Marine engineering materials are prone to serious corrosion damage, which affects the efficiency and reliability of marine equipment. The diversity of corrosion morphology makes it difficult to achieve the quantification and standardization of the microscopic local information on the corroded surface, which is of great significance to reveal the multi-scale corrosion mechanism. In this paper, an image intelligent recognition method for the corrosion damage of Q420 steel in seawater is established, which is based on the gray level co-occurrence matrix, binary image method and fractal model. Through the feature extraction of corrosion morphology, the quantitative analysis of corrosion morphology and the microscopic evaluation of corrosion characteristics are achieved. The image recognition data are consistent with the electrochemical result for most cases, which confirms the validity of this image intelligent recognition method. The average gray value and energy value of corrosion morphology reduces with the Cl− concentration, indicating that the corrosion damage aggravates gradually. The increasing standard deviation and entropy reflects that the randomness of the pit distribution increases. The pitting ratio increases from 20.19% to 51.64% as the Cl− concentration increases from 50% to 200% of the standard solution. However, there exists a discrepancy for high Cl− concentration because of the irregular corrosion morphology and various pit depth. The fractal dimension increases with the complexity of the corroded surface at low Cl− concentration, but the fractal dimension decreases at high Cl− concentration because the corrosion complexity is interfered by the interconnection of corrosion holes due to the accelerated pit evolution.


Australian states are mandated to provide researchers access to public sector information (PSI) through three legislative mechanisms: Public Sector Information, Public Records and Freedom of Information. In theory open government is possible because digital technologies allow all PSI to be accessible. Thus, construction management researchers should be able to access public construction documents via government Internet sites. However, this pilot study of 30 road projects indicates a gap between theory and practice. An archival method was used to search the online procurement documents of three states; New South Wales, Western Australia and Queensland. The searches aimed to find the five commonly used road construction procurement documents that could be used by construction management researchers for comparative analysis. However, documentation for road projects could not always be found. Analysis of the search process and the type of procurement documents accessed indicates significant open PSI differences in these three states. Discussion of the application of the three types of public sector information access legislation is one way of making sense of the variability of access to EOI, EIA, RFP, RFT, and Contract procurements documents via an open PSI in a system within a multiplicity of states and departments.


This study sought to determine if participation as a musician or an athlete had an effect on academic achievement as measured by standardized test scores. It was hypothesized that students who received training as musicians would score higher on the core battery composite of reading, language, and mathematics sections of the California Achievement Test than their athletic and non-musician peers, and that the amount of time spent (years of music study or athletic participation) would have a significant effect on test scores. Subjects were 346 students who performed in the band or the choir, were athletes, or were nonparticipants in either music or athletics. Data were collected from 1991 through 1995 (grades 5 through 9). Results show that although the mean scores for musicians were higher than nonmusicians/nonathletes, participation in music was not a conclusive factor in predicting statistically higher academic scores than those of nonmusicians and nonathletes. Musicians did score higher than the athletes did, and over time this gap widened. Findings indicate that factors other than enrollment in a performing music class were affecting the outcome. The schools represented in this study reflected a cross section of different types of music programs. Results also indicated an overall drop in standardized test scores in the ninth grade that was not seen for student musicians. Two appendixes contain data tables for the study. (Contains 9 tables and 41 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Impact of Music Education and Athletic Participation on Academic Achievement Timothy W. Schneider, Ph.D. The University of Southern Mississippi Jack Klotz, Ph.D. The University of Southern Mississippi U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) VI-his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 1 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) A paper presented at the annual meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association in Bowling Green, Kentucky, November 13-17, 2000


In this paper,3 taxa, Pteris cretica L.Mant. var. nervosa (Thunb.) Ching et S. H. Wu. Asplenium tripteropus Nakai and Dryopteris sericea C.Chr., of pteriophyte from Shanxi, North China are described. They are first reported to this province.


Mercury is a toxic metal used in a variety of substances over the course history. One of its more dubious uses is in dental amalgam restorations. It is possible to measure very small concentrations of this metal in the urine of exposed subjects by the cold vapor atomic absorption technique. The present work features the validation as an essential tool to confirm the suitability of the analytical method chosen to accomplish such determination. An initial analysis will be carried out in order to evaluate the environmental and occupational levels of exposure to mercury in 39 members of the auxiliary dental staff at public consulting rooms in the city of Araguaina (TO).


In this study, conventional head-end processes of spent TRISO fuel have been reviewed to develope more effective treatment methods. The main concerns in the TRISO treatment are to effectively separate the carbon and SiC contained in the TRISO particles. The crush-burn scheme which was considered in the early stages of the development has been replaced by the crush-leach process because of problems as a second waste being generated during the process. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome in the reported processes. Hence, innovative thermomechanical concepts and a molten salt electrochemical approach to breach the coating layers of the TRISO particle with a minimized amount of second waste are proposed in this paper and their principles are described in detail.


This article reveals the problem of age dynamics of social competence of adolescents and young adults in rural secondary education, due to trends in modern society, internationalization and globalization, economic transformation in the country, social reality and the main ideas of education reform; shows the need for the formation of social competence in students of rural educational institutions, which is associated with the need of young people for self-determination, the desire for self-affirmation, self-improvement; identified: the main indicators of social competence of the adolescent – responsibility; adequate self-esteem, consistent with the level of claims; formation of positive motivation for learning; possession of means of communication; formation of empathy, acceptance of social roles and high school students – adequate self-esteem; values of learning; formation of communicative skills; responsibility; formation of motivation to achieve and socially significant value orientations; self-esteem, self-acceptance, reflection; revealed the age dynamics of the formation of social competence of students by motivational (motives, needs, empathy, values of learning), cognitive (role flexibility, knowledge of personal characteristics, knowledge of norms and rules of interaction in society, goal setting), operational and behavioral, communication skills, possession of the means of organizing their behavior, social behavior skills), reflective (responsibility, self-esteem, social responsibility, conflict regulation, self-control, self-realization, adequate self-esteem, consistent with the level of claims) indicators.


The concentrations of glucose and fructose in the portal vein and femoral artery were determined after gastric instillation of sucrose to six adult baboons. The animals were then given a high sucrose


PURPOSE: To provide the two-frequency common use antenna without sacrificing the gain and the beam width at a limited location and able to attain high speed scanning for two bands simultaneously. CONSTITUTION: This antenna is provided with a 1st microstrip antenna 31 formed by forming a metallic foil of a prescribed shape and size onto a dielectric base and operated for a 1st frequency band, a 2nd microstrip antenna 32 formed by forming metallic foils of a prescribed shape and size onto a same face of the dielectric base at an interval by which no undesired lobe is produced when beam scanning is implemented for a 2nd frequency band different from the 1st frequency band. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


The biographer's art is much in evidence this year, particularly in three impressive volumes detailing the lives of essential though often unheralded authors. The South features prominently in critical analyses, with questions being asked about how the region was defined and redefined throughout the period and about how it has served as both a literary and a critical category. Studies of Stephen Crane and Charlotte Perkins Gilman are fewer in number than usual, with W. D. Howells, Charles Chesnutt, Kate Chopin, Frances Harper, and Frank Norris each receiving roughly the usual amount of coverage. Historicism and attention to history, always a hallmark of scholarship in this period, are well represented.


A person's foot is wearing a white and orange athletic shoe is seen in the foreground. To the right in the background is a red and white cooler and to the left of the foot in the background is a boy seated ion the ground drinking from a juice box and behind him are some female soccer players in uniform.


CT imaging is one of the primary diagnostic tools utilized in modern radiology departments. Current stateof- the-art spectral CT imaging systems have been implemented using advanced x-ray source and/or detector technologies that have enabled image objects to be rapidly scanned using two distinct x-ray spectra (i.e., different effective beam energies). In this paper, we study the possibility to extract the encoded spectral information from the measured data when a single polychromatic x-ray spectrum is used to acquire data using an energy integration detector. Based upon our physical analysis, a physics-based deep neural network architecture, termed the Deep Spectral Imaging Network, was trained to demonstrate the feasibility of achieving spectral CT imaging using an energy integration detector and a single-kV acquisition.


Robert J. Hall, MD ince the beginning of time, man has been fascinated by the heart. The medical disciplines that deal with the heart have a history of questioning established concepts and introducing new scientific ideas and instruments based upon them. Beginning with the Egyptians and the Greeks, and evolving to the Europeans and eventually to the Americans, the heart's influence over medicine has never waned. In ancient history, only the intrepid dared probe the heart, which was thought by many to be the seat of the soul. In recent history, courageous and skilled physicians have unraveled many, but not all of the heart's mysteries. Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is the nation's number one killer; we can now treat it, but much more work is needed before we will be able to prevent it. This review highlights some of the advances, notes some remaining controversies, and speculates on future trends in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.


The application restrictions of DV-Hop are broken through starting from its model.According to the principle of total least squarest,he location problem of sensors is studied in wireless sensor network when the anchor node location infor-mation exists errorsa,nd more general results are obtained.In the simulation scene with size 100×100,100 sensor nodesc,om-munication radius 30m,Gaussian noise variance 1 and the ratio of anchor node less than 8%t,he simulation demonstrates that this approach can improve the location accuracy of WSN significantly.Its average location accuracy increases by 20%~ 30% than the original method.The two methods tend to have the same accuracy when the ratio of anchor nodes is greater than 8%.


To determine the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis and associated systemic manifestations in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3000 patients, including 1872 males and 1128 females were evaluated with mean age of 30.99. The study population was classified into three groups: gingivitis, chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. Subjects with aggressive periodontitis were further classified into localized (LAP) and generalized (GAP) groups. Based on the Hospital anxiety and depression scale study subjects were classified into non case, borderline case and case. Forty four patients were diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis of which 25 were LAP and 19 were gap. Prevalence rates of fatigue was 20% (LAP) and 15.78% (GAP); weight loss was; 4% (LAP) and 10.52% (GAP); loss of appetite was 8% (LAP) and 15.78% (GAP). The distribution of anxiety scores in LAP group was 44 % (Noncase), 28% (Borderline) and 28% (Case). The distribution of anxiety scores in GAP was 31.5% (Noncase) 31.5% (Borderline) 37% (Case). The distribution of depression scores in LAP group was 68% (Noncase) 20% (Borderline) 12% (Case). The distribution of depression scores in GAP was; 57.89% (Noncase); 21.05% (Borderline); 21.05% (Case). The prevalence of aggressive periodontitis was 1.5% in Moradabad district. The localized form was more common than the generalized form. The frequency of systemic manifestations such as fatigue, weight loss and loss of appetite was significantly greater in aggressive periodontitis. Significant co-relation between anxiety/depression and aggressive periodontitis was observed.


Abstract : This paper considers the problem of state estimation for discrete systems with parameters which may be switching within a finite set of values. In the general case it is shown that the optimal estimator requires a bank of elemental estimators with its number growing exponentially with time. For the Markov parameter case, it is found that the optimal estimator requires only N squared elemental estimators where N is the number of possible parameter values.


The study focuses on the Investigation and analysis of open access journals of access and dissemination of scholarly communication in research activities for medical science. The aim of the Directory is to increase the visibility and ease of use of open access scientific and scholarly journals thereby promoting their increased usage and impact. This article is discuss define open access and dramatic growth of Indian open access journals of medical science. It benefits the scholars and the libraries, they should work together to bring open access journals to the mainstream.


The two traditional methods to measure the thickness of OSP final finish are introduced in this paper. The advantages and the disadvantages of these methods are also briefly discussed. Then according to the working principle, this paper focuses on introducing the convenient methods of FIB to measure the thickness of OSP final finish. By means of poor wettability failure case study, the advantage of the innovation method compared to the traditional methods is introduced in this paper. And the study will present an innovative idea for poor wettability failure analysis on the OSP final finish PCB.


Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia (AISA) has been proposed to be a disorder of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The hallmark of mitochondrial iron overload may be attributable to a respiratory chain defect leading to impaired reduction of ferric iron (Fe3 +) to ferrous iron (Fe2 +), which is essential to the last step of mitochondrial haem biosynthesis. In a 71‐year‐old patient we identified a point mutation in one of the two mitochondrial transfer‐RNAs coding for leucine (tRNAleu(CUN)). The mutation involves a G → A transition in the anticodon loop, immediately adjacent to the anticodon triplet (mtDNA position 12301). The mutated guanine is highly conserved in a wide range of species. The mutation is heteroplasmic, i.e. there is a mixture of normal and mutated mitochondrial genomes (ratio c. 50:50). Heteroplasmy of mtDNA is not found in normal individuals, but is a typical feature of mitochondrial cytopathies. The point mutation was present in the patient's bone marrow and whole blood samples, in purified platelets, and in the granulocyte/erythrocyte pellet after mononuclear cell separation by density gradient centrifugation. The mutation was not found in T‐ and B‐lymphocytes isolated by immunomagnetic bead separation. It was also absent from buccal mucosa cells and cultured skin fibroblasts. This pattern of involvement suggests that the mutation occurred in a self‐renewing myeloid stem cell of the CFU‐GEMM type.


This paper introduced the circuit principles and experimental methods for changing an old AC radio receiver into an AM broadcasting experimental machine. By doing this experiment and corresponding exercises, students can consolidate their theoretical knowledge,enlarge their scopes of knowledge, and imporve their abilities.


The report relates to the occurrence of casts in the urine following operation under magnesium sulphate-ether anesthesia, in a series of five cases observed by Drs. Meltzer and Peck at the Roosevelt Hospital. Three cases showed hyaline casts in the urine which disappeared after 48 hours and did not reappear. One of the three showed a faint trace of albumin; the other two, no albumin. Two cases showed hyaline and granular casts and a trace of albumin, one persisting for six days, one for two days or more, being normal on the fifth day. None of the cases showed any later evidence of kidney irritation. In all of the cases magnesium could be demonstrated in the urine for several days. In none of the cases were casts present in the urine before operation.


Students with disabilities have greater success when teachers have high expectations, use evidence-based practices, and design engaging learning experiences. Educators and other professionals often disagree about how to create such environments for students with autism, especially during small group academic instruction. This study evaluated the effects of interactive reading materials using visual cues and music on the engagement behavior of six students with autism. Results from an ABCAC reversal design indicated an increase in students' engagement with the use of interactive reading materials in comparison to traditional read-alouds. Directions for future research and important implications for classroom practice are discussed.


Currently,the systems of scaffoldings of highrise buildings have a great variety of styles.The height of highrise building has been the key factor for optimum selection of its scaffolding.Detailed analyses of steel consumption and construction cost of scaffolding have fully demonstrated that which kind of scaffolding would be the most favourable choice and consequently the most practical and economical one.


Message Passing Interface (MPI) has been the de-facto programming model for scientific parallel applications. However, data driven applications with irregular communication patterns are harder to implement using MPI. The Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming models present an alternative approach to improve programmability. OpenSHMEM is a library-based implementation of the PGAS model and it aims to standardize the SHMEM model to achieve performance, programmability, and portability. However, since OpenSHMEM is an emerging standard, it is unlikely that entire applications will be re-written with it. Instead, unified communication runtimes have paved the way for a new class of hybrid applications that can leverage the benefits of both MPI and PGAS models. Such unified runtimes need to be designed in a high performance, scalable manner to improve the performance of emerging hybrid applications. Collective communication primitives offer a flexible, portable way to implement group communication operations and are supported in both MPI and PGAS programming models. Owing to their advantages, they are also widely used across various scientific parallel applications. Over the years, MPI libraries have relied upon aggressive software-/hardware-based and kernel-assisted optimizations to deliver low communication latency for various collective operations. However, there is much room for improvement for collective operations in state-of-the-art, open-source implementations of OpenSHMEM. In this paper, we address the challenges associated with improving the performance of collective primitives in OpenSHMEM. Further, we also explore design alternatives to enable collective primitives in OpenSHMEM to directly leverage the designs available in the MVAPICH2 MPI library. Our experimental evaluations show that our designs significantly improve the performance of the OpenSHMEM's broadcast and collect operations. Our designs also improve the performance of the Graph500 benchmark using by up to 57%, with 4,096 OpenSHMEM processes.


Subgraph matching is a fundamental operation for querying graph-structured data. Due to potential errors and noises in real-world graph data, exact subgraph matching is sometimes inappropriate in practice. In this paper we consider an approximate subgraph matching model that allows missing edges. Based on this model, approximate subgraph matching finds all occurrences of a given query graph in a database graph, allowing missing edges. A straightforward approach is to first generate query subgraphs of a given query graph by deleting edges and then perform exact subgraph matching for each query subgraph. In this paper we propose a sharing-based approach to approximate subgraph matching, called SASUM. Our method is based on the fact that query subgraphs are highly overlapped. Due to this overlapping nature of query subgraphs, the matches of a query subgraph can be computed from the matches of a smaller query subgraph, which results in reducing the number of query subgraphs that require expensive exact subgraph matching. Our method uses a lattice framework to identify sharing opportunities between query subgraphs. To further reduce the number of graphs that need exact subgraph matching, SASUM generates small base graphs that are shared by query subgraphs and chooses the minimum number of base graphs whose matches are used to derive the matching results of all query subgraphs. A comprehensive set of experiments shows that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art approach by orders of magnitude in terms of query execution time. key words: graph database, approximate subgraph matching


1. The establishment of riparian plants is determined by abiotic conditions and grazing, although it is usually presumed that the former are most important. We tested the impact of aquatic grazers ...


The method of differential-difference equations is used to investigate the case in which each arrival to a system of two queues joins the shorter queue, or, if they are of equal length, one particular queue. In case each person must remain in the queue which he originally joins, relations are obtained between the asymptotic state probabilities. If queuers are permitted to change queues whenever it seems advantageous to do so, the formulation is simplified, and explicit expressions are obtained. Language: en


This paper presents the implementation of an active balancing technique for the management of four Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) cells of high capacity, connected in series (4S1P), which can replace the classical Lead-Acid battery of a vehicle or can be used in other 12 volts applications. The use of a Battery Management System (BMS) has major advantages, preventing overcharging and discharging of cells, reducing voltage imbalances between cells, and prolonging the service life of the pack. The developed active BMS is based on a transformer with the primary winding powered from the battery pack and the secondary winding switched to the lowest charged cell using relays. The measured parameters (voltages, current, and temperature) are displayed on a LCD and transmitted through an USB interface to a computer. The measurement results show that the proposed BMS can successfully balance the battery pack at 1.3 A, and up to a voltage imbalance of 2 mV.


APOE ε4 allele is an established risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and hypercholesterolemia. However, its association with metabolic and genetic risk factors related to glycation is not clear. We tested the hypothesis that, apart from high plasma cholesterol, APOE ε4 carriers may also have higher advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and total soluble extracellular domain of RAGE (sRAGE) and that these biomarkers may be modified by the common Gly82Ser (G82S) polymorphism (rs2070600) in the RAGE gene. To test this, we measured these biomarkers in 172 healthy cognitively normal individuals, of which 32 were APOE ε4 carriers and 140 non-carriers. APOE ε4 carriers showed higher levels of cholesterol (p< 0.001), glyoxal (p< 0.001), fluorescent AGEs (p< 0.001), Nε-carboxymethyllysine (p< 0.001) and sRAGE (p= 0.018) when compared to non-carriers. Furthermore, sRAGE was also higher in those that did not carry the A allele of the RAGE gene that codes for serine instead of glycine (p = 0.034). Our study indicates that APOE ε4 carriers have a greater propensity to glycation than non-carriers which may further increase their risk for diabetes and dementia. The increased sRAGE levels in APOE ε4 carriers suggests a defensive response against AGEs that may be further influenced by the RAGE G82S polymorphism.


Abstract This paper introduces a method to improve the design procedure of axiomatic design theory (AD) with Extenics. A comprehensive review of the AD indicates that the powerful principle of AD has been widely studied and applied to many areas, however, inexperienced practitioners of the AD theory still find it difficult to follow or apply the principles in their design which inadvertently often leads to misunderstanding and skepticism. The lack of definitive descriptions for all the elements and specific approaches to guiding the mapping process restricts the development and application of AD theory. This paper improves the design procedure of AD with Extenics. The elements in AD domain are expressed by basic-elements of Extenics, and the formulations are generated. The mapping process based on AD and Extenics is developed. The improved design procedure provides designers with a theoretical foundation based on the logical and rational thought process, meanwhile the solution space can be expanded and innovative designs are inspired. Based on the proposed design procedure, a computer-aided system is developed, which makes the complex and fuzzy design activity clear and easy to follow by filling in the blanks in a step-by-step manner. An example of a novel corn harvester header design scheme is considered to illustrate the validity of the improved design procedure.


In 1953, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) introduced its first production model of a large-scale computer---the IBM 701 Data Processing Machine. Since that time, the company has engineered and delivered a number of major data processing systems, each designed to meet certain business and scientific requirements.


This article will provide counselors with creative skills and techniques to use when working with children who function as language brokers. Children who language broker are utilized by their family to interpret and translate information within a new culture. Narrative therapy could appropriately be used with individuals who have undergone such a life transition; however, children who language broker may find it difficult to express their feelings through words. Therefore, incorporating creative therapies into the counseling process can be valuable in aiding expression. Utilizing creative therapies in conjunction with narrative therapy helps children tell their stories more clearly, thus raising their awareness and ultimately encouraging improvements in familial relationships. This paper will outline the use of mixed media to create "altered art," which involves taking an object and modifying it in an artistic way as a form of self-expression. This specific process used shoes as a symbolic medium, to facilitate the ability of children who language broker to tell their stories and to navigate their roles and transitions. This article is limited to a review of literature and a single group case study of refugee children who function as language brokers. Further research is needed with formal measurements and within other cultures and environments.


Nanofibres are useful in many areas due to their outstanding characteristics: small size and high surface-to-volume ratio. Recently, drug delivery systems using polymer nanofibres have gained significant attention. For these systems, a chopped nanofibre is required because the amount of drug released depends on the length of the fibre. Electrospinning is the simplest method of fabricating polymer nanofibres. In the process, a high voltage creates an electrified jet which eventually becomes a nanofibre. The jet ejects when a high voltage is applied and vice versa. It is therefore possible to fabricate and chop nanofibres by controlling the value of the voltages applied. In this research, an IGBT-based pulsed power supply has been designed and built. The IGBTs are connected in series to increase a withstand voltage. The power supply can produce square pulses with a width of a few hundred microseconds to DC and amplitudes up to 10 kV. The technique of non-continuous-mode electrospinning using the pulsed power supply was able to fabricate and chop nanofibres with PEO. The minimum pulse width that can initiate a jet is approximately 80 ms in this study. A jet is always ejected during the pulse-on voltage when the duty ratio is more than 40%.


Erosion at the dam toe due to potential to kinetic energy conversion of the outlet release is a complex yet fascinating engineering challenge. The energy dissipation due to flow separation at sharp cornered geometries affects the flow stream and causes the lower velocity at the dam's toe. To date, many of the conventional dam engineering techniques consider the dam toe as the examination point. In this research, by the use of OpenFOAM numerical model, the water flow in the spillway chute is modeled. The velocity profile of the chute flow in three different crosssections is considered for the same outlet boundary conditions. The effect of geometry on kinetic energy (velocity) reduction has been studied in order to find a trend for this type of energy cascade. Simulation results show that lateral eddies form due to generation of translatory waves and aeration processes in trapezoidal and curved edge rectangular cross sections. While these type of cross sections might be of use from the energy dissipation perspective, the higher velocities may deliver higher stagnation or uplift pressures in cases of vertical offset on the spillway's slab (bed).


Customer's reviews play an important role in social e-commerce. It can help merchants establish word-of-mouth and adjust marketing strategies. Because of a large number of customer's reviews, it is difficult to analyze the sentimental polarities of the reviews in time. Aspect level sentiment classification is designed to identify sentimental tendency of the aspect in the sentence. In the previous works, averaged vector was used to represent the original vector usually, but it may lose information when the aspect has multiple words. In order to solve the aforementioned issue, we propose the Complementary Attention Network(CAN), which incorporates the average pooling mechanism, circular convolution method and circular correlation method to complement the information in the averaged vector. We evaluate our model on three datasets: laptop reviews, restaurant reviews and twitter posts. Experiments show that our model is advanced and have achieved excellent performance on multiple datasets. In specifically, we compare different variants of CAN model. The CAN model we proposed achieved better performance on three datasets, especially outperforming A-CAN(attention mechanism) by 3% on laptop reviews.


Fire accelerates soil erosion directly by affecting the infiltration rate of the soil. The heat intensity effects on infiltration of soils in Kwara State Polytechnic, Agricultural and Bio Environmental Engineering Technology farm site in Ilorin were investigated. Two infiltration equations (Kostiakov and Horton) adapted to ponded infiltration condition were evaluated for their ability to predict infiltration into the predominant soil. The double ring infiltrometer technique was used to generate infiltration data. The prediction of infiltration by the infiltration equations were compared with the observed data. The predicted values reflect fair to good agreement with observed values. While the overall performance rating shows the Kostiakov equation performing best.


There is a large body of literature devoted to the graph-theoretic modeling of searching in networks. Using such terms as cops, robbers, watchmen, searchers, and intruders, these works posit the movements of pursuers and evaders from one vertex to another in a graph G, not necessarily along edges, with the respective purposes of capturing the evaders and escaping the pursuers. Various assumptions on the mobility and knowledge of the pursuers and evaders, as well as various definitions of capture, determine the graph-theoretic parameter of primary interest: the minimum number of pursuers needed to guarantee the capture of all evaders regardless of the routes elected by the evaders for escape. In this paper, we analyze a model under which pursuers and evaders move simultaneously from one vertex to another along the edges of G, none of whom moves with infinite speed. Capture of an evader occurs if and only if the evader and a pursuer are within distance one. Denoting the indicated minimum number of pursuers under our model by w(G), we determine conditions under which w(G) is at least w(H) for H a subgraph of G. We consider the relationship between w(G) and various invariants of G such as girth and diameter. And we determine w(G) for G in various classes. JEONG-OK CHOI ET AL. /AUSTRALAS. J. COMBIN. 64 (3) (2016), 392–419 393


Through analysis the receiver force between elliptical head and cylinder at juncture location , the force and moment and stress in boundary region were calculated The result indicates that the boundary stress is constant negative value,under interior pressure it can improve the receiver force state in boundary zone Base on this discovery,as well as consider manufacture aspect factor , some proposal about setting skirt length of elliptical head were put forward


In this work, we have compared different linear methods to estimate the electron Bernstein current drive (EBCD). The expressions for the current drive efficiency have been plugged into the ray tracing code TRUBA, which was used in previous works for electron Bernstein wave (EBW) heating studies in the TJ-II stellarator. This device is taken here as an example for this comparison. The driven current is calculated for different densities and temperatures, as well as launching directions of the heating beam, which is a critical issue in the O–X–B mode conversion scenario considered in TJ-II. The range of applicability of each model is discussed. The influence of the Ohkawa, relativistic and frictional trapping effects on the total current generated is studied by comparing the results obtained by pairs of models that include and neglect those effects. The Ohkawa effect has resulted in being the least important. Although the relativistic effects are not negligible, the main disagreement between the results arises from including or not momentum conservation and neglecting frictional trapping effects. The total EBCD current drive efficiency calculated is in all cases greater than the experimental ECCD one, previously measured in TJ-II. The results presented in this work are the guideline for future experiments in this device.


Integration design of function and quality of the equipment development process is proposed,according to the introduction of design relationship between function and quality in the equipment development process,and analysis of several typical environmental stress influences to the equipment quality.Meanwhile,according to the influence of several typical environmental stresses to the equipment quality,the design measures should be taken in the development process and the quality management control method of development process is introduced,so as to ensure and improve the equipment quality.


Within the electronic CAD domain there exist several frameworks each with a different set of services, which results in the specific support of dedicated design activities. One of the most innovative framework systems is the JESSI-COMMON-Framework (JCF). In contrast to JCF, a widespread ECAD framework (called FMCAD) has nearly complementary goals: while JCF offers strong support for working with consistent data concurrently, the basic functionality of FMCAD heavily supports the designer. In order to combine the advantages of both frameworks, a new hybrid framework was developed by combining JCF and FMCAD. As described in the paper, this ultimate goal could not yet be reached, but the achieved results and experience with the existing prototype emphasize that this integration and encapsulation could be very helpful for future frameworks.<<ETX>>


The cell cycle is of major importance to human hair follicle (HF) biology. Not only is continuously active cell cycling required to facilitate healthy hair growth in anagen VI HFs, but perturbations in the cell cycle are likely to be of significance in HF pathology (i.e. in scarring, non‐scarring, chemotherapy‐induced and androgenic alopecias). However, cell cycle dynamics of the human hair follicle (HF) are poorly understood in contrast to what is known in mouse. The current Methods Review aims at helping to close this gap by presenting a primer that introduces immunohistological/immunofluorescent techniques to study the cell cycle in the human HF. Moreover, this primer encourages the exploitation of the human HF as a powerful and clinically relevant tool to investigate mammalian cell cycle biology in situ. To achieve this, we describe methods to study markers of general 'proliferation' (nuclei count, Ki‐67 expression), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labelling, cleaved caspase 3), mitosis (phospho‐histone H3, 'pS780'), DNA synthesis (5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine) and cell cycle regulation (cyclins) in the human HF. In addition, we provide specific examples of dual immunolabelling for instructive cell cycle analyses and for investigating the cell cycle behaviour of specific HF keratinocyte subpopulations, such as keratin 15+ stem/progenitor cells.


The dehydration process at ambient conditions (25°C and 70% relative humidity) of titania aqueous emulsions, was monitored using the photoacoustic technique. Titania was obtained by the sol-gel method, the powders were thermally treated from ambient temperature up to 700°C and dispersed in water to form an emulsion. The photoacoustic signal as a function of time, shows two dehydration stages which were parametrized as a sigmoidal curve. The mechanisms inducing the increase in the dehydration rate with the temperature pretreatment are discussed.


Tuning plasmonic extinction resonances of sub-wavelength scale structures is essential to achieve maximum sensitivity and accuracy. These resonances can be controlled with careful design of nanoparticle geometries and incident wave attributes. In the first part of this dissertation, plasmonically enhanced effects on hexagonal-arrays of metal nanoparticles, metal-hole arrays (micro-mesh), and linear-arrays of metal nanorings are analyzed using three-dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (3DFDTD) [1, 2, 3] simulations. The effect of particle size, lattice spacing, and lack of monodispersity of a self-assembled, hexagonal array layer of silver (Ag) nanoparticles on the extinction resonance is investigated to help determine optimal design specifications for efficient organic solar power harvesting [4]. The enhancement of transmission resonances using plasmonic thin metal films with arrays of holes [5] which enable recording of scatter-free infrared (IR) transmission spectra of individual particles is also explored. This method is quantitative, non-destructive and helps in better understanding the interaction of light with sub-wavelength particles. Next, plasmonically enhanced effects on linear arrays of gold (Au) rings are studied. Simulations employing 3D-FDTD can be used to determine the set of geometrical parameters to attain localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The shifts in resonances due to changes in the effective dielectric of the structure are investigated, which is useful in sensing applications.


Introduction History & Development Statutory Requirements Procedure Contents of a Typical Scheme Recognition Issues Third Party Releases Bondholder Issues U.S Issues Insurance Schemes Case Studies Precedents.


Flow curves of tidal breathing, vital capacity and maximum breathing capacity of a group of 27 normal subjects were obtained with accurate flowmeters. The harmonic and frequency content of these th...


Introduction: Effective perception of fear signals is crucial for organism survival. When threated, the organism indicates defensive behaviors. Methods: Elevated plus–maze has high efficiency for measurement of fear behavior and is widly used for fear behavior determination. Increase in two parameters; percent of openarm entries (%OAE) and percent of time spent in the open-arm (%OAT) in the elevated plus- maze were considered as the indexes of fear reduction effect. In this study, the effect of testosterone and naloxone on fear behavior of gonadectomized rats (GDX) was investigated. Also, the interaction of testosterone with naloxone was investigated. Results: Subcutaneous (SC) injections of different doses of testosterone (100, 200, 300, 450 µg /rat) increased the %OAE and %OAT in a dose dependent manner. Maximum response was obtained by 450 µg/rat dose of testosterone (P<0.001). SC injections of opioid receptors antagonist, naloxone 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 mg / kg reduced %OAE and %OAT (P<0.01) . Conclusion: It may be concluded that testosterone decreases fear behavior and naloxone increased fear behavior. Also the results indicate that there is an interaction between testosteone and naloxone (P<0.001).


The mosaic structure of a large copper single-crystal was determined experimentally with 0.03 A, radiation and found to be inhomogeneous. The influence of inhomogeneities on the diffraction process was studied computationally for the symmetrical Laue geometry as a function of the wavelength of the scattered radiation. The calculations were based on Darwin's theory of extinction. Zachariasen's extinction factor y was found to be a product of two factors, y′ and y′′: y′ ≤ 1 is related to the secondary extinction occurring in the crystal if the mosaic structure is assumed to be homogeneous, y′′ ≤ 1 represents the increase of secondary extinction due to certain inhomogeneities in the mosaic structure. In the investigated copper crystal y′′ is equal to 0.89 for y′ = 0.85, thus the relative error Δy/y in the extinction factor would be of the order of 12% if the inhomogeneities in the mosaic structure are not taken into account. The value of y′′ depends on the degree of inhomogeneity in the mosaic structure of the sample which has to be determined experimentally. The wavelength dependence of y′′ cannot be described by a simple law allowing for extrapolation to λ→ 0. Inhomogeneities cause a relative decrease of the peak reflectivity of about 20% for peak values smaller than 0.3. If the peak reflectivity approaches its saturation value of 0.5, the half width of the diffraction pattern decreases by approximately 30% with respect to the result of calculations where the inhomogeneities in the mosaic structure are not taken into account.


Since the Danjiangkou reservoir began to store water and run,water and sediment to the downstream reach has changed,resulting in the process of river transformation on the reach from Xinglong to Xinsigang and erosion of the bed.Based on the prototype observation data of the reach after construction of Danjiangkou reservoir,the silting and erosion of river bed of this broad-shallow and bend reach is analyzed.Combining with the moving characteristic of water and sediment,mechanism of shoal's navigation-obstruction is also explored.The result shows that,shoals on this reach change very fast and the navigation condition is poor because the reach is broad and shallow and the river bed has stronger mobility,especially after running of Danjiangkou reservoir,the river bed has been eroded a lot.Right now,the erosion is still lasting,however,the intensity has been weakened.The result also reveals that the shoal's navigation-obstruction has something to do with the velocity of water fall after flood: fast fall will result in navigation obstruction,and slow fall will not.


For computer aided diagnosis based on laparoscopic sequences, image segmentation is one of the basic steps which define the success of all further processing. However, many image segmentation algorithms require prior knowledge which is given by interaction with the clinician. We propose an automatic seed selection algorithm for segmentation of liver cirrhosis in laparoscopic sequences which assigns each pixel a probability of being cirrhotic liver tissue or background tissue. Our approach is based on a trained classifier using SIFT and RGB features with PCA. Due to the unique illumination conditions in laparoscopic sequences of the liver, a very low dimensional feature space can be used for classification via logistic regression. The methodology is evaluated on 718 cirrhotic liver and background patches that are taken from laparoscopic sequences of 7 patients. Using a linear classifier we achieve a precision of 91% in a leave-one-patient-out cross-validation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that with logistic probability estimates, seeds with high certainty of being cirrhotic liver tissue can be obtained. For example, our precision of liver seeds increases to 98.5% if only seeds with more than 95% probability of being liver are used. Finally, these automatically selected seeds can be used as priors in Graph Cuts which is demonstrated in this paper.


Objective: To observe the curative effects of shallow needling combined with Weizhong(BL40) bloodletting therapy on acute knee osteoarthritis(KOA). Methods: 82 KOA patients were selected from Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital from January 2013 to December 2013, and randomly divided into two groups according to lot drawing method. Patients in treatment group(42 caces) received shallow needling therapy combined with Weizhong(BL40) bloodletting therapy, and patients in control group(40 caces) received ordinary acupuncture therapy. The clinical curative effects and clinical symptom score of patients in the two groups were observed, and levels of hyaluronic acid(HA), C-reactive protein(C-RP), interleukin-1(IL-1), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinases-3(MMP-3) were detected. Results: 82 patients were enrolled, and 79 patients completed the treatment. Two cases from the treatment group and one case from the control group were dropped out. After the treatment, the effective rate in the treatment group and the control group was 92.45% and 88.0% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P0.05). The therapies of both groups could improve the scores of symptoms, decrease the levels of HA and C-RP in serum, and inhibit the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-3 in synovial fluid(P0.05). In the aspects of improving symptoms, reducing the contents of C-RP, IL-1 and IL-6, the curative effect of treatment group was superior to control one(P0.05). Conclusion: The curative effect of treating KOA patients with shallow needling therapy combined with Weizhong(BL40) bloodletting therapy was so much the better.


The interaction of acridine orange (AO) with heparin was studied by voltammetric method. In Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution (pH 2.3), AO showed a sensitive linear sweep voltammetric reductive peak at -0.94 V (vs. SCE). The addition of heparin into the AO solution caused a decrease in the reductive peak current without any change in the peak potential. The results indicated that a reaction occurred between the positively charged AO and the negatively charged heparin, which led to the decrease of the free AO concentration and subsequent decrease of the reductive peak current of AO. Under the optimal conditions, the decrease of reductive peak current of AO was proportional to heparin concentration in the range of 0.8-6.0 mg L -1 and the data reductive peak current were correlated as Aip"(nA)=807.58 C (mg L -1 )-542.51 (n=10, correlation coefficient y=0.995) and the detection limit was calculated as 0.13 mg L -1 (3 So/S). The new method was successfully applied to the determination of heparin content in heparin sodium injection samples with satisfactory results and good recovery. The interaction of the reactants was also confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometric experiments.


We report density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations on a novel organic ligand and a novel class of ruthenium complexes; cis-RuL2X2 with L = 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-bis ethyl ester phosphonate and phosphonic acid, X = Cl, CN or NCS. The calculations show that cis-configurations are more stable than the trans-counterparts. The DFT results have been used to help design such novel complexes for potential use as sensitizers. We demonstrate the opportunity to synthesize such complexes with high purity. The synthesis of these complexes relies on the preparation of the key intermediates cis-Ru(2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-bisdiethyl ester phosphonate)Cl2. These complexes were characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR, elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. The NCS complex shows the smallest optical band gap followed by the Cl and CN complexes, respectively, with the highest performance upon use as a sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells.


The title compound, C21H16N2O2, was synthesized by the reaction of 1-naphthol with malononitrile and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde in ethanol under microwave irradiation. A weak intramolecular C—H⋯π interaction is found.


Present work shows the merits of space vector modulation direct torque control(SVM-DTC) over the conventional direct torque control(conventional DTC). SVM-DTC technique is helpful in solving the basic issues of torque ripple and variable swithing frequency present in the conventional DTC. In order to get the reference voltage vector which is necessary for the SVM-DTC, this paper describes a method of controlling the torque of an induction motor using a hybrid fuzzy proportional integral(PI) controller. The speed control of induction motor is done by using the conventional proportional integral controller and the variable domain adaptive fuzzy controller. The adaptive fuzzy controller is designed by utilizing the adjustability of the contraction-expansion factor α on line and the adaptive law of factor β. The simulation results show, compared with the conventional SVM-DTC, the proposed algorithm can improve response speed and control precision, and reduce the torque ripple of the controlled system.


A study of the intake and digestion of lucerne and wheaten hays was made with Merino wethers offered chopped hay near ad libitum, ground hay at the same level as the chopped hay, and ground hay near ad libitum. These treatments were imposed to separate the effects of grinding per se from those associated with the increased intakes of roughages permitted by grinding. The following conclusions were reached: (1) Grinding permitted a substantial increase in food consumption on both diets. (2) Grinding per se of both hays produced little change in the relative importance of stomach and intestines as sites of digestion of any of the feed components studied. Grinding had no effect on the digestibility of lucerne hay but reduced that of wheaten hay, mainly by reducing the digestion of the cell wall constituents. (3) When both ground hays were offered near ad libitum, digestibility was reduced, mainly because of a fall in digestibility of the cell wall constituents. With lucerne hay, grinding increased the organic matter intake by 37% above chopped hay but the organic matter digested was increased by only 27%. By contrast, on wheaten hay an increase of 42% in organic matter intake on ground hay resulted in the digestion of only 18% more organic matter than on chopped hay. On both diets the relative extent of digestion occurring in stomach and intestines was similar to that observed with chopped hay. (4) On all three lucerne diets there was a net loss of 22–25% of dietary nitrogen from the stomach. By contrast, on the wheaten hay diets a substantial gain of nitrogen occurred during the passage of digesta through the stomach; the amount of nitrogen gained was independent of feed processing and feed intake. The crude protein apparently digested in the intestines was approximately 17% of the total organic matter digested on the lucerne diets and 10–12% of that digested on the wheaten hay diets. (5) Within diets the relative proportions of individual rumen VFA were the same on chopped and ground hay offered near ad libitum. (6) Grinding probably did not cause any change in the composition of the end products of digestion. (7) On the lucerne hay diets, 16–20% of the organic matter digested in the rumen was soluble carbohydrate, on wheaten hay approximately 40–50%.


This paper proposed a new background subtraction for static camera in pigpen after analying the faults of primary related methods.First initialized a background frame,and then executed symmetrical difference and background difference respectively.The state codes resulted from analyzing video was regarded as controlling condition of background updating and foregrounds fusing.Background updating was available for the foregrounds of existence or nonexistence under critical or gradual situations like illumination variation.The foreground fusion only drew the areas that contain both shadows and pigs.The shadows detection in parallel structure grouped criterion conditions.Finally,obtained the precise foregrounds of the current frame.Experiments show that this method is adaptive and computionally inexpensive,and favored the next intelligent video analyzing.


The increasing prevalence of Internet of things (IoT) technologies, smartphones, and social media services generates a huge amount of data, popularly known as 'big data'. Extracting useful information from big data is essential for many businesses and applications for providing better services and increasing their profits. For example, smart city solutions aim to use this wealth of data for formulating effective policies to solve the problems faced by citizens. These voluminous data are usually unlabeled, therefore, scalable and efficient unsupervised algorithms are required to manage and extract actionable information from big data. Cluster analysis is a useful unsupervised approach to discover the underlying groups and useful patterns in the data. Cluster Analysis for any data consists of three problems, (P1) cluster assessment, which asks "Do the data have clusters? If yes, how many?"; (P2) Clustering i.e., partitioning the data into clusters, and (P3) cluster validity, which asks "Are the clusters found useful? Is there a better one we did not find?" Traditional cluster analysis algorithms are not suitable for big data owing to its volume, variety, and velocity property. This thesis developed a suite of novel scalable algorithms to solve each of the three problems of cluster analysis, namely, cluster assessment, clustering, and cluster validity, for big data, that may be high-dimensional, anomalous and streaming. For demonstration, a novel scalable framework for predicting large-scale taxi trajectories is presented as a real application of big data clustering. Our first contribution addresses the high-dimensionality and scalability issues for soft clustering methods. Specifically, we developed a simple and computationally efficient framework for high-dimensional data clustering: CAFCM, which employs fuzzy c-means clustering on an ensemble of random projections to obtain multiple fuzzy clustering partitions, and then cumulatively aggregates them based on their quality to get a final output partition. The CAFCM framework scales linearly in the number of samples in the data and does not require any prior knowledge of


The paper shows the applicability of computer aided modeling to some sub-problems of electrochemical technology. The direct modeling of electrolytic coating technology involves solution of current distribution in a solvent, electrochemical dissolution, and shape of the electrodes. The presented method is applied to analyze distribution of a fluid stream, temperature distribution and concentration of ions in the electroplating cell. Two different methods of control of solution circulation are analyzed. Classification of the properties of these methods enables to qualify the extension of usability each of them in the electroplating technology. The spatial distribution of the velocity of electrolyte is discussed. Essential advantages of the presented method are its flexibility, and applicability to a wide range of electrolytic coating processes.


With the economic and social developments, the demand for higher quality displays has always remained strong. The emerging 8K displays represent an advancement of ultra-high resolution. Other parameters such as the contrast ratio and viewing angle were all improved significantly. Here, we would like to address the recent efforts in the color (color gamut) of displays toward an ultra-wide color gamut, which we call the 'color revolution'. In the past few years, fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots, quantum rods, fluorescent perovskite nanocrystals, and nanoplatelets with narrow emission have been discovered, and have been explored in display technologies as photoluminescent enhancement films, color convertors, or electroluminescent emissive layers. As a result, the color gamut of display technologies was broadened remarkably, enabling the color revolution. Here, we provide a review of this exciting progress iin the color revolution.


Joseite-B (Bi 4.08-4.14 Pb 0.02-0.03 Sb 0.00-0.04 ) 4.10-4.16 (Te 1.85-2.01 S 0.83-1.05 ) 2.84-2.90 and bismuthian tsumoite (Bi 1.11-1.40 Te 0.54-0.82 Pb 0.01-0.02 Sb 0.00-0.09 S 0.00-0.03 ) 2.00 from Tunaberg, Bergslagen, Central Swenden, occur in composite grains and in trails with native bismuth in galena-rich samples. Mineral textures suggest contemporaneous crystallization of native bismuth and the telluride mineral assemblage with the galena host, probably from Pb-Bi-Terich skarn-forming ore fluids. Cooling of Bi-Te-rich fluids below 350°C may have crystallized bismuthian tsumoite, which coexists with native bismuth only below 266°C


Learning and teaching programming would be beneficial to University students from any field. This is the motivation to establish a programming learning club at Curtin University, Sarawak, Malaysia. An advantage of a programming club is that participation in it would be motivated through the bonafide desire to learn rather than an extrinsic motivation . The club's constitution will be formed. The main idea behind this club will be to learn programming through learning and teaching, believing in the concept that one can learn more when one teaches. The club's instructors will facilitate the first training sessions. After finishing a programming module, a student will be encouraged to facilitate another training of the same module for a new set of students. Before a student can facilitate training, he or she has to add one page of material to the 'Lesson Notes'. After the training, the student facilitator, if so chooses can get feedback about his or her training from his or her students. Students will also be encouraged to form program development teams. A report at the end of the year will show the total classes taken and the success of the club's initiatives. The report would check if the computer programming knowledge of individual members has improved and it would check if students have started developing programs.


Schools have long been central to community-based alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) prevention programs. Schools are often the first resort when ATOD problems become obvious; policymakers, media, and citizens demand more comprehensive educational programs for students. These programs often focus on educating children when they are very young in the hope that they will learn to avoid the pitfalls of ATOD problems.


In traditional laparoscopic surgery, the laparoscope is handled by a camera assistant according to verbal instructions from the surgeon. Thus there is a strong need for a laparoscope holder who intuitively provides the appropriate view with excellent stability.


Obtaining an adequate fluid characterisation early in the life of a reservoir is becoming a key requirement for successful hydrocarbon development. This work presents and discusses a number of new fluid sampling and fluid characterisation technologies that can be deployed either down hole or at surface in the early stages of the exploration and development cycle to achieve this objective. Techniques discussed include methods to monitor and quantify oil-based mud contamination, gas-liquid-ratio (GLR) and basic fluid composition in real time during open-hole formation testing operations. In addition, we demonstrate the applicability of new surface analysis techniques that allow for rapid, accurate, and reliable measurements of key fluid properties, such as saturation pressure, gas-oil ratio, extended carbon number composition, viscosity, and density, on-site within a few hours of retrieving reservoir fluid samples at surface. Finally, prediction tools used to extend these limited measurements to a traditional PVT fluid characterisation are presented along with example measurements from all the techniques described. In conclusion, it is shown that the implementation of these techniques in a complementary program can reduce the risk associated with making key development decisions that are based on an understanding of reservoir fluid properties.


Foreword: My View of Imago (Randall C. Mason, Ph.D.). Acknowledgments. Introduction: A Theory of Relationality (Wade Luquet, Ph.D.). Part One: Perspectives of the Founders. 1. The Evolution of Imago Relationship Therapy: A Personal and Professional Journey (Harville Hendrix, Ph.D.). 2. Relationship as a Living Laboratory (Helen LaKelly Hunt, Ph.D.). 3. Conscious Marriage as Covenant (Helen LaKelly Hunt, Ph.D.). Part Two: Perspectives on Comparisons with Other Models. 4. Family Systems Theory and Imago Therapy: A Theoretical Interpretation (Randy Gerson, Ph.D.). 5. An Exploration of Imago Relationship Therapy and Affect Theory (Joseph Zielinski, Ph.D.). 6. Relationship Knowing: Imago and Object Relations (Stephen R. Plumlee, M.Div., Ph.D.). 7. Contemporary Psychoanalytic Relational Theories and Imago: Concepts for Relational Healing (Mona R. Barbera, Ph.D.). Part Three: Perspectives on Clinical Theory. 8. Imago, Relationships, and Empathy (Randall C. Mason, Ph.D.). 9. Imago, Relationships, and Empathy: A Response to Mason (Ted Smith, D.Min.). 10. Imago: A Theory and Therapy of Connectivity (Randall C. Mason, Ph.D.). 11. The Relationship Nightmare as an Expression of Disconnection (Randall C. Mason, Ph.D., Margaret Mason, Ph.D., and Mo Therese Hannah, Ph.D.). 12. Envy's Manifestation in Individuals and Couples: Implications for Imago Therapy (Bernard J. Baca, Ph.D.). 13. The Conscious Self in a Creational Paradigm (Sophie Slade, Ph.D.). About the Editors. About the Contributors. Index.


In order to understand violence against Indigenous Peoples in contemporary Brazil, it is necessary to start from a systemic and long-term analysis, considering the historical trajectory of vulnerability of these groups. When it comes to indigenous women, the situation is even more serious. In a context of the defense of territories and social exclusion, indigenous women have been subjected to perverse gender-based violence, such as feminicide, sexual exploitation, persons trafficking and aggression of other natures, which are accentuated as they affirm their political protagonism in defense of their peoples and their rights.


Urban populations are growing rapidly, particularly in West Africa and this has a major implication for the risk and control of malaria. In the city of Ouagadougou, knowledges about malaria transmission and its vector ecology is not sufficient for appropriate vector control measures. Three districts of the city of Ouagadougou were selected using a geographical approach that took into account the city heterogeneity. This approach was based on the analysis of the level of urbanization leading to urban and peri-urban sites. Timely adult mosquitoes and larva collection were done. Collected mosquitoes were identified and sorted by physiological status and genus. Blood meals sources and Plasmodium circumsprozoite Protein were assessed for anopheline mosquitoes. In total, 10158 mosquitoes including 7555 adults and 2603 larvae were caught. The population was composed of 71.9% of Culex spp., 22.2% of Aedes spp., 5.7% of Anopheles spp. and 0.2% of Mansonia spp. The majority of Anopheles specimens were caught in periurban area (66.7% for Yamtenga and 17.5% for Zongo); while only few anophelines were found in urban setting (Dapoya, 15.8%). Puddles and metal dishes were found to be the productive breeding sites for anopheline mosquitoes. The most important part of blood meal source were human (66.7%) with some being mixed blood meal. A large amount of undetermined sources (21.1%) were found in peri-urban area leading to some animals sources not recognized in our antigen set. Plasmodium infection rate was 08.05% with the infectious mosquitoes found to be more prevalent in peri-urban setting (91.7%) compared to urban area (8.3%). These data are crucial to assess the risk of malaria transmission in the city of Ouagadougou.


Abel, a lifelong friend of J. C. Bach, was in the center of London musical life in the early classical era. These symphonies illustrate the inception of symphonic form, particularly through the choice of movement types.


argument is made. Helga Schulz describes policies of Hohenzollern monarchs in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries as conscious efforts to develop Berlin as the impressive capital city of a centralized state. Michael Wagenaar and R. J. Morris argue that the visible hand of intervention emerged as a response to urban problems such as the noise, soot, stench, fire hazards, and traffic congestion associated with industrialization. Boudien de Vries also suggests that World War I, which made government interference necessary in many areas, broke down opposition to the visible hand in Haarlem (at least temporarily).


The hybridization of artificial immune system with cellular automata (CA-AIS) is a novel method. In this hybrid model, the cellular automaton within each cell deploys the artificial immune system algorithm under optimization context in order to increase its fitness by using its neighbor's efforts. The hybrid model CA-AIS is introduced to fix the standard artificial immune system's weaknesses. The credibility of the proposed approach is evaluated by simulations and it shows that the proposed approach achieves better results compared to standard artificial immune system. HE necessary of searching in solving applied problems is inescapable and yet difficult. This has led to existence of many searching algorithms with different notions and different scope of application. Artificial immune system algorithms are among metaheuristics used for clustering, pattern recognition and optimization problems. These algorithms lie under the optimization metaheuristic subcategory in which the biological immune system rules are used for optimization based on clonal selection and mutation (1-4). Slow convergence to the global optimum and instability in multiple runs are major drawbacks of artificial immune system algorithms. The stochastic nature of these algorithms makes the quality of the results to be very different in various runs. The behavior of an artificial immune system highly depends on parameters such as definition and probability of mutation operators, size of clone for each antibody, size of population and number of generations. Failure to define these parameters appropriately will lead the algorithm to be stuck in local minima. To overcome this problem, in this paper a novel approach is presented based on hybridization of artificial immune system and cellular automata in which antibodies employ cellular automata neighborhood instead of mutation operator to achieve best value. In addition, using cellular automata concept will initiate the implementation of parallel computing in artificial immune systems. In this paper, there is a concise review of artificial immune system in the first section. In the second section cellular automata is surveyed. Section three introduces the hybrid model of artificial immune


Abstract The thermal degradation of zirconia gels prepared from the hydrolysis of modified tetra-n-butoxyzirconium(IV) and subsequent peptization with nitric acid was studied by infrared emission spectroscopy. The colloid precursor was modified by equimolar addition of aliphatic acids to the alkoxide. Structural changes are readily observed byin situcollection of spectroscopic data of gels at elevated temperatures. Spectra were collected at 25°C intervals over the temperature range 100 to 650°C. Structural degradation of the zirconia gel is followed by selection of the appropriate spectral regions. Two bands are observed at 3802.5 and 3834 cm−1and are assigned to the zirconia hydrogen-bonded and non-hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl stretching vibrations. Five bands, which are assigned to water hydroxyl groups, are observed at 3506, 3422, 3404, 3284, and 3242 cm−1. The 3506 cm−1band is attributed to "free" water trapped in the zirconia gel. The intensity of this band decreases rapidly and approaches zero by 300°C. The three bands at 3422, 3404, and 3422 cm−1are attributed to water in the fixed layer of the zirconia gel. The band at 3242 cm−1is assigned to water coordinated to the zirconium in the gel. The spectra of both uni- and bidentate acetates are observed. A model for the decomposition of the zirconia gel is proposed based on the spectroscopic evidence.


Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the single most common cause of disability in older adults. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that is beneficial to a majority of patients suffering from OA. Still many are not able to access TKA because it is expensive. And yet despite advancement in technology that have driven increase in total costs of knee devices many aspects of these newer design and material components continue to be debated. Logic 1.0 is an all-poly, cruciate retaining total knee device that incorporates essential design features that adhere to basic principles of proven long-term results in order to lower down costs. It is potentially a cost-effective device to resource challenged patients without compromising on good clinical outcomes. Aim: To review the clinical outcomes for efficacy and performance of Logic 1.0 Total Knee System for the management of Osteoarthritis (OA), at a minimum of three years follow up. Materials and Methods: For this retrospective study, a review of clinical data of patients treated with Logic 1.0 Knee System whose age are 60 and older and who completed at least 3 years follow-up. Patients treated for OA were included while the patients who received the implant for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, burn-out TB of the knee and traumatic injury were excluded. The performance endpoint was defined as the absence of any revision TKA, absence of aseptic loosening, and absence of implant failure at three-years follow up. Secondary efficacy endpoint was to determine the clinical and functional performance of patients as per the American Knee Society Score (AKSS) Results: A total of 72 implants were followed up on 62 patients. Ten (10) patients who received bilateral knee replacements at index surgery. Thirty-five (35) implants were fitted in the left knee while 37 implants were fixed in the right. The study group is comprised of 22.5% men and 77.4% women with a male: female ratio of 1:3. The mean age of the patients was 69.4 years at index surgery. One (1) had revision for periprosthetic joint infection and one (1) had patellar instability resulting to a complication rate of 1.38% each. Performance at 3 years is 98.61% successful. A comparison of means AKSS using Student's T-test with significance at p<0.05 before surgery and after 3 years follow-up was done. Clinical AKSS improved from 48.46 to 94.29 (p value 0.0031) before TKA and at 3 years follow-up, respectively. Functional AKSS score improved from 44.99 to 93. 49 (p value 0.028) and range of motion likewise increased from 88.82° to 106.53° (p value 0.0350). Conclusion: The evaluation of Logic 1.0 Knee System for TKA in treating OA, at a minimum of three years follow up showed excellent outcomes in terms of performance (98.61%), increases range of motion of the knee, improved clinical results and enhanced functionality of patients. Citation: Catan R, Pastor NI, Fanlo C, Dimatingkal D, Sabal LA (2020) Logic is Enough: A Clinical Evaluation of All-Poly Cruciate Retaining Total Knee System for Treating Osteoarthritis Patients (Three-Year Follow up Study). J Orthop Res Ther 5: 1168. DOI: 10.29011/2575-8241.001168 2 Volume 5; Issue 03 J Orthop Ther, an open access journal ISSN: 2575-824


PurposeThe present study intends to highlight the issues and challenges pertinent to sanitation practices among urban slum women in India.Design/methodology/approachThe primary qualitative data has been collected from 100 households sampled by stratified random and purposive sampling through in-depth interviews, and a structured interview schedule and themes were developed accordingly.FindingsThe main theme-based results of the study included the challenges of open defecation in slums, public toilets as an alternative, sanitation-related stress in slum women, compromised state of health of women and children, menstrual hygiene among women in slums and increasing burden on women in terms of water management. The study recommends the creation of toilets in every slum locality with maintenance and awareness to be raised.Originality/valueUrban sanitation has received less research than rural sanitation. The present study focused on the issues of urban sanitation, which are often neglected. To ensure the study's uniqueness, researchers visited and mentioned each open defecation site to understand the situation.Peer reviewThe peer-review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-12-2022-0782


There are many criteria and models used to describe fracture of metal material,which lack rational description of fracture mechanism and variety law,and this can bring project utilization into trouble.The basis of a great deal of fracture experimental results of metal materials and starting from mesoscopic fracture mechanism of materials,some amendment and integrity are made for fracture criteria in the paper.Moreover,considering that the different stress states may lead to different mechanism fracture form for the same material,while their key factors are entirely different from variant fracture form,they are shown in the differences of tri-principle stress space as well as in the shapes of hanging limitation fracture facet,whereby the ideal fracture facet of metal material in principal stress space was given.Based on the above mentioned,the stress state of the certain point on the given material can be used to judge whether the strength of stress state on a certain point is safe or not.


The invention relates to a turbo decoder, comprising a first and a second inverleaver; a first and a second component decoder; and de-interleaver. The first inverleaver is used for receiving systematic code and doing data processing on systematic code to get interlaced systematic code. the first and the second component decoder respectively accord to systematic code, a first parity code and a first a-priori information to get a first extrinsic information; and respectively accord to interlaced systematic code, a second parity code and a second a-priori information to get a second decoding data. The second inverleaver is used for processing the first extrinsic information to generate the second a-priori information. De-interleaver is used for processing second extrinsic information to generate the first a-priori information, wherein, the first and the second extrinsic information respectively have essentially the same data form with the first and the second a-priori Information.


Abstract - The research aims to improve knowledge the letters hijaiyah to their students with hearing impairment use Monopoly Hijaiyah. The research is experimental research with pre-Experimental design using one group pretest posttest done in 2 boys and 1 female students with hearing impairment in VII class in SKh Al-Kautsar Cilegon city. The technique of the data is observation, test, and documentation. Learning media covered instrument physically used to convey the contents of the material both in audio or visual learning. Students with hearing impairment at the time learning process they would optimize the sense of vision, so the media had to pull the visuals and according to needs student with hearing impairment. Monopoly Hijaiyah is media learning wich was able to help students with hearing impairment to introduce in terms of show, mention and wrote hijaiyah letters. Design research used one group design pretest posttest. The data collected based on the results pretest and posttest processed using wilcoxon test. Based on the results of the testing hypotheses, so obtained Tcount=12 and based on the critical to wilcoxon test on the level og signifibation in 0,05 the amount N consisting of three students, so obtained Ttable = 0, Ho rejected. Thus hypotheses from research is accepted. On the research, obtained the conclusion that is in the use of Monopoly Hijaiyah to improve knowledge hijaiyah letters to studetns with hearing impairments. Therefore it is suggested that media was consideration for teacher to implemented in learning at the class.


Re-defining the notion of "world literature" has become a challenge especially after the fall of the USSR and the appearance of many literatures whose background and content, both historical and mental, are rather unknown to Western Europe. The purpose of this article is to show the contradictions and the shortages of the modern theoretical approach to the notion of "world literature", especially with regard to the socalled post-communist countries. This article examines Galicia, a historical region representing the problematics of an approach to new "world literatures". This article presents a number of the most representative case studies, which are analysed from the hermeneutical perspective. It shows that the "Western" theories trying to establish a new notion of "world literature" have a tendency to ignore the specifics and historical background of the so-called post-communist countries, observing the process of literature in one-way fashion "from West to East". The notion of "world literature", however, is more complex than that offered in modern theories. It requires an interdisciplinary multilingual and historical approach with a platform for the transfer of knowledge and know-how between "West" and "East". The mere accent on the shift of these literatures from a national to an international paradigm seems to fail to reflect the complexity of the problematics to the extent to which it is necessary to establish a new notion of "world literature". In my approach to discovering new structures of "world literature", public history has to be considered one of the most important key concepts.


• As of 16 February 2013, twelve laboratory confirmed cases of respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (novel CoV) have been reported to the World Health Organization (WHO). Six of the cases have been fatal and two others remain very ill. Onset of disease was between April 2012 and February 2013. • Three new confirmed cases have been diagnosed in the UK in the last ten days. The second and third cases were infected through human-to-human transmission although the exact route of transmission is still under investigation by the UK authorities. Human-to-human transmission may also have happened in two instances in the Middle-East. However, no sustained transmission or expanding clusters of infection have been identified in any country. • Close follow-up of approximately 200 health care workers (HCWs), family and other contacts of cases in Europe and the Middle-East have not yet found other demonstrated instances of human-to-human transmission. • The most recent UK case, a relative of the other two UK cases, had only a mild disease and has recovered quickly. The Health Protection Agency (HPA) is undertaking intensive follow-up of close contacts of these three recent cases to determine if there have been any further mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic infections. No further secondary cases had been detected by 18 February 2013. Depending upon these findings, case-finding strategies may need to be reviewed, which ECDC is currently considering. • ECDC supports recommendations of laboratory investigation for novel-CoV of patients with severe acute respiratory infection returning from the Arabian Peninsula and neighbouring countries as defined in the current WHO guidance. • Healthcare workers should be alerted to the need to identify patients requiring investigation following current WHO guidance. • Health professionals engaged in receiving medical evacuated patients from the Arabian Peninsula and neighbouring countries with any infectious respiratory condition should be particularly vigilant concerning the possibility of infection with novel-CoV. • Healthcare workers caring for patients under investigation for novel-CoV should exercise infection control measures following national or international guidance. • Contacts of confirmed cases must be monitored for symptoms for 10 days following the last exposure and informed what to do if they become ill. Healthcare workers caring for confirmed cases should be monitored for early symptoms of infection and advised to seek testing and thereafter self-isolate if they become unwell in this period. RAPID RISK ASSESSMENT


[Objective] The aim was to confirm the effect of temperature on growth of corn in Heilongjiang Province.[Method] Jidan 261,Jidan 505 and Longfeng 2 were chosen as materials,the effects of temperature on corn seed-seedling,emergence-tasseling,tasseling-maturation were studied.[Result] Different varieties water absorption quantity was different.The absorption rate reduced obviously at low temperature,seed soakage and absorption rate was affected by low temperature at seed germination.Grain grouting speed was affected by low temperature at the corn birth later period.Jidan 261 has strong cold tolerance,followed by Longfeng 2,Jidan505′s cold tolerance was worst.[Conclusion] The difference of absorption rate was different among varieties at low temperature,and it can take the seed water absorption rate at low temperature as cold resistance index of different corn varieties.


NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase (EC 1. 6. 99. 2) was purified form S. cerevisiae. The enzyme readily reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, a quinonoid redox dye, as well as substituted benzo- and naphthoquinones, and could accept electrons from either NADH or NADPH. The purified NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase turned out to be capable of reducing nitrosoarenes as well as a variety of quinones. A chemical-trapping technique using 4-chloro-1-naphthol was used to show that the N,N-dimethyl-p-benzoquinonediiminium cation was produced in the reduction of 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline catalyzed by NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase.


We present the results of a detailed study of the transversal geochemical zonation in the northern flank of the layered chromitites of the Main Saranovskoe deposit. The precision methods of chemical and mineralogical analysis of the core samples, as well as microprobe studies of chromite grains were used. The primary magmatic two level transverse zonation was established in the ore body. Zonation of the first level is characterized by decrease of Cr2O3 content along with ferrochromite and picrochromite minals, and increase of Al2O3 along with spinel and hercynite minals in the direction from the primary bottom of the ore body to the roof.  Zonation of the second level appears as a hidden stratification within the ore body. It is characterized by a sinusoidal change of the component contents in chrome spinel. Magmatic zoning is complicated by the superposition of two processes: 1) metasomatic metamorphism with the release of the secondary chromemagnetite from chromite and origin of chrome chlorite from primary silicates, 2) hydrothermal processes with the formation of uvarovite-calcite veins. The obtained data allowed to detail the process of chromitite generation and to propose a model of ore formation. It supposes two types of stratification in the deposit: rhythmic with formation of ore layers and hidden within ore bodies.


One of the analogies used by the Cappadocian Fathers and other early theologians to illustrate the doctrine of the Trinity was the social analogy in which Father, Son and Spirit were likened to three human persons. Beginning with Augustine however, Christian Theology, particularly in the Western Church, shifted away from the social to the psychological analogy. Augustine found analogies to the Trinity in all of creation but the clearest analogy to the Trinity, in fact its unique image, was the human soul. The divine image was not found in the union of three persons but in the unity of three activities, remembering, knowing, willing in the individual human soul. The social analogy reappeared in the twelfth century in Richard of St Victor's argument for the existence of three persons in God based on the premise that supreme charity required shared interpersonal love. Though some of Richard's insights were taken up by Bonaventura, the impact of his trinitarian theology was overshadowed by the dominant influence of Thomas Aquinas with his masterful use of the psychological analogy to probe and illuminate the inner being of the divine Trinity. Following Aquinas's further development of Augustine's psychological analogy, the interpersonal approach of the social analogy all but disappeared from subsequent trinitarian theology. Even with a later shift away from the Augustinian-Thomistic model, modern theology retained its unipersonal image of the trinitarian God.


ABSTRACT This paper addresses the cooperative adaptive consensus tracking for a group of multiple nonholonomic mobile robots, where the nonholonomic robot model is assumed to be a canonical vehicle having two actuated wheels and one passive wheel. By integrating a kinematic controller and a torque controller for the nonholonomic robotic system, a cooperative adaptive consensus tracking strategy is developed for the uncertain dynamic models using Lyapunov-like analysis in combination with backstepping approach and sliding mode technique. A key feature of the developed adaptive consensus tracking algorithm is the introduction of a directed network topology into the control constraints based on algebraic graph theory to characterise the communication interaction among robots, which plays an important role in realising the cooperative consensus tracking with respect to a specific common reference trajectory. Furthermore, a novel framework is proposed for developing a unified methodology for the convergence analysis of the closed-loop control systems, which can fully ensure the desired adaptive consensus tracking for multiple nonholonomic mobile robots. Subsequently, illustrative examples and numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate and visualise the theoretical results.


Foreign travel is usually thought to have been a desirable goal for Elizabethans eager to explore the ever expanding horizons of the known world. However, Thomas Nashe is one of a number of early modern English writers who represent travel in negative terms. Nashe launched an attack on the efforts of Richard Hakluyt to promote travel and exploration, principally because he was praised by Nashe's arch-enemy Gabriel Harvey. In Lenten Stuffe Nashe contrasts the waste and futility of overseas exploration with the benefit to the nation of the Yarmouth fishing fleet, and imagines his own journey into internal exile in the town in terms of a mock-heroic Homeric voyage.


Vocational training is one of the key goals in education program for normal students. The training skill of students majoring chemistry includes experiment skill, teaching skill and teaching-researching skill. The paper is about how to improve the experiment skill, teaching skill and teaching-researching ability by educational experience. The feasibility of in-post practice and replacement training is analyzed, and major problems occurring in the implementation would be discussed then appropriate measurements are proposed.


This paper analyses the effect of ICT technology of cow estrus detection which is necessary for Hanwoo breeding, on the number of calf-birth, market supply and demand, and farm household income. The results are as follows. The number of calf-birth increased by 2.3~11.3% after introducing ICT technology, the number of breeding heads increased by 2.8~13.8%, and the number of slaughter increased by 1.7~9.0% according to scenarios in 2025. Increased supply lowered male wholesale prices by 2.2~11.1% in 2025. Adopting new ICT technology incurred more price fall than sales increase which may lower farm income. However, considering cost decrease incurred by the new technology increases farm income by 2.7~9.8% in 2025. The adoption of smart-farm will not only increase production efficiency but also contribute to enlarge farm scale in the long term. However, there are various difficulties such as uncertainty of investment performance, difficulty for applying to small farms, and lack of standardization of smart farm devices. In particular, the government should pay attention to the industrial economic effects resulting from technology development.


A deep (> 2000m) borehole in the Sept‐Iles intrusion, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River, in Québec, Canada, was repeatedly logged for temperature. Systematic variations of the temperature gradient with depth are not correlated with the thermal conductivity. We interpreted the temperature profile as follows:


It is quite common that a physician stays with an advisor even though the doctor has clearly outgrown the expertise of the advisor.


The Upper Rio Grande and Pecos River basins in New Mexico have smaller water supplies in relation to projected demand than any other region of the United States [5]. As a result, the concept of augmenting water supplies by desalting saline groundwater has attracted wide attention as a means of stimulating economic development in New Mexico. Previous studies have, however, resulted in contradictory evidence of the feasibtlity of such projects [1, 5].


A lead frame is provided with: one metal plate (10) that has a terminal (15); and the other metal plate (50), which is bonded to the metal plate (10), and which has a mounting component (91) placed thereon. The metal plate (10) has: a first connecting section (11) that is connected to the terminal (15); a first extending section (12) that is provided at one end of the first connecting section (11); and a second extending section (13) that is provided at the other end of the first connecting section (11). The other metal plate (50) has: a pair of first sandwiching sections (62) that sandwich the first extending section (12); and a pair of second sandwiching sections (63) that sandwich the second extending section (13). As a result of the fact that each of the pair of first sandwiching sections (62) is extended by being pressed by means of a molding die (100) that is used at the time of sealing the mounting component (91) with a resin, gaps (G) between the first extending section (12) and the first sandwiching sections (62) are filled, and as a result of the fact that each of the pair of second sandwiching sections (63) is extended by being pressed by means of the molding die (100), gaps (G) between the second extending section (13) and the second sandwiching sections (63) are filled.


This paper proposes a compound control framework for non-affine nonlinear systems facing hysteresis disturbance. The controller consists of linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) and backpropagation (BP) neural networks adaptive control. BP neural networks are utilized to arbitrarily approximate the uncertainty nonlinear caused by the deviation of control parameter from its nominal value and LADRC is designed to real-time estimate and compensate the disturbance with vast matched and mismatched uncertainties including unknown internal system dynamic uncertainty and external hysteresis disturbance therein. Combining the adaptive neural networks design with LADRC design techniques, a new dual-channel composite controller scheme is developed herein whereby adaptive neural networks are used as feed-forward inverse control and LADRC as closed-loop feedback control. Furthermore, as compared with a traditional control algorithm, the proposed BP-LADRC dual-channel composite controller can guarantee that the desired signal can be tracked with a small domain of the origin and it is confirmed to be effective under Lyapunov stability theory and MATLAB simulations.


Bilayer graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition is successfully applied as a saturable absorber (SA) for the passive mode-locking of a Tm,Ho:CLNGG laser at 2093nm. Near transform-limited pulses as short as 70 fs, i.e., 10 optical cycles, are produced at a 89 MHz repetition rate with 69 mW average output power. To the best of our knowledge, these are the shortest pulses ever reported from graphene-SA mode-locked Tm, or Ho-lasers in the 2 µm spectral region, including bulk and fiber lasers.


Merged …rms are typically rather complex organisations. Accordingly, merger has a more profound e¤ect on the structure of a market than simply reducing the number of competitors. We show that this may render horizontal mergers pro…table and welfare–improving even if costs are linear. The driving force behind these results, which help to reconcile theory with various empirical …ndings, is the assumption that information about output decisions ‡ows more freely within a merged …rm. This induces a commitment advantage for the merged …rm.


Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative, non sporing, motile, aerobic bacilli cause of serious wound and surgical infections (Doggett, 1979). Infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequent amongst Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI). Further, acquired drug resistance is common in nosocomial isolates of Pseudomonas spp (Hemalatha et al., 2005). The mechanism of resistance to beta lactam antibiotics includes, the production of beta lactamase, reduced outer membrane International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 10 (2016) pp. 749-758 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com