This paper is a literature review presented descriptively to review the concept of green building to face the challenge of sustainable development and food in urban areas. In this paper, researchers initiated the concept of green building with sky farming method. Sky farming use vertical landscape system in order to realizing food self-sufficient green city. Sky farming relying on plantings and irrigation system efficiency in the building which is adopted the principles of green building. Planting system is done by applying hydroponic plants with Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) using energy source of solar cell and grey water from the processing of waste treatment plant. The application of sky farming in urban areas can be a recommendation for the design of environmentalfriendly construction. In order to keep the land and distance efficiency, this system is a futuristic idea that would be the connector of human civilization in the future. Keywords—Green building, urban area, sky farming, vertical landscape.


The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of transactional leadership on commitment mediated by job satisfaction. The sample used to be employees of the Krebet Baru Malang PG Company, as many as 62 people, data were collected using a questionnaire, and the data analysis technique used Path Analysis. The results showed that transactional leadership had a positive and significant effect on commitment, transactional leadership had a positive and significant effect on work commitment which was mediated by job satisfaction in Krebet Baru PG Malang. The result findings show that transactional leadership plays a role in increasing organizational commitment, while also contributing to increasing job satisfaction, job satisfaction will have an impact on organizational commitment.


Abstract Records of Somniosus from the Southern Hemisphere are few and are poorly documented. Four new specimens are recorded: Somniosus rostratus from New Zealand and S. pacificus from south of Tasmania, and New Zealand. Comparative material was examined and the specimens were identified on the basis of morphometrics, tooth shape and number, and dermal denticles. Photographs of two further specimens from New Zealand were also examined, but the species were not determined. Southern hemisphere Somniosus are represented by S. pacificus and S. rostratus. A revised key to the genus is presented.


Abstract. A typical model of the flattened-vortex beam propagating through the turbulent atmosphere in a slant path is established, and the analytical formulas of the average intensity distribution at the observation plane are derived based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. Under the H-V 5/7 turbulence model, the characteristics of the average intensity distribution at the observation plane are investigated, and the influences of the optical topological charge, the propagation distance, and the zenith angle of the propagation path are numerically analyzed.


Flow characteristics, such as quadrupole moments are examined in order to study generation of aerodynamic noise. The mean flow quantities are set in accordance with experimental data and the incompressible Navier-Stokes are solved numerically. Isolated downstream sections of a turbulent jet are modelled separately with the mean flow characteristics held constant in time. The flows are allowed to evolve until the fluctuating velocity components reach a statistically steady state. Cross section contour plots of the velocity components and the quadrupole moments at three different downstream positions are presented.


In order to compare the effectiveness of several topical fluoride application procedures, the enamel biopsy was applied to determine the removed fluoride and calcium by acid etching. The biopsy was carried out with the following technique; in the middle area of the labial surface of deciduous or permanent incisors, the acid etching was made with a filter paper disc (∅ 5mm) containing perhydrochloric acid (2M). The disc was removed and shaken in distilled water and the fluoride was determined by a fluoride electrode using a microsample dish.The difference between the mean fluoride contents of deciduous and permanent teeth was not significant ranging from 363 to 540 ppm. There was no increase of fluoride levels of surface enamel with the increase of age.The effect of topical fluoride application was compared on extracted teeth between the pretreatment by either neutral or acidified sodium fluoride or stannous fluoride. The largest retention of fluoride in surface enamel was found after the treatment with phosphate-fluoride solution at pH 3 and the removed calcium by acid was also lowest by this procedure.


X-ray diffraction contrast tomography is a combined synchrotron x-ray imaging and diffraction methodology which enables non-destructive characterization of the 3D microstructure of polycristalline materials at the micrometer length scale. X-ray attenuation and phase contrast reveal the 3D phase microstructure as well as interal defects (porosities, cracks, ...) in the bulk of the material. The simultaneously collected diffraction signals give access to the 3D grain microstructure (3D grain shape, crystallographic orientation and elastic strain). We present recent progress in this field covering instrumental aspects, data acquisition procedures as well as improved data analysis strategies.


The photocurrent generation properties of mono‐ and bi‐component peptide‐based self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) immobilized on a gold surface were studied by electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. The peptides investigated comprised almost exclusively Cα‐tetrasubstituted α‐amino acids. These non‐coded residues, because of their unique conformational properties, forced the peptide backbone to attain a helical conformation, as confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure and CD determinations in solution. The peptide helical structure promoted the formation of a stable SAM on the gold surface, characterized by an electric macrodipole directed from the C(δ−) to the N(δ+) terminus, that remarkably affected the electron transfer (ET) process through the peptide chain. The peptides investigated were derivatized with chromophores strongly absorbing in the UV region to enhance the efficiency of the photocurrent generation (antenna effect). The influence of the nature of the peptide–gold interface on the ET process (junction effect) was analyzed by comparing the photocurrent generation process in peptide SAMs immobilized on a gold surface through AuS linkages with that in a bi‐component SAM embedding a photoactive peptide into the linked palisade formed by disulfide‐functionalized peptides. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Uses W. Pauley and Co., a fruit and vegetable food service company, a major supplier within the UK field, as a case study. Discusses using an integrated mix of software programs and personnel experience to facilitate production of accurate distribution costs, thus allowing informed price negotiations with new customers and the seamless introduction of their business into the company's day‐to‐day operation. Analyses service as a tool to improve front‐line customer relations and thereby reduce costs.


A new palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Middle Albian-Lower Cenomanian Balmaseda Formation, deposited in SW margin o f the Basque Cantabrian Basin (N Spain) is offered here. According to the facies association, sedimentary sequences and paleocurrents analysis of the unit in the Tornos Pass cross section (Vizcaya, Burgos and Cantabria provinces), the western part of the Balmaseda Fm. has been explained as a storm dominated siliciclastic shelf


expected to be absorbed. What is surprising is that the condition does not occur more frequently. Stell and Maranf have discounted the theory that laryngoceles are related to increased intralaryngeal pressure, and it appears that anatomic variation in the size of the saccule is sufficient to explain the occasional expansion of this structure. All laryngoceles are rare in humans, although air sacs are common in most mammalian species.1 The variation in the size of the human saccule has been studied by Broyles.f Birt.? and Canalis et al.8 Birt retrospectively examined whole organ serial sections of353 larynges. A statistically significant increase in the height ofthe saccule was found in patients with laryngeal cancer as opposed to those without. A case of a patient with laryngeal cancer and bilateral externallaryngoceles was reported more recently by Celin et al.?


Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Subjects and Methods : The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. At first, 40 hospitalized men in a treatment center were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The experimental group was treated for eight 45-minute sessions by training logotherapy. All subjects completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the study, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the treatment (one-month follow-up). For data analysis, 1-way analysis of variance was used. Results The results indicated that logotherapy in the experimental group was more effective than the control group in reducing death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of logotherapy was sustained on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion The results showed that Logotherapy has an effect on death anxiety, pain catastrophe, pain acceptance and pain intensity in patients with prostate cancer


The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) was established in 1997 as an initiative to record archaeological objects found by members of the general public. Initially set up in pilot form, in 2003 it was extended to the whole of England and Wales. Surveys of Roman period finds recorded by the PAS have been published in Britannia from 2004 onwards. This 18th annual report first briefly summarises the general character of Roman finds reported in 2020. As last year, we no longer present artefact and PAS record numbers in detail by county, since consistent regional differences in artefact frequencies recorded by the PAS are well documented in the first 16 reports. The majority of the report comprises the publication of significant individual and groups of artefacts recorded by Finds Liaison Officers (FLOs).


We present an experimental and model study of the effect of mass coupling of two similar chaotic states in the Belousov–Zhabotinskii (BZ) reaction. At high coupling strengths the coupled chaotic states become synchronized as shown by a high correlation coefficient. When the coupling strength is decreased, the coupled system passes through a symmetry–breaking transition from synchronized to asynchroneous chaos. At the transition point the direct experimental evaluation of the maximum Lyapunov exponent of the single chaotic system is possible from the coupling strength. At very low coupling strengths the correlation approaches zero. The differences and sums of the two chaotic time series in each reactor are also investigated. At high and moderate coupling strengths, the differences and the sums are verified to be deterministically chaotic on the basis of their fractal dimensionalities, for example. However, for weakly coupled (and uncoupled) chaotic states our analysis with state‐of‐the‐art methods shows th...


ii CO-AUTHORSHIP STATEMENT iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v TABLE OF CONTENTS viii LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, & EQUATIONS xi Chapter 1 : Introduction 1 What motivates my research? 1 Choice of Three-Essay Format 6 Contribution to Literature 9 Thesis Outline 15 References 17 Chapter 2 : Starting inside or outside of corporate Walls? Multiple Perspectives on the Choice of New Venture Creation Mode 2


Objective To explore the analgesic effect and adverse reactions of dezocine combined with sufentanil in patient controlled intravenous analgesia( PCIA) after radical gastrectomy. Methods 100 patients( ASA Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ) treated with radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into sufentanil group( S group,n = 50) and dezocine combined with sufentanil group( DS group,n = 50); S group received sufentanil 2. 5 μg /kg + tropisetron 6 mg; DS group were given dezocine 0. 25 mg /kg additionally. Visual analog scale( VAS) and brandt comfort score( BCS) were observed at 2,6,12,24,48 h after surgery,and PCIA bolus given as well as analgesic effect and adverse events were observed 48 h after surgery. Results VAS of the DS group was significantly lower than that of the S group( P 0. 05). BCS was higher than S group( P 0. 01); Bolus given in the DS group were less than that of the S group( P 0. 01) in 48 hours. Postoperative adverse reactionsn decreased significantly in group DS( P 0. 01). Conclusion Dezocine combined with sufentanil provides a reliable and more satisfying PCIA prescription with less adverse reactions for patients teated with radical gastrectomy.


An outcomes-based assessment process called QQI, an acronym for Quantity-Quality-Improvement, has been developed and pilot-tested in several courses, both traditional and project-based, in mechanical engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. An online version of the QQI survey instrument has been created which automates collection of data and rapid generation of reports to faculty. The QQI process, including the instrument and report generator, research and design basis, and results of pilot testing, are described and department-wide implementation plans are discussed.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


Estimators of information theoretic measures, such as entropy and mutual information, are a basic workhorse for many downstream applications in modern data science. State-of-the-art approaches have been either geometric [nearest neighbor (NN)-based] or kernel-based (with a globally chosen bandwidth). In this paper, we combine both these approaches to design new estimators of entropy and mutual information that outperform the state-of-the-art methods. Our estimator uses local bandwidth choices of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-NN distances with a finite <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, independent of the sample size. Such a local and data dependent choice ameliorates boundary bias and improves performance in practice, but the bandwidth is vanishing at a fast rate, leading to a non-vanishing bias. We show that the asymptotic bias of the proposed estimator is <italic>universal</italic>; it is independent of the underlying distribution. Hence, it can be precomputed and subtracted from the estimate. As a byproduct, we obtain a unified way of obtaining <italic>both</italic> the kernel and NN estimators. The corresponding theoretical contribution relating the asymptotic geometry of nearest neighbors to order statistics is of independent mathematical interest.