To reveal the evolution of habitat distribution for multiple fish species in the lower reaches of the Gongzui Hydropower Station, this study conducted a catch survey to determine the target species of the reach. Based on their suitability curves, a combined suitability assessment model for multiple fish species was constructed. The reliability of the model was verified by combining acoustic observations of flow fields and fish distribution in specific flow conditions. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was coupled to quantitatively analyze the distribution characteristics of fish habitat patches under different flow conditions. The results indicate that the correlation coefficient between the multi-species comprehensive suitability index and the number of fish is 0.676, which indicates that the model can better evaluate the distribution of multiple fish habitats in the study river reach; the weighted usable area (WUA) decreased as the discharge increased; from low flow condition (<800 m3/s) to high flow condition (>2000 m3/s), the patch area of suitable habitat decreased from 11,424 m2 to 1268 m2, and the connectivity between patches also showed a downward trend; and the habitat shifted to the near-shore area of the downstream wider and shallower section, which was highly correlated with the migration process of low-depth and low-velocity areas. The model proposed in this study can establish a rapid response between the suitable habitat distribution of multiple fish species and discharge conditions, which can provide a research method for quantitative evaluation of multi-species habitats in river, and make a significant contribution to the sustainable development of riverine fisheries resources and river water ecology.


With the rapid development of technology and economy,the project management gradually becomes the focus of the management theory and practice.This paper first gives an brief review of WBS and explores the theories and methods of risk management and quality management,then points out an obvious problem in current study-the relative independence of risk management and quality management.The author introduces an analysis structure of RBS and QBS based on WBS and gives a case of a project for a new automobile product.


This case series (see also the A case, UVA-BP-0383) traces the formulation and implementation of a strategic plan for the New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), and profiles, in detail, the highly inclusive and original planning process used. The NYBG planning process reflects many of the themes of creativity, inclusiveness, and vision that characterize the concepts of strategic thinking, collaboration, and empowerment so prevalent in recent business discussions. The B case takes place in 1997, five years into the plan's seven-year time horizon. It reviews the dramatic successes the plan has made possible at the Garden.


This paper presents two versions of an applied general equilibrium model for the regional economy of Andalusia, Spain, that differ in the Public Sector behavior. We intend to exemplify the use of a model with these characteristics to analyze the impact that the reform of the personal income tax (Act 40/98) implemented in Spain as a whole would have had on the Andalusian region in particular. Such an important tax reform is bound to affect the behavior of the agents in this economy, both in the microeconomic and the derived macroeconomic spheres. The general character of the tax reform under analysis and the relations among the different economic agents advise us to use models with these characteristics to study the effects of this reform. The models is of the neoclassical variety and include not only the productive sectors of the economy but also the foreign sector and the government, which are usually absent from theoretical general equilibrium models. Both versions of the model are calibrated by using a Social Accounting Matrix of Andalusia for 1995.


Silicate-based porous sound-absorbing materials are manufactured by the Portland cement,with the way of in-situ assembly.The porous materials with different types of fiber or different content of fiber are manufactured by changing the addition of fibers.The effects of fiber on the sound-absorbing characteristics of porous materials are investigated.The sound-absorbing characteristics are tested by the devices of standing wave,and the morphology of materials is analyzed by SM.The result shows that,PP fiber and glass fiber have great effects on sound-absorbing performance of the materials.When the length of PP fiber is 19mm,the performance of the material reaches optimum. With the increase of PP fiber content,the material's middle-low frequency sound absorption property is enhanced,but the middle-high frequency sound absorption property is lowed.At the same time,with the increase of glass fiber content, the material's middle-low frequency sound absorption property is enhanced,but the middle-high frequency sound absorption property is lowed.


Pits of different age,and moisture content,ammonia nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,humus content,and bacteria amount in pit mud in different production stage of Xifeng blending liquor were analysed and compared.Meanwhile,the components of Xifeng blending liquor produced in different time were analysed and compared.And the corresponding measures to improve blending liquor quality,pits management,and pits maintenance were put forward.


7033 Background: Detection of measurable residual disease (MRD) is an important biomarker to direct treatment for adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Currently, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) is standard of care and can detect residual leukemia cells in 1 out of 100,000 cells (1 × 10−5). Routine use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays with higher levels of sensitivity may improve disease-free survival and overall survival in adult ALL patients. The clonoSEQ MRD assay (Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation, USA) can detect MRD at a sensitivity of 1 × 10−6 . In this study, we compare the detection of MRD by clonoSEQ assay and MFC in adult ALL patients at a single institution. Methods: We performed a retrospective study evaluating 92 adult patients with B- or T-ALL admitted to Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center between 2014 and 2022. Patients were excluded if they did not achieve complete remission (N=9) or if they presented with prior relapse (N=27). Median time to first complete remission (CR1) was 2.38 months. Among our cohort (N=56 patients), all patients underwent pre-treatment bone marrow sampling which was used for Clonoseq assay. 52 patients had contemporaneous MFC which was used for comparative analysis. MRD on MFC was defined as residual leukemia cells at a sensitivity of 1 × 10−5. MRD on Clonoseq assay was evaluated at 1 × 10−6; residual cells under this limit were considered MRD−. Results: Demographics are summarized in the table. Median time to follow-up from MRD assessment was 18.0 months. 10 patients relapsed (17.9%), 3 patients died (5.4%), and 20 patients (35.7%) underwent allogeneic transplant during first remission. Among 52 patients analyzed by both MFC and NGS at CR, 26 (50%) were concordantly MRD− by NGS and NGF, 13 (25%) were discordantly MRD− by NGF but MRD+ by NGS, and 13 (25%) concordantly MRD+ by NGS and NGF. Residual cell levels between NGS and NGF were strongly correlated (R-Squared = 0.6744, p<0.001), however, MRD status was significantly different between NGS and NGF (p<0.001 using Fisher's Exact Test). This difference was likely driven by disparities in the limits of detection between both methods. Conclusions: Assessment of MRD using the clonoSEQ assay over a standard MFC-based approach adds crucial prognostic information among adult ALL patients who achieved CR. [Table: see text]


The invention discloses a kind of ejecting type vacuum transport system, including:Longitudinally disposed vacuum transport pipeline and the compartment in vacuum transport pipeline, permanent magnet has been covered with it on the tube wall of vacuum transport pipeline, compartment magnetcisuspension is floated for generating magnetic force, two ejection forcers are respectively equipped with outside the both ends of vacuum transport pipeline, it is respectively equipped with outside two and imports and exports by the position of two close end on tube wall, it is respectively equipped in two and imports and exports by the position of two close end in carriage wall, the magnetic shield plate that vertically moved between being imported and exported outside two there are one being set in tube wall, magnetic shield plate be moveable to one outside import and export it is adjacent, when at carriage movements to the magnetic shield plate, it is located at the interior inlet and outlet of the same end with the magnetic shield plate and outer inlet and outlet is bonded, sealing device is equipped between interior inlet and outlet and outer inlet and outlet.The compartment magnetic suspension of the present invention is arranged in vacuum transport tube wall, and running resistance is small, and energy consumption is few and conevying efficiency is high.


The communist Party's construction activities during the new age of Deng Xiaoping has realized in the practice of the disorder and mistake correction, with the spirit of reform embodying in the Party's construction.


An interactive system of programs has been developed to assist in structure elucidation based on mass spectral data. The program relies on algorithms for generating all the structural isomers that constitute alternative explanations of the observed data and it associates relative plausibility values with the different isomers. The structure assembly part of the program allows for the use of overlapping substructural components, such as substructures inferred from the appearance of particular ion patterns in the spectrum of an unknown compound. Mass spectrum interpretation procedures used with this structure assembly process could exploit any form of spectrum-substructure correlation scheme. In this work, the emphasis has been on the use of detailed and class specific spectrum-substructure correlations. Applications of the program are illustrated by means of an example analysis of the mass spectra of a variety of marine sterols.


Two players, Alice and Bob, alternatively color vertices of a graph using a fixed set of colors with Alice staring first so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. Alice wins if all vertices are successfully colored and Bob wins if one of the players has no legal move before all vertices are completely colored. Thegame chromatic numberof a graph G, denoted by χg(G), is the least number of colors such that Alice has a winning strategy. Thejoin graph G∨His the graph obtained from GandHby adding the edges between all vertices ofGand all vertices ofH. In this paper, we investigate the game chromatic number of some join graphs.


The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between humor styles, self-esteem and subjective happiness among Hong Kong Undergraduate students. 232 undergraduate students from 6 Hong Kong universities are asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire in the current study. Results showed that males considered themselves as more humorous than females. Meanwhile, males used more aggressive humor styles than females. However, both genders used more adaptive humor styles than maladaptive humor styles. Additionally, positive correlations were found between adaptive humor styles, self-esteem and subjective happiness. Adaptive humor styles were found to strengthen the relationship between self-esteem and subjective happiness. The significant findings on the relationship of humor styles, self-esteem and subjective happiness can be used as reference for similar studies in Hong Kong. In addition, the mediation effects of humor styles found in the present research provide useful suggestions for future intervention and therapeutic purposes in promoting mental health.


The research problem of this thesis stems from the current legal practices on the humanitarian exception in relation to human smuggling. These practices have been identified as problematic, as family relationships have become the basis for applying the exception. Arguably, this undermines the principle idea of the exception, inasmuch as humanitarian assistance should not be based on kinship. Building upon Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical concepts, along with a gendered Bourdiesian family, this thesis sets out to explore how the notion of family is understood in relation to the humanitarian exception within the District Courts of Skane and Skane and Blekinge Court of Appeal, by analysing legal cases. The methodological tool for analysing the cases is based on Norman Fairclough's three dimensional framework for a Critical Discourse Analysis. (Less)


. We present a new implementation of the Riccati method for the linear stability analysis of weakly non-adiabatic g-mode pulsations in 7 Doradus stars.


The effect of zinc plating industrial effluent on some biochemical parameters and the phytoremedial capacity of floating aquatic macrophyte Azolla caroliniana was assessed. The effects of increasing zinc concentrations on growth characteristics of A. caroliniana namely root length, leaf area and biomass production was studied. The root growth of A. caroliniana was severely affected at higher concentration of zinc effluent (especially at 3 and 4%). Overall slight fluctuations in the moisture content represent the favorable nature of this essential micronutrient especially at 1% and 2% concentration. Maximum chlorophyll contents were observed at 2% concentration of the effluent with an increase by 41.29% over the control. The least amount of carotenoid was observed at 4% concentration. Polyphenol content of the fronds of A. caroliniana was lowest at 4% while higher accumulation was observed at 2% effluent concentration. The level of proline in the leaves of A. caroliniana was considerably increased under the influence of zinc especially at 1, 2 and 3% of the effluent concentration. It was also seen that electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS), content of the various dilution were decreased remarkably after 10 days of treatment. pH of the solution tend to become neutral while increase in turbidity might be related with root exudates and dead organics by the plant growing in the tray. The decrease in hardness, acidity, sodium and potassium content of the effluent were observed with increase in concentration of the effluent. Values for biological oxygen demand (BOD) were decreased in the effluent concentration of 2% while the decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD) was maximum in the same effluent concentration after 10 days treatment period. Zinc was accumulated in increasing order in the plants treated with increasing concentration of zinc. The bio concentration factor (BCF) values were increased serially as per increasing concentration of zinc plating effluent and all the plants growing in these concentrations showed higher accumulation capacities. 4% of the effluent recorded with higher BCF while minimum for control treated biomass was observed. In the present study increasing BCF shows that the A. caroliniana has capacity to accumulate the Zn ++ through liquid medium after ten days of exposure period.


Napoleon Bonaparte was in 1798 the first general to involve geologists as such in a military campaign. But geologists were attached to his army as civilians, without military rank or command function. In contrast, the Prussian general (later Field Marshal) Gebhard von Blücher has generally been credited with first making use of a geologist in military uniform: Professor Karl von Raumer, during the 1813–14 war of German liberation from French Napoleonic domination. Authors have claimed that Blücher consulted Raumer for information on the terrain of Silesia before triumphing over the French at the Battle of the Katzbach in 1813, and that Raumer was therefore the first geologist to help plan a military operation. But is this true? Did Raumer in effect initiate German military use of geology – pioneering the widespread use of geologists, many of them professors, in the 20th century German army?


Accurately identifying evaluation indicators and evaluating the development performance of dual circulation of China at each stage, including the period after reform and opening up, entering into WTO, the global financial crisis and the Sino-US trade friction, is of great significance to analyze the development status of dual circulation in the whole China or some regions. In order to state the development of the dual circulation at each stage, this paper establishes an evaluating index system and analyzes relevant data from the perspectives of inner cycle and outer cycle respectively. The evaluation results show that: firstly, after reform and opening up, the development of China's dual circulation has gone through a process from "the outer cycle strengthens and the inner cycle weakens gradually" to "the inner cycle strengthens and the outer cycle weakens gradually"; secondly, at each stage, the change of China's economic development pattern has its era conditions and meets the needs of national development; thirdly, there are some advantages on China's economic development brought by the dual circulation of each stage but also with some problems; fourthly, in the development of the dual circulation, international trade has always been a well-developed part, while domestic trade has been a weaker one. According to the existing problems of each stage like imbalance, developing dual circulation in the future should pay attention to domestic reform, opening up and domestic-international coordination and so on at the same time.


The inclusion of all students in the regular education creates the discussion: how can teachers promote their routine? This article is part of a larger study, and its aim is to identify how teachers interact with students who have non-speaking disability. Ten regular teachers, from 1st to 5th year, participated in the study. As instruments of research, the semi-structured interview and the Protocolo de Habilidades Comunicativas (Communicative Skills Protocol) were used. The data were transcribed and analyzed, according to the proposed objective. Themes and sub-themes were established. Among them, the subtheme Pedagogical routine in the classroom, was the main subject of the study. This subtheme was part of the theme Mediation of the teacher, to which this study was directed. The results showed that the communication abilities presented by the non-speaking student brings challenges to teachers in their mediation proposal. Such data suggest discussions that can contribute not only to the mediations carried out by the teacher, but can also promote solid researches in the school routine, in order to have clear objectives in the development of students' knowledge. This study concluded that teachers need to develop a pedagogical mediation plan that can contribute to the learning of such students. It indicated that the planning of the pedagogical mediation by teachers of the regular education is important to eliminate barriers that can interfere in the pedagogical routine of the classroom, in the communication and in the education of the student with non-speaking students.


There are several types of truths. In this paper I focus on semantic truths, and within these on factual truths. These truths are attributed to statements. I review the theory of the truth proposed by Bunge and discuss some problems that it presents. I suggest that a theory of truth of factual statements should be complemented by a theory of relevance, and propose the basic tenets of it. Finally, I briefly discuss the nature of propositions and the problem of scientific truth in the light of the presented semantic theory.


The paper discusses the feasibility and the importance of the fitness oriented Yangge dance course in P.E in the institutes and universities in China from the perspectives of the features,load and value of the fitness oriented Yangge dance.


Conference of IFLA in Manila in 1980 by the Professional Board of IFLA, and the Seminar was organized at the request and under the auspices of IFLA and was supported by Unesco and by the Library Association of the GDR in cooperation with the Ministry of Culture of GDR. The professional programme of the seminar was drafted by an International Preparatory Committee, consisting of the following members: Genevieve Patte as Chairman (Chairman of Children's Libraries Section of IFLA), Virginia Berkeley (Chairman of School Libraries Section), Irmgard Dressler (Member of the Standing Committee of the Children's Libraries Section of IFLA and member of the National Preparatory Committee of the 47th Council and General Conference of IFLA/Working group Pre-Session Seminar), Alice Geradts (Member of the Standing Committee of the Children's Libraries Section of IFLA), Rosario Gassol de Horowitz (Chairman of IFLA Section of Regional Activities for Latin America and the Caribbean), A. Raphael Ndiaye (on behalf of the IFLA Section of Regional Activities in Africa), Inger Catherine Spangen (Secretary of the Children's Libraries Section of IFLA), Vilasini Perumbulavil (on behalf of the IFLA Section Regional Activities in Asia). The Seminar took place in the Bezirksgewerkschaftsschule Leipzig Leutzsch, where


Present status of oil spill contamination along the lower reach of Yangtze River was introduced.Its influences on riparian ecological environment and the importance of the prevention and treatment study were discussed.Taking the Nanjing reach as an example,the author analyzed the factors affecting the transportation and transformation of oil spill in accidents in the middle or along the sides of the river,and then presented three important issues of emergency treatment of oil spill,i.e.,simulation and forecast,removal and recycling,and risk evaluation of oil spill.Detailed contents of the issues were put forward,which would provide references for the study on oil spill in different reaches of other rivers.


The paper by Hellmuth and Damm [1] describes a cohort study carried out from 1966 to 1991 of 50 women with gestational or Type 2 diabetes treated with metformin, 68 treated with a sulphonylurea and 42 treated with insulin. Sixteen (32%) in the metformin group had pre-eclampsia compared with ®ve (7%) in the sulphonylurea group and four (10%) in the insulin group. There were four stillbirths in the metformin group, none in the sulphonylurea group and one in the insulin group. The authors conclude that treatment with metformin during pregnancy was associated with increased prevalence of pre-eclampsia and high perinatal mortality rate. There are many problems with this study. The study was not ramdomized and included a very mixed group of patients. Until 1984 women with gestational diabetes were treated with oral agents in late pregnancy, while after that there were a few women treated by accident in early pregnancy. It is not clear if more of the insulin-treated patients were in the later years when the background outcome for pregnancy was better. As metformin is associated with less weight gain than the other agents obese patients were treated with metformin. Numerous studies have shown that obesity is a major risk factor for pre-eclampsia [2,3] and for late fetal death [4]. There is a growing body of evidence linking pregnancyinduced hypertension with insulin resistance, both being associated with the other features of the metabolic syndrome [5]. The authors quote a Swedish study reporting a three-fold increase in pre-eclampsia in obese women [6] (which is similar to that seen in this study) and a recent study from Israel showed a 12-fold increase [7]. The groups were not matched for diabetic control because in the early years HbA1c assay was not available. Poor diabetic control is a major cause of still birth and obese women are often poorly motivated and poorly controlled. Indeed, we are told that two of the stillbirths occurred in infants of `poorly regulated non-compliant obese women'. One of the others was born to a 39-year-old nullipara with polyhydramnios and an extremely macrosomic infant (4.2 kg at 32 weeks) who was only on metformin for 1±2 weeks and the other to a 46-year-old nullipara with pre-eclampsia and placental insuf®ciency who was only on metformin for about 2 weeks. In every case there were clear reasons for the stillbirths and it seems quite unreasonable to blame metformin. In the Western world metformin is not routinely used in pregnancy but a few patients do inevitably become pregnant while taking this drug. In the developing world it is used quite extensively. There have been several studies indicating that it is safe in pregnancy [8,9]. These are rather old studies but there have been none since suggesting that it is not safe. Metformin is not an ideal drug to use in pregnancy but I feel that those who have taken it inadvertently should not be worried and that those using it for good reasons should not be very concerned or put off by the evidence presented in this paper.


In this paper, I share approaches I use to develop a critical engagement with diversity in documentary media education. I discuss the inclusion and curation of diverse documentary media and interdisciplinary theoretical materials through which cinema can be recognised as a space of competing discourse formations and aesthetics. My classes on documentary media combine documentary and film studies, postcolonial and feminist thought and ethnography to equip students in developing a historically contextualised understanding of media texts. Through contextualisation, students are equipped to appreciate the sociohistorical worlds that documentaries depict/represent and the specific history of film aesthetics as they develop in dialectical relationship to the wider politico-cultural and economic frameworks within which films get made and circulate. I share a range of exercises students undertake that facilitate them in contextualising their own reactions to documentaries as tied to their subject positions and that alert them to the differences in the histories and social formations of the subjects they see on screen. This facilitates students in appreciating film texts on specific terms, for the work they do in the contexts of their production and reception. The paper uses specific examples of materials and approaches from courses I teach.


Objective: To compare the clinical effect of reinforcing kidney and activating blood serial recipe(补肾活血组方,RKASR) and gestrinone for the treatment of endometriosis(EMT) after operative laparoscopy, and explore the mechanism of RKASR in treatment of EMT. Methods: Sixtytwo EMT patients were randomly divided into the treated group(n=32) which treated with RKASR, and the control group( n=30) which treated with gestrinone. Patents in both groups were treated with operative laparoscopy. The clinical symptoms, pregnancy rate, prostaglandin content in blood, hemorrheology and adverse reaction were observed in both groups. And the changes of CA125 before and after treatment in the treated group were compared. Results: The cure rate, pregnancy rate and the change of hemorrheology in the treated group were all better than those in the control group(P0.01 or P0.05), and the CA125 content in the patients was evidently decreased(P0.01) after treatment with RKASR, but the prostaglandin content had not been decreased in treated group compared with that in control group(P0.05). Conclusion: RKASR has definite effect to EMT patients, and it's adverse reaction rate was lower than that of gestrinone.


This article uses empirical information belonging to the EURODESIP (Diagnosis of the State of Higher Education in Penal Institutions in Europe) international research project and displays the status of higher education in Spanish prisons, with the aim of helping to gain a better understanding of how higher education is affecting penal institutions and what educational role higher education plays for the inmate population. The issue thus entails dimensions that are purely cognitive in nature and other dimensions pertaining to special education policy. A survey was administered to the inmate population enrolled in university-level studies during the 2006-2007 academic year, and structured open interviews of the people in charge of educational programmes were conducted, inquiring into their practices (at basic and higher educational levels) in different prisons in Spain. The data found were then subjected to quantitative (descriptive) analysis and qualitative analysis (centring on the discourses of the different stakeholders). The results demonstrated the growing emergence of higher education in the Spanish prison system (especially in the last ten years) and the influence of higher education on penitentiary institutions. Some review and discussion are devoted to the shortor medium-term educational role higher education plays and the expanding borders and demands entailed in education in a prison setting. Special reference is made to the introduction and implementation of new communication and information technologies (particularly personal computers and the educational use of the Internet as distance education tools) as a characteristic trait of the more progressive, advanced demands made by the stakeholders in charge of providing prison education.


An overview of electron beam systems provides a of system configurations and significance of important energy measurements related to systems capabilities. The overview includes the benefits of direct vs. indirect systems, horizontal vs. vertical beam sources, and the importance of power and energy values to throughput and penetration of systems. The radiation effects on polymers are described and the mechanisms of these changes are defined. The responses of a number of polymers important to the medical industry are summarized. A few key guidelines for polymer selection are: Selection of the highest molecular weight polymer to help reduce any effects of degradation. Aromatic polymers exhibit better radiation resistance than aliphatic polymers. Antioxidants can often be added to improve radiation stability. Less oxygen dissolved in the polymer and surrounding the polymers will help reduce oxidative degradation. The material properties required for radiation resistance and suitability for electron beam sterilization are delineated and discussed.


Picosecond absorbance measurements on doubly linked diporphyrins, comprising magnesium and free base subunits (Mg-H/sub 2/), were made to assess the sensitivity of their light-driven electron transfer (ET) reactions to solvation and structural changes. Solvents vary the lifetime of the ET product (Mg/sup +/.-H/sub 2//sup -/.) in the 0.2 to 1.3-ns range and have no observable effect on the rate of formation of the ET product from the initial excited state (k > 10/sup 11/s/sup -1/). The lifetime of the Mg/sup +/.-H/sub 2//sup -/.ET product thus can be manipulated to approach the 2-4 ns lifetime of the primary photoproducts in photosystem II of green plants. Kinetic results on a noncofacial diporphyrin (slipped structure) show that the relative orientation of the macrocycles plays a measurable role in controlling ET reactions within diporphyrins. The results are discussed in terms of excited-state couplings in Mg-H/sub 2/ diporphyrins. 7 figures, 1 table.


Rapid advances in information technology and consumer demand have motivated the development of increasingly rich, complex software systems. Within these software systems, exceptions are inevitable and increasing due to the diverse range of potential points of deviations and errors, including hardware, software, and human error (Garcia, F.Rubira, Romanovsky, & Xu, 2001; Patterson et al., 2002). Modern programming languages, including Java (Arnold, Gosling, & Homes, 2000) and C# (Williams, 2002), provide exception handling mechanisms to systematically handle errors within these software system to meet reliability requirements (Alexander Romanovsky, 2003; Perry, Romanovsky, & Tripathi, 2000). However, while exception handling can improve the design of an aBstract


One of the major activities of National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh has been the training of teachers working in technical institutions especially in the northern region of the country. Three categories of programmes are offered namely Induction Training Programmes, content matter updating programmes and others (pedagogy, management, curriculum development etc.). During 2014-15, 4936 and 7221 teachers were trained through regular contact mode and ICT based programmes respectively. The purpose of the study was two fold (a) to study the participants' reactions towards the programmes and (b) to study the perceived impact of training programmes organized during last five years on the technical education system in the northern region of the country in order to take correctives to improve the effectiveness of programmes. The paper presents the participants' reactions towards various aspects of the training programmes and perceived impact of such programmes on technical education system as well as strategies to enhance the impact of training programmes.


An extensive amount of medical data is recorded daily from patients with walking difficulties. Due to the volume and segmentation of derived data, it is becoming increasingly difficult for health professionals to interpret the collected data and diagnose the patient's condition. The current 2D mode of interaction constrains the users' ability to obtain information in a clear and timely manner. As such it is deemed essential to develop an automated system that can extract, store and visualise in 3D the data from different sources, in order to improve 3D mental mapping, increase productivity and consequently ameliorate quality of service and management. In particular, the proposed system offers simulation capacity and Virtual-Reality visualisation experience which enhances the gait analysis process. Overall this work is concerned with the development of interactive information-visualisation software that assists medical practitioners to simplify and enhance the retrieval, visualisation and analysis of data.


This article addresses various aspects of health promotion evaluation that are under debate. The paper opens by noting the recent growth in research directed toward health promotion and its evaluation. Next the definition of "success" in health promotion is discussed in terms of 1) valued outcomes and valued processes 2) health outcomes 3) health outcomes and health promotion outcomes and 4) measurement of outcomes. The next section describes how best to evaluate "success" by presenting a hierarchy of evaluation stages (problem definition solution generation testing innovations intervention demonstration intervention dissemination and program management). Analysis of ways to assess cause and effect in evaluating outcome considers experimental designs to attribute cause and effect alternatives to experimental designs strategic issues in evaluating community/population interventions community interventions and social movements and building evidence using multiple methods and multiple sources of data. Examination of the evaluation of the process looks at program reach program acceptability and program integrity. The article concludes that the four key challenges to the evaluation of health promotion are 1) using research evidence more systematically while planning activities 2) improving the definition and measurement of outcome 3) adopting an appropriate evaluation intensity and 4) adopting an appropriate evaluation design.


Migraine is associated with ischemic stroke. Women are 3‐fold as likely as men to have migraine, and high estrogen states increase the risk of migraine with aura (MWA), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and of stroke. We review the epidemiological and mechanistic evidence of the migraine‐stroke relationship and its risk factors, with a focus on women and conditions that exclusively or predominantly affect them.


In this paper, we present the results of an analysis of Jumia and Konga, (the two biggest E-Commerce stores in Africa) to highlight personalization techniques they implemented using framework for E-Commerce personalization. We also compared how personalized experiences are uniquely provided to each customer using the traces of user's purchase history, browsing history, user preferences, on-site behaviour, and personal data. Results show that Jumia and Konga employ various personalization techniques to boost loyalty among African audiences, improve conversion rates, and increase sales. Our findings could guide designers and relevant stakeholders on how to personalize ECommerce experiences and other related sites to appeal to African audience.


This study aims to present a new perspective on the hypothetical link between 'history' and reality, and the construction of reality through representation. The imaginary transformation of 'history and reality will be discussed in the context of representation and continuity. History is not only a product of fiction, but it is also a product of formulating this representation through various means or ways of thinking. In this respect, the link that history establishes with reality both reproduces time and space, and it also makes them represented with new images. Therefore, the necessary link of history with absolute power, time, and space is related to the ground where this knowledge is constantly reproduced and to the one that produces it. This study proposes that the continuity of history and the elements that constitute it, that is, the subject of history itself and the knowledge of this subject, are represented by different realities hence they mean


The aim of this paper is to identify clusters of countries, respectively regions from the European Union based on the most relevant indicators of innovation for stimulating competitiveness. The research objectives assumed refer to the determination of the homogenous groups of countries and regions in terms of relevant indicators of innovation, the identification of the indicators of innovation that explain the differences between the clusters generated at the national, respectively regional level, and the formulation of policy recommendations based on the most relevant indicators of innovation with impact on the national and/or regional competitiveness within EU. Methodologically, hierarchical cluster was used. The results of the paper reveal that the countries are less homogenous than the regions, namely the member states of the EU are divided into four or five clusters, while the 126 analysed regions of the EU are split into nine clusters. Practically, the results indicate that there is a higher similarity between the regions, than between the countries of the EU in terms of innovation. The paper ends with several policy recommendations for supporting the most relevant determinants of innovation that leads to the increase of competitiveness.


Because electromagnetic (EM) pollution of the environment is becoming such a pervasive issue, highly efficient solutions for EM protection are being keenly sought for. Our approach provides new avenues to simple, compact, and efficient broadband microwave absorbers designed to cancel EM interferences in the microwave range. The paper demonstrates the potential of a clever organization of nanoscale inclusions (carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnetic metallic nanowires or nanoparticles) in polymer matrices for controlling the propagation of microwaves over a wide range of wavelengths (10−3-10−1 m), focusing on broadband absorption. Controlled architectures of polymer composites loaded with various nanofillers, and in particular layered stacks of composite films enable optimization of the absorption bandwidth while preserving the compactness of the structure. First, various carbon-based and metallic nanofillers are synthesized. Next, nanofillers are dispersed in a polymer matrix thanks to melt polymer processing and dispersion techniques. The absorption characteristics of resulting thin composite slabs are first characterized. Various combinations of superposed slabs are then investigated and modeled in order to optimize the absorption of the resulting multilayers. As innovative approach, the performances of the investigated structures are finally compared with the help of a new figure of merit combining the maximum absorption and its bandwidth.


The authors combine to produce a work that addresses some of the most pressing issues in athletics today. While the book focuses primarily on steroid and supplement abuse, it also covers unethical practices on the part of some coaches and athletes to gain a competitive edge. Finally, it offers healthy alternatives to supplements for athletes wishing to gain size and strength without putting their future health at risk.


The path towards a more sustainable, clean and effi cient environment seeks the development of new technologies that can achieve such needs. Fuel cell s take a major part on this movement and solid oxid es fuel cells prove to be one of the most efficient electri cal conversion devices up to date. In this work, we propose the latests developments on the technology, from materi als, novel designs to alternative fuels. Furthermor e, we analyze the environmental concerns and economical a spects of the implantation of SOFC cells on today's economy. This paper compiles the necessary knowledg e and tools to understand the state of the art of s olid oxide fuel cells.


The biosorption of copper ion by Rhodospirillum was studied. Four strains of Rhodospirillum were used as biosorbents to deal with Cu~2+ in wastewater. The results showed that Rhodospirillum R-01,R-02,R-04 had high biosorption capacities for copper ion and the R-04 was the best. Its removal rate could reach 99.1% when the concentration of copper ions was 20mg/L. The optimal uptake conditions for R-04 were: pH=2, Cu~2+ 80mg/L, 35℃, weak light and anaerobic for 45 minutes. Under these conditions, the removal rate and the biosorption capacity could reach 94% and ~48.08 mg/g, respectively. The sorption process of copper in determinated concentration was in accordance with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm, but better complied with Langmuir model.


Consideration is given to a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter structure in which the input signal is encoded using sigma-delta modulation. This filter structure can be built using simple hardware, and it can accept analog signals directly without an additional analog-to-digital converter. The signal-to-noise ratio of this filter structure due to the encoding/decoding processes is derived. An efficient implementation of this filter is considered.<<ETX>>


In this study, a needle coke was oxidized in a mixture of dilute nitric acid and sodium chlorate () solutions and followed by heat treatment. The samples were analyzed with using XRD, FESEM, elemental analyzer, BET, and Raman spectroscopy. Double layer capacitance was measured with the charge and discharge measurements. The consisting layers of the needle coke were expanded to single phase showing only (001) diffraction peak by the acid treatment for 24 hours. The oxidized coke returned to a graphite structure appearing (002) peak after heat treatment above . The structure returned could be more easily accessible to the ions by the first charge, and improve the double layer capacitance at the second charge. The two-electorde cell from acid treated coke and heat treatment exhibited the maximum capacitances of 32.1 F/g and 29.5 F/ml at the potential of .


Ecohydrology (EH) is the interdisciplinary subject of the ecology and hydrology and the science of the integrating hydrological processes with biota dynamics over varied spatial and temporal scales. It has been postulated in 1992 during Dublin International Conference on Water and Environment under the condition of the crisis of water. It complies with the two requires of sustainable development and is being favored by people as soon as being put out. It has not the orbicular theory frame and the methods systems through it is based on the abundant theory basement. EH is still on the path of hunting theory base presently and will be lasting on this path for more time in the future. It will get more quick advance after the consummating the basically theory.


Foam concrete (FC) is little used material in construction practice and it has very good potential for utilization in the civil engineering and building construction. Nowadays, it is primarily used as a leveling layer in the floor of the buildings, but its utilizability is much wider because of its particular properties. Its main characteristics are its material property and that it consists of void pores. This allows to achieve the low bulk density and saving of material inputs. As a building material, it has adequate mechanical characteristics and low thermal conductivity. A series of dynamic testing using light weight deflectometer (LWD) was carried out to estimate the reliable value of the dynamic deformation modulus that can represent the quality of the sub-base made from foam concrete beside the bulk density investigation. Static strain moduli from the second load cycle is the common required value for the sub-base design. Due to larger stiffness and thus larger deflection radius, conventional PLT apparatus is not suitable for foam concrete testing. On the other hand, when adequate dynamic modulus based on the conventional strain modulus is determined, LWD testing is quick method for the foam concrete testing. This paper presents the first attempts to estimate this relation.


The Ohio unit of the American String Teachers Association and the Ohio Federation of Music Clubs have organized to develop a chamber music center to service the Put-In-Bay String Conference and the expanded chamber music program being offered each season. Incorporation papers were signed thus forming THE ISLAND FESTIVAL ASSOCIATION which is planning a building to be leased to the Ohio ASTA and other approved musical groups. Mrs. Maurel Hunkins, retiring president of the Ohio Federation of Music Clubs, is president of the new corporation and Dr. Theron McClure, Chairman of the Put-In-Bay String Festival is the vice-president. to its distinguished faculty


Visualization is a powerful tool throughout the analysis process from the first glimpses into the data to exploration and finally to presentation of the results. This vignette is supplementary material to the paper Helske and Helske (2019) on the seqHMM package; here we discuss visualization of sequence data and hidden Markov models in more detail and give a more examples on the plotting features of the package.


or Eliyohu hanovi, was the most popular biblical figure in Jewish folklore in Eastern Europe. The oral traditions of late antiquity established the narrative foundation upon which his image would develop; his name also occurs in proverbs and songs. Elijah is said to make an invisible appearance during the Passover Seder, when a special cup of wine is poured in his honor, and at circumcision ceremonies, when a special chair is reserved for him. Disciplines Cultural History | Folklore | History of Religion | Jewish Studies | Near and Middle Eastern Studies | Oral History | Religion This book chapter is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/nelc_papers/135 10/18/2017 YIVO | Elijah the Prophet http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Elijah_the_Prophet 1/2 VISIT A CJH PARTNER WEB SITE PREVIOUS ARTICLE: Eli'ezer ben Yitsḥak NEXT ARTICLE: Elimelekh of Lizhensk GO TO: YIVO INSTITUTE FOR JEWISH RESEARCH email print cite this article Elijah the Prophet or Eliyohu hanovi, was the most popular biblical figure in Jewish folklore in Eastern Europe. The oral traditions of late antiquity established the narrative foundation upon which his image would develop; his name also occurs in proverbs and songs. Elijah is said to make an invisible appearance during the Passover Seder, when a special cup of wine is poured in his honor, and at circumcision ceremonies, when a special chair is reserved for him. As an early prophet, Elijah occupies the role of a miracle worker and healer in two biblical stories (1 Kgs. 17:8–24); of a cult leader and rainmaker in another (1 Kgs. 17:1, 18, 19:1–14); and of a guardian of morality in still another tale (1 Kgs. 21). In subsequent biblical tradition, he became the herald of the Messiah (Mal. 3:23–24). The narrative and religious basis for his recurrence in tradition is the biblical account of his supernatural disappearance when "a fiery chariot with fiery horses suddenly appeared and separated one from the other, and Elijah went up to heaven in a whirlwind" (2 Kgs. 2:11). Ever since then, in Jewish lore, Elijah is said to return periodically to earth in a variety of guises, performing miracles for individuals and communities and keeping the behavior of Jews morally in check. In Talmudic and midrashic literature, he interacts with sages, rescuing them from trouble, studying oral traditions with them, and resolving insoluble and paradoxical queries. His messianic and miraculous functions are generically undifferentiated. In medieval, Hasidic, and folk narrative traditions, the range of Elijah's actions expanded—and in folklore, his functions as the herald of the Messiah and as a beneficent miracle worker diverged. In songs Jews celebrated his messianic role, while in tales he became the model miracle worker: the supernatural, selfless ba'al shem who cured the sick, enriched the poor, and promoted social justice and welfare. He announced the birth of sons to childless couples, miraculously provided income and often enriched impoverished families, and rescued communities from their oppressors. In Hasidic narrative traditions, the meritorious could envision him spiritually or recognize him in a crowd of people wherein he took the form of a white-bearded old man, a local peasant, a wagon driver, a beggar, or even, conversely, an army officer or a landlord. As a supernatural donor who gives the needy magical objects or blessings that help them in their distress, Elijah became one of the most popular figures in East European Jewish tales. Beatrice Silverman Weinreich distinguishes, in oral Yiddish Elijah tales, nine prototypical themes and narrative situations that have their roots in earlier tradition: (1) Elijah appears in circumcision ceremonies; (2) he effects miraculous cures; (3) he teaches young boys; and (4) he appears on Passover. As a result of his teaching, (5) people become more charitable, adhering to the principle that charity saves from death. Furthermore, (6) Elijah discloses heavenly secrets, and owing to his information (7) an ostensibly pious man may be exposed as a hypocrite. In other stories, (8) the tsar refrains from burning the Talmud because of Elijah's intervention; and (9) he offers aid to an orphan. Yiddish literary works that mention Elijah the Prophet repeat these folk images, reflecting the writers' received ideas and beliefs from tales and folk songs. The proverb "Az Eliyohu hanovi iz der bal-agole, fort men gut" (When Elijah the Prophet is the wagon driver, the ride is good) succinctly summarizes, literally and metaphorically, Elijah's function in East European Jewish narrative tradition. This is the only Elijah proverb, listed as No. 166 in the classic Jüdische Sprichwörter und Redensarten (Yiddish Proverbs and Sayings; 1908) by Ignatz Bernstein. Suggested Reading Dov Noy, "Foreword," in Tales of Elijah the Prophet, by Peninnah Schram (Northvale, N.J., 1991); David G. Roskies, A Bridge of Longing: The Lost Art of Yiddish Storytelling (Cambridge, Mass., 1995); Beatrice Silverman Weinreich, "Genres and Types of Yiddish Folk Tales about the Prophet Elijah," in The Field of Yiddish: Studies in Language, Folklore and Literature; Second Collection, pp. 202–231 (The Hague, 1965); Aharon Wiener, The Prophet Elijah in the Development of Judaism: A Depth-Psychological Study (London, 1978). Search the Encyclopedia... SEARCH LIBRARY & ARCHIVES CATALOG SEARCH DIGITAL COLLECTIONS Find more information about Elijah the Prophet at the Center for Jewish History: NOTE: you will be redirected to the Web site for the HOME PAGE Angels


In this essay, the second of a series, we continue our evaluation of state Tax Increase Limitations (TILs) – special rules that limit state legislatures' ability to raise taxes, such as by requiring supermajority votes. We analyze two strategies whereby majority parties can evade TILs to the extent they so desire. We further argue that these strategies have some positive normative features. The strategies designed to evade TILs may ultimately lead toward a more effective means for controlling the size of state government than TILs themselves are able to provide.


The article is devoted to a key part of any e-commerce – customer's order execution. After overview of the main warehouse operations the input parameters and their potential combinations of acceptance and shipping zones calculation are described, which is a part of warehouse design complex task. This study demonstrates complexity of searching for optimal design solution because of big number of input parameters and constraints. In worst case, hundred of thousands parameter combinations should be evaluated to find the optimal one. Developed warehouse design system based on prediction model and serverless computing, which evaluates different parameter combinations decreases time for optimal result search and makes warehouse design more automated. Achieved results demonstrated in article help to compare efficience of different approaches for the most time-consuming part – computing sub-system: monolith architecture, microservices with horizontal auto-scaling and serverless light-weighted functional processing.


I give an overview of open, closed and heterotic N=2 strings. At the tree level I derive the effective field theories of all the strings, and discuss the group theory of the N=2 open string and the interaction between its open and closed sectors. At one loop N=2 string loop amplitudes and partition functions have incurable infra-red divergences, and show puzzling disagreements on the dimension of spacetime when compared to their effective field theories. I show that the closed-string three-point amplitude can be written directly in terms of a Schwinger parameter, so explicitly exhibiting the inconsistency. I finally discuss the possibility that the puzzles posed by the loop amplitudes could be solved if the N=2 theories were Lorentz invariant and supersymmetric, and I speculate on possible modifications of the string calculations.


Based on the theory that the biological mother of Du Fu (杜甫) was actually a member of the Bo-ling Cui families (博陵崔氏), this article reexamines the historical identity of Du Fu's two matrilateral uncles, "Cui Xu"(崔頊) and "Cui Xia"(崔俠), in order to correct the frequent errors in previous scholarship by analyzing ancient records, epitaphs and other historical documentation and comparing the investigations on those old editions of the collections of all the writings, which were containing compositions and poems, of both Quan De-yu (權德輿) and Du Fu. It point out that there was indeed a "Cui Xu" in "Tables of the Chancellors' Genealogies" of XinTangShu(《新唐書.宰相世系表》). However, this "Cui Xu" was not the "Nineteenth Elder" (十九翁), who was one of Du Fu's matrilateral uncles mentioned in Du Fu's poems, but in reality a remote cousin of "Nineteenth Elder" himself. Instead, the correct name of the "Nineteenth Elder" was "Cui Ding"(崔頂), which was proved by both Quan De-yu's collected essays, printed in the Southern Song Dynasty, and an epitaph of the Bo-ling Cuis' member collected by the QianTangZhiZhai(千唐誌齋). As for the "Cui Xia", this name was also found in "Tables of the Chancellors' Genealogies" of XinTangShu, yet this "Cui Xia" was actually not Du Fu's "Twenty-third Matrilateral Uncle" (二十三舅). This historical fact could be verified by Cui Xia's ancestry and conspectus of official service recorded in his epitaph, which was also collected by the QianTangZhiZhai. Furthermore, the annotations written by Du Fu himself in The Collection of Du Gongbu(《杜工部集》), which was published in the Southern Song Dynasty, showed that the name of Du Fu's "Twenty-third Matrilateral Uncle" should actually be "Cui Wei" (崔偉) rather than "Cui Xia".


The activities of the joint NASA/DOE/DOD Nuclear Propulsion Program Technical Panels have been used as the basis for the current development of safety policies and requirements for the Space Exploration Initiatives (SEI) Nuclear Propulsion Technology development program. The Safety Division of the NASA Office of Safety and Mission Quality has initiated efforts to develop policies for the safe use of nuclear propulsion in space through involvement in the joint agency Nuclear Safety Policy Working Group (NSPWG), encouraged expansion of the initial policy development into proposed programmatic requirements, and suggested further expansion into the overall risk assessment and risk management process for the NASA Exploration Program. Similar efforts are underway within the Department of Energy to ensure the safe development and testing of nuclear propulsion systems on Earth. This paper describes the NASA safety policy related to requirements for the design of systems that may operate where Earth re-entry is a possibility. The expected plan of action is to support and oversee activities related to the technology development of nuclear propulsion in space, and support the overall safety and risk management program being developed for the NASA Exploration Program.


A technique was developed for dealing with the production of spurious electrical signals by partially ionized shock-tube flows in the output of platinum-film resistance thermometers. It involves coating the platinum element with SiO by evaporation and converting this coat to SiO2 by fining. Voltages achieved across this SiO2 film (800 to 1000 A thick) indicate breakdown potentials of approximately 1000 kv/cm. Thermometers with and without such films were tested in argon at shock Mach numbers up to 14: the surface temperature rise of the shock tube sidewall was measured after passage of the shock wave. The thermometers with films exhibited excellent agreement with the theoretical curve, while the results for those without films dropped below the theoretical curve for Mach numbers above 7. Excellent results in air and oxygen were also observed for Mach numbers up to 15. No erosion of the SiO2 films was detected. Foils of metals like gold could be applied directly over such films; this can be used for studies of surface chemistry effects on heat transfer.


The article reveals the study of the state affiliation issue of the Western Volyn territory in the concepts and practices of Polish political groups of the 19th‒20th century and their prominent ideologues. The revival of the Polish state was the only common political aim of the conceptual grounds of the leading Polish doctrines of incorporation and federalism. Nevertheless, practical methods and ways of realising the set objectives of the concepts mentioned above in the geopolitical dimension differed significantly. The nationalist views of the Polish politician R. Dmowski formed the basis of an incorporative political program, which stipulated the restoration of an independent Polish state within the borders of 1772 with the inclusion of Ukrainian lands – Volyn territory. The political beliefs of the Polish national leader J. Piłsudski were based on the concept of a federal union of Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, and Ukraine, which in turn considered the revival of the historical tradition of state‒building. According to this concept, Western Volyn should have belonged to Poland. Analysing the evolution of the concepts mentioned above in terms of historical events of the 19th and 20th centuries and their content related to Ukrainian issues, the author highlights that the western Ukrainian lands, in particular, Western Volyn, were accepted exclusively as Polish and a priori should have been the territory of the restored Polish state. The formation of the "illusory image" of Volyn as a Polish territory directly impacted the region's further development. In particular, it influenced the relations between the neighbouring peoples ‒ Poles and Ukrainians. The establishment of official diplomatic relations between Poland and soviet russia, outlined in the Treaty Riga 1921, marked the victory of "incorporated" views over federal ideas. Meanwhile, the threat of expansion from the russian Bolsheviks contributed to the emergence of the Promethean political doctrine. Creating an independent Ukrainian state was one of the crucial elements aimed at functioning as a buffer zone between Poland and the Soviet Union. At the same time, the territory of Western Volyn was supposed to belong to Poland.


Investigation of the catalytic activity of several iron compounds on hydrogasification of coal showed that catalytic activity is dependent on the particular iron compound with the following order observed: Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ > Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ > FeSO/sub 4/ > FeS/sub 2/ > FeO > Fe. In this paper results of two series of experiments performed to aid in interpreting this dependence of reduced iron catalytic activity on precursor species are described. The assumption was made that the role of reduced iron in catalzing hydrogasification is dissociation of H/sub 2/. Also, there was evidence that catalysts affected gasification by physical interaction with the coal. Hydrogen transfer activity of the reduced iron state for six iron containing minerals were measured. Each mineral resulted in a different active site density. The nitrogen BET surface area and total pore volume on coal char samples with added iron containing minerals were measured. Again, each mineral affected the physical structure of the char differently. The investigators concluded that the catalytic activity of iron containing minerals for the hydrogasification of coal is related both to the hydrogen transfer active site density in the reduced iron state of each mineral and to the physical effect each mineralmore » has on increasing surface area and pore volume of the devolatized coal char.« less


The tenth anniversary of Brunei Darussalam's resumption of full independence was observed in 1994. The national day celebrations were kept to a minimum as 23 February fell during the fasting month of Ramadhan. The first decade has been marked by continued socio-economic progress and political stability, a significant period for a young state bent on adapting to the dynamism of regional and international changes. The year 1994 was no different for it was a busy one in both the domestic and external fields. Internally a number of re-evaluations of policies and issues were undertaken, including a review of the core of the political system ? the Constitution ? and the foundation of the state's socio-economic progress ? the Sixth Development Plan, which covers 1991-95. Externally, though Brunei had several areas of interest, the main focus was the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). From July 1994 Brunei assumed chairmanship of the ASEAN Standing Committee and will host the 1995 ASEAN Ministerial Meeting, the Post Ministerial Conference and the Second ASEAN Regional Forum. In economic affairs, the private sector, especially the various chambers of commerce, took on a more prominent and visible role in support of the government's call for economic diversification. This was evident in the establishment of various business councils with neighbouring countries, participation in official delegations during their visits abroad, and in sponsoring seminars and workshops on improving the domestic business environment. The fact that in March 1994 Brunei assumed the presidency of the ASEAN-CCI for a period of two years has further highlighted the role of the business sector.


The Internet is a global medium of communication and information sharing with the evolution of e-Commerce and eGovernance applications along with enterprise architecture evolution. It provides vast opportunities for existing marketing professionals to establish business dimensions and capture benefits with software resources. The serviceability factors of the Internet have proven to be beneficial to society, by and large, with the only limitation being the linguistic barrier, since English has been the predominant language for the World Wide Web since its inception and hence it"s usage is confined to a specific community of people have a good grasp of the English language.. The solution to this problem is web page interface localisation. Web Page interface localisation of commercial web based interactive applications is the path-breaking solution which provides efficient and effective user-friendly interface by translating the Web page interface stored on the Web Server to the target native language on the fly. Authors focused on how to provide local language access for Indian National Language Hindi and Marathi Language of Maharashtra state for the interface of commercial web based application (domain specific application) by using controlled language.


Two-level atoms, almost in resonance with electromagnetic fields in cold low-quality-factor cavities pumped with a classical radiofrequency source, can be modeled as two-level systems interacting with a classical field. This model is faithful even if the average photon number, inside the cavity, is of the order of one, as has been reported in several experiments. If the atom-field coupling constant is much smaller than the inverse of the photon mean lifetime, the timedependent Weisskopf-Wigner approximation is valid and allows to show the following. The atomic decoherence characteristic time is inversely proportional to the product of the square of the coupling constant and the photon mean lifetime. In other words, if the cavity quality factor is small, the atom decouples from its environment. Under these con- ditions, the atom effectively couples to a "classical" field with mean number of photons equals to one.


The combination of Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge Computing (EC) can assist in the delivery of novel applications that will facilitate end-users' activities. Data collected by numerous devices present in the IoT infrastructure can be hosted into a set of EC nodes becoming the subject of processing tasks for the provision of analytics. Analytics are derived as the result of various queries defined by end-users or applications. Such queries can be executed in the available EC nodes to limit the latency in the provision of responses. In this article, we propose a meta-ensemble learning scheme that supports the decision making for the allocation of queries to the appropriate EC nodes. Our learning model decides over queries' and nodes' characteristics. We provide the description of a matching process between queries and nodes after concluding the contextual information for each envisioned characteristic adopted in our meta-ensemble scheme. We rely on widely known ensemble models, combine them, and offer an additional processing layer to increase the performance. The aim is to result a subset of EC nodes that will host each incoming query. Apart from the description of the proposed model, we report on its evaluation and the corresponding results. Through a large set of experiments and a numerical analysis, we aim at revealing the pros and cons of the proposed scheme.


Polymer nanocomposites have become an exciting field of research and have attracted interest in both academia and industry. In this study, the addition of Organo-Montmorillonite (O-MMT),an ideal polymer filler due to its non-toxicity, large availability, well-known intercalation/exfoliation chemistry, and reactivity in Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane, a widely used polymer in separation fields owing to its remarkable mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties produced via non-solvent induced phased separation is observed. Presence of both polymers were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These membranes were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which revealed addition of the filler reduced the porosity and further increasing O-MMT's concentration led to a relatively smoother membrane. Influence of O-MMT in the porosity made no uniform trend however reduction in pore sizes was observed. Membranes were able to elongate at an average of 80% of its original length however tensile strength of the membranes all showed brittleness behavior of the films. Sterility Bacterial count also revealed that there are no infiltration colonies in the membranes. Analysis of the study further showed other factors that needs to be accounted since they were observed to highly affect the structure and properties of the membranes.


Biblical poems make extensive use of metaphors which related to the culture of the original writers. This study explores how Zulu youth in South Africa interpret some of these metaphors from their context. It also gave them the opportunity to translate some biblical metaphors for their peer-group, using images that are more meaningful to them. Their compositions show some insightful interpretation of the Hebrew texts, particularly with respect to their use of new metaphors (often in an expanded form). These new metaphors tend to be within the same domain as those in the original text. The ambiguity inherent in metaphor offered space for the Zulu youth to introduce new (and insightful) imagery in translating metaphors from another culture. The process is worth extending to other communities to enrich our understanding of how people from different contexts perceive and think.


Power transformers are one of the most vital as well as expensive equipment in an electric power system. Transformers may be subjected to various types of faults. Of these, the structural fault namely the winding deformation due to either dynamic effect of short circuit current or vibration during transportation or due to short circuit in nearby equipments is severe and needs attentive condition monitoring. The fault may cause a change in the physical condition of transformer which would reflect as variation in the electrical parametersresistance, inductance and capacitance of the winding. Detection of winding deformation is possible by observing the variation in characteristic resonant frequency of winding due to change in electrical parameters as a result of winding deformation. This paper aims at detection of winding deformation with improvement in detection sensitivity by the use of different test input signal. The proposed method is validated through simulation using lumped parameter model of a transformer winding.


The current paper introduces the Twin ANthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Observers (TANGO) instruments and mission. The purpose of TANGO is monitoring and quantifying greenhouse gas emissions, with a focus on characterizing emission sources down to the level of individual facilities. The TANGO mission was developed for the ESA-Scout program by a consortium consisting of ISISpace, TNO, SRON and KNMI. It consists of two agile CubeSat satellites that fly in tandem, with less than 1 minute between observations of the same target, each satellite equipped with a spectrometer of the TNO Spectrolite family of instruments that observes a different part of the spectrum. TANGO-Carbon measures emission of CH4 and CO2 in the SWIR1 spectral band. TANGO-Nitro measures emission of NO2 in the visible spectral range. The Nitro instrument has a multifunctional role, using the NO2 measurements to improve the detection of (anthropogenic) CO2 plumes, deriving historic CO2 emission trends based on available global NO2 observations, and quantifying the possible CO2 contribution in mixed CH4-CO2 sources. Each TANGO instrument fits in an 8U volume (on a 16U platform) and are all-aluminium, reflective pushbroom spectrometers covering a 30-km swath from a 500-km altitude, with a ground sampling distance of 300 m × 300 m. In this paper we will present the mission, the shared instrument concept, as well as the design and performance of both Carbon and Nitro instruments. Additional presentation content can be accessed on the supplemental content page.


Research on cognitive obstacles related to fraction sense in preservice mathematics teachers is significant, because their success depends on their skills. The acquisition of fraction sense is a complicated problem requiring a strategy to solve it. This study presents cognitive obstacles with fraction sense tests in preservice who will teach in secondary schools. It focuses on the following categories of cognitive obstacles: epistemological (language representation, tendency to generalise and rely on intuition) and didactic (less meaningful learning, and strategy). This paper takes a qualitative descriptive approach to examine 20 preservice mathematics teachers. The preservice teachers who encountered cognitive obstacles related to fraction sense testing were then grouped based on the similarity of their answers, and seven of them were selected to be interviewed. The research findings showed that five preservice teachers had overlapping obstacles: language representation and tendency to generalise; tendency to generalise and less meaningful learning; language representation, tendency to rely on intuition and trial and error strategy in; language representation and trial and error; and language representation and tendency to rely on intuition.


To investigate the role of the circadian pacemaker in cortisol reactivity to a cold pressor challenge, 26 diurnally subjects participated in a constant‐routine protocol and were divided into two groups. Group 1 started immediately after a monitored sleep period at 09:00 h, while group 2 started 12 h later. After 2 h of adaptation, a cold pressor test was presented every 3 h. The cortisol response was assessed by means of saliva samples that were taken before and after the test. The pretest samples were considered to be base‐rate measures and base‐rate values as subtracted from post‐test values were considered as reactivity measures. Both measures showed distinct Time‐of‐Day variations (respectively: F7,168 = 16.92, p < 0.001, ε = 0.383; and F7,175 = 8.01, p < 0.001, ε = 0.523). These findings are interpreted as evidence for the existence of an endogenous circadian periodicity underlying the sensitivity of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)‐axis to acute stress.


The sorption properties of technical-grade lignins were studied with respect to 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. It has been found that the lignin obtained by means of hydrolysis exhibits a high sorption capacity with respect to 1,1-dimethylhydrazine owing to a greater number of active sorption centers. Dynamics has been studied for binding unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by the hydrolytic lignin.


Chlorophyll-a is one of the most decisive parameters of the fertility waters. The dynamics of the distribution Chlorophyll-a concentration depends on the oceanographic conditions, so it can change according to the circumstances of the environment and the season. This study aims to determine the distribution of Chlorophyll-a in the northern waters of Central Java temporally and spatially. This assessment was conducted based on Chlorophyll-a data from the Aqua MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite in 2010-2016. MATLAB R2014a was used in processing data to see the distribution of Chlorophyll-a. The distribution of Chlorophyll-a appears that there are difference patterns for monthly and seasonal ocean productivity in the northern waters of Central Java. The highest fertility occurs in May, during the dry season. These waters are more fertile on the coastal areas than offshore areas, because determined by nutrients from the foreshore.


Stator double-Roebel transposition bar was used to reduce circulating current losses in engineering in general in order to guarantee insulation safety and improve operational efficiency of nuclear turbo-generator.Traditional analytical method can not accurately calculate all distributions of leakage magnetic flux along the strand transposition path.A 600MW turbo-generator was set as an example and three-dimensional solid model of stator bars with double-Roebel transposition way in a single slot was established.The field-circuit coupling method was used in numerical calculation.Comparative analysis of different transposition weave ways of bar showed that if unequal transposition pitch was adopted,the long transposition pitch was near slot center section,the number of strands was fewer and the hollow ratio of hollow strands was higher.Then"convex"of flux density Bxcomponent of groove centerline along axial direction was less obvious,the difference of current virtual value among strands was smaller and the circulating current loss of strands was smaller.


Objectives: The population health approach is increasingly recognized for its role in health system reform; however, its broad scope and definition have been criticized for being a barrier to clear communication. This qualitative study examined the way senior healthcare leaders in Canada conceptualize and operationalize the population health approach in planning and decision-making. Findings: Core elements of the population health approach included focusing on health and wellness rather than illness, taking a population rather than individual orientation, understanding needs and solutions through community outreach, addressing health disparities/health in vulnerable groups, addressing the social determinants of health and inter-sectoral action and partnerships. Conclusion: The population health approach is increasingly recognized for its role in reducing healthcare demand and contributing to health system sustainability. This study demonstrated the growing need to clarify terminology among multiform partners to establish a foundation for future healthcare integration and inter-sectoral action.


Abstract A critical survey is presented of the existing literature on the identification of multivariable systems from input-output data, along with some new directions for further research in the field. Emphasis is placed on realistic cases where the measurements are contaminated with noise


An adaptive sampling technique utilizing the first three terms of a Taylor series expansion about the n th sampling instant for the error signal in an error-sampled feedback control system is presented. The necessary rules for determining the sign convention used in applying the technique are given along with an example illustrating the method. The procedure basically depends on the determination of a preselected constant difference between successive sampling instants.


Anastasia Dimopoulou MD, PhD1 , Georgia Kourlaba PhD23, Alexandros Psarris MD, MSc4, Athanasia Lourida MD5, Susan Coffin MD, MPH67, Vasiliki Spoulou MD, PhD5 and Theoklis Zaoutis MD, MSCE, PhD68 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Attikon University General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, 2Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), Athens, Greece, 3ECONCARE, LP, Athens, Greece, 4First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, 5First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, 6The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 7University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States and 8Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States


We present a prototype light detection and ranging (lidar) system that compressively samples the scene using our deep learning optimised sampling basis and reconstruction algorithms. This approach improves scene reconstruction quality compared to an orthogonal sampling method, with reflectivity and depth accuracy improvements for one frame per second acquisition rates. This method may pave the way for improved scan-free lidar systems for driverless cars and for fully optimised sampling through to decision-making pipelines. The requirement for 3D imaging is a challenge across a range of sectors including gaming, robotics, health-care and automotive industries. Mature technologies such as radar and ultra-sound sensing are effective at long and short ranges respectively. With lidar capable of millimetric depth precision, with good spatial resolution at ranges of around 100 m, it has become a key technology in this area, with depth information typically gained through time-of-flight photon-counting measurements of a scanned laser spot. Single-pixel imaging (SPI) is an alternative imaging modality for recovering spatial information. SPI methods offer an alternative approach to spot-scanning, which allows a choice of sampling basis. Unlike scanning systems, the freedom to choose the sampling basis in SPI provides the opportunity to use compressed sensing techniques, where a high-quality image can be reconstructed from a number of measurements that is fewer than the number of pixels in the image. Compressed sensing has been demonstrated using an optimised imaging basis and reconstruction algorithm derived from a trained convolutional neural network. This deep learning approach achieves a 4% compression ratio, enabling lidar imaging using 25 times less measurements such that faster acquisition times can be used.


A simple,rapid and reliable method was established for the simultaneously qualitative and quantitative analysis of aflatoxins G2,G1,B2and B1by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in animal liver.Samples were extracted by acetonitrile-water at a ratio of 84∶16(V/V),then the extracts were centrifuged and cleaned up with multifunctional cleaning column.The elution was evaporated by nitrogen blow and dissolved by mobile phase.After injection,the chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18column using a mobile phase composed of a mixture of 10mmol/L ammonium formate and methanol(1∶1)through isocratic elution.The analytes were determinated by multiple reactionmonitoring mode(ESI+).Under optimized conditions,aflatoxins G2,G1,B2and B1could be completely separated in 9min with an excellent linear relationship.Limits of detection of 4kinds of aflatoxins were 0.030,0.026,0.016and 0.027μg/kg,respectively.The average recoveries obtained from spiked sample at three concentration levels were between 81% and 98%,with relative standard deviations less than 2%.This method is simple,rapid,accurate and suitable for the simultaneous determination of four kinds of aflatoxins in animal liver.


The increase in claims for compensation by patients to public healthcare companies highlights the key role of the provision for risks and charges. The resources set aside in the provision for risks determine the ability to cover losses or debts of determined nature, of certain or probable existence, of which, however, either the amount or the date of occurrence is undetermined. The research aims to identify the evolutionary trend of the provision of risk in national public healthcare companies. Moreover, it forecasts the future trend of provision for risks divided per the protection of civil liability towards third parties model. The research adopts a quantitative methodology to facilitate replicability and to investigate the trend of the provision for risks of a national public healthcare context, i.e., Italian public healthcare context. The research data set includes accounting information collected by websites of healthcare facilities in order to comprehend the evolutionary trend of the provision for risks. The results of the research describe a stable trend in the resources set aside in the provision for risks, a continuous decrease in the use of the provision for risks with a consequent increase in the fund itself, and a discontinuous trend in the percentage ratio between the annual provisions for the risk and the fund itself.


The maximum-entropy approach is used to calculate some problems in radiative transfer and reactor physics such as the escape probability, the emergent and transmitted intensities for a finite slab as well as the emergent intensity for a semi-infinite medium. Also, it is employed to solve problems involving spherical geometry, such as luminosity (the total energy emitted by a sphere), neutron capture probability and the albedo problem. The technique is also employed in the kinetic theory of gases to calculate the Poiseuille flow and thermal creep of a rarefied gas between two plates. Numerical calculations are achieved and compared with the published data. The comparisons demonstrate that the maximum-entropy results are good in agreement with the exact ones.


Abstract The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) can adaptively delineate complex non-linear, non-stationary signals when used as the Hilbert–Huang marginal spectrum through empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the Hilbert transform, to highlight local features of signals. Characterized by high resolution, the Hilbert marginal spectrum has been widely applied in mechanical signal processing and fault diagnosis. In the research, an HHT based on the improved EMD was proposed to analyze the cutting force, vibration acceleration (AC), and acoustic emission (AE) signals during tool wear in the milling process. At first, the collected signals were subjected to range analysis, which revealed that tool wear was closely related to the signals collected during the cutting process. Then, EMD was applied to the signals, followed by variance analysis after calculating the energies of each intrinsic mode function (IMF) component. Afterwards, the IMF components significantly influenced by wear degree, while slightly influenced by the three cutting factors (cutting velocity, feed per tooth, and cutting depth), were selected as IMF sensitive to the degree of wear. The HHT was finally applied to the sensitive IMF components of signals containing major tool wear information, thus obtaining the Hilbert marginal spectra of the signals, which were able to reflect the changes in signal amplitude with frequency. On the basis of the Hilbert marginal spectrum, the method defined the feature energy function which was then used as the eigenvector for predicting tool wear in milling processes. The analysis of signals in four tool wear states indicated that the method can extract salient tool wear features.


Most common invasive cancer in female is Breast cancer and rarely, it will be affected in men also. From the several studies found that the second leading cause of cancer death is breast cancer in women after lung cancer. The Breast cancer occurs when the cells in the breast grow and divide that cell in an uncontrolled way. Due to this cell creating a mass of tissue in the breast itself is called tumor or mass. Signs of breast cancer are seeing changes of skin on a breast, feeling a lump in a breast and size change of breast etc. If the breast cancer/ mass detected at the early stage or at initial stage, then the survival rate of patient will be improved. In this review, several modalities have been introduced to detect the breast cancer. Furthermore some of the output parameters of these modalities have been investigated. Based on various imaging modalities, were selected around 40 articles by using search engines. And studied the selected papers thoroughly and categorize the results based on modalities which have been used. The used Breast cancer imaging techniques are Mammography, Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and PET scan etc. The modality selection has been completely depends on the patient's like current state of cancer tissue and density, age of the patient etc.


Enterprises' mergers and acquisitions is a highly complicated and multiple-economic process which can be divided into three stages such as negotiation,trade and reorganization.The biggest risk exists in the stage of reorganization.We should reorganize enterprises after they finish mergers and acquisitions from three aspects including guiding system of adjustment,obvious leading system and system of improving operation.


We propose an adaptive array steered by local signal phase shifters for high-speed wireless local loops. An adaptive array used as a radio receiver usually requires one or more frequency conversion sections to achieve acceptable sensitivity performance. The phase shift and the frequency shift of the signal from each antenna element can be accomplished simultaneously at the down-conversion stage by phase-controlled local signals. The configuration can avoid the additional loss or noise in the received signal due to the phase shifter itself, and ordinary commercial quadrature modulator ICs for mobile communications can be utilized for the CW local phase shifter. The adaptive array does not require high speed digital signal processing sections with fast AD converters for all of the array elements. In this paper, we describe the practical configuration of the array as well as pattern measurements in the S-band for a prototype including the essential elements.


The value of the firm is determined by several factors such as funding decisions and financial performance of the company. The capital structure is the key to improving productivity and performance while the company's financial performance is a measure of the success of a firm in generating profitability. This study aims to determine the effect of capital structure on firm value and financial performance as a mediating variable in the property and real estatecompany in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study population was the whole property and real estatecompany listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2010 to 2014 as many as 42 companies. Method of sampling with purposive sampling method is based on criteria with a total sample of 23 companies in the property and real estate. The research data is secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) in 2010 to 2014. The variables used indicator is the Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Equity (ROE), and Price Book Value (PBV). The analytical method used is path analysis using SPSS version 20.0 for Windows. The results of this study indicate that (1) the capital structure (DAR) has a positive and significant impact on financial performance (ROE). (2) the capital structure (DER) has a negative and no significant effect on the financial performance (ROE). (3) the capital structure (DAR) has a positive and no significant effect on firm value (PBV). (4) the capital structure (DER) has a positive and no significant effect on firm value (PBV). (5) financial performance (ROE) has a positive and asignificant effect on firm value (PBV) and is able to mediate the relationship between the capital structure with firm value.


A lot of IT workers suffer from stress in doing their work and there are a few counselors to help them. To cope with this problem, an enhanced context respectful counseling agent is proposed. This counseling agent extracts emotional words from clients' utterances throughout their dialogue to detect their changes and provides clients with such changes as dialogue summary. If no change is detected, it replies with clients' utterances' paraphrases followed by context-respectful prompts to dig/ narrow problems. Especially to continue the conversation for the further digging, our newly enhanced agent restricts or relates the topics with eventual and emotional words in dialogue sentences or asks still context-respectful but self-open type questions. This way, the counseling agent can pretend to keep recognizing clients' psychological sufferings as contexts or situations. It behaves as if it empathized with clients and continues talking to clients without losing their trust. Keeping reflection on themselves, clients reach more problem clarification and self-awareness, which enables them to solve their problems. Since the agent provides only the information on clients' sayings and the summaries focused on the change in their emotions, there occur few problems of knowledge explosion and knowledge maintenance.


The invention discloses a Mycobacteriophage capable of delivering an independent luminous element and application thereof. The bacteriophage contains a gene LuxCDABE for independent luminescence of host bacteria. The bacteriophage constructed by the present invention has particle the size of up to 57kb or more, however the largest carrier realized by the lambda phage packaging in the prior art is no more than 52kb. The independent luminous element carried by the bacteriophage presents on efficient transposons, can be, together with transposable elements, efficiently and randomly inserted into the genome of the host. On the one hand, the host gene can be destroyed; and on the other hand, the host bacteria with disrupted gene can illuminate independently. The invention facilitates effective study on the functions of the destroyed host gene by using the characteristic of independent luminescence, and can quickly diagnose live host bacteria in the sample and rapidly detect the sensitivity of host bacteria to drugs. The diagnosis and detection is eight days faster than the most popular BD MGIT 960 system in the market, and is more simple, intuitive and economical.


Abstract This article examines the dramatic restructuring of the telecommunications sector during the 1980s and continuing through the present decade. The European Commission has worked hard for that restructuring, but the activities of the Commission can hardly be explained using the standard analytical repertoire found in international relations or comparative political research. After a look at the state of current integration theory, the article analyses the role of the Commission in the field of telecommunications taking the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) initiative as an example. It argues that the Commission has worked eagerly and successfully to extend its prerogative. The Commission's approach, however, has swung between the impulse to develop industrial policies under the active guidance of the Commission and the aim of liberalizing and deregulating markets. Policy‐making in the Community is not straightforward, but takes place in a system of multi‐level governance. Levels of policy‐...


We performed fenestration on 22 patients with lumbar canal stenosis.The average follow-up period was 18 months, ranging from 6 to 41 months.We evaluated the postoperative results according to the criteria for lumbar disorder of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA score).The average preoperative JOA score was 13. After operation, symptoms were reduced in many patients, with an average JOA score of 22.8 and an improvement rate of 55%.Fenestration is a useful procedure for degenerative and combined type of lumbar canal stenosis.


According to the target of cultivating modern veterinary medical talents,with the construction of demonstration center school,the establishment of advanced teaching philosophy,clear up teaching reform,perfect the teaching system and teaching content,improv teaching method and teaching means,effectively improve the level and quality of personnel training,enhance the demonstration radiation effect demonstration center.


The combination of transition-metal Lewis acidity and radical-type reactivity of "redox non-innocent" ligands bound to the same metal plays a pivotal role in the biochemistry of several important metalloenzymes, thus enabling them to perform transformations which would otherwise be difficult to perform. The catalytic mechanism of alcohol oxidation by galactose oxidase is probably the most well known. [1] Bio-inorganic chemists are successfully applying non-innocent or radical ligands to create catalytically active, and thus functional models of these enzymes. [1b] Therefore, it is to be expected that combining typical organometallic transformations with ligand-radical reactivity will lead to unexpected and new (catalytic) reactivity. In organometallic chemistry, however, the observation of ligand radicals is still rare. In this paper we show that the polyA ligand can be transformed into a ligand radical, even in the coordination sphere of a coordinative unsaturated organometallic Ir I A fragment. The N-donor ligands polyA and a variety of structurally closely related ligands are widely applied in coordination chemistry [2] and catalysis. Many first row transition-metal complexes (Fe, Cu, Mn) of these ligands are excellent struc


An estimated 27% of ambulance personnel experience general psychological distress. The relationship between work and mental health is complex. This study aimed to explore whether and to what extent individual factors affect the mental health of ambulance personnel. Four UK NHS ambulance trusts facilitated recruitment of ambulance personnel (n=160). Well-validated measures were used to collect data on the predictor variables: the Perceived Stress Scale; the Satisfaction with Life Scale; and the Brief Resilience Scale. Mental health, assessed according to response to trauma measured by the Impact of Events Scale Revised (IES-r), and anxiety and depression, measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), were the outcome measures. Regression models demonstrated that all predictor variables accounted for nearly half of the variance in each outcome (P<0.01). A significant proportion of variance was accounted for by individual factors. This assists in understanding the impact and role of individual factors in the mental health of this occupational group. Future research could inform intervention development.


Abstract A solid-phase radioimmune assay (RIA) has been used to subtype serum specimens containing Australia antigen (HB antigen) as either ay or ad . The radioimmune assay system permitted the correct identification of 24 coded specimens that had previously been subtyped by agar gel immunodiffusion. In a series of 52 sera from soldiers with HB antigen positive hepatitis, only 7 (13 per cent) could be subtyped by AGD, (Agar gel diffusion) whereas 33 (64 per cent) were subtyped by RIA. Twenty-eight 54 per cent) were ad and 5 (10 per cent) were ay . Solid-phase RIA methodology provides a means of subtyping many HB antigen positive specimens that cannot be subtyped by other methods.