The heating rate increases in successive stages as a result of an increase in thermal conductivity, the increase in which comes before the increase in heat capacity and the density of the mass being coked. The time during which the coal charge stays in a plastic state decreases with an increase in the heating rate; in this connection, the thickness of the plastic layer is decreased whichever way it is shifted. However, the agglutinating power of the charge is increased due to considerable change in viscosity, and to an improvement in the plastic contact of the pyrolized mass of the coal granules under the effect of gravity and swelling. In the stages during which semi-coke and coke are formed, an increase in the heating rate leads to an increase in the temperature gradient and the shrinkage gradient in the elementary layers of a mass being coked. This produces thermal stresses, the level of which is higher, the higher the coking rate. However, in the middle layers of the halfwidth of the oven chamber, the thermal stresses become weak, and are brought together at various coking rates. Towards the end of the process, the mass being coked is freed from stresses, more » but the decrease in stresses is shifted into a region of higher temperatures with an increase in the coking rate. A generalizing indicator of the stressed state of a coked mass may be its heat resistance, the weighted-mean value of which is calculated using indicators of the stress of the elementary layers. The heat resistance of the coke mass decreases linearly when there is an increase in the coking rate from 27 to 37-40 mm/hr; it increases more sharply at a rate greater than 40 mm/hr. Moderate acceleration (to 37-40 mm/hr) is completely feasible in a wide oven when using modified silica in conjunction with thermal preparation of the charge. « less


Date Training To Be Completed By (after hire/new job): before working with hazard before entry before working 1st day before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before entry Before working Within 1st week of work before entry before working with hazard before working with hazard before working before working before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working with hazard before working before working with hazard before working with hazard Training Frequency (may be more frequent as per OH&S guideline) once once 3 yr 1 yr 3 yr once 3 yr 1 yr once once once 2 yr 2 yr 3 yr 3 yr 3 yr 3 yr 2 yr 2 yr 5 yr once 3 yr 3 yr 3 yr 2 yr 5 yr 5 yr 2 yr 4 yr 3 yr 3 yr 3 yr 4 yr once 6 mth 3 yr Academic & Administrative (Including Grad Students) X * X X X * X * X X Faculty (with Laboratory Research) X* X * X X X X X* X X * X* X* X X X Faculty (all others) X * X * X X X X X * X X X Animal Care & Veterinary Services X * X * X X* X X* X X * X X Caretaking X * X X X X * X X* X* X* X* X* X* X* X* X* X Hospitality Services X * X X* X X * X X Laboratory (including Grad Students) X * X * X X X* X X X * X X * X * X * X X X Library X * X X* X X * X X Information Technology Services X * X X* X X * X X Medical X * X * X X* X X * X X Facilities Engineering Centre X * X * X X X * X* X X* X* X* X* X* X* X* X Residence X * X X X * X X Supervisors X * X * X X * X X * X X Fire Prevention X * X * X X X * X* X X* X* X* X* X* X* X Campus Community Police X * X * X X* X X * X X* X* X* X Garage X * X X X X * X X* X* X * X* X Parking X * X X X * X X* X* X X*


Hybrid dysgenesis is manifested as a group of correlated aberrant genetic traits such as sterility, increased mu- tation rate, and male recombination. Previous work has shown that it appears when males of strains carrying either of two indepen- dent families of transposable elements called I and P factors are hybridized with females of susceptible strains called R and M, re- spectively. Here the results of an extensive survey for dysgenic potential in Drosophila melanogaster strains are reported. Striking temporal trends in the distribution of strains were observed with respect to the two transposable element systems; in particular, the frequency of R and M strains is positively correlated with labo- ratory age. In recent tests of strain samples, those collected from nature about 50 years ago were the earliest observed to possess I characteristics. The I type was increasingly frequent in samples from strains more recently originating in the wild. This type is ap- parently ubiquitous in present day natural populations. The P type was not found in strain samples collected before 1950, and collec- tions made subsequently showed increasing frequencies of P-fac- tor activity with decreasing laboratory age. Marked geographical patterns are documented in the contemporary worldwide distri- bution of variant strains within the P-M system. M strains are cur- rently fairly common in natural populations from various parts of the world, except on the American continent where they are rare. The degree and distribution of quantitative variation within M and P strain categories is related to their time of origin in the wild. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to the hy- pothesis that hybrid dysgenesis determinants have evolved re- cently in natural populations and to an alternative hypothesis of laboratory evolution.


The paper presents an analytic solution of propagation, re∞ection and refraction of broadband electromagnetic signals on fleld of multilayer optical materials in Matlab program, which is suitable for speciflc purposes of detail analysis of a general issue. Generally, the inhomogeneities and regions with difierent parameters appear even in the cleanest materials. During the electromagnetic wave passage through a material there occur an amplitude decrease and the wave phase shift, owing to the material characteristics such as conductivity, permittivity, or permeability. If a wave impinges on an inhomogeneity, a change of its propagation there occurs. This change materializes in two forms, namely the re∞ection and refraction. In addition to this process, polarization and interference may appear in the waves. The paper includes a theoretical analysis and references to the generated algorithms, which are verifled using numerical models. Numerical models are applied to facilitate the calculation process, and a wide range of programs like ANSYS, Comsol. The paper deals with the problem of complex angle of refraction in the losing medium. Methods describe in this paper are suitable for the analysis of beam refraction to the other side from the perpendicular line during the passage through the interface. This phenomenon is occur in metamaterials.


Analysis of hexaconzole-thiram WDG was studied by HPLC.The experimental conditions were asfollows: V_methanol∶V_water=75∶25 as mobile phase at 0.8 mL/min with detection wavelength at 320 nm for retention time of 0~10 min and at 223 nm for retention time of 10~20 min.Recoveries were 98.6%~100.5% for thiram,and coefficient of variation was 0.53% and 0.57%,respectively,whereas recoveries were 97.3%~99.5% for hexaconzole and 97.2%~99.7% bysuspension efficiency measurement,and coefficient of variation was 1.1% and 1.5%,respectively.


In this paper,Microsoft for the establishment and operation of a service-oriented applications WCF framework of the unity of the system architecture and technical elements and distributed through the development of specific applications,Analysis of the WCF for distributed development projects and the merits of the multi-storey development of technology,and show the distributed applications programming steps and techniques based on the WCF framework.


The efficacy of the triangle of economic interdependence, international organization, and democracy in constructing a zone of perpetual peace in Europe has led many commentators and practitioners to consider the viability of a similar liberal internationalist project in Northeast Asia. In contrast, this article contends that far from Northeast Asia being ripe for resolution in accordance with the liberal principles which brought peace to Europe in the second half of the twentieth century, the underlying strategic and security structures bear closer resemblance to those of Europe in the first half of the last century when liberal internationalism experienced a twenty-year crisis and the region was wracked by great power competition and confrontation. Nevertheless, there remains hope for the evolution of a zone of peace in Northeast Asia, but one based on rational and socially constructed pragmatic instruments rather than those of the liberal paradigm.


The preparation of amide-based cyclophane graphite modified electrode and its electrochemical properties were studied.The modified electrode gives aquasi-reversible redox peaks in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution(pH=6.80) over the potential range from-0.25 to 0.8 V(vs.SCE),in which the formal potential of the first redox peak is 0.300 V(vs.SCE).The formal potential shifts in negative direction with the increasing of pH values.The electrode reaction contains one electron and one proton.The amide-based cyclophane graphite modified electrode shows an electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of NADH in 0.1 mol·L-1 phosphate buffer solution.The diffusion coefficient of NADH was calculated as 1.4×10-6 cm2·s-1.The mechanism of the electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH was brought out.The peak currents were proportional to the concentrations of NADH in the range of 0.05~2.0 mmol·L-1.


Anodic polarization curves of the compounds Cu2S, Cu2Se, Cu2Te, Cu3As, Ag2S, Ag2Se, Ag2Te, AgCuSe, and NiO in copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution were studied with the aid of the potentiostatic technique. Some anodic oxidation mechanisms of these compounds have been made clear. It is shown that the oxidation potentials of copper compounds are slightly more noble than that of copper, but the polarization curves of silver compounds are shifted considerably to the noble side. There is a possibility that copper arsenide dissolves at some electrolytic conditions of copper refining. Nickel oxide does not dissolve on account of passivity.


Recent attempts to generalize the classical Onsager theory of nematic ordering to finite-density systems of finite-length hard convex bodies are related and compared. It is pointed out that, although good results can be obtained in three-dimensions (3D), in two dimensions (2D) the underlying factorization approximation of the radial and angular variables always implies a second-order isotropic-nematic transition instead of the crossover from a weakly first-order transition to a continuous (Kosterlitz-Thouless) transition as seen in the simulations. The quantitative agreement with the simulations is also much poorer in 2D than in 3D. On the contrary, for large spatial dimensions these theories become exact.


A three-dimensional (3D) ocean environment is assimilated with measured ocean data in the ASIAEX SCS (Asian Seas International Acoustics EXperiment, South China Sea) experiment. The experiment site is characterized as an active internal wave propagation region along the Northwestern shelf break of the South China Sea. Three-dimensional acoustics effects in the area are studied using FOR3DW, a wide-angle version of the parabolic equation code FOR3D (a Finite difference solution, an Ordinary differential equation, and Rational function approximations for solving 3D problems), and MOS3DPEF (MOdal Spectrum analysis based on 3D PE Field). The TL comparison between Nx2D and 3D calculations are shown to demonstrate the 3D effects. Variations in topography of the shelf break and in the water column due to the internal waves cause the 3D effects in the acoustic field. The intercomparison of the importance of bottom steering 3D effects and nonlinear internal wave refraction 3D effects is therefore proposed to realize which possesses the major part of the 3D effects. Also, 3D modal analysis results show that the nonlinear internal wave front causes severe horizontal refraction for higher modes.


Hydrometallurgy has become one of the most economical processes for recovering metals from low-grade matte. Matte is a mixture of metal sulphides and precious metals produced from the smelting of sulphide ores. Acid leaching unselectively separates the base metals from the precious metals, producing a liquor rich in base metals and leaving a solid residue rich in precious metals. Solvent extraction (SX) and electrowinning (EW) can be used to recover marketable base metal products from the liquor. Gaseous reduction can also be employed to produce base metal powders (Agrawal et al., 2006). There are different types of leaching techniques and each type has requirements in terms of particle size, leaching time, agitation rate, etc. to ensure an efficient process and high percentage metal extraction. Agitation leaching in batch vessels operated under atmospheric or high pressure has been widely used commercially for processing Ni, Cu, and Co sulphide concentrates. Leaching of these mattes has been conducted using ammonia or acid solutions following the developmental work of Sherritt Gordon in the period 1950–1969 (Forward and Mackiw, 1955; Pearce et al., 1960). The choice between acid and ammonia leaching has been based on local conditions or the composition of the matte. Acid leaching has been used for mattes with substantial cobalt contents (above 3%), while ammonia leaching has been widely used for Ni-Cu mattes with low cobalt contents (Pearce et al., 1960). However, with further developments in acid pressure leaching technology by Sherritt Gordon in the 1960s most Ni-Cu mattes have been treated using acid leaching. Impala Platinum commissioned the first commercial acid pressure leaching process for treating Ni-Cu mattes containing platinum group metals (PGMs) in horizontal autoclaves in 1969, and since then acid leaching has been widely used in the South African platinum industry (Plasket and Romanchuk, 1978). Acid leaching can be conducted in a sulphate or chloride medium. The sulphate medium has been widely used, especially in South Africa, because the process equipment used is more adaptable to sulphate rather than chloride systems and there is no possibility of platinum dissolution as in chloride systems (Brugman and Kerfoot, 1986). However, chloride systems have the following advantages; most metal chlorides are more soluble than sulphate salts, leaching can be performed at moderate temperatures, and the oxidation process yields elemental sulphur, which is environmentally more acceptable than sulphate from sulphuric acid leaching (Park et al., 2006). Given these advantages and the development of corrosion-resistant material, Atmospheric oxidative and non-oxidative leaching of Ni-Cu matte by acidified ferric chloride solution


The order-[h bar] fluctuations of gauge fields in the vicinity of a black hole can create a repulsive antigravity region extending out beyond the renormalized Schwarzschild horizon. If the strength of this repulsive force increases as higher orders in the back reaction are included, the formation of a wormholelike object could occur.


To standardize trade union at county level,we must understand the important status and role of trade union at county level,strengthen the leading of work,make duties definite,launch more resources into work and,improve assessment so as to build up a mechanism with composition of forces.We must adopt measure and find out key points,set up systems in order to promote the long-term effect mechanism.


Here we report the preparation of Eu3+-doped cubic NaYF4 and hexagonal Na(Y1.5Na0.5)F6 nanocrystals and the crystal phase is modified by temperature of heating and varying the Y3+/F− ratio. The volume fraction of the cubic phase decreases from 100 to 55% with increasing the temperature from 80 to 400 °C, and the lattice strain can be modified by changing the crystal phase. The PL intensity, decay time, and quantum efficiency are found to be sensitive to the crystal phase and excitation wavelength. The PL intensity of hexagonal phase sample is stronger than the cubic phase sample under direct excitation and reversal result is obtained under charge transfer (CT) excitation. Under 394 nm excitation, the decay time increases from 5.92 to 7.58 ms with changing the crystal phase from cubic to hexagonal. It is interesting to note that the decay time also varies with changing the excitation wavelength. The quantum efficiency value increases from 4.3 to 67.4% with changing from charge transfer excitation to direct...


Guttmacher describes his early medical experiences (since 1925) with the unavailability of abortions that led him to seek changes both to curb the morbidity and mortality of illegal abortions and to eliminate the ethnic and social discrimination that was inherent to all induced abortions. In this early period obstetricians and gynecologists were the most conservative medical group in regard to abortion. Until 1940 the decision to permit or deny a therapeutic abortion in an individual case was made solely by the chief of the obstetrical service at which time this decision was made by a committee. In 1960-62 in New York the incidence of abortion was 3.9/1000 live births in proprietary institutions; in voluntary hospitals the incidence was 2.4 on the private service and 0.7 on the ward service. There was also a marked ethnic differential; the ratio of therapeutic abortions per 1000 live births was 2.6 for Whites 0.5 for Blacks and 0.1 for Puerto Ricans. An American Law Institute code developed in 1962 as part of overriding changes in the penal code recommended that abortion should be permitted in cases where continuation of the pregnancy would impair the mothers physical or mental health. Most controversial was documenting significant trauma to the psychic stability of the pregnant woman. Between 1967-68 the incidence of legal abortions in the US increased from 2.59 to 5.19/1000 live births and abortions for psychiatric indications increased from 1.50 to 3.61/1000. By 1969 Guttmacher arrived at the conclusion that abortion on request was the only way to democratize abortion and sufficiently increase the numbers performed so as to decrease the incidence of illegal abortions. In 1970 the New York State Legislature amended the State Penal Code to permit licensed physicians to perform abortions for consenting women less than 24 weeks pregnant.


We have recently discovered that BRAF inhibitors induce potent macrophage responses that confer melanoma resistance to therapy. Our studies lay a foundation for the hypothesis that macrophages switch their role from a passenger to a driver for tumor survival during therapeutic treatment, suggesting that agents that target macrophages can be an important component of "cocktail" anticancer therapy.


This paper deals with the state feedback stabilization problem for a class of upper-triangular stochastic time-delay systems. By adopting a series of coordinate transformation, the original system is firstly transformed into an equivalent one with a designed parameter. On the basis of homogeneous domination approach and stochastic time-delay system stability theory, by suitable choosing a Lyapunov-Krasoviskii functional (LKF) and the designed parameter, the state feedback controller is constructed and guaranteed that the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable in probability (GASiP). The efficiency of the proposed controller is verified by a simulation example.


Based on the vehicle dynamics theory,the 2-DOF active suspension model was studied to establish its dynamic model and the road model.Besides,the fuzzy controller were designed with dynamic deflection of the suspension as the controlling object.The 2-DOF active suspension model and the stochastic uneven road model were established in Matlab/Simulink in combination of the fuzzy controller to simulate the performance of active suspension.The results show that the active suspension can effectively suppress vehicle vibration,and improve the riding performance and security.


GAPS is an international balloon-borne project that contributes to solving the dark-matter mystery through a highly sensitive survey of cosmic-ray antiparticles, especially undiscovered antideuterons. To achieve a sufficient sensitivity to rare antideuterons, a novel particle identification method based on exotic atom capture and decay has been developed. In parallel to utilizing this unique event signature in a conventional likelihood-based event identification scheme, we have begun investigating a complementary approach using a machine learning technique. In this new approach, a deep-learning package is trained on a large amount of input data from simulated antiparticle events through a multi-layered neural network. By applying this unbiased approach, we expect to mine unknown patterns and give feedback to the conventional method. In this paper, we report results from exploratory investigations that illustrate the promise of this new approach.


Employees in the Pharmaceutical industry are coming late to work and knocking off early. These actions unveiled by the employees are likely to incur economic costs on the employer, occasioned by low employee productivity. Owners of production have expressed concern over the general low staff morale in the pharmaceutical sector. While most studies have concentrated on internal job-related factors as drivers of employee engagement, this study seeks to assess employee engagement as being influenced by black tax, an external factor. The main aim of the research was to establish the influence of black tax on employee engagement, being mediated by idiocentrism-allocentrism, particularly focussing on the pharmaceutical manufacturing and retailing industry in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. The study employed the philosophical approach of pragmatism to guide the whole research. The researcher adopted a multi-stage sampling technique supported by the census technique to pick participants from the population. Closed and open-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from qualified pharmacists who are working in both the manufacturing and retailing industry in Bulawayo. Statistical Package for Social Sciences v23 (Process v3.5 by Andrew F. Hayes) was used to test the hypothesized relationship among variables. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results suggest that black tax directly influence employee engagement in the presence of a mediator (idiocentrism-allocentrism). Furthermore, the results indicate that the indirect coefficient was partially significant, which means that idiocentrism-allocentrism has a partial influence on employee engagement. The researchers recommend that management should ensure that employees are motivated all the time. They should implement an open-door policy so that employees can share their issues that affect their engagement level at work.


The 2021 4th International Conference on Advanced Algorithms and Control Engineering (ICAACE 2021) was successfully held online through Zoom on Jan. 29-31, 2021. Due to COVID-19 and the pandemic-related nationwide lockdowns and other coordinated restrictive measures, the organizers decided to hold a conference in a virtual format with the organization of access for all participants to the presented reports with comprehensive discussion for ensuring the event at a high scientific level. ICAACE 2021 is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of advanced algorithms and control engineering to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in advanced algorithms and control engineering. And another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world. The conference will be held every year to make it an ideal platform for people to share views and experiences in advanced algorithms and control engineering and related areas. The safety and well-being of all conference participants is our priority. The COVID-19 is unpredictable, so conference postponement met uncertainty, while many scholars and researchers want to attend this long-waited conference and have academic exchanges with their peers. But I want to note that there are no barriers to science, and we continue to work on our research areas remotely, using modern technical means. Under this situation, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars, whose submissions were selected as the excellent papers, were given about 5-10 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, keynote speakers were each allocated 30-45 minutes to hold their speeches. More than 110 participants attended the meeting. We were greatly honored to have invited Prof. Ghassan Beydoun, from University of Technology Sydney and A. Prof. Antti Rasila, from Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Guangdong Technion to serve as our General Conference Chair. There were over 20 experts and scholars in the area of Advanced Algorithms and Control Engineering representing different famous universities and institutes around the globe to form Conference Committees. List of Committee members are available in the pdf.


Soft power is a perennial buzzword in policy discussions, but its popularity has not translated into scholarly or policy impact. In this policy article, I argue that this is because many references to soft power are vague and undefined, referring to any use of culture or ideology in a state's foreign policy and leaving unclear soft power's relationship with hard power. Drawing on recent scholarly work on nonmaterial sources of power, I address this issue by arguing that soft power is one among several forms of cultural–symbolic instruments of power that can either complement or substitute for material resources. I also provide a typology to categorize these forms, according to whether they involve direct or diffuse relations, and whether they are intended to integrate or fragment international collective action. This approach can provide more specific language to both analyze and advocate for alternatives to military and economic tools in statecraft. I demonstrate its utility with illustrative case studies on Saudi and Russian foreign policy. This article can contribute to policy debates by allowing for more clarity in discussions on soft power and related forms of power. It can also contribute to scholarship in this area by helping to better connect it to policy discussions.


Objective. To compare systemic disease activity by validated tools, i.e., the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) and the Clinical ESSDAI (ClinESSDAI) scores, between primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) with positive serum cryoglobulins and pSS without serum cryoglobulins. Methods. There were 825 consecutive patients with pSS who were retrospectively evaluated. Results. The ESSDAI and the ClinESSDAI scores were significantly higher in cryoglobulin-positive patients (p < 0.0001, for both scores). Cryoglobulinemia was significantly associated with these domains: constitutional (p = 0.003), lymphadenopathy (p = 0.007), glandular (p = 0.0002), cutaneous (p < 0.0001), peripheral nervous system (p < 0.0001), hematological (p = 0.004), and biological (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Cryoglobulin-positive patients show the highest systemic activity in pSS.


C6H3CsN206, triclinic, P I (No. 2), a = 7.114(2) Ä, b = 7.572(1) A, c = 9 .314(2) Ä, α = 92.18(1)° , β = 111.82(2)°, γ = 107.64(2)°, V = 437.4 Ä 3 , Ζ = 2, R&(F) = 0.019, wRKf(F2) = 0 .052, 7"= 291 Κ. Source of material The starting compound 4,6-dinitroresorcinol was synthesized according the procedure described by Beyerlein [1]. The title compound was obtained by neutralizing a water-ethanolic 1:1 solution of 4,6-dinitroresorcinol with cesium carbonate (CS2CO3 9 9 . 8 % Aldrich) in a 2:1 molar ratio at room temperature by cont inuous st irr ing for 4 0 minutes . T h e resul t ing ces ium 4,6-dinitroresorcinolate was isolated and recrystallized twice from ethanol-water and after that from doubly distilled water. Over 530 Κ the compound decomposes without melting. The purity of the compound was confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and mass spectrometry. Red transparent crystals, suitable for X-ray diffraction were grown from solution o f doubly distilled water by slow evaporation over period of two weeks. Table 3. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Ä). Discussion Organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have attracted much attention in the past years due to potential applications in various fields such as telecommunication, optical data storage and optical information processing. Because of their notable chemical flexibility that allows for molecular engineering of the nonlinear optical responses and their fast electronic responses, organic materials are particularly interesting candidates for the elaboration of optimized NLO materials [2, 3 , 4 ] , The conversion o f hydroxy group o f 4,6-dinitroresorcinol into the corresponding oxo-anion is a way to enhance the charge transfer transition on the molecular level a requisite for a design o f efficient secondand third-order nonlinear optical materials. Table 1. Data collection and handling. Crystal: orange parallelepiped. size 0.2 χ 0.2 χ 0.2 mm Wavelength: Mo Ka radiation (0.71073 A) μ: 42.46 cm"1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Nonius MACH3, 2θ/ω 29max: 54.9° WfrOmeasured, N(hkl)unlqut: 2161,1999 Criterion for I0bS, N(hkl)gi. /obs > 2 o(/ 0 bs) , 1 9 3 3 N(param)Kr,ned: 149 Programs: PARST95 [5], SHELXS-97 [6], SHELXTL [7], SHELXL-97 [8] Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in A2). Atom Site X y ζ l/iso H ( 3 ) 21 0 . 2 9 3 ( 5 ) 0 . 7 8 6 ( 5 ) 0 . 0 3 3 ( 4 ) 0 . 0 3 6 ( 8 ) H ( 6 ) 2 i 0 . 2 1 6 ( 5 ) 0 . 1 8 4 ( 5 ) 0 . 1 3 5 ( 4 ) 0 . 0 3 5 ( 8 ) H ( 4 ) 2/ 0 . 2 3 3 ( 8 ) 0 . 4 8 6 ( 7 ) 0 . 2 4 8 ( 6 ) 0 . 0 7 ( 2 ) Atom Site χ y ζ V\\ Uli ί/33 U\2 U13 t/23 Cs 2i 0.27477(3) 0.88625(2) 0.59453(2) 0.0579(1) 0.0266(1) 0.0330(1) 0.01348(8) 0.02787(9) 0.00514(7) C( l ) 2 i 0.2554(4) 0.4389(3) 0.2312(3) 0.030(1) 0.027(1) 0.022(1) 0.0093(9) 0.0128(9) 0.0057(9) C(2) 2 i 0.2863(4) 0.6333(3) 0.2077(3) 0.032(1) 0.026(1) 0.025(1) 0.0082(9) 0.0141(9) 0.0023(9) C(3) 2 i 0.2836(4) 0.6650(4) 0.0560(3) 0.037(1) 0.023(1) 0.028(1) 0.011(1) 0.016(1) 0.0059(9) C(4) 2 i 0.2509(4) 0.5283(3) -0.0586(3) 0.029(1) 0.026(1) 0.023(1) 0.0087(9) 0.0122(9) 0.0066(9) C(5) 2 i 0.2241(4) 0.3410(3) -0.0268(3) 0.031(1) 0.023(1) 0.024(1) 0.0103(9) 0.0144(9) 0.0024(8) C(6) 2 i 0.2286(4) 0.3017(3) 0.1181(3) 0.032(1) 0.023(1) 0.025(1) 0.0105(9) 0.0123(9) 0.0060(9) * Correspondence author (e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com) 64 Cesium 4,6-dinitroresorcinolate


In the early years of the People's Republic of China,trade in rural markets in Hebei Province was in depression because of war.Facing these difficulties,the new government adopted a series of measures,such as bringing in to full play the functions of government services,respecting market rules and mobilizing diverse market subjects,greatly increasing the number of rural markets,expanding scale,enriching forms and ways of exchange and the trade in rural markets prospered.


Analysis and comparison is made about the impact of different pressure distance on its stability in this paper,by measuring the conductivity,NH_4NO_3 precipitation amount and solubility of emulsion matrix and emulsion explosive.Based on swelling interface theory,the relationship of the interfacial film and the stability is propounded,and the compressive strength of emulsion explosive before the sensitization is revealed to be superior to that of after sensitization.Studies in this paper will be very important for solving the problem of incomplete blasting or misfire when emulsion explosive used in millisecond delay blasting.


Specific types of atomic coherences between Zeeman sublevels can be generated and detected using a method based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light. Linearly polarized, frequency-modulated light is employed to selectively generate ground-state coherences between Zeeman sublevels for which $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}m=2$ and $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}m=4$ in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms, and additionally $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}m=6$ in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$. The atomic coherences are detected with a separate, unmodulated probe light beam. Separation of the pump and probe beams enables independent investigation of the processes of creation and detection of the atomic coherences. With the present technique the transfer of the Zeeman coherences, including high-order coherences, from excited to ground state by spontaneous emission has been observed.


The article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current state of smart healthcare systems, focusing on important topics such as the use of wearables and smartphones for health monitoring, the application of AI and machine learning for illness detection, and the integration of assistive frameworks like social robots for ambient-supported living. One of the key aspects discussed in the study is the software integration architectures required for the development of smart healthcare systems and the seamless integration of data. Analytics and various AI technologies are utilized in conjunction to create these systems. The article examines the different approaches employed in the development of these systems, highlighting the contributions of each framework, the overall functioning methodology, performance outputs, and comparative advantages and limitations. Moreover, the article also addresses current research challenges and identifies prospective future directions. It emphasizes the shortcomings of existing smart healthcare systems and proposes strategies for introducing innovative frameworks to overcome these limitations. The analysis aims to provide detailed insights into recent advancements in smart healthcare systems, enabling specialists to contribute to the field with their expertise. Overall, the article serves as a valuable resource for understanding the current landscape of smart healthcare systems, shedding light on recent breakthroughs, and encouraging further research and development in this rapidly evolving field.


The Amapá State has an important natural lake syste m, known as "The Amapá Lakes Region". Most of these lakes are on the south ern part of Amapá's coastal plain, which has 300 km of extension and it's composed by holocenic sediments deposited at the northern part of Amazon River to the Orange Cap e located on the northern part of Amapá state. This region is under influence of the Amazon River discharge which is the largest liquid discharge of about 209.000 m3/s and biggest sediment budget discharged on the ocean in the order 6.10 8 ton per day. The climate is influenced by the Inter tropical Convergence Zone and El Niño Southern Oscillation w hich act mainly under precipitation, nebulosity, local rivers and tidal h idrology. In this region lake belts are Ocidental, Oriental and Meridional Lake Belts. The last one is formed by the by the lakes Comprido de Cima, Botos, Bacia, Lodão, Ventos, Mutu co and Comprido de Baixo. These lakes are the closest to the Araguari River a nd re characterized by pelitic sedimentation associated with fluvial and estuarine flood plains under influence of tides. The lakes are interconnected, suffer influence of f l od pulses from the Tartarugal, Tartarugalzinho and Araguari rivers and the hydrody namic and morphodynamic know edge is poor. Volume and area reduction, natural eu trophication, anthophic influence, hidrodynamic alterations, morphological changes and re factors which can contribute to the closing of such lakes on the Meridional Lake Be lt. This belt is inside the boundaries of the Biological Reserve of Piratuba Lake, created in 1980 for integral protection. Due to the fragility of the environment together with t he poor knowledge of the system and with the study area relevancy it is necessary to kn ow the hydrodynamic and geoenvironmental processes. This work aims the char a terization of morphodynamic and hydrodynamic processes in order to understand the g eoambiental context of the Meridional Lake Belt, from the Comprido de Baixo La ke to the dos Ventos Lake, including the Tabaco Igarape. Methodology was based on the hydrodynamic data acquisition: liquid discharge (acoustic method), ti des, bathymetry and the interpretation of multitemporal remote sensing images, integrated in a Geographic Information System (GIS). By this method charts of the medium liquid d ischarges of Lake Mutuco and Tabacco Igarape the maximum velocity of flow were e stimated in: 1.1 m/s, 1.6 m/s and 1.6 m/s (rainy season) and 0.6 m/s, 0.6 m/s and 0.7 m/s (dry period), the maximum flow in: 289 m3/s, 297 m3/s and 379 m3/s (rainy season) and 41 m3/s , 79 m3/s and 105 m3/s (dry period), respectively. From the interpretation of multitemporal satellite images, maps were developed together with the analysis of the la k s and Tobaco Igarape evolution from 1972 to 2008, and were classified according to the degree of balance in the area: stable areas, eutrophic areas, areas of gain, and e roded areas. Troughout analysis of the balance of areas, it was possible to quantify the v olume of lake areas occupied by aquatic macrophytes. The study sought to understand the hyd rod namic and morphodynamic processes occurring in the region, contributing to the elucidation of the processes which cause and/or favor geoenvironmental changes in the region; all such information is fundamental to making the management of the area an d further definition of parameters for environmental monitoring and contributing to th e development of the management plan of the Biological Reserve of Lake Piratuba. Th e work activities is a part of the Project "Integration of Geological, geophysical and geochemical data to Paleogeographic rebuilding of Amazon Coast, from the Neogene to the Recent.


Guidelines, tips, and more to help WCC faculty with preparing their applications for contract renewal, promotion, tenure and 5-year review. A collection of renewed contracts and approved dossiers from WCC faculty.


The current issue of Police Practice & Research (PPR) presents six research articles and two book reviews, all well conceptualized and deftly executed by the authors across different countries. This collection demonstrates the wide spectrum of contributions that PPR attracts globally. The articles are structured broadly around the following themes: police communication, career paths, validity of an inventory on police, burnout, community policing, and criminal victimization. They are fruits of the intellectual labor of twenty-two scholars and practitioners from seven countries in North America, Europe and Australia. This issue, like all other issues, is enriched by collaborations between police researchers and practitioners which is integral to PPR. In the lead article, Predictors of physiological stress and psychological distress in police communicators, Cheryl Regehr and her colleagues analyze an important professional issue, i.e. the influence of physiological stress and psychological distress in police communicators and the impact of these variables on police effectiveness in Canada. They provide guidance as to how police communicators could be helped to cope with post-traumatic stress. The authors are quick to stress the need for caution noting that 'the direction of relationship between variables cannot be determined from cross-sectional design of this study.' Using ethnographic approach, Pauline Ramshaw reports in her article, Community policing and lateral career paths, a synergy between career paths and community policing. The study has identified a new model of voluntary job turnover. This is a significant contribution to the existing knowledge on lateral career paths in policing with emphasis on community policing. T.Z. Taylor and colleagues, in their article A Police Officer's Tacit Knowledge Inventory (POTKI): establishing construct validity and exploring applications, discuss the development and validation of Police Officer's Tacit Knowledge Inventory (POTKI). They point out that POTKI's psychometric aptitudinal relevance in the prediction of post-academy performance of police officers was useful in predicting performance. The researchers endorse the need to use POTKI as a screening tool for the problem-solving ability of police officers. Seminal and ambitious both in contents and context, the article Prevalence of burnout and associations with psychosocial work environment, physical strain, and stress of conscience among Swedish female and male police personnel by Susann Backteman-Erlanson, Mojgan Padyab and Christine Brulin echoes the universal recognition on how demanding of attention is the subject of burnout in policing. They add that it is also daunting and more pronounced 'in police personnel than in other populations'. Grounded in robust review of the literature, and detailed descriptive analysis of the personal and psychological factors of the participants, the findings of this research are very germane to policy issues in policing most especially on gender.


Systemic blastomycosis was diagnosed in a 5-yr-old male captive polar bear (Ursus maritimus). Initial signs of disease were intermittent anorexia, weight loss, malaise, and occasional weakness in the rear legs. Thoracic radiographs revealed pleural effusion and diffuse interstitial lung disease. The definitive diagnosis of blastomycosis was made by cytologie examination and culture of pleural fluid. The blastomycosis was cured by treatment with the investigational oral antifungal triazole drug, itraconazole, for 90 days. Complete blood count, serum chemistry, and radiologie evaluation were used at 30-day intervals to monitor treatment. At a dose of 4.3 mg/kg/day, serum and pleural fluid itraconazole levels of up to 1.65 Mg/ml and 0.89 Mg/ml were achieved. The polar bear did not show signs of toxicity to itraconazole. In vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum lethal concentrations of this isolate for ketoconazole and itraconazole were compared.


The geographic distribution of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) was analyzed using a database of 12377 geo-referenced observations. In the old world (including Asia, Africa and Europe) there are ca. 2900 euploid species classified in 166 distinct sections. In this study using geographic information system (GIS) by means of DIVA-GIS (ver. 4) distribution map of some more important sections in the old world was illustrated. A grid of 50 × 50 km cells were used to map the biodiversity and species richness. These maps showed west Asia with over half of all species and ca. 1000 endemics is most significant region.


Phenotypic changes resembling an epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition often occur as epithelial cells become tumorigenic. Two proteins that have been implicated in this process are vimentin and N‐cadherin. In this study, we sought to establish a link between expression of vimentin and N‐cadherin as oral squamous epithelial cells undergo a morphologic change resembling an epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition. We found that N‐cadherin and vimentin did not influence the expression of one another. J. Cell. Biochem. 78:141–150, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


A recurring theme in any consideration of the position of women in science is the decrement of female representation in science programs as they become more advanced-from undergraduate through predoctoral, postdoctoral, and faculty levels (Benditt 1992, Clutter et al. 1989, Pickle 1991, Vetter 1990). Although this attrition is attributable to factors operating at every level, one problem common to all scientific disciplines is the lack of employment opportunities for twocareer couples, that is "the difficulty of finding jobs for two professionals who are frequently in the same field" (Selvin 1992). An astonishing percentage of married female scientists (e.g., 80% of female mathematicians and 69% of


Abstract Infographics are a visualisation tool that can be used to improve retention, comprehension and appeal of complex concepts. The rise of infographic use in education has facilitated new forms of application and design of these tools. Instructor-provided summary infographics are a new form of infographic, whereby key learning objectives and content are summarised in graphical form at the end of a lesson. However, it is unknown whether these types of infographics can support learning in online environments. This exploratory research investigates student perceptions, retention, applications and activity generation of instructor-provided summary infographics in a massive online learning environment. Using both post-course learner survey data (n = 1,899) and text mining analysis (n = 72,490 words), results present how learners perceived instructor-provided summary infographics as useful and appealing for retaining, clarifying and understanding learning concepts. The research contributes a novel understanding of summary infographics in online learning environments, and supports their use as a design tool for educational delivery in the online space.


Abstract Objective: to assess the state of vitamin D metabolism in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods: We examined 49 patients, which were hospitalized for inpatient treatment of COVID-19 infection from May to June 2020. Study group included 24 men (49%) and 25 women (51%), median age 58 years [48; 70], BMI 26.4 kg/m2 [24.3; 30.5]. All patients were diagnosed with pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 with median percent of lung involvement equal to 29% [14; 37], 22 patients (45%) required oxygen support upon admission. Median SpO2 was equal to 95% (92; 97), median NEWS score was equal to 3 [2; 6]. Participants were tested for vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 and D3) by UPLC-MS/MS, free 25(OH)D and vitamin D-binding protein by ELISA, as well as PTH by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and routine biochemical parameters of blood serum (calcium, phosphorus, albumin) at the time of admission. Results: patients had in general very low 25()D3 levels - median 10.9 ng/mL [6.9; 15.6], corresponding to a pronounced vitamin D deficiency in half of the patients. Levels of 24,25(OH)2D3 were also low – 0.5 ng/mL [0.2; 0.9], and resulting vitamin D metabolite ratios (25(OH)D3/24,25(OH)2D3) were high-normal or elevated in most patients – 24.1 [19.0; 39.2], indicating decreased activity of 24-hydroxylase. Levels of 1,25(OH)2D3, on the contrary, were high-normal or elevated - 57 pg/mL [46; 79], which, in accordance with 25(OH)D3/1,25(OH)2D3 ratio (219 [134; 266]) suggests an increase in 1α-hydroxylase activity. Median level of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was 0.7 ng/mL [0.4; 1.0] and D3 metabolite was detectable only in 6 patients. Median DBP level was 432 mg/L [382; 498], median free 25(OH)D was 5.6 pg/mL [3.3; 6.7], median calculated free 25(OH)D was 2.0 pg/mL [1.4; 3.3]. Most patients had albumin-adjusted serum calcium level in the lower half of reference range (median 2.24 mmol/L [2.14; 2.34]). Seven patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism and one patient had primary hyperparathyroidism, the rest of the patients had PTH levels within the normal range.25(OH)D3 levels showed significant negative correlation with percent of lung involvement (r = -0.36, p<0.05) and positive correlation with SpO2 (r = 0.4, p<0.05). 1,25(OH)2D3 levels correlated positively with 25(OH)D3 levels (r = 0.38, p<0.05) and did not correlate significantly with PTH levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggests that hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection have significant impairment of vitamin D metabolism, in particular, an increase in 1α-hydroxylase activity, which cannot be fully explained by pre-existing conditions such as vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The observed profound vitamin D deficiency and association of vitamin D levels with markers of disease severity indicate the importance of vitamin D supplementation in these patients.


Artificial neural networks are of interest for two main reasons. First, they provide architectures to implement many algorithms used in speech rccognizcrs with fine grain massive parallelism. Second, they are leading to new computational algorithms and new approaches to speech recognition inspired by biological nervous systems. Neural net approaches to the problems of speech preprocessing, pattern classification, and time alignment are reviewed. Preprocessors using auditory nerve time‐synchrony models have provided improved recognition performance in noise [O. Ghitza, ICASSP 87, 2372–2375]. Highly parallel neural net architectures exist to implement many important traditional classification algorithms, such as k‐nearest neighbor and Gaussian classifiers [R. Lippmann, IEEE ASSP Mag. 4(2), 4–22 (1987)]. Newer multilayer perceptron classifiers trained with back propagation can form arbitrary decision regions, are robust, and train rapidly for convex decision regions. These nets performed as well as conventio...


Hexamethyldisilane has been pyrolysed in a static system between 523 and 555° at initial pressures of 0·2 to 0·8 mm.Hg. The product composition was determined, and the rate of formation of products found to be of the first order,k(sec.–1)= 1013·5 ± 1·0 exp –(67,300 ± 2,200)/RT. The activation energy is identified with the bond dissociation energy, D(Me3Si–SiMe3), and a mechanism suggested which accounts for the products and kinetic features, and, qualitatively, for the different results of other workers. The ionisation potential of the trimethylsilyl radical is calculated to be 7·1 eV.


With temperatures close to zero in winter, a life drawing group in one of Australia's coldest cities often finds it hard to get models to go naked. But that's not deterring them in their dedication to the discipline of anatomical art.


SUMMARY Brody (1945) concluded that the inflection point of the growth curve of domestic animals coincides with the onset of puberty and is coupled with an increase in proportion of fat gain at that time. This purported coincidence of growth inflection and onset of puberty has been termed the 'Brody Law'. Recent findings suggesting a pivotal role of body energy reserves, communicated by the metabolic hormone leptin, on the onset of puberty led to the hypothesis that sheep must reach the inflection point of growth (AIP) considerably before the onset of puberty (AOP). In order to test this hypothesis, growth curves were fitted for ewe lambs on different growth trajectories from two experiments. Both experiments examined the effect of growth trajectory on AOP in ewe lambs. One data set was developed in France with Merino sheep; the other came from two distinct genetic lines of Targhee sheep in the USA. The French experiment subjected ewe lambs to two different feeding levels, while the USA experiment compared two nutritional regimens differing in both energy and protein concentration. Several non-linear models described in the literature as potentially useful for modelling weight–age relationships were fitted. The Logistic function was identified as the superior model for all datasets. All animals in both experiments reached AIP considerably before AOP. AOP was defined using two criteria threshold levels of progesterone as AOP1 ⩾0·5 ng/ml and AOP2 ⩾1 ng/ml progesterone. For the USA data, multivariate analysis of AIP, AOP1 and AOP2 demonstrated that nutritional treatment was highly significant; this was also the case for the multivariate analysis of AIP, degree of maturity at AOP1 (DOM1) and DOM2. The correlation between AIP and DOM was highly negative. In contrast, the feeding treatment in the French experiments had no effect on any of the response variables except estimated mature weight. However, AIP was negatively correlated with DOM1 and DOM2. AOP was highly positively correlated with DOM. Most notably, AIP was not correlated with AOP1 or AOP2 in either experiment, and all animals reached AIP considerably before AOP1. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that growing female sheep must reach a certain minimum level of body fatness before the onset of puberty. Genetic group and nutritional treatment significantly affect growth curve parameters; hence, the age at which this (currently unknown) level is reached must strongly depend on nutritional regimen. It is concluded that growth modelling per se cannot be used to infer onset of puberty, and that endocrine thresholds do not necessarily demarcate distinct phases of the growth curve.


As a knowledge representation framework and a kind of probability inference engine, Bayesian networks are widely used in reasoning and decision-making. Causal reasoning plays an important role in situation assessment (SA). Finding out the hidden patterns between situation hypothesis and events is the function needed in situation assessment. In this paper, a Bayesian network model for situation assessment is set up. Based on different link relationship, the fusion and propagation algorithms of new information through the network are introduced. Finally, an example is provided to show the calculation process of the network.


A study examined multiculturalism and diversity through accommodations for minority and international students in LEAP (Learning Edge Academic Program), a six-week summer program for freshmen at a major Eastern university. Subjects included administrators, mentors, instructors, and students, who were interviewed regarding their perceptions on the issues. Program and university policy documents were examined as well. Results indicated five themes: (1) diverse vs. mainstream culture; (2) reality vs. expectations; (3) diversity awareness vs. lack of awareness; (4) education; and (5) identity. Findings suggest that differences in minority vs. majority perceptions exist, including differences in metaphor usage, different ideas of American culture, and different definitions of diversity. Additional research should entail a larger, more comprehensive study including more thorough examination of multicultural aspects and more implementation of policy statements. (Contains 12 references and a table comparing major themes and metaphors.) (EF) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.


Field and laboratory assessment of barotrauma to fish caused by percussion and/or decompression is complicated by the occurrence of injuries that do not result in immediate mortality. Accurate estimation of the consequence of exposure to impulsive sound must consider injuries that result in mortality delayed beyond typical post‐exposure holding periods of exposed animals or that debilitate and lead to indirect mortality. Research of the response of fish to impulsive decompression over the past several years has resulted in development of a metric, mortal injury, that appears to more completely describe the biological cost to juvenile fish of exposure to rapid decompression. This measurement method has been extended to assessment of the response of juvenile fish to exposure to impulsive sound caused by blasting. The implications for assessment of take of listed species by blasting is evaluated by comparing mortality assessed over a 48‐h holding period following exposure with that by necropsy for determinat...


Game engines are effective in generating and visualizing digital twins of urban environment in real time. However, current game engines are not built to handle the influx of real time data streams from a diverse array of IoT devices, nor can they render a real-time dynamic mesh streamed from a scanning device such as a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system. In this paper, a combination of pre-processing and post-processing techniques are considered in variably processed batches of point-cloud data. Additionally, we propose a quantitative error analysis for points generated on our experimental aerial mapping platform, as well as an analysis for the accuracy improvement after post-processing. Experimental results show that the proposed rendering algorithm and post-processing could enable a game engine to efficiently generate a highly accurate digital twin of urban environment.


Through modeling the finite element analysis for the16Mn residual stress blind hole method,changes for the stress and strain along the hole are simulated.The relationship between the stress,strain changes caused by the residual stress and the factor A,B value released by the strain are revealed.And A,B value could be calculated with the calculation resulted from the finite element for stress and strain.Coefficient of strain release can be standardized and revised through the following three kinds of methods.They are the strain of mid-point method,the stress of mid-point method and the average strain method.The comparison of three methods shows that the calculation results is in conformance with the experimental results with high accuracy.Thus the accuracy of finite element simulation for residual stress and the diversity of A,B values for standardizing and revising are approved.


The Space Exploration Initiative requires a heavy-lift launch vehicle to succeed. Reviving the Saturn V represents the best option for regaining heavy-lift. Utilizing the Saturn V's two-stage-to-orbit capability will allow the S-II second stage to be used as an orbital transfer stage. Berthed and refueled at a simple low earth orbital transportation node, the S-II will support the assembly of large lunar payloads for transfer to trans-lunar trajectories. Reviving the smaller Saturn 1B as a launch vehicle for the HL-20 Personnel Launch System will provide safer access to space since the HL-20 is being designed with abort capabilities for all flight regimes.


We continue to give dates based on the half-life of 5568 years according to the decision of the Sixth Pullman Conference (Internatl. Conf., Pullman, 1965). The year 1950 has been used as a reference year for converting the dates to A.D./B.C. scale. A value corresponding to 95% net counting rate of the NBS oxalic acid has been used as the modern reference standard.


Purpose: Contemporary literature on lung adenocarcinoma has demonstrated a genetic difference of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway conferring to ethnicity, such as higher frequency of activated EGFR mutations in East Asian population. This information is missing in some developing countries, and we intend to address this gap in the literature. Methods: We examined the rate of EGFR mutations among Pakistani patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Fine-needle aspiration samples were gathered from 73 patients. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on extracted DNA for mutational analysis of EGFR exons 19 and 21 . Results: EGFR mutations were discovered in 18 of 73 (24.6%) patients. We did not find any significant difference in EGFR mutation rate with regard to patient's age, sex, smoking history, clinical stage of lung cancer, subtypes of adenocarcinoma, and tumor differentiation. Conclusion: Our investigation shows that the EGFR mutation rate in our patient population with adenocarcinoma of the lung was higher than in African-American, Arabian, and white Caucasian patients, and was lower than the East Asian population.


We propose to use quantum computers to simulate infection spreading in networks. We first show the analogy between the infection distribution and spin-lattice configurations with Ising-type interactions. Then, since the spreading process can be modeled as a classical Markovian process, we show that the spreading process can be simulated using the evolution of a quantum thermal dynamic model with a parameterized Hamiltonian. In particular, we analytically and numerically analyze the evolution behavior of the Hamiltonian, and prove that the evolution simulates a classical Markovian process, which describes the well-known epidemiological stochastic susceptible and infectious (SI) model. A practical method to determine the parameters of the thermal dynamic Hamiltonian from epidemiological inputs is exhibited. As an example, we simulate the infection spreading process of the SARS-Cov-2 variant Omicron in a small-world network.


Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, or ALCAPA, is a rare, congenital cardiac anomaly. The condition causes ischemia and, if left untreated, can lead to death. It is important for cardiac sonographers to recognize the signs, symptoms, and sonographic characteristics of ALCAPA. A case of ALCAPA diagnosed by echocardiography is presented.


TIME Magazine's online 10-year commemoration of 9/11 "Beyond 9/11: Portraits of Resilience" utilizes narratives of spectacular resilience, which this essay defines as a visual stylization with four features: an economy of suffering based on media attention, loss figured in terms of a catastrophic event, a depoliticized national model for confronting loss, and superlative heroic action. I contrast the form of spectacular resilience in the memorial with minor forms of endurance visualized in periodicals about immigrant and migrant labor who cleaned Ground Zero and surrounding areas after 9/11. I end with the implications of linking resilience and visuality together in commemorative politics.


The coastal environment is a unique and dynamic system where elements from land, sea, air and people converge and they are unique in a very real economic sense as sites for port and harbour facilities that capture the large monetary benefits associated with waterborne commerce. The present study is carried out in Vizhinjam Panchayath, a coastal area located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala and has a natural harbour surrounded on most sides by land which is going to develop into an International Seaport. In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze the changed land use pattern of the proposed harbour area during 2009-2014. The study uses IRS-LISSIV, Cartosat data and Arc GIS software. The study has observed that the built up activities have been increased by 8.8% during 2009-2014 whereas agriculture in the area showed negative growth with a net decrease of 6.4%. The results of the study underscore the fact that the future harbour developmental activities and their operations need more land and it has chances of negatively affecting the land use pattern of the study area.


The problem of normal impingement of a laminar plane jet' on a plate has been studied by solving the Navier-Stokes equations numerically. The study was undertaken t o make a ' comparative study between the plane and axisymmetric13; jet impingements. The computer program available for axisymmetric case was.extended for the present case. Computations have been done keeping the jet.exit plane above the target plate at a distance of two chancrielwidths and for several values of Reynolds number (Re). The presence of a pair of line eddies on either side of the jet exit at low Re was similar t o the presence of a toroidal eddy in the case of an axisymmetric jet impingement. Quantitative differences were observed between the present results and those for an axisymmetric13; case even though there were qualitative similarities in the two cases.


The characteristics of fertilization technique in the early Chosun Dynasty were reviewed in comparison with China. First, the fertilization technique in China was compliled starting with "Beomseungjeeseo" and moving on to "Jeminyosul", "Nongsangjypyo", "Jinbunongseo", and "Wangjungnongseo". In the excrements and soil section of "Wangjungnongseo" 8 kinds of fertilization technique were described based upon the Dapbun Method, regardless of the conditions of land. Second, the fertilization materials for wet fields in "Nongsajikseol" are soil(soil, new soil, sand soil), excrements, human excrements, fermented excrements, cow/horse excrements, urine, weeds, Yeonjijeo leaves, and Youjujeo leaves. The materials for dry fields are fermented excrements, urine, ashes, excremental ashes(fermented excrements and urine), excrements, weeds, Doogyanokbi, hwagyung(burnt field), and cow/horse excrements. Therefore, cow/horse excrements, excremental ashes(fermented excrements and urine), and excrements are applied to both wet and dry fields according to "Nongsajikseol". However, Dapbun, that is, stable excrement, which has been considered the most important fertilization material in all the agricultural literature, is introduced only in one case. As explained before, shredded willow leaves were placed and accumulated in the stable and later it was used for excrements in the barley field. Third, as for the fertilazation materials for dry fields according to "Nongsajilseol", fermented excrements and urine are for millet and hulled millet fields, ashes, excrements and urine(fermented excrements and urine), and weeds for hulled millet fields, excremental ashes for large and small beans fields, ashes, excrements, and Dogyanokbi for large and small barley fields, excremental ashes for sesame fields, grass, excremental ashes and hwagyung for sagebrush barley fields, and cow/horse excrements for hemp fields. The excrements for large and small barley are more likely to be stable excrements rather than fermented excrement. Because, as briefly mentioned before, they are related to each other for the effective preparation of necessary excrements for barley fields. Thus, according to "Nongsajilseol", as for the fertilization materials for dry fields soil and live grass excrements were hardly used but ahses and Gyadunokbi etc. were used, which proves that different fertilization materials were used based upon different classification of land.


Abstract : Temperature fluctuation effects are examined in heated turbulent boundary layers. A modified Lagrangian integral procedure is used. The temperature fluctuations are matched at the laminar sublayer by using standard heat transfer theory to obtain their value. It is found that the temperature correlations are similar to the velocity correlations. They are, of course, at maximum near the laminar sublayer, decrease as one passes through that layer, and vanish beyond the boundary layer. The temperature correlation is an integral of the velocity correlations, which are assumed in this treatment to be given. It appears from this theory that they can have a small negative correlation at distances of a few local velocity scale lengths. There is a very weak Mach number dependence in the result. (Author)


Information accounting provides a better foundation for hypothesis testing than does uncertainty quantification. A quantitative account of science is derived under this perspective that alleviates the need for epistemic bridge principles, solves the problem of ad hoc falsification criteria, and deals with verisimilitude by facilitating a general approach to process-level diagnostics. Our argument is that the well-known inconsistencies of both Bayesian and classical statistical hypothesis tests are due to the fact that probability theory is an insufficient logic of science. Information theory, as an extension of probability theory, is required to provide a complete logic on which to base quantitative theories of empirical learning. The organizing question in this case becomes not whether our theories or models are more or less true, or about how much uncertainty is associated with a particular model, but instead whether there is any information available from experimental data that might allow us to improve the model. This becomes a formal hypothesis test, provides a theory of model diagnostics, and suggests a new approach to building dynamical systems models.


A constant-indentation creep rate test (CICRT) has been carried out for an Al-Mg solid-solution alloy using a microindenter in the temperature range of 636-773 K. When a conical indenter is pressed into the specimen surface under a load condition of 0 exp( ) F Ft   ( F the indentation load, 0 F the initial load,  the loading rate parameter, t the loading time), the indentation pressure and indentation creep rate approach constant values of s p and in(s)  , respectively. The representative points of the deformation in the underlying material are defined on a contour line of the equivalent stress r1 s Cp


Abstract Objective: To investigate the content of lunchboxes of primary school children and to examine children's support and preferences for alternative healthy school lunch concepts. Design: A cross-sectional study among Dutch children from seven primary schools. The content of the lunchboxes was assessed by photographs. Support and preferences for alternative lunch concepts were examined via a self-reported questionnaire. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between children's support and preferences and sex, educational group and migration background. Setting: The Netherlands. Participants: Primary school children. Results: A total of 660 children were included (average 9·9 years old). Most lunchboxes contained sandwiches and a drink. Few lunchboxes contained fruit or vegetables. The alternative school lunch concepts elicited mixed support among children. The lunch concepts 'Sandwiches prepared by the children themselves' and a 'hot lunch buffet' had the highest mean support, while the concept 'a healthy lunch brought from home' was the most preferred concept. Small significant differences were observed depending on sex, educational group and migration background. Conclusion: Lunchboxes of Dutch children contained sandwiches and a drink but rarely fruit and vegetables. Among different alternatives, children reported the highest support for the preparation of their own sandwiches in class or a hot lunch buffet. Future studies should investigate if these alternative lunch concepts improve the dietary intake of children.


A rectangular cartogram is a kind of graphical representation that uses a rectangular area to represent the attributes of geographical objects and is widely used in the representation of statistical data such as population, economic statistics, and epidemic distribution. However, there is currently little research on the effectiveness of rectangular cartograms for conveying quantitative data. In this paper, the rectangular cartogram and unclassed choropleth map are compared to evaluate the rectangular cartogram's effectiveness in quantity representation through task-driven eye-tracking cognitive experiments. In addition, the accuracy and efficiency of information communication and the differences in the reading processes of map readers when using the two types of maps for different tasks have been analyzed to provide references for more effective use of rectangular cartograms in the future. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) it has been proven by experiments that when completing the four tasks of locate, compare, find extreme, and estimate, the participants have higher accuracy rates with the rectangular cartogram; (2) the reading process shown by the eye tracking experiment shows that the more complex the task is, the more patient the participants would be with the rectangular cartogram, and the more pronounced the advantages of the rectangular cartogram are.


This short paper provides an overview of the claims made in the emerging scholarship on artificial intelligence and antitrust policy. It discusses in particular the conjecture that markets will be rife with algorithmic collusion and extractive personalized pricing. It stresses the main methodological, theoretical and empirical limitations that underpin the claims made in the scholarship, and concludes with a call for evidenced-based antitrust policy.


The University of Nebraska (with the help of the University of Northern Colorado) has established a program to provide practicing teachers with training qualifying them for the teaching certificate endorsement for teaching the visually handicapped. The program was especially designed to fill a state need for teachers of the visually handicapped for rural area schools. The endorsement program provides training in two 5-week summer programs as well as practicum experience. Thirty total credit hours are provided in six intensive one-week courses in such areas as the psychology of exceptional children and education of the visually handicapped. Credit for practicum experience is provided in two ways: (1) placement under an experienced, certificated teacher, with 240 clock hours of supervisory experience required for 6 hours of credit; and (2) credit by examination, and upon the recommendation of an administrator/supervisor who must verify that the teacher has had at least 1 year of teaching experience with the visually handicapped. Braille proficiency is acquired through the Library of Congress correspondence course. Although University of Northern Colorado faculty initially taught the two-summer sequence, guest faculty are currently used. Program advertisement and teacher recruitment was achieved through work with local directors of speTial education. Program funding was obtained through several sources, including the state departient of education, federal funds, and trust funds. To date 32 teachers have completed all requirements for the endorsement. (CB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made trom the original document. *********************************************************************** The Need 11( U.E. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES ) INFORMATION CENTEER itVhis document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy PRESERVICE PREPARATION OF TEACHERS OF THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED IN A RURAL STATE Dewaine A. Alcorn, Ed.D. University of Nebraska-Lincoln October 1985 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MAT IAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY J /7, ,e,c4L4-c-A., a.A40-4.4x-, TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) " There are 496 Visually Handicapped children in Nebraska who are not in the State residential school for the Visually Handicapped. Of this number, only 167 children and youth are being served by 21 teachers who have a teaching certificate endorsement for visually handicapped. This means that 329 children who are verified as needing services for their visual handicaps and who qualify for APH quota funds are being served by teachers who do not have the appropriate certificate endorsement. In addition, there are 92 children who are under evaluation or are receiving services for visual handicaps who are as of this date not verified but are likely to need qualified teachers. Other established preparation programs for the VH e OMniversity of Northern Colorado courses as one week of 30 contact hours which und the Carnegie credit rule would be worth 3 quarter hours or two semester hours. While the UNL is on a semester schedule, the UNL Faculty Senate and Graduate College permits no more than one credit hour of graduate credit for each week of instruction, no matter how many hours of instruction a7e involved. If the student registers for the entire five-week session, nowever, six credits may be earned. Therefore, the total number of credit hours which could be earned for the two-summer sequence of .:'sn weeks was 12 credit hours.


Theraptus sp. is widespread in the coastal region of British East Africa where it severely damages developing coconut fruits. The female may lay over 100 eggs. There are five nymphal instars and, in the field, it is probable that about nine generations are produced each year. Damage to coconuts is similar to that caused by Amblypelta cocophaga China in the Solomon Islands. Female coconut flowers and young nuts may be destroyed by a single feeding puncture. Damaged 10–16-week-old nuts may reach maturity but are undersized and often distorted by lesions from which gummy material exudes.


The following steps constitute a fairly general and stereoselective synthesis of spiroacetals. 1. Thiophenol is added to acrylic acid. 2. The latter is treated consecutively with butyllithium, CeCl 3 , and an organolithium compound. 3. The resulting 3-(phenylthio) ketone is either reduced in the presence of zinc ion to yield mainly one diastereomer or treated with methyllithium or methyl-magnesium chloride in the presence or absence of methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) (MAD, 25) to yield selectively either of two diastreomeric 3-(phenylthio) alcohols 4. The alcohol is treated with butyllithium, lithium 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenylide (LDBB), and CeCl 3 , to yield a cerium(III) γ-cerioalkoxide, which is added to a lactone, the reaction being quenched with acid. In the addition to the keto ether in the absence of MAD, methyllithium or methylmagnesium chloride give very predominantly the erythro alcohol, presumably via Cram's chelate model, while in the presence of excess MAD, the threo product is very predominant, possibly because each oxygen atom is complexed with the bulky aluminium reagent. The methodology is demonstrated by the preparation of diastereomeric spiroacetals related to those found in a number of natural ionophores by using as the reaction partner of the carboxylate salt, α-lithio tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran, readily generated by reductive lithiation of the corresponding α-(phenylthio) heterocycle with LDBB, and by employing methylmetallics rather than reducing agents for the reaction with the ketone


A no-tillage soybean-wheat cropping system has been practiced for many years on the "Terra Rossa" soils of eastern Paraguay. Soil compactness and soil erosion have recently been identified as potential problems. This study examines the effect of replacing unprofitable wheat by green-manure turnip (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg.) on soil properties and soybean production. Gaseous phase, porosity, bulk density, water saturation, cone index, pH, exchangeable-cations, available-phosphorus (P) and aggregate size distribution of the soil were measured. Contrary to initial expectations, turnip did not reduce soil compactness. Instead, turnip stabilized the aggregate structure of the surface soil. Positive effects of turnip on subsequent soybean growth and yield were detected in a rather dry year but not in an exceptionally wet year. In a second part of this study, nutrient return from turnip and wheat residues were compared. Turnip produced 10.7 t ha-1 of shoot dry matter, and absorbed 294, 27, 302, 175, and 33 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. Wheat absorbed 98, 11, 67, 11, and 7 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. About 75% of the N absorbed by wheat was removed from the field at harvest whereas most nutrients in the turnip residue were returned to the soil before planting of soybeans with positive effects on soil fertility. Additional benefits of green-manure turnip would include a reduced chance for erosion through improvements in aggregate structure and through a more complete soil cover.


A monitoring maintenance instructional system is developed to solve problems related to checking and maintenance management of relatively scattering field equipment.This system can analyze key equipment online monitoring signals,collect and process checking data,and thus send checking and maintenance commands.Also,it can realize checking cycle adjustment according actual equipment status,ensuring that equipment runs well;that no severe accidents happen;and that maintenance cost is reduced.


Working memory (WM) is oft described as a mental workspace where information can be maintained and manipulated in the service of ongoing cognition. Theoretical accounts describe the focus of attention as a state within working memory where a limited number of items can be briefly maintained in a heightened status of awareness. Ongoing debate and conflicting empirical evidence surrounds the capacity and characteristics of the focus of attention. Substantial recency effects are reported in a group of WM studies, and these recency effects are interpreted as a marker of the focus of attention (e.g., Nee & Jonides, 2008; Oztekin, Davachi, & McElree, 2010). The present work considers whether these findings are specific to parameters of these particular studies or whether they generalize across a broader range of tasks. An initial behavioral experiment tested performance across two tasks (judgment of recency and judgment of primacy), two information types (verbal and spatial), and two selfreported strategies (maintenance-based and retrieval-based). Central analyses averaged trials by the serial position of the correct item, and compared the accuracy and speed of retrieval of trials in different serial positions. Results showed evidence of both recency effects and primacy effects in all four types of task (verbal judgment of recency, verbal judgment of primacy, spatial judgment of recency, and spatial judgment of primacy). Moreover, a significant task by effecttype interaction showed that the size of recency and primacy effects shifted with the demands of the task (e.g., larger recency effects in judgment of recency than in judgment of primacy). Some similarities and some differences were found between verbal and spatial domains, while no differences were found across self-reported strategy. A subsequent fMRI experiment examined the neural correlates of verbal judgment of recency and primacy. Again, behavioral results showed a task by effect-type interaction where


The present Project of investigation is about: THE INFORMAL TRADE AND ITS INCIDENCE IN THE SALES OF THE FORMAL MERCHANTS OF CENTRO COMERCIAL POPULAR "LACONDAMINE"CLOTHING, SECTION DURING THE PERIOD 2014. In relation to the commercialization and focused on the theory that relates the informality with the incomes. The difference that exists between the economic activities of commercialization in the formal and informal area.

It is worth mentioning that the marketing system is based on activities aimed at planning, pricing, promotion and distributing products or services that meet the needs of current or potential consumers and also to know the consumer's appreciation about the product.

Chapter I. in this chapter the referential Framework is developed. Where it is explained in general context: The Problem Statement and the Formulation of the Problem, the objectives to be reached, as well as the corresponding justification of the problem.

Chapter II. The theoretical Framework is detailed. It means that is the scientific content on which the research is based. This chapter is divided into three units:

Unit I. which contains the relevant data of the Centro Comercial Popular" La Condamine".Unit II, refers to Formal and Informal Trade. Unit III. The guidelines intervene for the analysis of sales in the marketing of a product in the study of: sales, product, competition market structure, and marketing
Systems, ethics in the business and the consumer.


T The Radiohead lyrics shown in Figure 1, from the band's 1997 release, convey goal-driven slogans in a veiled critique of a bland and overregulated modern life. Read again in the era of a quantified self (QS), smart watches, and the Internet of Things, they provoke reflection on the heart and soul of an increasingly " data-driven life " [1]. There is understandably great excitement about the promises of these technologies, from patient-led revolutions in healthcare to citizen science. However, the use cases for personal informatics often seem narrow—a whiff of solutionism, grounded in assumptions about model citizens looking to achieve rational insights about their bodies, homes, and lives to be: fitter, happier, and more productive. As the unease that Radiohead evokes may attest, this is not for everyone. To date this critique has been advanced most strongly in sociological circles, but it has recently gained traction in the HCI community through the notion of " lived informatics " [2]. This considers different styles of use and emphasizes the need to understand how personal informatics are experienced as they become " enmeshed with everyday life " [2]. Beyond refining behavior-change technologies, this lived perspective should help us recognize that— whatever else they are ostensibly for— personal informatics tools can and will afford all sorts of other experiences around them. In so doing, we might design holistically for a much broader audience and range of values to question what being fitter, or more productive, Insights → Designing technology for a data-driven life needs to consider the social life, temporality, and alternative representations of data. → We should consider how to use data to have a better experience of and in the world rather than seeking only rational " insights " or " self-knowledge. "


Glutaredoxins( GRXs) are ubiquitous glutathione-dependent oxidoreductases enzymes existed in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and play an important role in plant development,organ formation,adversity stress,and hormone signal response In this study,using bioinformatics methods,the distribution,structure and function of GRX gene family were analyzed in tomato genome. Prediction results showed that GRX gene family contained 55 proteins and were classified into 4 subtribes based on phylogenetic tree analysis,among which the members of CC subtribe were at most and had 35.Other members of GRX had the similar classification to Arabidopsis thaliana. The tomato GRX domains contained 12 important motifs,mainly distributed in the N-terminal of sequence. The amino acids conservative domains of GRX members' protein sequence were the same in the same subtribe. and special in different subtribes members,which indicated that these motifs were necessary to the execution of GRX protein function. Using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to analyze tissue gene expression and response to abiotic stress of GRX gene family members,the results showed that GRX gene had tissue specific expression differences. CC subfamily had a higher expression in roots and flowers,and a lower expression in fruit. 22 GRX genes showed distinct expression patterns in response to stresses of salt,SA,ABA,high temperature and cold,and the expressions levels of several gene significantly increased or decreased,which might involve in regulating the defense response against abiotic stresses. The results also would provide a very useful reference for cloning and functional analysis of each member of GRX gene family in Solanaceae crops.


Many living history reenactors speak of "touching the past" in their performances. In nearly all instances, these profound experiences of intimate traffic with previous epochs and persons are brought about not through physical contact with historical artifacts but through deployments of replicas and props, including recently produced adornment, weaponry, vehicles, and tools. This essay explores the roles and functions of material reproductions or substitutes of historic artifacts in reenactment performances, and how these object-oriented practices often bring about powerful sensations of historic authenticity on the part of reenactors and their audiences. I give particular attention to the use of physical objects by those who seek to reenact traumatic events and experiences related to American histories of racial injustice, including experiences of slavery and Jim Crow racial violence.


The purpose of this article is to describe the challenges of outsourcing services and provide lessons regarding how they can be managed. The literature on the outsourcing of services has mostly foc ...


We present a method to combine the standard and throat microphone signals for robust speech recognition in noisy environments. Our approach is to use the probabilistic optimum filter (POF) mapping algorithm to estimate the standard microphone clean-speech feature vectors, used by standard speech recognizers, from both microphones' noisy-speech feature vectors. A small untranscribed "stereo" database (noisy and clean simultaneous recordings) is required to train the POF mappings. In continuous-speech recognition experiments using SRI International's DECIPHER recognition system, both using artificially added noise and using recorded noisy speech, the combined-microphone approach significantly outperforms the single-microphone approach.


A weld T joint from a scrapped carbon-steel digester level tank was used to test the efficacy of the nondestructive liquid-penetrant and magnetic-particle test methods commonly used for field detection of stress-corrosion cracks. The tests were conducted using three methods of surface preparation--wire brushing, light grinding, and sandblasting. Light grinding of the surface greatly increased the sensitivity of both the liquid-penetrant and magnetic-particle test methods. The most successful combination was light surface grinding followed by inspection with a fluorescent liquid.


1. VIRUSES Our Congress papers have been primarily about virus diseases, and I need make no apology for the selection of this topic, because viruses appear to have been hitting the headlines in the last year or so. First of all there was the panic about the Asian influenza epidemic when we were wondering whether it might change its virulence and become as devastating as the 1919 pandemic which killed more people than the first World War. More recently there has been a great deal of discussion about the relative merits of the American and British Poliomyelitis vaccine and still more recently some anxiety about the shortage of supplies. In Glasgow, we are particularly interested in the study of viruses because we have had for some time a first-class virus laboratory attached to Ruchill Hospital. Furthermore, Glasgow University has a new Department of Virology, a new professor has been appointed and we hope this department may become one of the major centres of teaching and research in this important field. Of course you all know that viruses are minute organisms, smaller than bacteria and that up till the invention of the electron microscope many viruses were too small to be seen, so they were called ultra-microscopic organisms, they are also called filter-passing organisms because they pass through fine filters. We knew much about their effects although we knew nothing of their form and often enough when some acute illness did not fit clearly into the usual classification of diseases, we assumed that it was a virus infection. Perhaps it was this vagueness on the part of doctors which led the comedian Bob Hope to say that "A virus is a Latin word used by doctors to mean your guess is as good as mine." Even although many viruses could not be seen by the microscope many facts were known about them and the diseases they caused; as examples we might take the common cold, influenza, measles, smallpox and poliomyelitis. One of the troubles about studying viruses was that they could not be cultured in the ordinary media on which bacteria can be grown. This difficulty was overcome when it was found that viruses could only be cultivated within living cells. For instance, various parts of a developing hen's egg, mice, monkey's kidney and even human tissue have been used for their culture (1). Another method of studying the effect of these organisms is based on the fact that when a patient is attacked by a virus, he develops antibodies to help him to deal with the invader. These antibodies can be detected in the patient's bloodstream, so that an attack of influenza can be confirmed by taking two samples of the patient's blood, one at the onset of the illness and another a week later. I f the second sample shows an increase in the quantity of influenza antibodies, it confirms that the patient has actually had influenza.


This paper compares the communication performance for co-located and emerging distributed MIMO in a typical indoor scenario. The simulations, which are verified against experimental measurement data, show that distributed MIMO offers a significantly more uniform capacity for the users. The results also show that the same user capacity can be achieved with half the number of antennas in the distributed MIMO case.


As a new type sensor,surface acoustic wave(SAW) sensor has many outstanding advantages.The SAW gyroscope which is used to sense angular rate has already become one of the potential applications.But the nowaday researches on SAW gyroscope are concerned with experimental research and simple theoretical analysis only.Inspired by the research background,based on the wave equation on anisotropic piezoelectric crystal with gyroscopic effect,some quantitative analyses of SAW gyroscopic effect in X-cuts,Y-cuts and Z-cuts are given for the piezoelectric quartz in this paper.The sensitive cuts of quartz,such as(90°,90°,130°) in X-cuts,(0°,90°,45°) in Y-cuts,and(0°,0°,25°) in Z-cuts are determined accordingly.The researches mentioned above provide guide for the further research of SAW gyroscope.


With advances in reinforcement learning (RL), agents are now being developed in high-stakes application domains such as healthcare and transportation. Explaining the behavior of these agents is challenging, as they act in large state spaces, and their decision-making can be affected by delayed rewards. In this paper, we explore a combination of explanations that attempt to convey the global behavior of the agent and local explanations which provide information regarding the agent's decision-making in a particular state. Specifically, we augment strategy summaries that demonstrate the agent's actions in a range of states with saliency maps highlighting the information it attends to. Our user study shows that intelligently choosing what states to include in the summary (global information) results in an improved analysis of the agents. We find mixed results with respect to augmenting summaries with saliency maps (local information).


Growth-arrest-associated long non-coding (lnc)RNA 1 (GASL1) is as newly identified lncRNA that is associated with liver cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of GASL1 in prostate carcinoma (PC). Expression levels of GASL1 in prostate tissues and sera from patients with PC and from healthy subjects were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic and survival curve analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of GASL1 for patients with PC. A GASL1 expression vector was transfected into PC cells prior to assessment of cell proliferation and expression of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) by Cell Counting Kit-8 and western blotting, respectively. The results demonstrated that GASL1 was significantly downregulated in the tissue and serum of patients with PC compared to those of healthy subjects. In addition, GASL1 was used to distinguish patients with PC from healthy controls, and low expression levels of GASL1 were associated with short survival time. Expression levels of GASL1 were significantly associated with tumor size. GASL1 overexpression inhibited PC cell growth. Overexpression of GASL1 upregulated Bcl-2 expression and downregulated GLUT-1 expression. In conclusion, these data suggested that lncRNA GASL1 may inhibit PC cell proliferation by targeting GLUT-1.


Collapse of a spherical bubble in a compressible liquid, including the effects of surface tension, viscosity, and an adiabatic compression of gas within the bubble is investigated by numerical solutions of the hydrodynamic equations. A limiting value of shear viscosity causes the bubble collapse to slow down markedly, for both compressible and incompressible liquids, whereas moderate viscosities have very little effect on the rate of collapse. The inclusion of surface tension and viscosity introduces two scaling parameters into the solution, so that a single normalized solution is no longer sufficient to describe collapse behavior. The magnitude of the density changes calculated for the compressible liquid and the extremely rapid changes with time suggest that the usual Navier-Stokes equation of motion may not be appropriate. The possibility of liquid relaxational phenomenon and its contribution to sonoluminescence is considered. Shock waves or damagingly high pressures are not generated during collapse at a distance in the liquid equal to the initial radius from the center of collapse, although they will appear at such a distance if the bubble rebounds.


The starting point of this paper is based on the need to design energy storage systems as correctly as possible, given that renewable energy sources, characterized by unpredictability and instability, will represent 57% of the world's electricity production in the very next 10 years. Any large scale photovoltaic or wind power plant project must also contain a distinct part of a properly sized storage system. For the concrete case of Romania, are analyzed the seasonality index and practical potential (averaged over the entire surface of the country). These parameters influence the amount of electricity that can be produced by a certain photovoltaic plant within a year, including from the perspective of designing a system of adjacent storage. Then, for a certain geographical location, other four complementary parameters are customized and analyzed in detail. They all together provide essential information regarding the worst cases of solar illumination, for a certain number of consecutive days and for each month of the year. The calculation of these parameters was possible using the data made available by the open-source platform of the Power project supported by NASA. It is presented how to use this online tool, very functional for any calculation of electrical energy storage systems intended to ensure the autonomous operation of a photovoltaic plant not connected to the power grid. The results of the calculation of these four parameters associated with four representative locations in Romania are presented. These outputs can be displayed in graphical or tabular form. At the end there are presented considerations and comments regarding the interpretation, comparison and use of this data.