Summary Detection bias inrecessive ascertainment isgenerally considered tobeconfined inanarrow range between unbiased truncate ascertainment andsingle ascertainment, where methods ofsegregation analysis areestablished. While there arearguments foranextended range ofanalysis, adeflated detection progression below theunbiased level isstill being considered astheoretical ground orignored assporadics. Ishowhere a method ofgauging theascertainment levels ofsurveyed data inageometric continuum. Themethod is valid forrecessive segregation atanyascertainment level andinsimplex ormultiplex sibships ofwhatever degree oftruncation. Fourpreviously published surveys areusedtoshowconformation withreal dataand theexistence ofdetection trends spanning therange fromtheunsuspected very depressed bias level tothe inflated level above single ascertainment.


Taking library of Jiujiang University as an example,this paper briefly narrates the classification and characteristics of the readers' group information needs of local university libraries,and discusses measures and suggestions of information services for different readers' groups in libraries


We will discuss some strategies for reduced power consumption of semiconductor optical amplifiers. This is important for commercial applications where the SOA needs to be incorporated into a compact low-power module such as for datacenter communications.


Three multi-copper molybdovanadate cluster compounds [Cu8(OH)2(H2O)2V10Mo30O132]20− (1), {[CuNa(H2O)6][Cu(H2O)4]2[Cu8(OH)2(H2O)2V9Mo30O128]}10− (2), {[Cu0.5Na0.5(H2O)3][Cu(H2O)4]2 [Cu6(OH)2(H2O)2V9Mo23O108]}9.5− (3), containing a novel [VMo7O28]9− fragment, have been isolated by using a one-pot self-assembly method. These three compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic properties analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The Z-shaped [Cu8(OH)2(H2O)2V9Mo30O128]17− anions of compound 2 can transform into the banana-shaped {Cu6(OH)2(H2O)2V9Mo23O108} units of compound 3 by only changing the pH from 4.5 to 5.0, while the introduction of nitrilotriacetic acid as an assistant ligand ensures the formation of the zero-dimensional compound 1. Magnetic studies indicate the presence of strong antiferromagnetic interactions in compounds 1–3, and the three compounds also exhibit obvious electrocatalytic activities for nitrate reduction. The semiconducting properties of these solid state compounds were revealed from the measurements of the diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectra, in which the band gap values at ca. 2.5 eV are similar to inorganic semiconductor materials, suggesting potential applications in areas of photocatalysis and light-to-electricity conversion.


This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation. There are various ways to open the value chain for 3n1 party service providers, giving them an interface to perform call control and also creating the foundation for other more advanced services (e.g. electronic commerce) within telecommunication PSTN network. The most promising and convenient for an IN architecture seems to be the use of APIs. The authors believe also that access through APIs is probably the easiest solution for third parties. In particular the Parlay API is discussed. The authors have been developing demo applications using the Parlay API on top of COREA. The demo is composed of three parts: third party's application (Parlay client- somewhere on the Internet), application on our network (Parlay peer) and part of the application for the mapping our INAP dialect to Parlay API (Parlay server). The development and the structure of the applications are described. The architecture of the application based on CORBA make it possible to change both third parties applications and the underlying PSTN network mapping part, with minimal interventions in the Parlay peer. In this work they discuss the advantages and drawbacks of their implementation and problems faced during the development and testing of the Call Control scenarios of interest.


The present research covers the intersection between Descriptive Translation Studies and Children's Literature and aims to investigate the important role of the translator as mediator of marked language, more specifically by dialect and slang. This paper is based both on Santos's (2010) concluded mastering thesis which investigated the translation of the dialect of the character Rubeus Hagrid and Santos's ongoing PhD research which deals with translation into Brazilian Portuguese of slang words in the Harry Potter series. The initial hypothesis is that dialects and slang words will be translated by standard language and this translator choice is influenced by the particularities of its readership.


In the paper,regarding N-p-chlorobenzoyl-N '-aroyl thiosemicarbazides as host molecules,the binding properties with anions such as F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,CH 3 CO 2-and HSO 4-in DMSO were examined by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrum. The results showed that a 1 ∶1 stoichiometry complex was formed between compound( b or d) and anions by hydrogen-bonding interaction. The results showed that the receptor( b or d) had a better selectivity for F-obviously.


Pediatricians incidentally treat patients with asthenia (asthenic syndrome AS, asthenic condition). The etiology of this disorder is highly diverse. Asthenia is a universal response of the body to various distresses, leading to energy deficiency. The most common AS symptoms are weakness, fatigue, sleep disturbances, increased irritability, muscle pain, headache, etc. AS, including post-infectious AS, significantly worsens the quality of life of the child and his family, so it is necessary to report the manifestations promptly to make a differential diagnosis with other diseases with similar presentation. There are many therapies to treat asthenia, including biologically active additives. Thus, recent clinical studies showed the effectiveness of Kidz syrup with choline, which improves the manifestations of asthenia, increases resistance to psycho-emotional stress, improves focus and memory, and helps to cope with increased mental stress.


The parameters of relative delay, relative amplitude and amplitude distribution in the fading model reflect the different fading characteristics of ground-to-air communication, and affect the effect of ground-to-air communication. Through the simulation test of UHF ground-to-air communication, the maximum communication distance under different fading model parameters and the output signal amplitude probability distribution function curve of wireless channel simulator are counted, and the mapping relationship between fading model parameters and output is established. When supported by the measured data, the measured signal can be compared with the probability distribution function curve from the simulation test, and the corresponding fading model parameters can be selected to improve the accuracy of the simulation test results.


Only a few surgeons with much experience of laparoscopic surgery perform laparoscopy‐assisted total gastrectomy (LATG), because of its technical difficulty and concern about subsequent complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of LATG as compared with laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) in gastric cancer.


path that is not subordinate to the hegemonic linguistic discourse and its enveloping politics that characterise discussions of the language situation in Israel. Arraf is aware of her subjectivity as a Palestinian scholar from Israel and, to a great extent, succeeds in choosing a discourse that steers away from the ideological on both sides of her argument. One of the best parts of the book is the discussion of how the marginalisation of Arabic overtly and covertly in Israel and how the Jewish opposition to national integration and the establishment of Israel as the state of all its citizens, equally and without prejudice, have in fact helped turn Arabic into a potent symbol of the Palestinians in Israel as a national minority living on its own indigenous land. The author uses this to question the validity of the basic accounts of linguistic vitality which, in objective terms, would predict a language shift to Hebrew among Palestinians in Israel. By seeking to concentrate on language maintenance rather than language shift, the author reminds us that objective realities create subjective consequences that can override the power of these realities. The author, however, is aware that this language maintenance among the Palestinians in Israel is consistent with the aim of the super-ordinate group, the Israeli Jews, who support the continuation of the Jewishness of the state and the exclusive use of Hebrew as its sole national language. In spite of its many limitations, this is a useful book. It provides a general introduction to the topic of Arabic in Israel. It breaks free from the limitations of the correlationist studies of the Arabic language situation in Israel which generally stay at the level of correlating linguistic variants with social variables in the name of a mistaken scientifi c objectivity, thus failing to engage the politics of sociolinguistics. The book could, however, have benefi ted from stringent editing to eliminate the many examples of clumsy expression, grammatical and typographical errors and to ensure that the list of references is free of discrepancies.


During the Nasse Seminar organized the 4th of September of 2014, Veronique Selinsky and Jean-Baptiste Traversac talked about competition and agriculture. The case study was about the opinion…


Introduction: The definition of motherhood is manifold. The responsibilities of motherhood should be considered biologically, psychologically and socially. Conscious motherhood is characterized amongst others by the responsibility of parents for procreative decisions, care for the health, development and safety of the child. In Poland, the model of a woman as mother, who dedicates her life to birthing and raising her offspring, dominates. This has a huge impact on the future functioning of the offspring as citizens of Poland. Materials and method: Study was conducted through a diagnostic survey in a group of 365 women (284 of which are mothers of three or more children, the remaining 81 being mothers of one child). A self-developed survey containing 29 multiple choice questions with a single correct response as well as a standardized assessment tool SWLS- Life Satisfaction Scale E. Diener, R.A. Emmons, R.J. Larson, S. Griffin (adaptation: Z. Juczyński) were used as a research tool. Results: The vast majority of respondents are satisfied with their role as mother (97.1%). Many of the women do not plan to have more children (44.1%). In the respondents' opinion, childbirth is a social privilege of a woman (p<0.05). Mothers of more than one child have definitively declared that having multiple children does not decrease the quality of life of women, is a source of life satisfaction, aids in the fulfillment of societal roles and does not impede professional development (p<0.05). A constant partner, religious beliefs and relations with other women having more than two children are important factors for respondents when deciding to expand their family (p<0.05). Women who have given birth to three or more children have greater life satisfaction as compared to mothers of a single child (p<0.05). Conclusion: Women are happy to be mothers. Motherhood is not a factor hindering their social and private functioning. Women's procreative decisions are influenced by fixed income, formal relationships and religious beliefs. Mothers of large families have greater life satisfaction in comparison to mothers of one child who do not desire more children.


Significance Various cell types emerge from their nearly identical genetic content for a multicellular organism, in part, via the regulation of the function of the genome—the DNA molecules inside the cell. Similar to the way catalytic activity is lost when proteins denature, the function of the genome is tightly coupled to its 3D organization. A theoretical framework for picturing the structure and dynamics of the genome will therefore greatly advance our understanding of cell biology. We present an energy landscape model of the chromosome that reproduces a diverse set of experimental measurements. The model enables quantitative predictions of chromosome structure and topology and provides mechanistic insight into the role of 3D genome organization in gene regulation and cell differentiation. Chromosome conformation capture experiments provide a rich set of data concerning the spatial organization of the genome. We use these data along with a maximum entropy approach to derive a least-biased effective energy landscape for the chromosome. Simulations of the ensemble of chromosome conformations based on the resulting information theoretic landscape not only accurately reproduce experimental contact probabilities, but also provide a picture of chromosome dynamics and topology. The topology of the simulated chromosomes is probed by computing the distribution of their knot invariants. The simulated chromosome structures are largely free of knots. Topologically associating domains are shown to be crucial for establishing these knotless structures. The simulated chromosome conformations exhibit a tendency to form fibril-like structures like those observed via light microscopy. The topologically associating domains of the interphase chromosome exhibit multistability with varying liquid crystalline ordering that may allow discrete unfolding events and the landscape is locally funneled toward "ideal" chromosome structures that represent hierarchical fibrils of fibrils.


The residence suitable for small families is prevalent in present real estate market. In this paper the popular reasons of this kind of residence are analyzed. Author points out that as one constituent of building market the residence suitable for small families will long existed. At last some suggestions are proposed for its development.


Embeded System Curriculum has become a key research area in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Berkeley.The curriculum has many unique characteristics.It's idea and teaching content come from the resarch project.System modeling and methodology are emphasized and importance is attached to practice teaching.These teaching ideas and methods has certain referential significance for embedded system course education in China.


Boosting domestic demand in China has become a key part in stable ecomony.And Considering the ever-increasing income of rural residents, promotion of rural community construction and infrastructure, and stronger commercial awareness of them,so we can build up rural commercial trade center so as to exploit the potential growth of real consumption. This study has carried out a systematic discussion on the effects as well as the steps in constructing rural commercial center, and brought forth some advisable measures.


This study intends to explore various forms of spiritual education in fasting during Ramadan. This type of research is a qualitative research in the form of library research with a philosophical normative approach. The data sources used are various scientific literatures, both in the form of books (books) and scientific journal articles related to the discussion of the philosophical values of fasting during Ramadan. Meanwhile, the analytical theory used is the Sufistic andragogy theory in the form of takhalli, tahalli , and tajalli methods. The results of the study conclude that there are three forms of actualizing the value of spiritual education with Sufistic dimensions in fasting that can be carried out by an adult Muslim independently and informally. First, the actualization of takhalli values in the form of character education. Second, the actualization of the value of tahalli in the form of an attitude of social concern and various sunnah practices in the month of Ramadan. Third, the actualization of the value of tajalli in the form of the intensity of faith


The purpose of this study is to investigate the organizational justice and trust as the determinant of satisfaction in teachers' performance appraisal system. This study was carried out by using survey method. In this research, this questionnaire was administered to 714 teachers from 102 secondary public schools in the Northern Region of West Malaysia. The data were analyzed by "Hierarchical Moderated Multiple Regression Analytical Procedures" (HMMR), using the statistical package program (SPSS15.0). As a result, it is revealed that the organizational justice (distributive, procedural, interpersonal) poses a positive influence on the performance appraisal satisfaction. Elevating the degree of trust and satisfaction among teachers towards the performance appraisal, and creating a conductive environment for teachers to improve their performance are the best strategies to achieve teacher's performance appraisal satisfaction.


In recent years, low voltage electrical grids are experiencing the growing implementation of distributed generation systems such as solar and wind generators, EV charging systems and storage devices. For this reason the use of a smart management system for every active component becomes necessary to acquire and provide real time measurements of main parameters of power grids and execute automatic actions. In this work, the design and implementation of a cheap, flexible and reliable smart monitoring system is proposed.


A low-temperature carburizing process developed at our laboratory was adopted to carburize AISI316 austenitic stainless steel. The microstructure of resultant carburized reinforcing layer was examined with a metallographic microscope,and its hardness and corrosion resistance were determined with a hardness meter and an electrochemical test rig,respectively. Results showed that elevating carburizing temperature led to increased surface hardness but reduced corrosion resistance of the carburized reinforcing layer. After the stainless steel was carburized at 470 ℃ ,its surface hardness rose from 300 HV 0. 25 N to 800 ~ 1 000 HV 0. 25 N and its effective hardened layer was as thick as 36. 1 μm,while its corrosion resistance remained almost unchanged.


In order to effectively monitor the leakage current on the surface of organic materials, based on the existing research status, the relevant research results at home and abroad are analysed profoundly, and a more advanced system is designed to measure and monitor the leakage current on the surface of organic materials. The hardware circuit (main control circuit, differential amplifier circuit, filter circuit, power supply circuit and communication interface circuit) and software system (main program, data acquisition subroutine, data processing subroutine, communication subroutine, etc.) of the monitoring system are designed, respectively. Generally speaking, some researches are carried out on the carbonization and leakage current measurement of organic materials, and it also lays a theoretical foundation for the follow-up related research.


The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Phase 1, conducted from 1988 to 1991 in the United States, included an assessment of dental caries in US children and adolescents and provided the opportunity for differences in dental caries status to be viewed by age, sex, race, and race-ethnicity. The measurement of dental caries in children and adolescents from 2 to 17 years of age included the number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent tooth surfaces and teeth, and the number of decayed and filled primary tooth surfaces and teeth. Additionally, a brief visual inspection for the presence or absence of early childhood caries in the maxillary incisors was conducted for children 12 to 23 months of age. The survey yielded weighted estimates for 1988–1991 for over 58 million US children and adolescents 1 to 17 years of age. For infants aged 12 to 23 months, 0.8% were scored positive for early childhood caries. Over 60% (62.1%) of the children aged 2 to 9 years were caries-free in their primary dentition. Over half (54.7%) of the children 5 to 17 years were caries-free in their permanent dentition. The occurrence of caries in the permanent dentition is clustered: A quarter of the children and adolescents ages 5 to 17 with at least one permanent tooth accounted for about 80% of the caries experienced in permanent teeth. Differences in caries experience were found among race and race-ethnicity subpopulations, and caries patterns for the primary and permanent dentition were dissimilar. Further analyses are needed to explore other potential determinants of caries in children.


Video retrieval is a young field which has its genealogy rooted in artificial intelligence, digital signal processing, statistics, natural language understanding, databases, psychology, computer vision, and pattern recognition. However, none of these parental fields alone has been able to directly solve the retrieval problem. In this paper we present a System that supports video mining from multimedia warehouse using multimodal feature has two stages, the first one is building the multimedia warehouse and the second one is retrieving the video from that multimedia warehouse. The Video Retrieval system includes various steps: Video Segmentation, Key frames Selection, Feature Extraction. For retrieving the video from warehouse, the retrieval subsystem processes the presented query, performs similarity matching operations and this can be done using Euclidian Distance Algorithm, and finally displays the result to end user.


. In are source-limited environment in which urgent revascularization therapies are not available, it seems wise to us to have urgent recourse to a brain scan without injection, which is much more available and which will effectively eliminate cerebral haemorrhageand initiate antithrombotic treatment.


Abstract Changes in the properties of water in excised embryos were measured during the late stages of grain development in two cultivars of Zizania palustris and a population of the endangered species Z. texana. The relationships between water content and water activity were determined from water sorption isotherms, measured at temperatures between 35 and 5°C and then derived for lower temperatures. The freezing and melting behaviour of water in embryos at different water contents was determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The moisture content of embryos at high water activities decreased with maturation, as did the moisture content at which freezing transitions were not observed. While the temperatures of freezing and melting transitions decreased as the moisture content of embryos decreased, there were no discernible differences among embryos at different developmental stages. The properties of water measured in maturing Zizania embryos approached those for orthodox seeds as determined from the strength of water sorption, the enthalpy of the melting transition and the moisture content at which water is unfreezable. From these data we conclude that the properties of water in recalcitrant Zizania embryos change with development to resemble those of embryos of desiccation-tolerant seeds, but that the seeds never achieve the orthodox condition. The effects of interactions between moisture content and temperature on desiccation damage, freezing damage and germination in Zizania are predicted, based on the physical properties of water reported here and the correspondence of these properties with physiological function reported for other species. The resulting 'phase diagram' defines possible combinations of moisture content and temperature for storage under equilibrium conditions.


The chemisorption of NO 2 on carbon nanotubes is studied by modeling the interaction between NO 2 and N 2 O 4 with an infinitely long (8,0) single-walled carbon nanotube, using planewave/pseudopotential-based density functional theory (DFT). In sharp contrast to the case of graphite, for which NO 2 adsorption is physical, a NO 2 radical could readily adsorb on the exterior of an (8,0) tube by addition, similar to the reaction between NO 2 and alkenes. The process is slightly endothermic and reversible with a low energy barrier, with the NO 2 group in either the nitro or nitrite configuration. Adsorption of a second NO 2 is considerably exothermic, and desorption of NO 2 from such a configuration is much more difficult. The chemisorption of NO 2 also increases the conductivity of the (8,0) tube. On the other hand, N 2 O 4 only plays a minor role in the equilibrium between desorption and adsorption processes. These results indicate that the (8,0) tube is more reactive toward NO 2 than graphite, due to the curvature on the rolled graphene sheet.


It is an urgent problem that how to insure QoS of composite service effectively when exception happens in participant service. This paper discusses the dynamic calculation of QoS when composite service is running, builds an embedded transaction model of composite service and presents a transaction recovery algorithm of composite service. The algorithm can keep the area of compensation in a lower scope, reduce the cost of compensation, and insure QoS approach to the best when transaction recovering and relaxed atomic of transaction-semantic atomic.


Glass fiber optical waveguides consisting of a potassium silicate glass core and SiO2 cladding were produced by a potassium metal evaporation technique. An evacuated fused-silica tube containing an evaporated deposit of K was heated to temperatures sufficient to form a uniform potassium silicide layer on its inner surface. This layer was oxidized and reacted with the SiO2tubing at high temperatures to form a potassium silicate glass. The tube was then collapsed to give a solid rod preform with a potassium silicate core. Fibers drawn from such preforms exhibit moderately low optical loss. The fabrication technique is described, and a representative loss spectrum is presented.


In the current study, ultrasonic assisted ethanolic extract of propolis was discussed in detail, including their total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging capacity. For this purpose, we determined the total antioxidant capacity of propolis extract by CUPRAC and FRAP) assay. At the same time, the free radical scavenging capacity of propolis extracts was investigated via the DPPH• and CUPRAC- hydroxyl radical scavenging (HRS) methods. The chemical constituents of propolis extract were characterized by ATR-FTIR. The results revealed that propolis is rich in total phenolic components (189 mg GAE /g extract). According to the CUPRAC assay, the total antioxidant capacity of propolis extract was calculated to be 2.43 ± 0.07 mmol TE/g-propolis extract. FRAP value of propolis extract was determined as 1.11 mmol TE/g-propolis extract. DPPH• scavenging activity of propolis extract was calculated to be 0.71± 0.002 mmol TE / g - extract. On the other hand, according to the CUPRAC method, HRS capacity of propolis extract at different concentrations (5-10 μg/mL) was determined as 68.1% and 77.64 %, respectively. Research findings showed that propolis extract has a strong radical scavenging potential. The FTIR spectra of the functional groups originating from the phenolic compounds in the propolis extract were as expected.


Power Quality monitoring system for real-time and higher reliability,need to use high-performance realtime operating system as a development platform,data acquisition card for real-time monitoring of signal and data processing will produce a large amount of data requires high-capacity data storage devices.In this paper,realize the data transfer of storage devices,introduce the file manager,and put forward a method to load driver of storage devices.


Piroxicam and diclofenac were compared for 4 weeks in an open parallel study in 20 rheumatoid arthritis patients each. Both preparations showed good efficacy and were well tolerated, piroxicam appearing to be slightly superior in both respects. Piroxicam exercised a significant action on the inflammation-specific parameters (reduction of BSR by 6.15 mm maximum and of the alpha 2-globulin fraction by 0.75%), whereas diclofenac did not. Another advantage of piroxicam is its low effective dosage level achieved by a single daily dose.


The spermatogenesis and male gonadal histology of Cellana grata(Gould) along the coast of west Guangdong were observed with historical section.The spermatogenesis of this shell goes through stages of proliferation,growth,maturation and metamorphism.According to the morphological transformation of seminiferous cell,the process of spermatogenesis could be divided into five stages: spermatogonium,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatid and spermatozoon.The male gonad was composed of follicle and the sperm in the follicle cavity were expelled from efferent duct.The result from observing and analyzing shows that:(1)the stage of growth was not obvious during spermatogenesis while the primary spermatocyte were smaller than the spermatogonium,(2) the seminiferous cell and its nuclei transformed smaller during the spermatogenesis and the basophilic characteristic of the nuclei was gradually intensified,(3) The diversiform spermatid was easily observed during spermatogenesis duo to the longer metamorphism stage,(4) mature sperm was 0.5×3~4 μm,with bacilliform head and flagellum tail,(5) the male gonad at growth and maturity stage was made of regular(polygon) follicle with explicit circumscription,(6)the male follicle wall was made up of seminiferous cell of different stage arranged in file,the primal seminiferous cells,which were acidophilic,was closer to the follicle velum,the termal seminiferous cells which were basophilic,were apart from the follicle velum.and the spermatozoa show swirl in the antrum,(7)the mature male gonad can embed into the tissue of foot and liver.Four structures of germ efferent duct at different levels can be observed in liver tissue section,(8)Cellana grata(Gould) was dioecism,meanwhile the phenomena of hermaphrodite and sex reversal were observed.


Since the conversionn of biomass waste into a new kind of resource has high value added, this study mainly concentrated on how to transform biomass waste( such as bagasses, leaves and vegetable castoffs) into bio- fertilizer by hydrothermal treatment. Through IR analysis for the transforming product, it was found that contained large quantity of humic acids that had high fertilizer efficiency and economic benefits. The influence of temperature, holding time and catalyst on the quality and performance of humic acids produced was also revealed elementarily. Biomass waste degraded and reformed into humic acids with carboxyl, hydroxyl and so on under high pressure and catalyzer. The optimal reaction parameters were temperature:160 ℃ ~ 180 ℃ , holding time:1~ 2 h, catalyzer: Na2CO3. The content of humic acids reached 45% at 160℃ and holding time 1.5 h.The produced humic acids could be used as a high- efficiency fertilizer. Hydrothermal treatment would have a bright market future in biomass waste disposal.


Azure DocumentDB is Microsoft's multi-tenant distributed database service for managing JSON documents at Internet scale. DocumentDB is now generally available to Azure developers. In this paper, we describe the DocumentDB indexing subsystem. DocumentDB indexing enables automatic indexing of documents without requiring a schema or secondary indices. Uniquely, DocumentDB provides real-time consistent queries in the face of very high rates of document updates. As a multi-tenant service, DocumentDB is designed to operate within extremely frugal resource budgets while providing predictable performance and robust resource isolation to its tenants. This paper describes the DocumentDB capabilities, including document representation, query language, document indexing approach, core index support, and early production experiences.


In modern engineering, the use of virtual prototypi ng s continuously and significantly growing. Howev er one of the recent challenges arising in computational analysis consists in taking accurately and efficiently into account strong coupling between different physical fields. Dependi ng on the applications, multiple solvers or environ me ts are involved in the design flow and, consequently, inte grated solutions require effective interfacing and data exchange between different software components. The OOFELIE® toolkit, developed by Open Engineering , is a multi-physics, multi-methods and multi-analy ses commercial application dedicated to numerical simul ation. Thanks to its open architecture, it is an id eal platform to develop integrated and innovative solutions. In the present paper, relevant applications based o n the OOFELIE framework are presented in the expand ing omain of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI), Optics and Concu rrent Design, with focus on the platform interfacin g capabilities and on the communication schemes and resolution strateg ies developed within these projects.


Sculpture can be defined as a three-dimensional shaped object in space in the classical sense. Some concepts such as space, place, and fullness that have come to the fore with this definition have become important issues for artists especially after the 20th century. The use of void as a plastic element has been considered by modern artists such as Auguste Rodin, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, and consciously used void as plastic value. However, the British artist Rachel Whiteread, born in 1963, approached the gap and fullness differently from other artists and made the spaces visible by filling the empty parts of the spaces and objects with materials such as plaster, polyester, resin. She created the negative-positive contrast by filling the empty spaces of the second-hand objects where there are memories in Daily life such as places where there are experiences in his sculptures, objects that people used before, stair intervals, bed mattresses, thermophore, and he focused the viewer on the experiences of spaces and objects. The artist, who embodies the form of emptiness rather than seeking form in his Works, won the Turner Prize for her original style. In this study, Whiteread's interpretation of place and her sculptures which are described as hearted minimalist are discussed.


This paper,departing from the origin and development of the Olympic Games,presents that the Olympic spirits,the essence of which manifests the spirit of human beings self-development,inclusiveness and creativeness,is the perfect union product of athletics and culture.And in adhere to this idea,Chinese government has made a step further in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.We propose the three concepts: "Green Olympics,scientific Olympics,humanity Olympics."


Objectives: This study examined to explain the practical health behaviour and health-related quality of life, and their influencing factors in high school students. Methods: Total of 718 high school students from 1 school in Seoul were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire regarding genera...


The development of imidazoline inhibitor and the research methodology of its inhibiting principles is introduced in this paper,with emphasis on its structure feature,inhibiting electrochemistry character,adsorptive character on the metal surface as well as the connection between the molecule structure of imidazoline and its inhibition.The significance of research on the inhibiting principles of imidazoline and its derivative is discussed for further designing new corrosion inhibitor molecules and developing high effective and low poisonous corrosion inhibitors.


We discuss eight randomized evaluations intended to increase vaccination uptake conducted by the US General Services Administration's Office of Evaluation Sciences (OES). These evaluations had a median sample size of 55,000, deployed a variety of behaviorally-informed direct communications, and used administrative data to measure vaccination uptake. The confidence interval from an internal meta-analysis shows changes in vaccination rates ranging from -0.004 to 0.394 percentage points. Two studies yielded statistically significant increases, of 0.59 and 0.16 percentage points. The other six were not statistically significant, although the studies were powered to detect effect sizes in line with published research. This work highlights the likely effects of government communications and demonstrates the value of conducting rapid evaluations to support COVID-19 vaccination efforts.


False beliefs in medicine can be regulated by constitutional doctrines of false speech and professional speech, whereby government can restrict professionals' false beliefs or impose its own false beliefs on professionals. In our allegedly "post truth" society, such regulations and their foundations can have an important influence on health care practice.


This paper presents the main aspects of fault tree analysis techniques from an engineering viewpoint and describes an efficient method for determining the signifiant minimal cut sets of complex fault trees. The efficiency of the method is largely due to the use of Binary Decision Diagram as data structure. A prototype computer program using BDDs was produced by modifying part of ISPRA-FTA, a cut sets manipulation program, and they have been compared on a set of fault trees of real systems. The results obtained show the efficiency of BDDs vs previous methods based on cut sets manipulation. For not monotonic functions an approximated solution is also proposed, being acceptable in practical applications. The type of quantitative analysis that can be made on the final graph is briefly shown. Finally, the extraction from the graph of Significant Minimal Cut Sets by defining new and easier to use cut off criteria is presented.


Abstract The purpose of this paper is to solve a global asymptotic stabilization problem for a nonlinear control system on a Riemannian manifold. As well known, a system on a noncontractible manifold is not globally asymptotically stabilizable via a C 1 feedback law. This problem results from the existence of multiple singular points of such a controlled system. It is shown that if all the singular points can be assigned to a subset of the extended state space using a dynamic compensator and a C 0 feedback, then the original system becomes globally asymptotically stable. Moreover, a method for stabilization is developed using a dynamic compensator and a global control Lyapunov function for an input-affine system. Finally, we propose a method for constructing the control Lyapunov function for a controllable system.


XANES- and EXAFS-based analysis of the Ayurvedic Hg-based nano-drug Rasasindura has been performed to seek evidence of its non-toxicity. Rasasindura is determined to be composed of single-phase α-HgS nanoparticles (size ∼24 nm), free of Hg(0) or organic molecules; its structure is determined to be robust (<3% defects). The non-existence of Hg(0) implies the absence of Hg-based toxicity and establishes that chemical form, rather than content of heavy metals, is the correct parameter for evaluating the toxicity in these drugs. The stable α-HgS form (strong Hg-S covalent bond and robust particle character) ensures the integrity of the drug during delivery and prevention of its reduction to Hg(0) within the human body. Further, these comparative studies establish that structural parameters (size dispersion, coordination configuration) are better controlled in Rasasindura. This places the Ayurvedic synthesis method on par with contemporary techniques of nanoparticle synthesis.


The effects of thiourea injection on scale development were studied in New Hampshire Red × White Leghorn Cross chick embryos. Normal morphogenesis and keratinization of scales were significantly delayed in thioureatreated specimens. Subsequent thyroxine injection resulted in normal or even precocious scale development. The thyroid hormone responsiveness of scale development is discussed in relation to other studies of endocrine effects on differentiation of skin and skin derivatives.


A number of key studies have argued universities are in need of new business models in order to stay relevant and sustainable. Drivers of change such as technology, financial support, industry trends and socio-economic ecosystems are dictating higher education sector to re-examine its existing business model and value proposition. The changes are dynamic and complex. It is very difficult to analyse complex problem without proper business modeling tools. Business Model Canvas (BMC) and Value Proposition Design (VPD) are recent tools being used by industry to design, evaluate alternative business models and value propositions. The tools allows us to design business models that create value for the business and value propositions that create value for the customers, thus enabling the creation of sustainable road maps. In this paper we explore the use of BMC as business modeling tool to analyse and design sustainable business models for the University of the Future. Depending on the targeted customer segments and value proposition design, we found design options for the University of the Future. In our opinion this will help university business planners and relevant stakeholders to design sustainable and competitive business model.


A two-terminal dielectric test cell for the study of the dielectric properties of viscous polymers above their softening temperature was used to perform 60 Hz breakdown measurements in polyethylene between 23 and 150°C. Molded specimens of polyethylene with embedded electrodes of parallel-plane configurations were employed. The interelectrode spacing was kept constant over the entire temperature range by suitable compensation of differential thermal expansion effects in the test cell. Low density (0.919 g/cm3) polyethylene was used for this study. The results show a marked decrease of the breakdown strength as a function of temperature between room temperature and the crystalline melting temperature, Tm. Above Tm the breakdown strength appears to be only weakly dependent on temperature. The results are analyzed with the help of Weibull statistics. The temperature dependence of the breakdown strength is discussed in the light of Artbauer's theory of free volume breakdown.


Formation, emission, and lasing properties of strain-free InP(As)/AlInAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded in AlInAs microdisk (MD) cavity were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. In MD structures, the QDs have the nano-pan-cake shape with the height of ∼2 nm, the lateral size of 20–50 nm, and the density of ∼5 × 109 cm−2. Their emission observed at ∼940 nm revealed strong temperature quenching, which points to exciton decomposition. It also showed unexpected type-I character, indicating In-As intermixing as confirmed by band structure calculations. We observed lasing of InP(As) QD excitons into whispering gallery modes in MD having the diameter of ∼3.2 μm and providing a free spectral range of ∼27 nm and quality factors up to Q∼13 000. Threshold of ∼50 W/cm2 and spontaneous emission coupling coefficient of ∼0.2 were measured for this MD-QD system.


In this review article I engage with the various hypotheses, ideas and arguments set forth in the book by John H. Walton and D. Brent Sandy entitled The Lost World of Scripture: Ancient Literary Culture and Biblical Authority. This book discusses the key concept of biblical authority in relation to the realities of ancient oral and scribal culture and how a variety of circumstantial factors may have influenced the composition and transmission of the set of canonical books that are regarded as "inspired Scripture" by many Christians today. While finding much that I value and would affirm in this significant study, there are a number of conceptions and assertions that I question or disagree with. After pointing out such areas of dispute, I propose the reasons for my challenges and offer alternative interpretations of the scriptural texts and extra-biblical data that is available to us. The Lost World of Scripture is a timely, thought-provoking, and very scholarly study that explores the crucial interface between the prominent oral-scribal cultures of the Ancient Near East and the composition of Scripture, with special reference to the subject of biblical reliability and authority. The book begins with a Preface and an Introduction; it ends with three helpful indices—of names, subjects, and scripture texts referenced. In between, the major exposition, argumentation, and exemplification of the authors' thesis is presented in the form of 21 "propositions," that is, "succinct statements of what each chapter seeks to accomplish" (10; all page references are to the book under review unless stated otherwise). The 21 sequentially developed propositions are organized into four major groupings: "The Old Testament World of Composition and Communication" (1-4); "The New Testament World of Composition and Communication" (5-13); "The Biblical World of Literary Genres" (14-17); and "Concluding Affirmations on the Origin and Authority of Scripture" (18-21). Parts one and two each end with a concluding section "Stepping Back and Summing Up," while the book as a whole ends with 1 Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2013; 320 pages, paperback, $12.50. Walton and Sandy are professors at Wheaton College in the Old Testament and New Testament respectively, and both have authored a number of books in their academic fields from a broadly Evangelical perspective. This book was awarded the "2014 Readers' Choice Awards Honorable Mention" and "Preaching's Preacher's Guide to the Best Reference for 2014 (Hermeneutics)." American Journal of Arts and Humanities Review Article Volume 1, Number 1, 2016 American Scholarly Research Association B10 www.ASRAresearch.org "Faithful Conclusions for Virtuous Readers." Walton is primarily responsible for chapters that focus on the Old Testament, while Sandy developed the material on issues relating to the New Testament. The authors seek to engage with a broad audience of university-seminary students and teachers, especially those who "have a high view of Scripture... [and] hold to inerrancy" (10). However, the book is "not an apologetic defense of biblical authority," but was written to "clarify how best to understand the Bible" and to "help insiders be better prepared to interact with outsiders" (10). The "lost world" of the book's title has reference to what the authors view as "a lost culture that had a significant effect on how the Bible was written" (9)—namely, an oral and scribal milieu that was much different from the print-oriented and digital culture of today. Their aim is thus to reveal how this great cultural disparity influences our current understanding of "how both the Old and New Testaments were spoken, written, and passed on, especially with an eye to possible implications for the Bible's inspiration and authority," with special reference to possible "misappropriation of the term inerrancy" (9). With respect to its composition and transmission, the authors feel that "there's a considerable 'lostness' in [understanding?] how the Bible came into being," which leads to their central assertion: "Much of what was eventually written was first revealed in oral forms" (13). Key issues of debate then concern the term "eventually"—that is, how long a period is envisioned, and what was happening with the text in-between its initial oral expression and subsequent scribal recording? "For example, we find God speaking to Jeremiah for twenty-three years, and after all those years and sermons only then telling him to write out what he had been preaching" (13; cf. 152). This apparently refers to Jeremiah 36:2, where the LORD commands the prophet to write down all his prophecies concerning Judah and the nations, a directive that Jeremiah immediately carried out via dictation to his scribe, Baruch (36:4). However, this passage could also be interpreted as referring to the composition of some sort of a comprehensive or cumulative document consisting of various intermediately produced texts, not necessarily all of which were oral. In fact, the non-chronological ordering of the prophecies of the book of Jeremiah might even suggest that many of the constituent units were existing texts that had already been written down, either by Baruch or by the prophet-priest himself, who was certainly literate (cf. 29:1, 30:2). The preceding example simply illustrates that certain aspects of the data or evidence provided by Walton and Sandy (W&S) may be open to another interpretation, one that offers a somewhat different perspective on the activities of composing, saving (whether by memory and/or in 2 The seemingly strange reference to "virtuous readers" depends on the discussion of this expression under proposition 21 (287). 3 The present reviewer would also consider himself to be a member of this primary audience. Although the authors affirm "the summary of the 1978 Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy," the progressively expounded argument of their book seems to deconstruct point 4 of this Statement: "Being wholly and verbally God-given, Scripture is without error or fault in its teaching, no less in what it states about God's acts in creation, about the events of world history, and about its own literary origins, than in its witness to God's saving grace in individual lives" (14; emphasis added). 4 Reference to a contemporary prophetic word (about Babylon) that was apparently written down prior to its oral proclamation is found in Jeremiah 51:60; here, the written form is emphasized by its destruction (v. 63). Another OT example suggesting that texts were available in written form consider-ably earlier than the time frame envisioned by W&S is Joshua 23:6, which already less than a generation after the death of Moses refers to "all that is written in the book of the Law of Moses" (cf. Job 19:23). American Journal of Arts and Humanities Review Article Volume 1, Number 1, 2016 American Scholarly Research Association B11 www.ASRAresearch.org writing), and transmitting the various texts of Old and New Testament Scripture. The Lost World of Scripture is certainly a thoroughly researched, well-written, very informative study, and it indeed offers many important insights regarding the crucial relationships that existed between culture and communication in the Ancient Near Eastern World and hence also the process of biblical text formation. However, I occasionally found myself wondering whether the arguments being presented were the only way in which the available evidence could be understood and applied to the interrelated notions of inspiration, inerrancy, and authority as these pertain to the constituent words of Scripture. In the following overview of the book, therefore, I have chosen not simply to reflect upon the many significant points that arise from Walton and Sandy's 21 propositions, each of which are cited. Readers are encouraged to glean this valuable information for themselves by reading the book in its entirety (it is inexpensively priced). Rather, I will focus my discussion on some of the principal areas where I disagree with or question their stated interpretation, at the same time offering an alternative perspective for consideration. P(roposition) 1: "Ancient Near Eastern Societies Were Hearing Dominant and Had Nothing Comparable to Authors and Books as We Know Them" (17, original italics). The preeminence of oral-aural communication within ancient cultures is a fundamental observation, and its implications are well-documented throughout the rest of the book. One wonders, however, whether a misleading implication might be conveyed by such a blanket statement—namely, that the notion of "authorship" was completely missing in these oral-oriented societies. Certainly, the possibility of a person sitting down in his study to write a "book" (on whatever substance available) was unknown, but were there no oral text "composers" in those days—orators, rhetors, call them what you will? Texts, long or short, formal or informal, were typically articulated aloud even while they were being written down, either by oneself or using a scribe, in more—or less—finished form. So could such text producers not be referred to as "authors" despite the fact that they were not composing a full-length "book"? This issue of what constitutes authorship recurs a number of times throughout The Lost World of Scripture, especially in connection with the "books" of the Old Testament, for example, with reference to "Moses" (33). In this "world of hearing dominance" (19), it is further alleged that "orality and textuality compete with each other as different modes of authority" (20, original emphasis). But was it always, or even at any time, a matter of "competition"—could there not also be some measure, at least, of complementation, for example, during the early stages of a given scripture text's formation and in relation to its "authority"? A similar categorical assertion claims that "Authority was not connected to a document but to the pers


Biomass is increasingly considered as an important resource for alternative fuels whose use unlike fossil fuels (coal and fuel oil), does not increase atmospheric carbon dioxide content. Biomass may be utilized either by direct combustion or by transformation into fluid product. TGA has frequently been employed in the kinetic study of the thermal degradation of biomass materials. In this work, we have studied the thermo gravimetric analysis of the groundnut cake at 20 0 C/min, 25 0 C/min in the air and 25 0 C/min in the N2 atmosphere and determine the kinetic parameter (activation energy) by using thermogravimetric curves. The activation energy of the pyrolysis of groundnut de-oiled cake was found out to be in lower range thus enabling it to be used as a blend for easy pyrolysis of materials with higher activation energy.


Corn steep liquor markedly inhibited the growth of the grass, alfalfa, as previously reported. The active principles from corn steep liquor were isolated. From the acidic fraction of corn steep liquor, white needles and yellow needles were isolated. The compound of white needles, which inhibited the germination of alfalfa seeds at the concentrations above 500ppm, was found to be identical with ferulic acid known as germination inhibitor of plant seeds. The compound of yellow needles did not inhibit the germination of alfalfa seeds, but stimulated the growth of the plant. It has a structure related to β-acid which has been isolated from rice-bran and has been identified as 2, 6-dihydroxycinchoninic acid. This active substance is a new quinoline, 2, 8-dihydroxycinchoninic acid and was named zeanic acid.


In a number of European countries, renewable energy installations, especially wind turbines, are supported by paying high prices for their electricity. A survey of pricing practice should not be limited to an international comparison of price levels, however The terms under which prices are fixed are important criteria for the assessment of costs and cost effectiveness of wind power projects. The conditions for electricity supply by independent wind power operators in Western Europe are therefore surveyed here. A comparison of the price levels is also shown.


Abstract : The program of the four-day symposium, 'Cultivation of Marine Organisms and Its Importance for Marine Biology,' held at the Biological Institute, Helgoland, West Germany, Sept. 9-12, 1969, is reported. Some 250 scientists attended to hear 75 papers which covered both basic and applied aspects of cultivating fish, crustaceans, molluscs, lower invertebrates, plants and a variety of microorganisms. Two informal sessions, Fish Farming and Cultivation of Phytoplankton Populations, were also held to discuss the present state of knowledge and to define areas requiring further study both for scientific purposes and to allow commercial development of marine organisms. (Author)


U.S. women graduate from high school at higher rates than U.S. men, but the female-male educational advantage is larger, and has increased by more, among black students and students of low socioeconomic status (SES) than among white and high-SES students. The authors explore why boys fare worse than girls in low-SES households—both behaviorally and educationally—by exploiting matched birth certificates, health, disciplinary, academic, and high school graduation records for more than 1 million children born in Florida between 1992 and 2002. They account for unobserved family heterogeneity by contrasting outcomes of opposite-sex siblings linked to birth mothers by using administrative records. Relative to their sisters, boys born to low-education and unmarried mothers, raised in low-income neighborhoods, and enrolled at poor-quality public schools have a higher incidence of truancy and behavioral problems throughout elementary and middle school, exhibit higher rates of behavioral and cognitive disability, perform worse on standardized tests, are less likely to graduate high school, and are more likely to commit serious crimes as juveniles. The authors argue that the family disadvantage gradient in the gender gap is a causal effect of the postnatal environment: Family disadvantage has no relationship with the sibling gender gap in neonatal health, measured by birth weight, APGAR scores (a test given right after birth to quickly assess a baby's health), prenatal-care adequacy, congenital anomalies, maternal health, and labor and delivery complications. Although family disadvantage is strongly correlated with schools and neighborhood quality, the SES gradient in the sibling gender gap is almost as large within schools and neighborhoods as it is between them. A surprising implication of these findings is that, relative to white siblings, black boys fare worse than their sisters in significant part because black children—both boys and girls—are raised in more disadvantaged family environments. Acknowledgments: We thank Josh Angrist, Marianne Bertrand, John Ham, Louis Kaplow, Mikael Lindahl, Jeremy Majerovitz, Richard Murnane, Jessica Pan, Kjell Salvanes, Till von Wachter, and numerous seminar participants at the NBER Education Program, CESifo Program on the Economics of Education, MIT, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Miami University, National University of Singapore, Queens University, Simon Fraser University, University of Quebec at Montreal, University of Toronto, Uppsala University, Washington University in Saint Louis, and the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation 60th Anniversary Conference on Inequality and Health for valuable suggestions that helped to improve the paper. Autor acknowledges support from the Russell Sage Foundation (Grant #85-12-07). Figlio and Roth acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Institute of Education Sciences (CALDER grant), and Figlio acknowledges support from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Wasserman acknowledges support from the NSF Graduation Research Fellowship and the National Institute on Aging, Grant Number T32AG000186. We are grateful to the Florida Departments of Education and Health for providing the de-identified, matched data used in this analysis. The conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not represent the positions of the Florida Departments of Education and Health or those of our funders.


A multidisciplinary approach is demonstrated to elucidate coal weathering at a molecular level. Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (FT-IR/PAS) provides a technique for a compositional depth profile of coal by simply varying the modulation frequency (mirror velocity) of the light impinging upon the solid surface. In order that the potential of this technique in this field could be evaluated, large-sized coal samples were examined. The PA difference spectra obtained from the spectra taken at different modulation frequencies (i.e., different depths), on a sample aged in air, demonstrate the appearance of negative features in the CH infrared absorption which are indicative of a coal alteration. Therefore, different coal layers can be distinguished by FT-IR/PAS. The application of the same technique to the study of a coal sample heated in air at 200°C allows the detection of different oxidation mechanisms operating inside and outside the coal. Although quantitative results are difficult to obtain, the technique can be successfully proposed for a qualitative description of coal weathering.


The role of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) in fabrication graphene oxide besides as intercalant has not been well addressed. In this work, Raman spectroscopy is used to monitor structural evolution in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene chemically oxidized by dilute H2SO4. From the analysis of Raman spectra of oxidized graphene, we propose that oxidation first initiates at preexisting defects, and vacancy-like defects are formed. Following is the radial growth of the vacancy, and oxidation pits appear in graphene. This assumption is further confirmed by atomic force microscope measurement. It is also found that with increase of amounts of defects, G peak is blue shift, and this is explained by defect and hole doping effect. Hole doping in graphene is much stronger at hexagon regions near the oxidation pits. This work helps in understanding the role of H2SO4 in fabrication graphene oxide as oxidizer as well as helps in obtaining structure information of graphene oxide. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Using an expression for the virtual cycle of components of the moduli space of stable maps to the orbifold [C/Z_r] in terms of twisted theory over BZ_r, we derive tautological relations in the Chow ring of Mbar_{g,n}(BZ_r, 0). These push forward to yield tautological relations on Mbar_{g,n}. We also prove that the quantum cohomology of [C/Z_r] is generically semisimple, which, in light of recent results of Pandharipande-Pixton-Zvonkine, may yield another strategy for computing tautological relations.


FIELD: instrument making. SUBSTANCE: in a method of exciting a resonator which has a resonant frequency, resonator in a first slot is excited at a first frequency which is different from resonant frequency by first frequency difference. During second time interval, resonator is excited with a second frequency which is different from resonant frequency by second frequency difference. First frequency difference and second frequency difference have different signs. EFFECT: also, value of first frequency difference and second frequency difference differ by less than 10 % of greater value. 27 cl, 5 dwg


1 Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana State 2 Professor and Head, Department of Anaesthesiology, Government Medical College and Superspeciality Hospital, Nagpur, M.S.India Abstract Post poliomyelitis syndrome is a disorder related to the recurrence of neuromuscular symptoms in survivors of paralytic poliomyelitis. These patients are extremely sensitive to anaesthetic drugs, intolerant to cold, and often present with respiratory dysfunction. They also show a high prevalence of dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease subsequent to which they are being frequently posted for elective and emergency cardiac procedures. Anesthetic management of these cases requires great caution, as delayed emergence and respiratory complications have been reported in these cases. We report and discuss anaesthetic management of two cases of PPS which were operated for CABG in our institute.


There is no other way to succeed in many ways except to do more business. That is what happens to studentathletes who study at Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE). They must perform optimally as athletes, as well as success in learning to achieve maximum academic achievement. For this reason, instructors must provide learning services that enable students to continue to conduct a series of training centers without having to leave the academic learning process. In order for learning service formulas to be in accordance with student-athlete learning needs, it is necessary to analyze student-athlete learning needs. This research is included in the type of descriptive research which explains the learning needs of student-athletes in participating in the academic process as students as well as concentration training as an athlete. Student needs were revealed using a closed and open questionnaire. A total of 14 students-athletes became subjects who thoroughly completed the questionnaire. The results of the study showed that students-athletes felt heavy carrying out two roles simultaneously without gaining easy access in both of them. The conclusion obtained is that student-athletes expect lectures to be conducted by combining distance learning (online) and face-to-face. Blended-learning is an option in providing the right service for students-athletes to be able to follow the academic process on campus while conducting training camps as athletes. Keywords— learning need assessment, lecture, studentathlete, and blended-learning


Shows Taylor's two-storeyed mission house seen across a field.
See Richard Taylor Sketchbook, E-296-q-055-3 for a similar view
Other Titles - New Zealand
Inscriptions: In K. A. Webster's hand: "by Rev. Richd Taylor"
Quantity: 1 drawing(s).
Physical Description: Ink, 177 x 110 mm
Provenance: Purchased: Geo. Legges Esq.


Summary Self-employed people are substantially more satisfied with their work than the employed. We document this relationship for a large number of countries and investigate why the self-employed are happier with their jobs. The results indicate that differences in material outcomes, like higher pay or a lower number of working hours, as well as potential differences in personality cannot account for the observed job satisfaction differences. Rather, the higher job satisfaction among the self-employed can be directly attributed to the greater independence and autonomy they enjoy. "Being your own boss" seems to provide non-pecuniary benefits from work that point to the existence of "procedural utility": autonomy is valued beyond outcomes as a good decision-making procedure. Implications of the results for economic theory and economic policy are discussed.


AbstractThis study proposes a new methodology for selecting a near-optimal configuration of wastewater system components considering the uncertainty in water consumption and population spatial dist...


Image compression has got wide variety of techniques. Among them Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) algorithm is one of the efficient and simpler techniques in the compression field. The basic SPIHT technique has got two main limitations; one of its limitations is in the memory space and other in the speed of the process. To overcome these limitations, listless SPIHT algorithm has been improved, and a Stripe logic based parallel SPIHT (SPS) technique is implemented in this work that uses three passes with no lists in order to reduce required memory space and to enhance the processing speed. A test bench is developed in Verilog so that the design can be functionally verified using ModelSim software. Initially a MATLAB code has been written in order to obtain text file from the image and then the images are first compressed using Haar wavelet transform (HWT) where the image is decomposed into sub-images. After completing the Haar wavelet process another entropy coding technique known as Stripe logic based parallel SPIHT has been applied where it disintegrates a picture into block of stripes and encodes each and every bit in a bit-plane of that block of stripe simultaneously. The proposed method provides better performance parameters such as Efficiency, Compression Ratio, MSE and PSNR values for medical images. IndexTerms Haar Wavelet Transform (HWT), Stripe logic, SPIHT, Compression Ratio and PSNR ________________________________________________________________________________________________________


This paper presents the adaptive design of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) control scheme for synchronous generators that is capable of providing satisfactory voltage control performance in the presence of unknown variations of the power system operating conditions. The design is articulated in four steps: voltage and current phasor estimation, estimation of the parameters of the Thevenin equivalent circuit adopted to represent the power system response using a steady-state model, determination of the sampled-data transfer function of the system, and AVR design developed according to discrete-time techniques. A suitable procedure is described to derive the sampled-data transfer function of the system starting from models of the power system, synchronous generator, and exciter. The obtained transfer function depends on the estimated parameters yielded by a recursive least-squares algorithm subject to constraints deriving from the Thevenin circuit. The AVR design is based on the pole-assignment technique while the phasors estimation is performed by two Kalman filters. Finally, the results of accurate numerical simulations conducted for a test network are reported, comparing the performance of the proposed adaptive control scheme to the one of a PID controller with fixed parameters.


Centre Manifold analysis of a 3-D nonlinear system with general second order nonlinearities have been worked out. The system is shown to possess two fixed points on the reduced 2-D centre manifold. By introducing a 2-D centre manifold one can show how an oscillatory dynamics may be generated in the system. We also state and prove a theorem to find the stability of the resultant centre manifold equation apriori from the parity of the nonlinear terms in the original equations. For a 2-D nonlinear model with the example picked up from biochemistry, the protein molecules in assembly, kinetic stability analysis is provided for the chosen example and establish herewith the validity of the theorem for our chosen example.


The spread of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR and XDR) requires the search and implementation of not only new diagnostic methods, but also innovations in the treatment of the disease. Aim. The assessment of current treatment options for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in different countries. Materials and Methods. There was carried out the content analysis of the official sources of 24 countries concerning the drugs that had been registered at these countries and recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and put into circulation from 2000 to 2020: linezolid, bedaquiline, delamanid, clofazimine (as of 07.2020). The data were compared with the characteristics of the epidemiological situation in the country. Results. There was developed a six-digit classification by the following criteria: the presence of international nonproprietary names for drugs; the availability and range of dosage forms; the number of drugs subject to all dosage forms, dosages, pharmaceutical forms and units of packaging; the presence in the domestic market of the original product; the time of registration of drugs in the specified territory; the level of multi-drug resistance of the pathogen in the country per 100,000 population. Among the countries with the highest market coverage with a low (up to 0.5 per 100 thousand) level of multidrug resistance, a large share falls on European countries. As for a number of African States, there may be a threat of spreading the disease taking into account the epidemiological situation for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and with only linezolid registered. The list of countries with a level of the same indicator above 15 per 100,000 population includes Russia and Namibia with radically different market characteristics. If Russia possesses the entire available range of medicines with the number of nomenclature items above 200, then Namibia has no more than 10 linezolid preparations registered only in tablet form. The main supplier of innovative products in the field of tuberculosis control is the Asia-Pacific region. Сonclusion. It is defined that the characteristics of the drug market differ significantly depending on the economic development of states and are determined by the indicator of the disease burden. Success in the tuberculosis control is impossible without the active development of the pharmaceutical industry and the replenishment of the market with innovative products.


The teaching of Computer Basics in vocational colleges is not in close connection with the students' specialty. Some contents of the course need to be cancelled and some need to be supplemented according to the real needs. In classroom teaching, the practicing should be varied, students' ability should be reinforced, and the students from different specialties should master the knowledge that would serve the following-up courses.


Abstract Matrices M ( n ), one for each positive integer n , arise in the theory of Birkhoff-Lewis equations for chromatic polynomials. Students of those equations think it would be helpful to have a formula for the determinant of M ( n ). Finding that determinant is the main object of this paper. It has been conjectured that the determinant is a product of a power of the colour-variable λ and powers of certain polynomials in λ, those called "Beraha polynomials" by combinatorialists. That would explain the observed occurrences of Beraha polynomials in the solutions of the Birkhoff-Lewis equations for small values of n . The formula obtained in this paper verifies the conjecture. This paper is closely connected with work done by R.Dahab, D. H. Younger, and the present author on partial solutions of the Birkhoff- Lewis equations. The first two computed det M ( n ) up to n = 6, and so made the above-mentioned conjecture seem plausible.


Abstract Field experiments with irrigated "Merlot" vines were carried out at 3 sites in the Mount Lofty Ranges of South Australia over 3 years to examine the effects of molybdenum (Mo) foliar sprays on bunch yield, berry size, and nutrient composition of petioles. Bunches were divided into different size grades for black and green berries. Basal petioles were sampled at flowering and veraison for nutrient analyses. In year 3, seed number per berry was assessed at sites 2 and 3. Two Mo foliar sprays (each spray contained 118 g Mo as sodium molybdate/ha in 410–800 L/ha of water) applied before flowering increased yield per vine and bunch weight in all experiments in year 2 and at site 3 in year 3. Yield responses ranged from 221% at site 1 to 750% at site 2 in year 2 and 70% for site 3, year 3. Average bunch weight increased from 243% at site 2 to 425% at site 1 for year 2 and by 69% at site 3 in year 3, and was the main yield component affected by Mo application. In year 1, the application of Mo did not affect yield or bunch weight at any site. In year 2, the application of Mo increased the yield of 5–15 mm colored berries by 301, 499, and 258% at sites 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and by 70% at site 3, year 3. Mo application increased the percent of berries, which had one or more functional seeds (when assessed at sites 2 and 3 in year 3). Molybdenum concentrations in petioles sampled at flowering and veraison increased in response to applied Mo in all years. Petiolar Mo concentrations in unsprayed vines were consistently higher in year 1 compared with other years. The effect of applied Mo on the concentration of other nutrients in basal petioles sampled at flowering and veraison were small and of little practical importance. Nitrate-N did not accumulate in the petioles of unsprayed plants in any year. Changes in petiolar Mo concentrations between flowering and veraison were dependent on supply. Nitrate-N, total-N, and phosphorus (P) concentrations declined with time, while calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) tended to increase. At flowering, Mo concentrations in basal petioles of 0.05–0.09 mg/kg were associated with significant bunch yield response to applied Mo. Molybdenum deficiency can be a major factor in the occurrence of berry development disorders such as shot berry formation and hens and chickens (millerandage) in "Merlot" grapevines. The increased percent of colored berries with one or more functional seeds and the decrease in the proportion of green berries suggests that Mo application affected pollination and/or fertilization, and thereafter berry development.


The ARTEMIS mission will be the first to navigate to and perform stationkeeping operations around the Earth-Moon L1 and L2 Lagrangian points. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has previous mission experience flying in the Sun-Earth L1 (SOHO, ACE, WIND, ISEE-3) and L2 regimes (WMAP) and have maintained these spacecraft in libration point orbits by performing regular orbit stationkeeping maneuvers. The ARTEMIS mission will build on these experiences, but stationkeeping in Earth-Moon libration orbits presents new challenges since the libration point orbit period is on the order of two weeks rather than six months. As a result, stationkeeping maneuvers to maintain the Lissajous orbit will need to be performed frequently, and the orbit determination solutions between maneuvers will need to be quite accurate. The ARTEMIS mission is a collaborative effort between NASA GSFC, the University of California at Berkeley (UCB), and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The ARTEMIS mission is part of the THEMIS extended mission. ARTEMIS comprises two of the five THEMIS spacecraft that will be maneuvered from near-Earth orbits into lunar libration orbits using a sequence of designed orbital maneuvers and Moon & Earth gravity assists. In July 2009, a series of orbit-raising maneuvers began the proper orbit phasing of the two spacecraft for the first lunar flybys. Over subsequent months, additional propulsive maneuvers and gravity assists will be performed to move each spacecraft though the Sun-Earth weak stability regions and eventually into Earth-Moon libration point orbits. We will present the overall orbit designs for the two ARTEMIS spacecraft and provide analysis results of the 3/4-body dynamics, and the sensitivities of the trajectory design to both maneuver errors and orbit determination errors. We will present results from the initial orbit-raising maneuvers.


Desktop grids is an important class of distributed computing infrastructures (DCIs) used for solving complex scientific problems. The inherent complexity of DCIs and used technologies limit the wide adoption of distributed computing in practice. Everest is a web-based distributed computing platform that uses service-oriented approach and cloud computing models to solve this problem. This paper discusses the possible approaches for integration of Everest and BOINC-based desktop grids and presents the current prototype implementation. The proposed integration enables Everest users to seamlessly access computing resources of desktop grids and build generic or domain-specific web services for submission and automation of computations in desktop grids.


Analysis of flood susceptibility based on raster operation method by using Geographic information System is focused on evaluating flood hazard by using GIS approach and analysis flood parameters that deal with field survey. Cempaga Catchment which is located on Kotawaringin Timur Regency and Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan Province is part of Mentaya Catchment. Flood parameters used are slope, vegetation coverage, soil, drainage systems, and rainfall data. Raster operation is applied to achieve flood area susceptibility. There are several results that can be achieved from this research namely exploration flood susceptibility map and flood susceptibility map. Society information is needed to create a tentative map. It is functioned as explorative map to identify flood prone area. GIS technique is used to determine flood prone area both explorative map and susceptibility flood map. Binary and Ranking/Rating concepts are applied to determine flood susceptibility. Binary concept deals with two level of prone area such as secure and danger. It refers to society information and rapid assessment to categorize a flood level. Ranking and Rating method are dealing with value of each parameter which are causing flood. scoring is also applied to determine prone area. Parameters which are influencing flood susceptibility on Cempaga catchment are soil (Entisols), topography (slope below 2 %), geomorphology (close to fluvial processes: fluvial plain), landuse (agriculture and bush), and rainfall.


Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a recently developed method for working through traumatic memories and related psychological problems. Recent literature reviews find strong support for EMDR's value in trauma therapy. The first studies using EMDR with children and adolescents yield similar findings. A case is presented to illustrate the procedure as used in clinical practice. EMDR appears to be a promising new resource for helping children and adolescents recover from trauma and loss.


The tension of the interface between the high and low temperature phases of finite temperature Quantum Chromodynamics is an important characteristic of the quarkhadron phase transition. We discuss its cosmological effects and its determination, for planar and spherical interfaces, with lattice Monte Carlo techniques for the case of pure glue, Nt=2 SU(3) gauge theory.


In this work, a practical approach for a decision support system for the electric arc furnace (EAF) is presented, with real-time heat state monitoring and control set-point optimization, which has been developed within the EU-funded project REVaMP and applied at the EAF of Sidenor in Basauri, Spain. The system consists of a dynamic process model based on energy and mass balances, including thermodynamic calculations for the most important metallurgical reactions, with particular focus on the modelling of the dephosphorisation reaction, as this is a critical parameter for production of high-quality steel grades along the EAF process route. A statistical scrap characterization tool is used to estimate the scrap properties, which are critical for reliable process performance and accurate online process control. The underlying process models and control functions were validated on the basis of historical production and measurement data of a large number of heats produced at the Sidenor plant. The online implementation of the model facilitates the accurate monitoring of the process behaviour and can be applied for exact process end-point control regarding melt temperature as well as oxygen, carbon and phosphorus content. Embedded within a model predictive control concept, the model can provide useful advice to the operator to adjust the relevant set-points for energy and resource-efficient process control.


The authors investigates changes in the extent to which young U.S. adults return home to live after leaving home. "Our objective [is] to analyze the institutional and personal-historical determinants of returning behavior so that we may assess whether the phenomenon is temporary or likely to lead to enduring changes in the role incumbencies." (EXCERPT)


Scenarios of future urban expansion are expected to be plausible: they must be diverse to reflect future uncertainty, yet realistic in their depiction of urban expansion processes. We investigated the plausibility of scenarios derived from a novel data-driven simulation approach. In a Turing-like test, experts completed a quiz in which they were asked to identify the map showing true urban expansion amidst three model-generated scenarios. Across diverse expansion patterns, ranging from compact to dispersed, the experts had no significant ability to identify the true pattern. The results support the hypothesis that the investigated scenarios are plausible and hence that cluster analysis of estimated dynamic models is a viable method for producing scenarios of future urban expansion.


Five new species of the leaf chafer genus Mimela Kirby, 1823 are described from China: M. prodigiosa Zhao, new species, M. semirubra Zhao, new species, M. varichroma Zhao, new species and M. admixta Zhao, new species from Yunnan as well as M. latimarginata Zhao, new species from Hainan. New faunistic and taxonomic information on species from China and adjacent countries are provided. Type material of M. sericea Ohaus, 1905 and M. soror Arrow, 1908 is illustrated for the first time.


Relative viability of pollen of Hemerocallis L. sort of the Far East representatives is determined by the technique of sprouting on artificial environments, optimum conditions for its gathering, and also nutrient environments solutions concentration and catalysts for different kinds of pollen sprouting are revealed. Efficiency of the cryopre-servation technique for long-term pollen grains storage and further use in the hybridization experiments is checked


This article contains a brief description of the scientific biography of the first Noble Prize laureate in the area of Neurosciences, I.P. Pavlov. Special attention is paid to the concept of neurism, which infused Pavlov's research on circulation, digestion, and higher nervous activity. The sources of Pavlov's interest in studying psychological processes and phases of "hard intellectual struggle" in the development of a new chapter of physiology are traced to their beginnings.


22 Filled: 22 Filed Oct. 17, 1997 A process for regenerating spent clay which includes: (1) an 51) Int. Cl. ............................. B01J 20/34; B01J 38/02; extraction Stage wherein an organic Solvent or mixture of B01J 38/56; B01J 38/60 organic Solvents are thoroughly mixed with the spent clay 52 U.S. Cl. ................................. 502/27; 502/29; 502/31; thus separating the entrained oil from the spent clay, (2) a 502/56 reactivation Stage wherein the oil-free spent clay is treated 58 Field of Search .................................. 50222, 27, 29, with acid, and (3) a thermal polishing step wherein the 502/31, 56 acid-treated, Solvent-extracted spent clay is heated at a high temperature from about 500 degrees F to about 1400 degrees 56) References Cited F for approximately one minute to five hours, preferably 10 minutes to 4 hours. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS


Meta-learning is a framework in which machine learning models train over a set of datasets in order to produce predictions on new datasets at test time. Probabilistic meta-learning has received an abundance of attention from the research community in recent years, but a problem shared by many existing probabilistic meta-models is that they require a very large number of datasets in order to produce high-quality predictions with well-calibrated uncertainty estimates. In many applications, however, such quantities of data are simply not available. In this dissertation we present a significantly more data-efficient approach to probabilistic meta-learning through per-datapoint amortisation of inference in Bayesian neural networks, introducing the Amortised Pseudo-Observation Variational Inference Bayesian Neural Network (APOVI-BNN). First, we show that the approximate posteriors obtained under our amortised scheme are of similar or better quality to those obtained through traditional variational inference, despite the fact that the amortised inference is performed in a single forward pass. We then discuss how the APOVI-BNN may be viewed as a new member of the neural process family, motivating the use of neural process training objectives for potentially better predictive performance on complex problems as a result. Finally, we assess the predictive performance of the APOVI-BNN against other probabilistic meta-models in both a one-dimensional regression problem and in a significantly more complex image completion setting. In both cases, when the amount of training data is limited, our model is the best in its class.


Objective In this study, DC-glioma fusion cells ( FC) were prepared by the fusion of primary human glioma cells and the DC derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the same patients. And in vitro anti-glioma activity of T cells induced by FC was investigated. Methods The FC were prepared in the presence of polyethylene glycol, the proliferation capacity of patients'T cells in vitro stimulated by FC was evaluated by autologous mixed leukocyte reaction. The cytotoxicity against autologous glioma cells of the patients'T cells primed with the FC was also assessed by lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) assay. Results The prepared FC existing both glioma and DC markers was confirmed by fluorescence dual staining . The patient's T cells primed with irradiated (1. 5 Gy) FC induced a remarkable glioma killing than the T cells primed with DC or autologous glioma cells (P 0.01), and the cytolytic effects were increased from 28% to 90% as the effector-target ratio increased. While the cytolytic effect of irradiated FC primed T cells to MCF7 was only about 10% , which was significantly lower than that to glioma(P 0. 01). When stimulated, the FC primed T cells showed remarkable high proliferation compared with DC or autologous glioma cells primed T cells ( P 0. 05 ) , and those primed T cells stimulated with autologous DC loaded with glioma lysate showed significantly enhanced proliferation compared with those stimulated with autologous glioma cells or DC alone(P 0. 01). Conclusions The irradiated (1.5 Gy) FC prepared in this protocol could effectively prime patients'T cells, and the primed T cells could be proliferation in vitro as stimulated with autologous DC loaded with glioma lysate. The primed T cells showed a specific tumor cytolysis, and the killing activities could be enhanced as the effector-target ratio increased.


Recent work on the post-apartheid city has paid little attention to how people grapple with new opportunities for urban living. This article explores the ways in which housing provision precipitated complex moral reasoning and social reorganisation among impoverished residents of a Cape Town shantytown as they attempted to actualise their ideals of respectability. These ideals overlapped with those of the state and planners associated with the housing project, but also differed in significant respects. For residents, ordentlikheid (decency, respectability) is concerned with appearances and with cementing reciprocal relationships, while for bureaucrats, respectability is an individual characteristic, fostered and manifested via education, responsibility and appearances. Tracing out the relationship between material conditions and ideational constructs, this article argues that, at certain moments, ongoing processes crystallise discursive forms and material practices in ways that draw attention to the grounds of their making and simultaneously make clear their unfinished nature.


Article is devoted to topical issues of relationship between Russia and EU countries in the crisis period. We consider the influence of sanctions and countersanctions on development of fuel and energy complex and to the particular oil companies, on the existing and perspective projects, on slate and shelf projects. The efficiency of purchase schemes of the equipment for shelf works in the case of replacing the European and American equipment is estimated. We analyze possibility to diversify export streams and to enter into the markets of the Asia-Pacific region, and to enter into partnership with BRICS countries. The export of energy resources (such as oil, oil products, brown and fossil coal, natural gas and liquefied natural gas) from Russia to other countries in recent years, its dynamics, and losses of the largest oil Russian companies, and the quotas of OPEC on total production are estimated. Also we consider dynamics of price reduction to oil and the consequences for economy and the budget in Russia.


To examine the internal flow effect (IFE) on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a flexible marine riser in the subcritical internal flow region, the cross-flow (CF) VIV of the riser with single-phase internal flows is investigated employing a semi-empirical hydrodynamic force model. The governing equation can be established based on Hamilton Principle and solved by finite element method. A MATLAB code has been developed and it has been validated for IFE and VIV respectively. The numerical simulations of a flexible riser are carried out with different internal flow velocities and internal flow densities. The IFE on CF VIV is investigated by analyzing the dominant mode, dominant frequency and displacement response of the riser. It has demonstrated that with the increase of internal flow velocity and density, (1) the dominant mode of VIV can transfer to a higher order, accompanied by a jump increase of the dominant frequency; (2) the increase or decrease of the root mean square displacement of VIV depends on whether the dominant frequency approaches or departs from the vortex shedding frequency; (3) the travelling wave characteristics of VIV can be enhanced.


Submitted for the MAR09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Free energy landscapes of short polyproline peptides in vacuo and solvated environments MAHMOUD MORADI, CHRISTOPHER ROLAND, VOLODYMYR BABIN, CELESTE SAGUI, CHiPS and Department of Physics, North Carolina State University — Polyproline peptides are known to occur in two different conformations, including right-handed PPI and left-handed PPII. Depending on the solvated environment and the peptide length, either PPI or PPII is favored. Specifically, we calculated the free energy landscapes of short polyproline peptides (length 6, 9, 13-mers) in vacuo, in implicit water, and in the solvents hexane and propanol as a function of the radius of gyration and handedness. To calculate the free energies, the recently developed Adaptively Biased Molecular Dynamics (ABMD) method, which belongs to the general category of umbrella sampling methods with a time-dependent potential, was used. Mahmoud Moradi CHiPS and Department of Physics, North Carolina State University Date submitted: 03 Dec 2008 Electronic form version 1.4


Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgetown University, 2009.; Includes bibliographical
 references. An enduring aim of psychologists is to understand and explain regularities in
 human thoughts, feelings and actions. Since the founding of the discipline in the 19th
 century, two explanatory frameworks have co-existed, the causal scientific model and the
 normative scientific model. The causal model explains regularities by referring to
 cause-effect mechanisms, while the normative model explains regularities in terms of human
 action that is oriented to culturally normative ways of being. Central to a normative
 scientific explanation of patterned behavior is the recognition that people act in accordance
 with the meanings they give to phenomena; hence the way people ascribe meaning to phenomena
 become a central object of study. In this dissertation I adopt a normative scientific
 perspective to explore social inequalities, specifically economic inequalities. Most
 psychological research on this topic seeks the causes of social inequalities and neglects
 people's meaning-making activities and their orientation to normative systems. In two
 empirical studies I examine how people use language to give meaning to everyday practices in
 ways that negotiate power between economically unequal groups. The first study is based on
 field work in Caracas, Venezuela and uses the concepts of interpretative repertoires (Potter
 & Wetherell, 1987) and carriers (Moghaddam, 2002) and tools of discourse analysis to
 detail how a culturally-valued practice (beauty) becomes a site where the meaning of social
 class categories is contested such that debate about income inequalities is sidelined. The
 second study adopts Positioning Theory (Moghaddam, Harr©♭, & Lee, 2008) and examines
 how power is negotiated in interpersonal relationships between people of widely differing
 economic means (nannies and their employers in an affluent neighborhood in Washington, D.C.)
 through the storylines they invoke. These studies combine to show how the ways of distributing
 power that people take for granted as independently existing truths (in the form of
 conventional storylines or interpretative repertoires) are cultural phenomena that are
 sustained through the normative activities of intentional human actors. Acquiring this
 knowledge is a first step towards a more open and critical dialogue about how we want to deal
 with social and economic inequalities.


Curcuma longa is a medicinal plant extensively used in ayurveda, unani and siddtha medicine as a home remedy to treat various diseases.[1] In old Hindu medicine it was extensively used for the treatment of sprain and swelling caused by injury.[2] Turmeric is native to the monsoon forests of South East Asia. It is perennial herb, 1 M tall with underground rhizomes. The chemical composition of turmeric rhizome consists of protein (6.3%), fat (5.1%), minerals (3.5%), carbohydrate (69.4%), moisture (13.1%) and curcumin (C21H20O6, 50-60%). [3-6] Curcumin is very useful in joint related concerns, liver protection, lowering cholesterol, as a digestive support, controlling obesity, induces the flow of bile, as anti-inflammatory agent, skin complaints, circulatory disorders as well as tumors in the uterus and menstrual problems.[7-9] In Chinese Medicine it is used for chest, stomach and periodic pain, removing stagnation, lifting both depression and mania, while relaxing the gall bladder and to treat jaundice and gall stones.[10] It has good antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, protecting DNA from cigarette smoke hazards.[11]


THIS paper is an attempt to examine group guidance, on the part of one who is not a specialist in that area, to view group guidance in some perspective, to rationalize our thinking about its techniques, and to assess its contribution to and its place in the total program of guidance services. The extremely diverse and incohesive literature was difficult to assimilate and to synthesize. What follows is therefore definitely one man's attempt to organize a chaotic field; it is sure to prove incomplete and inadequate in many ways.