Data information in the Internet era is expanding at an alarming rate, while showing a trend of diversification and fragmentation. How to make rational use of this intricate information and apply it effectively to work, it is extremely urgent to give full play to the value of big data. This paper starts with the big data basic theory and industrial economic information model, and combines the industrial economic information analysis method to systematically analyze the service value of big data to macro economy. Make full use of big data analysis, apply data acquisition, analysis and refinement to all aspects of the steel industry, greatly improve the ability of an industry to acquire, analyze and use data information, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the steel industry. Using big data to analyze industrial economic information and improve the efficiency of information analysis is the general trend. The analysis of industrial economic information will be fully integrated into the services from relevant practitioners to national authoritative management departments, but the analysis of economic and economic information still needs to deeply explore the value of big data. Introduction In the past three decades, the Chinese economy has been rushing all the way beyond imagination, ranking second in the world economy. China's gross national product is also growing, and it once became the second-ranked country in the world. Gross domestic product (GDP) is considered to be the core indicator of national economic accounting. It is considered to be the best indicator when measuring a country's economic situation. When we want to judge the ups and downs of a country's economic situation, we can start with the change of GDP. In the early 1980s, China began to involve the United Nations GDP indicators for the national economic accounting system, and in 1993 officially established GDP as the core indicator of national economic accounting. The industrial economic system is an important part of the national economic system and one of the more complex subsystems. It needs to carry out overall planning and comprehensive analysis of complex industrial economic theories and macroeconomic situations. Compared with the entire national economic system, although the industrial economic system is open, it has many subsystems and has multiple material production departments and non-material production departments. Different subsystems are interdependent and mutually constrained, and subsystem adjustments in the industrial economic sector will directly affect the entire economic system. Science and technology are constantly developing, industry classification is gradually improving, and the links between industrial sectors are getting closer. In this paper, based on the analysis method of industrial economic information, the characteristics of industrial economic information such as authenticity, purpose, timeliness, systemicity, asymmetry and correlation are analyzed one by one. Industrial economic information is classified according to structure, semi-structured and unstructured. The technical analysis and strategic analysis are used to comprehensively analyze the level of industrial economic information analysis. Take a steel enterprise as an example to analyze its big data application. Based on the traditional information platform, the enterprise relies on big data technology to build a big data management chain from a series of links such as data collection, integration, storage, analysis and utilization. 2019 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Social Sciences, Humanities (APSSH 2019) Copyright © (2019) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/apssh.2019.097 497 Industrial economic information analysis method According to the mathematical analysis method, the research method can be divided into qualitative methods and quantitative methods. Qualitative research methods focus on the overall characteristics of the object, which is an analytical research method for the nature of things, including: abstract analysis: mainly three forms of scientific concepts, scientific judgments and scientific reasoning; comparative analysis: through comparative analysis, To reveal the similarities and differences between things is the basis of analysis, reasoning and synthesis. By comparison, screening, screening, and making choices, after making the right choice, there is scientific decision. The correctness of decision-making determines the success or failure of the development of things; the abstract thinking method: first, the whole thing is disassembled and analyzed, and the diversity of things is analyzed; secondly, the components of each part are analyzed; finally, the analysis between the various components contact. Empirical Analysis of Industrial Economic Information Analysis Based on Big Data and Its Influence on Macro Decision Iron and steel enterprises should take the lead in the fierce market competition and the strong downward pressure of the macro economy. They must strengthen the analysis and processing capabilities of big data, and make full use of the massive data generated by enterprises, industries and related industries to enhance data informatization. Level. According to the enterprise information system established by Liu Yubing, combined with the practical experience of the steel industry, there are five data informatization systems related to iron and steel enterprises, set to pick the ball distance as far as the objective function is as follows(1):as shown in Figure 1: 2 1 ( , ) ( ) [max(0, ( ))] 1 m


Spray-pyrolysis deposited ZnO thin films, subjected to non-isothermal annealing and excimer laser modification, are studied. X-ray diffraction, optical spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy are applied for identifying, analysing and imaging the phase composition, optical properties and surface morphology respectively. The electrical conductivity of the ZnO films is estimated on the basis of DC resistance measurements. Comparison of the physical properties of samples subjected to conventional and laser stimulated thermal post-processing is performed. The advantages of laser modification for obtaining good quality crystalline ZnO coatings having a wurtzit structure are demonstrated.


Conclusions
This editorial illustrates major requirements that authors should con- sider before submitting articles to BJP (see Table 3 for authors' check- list). It also highlights some common shortcomings in natural product pharmacological research, which could be prevented if experiments have appropriate planning and experimental design.
BJP is a leading journal in the pharmacological field, in which important new advances are published, and thus, novelty is a major determinant of acceptance for publication. Studies showing the effect of natural products, without a substantial investigation into the mode of action, are not considered. Articles limited to repetition of well- known data or that report similar pharmacological activities of similar chemical compounds are generally not suitable for BJP.
The editors of BJP recognize the wealth of opportunity for thera- peutics that comes from the natural world and are keen to publish excellent natural product pharmacology that advances understanding of mechanisms of both physiological and pathological processes or that identifies potential new therapeutics.


This research investigated the ability of two materials, which are waste generated during water treatment and wastewater treatment, to remove phosphates from water. The selected materials were quartz sand used in drinking water treatment plants (OQS) and incinerated (600 °C) sewage sludge (ISS). The materials were chosen for their composition: both contain aluminium, iron, and calcium. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory (in batch and in columns stand). Modelling of the sorption processes was performed on the basis of results from experiments in batches. The maximum adsorption capacity of the OQS was 1.14 mg/g obtained using the linearized Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity of the ISS was 0.86 mg/g for the linearized Langmuir model (in batch). A pseudo-first-order model obtained using a nonlinear fit can accurately explain phosphate adsorption kinetics using both adsorbents: OQS and ISS. During the column filtration experiment, a higher sorption capacity of the ISS filter media was achieved −2.1 mg of phosphate phosphorus per gram of filter media. The determined adsorption capacity of the investigated materials was average, but the reuse of this waste would help to solve the issues of the circular economy.


A comprehensive study is carried on the nutritive compositions of wild Caragana chinensis Turcz.ex Maxim.The results showthat about 4.20% is protein rich in all kind of amino acid.There are many kinds of vitamins such as VB1,VB2,VPP,VC,VE,carotene and so on.Mineral elements are abundant,and there are certain amount of fibrin,carbohydrate,acid,pectin and some other compositions of nutritional value.The heavy metal,nitrate and nitrite do not exceed national standard.The nutritional components of Caragana chinensis Turcz.ex Maxim are all-around and rich,which has higher nutritional value.


Fiber-to-the-room (FTTR) wireless local area networks (WLANs) are a promising sixth-generation (6G) technology for extreme broadband low-latency indoor wireless communications. With dense deployment of access points (APs), namely optical network units (ONUs), and efficient spatial frequency reuse across the ONUs, FTTR WLANs enable the mobile devices to flexibly access any ONU in its communication range and reduce the collisions during data packet transmissions. However, FTTR WLANs share a passive optical network (PON) for time division multiplexing (TDM) based backhauling, which may incur long delays for scheduling packet transmissions over the PON. In this paper, the full-link age of information (FL-AoI) is proposed as a new performance metric to analyze the timeliness of indoor communications in FTTR WLANs, taking into account both the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) based wireless transmission and the TDM based packet scheduling over the PON. The FL-AoI of FTTR WLANs is analyzed using stochastic geometry and stretched exponential path-loss (SEPL) based indoor wireless channel model. We show that rather than accessing the nearest ONUs, the FTTR WLAN also enable the mobile devices to access further ONUs to reduce the average FL-AoI. Meanwhile, there exists an optimal transmission distance to achieve minimal average FL-AoI in the FTTR WLAN, whose value depends on the deployment density of ONUs.


156 patients with non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) of pneumococcal (124) and mycoplasmal (32) etiology underwent the analysis of initial clinical implications of the disease. A clinical model of a patient with mycoplasmal and pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia was developed. Its purpose is optimization of starting empiric antibacterial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia within the regimen of antibacterial mono-therapy.


We have a lot of health problems such as an aging society, decrease of the birth rate, increase of the chronic diseases, shortage of health facilities in fanning and fishing communities and the sharp increase of the medical expenses which we have to solve. Although there is Public Health Promotion Act, which does a role of the mother law in health promotion now, that isn't capable of satisfying our desires for health promotion things. We need a Fundamental Health Promotion Act which can improve public health promotion systems, service our increasing desires of health promotion. The major points of the Fundamental Health Promotion Act are sumarized as follows : First, the Fundamental Health Promtion Act has to work as a mother law in health promotion and have the comprrehension including the improvement of living conditions, detection of the disease in early stage, the expansion of infrastructure for health promotion and development of the social environments for health. Second, we need to reorganize support-organizations for health promotion and divide their jobs systematically through the Fundamental Health Promtion Act. Third, the Fundamental Health Promtion Act should prepare the appropriate, concrete and various Funds for health promotion business.


A bistable model of a $nancial market is considered, aimed at modelling $nancial crashes and bubbles, based on the Ising model with thermal-bath dynamics and long-range interactions, subject to a weak external information-carrying signal and noise. In the ordered phase, opposite stable orientations of magnetization correspond to the growing and declining market before and after the crash or bubble, and jumps of magnetization direction correspond to crashes and bubbles. It is shown that the in4uence of an information-carrying signal, assumed to be too weak to induce magnetization jumps, can be enhanced by the external noise via the e5ect of stochastic resonance. It is argued that in real stock markets the arrival of a piece of information, considered a posteriori to be the cause for a crash or bubble, can be enhanced in a similar way, thus leading to price return whose value is unexpectedly large in comparison with relatively weak importance of this piece of information. c © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 89.90.+n; 05.40.−a; 05.45.−a


Spermatogenesis is sensitive to the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide, which decreases the patients' sperm count. Since the recovery of fertility is dependent on regeneration from stem cells, in the present study we evaluated the ability of cyclophosphamide-exposed stem spermatogonia from mice to regenerate spermatogenesis in situ and after transplantation. When seven doses of cyclophosphamide were given at 4-day intervals, the differentiating germ cells were largely eliminated but ∼50%


Abstract The evaluation of an electrostatic sprayer developed by ICI, the Electrodyn® sprayer, for use in the residual treatment of dwellings for the control of malaria vectors is detailed, and the advantages of using an ultra‐low volume technique for this type of mosquito control are discussed. The impact of this new technology on malaria control programmes is also considered.


The paper presents a method for digital PID and first order controller synthesis based on frequency domain data alone. The techniques given here first determines all stabilizing controllers in respective three parameter spaces from measurement data. In both PID and first order controller cases, the only information required are frequency domain data (Nyquist-Bode data) and the number of open-loop RHP poles. Specifically no identification of the plant model is required. Examples are given for illustration


Annotation. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis have become modern problems of effective care of premature neonates. These two pathologies significantly delay the discharge of a premature baby from the hospital, lead to significant economic costs and worsen the quality of life of these patients. The aim of the study was to identify controlled predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, however, in the analysis of the initial status of patients obtained useful results for the parallel treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. The study recruited 133 neonates with a gestational age of 28–32 weeks with a diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome on the basis of two NICU in Dnipro in the period from 2016 to 2020. According to the results of the study in the structure of treatment of premature neonates there were significant risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: the duration of respiratory support by mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, additional oxygenation, nebulizer therapy, and for necrotizing enterocolitis – lower fluid intake, hemoglobin level in 1, 3, 7 days of life, moderate and severe asphyxia. Some of the approaches in therapy are cross-cutting, such as the prevention of anemia in respiratory distress syndrome, fluid intake differences and intensive care methods reducing the duration of respiratory support for the prevention of late neonatal sepsis, we can create an algorithm that takes into account all the risks and enhance outcome for these patients. The perspectives for future work – research of neurological status of former premature neonates and finding out predictors of cerebral palsy.


Twentyeight-Seven Therapeutics (28-7) is the latest start-up to launch with the goal of developing drugs that tackle the tricky interface between RNA and proteins. And it has a whopping $65 million in series A financing to do it. The company's name comes from a protein called Lin28, which binds and blocks the microRNA let-7. In healthy adults, let-7 suppresses genes that can cause cancer if left unchecked. In the past decade, researchers have discovered a loss of let-7 or an uptick in Lin28 in a long list of human cancers. One of those researchers is Harvard Medical School scientist and dean George Daley. In 2016, Daley and three other Harvard scientists—Richard Gregory, Frank Slack, and Piotr Sliz—founded 28-7 to develop small molecules that inhibit Lin28 in cancer cells, thereby boosting levels of let-7. Earlier this month, the company emerged from stealth mode to showcase its ambitions. CEO Kazumo Shiosaki explains


Especially from the 1990s, there was a significant increase in the numbers of violent incidents involving fascist-inspired groups, in Europe and Americas. Next to the process which resulted in this overview, the "revisionist" movement (or negationism) has grown up. Through the "historical revisionism", it has been tried to rewrite the history by relativizing certain fascist elements or even denying the genocide character of the nazism. In both political and social sphere, the reflections of this "neofascist wave" have become visible. The extreme right-wing conquered expressive electoral results in Europe, especially in France and Austria, by using a xenophobic and racist program. In many countries, including Latin America, youth gangs adopted a fascist referential, forming the frontline troops of the extreme rightwing. A fundamental point in this context concerns to the new communication technologies and its relation with the expansion of the extreme right-wing movements. The use of internet as means of propaganda by the extremist groups is – just like the web itself – a recent phenomenon. However, the advance in the use of internet by these organizations is significant. Through the net, extremist groups have a powerful propaganda tool and also a worldwide communication system. It is necessary to understand the impact of this new technology in the internal dynamics of the extremist groups, and in their relations with the society. Argentina is the LatinAmerican country with the largest number of neofascist websites on the internet. This research intended to understand the present stage of the fascist-inspired extreme right-wing in Argentina, from its manifestations over the internet. The origins and development of the extreme right-wing in that country was revisited, and the current use of internet was studied. Analyzing the neofascist texts published in the websites, it was possible to identify their major arguments and find their historical origins.


Software modeling environments are being used by experts in a variety of domains. However, there is no consistent approach to generically synthesize a product line of such modeling environments that also take into account the user interaction and experience adapted to the domain. The focus of my work is the proposal of a solution to explicitly model user interfaces and interaction of modeling environments so that they can be tailored to the habits and preferences of domain experts. We extend current model-driven engineering techniques that synthesize graphical modeling environments to also take interaction models into account. We formalize the semantics of the interaction models with the Statecharts formalism, which also serves as the underlying execution basis. This is done using a novel statechart refinement technique, to provide and promote reuse and semantic consistency.


In order to study the driver's factor,one of the impact factors on road safety,the driver's static reliability was researched.Through questionnaire investigation of driver's psychological reaction during driving and the analysis of the data from the investigation,the safety awareness,emotion reaction and characteristics of drivers were attained and quantized,realizing the quantification of driver's static personalities.Then the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis Method was used to find clustering pattern,ultimately realizing the category description and qualitative analysis of driver's static reliability.The result can be applied into the research of Driver's Reliability Model.


The authors investigated the influence of age on the outcome of cerebral ischemia in wild-type mice and in mice with a deletion of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene. The middle cerebral artery was permanently occluded in iNOS-null mice and in wild-type (C57BL/6) controls aged 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks. Infarct volume was determined in thionin-stained brain sections 4 days after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. No differences in forebrain volume were found among wild-type and iNOS-null mice at the ages studied (P> 0.05). In C57BL/6 mice (n = 5 to 6/group), neocortical infarct volume corrected for swelling was 28 ± 5 mm3 in 4-week-old mice, 28 ±3 at 8 weeks, 35 ±4 at 16 weeks, and 37 ± 6 at 24 weeks (mean ± SD). iNOS-null mice (n = 5 to 6/group) had smaller infarcts than wild-type controls at all ages (P < 0.05). However, the magnitude of the reduction was greater in 4-week-old (–29% ± 10%) or 8-week-old mice (–24% ± 8%), than in 16-week-old (–14% ± 10%) or 24-week-old mice (–11% ± 6%). Neurologic deficit scores improved significantly between 24 and 96 hours in 4- and 8-week-old iNOS-null mice compared with age-matched wild-type mice (P < 0.05). However, in 16- or 24-week-old iNOS-null mice, neurologic deficits did not improve (P > 0.05). The authors conclude that in iNOS–/– and in wild-type mice, the size of the infarct produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery is larger in older than in younger mice. However, the reduction in infarct volume observed in iNOS-null mice is age-dependent and is greatest at 1 to 2 months of age. Therefore, age is a critical variable in studies of focal cerebral ischemic damage, both in wild-type mice and in mouse mutants.


Mihai Eminescu entered in the national and universal self-consciousness as a personality of a paramount importance. His creative effort and enormous sacrifice in order to obtain an authentic artistic value provide him a place among the geniuses of the world.From the days of his life until now, as any exceptional personality, Eminescu has always awakened the interest of his admirers and the curiosity of scholars in the literary field; they were overwhelmed by the idea of deciphering his work and his mysterious soul. He has been studied through the prism of various theories and concepts for more than a century. The poet's work and personality, recognized as the supreme embodiment of a creative spirit, was analyzed from the point of view of various theories on genius.The word genius comes from the Latin genius which means "generator, creator". Initially, the term was understood as "the spiritual principle of a body"; thus, the man was supposed to be living under the protection of his own genius. In old texts the notion is also used with the meanings of "a spirit of places" and "a tamer of bad influences". According to Horace ("Epistles"), the difference between two brothers is conditioned by the difference of their geniuses. Thus, the notion is meant to be a distinctive feature of a person. Cicero stated that the genius is a gift; due to it the man is related to gods. In the case of mythical Orpheus the notion acquires the meaning of "a divine poetic talent". The Greek culture also produced a notion close to that of the genius - a polysemantic word daimon with the meaning of a special spiritual entity, like an interior voice of conscience, presupposing "fate" and "destiny". Let us adduce Eminescu's verse from "Satire V"1.Here the manly love is an expression of a dramatic anxiety of the interior demon which provokes desires and passions.Another notion appearing in antiquity is that of inspiration - a supernatural state of spirit. Plato calls it "poetic enthusiasm" which occurs due to the active presence of a god in the process of creation. In his theory on poetic inspiration Plato associates it with a kind of delirium which is provoked by muses when they capture poets' souls and create the state of enthusiasm.The Middle Ages, hostile to individuality, could not encourage the flourishing of personality. Plato's idea of genius remains the dominant one; however, the spirit which captures a poet acquires negative connotations.The Renaissance - the epoch of the awakening of human personality and the affirmation of its capacities - offers the type of a universal man with a vast knowledge in various fields. The superior man is a complex personality gifted by nature. The personality of Leonardo da Vinci enriches the notion of genius with new characteristics. Those formulated by Plato are amplified with the power of observation (Leonardo da Vinci creates by studying nature rather than by imitating the Antiquity), technical inventiveness, capability, novelty and uniqueness.Instead of the Hellenic enthusiasm and the Latin inspiration, Giordano Bruno introduces the notion of poetic fury (furor poeticus). Bruno's superior man has quite a few aspects in common with Eminescu's concept of man. His lyrical hero is disgusted by anything; it is a rebel spirit which rises with the help of the poetic fury above human mediocrity and evil. In one of his sonnets, G. Bruno reveals the idea of the sacrifice of a thinker who suffers because of his own mighty gift. There is also a curious prediction of the poet and philosopher's fate which lead him to the fire; the same motives can be found in Mihai Eminescu's "Satire I" and "Satire IV"2.The decline of the Renaissance and the period of French classicism laid the concept of genius aside for some time. The precepts of Aristotle are revived. As for the poetic creation, the spirit is considered to be directed by human mind rather than by genius. The poetic creation is identified with skillful application of rules. …


Neural stem cells have attracted attention in recent years to treat neurodegeneration. There are two neurogenic regions in the brain where neural stem cells reside, one of which is called the subventricular zone (SVZ). The SVZ niche is a complicated microenvironment providing cues to regulate self-renewal and differentiation while maintaining the neural stem cell's pool. Many scientists have spent years understanding the cellular and structural characteristics of the SVZ niche, both in homeostasis and pathological conditions. On the other hand, engineers focus primarily on designing platforms using the knowledge they acquire to understand the effect of individual factors on neural stem cell fate decisions. This review provides a general overview of what we know about the components of the SVZ niche, including the residing cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), growth factors, their interactions, and SVZ niche changes during aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, an overview will be given on the biomaterials used to mimic neurogenic niche microenvironments and the design considerations applied to add bioactivity while meeting the structural requirements. Finally, it will discuss the potential gaps in mimicking the microenvironment.


In this work we have measured the time reversal invariants of dielectric cylinders for different Tx and Rx arrays. The results have been interpreted in terms of normal modes decomposition of the scattered field. We use this approach to find out some cylinder parameters such as location, radius, and permittivity. To this purpose, we have developed an inverse method based on the decomposition of the time reversal operator. The use of several significant time reversal invariants greatly improves the accuracy of the inversion.


The technogenetic approach in the field of prehistoric lithic technology studies originated in the late 1980s. Traditional approaches, such as typology and production technology, have tended to approach prehistoric lithic objects through their socio-cultural and economic dimensions, without really considering the existence of a technogenesis prior to these contingencies. The apprehension of this technogenetic dimension in prehistory will call upon both the philosophy and the anthropology of techniques to lead to a double approach of the artefacts: a technogenetic approach of the lithic object according to the technical criteria of its genesis; and a psychosocial approach of the object according to the criteria proper to its artisanal production within a major technical system. The objective of this article is to identify two fundamental existences constituting the technical object, one internal (technogenetic) with technical lineages and the other external (psychosocial) with technical trajectories. The spatio-temporal distribution of prehistoric technical otherness on different continents has logically led to new questions, findings and new criteria of analysis. On this basis, our approach will aim to revisit the main conceptual axes of the foundations of the technological approach, to clarify old questions while developing new expertise. Through the application of key concepts such as time, memory and otherness, an overall methodology will also be discussed and will help proposing its epistemological line.


Background & Objectives: This research is a fundamental study to develop an evaluation inventory that can be used in preliminary evaluations of students using AAC. The study was undertaken to develop a preliminary evaluation inventory and examine its soundness through expert reviews on AAC evaluation factors and inventories extracted from previous studies. Method: AAC factors and inventories from 37 domestic and international studies were extracted and their validity was reviewed to create an AAC assessment preliminary inventory. With the inventory, a preliminary survey on 300 students attending special-needs schools with physical or developmental disabilities was conducted. Result: 7 factors including 'communication participation', 'literacy abilities', 'non-verbal communication abilities', 'body functions', 'human resources', 'awareness', 'policy', as well as 37 inventory items were developed as part of the Augmentative and alternative communication evaluation preliminary inventory, and the preliminary inventory appeared to be relatively satisfactory. Conclusion: Regarding the AAC preliminary evaluation inventory developed in this study, further research to confirm the factors used and verify their goodness-of-fit through a validation process is necessary.


In linear system identification problems, it is important to reveal and exploit any specific intrinsic characteristic of the impulse responses, in order to improve the overall performance, especially in terms of the accuracy and complexity of the solution. In this paper, we focus on the nearest Kronecker product decomposition of the impulse responses, together with low-rank approximations. Such an approach is suitable for the identification of a wide range of real-world systems. Most importantly, we reformulate the system identification problem by using a particular symmetric filter within the development, which allows us to efficiently design two (iterative/recursive) algorithms. First, an iterative Wiener filter is proposed, with improved performance as compared to the conventional Wiener filter, especially in challenging conditions (e.g., small amount of available data and/or noisy environments). Second, an even more practical solution is developed, in the form of a recursive least-squares adaptive algorithm, which could represent an appealing choice in real-time applications. Overall, based on the proposed approach, a system identification problem that can be conventionally solved by using a system of L=L1L2 equations (with L unknown parameters) is reformulated as a combination of two systems of PL1 and PL2 equations, respectively, where usually P≪L2 (i.e., a total of PL1+PL2 parameters). This could lead to important advantages, in terms of both performance and complexity. Simulation results are provided in the framework of network and acoustic echo cancellation, supporting the performance gain and the practical features of the proposed algorithms.


Rapid development of immunological methods have made them useful tools in plant science research, thus it is necessary for students majored in agricultural science to learn some related knowledge. We introduced in the paper, the reform in the aspects of knowledge system and experiment arrangement when we teaching immunology to these students. How to let these students master immunological techniques was also discussed.


This paper explains the necessity and importance of establishment of interval training fatigue model under the glycolytic energy supplement and provide the new method.The main purpose is to improve the study work of general pattern of exercise recovery.


A self-healing hydrogel enriched with properties from a double-dynamic network (DDN) that has been prepared via two dynamic linkages (imine and borate ester) by using a single polymeric cross-linke...


Individual opinions of people about own health are interconnected with conditions of residing, way of life, feeding and quality of water according to socially-hygienic researches of working women at poultry farms.


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of organometallic ceramic precursor binders used to create the molded article by various techniques. Typical molding techniques that utilize organometallic ceramic precursor binder liquid curable, creation of the female of the article to be created (e.g., sand mold for metal casting and sand core, etc.), and molding use of the ceramic precursor binder to create a body directly (eg, brake shoes, brake pads, clutch parts, grinding wheels, polymer concrete, refractory patches and liners, etc.) is. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a sand and sand core of suitable strength at very low amount of binder, for yields of high ceramic products when exposed to heat, and subjected to molten metal casting thermal curable liquid ceramic precursor that exhibits little toxic substance generator when.


American scientists have discovered how methylphenidate (Ritalin), which is often given to calm children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), works in an animal model of the condition. Their work may solve the riddle of why psychostimulants are useful in treating ADHD.

Methylphenidate is often prescribed to children who engage in hyperactive behaviour as part of ADHD. The drug seems to reduce hyperactivity in these children and improve their cognitive …


Chara buckellii is a euryhaline alga that provides a model for the comparative study of osmotic relations under different salinity regimes within the same species. Chara buckellii is native to a sa...


On 15 December 2016, new non-financial reporting requirements were implemented in the Polish Accounting Act (PAA) which would be enforced from 1 January 2017. This act resulted from the transposition of Directive 2014/95/EU. New requirements oblige certain groups of entities to disclose non-financial information on environmental, social and employee-related matters, respect for human rights, anti-corruption and bribery matters. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, this study analyses the new non-financial reporting requirements implemented in PAA, which were created from the transposition of the Directive. Secondly, this study investigates the current extent and quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) and their compliance with the new requirements. The sample comprises 150 selected listed companies on the WSE. The data were collected from annual reports, separate CSR reports, and companies' websites. Content analysis and a rating scale were used to measure the level of CSR disclosures. The results show that companies prefer annual reports to communicate voluntary CSR disclosures. In the majority of cases, CSR disclosure of companies were not compliant with the new requirements. Companies placed little emphasis on reporting about human rights and anti-corruption. This suggests that the new reporting obligation should increase the extent and quality of non-financial disclosure among Polish listed companies.


Intraflagellar transport (1FT) is the dynamic bidirectional process required for the biogenesis and maintenance of eukaryotic cilia. Landmark studies exploiting the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have provided a basic mechanism for the process, although recent research examining 1FT in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has revealed a greater complexity to the original model of 1FT described in Chlamydomonas, which includes the orthologues of several human proteins involved in cilium-associated diseases. The wealth of genomic, bioinformatic, and molecular tools available to C. elegans researchers is exploited in this thesis to uncover and characterise a number of novel proteins involved in the process of 1FT, namely DYF-11, MKS-1, MKSR-1, and MKSR-2. DYF-11 localises throughout nematode ciliary structures and acts as a key component of the core 1FT subcomplex B. The latter three proteins are members of a previously uncharacterised family of B9-domain containing polypeptides, all of which appear to localise at the base of cilia (basal body/transition zone), where they are found to regulate a cilium-based insulin signalling pathway. The results of this study contribute to the growing realisation in C. elegans cilia research that a network of transition-zone-specific proteins are participating in ciliary processes ranging from subtle modulation of ciliary signalling pathways to the actual biogenesis and maintenance of the organelle.


The principle of corrosion measurement/monitoring by means of tangential film-based radiography is already known. Most of this experience, however, is limited to qualitative determination of internal defects. The ability to reliably measure remaining wall thickness in pipes has not yet been established. Based on this fact, the International Atomic Energy Agency organized a Co-ordinated Research Project bringing together eleven Member States to study "validation of protocols for corrosion and deposits determination in small diameter pipes by radiography". The general scope of the project covered radiographic measurement of corrosion and deposits in straight and bent small diameter pipes made of carbon or stainless steels corroded/eroded on the outer or inner surfaces with or without insulation. During the execution of the project, experimental work was carried out by laboratories in the participating countries between 1997 and 2000. The project produced a draft IAEA Tecdoc and a draft ISO standard covering this subject. Based on the results of this project, a new project was established to extend the work to larger diameter pipe, and twelve countries were invited to participate. From the Americas, the participants are Canada and Uruguay. It is expected to define the limits of detection for each radiation source using the tangential method and to explore the double wall technique beyond this limits. This paper summarizes the results of the first project, and discusses the scope and expected results from the current activity.


Copyright © 2022 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China


The concentration polarization phenomena in ion exchange membrane electrodialysis have been studied with single exchange membrane cell. The limiting current densities of Asahi ion-permselective membranes CK-1 and CK-2, Selemion ion-exchange membranes CMV, AMV, DMV and ASV have been measured with Ag-AgCl reversible electrode in various electrolyte solutions under 25°C and constant flow rate. In sodium chloride solution, the cation exchange membrane is easier to occur concentration polarization than the anion exchange membrane. The limiting current density increases as the concentration of solution increases for the same kind of ion exchange membrane. The experimental limiting current densities of Selemion CMV and AMV in NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, BaCl2, Na2SO4, NaOH and HCl aqueous solutions are measured. The results show that the limiting current density increases as the ion mobility and diffusivity increase, and is affected by the transference number of ion. For the mixture of electrolyte solution, there are linear relationship between limiting current density and equivalent fraction of electrolytes.


The hybrid prosthesis is a very predictable treatment option that allows patients to recover their oral functionality. It is a good alternative to conventional treatments and overdentures. The present report describes controlled an 80 year old female patient with controlled hypertension, who came for consultation with a bar overdenture with attachment holders on two external hexagonal dental implants; an immediate loading hybrid prosthesis was installed over four mandibular dental implants.


Translating the Bible is not an easy task in any language. Every translation of the Bible is a confirmation of the capacity of a language to convey the Bible's manifold depths and meanings. The publication of the Macedonian Bible has been received as a historic event in Macedonia. Archbishop Gavril's translation remains a unique pillar in the development of the Macedonian literary language. The entire process of the planning, translation, and printing of the complete Macedonian Bible encompassed a period of some 50 years. Drawing on these references, the article explores the impressive journey of Archbishop Gavril's translation of the Bible into Macedonian as documented in his personal letters and correspondences.


of A chart review of Results: Of all patients, 18% were admitted to an inpatient unit primarily for their cutaneous disease, whereas 82% were not. Of nonadmitted patients, the most commonly diagnosed conditions were eczematous dermatitis not otherwise specified (8.9%), scabies (7.2%), contact dermatitis (6.6%), cutaneous drug eruption (6.0%), psoriasis vulgaris (4.2%), and basal cell carcinoma (3.6%). Of patients admitted for their dermatoses, the most highly prevalent conditions were erythema multiforme major/Stevens-Johnson syndrome (22%), pemphigus vulgaris (14%), and severe cutaneous drug eruption (11%). When compared with those of nonadmitted patients, admitted skin conditions were more likely to be generalized (92% vs 72%; P ¼ 0.0104), acute in onset ( , 1 month duration) (81% vs 51%; P ¼ 0.0005), painful (41% vs 15%; P ¼ 0.0009), blistering (41% vs 7.8%; P , 0.0001), and ulcerated or eroded (46% vs 7.8%; P , 0.0001). They were more likely to involve the mucosa (54% vs 7.2%; P , 0.0001) and less likely to be pruritic (35% vs 58%; P ¼ 0.0169). Conclusion: We have described a cohort of patients receiving dermatologic consultation in the ED of a large urban teaching hospital. These data identify high-risk features of more severe skin disease and may be used to refine curricula in both emergency and nonemergency cutaneous disorders for emergency physicians. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(4):551–555.]


The increasing multi-functionality of parts and assemblies in several fields of engineering demands, amongst others, highly functionalised surfaces. For the different applications, on the one hand, there is a need to scale up surface modification processes originating in the nano- and micro-scale. On the other hand, conventional macro-scale surface refinement methods offer a huge potential for application in the said nano- and micro-scale. The anodic oxidation process, which is established especially for aluminium and its alloys, allows the formation of oxide ceramic layers on the surface. The build-up of an oxide ceramic coating comes along with altered chemical, tribological and electrical surface properties. As a basis for further investigations regarding the use of the anodic oxidation process for micro-scale-manufacturing, the scale effects of oxalic acid anodising on commercially pure aluminium as well as on the AlZn5.5MgCu alloy are addressed in the present work. The focus is on the amount of oxide formed during a potentiostatic process in relation to the exchanged amount of charge. Further, the hardness of the coating as an integral measure to assess the porous oxide structure is approached by nano-indentation technique.


List of Tables and Figures - Acknowledgements - Introduction - PART 1: MODELS OF MATERNAL DISTRESS AND DEPRESSION - Maternity and Madness - Distressing Events Occurring at or around the Time of Childbirth - Psychological Approaches to Distress and Depression Following Childbirth - Sociological Explanations of the Origins of Postnatal Distress and Depression - PART 2: WOMEN'S EXPERIENCES AND INCIDENTS ASSOCIATED WITH DISTRESS AND DEPRESSION FOLLOWING CHILDBIRTH - Childbirth as a Rite of Passage: The Myth of Madonna - Motherhood and the Experience of Distress and Depression - Motherhood, Loss and Distress Following Childbirth - When a Baby Dies - Helping Women who become Distressed and/or Depressed following Childbirth - Appendix 1: Indicators of Success in Changing Childbirth - Appendix 2: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Inventory - Appendix 3: Probable and Potential Interventions During Labour and Childbirth - Appendix 4: Organisations which Offer Help to Mothers Experiencing Depression and Other Forms of Postnatal Distress - Index


Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence on voiding symptoms when performing sling operation on patients with stress urinary incontinence with detrusor underactivity. Materials and Methods: We analyzed medical records of 100 patients who received the sling operation. Based on their preoperative urodynamic study, we defined "stress urinary incontinence with detrusor underactivity (SUI with DU)" group as these findings; peak flow less than 11 ml/s or void with abdominal pressure instead of detrusor contraction or residual urine volume more than 100 ml. And the others were defined as the "stress urinary incontinence only (SUI)"group. We compared two groups and analyzed the changes of pre- and postoperative uroflowmetry. Results: The number of patients with the "SUI with DU" group was 30 and that with the "SUI" group was 70. In the "SUI with DU" group, there were no changes in peak flow rate and residual urine volume between postoperative uroflowmetry and preoperative urodynamic study (15.1 ± 7.9 vs. 14.7 ± 7.1 ml/s, 123.1 ± 79.2 vs. 127.3 ± 91.9 ml) (p>0.05). Twenty four patients underwent urinary drainage with nelatone catheter either on postoperative first or second day. However, 22 patients did not need to continue self catheterization. Conclusion: Sling operation could be performed on patients who are diagnosed as stress urinary incontinence with detrusor underactivity without aggravating their voiding symptoms. (J Korean Continence


Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that makes use of computer graphics, algorithms and special hardware to simulate the real world in real time. There are four main elements required to make a VR system a success, namely virtual world, immersion, sensory feedback and interactivity. The virtual world created must be as real as possible. Users should have a sense of immersion in the virtual world. Position tracking is usually incorporated into a VR system for visual, sound and force feedback on the users and the virtual objects in the VR world must be interact-able with the users. VR has proven to be effective in training and widely used in many areas, for example medical surgery, dental treatment, psychology treatment for phobia, engineering design, maintenance and repair, sports and


With consideration of technique for M2M and 3GPP network improvement,the background of M2M application,large marketing potential and the problem of industrialization are introduced firstly.Then,impact and requirement of improvement for 3GPP network corresponding with M2M application are come up with.In addition,the solutions for 3GPP network architecture and procedure improvement also are provided.Finally it is shown that a series of technique for network improvement can support the M2M application in 3GPP network.


The development of Chiral Stationary Phases (CSPs) for high performance liquid chromatography has been studied by various researches around the world, especially, since 1980. This simple interest has been transformed into a tool of great technological value for the industrial community and scholars in general providing the existence of several CSPs, which act through different mechanisms of chiral discrimination. This paper describes the main types of CSPs that are used for the resolution of the majority of chiral compounds.


The advent of the large booster rocket has made the landing of men and vehicles on the lunar surface a possibility. This paper discusses the analysis and selection of an optimum steering system for the remote control of a mobile surface vehicle. Combinations of three steering configurations and three types of controllers are considered as possible steering systems. The generalized system concept is here developed and an analog-computer simulation described. The results of the analysis and simulation are presented with appropriately derived conclusions.


The electronic structures of crystalline and aqueous solutions of NaBr and NaBrO3 were studied using in-situ Na K and Br L edge x-ray absorption spectra measured under ambient conditions. Analyses of Na K-edge x-ray absorption spectra show that NaBr and NaBrO3 strongly dissociate in aqueous solution and form Na+ hydration structures, [Na(H2O)n]+ (n = 0–6). However, the size of the anions significantly affects the formation of the Na+ hydration structures in aqueous solutions. The ligand field potential (10 Dq) observed in the Br L-edge x-ray absorption spectra allows in determining their dependence not only on the coordination structure between the Br and the first near neighbor but also the second near neighbor in crystalline state, and, the hydration structure and the counter cations in aqueous solutions. DV-Xα molecular-orbital calculations predict that the transitions in the Br L-edge NEXAFS occur from Br 2p to the unoccupied states containing mainly 4d orbitals of Br for both crystalline and aqueous solution. However, 5s and 5p of Br and 3p of Na in addition to the 4d orbitals of neighbor Br for crystalline NaBr and 5s and 5p of Br, 2p of O and 1s of H for aqueous NaBr also contribute to the unoccupied states.


Objectives: This study aims to obtain predictions of the interactions that occur between methyl gallate and various antioxidant receptors while comparing it with gallic acid as its parent compound. Material and Methods: The protein crystal structures of several antioxidant receptors from several classes such as an oxidoreductase (PDB ID 1HD2, 3MNG, & 3NRZ), transferase (PDB ID 2HCK), and transport proteins (PDB ID 4JK4) were selected as receptors. Molecular docking was performed using methyl gallate and gallic acid as test ligands with AutoDock 4.2.6. The main parameters used were the free energy of binding as an affinity marker and amino acid residues to see the level of similarity of interactions. Results: Of the five receptors used, methyl gallate showed the highest potential antioxidant activity at the 3NRZ receptor (xanthine oxidase) with the free energy of binding value of -7.45 kcal/mol, with the whole receptor showing a negative value, indicating a spontaneous reaction occurs. Both the affinity and the interaction between methyl gallate and gallic acid are not too much different, meaning the potential for comparable antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Overall, methyl gallate shows the potential for the antioxidant activity that is not too different from that indicated by gallic acid.


This article addresses the admission control of a loss queueing network, or shortly loss network, of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> parallel multiserver stations with no waiting rooms. <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> classes of customers arrive at a Poisson rate and require an exponential service time with common mean. A customer can be served by any free server of a station in the set of stations determined by the class of the customer. Admission of a customer to a station brings different rewards that depend on customer class and the preference order of that station. Our objective is to find the optimal admission control policy that maximizes the average reward. We adopt a research strategy that evolves from simpler networks to more complicated ones. First, we consider a one-station <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-class loss network whose results form a fundamental basis for the analysis of more complicated networks. Second, we consider a two-station <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-class loss network for which we establish the existence of an optimal threshold admission policy. Finally, we consider a general <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-station <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-class loss network and propose an iterative approximation policy (IAP) and a mixed-integer linear programming model that is proven to compute an upper bound. We demonstrate the near-optimal performance of the proposed IAP and the tightness of the upper bound on several numerical instances motivated by real-life networks, such as healthcare emergency service networks and emergency call centers. Note to Practitioners—This article is mainly motivated by real-time scheduling of emergency service networks, such as emergency healthcare and telecommunication networks. In such networks, emergent demands need to be served promptly and are lost otherwise. They can be served by multiple hospitals/operator groups but have their own preferences. The decision maker has to decide dynamically whether to keep the capacity of a hospital/operator for its own customers to meet customer preference or serve the incoming demand to improve the resource utilization. We set the problem as the admission control of a multiclass multistation loss network, study the properties of the optimal policy, and propose an iterative approximation policy that is proven to be near-optimal for large-size loss networks. The proposed policy is found to improve by up to 16% and 52% the no-control policy admitting the customer to the most preferred available station and the no-overflow policy with admission to only the most preferred station, respectively. Managerial insights and extensions are also discussed.


A Markovian stochastic approach for the relative motion of particle pairs is here considered as a model for intermittency in inertial range turbulence. It is shown that a local acceleration term with quadratic velocity dependence permits a nonclassical scaling of the velocity differences between two points. A Lagrangian model is formulated such that Eulerian flow satisfies incompressibility, experimental second-order, and exact third-order statistics, and is consistent with nonclassical scale similarity. The equation for the Eulerian probability distribution is obtained and discussed.


sources, exposure criteria are given in frequencyweighted sound exposure level (SEL, given in This article evaluates Southall et al. (2007) in light units relative to 1 μPa-s or (20 μPa)-s for water of subsequent scientific findings and proposes and air, respectively). Dual exposure metrics are revised noise exposure criteria to predict the onset provided for impulsive noise criteria, including of auditory effects in marine mammals. Estimated frequency-weighted SEL and unweighted peak audiograms, weighting functions, and underwater sound pressure level (SPL, given in units relative noise exposure criteria for temporary and permato 1 μPa or 20 μPa for water and air, respectively). nent auditory effects of noise are presented for six Exposures exceeding the specified respective crispecies groupings, including all marine mammal teria level for any exposure metric are interpreted species. In-air criteria are also provided for as resulting in predicted temporary threshold shift amphibious species. Earlier marine mammal hear(TTS) or permanent threshold shift (PTS) onset. ing groupings were reviewed and modified based Scientific findings in the last decade provide subon phylogenetic relationships and a comprehensive stantial new insight but also underscore remaining review of studies on hearing, auditory anatomy, and challenges in deriving simple, broadly applicable sound production. Auditory weighting functions quantitative exposure criteria for such diverse taxa. are derived for each group; those proposed here These criteria should be considered with regard to are less flattened and closer to audiograms than the relevant caveats, recommended research, and with Southall et al. M-weightings. As in Southall et al., the expectation of subsequent revision. noise sources are categorized as either impulsive or non-impulsive, and criteria use multiple expo


In this paper we describe an inquiry into the experience of short-term hospitalization. Sixty- seven patients were interviewed shortly before discharge with the goal of obtaining a picture of their subjective impressions — satisfactions, criticisms, hopes for the future — growing out of their hospitalization. Two broad types of experiences were noted, which we label 'immersion' and 'distance'. We illustrate some of the clinical manifestations of these two divergent hospital experiences, discuss their relations to traditional diagnostic categories, and speculate on their implications for clinical management.


Different packing methods have been used, such as paraffin gauze, Vaseline gauze, bismuth iodoform paraffin paste, glove fingers and merocel2,5-7. The use of nasal packs after septoplasty is based on the assumption that nasal packing decreases postoperative hemorrhage and septal hematoma formation, supports septal flap apposition and prevents synechiae5,7,8. However, there is no evidence to support these benefits5,7,8. Although, it was found that nasal packing is not innocuous. The morbidities associated with the use of nasal packs include compromised nasal breathing, dryness of mouth, nasal valve narrowing, vestibulitis, crusting, synechiae formation, headache, watering from eyes, ear blockage, throat irritation, difficulty in swallowing, hypoxia, hypoxemia, secondary infection, increased hospital stay, increased blood pressure, toxic shock syndrome and death4,9-12. In addition, severe pain is experienced by patients during pack removal. Although this pain lasts for a short duration, it stays clearly in their mind; some patients said, "it was the most painful experience of their life"8,13,14. Therefore, it has been suggested to minimize the use The Incidence of Post-septoplasty Bleeding in Patients without Nasal Packing


Diversity combining is the effective to way to mitigate the effects of multipath fading. The independent signal paths have low probability of experiencing deep fades simultaneously is the fact exploited by diversity combining. In diversity combining the replicas of same information signal is combined together to obtain high SNR. The Hybrid Diversity combining techniques has been carried out to reduce the effects of fading owing to its good performance and low implementation complexity. Different Hybrid Diversity combining techniques are summarized in this paper.


The c l a s s i c theory o f t he mechanism o f migraines was descr ibed by Wo l f f as r e l a t e d t o a cepha l i c vasomotor disturbance. The two-stage model was cha rac te r i zed by a prodromal vasocons t r i c t i on subsequently fo l l owed by a rebound d i l a t a t i o n r e s u l t i n g i n the headache phase. Recently, there has been much cont roversy regard ing the v a l i d i t y o f t h i s n o t i o n based on biochettiical and psychophysiol og i ca l repo r t s . For example, xenon i n h a l a t i o n s tud ies , reg iona l b lood f low s tud ies , and measurement o f s u p e r f i c i a l temporal a r t e r y s i z e du r ing migra ine a t tacks have produced equivocal f i n d i n g s . C l a s s i f i c a t i o n of headache d isorders i n t o homogeneous groups m igh t a l l e v i a t e these discrepancies. For example, " tens ion" headache groups appear t o be heterogeneous ca tegor ies (Haber, Kuczmierczyk and Adams, 1985). These researchers found t h a t muscle c o n t r a c t i o n headache s u f f e r e r s w i thou t e leva ted muscle tens ion l e v e l s i n a headache s t a t e had more operant and secondary ga in q u a l i t i e s o f pain, such as avoidance o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s , and modeling inf luences compared t o headache p a t i e n t s who demonstrate e leva ted muscle a c t i v i t y i n the pa in s i t e du r ing headache. Th is suggests t h a t a psychogenic o r operant, behavioral ly-based phenomenon may p l a y a r o l e i n headache d i so rde rs as they do i n o the r chron ic pa in problems. t r i g g e r e d by chemicals, where another group may be r e i n f o r c e d by the environmental consequences which f o l l o w pa in . The present study examines the p o s s i b i l i t y t h a t migra iners w i t h secondary ga in fac to rs , such as avoidance o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s and p o s i t i v e reinforcement f o r pa in behavior w i l l n o t show the c h a r a c t e r i s t i c vasomotor disturbances hypothesized i n migra ines as compared t o a group o f migra ine headache p a t i e n t s who do n o t have s t rong operant q u a l i t i e s r e l a t e d t o t h e i r pa in problems. This study at tempts t o d e l i n e a t e some o f t he d i f f e r e n c e s i n phys io log i ca l and psycho log ica l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f migra ine headache su f fe re rs . Method: Twenty comnon migra ine su f fe rers were separated i n t o two groups, based on t h e i r spouses' responses t o a ques t ionna i re o f s o l i c i t o u s o r r e i n f o r c i n g behavior. re in fo rcement from t h e i r spouses and avoided r e s p o n s i b i l i t y du r ing headache pa in were compared t o a group w i thou t these c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . These groups were matched i n terms o f age, sex, and race w i t h 10 normal c o n t r o l s . A l l headache p a r t i c i p a n t s were g iven two psychophysiological assessments; one i n a headache s ta te , and one i n a non-headache s ta te . Cont ro ls were yoked and g iven two non-headache sessions. A l l p a r t i c i p a n t s were g iven a 10-minute base1 ine , a 10-minute adapta t ion per iod, and a s t r e s s f u l s e r i a l seven task, i n a l l l a b sessions. F r o n t a l i s EMG and temporal a r t e r y blood volume pu lse (BVP) measures were taken. Three types o f vasomotor i n s t a b i l i t i e s seen i n migra ine headache were a l s o recorded. These can be ca tegor ized as double peaks, vasomotor s h i f t s , and vasomotor i n s t a b i l i t y which a re seen i n bo th t h e non-headache and headache s ta te . Medicat ion d i f f e r e n c e s and modeling i n f l uences were addressed. Resul ts: M igra ine headache s u f f e r e r s i n bo th a r e i n f o r c e d and nonreinforced group d i d n o t d i f f e r f rom each o the r o r c o n t r o l s i n EMG o r BVP measures. S u r p r i s i n g l y , m igra ine s u f f e r e r s i n bo th groups d i d n o t show the BVP i r r e g u l a r i t i e s o f t he th ree types i n e i t h e r headache s ta te , nor d i d they show the expected d i l a t i o n i n the headache s t a t e as compared t o con t ro l s . Th is was seen even when the p a t i e n t s repor ted t o the l a b o r a t o r y du r ing s u b j e c t i v e l y repo r ted severe migra ine episodes. Resu l ts seen du r ing the s t r e s s f u l task revea led t h a t bo th migra ine headache groups were s i g n i f i c a n t l y more l a b i l e i n BVP response than the c o n t r o l groups. A d d i t i o n a l l y , when the l a b i l i t y o f t h e BVP response across non-headache and headache s t a t e s were addressed, ana lys i s revealed t h a t bo th migra ine Migra ine a c t i v i t y i n a c e r t a i n p r o p o r t i o n o f p a t i e n t s may be


Hoare triples (precondition, program, postcondition) have been incorporated in the veriication system PVS. Two approaches are presented: the conventional one, with a clear distinction between syntax and semantics, and another where programs are identiied with their semantics. In the last approach speciications are embedded in the semantic framework, leading to a formalism where speciications and programming constructs can be mixed freely. This framework forms the basis of a formal method for the design of distributed real-time systems.


The analysis of the social influence of new technologies on new generations is a topical subject. Many studies focus, for instance, on the cognitive profiles of young generations used to cohabit with digital languages and experiences. Thus, taking into consideration the educational impact of new media and of Web 2.0, this article analyzes how these technologies can influence the processes of identity building in adolescents. Some theories of the self, developed in the least years in the psychological and psycho-sociological fields, can have new implications in the study of digital generations. Starting from these premises, we intend to analyze if and how political issues enter the usages of new media by youngsters. For this purpose, we have monitored and analyzed the digital behavior of a group of 18-years old people in a well-known social network during the week before the regional election of March 2010 in Puglia (Italy).


We present a model for processing English requests for information from a relational data base. The model has as its main steps (a) locating semantic constituents of a request; (b) matching these constituents against larger templates called concept case frames; (c) filling in the concept case frame using information from the user's request, from the dialogue context and from the user's responses to questions posed by the system; and (d) generating a formal data base query using the collected information. Methods are suggested for constructing the components of such a natural language processing system for an arbitrary relational data base. The model has been applied to a large data base of aircraft flight and maintenance data to generate a system called PLANES; examples are drawn from this system.


Based on china systematic background and characteristics of the turnover of large shareholders, this paper studies the changes of corporate governance led by the turnover of large shareholders and their impact on corporate performance. We found that the government shareholder, private takeover, turnover of top management, the size and the leverage of target, the percentage of top 10 shareholders are the main factors which affect the post corporate performance. These results suggest that the turnover of large shareholders helps to improve the mechanits of target corporate governance and pay more pressure on management of target, and thereforeimproves the performance of target corporate. This paper also provides the empirical evidence for the value created by acquisitions and mergers.


Let $\S$ denote the set of symmetric matrices over some semiring, $\s$. A line of $A\in\S$ is a row or a column of $A$. A star of $A$ is the submatrix of $A$ consisting of a row and the corresponding column of $A$. The term rank of $A$ is the minimum number of lines that contain all the nonzero entries of $A$. The star cover number is the minimum number of stars that contain all the nonzero entries of $A$. This paper investigates linear operators that preserve sets of symmetric matrices of specified term rank and sets of symmetric matrices of specific star cover numbers. Several equivalences to the condition that $T$ preserves the term rank of any matrix are given along with characterizations of a couple of types of linear operators that preserve certain sets of matrices defined by the star cover number that do not preserve all term ranks.


Due to the unique nature of offering minimal invasiveness and high spatial resolution simultaneously, multimode fibers (MMFs) are receiving significant attention in bio-imaging applications. While a spatial light modulator is typically used for controlling the wavefront of the light emitted from the MMF, it makes the system slow, bulky, and expensive. To solve this problem, in this work, we demonstrate the use of a chip-scale integrated optical phased array (OPA) for imaging through an MMF. A silicon OPA with 128 independent phase shifters is fabricated and combined with a 3D waveguide interface to generate speckle patterns at the MMF output. Using the generated speckles and the optical power detected by a bucket detector, we experimentally obtain fine 2D images of the target. From the point spread function analysis of the system, the number of resolvable points is derived to be 1007 points, which is much larger than the number of phase shifters.


In the aftermath of the Six-Day War (5–10 June 1967), Britain's foreign secretary, George Brown, invested significant efforts in improving Britain's relations with Egypt as part of his strategy to restore Britain's standing in the Arab world and protect British economic and geostrategic interests in the Middle East. The unavoidable result of this policy was the worsening of relations between Britain and Israel, which blamed the British Foreign Office of adopting a deliberate pro-Arab and anti-Israel policy. The growing tension between the two countries developed into a personal confrontation between the Israeli prime minister and the British foreign secretary, who was regarded in Israel as the chief architect of the change of British policy in the region.


We present a simple and wait-free implementation of a snapshot shared data structure suitable for real-time systems with sporadic tasks. Snapshot mechanisms give the means to a real-time task to read a globally consistent set of variable values while other concurrent tasks are updating them. Such a mechanism can be used to solve a variety of communication and synchronization problems, including system monitoring and control of real-time applications. Typical snapshot implementations are based on mutual exclusion, which causes blocking. Besides from causing reduced overall system performance, blocking also complicates the scheduling analysis and can cause serious problems as priority inversion or dead-locks. To address those problems researchers have introduced non-blocking synchronization methods. The strongest form of non-blocking algorithms is wait-free, and is suitable for hard real-time systems as it gives guarantees in the form of worst-case execution times. In this paper we consider real-time systems with scheduling of periodic or sporadic tasks. Previous suitable wait-free snapshot algorithms are based on strong atomic primitives. By exploiting the timing information that is available and necessary to the real-time scheduler, we have designed a simpler wait-free snapshot algorithm that only relies on atomic read and writes. Experiments on a Sun Enterprise 10000 multiprocessor system show that the new algorithm, because of its simplicity, outperforms considerably the respective wait-free snapshot algorithm that is not using the timing information.


This slide presentation reviews the environmental factors that affect asthma and allergies and work to predict and simulate the downwind exposure to airborne pollen. Using a modification of Dust REgional Atmosphere Model (DREAM) that incorporates phenology (i.e. PREAM) the aim was to predict concentrations of pollen in time and space. The strategy for using the model to simulate downwind pollen dispersal, and evaluate the results. Using MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), to get seasonal sampling of Juniper, the pollen chosen for the study, land cover on a near daily basis. The results of the model are reviewed.


Scope and methods of the study This study presents selected characteristics of precipitation in north-eastern Poland, prepared on the basis of the monthly values of precipitation originating from 18 meteorological stations and posts of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. The study covers a fifty-year period (1951-2000). Sums of precipitation are characterized for individual seasons: spring (III-V), summer (VI-VIII), autumn (IX-XI) and winter (XII-II). The research uses a 30-year moving sample, i.e. sequences of variables concerning subsequent 30-year periods are created with application of data from 1951-2000. The first 30-year period covers the years of 1951-80, the second one: 1952-81, and further on, until the last one of 1971-2000. It was assumed that those variables have a gamma distribution of parameters α and β. The parameters of distribution of each of the sequences created were estimated with the application of the maximum likelihood method, using the formula provided by Johnson and Kotz (OTOP, KUCHAR 2004 after JOHNSON and KOTZ 1970). Critical values (Xo) were calculated for each of the obtained distribution of the sums of precipitation, according to the following formula: P(X>Xo)=po, where X is a seasonal sum for various values of likelihood (po= 0.99, 0.95, 0.90, 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01). Additionally, values of precipitation norm were calculated according to MRUGAŁA (1997), determining their upper and lower limits, respectively, as mean values of deviations (positive and negative) from the mean 50-year precipitation total. There were also developed and described, using linear trends, tendencies of sums of precipitation and the probability of the occurrence of precipitation below the lower limit of the norm (negative anomaly) and precipitation exceeding the upper limit of the norm (positive anomaly). For each of the elements, the significance of the regression coefficient for the trend was analysed at a significance level of α = 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001 All calculations were carried out with the statistical


The three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations,shear-stress transport k-ω(SSTk-ω)turbulence model and finite volume method(FVM)were adopted to simulate the flow filed generated by the model containing pantograph,catenary,carriages and the model containing pantograph and catenary in different crosswind conditions.Aerodynamic differences between these two models were analyzed,and the dynamic load on the pantograph which produced by crosswind was also discussed.Furthermore,dimensional analysis was adopted to establish the relation equations between aerodynamic force coefficients,moment coefficients,crosswind speed and angle.The results show that the flow filed around the pantograph is influenced by the model of carriages.The drag force,lift force and pitching moment are influenced significantly by the model of carriages.However,the lateral force,overturning moment and yawing moment are almost unaffected.The results provide supports to the safety research and the optimization of the pantograph which operated in the crosswind condition.


The publication deals with the state of family in the Czech
Republic, particularly its biological and social reproduction
at the turn of the century. The authors are interested in
changes that have occured in the structure of the family and
the relationshups among family members, and how these changes
have influenced the demographic processes in the Czech society.


A prototype system for delivering high-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) under magnetic resonance (MR) imaging guidance was used to ablate tumors or portions of tumors in an experimental carcinoma model. Generally, therapy was delivered with clinically acceptable accuracy and adequate tumor coverage. However, in a few cases pathology demonstrated residual tumor between sonication rows.


We study minimal relative units of each layer of the Z2-extension over Q. Here "minimal" means that Tr ǫ2 takes the minimum value other than ǫ = ±1. We formulate a conjecture on minimal relative units and prove some partial results. We also study a relation to Weber's class number problem for low layers.


Parameter estimation techniques are discussed for the complex frequency analysis of an electromagnetic scatterer. The paper suggests how the Maximum Likelihood estimation technique can be applied for this purpose. Experiments on hypothetical data sets demonstrate that the Maximum Likelihood technique is better than the Pencil of Functions technique. Although there have been several techniques including MLE suggested as tools of the parameter estimation, the proposed method has strong advantages under the noise-contaminated sample data environment because it uses minimal dimension of system matrix that stands totally independent of the length of extracted data set.


Estimation of the Saupe tensor is central to the determination of molecular structures from residual dipolar couplings (RDC) or chemical shift anisotropies. Assuming a given template structure, the singular value decomposition (SVD) method proposed in Losonczi et al. 1999 has been used traditionally to estimate the Saupe tensor. Despite its simplicity, whenever the template structure has large structural noise, the eigenvalues of the estimated tensor have a magnitude systematically smaller than their actual values. This leads to systematic error when calculating the eigenvalue dependent parameters, magnitude and rhombicity. We propose here a Monte Carlo simulation method to remove such bias. We further demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in the setting when the eigenvalue estimates from multiple template protein fragments are available and their average is used as an improved eigenvalue estimator. For both synthetic and experimental RDC datasets of ubiquitin, when using template fragments corrupted by large noise, the magnitude of our proposed bias-reduced estimator generally reaches at least 90% of the actual value, whereas the magnitude of SVD estimator can be shrunk below 80% of the true value.


ABSTRACT This study explores the response of small firms to industry decline in the furniture supply industry. The industry has experienced a surge of imports and the migration of furniture manufacturing to foreign producers. Small suppliers, unable to move their own production offshore, are particularly vulnerable. In a qualitative study of 17 firms and a follow-up quantitative study of 102 firms, this research examines the firms' primary strategic responses. Supply firms that employed diversification strategies were more likely to survive and even prosper than were those firms that focused on retrenchment and cost reductions. Those firms that diversified also reported greater changes in manufacturing and management systems and in knowledge and skills. INTRODUCTION A surge of imports and the migration of furniture manufacturing to foreign producers have had a stark, dramatic impact on the domestic industry, particularly on employment, with more than 75,000 jobs lost between 2000 and 2004. Furniture imports increased from $11 billion in 1998 to $21.3 billion in 2004 and now account for half of U.S. sales. Imports of parts and supplies increased from $85 million in 1996 to almost $3 billion in 2004, leaving domestic suppliers high and dry as their customers move offshore, their sales threatened by foreign rivals (Ucheoma, Buehlmann, & Schuler, 2002). In North Carolina, where the industry has long been an economic mainstay, a report issued by the state Department of Commerce concludes that the industry "is contracting fast with no bottom in sight" and short of decisive action "will soon be history" (Ucheoma et al, 2002, p. 4). Decline such as this is not unique to the furniture industry. Businesses across many sectors are confronting low-cost, high-quality foreign competition that often threatens their survival. A recent study of the machine tool industry observed that foreign producers had "an almost irreversible grip on the U.S. market" (Kalafsky & MacPherson, 2002, p. 356). Yet even as entire industries struggle, not all firms within the industry fail. While the most visible threat to a domestic industry can be symbolized by containers being unloaded in U.S. ports, the "primary cause" of firm level decline may be found within the firms themselves, with "management that did not recognize and respond" as soon or as effectively as they might have (Weitzel & Jonsson, 1989, p. 93). This study describes responses to furniture industry decline, identifying factors that enable some firms to survive and prosper while others fail. The study profiles small- to medium-sized furniture supply firms and identifies strategies that have helped some survive and grow despite industry-wide decline. It identifies two basic responses to industry decline and outlines performance outcomes that are associated with each. RESPONSES TO DECLINE There are important reasons to study how firms respond to decline, particularly when decline involves an entire industry. In a study of the U.S. machine tool industry, Kalafsky and MacPherson (2002) found that the power of low-cost foreign producers had left domestic firms few choices if they wished to survive. Managers facing such a threat have typically responded in one of two ways: (1) exploit their existing product and market domains with a focus on cost savings and efficiency, or (2) explore the development of new products and new markets outside a firm's existing domain (Anand & Singh, 1997). These choices represent conflicting demands, a struggle to balance "profits for today and flexibility to adapt for tomorrow" (Volberda, BadenFuller, & van den Bosch, 2001, p. 159). On the one hand, firms must change, and change requires venturing beyond familiar, reliable routines. On the other, they turn their backs on change and focus on refinement of existing routines, even when the environment outside the firm has shifted ground. Comparatively few firms are able to maintain a balance between the two (Tushman & O'Reilly, 1996). …


Non-cultivated local rice is known to have high resistance to various environmental stresses. This resistance is inseparable from the role of symbiotic and non-symbiotic rhizosphere bacteria that live in the root rhizosphere. This study aims to isolate and study the potential of rhizobacteria that live around the roots of non-cultivated local rice plants. This research is exploratory research to obtain rhizobacterial isolates that can stimulate plant growth and development and can be applied to cultivated rice plants. Soil samples were taken from Mimi Baru Village, Jagebob District. Sampling was carried out aseptically. Isolation was carried out using the multilevel dilution method. Isolates grown in NA media were then subcultured to obtain pure isolates. The isolates obtained were then characterized morphologically according to Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and characterized microscopically. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that there were 12 bacterial isolates in the local rice "Cempo Laut" which were suspected to be Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The results of this study need to be tested further to determine the effect on plant growth and development.


The paper presents the structure and development of the human centered based projects defined
within the PBL experience. Also, a detailed presentation and interpretation of the designed satisfaction
questionnaires is presented. Special emphasis is put on showing how it is intended to get the
information related to the collaborative aspects that raised within the project. Finally, the results of the
questionnaires are presented and interpreted. Suggestions on incorporation of collaborative ventures
within the learning activities is recommended as a positive way towards enhancement of the student
active role in the learning process. On that basis, the contributions of the present work are to show the
methodology used, the effort to generate questionnaires and metrics for the measurement of the
students collaboration. Main conclusion is related to the satisfaction of the students specially on the
collaborative aspects of the project.


Abstract Nitrate uptake into intact pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L. cv. Feltham First) grown in hydroponic culture has been investigated. Following inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum a twofold increase in net nitrate uptake was observed. Changes in morphological characteristics following inoculation were found to decrease the effective area available for absorption.

There was a two-fold decrease in net nitrate uptake into intact seedlings grown in the presence of N compared with N free media. In the former case net nitrate uptake appeared to stall at regular intervals. In both cases only the initial rates of nitrate uptake were found to be responsive to the external nitrate concentration. The results are discussed in terms of current models for the regulation of NO−3 uptake by higher plants.


Halfway through the 1980-90 International Water and Sanitation Decade, we can make an assessment of where we are, where we hoped we might be, and most important of all, where we go tomorrow. Disappointments at the slow pace of providing facilities may well give way now to a new drive toward the original objective, with more realistic approaches than were widely proclaimed in the late 1970s. We are now the beneficiaries of many records of progress or lack of it, of constraints on our hopes, and of procedures that are more likely to provide these amenities more rapidly to deprived people. The World Health Organization (WHO), the appointed catalyst for the program, supported by the whole range of international agencies, provides an astonishing array of information on the status of the largest global public works project known to man. In our enthusiasm for reaching the objective, we lost sight of the significance of what we decided to do. As far as I know, at no time in history did anyone naively propose, plan, and attempt to execute a project of worldwide coverage. We should not be surprised that it proved to be difficult and slow. Where are we now? For the data used here I borrow heavily from WHO publications and other international documents, as well as current papers by concerned authors. According to Behind the Statistics , a WHO publication, "Well over a billion people will gain access to a safe supply of drinking water and over 600 million people will be given improved means of sanitation if the targets reported by developing countries are achieved during the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade. "An analysis by the WHO of information provided by countries representing three quarters of the developing world (excluding China) shows that selection of appropriate technology and service levels is having a significant effect in bringing down the capital costs of water supply and sanitation projects. It shows too that the biggest priority identified by the countries for urgent action is correcting a severe shortage of skilled labor." The program for tomorrow From an assessment of the activities of the last four and a half yearsa deliberate assessment of their successes and failuresseveral directions emerge in which one should move. Rehabilitation and operation and maintenance of existing systems promise more immediate dividends in service than any other recourse. Because of deficiencies with transmission, distribution, and service lines, leakage is universally highin some instances, more than 50 percent of source. By diligent work on the facilities, more water becomes available for more people. This emphasis on existing systems is familiar. It now takes on new force by virtue of the Consultation Global Group deliberations in Geneva at WHO headquarters in June 1984. The consultation found that new construction is still often being favored, both in development plans and, in many cases, by financing institutions or bilateral aid agencies. Obviously, the recommended emphasis on rehabilitation and on correcting operation and maintenance deficiencies implies a change of direction by water agencies and government


The hog deer (Axis porcinus) is a Class 1 National Key Protected Species in China; the species has been extirpated within China. China has a captive population of only about 30,of which the Chengdu Zoo has 22. It is critical for captive management within China to identify paternity relationships and establish the pedigree of the hog deer population in the Chengdu Zoo. We used 7 microsatellites to genotype 22 live and 5 dead hog deer individuals from the Chengdu Zoo; we identified potential 13 paternal relationships for animals in which maternity was already known. The exclusion method defined 8 of the 13 father-offspring pairs. The likelihood method determined the remaining 5 pairs with a confidence level of 95%. Combining the result of this paternity test with the breeding records of the Chengdu Zoo,we constructed the genetic pedigree for this hog deer population. Our result will serve as an important reference for the future artificial breeding strategy and management of the captive hog deer population in China.


FT-IR and XRD were used to investigate the surface acidity and the structure of Y-zeolite modified by phosphatotungstic acid and Nb(OH)_5,and the catalytic activity was determined by removing of trace olefins from aromatic hydrocarbons. The results showed that the structure of catalysts,surface(acidity) and the proportion of the phosphatotungstic acid and Nb(OH)_5 in catalysts would greatly affect the alkylation reaction.The catalytic activity of Dawson structure phosphatotungstic acid was much higher than that of Kiggen structure.B acid content increased first and then decreased while L acid content(increased) with the weight percent of niobium.Acid site number decreased with the weight percent of(niobium) and the activity of catalysts increased with the ratio of total B acid to total L acid.Treating(Nb(OH)_5) with H_3PO_4 or H_2C_2O_5 would increase the ratio of total B acid to total L acid,and thus increase the(activity) and life span of the molecular.The results also revealed that the strong B acid was not helpful to remove trace olefins from aromatic hydrocarbons.


Abstract Garlic has been used throughout history as a spice, food, and medicine. Much work has been done to ascertain the nutritional and medicinal value of garlic. This work presents a method to analyze human urine for sulfur compounds derived from ingested garlic oils. Capsules containing prepared garlic oils were consumed and urine collected. Following preparative thin layer chromatography, the compounds diallyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, and dimethyldisulfide were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In addition, urine specimens spiked with garlic associated sulfur compounds had these compounds also identified. The technique was able to isolate these sulfur compounds from as little as ten and as much as 100 milliliters of urine.


To expand the selection of preassigned shock surfaces, a new inverse design method called the local-turning osculating cones method has been proposed for waverider design. The new method discretize...


Correspondence to: Nat Johnson, International Pacific Research Center (IPRC), University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822; E-mail: email@example.com. Toward a Framework for Incorporating MJO and ENSO Information into CPC Probabilistic Extended Range Forecasts Nat Johnson, Emily Riddle, Marshall Stoner, Steven Feldstein, Dan Collins, Michelle L'Heureux IPRC, University of Hawaii at Manoa 2 Wyle Information Systems, Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NWS/NOAA 2 Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NWS/NOAA 4 Pennsylvania State University


As part of the environmentally friendly policy of ships, active research is being conducted on energy storage systems (ESS) for ships. This ESS has a major influence on determining the propulsion and operation system of the ship in the future. A separate space must be provided for the ESS, but small and medium-sized ships often require it to be located at the bottom of the ship to make use of the available space. If the ESS is located at the bottom of the ship, the slamming impact load should be considered, and a study of the vibrations generated during the slamming impact is required. Ships are subjected to various environmental effects while sailing. Among them, the risk factor caused by waves is one of the direct risk factors for the operation of the ship. This slamming phenomenon affects not only ships but also offshore structures, and is a risk factor that can cause structural damage as well as damage to human life. Therefore, it is necessary to study the slamming load, and a method is needed to address it with a dynamic load instead of a static load. In order to reflect the slamming load in the design as a dynamic load rather than the equivalent hydrostatic pressure, which is a static load, it is necessary to study the elastic effect of the structure. The plate thickness is calculated by considering the equivalent design pressure based on the measured slamming pressure peak, and several experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted to estimate the exact value of the peak pressure. However, according to recent studies, structural damage is affected not only by the peak pressure but also by the peak width in the time interval of the peak pressure. Research on slamming has been ongoing for a long time, but structural damage due to slamming is still being reported steadily. In order to understand the slamming phenomenon and reflect it in the structural design formula, high-quality experimental results are required. The slamming phenomenon occurs in a very short time. In order to obtain high-quality experimental results for this slamming phenomenon, numerous experimental variables such as experimental equipment setting, appropriate sensor selection, and data measurement and storage capability must be carefully considered. Normally the slamming load can be expressed in terms of peak pressure, peak width, and duration of the pressure, and the maximum pressure and the idealized pressure value (impulse) are applied to the structure. This slamming pressure is affected by the shape and natural period of the structure and shows the largest pressure value when the dead-rise angle is 3° to 10°. In this study, the test was performed by repeatedly dropping into the water using structural bottom angles of 0°, 3°, 10°, and 20° to the free surface of the water. The peak pressure, peak width, impulse, pressure coefficient, and traveling velocity of peak pressure obtained from the repeated tests are estimated with mean and coefficient of variation.


It brings forward the concurrent design system that is suitable for the different places. With the development of the software it describes some key issues such as the structure, the linkage with Internet, the Web Database etc.


Service robots had become widespread, but reputation towards these robots remained low because of the suboptimal service. Sit-to-Stand (STS) transition is frequently performed during daily life and essential for the elderly. However, little research had contributed to measuring and classifying robot service during STS transition. In this paper, we aimed to propose a method to classify the suboptimal service of robot through segments coordination and machine learning method. Six subjects participated in our research. STS experiments were performed under two conditions according to robot service duration of 2 and 5 s. Relative Phase (RP) was utilized to evaluate segment coordination and identify suboptimal robot service. Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used to classify robot service. The results showed that the absolute maximum RP became 1.6 times larger for suboptimal robot service. SVM based classification showed high accuracy rate (87.9%) to classify suboptimal robot service. It was concluded that suboptimal robot service resulted from poor human movement coordination. Suboptimal robot service can be classified by using machine learning method.


Fourier transformation is a basic operation in many signal processing applications. A new optical processing approach that is capable of performing in real time cosine and sine transformations on the intensity distribution of an incoherent one-dimensional optical input is introduced. An optical configuration utilizing an achromatic grating interferometer to implement the processing approach is presented. This versatile processing system can be configured to perform operations currently being accomplished by other special purpose optical processors. In addition, it can be used to process signal received directly from incoherent scenes without going through any transducer.