The research explains and analyzes the most important digital methods that depend on graphic design of elements and icons. These help illiterate people comprehend shapes, words, letters, and numbers, which greatly affect the process of understanding the matrix and the information available through the applications which are used. These systems allow diversification and distribution of elements and spaces using colors and consider how the recipient perceives this information. Further, the research sheds light on the role of electronic games and other applications that have become an integral part of the information design process in a graphic form that follows modern rules and regulations in this field. The research presents foundations of designing educational applications, some samples of literacy applications and displaying samples of speech recognition and handwriting applications, the main requirements for designing an electronic application. Requirements. The research also identifies the problem in the form of questions, and the research continued the explanation to reach its goals, ending with several findings and recommendations.


The marine stern bearing provides supporting force by lubricating film to minimise the contact friction with the propeller shaft. A model considers local wear and asperity contact is proposed to investigate the mixed lubrication of bearing with misalignment. The finite difference method and over‐relaxation iteration method are employed to solve the average Reynolds equation. The lubrication behaviour includes hydrodynamic pressure, film thickness, contact force and friction coefficient were calculated. The influence of sliding speed, local wear, contact roughness, misalignment angle, elastic deformation and eccentricity ratio is discussed in detail. The critical speed from mixed lubrication to fluid lubrication is obtained by employing the Stribeck curve. Moreover, the dimensionless average hydrodynamic pressure, film thickness and the peak value of contact force are compared.


A stray capacitance testing structure of a memory is disclosed. The testing structure comprises a first pulse output terminal used for outputting first pulse signal and a second pulse output terminal used for outputting second pulse signal. The gate of a first PMOS transistor is electrically connected to the gate of a second PMOS transistor and is electrically connected to the first pulse output terminal. The drain of the first PMOS transistor and the drain of the second PMOS transistor are electrically connected to a power source terminal. The source of the first PMOS transistor is electrically connected to the drain of a first NMOS transistor and is electrically connected to a word line or a bit line of the memory. The source of the second PMOS transistor is electrically connected to the drain of a second NMOS transistor. The gate of the first NMOS transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor and is electrically connected to the second pulse output terminal. The source of the first NMOS transistor and the source of the second NMOS transistor are electrically connected to a ground terminal. The testing structure increases testing accuracy and the testing efficiency.


We report on the disk-averaged absolute brightness temperatures of Venus measured at four microwave frequency bands with the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor. We measure temperatures of 432.3 ± 2.8, 355.6 ± 1.3, 317.9 ± 1.7, and 294.7 ± 1.9 K for frequency bands centered at 38.8, 93.7, 147.9, and 217.5 GHz, respectively. We do not observe any dependence of the measured brightness temperatures on solar illumination for all four frequency bands. A joint analysis of our measurements with lower-frequency Very Large Array observations suggests relatively warmer (∼7 K higher) mean atmospheric temperatures and lower abundances of microwave continuum absorbers than those inferred from prior radio occultation measurements.


Objective:To investigate the self-esteem status of patients with ostomy and to find out the correlation of coping styles and self-esteem. Methods:A demographic data form,the State Self-Esteem Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were completed by 64 patients with ostomy. Results:The self-esteem of patients with ostomy was in a moderate level. The self-esteem had significantly positive correlation with age (r =0.38,P 0.01),the active coping style(r =0.45,P0.05),and significantly negative correlation with the passive coping styles(r =-0.24,P0.05). The self-esteem of retired or demission patients were higher than the patients who were on the job,71.83±7.95 vs 64.10 ± 8.28,the difference was statistic significant. Conclusion:Nurses should provide various interventions which could enhance the active coping modes and reduce the passive ones to improve the self-esteem of patients with ostomy and promote their physical and mental health.


Abstract. The work is devoted to the study of free vibrations taking into account the self-weight of vertical rod structures, which in the design scheme are reduced to a clamped-pinned rod. The research used the author's method, which is based on the exact solution of the corresponding partial differential equation of vibration with variable coefficients. For the given boundary conditions the frequency equation is written in dimensionless form and the method of finding its roots is determined. Determining the frequencies of natural vibration is reduced to finding the corresponding dimensionless coefficients from the frequency equations. Representing the vibration coefficient as a variable function of the dimensionless parameter that characterizes the mechanical system, and calculating the data set on the allowable range of parameter values, the vibration coefficient was approximated by a polynomial. As a result, the final formulas for calculating the vibration coefficient and, consequently, the natural frequency for a rod with any physical and mechanical characteristics are obtained. The calculation of the natural frequency of the steel catenary riser (SCR) reduced to a given design scheme is performed. When designing risers, among other things, the characteristics of the internal fluid flow, vibration of the equipment are taken into account. However, it is mandatory in the practice of dynamic calculations of structures to study the frequency spectrum of their nature vibrations. Because these constructions, as a rule, have quite large height, the question of the account of self-weight at their designing is rather important aspect. An example in which the author's method calculates the first three oscillation frequencies is considered. Comparing them with the known formulas for weightless rods, it was found that taking into account the self-weight decrease the value of the corresponding frequencies. The error of values for the first frequency is the largest and is 15%. The greatest difference between the corresponding natural frequencies, taking into account the self-weight, is achieved at the critical value of the longitudinal load, in terms of stability.


From a follower-centric perspective, we investigate the universal appeal of ethical leadership by examining when and how employee-perceived ethical leadership influences employee in-role performanc...


A model of the universe as proposed by Allen Rothwarf based upon a degenerate Fermion fluid composed of polarizable particle-antiparticle pairs leads to a big bang model of the universe where the velocity of light varies inversely with the square root of cosmological time, t. This model is here extended to predict a decelerating expansion of the universe and to derive the Tully-Fisher law describing the flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies. The estimated critical acceleration parameter, aoR, is compared to the experimental, critical modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) cosmological acceleration constant, obtained by fitting a large number of rotation curves. The present estimated value is much closer to the experimental value than that obtained with the other models. This model for aR(t) allows the derivation of the time dependent radius of the universe as a function of red shift Other cosmological parameters such as the velocity of light, Hubble's constant, the Tully-Fisher relation, and the index of refraction of the aether can also be expressed in terms of redshift. This is compared with the statistical fitting for Veron-Cetty data (2006) for quasar red shifts and good agreement is found. This model also determines the time and/or redshift dependence of certain electromagnetic parameters, i.e., the permittivity; the permeability ; and index of refraction of free space. These are found to be useful in various cosmological theories dealing with light passing through media in motion.


After over a decade of researcher anticipation for the arrival of persistent memory (PMem), the first shipments of 3D XPoint-based Intel Optane Memory in 2019 were quickly followed by its cancellation in 2022. Was this another case of an idea quickly fading from future to past tense, relegating work in this area to the graveyard of failed technologies? The recently introduced Compute Express Link (CXL) may offer a path forward, with its persistent memory profile offering a universal PMem attachment point. Yet new technologies for memory-speed persistence seem years off, and may never become competitive with evolving DRAM and flash speeds. Without persistent memory itself, is future PMem research doomed? We offer two arguments for why reports of the death of PMem research are greatly exaggerated. First, the bulk of persistent-memory research has not in fact addressed memory persistence, but rather in-memory crash consistency, which was never an issue in prior systems where CPUs could not observe post-crash memory states. CXL memory pooling allows multiple hosts to share a single memory, all in different failure domains, raising crash-consistency issues even with volatile memory. Second, we believe CXL necessitates a "disaggregation" of PMem research. Most work to date assumed a single technology and set of features, i.e., speed, byte addressability, and CPU load/store access. With an open interface allowing new topologies and diverse PMem technologies, we argue for the need to examine these features individually and in combination. While one form of PMem may have been canceled, we argue that the research problems it raised not only remain relevant but have expanded in a CXL-based future.


This article addresses problems of the use of knowledge and values incorporated in a type of ,recipe-literature' that entails tips and directives for maintaining classroom discipline, motivation of pupils, organization of teaching, etc. The recently proposed rehabilitation of this type of literature which in the past has been criticised by nearly all theories of teaching and instruction has initiated a new discussion about the pro's and con's of this literature. This article reviews the discussion about origin, use, and functions of recipes for the practise of teachers, the initiation of beginning teachers, and the development of a professional culture.


There appears to be mountains of literature and debate in relation to board diversity predominately with reference to gender, rather than a broader concept of diversity. It is the right time for boards to start to look at diversity as a holistic issue and prioritise the inclusion of members from different national origins, socioeconomic groups, educational backgrounds, variety of ages and gender.


The main aim of the study was to assess the practice of discharge procedure among the staff nurses and to prepare a discharge protocol to improve the nursing practice in psychiatric wards. Guidelines of practice with rationale were given through the protocol which included step wise procedure during the discharge of mentally ill patient. Objectives : To identify the practices followed by the nurses during the discharge procedure of mentally ill patient by an observation check list & To determine the effectiveness of protocol in terms of gain in practice score. Setting: Study has done in Father Muller Medical College Psychiatric ward in India. Method: An evaluatory approach with one group pre-test and post test design was adopted for the study. The data was collected by administering a structured observation check list by the investigator before and after implementation of protocol. Result: The result of the study showed there is significant difference in the mean pre-test score with mean of (5.2) and post-test (25.5). Conclusion: The result suggested that the protocol was effective in improving the practice of the staff nurses regarding the discharge procedure. Majority of staff nurses were not aware of the proper discharge procedure and the findings of the study support the need for protocols and educational programmes to improve the practice in staff nurses. Educating the staff nurses with new information can help them to educate the patient and the relatives to prevent complications and readmissions.


The emerging neuroscientific frontier of brain fingerprinting has recently established that human functional connectomes (FCs) exhibit fingerprint-like idiosyncratic features, which map onto heterogeneously distributed behavioural traits. Here, we harness brain-fingerprinting tools to extract FC features that predict subjective drug experience induced by the psychedelic psilocybin. Specifically, in neuroimaging data of healthy volunteers under the acute influence of psilocybin or a placebo, we show that, post psilocybin administration, FCs become more idiosyncratic due to greater inter-subject dissimilarity. Moreover, whereas in placebo subjects idiosyncratic features are primarily found in the frontoparietal network, in psilocybin subjects they concentrate in the default-mode network (DMN). Crucially, isolating the latter revealed an FC pattern that predicts subjective psilocybin experience and is characterised by reduced within-DMN and DMN-limbic connectivity, as well as increased connectivity between the DMN and attentional systems. Overall, these results contribute to bridging the gap between psilocybin-mediated effects on brain and behaviour, while demonstrating the value of a brain-fingerprinting approach to pharmacological neuroimaging. Author summary The trending field of brain fingerprinting focuses on characterising fingerprint-like idiosyncratic features of human functional connectomes (FCs), which have been shown to predict heterogeneously distributed behavioural traits. Here, we apply brain-fingerprinting methods to fMRI data from subjects who were administered the psychedelic psilocybin or a placebo. We find that, compared to the placebo condition, subjects under acute psilocybin effects exhibited more idiosyncratic FCs, with idiosyncratic features being largely concentrated in the default-mode network (DMN). Furthermore, we isolated an idiosyncratic FC pattern that predicted reports of subjective psilocybin experiences. This pattern was characterised by altered DMN connectivity, specifically by reduced within-DMN and DMN-limbic connectivity, and increased connectivity between the DMN and attentional systems. This work paves the way for exciting new research harnessing pharmacological brain fingerprinting.


Background: Standard treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) includes bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antibiotics, suplemental oxygen and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) when needed. The rate of NIV failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in critical AECOPD patients may be up to 63% (Squadrone E. et al. Intensive Care Med 2004;30:1303–1310). Specific markers for identification of patients at high risk for respiratory failure progression despite appropriate therapy, which would consequentially lead to IMV are still not well defined. The aim of the study was to identify those factors. Methods: 62 patients (40 man), mean age 68.4 (±10.4) years, admitted to respiratory intensive care unit due to AECOPD presenting with HRF were included in the study. Patients were treated with bronchodilatators, corticosteroids, antibiotics, suplemental oxygen, NIV as appropriate. Results: 14 patients had to be invasively mechanically ventilated. No significant difference was found among the patients needed IMV and those who didn't for arterial blood gasses on admission. IMV group had significantly lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit (p Conclusion: Anemia, hypoalbuminemia, higher white blood cell count and higher troponin T level have been found as significant prognostic factors for respiratory failure progression requiring IMV initiation. This data could help define patients who need the closest monitoring.


Computing loci of rank defects of linear matrices (also called the MinRank problem) is a fundamental NP-hard problem of linear algebra which has applications in Cryptology, in Error Correcting Codes and in Geometry. Given a square linear matrix (i.e. a matrix whose entries are k-variate linear forms) of size n and an integer r, the problem is to find points such that the evaluation of the matrix has rank less than r + 1. The aim of the paper is to obtain the most efficient algorithm to solve this problem. To this end, we give the theoretical and practical complexity of computing Gröbner bases of two algebraic formulations of the MinRank problem. Both modelings lead to structured algebraic systems.
 The first modeling, proposed by Kipnis and Shamir generates bi-homogeneous equations of bi-degree (1, 1). The second one is classically obtained by the vanishing of the (r + 1)-minors of the given matrix, giving rise to a determinantal ideal. In both cases, under genericity assumptions on the entries of the considered matrix, we give new bounds on the degree of regularity of the considered ideal which allows us to estimate the complexity of the whole Gröbner bases computations. For instance, the exact degree of regularity of the determinantal ideal formulation of a generic well-defined MinRank problem is r(n - r) + 1. We also give optimal degree bounds of the loci of rank defect which are reached under genericity assumptions; the new bounds are much lower than the standard multi-homogeneous Bézout bounds (or mixed volume of Newton polytopes).
 TAs a by-product, we prove that the generic MinRank problem could be solved in polynomial time in n (when n - r is fixed) as announced in a previous paper of Faugère, Levy-dit-Vehel and Perret. Moreover, using the determinantal ideal formulation, these results are used to break a cryptographic challenge (which was untractable so far) and allow us to evaluate precisely the security of the cryptosystem w.r.t. n, r and k. Our practical results suggest that, up to the software state of the art, this latter formulation is more adapted in the context of Gröbner bases computations.


The development of design art in China involves three phases: the shocks caused by foreign humanistic cultures,the blending of foreign cultures and local cultures and the revival pursuit of localized humanistic cultures.This return is conducive to the progress in design art from the perspective of humanistic cultures and beneficial to the involvement of design art education in practice.Besides,a foundation for localized humanistic cultures is laid.The demands for independence required by the improving economic globalization have solved the problem of independent design under the effect of international design culture process.Accordingly,humanistic knowledge functions as the solid foundation for design art,thereby ultimately establishing a design culture within its own cultural system.


this study investigates the process of price convergence in the ten new Eu countries of central and Eastern Europe. the analyses are based on panel data from 1995 to 2008 of the common currency price relative to the Eu15 average. the lagged income level exhibits little explanatory power toward relative inflation, while the lagged price level has some explanatory power. in the long term, the relative income and price levels are closely correlated, implying concurrent real and nominal convergence. Deviations from the long-term relation between income and price levels are gradually decreased by changes in relative inflation and GDp growth, but the process of convergence appears to be rather slow. in the short term, the capital inflows associated with current account deficits put substantial upward pressure on relative price inflation, while the Balassa–samuelson effect appears to be subdued. This study examines the process of price-level convergence in the ten Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries that joined the European Union in either May 2004 or January 2007. All ten countries experienced rapid real exchange rate appreciation during the period from 1995 to 2008 and their domestic prices converged Karsten Staehr is a professor of International and Public Finance at Tallinn School of Economics and Business Administration, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia. This paper was prepared for the conference "Economies of Central and Eastern Europe: Convergence, Opportunities and Challenges," June 14–16, 2009, Tallinn, Estonia. The author thanks Juan Carlos Cuestas, Aurelijus Dubus=inskas, Martti Randveer, and Lenno Uusküla for useful comments. The usual disclaimer applies. The views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the institutions with which he is affiliated. 03 staehr.indd 38 8/13/2010 9:29:22 AM sEptEmBEr–octoBEr 2010 39 toward West European levels through nominal exchange rate appreciation and/or high domestic inflation. Figure 1 shows the unweighted averages of two different real exchange rate measures for the ten new EU countries. (All data used in the paper were downloaded in December 2009. Detailed source references are available in Staehr 2010.) The measures are based on the gross domestic product (GDP) price index and the household consumption price index, respectively, both of which are expressed in a common currency and as percent of the corresponding EU15 average. The relative prices of GDP and household consumption grew substantially during the sample period 1995–2008, and this is reasonably seen as a trend towards EU15 price levels. It is also noticeable that the average real appreciation gained momentum after 2004, the year in which most of the countries joined the European Union. Coinciding with the process of price-level convergence, the new EU members experienced rapid income growth. Strong growth performance since the mid-1990s occurred amid low initial income levels reflecting the region's history of economic backwardness, decades of Soviet hegemony and the deep recessions after the dissolution of the command economies. The new market-based economies have exhibited high rates of economic growth, in particular in the period 2001–7. As a consequence, the gap in per capita GDP between the new and the old EU15 members has narrowed. Financial crises and other shocks have led to temporary setbacks. The global financial crisis that started in 2008 has hit the region particularly hard, Figure 1. GDP Price and Household Consumption Price in Common Currency, Unweighted Averages for the Ten New EU Countries source: Author's calculations based on data from Eurostat. 03 staehr.indd 39 8/13/2010 9:29:22 AM 40 EastErn EuropEan Economics but the medium-term growth prospects are unlikely to have been fundamentally impaired. Figure 2 shows indexes of per capita GDP level (in purchasing power terms) and GDP price level (measured in a common currency) for the ten CEE countries from 1995 to 2008 relative to the EU15 averages. The figure reveals a clear correlation between income and price levels over time, but it is also apparent that countries at various times have deviated substantially from that path. Most strikingly, for an extended period, the Czech Republic has had a lower price level than other new EU countries at comparable income levels. Another observation is that most of the data points are situated above the diagonal, signifying that the relative price level has generally been above the relative income level. Figure 3 is a cross plot of the per capita GDP level and the GDP price level for all EU countries except Luxembourg. A close relationship between the income level and the price level is apparent, and although the new EU countries have comparatively low income levels, they clearly follow the same overall pattern as the rest of the EU countries. The close correlation between the income and price levels depicted in Figures 2 and 3 suggests that the processes of real and nominal convergence are interrelated. A regression line through the data points of Figure 3 explains 87 percent of the crosscountry variation of the GDP price level. On the other hand, it is clear that there is sources: Author's calculations based on data from Eurostat and the World Economic Outlook database. Figure 2. Relative per Capita GDP and Relative Common Currency GDP Price Level in the New EU Countries, 1995–2008 03 staehr.indd 40 8/13/2010 9:29:22 AM sEptEmBEr–octoBEr 2010 41 no one-to-one relation between income and price levels. There is still substantial variation around the regression line. For instance, among the countries with a price level in the region of 70 percent of the EU15 average, the range of GDP spans from less than 60 percent to almost 80 percent of the EU15 average. The discussion above raises two main points. First, the price level in the new EU countries (when measured in a common currency) has increased rapidly since 1995, having started from a low initial level. Second, the price and income levels have been tightly correlated, both across countries at a given time and across time for a given country. These findings are broadly congruent to the stylized fact— found across a large number of developed and developing countries—that income and price levels are closely correlated (Ito et al. 1999; Kravis and Lipsey 1988; Wood 1998). This study uses panel data estimations to investigate in some detail the extent and speed of price-level convergence in the ten new EU countries from 1995 to 2008. One of the main issues addressed is whether the income level has substantial explanatory power regarding the process of nominal convergence, that is, whether relative price increases (real appreciation) can be considered an "inevitable" result of income (real) convergence? This question inspires the subtitle of the article. Another, related, issue concerns the importance of different factors that may affect relative inflation in the short term. The two main factors relating, respectively, to source: Author's calculations based on data from Eurostat. note: Luxembourg is not included. Figure 3. Relative per Capita GDP and Relative Common Currency GDP Price Level in Twenty-six EU Countries, 2008 03 staehr.indd 41 8/13/2010 9:29:22 AM 42 EastErn EuropEan Economics selected supply and demand factors are considered. The main supply factor in the literature is the Balassa–Samuelson effect stemming from differential productivity growth in nontraded and traded sectors. The main demand factor is arguably capital inflows stimulating domestic demand. An empirical analysis of these issues is important for several reasons. First, the price convergence process might lead to high inflation, which can disrupt the role of prices in signaling relative scarcities. Second, of the group of new EU members from Central and Eastern Europe, Slovenia and Slovakia, by 2009, had joined the European Monetary Union, while the remaining eight countries were still under an obligation to join the euro zone in the future. Membership is, however, conditional on an applicant country's satisfying the convergence criteria set out in the Maastricht Treaty, including nominal exchange rate stability and stable low inflation. Nominal convergence entails real exchange rate appreciation, which emerges as nominal exchange rate appreciation or domestic inflation, and may thus jeopardize the prospect of fulfilling the two Maastricht criteria (Dobrinsky 2006; Lewis 2009). Finally, the process of price-level convergence is linked to the external competitiveness of a country. In particular, excessive real appreciation may undermine the external competitiveness of the country affected, and possibly also make the country more vulnerable to financial instability (Fabrizio et al. 2009; Lommatzsch and Tober 2004). These issues feature prominently in policy debates regarding exchange rate and other policies in Central and Eastern Europe (Economist 2009; Zoli 2009). Relative Prices and Relative Income Levels The starting point for the analysis of price-level convergence is usually the theorems of purchasing power parity, which in turn are based on the concept of arbitrage trade (Froot and Rogoff 1995). Different countries having different price levels when measured in a common currency is tantamount to a rejection of absolute purchasing power parity (PPP). If the inflation rates measured in a common currency do not coincide, relative purchasing power parity does not hold. In other words, the issue of price-level convergence and common currency inflation differentials is closely related to the reason that the purchasing power parity theorems are not satisfied. The main building block of the purchasing power parity theorem is the law of one price, which states that the same traded product should be available at different locations at the same price (measured in common currency units). The underlying argument is that arbitrage will lead to e


Gate-all-around (GAA) devices have been characterized by current vs. voltage techniques after being exposed to 10-keV X-rays under a variety of bias conditions. Parameters such as mobility, oxide trapped charge, interface state density, and leakage currents were monitored. The SIMOX (separation by implanted oxygen) GAA device, which has no buried-oxide back-gate, suffers no contribution from traditional back-gate interface effects. The interface state density, as determined from subthreshold slope stretch-out at a 1 Mrad(SiO/sub 2/) X-ray dose, indicates radiation induced D/sub it/ levels of low to mid 10/sup 11/ Hash /eV-cm/sup 2/ for the variety of bias conditions applied. The observed degradation in mobility and interface-state density is a function of the specific gate-oxide process used and not inherent to the GAA process.<<ETX>>


Abstract This paper revisits the occupation of Iraq between 2003 and 2004. The focus of my analysis is the agricultural reforms promoted by the occupying power, the Coalition Provisional Authority, which aimed at the marketisation of agricultural production, at the enhancement of the position of multi-national agribusiness and in the total integration of Iraq in global food markets. More specifically, this article maintains that the aggressively neoliberal reform of Iraq's agriculture can be better understood as the extreme end of a wider spectrum of promotion of neoliberal state-building through international law and international institutions post-1990.


PURPOSE: An open porous electrically conductive nanocomposite is provided to obtain excellent electrochemical reaction and high discharge capacity without polarization and to be used for eco-friendly manufacturing an anode and a cathode. CONSTITUTION: An open porous electrically conductive nanocomposite is an electrode material for a cathode and an anode of a rechargeable lithium battery. The nanocomposite includes an electronically active material and an electrically conductive binder. The average particle sizes of the electronically active material and the electrically conductive binder are both 5-500 nm and are distinguished using a factor of 2.


Constrained-parameter optimization is used to perform optimal conceptual design of both canard and conventional configurations of a medium-range transport. A number of design constants and design constraints are systematically varied to compare the sensitivities of canard and conventional configurations to a variety of technology assumptions. Main-landing-gear location and canard surface high-lift performance are identified as critical design parameters for a statically stable, subsonic, canard-configured transport.


Infrared temperature measurement technology is widely used in aviation,medical and many other fields because it is convenient,rapid and accurate.A kind of non-contact thermometric program is introduced,infrared temperature sensor MLX90615 and single chip MSP430F149 are applied to achieve the functions.Single chip communicates with MLX90615 by means of SMbus,and the temperature datas read from the sensor are processed.The LCD module is driven to display the tested temperature.The emissivity can be set according to different measured objects to improve measurement precision.


The ultraprecision positioning is examined against the fine feed system utilized the elastic deformation of lead screws accompanying preload change in double nuts. The nonlinear deformation due to Hertzian contact of ball screw can ignore within a feed of 1 μm under adequate initial preload. The influence of load on table displacement of nanometer order is not observed in the range from 10 to 50 kg. The displacement obtained under increase in preload coincide well with the result under decrease in preload also. Feed control with preload change based on one to one correspondence of preload change and displacement is effective to avoid the hysteresis phenomenon of PZT actuator adopted as deformable spacing part between double nuts. Further, preload can use as a measure to detect table displacement in place of position sensor which sometimes shows unreliability owing to unstable situation in nanometer region. The minimum step feed deduced from preload change is 1 nm for sliding screw and 5 nm for ball screw.


Adhesively bonded steel patches present a novel approach to strengthen fatigue cracked steel bridges or similar structures. After the repair, the new weld is covered with an adhesively bonded steel patch, redistributing parts of the load and reducing the overall stress in the repaired structure. Unfortunately, this covers the weld permanently and therefore any form of direct, visual inspection is no longer possible. Hence arises the demand for a technical solution to reliably determine the condition of the repaired weld and its reinforcement. Fibre optic sensors using Rayleigh backscatter offer a spatial distributed strain measurement from which a deformation profile can be generated. This deformation profile allows to determine the load distribution between patch and structure and can be used to identify possible changes in the load distribution which can represent a change in the mechanical properties and therefore a possible defect. Having not only the information about the absolute value of the strain but also its distribution, the expected damage can be located and measured. The deformation profile also allows to separate different forms of failure for example a broken weld, adhesive failure within the patched area or sub surface migrating corrosion.


The focus of this article, using a juridical normatif and philosophical approach, is in tracking how Article 33 of the Indonesian Constitution is understood and how the Pancasila economic system (based on the five tenets of the State's ideology) is being implemented by a number of exisitng economic policies. While the Article should be regarded as the embedodiment of Indonesian economic policy, it cannot be denied that the understanding of  it evolved and changed following the 4thamendment to the Constitution. It is observed that the 4thamendment to the 1945 Constitution have had a great impact on the direction taken by the Indonesian economic policy makers.  In using a juridical normative approach we are forced to take the position that Pancasila economic system as found in the Constitution should be followed by the letter in real economic policy making. On the other hand, just to do that, we cannot but realize the need for the existence of government political will.


The following report refers to my research experience and it's based on the analysis of a residential placement for minors. Providing an overview on a qualitative research that refers to models such as the pedagogic approach of the clinical formation, the systemic approach and the psychoanalytic interpretation of the institutional field, the report aims at focusing on the fertility of clinical listening as a mental ability of the researcher to take in, and reflect, everything that is unconscious and belongs to the hidden background of the institution (the original myths and primitive affects feeding the imaginary of the institution). This archaic memory that has not been aggregated in evolved mental functions yet, plays a role in shaping the educative events in their effective carrying out, beyond the rational intentions, whether personal/group or related to the institutional mission. In the second part I will bring up part of the institutional biography, just as it was told by the coordinator of the placement, and highlight a few "pedagogic" questions emerged that, since then, have been directing us in our study.


This paper deals with the solution of the issue of exceeding the permissible levels for long-term flicker effect Plt in industrial distribution systems. Flicker effect in distribution systems is often exceeded as a result of the connection of electric arc furnaces, which exhibits high variable electrical power in-take. The article shows the benefits of measures on the steel plants, the distribution system operator and the transmission system operator. The main benefits were the installation SVC device and reconstruction of substation 220/110 kV to substation 400/110 kV. Measurements have shown that the flicker has a major impact and configuration system 110 kV. In some cases, exceeded values flicker effect, and therefore the final part of the article deals with the possibility of deployment of active filters low power. INTRODUCTION In industrial distribution systems power quality is frequently influence by nonlinear loads. One of the most frequent phenomena is flicker effect, which exceed the permissible levels. Flicker effect in distribution systems is often exceeded as a result of the connection of electric arc furnaces, which exhibits high variable electrical power in-take. These problems are often solved by the steel industries. Correct, however, resolving these issues involves three entities:  Steel mills  The distribution system operators  The transmission system operator All the listed entities are fundamentally involved in the formation of the undesired conditions. The problem with steel mills often lies in the absence of efficient filtration compensation devices, running non-optimized production equipment and also the absence of modern technologies in the production process. Distribution system operators often do not provide sufficient large amount of short-circuit current at the Point of Common Coupling as a result of improper configuration of network infrastructure and lack of HV lines. The problems caused by the transmission system associated with the operation of 220/110 kV substations, which have significantly low short-circuit power at the 400/110 kV substation. The problem may also be due to inappropriate design of the EHV / HV substation, which is due to the operation of only one transformer, which in turn reduces the short-circuit current. VOLTAGE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT To improve these situations, it requires the cooperation of stakeholders, which will be in gradual steps in order to contribute to the overall solution. Steel Mills Steel companies should invest in proper design of SVC devices with passive resonant harmonic filters. Positive results can be achieved with the optimum adjustment of the tap furnace inductors, thereby reducing the variability of power take-off. [Jayavelu* 4(7): July, 2017] ISSN 2349-4506 Impact Factor: 2.785 Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management http: // www.gjesrm.com © Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management [86] Fig. 1. Distribution system topology of case study. The EAF with the part of the distribution network with low short circuit power has been study. Distribution system topology is shown in Fig 1. The case study was done fot six different network conections. Switching states are shown in table I.The EAF has been equipped with the SVC and four passive filters tuned to the 2, 3, 4, 5 th harmonics. Measurement with different values of current, of short-circuit ratios at the PCC, of arc length and voltage ratios of the furnace transformer has been done to monitoring long-time flicker effect Plt. Switching state 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 C o n n ec ti o n 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 4 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 6 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Table I. – Switching states for studied distribution system. In order to illustrate the limits of regulation of flicker with the help of an SVC controlled by a classical regulator without a predictor we can show its Flicker Suppression Factor (F.S.F.), Fig. 2. The results show low Flicker Suppression Factor SVC for this supply system. From an analysis of flicker it follows that its regulation has a limit due to time delay Td in the regulation loop of SVC. F. S. F. for PID regulator of SVC F.S.F. (p.u.) Fig. 2. Flicker Suppression Factor for SVC in operation. [Jayavelu* 4(7): July, 2017] ISSN 2349-4506 Impact Factor: 2.785 Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management http: // www.gjesrm.com © Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management [87] Modifications of the technological processes lead to the result of relaxed Arcing. For example, the oxygen and gas burners, with the use of treated and preheat scrap steel or advanced control systems of electrodes. Lastly, measures should be deployed using active filter STATCOM with appropriate control strategy. The filter should respond to frequencies causing flicker effect. Distribution and transmission system operator The distribution system operators should systematically build the high voltage overhead lines with low impedance, and the possibility of parallel operation of several lines. The transmission system operator should despite today's popular unification proposal, should adapt the reconstruction of EHV/HV substation requirements of the area. The transmission system is currently moving away from the operation of 220 kV system and replace it with a system of 400 kV. This change brings a number of advantages:  Increasing short-circuit power  Increasing transmission capacity  Improvement of system stability  Decreasing operating power losses  Limiting of power quality problems  Unification of transmission system Let us focus on improving the quality of electricity, particularly flicker effect. Short-circuit power supplied by the 220/110 kV substation at the connection to the customer's electric arc furnace (PCC) was around 700 MVA. EAF under these conditions caused enormously high flicker. To improve substantially contributed deployment SVC, but the flicker effect level was still high. Figure 5 shows the measured values of short-term flicker effect, PST to power EAF of 220/110 kV substation. Values in place B represent point PCC. Fig. 3. Measurement of short-time flicker effect, point B represents PCC. Reconstruction of the 400 kV system brought significant increase in short-circuit power at PCC. Currently, the short-circuit power in PCC is in the range of 1200 to 2800 MVA MVA based on the configuration of 400/110 kV substation. Topology 400/110 kV substation and distribution system is shown in Figure 1. Table 1 shows the possible switching states involvement distribution system. For connection 1 and 2, there is no significant improvement in the short-term flicker effect. Connections 3-6 show a substantial improvement which has been achieved by the use of two 400/110 kV or parallel connection of 110 kV. The measured values of short-term flicker effect are shown in Figure 4 for all connections. [Jayavelu* 4(7): July, 2017] ISSN 2349-4506 Impact Factor: 2.785 Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management http: // www.gjesrm.com © Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management [88] Fig. 4. Measurement of short-time flicker effect for 400/110 kV substation suplyment. Typically, the problem arise because in a substation with two transformers with a common power output rating of 700 MVA, with the actual consumption rating 150 MW. In this case, efforts to operate only one transformer, due to the losses, but this may contribute to the enhancement effects of flicker in a larger proportion. Proliferation of flicker effect is inappropriate in the operation of both transformers, where one connection is problematic and the other transformer connected to consumers. Following figure 5 shows the comparison of measured long-term flicker effect values for studied variants. Fig. 5. Long-term flicker effect values for studied variants in PCC. Cooperation between Steel Mills, Transmission System Operator and Distribution System Operator helps to improve long-term flicker effect. Evaluated values are shown in table II. Measurement 220 kV 220 kV 400 kV System System + point System + SVC SVC Distributor subst. (110 7,4-7,5 4,2-4,3 1,15-2,1 kV) PCC (110 11,1-11,5 6,3-6,5 1,87-4,33 kV) Table II. – Long-term flicker effect evaluation. Applying these measures described, flicker effect problems in the distribution system, especially at low voltage level will be solved. In addition, the steel mills actions brought the improvements of production, higher productivity and lower power consumption per ton of steel. After applying the measures, the distribution systems meet the quality requirements of electricity in accordance with applicable legislation. Additional measures were taken to reduce losses and increase the flexibility and reliability of the distribution system. The level of flicker [Jayavelu* 4(7): July, 2017] ISSN 2349-4506 Impact Factor: 2.785 Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management http: // www.gjesrm.com © Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management [89] effect on the LV was managed to reduce the level of Plt ≤ 0.9. Measured values are shown in following figure 4. Fig. 6. Long-term flicker effect values for studied variants in low voltage level. OTHER POSSIBLE MEASURES Despite the implementation of strong measures the amount of long-term flicker in some circumstances exceed the permitted limits. As a modern solution would seem replacing the present SVC by new device STATCOM. Cost of construction equipment STATCOM are too high. Looks promising solution, which will be maintained SVC device to which it will be installed active filters low power. Possible active filter topology is shown in Figure 7. Low power active filter is technically possible by appropriate control strategies. Fig. 7. To


The rural field road in Chongqing hilly region could not adapt to the development of agricutural mechanization.Taking Dashi Town in Hechuan County as the research object,in this paper the pavement load fatigue stressand temperature fatigue stress theories were applied to optimize the pavement design of rural field road.The research result showed that the standard axle load of agriculture machine was 145 times per day and the cumulative action number of the standard axle load was 1 128 200.When the concrete pavement thickness of the rural field road is 0.18 m,the research for the pavement showed that the load fatigue stress(σpr) and the temperature fatigue stress(σtr) are 3.75,0.32,respectively,the numerical value rr(σpr+σtr) is 4.36,which is less than the flexural tensile strength.When the concrete thickness is 0.16 m,the load fatigue stress(σpr) and the temperature fatigue stress(σtr) are 4.42,0.12,respectively,and rr(σpr+σtr) is 4.86,which is beyond the flexural tensile strength.Consequently,it is concluded that the least thickness of cement concrete is 0.18 m,and the maximum is 0.22 m.At the same time,cement stabilized aggregates with size of 0.18m are used as the base material of road and rubbles with size of 0.20 m are used as the cushion material.So the road structure could preferably bear the comprehensive action from the load and temperature fatigue stress.


We have examined the effects of inelastic phonon scattering on the lead-to-lead current through a parallel-quantum-double-dot device to determine the persistence of coherence within the device. The tunnel-coupled double-dot system is taken to be symmetric and is threaded by Aharonov–Bohm magnetic flux. We show that at resonant values of the magnetic flux, when only the bonding or antibonding state is involved in transport through the double dot, the current–voltage characteristic changes drastically and the electron–phonon interaction has a pronounced effect on the level populations. However, it does not destroy coherence during the tunneling process through the system.


The halo-chaos beam transport network with small world(WS)and scale-free(BA) characteristics was constructed.Several synchronization control methods to realize the synchronization control of halo-chaos and three kinds of circuit schemes for secure communication were proposed and simulation tests were done.Based on the research of chaos complexity,we explore a new method of chaotic algorithm,and successfully develope a data cryptograph prototype,which was applied to telephone communication networks with computer on line experimentally.We also proposed a chaotic encryption system based on combination of chaotic encryption algorithm with traditional algorithm,achieved the hardware developed by FPGA Technology,and realized file encryption and decryption communication experiment on the internet.In the research on information hiding technique,the encryption information is hided in JPEG format images,and the hiding effect is good by testing and engineering application.


Herein is a method and kits comprising them, as well as a biomarker associated with the WNT signaling pathway. In addition, the present disclosure relates to the use of biomarkers in the treatment of the first, and select cancer patients and accompanying diagnostics.


Global competition is fierce. Especially, it is in the telecom market. It is a more and more difficult task for retaining profitable customers for a telecom company. In this paper, a retention system based on the customer intelligence is introduced. The system was successfully used for one telecom company in China to get 'how to' for effective retention.


The recent excavations at Villamagna (FR), Italy, have revealed the monumental remains of a monastery and abbey church of the tenth to thirteenth centuries, and the contemporary village where the monastery's estate workers lived. These were all situated within the ruins of a substantial imperial Roman villa known as Villa Magna, an ancient name preserved through the middle ages. These different structures of medieval Villamagna provide a pertinent case study to explore how the differing topography, construction technique and quality, and uses of buildings in a given community over time might have been experienced by the people who lived there and used them. Italian medieval archaeology, as a discipline and community of scholars, brings a Marxian approach to interpreting sites like these, and the assumptions brought to bear in Italian contexts might be usefully juxtaposed with the approaches of other subsets of our disciplines.


Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, mediated in the majority of cases by IgG1 autoantibodies targeting the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). As AChR autoantibodies have been shown to be pathogenic, therapies targeting B cells have been applied in patients with AChR MG for more than a decade. Recently, a phase 2 trial of the CD20-targeting agent, rituximab, in AChR MG unfortunately failed to meet its primary endpoint. Converging data however from non-randomized clinical series, some of which with more participants than the phase 2 trial, support efficacy of rituximab in AChR MG, especially early onset disease. In this opinion article, we summarize both clinical data and mechanistic principles on the use of CD20 depletion therapy in AChR MG, which we believe lend support to the argument that CD20 depletion can still be a useful therapeutic strategy for patients with AChR MG.


To obtain more energetic, safe propellants, with improved performance, better mechanical properties and low cost, new materials have been researched and tested. One of these materials is Methyl Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP). It can be used to make energetic and/or smokeless propellants as well as composite explosives with low sensitivity. GAP was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermal analysis.


Charge density waves with unconventional order parameters, for instance, with $d$-wave symmetry (DDW), may be relevant in the underdoped regime of high-${T}_{c}$ cuprates or other quasione- or two-dimensional metals. A DDW state is characterized by two branches of low-lying electronic excitations. The resulting quantum mechanical current has an interbranch component which leads to an additional mass term in the expression for the Hall conductivity. This extra mass term is parametrically enhanced near the ``hot spots'' of fermionic dispersion and is non-neglegible as is shown by numerical calculations of the Hall number in the DDW state.


This Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Philosophy document is intended to establish a future O&M vision, with an increased focus on minimizing worker exposure, ensuring uninterrupted retrieval operations, and minimizing operation life-cycle cost. It is intended that this document would incorporate O&M lessons learned into on-going and future project upgrades.


The shift of the energy of peak emission resulting from rise of the junction temperature in GaAs junction lasers during operation with a flat-topped current pulse is studied theoretically as a. function of time. The nature of this dependence is found to be in qualitative agreement with the experimental observation of such a dependence in GaAs 1-x P x junction losers as reported elsewhere. The effects of increasing doping and increasing amplitude of the current pulse on the time dependence of the energy shift are also studied. In addition expressions are derived for the maximum time duration of the output light pulse that can be obtained under the limitations of junction heating and the maximum possible shift in the energy of peak emission that may occur as a consequence of such heating.


Nowadays, the most current issue is the question of deficit and debt of individual countries, and not only in economic sphere. A general view has been created that the debt of some countries is beyond the means of repayment to its creditors; therefore the expenditures of governments are carefully monitored that are not vital at the moment. The aim of my thesis was to focus on the debt of individual countries, as well as on the general tendency of their increase. I was keen on the reasons of their origin as well as the tools that would reduce the debt to a generally acceptable level. The differences between the debt of developed and developing countries are quite large and now it appears that they generate great pressure on the country. They are expected to perform a penetrative debt reduction and a pursuit of balanced respectively, budget surplus. Such expectations mean major challenges for these countries, especially in periods when the economics is not growing at a pace at which we were accustomed to in the preceding period.


For the past ten years, various comprehensive models have been developed and implemented as contracted out in Spain. These models vary according to management, whereas others have evolved very positively over time to such extent that they have become practically the only conservation management models in Europe. This presentation developed such models, why they evolved and the experience of their application.


Wireless ad hoc networks are becoming a center of research interest for the last few years due to the promise of being self-configurable networks. Wireless ad hoc networks do not require predefined configuration and do not have fixed infrastructure. Ad hoc on-demand distance-vector (AODV) protocol is a well-known wireless ad hoc protocol that makes its routing decision based on the distance vector. Our newly introduced intelligent wireless ad hoc routing (IWAR) protocol makes its decisions based on the bandwidth, packet delay, error rate, and predicated node locations. This paper reviews the AODV protocol, presents the design of the IWAR protocol, and compares the performance of the two protocols


This research discusses the rice production in Delanggu in the
New Order Era during 1968 to 1984. Problems that will be raised is
how were the government strategis increasing the production of rice
in the field of research in Delanggu?


The author uses his own type 2 diabetes metabolic conditions control as a case study using the "math-physical medicine" approach of a non-traditional methodology in medical research. Math-physical medicine (MPM) starts with the observation of the human body's physical phenomena (not biological or chemical characteristics), collecting elements of the disease related data (preferring big data), utilizing applicable engineering modeling techniques, developing appropriate mathematical equations (not just statistical analysis), and finally predicting the direction of the development and control mechanism of the disease.


The high prevalence, incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer in Tobago would appear to strongly indicate that screening of this population would be justified and could positively impact on mortality. We consider our approach to be consonant with the recommendations of the EAU (Heidenreich A et al, 2013) and the findings of Hugosson et al, 2014)


This paper reports on a case study that aimed to identify key factors that influence students' motivation and capacities to self-regulate their learning in English in junior secondary school. The study focused on pedagogical and affective conditions through an analysis of (a) a group of year 8 students' perceptions of self-regulatory learning strategies in tackling a range of literacy tasks, and (b) organizational structures and teaching and learning processes in this curriculum area that supported the development of self-regulation. The paper concludes with some implications for future practices for teachers and students in this area of student learning. Introduction There is now far greater recognition of the complexity of interlocking factors that influence students' capacity to self-regulate their learning. Pintrich's and de Groot's (1990, p. 38) claim that students need to have both the 'will' and the 'skill' as key enablers of this learning remains compelling. However, research that builds on this foundational understanding has recognized that multiple developmental skills are required to achieve learner independence, and that the context (defined variously as cultural, curricular, pedagogical, and the organizational space of the classroom and school) impacts strongly on self-regulatory learning opportunities for students (Greene & Azevedo, 2007; Hadwin Wozney, & Pontin, 2005; Nair, 2002). In responding to this increasingly complex account of conditions that affect student self-regulation of learning, researchers have shifted focus from the needs of individual learners (effective motivational tasks or activities, and acquisition of explicit metacogntive learning strategies) to a broader view of affective and contextual factors that contribute to developing learner perspectives, capacities and scope for independence in learning. These include not just students' beliefs about their capabilities, and their views about what is worth learning, including volitional strategies to sustain effort (Corno, 2001), but also a focus beyond the individual learner to pedagogical, classroom and other contextual dimensions, such as domain-specific knowledge (Perry, 2002), peer pressure influence on motivation and effort (Sullivan, McDonough & Prain, 2005), possible co-regulatory strategies modelled by teachers to support this learning (Hadwin Wozney, & Pontin, 2005), and the broader organization of learning experiences (Boekaerts & Cascallar, 2006; Nair, 2002), where time, space, and appropriate learning experiences in a community of learners support self-regulated learning. There is also far greater acknowledgement of the key role of the teacher-student relationship and the identities student form from this relationship as crucial factors in all effective learning (Apple & Beane, 1999; MacBeath, 2006), including programs that seek to influence students' capacity to become more selfreliant. The study reported in this paper is part of a larger ARC project investigating factors affecting disengagement with middle years schooling in a regional setting. The project, titled WHOLE, examines this issue from multiple perspectives, including general pedagogical and social interventions, and well as specific initiatives in the key curriculum areas of English, mathematics and science. In this paper I present some preliminary findings of a case study that sought to develop students' self-regulatory capacities in an English class in Year 8 in one of the three schools in the project, as part of this multi-dimensional approach to addressing student disengagement. The paper focuses mainly on a case study of 11 students' responses to an English program over 11 weeks of schooling in 2008. Literature Review Following Fredricks, Blumenfeld and Paris (2004), researchers in the WHOLE project consider that engagement should be understood as a multi-faceted construct. From this perspective, engagement can be characterized behaviourally (strong participation in academic, social and extra-curricular activities), emotionally (affective ties with teachers, classmates and school), and cognitively (investment in effort to master complex problems and skills), with overlap across each area. Therefore, any attempt to increase student engagement with schooling necessarily faces complex challenges, both in terms of the scope for action and the expected role of teachers in promoting this variety of outcomes. While noting that diverse factors influence student effort at school, we consider, like many other researchers (Ames, 1992; Boekaerts, 1999; Grinsven & Tillema, 2006; Zimmermann, 2001; Zimmerman & Pons, 1988), that a key element in engaging junior secondary students is promoting their capacity to self-regulate their learning. An extensive longstanding literature from the 1980s and 1990s (Ames & Archer, 1986; Pintrich & De Groot, 1990; Zimmermann & Pons, 1986) has defined self-regulated learning as the development of independent learning skills. More recently this definition as broadened to include "multicomponent, iterative, self-steering processes that target one's own cognitions, feelings, and actions, as well as features of the environment for modulation in the service of one's own goals" (Boekaerts, Maes, & Karoly, 2005). At the same time, Boekaerts and Cascallar (2006), Hadwin et al, (2005) and others, have recognized the key role of learning environments in this mix of academic learning and the development of a sense of wellbeing, where teachers are crucial in determining what kind of self-regulatory possibilities learners are offered. More recently, Dweck (2000; 2002) asserted that students may enable or constrain their capacity to self-regulate learning because of beliefs they hold about their intelligence and the value of effort. She distinguished between students who view their intelligence as pre-determined, and who therefore view effort as superfluous, with students who believed that effort could lead to success. She considered that appropriate guidance and feedback by the teacher to students on the value of effort could have a positive effect on students' capacity to self-regulate learning experiences. However, despite this strong advocacy of the value of this capacity, teachers still struggle to provide learning experiences that support this learning capacity in students. In recent years researchers in this area have identified a range of strategies teachers can use, and classrooms environments they need to create, to promote this learning. There is broad agreement that students should have a sense of autonomy and responsibility for how and what they learn (Boekaerts, 1999; Boekaerts & Corno, 2005; Butler & Winne, 2005: Dembo & Eaton, 2000; Grinsven & Tillema, 2006; Tadich, Deed, Campbell & Prain, 2007; Winne & Perry, 2000), as well as self-efficacy in using and monitoring effective strategies for this learning (Perry, Phillips, & Hutchinson, 2006). For Boekaerts and Corno (2005) such strategies include motivational engagements, direct teaching of metacognitive skills, mentoring and apprenticeship-oriented work. Teachers should be less directive, and provide students with multiple opportunities for self-evaluation as a basis for developing selfregulatory learning strategies (Zimmermann, 2000, 2001). Tillema, Kessels and Meijers (2000) noted that such an approach shifts the teacher's role fundamentally from monitor and regulator of student learning to activator of learning opportunities. However, Perry (2002) also claimed that selfregulation is closely tied to domain-specific competencies, and therefore teachers needed to focus on fundamental concepts and structures in particular subjects if they were to provide appropriate guidance and feedback for students. Focusing on the learning environment, Hickey and Granade (2004) claimed that more flexible classroom organization, where students participated as a community of learners working on extended rich tasks, made students' self-regulatory learning opportunities more complex and challenging. Hadwin et al. (2005) argued that teachers are crucial in developing student self-regulatory learning capacities, with student self-regulation necessarily starting with co-regulation with teachers, where control gradually shifts from teacher-modelled and teacher-directed learning to more independent student decision-making processes. In this co-regulatory phase, students and teachers alternate between prompting and guiding roles, sharing understanding of the nature and demands of specific domain tasks. As instances of effective practice, Hadwin et al (2005) proposed that the teacher should explicitly focus on the language students might use to set task goals, to explain the strengths and weaknesses of these goals, asking students to decide what makes a goal good. The focus can then shift to strategies to enact these goals. Individuals within groups could then take on different roles, including reminding students to monitor and evaluate their progress, to check task parameters and purpose, and to share ideas and strategies for task completion. These proposals assume that students need to self-assess accurately their current effectiveness as a basis for identifying strategies to make them more efficient learners. Hadwin et al (2005) also noted the importance of the teacher establishing a shared language with students for talking about self-assessment and their learning strategies. The question of how to assess self-regulated learning has also received recent increased research attention (Boekaerts & Cascallar, 2006: Winne & Perry, 2000). Past trait-like measures of stable learner attributes have been replaced by a focus on assessing "what students are thinking, feeling, and doing while pursuing a learning goal" (Boekaerts & Cascallar, 2006, p. 207), as well as their reflections on these experiences. According to Boekaerts and Corno (2005) instruments currently used to assess various aspects of self-regulati


Abstract The Seychelles black parrot Coracopsis (nigra) barklyi, endemic to the Seychelles islands, is the only surviving parrot on the archipelago. Although originally classified as a subspecies of the lesser vasa parrot Coracopsis nigra evidence now indicates that the Seychelles population may be a distinct species, in which case its conservation status also requires reassessment. Here, we address the status of the C. (n.) barklyi population on the islands of its current and likely historical range, Praslin and Curieuse, assess the effect of habitat type on relative abundance, and identify the most appropriate point count duration for monitoring the population. We conducted point count distance sampling at 268 locations using habitat type as a covariate in the modelling of the detection function. Density on Praslin was estimated to be 0.14–0.24 individuals per ha, resulting in an estimate of a total of 520–900 individuals (95% confidence interval). The highest densities occurred in endemic palm and mixed forests. Habitats with a high proportion of palms were more likely to support parrots than habitats without palms. As no parrots were detected on Curieuse the number estimated on Praslin is the global wild population. The small size of this population necessitates its categorization as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Our main recommendation for the conservation of C. (n.) barklyi, in addition to continued monitoring, is the preservation and expansion of the parrot's endemic palm forest habitat.


An electroencephalograph (EEG) tracks and records brain wave sabot. A little size of Metal discs called electrodes. It is connected with wires and used to collect electrical impulses in the brain. Afterward, collected signals forwarded and store using a computer application. Analysis of Stress Levels in a human while performing different tasks is a challenging problem that can be utilized in healthcare systems and applications. In the proposed system, a new technique for band power selection using Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) from EEG channels and using various type of machine learning classification algorithm like Random Forest(RF) Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Linear Regression(LR) validated using accuracy. In the performance analysis, an accuracy of 78.6% is achieved using RF which is higher than other tested machine learning models.


Early, accurate diagnosis of disease can dramatically improve prognosis. Clinical diagnostic model research attempts to optimize early diagnosis by designing diagnostic models based on variables obtained by the least invasive means. Diagnostic model research currently involves a complex, multidisciplinary workflow involving data collection by clinicians on the one hand, and data preprocessing and machine-learning by machine-learning experts on the other. Due to the traditional lack of integration between software packages used in this workflow, preparing data for analysis can require considerable manual effort. Following data extraction, data have to be inspected for conversion issues. The absence of information about a Case Report Form (CRF)'s structure in extracted data further requires manual guidance during preprocessing. As a result, data analysis is typically only performed once, after the data set reaches a certain predetermined size, based on rules of thumb or Monte Carlo simulations. This thesis presents the Clinical Data Miner (CDM) software framework, which integrates data collection, data preprocessing and machine-learning in a single platform. This integration eliminates the error-prone, time-consuming steps of preparing data for analysis, and enables the automation of preprocessing steps that rely on information about a CRF's structure. The increased automation streamlines the diagnostic model research workflow. With its built-in functionality for generating learning curves, it furthermore provides study coordinators insight into how predictive performance evolves as patient set sizes grow. This allows them to make an informed decision about whether to continue or terminate data collection, thereby respectively avoiding both the creation of weakly performing models, as well as unnecessary data collection. Thus, as Electronic Data Capture (EDC) has done for patient data collection, the CDM software framework's functionality should improve the efficiency of diagnostic model studies.


577 Background: The aim of the study was to examine the prognostic and predictive significance of PI3K, AKT-1, mTOR, and PTEN mRNA expression and PIK3CA mutations in patients with operable high-risk breast cancer.

METHODS
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue blocks were available from 279 out of 595 operable high-risk breast cancer patients enrolled in a phase III clinical trial of E-T-CMF vs E-CMF. Updated clinical data were retrospectively used in the present translational research study. RNA was isolated followed by kinetic one-step quantitative RT-PCR for assessment of the expression of PI3K, AKT-1, mTOR, and PTEN. Mutations (E542K, E545K and H1047R) in the helical (exon 9) and the kinase (exon 20) domains of the PIK3CA gene encoding the catalytic p110 subunit of PI3K were investigated with custom Taqman SNP genotyping assays in 223 tumor DNA samples from the patient population enrolled in this study.

RESULTS
The two groups were well balanced concerning their basic characteristics except for grade (p = 0.015). The vast majority of hormone receptor positive patients (92%) received tamoxifen for 5 years, with LHRH analogs for premenopausal patients. The distribution of AKT-1 values was bimodal and therefore the 25th percentile was a natural cut-off. The median was used as a cut-off for all other genes. Mutations of the PIK3CA gene were detected in 51 patients (23%) (E542K in 8, E545K in 17 and H1047R in 26 patients). After a median follow-up time of 97 months, 93 patients (33%) had relapsed and 65 (23%) had died. High PI3K mRNA expression was associated with significantly shorter DFS (p = 0.044), irrespectively of the treatment arm. Multivariate analysis showed that high PI3K mRNA expression was an adverse prognostic factor for OS (HR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.16-3.94, p = 0.015) and DFS (HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.09-2.68, p = 0.02), while PIK3CA mutations negatively affected OS (HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.07-3.95, p = 0.031). None of the other genes assessed was found to be of prognostic significance.

CONCLUSIONS
High PI3K mRNA expression and PIK3CA mutations appear to be of adverse prognostic significance in patients with high-risk operable breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Various teaching methods for programming courses teaching are adopted by different schools, most of which put emphasis on the regulations of some programming languages. According to the theory of modern education , combining the teaching experience of our school, some teaching reformation ideas have been proposed, the tenet is that the emphasis of the programming courses teaching should not be put on the regulations of some programming languages but the training of students' ability. Teaching should focus on the theme of how to use computer to solve practical problems to make students command the programming thought of solving practical problems and enhance the ability of practice and innovation.


Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV‐1) subtype B is predominant in Spain. However, the recent arrival of immigrant populations has increased the prevalence of non‐B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV‐1 subtypes and transmitted drug‐resistance mutations in blood donors from the Catalonian region (northeastern Spain).


Introduction: The proliferation of literature regarding the COVID-19 pandemic has served to highlight a wide spectrum of disease manifestations and complications, such as thrombotic microangiopathies. Our review with a brief case presentation highlights the increasing recognition of TTP in COVID-19 and describes its salient characteristics. Methods: We screened the available literature in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from inception until April 2022 of articles mentioning COVID-19-associated TTP in English language. Results: From 404 records, we included 8 articles mentioning data of 11 patients in our review. TTP was predominantly reported in females (72%) with a mean age of 48.2 years (SD 15.1). Dyspnea was the most common symptom in one third of patients (36.6%). Neurological symptoms were reported in 27.3% of cases. The time to diagnosis of TTP was 10 days (SD 5.8) from onset of COVID-19. All 11 cases underwent plasma exchange (PLEX), with a mean of 12 sessions per patient, whereas 6 cases received Rituximab (54.5%), and 3 received Caplacizumab (27.3%). One patient died from the illness. Conclusion: This review of available literature highlights the atypical and refractory nature of COVID-19-associated TTP. It required longer sessions of PLEX, with half of the patients receiving at least one immunosuppressant.


Purpose. Measurements of unique hues and L to M cone ratios were used to evaluate variations in the color-opponent sites with eccentricity and among individuals due to differences in: 1) spectral sensitivities of the cone photopigments; 2) the relative numbers of L, M, and S cones; and 3) neural mechanisms. MstfaoflSi Foveal unique yellow and L to M cone ratio were measured for 10 color normal individuals. For two observers, L to M cone ratio and unique yellow, blue, and green were measured at the fovea and at eccentric locations (nasal 2, 7, 28 deg and temporal 2, 7, 17, 28 deg). S cone numerosity at each location was estimated on the basis of anatomical results (Curcio et al., 1991). Results, Measurements are consistent with a constant L to M cone ratio with eccentricity. For the red-green system, each individual's unique yellow and unique blue are constant with eccentricity. For the yellow-blue system, each individual's unique green, dependent on quantum catches in L, M, and S cones, is constant with eccentricity, except in the central (±2 deg) region where S cone density rapidly changes. Conclusions. Individual variability in unique yellow (20 nm) is too large to be due to differences in cone spectral sensitivity alone. In our sample of 10 observers, individual differences in cone ratios are sufficient to account for individual differences in unique yellow if, in addition, differences of no more than 3-4 run in Xmax of the L or M cone pigments are assumed. Cone ratios and unique hues are invariant with eccentricity for the red-green system but not for the yellow-blue.


Based on introducing the technique for level of repair analysis (LORA),this paper analyzes how to build the alternate project for LORA,total cost an project,decision and the way to deal with proportion of shared repair resources.In addition,the me thod of realizing LORA is given.


The functional response of the lady beetle, Menochilus sexmaculata (Fabricius) predating on the chrysanthemum aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillete) old nymphs fitted the model of HollingⅡ type well. However, the predation was affected by temperature, vessel space and prey density. In the same temperature treatment, the higher of prey density was, the larger of predation number was found and the lower of finding efficiency was observed. In the range of 15℃-25℃, the predation number increased with the increasing temperature. However, in the range of 25℃-35℃, the predation number decreased with the increasing temperature. At 25℃, predation number was the highest, which was 392.1 capita with an average number of 95 capita per day. The relationship between predation number and temperature was fitted by quadratic regression equation. Intraspecific interference was found in the experiment. The average predation number and predation rate of M. sexmaculata decreased with the increasing of its density. The relationship between predation ratio (E) and natural enemy density (P) was described by equation of E=0.9003P -0.9816. Searching constant (Q) is 0.9003, and disturbing coefficient (m) is 0.9816.


The research objective was to assess the chemical and microbiological properties of broiler litter raised in broiler closed house at different altitudes. The design used was a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of T1 (broiler closed house at an altitude of ≤100 meters above sea level (masl), T2 (broiler closed house at an altitude of 100 300 masl) and T3 (broiler closed house at an altitude of 300 500 masl). The results showed that the difference in the altitude where broilers were raised had no significant effect on moisture, ash, extract ether (EE), crude fibre (CF), nitrogen free extract (NFE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), cuprum (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Ag), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Salmonella, E. coli, Clostridium sp., antibiotic contamination (below the threshold) and predominance of gram-positive bacteria. The results of water content 22.71-24.65%, crude protein 13.13-13.47%, Pb 35.15-47.80 ppm, Cu 102.46-136.96 ppm, LAB 3.48 7.00 × 106 cfu/g. In conclusion, the differences in the altitude did not affect the chemical and microbiological properties of broiler litter.


Casestudy: Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive, uncommon soft tissue sarcomas that arise from peripheral nerves or pre-existing benign nerve sheath tumors. Local recurrence and metastases are known to occur, though metastasis to the brain is very rare. Limited treatment options impart the need to better characterize these tumors. We present a case of a 26-year-old female with a history of a 5.5 cm MPNST of the left chest, who presented with brain metastasis two years later. The tumors were found to have similar histologic and cytogenetic findings with clonal evolution evident in the metastasis. The original tumor exhibited a proliferation of spindled cells arranged in sweeping fascicles accompanied by numerous mitotic figures and areas of geographic necrosis. The malignant cells were patchy positive for S100 and CD34 and negative for SOX10 and GFAP. Cytogenetic analysis revealed three related abnormal clones, all of which demonstrated add(2)(p25) and add(22)(q12). Monosomy 6 was identified in one clone, and near triploidy and triploidy was identified in the other two clones. Additionally, numerous whole chromosome gains and losses were present. The patient underwent surgical resection and was treated with adjuvant radiation. Two years later, a PET scan revealed a hypermetabolic left temporal lobe mass. MRI revealed a 4.9 x 4.5 cm destructive lesion invading through the temporal bone and involving brain parenchyma. The mass was resected and submitted for pathologic evaluation revealing similar histologic findings to the original, though S100 and SOX-10 were negative. Cytogenetic analysis revealed two related abnormal clones which shared add(2)(p25) and add(22)(q12) as well as an additional copy of add(22)(q12). One clone showed near triploidy with loss of several whole chromosomes. These findings are remarkable for recurrent metastatic disease to the brain and uniquely show clonal evolution of the metastatic tumor.


Objective:ZZ affibody is a synthetic IgG-binding protein which is derived from the B domain of staphylococcal Protein A,and it holds extensive applications in immunology field.In this research,the purpose is to express ZZ affibody peptides with 6×His tag at its C-end.Methods:ZZ affibody peptide gene was amplified with polymerase chain reaction(PCR) from pEZZ18,and inserted into the expression vector pUC-18 from the EcoRⅠ/Hind Ⅲ site,then the recombinant plasmid named as pUC-ZZ.6 × hexahistidine tags were introduced at the C-terminus of ZZ-protein,the protein was purified through one-step His Trap chromatography.Its binding IgG antibody ability was estimated by a competitive ELISA.Results:The vector which express pUC-ZZ was constructed successfully.It showed an apparent Mr of 16×103,the relative affinity constant with rabbit IgG antibody was Ka≌1.45×108 L/mol.Conclusion:The ZZ affibody gene has been successfully expressed in E.coli,and has the binding activity with the IgG antibody,which lays a foundation for development and utilization in the immune microarray.


The invention relates to a pig fat metabolism related gene ISLR and application thereof. The pig fat metabolism related gene ISLR has a nucleotide sequence shown in the SEQ ID NO.1 or a nucleotide sequence with the same function, obtained by substitution, deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides on the SEQ ID NO.1 and derived from SEQ ID NO.1. The invention for the first time uses gene chip to screen an EST sequence, which is stimulated by clenbuterol hydrochloride to induce up-regulation of expression. The gene has adjusting effect in the metabolism of pig fat, and provides the basis for the research on metabolism and development of pig fat.


Value judgment is inevitable in the application of criminal law due to the vagueness of criminal norms. It, in essential, is to balance basic values of criminal law-liberty and order, just and utility. Owing to the restriction of legal principle, judges can't handle criminal cases directly in accordance with their value judgment. The purpose of criminal norms should be the ultimate goal of judges' value judgment.


Restoring the continuum of river networks, affected by anthropogenic constructions, is one of the main objectives of the Water Framework Directive. Regarding fish migration, fish passes are a widely used measure. Often the functionality of these fish passes needs to be assessed by monitoring. Over the last years, we developed a new semi-automatic monitoring system (FishCam) which allows the contact free observation of fish migration in fish passes through videos. The system consists of a detection tunnel, equipped with a camera, a motion sensor and artificial light sources, as well as a software (FishNet), which helps to analyze the video data. In its latest version, the software is capable of detecting and tracking objects in the videos as well as classifying them into "fish" and "no-fish" objects. This allows filtering out the videos containing at least one fish (approx. 5 % of all grabbed videos) and reduces the manual labor to the analysis of these videos. In this state the entire system has already been used in over 20 different fish passes across Austria for a total of over 140 months of monitoring resulting in more than 1.4 million analyzed videos. As a next step towards a fully automatic monitoring system, a key feature is the automatized classification of the detected fish into their species, which is still an unsolved task in a fully automatic monitoring environment. Recent advances in the field of machine learning, especially image classification with deep convolutional neural networks, sound promising in order to solve this problem. In this study, different approaches for the fish species classification are tested. Besides an image-only based classification approach using deep convolutional neural networks, various methods that combine the power of convolutional neural networks as image descriptors with additional features, such as the fish length and the time of appearance, are explored. To facilitate the development and testing phase of this approach, a subset of six fish species of Austrian rivers and streams is considered in this study. All scripts and the data to reproduce the results of this study will be made publicly available on GitHub* at the beginning of the EGU2017 General Assembly.


Objective To investigate the distributive characteristic of ABO blood group of 1033 new college students and analyze the results.Methods We used the standard serum glass-clotted method to check ABO blood group of 1033 students.Results In 1033 students,the A blood group accounted for 26.43%,the B blood group accounted for 36.40% and the O blood group accounted for 27.30% and AB 9.87%.Conclusion The characteristic of ABO blood group of 1033 new college students shows BOAAB.


The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C20H17N3, contains two crystallographically independent molecules (A and B). In molecule A, the two benzene rings form dihedral angles of 74.12 (7) and 7.83 (7)° with the pyridine ring, while in molecule B these angles are 77.48 (7) and 21.50 (7)°. The seven-membered heterocyclic ring adopts a boat conformation in both molecules. In the crystal structure, each of the independent molecules forms a centrosymmetric R 2 2(8) dimer linked by paired N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is further stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions.


Guizhou province,as a western underdeveloped area and one of the most backward areas in China,its industrialization foundation is weak.Therefore,Guizhou province puts forward the development strategy of" Becoming a prosperous and powerful province by industry",trying unremitting efforts to blaze a new and green industrial trail based on the support of talents,science,innovation.This paper is going to analyze the current industrial phase of Guizhou as well as its main problems so as to raise suggestions to speed up the new industrial development which focus on management innovation of western underdeveloped areas in the newperiod.


Some technicians feel that they could not understand scientific English entirely and accurately.They feel more difficult when coming across long sentences. The article analyzes the long sentences of scientific English in three respects: coordinate sentence , compound sentence, compound complex sentence and translate some sentences.


Intelligent Tutoring Systems have made great advances in providing assessment and useful feedback in domains with wellstructured problems, where start state, rules, or goals of a problem are well formalized and used to reach an unambiguously correct or incorrect solution. The problems of illdefined domain often possess multiple solutions. Plausible student solutions of ill-defined problems are deemed wrong by tutoring system if they do not match the known solution accepted by the system. This paper describes a mechanism and the results of a tutoring system in an ill-defined domain such as the English language, for accepting plausible student solutions for ill-defined problems. The WordNet is deployed as a knowledge base, which is a lexical resource of English language database. Semantic similarity measure technique uses WordNet ontology hierarchy to accept the student plausible solutions. The student solutions of cloze passages were evaluated by a group of English experts and compared against a semantic similarity measure. The experts agreed among themselves with a correlation of 0.7 with p<0.05. The correlation between semantic similarity and experts is 0.58 with p<0.05 to indicate valid hypothesis. The area under the curve of ROC is 0.76.


281 Objectives: Based on mechanistic studies, we tested the efficacy of dual targeting of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and the alphavbeta3 integrin (αvβ3) in orthotopic mouse models of ovarian cancer.
 Methods: In vivo therapy experiments were carried out in chemo-sensitive (SKOV3ip1, HeyA8) and -resistant (SKOV3TRip2) ovarian cancer cell lines. VEGF was targeted with bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) and αvβ3 with the fully humanized monoclonal antibody MEDI-522 (Abegrin, MedImmune, Inc.). Mice were treated with each agent alone, together, or combined with paclitaxel for assessment of tumor growth. Tumor specimens were also tested for proliferative index by proliferative nuclear cell antigen (PCNA), microvessel density by CD31, and tumor cell apoptosis by TUNEL.
 Results: We have previously characterized VEGF production and alphavbeta3 expression in these cell lines. In the SKOV3ip1 model, both single-agent bevacizumab and MEDI-522 reduced tumor growth by 52-63% (p


Since 1994, this guide (commonly known as the Gold Book), has facilitated understanding between the industry and enforcement authorities, and a common approach to the frozen food supply chain. When it was originally introduced, it gave the latest recommended practice for the frozen food supply chain in line with UK and EU legislative changes on quick frozen food.
Extract from the table of contents: guide to the quick-frozen foodstuffs regulations (the regulatory structure; temperature monitoring systems); recommended procedures for the cold chain (manufacturing; primary cold stores and distribution; secondary cold stores; local distribution; retail outlets; cash and carry outlets; caterers). In the annexes: the control procedure; specifications for temperature measuring systems; temperature monitoring and sampling procedures; product temperature measurement.


This chapter presents an overview of the measured properties of the Higgs boson discovered in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the CERN LHC. Searches for deviations from the properties predicted by the standard theory are also summarised. The present status corresponds to the combined analysis of the full Run 1 data sets of collisions collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV.


We conducted a serosurvey in 2020, amongst 149 adult migrants living in the United Kingdom, to determine seroprotection rates for measles, varicella zoster, and rubella. Findings suggest a gap in seroprotection against measles (89.3%). Younger migrants and those from Europe and Central Asia may be more susceptible; self-reported vaccine/disease status is a poor predictor of seroprotection. Understanding factors associated with seroprotection among migrants is critical for informing the delivery of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.


The article presents the results of a study of the formation of the living space of boys and girls, conducted on a sample of 1,394 boys and girls aged 14 to 23 years. Based on the analysis of existing theoretical and empirical data on adolescence, it was found that adolescence is a period when the time perspective increases, the life path is determined and, in general, the living space is formed. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze age norms and dynamics of the formation of living space in adolescence, through the differences of the most important events in the lives of boys and girls. As a result of the study, it was shown that there is an age-related multidirectional dynamics in the formation of the structure of a person's living space in adolescence. Early youth is a time of formation of the future, but the future is mainly associated with recreation and entertainment, and late youth is a time of analysis of past events, where the most important for a young man or girl are studies and professional activity tests, and the future is significantly shortened and associated with communication and interpersonal relationships. It is established that recreation and entertainment with increasing age in youth become less significant.


Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber /polyethylene oxide(NBR/PEO) blends were prepared by solution-casting method,and the effect of interaction between NBR and PEO on the crystalline behavior was investigated by contact-angle testing,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.The results showed that the interfacial energy and work of adhesion of NBR/PEO blends were 8.80 mJ/m2and 56.90 mJ/m2respectively,there was a certain compatibility between the two.There was no interaction between —CN and ether group,so that the certain compatibility was contributed by the non-polar part of them.As the PEO content decreased,the gauche conformation of molecular chain in the PEO crystal structure increased moderately,as well as the crystallinity and crystalline melting temperature of PEO decreased evidently.While the PEO amount was 5 phr,PEO crystallinity and crystalline melting temperature were reduced by 80% and 10.5 ℃ in NBR/PEO blends system separately,showing a good inhibiting effect of NBR on PEO crystallinity.


Our method tracks the changing rate of the transform parameters and makes prediction on future values of the transform parameters to determine the initial searching point. More importantly, noises in the Kalman filter are effectively estimated in our approach without any artificial assumption, which makes our method able to adapt to various target motions and searching step sizes without any manual intervention. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm. With a dynamic measurement error covariance computed from these estimates, we attempt to produce an overall object tracking filter that combines each algorithm's best-case behavior while diminishing worst-case behavior. This filter is intended to be robust without being programmed with any environment-specific rules. (Hamidreza Rabiee, Javad Haddadnia, Omid Rahmani Seryasat. A Novel Object Tracking Algorithm using Kalman Filter with Adaptive Prediction. J Am Sci 2013;9(2s):137-142). (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 21


As a result of a lawsuit initiated by Washington activist Jeremy Rifkin and joined by the attorney general for the state of Utah, the U.S. Army has agreed to defer construction, pending a study of potential environmental hazards, of a new laboratory that was authorized by a small number of Congressmen under an unusual procedure in December 1984. The laboratory, intended for tests of highly infectious and lethal biological aerosols, has aroused controversy because of fears that the data gathered there might be used to develop offensive biological weapons.


We obtain a new and simple splitting of Einstein field equations with respect to the (1 + 1 + 3) threading of a 5 D universe ( ¯ M, ¯ g ) . The study is based on the spatial tensor fields and on the Riemannian spatial connection, which behave as 3 D geometric objects. All the equations are expressed with respect to the adapted frame field and the adapted coframe field induced by the (1 + 1 + 3) threading of ( ¯ M, ¯ g ) . In particular, we obtain the splitting of the Einstein field equations in a 5 D Robertson-Walker universe.