Thermocyclops oithonoides (Cyclopoida, Copepoda) populations were studied in two neighbouring lakes with similar seasonal hydrographical characteristics. The two populations showed different life-cycle and diapause characteristics. The major differences were found in the number of generations per year (three versus two), the timing of induction and termination of diapause, temperature and oxygen conditions during diapause migration to the sediment, and habitat selection for wintering. Diapause initiation occurred at about 12 h light: 12 h dark in one population, but about 8 h L: 16 h D in the other. Higher habitat temperatures (approximately 5 °C) seemed to allow completion of a further generation in the warmest lake. The population descending early into the hypolimnion utilized the deep profundal sediment as a diapausing habitat. These specimens were most likely physiologically prepared for diapause, including tolerance to low-oxygen or anoxic conditions. The population with an additional generation, pro...


The weighted sum-spectral efficiency maximization problem for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU- MIMO) systems is a well-known NP-hard problem. Generalized power iteration precoding (GPIP) theoretically guarantees a local optimal solution for the sum-spectral efficiency maximization problem. The complexity, however, increases quadratically with the number of antennas and users; thereby, it hinders the application of large-scale MU-MIMO systems. In this paper, we present an energy-efficient algorithm for GPIP by presenting various optimization techniques that jointly consider the hardware architecture and the algorithm-level performance. Leveraging the ideas of sharing the common computation resources, reducing dynamic range, and approximate computing, we show that the energy efficiency improves up to 97.3% while attaining a similar sum-spectral efficiency compared to that of a naive implementation method for GPIP under practically relevant MU- MIMO systems.


To assess the value of fetal soft tissue volume (STV) of the upper arm in predicting small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses using three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US).


ABSTRACT Crowdsourced data can effectively observe environmental and urban ecosystem processes. The use of data produced by untrained people into flood forecasting models may effectively allow Early Warning Systems (EWS) to better perform while support decision-making to reduce the fatalities and economic losses due to inundation hazard. In this work, we develop a Data Assimilation (DA) method integrating Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and a 2D hydraulic model and we test its performances. The proposed framework seeks to extend the capabilities and performances of standard DA works, based on the use of traditional in situ sensors, by assimilating VGI while managing and taking into account the uncertainties related to the quality, and the location and timing of the entire set of observational data. The November 2012 flood in the Italian Tiber River basin was selected as the case study. Results show improvements of the model in terms of uncertainty with a significant persistence of the model updating after the integration of the VGI, even in the case of use of few-selected observations gathered from social media. This will encourage further research in the use of VGI for EWS considering the exponential increase of quality and quantity of smartphone and social media user worldwide.


We present a newly developed microscope for sum frequency generation (SFG) imaging of opaque and reflecting interfaces. The sample is viewed at an angle of 60° with respect to the surface normal in order to increase the collected SFG intensity. Our setup is designed to keep the whole field of view (FOV) in focus and to compensate for the distortion usually related to oblique imaging by means of a blazed grating. The separation of the SFG intensity and the reflected visible beam is accomplished by a suitable combination of spectral filters. The sum frequency microscope (SFM) is capable of in-situ chemically selective imaging by tuning the IR-beam to vibrational transitions of the respective molecules. The SFM is applied to imaging of structured self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of thiol molecules on a gold surface.


Herein, we report a systematic study on the understanding of the influence of tin metal precursor salt amount on the formation of carbon/tin hybrid materials and their performances as anode in Li-ion batteries. Small Sn metallic particles (≈ 5 nm) covered by a SnO2 layer were uniformly dispersed in a mesoporous carbon for low loading of tin, while for higher Sn loading the formation of Sn-based particles aggregates (~200 nm) is promoted as well. By increasing the Sn loading from 20 to 80%, the irreversible capacity was successfully reduced and the reversible capacity improved. This could be mainly related to the decrease of the C/Sn hybrids specific surface area and the increase of the Sn active species. For long term cycling, capacity fading was observed particularly for high Sn loadings and assigned to the Sn nanoparticles placed outside the carbon network which upon lithiation witness large volume expansion leading to severe particle growth and agglomeration. Therefore, similar reversible capacities at long cycling are reached no matter the Sn loading. For optimal electrochemical performances, it appears that a balance between the amount of Sn and uniform small Sn-based particles dispersion within carbon matrix must be assured in order to design high performance anode for Li-ion batteries.


The adoption of activation policies has resulted in a common European interpretative framework, and major reforms of welfare and labour market systems have materialised. The search for good examples is widespread. Denmark is still regarded as a role model for innovative activation policy, as described in the European Employment Strategy, and is treated as the exemplar for 'flexicurity' systems. Changes in Danish activation policy during recent years have, however, transformed both the content and the governance structure in a path-breaking way into a more 'work first'-based system. A typology of policy changes is used analytically to characterise the developments in, and strategies behind, the Danish transformation of its labour market policies. The transformations recorded bear witness to a stronger convergence with Europe with respect to policy objectives, instruments, and outcomes.


This study aims at providing a detailed analysis of the assisted therapy dog program that takes place at the Canine Training Regional Center of the Quito Police Department. One of the goals of this study was to develop a proposal that will support and strengthen the program so that it can maximize its capacity to reach people in need and get the best results in order to benefit people with intellectual disabilities through the therapy offered by the Canine Center. This proposal aims to develop technical tools to support the program, as well as provide recommendations to improve the program.
In order to meet these goals, non-participatory observations at individual and group levels were performed; we applied temperament and obedience tests and a veterinary clinical exam of the dogs that participated in these therapies; we conducted interviews with open-ended questions to the canine guides who are part of the team that works in this program; and a documentary review of records of forms used by the program such as a roster of all the sessions and clinical history of the dogs and compared them with technical and theoretical parameters established by the CTAC Methodology (Assisted Dog Therapy Center Canes-Spain). Finally, we provided recommendations in order to maximize the technical management of the Regional Center for Canine Training of the Quito Police Department.


Function symbols are widely acknowledged as an important feature in logic programming, but unfortunately, common inference tasks become undecidable in their presence. To cope with this issue, recent research has focused on identifying decidable classes of programs allowing only a restricted use of function symbols while ensuring decidability of common inference tasks. In this paper, we give an overview of current termination criteria. We also present a technique which can be used in conjunction with current termination criteria to enlarge the class of programs recognized as terminating. 1998 ACM Subject Classification F.3.1 [Logics and Meanings of Programs]: Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs; F.3.2 [Logics and Meanings of Programs]: Semantics of Programming Languages


Currently, there is no consensus among wall frame manufacturers, engineers and builders on the role and function of wall noggings as required by AS1684. It is not clear whether they are prescribed for structural adequacy, serviceability or buildability reasons. This paper presents an investigation into the role and function of noggings and includes: (1) a literature review on wall framing, including summary findings of an industry survey to establish relevant issues for noggings; (2) review of nogging design criteria; (3) nogging alternatives; (4) structural analysis of nogging systems; (5) structural testing; and (6) key results and com-parisons between tests and structural analysis. Key preliminary conclusions are that edge nogging could be used instead of flat (normal) nogging and that structurally, there may not be any need for nogging. However, these trends were not able to be conclusively confirmed from the pilot test program undertaken due to the in-herent timber variability and the limited number of test replications.


Validation is a key process in the automotive sector. It ensures that the developed product fulfills the customer-oriented requirements at the system level. However, due to the increasing flexibility and complexity in the design of modern vehicles, this process has become more and more constrained and requires a tool dedicated to its automation and optimization. This project intended to offer the basis of this optimization tool. In order to do so, it investigated two major parts of the tool: the interface dedicated to the validation and the optimization algorithm supporting the scheduling of the validation tests. This double study was the skeleton of this work. First, a study of the validation process and project management theory was done in order to characterize the problem. It belongs to the discrete and non-linear category. Then, the potentially suitable optimization algorithms were reviewed and two of them were selected for the scheduling problem: the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization (MIDACO). Mockups of the future interface were created, following the characterization of the validation process. Concerning the scheduling optimization, neither algorithm handled an increase of degree of freedom well, but MIDACO revealed to scale and to sample the solution space much better than GA did. Additionally, GA was intrinsically much slower and MIDACO provided fully reproducible results. The second algorithm was also more suitable for dynamic variations of the schedule. In conclusion, the studied scheduling model can be used for further developments of a whole tool dedicated to the characterization, automation and optimization of the validation process. From the two studied algorithms, the MIDACO solver is the most suitable one and can be used for a more complex validation model, closer to the reality of operations or responding to the validation need of future complex developments.


The syntheses of glycyl-α-L-glutamyl-L-serylglycine ethyl ester and of glycyl-α-L-glutamyl-O-acetyl-L-serylglycine ethyl ester are described. The mixed anhydride method and the carbodiimide method were used for condensing together two dipeptide derivatives. The latter were obtained by the azide method.


Introduction Cholecystoduodenal fistulas represent the most common type of bilioenteric fistulas while choledochoduodenal fistulas account for only 1–25% of cases. Bilioenteric fistula cases are associated with cholelithiasis and are rarely associated with duodenal peptic ulcers. Here we present the first case of Bouveret syndrome secondary to choledochoduodenal fistula complicating peptic duodenal ulcer managed successfully via endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy. Case 86-year-old male with a medical history significant for coronary artery disease and stage 3 colorectal cancer status after resection and chemoradiation presented with intractable sharp abdominal pain worse postprandially for one week in duration, associated with early satiety, anorexia, and 5 lbs weight loss in one week. CT abdomen showed possible choledochoduodenal fistula and a distended stomach. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed revealing a large 2.5–3 cm stone lodged in the duodenal bulb at the base of duodenal ulcer with a fistula opening beneath it. The stone was extracted in 2 pieces via mechanical lithotripsy. Endoscopic ultrasound of the CBD revealed Rigler's triad. Conclusion Bouveret syndrome is mostly associated with cholecystoduodenal fistula and has high mortality and morbidity due to underlying comorbid conditions and elderly age. Patients are not always fit for surgical management, and endoscopic management is not always successful.


In a recent article, Haim Levy noted the importance to the firm of utilizing a portfolio approach to cash management ("Optimal Portfolioof Foreign Currencies with Borrowing and Lending," Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 13 (August 1981), 325-41). Specifically, he illustrated the potential gain from diversification in foreign currencies. This comment elaborates on his paper by suggesting possible ex ante predictions which a firm might utilize if the mean-variance approach is used. Levy utilizes the mean-variance rule to construct efficiency currency portfolios from sixteen currencies. He acknowledges that past mean holding period returns are unreliable when used as predictions of future returns. We suggest the following alternative. The interest rate for each currency would be known at the time of a cash management decision. Thus, the quoted rate for each currency could be utilized rather than the mean interest rate based on ex post data. As acknowledged by Levy, the mean capital gain based on past data provides little useful information in terms of a future capital gain for any given currency. It surely would not if markets were working efficiently. Thus, his utilization of ex post capital gain returns causes overestimated (underestimated) expected total returns for currencies which have appreciated (depreciated) over the data period used.' Therefore, we should delete Levy's capital gain estimate in deriving the expected holding period return of each currency. This deletion along with our suggested interest rate estimate adjustment would provide an alternative to applying the mean-variance model to cash management decisions.


Aim: The present study was focused on the screening of the phytochemical, in vitro cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of various flower extracts [ethanolic (ECG), Ethyl acetate (EACG) and aqueous (ACG)] of Couroupita guianensisAubl. (Family: Lecythiadaceae). Method: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids and terpenoids. In vitro cytotoxic activity was performed against MCF-7 cell lines by using MTT assay. All these extracts ( 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200µg/ml) in dose manner showed a significant percentage inhibition of cancer cells. Antimicrobial activity was performed using cup-plate method at concentration of 50μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 200μg/ml and 300μg/ml in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) against selected strains of the National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms Sparfloxacin was used as the reference standards. Results: The IC50 values of ECG (59.95), EACG (64.81), ACG (685.6) against standard tamoxifen (37.79) was determined. All extracts of Couroupita guianensisflowers were treated on MCF-7 cell lines which observed, both ethanolic extract (ECG), ethyl acetate extract (EACG) showed in vitro cytotoxic activity.Similarly all these extracts also showed good antimicrobial properties in dose dependent manner. Conclusion: The results suggested that Couroupita guianensisflowers are a potent natural source of new chemical agents, further studies are needed for isolation of pure chemical constituents and establish their molecular mechanism of cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties.


Aim: to define the incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the bioassay of hospitalized children. Patients and Methods: From January to December 2019, 940 strains of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from clinical material of 900 patients. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method; SENSITITRE and Phoenix M50 analyzers used «CHROMagarTM KPC» medium. Also, Carbapenem Inactivation Method was used to detect the carbapenemase activity. Results: the species composition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae included: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=55), Acinnetobacter baumannii (n=22), Escherichia coli (n=2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=40), Klebsiella oxytoca (n=1), Enterobacter cloacae (n=7), Serratia marcescens (n=2), Proteus mirabilis (n=2), Pseudomonas putida (n=1). 12.1% of all Enterobacterales isolates and 29.4% Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were resistant to ertapenem; 17.2% of Enterobacteriaceae and 20% of K. pneumoniae strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. 50.9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant to meropenem and imipenem, and 45% — to doripenem. Acinetobacter baumannii strains resistant to meropenem — 66.6%, imipenem — 63.6%, doripenem — 83.3%. In 30.4% of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii strains, carbapenemase activity was not detected, which indicated other mechanisms of resistance to carbapenem. Conclusion: in most cases, phenotypic methods only allow to suspect the presence of certain mechanisms of acquired resistance. However, since the main, most common mechanism is the production of hydrolytic enzymes, the identification of mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems should be precisely directed at this. At present, in addition to phenotypic methods, it is optimal to use molecular methods, in particular, realtime PCR, to effectively monitor the distribution of carbapenemase producers. KEYWORDS: Enterobacterales, non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, carbapenemases, children, infection. FOR CITATION: Boronina L.G., Samatova E.V., Blinova S.M. et al. Incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):295–301. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-295-301.


A series of 1-phenyl-3-aryl-5-(4-(2-ethanoloxy) phenyl)-1H-pyrazoles were synthesized from chalcones and studied for their in vitro antibacterial activity. Chalcones i.e.,1-aryl-3-(4hydroxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-ones, 1 on reaction with phenyl hydrazine yielded the corresponding 1-phenyl-3-aryl-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazoles 2 which on further reaction with 3-chloroethanol furnished the title compounds 3. These compounds were characterized by CHN analyses, IR, mass and 1H NMR spectral data. All the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against two Gram negative strains (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Gram positive strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined.


If 4-H'ers earn project recognition for things they do as a matter of course in their schools and with their families—things they would do whether or not they were 4-H members—then is 4-H really making a difference in their lives? I make a case for rigor and high expectations in 4-H project work and suggest that state Extension specialists, in their engagement in 4-H, have a unique opportunity to strengthen 4-H programming as a bridge to excellence in the academic and professional careers of its participants.


Due to the widespread increase in the number of subjects suffering from diabetes, our understanding of the principles governing the formation and function of this organ need to be greatly improved. Although in vitro generation of insulin-secreting cells from embryonic stem cells, induced-pluripotent stem cells and adult stem/progenitor-like cells has been reported, most of these cells are functionally immature and show poor glucose-responsive insulin secretion compared to that of native pancreatic b-cells. The recent evidence that cells in the adult pancreas exhibit more plasticity than previously recognized has opened up new areas of research, such as cellular reprogramming and in vivo β-cell regeneration. Increasing the understanding and finding the right strategies to generate functional b- cells or a whole organ in vivo would not only bring enormous benefits to type I diabetes patients but could also constitute a promising approach to treating type II diabetes as well as type I diabetes in paediatric patients where islet transplantation, even with its substantially improved outcome in recent years, is still not indicated.


For the evaluation of the Lumbar pedicle morphometry and its relation to the neural structures, 14 male adult cadavers were dissected, and the size of the lumbar pedicle was assessed by measuring its sagittal and transversal diameter. It was found that the size of the pedicle increases from L2 to L5, both in the sagittal and transversal diameter, the first bigger. The relation of the lumbar pedicle to the neural structures was evaluated by measuring the distance between dura-mater and the pedicle medial area, the distance between the most distal area of the pedicle and the nerve root that appears under it, and , to obtain in an indirect way, the distance between the pedicle apex and the nerve root that appears over it. The acquired results showed that the distance between the most distal area of the pedicle and the nerve root that appears under it, and the distance between the pedicle medial area and dura-mater, do not increase from L2 to L5, and they are in average 1,98 and 3,02 respectively. The distance between the pedicle apex and the nerve root that appears over it, increases from L2 to L5, varying from 13,64 in L2 to 21,62 in L5. The location of the spinal ganglion in relation to the pedicle has also been found, and 87% of the spinal ganglions are located in the foraminal zone.


In complicated process control systems,linearized programmable logic controller(PLC) can make software development and maintenance difficult and can even result in unusable control systems.Here,an object-oriented method is used to design the PLC process control system to make the program design easier,the system design more reliable,and software development and reuse more convenient.The method is used to design a PLC program for a cold rolling cleaning line in the Angang Group Corporation.The program clearly divides the complete control system in the collective design so the control performance is more reliable.The strip quality is then improved to increase the utility and commercial value of the product.


In biological tissues, the frequency dependence of attenuation and speed of sound for ultrasound propagation is described by the power law wave equation, which is a partial differential equation with fractional time derivatives. As demonstrated previously, the time domain Green's function for the power law wave equation combined with the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral is an effective reference for calculations of the lossy on-axis impulse response of a circular piston. Using the result obtained from this reference, two different approximations to the lossy on-axis impulse response are evaluated. The first approximation is an analytical expression that is proportional to the difference between two cumulative distribution functions for maximally skewed stable probability densities. The second approximation numerically convolves the lossless impulse response with a maximally skewed stable probability density function. The results show that both approximations achieve relatively small errors. Furthermore, the a...


Amine-induced ring-opening of the silylated thiophene 1,1-dioxides was used for the preparation of silyl-substituted dienes. Thus, the reaction of 2,5-dimethyl-3-trimethylsilylthiophene 1,1-dioxide (5) with piperidine at 100 o C led to 3-trimethylsilyl-6-(1-piperidino)-(2Z,4E)-2,4-hexadiene (8) and the piperidine-induced ring-opening of 2-methyl-5-dimethylbutylsilylthiophene 1,1-dioxide gave 1-dimethylbutylsilyl-5-(1-piperidino)-(1E,3E)-1,3-pentadiene (9) as the main product


Purpose: This study aims to share a personal viewpoint on the hardship imposed by lockdown measure Design/methodology/approach: A personal experience of losing a loved one during the Covid-19 lockdown in England Findings: The costs of lockdown go far beyond the economic ones Originality/value: A unique, personal perspective © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited


reasonable being who always intelligently seeks his own good or is guided in all his activities by enlightened self-interest." The truth is, Mr. McDougall asserts that "mankind is only a little bit reasonable and to a great extent very unintelligently moved in quite unreasonable ways."32 That is, the economists have committed "the intellectualist fallacy." In considering whether this criticism is just with reference to contemporary economics, it is necessary to summarize the psy? chological assumptions commonly made. The statement which follows is intended to apply primarily to economic theory of the eclectic type. An element of psychological unreality is clearly present in most expositions of the theory of value. Bargainers are usually represented as exchanging two consumption goods?say nuts and apples. They come to market with definitely formulated ideas of how many units of the good in their possession they will give to get each successive unit of the other good. These demand schedules rest upon equally definite ideas concerning the varying marginal utilities which each good has for them as the supply is increased or diminished. The artificiality of the whole picture is further enhanced by using diagrams to show the vary? ing marginal utilities of goods, and the varying disutility of successive hours of labor.


Renewable distributed generators (RDGs) are widely embedded in electrical distribution networks due to their economic, technological, and environmental benefits. However, the main problem with RDGs, photovoltaic generators, and wind turbines, in particular, is that their output powers are constantly changing due to variations in sun irradiation and wind speed, leading to power system uncertainty. Such uncertainties should be taken into account when selecting the optimal allocation of RDGs. The main innovation of this paper is a proposed efficient metaheuristic optimization technique for the sizing and placement of RDGs in radial distribution systems considering the uncertainties of the loading and RDG output power. A Monte Carlo simulation method, along with the backward reduction algorithm, is utilized to create a set of scenarios to model these uncertainties. To find the positions and ratings of the RDGs, the artificial gorilla troops optimizer (GTO), a new efficient strategy that minimizes the total cost, is used to optimize a multiobjective function, total emissions, and total voltage deviations, as well as the total voltage stability boosting. The proposed technique is tested on an IEEE 69-bus network and a real Egyptian distribution grid (East Delta Network (EDN) 30-bus network). The results indicate that the proposed GTO can optimally assign the positions and ratings of RDGs. Moreover, the integration of RDGs into an IEEE 69-bus system can reduce the expected costs, emissions, and voltage deviations by 28.3%, 52.34%, and 66.95%, respectively, and improve voltage stability by 5.6%; in the EDN 30-bus system, these values are enhanced by 25.97%, 51.1%, 67.25%, and 7.7%, respectively.


To establish a calculation model of enterprise construction quota data on poverty data,the characteristics of enterprise construction quota original data are taken into account,the current processing method of construction initial data,the LAD and least absolute deviations are brought up,which include the concept of uncertainty.Through modeling basing both least absolute deviations mathematic and least square method respectively,it is proved that least absolute deviations is more accurate.Then,it can provide a scientific and sound method to get unobserved consumption in some special situations.


Although the nature of relationships within groups has been widely discussed by sociologists and social psychologists, the numbers and forms of the relationships which inhere within the group framework have received little attention. This paper is an analysis of the quantitative aspects of intragroup relationships. Specific formulas are presented for the determination of the various possible combinatory subgroupings. The question is then raised as to whether the dynamics of group behavior might be better understood through a derived ratio of actual to potential relationships (A.R./P.R.). Fields of inquiry are set up in which the A.R./P.R. hypothesis can be tested.


The University of Sydney Forensic Medicine and Science Network is to be congratulated for organising, and hosting, a recent one day symposium on 'Genetics in the courts (DNA Evidence): Current and Future Trends'. Sponsored by Life Technologies, this meeting brought together a number of presenters from Australia and overseas, including several members of our Academy. Professor Margaret Stark opened the symposium with her lecture on specimens for DNA testing, touching on the importance of contamination prevention of which we are only too aware from the recent Jama case. Professor Tony Raymond and Dr Simon Walsh, respectively from NSW Police and the Australian Police forensic groups, delivered informative presentations on the latest trends from an operational laboratory prospective. This included information on transportable DNA analysis platforms for field applications, which 'finally' appear genuinely close to being available as commercial products. There have also been several new DNA analysis kits with many more markers, or loci, which will see Australia move from nine markers to more than 20 markers. Professor Manfred Kayser from the Netherlands presented two highly informative lectures on Y chromosome testing and forensic DNA phenotyping for appearance and ancestry prediction. Professor Herawati Sudoyo from the Eijkman Institute in Indonesia spoke about mitochondrial DNA analysis for both human and wildlife applications. Life Technologies, as the sponsor, then talked about the latest equipment being used for whole genome analysis and painted an exciting picture as this type of technology rapidly evolves. Truly, the promise of affordable whole genome analysis for forensic application seems to be only a matter of time. Justice Andrew Haesler, as the penultimate presenter, spoke about DNA testing from the viewpoint of observations from his experience, not only as a judge but previously a senior defence barrister. A key message from his presentation was how simple numbers, such as 1 in 20 million for example, can be misleading unless the correct questions are asked and, in his view, he believed the court required an opinion and not just a number. In the final presentation I talked about future perspectives and picked up on several of the questions raised by Andrew. Specifically, I asked whether or not the forensic community was asking the right questions. Scientists can fall into the trap of framing questions from a scientific or technical perspective. In other words, change led by technology, for example the moves to new DNA analysis kits with more than double the number of markers. This move is being 'sold' on the basis that we need to have more markers to avoid socalled 'adventitious hits' on the DNA database and also so that we can increase the DNA 'number'. It would appear these new kits will also have significantly increased sensitivity. The benefit of the latter should be higher success rates for testing; however, the potential cost will be that more mixtures will be seen, with an increased potential that background DNA will be detected. The latter is, in itself, not a bad outcome but will mean increased precautions will need to be taken at the crime Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 44, No. 2, June 2012, 105–106


Taking the database of Chinese Journal of Science and Technology of Chongqing VIP Co.,Ltd as the statistical basis,this paper makes an analysis of the published papers from 2002-2004 by Zhejiang Textile and Fashion College in terms of quantities,subject distribution,periodical source and authors with bibliometric method so as to find out and improve the scientific research condition and academic level in the college.


Lanthanum-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite(n-La/HAP) power was prepared using Sol-gel method.The structure of HAP power after doping La3+ into HAP was tested by XRD and the comparisons of crystal structure were investigated between n-La/HAP and n-HAP sintered at 600 ℃ and 750 ℃.The ratio of Ca,P and La within n-La/HAP was acquired by ICP.The surface morphology and ion groups of as-prepared n-La/HAP power were respectively characterized by TEM and FT-IR.The results show the rod-like n-La/HAP power dispersed by Heparin Sodium can be prepared at pH=9.8.The sizes of n-La/HAP grains range from 20 nm to 40 nm.For the balance of charge,a part of OH-transform into O2-after La3+ enters into the lattice of HAP.Since La3+ has a slightly larger ionic radius than Ca2+,the crystal volume of nanopaticles expands.


Tourism is a dynamic and growing industry. It is the fourth largest foreign exchange earner and premier employer in the island. Tourism can be defined as travel for recreational or leisure purposes. But it creates a negative impact of our society. Among the main sqcial problems, homosexuality has been spread through out the Sri Lanka due to tourism. But it cannot be a problem to the western world. Although sex within the�fr:amework of marriage is the norm. Everybody has to admit that there are:-deviation. Homosexuality is one of prominent issue in Sri Lanka at presnt. It is more severe when it affects the youth physically or socially not only the in short term but also in the long term. Homosexuality is spreading rapidly in Sri Lankan society buy threatening on child life at present. Specially, some tourist guides (without guide license) are always motivate the children to practice homosexuality. The problem of this study is to any impact of tourism on homosexuality in Sri Lanka. The objectives of this study are to identify the changes in human behavior caused by the desire for money and to assess the impact of the informal sector on tourism development in Sri Lanka. It has used both primary and secondary data for this study. Primary data was collected from fifty respondents in Bentota coastal area by using informal interviews and observation method. Data was analyzed by using tables, charts and percentages. This study was limited to fifty respondents and only to the Bentota area. According to the collected data it can be said that there is an enormous impact of tourism on spreading homosexual in Sri Lanka. So the government, UNICEF and NGOs are should take necessary action to over come or mitigate this problem to protect the children in Sri Lanka.


Abstract Since its inception in 1830, an important feature of Mormonism has been its belief in a literal Devil and in the ability of the Devil to possess human beings. Despite the pervasiveness of these beliefs and practices, Mormon possession and exorcism is a largely unstudied phenomenon. What follows is a careful study of four historical accounts of Mormon exorcism rituals dating from 1830, 1839, 1888, and 1977, and their narrative presentations. This article traces the development of Mormon possession/exorcism beliefs and practices and situates them within their larger historical contexts. The article also describes the relationship between Mormon dispossession rituals and the dispossession rituals of Protestant and Catholic groups in American history and presents through a consideration of the impact of broader American cultural trends on the theory and practice of Mormon exorcism from 1830 to 1977.


Laboratory study was conducted to assess the development of Chrysoperla scelestes on the eggs of Corcyra cephalonica obtained from sorghum, sorghum + green gram, sorghum + soybean, bajra, bajra + greengram and bajra+ soybean medium. Sorghum and bajra was the most promising medium which favourably influenced the incubation period, duration of different larval instars, adult emergence percentage, longevity of male and female, fecundity, sex ratio and growth index of C. scelestes.


Solid-state electronics are playing an increasingly important role in agriculture and
in our general lives. Devices with solid-state components are used for controls, communication
equipment, indicators, and in a wide variety of other applications. Solidstate
electronics have allowed the development of many useful tools for agriculture
such as tractor, sprayer, combine, and planter monitors, motor and lighting controls,
calculators and computers.
The basic function of the solid-state devices is to control or regulate the flow of
electrical current by the use of semiconductor materials. Development of semiconductors
was initiated by the invention of the transistor in 1948. Starting with early application
to radios and hearing aids, transistors have completely revolutionized the electronics
industry. They represented a major improvement in electronic components
compared to the earlier vacuum tubes, although they perform basically the same tasks.
Transistors have many advantages over vacuum tubes:

• They require no heater current, therefore the power requirements are much
smaller,
 They are very small and light, They are mechanically sturdy and long lasting, They can operate at low voltages yet carry relatively high currents, and They are thousands of times more reliable.


Iron losses are among the most significant losses occurring on the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). These losses consume active power and cause heat in the iron core. Due to this behavior, they can be represented by an equivalent resistance to make the computations simple. Determining the equivalent core resistance is also a major problem. Computing these lost power is very difficult especially in dynamic applications because these lost power varies by partial differential equations. This study aims to estimate the dynamic core resistance depended on inconstant operating conditions online, and compare the performance of the motor with dynamic versus fixed core resistance at the designed loss minimization algorithm. In order to obtain this estimation, firstly the finite element calculations have been made for many different operating speeds and lost power values were gathered for each speed. Then corresponding core resistance for each power value has been calculated with the dynamic model of a PMSM. Finally, a Neuro-Fuzzy estimator has been designed by computations on the gathered resistance values to estimate the core resistance for different operating conditions. At the end the obtained results are discussed with respect to feasibility of the system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.22.3.15307


In this paper, we take into account Lorentz's relativistic mass and then derive formulas for the Planck length and the Planck time that are not dependent on any other constants. Thus we can find the Planck length, the Planck time, and also the speed of gravity, from gravitational observations without any knowledge of any physical constants. This is in strong contrast to what has been, and currently is, thought to be the case. Since we take into account relativistic mass, our formulas are also fully accurate for a strong gravitational field. We will claim general relativity theory cannot be fully precise in respect to strong gravitational fields. For example, general relativity theory leads to an imaginary time dilation factor when at the Planck length distance from a Planck mass, but when taking into account Lorentz's relativistic mass, the time dilation works properly all the way down to, and including, the Planck length distance.


The carrier dynamics of donor-bound and free excitons, localized in the alloy disorder potential, were investigated for MgxZn1−xO (0.08≤x≤0.33) thin films. The measured transients show a fast decrease in the luminescence intensity within the first nanoseconds, followed by a slow, strongly nonexponential decay. Shortly after the excitation pulse, the time-delayed spectra are dominated by the (D0,X) recombination. With increasing time, the free exciton recombination becomes visible on the high-energy side, dominating the spectra at large times after the excitation pulse. By fitting the transients with nonexponential model decay functions, we can deconvolve the luminescence spectra. As expected, the mean decay time of the excitons localized in the alloy disorder potential significantly increases with increasing Mg content.


Cellular spaces have recently received a lot of attention in computer science and elsewhere as models capable of bridging the gap between disaggregate and aggregate description. Despite their obvious spatial interpretation, standard cell-space models are too constrained by their background conventions to be useful in realistic geographic applications. In this paper, a generalization of the cell-space principle is presented, based on discrete model theory, and then applied to a hypothetical but fairly complex problem of individual decision and large-scale urban change. The paper ends with a discussion of the wider import of this methodology, which has close links with, among other things, bifurcation theory, cognitive science modeling of individual decision and behavior, and other issues of actual or potential interest to geographers.


Ogallala orthoquartzite (commonly called Bijou Hills silicified sediment or quartzite) is a common material found at some sites in South Dakota along the Missouri River and extending into Nebraska. This paper provides a fuller geologic description of the rock than previously available. It also discusses the procurement method at two sites, 39TP6 and 39TP7, in Tripp County, South Dakota.


Agile Earth Observing Satellite (AEOS) scheduling problem (AEOSSP) consists in selecting a subset of tasks from a given task set which are then scheduled on the agile satellite with the purpose of maximizing the total reward of scheduled tasks. AEOSSP is strongly NP-hard and therefore existing solution approaches mainly fall in the field of heuristics and metaheuristics. According to the no free lunch theory, it is impossible to find a single heuristic that is well-applied to any problem instance and a problem-tailored heuristic is always needed. In this paper, we propose a genetic programming based evolutionary approach (GPEA) to automatically evolve a best-suited constructive heuristic for any given AEOSSP instance. The programs (individuals) of GPEA are heuristic rules encoded as trees of mathematical functions. The fitness of the program is evaluated through mapping the mathematical function to an AEOSSP solution using a timeline-based construction algorithm. Computational results on a set of well-designed AEOSSP scenarios show that the proposed GPEA leads to a heuristic algorithm that outperforms recently published sophisticated meta-heuristic algorithm (ALNS). Additional experiments were carried out to demonstrate that the timeline based construction algorithm plays a significant role in matching time-related characteristics in comparison to four commonly used heuristic algorithms. Our results also showed that the evolved heuristic rules preserve a certain extent of generality.


Significance Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest pool of reduced carbon in Earth's oceans, and changes in the size of this carbon reservoir can substantially impact atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. It is widely believed that the marine DOC pool was large for most of Earth's history, buffering the ocean–atmosphere system against oxygenation and allowing for very large perturbations to Earth's carbon cycle. A new mechanistic model of oceanic DOC cycling suggests no substantial change in the size of the marine DOC pool throughout Earth's history. These results cast new light on the potential role of marine DOC in modulating Earth's ocean and atmosphere composition and in the evolution of the earliest complex life. Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the largest pool of reduced carbon in the oceans, plays an important role in the global carbon cycle and contributes to the regulation of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide abundances. Despite its importance in global biogeochemical cycles, the long-term history of the marine DOC reservoir is poorly constrained. Nonetheless, significant changes to the size of the oceanic DOC reservoir through Earth's history have been commonly invoked to explain changes to ocean chemistry, carbon cycling, and marine ecology. Here, we present a revised view of the evolution of marine DOC concentrations using a mechanistic carbon cycle model that can reproduce DOC concentrations in both oxic and anoxic modern environments. We use this model to demonstrate that the overall size of the marine DOC reservoir has likely undergone very little variation through Earth's history, despite major changes in the redox state of the ocean–atmosphere system and the nature and efficiency of the biological carbon pump. A relatively static marine DOC reservoir across Earth's history renders it unlikely that major changes in marine DOC concentrations have been responsible for driving massive repartitioning of surface carbon or the large carbon isotope excursions observed in Earth's stratigraphic record and casts doubt on previously hypothesized links between marine DOC levels and the emergence and radiation of early animals.


Rabies remains an important public health problem in the world due to uncontrolled enzootic rabies. Although rabies associated fatalities may be prevented with timely immunoprophylaxis, but till date a therapeutic molecule has remained elusive. We investigated the role of rhuIFN α-2a in murine model challenged with rabies virus. Titre of 10 4.25 LD 50 /0.03 ml of 10% w/v RV CVS stock suspension were obtained. Based on 1LD 50 titre, challenge dose of 50 LD 50 was administered along with rhuIFN α-2a with pre-exposure (primed) and post-exposure with the rabies virus. Both showed increased survival time as compared with the virus controls. These findings suggest that the rhuIFN α-2a might have some anti-viral activity, which can be used for the treatment of rabies infection. Further research on the efficacy of interferon along with anti-viral drugs for the treatment will be helpful in designing combination therapy against the disease.


Abstract Two cultivars of cotton (Gossypium spp.) were grown in Yolo loam soil (soil pH about 6) in pots in a glasshouse to determine phytotoxic effects of excesses of Cu, Zn, Co, and Mn. Leaf yields of cv. Acala SJ‐2 were depressed 35% by 400 μg Cu/g soil, 54% by 400 μg Zn/g soil, 98% by 400 μg Co/g soil, and 84% by 2000 μg Mn/g soil. Leaf metal concentrations at these application levels in μg/g leaf were 12.0 Cu, 520 Zn, 243 Co, and 14780 Ma, respectively. Plants were tolerant of in / dry leaves of 10 Cu, 157 Zn and 444 Mn. The concentration for Co could not be ascertained. Leaf yields of cv. Giza 70 were depressed 53% by 400 μg Cu/g soil, 25% by 400 μg Zn/g soil, 92% by 400 μg Co/g soil and 90% by 2000 μg Mn/g soil. This cv. was more tolerant of Zn than Acala SJ‐2. Leaf metal concentrations at these application levels in μg/g leaf were 11.8 Cu, 312 Zn, 224 Co, and 18300 Mn respectively. Gradients of these four elements existed from leaves to stems. Many interactions with other elements were observed.


Byrd, Erick Tilghman. An Analysis of Variables That Influence Stakeholder Participation and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development in Rural North Carolina. (Under the direction of Dr. Larry Gustke). The purpose of the study was to explore and identify what variables influence stakeholder's support for or against sustainable tourism development and a stakeholder's participation in tourism and political activities. Three research questions were addressed in this study. The first question asked if there were any differences between stakeholders so that homogeneous groups can be identified. The second was what variables influence stakeholders' support for or against the development of sustainable tourism in a rural community? The third question was what variables influence a stakeholder's active or passive participation in the sustainable tourism development process? To answer these questions an instrument was developed and administered to two rural North Carolina counties, Johnston County and Martin County. The initial analysis of the data was conducted employing SPSS and produced descriptive statistics. To answer the research questions and to support or refute the hypothesizes decision trees were developed for support for sustainable tourism and participation in tourism and political activities using the Exhaustive CHAID method in SPSS Answer Tree. Based on the results of the study evidence was found that differences exist between stakeholders so that homogeneous groups can be identified. The results of the decision trees also indicated that there are variables that influence a stakeholder's support for or against sustainable tourism policy development. The results also indicated that there are variables that influence a stakeholder's level of participation in tourism policy development. From this information a model was developed that indicated variables that influence a stakeholder's support for sustainable tourism and variables that influence a stakeholder's participation in tourism and political activities. The model demonstrates the relationship between the variables that influence support and participation and the social dimension of sustainable tourism. Form the results of this study a better understanding of the social dimension of sustainable tourism was developed. An Analysis of Variables that Influence Stakeholder Participation and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development in Rural North Carolina


The vibration characteristic analysis method for a quartz microgyroscope based on the admittance circle is reported in this paper. Admittance theory is introduced and the admittance circle principle is analysed to study the vibration characteristics of the quartz microgyroscope. The prototype gyroscope was fabricated by micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The admittance and phase diagram of the work mode were obtained by vibration mode test systems. Then the admittance circle of the work mode was drawn, and the parameter identification of the transfer function between the voltage and current was completed to analyse the vibration characteristics. Therefore, the vibration characteristic analysis method based on the admittance circle can be used to build the transfer function of the quartz microgyroscope, which is helpful for the design of a high performance quartz microgyroscope.


The present invention its particles on the contact area, the three-dimensional dimensional stability molded article made of the polymer particles with at least partly firmly connected to each other in the particles, the particles preferably is at least partially bonded to each other in the contact area have. The pre-packaged molded article made of the polymer powder particles made of PMMA is porous by the three-dimensional structure, and may take the acrylate or MMA, cast, pressed, or may be emitted and formed after the paste that can be cured by common techniques or cream phase to form a dough. Further subject of the invention is a kit for the preparation and use of this paste onto the dough. The preliminary molded product in the package is used in prostheses, for example dental prosthesis, bone cement preparation of investment compounds, especially a porous substrate as an investment (investment) of the compound from (bone cement), metallography.


Antjie Krog, a leading public intellectual in South Africa, has developed a distinctive voice. It crosses linguistic, generic, and philosophical lines. In so doing, it draws in a large audience at the same time as it unsettles the audience. Krog's work envisions possibility.


Studies on social networking sites (SNSs) rarely touched on the acceptance of SNS use in theworkplace. This study, in turn, attempts to fill this gap by explaining the acceptance of SNSuse in the workplace by proposing a research model for the acceptance of SNS use, based onthe technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), in orderto explain the intention of employers to adopt SNS use in the workplace. Structural equationmodeling (SEM) was used to examine the extent to which the perception of employers on thebenefits/usefulness, subjective norm, risks, and the ease of use of SNSs affect the intention toadopt the use of SNSs in the workplace. Data was collected from 81 employers in the U.S.The findings show that both perceived usefulness and perceived subjective norm are the maindeterminants of the intention to adopt social networking site use in the workplace.


It is one of the most bothersome problems that the coal drops from bets in a coal conveying system.For the complexity and multiplicity of the positions and reasons,it is very difficult to deal with the coal dropping from belts.In this paper,the coal conveying system of Mawan General Power Plant exampled,four indexes are provided to quantify the dropped coal.By summating the four indexes in the different positions according to the weight of them,the main reasons can be found directly and comprehensive treatment measures are presented.This quantitative analysis is of practical significance to all coal conveying systems to analyze the coal dropping from the belts.


People, especially young adults, often use their smartphones out of habit: They compulsively browse social networks, check emails, and play video-games with little or no awareness at all. While previous studies analyzed this phenomena qualitatively, e.g., by showing that users perceive it as meaningless and addictive, yet our understanding of how to discover smartphone habits and mitigate their disruptive effects is limited. Being able to automatically assess habitual smartphone use, in particular, might have different applications, e.g., to design better "digital wellbeing" solutions for mitigating meaningless habitual use. To close this gap, we first define a data analytic methodology based on clustering and association rules mining to automatically discover complex smartphone habits from mobile usage data. We assess the methodology over more than 130,000 phone usage sessions collected from users aged between 16 and 33, and we show evidence that smartphone habits of young adults can be characterized by various types of links between contextual situations and usage sessions, which are highly diversified and differently perceived across users. We then apply the proposed methodology in Socialize, a digital wellbeing app that (i) monitors habitual smartphone behaviors in real time and (ii) uses proactive notifications and just-in-time reminders to encourage users to avoid any identified smartphone habits they consider as meaningless. An in-the-wild study with 20 users (ages 19–31) demonstrates that Socialize can assist young adults in better controlling their smartphone usage with a significant reduction of their unwanted smartphone habits.


In this work we propose a measure system and collects data for air's trails using magnetic sensor linked to the game port of a PC. The reading of the data in the door is made by a small program written LOGO language. The system was tested with excellent results in studies of the uniform movement and evenly varied.


We developed an 11-item Psychology as a Helping Profession (PHP) scale that measured aspects of personal growth/helping skills and applied helping. The scale was only weakly correlated with Friedrich's (1996) Psychology as Science (PAS) scale, implying that the 2 scales measure different conceptions of the nature of psychology. Psychology majors were more likely to endorse psychology as both a helping profession and as a science than were nonmajors. Students with higher scores on the PAS were more likely to endorse the idea of conducting research in the future, whereas students with higher scores on the PHP were more likely to endorse the idea of being a therapist in the future. Using the PHP and PAS in tandem might help in departmental assessment of interests and needs of students.


To order the complete compilation report, use: ADA423729 The component part is provided here to allow users access to individually authored sections f proceedings, annals, symposia, etc. However, the component should be considered within [he context of the overall compilation report and not as a stand-alone technical report. Abstract Lattice matched n-type AlGaAsSb-InGaAsSb-GaSb heterostructures for uncooled infrared detectors including separate absorption and multiplication avalanche photodiodes (SAM-APD) as well as low-voltage InGaAsSb APDs were grown using inexpensive liquid phase epitaxy. Formation of the pn-junction was performed through diffusion of Zn from the vapor phase. Responsivity at X = 2 pm as high as 3.5 A/W was achieved in InGaAsSb APD biased at 8 V with the avalanche multiplication starting at 6 V. Our calculations have shown that the above parameters can result in a NEP value as low as lxl0-2 W or D* value as high as 2x10 10 cm'Hz 1 1 2 /W at room temperature for 400 gim diameter (200 pm diameter photoactive area) APD diodes.


The invention discloses a nutritional whole-grain cereal meal and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of food processing. The nutritional whole-grain cereal meal is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of black rice, 5-10 parts of semen sesami nigrum, 5-10 parts of oat, 1-5 parts of black glutinous rice, 1-5 parts of black bean flour, 1-5 parts of oatmeal, 1-2 parts of purple sweet potatoes and purple Chinese yam or 1-2 parts of freeze-drying raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following working procedures of frying the semen sesami nigrum, puffing the black rice and the black glutinous rice, crushing raw materials, mixing and the like. The nutritional whole-grain cereal meal has the characteristics of low content of fat, high content of proteins, dietary fibers and vitamins, relatively reasonable nutrition match, relatively convenience in preparation, and rich mouthfeel, can effectively remedy the problems of poor nutrition replenishment, low proteins, inconvenience in eating, poor mouthfeel and the like in existing foods (especially the food for breakfast), so that the dietary structure for the breakfast becomes reasonable.


We report on the magnitude of the intrinsic [Fe/H] spread in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) intermediate-age massive clusters NGC 339, 361, Lindsay 1 and 113, respectively. In order to measure the cluster metallicity dispersions, we used accurate Strömgren photometry of carefully selected cluster red giant branch (RGB) stars. We determined the Fe-abundance spreads by employing a maximum likelihood approach. The spreads obtained using the more accurate photometry of the brighter RGB stars resulted to be marginal (∼0.05 ± 0.03 dex) for NGC 339 and NGC 361, while for Lindsay 1 and Lindsay 113, we obtained metallicity spreads of 0.00 ± 0.04 dex. From these results, we speculate that NGC 361 is added to the group of four SMC clusters with observational evidence of multiple populations (MPs). Furthermore, in the context of the present debate about the existence of Fe-abundance inhomogeneities among old clusters with MPs, these outcomes place new constrains on recent theoretical speculations for making this phenomenon visible.


1. Experiments show relative weakness of the second metatarsal epiphysis at a certain stage of epiphysial maturation.

2. It is shown that at this stage Freiberg's infraction is likely to occur.

3. It has been demonstrated that even gross comminution with disruption of the articular cartilage of the second metatarsal head is compatible with a radiograph of almost normal appearance.


The main objective of this work is to analyze the measures implemented during the Franco dictatorship over the period 1939?1959 to revive the exports of cork products, which had fallen sharply since the beginning of the crisis of 1929. The first measure, implemented in 1939 and 1940, was granting tax reliefs to exporters of several cork products; its impact on commercial traffic of cork was very low. The second measure was the establishment, between 1946 and 1950, of a subsidies system for cork exports, which allowed the recovery of the Spanish cork exports. Yet, these were classified as dumping by the United States and created a trade conflict, which forced its repeal. Immediately after this repeal, cork products were incorporated into the multiple exchange rates mechanism in force in Spain since 1948, a system of hidden subsidies that allowed an improvement in cork exports during the 1950's. The work also examines whether the objective of protecting domestic industry, through the promotion of cork manufactures exports, was limited by the need of obtaining foreign exchange from exports. The incentives that the dictatorship applied for the export of raw cork that was in turn needed by the industry to work with, seems to point to such limit. (Main text in Spanish)


This book examines the problem of designing an on-axis stigmatic lens, a lens free of spherical aberration, using two postulates: the Fermat principle and Snell's Law. It is a valuable resource for industrial specialists and academics in lens design and optics, and is an insightful guide for optical physics students.


corporations ethically Abstract Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been a subject of research interest and has drawn awareness for researchers and business practitioners from various fields. When doing their CSR activities, companies might have several motives that could be beneficial not only for the company itself, but also for their stakeholders. This paper focuses on a specific CSR initiative (i.e. scholarship program) provided by two companies in Indonesia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the representatives of the companies to explore the company's motives. A cross-case analysis was also presented to describe the findings. The findings revealed that both firm-serving and public-serving motives were prevalent as the motives for doing CSR activities. The interviews also suggested that belief, value and religious thoughts would also be relevant factors for an organization to initiate its CSR activity.


The mobile market development has a high impact on all domains including education. Smart mobile devices started to be affordable and the massive use on educational processes does not seem to be too far. Mobile learning applications are be targeted for all major mobile operating systems as native applications or Web-based. The objective of this paper is to present the implementation of the evaluation module for an m-learning application developed for iOS devices. The m-learning application is targeted to a higher education institution. The application uses Web services in order to obtain the content and to authenticate the users.


Constitution, as the supreme law, is created to protect human rights. Constitution contains basic principles of state administration and citizens rights that have to be protected. In relation to the citizens political rights, election is related to Human Rigts matters. Election administration constitutes manifest acknowledgement of human rights in the life of the nation. Democratic election can be carrried out if there protection of human rights is guaranteed. One of the holders of judicial power that plays roles in providing human rigths protection through its decision is Constitutional Court (CC). The Court carries out the function as the guardian of the constitution, the final interpreter of the constitution. Besides, the Court also functions as the guardian of democracy, the protector of citizens' constitutional rights and the protector of human rights. The function of the Court as the protector of human rights constitute consequence of the incorporation of Human Rights as the substance of the constitution. The endeavour of the Court to protect human rights can be perceived from some of its decisions either in the case of judicila review of laws or settlement of local election disputes which are, inter alia, restoration of the right to vote for the former members of Indonesian Communist Party, the right to vote for certain ex-prisoners, the granting of rights to be candidate for parties that do not have seat in the parliament, the right to be candidate for individual independent citizen in local election, protection of rights for incumbents, the right  to vote that is free from threat and terror, protection of the right to be candidate thta is free from the act of impediment and recognition of mechanisms that are recognized in customary law.


Corresponding author: Sujin Hwang Department of Physical Therapy, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, 76 Munam-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31065, Republic of Korea Tel: 82-41-550-2309 Fax: 82-41-550-2829 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licens es/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2016 Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science http://dx.doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2016.5.3.120 pISSN 2287-7576 eISSN 2287-7584 Phys Ther Rehabil Sci 2016, 5 (3), 120-124 www.jptrs.org


Objective  To detect a detrimental or beneficial effect of anti‐IL‐12/23 biological agents (ustekinumab and briakinumab) for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).


CONTAINING PROPYLENE POLYMERISED A) 50 to 95% by weight of a propylene homopolymer with an index of melt flow from 0.1 to 100 g / 10 min, at a temperature of 230 DICE isotacticity of at least 98%, B) 5 to 50% by weight of a copolymerized ETHYLENE WITH 4 A 40% by weight of a ALQU 1 / CM SUP, 3} YC) 0 1.5% by weight of a nucleating agent, sO THE SUM OF pERCENTAGES OF propylene homopolymer A) AND ETHYLENE copolymer B) is always 100%. Propylene Polymerized characterized in particular by a stiff HIGH AND VERY LOW TENDENCY TO FRACTURE.


This paper concerns the investigation and comments of the causes of corrosion found to have taken place on stainless steel nitric acid plate coolers at a Caribbean site. The installation is briefly described, the occurrence and forms of corrosion are analysed and solutions discussed.


We present the comprehensive characterization of several experimental ZnO:Al films for thin film solar cell applications. The morphological and optical properties of these films are determined using traditional and new, experimental measurement techniques and results are compared to those of the commercial Asahi U-type TCO as well as samples of planar TCOs coated in silver nanoparticles. Results show that the textured ZnO:Al films provide far superior scattering to the commercial alternatives studied. Nanoparticle coated planar TCOs also show scattering enhancement with results suggesting that nanoparticle layers could be tuned to predominantly scatter light within a chosen wavelength range.


The authors are tackling the development of novel chemical sensor elements for detecting air pollutants. The base material of the sensor elements is porous glass, which has favorable features such as transparency and porosity. The sensor elements were prepared by impregnating reagents in a sheet of porous glass. The reagents were the Saltzman reagent for the detection of nitrogen dioxide, beta-diketones for formaldehyde and potassium iodide for oxidant. The resultant elements were colorless. The first element was highly sensitive and changed to clear wine red upon exposures to nitrogen dioxide. The second element for formaldehyde developed yellow and was detectable as low as a few tens ppb for an exposure time of 8 h. The third element for oxidant also showed high sensitivity. Evaluation of the effects of various gases on these elements, which are indispensable in applying them to the real atmosphere, is underway except for the NO2 elements. The concept leading to the present study is briefly explained.


Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines photosensitizers absorbing light in the visible spectral region and irradiation with light of corresponding wavelengths. We analysed the sensitivity of cell lines established from resident cutaneous cells and from transformed lymphocytes towards PDT.


BONDING LONGEVITY OF UNIVERSAL ADHESIVE SYSTEMS ON SOUND AND CARIES-AFFECTED DENTIN AUTHOR: Andressa Cargnelutti Follak ADVISOR: Fábio Zovico Maxnuck Soares A new generation of adhesive systems are currently available on market. They were reported on the literature as "universal adhesives" or "multimode adhesives". These adhesives are versatile, as they can be use in either etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategy. However, only a few data is available about long-term bonding behavior of universal adhesive systems. Then, the aim of this study is to evaluate immediate and six months bond strength of different universal adhesive systems on sound and cariesaffected dentin, either on etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategies. The adhesive systems tested were: Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE), All-Bond Universal (Bisco), Prime & Bond Elect (Denstply Caulk), Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE) and Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Noritake Dental). All adhesive systems were applied under manufacturer's instructions and a composite block was build up on dentin surfaces. Caries-affected dentin was artificially induced by pH-cycling (8h immersed on demineralizing solution and 16h on remineralizing solution, for 14 days). Stick shaped specimens (0,8 mm2) were obtained to be submitted to microtensile test at immediate time or after 6 months of storage. Bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed by three-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test (α= 5%). Analysis were performed for each substrate separately. On sound dentin, the etching strategy did not influence bond strength of universal adhesives and no significant statistical differences were found for bond strength values after 6 months of water storage. On caries-affected dentin, adhesive systems also showed similar results regardless etching strategies. However, significant reduction in bond strength values was found after six months. The etching strategy did not influence bond strength performance of universal adhesives on dentin substrate, although the long-term bond strength is decreased on caries-affected dentin.


We show that using either the method of Page & Carrera or the well-known 1/Va method to construct the binned luminosity function (LF) of a flux limited sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can produce an artificial flattening (or steepening in the case of negative evolution) of the binned LF for bins intersected by the flux cutoff of the sample. This effect is more pronounced for samples with steep and strongly evolving parent LFs but is still present even for non-evolving LFs. As a result of this distortion of the true LF, fitting a model LF to binned data may lead to errors in the estimation of the parameters and may even prompt the erroneous use of broken power-law functions. We compute the expected positions of apparent breaks in the binned LF. We show that these spurious breaks in the binned LFs can be avoided if the binning is done in the flux-redshift plane instead of the typically used luminosity-redshift plane. Binning in the flux-redshift plane can be used in conjunction with the binning in the luminosity-redshift plane to test for real breaks in the binned LFs and to identify the features that are the result of binning biases. We illustrate this effect for most typical forms of luminosity dependence and redshift evolution and show how the proposed method helps address this problem. We also apply this method to the MOJAVE AGN sample and show that it eliminates an apparent break in the binned LF.


The difficulty to scale K-indices is how to identify the solar regular variation (S_R) and FMI method is a verified effective method for appropriate elimination of S_R.However FMI method is not able to give K-indices in real time because there is always one day's delay to acquire S_R.To solve this problem we propose a new method based on radial basis neural network which is able to give real time K-indices.Firstly the solar regular variations of H element is obtained by the modified FMI method and then radial basis neural network is used to model this time series, and finally according to the model output and the current mean minute value of H element K-indices are scaled in real time.Experiments show that this method can give real-time solar regular variations with a standard error of 3.8598 nT.The comparison between the K-indices scaled by FMI-H method with one day's delay and the real-time K-indices confirm this method: 69.8% are in agreement,0.77% differ more than one unit.


This paper proposes that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is employed to build the quantitative relations between wearability and blending ratio of the 9 kinds of cashmere/wool/bamboo pulp/PTT blended fabrics based on the datum concerning various wearabilities of the blended fabrics and forecast the best blending ratio.Our results show that the wearability of blending ratio 7/33/35/25 is the best of them.


Group projects are an essential component of teaching user interface (UI) design. We identified six challenges in transferring traditional group projects into the context of Massive Open Online Courses: managing dropout, avoiding free-riding, appropriate scaffolding, cultural and time zone differences, and establishing common ground. We present a case study of the design of a group project for a UI Design MOOC, in which we implemented technical tools and social structures to cope with the above challenges. Based on survey analysis, interviews, and team chat data from the students over a six-month period, we found that our socio-technical design addressed many of the obstacles that MOOC learners encountered during remote collaboration. We translate our findings into design implications for better group learning experiences at scale.


The Geoelectric method had applied to found ground water. This research was conducted in areal of Kecamatan Bukit Raya Pekanbaru, with field 50 x 45 m 2 , measurement line AB and was interpretive to drilling ground water for housing needs. The drilling was suggested not under AB areal. The result was interpretation that under the areal AB not indicated presence ground water.


1. Millie R. Chang, MD*
2. Andrew H. Chon, MD†
3. Jacquelyn Baskin, MD‡,§
4. Ali Nael, MD*,¶
5. Ramen H. Chmait, MD†

1. *Department of Pediatrics,

2. §Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Disease,

3. ¶Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

4. †Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,

5. ‡Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA

Children face a daily balancing act between antigens, allergy, and immunity. Sometimes, that balance turns pathologic. Either the antigen can "win" or the immune response can end up hurting the host. In the review articles and case reports this month, we are reminded of immune reactions gone awry, and we learn how to care for affected children.

Philip R. Fischer, MD

Associate Editor, Index of Suspicion

A 30-year-old gravida 2, para 1 woman with an intrauterine pregnancy at 29 1/7 weeks' gestation was referred for suspected fetal anemia secondary to rhesus (D) (Rh[D]) alloimmunization. The fetus received 3 intrauterine transfusions (IUTs) during the pregnancy (Table). The patient delivered vaginally at 37 1/7 weeks' gestation. The birthweight was 2,680 g, and Apgar scores were 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. On postnatal day 1, phototherapy was initiated for hyperbilirubinemia. On postnatal day 2, a complete blood cell count showed a white blood cell count of 2,500/μL (2.5 × 109/L), a hemoglobin (Hb) level of 16.7 g/dL (167 g/L), a hematocrit level of 46.6%, and a platelet count of 68 × 103/μL (68 × 109/L). The baby was discharged on postnatal day 3 when phototherapy was discontinued. Repeated bilirubin levels were within normal limits at an outpatient follow-up visit on postnatal day 4. The baby was seen in the clinic on postnatal day 10 for a health supervision visit, and a follow-up appointment was scheduled for 2 months of age.

View this table:

Table.
Intrauterine Transfusions Performed During Pregnancy for the Treatment of Rhesus (D) Alloimmunization

On postnatal day 49, the parents noted the …


Hypertension accelerates diabetic nephropathy. To determine whether aggressive antihypertensive therapy could change the progression of renal insufficiency, 11 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and diabetic nephropathy were investigated in a long-term prospective …


American teachers prominently participated in the boom in tourism that occurred in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s. Both male and female teachers from school districts of all sizes in all parts of the country traveled more frequently both in Europe and within the United States. Employers encouraged this development by enhancing the salaries of teacher who were tourists. But teachers themselves also used tourism as a way to earn recognition as part of the emerging American middle class. In turn, the respectability and professional recognition they achieved through tourism helped them to arrange a part of their lives that was beyond the gaze of their principals, superintendents and school board members.


This paper proposes a two wheels caster type odometer to estimate the current position and orientation of omnidirectional vehicles. The proposed odometer is composed of two passive wheels and one passive rotational axis. The two passive wheels rotate independently, and the passive rotational axis changes the odometer's orientation. Angular velocities of the two wheels and rotational axis are measured by three rotary encoders. In order to solve an encoder's wiring problem by increasing rotation of the rotational axis, a mechanism of a gear train is proposed. Using measured values of the three encoders, the current velocity vector of an omni-directional vehicle is calculated by kinematics of the proposed odometer. Using the velocity vector, the position and orientation of the omni-directional vehicle are estimated by dead-reckoning. An experimental two wheels caster type odometer is developed. Experimental results of localization by the developed odometer are shown in this paper.


Purpose The correct diagnosis could be missed in the presence of an incomplete or incorrectly performed radiological technique, the proper diagnosis could be missed without an incomplete radiological technique or when it is not well-conducted. Knowing the articular biomechanics of the joint compartment to be studied is a fundamental step in the radiological process. It is extremely important to know the biomechanics of the elbow joint because it is a fundamental step of the radiological process. The correct radiological technique is one of the many fundamental steps that protects the health and safety of the patient (The right radiological technique is one of the most important medical step to protect the patient's physical health and safety. Patient's medical history The medical history concerns a 59-year-old patient who accesses the first-aid point of a hospital unit integrated in the territory, after an accident in the workplace. The man, trying to sit down again on his own workstation, fell on the ground and got a trauma in the back of the left coxo-femoral joint. The patient, after having been examined by the doctor in 118, arrives at radiology with a request for further radiological diagnosis of the pelvis and left hip. The space referred to the clinical classification reports "workplace injury, gluteus trauma and left side functional pain and impotence". The first radiographic approach has provided beyond the standard projections the oblique projection of the hip known as Frog Legs. Following the first investigation the patient was found to be free of fractures. At the first orthopedic check-up, ten days after the trauma, the patient underwent a radiographic check, which revealed a left hip fracture. The second radiographic approach was different than the first, the projective technique focused on projections that could enhance the painful area of the patient, which after a while still made autonomous walking impossible. In the second radiographic approach the projections that revealed the fracture were free of abduction movements, however, as a last one, an oblique Lauenstein projection was performed. Following clinical deterioration, the patient performed a left hip CT scan within a few days (It is the anamnesis of a fifty-nine-year-old patient that get him to the Emergency Room of an integrated hospital unit area, after an accident at work. Trying to sit on his work station, this man fell down on the ground and injured his left Coxo-femoral joint. After an in depth visit made by the E.R. doctor, the man went to radiology department with a medical request for a deepening pelvis and left hip X-ray. His X-ray results suffer substantial damage: "work-related accident, gluteus muscle and left hip trauma, pain and functional impotence". The first X-ray interpretation has planned the implementation of the following X-ray projections: Pelvis AP X-ray projections, left hip AP X-ray projections and left hip OBL projections, also known as Frog Legs. After this first check, there was absence of traumatic fractures of the examinated joint. Ten days after the trauma, during the second check, the X-ray projections revealed a left hip fracture. The second radiographic approach was different than the first, the projective technique focused on projections that could enhance the painful area of the patient. In the second radiographic approach the projections showed the fracture were free of abduction movements, however, as a last one, an oblique Lauenstein projection was performed. Following clinical deterioration, the patient performed a left hip CT scan in a few days. Conclusions The radiographer is called to know the correct technique of performing the examinations both as regards the correct exposure and as regards the choice of the best projective approach. The TSRM is required to put into practice its technical and practical knowledge in synergy with its communication skills, in order to be able to interface as best as possible with the patient, in order to carry out the most correct projections to be applied on a joint biomechanical basis. Given the profound correlation between joint physiology and the choice of the most correct radiological projections, one could suggest the inclusion of joint biomechanics as a discipline of the degree course in radiology imaging and radiotherapy techniques. The Frog Legs projection is used almost exclusively in the study of dysplastic pathology, moreover in most cases it is performed in comparative terms to offer a morphological comparison between the two joints. It is therefore concluded that it is good practice not to perform any projection that foresees abduction in traumatic patients, in order to guarantee an optimal report and protection of the patient's health In view of the above, we can conclude that a precise diagnosis is an essential quality of a good execution technique. Radiographer should be prepared for every eventuality and he/she should apply all the communication skills, to be able to understand all the patient's needs, in order to make correct projections. For a cultural advancement of radiographer, the knowledge of articular biomechanics is essential to be able to understand what kind of projection are required to answer the diagnostic question, respecting the health and safety of patients. The Frog Legs projection is used almost exclusively in the study of dysplastic pathology, moreover in most cases it is carried out in comparison to offer a morphological comparison between the two joints. In conclusion we can say that it is not a good practice to perform projections that foresees abduction in traumatic patients, in order to guarantee an optimal report and protection of the patient's health.


There is strong evidence that characteristics of buildings and indoor environments significantly influence rates of respiratory disease, allergy and asthma symptoms, sick building symptoms, and worker performance. Theoretical considerations, and limited empirical data, suggest that existing technologies and procedures can improve indoor environments in a manner that significantly increases health and productivity. At present, one can develop only crude estimates of the magnitude of productivity gains that may be obtained by providing better indoor environments; however, the projected gains are very large.


The 2nd edition of the book "Anthrax: Actual Problems of Developing and Implementing Medical Protection Means" has been published under the editorship of RAS Academician G. G. Onishchenko, Professor I. V. Darmov and Corresponding Member of RAS S.V. Borisevich. The main reason for the release of the first edition was the increased attention to the anthrax problem after the terrorist attack in the USA in 2001 using Bacillus anthracis as a bacteriological agent [1]. These events have become a significant incentive for research in many countries, including Russia.


Component Framework technology is being introduced as a new reuse technology. It is a larger reuse unit than component. Adaptation and integration of components in CBD are being raised as main issues. In order to address these issues, component framework is given as a new solution. However, current approaches don`t suggest a comprehensive reference model and systematic design technique applying reference model. In this paper, we propose a design technique based on reference model and development process for component framework. Concrete instructions such as how to design component framework`s architecture, how to design macro workflows among components, and so on are proposed in our paper. We believe that proposed reference model becomes basis for component framework design and proposed design technique will support component framework`s reliable and effective development.


A computation algorithm has been developed to evaluate the exact probability of error for partial response (p.r.) signals in the presence of intersymbol interference and additive Gaussian noise in a digital communication system for a wide range of signal/noise ratio and sampling time error. This can readily be used to study the performance of already familiar p.r. signals or any new p.r. format which can be composed from a general p.r. polynomial.


New design ankyrin repeat proteins as well as such proteins in the treatment of such HGF binding protein nucleic acid encoding, pharmaceutical compositions and disease containing such proteins, with binding specificity for HGF It describes the use.


A fastening device comprises a metal piece 11 obtained by cutting and folding a sheet or a strip, and shaped jumper to be hopped on a metal support in the form of a beam or bar. The piece 11 comprises a U-shaped stirrup having two side faces 16, 17 forming a jaw equipped with a series of lugs 19 spaced along the upper arms 13b and a pair of flexible teeth 18 acting as springs at the ends 13d lower arms. The peel strength is improved, and the engagement of the two flexible teeth against the underside of the carrier can manage multiple thicknesses of the support.


Background:Glycoprotein (gp) IIb/IIIa-receptor antagonists are highly effective antiplatelet agents with proven efficacy in the treatment of acute coronary and experimental cerebral ischemia. In this study we examined the rate of hemorrhagic transformation and major bleedings in patients with acute stroke treated with tirofiban, a nonpeptide gpIIb/IIIa antagonist. Methods: Eighteen patients with progressively deteriorating acute ischemic stroke were treated with body-weight adjusted intravenous tirofiban for a mean period of 46 h and compared with a matched group of 17 acute ischemic clinically stable stroke patients. Cerebral hemorrhage was assessed by cranial imaging 6–10 days after symptom onset. Results: No major intracranial hemorrhage was observed in either group. Clinically asymptomatic hemorrhagic infarctions type I/II/III were detected in 4/2/0 controls and in 4/1/1 patients of the tirofiban group, respectively (OR = 0.92; 95% CI 0.4–2.5). Clinical outcome scores were not different in both groups (p = 0.18). Conclusions: Tirofiban was not associated with a significantly increased cerebral bleeding rate in acute ischemic stroke. Randomized multicenter studies are needed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiban in the treatment of acute stroke.


Righting manipulator is imitating the shape of the hand, to replace the worker in the wellhead operations crawl and righting columns action, implemented in unmanned condition wellhead mechanical pipe string centering automatically to a predetermined location function This review focuses on remote control wellhead operations structural design of the righting manipulator, theoretical research, virtual simulation and functional experimental studies.


– It is possible to say that the cultural change is the area that globalization, which aims to remove economic borders, faces the most resistance relatively. Rather than the failure of globalization, the reason of this may be the fact that culture does not open to change in a short time. Despite the age-long adventure of globalization, the rapid and required change on a detail such as the "greeting" culture may be a candidate for being the quickest globalization story. In other words, due to Covid-19 that takes place on the first rank of the world's agenda since the last months of 2019, a new greeting (cannot shake hands) forms are found


1. Dupont B, Dao T, Joubert C, et al. Randomised clinical trial: enteral nutrition does not improve the long-term outcome of alcoholic cirrhotic patients with jaundice. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35: 1166–74. 2. Tai MLS, Razlan H, Goh KL, et al. Short term nasogastric versus oral feeding in hospitalised patients with advanced cirrhosis: a randomised trial. E-SPEN, the European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism 2011; 6: e242–7. 3. Moriwaki H. Protein-energy malnutrition in liver cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol 2002; 37: 578–9. 4. Muto Y, Sato S, Watanabe A, et al. Effects of oral branched-chain amino acid granules on event-free survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 3: 705–13. 5. Stickel F, Hoehn B, Schuppan D, et al. Review article: nutritional therapy in alcoholic liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18: 357–73. 6. Albers I, Hartmann H, Bircher J, et al. Superiority of the ChildPugh classification to quantitative liver function tests for assessing prognosis of liver cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 24: 269– 76.


Typos and filing mistakes can create a huge Medicare billing problem, as one writer discovered. Here's what to do if you get 'disowned.'


This study was designed to create different atmosphere on learning illustration drawing for primary school students. The method was through fairy tales before students begin to draw. This research used quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group. The sample was 5th grade primary school students in SDN Sukalilah, reflected the population of all 5th grade primary school students in Pamulihan subdistrict. Analyzed using significant poin at 0.05 or 5%, results showed that learning through fairy tales method contributed significantly to students result of animal and its nature illustration drawing, with determinant percent 45,02%. In addition, using Fairy Methode could increase the Learning Motivation of the students, yet, not significantly. There are positive relations between the Learning Drawing result by Learning Motivation of student for about 0,25%.


Belize has been named among the list of 10 most violent countries in the world. The news media in Belize have been known to use crime stories as headlines in both electronic and print, but there has never been a formal study to determine how prevalent and sensational. This research seeks to address the question of whether two of Belize's most-read newspapers, the Reporter and the Amandala, have more sensational stories in their headlines, and how these stories compare to government and other human interest news. A sample of 120 front-page headlines/stories spanning a five-year period – from January 2010 through December 2014 – were contentanalyzed to determine the ratio of sensational news to "other" news headlines.


Conventional ESD guidelines dictate a large protection device close to the pad. The resulting capacitive load causes a severe impedance mismatch and bandwidth degradation. A distributed ESD protection scheme is proposed to enable a low-loss impedance-matched transition from the package to the chip. A simple resistive model adequately predicts the ESD behavior under stress according to the charged device and human body models. The large area of the distributed ESD scheme could limit its application to designs such as distributed amplifiers, rf transceivers, A/D converters, and serial links with only a few dedicated high-speed interfaces. The distributed ESD protection is compatible with high-speed layout guidelines, requiring only low-loss transmission lines in addition to a conventional ESD device.


Six novel five-amino tetrazole Schiff bases were synthesized by the condensation reaction of 5H–tetrazol-5-amine with three substituted aldehydes and three corresponding ketones, alongside their corresponding oxazepine derivatives by the reaction of the different five-amino tetrazole Schiff bases with furan-2,5-dione (maleic anhydride). The five-amino tetrazole Schiff bases have a wider range of percentage yield (17% - 87%) than their oxazepine derivatives which range from 17.98% to 53.68%. The detailed chemical and spectroscopic analyses are discussed. The prepared tetrazole Schiff bases and their corresponding oxazepine derivatives showed significantly different biological activities against two types of bacteria and fungi. The two bacteria used were Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram negative) while the fungus used is Candida albicans . Keywords : Schiff base, Oxazepine, Antimicrobial screening


Urgency, frequency, and nocturia in the absence of another underlying organic condition form the cornerstone of diagnosis of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Urgency—a sudden compelling need to urinate—may or may not be associated with urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Frequency is defined as eight or more small voids daily. Two ormore voids at night define nocturia.1 Historically, patients with OABmay not have enjoyed the full benefits of evaluation and treatment due to a reluctance to seek care and a lack of knowledgeable practitioners. This article aims to improve understanding of the impact of OAB, thereby reinforcing the need for appropriate diagnosis.Asimple-to-follow treatment protocol is presented, which will help to identify appropriate treatments as well as indications for both early and late referral.


The effect of different weights of seed yam (250, 300 and 350 g) on growth and tuber yield of white yam were evaluated. The results showed significant differences (P 0.05) between seed yam weight of 300 and 350 g, but they were significantly higher than seed yam weight of 250 g for vine number, and basal diameter and leaf number. The results on yield parameters showed that tuber number, length and fresh weight increased. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P


Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantity of enamel loss after microabrasion treatment in different severity of white spot lesions resulting from orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Fourty-five recently extracted caries-free human upper premolar were collected. White spot lesions (WSLs) were formed, considering the severity of the decalcification using an artificial caries solution. According to this, lesions were scored and 3 groups were established, Group 1: mild lesion, Group 2: severe lesion, and Group 3: cavitation lesion. Microabrasion was applied only distobuccal side of the teeth. The other side were used as control. Each specimen picture was captured with a stero microscope and its'camera. The axiovison software was used to measure the depth of the demineralization in micrometer. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were taken after the microabration application. Results: The highest enamel wear was 304.44 μm ± 72.61 μm found in cavitation group after microabrasion. In the microabrasion side there was no differences between mild and severe groups. Whereas cavitation group was found statistical significance due to increased enamel wear depth after microabrasion (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study quantitatively prove that microabrasion technique is a conservative treatment with a satisfactory outcome for mild and severe WSLs.


Fig. 1. Magnetostrictive behaviour of iron (110) specimen surface during cyclic magnetization at room temperature. Circle marks were plotted while H was ascending. An open circle of them indicated the point that was measured at H = 0. Solid curve was a guide to the eye for ascending H. Broken curve for descending H was simply obtained from reversing the solid curve at H = 0. After [5], modified. 15B1/2005G002 Magnetostriction Curve of Iron Observed with X-ray Diffraction