ABSTRACT When the external load exceeds the ultimate strength of hull girder, the load-carrying capacity is not completely lost due to the supporting and constraint between structure members. It is also determined by the post-ultimate strength behaviour, and the collapse severity needs to be studied to evaluate the consequence of collapse. An analytic approach is presented in this paper to analyse the factors influencing the collapse severity of hull girder under extreme wave load. The equations of motion of hull girder are derived for an external moment unloading in different ranges of the generalised moment-curvature relationship so as to predict the corresponding final severity of collapse. The severity is also analysed from the energy point of view to investigate the influence of the capacity drop on the severity. The complete post-ultimate strength behaviour of hull girder revealed in this study provides a reference for structure safety design of ship hull girders.


To ascertain whether the development of dendritic cells (DC) in mouse lymphoid organs is dependent on granulocyte/macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), we determined the number of DC in the thymus, spleen and lymph nodes of normal mice, of mice with the genes coding for GM‐CSF or its receptor inactivated, and of transgenic mice with excessive levels of GM‐CSF. DC were extracted from the tissues and enriched prior to flow cytometric analysis. The total DC level and the incidence of DC expressing lymphoid‐related markers (CD8hiCD11blo) and myeloid‐related markers (CD8loCD11bhi) were monitored. Both in GM‐CSF null mice, and GM‐CSF receptor null mice, DC of all surface phenotypes were present in all lymphoid organs; only small decreases in DC levels were recorded, except for the lymph nodes of GM‐CSF receptor null mice which showed a more pronounced (threefold) decrease in DC numbers. Since the GM‐CSF receptor null mice lacked the β chain common to the GM‐CSF, interleukin (IL)‐3 and IL‐5 receptors, the development of DC in the absence of GM‐CSF was not due to common β chain mediated developmental signals elicited by IL‐3 or IL‐5. In GM‐CSF transgenic mice, there was only a 50 % increase in DC numbers in thymus and spleen, paralleling an increase in overall cellularity, but a more pronounced (threefold) increase in DC numbers in lymph nodes. There was no evidence that GM‐CSF had a selective effect on any particular DC subpopulation defined by CD8 or CD11b expression. We conclude that the development of most lymphoid tissue DC can proceed in the absence of GM‐CSF, although this cytokine can produce some elevation of DC levels. It is not clear whether the enhancing effect of GM‐CSF is direct or an indirect effect mediated by other cytokines.


The paper took Guang'an City in Sichuan Province of China as a research region, and it built an evaluation index system based on 14 evaluation indices according to four criteria, namely, ecological background, ecological structure, ecological benefits, and ecological stress. The Delphi algorithm and entropy weight (a combination of subjective and objective methods) were used to calculate the weight value of each evaluation index, and an ideal point model was used to calculate the ideal point value. The ideal point ecological grade was classified, and the principal component analysis method was used to obtain the main control factors of each year, which revealed the relationship between the ecological distribution of ideal points and the environmental impact factor, with the changing characteristics of the ecology in the research region according to the hotspot model of the spatial differentiation of land ecological quality as the main control factor. Lastly, the paper also analyzed the land ecological quality of Guang'an City in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. The study results show that the overall land ecological quality in Guang'an City generally increased from 2005 to 2015. The proportion of forest land area and the temperature were the most important main control factors. The air temperature and the land ecological quality were positively correlated.


Clostridium botulinum typeE toxin was purified inthreechromatography steps.Toxinextracted fromcells was concentrated byprecipitation anddissolving ina smallvolumeofcitrate buffer. When theextract was chromatographed on DEAE-Sephadex without RNaseor protamine treatment, thefirst protein peakhadmost ofthetoxin butlittle nucleic acid. Whenthetoxic pool was applied toa carboxymethyl Sepharose column,toxin was recovered inthefirst protein peakinitsbimolecular complexform.Thefinal chromatography stepat4°C on a DEAE-Sephacel columnata slightly alkaline pH purified thetoxin(Mr,145,000) byseparating the nontoxic protein fromthecomplex. Atleast 1.5mg ofpure toxin was obtained fromeachliter ofculture, and thetoxicity was 6 x 10750% lethal doses per mg ofprotein. Thesevalues are significantly higherthanthose previously reported. Clostridium botulinum typeEtoxin ispurified asanintact protein withanMr slightly below150,000. Ithasa low specific toxicity thatisincreased uptoahundred ormore times bytrypsinization. Although themolecular change may notberesponsible fortheactivation oftoxicity, trypsinization cleaves apeptide bondsothatthemolecule, without detectably changing insize, becomes atwo-subunit entity in whichthelarger subunit iscovalently joined bydisulfide linkage tothesmaller subunit, whichisaboutone-half the size ofthelarger subunit. Thetrypsinized typeE toxin has thegeneral molecular characteristics oftheother botulinum toxin typesthatareactivated byanendogenous enzyme(s) (11). Purification oftypeE toxin, first reported in1969(7), starts withextracts madefromvegetative cells (6). The nucleic acid, whichinterferes inthesucceeding steps, is removed, andtheresulting nucleic acid-free preparation is processed toobtain thetoxin, whichisnoncovalently associated witha nontoxic protein ofaboutthesamesize (bimolecular complex orM progenitor toxin). Thetoxin is thenpurified byremoving thenontoxic protein byionexchange chromatography ataslightly alkaline pH. Otherlaboratories havenotrecovered completely pure toxin withthisoriginal protocol anduseadditional treatments. Themodifications makeitpossible torecover preparations ofadesired purity (4,15), buttheaddedsteps make purification cumbersomeandlowertheyield. Highperformance ion-exchange chromatography (10)simplifies purification, butthespecial equipment isnotyetavailable to mostlaboratories. Thepresent communication reports asimple purification protocol ofthree chromatographic treatments that recovers homogeneous toxin preparations inyields atleast equal to thebestpreviously reported yields.


This article is considering optimization procedures of compression of topology graph restrictions. The existing methods of create of graphs limitations and they drawbacks are considering. A new, more efficient, algorithm for constructing graph restrictions are proposed.


A prototype talker direction finder (TDF) algorithm has been developed that will rapidly locate a new talker (within 200–400 ms) or track a moving one. For most room configurations, the algorithm has an inaccuracy mean of less than 10° of azimuthal angle and a standard deviation of 7°. The TDF provides full room, 360° coverage. A prototype where the TDF physically rotates a camera toward the talker has demonstrated the TDF's robustness in difficult (i.e., realistic) noisy and reverberant environments. The physical inputs to the TDF are three small and inexpensive omnidirectional microphone elements that are all placed within a 1‐in. circle, allowing inconspicuous design into a consumer product. Three μ‐law codecs provide Inputs to the digital signal processor where the TDF's new least‐mean‐squares‐type adaptive algorithm resides. The overall system design is summarized, including preprocessing to reduce the effects of noise and reverberation. The adaptive algorithm, which employs redundant ''pattern matching'' to six cardioid acoustic pickup beams formed from the three microphone element inputs, is then presented. The TDF can provide enhanced solutions for teleconferencing and speakerphone acoustic systems. The algorithm could be used to provide directional information to steer an ''adaptive beamformer'' for advanced audio pickup applications.


By combining fuel injection into two groups and using transient compensatory fuel injection, Toyota engineers have increased the driveability of a 4-valve, 4-cylinder engine at low and medium speeds. Today's gasoline engines must provide both high power and good fuel economy, thus 4-valve engines are becoming increasingly common. However, when a 2-valve unit is modified to a 4-valve configuration, response at low and medium engine speeds generally deteriorates, although output at high engine speeds increases. Manufacturers must, therefore, improve throttle response when developing 4-valve engines. One way to obtain good response across their engine speed range is to use recent electronic fuel injection (EFI) developments to accommodate their unique induction system characteristics.


Taylor and Francis Ltd GCJR7307.sgm 10.1080/1028258042000266059 Contempora y Ju tice Review 28-2580 (pri t)/1469-33 6 (online) Original A ticle 2 04 & F ncis L d 730 000Septe ber 20 4 There is an Alternative: Subsistence and Worldwide Resistance to Corporate Globalization VERONIKA BENNHOLDT-THOMSEN, NICHOLAS FARACLAS, & CLAUDIA VON WERLHOF (Eds.) London and New York, Zed Books, 2001 240 pp, $25.00 (paper)


This letter introduces a novel approach using support vector regression (SVR) for sensitivity modeling of gallium nitride (GaN) metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)–high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). By combining experimental and simulation results, the SVR-based model is developed to predict sensitivities. The fabricated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs incorporate a graded transition scheme, a 1-nm AlN spacer, 2-nm GaN cap layer, and 10-nm Al2O3 as the gate dielectric/sensing layer. To train the model, feature matrices are prepared using pH sensing results from 32 device dimensional variants. The trained model is then used to predict sensitivities for other device dimensions, allowing for device design optimization and exploration of the design space. Among the five considered kernels (linear, cubic, fine Gaussian, medium Gaussian, and coarse Gaussian), the quadratic-kernel-based SVR demonstrates the best performance, yielding a root mean square (RMS) error of 0.1767 and a standard deviation of 0.0654.


Activated Factor Xa ( FXa ) is a serine protease that has a key role in the coagulation cascade by converting prothrombin to thrombin, contributing to the following clot formation. Because of its role to the coagulation cascade, FXa is an important target for anticoagulant therapy emphasizing in drugs that directly inhibit its action. Apart from the role it plays in thrombosis, new evidence suggests the involvement of FXa in cellular mechanisms that mediate physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including inflammation and atherosclerosis. These non-haemostatic functions of FXa are predominantly mediated via the activation of Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs). Specifically, FXa exerts direct effects on a wide variety of cell types via activation of its two main receptors, PAR-1 and PAR-2, acting as a mediator of cellular responses that are associated with various inflammatory diseases. This review examines the non-haemostatic functions of FXa that are mediated via PARs activation, and its contribution to the pathophysiology of thromboembolic disorders. Furthermore, pleiotropic effects of rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant that targets FXa, related to atherosclerosis, inflammation and platelet activation are examined. Ο  παράγοντας Xa ( F actor Xa , FXa ) eίναι μία σeρινοπρωτeάση που διαδραματίζeι σημαντικό ρόλο στον καταρράκτη της πήξης μeτατρέποντας την προθρομβίνη σe θρομβίνη, συμβάλλοντας στον eπακόλουθο σχηματισμό του θρόμβου. Eξαιτίας του ρόλου που διαδραματίζeι στην πήξη ο FXa αποτeλeί έναν σημαντικό στόχο της αντιπηκτικής θeραπeίας, μe ιδιαίτeρη έμφαση στα φάρμακα που αναστέλλουν άμeσα τη δράση του. Eκτός όμως από το ρόλο του στη θρόμβωση, όλο και πeρισσότeρα δeδομένα υποστηρίζουν τη συμμeτοχή του FXa σe κυτταρικούς μηχανισμούς που σχeτίζονται μe πληθώρα φυσιολογικών και παθοφυσιολογικών οντοτήτων, συμπeριλαμβανομένης της φλeγμονής και της αθηροσκλήρωσης. Αυτές οι μη αιμοστατικές δράσeις του FXa διαμeσολαβούνται από τους υποδοχeίς που eνeργοποιούνται από πρωτeάσeς ( P rotease A ctivated R eceptor s , PARs ). Συγκeκριμένα, φαίνeται ότι ο FXa eπιδρά σe διάφορους τύπους κυττάρων διαμέσου της eνeργοποίησης των υποδοχέων PAR-1 και PAR-2, αποτeλώντας μeσολαβητή κυτταρικών αποκρίσeων που σχeτίζονται μe ποικιλία φλeγμονωδών νοσημάτων. Στην παρούσα ανασκόπηση αναλύονται οι μη αιμοστατικές δράσeις του FXa διαμέσου της eνeργοποίησης των PARs και η συμβολή του στην παθοφυσιολογία των θρομβοeμβολικών παθήσeων. Eπιπλέον, eξeτάζονται οι πλeιοτροπικές δράσeις του από του στόματος χορηγούμeνου άμeσου αναστολέα του FXa, rivaroxaban, στην αθηροσκλήρωση, τη φλeγμονή καθώς και την αιμοπeταλιακή eνeργοποίηση.


"The Ancient Sage",written by Alfred Tennyson,is based on the life and work of Lau-Tsze,the famous ancient Chinese philosopher.Tennyson himself regards "The Ancient Sage",in which the ancient sage or the seer refers to Lau-Tsze, as one of his best later poems.Tennyson's acceptance and envisioning of LauTsze,are shown in four aspects in the poem,namely,"City-Deserting","Tao and its Comprehension","Futile Life" and "Way Out".And the influence of his acceptance and envisioning of Lau-Tsze is Western cultural tradition,for example,Pantheism and Doomsday Complex.In addition,what dominates Tennyson's acceptance and envisioning of Lau-Tsze is "sense of nativeness".


Using the framework of Rogers's (1995) Diffusion of Innovation Theory, the purpose of the study is to examine the use of web-based instruction and faculty perceptions of webbased instruction in a Thai university, Prince of Songkla University (PSU). In this study, interviews with seven participants were used as the primary method to collect data.Meanwhile, other sources of data including course documents analysis, web pages on Course Management System (CMS) observations, and face-to-face classroom observations were used. The findings of this study revealed that at PSU, a blended learning approach was used in web-based instruction. Seven participants held an optimistic view towards the practice ofweb-based learning as a supplementary tool to enhance a traditional mode of teaching and learning. Web-based instruction benefited faculty members, students, and the university. The results of the study showed that four attributes of innovation—relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and observability—accelerated the rate of web-based instruction use. Another attribute, complexity, is negatively related to the rate of adoption in that if technology is difficult to understand and use, it will be refused. However, from the findings,CMS, which was used for web-based instruction, was not complex to use. Thus, faculty members did adopt CMS as a part of teaching and learning. These five basic characteristics of innovation were interwoven throughout the teaching and learning process. The participants were concerned about the workload and time demand for nonadopters, infrastructure, and students' access and familiarity with computers and web-based instruction. Moreover, they suggested that ongoing workshop training, support staff, and a Technology Unit were also needed.


Pages 8, 38, 70, 116 and 120 have no body of text in the hardcopy. All are end pages of sections with a title at the top.


Tumor necrosis factor α and β are polypeptide cytokines with a wide range of metabolic, immunologic, and inflammatory activities. TNF is known to participate in immune meditated injury of native lungs, but a role for TNF in mediating lung allograft rejection (AR) has not been established. In experiments reported here, we assessed the role of TNF in mediating lung AR in a rat model of lung transplantation (BN→Lew) (RT1n→WRT11). This model shows florid AR with all grafts completely destroyed by day 6 posttransplant. Graft pathology is characterized by massive lymphocytic infiltrates and hemorrhagic necrosis. Initially, 5 lung allograft recipients in each group were sacrificed on days 1 to 6 post-transplant. Allografts were removed, mRNA isolated, and Northern blotting or RT-PCR performed with blots probed with cDNAs or oligos specific for rat TNF-α cyclophylin and γ-actin. Data were compared with syngeneic transplants (Lew→Lew) and with normal controls. In addition, frozen lung allograft tissue was examined by indirect immunofluorescence, using antibodies specific for TNF. TNF-α mRNA levels were detectable on day 2 posttransplant, and peaked on days 6–7 posttransplant. IF studies snowed TNF protein expression in mononuclear cells of rejecting allografts on day 3, peaking on day 6. Both TNF-α mRNA and protein levels correlated with maximal AR and hemorrhagic necrosis of grafts. Minimal TNF-α mRNA or protein was detected in syngeneic grafts or in contralateral native lungs. We than examined the ability of a rabbit polyclonal anti-TNF-α (7000 U/day) and anti-TNF-β (5000 U/day) with 30% crossreactivity with rat TNF to modify the AR response. For each group, 4–5 left lung transplants were performed as described, and animals treated with anti-TNF-α, anti-TNF-β, (anti-TNF-α + anti-TNF-β) or with preimmune rabbit sera. All animals were sacrificed on day 6 posttransplant. Several pathological categories of inflammation were examined and scored (0–4), with a score of 0=0% involvement; 1=1–25% involvement; 2=26–50% involvement; 3=51–75% involvement; and 4=76–100% involvement. The mean and SD scores were obtained for all animals in the treatment categories mentioned above, and compared with preimmune—treated controls. Briefly, no differences in perivascular, peribronchial, or peribronchiolar cell infiltrates or edema were seen in treatment groups compared with controls. However, profound differences were seen in scores for vasculitis (1.6±0.5 vs. 3±0), (P< 0.0001), necrosis (0±0 vs. 3.0±0.71) (P<0.00001), and interalveolar hemorrhage (0.6±0.5 vs. 3.5±0.71) (P< 0.00001) in the (anti-TNF-α + anti-TNF-β) treatment group compared with preimmune controls. Both anti-TNF-α and anti-TNF-β treatment groups showed ameliorative effects on hemorrhagic necrosis and vasculitis, but not to the degree seen with the combination of both antibodies. These data suggest that TNF-α and β are important mediators of lung AR in the rat. Although the intensity of cellular infiltration was not affected by anti-TNF therapy, there were profound reductions in vasculitis and hemorrhagic necrosis of the grafts.


This research is aimed to find out the influence of current ratio, debt to equity ratio, and return on assets toward price earning ratio. The independent variables in the research are current ratio, debt to equity ratio, and return on assets, whereas the dependent variable is price earning ratio. The sample selection in this research using convenience sampling method and got 6 companies as sample. The research data is obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange, The method used in this research is panel data regression analysis and it is found that the more appropriate model used is common effect. The result showed that current ratio and debt to equity ratio variable has negative and significant effect on the price earning ratio, however return on assets variable have negative and significant effect to price earning ratio.
Keyword: Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Return On Assets, Price Eraning Ratio

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh current ratio, debt to
equity ratio, dan return on assets terhadap price earning ratio pada perusahaan
yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sub sektor konstruksi dan bangunan tahun
2012-2017. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah cureent ratio, debt to
equuity, dan return on assets, sedangkan variabel dependen nya adalah price
earning ratio. Pemilihan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode
sample jenuh dan di dapatkan 6 perusahaan sebagai sample. Data penelitian
diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
adalah regresi data panel dan didaptkan bahwa model yang lebih tepat digunakan
adalah common effect. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa current ratio
berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan, debt to equity ratio berpengaruh negatif
dan tidak signifikan terhadap price earning ratio, dan return on assets
berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap price earning ratio.
Kata kunci: Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Return On Assets, Price
EraningRatio


Analysis of interspecific cell hybrids formed by the fusion of mammalian somatic cells has proved useful for gene mapping and gene linkage studies. Hybrids formed from established rodent cell lines and human cells preferentially segregate human chromosomes and thus provide a means for human gene mapping (Kucherlapati & Ruddle, 1975). For several years hybrid cells have been used to study the genes involved in expression and inducibility of the microsoma1 mixed function oxygenase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH). This enzyme is responsible for activating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons before detoxification and excretion from our bodies. These compounds are present in our environment as a result of incomplete combustion of organic fuels and are a major component of cigarette smoke (Guerin. 1978). Some of the activated metabolites produced by A H H are now known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic and the level of basal and induced A H H in our cells is considered to be a major factor in the incidence of lung cancer (Pelkonen & Nebert. 1982; Kellermann ct al., 1978). Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase is a cytochrome-P-450containing enzyme system and is highly substrate inducible in most mammalian tissues and cells in culture (Nebert & Gelboin, 1969). Its inducibility was monitored in human x mouse hybrid cells and a gene(s) was identified as necessary for induction. This gene was originally located on human chromosome 2 and has been sublocalized (Brown ct al., 1976: Ocraft v t ul.. 1985). Using a specific gene probe, a structural gene for a specific cytochrome P-450 involved in A H H activity has been identified on human chromosome 15 (Hildebrande c't al., 1985). The discordance between these results may reflect the fact that the gene necessary for induction in the hybrid cells is a receptor gene rather than the structural gene. In the mouse, genes coding for structural and receptor genes have been located on different chromosomes (Simmons ct al., 1985; Legraverend Pt al., 1984). In this study we have initiated work to determine whether a human receptor protein gene is present on chromosome 2. Binding proteins specific for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BP) have been detected in mouse and rat cytosols (Okey & Vella, 1982). We have used


Purpose. To make a comparative analysis of MRT and USE efficiency when revealing pathology of the elements of the knee for its injuries.
Materials and Methods. Ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance tomography performed in 85 patients at the age of 14-62 years with the knee element injuries. A comparative analysis of USE and MRT data versus arthroscopy results made in order to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the techniques.
Results. The results demonstrated high percentage of combined injuries of the knee structures (40%) among the subjects examined. USE procedure found to be rather efficient for the diagnostics of isolated injuries of the medial meniscus, while it was little efficient for revealing the injuries of cruciate ligaments, and combined injuries of intraarticular structures. In this case MRT procedure is more informative because it allows rather perfect visualization of both isolated and combined injuries in the acute period of trauma.
Conclusion. As the data have shown, it's necessary to make comprehensive examination in order to reveal pathological changes in the structural elements of the knee injured, as well as to select the tactics of further treatment.


The strains around the eye during the blink are measured for four human subjects to investigate the relationship between the wrinkle formation with aging and the strains by daily motion. In addition, the moisture content, the flexibility and the elasticity of the skin surface are measured for investigating the condition of the skin surface. For observing the wrinkle formed on the facial skin, the replicas of the skin surfaces are also collected. Results show that the relationship between the wrinkle and the strain distribution at the inner corner of the eye is different from that at the corner of the eye. The results indicate that different methods for the corner of the eye and the inner corner of the eye are required for avoiding the wrinkle formation.


Upgrading of low biodegradable waste activated sludge (WAS) accomplished through supplement the hydrolysis step with natural enzymes source. Whereas, WAS is rich in particulate fractions in terms of total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS) of 15.78, 14.92 and 12.15 g/L, respectively. Therefore, carica papaya enzymes were utilized to break down the peptide ponds in protein molecules such as papain and protease, as well as, lipases that catalyzed the degradation of lipids. The optimum mixture between papain, protease, and lipase enzymes was found to be 3: 1: 2 while the optimum enzyme concentration was 8%. This conditions was attributed to enhance the H2 productivity form WAS by 97.8%


We employ a silicon dielectric waveguide to confine and concentrate terahertz pulses, and observe that the absorption saturates under strong terahertz fields. By comparing the response between lightly-doped and intrinsic silicon waveguides, we confirm the role of hot carriers in this saturable absorption. We introduce a nonlinear dynamical model of Drude conductivity that, when incorporated into a wave propagation equation, accurately reproduces the observations and elucidates the physical mechanisms underlying this nonlinear effect. The results are numerically confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations of the Boltzmann transport equation, coupled with split-step nonlinear wave propagation.


It is well known that the Burau representation of the braid group can be used to recover the Alexander polynomial of the closure of a braid. We define $L^2$-Burau maps and use them to compute some $L^2$-Alexander torsions of links. As an application, we prove that the $L^2$-Burau maps distinguish more braids than the Burau representation.


This study examines the effect of the unemployment rate to the inflation in the city of Surabaya in 1998-2011. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the unemployment rate affect inflation and also to forecast the unemployment rate and inflation until 2020. Analysis techniques used are vector autoregressive analysis techniques (var). From the analysis it can be concluded that the unemployment rate had no significant effect on inflation in the city of Surabaya. addition to the results of analysis also showed the state of inflation for 2013 and 2014 are 7.3% and 2014 up to 2020 was 7.2%, while unemployment in the year 2013 to 2020 amounted to 8.6 to 8.8 %. Keyword: unemployment, inflation


Two methods of supercritical resist drying (SRD) using CO2 have been developed for water-rinsed resist patterns. The key to their effectiveness is the use of a surfactant. In indirect SRD, a solution of n-hexane, a CO2-philic liquid, and a surfactant, sorbitan fatty acid ether, first replaces the water, and is in turn replaced with liquid CO2 before SRD is performed. The addition of a compound with a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance to the surfactant compensates for the poor miscibility of water in a solution of n-hexane and sorbitan fatty acid ether. In direct SRD, which does not require a CO2-philic liquid, the water is replaced directly with liquid CO2 containing a surfactant, fluoroether carboxylate, which makes water miscible in CO2; and then SRD is performed. The excellent results obtained by both methods demonstrate that there is no inherent barrier to the use of SRD on water-rinsed resist patterns.


HBV infection is a global public health problem with more than 350 million persons estimated to be chronically infected with the virus and is the ninth major cause of mortality (Goldstein et al., 2005). HBV carriers" population estimated for 4 % and near about 36 million populations are HBV carriers in India . More than 70 % HBV infective patient accounted with cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis and hepatitis virus associated liver disease. In contrast to hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus may produce fulminant fatal acute hepatitis, called massive hepatic necrosis. Until routine screening of blood products for this virus was begun, hepatitis B was the most common cause of transfusionassociated hepatitis (Nguyen et al., 2009).


Objective: To assess parents' perception of the implementation of the strategy for the fortification of child food with micronutrient powders (NutriSUS). Methods: Qualitative descriptive and exploratory study conducted from August to September 2015 with 11 mothers of children enrolled in preschool programs in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and then underwent content analysis from which two thematic categories emerged: "Importance of NutriSUS" and "Schools as healthpromoting environments". Results: Parents showed to be aware of the importance/benefits of NutriSUS given the increase in child's appetite and provision of a nutritionally enriched diet. They also had a positive perception of the strategy of partnership between the school and the health center and of the school as a health-promoting environment. Conclusion: Parents' reports indicated that they understood the objective of the fortification strategy and the importance of a healthy diet in the first years of life. This knowledge contributes to improve the support for the growth and development of Brazilian children given that parents are important agents for the effectiveness of the strategy.


This paper introduces NaiDe′sprincipli of:Functional Reciprocity and illustrates with examples around there.Some practical methods are provided for people in doing translation work.


n this paper, an academic is defined as someone qualified by examination to pursue a career in research and teaching in a recognized institution of higher education. The core of the market is represented by the professional academic on the staff of an 'old' university, with a first degree and a doctorate, who works fulltime in research and teaching. Even this definition should be qualified however, since, to an increasing extent, in order to exploit sources of supplementary funding, academics are involved in work outside the university, especially in the scientific and medical categories. The core market can be expanded to include teachers in Institutions of Higher and Further Education, who may or may not have second degrees, and who may also work full-time or part-time. Academics in the universities divide their time between research and teaching, with a greater bias to research in the 'old' universities. The information requirements are clearly different for each responsibility. Staff in other educational institutions will tend to spend most of their time in teaching, and their research will be confined to the needs of their teaching, rather than pursuing original or fundamental enquiry as in the 'old' universities. According to statistics produced by the Library and Information Statistics Unit at Loughborough University, in the 1994-5 academic year there were 73,000 academic and 'academic related' staff in the 'old' universities; (according to LISU this figure will include some element of administrative staff and the net figure for academic staff given in the 1996 LISU Annual Library Statistics is 65,000). In addition, there were 51,000 staff in the 'new' universities, (the polytechnics and institutions of higher education which were re-incorporated as universities in The academic market in the UK


A wearable computer interface comprising a three dimensional (3D) range camera and a picture camera that image the user and a controller that process the images to identify the user and determine if the user is authorized to use the interface to access functionalities provided by a computer interfaced by the interface.


We study a time-independent nonlinear Schrodinger equation with an attractive inverse square potential and a nonautonomous nonlinearity whose power is the critical Sobolev exponent. The problem shares a strong resemblance with the prescribed scalar curvature problem on the standard sphere. Particular attention is paid to the blow-up possibilities, i.e. the critical points at infinity of the corresponding variational problem. Due to the strong singularity in the potential, some new phenomenon appear. A complete existence result is obtained in dimension 4 using a detailed analysis of the gradient flow lines.


In case of invasive cervical carcinoma several molecular events were reported and these molecular events resulting in multiple genetic abnormalities. In order to control these tumors multiple molecular therapeutic targets are needed with different molecular mechanisms. Unfortunately, these molecular targets were in early stages of development. Because of less degree of success of conventional therapeutics for late stages of cervical cancer and lowering of prognosis of patients there is an increase in interest for the development of potential therapeutic targets for cervical cancer. This review article emphasizes the current molecular targeted agents; with special attention to estrogen receptors for human papilloma virus infected cervical cancer.


Effects of sulfate and sulfide on methanogenesis were examined in a sulfate-poor anaerobic sludge that had been acclimated with glucose as a carbon source for more than 3 years. Bacterial sulfide production occurred immediately when sulfate was added into the sludge. High density of sulfidogens (1010-1011 cells per g VSS) should inhabit in the sludge. At the same time methanogenesis was inhibited and the maximum inhibition was 53% of the initial methanogenesis at 0.6mM of sulfate. Up to 3mM of sulfide stimulated the methanogenesis, but more than 5mM of sulfide inhibited markedly the methanogenesis. These results show that high density of sulfidogens maintained by their fermentation from substrates under sulfate-poor environments and inhibited partially methanogenesis under sulfate-rich environment because of sulfidogens's predominant utilization of competitive substrates between sulfidogens and methanogens.


The service oriented ad hoc networks are consolidated with network service providers and service requestors. This kind of network doesn't like to have malicious nodes which may collude to maximize their own gain and even monopoly service. Trust calculation for finding malicious service requestor as well as service providers are much complicated. The trust management suffers from several attacks and issues such as bad mouthing attack, self promotion, ballot stuffing and opportunistic service attacks etc., This paper provides the survey of various techniques and methods involved with the trust calculation and multi objective optimization in service oriented ad hoc networks.


With respect to multiple attribute clustering analysis problems with linguistic assessment information,a new maximal tree clustering analysis method is proposed.In the method,based on the traditional ideas of maximal tree clustering method,the dyadic semantic representation is used to process the linguistic assessment information,and the clustering objects are classified.The method has the characteristics of clear conception,simple calculation steps and exact information processing.Finally,a numerical example is given to illustrate the applicability of the proposed clustering method.


Rural residential land consolidation should not only play an important role in improving living conditions in rural areas,promote new rural construction and other aspects of urban and rural development,but also make contributions in vernacular architecture and cultural heritage protection. In this paper,the meaning of modern villages and traditional villages has been studied. Traditional villages can be divided into general traditional villages and special traditional villages. Present condition of traditional villages protection has been analyzed,protection contents of traditional villages in rural residential land consolidation have been put forward. According to different types of villages,the corresponding sorting direction and mode have been put forward as well.


Five C70(CF3)14 isomers have been isolated chromatographically from the mixture produced in the ampoule reaction between C70 and CF3I at 390 °C. Molecular structures of four isomers have been determined in a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. A quantum chemical survey of the theoretically possible isomers demonstrated that the structures obtained are energetically favorable but that there is probably no full thermodynamic control in the trifluoromethylation process.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)


.....................................................................................................53 Introduction ................................................................................................54 Materials and Methods ...............................................................................58 Results ........................................................................................................60 Discussion ..................................................................................................68 References ..................................................................................................77 x 4. TEMPERATURE INVARIANCE OF THE NITROGENASE ELECTRON TRANSFER MECHANISM ............................................................................84 Abstract ......................................................................................................84 Introduction ................................................................................................85 Materials and Methods ...............................................................................89 Results and Analysis ..................................................................................92 Discussion ................................................................................................102 References ................................................................................................105 Appendix: Supporting Information ..........................................................110 5. ELECTRON TRANSFER PRECEDES ATP HYDROLYSIS DURING NITROGENASE CATALYSIS.....................................................................123 Abstract ....................................................................................................123 Introduction ..............................................................................................124 Results ......................................................................................................127 Discussion ................................................................................................132 Materials and Methods .............................................................................140 References ................................................................................................144 6. UNCOUPLING NITROGENASE: CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF HYDRAZINE TO AMMONIA BY A MoFe PROTEIN IN THE ABSENCE OF Fe PROTEIN-ATP ...................................................................................149 Abstract ....................................................................................................149 References ................................................................................................157 7. SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS .......................................................159 Conformational Changes in Nitrogenase .................................................160 Electron Transfer Event in Nitrogenase ...................................................169 Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Fe Protein Cycle ........................................174 References ................................................................................................179 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................185...................................................................................................149 References ................................................................................................157 7. SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS .......................................................159 Conformational Changes in Nitrogenase .................................................160 Electron Transfer Event in Nitrogenase ...................................................169 Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Fe Protein Cycle ........................................174 References ................................................................................................179 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................185 CURRICULUM VITAE ............................................................................................189


Analysing on the property of CAPP PPS integration based on the CPC in the AVE,this paper proposes a improved method for evaluating and selecting AVE's companion enterprises.It also examined the feasibility of evaluating and selecting AVE's companion enterprises at this method on the basis of CPC's theory by real case and gives the references for further research on it.


The purpose of this report is to compile the data generated during the Fiscal Year (FY) 1995 annual tests and inspections performed on the Beneficial Uses Shipping System (BUSS) cask. The BUSS Cask Model R-1 is a type B shipping container used for shipment of radioactive cesium-137 and strontium-90 capsules to Waste Encapsulation and Storage Facility (WESF). The primary purpose of the BUSS Cask is to provide shielding and confinement as well as impact, puncture, and thermal protection for the capsules under both normal and accident conditions. Section 8.2 ``Maintenance and Periodic Inspection Program`` of the BUSS Cask SARP requires that the following tests and inspections be performed on an annual basis: hydrostatic pressure test; helium leak test; dye penetrant test on the trunnions and life lugs; torque test on all permanent bolts; and impact limiter inspection and weight test. In addition to compiling the generated data, this report will verify that the testing criteria identified in section 8.2 of the BUSS Cask Safety Analysis Report for Packaging (SARP) was met.


Sun-tracking millimeter-wave radiometry exploits the Sun as a beacon source by tracking it along its diurnal ecliptic. The atmospheric brightness temperature is measured by alternately pointing toward-the-Sun and off-the-Sun according to ad hoc switching strategy. By properly developing a retrieval algorithm, we can estimate the atmospheric path attenuation in all-weather conditions. The Langley method, based on elevation-scanning, is proposed to estimate the equivalent brightness temperature of the Sun, which is a critical step for precipitation extinction estimation. An application to available Sun-tracking radiometric measurements at V and W band in Rome (NY, USA) is shown, discussed and compared with the conventional technique using the clear-air approximation of the mean radiative temperature. Results show an appealing potential of Sun-tracking technique in order to exploit millimeter-wave radiometry for atmospheric retrievals even in a cloudy and rainy conditions.


Student affairs scholars have yet to explore neocolonialism. Scholars within the field rely on the foundational documents of the profession to guide policy and practice, without interrogating the widespread history of the colonial project. However, neocolonialism involves forces of domination and control through social, political, economic, and educational discourses, policies, and practices. This dissertation explores practices within one student affairs preparation classroom through a cultural historical activity theory framework (CHAT). Then, these practices are compared to standards for student affairs preparation programs to link the practices in the local classroom to the field at large. Finally, practices are deconstructed through a postcolonial lens to challenge the status quo of domination and control and offer a new understanding of preparation practices. The findings suggest that student affairs preparation instructors and leaders are complicit with the neocolonial project in higher education. The CHAT analysis resulted in a description of three cultural rules and a division of labor in the classroom. First, students participating in this study described how learning content objectively was central to their classroom experiences. Further, they described a number of ways that their behavior was controlled in the classroom. Additionally, my analysis raised questions about the students' and instructors' silence on the racial dynamics of the classroom. Finally, roles of the instructor as organizer and evaluator and the students as followers emerged. In order to be truly inclusive and welcoming to a diverse body of students in student affairs preparation, programs need to embrace multiple subjugated ways of knowing and being in the classroom and challenge the status quo of knowledge production and expected classroom behavior. This study offers a vision of a liberatory, validating student affairs


Proof of death and of survivorship entitlement to inherit payment of debts intestate succession will substitutes wills - formal validity revocation of wills wills - essential validity restraints on testmentary freedom interpretation of wills vesting taxation executry administration private international law.


The fully oxidized graphite oxide(GO) was prepared by Staudenmaier method,and single layer of graphene was obtained through the thermal expansion mechanism.The oxide degree and oxygen containing functional groups of graphite oxide had been investigated by FT-IR,TG;the microstructure of natural graphite(NG),GO and graphene had been analysed by SEM and TEM.The graphene/epoxy nanocomposites had been prepared by ultrasonic processing and mixture method.Dielectric results showed graphene could imporve dielectric constant of PVDF,and when the quality ratio of graphene got 0.25%,the permittivity of composite got to 25,which was 4 times of pure epoxy.A novel ideal of graphene's application in dielectric and preparation high charge storage density capacitor of low cost was expolred.


In this chapter the operational requirements for conducting high-altitude daylight precision bombing are examined in "Practical Bombing Probabilities." In this lecture, given at the conclusion of the ACTS Bombardment Course, Laurence Kuter examines the lessons learned from the bombing probability problems assigned during class. In doing so he reviews the detailed planning required to determine the number of bombers and bombs to assign to a target in order to be reasonably confident of success. The key factors that determine the likelihood of hitting the target are the number of aircraft flown/bombs dropped, the altitude of weapons delivery, and the accuracy of the bombsight. Kuter argues that improvement in bombsight accuracy is where the greatest gains in accuracy can be achieved.


We have investigated the role of chloroethylene carbonate (CIEC) on the formation of the solid-electrolyte interfacial film on graphite electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion cells. In situ infrared spectroelectrochemical experiments have been correlated with galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. During the first reduction of graphite in a CIEC-based electrolyte, a sloping potential plateau from 1 .7 to l .4 V vs Li/Li + appears, which we relate to the generation of CO 2 . We assume that the CO 2 generated from CIEC is an intermediate reduction product that undergoes further reactions that contribute to the formation of the protective film.


The paper probes into the significance of the legalization of synthetic decision-making of environment and development, and puts forward some constructive ideas about how to egalize the synthetic decision-making of environment and development.The Authors hope to give some advisory meanings and directive functions to how to build the legal systems in the synthetic decision-making of the environment and development.


Purpose:To evaluate its efficacy and predictability in immediate extraction sockets, this case series used demineralized bone matrix in a puttylike carrier (DBM putty) with and without mineralized bone chips. Each preparation was made from the long bones of the same tissue donor; the only excipient material was water. Material and Methods:A single failing tooth was atraumatically extracted from each study subject, and the socket was debrided. Intact sockets were grafted with DBM putty (n = 6), and sockets with buccal defects were grafted with DBM putty with bone chips (n = 6). A bovine pericardium membrane was draped over the graft site, and tension-free primary closure was obtained. After 6 months of healing, a trephine biopsy was taken from the center of each graft, and then, a dental implant was placed. Two subjects were withdrawn, and histologic data could not be obtained from 2 other patients. Results:Mean new bone fill was 40.28% for DBM putty (n = 5) and 44.60% for DBM putty with bone chips (n = 4). Conclusions:Both preparations maintained ridge dimensions and, despite ongoing bone turnover, produced adequate mineralized tissue that enabled implant placement at 6 months. This finding warrants further research.


The topic has been selected for the present study to determine suitability of marble powder (MP) in civil engineering. This will help in achieving economy in construction work as well as saving on environment degradation in term of reduced mining and less pollution. Construction and maintenance of buildings and roads involve millions of tonnes of aggregate, sand and cement. Considering the scarcity of fresh aggregate, sand and cement, in present study we replace cement with marble powder. Construction of the rigid road and heavy structure like dams is quite cost intensive. It is suggested to use marble powder in place of cement in construction of road, buildings and dams provide economy to the project. For making best use of by products, it is essential to study the suitability of these waste materials in various construction works.


The group velocity of lightning electromagnetic signals plays an important role in lightning location systems using the time difference of arrival (TDOA) method. Accurate estimation of group velocity is difficult due to the space- and time-varying properties of the Earth's ionospheric waveguide. Besides, the analytical solution of the group velocity is difficult to obtain from the classic mode theory, especially when higher-order modes, anisotropic geomagnetic background, diffuse ionosphere profile, and propagation path segmentation are all taken into consideration. To overcome these challenges, a novel numerical method is proposed in this paper to estimate the group velocity of the lightning signal during ionospheric quiet periods. The well-known Long Wavelength Propagation Capability (LWPC) code is used to model the propagation of VLF/LF radio waves. Since LWPC uses a simplified ionospheric model which is unable to describe the subtle variations of ionospheric parameters over time and space, the IRI-2016 model is incorporated into the numerical modeling process to provide more accurate ionosphere parameters. Experimental results of a VLF/LF lightning location network are demonstrated and analyzed to show the effectiveness of our method. The proposed method is also applicable when there is a sudden ionospheric disturbance as long as the parameters of the ionosphere are obtained in real time by remote sensing methods.


This paper describes two major techniques; image processing and gas vent insert and rejection control, for efficient gas vent exchange and holes detecting on the shoes mold. The key idea is to detect holes on the mold to select which holes to insert and to reject automatically guide center of hole's position. This allows us to save labor time while minimizing defective rate of PU shoes mold forming and production costs for gas vent exchange such as insertion and rejection.. Our experimental results have demonstrated that the hole's detection and gasvent exchange mechanism are more efficient and provide accurate mechanism to mitigate risks of vent injection/rejection failures.


— end of the year. The detailedtechnicalevaluationof the At preeente the SoutheastPecanIslandarea SoutheastPecanIslandgeopreeeureaquiferprospect appearsto be a promisingprospect. This area is is described. The quantitativevaluationwas identifiedon Figure1 togetherwith the other baeedon detailedgeologyconsistingof strucfourprospects. tural,isophachous,end cross-sectional mspe of the geopressuredzone. Pressure,watersalinity, The SoutheastPecanIelandProspectfe located porosity,and permeabilitydatawere obtained in the extremesouthernportioaof VermilionParish, fromwell logs. Louisiana,beingapproximately25 milessoutheouthweotof Abbevilleeand approximately6 miles The gatheredinformationwas used to chooee southeastof PecanIsland,Figure2. The prospect a locationfor e proposedexploratorywell. is surroundedby the PecanIslandFieldto the northwest,VermilionBlock16 Fieldto the southThe evaluationof thisprospectcan serve weeteand FreshWaterBayouFieldto the north, as a guidefor futureenalyeisof othergeoIt is separatedfromthesefieldoby largeregional pressuredprospects. faults. The primarysourceof dataused in the deI~RODUCTION tailedevaluationof the prospectwas electric wall logeobtainedfromthe filesof the Louisiana Stxty-threepotentialareasof intereetfor Officeof Conservation.Logs fromforty-eix the geopressurednergyresourcewere foundin a wellsdrilledin the ar~awere available. Coredata preliminarygeologicstudyof southernLouisiana.1 wataranalysesand productiontestreeultswere The geographicarea of the studyincludedall availablefroma limitednumbarof thesewells. eouthernLouisiana(southof BatonRouge)including the State-ownedoffshorearaa. The evaluationtechnique usedare besically thoea usedby the oil and gas industry. However, At present,the sixty-threepotentialareae becaueeof thenatureof the problemand the of interestare beingranked,end themost limiteddata available,theevaluationmethodology promisingproepectsare beingmappedend studied is noteworthy.Also,thismethodology can serve in much greaterdetail. A preliminaryranking indicatesthatthe betterprospectstend to lie as a guide for future analyeis of other geopressured prospacts.The followingaquiferpropertiesare in the western half of the etudyarea. The importantend havebeen evaluated: (1)Areal extent prospectsin the easter~ half of the studyarea (2)depth,(3)thicknese (4)temparature,s (5)preswere down-gradedprimarilybecaueeof poorersand development,but it is entirelypossiblethat sure,(6)porositye(7)selinitye(8)permeability, end (9)dissolvednaturalgas content. eeveralof theseprospectswill be attractive upon closerinspection. GSNSRALGEOLOGY Detailedgeologicstudieshavebein started —— on fivaproapecte.A euitablasite for a geoGeopressuredzonesin Lou%8ianaare knownto pressuredteet wellwill be eelectedwithineach occurin Tertiarysediments in the southern part of theseprospecte. It is hoped that ai test well of the State. Thie Mddle and LowerMiocenetrend willbe startedat one of theee siteebefore the xr%ages in width from50 to 70 milesnorthwardof theLouieiena coastline. The coastalarea ie Referencesand illsumrationsat end of paper. underlainby a sedimentaryeectionwhich ranges 2 RJMERVOIRSTUDY02 SOU2HEASTPECANISLANDGEOPRESSUREDWATERSANDS Cmu 7c/. n from40,000 to 60,000 feet in thickness and containsapproximately150,000cub.cmilesof sedfsaents.ThesetrendBare in end are part of the GulfCoast 8eoeycline. The porousand permeablegeoprsseuredsendsof the LowsrMiocene(Frio)are tha sendspreeentin the prospect. For the S.E.PecanIslandprospect the Friohas bean dividedintothreeetratigraphic intervals:the uppermostInterval"A";the middle Interval"B";and the lowermostInterval"C." Structuremape and totalsendieopachmaps have beenpreparedon each interval. The limiting geOlOgicfeaturesof?the prospect are Fault"A" to the northand Fault "B" to the so~th,Figure3. Thesefaulteare typicaleast-westetrtking, down to the south,normalgrowthfaulta. Several@nor faultsweremeppsd withinthe prospact,howevar, tt is hopedthattese minorfaulteare ~oneealing. Well ccntroldata indicatethe lenticular geopressuredsandsof the uppermostinterval"A" ran8efrom0' to 275' thick. The thickest developmentoccursLn the areaduet southof FaultA. Thereis no sanddevelopmentin the easternportionof the prosp~ct. Calculations indicatethatInterval"A" conta%ns164 billion cubicfeetof geopressuredsand, The middle %nterval"B" rangesfrom125'to 825' thick. Thick~etdevelopmentoccursovera largearea in the centerof the prospect. Interval"B" containe 828 billioncubicfeetof geopraesuredsand. The lowerintervalrangesin thicknessfrom 70' to 670', with the thickeetsenddevelopmentin the weeternportionof the prospect. Interval"C" contains330 b%llion cubicfastof geopreaeured send. A compositenet sandisopachmap for the:three stratigraphicintervalaA, B, and C ie shownon Figure4. The prospectcovarsan area of 67 squaremiles. The top of the geopressuredintervalMes between13,400end 14,500feetbelow sea level. The prospecthas a meximumnet sand thicknessof 1495 feet,averagesand thic?x.ess of 700 fact, end total sendvolumeof 1322billion cubicfeet. 49!!ZEKT~E~= The temperatureie essmcial to the estimationof some of the aquiferparameter. It iS also a measureof the geothermalenergypotential of the aqutfer. Bottomhole temperaturesare usuallyrecordedduringwell logging,and several loggingrunsend temperaturesare usuallyavailable in one well. It Ie a commonpracticeto assume lineartemperaturegradientwith depth,however: it is importantto recognizethat thisassumption may not be accuratein msny cases,especiallyin deepwellsdrilledthroughthe geopressured interval. It has been observedthat the bottom hole temperaturesmeasuredduringthesaruns at differentdapthaaeemto beet fit an exponential functionsuchthat e etraightlinereaultefrom a plot of the lo8ar%thmof temperatureversus depth. Ftgure 5 illustratesthe plotmade for Humble Fee #31 (Well#10 on the basemap)where eeven temperaturemeaaurementeare available. Figure6 representsthe temperaturedata collectedfron all ".,ti-?w thewells. For the S.E.PecanIslandarea the temperaturedistributionie of the !orm: T m 79 e7*7 x 10-5 D whereT is the temperaturein degreeFahrenheit end D ia the depthin feet. Figure6 indicatess temperatureof 368°Fat 20,000feet. This ie equivalentto s gradientof 1.46*F/100ft. A9J!WEBES2S The wellslyingwithinthe prospectlimits were drilledusingheavymud weightsof 17.2 to 18.1ppg (equivalento gradientsof 0.89 to 0.94 psi/foot). Very few prassuremeasurementsare availablain the geopressuredinterval. The only pressuredata availableindicatea preesuregradientof 0,88pst/ftIn the 17400-17900ft interval of HumbleFee #26 (Well#11 on the basemap). Abnormalformationpressurescan ba detected end evaluatedusingelectriclogs.2 The resistivityracordedin shaleformationsis plotted versusdepthand a trendline is thenestablished fornormalcompactionas shownon Figure7 and 8 preparedfor HumbleFee #26 and HumbleFee #31. The equatfonof the normsltrendobservedin thie geologicregion~e of the form whereR8h is the ehalereeistivity(ohm-m)and D is the depth (f&et). The normaltrendin the twowellsdisplayedthe same slope (b= 0.00007), but differentvaluesof "a'~were observed. The '08"valueeare 0.401and 0,476in HumbleFee #26 end HumbleFee #31 respectively. Interpretation of geopressured fromsuch a plot dependson the departurefromthenormal trend. The divergenceof obserwedshaleresistivity values(Reh)o,frOmthe extrapolatednormaltrend linevalue,(R8h)ndete~nes the shaleresistfvity ratio(R8h)o/(R6h)n.From Figura9 the fluid pressuregradient(FPC)correspondingto tha shale resistivityratiois found. Figure9 was plotted usingdata collectedby Hottu and Johnson*in (lverpressured ~ocene and Oligocene formationsof thesedata is forcedthroughPPG = 0.465at (R8h)o/(Reh)n = 1.0. This typeof forcedfitwas f+r~tproposed by L@ne ~d ~cpherscn,s It should be notedthatwhen sufficientpressuredatais availablein ~~ areaof interest,a specificshalu --a~.stivitY ratio-fo~ti n pressuregradientcor~:~tionshouldbe established. The obeervedshaleraeistivityin the interval 17600-17900feetof HumbleFee #26 rangesbetween 0.5 and 0.6 ohm-m, The correspondingshale resistivity ratio ie between 0.41 end 0.36. Ueing Figure9 wa obtaina formationpressuregradient rangingbetween0.81end 0.84pai/ft. Thesevalues are in closeagreementwith measuredpressure gradientsof 0.88pe%lft. Apreasure gradientcf SEW7540 Z. A. BASSIOUNI, W. J. BERNARD& J. H. WELSH ? . 0.84 to 0.S8was obtainedover the asme intervalin well HumbleFee #31. The sameprocedurewas used in all wells wheredata is available.The maximumfluidgrad.tantobservedvariedbetween0.74and 0.97 p~ilftwith an averagevalueof 0.81pal/ft. Waterealinitieawere calculatedusingconventionalwall logginginterpretation techniques. The watar reaietivitywae firstcalculatedfrom the SP log. The ealinitywae thenobtainedualng the followingcorrelation:4 ppm(NaCl)= 10X with 3.5b2-log(Rw75-0 . 123) xm—— 0,955 'here 'W75 is thewater reeistxvity at 75eF. The salinitteacalculatedfor the proepect covarada wide range(35,352-109,765 ppm)with en averagevalueof 70,000ppm. Actualwater eampleanalyeeaexhibiteda similarrange. Theeeanalysesware obtainedfromthe US Geological Surveycomputardatabank. The sidewall sempleaobtainadin the geopreasureaintervalaof HumbleFee #23,HumblaFee #26 end Simmns C-1 (welle9, 11 and 14 on the basemap),displayedporositieain the range13.230.5Z. The poroait%eaderivedfromavailableIoga usingconventionalwell logginginterpretation technique varybetween17.Send 27.4%. Combined sidewallcoreeand log deriveddata indicataden averageporositycloseto 23%. AQUIFERPERMEABILITY A recentmastertethesisat LouisianaState Universityinveetlgatedthe possibilityof de~ rivingaquiferpermeabilitiesfromelectriclogs. A correlationhas been foundto exietbetweenthe formationresistivityfactor(F)and permeability (K). Figure10 illustratesthe F-K correlation for the S.E.PecanIehnd prospect. The correlationis expressedae: Figure10 wae praparedusingcoreanalyaasraported in the geopressuredintervaleof HumbleFee #23, HumbleFee #26


The industry and commerce enterprises engaging in the field of industrialized agriculture can not only make best use of idle capital to improve the resource allocation and profits level, but also be beneficial for adjusting industrialized agriculture structure, increasing farmers income, strengthening the competition power of agricultural products. In fact, there are still some existing hindering factors, which prevent industry and commerce enterprises from transforming to industrialized agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to establish enterprise system in the country side, offer related policy supports, accelerate construction of small towns, and enhance farmers' quality.


Individuals of Plantago lanceolata and Salvia lyrata, both herbaceous perennial species, were transplanted into plots of otherwise unmanipulted vegetation. Individuals came from one of 12 half—sibships (common mother). Individuals were marked and leaf and inflorescence numbers counted at intervals for 14 mo. Consistent differences among plots, in survivorship, size, and reproduction, were found in both species, although the plots were only metres apart. Causes of this spatial variation are discussed. Evidence for genetic and genetic x environmental variation in Plantago lanceolata is suggestive but not conclusive. See full-text article at JSTOR


As society becomes increasingly interconnected, the need for sophisticated signal processing and data analysis techniques becomes increasingly apparent, particularly in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) where various sensing applications generate data at an exponential rate. In this paper, we put a forward a compressive sensing-based system to extract information from passing vehicle sounds sampled at sub-Nyquist rates for Acoustic Vehicle Detection and Identification (AVDI) applications. The obtained compressive measurements are used to detect and identify passing vehicles. Initial evaluation performed using data obtained from roads on a university campus presents an accuracy of 86.2 % with a back-end ADC sample rate of 3 kHz.


A Fibrinolytic enzyme was purified from the cultured mycelia of Lyophyllum ulmarium by ion exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration and fast protein liquid chromatography. The apparent molecular mass of purified enzyme was estimated to be 50 kDa, specific activity was 750.6 Unit/mg and the recovery was 12.5 %. The mycelia of Lyophyllum ulmarium may thus represent a potential source of new therapeutic agents to treat thrombosis.


Effect of β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) on DNA synthesis of bovine embryos was studied. Bovine 6-to 8-cell embryos derived from in vitro fertilization were cultured with 3H-thymidine in TCM-199 containing 5% FCS with or without β-ME. After 3h of culturc, 3H-thymidine incorporation was couned by liquid scintillation counter. The level of 3H-thymidine incorporation significantly increased when embryos were cultured in the medium with β-ME. These results indicate that addition of β-ME to the medium promotes DNA synthesis in bovince embryos in a short time.


This paper studied spherical pulses of solutions of the system of semilinear wave equations with the pulses focusing at a point in three space variables. It is shown that there is no nonlinear effect at leading terms of pulses, when the initial data is subcritical.


Bearingless motors areanalternative tomotors with active magnetic bearings andhavebeeninvestigated inlowand mediumspeedrange. Theaimofthisproject istointroduce bearingless motortechnology intohighspeedapplications, e.g. compressors orspecial pumps.Thedesign process andtest results ofa60000rpm,500W prototype highspeedbearingless PM motorarepresented. Motordesign isdoneusing analytical equations accompanied by finite element(FE)calculations. Measurements ontheexisting two-pole prototype verify the different design steps. Thesuccessful operation at60000rpm indicates thatthebearingless motortechnology iswellsuited for highspeedapplications.


One frequent fault in electrical machines is the stator winding breakdown. The voltage stress due to the fast switching devices in voltage source inverters often leads to a failure of the interturn isolation and as a consequence to winding short circuits. This paper describes a simulation model to investigate the influence of stator faults due to inter-turn short-circuits as well as open windings on the operation of an inverter fed induction machine. Based on the simulation results, a new method of stator fault detection is presented and analysed reference to its range of operation. This method utilises the behaviour of a current control loop which ensures symmetric stator currents even in the case of a stator fault. By evaluating the stator and the rotor equation of the induction motor the stator current space phasor can be reconstructed and compared with its actually measured value. Thus a signal can be obtained to detect machine faults. All the signals necessary to apply the proposed method to fault detection are already available in today's controlled induction motor drives. So the inverter and control electronics can be used to integrate the fault detection method into the inverter. Practical measurements are presented to verify the simulation results.


1AbstractCurved shock theory (CST) has been extended to apply to axisymmetric shocks in non-uniform flow. A general formula has been derived for the vorticity jump across a doubly curved shock in non-uniform flow. Influence coefficient forms of equations for the gradients and vorticity show the effect of changing pre-shock conditions. CST has been applied to a series of simple shock flows and to the orientation of the sonic surface at the rear face of a doubly curved shock. This orientation is significant in determining the occurrence of embedded shocks in the post-shock flow. Application of CST to curved, concave, normal shocks allowed the derivation of an explicit relationship between the shock's curvature and the length of down-shock subsonic flow. Investigations of conical flows by analysis, CFD and experiment all failed to demonstrate the existence of regular reflection of shocks at the centre line of axisymmetric flows. An analytically predicted conical shock, on the calculated streamline, does not extend all the way to the centre line but terminates in Mach reflection. It appears that the existence of an analytical Taylor-Mccoll (T-M) solution is not in itself a guarantee of the physical existence of a conical flow in all cases. The T-M equations predict the existence of an axisymmetric centered compression fan, analogous to the Prandtl-Meyer fan in planar flow. A free-standing conical shock is located downstream of the compression fan. Both features have been shown to exist by CFD as well as experiment. Busemann flow is the only flow where these wave structures can exist; it is possible to reflect an incident, centered compression as a conical shock. Discovery of an inflection point on the Busemann streamline has an important implication to spontaneous starting of Busemann intakes. Three types of flow can exist behind a doubly curved concave shock; characterized by the orientation of the sonic surface which, in turn, is determined by the pre-shock Mach number and the shock curvatures ratio. Shapes of special axial shock surfaces, with straight post shock streamlines (Crocco shocks), or vanishing streamwise pressure gradient (Thomas shocks) and shocks with specific sound reflectivity (zero, if desired), have been calculated and illustrated. Boundary layer generated noise abatement is a possibility. Local flow choking, near the leading edge, leads to shock detachment from a curved wedge with such detachment depending on freestream Mach number, the wedge2angle, the wedge curvature and the wedge length. These are new criteria for shock detachment with analogies extending to the transition from regular to Mach reflection of shock waves.%%%%1ResumeLa theorie des ondes de chocs courbees (TOCC; Curved Shock Theory) a ete generalisee aux chocs axisymetriques dans un ecoulement non uniforme. Une formule generale a ete derivee pour les sauts de vorticite a travers un choc a double courbe dans un ecoulement non uniforme. La forme coefficient d'influence des equations des gradients et de la vorticite demontrent l'effet de…


The emergence and spread of multiple-drug resistant enterococci [vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)] has been a worldwide cause of concern [1]. Different studies showed that liver transplant recipients are at increased risk for colonization and infection with these pathogens [2–6]. Other risk factors for VRE acquisition include hospital factors [location in an intensive care unit (ICU), proximity to a VRE colonized patient, extended length of stay in the hospital], antimicrobial use and host characteristics, such as the presence of a hematologic malignancy [1]. Colonization with these pathogens, predominantly of the gastrointestinal tract, usually precedes infection. Surveillance for enteric VRE colonization among liver transplant recipients and other high-risk patients may allow the early identification of colonized patients and the timely adoption of other interventions designed to prevent person-to-person transmission of VRE [1]. In Brazil, acquisition of VRE has been documented in different centers since the first isolation in this country in 1996 [7–11]. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, outbreaks of VRE occurred in different hospitals since 2000. Nevertheless, there are scarce data on the frequency of VRE colonization of high-risk patients in this area. We describe the results of surveillance for enteric colonization with VRE among patients with cirrhosis who were admitted for liver transplantation at a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This study was prospectively carried out at Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, a teaching hospital affiliated to Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. By the time this study began, VRE had not been isolated in any clinical specimen from infected patients admitted to this hospital and routine surveillance for VRE was not implemented. However, candidates for liver transplantation program were frequently admitted to other hospitals. This fact raised the concern about the possibility of nosocomial acquisition of VRE by these patients in other medical facilities. Cirrhotic patients admitted for liver transplantation between October 2000 and December 2002 were eligible for the study. Patients were included in this study only after signing an informed consent. Rectal swab specimens were collected within the first 72 h after admission for transplantation. In part of this population, follow-up rectal swab or stool specimens were collected at postoperative weeks 2, 6 and 13. Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis consisted of ampicillin plus sulbactam for 48 h. Selective bowel decontamination was not used in any case after transplantation. Additional data were collected in each case by non-structured interviews or review of medical charts. Demographic and preoperative data included: age, sex, Child-Pugh-Turcotte and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores at the time of surgery, hospital admissions and the antibiotics used within the previous 6 months, the occurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, the diagnosis of liver disease, the presence of diabetes mellitus or renal failure (defined by serum creatinine persistently above 2.5 mg percent at the time of surgery), time spent in the waiting list and invasive procedures that had been carried out before transplantation. The postoperative data variables that were assessed included the antibiotics that were used for at least 72 h, the need for hemodialysis or for a new laparotomy, the length of stay in the ICU and the total length of hospital stay. Swab and stool specimens were inoculated onto Enterococcosel agar (Becton Dickinson, Cockeysville, MD, USA) containing vancomycin (8 lg/ml). Plates were incubated at 37 C for up to 3 days. Each morphologically different colony resembling Enterococcus was further characterized by means of standard biochemical tests (bile-esculin test, salt tolerance test in 6.5% NaCl brain-heart infusion (BHI), hydrolysis of arginine), observation of motility in semisolid motility medium and pigment production on Mueller Hinton agar [12]. Vancomycin susceptibility was tested by the disc diffusion method according to National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines. This study was approved by the Institutional Research Board. Eighty-two subjects were included in the study. Forty (49%) of them were men. The median age was 51 years (interquartile range: 42–59). The most common diagnoses of liver disease were: chronic hepatitis C (n 1⁄4 33, 40%), hepatocellular carcinoma (n 1⁄4 13, 16%), primary sclerosing cholangitis (n 1⁄4 9, 11%), auto-immune hepatitis


A recent development in fracturing fluid has been the introduction of thick fluids with low pipe friction. The use of thick fluids can increase fracture conductivity by creating wider fractures, carrying larger and higher concentrations of propping agent, and improving prop distribution. This study describes the new very thick frac fluids and low formation damage fluids to improve well productivity. Well conditions which may indicate the need for the highy viscous fluids are high overburdens, low reservoir pressure, soft formations, high permeability, high temperature, rapid decline in production, rate limitations which prevent optimum design with conventional fluids, or intervals where control of frac height is needed. Proper job design is important in obtaining maximum benefit from the viscous frac fluids. The key to job design is fracture conductivity and penetration.


Labor: Studies in Working-Class History, Volume 17, Issue 3 © 2020 by Labor and Working-Class History Association Indeed, They Were Her Property bolsters the arguments of many scholars of nonelite white Southern women, from Charles Bolton and Victoria Bynum to Jacqueline Jones and others throughout the 1990s and early 2000s. Nuanced by issues of class, these historians demonstrated that even the poorest white women exercised certain forms of agency and power within slave societies — simply by being white women. JonesRogers has written a book that effectively lays to rest the debate over the many privileges, and the extent of the power, that slaveowning women enjoyed. Whether acting as slave beaters, family splitters, or labor exploiters, elite white women were not just not oppressed — they were the oppressors. They maimed, they stole, they beat, they hurt, they took, they forced, they ended relationships, and they ended lives. And they did this all while profiting wildly. Just a generation after emancipation, the daughters and granddaughters of these mistresses would come to dominate the ranks of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, propagating the "Lost Cause," spreading lies and ignorance, and stoking the flames of racial hatred and violence. Just a few generations later, such elite white women as Kirstjen Nielsen, Hope Hicks, and Ivanka Trump have taken up the banner, once again creating a violent, racist society, ripping babies from the arms of their parents, killing some, and forever wounding the others — becoming richer and more powerful in the process. As these white women continue their reign of terror, worshiping at the dual altars of Mammon and white supremacy, we can, albeit mournfully, thank Stephanie JonesRogers for reminding us that, in America, elite white women have always been in on the take.


Abstract Social environments are complex and critical to older adults' health. Older adults are vulnerable to lack of social connectedness, social engagement and social contribution. 10-43% of community-dwelling older adults suffer from social isolation and loneliness in the United States. Despite the growing evidence on the impact of social environment on older adults' health, it remains that the information about older adults' social environment and its relationships to mental/behavioral health is fragmented. The purpose of this study is to determine the state of the science on social environment components (social connectedness, social engagement, social contribution) and mental/behavioral health (depressive symptoms, anxiety, psychological well-being, substance use, mental healthcare utilization) among community-dwelling older adults (65+ years). Five databases - CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, SocINDEX - were systematically searched using PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant articles from 1990 to 2019. Eleven articles are included in this review, illustrating relationships between social environment and mental/behavioral health. The studies found that poor social connectedness, social engagement, and social contribution were significantly associated with older age, poor perceived health, depression and anxiety symptoms, poor psychological well-being, hopelessness, having multiple chronic conditions, and functional limitations. Low social connectedness was significantly related to poor utilization of mental health services. No significant association was found between social environment and substance use in older adults. The findings of this review add to the literature related to social environment being relevant to older adults' mental/behavioral health and highlight the need to further our understanding of their dynamic relationships and changes over time.


In this paper we prove that every subset of $\mathbb{F}_p^2$ meeting all $p+1$ lines passing through the origin has a zero-sum subset. This is motivated by a result of Gao, Ruzsa and Thangadurai which states that $OL(\mathbb{F}_{p}^{2})=p+OL(\mathbb{F}_{p})-1$, for sufficiently large primes $p$. Here $OL(G)$ denotes the so-called Olson constant of the additive group $G$ and represents the smallest integer such that no subset of cardinality $OL(G)$ is zero-sum-free. Our proof is in the spirit of the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz.


Thesis Work Entitled, SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO ITEM CREDIT PORTFOLIO AGENCY CREDIT UNION COOPAC CAMPESINA LOJA CITY PERIOD 2014, I efectuo order to evaluate The Internal Control System implemented by the Agency of the Cooperative, check the Application of Standards, laws and regulations credit operations to optimize economic resources, decision Making and develop the United Nations Final Report Himself Containing comments relevant conclusions and recommendations the results obtained, Promoting operational efficiency.
Give paragraph Compliance Objectives thesis work I apply techniques and Procedures own research and auditoriums, oriented special Review In its three phases: planning constituted of addressing defining of a strategy As used in developing the test using the necessary resources; Labour execution is based on Audit Program, for obtaining evidence and identification of significant findings related to the heading Examined backed Working Papers; Communication of results, including special examination report on the reasonableness of the value of the loan portfolio Presented in the Financial Statements and all documents supporting such report.
5
At the conclusion of the thesis some weaknesses in the internal control implemented in the Agency of the credit union Campesina COOPAC city of Loja, including noted, breach of the requirements of the Manual Credit to be determined time to grant them; little knowledge of manual functions and credits; sureties lack of staff; Failure to comply with the rules for debt refinancing; not present periodic reports to the Board on the credit management; and lack of segregation of duties consequently has demonstrated the lack of efficiency in the development of the financial operations of the entity, in addition it was verified whether the category examined records were recorded and are properly organized; the final report of the special examination in the comments, conclusions and recommendations to the Agency Cooperative strengthen control of their resources and contribute to achieving its goals and objectives are described presented.


LiNbO3 contour-mode resonators (CMR) have the potential to fulfill the requirement of multi-frequency wide-bandpass filters. For CMRs, the position of the inter-digitated transducer (IDT) fingers can significantly affect their performance [1], as the reflection of acoustic waves at the sharply defined mechanical boundaries cause strong interferences of these waves. In this paper, we present a model that analytically & intuitively explains the behavior of CMRs with IDT at the mechanical anti-nodes (AN) of the targeted mechanical mode vs. with IDT at the nodes (N). The model is then verified with experimental results.


Swarm intelligence (SI) is an artificial intelligence technique based on the study of cooperation behaviors of simple individuals (e.g. ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, and bees gathering honey) in various decentralized systems. The population, which consists of simple individuals, can usually solve complex tasks in nature by individuals interacting locally with one another and with their environment. Although a simple individual's behavior is primarily characterized by autonomy, distributed functioning, and self-organizing capacities, local interactions among the individuals often lead to a global optimal. Therefore, SI is a promising way to develop powerful solution methods for complex optimization problems in mechanical engineering. Recently, SI algorithms have attracted much attention of researchers and have also been applied successfully to solving optimization problems in mechanical engineering. However, for large and complex problems, SI algorithms often consume too much computation time due to the stochastic features of their searching approaches. Thus, there is a potential requirement to develop efficient algorithms that are able to find solutions under limited resources, time and money in realworld applications. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the most significant recent developments on the topics of SI and to apply SI algorithms in real-life scenarios. Contributions containing new insights and findings in this field are welcome. Papers selected for this Special Issue present new findings and insights into this field. A broad range of topics are discussed, especially in the following areas: SI algorithms for scheduling of machinery production line, mechanical parameters adjustment based on SI, application of SI algorithms in mechanical fault diagnosis and SI and mechatronics. In the paper titled ''Pareto optimal train scheduling for urban rail transit using generalized particle swarm optimization,'' W. Chu et al. established a bi-objective optimization model to study the Pareto optimal urban rail train scheduling problem. The aim of the model was to minimize the passengers' total travel time and the number of used train stocks at the same time. A Pareto-based particle swarm optimization procedure was designed to solve the model. Finally, two different scaled urban rail lines were applied to test the model and the algorithm. In the paper titled ''Estimation of vessel collision risk index based on support vector machine,'' L. Gang et al. proposed a collision risk index estimation model based on support vector machine and applied genetic algorithm to optimize the corresponding parameters. And the comparison between cross-validation-support vector machine, particle swarm optimization–support vector machine, and genetic algorithm–support vector machine models showed that genetic algorithm–support vector machine model generally provided a better performance for collision risk index estimation. In the paper titled ''Automobile chain maintenance parts delivery problem using an improved ant colony algorithm,'' J. Gao et al. solved the automobile chain maintenance parts delivery problem by transferring the multi-depot vehicle routing problem with time windows to multi-depot vehicle routing problem with the virtual central depot. Then an improved ant colony optimization with saving algorithms, mutation operation, and adaptive ant-weight strategy was proposed to solve the problem. And the computational results indicated that the proposed algorithm was effective to solve the problem. In the paper titled ''Pareto front–based multiobjective real-time traffic signal control model for intersections using particle swarm optimization algorithm,'' P. Jiao et al. proposed a Pareto front–based multi-objective traffic signal control model to obtain real-time signal parameters and evaluation indices. The objectives of the model were to minimize delay time, minimize number of stops, and maximize effective capacity. In addition, a step-by-step particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Pareto front was


The main energy diets developed and evaluated in recent decades for reproductive rabbit does are reviewed, with the emphasis on the effect of the energy source (animal fat, vegetable oil, and cereal starch) used. During gestation, energy supplementation of diets usually produces a decrease in feed intake due to energy intake regulation, but in some cases females are unable to regulate their feed intake with high-starch diets, leading to excessive energy intake. This overfeeding can cause fattening of does, sometimes related to greater pup mortality at birth. During lactation, reproductive rabbit does clearly increase their energy intake when fed with fat-enriched diets. This energy supplement is mainly utilized to increase their milk energy production (higher milk yield with a higher energy content), and higher litter growth and survival is consequently observed with fat-enriched diets. However, higher milk yield of these does is usually related to a greater negative energy balance and lower fertility values. In lactating does given cereal starch-enriched diets, primiparous rabbit does, whose voluntary intake is physically limited, usually show a higher energy intake, whereas multiparous does even decrease their energy intake. In any case, milk yield and composition of does given starch-enriched diets are not improved and may even worsen, negatively affecting litter performance and survival. However, does fed high-starch diets frequently present better energy balance during lactation as a consequence of their lower milk yield (lower lactation strain). Therefore, the addition of animal fat to the diet seems to improve the utilization of ingested energy for milk production, whereas the inclusion of higher dietary starch content can decrease the negative energy balance that reproductive rabbit does usually experience. The results obtained with vegetable oil-added diets are between those observed for animal fat- and starch-supplemented diets, showing similar milk production and litter performance but with lower body reserve depletion.


Background: The clinical manifestation of malaria has changed with more patients presenting with systemic manifestations. Malarial acute renal failure (MARF) is an emerging problem associated with high morbidity and mortality, but can be diagnosed and treated during the early stages. Objectives: To (1) describe the biochemical renal parameters among malaria patients and (2) study the association between biochemical renal parameters and plasmodium species. Method: 50 adult in-patients, who were diagnosed to be affected by malaria and utilizing the health facilities of a teaching medical college hospital in Bangalore and those who consented and satisfied the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Detailed history, general physical and systemic examination and necessary pathological, biochemical renal laboratory parameters and radiological investigations were done. Results: Among the 50 patients, 37 (74%) were males and 13 (26%) were females. Thirty seven (74%) patients were infected with P. falciparum, nine (18%) were infected with P. vivax and four (8%) had mixed infections. Twenty three (46%) patients had increased blood creatinine of more than 3mg/dL and urine output of less than 400 ml/day were classified as suffering from malaria acute renal failure (MARF) and among those with MARF 17 (73.91%) had P. falciparum infection, two (8.69%) had P. vivax infection and four (17.39%) had mixed infection. Conclusion: People infected with P. falciparum or mixed infections are at an increased risk of developing acute renal failure when compared to people infected with P. vivax. Alteration in blood urea, serum albumin and serum electrolytes are other early features suggestive of MARF.


Archives can be said to be "inanimate" if we look it from the physical side. On the other hand, archives can be said to be "a living thing" if we look it in terms of the information that is contained in. Archives can explain anywhere, anytime and any purpose, because archives have evidential value, informational value and intrinsic value. In short, archives is a source of knowledge if we look it through academic view point. Archives in relation to the Japanese occupation in Indonesia is very limited.Nowadays, the study related to the Japanese occupation in Indonesia is also decrease. However, the study about the Japanese occupation in Indonesia in the 80s was massive and varied. Nishijima Collection is one of the valuable sources of knowledge related to the Japanese occupation in Indonesia. Unfortunately, many people do not use the collection as source for their Indonesian study. The result of this study provides a new perspective on the materials related with the Japanese occupation in Indonesia contained in Nishijima Collection. Intellectual network was formed through Nishijima Collection. Eventually, the study about Nishijima Collection through the historical method can be an initial foundation to raise the historical awareness that will be able to affect the civilization (of Indonesia).


According to the main failure form,this paper analyses the factors influencing the failure of hammered forging die and puts forward the measures for improving the service life of hammered forging die.In the practical production,by reasonable use of these measures,we can greatly improve the quality and production efficiency of forging dies,extend the service life of forging dies and obtain the better economic benefit.


This chapter deals with rights and prohibitions fundamental to the protection of the physical and mental integrity of the person and to human dignity. Police officials, whose role includes law enforcement, are legally bound to respect the law which protects human rights when exercising their powers. The chapter examines the right to life in relation to the use of force by police. It focuses on the right to liberty and security of person and the prohibition of arbitrary arrest and detention, and on rights of arrested and detained people. The chapter explains international standards protecting detainees from torture and other forms of ill-treatment, and requiring humane treatment of detainees. It discusses the right to protection against arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy, family, home or correspondence in relation to the powers to search and to carry out surveillance operations.Keywords:arbitrary arrest; detention; human dignity; human rights; law enforcement; police officials; protecting detainees; right to liberty; right to life


Experimental and theoretical investigations are performed of the use of intelligent panel systems to control the sound transmission and radiation. An intelligent structure is defined as a structural system with integrated actuators and sensors under the guidance of an adaptive, learning type controller. The system configuration is based on the Active Structural Acoustic Control (ASAC) concept where control inputs are applied directly to the structure to minimize an error quantity related to the radiated sound field. In this case multiple piezoelectric elements are employed as sensors. The importance of optimal shape and location is demonstrated to be of the same order of influence as increasing the number of channels of control.


A weak clayey silt soils from Garmmat Ali and a sandy soil from AL-Nashoa region were used from different sites and depths and mixed with (0.2%,0.4%,0.6 w/W) of Novolac polymer with (2%,4%,6% w/W) of Cement to know the profitable amount of Novolac, and improving some of engineering properties of the soils that include: the plasticity and compacting. A noticeable improvement in the plasticity of these clayey soils as result of adding a mixture by the rise in their plastic limit, dry densities, lowering in their optimum moisture contents, and increase in tensile strengths as compared with crude soils. There are also an improve in treated sandy soil properties. The cost of using this polymer as a soil binder was reduced by about 50% as compared to the usual practice which involve removing the clayey silt soils and replace them by sand or other materials.


The concept of candidacy is intimately related to the right to occupy a position of popular election through the right to vote. However, an independent candidate is that autonomous person to a political party, which meets eligibility requirements and is backed by a certain number of citizens. Since the Constitutional Reform of 2012, the right of citizens to become independent candidates has been enshrined. In 2014, independent candidates were formally incorporated into the Mexican Federal Electoral System. The problems arising from the emergence of this modality in the elections have been reviewed in various academic texts, however, little has been discussed about the fundamental problem to be elucidated in an era of widespread institutional crisis, that is, by questioning: Do independent candidates solve the crisis of political representation in the Mexican political system? It is so, the present analysis originates; based on the hypothesis that the regime of independent candidacies was inserted in an electoral system designed so that the political parties are exclusive actors in the electoral competition. For this reason, for independent candidates to counteract the crisis of political representation, their regulation must be reconsidered in light of the characteristics of the Mexican political system and the crisis of institutionality and legitimacy.


Network is the most important and fundamental new carrier of publishing information sources in the new times. It pushes publishing information working staff into a newest working interface. As working people who process, deal with, memorize, communicate, and spread out publishing information, the publishers are directly and specifically confronted with challenges. The information attainments of editors have direct relation to the efficiency and quality of edit.