THE LEGACY OF VICENTE GUERRERO, MEXICO'S FIRST BLACK INDIAN PRESIDENT. By Theodore G. Vincent. (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. Pp. 336. $55.00 cloth.) TORNEL AND SANTA ANNA: THE WRITER AND THE CAUDILLO, MEXICO, 1795–1853. By Will Fowler. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000. Pp. 308. $69.50 cloth.) VAGRANTS AND CITIZENS: POLITICS AND THE MASSES IN MEXICO CITY FROM COLONY TO REPUBLIC. By Richard A. Warren. (Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 2001. Pp. 202. $60.00 cloth.) CONTAINING THE POOR: THE MEXICO CITY POOR HOUSE, 1774–1871. By Silvia Marina Arrom. (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000. Pp. 398. $59.95 cloth, $19.95 paper.) DE COLONIA A NACIÓN: IMPUESTOS Y POLÍTICA EN MÉXICO, 1750–1860. Compiled by Carlos Marichal and Daniela Marino. (Mexico City: El Colegio de México, 2001. Pp. 279. N.p.) LOS NOBLES ANTE LA MUERTE EN MÉXICO: ACTITUDES, CEREMONIAS Y MEMORIA, 1750–1850. By Verónica Zárate Toscano. (Mexico City: El Colegio de México, Instituto Mora, 2000. N.p.) ALONE BEFORE GOD: THE RELIGIOUS ORIGINS OF MODERNITY IN MEXICO. By Pamela Voekel. (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002. Pp. 233. $64.95 cloth, $21.95 paper.)


Lack of international comparability in crude steel prices presents a problem in constructing an econometric model of the global steel market. The commonly used measures of crude steel prices are the weighted average of the prices of steel products and the index of the weighted average of prices based on a certain year. But in the context of constructing an econometric model of the global steel market, these measures are not comparable internationally. If the various product prices are cointegrated, it is appropriate to use the price of the most widely produced and traded product in the model (uncoated steel sheet) as an indicator of the general movement of crude steel prices. This paper concludes that the price of uncoated steel sheet cointegrates with the prices of other steel products in France and Germany. The same is not true of the United States, which may point to quality problems with the price data. Use of the price data of uncoated steel sheet as the indicator of crude steel prices in the global steel model would thus seem appropriate for capturing long-term price movements of various steel products. Using cointegration tests, this paper also investigates the relationship between macroeconomic variables and steel product prices.


The objective was to obtain the ovulatory follicle (DFOL), treated with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) as follicular growth stimulants in a Protocol for Artificial Fixed Time Insemination (FTAI).


This paper presents a detailed inquiry of the magazine Vigencia (1977-1985), a political-cultural publication linked to the University of Belgrano, with the purpose of revealing the complex cultural weft of a periodical related to the military government, in which avant-garde positions in the literary field were expressed.


The quantitative utilization of various types of psychiatric care by a group of 56 schizophrenic patients was assessed for 1989-1993. This was a period of transformation of psychiatric services in Sweden, with institutionalization in large hospitals giving way to alternative types of care in the community. The group studied consisted of all schizophrenic patients from the southern part of the county council district who in 1989 or later were inpatients on short-term wards of a major psychiatric hospital which was closed down at the turn of 1991/1992. The patients' utilization of psychiatric care in the part of the county council district where they were domiciled was assessed retrospectively by means of various registers and records. With regard to inpatient psychiatric care, the number of utilizers and care occasions diminished markedly in the patient group over the study period. It is evident that the utilization of hospital psychiatric care diminished concurrently with the development of alternative ty...


This paper presents the development of a novel model to determine the attitude of a small, cubic shape, satellite in space relatively to the sun's direction. The improvements discussed here help Pico satellites to perform accurate attitude determination with no need for additional hardware. The theoretical and the practical sides of this project are analyzed .


Abstract Nowadays, burn wounds are one of the most emerging problems of medicine. Tissue engineering seems to be a promising solution since it enables new tissue formation on 3 D scaffolds. In this article, a novel strategy for N-acylated chitosan 3 D scaffolds obtainment method is presented. Biomaterials were synthesized according to Green Chemistry principles under microwave-assisted conditions using unsaturated fatty acid chlorides. Ready products were characterized over their physicochemical properties, morphology, mechanical, and biological properties. Performed analyses confirmed obtainment of N-acylated biomaterial with a very porous structure and enhanced durability. Prepared scaffolds were biodegradable and had a positive impact on mouse fibroblasts.


Painting is the foundation for spatial form. It is the essential method for improving the ability of critical aesthetics which is the soul of art. One can not talk about architecture without mentioning the principle of aesthetics. To establish certain ideal of aesthetics, one needs perfect cultivation of painting. In this way, one can acquire the harmony and eternity in the art of architecture. And the cultivation of painting is the key to enter the world of architecture of the highest level.


This paper deals with multi-objective optimization of the digestion tank of an industrial phosphoric acid manufacturing process. The objective is to determine the optimal set (i.e. Pareto front) of decision variables that maximize the productivity and minimize the chemical losses. The optimization problem is a nonlinear problem involving two conflicting criteria (i.e. phosphate losses and gypsum production) along with equality and inequality constraints. The equality constraints consist of mass and energy balances, electro-neutrality equations, and thermodynamic equilibrium relations, whereas the inequality constraints are mainly given by the excess of sulfuric acid and the upper limit of the operating temperature to improve the performances of the filtration process downstream. The decision variables are defined by the distribution ratios of sulfuric acid over the sections of the tank, and the cooling heat to be removed in order to control the operating temperature within the tank. The Pitzer thermodynamic model was used to predict the two conflicting criteria and the formulated problem is solved by means of epsilon-constraint method. Compared to the real industrial experiments, the resulting optimal values of decision variables show that their implementation would significantly improve the performances of the manufacturing units.


Unsaturated polyester(UP) as a solid propellant inhibitor has deficiencies of great fragility of solidification,low cofficient of elongation at low temperature, poor flame retardancy and resistant ablation . In order to overcome the deficiencies, some methods of modifying UP inhibitor by nano-filler are presented in references. In this paper, the current situation, recent progress and applied prospects in the toughness and flame retardancy of modifying UP inhibitor by nano-filler are summarized and reviewed with 21 references.


The present study investigates the potential of the implementation of machine learning techniques in optimized multi storey reinforced concrete frames. The variables that are taken into account in the objective function of the optimization problem are the following: the frame type (frame bay length optimality) and dimensioning of the cross sections. The objective function has the goal of attaining a minimum cost design based on market data, after a structural analysis of the frames. A number of optimized examples with widely encountered cases of total lengths of frames and with various loadings are presented. Modeling is based on Eurocode 2. Optimization takes place with the use of evolutionary algorithms. The optimized results are subjected to predictive modeling based on neural networks. The objective of the study is to create predictive models with the aim of minimizing the usage of scarce resources.


Speech of the Chairman, Shri Parakkat Achutha Menon THE following is the Speech delivered by the Chairman, Shri Parakkat Achutha Menon ICS (Retd) at the Twenty-fifth Annual General Meeting held on September 27, 1969 :


Rats were trained on a set of visual discrimination problems (A+B-, C+D-, E+F-). The choice stimuli were then recombined to create novel combination tests (A+D-, C+F-, E+B-). Rats with damage to the hippocampus showed perfect transfer on these tests, always choosing A, C, and E, but were not able to learn the spatial location of the platform, indicating that damage to the hippocampus was functional. These results question the generality of H. Eichenbaum, P. Mathews, and N. J. Cohen's (1989) findings and the theoretical claim that choice behavior with novel combinations is based on inferential-like hippocampus-dependent processes (H. Eichenbaum, 1992). They are consistent with the view that simple associative processes guide choice behavior in animals with hippocampal damage that are confronted with novel combinations.


Noroviruses (NVs) are the major cause of food‐ and waterborne nonbacterial gastroenteritis in Japan. Between April 2002 and March 2003, a total of 111 fecal specimens from 40 outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in Osaka City, Japan were subject to NV detection. Seventy‐two samples (64.9%) from 31 outbreaks (77.5%) were NV positive by a real time reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR assay. To further determine the genotype of individual NV strains, we sequenced the capsid N‐terminal/shell (N/S) domain of some representative strains from each outbreak. The 51 NV strains detected in this study were segregated into 15 genotypes (6 in genogroup I and 9 in genogroup II), and GII/5 genotype NV was a dominant outbreak genotype.


LINE is one of the most popular instant messaging applications used by the community, especially students. LINE has many features that can help users to communicate remotely with their partners. It also happens to Long Distance Relationships (LDR) couples, they also use LINE as a medium to get closer to the couple. This study aims to find out how the use of existing features in LINE to resolve conflicts in relationships. Given that Individuals involved LDR can not face face to face communication due to limited distance and time. This research was conducted to Undergraduate Students Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UNS who are undergoing Long Distance Relationships who use LINE as their main communication media with their partner. The research method used in this research is descriptive where the way data collection is done by indepth interview. Sampling using a purposive technique in which the informant was selected based on his experience and a wealth of information on the topics who discussed in this study. Based on the results of interviews conducted to six informants, the researchers found concluded the result that LINE is an instant messaging application selected by LDR pair in maintaining the relationship. Due to the more complete feature on LINE, compared to other instant messaging. Features are widely used is personal chat, free call, send photo, while for video calls are only used once a week. The feature in LINE commonly used by infromants in resolving conflicts in relationships is free calls. By using free calls no more misunderstandings arise, it is clear because individuals can hear the sound of their partner directly. Keywords: Desciptive Study, Long Distance Relationships, Romantic Relationships, , Resolve Conflict in Relationships , Using LINE


The adsorbent with oyster shell( OS) as raw material was prepared by calcining. The adsorption behaviors for direct red 4BS( DR 4BS) and malachite green( MG) were investigated by considering some effecting factors such as solution pH,calcination temperature,calcination time,particle size,adsorbent dosage,initial concentration and adsorption time. The results showed that the optimal pH values for DR 4BS and MG were 1. 0 and 8. 0,respectively. After being calcined for 5 h at 200 ℃,0. 8 g adsorbent with 100 meshe could result in a maximum removal rate of dyes. Three kinds of dynamic models have been used to simulate adsorption kinetics. The results showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second order equation very well. The adsorption isotherm could be described by Langmuir model rather than Freundlich models. The adsorbent could be reused more than five cycles after being regenerated.


The object of the study is the calculation of the producing reserves of the gas-bearing reservoir. Increasingly, published studies provide justification for the possibility of restoring reserves in old depleted gas fields by gas flow from deep horizons. Given the possibility of resuming producing gas reserves, the issue of clarifying their volume in the reservoirs of fields at a late stage of development is promising.
In the course of the study, theoretical research methods were used: a system analysis of the inreservoir used, numerical modeling based on a combined finite element-difference method, methods for visualizing the inreservoir obtained, and analytical methods.
The method proposed in the paper for refining gas reserves combines the volumetric method and modeling of filtration processes using a combined finite element-difference method. The latter makes it possible to take into account the reservoir structure that is heterogeneous in terms of permeability and adequately describe the distribution of non-stationary reservoir pressure around the production well on a quantitative level. By applying an analytical formula based on the values of average reservoir and bottomhole pressures, the radii of the well feed contour were calculated for different periods of reservoir development. Thus, the active area (and volume) of the reservoir is determined, according to which the calculations of the producing reserves of the field are carried out.
The study was carried out on the example of the Chervonozayarske Gas Field (Ukraine) for the reservoir V-26-T-1a, discovered by one production well 468-B(D). The recoverable reserves of the V-26-T-1a reservoir calculated in this way are 597.69 million m3 of gas. At the same time, the error relative to the value indicated in the Atlas of Ukrainian Fields is 4.63 %.
The method of calculating reserves proposed in this study is useful for refining the reserves of depleted fields. The combination of the volumetric method with the results of simulation of filtration processes is an operational method for calculating the reserves of a reservoir discovered by one production well. At the same time, the use of a combined finite element-difference method makes it possible to take into account the complex heterogeneous structure of the reservoir and predict the distribution of reservoir non-stationary pressures around the production well.


ABSTRACT In skilled migration research, the role of the study location in graduates' residential behaviour remains unclear. This paper addresses this lacuna by examining the attractiveness and retention of higher education cities for local attendants in the period after study, using Belgium as an empirical case study. Drawing on a unique linkage of census and register data for 1991–2010, logistic and Cox regressions illustrate the relative success of smaller cities once individual, familial and contextual factors are considered. Location-specific characteristics beyond the economic are found to shape skilled migration towards the higher education localities, particularly in the short term.


The management of the medium and small scale industries feel burden to treat waste if the cost involvement is high. Hence there is a board scope for cheaper and compact unit processes or ideal solutions for such issues. Rotating biological contactor is most popular due to its simplicity, low energy less land requirement. The rotating biological contactors are fixed film moving bed aerobic treatment processes, which able to sustain shock loadings. Unlike activated sludge processes (ASP), trickling filter etc. Rotating biological contactor does not require recirculation of secondary sludge and also hydraulic retention time is low. This review paper focuses on works done by various investigators at different operating parameters using various kinds of industrial wastewater.


In a recent paper C. Gros reported the empirical observation that the variance of the energy can be taken as a measure of the quality of a variational trial wave function. Exact quality criteria based on the variance are well established and we give a short review of some of those criteria.


The topic of food has recently taken the centre stage. The food trend is evident not just in a plethora of cookery books and nutrition research but also in current writers' novels. Each culture depicts its distinctive cuisine, as well as its specific traditional rules and eating habits, in its literature. Food can be used to create compelling visuals. Food practices elicit a variety of associations in the minds of different writers. Food can be perceived not only via the particular senses of smell and taste but also through the other senses. It aids in the evocation of more memories and sensations. As a result, food imagery in literature may seem like a source of deeply implanted associations that lead into the depths of personal and societal memory. Book of Rachel by Esther David is a celebration of culinary obsessions and the metaphors that come with them. The novel is structured like a recipe, with each chapter beginning with a signature dish and a list of ingredients. An attempt has been made to analyse and bring to light the relationship between food and literature in Esther David's novel "Book of Rachel."


Introduction Acute arterial mesenteric ischemia (AMI) represents a challenging disease regarding diagnosis and treatment; usually the patient is diagnosed at a late stage of the disease that imposes a high risk of mortality, and usually the diagnosis is reached intraoperatively with the full-blown picture of intestinal gangrene. Aim The aim was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of minimally invasive modalities (laparoscopy and endovascular techniques) in the diagnosis and treatment of patients having acute AMI. Patients and methods This is a prospective case-series study that was conducted over 11 patients who were diagnosed to have an acute abdomen with suspected acute mesenteric ischemia. They were subjected to an intervention in the form of diagnostic laparoscopy with simultaneous direct mesenteric angiography through a transfemoral approach, this was done for diagnosis and possibly treatment of this condition. Results About 18.2% presented within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms, 81.8% presented after 1 day from the onset of symptoms. About 36.4% of patients had a white blood cell count of greater than 15 000/ml, 45.4% had a white blood cell count of greater than 12 000–15 000/ml, while 18.2% of patients had a white blood cell count of less than 12 000/ml. As for D-dimer, it was greater than 2.0 mg/l in 9.1%, greater than 1.0–0.2 mg/l in 63.7%, and 0.5–1.0 mg/l in 27.3%. About 81.8% of patients had thrombosed superior mesenteric artery (SMA), together with intestinal gangrene or devitalized segments of the intestine, they were treated by laparotomy and bowel resection with no intervention regarding the SMA. Two patients (18.2%) had dusky bowel loops with a critical stenosis at the origin of SMA for which stenting was done, with no need for laparotomy. Conclusion The use of minimally invasive modalities is an efficient method in definitive diagnosis of patients having AMI, as well as it can be used for treatment. Those minimally invasive techniques offer a low-risk intervention with reduced morbidity, reducing the time needed for diagnosis and treatment, but in order to reach this goal, the patient must present as early as possible in order to intervene while the intestine is still viable.


Mathematics is the result of human culture as a result of activities, making patterns, designing, calculating, and applying to solve problems in everyday life.Many mathematical concepts become easier for students to understand by bringing the concept to the real world.One of the ideas is ethnomatematics, the mathematical concept embedded in activities carried out in learning must incorporate cultural elements such as daily activities, cultural heritage, regional arts, traditional games, traditional foods, which is a human activity.This study aims to describe the culture of Kudus that containing junior high school geometric concepts.The results of this study are many results of Kudus culture that can be associated with the concepts of junior high school geometry such as the roof of the traditional house of Kudus, Sunan Kudus mosque tower, Awug-awug cake, etc.


Summary. The percentage of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in the oxidized form [NAD+/(NAD+ and NADH); i.e. the NAD+/NADT ratio] is increased in the red cell (RBC) in sickle cell disease. We tested the hypothesis that the increased NAD+/NADT ratio was a determinant of the increased 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (DPG) content of the SCD RBC. Using normal subjects and individuals with sickle cell disease or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), we observed an inverse relationship between the packed cell volume (PCV) and the RBC DPG concentration (r=−0·69) and a direct relationship between the RBC NAD+/NADT ratio and the DPG concentration (r= 0·74). When the effect of the PCV on DPG was removed using analysis of covariance [DPGady(PCV)], the NAD+/NADT ratio had a significant relationship with the DPGadj(PCV) (r= 0·50, P < 0·001). In in vitro incubation studies, increasing the NAD+/NADT ratio significantly increased the DPG content of both normal and AIHA RBC. Conversely, decreasing the NAD+/NADT ratio decreased the DPG content of normal, AIHA and SCD RBC. Thus, the increased DPG content in the SCD RBC appears to be due, in part, to the increased NAD+/NADT ratio and is not purely a physiologic response to decreased oxygen carrying capacity.


For accurate absorption-correction calculations, a precise knowledge of the crystal shape is essential. A least-squares determination of the coordinates of the crystal apices according to the analytical expressions derived is obtained by taking a series of silhouette photographs of the crystal directly on an X-ray diffractometer with a pinhole in the incident beam and using soft continuous X-radiation.


The present poetry programme ]or C~inese undergraduates of English has some negative effects. These are caused by factors like idea-based and cultural value-based approaches, text- selection criteria, and the ways of teaching connected to the approaches. This paper takes a ianguage-based viewpoint to carry out a discussion on these factors as well as on the features of poetry as a deviation so as to develop some ideas of a possiblerationale for the improvement of teaching poetry in the Chinese EFL situation.


1. The article states that the maximal insult to blood flow was recorded after the medial capsulotomy. Was this observation made after a simple capsulotomy or were the recordings made after mobilization of the dorsal and volar capsules in preparation for the osteotomy? If not, do the authors have any explanation for the decrease in blood flow considering that the medial surface has not been identified as a significant source of blood supply to the metatarsal head?2,3 2. The 45% reduction in blood flow after the medial capsulotomy and further 13% reductions each with a lateral release and the osteotomy are calculated from the same initial base line reading, which could be considered flawed. If the calculations are redone with the base line reading taken as the blood flow before each step of the procedure, then the adductor tenotomy and the osteotomy would show a decrease in blood flow of 24% and 31%, respectively. This could be more significant than the 45% fall with the medial capsulotomy, considering the lower blood flow levels each of the next two steps start with. 3. The authors state that the tip of the probe was placed at a depth of 5 mm in the metatarsal head. Was this from the dorsal or plantar surface? MRI studies evaluating blood flow after Austin osteotomies have shown avascular areas predominantly in the dorsal cancellous area of the metatarsal head.4. Was this taken into account? 4. The authors by their exclusion criteria have excluded all patients who could already have a decreased blood flow to the foot and who would hence be candidates for a critical reduction in blood flow from the procedure, leading to an avascular necrosis. Do they practice the same exclusion criteria in their regular practice? Could this be the reason for their zero incidence of avascular necrosis over 10 years or could it be a case of statistical outlying? REFERENCES


Thank you to the Women in Economics Network for the invitation to speak at its ACT launch. It is an incredible honour. It is also very pleasing to see that this network has been formed. As I'll discuss later in my talk, economics has struggled with an image – and a reality – of being a male-dominated profession. This is true both in Australia and in many other countries, and it is more of an issue in economics than in some other quantitative disciplines. Networks such as these are instrumental in helping to break down barriers. That's needed, because there are considerable barriers to achieving a more equal participation of both sexes in the profession, consistent with the true distribution of talent.


On dsy 18 post Freunds complete adjuvant injection,concanavalin A (Con A) -induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation in rats was suppressed markedly,and peritoneal macrophages (PMΦs) from arthritic rats induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced interleukin 1 (IL-1) much more that of the control group.TGP, PF and TGP removed PF (TGP-PF) (0.5~312.5 mg·L-1) possessed the promoting effect on the splenic lymphocyte proliferation and the inhibitory effect on the IL-1production. Their concentration-effect curves were bll-shaped in Con A-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation and upsidedown bell-shaped in LPS-induced IL-1 production.The immunoregulatory actions of TGP (2.5~62. 5 mg·L-1) on adjuvant arthritic rats were potenter than that of the same concentration of either TGP or TGPPF.The results suggested that all TGP,PF and TGP-PF possess a dual immunomodulatory effect on the splenic lymphocyte proliferation and IL-1 production by PMΦs from adjuvant arthritic rats, depending upon their concentration and the functional state of animals,in which TGP is the potentest.


Urtica dioica is a medicinal plant and is distributed throughout the ranges of Himachal Pradesh. The Genetic variation was found in U. dioica plant samples, with respect to plant distribution in middle and lower Himalayas. Genetic variability was based on change in altitude. Examination of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers from six plant samples collected at different heights from sea level indicated that genetic variation was appreciable, as samples from lower altitudes showed low genetic similarity with samples collected from higher altitudes. Eight Random decamer primers were used for RAPD amplification. The RAPD products ranged from 500 - 2800 bp. A total number of 134 RAPD markers were obtained from 8 primers, out of which 27 were polymorphic (20.2%) and the rest were monoporphic (79.8%). The polymorphism ranged from 4 - 50%.


The prognostic significance of stromal reaction in breast cancer patients has been identified. A reverse correlation between blast lymphocyte level in tumor and metastasis into the regional lymph nodes has been found. Patients with pronounced lympho-histiocytic infiltration receiving combined therapy are expected to have favorable prognosis.


The high-redshift radio galaxy 1243+036 (z = 3.6) presents an asymmetric Lyα profile of FWHM 1550 km s-1 as measured by van Ojik et al. We propose that the blue asymmetry in the Lyα profile is not due to narrow absorption dips but consists of narrow emission peaks. We interpret the blueshifted peaks near -1130, -850, and -550 km s-1 (relative to the peak of full profile) as being the result of Fermi acceleration of Lyα produced by jet-induced star formation in the wake of a 300 km s-1 shock. This shock would be caused by the deflection of the radio jet at the observed position of the radio bend which also coincides spatially with the excess Lyα emission reported by van Ojik et al.


Lamentations on societal and environmental developments become increasingly audible in our times. Currently, we can hear almost every day about reaching the balance in a very sensitive triangle economic sustainability-social sustainability-environmental sustainability. It is largely omitted that concepts of self-governance and self-government constitute one of greatest challenges and opportunities for truly sustainable development in our common future.


Introduction. The gastric cancer (GC) is one of the principal reasons of death in Colombia, but unfortunately the majority of cases are detected in advanced conditions when the treatment options are very poor. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of environmental and genetical factors (such as nourishing habits, smoking and familiar history of gastric cancer) in patients with gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients and Methods. It is an observational analytical study that compares differences with regard to the consumption of food and habits related to GC in two groups of patients, one with GC (cases) and the other one with duodenal ulcer (DU) (control). Results. 90 patients with GC and 93 with DU were included. Average age of the cases with GC was 60.5 years +/-15 and with DU 57.1 +/-13.5 years (p: NS). Men with GC 57.8 vs 60.2 % women (p: NS). A positive association with the following four factors was founded: to salt a plate before trying it OR 5.56 (IC95%1.8-17.1) p = 0.01, consumption of roasted food OR 3.97 (IC95 % 2.2-7.4) p = 0001, gastric cancer history in first degree relatives OR 4.2 (IC95 % 1.7-10.4) p: 0.001 and consumption of oven cooked food OR 5.68 (IC95%1.21 to 26.7), p 0.014. Conclusion. With these results the study concludes that it is advisable to reduce the consumption of salt in the diet, to avoid the consumption of smoked food and to make a screening in first degree relatives of patients with GC.


We present new optical Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) interference filter imagery and International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) spectroscopy for the oxygen-rich supernova remnant N132D in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The optical images show a wealth of structure, and comparison with an archival Einstein High Resolution Imager (HRI) X-ray image shows that a few optical features have X-ray counter-parts, but in general there is little correlation between X-ray and optical features. The IUE spectra at two positions show strong lines of carbon and oxygen, with lines of neon, magnesium, silicon, and helium also present and variable in relative intensities. We use optical data for N132D from Dopita & Tuohy (1984) with our UV observations to compare with shock models (both with and without thermal conduction) and X-ray photoionization model calculations. While none of the model fits is entirely satisfactory, the generally weak UV emission relative to optical disagrees with the general character of shock model predictions and indicates that photoionization is the dominant excitation mechanism for the UV/optical emission. This conclusion is similar to what was found for E0102 - 7219, the oxygen-rich remnant in the Small Magellanic Cloud. We derive rough abundances for the emitting material in N132D, compare to stellar nucleosynthesis models, and discuss the implications for its precursor. A precursor near 20 solar mass is consistent with the data.


The method for identifying a convolution peak will be described. Multiple of the spectrum is available. Using multivariate analysis techniques, assign data points from a plurality of spectrum into a plurality of groups. Peaks are selected from a plurality of spectrum. Peak, if it contains data points that are assigned to two or more of the plurality of groups, the peak is identified as a convolution peak. Principal component analysis is one of multivariate analysis techniques used in the allocation of the data points. Number of principal components is selected. Subset principal component space is formed. Data points are selected in the subset principal component space. Vector extending from the origin of the subset principal component space data points. One or more data points in the spatial angle around the vector is assigned to the group.


In order to investigate the dynamic behaviour of a wind turbine with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) connected to the network during grid disturbance, this paper presents an equivalent continuous model. This model includes mechanical, electrical parts and the connection system to a distribution network. A comparison of two different DFIG control strategies during network faults is shown with the help of numerical simulation.


Abstract : The Russian patent describes a device for prevention of the entrance of air into flame tubes. It consists of a housing with branch pipes of the inlet and outlet of the discharged gas and built-in element made in the form of a beaker with an expanding section along the path of the discharging gas. The device has application toward the prevention of explosions when burning waste industrial gases.


This paper constructs a price index for elderly households in which differences in expenditure share and points of purchase are explicitly taken into account. Elderly households spend more on food and medical care, while younger households spend more on education, transportation, and communications. As for points of purchase, in general, elderly households spend less in discount stores. These differences result in an underestimation of the inflation rate for elderly households by 2%, of which, 1.5% is due to differences in expenditure share and 0.5% is due to differences in points of purchase. However, even after taking such differences into account, the inflation rate for the elderly is less than that derived from the official CPI, which does not take into account points of purchase. Accordingly, the existing price indexation of pension benefits likely results in higher-than-appropriate benefit levels.


Abstract The macro-dynamics for synthesis of vinyl acetate on Zn(Ac)2—acticarbon catalyst was studied. Consulting actual plant conditions by means of computer simulation, the parameters and reaction conditions for a fixed bed reactor used to produce vinyl acetate in acetylene method were calculated. The result shows that total heat transfer coefficient between catalyst bed and heat conductive oil could be affected by variety of conditions: catalyst diameter, airspeed, temperature and speed of heat conductive oil, and tube diameter in reactor. Analyzing the principles about how the factors affect the heat conduction, a laboratory reactor was made according to the analogue data. The actual temperature distribution of catalyst bed could inosculate with the analogue results roughly.


I Dynamics of Chemical Systems.- Spontaneous Temporal and Spatial Phenomena in Physicochemical Systems.- Some Factors Generating Temporally Ordered Behavior.- Mechanisms and Chemically Consistent Models for Isothermal Oscillations in the CSTR.- Analysis and Qualitative Modelling of Experimentally Observed Dynamic Features.- A Physicist's Description of Chemical Oscillations.- Multiplicity-Induced Oscillations in Porous Catalysts.- Temporal Oscillations Induced by Boundary Conditions in Systems with and Without Spatial Patterns.- On the Classification of Local Disorder in Globally Regular Spatial Patterns.- Some Proposals Concerning the Mathematical Modelling of Oscillating Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions on Metal Surfaces.- In-Situ IR Study During Oscillations of the Catalytic CO Oxidation.- Spatial Effects and Oscillations in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions.- Dynamics of the Heterogeneous Catalytic Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide on Zeolite Supported Palladium.- Toroidal Oscillations During the Oxidation of Methanol on Zeolite Supported Palladium.- Oscillatory Behavior of Cobalt Electrodes During Transition from the Active to the Passive State.- Periodic and Aperiodic Regimes in Forced Chemical Oscillations.- Periodic Perturbation of the BZ-Reaction in a CSTR: Chemical Resonance, Entrainment and Quasi-Periodic Behavior.- Periodic Perturbation of Limit Cycles in an Isothermal CSTR.- Oscillations in a CSTR Affected by the Pump Periodicity.- II Dynamics of Biological Systems.- Synchronization, Phase-Locking and Other Phenomena in Coupled Cells.- The Influence of Fluctuations on Sustained Oscillations.- Movement in Space.- Chemomechanical Interfacial Instabilities and Waves: Their Possible Role for the Cell Locomotion on Substrates.- Contraction and Oscillations in a Simple Model for Cell Plasma Motion.- Circle Maps and the Periodic Forcing of Limit Cycle Oscillators.- Cellular Metabolism and Transport.- Dynamic Coupling and Time Patterns in Biochemical Processes.- Dimension and Liapunov Exponents of a Strange Attractor from Biochemical Data.- Coupling of Glycolytic Oscillations and Convective Patterns.- Computation of Bifurcation Diagrams for Selkov's Model of Glycolytic Oscillations.- Comparison of the Linear and Non-Linear Temperature Properties and Model Simulations of the In Vivo Glycolytic System.- Circadian Rhythms.- High Molecular Weight Protein is Presumably Essential for the Circadian Clock.- Circadian Time-Dependent Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Morphogenesis in Acetabulavia.- Phase and Period Effects of Physical and Chemical Factors. Do Cells Communicate?.- Singularity in a Unicell: Can Pulses of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Stop the Biological Clock?.- Circadian Control of Protein Synthesis Rate in Cell-Free Extracts of Gonyaulax polyedra.- Perturbation by Single and Double Pulses as Analytical Tool for Analyzing Oscillatory Mechanisms.- Effects of Light and Temperature Steps on Circadian Rhythms of Neurospora and Gonyaulax.- Genetic and Physiological Analysis of a Circadian Clock Gene in Neurospora crassa.- Cyclic Activity of Enzymes of Asparagine-Pyruvate Pathway and Cellular Synchronization. Significance of L-Asparaginase Oscillatory States.- Control and Significance of the Circadian Growth of the Endocuticle in Cockroaches (Blaberus craniifer, Blattodea).- The Hypothalamic Control of Eating and Circadian Rhythms: Opponent Processes and Their Chemical Modulators.- The Circadian Activity Rhythm of Mammals: A Comparison of Models and Experiments.- Weak Coupling Between the Two Pacemakers of the Bilateral Circadian Mechanism in Crickets.- Effect of Reversed Photoperiod on Daily Rhythms of Synthesis and Accumulation of Neurosecretion in the Brain of the House Cricket.- Circadian Rhythm of Locomotor Activity in Musca Continues After Severance of Optic Tracts.- Interaction Between Two Circadian Clocks in the Rabbit and Their Main Input.- Cell Cycle.- Dynamics of Feedback Systems with Time Lag.- The Coordination of Cell Growth and Division: A Comparison of Models.- Cellular Synergetics: Cell-Density Dependent Regulation of Population Dynamics of Mammalian Cells in Vitro.- Idiotypic Network Among T Cells.- The Transition Probability Model: Successes, Limitations, and Deficiencies.- A Deterministic Cell Cycle Model with Transition Probability-Like Behaviour.- The Onset of Division in a Protocell Model.- A Temperature Compensated Epi genetic Oscillator with an Hourly Period Provides Time-Keeping for the Cell Cycle and Possibly also for Circadian-Controlled Phenomena.- Index of Contributors.


Hindu religion relies on three sociological conception of ideological understanding consisting of: Tattwa (philosophy), Susila (behavior) and Ceremony (ritual). These three conceptional foundations will eventually integrate and be realized in a real practice Yadnya. Yadnya life will have and require a variety of infrastructure in a symbolic, one of which is implemented in Bulu Geles Ceremony. The Bulu Geles ceremony is a ceremony in which there is a diversity of symbolic elements and meanings, which occur during the Bulu Geles Ceremony at the Temple of Pengaturan. The implementation of Bulu Geles is expected to provide the strengthening of religious aspects as well as the realization of community activities in accordance with the symbolic content therein. The form and structure of symbolic communication contained in the implementation of Bulu Geles Ceremony will be able to be examined through all aspects that have relevance to the implementation of Bulu Geles Ceremony such as ceremonial facilities, infrastructure, as well as musical instruments (Gambelan) played during the Bulu Geles Ceremony. This is shown by the enthusiasm of the community in maintaining and regenerating the Bulu Geles Ceremony. Functions and meanings that exist in Bulu Geles Ceremony that can be felt and picked by all layers of society or people. It can mean different things to every society that each has a track record of experience including different thinking critics. People's thinking is still fixed on the reality of the ceremony without the knowledge of the symbolic meaning contained in the implementation of the ceremony. On the other hand some people began to touch the aspect of meaning, but always covered with doubt. While the community leaders in the village of Pakraman Bulian has consistently been able to provide a physical description, including explaining the meaning contained in the symbolic elements of the implementation of Bulu Geles Ceremony.


A rapid method for authenticity detection of grapeseed oil was proposed based on Ion Mobility Spectrometry(IMS). After optimization,the inlet temperature was set at 170 ℃,drift tube temperature was set at 60 ℃. In this method,the oil sample was diluted in hexane(50-fold,V /V) and then directly analyzed in IMS. The detection time was 20 s. To establish an adulteration detection model,recursive Support Vector Machine(R-SVM) was applied to classifying pure and adulterated grape seed oils. The result of 10-fold cross validation showed that the accuracy of discrimination was up to 91. 2%. The results in study indicate that IMS method is a new,fast and convenient technique for the adulteration detection of edible oil.


A mathematical model is analyzed in order to study the effects of Soret, Dufour, chemical reaction, thermal radiation and volumentric heat generation/absorption on mixed convection stagnation point flow on an Iso-thermal vertical plate in a porous media. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into set of coupled ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta sixth order method along with shooting technique. The physical interpretation to this expression is assigned through graphs and tables for the wall shear stress , Nusselt number and Sherwood number . Results were compared with the existing literature and showed a perfect agreement. Similarly, results showed that the fields were influenced appreciably by the effects of the governing parameters: Soret number Sr, Dufour number Df, chemical reaction parameter γ, thermal radiation parameter Ra, order of reactions n, thermal Grashof number GT, solutal Grashof number GC, Prandtl number Pr, permeability parameter K, rate of heat generation/absorption parameter S, and magnetic field strength parameter M. It was evident that for some kind of mixtures such as the light and medium molecular weight, the Soret and Dufour's effects should be considered as well.


The utility model relates to a drinking water defluorination purification device. The drinking water defluorination purification device comprises a water inlet pipe, a filter, a water storage device and a water outlet pipe which are sequentially connected, wherein the drinking water defluorination purification device also comprises filter valves and a valve controller, the filter also comprises at least two filtering units, the filtering units, and the filtering units and the water inlet pipe and the water storage device are respectively communicated through pipelines, the filter valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines, the filter valves are connected with the valve controller, and the valve controller controls the communication or the breaking of the filter valves for realizing the single operation, serial connection operation or parallel connection operation of the filtering units. The utility model has the advantages of strong adaptability on the change of the raw water fluorine concentration and the water consumption, the cost of the device is low, the defluorination performance is good, the utility model can ensure that the treated drinking water can reach the national specified water quality standard, and the drinking water defluorination purification device is particularly applicable to the use of drinking water in high-fluorine region, particularly in rural families.


Summary This paper questions what is distinct about the formation of business networks in the Chinese capitalist leap forward at the turn of the twenty-first century? Existing literature suggests that it is a business culture based on strong family networks, or cultural ties secured in quanxi connections that are underpinned by strong Confucian ethics. Agreeing with the identification of these distinctive cultural attributes, we argue that Chinese business, like business elsewhere, may have cultural attributes that are distinctly national (and foreigners looking to succeed there ignore them at their peril) but we suggest that networking power still resides in underlying patterns of ownership. We use empirical data from Australian registered companies operating in Shanghai and Chinese companies operating in Shanghai to test this theory and to draw conclusions about the difference and similarity of corporate organisations in different regions.


General mathematical equations describing expected blood and urine drug concentrations were derived to analyze riboflavin excretion data after a single large oral dose followed by multiple smaller but equal doses at equal time intervals. The urinary excretion equation was applied to the riboflavin data to obtain the least squares fit using the IBM digital computer, and by this means the absorption and excretion rates were determined. Such calculations can be applied to find the optimum dosage regimen of other drugs for which the kinetic constants are known. The general expressions reduce to all simpler cases already reported in the literature.


Magnetic field problems can be accurately solved with the integral equation method in combination with a total scalar potential approach. However, only nonhysteretic magnetic material has been considered so far. Therefore, in this paper a novel formulation is presented that allows for the coupling of hysteresis models with the integral equation method. It has been investigated with the scalar hysteresis Product Model.


The child's autism significantly changes many areas of his family's life and the family's relationship with the social environment. We studied how the presence of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects relationships within the family, the interaction of such a family with relatives, friends, and strangers. A survey of parents of children with autism was conducted in 43 regions of the Russian Federation. The answers from 604 questionnaires to the questions were analyzed: "When it turned out that your child had ASD, how did this affect mutual understanding in the family? How did the next of kin, friends, react to this? How often is your child's behavior perceived in public? "In all cases, the changes were different, but if positive reactions prevailed in the family, relatives and friends (45.1%, 67.1% and 61.5%, respectively), then outsiders reacted negatively in 68.2% of cases (avoidance, condemnation, rejection). It has been shown that the main cause of intra-family difficulties is the peculiarities of the child's behavior, problems of upbringing, a shortage of qualified assistance and — to a much lesser extent — financial problems. It was concluded that the difficulties of interaction with society increase as the range of social relations expands and are due to a low level of awareness of autism and related issues. Educational work and training of parents and family members of a child with ASD are considered as the main way to overcome the identified difficulties.


With the gradual application of the Internet of Things technology in the field of distribution automation, distribution terminals gradually adopt the Internet of Things protocol to communicate with the master station system of distribution automation. while the master station system of distribution automation supports the access of the traditional power dedicated protocol terminal, it faces how to solve the problem which how to access the distribution terminal of the network communication protocol. This paper proposes the MQTT protocol data acquisition architecture based on the existing master station system of distribution automation system. Through the research on the transmission characteristics of power distribution service data and MQTT protocol, the message structure of the MQTT protocol carrying power service data and the source maintenance process of the equipment model are designed., It realizes the direct collection of the terminal data of the distribution Internet of Things in an object-oriented way, gives full play to the value of the existing distribution master station, reduces investment costs, and saves system maintenance workload.


In the analysis of the development of Shouyang county vegetable industry advantage and current situation,vegetable industry sustainable development measures was put forward: accelerating the introduction of new varieties;strengthening the construction of guarantee system of vegetable technology;vigorously developing vegetables professional cooperatives;implementing the "five reunification" service mode;developing diverse forms of vegetable planting technical training;realizing standardization and scale planting,perfecting market marketing strategy;establishing vegetable marketing network;correct locating,doing a good characteristic,building good quality,and enhancing product market competition ability.


The versatile reactions of diethyl malonate represent an important lecture topic in introductory organic courses, but are only rarely performed in the lab because of several problems associated wit...


Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer diagnoses, with significantly worse survival rates as clinical staging progresses. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic utility of longitudinal peripheral liquid biopsy as a treatment monitoring tool in stage III-IV NSCLC patients throughout treatment. Liquid biopsy represents a way for physicians to non-invasively continuously monitor and understand tumor progression through analyzing serial patient blood samples. This allows for real-time, in depth analysis of patient status throughout the treatment process. This study used the third generation, enrichment-free High-Definition Single Cell Assay (HDSCA3.0) workflow to detect and characterize rare events in the 48 peripheral blood samples collected from a cohort of 10 stage III-IV NSCLC patients undergoing various treatments. This workflow uses 4 fluorescent channels corresponding to 5 biomarkers. While circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be effective as a prognostic tool for measuring treatment efficacy and patient response to treatment, we have additionally identified 6 additional rare cell phenotypes with variable cytokeratin expression, and 3 types of oncosomes. We have established a liquid biopsy profile that is unique to NSCLC as compared to 50 normal donors. Within this cohort, we found significantly higher amounts of rare cells and oncosomes in patient cohorts as compared to normal donors, highlighting the potential utility of both cellular and oncosome subtypes in disease monitoring. In addition, these rare events differ drastically in morphological parameters and channel expression, and also display temporal heterogeneity. Through the analysis of peripheral blood samples across time and treatment methodologies, we observed significant association between liquid biopsy analytes and progression-free and overall survival, supporting the utility of liquid biopsy as a clinical tool. Understanding the dynamics behind these rare groups throughout the courses of treatment may help improve prognostic utility of liquid biopsy.
 Citation Format: Lily Bai, George Courcoubetis, Jorge Nieva, Jeremy Mason, Peter Kuhn, Stephanie Shishido. Longitudinal tracking of circulating rare events in the liquid biopsy of stage III-IV NSCLC patients during treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2213.


R A Waldron London: Muller 1911 pp xiii + 201 price £14.50 Lord Kelvin completed his well known comment on the relationship between mechanical models and understanding by saying 'I want to understand light as well as I can without introducing things that we can understand even less of'. The problem of providing an adequate description of the nature of light has continued to fascinate physicists.


Recently, The Low Power and Lossy Network (LLN) is regarded as an attractive and appealing paradigm that depends upon the use of particular routing protocols that can meet the requirements of the applications used in the IOT framework, among the constraints found: conserving and preserving the network lifetime, the reliability of packets transmitted in a limited time and availability. The IETF Roll Working Group (Routing Over Low Power and Lossy Networks) has proposed a routing architecture named RPL which is an IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks. This standard is basing on the use of metrics to trace the route of forwarded packets to the root. .yet, the ROLL group did not determine particular metrics to practice them during the use of the RPL, so it left them open so as to adapt and adjust them to a specific environment. This document proposes a new Objective Function "OF" based on three metrics called OF-EHE that will be comparing with the two OFO: OF0 and MRHOF. The outcome of the simulations show that our proposal performs better than the use of standard OFs in terms of energy consumption, the stability and reliability of data transmitted and the lifetime of the network.


The cardiac Bidomain model consists in a reaction–diffusion system of partial differential equations which is often discretized by low-order finite elements in space and implicit–explicit methods in time; the resulting linear systems are very ill-conditioned and they must be solved at each time step of a cardiac beat simulation. In this paper we will construct and analyze Balancing Domain Decomposition by Constraints and Finite Element Tearing and Interconnecting Dual-Primal methods for the Bidomain operator. Proven theoretical estimates show that the proposed methods are scalable, quasi-optimal and robust with respect to possible coefficient discontinuities of the Bidomain operator and the time step. The results of extensive parallel numerical tests in three dimensions confirm the convergence rates predicted by the theory; large numerical simulations up to 400 millions of degrees of freedom on 27K cores of BlueGene/Q are also provided.


In the age of electronic commerce, the development of new network organizational forms has brought into practice transaction cost economics, inter-organizational collaborations, and strategic alliance. The development and management of network organizations are assisted by organizational analysis. This paper proposes an organizational visualization method for organizational analysis. The organizational visualization method is comprehensive in modeling a formal organizational structure for electronic commerce. It can be a practical technique for structural and process approaches to organizational development for electronic commerce.


At the macroscopic perspective, traffic analysis requires the knowledge of Fundamental Diagram, which involves the relationship between the variables of density, flow, and speed. As one of the macroscopic traffic flow variables, density can be derived by several approaches. At first, the density of traffic was measured over space, which difficult to be collected mainly in the long section of the road. Therefore, the density variable was simply derived from the fundamental relation of macroscopic traffic flow variable. By this method, the individual speed and flow variable are required in the local measurement. Both traffic density and flow will apply the concept of PCU, which refers to the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual, 1997 to consider the different characteristic of the vehicle. In the mixed traffic of developing countries, providing traffic data was difficult due to the limitation of the traffic sensor infrastructures. Frequently, providing density variable relies on the sample data for speed analysis. In the present study, the estimation of density will focus on the local measurement over a time interval. By using individual data, density is proposed to be measured directly over time, in which the equation can be modified to utilize the sample data. The number of sample for speed analysis will be varied to know the accuracy and the performance of each approach in the density estimation of mixed traffic. Several approaches for density estimation will be summarized and compared each other. Theoretically, the estimated density which measured over time and space by using individual data can provide the most appropriate result. So, this estimated density will be established as an actual density throughout the study. Then, the performance of each approach either using individual or sample data will be evaluated upon the actual traffic density by mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The result shows by using the same trap length to measure the speed, the existing and the proposed approaches provide a good estimation of density either by utilizing individual data or sample data of the vehicle speed. This result was indicated by the MAPE value, which obtained under ten percent. Based on the further evaluation of the MAPE value, the performance of each approach was changed by utilizing the different category of data. In addition, estimation of traffic density which utilizes the sample data of vehicle speed has good reliability.


The Swedish nuclear power plants all have plant specific surveillance programs which includes samples from all relevant materials that are subjected to a fluence-level that exceeds 1*1017 n/cm2 ove ...


Genetic controls on the concentration and affinity of the anti-dinitrophenyl antibodies produced by different inbred strains of mice in response to immunization with dinitrophenylated bovine gamma globulin in Freund's complete adjuvant were demonstrated. Based upon data on F1 hybrids and backcrosses, it can be concluded that there are genetic controls on antibody affinity which are not linked to the major histocompatibility complex. In addition, the genetic controls on affinity which were studied here appear to be inherited independently of genetic controls on antibody concentration.


A review of 25 years of ABSEL Proceedings was con-ducted to determine the association's major research interests. Six major themes or research tracks were discerned. Those tracks were the sources of participants' high game performance, the effectiveness of games in strategic management and marketing courses, the validity of the mathematical models used in published games and the questions regarding what games teach and how to measure what is being taught via business games.


IPv6 network is developing rapidly, so the teaching of IPv6 network becomes more important than ever, but IPv4 network and IPv6 network will coexist for a long time. So according to the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 networks, the experiment of IPv6 and IPv4 hybrid network is designed, IPv6 network transparently passes through IPv4 network through 6to4 tunnel, and IPv6 network router communicates through OSPFv3 Routing Protocol. The detailed design, implementation and complete verification of the experiment are given. Through the completion of this experiment, students have mastered the basic theory of IPv6 network, and they are familiar with the tunnel technology across heterogeneous networks, what's more, they can carry out simple IPv6 network design.


The synthesis of benzo [k, l] thioxanthene-3,4-dicarbo-xylic acid-7,7-dioxide is described. Condensation of this heterocycle with amines, or oxidation of the corresponding imides of benzo [k, l] thioxanthene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, affords a new range of dyes which colour synthetic-polymer fibres, especially polyester, in yellow shades of excellent fastness to light and sublimation.


We introduce a D7-brane probe in AdS5 × S5 background in a way that the 4d part of the induced metric on D7-brane becomes 4d de-Sitter space (dS4) inside AdS5 instead of 4d Minkowski space. Although supersymmetry is completely broken, we obtain a static configuration and show the absence of dynamical tachyonic modes. Following holographic renormalization we renormalize the Dirac-Born-Infeld action of D7-brane and we completely fix the counter terms including finite contributions from the consistency under various limits. Through the AdS/CFT correspondence we study the chiral condensate and meson spectrum of CFT dual theory on dS4 where the energy scale is identified with the direction normal to dS4 space in AdS5. We identify and properly reproduce the finite temperature effects on dS4. Our results support the holographic interpretation of the Randall-Sundrum model with non fine-tuned dS4 brane(s) and the holography between AdSp (or dSp) bulk gravity and CFT on dSp−1 called the (A)dS/dS correspondence.


Place bisimilarity $\sim_p$ is a behavioral equivalence for finite Petri nets, originally proposed in \cite{ABS91}, that, differently from all the other behavioral relations proposed so far, is not defined over the markings of a finite net, rather over its places, which are finitely many. Place bisimilarity $\sim_p$ was claimed decidable in \cite{ABS91}, but its decidability was not really proved. We show that it is possible to decide $\sim_p$ with a simple algorithm, which essentially scans all the place relations (which are finitely many) to check whether they are place bisimulations. We also show that $\sim_p$ does respect the intended causal semantics of Petri nets, as it is finer than causal-net bisimilarity \cite{Gor22}. Moreover, we propose a slightly coarser variant, we call d-place bisimilarity $\sim_d$, that we conjecture to be the coarsest equivalence, fully respecting causality and branching time (as it is finer than fully-concurrent bisimilarity \cite{BDKP91}), to be decidable on finite Petri nets. Finally, two even coarser variants are discussed, namely i-place and i-d-place bisimilarities, which are still decidable, do preserve the concurrent behavior of Petri nets, but do not respect causality. These results open the way towards formal verification (by equivalence checking) of distributed systems modeled by finite Petri nets.


charged with the application of competition law. His book puts forward a strong argument for a competition law based on fundamental rights of liberty and equality. Competition law is justified by the need for State regulation of the market to ensure that these principles are upheld. This leads Soriano to a historical analysis of administrative law drawing from the French and German experience. He points out that competition law can give way to other aims (p.50). Furthermore, Soriano has little time for economic arguments based on efficiency. He supports this approach with an account of an economist who defended corruption because it encourages the efficient exchange of information. In the author's view, there are principles which take precedence over such arguments of efficiency. Although Soriano draws support from the US approach (albeit "cum grano salts"), this rejection of any need to take account of economic theory of efficiency goes further than many anti-Chicagoans. The author completes his views on the principles of competition law with a strident call for privatisation and deregulation of Spanish industry, echoing the UK government's policies of the 1980s. Although Soriano rejects the simplistic labels of right and left (p.xxxi), this last point must involve the balancing of competing rights and aims—which surely involves a political decision. Do the views represented in Soriano's book reflect the attitude of the Tribunal? The first point is that the 1989 Royal Decree itself draws on fundamental rights protected by the Constitution. Moreover, decisions of the Tribunal seem to reflect Soriano's approach. In the important 1993 case, Liga de Futbol, the Tribunal fined the Spanish football league 147.5 million pesetas (about £700,000) for granting exclusive rights to a limited number of television stations to broadcast football matches on Spanish television. This decision seems more based on an idea of equality rather than any economic theory. The idea seems to be that all TV stations should be free to transmit the pictures even if this may reduce their value to the football clubs. Whatever one thinks about the approach described and advocated in Soriano's book, it raises interesting questions for comparative European competition law. The philosophy underlying a system of competition law is the most important guide to the application of the system. On this score, it may well be that the Spanish system is more open than many other systems.


THE following resolution was adopted at a meeting held on December 31 by the American Society of Naturalists during the recent Atlantic City meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science: "The American Society of Naturalists observes with regret an increasing tendency in certain parts of the world to require of investigators the conformity of their research to officially prescribed doctrines. This society wishes to emphasize that intellectual progress is compatible only with perfect freedom in the conduct of investigation and in the announcement both of results and of conclusions based upon those results. Attention is called also to the fact that the scientific world can place no reliance upon reports of research carried on under conditions which limit its freedom by an enforced agreement with any preconceived views or dogmas."


In this paper, in order to predict the crack growth trajectory and to evaluate the SIF under mixed modes (I & II), one proposes a new finite element program for crack growth using the source code written in FORTRAN. The fin ite element mesh is generated using an advancing front method, where the generation of the background mesh and the construction of singular elements are also added to this developed programme to facilitate the crack process and the fracture analysis. Displacement Ext rapolation Technique (DET) was employed to evaluate the SIFs under mixed mode loading conditions. Therefore, the accuracy of both SIFs values and the crack path predictions results are compared and validated with other relevant published research work. Ho wever, the assessment indicated that this developed fin ite element programme is reliable and robust to evaluate the SIFs and predicts the crack trajectories successfully based on the applied loading conditions.


Tolkaappiyam is a comprehensive text on grammar which contains total 1610 sutras in the nurpa meter, it contains three books such as letters, words and subject matter. Tholkaappiyar has explained about the various types of claims both internal and external in subject matter.  In particular, he points out the narration in the 15th song out of 34 songs. This article explains the way in which Natrinai songs are composed with special interpretations called narrations. M.S. Rabising explains narrations as follows. A narration where one of the characters is speaking directly to the audience is called poetry.  Subjective songs are classified as ``Talaivan Kootru'', a song that sounds like a boy speaking, and ``Thozhi Kootru'', a song that sounds like a friend speaking.  In Tiruvalluvar's Kamathuppal, this type of narration or conversationis very famous.  In subjective literature, the hero and the heroine are the main character for narration. Therefore, this article reveals the manner in which the narrators follow the internal norms by analyzing the hymns from the perspective of the performers during the times of love making.


Background: AT-hook motif-containing proteins are associated with chromatin modifications. Results: The Arabidopsis AT-hook protein AHL22 regulates H3 acetylation and methylation in FT chromatin by binding to an intragenic AT-rich DNA sequence. Conclusion: AHL22 acts as a chromatin remodeling factor that regulates FT expression in flowering induction. Significance: Learning how the FT gene is regulated is critical for understanding gene regulatory mechanisms of flowering. Coordination of the onset of flowering with developmental status and seasonal cues is critical for reproductive success in plants. Molecular genetic studies on Arabidopsis mutants that have alterations in flowering time have identified a wide array of genes that belong to distinct genetic flowering pathways. The flowering time genes are regulated through versatile molecular and biochemical mechanisms, such as controlled RNA metabolism and chromatin modifications. Recent studies have shown that a group of AT-hook DNA-binding motif-containing proteins plays a role in plant developmental processes and stress responses. Here, we demonstrate that the AT-hook protein AHL22 (AT-hook motif nuclear localized 22) regulates flowering time by modifying FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) chromatin in Arabidopsis. AHL22 binds to a stretch of the AT-rich sequence in the FT locus. It interacts with a subset of histone deacetylases. An Arabidopsis mutant overexpressing the AHL22 gene (OE-AHL22) exhibited delayed flowering, and FT transcription was significantly reduced in the mutant. Consistent with the delayed flowering and FT suppression in the OE-AHL22 mutant, histone 3 (H3) acetylation was reduced and H3 lysine 9 dimethylation was elevated in the FT chromatin. We propose that AHL22 acts as a chromatin remodeling factor that modifies the architecture of FT chromatin by modulating both H3 acetylation and methylation.


We consider the navigation problem of a robot from a starting point S to a target point T inside an unknown polygonal environment. The robot knows the directions of the points S and T and it can detect the walls of the environment through its tactile sensors. We present a competitive strategy for the robot to reach the target T. The path length generated by the robot is /spl les/4.5d(/spl kappa/-1)(/spl kappa/+2)/spl times/d, where, /spl kappa/=3/sup (d/2-1)/ and d is the L/sub 1/ distance between S and T.


The platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is characterized by its anabolic, anti-inflammatory and gelling capability. Nowadays, the PRP is considered effective in the repair of cartilage defects, and its gelling capability is proper to filling chondral defects. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the use of activated PRP as a fibrin gel scaffold, such as support for the use with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), on the treatment of experimentally chondral articular defects. Twelve horses were subjected to an arthroscopic surgery at time zero of the experiment (T0). A chondral defect of 15 mm diameter was created on the medial femoral trochlea and these 12 joints were divided into two groups each with six joints in each group (GA and GB). The joints of the GA were treated with implantation of MSC and PRP-gel. GB joints were the control group. MSCs were cultivated from adipose tissue and PRP-gel was obtained by double centrifugation protocol followed by addition of lyophilized thrombin. After five months (T150) was performed new arthroscopy for macroscopic evaluation of the defect local, collect samples of tissue repair for electron microscopy assessment and also was implemented a magnetic resonance images and computed tomography on GA. It was observed that the PRP-gel associated with CTMs showed a suitable treatment of experimental chondral defects in horses. GA showed a better macroscopic and microscopic appearance of the tissue repair. GB showed smaller number of chondrocytes and increased collagen fibers disorganization. At the magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging only the local of chondral defect was viewed. The PRP-gel scaffold was satisfactory to use and support MSCs implantation. It showed an easy handling and it was effective, showing a promising results in the repair of induced chondral defects.


Studies involving 28 cross combinations between parents representing major seed colours in chick pea showed that five independent loci were involved in the production of seed colour. One of the five pairs of genetic factors Pp which had been previously found to differentiate pink and white flowers was also responsible for differentiating buff and related seed colours from dark seed colours like fawn, brown, green, and grey or black. The recessive allele (p) was epistatic over other loci influencing seed colours and its dominant condition (P) was essential for the production of fawn and darker seed colours.


Scientific researches of the latest years intently consider the formation of the student's personality under the influence of the contemporary technologies of the physical culture and sport during the professional education. Owing to the physical activity the value of the sport increases not only in general, but also as a factor of socialization and education of the personality, because exactly during the process of physical activity and in cause of that variable relationships between people appear.


PURPOSE Lateral osteoarthritis of the valgus knee is a challenging problem, especially for young and active patients, where prosthetic replacement is not indicated. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate clinically and radiographically 91 patients with valgus knee treated with distal femoral varus osteotomy in mid and long term follow-up. METHODS A clinical retrospective evaluation based on IKDC, OXFORD and WOMAC scores of 91 patients at 4 to 10 years of follow-up was performed. Subjective evaluation was based on a VAS for pain self-assessment. Radiographic evaluation was performed by an independent observer of all 91 patients at 2 to 6 years of follow-up. A survival analysis was performed assuming revision for any reason as primary endpoint. RESULTS The present study reported a marked improvement in clinical score at a mean 8,3 years of follow-up with statistical significance (p CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that distal femoral varus osteotomy is an effective and reliable option to manage lateral tibio-femoral compartment early degenerative joint disease in young- to middle-age patients, providing a satisfactory clinical improvement at a mean follow-up of 8 years. Furthermore, its survivorship at 8-years follow-up is over 95%.


[Objective] The purpose of this research was to study the optimum formability conditions of mixed granulation of Caragana korshinskii Kom.and Medicago sativa Linn.[Method]The moisture content,granularity and mixture ration of raw materials were made sure to study the formability of mixed granulation of Caragana korshinskii Kom.and Medicago sativa Linn.[Result]The results indicated that the optimum formula of the formability of mixed granulation was as follows: the ratio between Caragana korshinskii Kom.and Medicago sativa Linn.was 45∶55,moisture content was 23%-24% and granularity was 5 mm.[Conclusion] This study will provide the theoretical foundation for correlated research of mixed grass granule.


Objective To investigated the absorbed dose response of Al2O3 dosimeter in water phantom irradiated by 60Co γ spectrum source. Methods The EGSnre simulation program code DOSRZnrc was used to calculate the absorbed dose of the Al2O3 dosimeter and that of the equivalent volume of water in the corresponding position, as well as the absorbed dose conversion factor, irradiated by 60Co photon beams in a water phantom. Simulations were done for a eylindrieal geometry dosimeter (diameter 0.4 cm and height 0.1 cm) and the dosimeter was placed at the centre of the water phantom at different depths. Results The average absorbed dose conversion factor is 1.143 ± 0.006 and changes little with the depth of the dosimeter in the water phantom, and the deviation is less than 1.0 %. Conclusion The absorbed dose response of Al2O3 dosimeter irradiated by 60Co γ spectrum source is steady and is independent on the depth of the dosimeter in water phantom in this research.

Key words:
Monte Carlo simulations; Al2O3 dosimeter; Absorbed dose response; EGSnrc


This paper presents a VR toolkit for path planning and manipulation of nanotube. The toolkit is capable of modeling the interactions between an AFM tip and carbon nanotubes on a substrate surface and generating optimum and safe manipulation paths. In addition, haptic guides were designed to help the user to follow the calculated paths, to avoid obstacles.


O bjectives: To estimate the effect of health promotion activities developed in a child education school, on the children's oral health profile, relating oral manifestations to social, sanitary and feeding factors. Methods: Interventional, longitudinal and describing quantitative work, accomplished with 41 preschool children aged four to six years, living in the area assisted by an Equipe de Saúde da Família - ESF (Family Health Team) in the city of Porto Alegre-RS. Diagnosis of dental caries and gingivitis was carried out through oral clinical examination at the beginning and at the end of the study. The dietary pattern was obtained by applying a questionnaire and the social-sanitary aspects of the families, from the records of the A-Form in the Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica - SIAB (Primary Health Care Information System). Results: Caries disease was diagnosed in 58.5% (24) of the children, whose dmft index (total sum of decayed, extracted and filled teeth) was 2.43. There was a decrease in the number of decayed teeth and an increase in extracted and filled teeth. The rates of visible plaque and gums bleeding got better. The social-sanitary aspects were standardized in the community, being not representative. The group presenting the highest dmft values followed a diet containing sugars, with viscous consistence and an intake frequency of four or more times a day. Conclusion: The activities of health promotion developed in the school partially changed the children's oral conditions. There was a positive correlation between consistency, composition and frequency of diet and the presence of caries disease; on the other hand, there was no significant relation between social-sanitary conditions and the presence of oral diseases. con aumento de los extraídos y obturados. Los índices de placa visible y sangramiento de las encías mejoraron. Los aspectos socio sanitarios fueron estandarizados en la comunidad y no fueron representativos. El grupo con valor más elevado de ceo-d poseía una dieta de azucares de consistencia pegajosa y frecuencia de cuatro veces al día o más. Conclusión: Las actividades de promoción de la salud desarrolladas en la escuela modificaron en parte las condiciones de salud bucal de los niños. Hubo relación positiva entre la consistencia, composición y frecuencia de la dieta y la presencia de caries; por otro lado, no hubo relación significativa entre las condiciones socio sanitarias y la presencia de enfermedades bucales.


Concern about the possibility of failure of miles of medium voltage (15-35 kV) underground residential distribution (URD) power cable is discussed. This concern centers on the cable specification decisions that were made years ago an the consequences of cable failure and subsequent replacement. The factors that degrade URD are recalled. Choice of insulation material is discussed. The effects of thermal conductivity and thermal expansion are examined. Accelerated cable life test (ACLT) results are considered in the context of the debate over ACLT vs. underground testing. It is concluded that ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) has performance characteristics that permit cables to be used successfully under conditions of electrical stress, heat, and moisture, and that outstanding performance in ACLTs of cables insulated with EPR-based compounds is obtained.<<ETX>>


Eunuchs in India, commonly known as 'Hirjas', are under-represented and marginalized. They rarelyaccess conventional health-provider systems due to mistrust and fear of censure. This is the story of Asha, who was brave enough to approach a community medicine resident in a municipal hospital for medical aid and counselling, and how she brought home the message that every patient deserves dignity and respect.


With the increasing sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors, we expect to observe multiple binary neutron-star systems through gravitational waves in the near future. The combined analysis of these gravitational-wave signals offers the possibility to constrain the neutron-star radius and the equation of state of dense nuclear matter with unprecedented accuracy. However, it is crucial to ensure that uncertainties inherent in the gravitational-wave models will not lead to systematic biases when information from multiple detections are combined. To quantify waveform systematics, we perform an extensive simulation campaign of binary neutron-star sources and analyse them with a set of four different waveform models. For our analysis with 38 simulations, we find that statistical uncertainties in the neutron-star radius decrease to ± 250m (2% at 90% credible interval) but that systematic differences between currently employed waveform models can be twice as large. Hence, it will be essential to ensure that systematic biases will not become dominant in inferences of the neutron-star equation of state when capitalizing on future developments.


The purpose of the study was to assess the trends for change of indicators characterizing the state of health of minors (15 17 years), contained in the prisons of the Privolzhsky Federal District during the current reform of the penal system for the years 2007-2013.Analysis of the dynamics of the complex traditional statistical indicators (total and primary morbidity, mortality, disability), characterizing the state of health, contained in the penal system of the Privolzhsky Federal District has been made. Health indicatorsof juveniles detained in Privolzhsky Federal District, during the study period were characterized by an increase of the total (7.7%)and primary (28.5%) morbidity. The work shows significant differences in the level and structure of the studied parameters in penal system from similar parameters of the population.The obtained results allow us to ascertain the presence of the negative trends in the indicators characterizing the health of theinvestigated contingent, and determine the need for organizational change in existing approaches to prevention and treatment, taking into account the features of prisons.


This study aims to describe the process of developing interactive media. In particular, this study aims to produce its to improve early childhood financial literacy. This study uses the ADDIE development model consisting of 5 main stages : (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Develop and (4) Implement and (5) Evaluate. Data analysis techniques through stages; First, analysis of validity through the average score of the developed media aspects. Second, if each category is valid, then proceed to the analysis of the effectiveness of the product through the analysis of media practicality questionnaire data by teachers and early childhood. Validation by media and materials experts to determine the success of media design. Based on the results of the validity test questionnaire for interactive media development, it can be said that the media is categorized as valid with a validity percentage of 84%, this interactive media as whole has a good validity.


The decay Bc+ -->J/psi pi+pi-pi+ is observed for the first time, using 0.8 fb-1 of pp collisions at sqrt{s}=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The ratio of branching fractions BR(Bc+ -->J/psi pi+pi-pi+)/BR(B_c+ -->J/psi pi+) is measured to be 2.41+-0.30+-0.33, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The result is in agreement with theoretical predictions.


Purpose Approximately 40% of men and 60% of women sustain an injury during U.S. Army basic combat training (BCT). These injuries impose significant costs on the Army. However, the economic costs of BCT-related injuries have never been quantified. This study estimated the direct medical costs to the Army of BCT-related injuries. Methods The Total Army Injury and Health Outcomes Database (TAIHOD) was used to identify medical encounters for a cohort of trainees who started BCT from 2002 to 2007. Injury-related medical encounters were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) diagnosis and procedure codes. Total direct medical cost per trainee was calculated by summing inpatient and outpatient costs. Injury related medical costs were estimated using an incremental cost analysis whereby medical costs of injured trainees were compared to medical costs of uninjured trainees, controlling for potential confounding variables using multiple regression. Results Overall, the Army spent an average of $1200 on medical care per trainee over the study period. Injury status was the single largest predictor of costs. The mean medical cost per injured trainee was $1755, compared to $795 per non-injured trainee. Thus, for each injured trainee, the Army spent an additional $960, on average. After adjusting for other factors that affect costs, the mean additional cost of injury was estimated to be $872, which amounted to approximately $22 million per year. Mean costs varied by trainee characteristics, type of injury, and training location. Conclusions BCT-related injuries impose enormous economic costs on the US Army. Variation in medical costs across training locations suggests that treatment practices also may vary. Further research is needed to identify specific factors that contribute to increased costs at certain locations and opportunities for reducing costs. Significance and Contribution to Science This study provides a baseline estimate of the direct medical costs of BCT-related injuries.


Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of CT guided percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy in treatment of hepatic cysts.Methods Sixty three patients with single(n=41)and muttiple(n= 22)hepatic cysts were undertaken CT guided pereutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy with injection of absolute alcohol.Results Sixty three patients underwent follow-up for 3-15 months after the operation showing effective indexes as grade 0 for 4(6.39%),gradeⅠfor 8(12.69%),gradeⅡfor 23(36.51%)and gradeⅢfor 28(44.44%)cases.The total effective rate reached 93.61%.No serious complications occurred. Conclusion Sclerosing therapy with absolute alcohol is safe,economic,simple and effective for treating hepatic cysts.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:850-852)


The invention concerns paper-coating compounds which have high brightness, a high greying limit and high light-fastness and can be produced by means of optically brightened fine-particle plastics.


Motion capture data exhibits its complexity both spatially and temporally, which makes it a hard work to measure the similarities between human motions. We propose a motion data indexing and retrieval method based on self-organizing map and symbolic aggregate approximation. And the hierarchical clustering method is implemented, which can discover the relationships between different motion types by a binary tree structure. Then the motion motifs of each cluster are extracted for the retrieval of example-based query. The experiment results show the performance of our approach.


Dear Editor, The article "Surgical and postsurgical wound care in hidradenitis suppurativa" by Manfredini et al addresses a general, concise evaluation of the surgical techniques of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Especially for surgeries including large areas, prolonged epithelialization is problematic due to long lost workdays along with an increasing risk of infection during this extended period. Meticulous wound care is imperative to obtain optimal results. The authors would like to mention a particular wound dressing, oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC), which is helpful during their practice of HS surgeries for several reasons. ORC is an established surgical hemostat offering hemostasis during and/or after surgery and is preferred by various surgical disciplines. Bleeding is a major problem for HS surgeries making the procedure tedious. In addition, the control of bleeding is imperative to avoid postoperative complications such as hematoma formation and delayed wound healing. Despite electrocoagulation or carbon dioxide laser contributes to bleeding control, they are not always adequate. The implementation of ORC provides a clear vision throughout the procedure. Following surgery, the authors leave the dressing on the surgical field (Figure 1A) contributing to the minimization of the clot. In case of excessive bleeding, the dressing needs to be changed. In addition to strong hemostatic property, ORC is also demonstrated to induce significantly quicker re-epithelialization compared to conventional gauze dressings in split-thickness skin graft donor sites. This feature can be related to a lower load to be removed in the inflammatory phase of wound healing (Figure 1B-D). The authors have already used ORC in a total of 11 HS patients. Bilateral HS surgery in the same session is not preferred during our surgical practice. In the first four patients, in order to make a comparison on surgeries of the right and left sides on different timelines, one site was covered with ORC and the other site with foam dressing. Clinician and patient statements along with the evaluation of clinical photographs detected improved vision during surgery, better patient comfort and quicker epithelialization in the parts covered with ORC. Depending on this observation, the authors prefer ORC on a routine basis in all of their HS surgeries. Still, regarding the cost of this wound dressing, an alternative approach is to reserve ORC only to Hurley stage II and III patients with extensive involvement. ORC might be regarded as an expensive wound dressing, whereas limiting its use only to the first week of HS procedures serves significant benefit to the outcomes. In addition, a large proportion of HS patients eligible for surgery have been already on expensive medications including biologics. Thus, the price of ORC is negligible when compared to the general burden of HS patients on health care systems. In conclusion, ORC serves several advantages on HS surgeries as it avoids hemorrhagic crusts, wound infection and leads to faster reepithelialization.


BACKGROUND
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has an incidence of 0.5%-1%. It is thought that immune reaction disorders in the mother may evolve in unexplained RSA, which has a higher incidence in women over 40 years old.

METHODS
Twenty-three patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion of unknown origin and two autoimmune cases were treated with intravenous specific immunoglobulins at the 5th-6th week of pregnancy and fifteen days later.

RESULTS
After treatment, nineteen patients brought their pregnancy to term, five aborted, one is pregnant at present.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of immunoglobulins seems to be efficacious in recurrent spontaneous abortion of unknown origin. Our results support the theory that this treatment is able to passively transfer the sparking off factor that allows the pregnancy to evolve.


The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, discloses an atropine sulfate injection and a production process thereof and mainly solves the problems of poor heat stability, large quantity of drop points in a sterilization process, low raw material utilization rate and the like. The technical scheme mainly includes that the production process includes: enabling aseptic operations in an atropine sulfate injection filling procedure under class-100 laminar flow, canceling a sterilization step, subjecting the injection to aseptic filtration by the aid of a 0.22 micrometer micropore filtration (pressure is supposed to be larger than or equal to 0.34MPa), filling according to filling operation instructions, and checking quality of a sealing port at any time; selectively examining packing volume, visible foreign matters and residual oxygen quantity every 60 minutes, wherein the packing volume is controlled to be 1.00ml-1.10ml per injection, and the residual oxygen quantity is smaller than or equal to 2.0%. Products produced according to the process are higher in stability, production cost is evidently reduced, batch production is benefited, and excellent market prospect and worthiness of popularization are achieved.


This paper is concerned with the Weighted Energy-Dissipation (WED) functional approach to doubly nonlinear evolutionary problems. This approach consists in minimizing (WED) functionals defined over entire trajectories. We present the features of the WED variational formalism and analyze the related Euler-Lagrange problems. Moreover, we check that minimizers of the WED functionals converge to the corresponding limiting doubly nonlinear evolution. Finally, we present a discussion on the functional convergence of sequences of WED functionals and present some application of the abstract theory to nonlinear PDEs.


Since the 'Rose Revolution' in November 2003 and the rise to power of a decidedly proWestern leadership under the presidency of Mikheil Saakashvili, Georgia—after years of delays—has started to fulfil the significant number of remaining obligations and commitments that the country undertook when becoming a member of the Council of Europe in 1999. The efforts of the Saakashvili leadership to build a strong state and restore territorial integrity, fight corruption, promote democratization and enhance integration into European and North Atlantic structures have crystallized into a series of judicial, economic, educational, social and other reforms, keenly supported by the international community. In the field of human rights and other areas of concern to national minorities, steps towards meeting European and international standards have also been made. Georgia now pays very serious attention to its international obligations and commitments. The new Georgian political elite remains keenly interested in furthering its integration into Euro-Atlantic structures and, with the prospect of becoming a NATo member in the not too distant future, the country's leadership is stimulated even further to complete the fulfilment of its obligations and commitments to the Council of Europe, including relevant provisions on national minorities and related issues.2 Although the pace of signing, ratification, adaptation and implementation of Council of Europe


Recently, it has been shown that 1,5-diphenyl-penta-1,4-diyn-3-one (DPD) has some surprising characteristics as photoinitiator for free radical polymerization. In the present investigations we focused on the photochemistry in hydrogen donating isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and neutral acetonitrile (MeCN). HPLC and column chromatographic separation were applied for photoproduct identification. Different types of radical quenchers such as the stable radical TEMPO and the non-polymerizable monomer methyl t-butacrylate (t-BAM) were also used to identify the initiating species. In IPA, fast hydrogen abstraction reaction similar to that of benzophenone was found, whereas the hydrogen donor is the initiating molecule. Significantly, slower 2 + 2 cycloaddition reaction involving the carbonyl group is the predominant pathway in MeCN. Experiments with t-BAM indicated that DPD is directly responsible for the initiation process.


Objective: The present study aimed to clarify the characteristics of beginner's self-evaluation during the early stage of nursing skill acquisition, and to investigate effective educational methods for improving self-evaluation ability. Methods: The state of the nursing skills of 9 first-year nursing students and the content of their self-evaluations before and after individual tutorials were analyzed. Self-evaluation characteristics were extracted using qualitative induction. Results: The characteristic "Despite self-awareness of the lack of skill acquisition during implementation practice from the dual perspectives of recognition and behavior, only partial self-evaluation was possible due to lack of clarity regarding the aim, significance and points of behavior (subcategory, 4 items) was extracted from the self-evaluations of beginner students before individual tutorials. Conversely, the characteristic "By experiencing an actual sense of skill acquisition, self-evaluation perspectives were determined and the quality and validity of self-evaluations were increased through the process of reviewing the personal skill acquisition process, thereby revealing individually relevant study issues" (subcategory, 5 items) was extracted after individual tutorials. Discussion: The present findings indicate that conscious sharing points during nursing skill acquisition between instructors and students from an early stage can contribute to improvement in self-evaluation ability.