institute (NHI), the Federal Highway Administration's external training arm, has implemented a far-reaching program to upgrade the skills of its instructors and to ensure that they are able to use the most advanced instructional methods that focus on the needs of adult learners. This 6-month-old program is already a success. Until recently, NHI certified its instructors based exclusively on technical knowledge; however, starting in the fall of 1998, NHI began taking the certification process a step further. Within 3 years, all NHI instructors must demonstrate their ability to teach adult learners. Adults learn by doing. Through active participation, individuals can retain up to 90% of what they are taught. To ensure that participants of NHI courses receive this kind of interactive instruction, NHI has started to assess the presentations of current and potential instructors against a standard list of competencies. Instructors must demonstrate their competency in six areas: positive behavior modeling, communication, classroom management, facilitation and trainer skills, knowledge of adult learning theory, and technical knowledge. The training experts can also give guidance to the instructors to make the course they teach more interactive and participant-oriented. The master trainers also offer suggestions for improving the effectiveness of printed instructional material. Twenty instructors were certified during the first 6 months, and several more were scheduled to be observed in the near future.


As it is observed that the banana production is affected by various disease condition and causing huge loss to the poor farmers. By using modern technology of image process and soft computing, these can be identified at the earlier stage and appropriate precautions can be taken to avoid further damage and hence increase in healthy production. Through the pre-processing technique, image is input to get normalization and median filter is done to remove the noise. Then segmentation process is done for feature extraction, followed by classification techniques. In this classification techniques two algorithms are used, that is the perceptron and case based reasoning for diagnosis of disease. Then fuzzy logic is used for making decision. Then system evaluation Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve is used. Analysis shows Case based reasoning (CBR) algorithm is better than perceptron algorithm.


This paper demonstrates an example of the solenoid valve driver cored on AVR micro controller. With a discussion over the system's hardware architecture, we further explain the communication protocol between the module and system controller, as well as the corresponding software control process. Besides, we illustrate the reliability and flexibility of our design in both the software and hardware phases. The driver module has proved effective and satisfying in practices on related projects.


I consider the difficulty of deciding what to include in a one-semester course on language education in English education for preservice teachers. While it is imperative to prepare teachers to talk about language in written texts, other concerns of the English classroom, from classroom talk to reflections on self, can be illuminated by knowledge about language. I describe different representations of the language system: one proposed in a scope and sequence document prepared by a group of linguists and educators in the United States; and the other Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), which, while relatively unknown and unsupported in the United States, has influenced education in Australia. While I admire the advances in language education being made in the United States, in my view, SFG offers a conceptual advantage to those who want to make the link between grammar and broader concerns. I believe it is possible to use SFG conceptually in the design of classroom activities, while also relying on non-SFG methods to make visible, for instance, the operations of talk in the classroom. In the end, I advocate linking language to issues that matter, focusing above the language system to meaning-making more broadly, and using knowledge about language in the service of social analysis as well as the interpretation of texts.


Objective To investigate the effect of intravascular irradiation on the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells(SMC) after arterial injury. Methods Twenty seven minipigs undertaking iliac artery balloon overstretch injury were given intravascular irradiation with 192 Ir at different doses. The pigs were killed at the 3rd, 10th or 28th day after operation for dynamic observation, respectively. SMC proliferation of injured segments was examined using proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) assessment, while apoptosis was examined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL). Results Compared with the control group, medial SMC proliferation was inhibited and apoptosis was significantly increased in the 10 and 20 Gy irradiation group from the 3rd day ( P 0.05); the degree of neointimal SMC apoptosis in 20 Gy irradiation group was higher than that in control group at the 10th day( P 0.05); neointimal SMC proliferation was significantly inhibited and apoptosis was significantly increased both in the 10 and 20 Gy irradiation group at the 28th day( P 0.05). The effect was more apparent on inhibiting SMC proliferation and increasing apoptosis in 20 Gy group at the 28th day. Conclusions Intravascular gamma irradiation can inhibit SMC proliferation and stimulate SMC apoptosis in balloon injured arteries. These factors may contribute to the prevention of restenosis after arterial injury.


Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by exaggerated sunburn reactions, freckle‐like pigmentation, and a high possibility of developing cutaneous tumors. XP comprised seven complementation groups (from XP‐A to XP‐G) and a variant form XP‐V.


This essay will show how conservatism and liberalism is established and maintained in American presidential rhetoric, by analyzing the speeches held by George W. Bush in 2000 and Barack Obama in 20 ...


Background: Dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fats (n-6 PUFA) like linoleic acid (LA) may worsen cardiac remodeling after injury. Results: Excess LA increased cardiac collagen I/III ratio and lysyl oxidase causing early diastolic dysfunction. In vitro experiments in fibroblasts with genetic manipulation confirmed such mechanisms. Conclusion: LA promotes noncompliant collagen and cardiac stiffening. Significance: This study demonstrates a novel, cardiac-specific lipotoxic pathway of n-6 PUFAs. Controversy exists on the benefits versus harms of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA). Although n-6 PUFA demonstrates anti-atherosclerotic properties, survival following cardiac remodeling may be compromised. We hypothesized that n-6 PUFA like linoleic acid (LA) or other downstream PUFAs like γ-linolenic acid or arachidonic acid alter the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-collagen axis in the heart. Excess dietary LA increased the collagen I/III ratio in the mouse myocardium, leading to cardiac "stiffening" characterized by impaired transmitral flow indicative of early diastolic dysfunction within 5 weeks. In vitro, LA under TGFβ1 stimulation increased collagen I and lysyl oxidase (LOX), the enzyme that cross-links soluble collagen resulting in deposited collagen. Overexpression of fatty acid desaturase 2 (fads2), which metabolizes LA to downstream PUFAs, reduced collagen deposits, LOX maturation, and activity with LA, whereas overexpressing fads1, unrelated to LA desaturation, did not. Furthermore, fads2 knockdown by RNAi elevated LOX activity and collagen deposits in fibroblasts with LA but not oleic acid, implying a buildup of LA for aggravating such pro-fibrotic effects. As direct incubation with γ-linolenic acid or arachidonic acid also attenuated collagen deposits and LOX activity, we concluded that LA itself, independent of other downstream PUFAs, promotes the pro-fibrotic effects of n-6 PUFA. Overall, these results attempt to reconcile opposing views of n-6 PUFA on the cardiovascular system and present evidence supporting a cardiac muscle-specific effect of n-6 PUFAs. Therefore, aggravation of the collagen I/III ratio and cardiac stiffening by excess n-6 PUFA represent a novel pathway of cardiac lipotoxicity caused by high n-6 PUFA diets.


The CH4/CI mass spectra of polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, CxH2x+1(C2H4O)nOH), contain MH + and fragment ions that can be used to identify each oligomer. The relative abundances of the MH + ions are low, variable, and increase with increasing sample size across the chromatographic peaks and not with increasing value of x or n; hence, a major portion of these ions is formed by sample ion/sample molecule reactions. The base peaks in CH4/CI are variable and are determined by the ethylene oxide moiety (x 3). Those of higher mass oligomers (x  4, n 3) are MH + ions and ions formed by hydrogen rearrangement decompositions of the MH + ions ((HOC2H4OH)nH + , n= 1,2.) Isobutane CI (i-C4H10/CI) spectra are pressure dependent. The pressure in the source of our mass spectrometer is not known but it is described by the ratio of ionic abundances of m/z 43 and 57: P(0.15) = I(43/57)= 0.15 (high pressure), and P(0.05) = I(43/57) = 0.05 (higher pressure). The spectra obtained at the lower pressure (P=0.15), show less fragmentation to that observed with CH4/CI. Those at higher pressure, P(0.05), contain essentially MH + ion. The base peak at both pressures is the MH + ions. Estimates of the heat of formation of some of the CH4 CI proton transfer reactions were made from the thermochemistry of some of the decomposition reactions using n-butyl ether oligomer as a model compound.


AbstractGeodetic networks composed of conventional survey measurements may be based upon different types of coordinate systems. The most commonly used are geographic coordinates of latitude, longitude and height, or map grid coordinates of easting, northing and height. The adjustment of such networks may be similarly based upon either of these coordinate systems and the well accepted principles of least squares estimation and variation of coordinates. The observation equations required for the map grid and geographical coordinate system are presented, along with the necessary differential coefficients which make up the design matrices for the adjustments. As well as the traditional survey measurements, the observation equations and differentials required for Global Positioning System (GPS) baselines are included for each coordinate system. A comparison is made between the convenience, accuracy and efficiency of each approach. Results are presented of the adjustment of example networks composed of simulate...


Corrective feedback (CF) is a teaching technique that has been shown to be beneficial for second language learning (Lyster et al., 2013). Among other factors, instructional setting has been found to affect the quantity and quality of Corrective Feedback Episodes (CFEs; Lyster & Mori, 2006; Sheen, 2004). Learning contexts such as immersion and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) have been extensively investigated; however, there is one instructional approach that has been barely examined, Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL; Llinares & Lyster, 2014). This study aims to fill this gap by comparing teachers' CF techniques and learners' uptake in CLIL classrooms and in a more traditional learning context, EFL. Besides, teachers' and learners' beliefs about CF were examined and compared with classroom behaviour.


The main focus in programming courses is usually on writing code; students are asked to write programs after only being taught the syntax rules and a few examples. We believe that more emphasis nee...


Objective:To explore the influence of family interactive health education to quality of life and safety of alzheimer′s patients(AD).Methods:60 cases of AD were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,30 cases in each group.The control group adopted conventional discharge guidance and follow-up,the experimental group used family interactive health education,follow-up time for one year.Compared the quality of life and accidents in the two groups patients.Results:Compared with the control group,the experimental group every dimension of quality of life and the total score improved significantly(P0.05),fall,aspiration,scald,lost accident rate and rehospitalization rate decreased significantly(P0.05),but accidental ingestion,injury accidents rate was not statistically(P0.05).Conclusions:Family interactive health education can significantly improve the quality of life of AD patients and improve patients′ safety.


Following earlier work, detailed studies have been carried out on the lead uptake of individual foods from soft and hard water containing various amounts of lead. Experiments have also been made to determine whether solutions of lead nitrate in distilled water simulate the behaviour of water containing naturally present lead. The effect of length of cooking time, weight/volume ratio and salt addition have been studied, as well as the depostion of lead on to cooking vessels. In general, green vegetables, carrots, rice and spaghetti were found to take up more lead than do other foods. The difference in uptake observed between hard and soft waters varied according to the particular food being studied. Uptake from lead nitrate solutions showed a very similar pattern to uptake from hard water containing naturally present lead. Equilibrium was reached after only 5 min cooking for cabbage and spaghetti. Varying the solid/volume ratio for cabbage affected the uptake of lead from water, but the addition of sodium chloride or sodium bicarbonate had little effect on lead uptake. There was no sign of saturation in uptake of lead by cabbage from solutions of 11 mg litre−1 lead as lead nitrate. Deposition of lead occurred on both aluminium and glass saucepans, and cleaning was more effective in removing lead from glass saucepans. Results obtained from the analysis of diets in a small population at Ayr confirmed those obtained previously by laboratory experiments.


TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY may be the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in the United States. It is an important cause of perinatal mortality and a statistically significant factor in children with later evidence of birth-associated damage.1The etiology of toxemia is still unknown. Postmortem study of toxemia reveals lesions of the brain, lungs, liver, and kidney. Only the latter two lesions appear to be consistent and specific for toxemia. Liver lesions are usually associated with imminent fatality. In 1918 it was recognized that the renal glomerulus was the principle site of pathologic change.2Further study disclosed a characteristic renal lesion in toxemia, confined to the glomerulus, in which all glomeruli were diffusely involved and in proportion to the severity of the disease.3Additional data suggested that the glomerular lesion was the most sensitive pathological index of toxemia in the body.4While all pathologists


The present study will transfer us to the era of kalophony and take us back through the post-Byzantine centuries, using as a vehicle the manuscript tradition of the theotokion mathema Ἀνωθeν οι προφηται. Aiming to understand the concepts of eponymity, tradition and innovation as regards Byzantine compositions, in fact, I shall examine the adventures of the most widely-disseminated Byzantine mathematarian compositions, which survive even today in liturgical praxis.


H. W. Bange 1,7, M. O. Andreae 1, S. Lal2, C. S. Law3, S. W. A. Naqvi 4, P. K. Patra 2,8, T. Rixen 5,9, and R. C. Upstill-Goddard 6 1Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany 2Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India 3Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom 4National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India 5University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 6University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom 7now at Institute for Marine Research, Kiel, Germany 8now at Frontier Research System for Global Change, Yokohama, Japan 9now at Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Bremen, Germany


A simple release mechanism is described that achieves high reliability through active mechanical redundancy on the SERT 2 satellite. Principle of operation, design details, and the test program are discussed. Examples of developmental and proposed alternate configurations also are included.


The way individuals in the United States engage in the consumer economy is rapidly changing thanks to the prevalence of the internet and the technology that brings it to every aspect of our lives. The retail sales tax, however, relies on a standard articulated in 1992 to determine whether a state may impose its tax on an entity selling to customers in its state. The "physical presence standard" for substantial nexus does not account for electronic commerce; as a result, states are not capturing much needed revenue. This article will examine the history of the standard and its application, then turn to the stakeholders in the debate on broad change that will allow states to require online entities to collect and remit the tax, and finally, will examine two well-developed multi-state solutions and the obstacles before them.


ALTHOUGH possibly one of Australia's commonest gliders, little is known about the den requirements or home range size of the feathertail glider Acrobates pygmaeus. This is not surprising given the inherent difficulties involved in detecting these small gliders (Henry 1995, Ward 2000); head and body length 65 - 80 mm, tail length 70 - 80 mm, weight 10 - 14 g (Woodside 1995). Although aspects of the life history of this species have been studied (Ward 1990) some of the information that will assist the formulation of management strategies for conserving this species is lacking. Gibbons and Lindenmayer (1996, 1997) stressed the importance of considering all hollowdependent wildlife when devising management strategies pertinent to the protection of animal species during native forest harvesting. On the other hand, Goldingay and Kavanagh (1995) suggest that the habitat requirements of A. pygmaeus can probably be secured through management strategies developed to conserve other forest mammals.


A gold‐carbon nanotube nanohybrid was shown to act as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the smooth and selective conversion of thioamides to the corresponding nitriles. The reaction was performed under mild conditions (room temperature, atmospheric pressure of oxygen) using only a gold loading of 0.35 mol %. Substituted aromatic or aliphatic nitriles were produced in very good to excellent yields and the catalyst could be easily recycled and reused over several consecutive cycles with no loss in dehydrosulfurization performances.


Special concentrically braced frames (SCBFs) are commonly used for seismic design of buildings. Their large elastic stiffness and strength efficiently sustains the seismic demands during smaller, more frequent earthquakes. During large, infrequent earthquakes, SCBFs exhibit highly nonlinear behavior due to brace buckling and yielding and the inelastic behavior induced by secondary deformation of the framing system. These response modes reduce the system demands relative to an elastic system without supplemental damping using a response modification coefficient, commonly termed the R factor. More recently, procedures put forth in FEMAP695 have been made to quantify the R factor through a formalized procedure that accounts for collapse potential. The primary objective of the research in this paper was to evaluate the approach for SCBFs. An improved model for SCBFs that permits simulation of brace fracture was used to conduct response history analyses. A series of 3-, 9- and 20-story SCBFs were designed and evaluated. Initially, the FEMAP695 method was conducted to estimate collapse and the corresponding R factor. An alternate procedure for scaling the multiple acceleration records to the seismic design hazard was also evaluated. The results show significant variation between the two methods. Of the three variations building studied, the large vulnerability was identified for the 3story building. To achieve a consistent margin of safety against collapse, a significantly lower R factor is required for the low-rise SCBFs (3-story), while the mid-rise and high-rise SCBFs (9- and 20-story) may continue to use the current value of 6, as provided in ASCE-07.


Synthesis of novel thiadiazoles is one of the important aspects in the development of therapeutic drugs. Emphasizing the properties of the new compounds having potential novel structural features and biological applications have been current research in medicinal chemistry. In this connection, here reporting the synthesis and characterization of 5-[substituted]-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-amines (1-7). All the prepared compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods viz.1H-NMR, 13C{1H}-NMR, FT-IR, and LC-MS. The DNA binding interactions of the 1,3,4-thiadiazoles were undertaken by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy methods. The results reveal that the compounds are avid binders to DNA via. Groove binding mode. The DNA cleavage studies of the compounds were carried out in presence and absence of H2O2 using gel electrophoresis.


Compression of the ulnar nerve in the canal of Guyon is a well recognised condition but we have not been able to find another reported case resulting from extrinsic pressure from calcium deposits at the wrist level. The causes of pathological calcification are briefly reviewed.


Introduction 1. An evolving international society: institutionalization, privatization, globalization 2. A constitutional court for an international society? 3. Individuals and settlement of international claims: change and adaptation of governing rules 4. Individuals before international courts and tribunals: a continuing progression 5. Shaping a new role for the individual in international dispute settlement: the contribution of specialized jurisdictions 6. The World Trade Organization integrated dispute settlement system: innovation and transition.


Objective To describe a method for the determination of L-arginine in fermentation broth.Methods This paper studied a quantitative determination of L-arginine with α-naphthol and 2,3-Butanedione in detail.Results The best results could be achieved with the determination wavelength of 525 nm,color reaction temperature of 30 ℃,response time of 15 min and 15g/L NaOH.This method had a good stability and reproducibility.Conclusion This method can be used for the quantitative determination of L-arginine in fermentation broth.


Using the new crossed neutral molecular beam apparatus which has been constructed at the University of Minnesota, an extensive study was made of the interaction of an HBr beam with a chlorine beam containing small polymers. It was possible to resolve the van der Waals bond exchange reaction of HBr with chlorine trimer to form HBrCl2. Angular and velocity distributions of scattered HBrCl2, (Cl2)2, and Cl2 have been measured and transformed to provide centre-of-mass flux contour maps. The HBrCl2 is observed as a single narrow peak, scattered backwards with respect to the initial motion of the HBr. A portion of the scattered Cl2 can be attributed to this reaction, which is observed to exhibit a significant fraction (∼ 50 per cent) of the available energy in product translation. A portion of the scattered (Cl2)2 can be attributed to a separate collision-induced dissociation process of the (Cl2)3. A simple model is proposed for the collision processes of HBr + (Cl2)3 which consistently explains all the dynamic...


On the basis of the correspondence principle between the relativistic moving medium electrodynamics and relativistic quantum field theory the covariant Lagrangian of the electromagnetic field interaction with the polarized spin particles have been obtained. This Lagrangian satisfies the main relativistic quantum field theory requirements and contains four independent covariant spin structures, which have particular physical meaning. It is shown that the spin polarizabilities give the contribution to the amplitude for Compton scattering on the spin-1/2 hadron in the ${\cal O}(\omega^3)$.


In recent years, computational accessibility has enabled the use of Deep Neural Network (DNN) for computer vision applications on devices with limited computational resources. We focus on the real-time object detection algorithms deployed on UAV -friendly devices. The hardware deployed on UAV must be lightweight and thus limited in processing power, memory, and storage capacity. Lightweight modeling architecture does not suffice for high-recall reconnaissance applications. In this paper, we propose to reduce power consumption of YOLOv5 DNN architecture. We decided to use compressed convolutional technique, transfer learning, backbone shrinkage, and scale prediction to reduce the number of learnable parameters from the YOLOv5model. Our approach reduced the size of the model significantly and lowered the power consumption in turn. GPU memory and the Billion Floating-Point Operations Per Second (GFLOPS) for the YOLOv5model will keep the performance measure of the model as the baseline state-of-the-art. The best resulting model has a 63.86% mean average precision (mAP) and a GFLOPS of 97.7 on "DIOR", an overhead imagery data set. The proposed approach has lowered GPU memory consumption of the model by 34% and lowered the energy consumption by 10 Watts compared to the baseline model.


At the Ninety-First Annual Meeting of the association in San Francisco on June 4, 1991, the membership honored me greatly with the Marcia C. Noyes Award. I am deeply grateful to the members of the association who nominated me for the award, to the award jury for their recommendation, and to the Board of Directors who approved it. It is a proud moment to be recognized by one's peers, and I was truly sorry not to be able to attend the annual meeting to receive the award in person and to thank the membership for this accolade. This is a poor substitute for personal thanks, but I am afraid that it is the best I can achieve. The award recognized professional achievement in the areas of automation, network development, and publishing; changing the way in which information is accessed and retrieved; and opening the door for the innovative and sophisticated means of information transfer enjoyed today. The membership's enthusiastic reception of the Bulletin over the past two and a half years has been especially gratifying. It has been a challenge to transform a major library publication (a process which is not, I hope, over), and although an enormous amount of work has been involved, there has been a large measure of enjoyment as well. Change is not an easy process, nor is it a panacea. Revamping the Bulletin has not been all smooth sailing. I am gratified that the changes have been worth the effort and are recognized by the association's members as an improvement. My thanks to all my friends, colleagues, and associates for their wishes for health and continued success with the Bulletin.


With the economic development and the increased energy consumption, challenges of environmental pollution control have been intensified in Beijing. To promote sustainable socioeconomic development, energy consumption restructure and the environment governance have become important issues of Beijing. Based on the grey correlation model, this paper analyzed the relationship between energy consumption structure and environmental pollution in Beijing. It is empirically shown that coal and oil consumption in Beijing's energy consumption were highly correlated with environmental pollution, while natural gas consumption had the least impact on environmental pollution emissions. The findings of the study provided an empirical support to how to optimize the energy consumption structure and decrease the environment pollution.


1. Introduction In modern market economy, the most important problem is provision of competitiveness of enterprises. This problem could be solved by formation of cluster system. Theoretical and practical works, devoted to development of competitiveness, are dominated by studies of the processes which take place within enterprise. The role of location is not taken into account in competition and competitiveness. There is a tendency for diminishing the role of location in these issues. Some researchers explain the concentration of enterprises in view of agglomeration economy (Carneiro et al., 2015), which are usually viewed as ones emerging at the level of a sphere or in diversified economy of a city. Those who explain the economy of agglomerations put emphasis on minimization of expenses due to similarity of production factors or similarity of markets (Geldes et al., 2015). However, such explanations are devalued by globalization of markets, technologies, and sources of supply, as well as by increased mobility and reduction of transport and communicational expenses. At present, the character of agglomerations' economy has changed a lot: it becomes more important at the level of clusters and not only within narrowly determined spheres. Globalization allows enterprises to receive capital, goods, and technologies from different regions and locate production where it is more effective in terms of expenses. It is considered that governments lose their influence on competition, as compared to powers which work at the global scale. Though this vision is very popular, it does not correspond to the real situation in the processes of competition. During study of the issue of location's influence on competitive struggle, comparatively small attention is paid to the fact HOW enterprises conduct the struggle. Competitive struggle was seen as static one, based on minimization of expenses in comparatively close spheres (Mihajlovic, 2014). In this case, the decisive role belongs to comparative advantage in factors of production and economy which is predetermined by the growth of production scales. The purpose of this article is the analysis of cluster activities' influence on creation of competitive advantages of its enterprises and on their competitiveness. 2. Methodological Aspects of Evaluation of Enterprise's Competitiveness There are a lot of various methods for evaluation of enterprise's competitiveness. At present, it is possible to determine the following main groups of method for evaluation of enterprises' competitiveness. First group is comprises of product methods, which are based on the idea that competition of companies in market economy has a form of competition of products, while company's possibility to compete in the certain product market directly depends on its product's competitiveness. This position is proved by economic practice which shows that absolute majority of competitive companies is represented in the market by competitive products. Product methods are based on the opinion that evaluation of competitiveness of economic subject can be performed through evaluation of competitiveness of its products: the higher the product's competitiveness, the higher the enterprise's competitiveness. At that, in order to determine the competitiveness of products, various marketing and qualimetric methods are used, most of which are based on determining the ratio "price-quality" of a product. There are many methodologies of determining the mentioned ratio. As a rule, indicator of enterprise's competitiveness is determined by finding the average weighted value among indicators of competitiveness for each type of products, where the scales are volumes of realization of corresponding product type. Certain researchers suggest using the market share of product as indicator of its competitiveness, which is more accurate reflection of competitiveness. Second group includes matrix methods. …


Global existence of strong solutions and the existence of global and atrractors are established for generalized Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto models on planar domains. The cross diffusion and reaction can have polynomial growth of any order.


Latin American exports during First Globalisation have long been a central topic in the literature of the region. In recent years, debates have focused the statistical accuracy of Latin American trade data in order to know better exports growth, their composition and geographical distribution. In this paper, we propose to compare a new data set –corrected by Buenos Aires' values and assigned with exports "for orders"– with main trade partners' data between 1875 and 1913. Thus, we collate the accuracy of our corrected series compared to the official figures, which has been broadly used by historiography regardless its lack of accuracy.


We aim to establish a novel flow cytometric immune microsphere assay(FCIMA) for quantitative detecting human serum insulin by flow cytometric immune microsphere assay(FCIMA) and study its repeatability,linearity,and lowest detectable limit(LDL).Microsphere surface were labeled by rabbit against human insulin monoclonal antibody to prepare immune diagnosis microspheres,which could be combined with human insulin of serum,and appear fluorescent light by combining rat against human insulin monoclonal antibody labeled with FITC.The mean fluorescent intensity(MFI) of the surface of immune diagnosis microspheres were detected by flow cytometer(FC) and recorded.We found that the MFI of immune diagnosis microspheres were in direct proportion to the concentrations of human serum insulin.Moreover,both of the coefficient of variance(CV) of repeatability and the LDL of FCIMA were lower than those of ELISA,and the range of linearity of FCIMA was wider than that of ELISA.These results indicated that FCIMA can be used for quantitative determination of human serum insulin,which is better than ELISA in the repeatability,linearity range,and detection sensitivity.


This paper presents 2 active edge resonant cell interleaved boost DC-DC converter. It uses two feedback loops including similar to current mode control with one slow outer loop and the other for faster inner PWM control loop. To improve the transient response of the 2-cell assisted ZCS boost converter system, a coupled inductor of energy storage inductors is used on the basis of interleave architecture. This integrated magnetic design structure reduces size as well as weight and improves the converter performance due to both steady-state and transient. The effectiveness of the proposed converter and control scheme is demonstrated through PSIM simulations.


The present invention relates to a photovoltaic device with a light-converging device for converging sunlight regardless of the movement path of the sun on the solar cell module. PV is that absorbs the solar energy in the solar cell module for generating electricity, in accordance with the present invention, the track does not have to move by tracking the solar light collecting unit and the sun moves a small amount of the solar cell module and the module moving since a device that can generate electricity may significantly reduce the facility cost and operating cost photovoltaic power generation.


Developed as part of a research program at Stanford University, the "CRC" is a new technique for assessing the communicative effectiveness of printed materials. Dr. Carter is now associate professor of journalism and research associate in social science at the University of North Carolina.


A screening program for multimorbidities started in 2014 at the Montpellier University Hospital for primary prevention in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD).The objective of this work was to assess the impact of this program on morbidity by comparing the hospitalization rate of those patients in the year following the screening to the one of patients with IRD who did not benefit from this program.Patients with IRD who benefit from the screening program in 2015, 2016 and 2017 were identified in the French national health database PMSI and matched to 3 controls living in the same area on age, sex, type of IRD, use of intravenous (IV) biologic (b) DMARDs and index date. The exclusion criteria were subjects in secondary prevention identified as history of myocardial infarction in the previous 5 years or use of antiplatelet therapy. The primary outcome was the rate of all-cause hospitalization in the following year. The secondary endpoints were hospitalizations for another reason than IRD ("non-IRD") including those for cardiovascular [CV] events and major fractures. Hospitalization rates were compared between the two groups in the year after screening (or index date) and also between the year preceding screening and the year after for each group. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (CI95%) were calculated, taking into account the medical history (hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, CV disease, COPD, major fractures in the 5 years preceding the index date) and hospitalizations in the previous year.486 patients were identified and matched with 1458 controls. 67.08% had rheumatoid arthritis and 21.81% spondyloarthritis; 7% of them had IV bDMARDs. Unscreened patients had more hypertension (19% vs 10.1%), diabetes (9% vs 4.9%), heart failure (2.3% vs 0.4%) and "non-IRD" hospitalizations (78.5% vs 72.2%) in the 5 years preceding the index date. In the year following the index date, the percentages of "all causes" and "non-IRD" hospitalizations were significantly higher in non-screened than in screened patients (n = 1944, 64.8% versus 51%, Chi2 test, p <0.001; and 47.1% versus 37.9%, p <0.001 respectively). 17 (1.17%) cardiovascular events occurred in non-screened versus 2 (0.41%) in screened patients (n = 1944, Chi2 test, p = 0.14). There was no difference in the occurrence of CV events or major fractures between the 2 groups. In multivariate analysis, screening was associated with a 49% (0.51 [0.41-0.64]) reduction in "all causes" hospitalization and a 27% (0, 73 [0.58-0.91]) decrease in "non-IRD" hospitalization, with no difference for CV or fracture cardiological events. The risk factors associated with "non-IRD" hospitalization were: history of "non-IRD" hospitalization in the previous year (2.26 [1.63-3.13]), IV bDMARDs (1.69 [1, 14-2.53]) and age> 70 years (1.44 [1.02-2.03] vs <50 years). Hospitalization in the previous year for "all causes" or "non-IRD" was associated with rehospitalization in the following year in the non-screened group (p <0.001), but not in the screened group (p = 0.750 and p = 0.066 respectively).Our screening and prevention program was associated with a reduction in hospitalizations in the following year and a decrease in the risk of re-hospitalization compared to unscreened patients with IRD. This suggests a positive impact of performing systematic screening for multi-morbidities in IRD patients.We thank Pfizer for their financial supportguillaume decarriere: None declared, Jenica PASTOR: None declared, David DEMOULIN: None declared, Gael Mouterde Speakers bureau: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead; Janssen; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche-Chugai; and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Cédric Lukas Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche-Chugai, UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche-Chugai, UCB, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Novartis and Roche-Chugai, Bernard Combe Speakers bureau: AbbVie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead; Janssen; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche-Chugai; and Sanofi, Consultant of: AbbVie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead; Janssen; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche-Chugai; and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche-Chugai, Grégoire Mercier: None declared, Jacques Morel Speakers bureau: AbbVie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead; Janssen; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche-Chugai; and Sanofi, Consultant of: AbbVie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead; Janssen; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche-Chugai; and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche-Chugai, Claire Daien Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Roche-Chugai, Fresenius, BMS, MSD, Lilly, Novartis, Galapagos, Consultant of: Abivax, Abbbvie, BMS, Roche-Chugai, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, roche-chugai, fresenius, MSD


The light microscopical demonstration of D-amino acid oxidase (AAOX) activity with cerium (Ce III) as the capturing agent was improved. The incubation medium was stabilized by the employment of triethanolamine and detrane complexed cerium. A considerable increase in intensity of the reaction was accomplished by treatment of the AAOX-incubated sections with Ce III which reacted with the primary reaction product Ce IV-perhydroxide to form Ce IV-hydroxide. In this way the primary reaction product was reduced and enlarged concomitantly. The Ce IV-hydroxide was converted into Ce IV-perhydroxide by H2O2, which was visualized by blue-black stained Ni-DAB complexes. Thus, Ce III is used as capturing agent as well as amplifier (Ce/Ce-H2O2-DAB method). The primary reaction product Ce III-phosphate formed by coreacting phosphatases was selectively extracted by citrate containing glycine-NaOH buffer while Ce IV-perhydroxide remained in the sections. In model experiments it was proven that the perhydroxide groups in the Ce IV-perhydroxide compound initiate predominantly the DAB polymerization while the contribution of Ce III and Ce IV is small.


A cavitated bifurcation problem is examined for a sphere composed of a class of generalized Valanis-Landel materials subjected to a uniform radial tensile dead-load. A cavitated bifurcation equation is obtained. An explicit formula for the critical value associated with the variation of the imperfection parameters is presented. The distinguishing between the left-bifurcation and right-bifurcation of the nontrivial solution of the cavitated bifurcation equation at the critical point is made. It is proved that there exists a secondary turning bifurcation point on the nontrivial solution branch, which bifurcates locally to the left. It is shown that the dimensionless cavitated bifurcation equation is equivalent to normal forms with single-sided constraint conditions at the critical point by using the singularity theory. The stability and catastrophe of the solutions of the cavitated bifurcation equation are discussed.


In order to study the influence of compressive stress in cyclic load on the crack growth of the rib-to-deck joint, this paper analyzes the surface crack growth at the rib-to-deck joint under the action of overloaded vehicles based on the local three dimensional fracture mechanics model of the weld. The results show that the reverse plastic zone model is a better model to account for the effect of compressive stress in cyclic loading on the crack growth compared with the Paris Law either using the maximum tensile stress or using the full stress amplitude in cyclic loading.


The search for precursors that are bio-based, renewable and biodegradable has attracted significant. Recently, nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) has been considered as a potential precursor for the production of carbon fibre. However, its crystallinity and strong hydrogen bonding in the NCC structure prevents it from being dissolved in common solvents. The main aims of this study were: (i) to acetylate NCC; (ii) to electro-spin NCC suspension using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the "carrier" polymer; (iii) to extrude NCC and acetylated NCC via wet-spinning; and (iv) to pyrolyse the wet-spun NCC fibres. In this study, the rod-like particles of NCC with diameters in the range 2.0 - 4.8 nm and lengths of 46 - 114 nm were characterised using a transmission electron microscope. The surface acetylation of NCC was achieved and the degree of substitution was determined using \(^1\)\(^3\)C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The crystallinity of the NCC before and after acetylation were 78% and 68% respectively.

The introduction of PAN, dissolved in DMSO, into NCC increased the conductivity of the solution from 15.41 to 21.59 µS/cm. This solution was electro-spun to obtain fibres diameters in the range 500 to 200 nm. Wet-spun NCC fibres from unacetylated and acetylated NCC was pyrolysed at 900 oC in an inert atmosphere. The morphologies and the cross-section areas of the spun-fibres before and after pyrolysis were found to be void-free. Raman spectroscopy was used to obtain the ID/IG ratio of carbonised fibres; this was 0.83 - 0.84.


The purpose of this study is to present a workflow for predicting the radiofrequency (RF) heating around the contacts of a deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead during an MRI scan.


4'-O-beta-glucopyranoside of isovitexin from the leaves with stems and 4'-O-delta-glucopyranoside of -2"-O-beta-glucopyranosylisovitexin from the flowers of Aquilegia vulgnris L. were isolated. The structures of the compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods.


A new catalytic kinetic fluorescent method for determination of trace thallium(III) was investigated. The method was based on the catalytic effect of thallium on oxidation of 3-p-chlorophenyl-5-(2′-arsenoxylphenylazo) rhodanine (4ClRAAP) by hydrogen peroxide in potassium hydrogen phthalate-hydrochloric acid (pH = 5.2). Under the optimum conditions the great increase of fluorescence intensity had a linear relationship against the concentration of thallium in the range of 0.43 to 10.0 µg L−1 with a detection limit of 2.6 × 10−10 g L−1. The coexistent metal ions can be separated, and thallium can be enriched by polyamide, which greatly improved the selectivity and sensitivity of the system. The method was applied to determine trace amount of thallium in wine, water and mineral samples, with satisfactory results.


This book contains over 50 papers. Some of the titles are: Structure of Human Epidermal Growth Factor and Expression of Normal and Variant mRNAs in Epdermoid Carcinoma Cells; Tyrosine Kinase Activity Associated with the v-erb-B Gene Product; Cloning and Characterization of Human Epidermal Growth Factor-Receptor Gene Sequences in A431 Carcinoma Cells; Anti-oncogenes and the Suppression of Tumor Formation; and Normal Human sis/PDGF-2 Gene Expression Induces Cellular Transformation.


Abstract Malignant soft-tissue tumors which were designated as malignant fibrous histiocytoma are regrouped by the WHO (in 2002) under the new entity termed as "undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma."1 It accounts for less than 5% of all adult soft-tissue sarcomas. Here, we report the lesion in a 70-year-old man who presented with high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the lower extremity.


Microsporogenesis - the male programme of development, S.Blackmore and R.B.Knox the phylogenetic context of microsporogenesis, P.R.Crane meiospore formation in charophycean algae, L.E.Graham sporogenesis in bryophytes, R.C.Brown and B.E.Lemmon pteridophyte sporogenesis - a survey of spore wall ontogeny and fine structure in a polyphyletic plant group, B.Lugardon microsporogenesis in fossil plants, T.N.Taylor microsporogenesis in cycads and ginkgo, F.H.Wang exine ontogeny in conifers, M.H.Kurmann pollen wall development in angiosperms, S.Blackmore and S.H.Barnes exine biochemistry, D.Southworth tapetum and microspore function, E.Pacini germination and pollen tube formation, M. Cresti and A.Tiezzi gene expression in the angiosperm male gametophyte, J.P.Mascarenhas sperm cell structure, development and organization, P. Roekel et al pollen development, applications in biotechnology, D.E.Evans et al.


ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been an apparent Europe-wide emerging presence of brown spot needle blight, a disease of pine species caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola. In this study, we report the first well-documented occurrences of the pathogen in Slovakia, identified molecularly using species-specific primers and based on sequencing of the ITS region and TEF1 gene. Among the material collected from 84 locations within the country, L. acicola was present in 17 samples from 13 different locations, mainly distributed in urban environments. Four pine species were identified as hosts, among which, Pinus nigra and P. mugo were found to be the most frequently infected. Analysis of the mating type genes of 24 isolates obtained from two localities revealed the presence of a single mating type in Slovakia. All analyzed ITS sequences of the Slovak isolates were found to be uniform. However, although analysis of the TEF1 gene indicated that all Slovak isolates could be grouped into a single lineage, we detected nucleotide polymorphisms suggestive of a certain degree of genetic diversification within central European populations of the fungus.