The Santa Monica Freeway Diamond Lanes, a pair of concurrent-flow preferential lanes for buses and carpools linking the City of Santa Monica, California, with the Los Angeles CBD, opened on March 16, 1976 and operated amid much controversy for 21 weeks until the U.S. District Court halted the project. The Diamond Lane project marked the first time preferential lanes had been created by taking busy freeway lanes out of existing service and dedicating them to the exclusive use of high-occupancy vehicles. This report summarizes the findings of the evaluation of the project. The report addresses a broad range of impacts in the following major areas: Traffic speeds and travel times; traffic volumes and carpool information; bus operations and ridership; safety and enforcement; energy and air quality; and public attitudes and response. Analysis shows that the project succeeded in increasing carpool ridership by 65% and the increased bus service accompanying the Diamond Lanes caused bus ridership to more than triple. Nonetheless, energy savings and air quality improvements were insignificant, freeway accidents increased significantly, non-carpoolers lost far more time than carpoolers gained, and a heated public outcry developed which has delayed the implementation of other preferential treatment projects in S. California.


Comb-finger structure has been widely used in MEMS device as actuator and capacitive sensing unit. We can quite often find that the capacitance of and electrostatic force between a pair of the fingers are calculated by parallel plate model. This is certainly the simplest and the easiest solution, but with very low accuracy. The analytic method with reasonable accuracy is generally necessary for design engineers because it can give a quick estimation of the design and correct insight into the performance of the design. In this paper, the long comb-finger structure is analyzed. The multi-body-system, e.g., comb-finger above the ground, has been simplified. The fringe field effect is taken into account. Applying semi-empirical equations, we have developed analytic models for calculating capacitance and electrostatic force for various comb-finger structures. The results from the analytic models are compared with simulation results from commercial simulation software.


This article introduces random projections applied as a data reduction technique for Bayesian regression analysis. We show sufficient conditions under which the entire d-dimensional distribution is preserved under random projections by reducing the number of data points from n to k ∈ O(poly(d/ε)) in the case n d. Under mild assumptions, we prove that evaluating a Gaussian likelihood function based on the projected data instead of the original data yields a (1+O(ε))-approximation in the `2-Wasserstein distance. Our main result states that the posterior distribution of a Bayesian linear regression is approximated up to a small error depending on only an ε-fraction of its defining parameters when using either improper non-informative priors or arbitrary Gaussian priors. Our empirical evaluations involve different simulated settings of Bayesian linear regression. Our experiments underline that the proposed method is able to recover the regression model while considerably reducing the total run-time.


The main goal of this paper is to compare the motif information extracted from clusters and biclusters of the protein using Motif Comparator. The clusters and biclusters are obtained using the PSO k-means algorithm. The functions of the proteins are preferably found from their motif information. The Motif Comparator is used to detect the clusters and biclusters, to locate the Significant Amino Acids present, to find the highly homologous cluster. The motif information acquired is based on the structure homogeneity of the protein sequence. The homogeneity is evaluated based on their secondary structure similarity of the protein.


Bernini's Louis XIV Equestrian arrived at Versailles in 1685 and was found unacceptable as a royal portrait because of the King's joyous facial expression (a violation of French artistic decorum) and because the horse's belly was supported by military banners, a motif that vitiated the anticipated Mountain of Glory concetto. For these reasons it was transformed into a Marcus Curtius. But in all other respects the statue was aesthetically acceptable, even pleasing, as demonstrated by its sixteen-year sojourn at the Neptune Basin, a prestigious location. Even at its final destination, it occupies an important point at the south end of the major north-south garden axis.


The invention provides a method and device for adjusting a digital variable gain amplifier. The method for adjusting the digital variable gain amplifier includes the following steps: determining a gain of the digital variable gain amplifier according to the input signal strength of a base band and a signal gain of a low noise amplifier; adjusting the digital variable gain amplifier, calculating an actual gain offset of the digital variable gain amplifier, and counting the gain offset of the digital variable gain amplifier corresponding to a big probability event; correcting the gain of the digital variable gain amplifier according to the actual gain offset of the digital variable gain amplifier and the counted gain offset of the digital variable gain amplifier corresponding to the big probability event. According to the invention, an input radio-frequency signal of the base band can be constant by adjustment of the digital variable gain amplifier.


Although there is considerable sleep concordance between partners in couple relationships, less is known about sleep practices between them and if there is conflict around sleep habits, preferences, and behaviors. Past empirical work suggests that couples who share the same sleep-wake preferences (i.e., morning vs. night people) report higher marital adjustment and less relational conflict. And yet the mechanism through which this occurs is yet unknown. One such mechanism is sleep-related conflict whereby partners disagree about their partners' sleep rituals causing sleep-related conflict.

 The present study utilizes two samples to validate the Sleep Conflict Scale (SCS), one in individuals in relationships and the other sample of paired partners (dyadic data). The sleep conflict scale is a 5-item measure and includes items such as "My partner and I disagree about sleep routines and habits" and "Our relationship is negatively affected by our sleep differences". In order to identify the underlying factor structure of the SCS, several criteria was assessed to determine suitability for factor analysis, including bivariate correlations, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy, and Bartlett's test of Sphericity. Composite scores were computed and internal consistency was assessed by conducting Cronbach Alpha reliability estimates. We tested convergent validity by identifying associations between the SCS and relational and psychological health measures. Finally, using the dyadic sample, we also tested a structural equation model using the SCS on both partners' sleep hygiene and sleep quality.

 Results revealed that the SCS fit a one factor solution of five items and that a summed or mean score can be used. The SCS demonstrated excellent internal reliability and external validity when compared to other relational and psychological measures. Finally, higher sleep conflict was associated with worse sleep hygiene and poorer sleep quality for both partners.

 The analyses provided support that the SCS scale is a psychometrically sound measure, in that it demonstrates a single factor structure, is highly reliability, and is qualitatively different than other couple or sleep-related measures. The SCS can be used in both primary and secondary care settings to identify couples who would benefit from relational intervention especially when sleep adherence is low.


This document provides guidance on the use of ARTVAL (ARTerial eVALuation computational engine). The engine implements the Quick Estimation Method for Urban Streets (QEM-US) described in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM2010) as the core computational module for arterial street analysis, considers planning-level inputs, and provides work-zone evaluation modules developed for the state of North Carolina. The engine was developed as part of North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) research project 2013-09 "Delay and User Cost Estimation for Work Zones on Urban Arterials". ARTVAL is a Microsoft Excel based engine coded in the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) platform. The tool has a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to facilitate data entry and navigation throughout. The core of the tool is the QEM-US, which is the computational procedure for urban street facilities in Chapter 30 of the HCM2010. Some modifications and enhancements to the methodology have been made to improve its usability by NCDOT. These changes have been documented in the final project report.


Booking cancellations negatively contribute to the production of accurate forecasts, which comprise a critical tool in the hospitality industry. Research has shown that with today's computational power and advanced machine learning algorithms it is possible to build models to predict bookings cancellation likelihood. However, the effectiveness of these models has never been evaluated in a real environment. To fill this gap and investigate how these models can be implemented in a decision support system and its impact on demand-management decisions, a prototype was built and deployed in two hotels. The prototype, based on an automated machine learning system designed to learn continuously, lead to two important research contributions. First, the development of a training method and weighting mechanism designed to capture changes in cancellations patterns over time and learn from previous days' predictions hits and errors. Second, the creation of a new measure – Minimum Frequency – to measure the precision of predictions over time. From a business standpoint, the prototype demonstrated its effectiveness, with results exceeding 84% in accuracy, 82% in precision, and 88% in Area Under the Curve (AUC). The system allowed hotels to predict their net demand and thus making better decisions about which bookings to accept and reject, what prices to make, and how many rooms to oversell. The systematic prediction of bookings with high probability of being canceled allowed hotels to reduce cancellations by 37 percentage points by acting to avoid their cancellation.


Appropriate models for speech intelligibility in acoustically "difficult" situations (i.e., background noise from several interfering sound sources and reverberation) are an important tool not only for research, but also to characterize the intelligibility achieved in special‐purpose rooms such as healthcare spaces. This contribution presents an overview on existing and new models that have mostly been implemented in the "speech intelligibility prediction toolbox" in order to allow for a comparison of model performance and to assess the expected speech intelligibility for a predefined situation as a function of individual hearing loss. The extention of a binaural speech intelligibility model with room acoustical parameters is introduced, which quantitatively predicts the combined influence of reverberation and different positions of target speaker and interferers both in quiet and in noise. The accuracy in prediction for individuals can be increased by including the respective individual audiogram. Taken ...


Transverse flux permanent magnet motor (TFPM) and axial flux permanent magnet motor (AFPM) are both new types of highperformance motor and have been used in various applications. However, both of them are constrained by the cogging torque that leads to a large torque ripple. In view of a novel disk transverse flux motor (DTFM) which combines the characteristics of both transverse flux and axial flux permanent magnet motor, the research on its cogging torque is proceeded in this paper. First of all, the cogging torque of the DTFM is analyzed and expanded as the form of the Fourier series. In order to reduce its cogging torque, a method of unalignment of stator disks is introduced. Then, an analysis method based on Schwarz-Christoffel mapping (SC-based method) is extended to calculate the cogging torque of DTFM with unaligned stator disks. The cogging torque of the DTFM with unaligned stator disks can be reduced by 83% compared with the initial DTFM. Finally, a prototype DTFM with unaligned stator disks is manufactured and tested.


Irradiation (λ>400 nm) of solid pleiadiene (1) yields a single, head-to-head [π4s+π4s]-photodimer (2) the structure of which was determined by X-ray analysis. The formation of 2 is entirely suppressed at 77 K, since properly oriented pairs of molecules arise only from thermal disorder in crystals of 1. Upon pyrolysis (80°), the strained photodimer 2 rearranges to the [π2s + π4s] dimer 3 by a 'forbidden' suprafacial [1,3]-C-atom migration. Both 2 and 3 are reconverted to 1 by UV. irradiation in solution, but the latter, 'forbidden' photoreaction is suppressed at 77 K. Discrepancies of the experimental observations with the predictive schemes of Kaupp or Michl are discussed.


In the present scenario, the investment options available to the investors are many and they are different which are motivating them to save or investment for better return. Investment and investment decision on secondary market among investors acts as a critical role. Investors perhaps have a lot of investment avenues to park their savings on the basis of risk and returns attached. Most of time any investor, always expect more returns with lesser risk. The investors have many assets to choose from, and the amount of information available to the investors is staggering and continually growing. The study examines that the level of importance assumed by the investors on various investment objectives based on the demographic variables and selective factors. The relationship between these variables and objectives has been computed. This study has been done in the selected areas of Bangalore Urban District with the help of primary data collected using a structured questionnaire by adopting five-point likert scale and analyzed by using correlation. Primary data is collected from 50 respondents by using convenience sampling method.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the anti-inflammatory and hemodynamic effects of 17beta-estradiol in men undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

DESIGN
Prospective, randomized, controlled.

SETTING
Operating room and intensive care unit in a university hospital.

PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-one men undergoing primary, elective CABG surgery.

INTERVENTION
17beta-estradiol, 2mg, was given orally twice in 14 hours before the operation.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Leukocyte counts, plasma myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were measured perioperatively. Leukocyte counts were lower in the 17beta-estradiol group than in controls at 6 hours (11.4 +/- 2.0 hours v 15.5 +/- 4.7 hours x 10(9)/L) and 20 hours (11.6 +/- 1.9 hours v 13.6 +/- 2.5 hours x 10(9)/L) after reperfusion (p = 0.03). The release of myeloperoxidase was lower in the 17beta-estradiol group than in controls (5 minutes; 634.4 +/- 213.1 microg/mL v 773.1 +/- 209.3 microg/mL; 4 hours, 305.0 +/- 108.0 microg/mL v 441.3 +/- 191.6 microg/mL; p = 0.02). Systemic vascular resistance index was lower just after cardiopulmonary bypass, and cardiac index was higher postoperatively in the 17beta-estradiol group as compared with controls.

CONCLUSION
Pretreatment with 17beta-estradiol can limit leukocyte activation in men after CABG surgery.


This research work was carried out to identify and value the market and non-market functions of rainforests using Ikenne Remo (LGA of Ogun State as a case study.
Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample size is 120 respondents. The analysis of the socio economic characteristics of respondents revealed that 58 percent of them are employed, 37 percent have secondary education and 56 percent fall within the age of 20 - 40 years.
Environmental attitudes of respondents showed that deforestation is a well known issue to them. 63 percent of respondents claimed to be familiar with causes of deforestation while 68 percent said they have visited a rainforest before.
Income has the expected positive relationship with Willingness -to-pay (WTP) for rainforest protection, indicating that households with higher incomes are willing to pay more for environmental improvements than households with lower incomes. Such findings provide further evidence that respondents considered their personal circumstances and budget constraints when answering the WTP questions.
The bid value is the offered amount that a respondent was asked whether he was willing to pay. According to the most chosen bids in the pre-test with their lower and upper quartile, the bid values arrived at are W 30, W 20 and N50 respectively. The bid value also has a positive relationship with WTP, indicating that as bid value rises, there is a shift in the demand for rainforest protection. However, the bid value is significant at 10 percent.
The Contingent Valuation Method (CYM) was used to measure the total WTP of respondents for conserving the forest functions. The probability that an individual's WTP is greater than or less than the bid offered was estimated with a polynomial Logit Regression model.
The results showed that the restricted mean WTP was W528 per household per annum while the total WTP was W 26.4 million; aggregating a population of 50,000 households.


Sound captured by a mobile phone's microphone is a rich source of contextual information about activity, location, and social events. In this paper, we present a robust sound classification system for recognizing the real-time context of a smartphone user. Our system can reduce unnecessary computations by discarding frames containing silence or white noise from the input audio stream in the pre-processing step. It also improves the classification performance on low energy sounds by amplifying them. Moreover, for efficient learning and application of HMM classification models, our system executes the dimension reduction and discretization on the set of multi-dimensional continuous-valued feature vectors through k-means clustering. We collected a large set of sound examples of 8 different types from daily life in a university office environment and then conducted experiments using them. Through these experiments, our system showed high classification performance.


KABUL The power supply problem will be resolved with extension of a permanent transmission line to Kabul by Wednesday evening, authorities say. Da Afghanistan Breshna Shirkat (DABS) said work on fixing a permanent power transmission line in Salang would be completed later in the day. Last month, power supply to 11 provinces, including Kabul, was cut after a pylon was blown up in Salang area. The power utility later temporarily reconnected the power cables. Wahidullah Tawhidi, spokesman for DABS, told Pajhwok Afghan News technical experts had been busy over the past few days to repair the destroyed pylon. He promised electricity supply to the nation's capital would resume permanently by the evening. A resident of Mirwais Maidan area told Pajhwok: "Previously, there was loadshedding in the winter only. But now we don't have ...(More on P4)...(1) Uninterrupted Power Supply to Kabul Resumes Yesterday


Perovskite‐organic tandem solar cells are attracting more attention due to their potential for highly efficient and flexible photovoltaic device. In this work, efficient perovskite‐organic monolithic tandem solar cells integrating the wide bandgap perovskite (1.74 eV) and low bandgap organic active PBDB‐T:SN6IC‐4F (1.30 eV) layer, which serve as the top and bottom subcell, respectively, are developed. The resulting perovskite‐organic tandem solar cells with passivated wide‐bandgap perovskite show a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.13%, with an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.85 V, a short‐circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 11.52 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 70.98%. Thanks to the advantages of low temperature fabrication processes and the flexibility properties of the device, a flexible tandem solar cell which obtain a PCE of 13.61%, with Voc of 1.80 V, Jsc of 11.07 mA cm−2, and FF of 68.31% is fabricated. Moreover, to demonstrate the achieved high Voc in the tandem solar cells for potential applications, a photovoltaic (PV)‐driven electrolysis system combing the tandem solar cell and water splitting electrocatalysis is assembled. The integrated device demonstrates a solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of 12.30% and 11.21% for rigid, and flexible perovskite‐organic tandem solar cell based PV‐driven electrolysis systems, respectively.


Two efficient, modular, step- and pot-economic strategies to access various 5,6,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[2,3]azepino[4,5-b]indoles and 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,7-a]indoles are disclosed that advance via SN2-type regioselective ring opening of enantiopure aziridines with 2-(2-bromophenyl)-1H-indoles at their C3 and indolyl N centers, respectively, followed by Cu-mediated C-N cyclization which furnishes the products in excellent yields with outstanding enantiomeric excesses (up to >99%).


Garden is an environment for conceptual programming. Conceptual programming means that programmers can create, view, and manipulate systems directly in terms of their conceptualizations of the systems. Such conceptualizations are frequently graphical in nature, and one of Garden''s greatest strengths is the ease with which it allows programmers to define graphical languages. In this paper we provide a step-by-step construction of a graphical FSA language. The language can be created in a matter of minutes, and does not require any use of the keyboard.


MISSIONAL LEADERSHIP: A CASE STUDY OF THE REPRESENTATIVE CONGREGATIONS OF METHODIST, PRESBYTERIAN, AND OTHER CHURCHES IN TAHAN-KALAYMYO, SAGAING REGION by Lal Thla Muana Most of the mainline churches, including the Methodist, Presbyterian, and others around Tahan, have undergone spiritual lethargy with the practice of outmoded ecclesiological leadership. With the lure of comfort, churches seem to have little or no concern about their spiritual condition. Being influenced by worldliness, dullness in spiritual welfare has become prominent. Subsequently, ineffectiveness in leadership, witnessing, and mission has been rampant, giving way to intraand extramural disunity and finally leading toward schism and forfeiture of members. Such forces have eroded the church's essential identity in its mission and leadership. In order to impact the outward society around them, churches need to recover missional character as seen in the Bible. The purpose of this project was to measure the changes in knowledge, attitude, and behavior concerning missional church and missional leadership among young church leaders in Tahan-Kalaymyo, Sagaing Region, Myanmar, who participated in a four-day seminar focused on missional church and missional leadership. The literature review section analyzes the theological foundations of missional ecclesiology, specifically focusing on missional church and leadership. All missional characteristics have their root in the mission of God (i.e., missio Dei) that is universal in scope and incarnational in witnessing and engagement. Grounded on this theological basis, I conducted the seminar to observe how far the missional characteristics have been assimilated in the concept of the opinion leaders. The findings suggest that mission starts with God, and his mission begets and shapes the church. In addition, mission must be started within individual people and the church, which must be evidenced in life and activities. Missional church should never ignore engaging the surrounding society to establish God's reign by way of being and doing. Gospel and social transformation must be inseparable. The anectdotal clue was the outcome result expected as the realization of missional characteristics in the churches in and around Tahan when leaders of the churches help their members by way of implementing effective training by and large with widespread publicity of it. DISSERTATION APPROVAL This is to certify that the dissertation entitled MISSIONAL LEADERSHIP: A CASE STUDY OF THE REPRESENTATIVE CONGREGATIONS OF METHODIST, PRESBYTERIAN, AND OTHER CHURCHES IN TAHAN-KALAYMYO, SAGAING REGION Presented by Lal Thla Muana has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for the DOCTOR OF MINISTRY degree at Asbury Theological Seminary


A rugged and wide frequency range silicon micro accelerometer with integral overrange stops has been developed for use in anthropomorphic test dummies and on vehicles for crash and sled safety testing. The accelerometer utilizes a monolithic piezoresistive cantilever type sensor crafted on [110] silicon wafer. Taking advantage of the unique vertical wall etching capability on [110] silicon, the geometry of the hinge, mass, and stop-gap can be defined precisely. It is limited only by the photolithographic accuracy instead of the etching time control. The piezoresistive gages are etch freed from the silicon wafer. Their cross sectional area is very small, 0.6 /spl mu/m by 4.2 /spl mu/m, thus needing very little strain energy to produce a useful signal. By locating them at an appropriate distance apart from the centrally support hinge, the gages are very efficient in picking up the acceleration force. A high sensitivity (nominally 0.2 mV/g) yet wide frequency range (nominally resonate at 28 kHz) sensor can be obtained. The etch freed gages enable the accelerometer to stabilize (or warm up) in less than 15 /spl mu/s after power on. It also has minimal thermal zero shifts of /spl plusmn/6 mV in a wide temperature range from -54 to +100/spl deg/C. Furthermore, the vertical wall etching capability on [110] silicon allows very narrow gaps between the mass tip and surrounding rim to "stop" the mass tip from traveling too far. These "overrange stops" protect the sensor from excessive g shock. The accelerometer demonstrates survivability under repeated high g shock in excess of 10000 g.


SCIAMACHY operations have to be highly autonomous. All instrument activities are stored on-board and activated by time-tagged commands. They execute measurements in all required viewing geometries including the unique limb/nadir matching. Observations of the Sun in occultation over the northern hemisphere and the Moon in occultation over the southern hemisphere occur at regular intervals, ranging from each orbit to each month. They are complemented by sub-solar observations. The lunar measurements need particularly accurate preparation due to the orbital motions of the Moon and ENVISAT around Earth. Both Sun and Moon occultations have to take refraction into account for the period when both targets are viewed through the lower atmosphere. Timing of SCIAMACHY measurement operations is entirely Sun or Moon related. The specified mission scenarios combine nadir, limb and eclipse measurements between Sun or Moon related events along the orbit. The smallest functional sequences are states, controlled via various parameter tables. When combining individual states, timelines are generated. Sets of states and timelines are stored on-board. Each timeline is activated by a single macrocommand. Both states and timelines can be modified from ground. Since SCIAMACHY has been provided by national agencies instrument operations is a shared enterprise between DLR/NIVR and ESA.


Put forward own observing system with arbitrary shot-receiver-pair by simulation experiments in driving space of tunnel,method of fieldwork and the key technique of data processing.During data processing for arbitrary shot-receiver-pair system,interface reflection waves ahead of the tunnel face were picked up effectively through filtering wave in τ-p field.The 2D imaging results about driving space of tunnel were gained through ray scan migration technology.The abnormal interfaces were picked up according to the amplitude and polarity.And the geological condition ahead of the tunnel was forecasted according to the migration imaging and other property parameters.The applying results express that the system layout of the tunnel reflection wave imaging system(TRIS) is reasonable and it can collect enough and effective data.TRIS can forecast the fault structure and its abnormity interfaces ahead of tunnel.


This paper designs a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) wireless data acquisition system, which consists of a UAV surface signal acquisition subsystem and a ground data processing subsystem. The system can continuously measure air pressure, acceleration, temperature and other signals of the UAV surface in real time. These signals are sent to the ground base station by wireless or cable transmission for further process. Then both the original signals data and the processed signals data will be stored at the ground base station. This system mainly adopts STM32F103 as microcontroller and XBee-PRO 900HP as wireless transmission module. Experiments show that the system meets the requirements of accurate, real-time, continuously and long-time monitoring of UAV surface signals.


Written by the author of children's books and "Circles of Deceit". 14-year-old Emmie watches over her amiable drunken father, her evangelical grandmother, her wayward sister and Oliver. With the arrival of new neighbours, the outside world intrudes into the isolated privacy of family life.


The 3-O-, 4-O- and 5-O-isomers of caffeoyl-D-quinic acid and the corresponding ethyl esters were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and the structures were verified by NMR spectrometry. Trimethylsilylation of the compounds allowed a rapid and easy identification of isomers from the proportions of the characteristic key ions at m/z 345 and 307. Coumaroyl-D-quinic acids show analogous fragmentation for ions at m/z 345 and 219. Stereochemical considerations explain the fragmentation of the isomers.


This study aimed to determine the behavior problems of primary school children in Qatar according to sex, age, nationality and achievement. Two tools were used (Behavior Problems Inventory prepared by the researcher, and a personality test prepared by Atia Hana) with a sample of primary pupils from grade three to grade six of both sexes. Statistical results showed that behavior problems are not severe and the most prominant problems is the negligence of homework. This problem becomes more severe with the increase of age. It is clearer in males more than in females, in low achiever than in high achiever, and in upper grades than lower grades.
The results also showed that social and personal adjustment increases with the increase in age and consequently in grade.


A description of the formation of composite nuclei observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is developed. The description is analogous to that used in accounting for the formation of nuclei under explosive conditions, as encountered in the expansion of an isotropic and homogeneous universe and in imploding-exploding supermassive stars. The model studied is one in which composite nuclei are formed in the space-time evolution of a rapidly expanding system of nucleons. Within the framework of this model, it is shown that reaction rates may initially be fast compared to expansion time scales, that detailed balance can then be met, and a quasi-equilibrium established for a short period of time and limited volume of space in this space-time evolution. An idealized equilibrium model is then proposed which contains a sharp cutoff from equilibrium to free expansion. In such a model the observed properties of the composite particles reflect a ''frozen in'' equilibrium state. A simple discussion is then presented showing that the volume at which the transition occurs is related to the finite size of the correlated structures in the system. A key result in the approach developed is that properties of the composite particle cross sections can be used to obtainmore » information on the size of the emitting region without resorting to a Hambury-Brown--Twiss correlation measurement. Another important result is that cross sections for composite nuclei are characterized by Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions is some rest system and recent data will be discussed from this viewpoint. The thermodynamic properties of the system, such as the equation of state and the energy-temperature relationship are investigated. The effect of continuum correlations from resonances and echoes will also be discussed.« less


This chapter aims to understand to what extent the use of cause-related marketing, can become a tool of strategic positioning and differentiation for influencing consumption decisions of a critical type of external stakeholder, that is, the customers (participants and non-participants), in the context of school sports events. Accordingly, quantitative empirical research was carried out resorting to a questionnaire. A sample of 829 pupils in mainland Portugal was gathered, covering both participants and non-participants in School Sports events associated with food products, namely, Compal Air and Nestum Rugby. The results reveal that customers' perception of the attributes of social responsibility and of the general attributes of the brand has a positive influence on consumption decisions, especially with regard to participants in this type of event. In addition, individual motivations, determining the decision to participate or not in events, are found to influence the consumption decision.


A mathematical model of the dynamical system of the two elastic tandem type plates, flowing along of the subsonic flow of gas (fluid) is proposed. The solution of aerohydrodynamic part of problem based on the methods of complex variable functions theory is given. The bound system of the equations allowing to investigate the plates dynamic is obtained. The numerical-analytical method of solution of this equation is offered.


The connection between messaging and action is fundamental both to web applications, such as web search and sentiment analysis, and to economics. However, while prominent online applications exploit messaging in natural (human) language in order to predict non-strategic action selection, the economics literature focuses on the connection between structured stylized messaging to strategic decisions in games and multi-agent encounters. This paper aims to connect these two strands of research, which we consider highly timely and important due to the vast online textual communication on the web. Particularly, we introduce the following question: can free text expressed in natural language serve for the prediction of action selection in an economic context, modeled as a game? We initiate research on this question by providing preliminary positive results.


Free to read on journal website (may need to create free account first) There have been marked improvements in treatment options but none have yet been shown to induce remission The past decade has seen major advances in the diagnosis and management of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and in research into its pathogenesis. It remains the case that no current treatments have been shown to lead to disease remissions or to halt the progression of the bony ankylosis that causes the major morbidity associated with this condition. Nonetheless, improved diagnostic methods and management have led to major benefits for patients, with marked improvements in quality of life with reduced treatment-associated side effects.


In order to analyse the nature of the turbulence, the curvilinear coordinate system is established according to the relations of cartesian coordinate system. Aiming at this turbulence mechanism, the turbulence boundary equations were established, then all grid points of the coordinates can be got by the established equations. The dangerous degree measure (risk factor) was put forward. The mathematical model of risk factor was established as to quantitatively describe the danger level of turbulence. A turbulence signal processing algorithm is proposed combined with the Doppler effect and the computing grid. The simulation results show that the curvilinear coordinate system and three-dimensional turbulence field can reflect the characteristics of turbulence, and risk factor can reflect the danger level of turbulence, the proposed turbulence signal processing algorithm can detect and forecast the turbulence effectively.


any of the anticipated milestones described in this press release; safety issues resulting from the administration of Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates in patients, including serious complications or side effects in connection with the use of Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates in clinical trials; the likelihood, timing, and scope of possible regulatory approval and commercial launch of Regeneron's Product Candidates and new indications for Regeneron's Products, including those listed above and/or otherwise discussed in this press release; the extent to which the results from the research and development programs conducted by Regeneron and/or its collaborators may be replicated in other studies and/or lead to advancement of product candidates to clinical trials, therapeutic applications, or regulatory approval; ongoing regulatory obligations and oversight impacting Regeneron's Products, research and clinical programs, and business, including those relating to patient privacy; determinations by regulatory and administrative governmental authorities which may delay or restrict Regeneron's ability to continue to develop or commercialize Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates; competing drugs and product candidates that may be superior to, or more cost effective than, Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates; uncertainty of the utilization, market acceptance, and commercial success of Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates and the impact of studies (whether conducted by Regeneron or others and whether mandated or voluntary) or recommendations and guidelines from governmental authorities and other third parties on the commercial success of Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates; the ability of Regeneron to manufacture and manage supply chains for multiple products and product candidates; the ability of Regeneron's collaborators, suppliers, or other third parties (as applicable) to perform manufacturing, filling, finishing, packaging, labeling, distribution, and other steps related to Regeneron's Products and Regeneron's Product Candidates; the availability and extent of reimbursement of Regeneron's Products from third-party payers, including private payer healthcare and insurance programs, health maintenance organizations, pharmacy benefit management companies, and government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid; coverage and reimbursement determinations by such payers and new policies and procedures adopted by such payers; unanticipated expenses; the costs


This study focuses on a fourth-order boundary treatment for nite-volume schemes to solve the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on a Cartesian grid. A fourth-order nite-volume stencil is derived for the viscous stress tensor operator and the modi ed fourth-order stencil near the physical boundary is developed. Fourier error analysis and stability analysis are performed for the fourth-order elliptic operator. For time integration, we use the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The fourth-order scheme was applied to the transient Couette ow and the solution accuracy was veri ed.


As one of DBMS which are aimed at network computing and supports object-oriented relational model,ORACLE8 has gotten wide-ranging application. It is important to put every factors to rational use for getting good performance in one system. In this paper,factors that affect the performance of ORACLE8 SEVER are discussed.The tuning techniques for ORACLE8 SEVER and relevant applications are mainly studied from the aspects such as configuration of parameters(maxdata files and table space);the design of applications and tables;the creation of index;query optimum and connection optimum;the use of clusters,processes,functions,packages and triggers;the requirements of running environment.Thus,the tuning processes could enable the ORACLE8 SEVER to meet the needs of various application.


e13068Background: In a phase I study we have shown, that a combination of 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was feasible and was able to improve the immune function of cancer patie...


The massive acute hemopneumothorax is a clinical entity often make grants in the context of major trauma. The spontaneous hemopneumothorax is much more uncommon and usually is the result of a pneumothorax complicated by bleeding due to rupture of blebs or adhesions. Rarer still is that this is massive. Different strategies have been recommended in the treatment of such patients among which is the thoracoscopy as a way to solve the possible bleeding. We report the case of a woman of 18 who presented a spontaneous and massive hemopneumothorax being treated in a center that did not have thoracic surgery was moved to a higher level hospital where a chest tube was placed solve the problem without sequelae. We consider it important not to attempt a chest drain in a hospital that does not have the ability to perform thoracoscopy because of an inability to stop the bleeding if necessary


Many studies have been achieved on the effects of social support on psychological health in recent years. Few of them, however, have focused their attention on the interactive influences by various support sources. Considering its possibility, this study investigated the effects of perceived social supports from family and from friends on psychological health in college students (75 males and 95 females). Data were analyzed through several hierarchical regression analyses with interaction terms. The main result was that males with lower level of friend support would be more unhealthy if they had more support from family although males with higher level of friend support would be healthier if they had more family support. In females, family support was generally protecting, but its effects diminished gradually when they experienced a broader life. Perceived support from friends had health-sustaining effects in both males and females. The interrelatedness of multiple support sources for the potential recipients of their supports and the importance of considering their interactive effects on the recipients' well-being were discussed.


Objective:To investigate clinical application of 64-slices volum CT in patients with cornary artery disease.Methods:VCT and digital subtrastion angiography(DSA)were conducted in 40 patients.The abnormalities of coronary arteries were evaluated from reconstructed three-dimensional and maximun intensity projection(MIP)image and results were compared with those of DSA.Results:In the 160 arteries of 40 cases undergoing VCT and DSA.96 arteries were diagnosed as stenosis by DSA,and 101 by VCT arteries were diagnosed as the stenosis.94 artery stenoses were diagnosed by both VCT and DSA.Conclusion:VCT can be used a safe,simple and noninvasive screening method in the diagnosis of coronary artery stensis.


Fundamental of power grid is an important index for electric energy metering and power quality evaluation.A high-precision detection approach,which is based on back propagation neural network(BPNN),for the frequency and amplitude of power grid fundamental is proposed.It is derived mathematically that the relationship of the time difference,which is between zero-crossing point of sinusoidal signal and the intersection point of time axis and the line connecting two symmetric points on signal curve at both sides of the zero-crossing point,to signal frequency is not strictly linear but monotonous,and the relationship is independent of the amplitude of the signal.Accordingly,the mapping relation between the time difference and fundamental frequency is built by BPNN.Results of simulation by Matlab show that using the proposed algorithm the detection accuracy of fundamental frequency is 10 4 and the detection accuracy of fundamental amplitude is as high as 10 5,and these detection results are sharply higher than those by interpolation algorithms based on fast Fourier transform(FFT) and Hamming window;random noise and harmonics slightly influence the measuring accuracy by BPNN,so the proposed algorithm possesses strong anti-interference capability.


30 Objective: The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of the radiofrequency 31 (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human resting EEG with a control of some 32 parameters that are known to affect alpha band such as electrode impedance, salivary cortisol 33 and caffeine. Methods: Eyes open and eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in 26 34 healthy young subjects under two conditions: sham exposure and real exposure in double-35 blind, counterbalanced, crossover design. Spectral power of EEG rhythms was calculated for 36 the alpha band (8-12Hz). Saliva samples were collected before and after the study. Salivary 37 cortisol and caffeine were assessed respectively by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay 38 (ELISA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The electrode impedance 39 was recorded at the beginning of each run. Results: Compared with sham session, the 40 exposure session showed a statistically significant (p < 0.0001) decrease of the alpha band 41 spectral power during closed eyes condition. This effect persisted in the post-exposure 42 session (p < 0.0001). No significant changes were detected in electrode impedance, salivary 43 cortisol and caffeine in the sham session when compared to the exposure one. Conclusions: 44 These results suggest that GSM-EMFs of a mobile phone affect alpha band within spectral 45 power of resting human EEG. 48 Running Title: GSM signal affects alpha band 49 3 1.


Background: Metal on metal articulation is known to reduce wear and subsequent development of osteolysis. However, long-term results of THA using metal on metal articulation is not well validated, especially in young patients. Methods: Ninety-three THA were performed in 78 patients who were younger than 50 years of age at index surgery. The mean age of the patients was 37 years old. One patient (1 hip) had had a resection arthroplasty due to deep infection, 1 patient (1 hip) had performed stem revision because of periprosthetic fracture and 2 patients died before ten years follow-up and were excluded. Five patients (5 hips) were lost to follow-up before 10 years. Sixty-nine patients (84 hips) were available for complete clinical and radiographic analysis after minimum 10 years follow-up(range, 10 – 14 years). Results: The mean preoperative Harris hip score of 49 points improved to 92 points at the time of last follow-up. Twenty hips(21.5%) showed variable degrees of osteolysis. Three patients underwent revision surgery because of focal pelvic osteolysis in one, aseptic loosening with extensive pelvic osteolysis of acetabular component in two. Three subsidence of femoral stem in other patients were identified. Conclusions: At a minimum 10 years after THA using metal-on-metal articulation, it showed good results with regard to aseptic loosening in this group of young patients. However, relatively high rate of osteolysis in this articulation remains problematic and needs further investigation.


I am going to make several unrelated points, and then I am going to discuss how we got into this financial crisis and some needed changes to reduce the risk of future crises. Some Observations First, we should close down as promptly as possible Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. There never was a reason for those two institutions, other than to avoid the congressional budget process. The benefit that people got from Fannie and Freddie came from the subsidy to the mortgage interest rate. Congress could have passed that subsidy over and over again. They avoided passing it by taking the program off budget. That led to a benefit to members of Congress who participated in the profits of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. It is an example of bad government policy. Second, looking ahead, the debt of the United States as a share of GDP is going to go from 40 percent to at least 60 percent. If you look at Japan, Italy, or Belgium, that doesn't seem like a startling number. The difference is that much of that debt is owed to foreigners. Looking ahead, get used to the idea that we're going to have to export more and probably see consumption grow at a slower rate. After years of rising expenditure on consumption in the United States, we are going to have to learn to tighten our belts a bit. That's not going to be an easy thing to do politically; woe to the president who presides over that period. Third, I get a lot of questions from the press every day, and one of the questions these days is deflation. The last time somebody asked me that question--it must have been the 15th time I'd heard it--I said that was one of the most stupid question I'd heard in 40 years of dealing with the press. It's time that the people who talk about deflation went back to school and learned about the difference between maintained rates of change and one-time changes in level. The so-called deflation that we're going to have is the decline in oil and food prices that are the reverse of the increase in oil and food prices. Those are changes in the level of prices, but not in the sustained rate of change of prices. Deflation properly understood refers only to a sustained decline in the rate of change of prices. Incidentally, in Federal Reserve history, there are six or seven periods in which we had deflation. Only one of them was a disaster: the Great Depression. It was a disaster because while the deflation was going on, money growth was falling, so that the expectation was that deflation would continue. In the others cases of deflation, if you look at the footprints of those recoveries you wouldn't be able to distinguish them from any other recovery. Fourth, is the bankruptcy law. There's a lot of pressure to change the bankruptcy law to adjust to the current circumstance. If we do that, the simple fact is, we won't have a bankruptcy law. The benefit of the bankruptcy law is it gives people some ideas as to what they can expect under troublesome circumstances. If we change it in relation to those circumstances, we violate the rule of law. Finally, I believe that the Congress and the administration are working on the wrong problem. You can solve the mortgage problem by solving the housing problem. But you can't solve the housing problem by adjusting the mortgage market. Let me expand on that a little bit. A major problem that the economy faces in the housing and mortgage market is that the price decline in houses stimulates defaults. And the expected decline for 2009, which the market puts at 11 percent, means there are going to be many, many more defaults as the price of houses falls even further below the mortgage value. You want to solve that problem. The difficulty is that if policymakers seek to benefit people by reducing the value of their mortgage, or the interest rate on their mortgage, then other people will be encouraged to come and ask for help. To solve the problem caused by declining house prices, and the future problem of the mortgage market, there needs to be an increase in the demand for houses. …


Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are one of the deep learning techniques that, due to the computational advance of the last few years, have leveraged the area of computer vision, allowing substantial gains in the most varied classification problems, especially those involving digital images. In this context, this paper aims to propose a methodology for the classification of multiple pathologies related to different plant species. Initially, this methodology involved the image processing and the generation of ten new databases, varying between 50 and 66 classes with greater representation. After training the models (VGG16, RestNet101v1, ResNet101v2, ResNetXt50, and DenseNet169), a comparative study was conducted based on widely used classification metrics, such as test accuracy, f1-score, and area under the curve. To attest the significance of the results, Friedman's nonparametric statistical test and two post-hoc procedures were performed, which demonstrated that ResNetXt50 and DenseNet169 obtained superior performances when compared with VGG16 and ResNets.


of the present very high level of dysentery in this country, the lectures and demonstrations arranged by the Health Board in New York for the numerous wartime restaurant workers are interesting. These covered " personal hygiene," " proper methods of food handling," and " restaurant sanitation," and were attended by over 2,000 workers. The department condemned almost 2,000,000 lb. of food as unfit for human consumption; perhaps the food situation in America allows of a higher standard than was possible in this country. An epidemic of rabies broke out in the spring, and a total of 34 dogs and 1 cat were affected during tie year. One human case, which was fatal, resulted from a dog-bite. Over 27,000 dog-bites were reported to the Health Department-an increase of 4,000 on the previous year. These are just some of the points of interest from the annual record of health and disease of one of the most important cities in the world, and once again we can only admire the promptitude with which the Health Commissioner gives an account of his stewardship for the year that is past. One impression that comes from perusal of these records is that the Americans are very much more "health-conscious" than we are, and that the American public responds much more readily to the ideas of preventive medicine put before them by an alert public health service. Perhaps it is that the American layman looks up to his doctor as a scientific technician who may be expected to know his own job. The British doctor does not seem to have the same prestige with the British public.


114 male and female patients were assigned on the basis of length of hospitalization and given measures of introversion-extraversion, social desirability, and anxiety in order to compare the personality characteristics shown by patients having various durations of hospitalization. Need for social approval increased with increased length of hospitalization. Anxiety diminished with increase in duration of hospitalization while no significant difference was noted on the basis of introversion-extraversion. The implication of these results was discussed in terms of effect of long-term hospitalization upon the patients personality, with the caution that the variable of length of stay may be confounded with degree of illness.


...................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 5 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................ 9 Social Science Research in Conservation Work ...................................................................... 9 The Objectivity Of Science ...................................................................................................... 9 Power Dynamics at Play ........................................................................................................ 11 Next Steps: Convert or Incorporate? ..................................................................................... 13 Wildlife Values in the United States and Abroad ................................................................. 16 A Typology of Wildlife Values ............................................................................................. 16 Wildlife Values Within the United States .............................................................................. 20 Wildlife Values Outside of the United States ........................................................................ 22 Wildlife Values of Special Actors ............................................................................................ 25 Ecologists ............................................................................................................................... 25 Policy Makers ........................................................................................................................ 27 Media ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Values Toward Bears ............................................................................................................... 28 General Values Toward Bears ............................................................................................... 29 The Influence of Experience and Knowledge ........................................................................ 30 Demographic Correlations with Bear Values ........................................................................ 31 Management Implications ...................................................................................................... 32 CONTEXT ....................................................................................................................... 34 International Bear Association ............................................................................................... 34 Quito Conference ..................................................................................................................... 35 Researcher's Positionality and Bear Values .......................................................................... 37 METHODS ...................................................................................................................... 39 Surveys ...................................................................................................................................... 39 Survey Methods ..................................................................................................................... 39 Survey Response Rate ........................................................................................................... 42 Survey Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 44 Interviews .................................................................................................................................. 45 Interview Methods ................................................................................................................. 45 Interview Analysis ................................................................................................................. 45 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 46 Values of Bear Researchers and Managers ........................................................................... 46 Overall Values Held Toward Bears ....................................................................................... 46 Additional Views and Values ................................................................................................ 51 Demographic Correlation with Values. ................................................................................. 53 American Respondents' Values for Comparison with those of the American Public ........... 56 Influences to Enter the Field of Conservation and / or Bear Work .................................... 57 The "Exposure to Nature and Outdoor Job Opportunity" Narrative ..................................... 57 Alternatives to the "Nature" Narrative .................................................................................. 61 Demographic Correlation with Influences to Enter the Field ................................................ 63 ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION ........................................................................................ 65 Values of Bear Researchers and Managers ........................................................................... 65


Along this article, the creation of instances and organisms of accreditation for the engineering career in diverse countries, in the frame of the processes of convergence and differentiation of the systems of top education during the last decade it is analyzed. For it, the concept of accreditation is checked in the area of top education, the differences between national and international authorized organisms, the diverse international agreements orientated to the recognition of the international practice of the engineering, and some dilemmas in relation about teaching engineering in the medium term.


Objective To explore the relationship of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) with clopidogrel resistance in patients with acute myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI).Methods A total of 765 AMI patients undergoing PPCI were divided into clopidogrel resistance group(n=211) and control group(n=554) according to inhibition rates of platelet aggregation,and the clinical data were compared to analyze the influence of HbA1c on clopidogrel resistance.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,hypertension,smoking,acute anterior wall myocardial infarction,length of time from onset to admission,white blood cell count,blood platelet count,C-reactive protein,infarction related artery,preoperative TIMI 0 flow,the rate of no reflow/slow flow and usage of drug for treating between two groups(P0.05).Diabetes mellitus,HbA1c level,the occurrence of acute and subacute stent thrombosis were higher in clopidogrel resistance group than those in control group(P0.05).Logistic analysis showed that diabetes mellitus(OR=2.525,95%CI: 0.887 to 4.136,P=0.029) and HbA1c ≥6.5%(OR=1.992,95%CI: 0.925 to 3.879,P=0.027) were independent factors for clopidogrel resistance after PPCI.Conclusion Diabetes mellitus and increased HbA1c level are closely correlated with clopidogrel resistance after PPCI.


A juice extractor includes an auger tube having an auger rotatably mounted within it. The auger has a spiral formation of decreasing pitch toward a grinding end. At the grinding end, a grinding surface bears against a grinding plate to extract more juice from fruit or vegetable sediment. Sediment is delivered through an outlet, whereas juice is deliver from a separate outlet to a cup having a special shape.


In the context of the Uruguayan electricity market, the Administration of the Electricity Market manages the economic electricity dispatch using the software SimSEE for optimization and simulation of the optimal operation. The Uruguayan electricity mix includes a majoritary portion of time variable renewable sources, namely hydropower, wind and solar.Inside SimSEE, stochastic synthetic realizations of diverse variables such as wind velocity, solar irradiance, electricity demand and water inflows to hydropower centrals, are generated and integrated to the simulation by means of CEGH models. A CEGH model is built of two components. One is a non-linear mapping transformtion that link the space of the represented set of signals to a corresponding Gaussian Space. The other is, a linear system that represent the correlation between signals in the present with their previous states.The assimilation of forecast information is naturally done handling the inputs of the linear system in the Gaussian Space by settings biases and noise amplitude tuners per signal channel at each time step. This work shows a new methodology to optimally compute the biases and noise amplitude tuners, using maximum likelihood optimization, for assimilation of sets of ensemble forecast. An example of the developed method, applied to the assimilation of the forecast ensemble of water inflows to the hydroelectric dams of the Uruguayan system, already in use at ADME, is shown.


In this article, an ultrawideband (UWB) radar is first employed to probe through the opaque wall media to detect behind-the-wall human motions. By employing such a radar, a high-resolution time-range map with different body parts' reflections highly discriminable in range direction can be obtained. Second, a high-pass filter is applied to remove the wall effects in the raw time-range map. Then, with the aim of exploiting the rich range information so as to enhance their corresponding micro-Doppler features, a novel range-max enhancement strategy is proposed to extract the most significant micro-Doppler feature of each time–frequency cell along range direction for a specific motion. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed motion feature enhancement strategy is investigated by means of onsite experiments. Comparative classifications using different convolutional neural network (CNN) structures show that the proposed approach outperforms other state-of-the-art micro-Doppler feature extraction methods. The comparison with the narrowband detection case also proves its superiority in feature enhancement in the narrowband detection scene.


As for the next CFST tied arch bridge in prestressed beams and tie beam construction,from the pre-stressed materials testing,tensioning process,pore-grouting,etc..This paper described in detail all aspects of the key technologies and core difficulties.These technology effectively guarantee the prestressed beams and tie beam construction quality.


Anchor Michelle Makori speaks with Rick Niu of STARR Strategic Partners to talk about the trend of Chinese companies stepping up their mergers and acquisitions activity


The fermentation conditions influencing laccase synthesis in shake flask by Neurospora crassa mutant strain including ventilatory capacity,culture temperature,methanol concentration and Cu2+ concentration etc.were studied.And the results indicated that the detailed operations were as follows:50 mL BMMY with Cu2+ concentration as 150 μmol/L filled in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask,then 7 d culture at 30 ℃ and 200 r/min after inoculation,and then 0.5 % methanol used as inducer,and 5 d later,the enzyme activity of laccase reached the highest as 3.88 u/mL.(Tran.by YUE Yang)


This paper seeks to assess a sustainable waste management practices in a higher education institution of Ghana. The driving force for this research is the increase in the volumes of daily waste on university campuses as a result of increasing number of students' enrolment and other university events and services. The mixed method approach was used for this study. A total sample of 214 students from Ghana Communication Technology University (GCTU) was used for the study. The research aimed at collating the requisite information from students from Level 100 to the graduate level on their assessments on solid waste management practices at GCTU. Findings from the studies revealed that the various types of solid waste generated by most students was paper which was not surprising in a school setting, followed by plastics waste and then organic waste. It was also discovered that students' perception and awareness of solid waste management practices at GCTU was good and commendable. Recommendations was directed to all stakeholders for need to adopt a zero-waste concept. Thus, a recommendation was made towards an establishment of a policy to aid in protecting the environment to enhance a serene environment for teaching and learning.


Silicon-based nanoelectronics are reaching the end of the roadmap. The introduction of novel materials into field effect devices, including high dielectric constant (HK) oxides and high mobility semiconductors (III-V) presents enormous potential to drive the next generation of nanoelectronic components, where one of the main challenges to tackle is their reliability. Additionally, the impact of thin-oxide degradation on the circuit level becomes crucial as applications get more complex are forced to perform under demanding working conditions. This work presents a review of results regarding nanoelectronics reliability with an integral perspective, proposing physical explanations for the degradation of novel nano-electronic devices and generating strategies to guarantee the performance of radiofrequency integrated circuits against ageing.


There was significant media coverage of migrant flows in the summer of 2015 and public debate is ongoing. A central issue covered by the media regarded the risks associated with the entrance of refugees in the European Union, thus we decided to analyze the way in which online media covered the violence that involved refugees in the time frame of 1 June 2015–31 October 2016. The analysis highlighted that journalists were mostly interested in publishing cases of illegal border crossings and less interested in cases of severe interpersonal violence (such as murder, rape, and suicide). This time, journalists decided to publicize crimes which affected national security (therefore, they threatened the entire territory and population of a country) and focused less on crimes which involved hurting some categories of vulnerable people (women, children, or elderly people). The main changes that we identified were how refugees were framed regarding the place of the media and journalists as 'secondary definers' of crimes, and the positioning of the refugee in the role of victim.


BACKGROUND
GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by deficiency of beta-galactosidase (β-gal), a ubiquitous lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GM1 ganglioside.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the application of the AAV9-coGLB1 for effective treatment in a GM1 gangliosidosis mutant mouse model.

METHODS
We designed a novel adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) vector expressing β-gal (AAV9-coGLB1) to treat GM1 gangliosidosis. The vector, injected via the caudal vein at 4 weeks of age, drove the widespread and sustained expression of β-gal for up to 32 weeks in the Glb1G455R/G455R mutant mice (GM1 mice).

RESULTS
The increased levels of β-gal reduced the pathological damage occurring in GM1 mice. Histological analyses showed that myelin deficits and neuron-specific pathology were reduced in cerebral cortex region of AAV9-coGLB1-treated mice. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the accumulation of GM1 ganglioside was also reduced after gene therapy. The reduction of the storage in these regions was accompanied by a decrease in activated microglia. In addition, AAV9 treatment reversed the blockade of autophagic flux in GM1 mice.

CONCLUSION
These results show that AAV9-coGLB1 reduces the pathological signs of GM1 gangliosidosis in a mouse model.


ABSTRACT This essay investigates the role of medio-passive agency in how psychoanalysts can respond to hopelessness and despair in the therapeutic relationship. We can reconstruct from Lear's study on radical hope a mutually constitutive interplay between hope and creativity. The agency exercised in hope and creativity is medio-passive: the clinical agent incorporates an experience of powerlessness into her response to an ongoing internal process, she lets go. With Winnicott and Bion, this letting go can further be traced as grounded in faith – in an unconscious commitment to the continuous possibility of the good. When patients are incapable of standing in faith, the analyst can make her own faith accessible to them. This process is introduced here as relational medio-passivity and illustrated through clinical material.


A sense of academic competence combines at least 2 forms of gender stereotyping: an illusory glow about performance on specific tasks. and traditional gender stereotyping about general perceptions of natural talent. Flexible categorization in terms of generality and content suggests a multifaceted model of aspects of self-knowledge about Mathematics and English (ASK-ME). This paper demonstrates the flexibility of the ASK-ME model for adolescents (N= 1,360) in 2 social contexts (coed and single-gender schools). The forms of gender stereotyping combine so that where traditional gender stereotyping was reduced at single-gender schools, an illusory glow had more influence. One outcome was that boys in single-gender settings expressed enhanced perceptions of performance in mathematics and language. Results highlight the importance of generality and content in understanding the gendered nature of academic self-concepts in social contexts. Implications are for differential influences on the plans and choices adolescents make about work and study.


section without increasing the number of pages or the price. Though the renderings are often apt, in too many instances it seems probable that one of the native collaborators acknowledged in the Introduction has suplied a mechanical translation of a phrase suggested for inclusion by the English editor, without stopping to seek the most natural Greek equivalent, or closest approximation. Two such examples occur on p. no , where 'the Virgin Mary' is translated as 17 IJapBcvos Mapia, and 'Mount Athos', astoundingly, as TO Movatrrijpi rod 'ABoy.


Wet carbon deposition is a critical node of the global carbon cycle, but little is known about dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) variation and flux in semi arid area of the Loess Plateau Region (LPR). In this study, concentration of DOC and DIC in rainfall was monitored in the period of July to September 2015 at Yangjuangou catchment in the LPR. Results showed that the Volume-Weighted Mean (VWM) concentration of DOC and DIC were 24.62 and 4.30 (July), 3.58 and 10.52 (August), 1.01 and 5.89 (September) mg C L −1 . VWM concentrations of DOC and DIC for the concentrated rainy season (July–September) in the studied region were 7.06 and 7.00 mg C L −1 , respectively. In addition, the monthly deposition flux of DOC and DIC were 541.64/94.60, 131.03/385.03, and 44.44/259.16 mg C m −2 for July, August and September. The estimated annual wet carbon depositions were 1.91, 1.89 g C m −2  yr −1 for DOC and DIC, which were higher than those of other sites and lower than those in the tropical and sub-tropical sites. Furthermore, the loess dust deposition process provides soil parental material in soil formation process and might be another source of carbon at the LPR. Therefore, the given results reflect characteristics of wet carbon deposition process during concentrated rainfall season in a semi-arid catchment of the LPR. Our preliminary results suggest that further investigation is needed on carbon source and deposition flux from atmosphere at long term temporal and large scale for revealing the global carbon cycle.


The purpose of this study was to compare gait patterns and quadriceps muscle activity of patients with a Medial Pivot knee to that of healthy, age-matched individuals. Five total knee arthroplasty patients and five age-matched control participants performed a minimum of three walking trials on both level and inclined surfaces, during which lower limb kinetics, kinematics, and muscle activity were recorded. Patients exhibited increased hip and knee extension moments, as well as increased knee flexion and peak power during stance phase of gait, corresponding with increased activation of the vastus medialis. Findings indicate that patients continue to compensate with the non-operative limb at more than 6-months after surgery, while the vastus medialis plays a key role in stabilizing the knee.


A selfconsistent framework for study of the surface electronic structure of finite superlattices has been proposed. Our emphasis is on the influence of accumulation or depletion layer on the surface states (Tamm states). We have used a modulated doping profile, including an accumulation or a depletion surface layer, in our selfconsistent calculations of potential and carrier density profile. We have found the existence of Tamm states above(depletion layer) or below(accumulation layer) the superlattice miniband. One of the Tamm states found crosses the Fermi energy in the energy gap when the depletion effect, resulting from dangling bonds, defects, impurities, etc, near the surface increases. In our case, near the top layer of the superlattice the depletion region was formed as a result of the pinning of the Fermi level below its position in intrinsic GaAs due to the midgap surface states.


To the Editor: In their alternative view on medical care delivery in the December issue of the American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Drs Bach and DeLisa make a number of important points about the inefficiencies of the United States medical care system that are disturbing yet true. However, this reviewer is less optimistic than they are. The reviewer may have a rare perspective having moved to Canada (University of Toronto) this summer after 25 yrs at the University of Washington in Seattle. There, he served at various times as a faculty physician, department chair, and vice dean for clinical affairs and graduate medical education. In the latter capacity, he had experience working with state and federal legislative offices as they were seeking (unsuccessfully so far) to expand graduate medical education capacity for underserved areas in the United States. As Drs Bach and DeLisa point out, many other systems have significant advantages over the American healthcare system. For example, the reviewer has been surprised at how efficient it is to practice in Canada. There are essentially no denials, preapprovals, unwieldy billing codes, or uninsured, all of which contribute to inefficiencies in the United States system. Although patients can wait months for some elective procedures, those who need urgent interventions get them. It is simply a matter of calling the other physician (not an insurance company representative) to explain why the referral is urgent. Canadians generally tolerate the queues and appreciate the fact that a serious illness does not also carry the risk for financial disaster. In fact, Canadians get better health outcomes at less than two-thirds the price of the American system. Thus, the reviewer agrees with Drs Bach and DeLisa that there are many other systems, including Singapore and Canada, that have far more efficient and fair systems than what Americans have in the United States. However, one does not stand a chance of substantially changing the United States system in the foreseeable future. If anyone thinks that all that needs to be done is to come up with a better system or emulate that of another well functioning country, it is likely that one has not been exposed to the United States political system very deeply. The reasons are right in the article. For-profit insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, for-profit hospital systems, and many others make far too much money from the current system to let it change. With this money comes strong political influence. As what has been seen repeatedly since President Clinton proposed the Health Security act in 1993, any proposed change that threatens a financial stakeholder in the current system is strongly opposed and ultimately rejected. Although some local initiatives, such as accountable care organizations or healthmaintenance organizations, mightmake limited progress on select (healthy and wealthy) populations, national healthcare system reform simply lies beyond reach, no matter how many superior examples or models exist. The reviewer wishes it were different, but the current United States healthcare system is here to stay for a long time.


The study focused on exploring psychological capital among university students and its relation to stress. The data were collected from 200 students of Punjabi University, Patiala through Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and Personal Stress Source Inventory (PSSI). The result of the study revealed significant gender differences in psychological capital among university students. Female university students were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than their male counterparts. The results also revealed significant stream-wise differences in psychological capital among university students. University students pursuing arts stream were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than their science and professional counterparts, respectively and university students pursuing professional stream were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than there science counterparts. The results of correlation analysis revealed negative relationship between psychological capital and stress among university students, though not significantly so. These results of the study have implications for counsellors, teachers and parents.


A social device includes a performance for enabling a user to attend in a social network group through a social infrastructure. Various functions and various resources of the social device can be accessed by members of a social network group. The social device can access the service and resource of the social network group. The social device can attends to the social network group through the automated member-trigger process. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the social device is operated as a social gateway for connecting a child node to the social network group. The social gateway can includes a set top box or a mobile communication device. The child node can be a human user who communicates with the social gateway through a user interface. Therefore, the social gateway can be simultaneously operated as the child device communicating with the social network group through other social device. [Reference numerals] (100) Social network (SNET) group;(102,DD,FF,JJ,LL) Social device;(104) Human SNET club member;(106) AI agent/social robot;(108) SNET security device;(110) Device, vehicle, service provider etc;(112) SNET club group;(114) Additional SNET;(116) SNET processing circuit and software (SNET server);(118) Verification and security;(120) Social device subscription or control;(122) SNET group member profile;(124) Adaptive resource allocation and mediation;(126) SNET data and content;(128) Internet backborn;(AA) Human SNET member;(BB) Profile and subscription data;(CC) Sharing resource and content;(EE) Wired/wireless (selective) common channel;(GG) Social device docked to a SNET group member;(HH) Adaptive or parallel routing infrastructure;(II) Social device, temporary SNET group membership allowance (access restriction);(KK) SNET processing circuit and subscription function can be integrated in one or more social devices;(MM) External social media


Open government data answers cities' need for new capital resources in a post-recession context and addresses a self-conscious concern about the lagging technological modernization of public institutions. This understanding promotes data-centric management strategies and encourages a mechanistic understanding of how to solve city problems; it leads to new data hybrids born out of data-sharing partnerships between government and the private sector. This proceeding focuses specifically on how, through open data work, staff view their records as administrative and commercial assets and fonts of innovation that improve private and public sector services. Some employees see city records as a source of easy capital, whether cost-saving efficiencies internally or innovation by the private sector. Others see open data as a solution for managing outsized, complex city problems.


Evaluation campaigns provide a common framework with which the progress of speech technologies can be effectively measured. The aim of this paper is to present a detailed overview of the IberSpeech-RTVE 2022 Challenges, which were organized as part of the IberSpeech 2022 conference under the ongoing series of Albayzin evaluation campaigns. In the 2022 edition, four challenges were launched: (1) speech-to-text transcription; (2) speaker diarization and identity assignment; (3) text and speech alignment; and (4) search on speech. Different databases that cover different domains (e.g., broadcast news, conference talks, parliament sessions) were released for those challenges. The submitted systems also cover a wide range of speech processing methods, which include hidden Markov model-based approaches, end-to-end neural network-based methods, hybrid approaches, etc. This paper describes the databases, the tasks and the performance metrics used in the four challenges. It also provides the most relevant features of the submitted systems and briefly presents and discusses the obtained results. Despite employing state-of-the-art technology, the relatively poor performance attained in some of the challenges reveals that there is still room for improvement. This encourages us to carry on with the Albayzin evaluation campaigns in the coming years.


The present invention relates to a silicon-sided tape for optical storage comprising a low modulus silicone base layer. Specifically, the multi-layer pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive layer formed on the silicon base layer and one surface or both surfaces of the silicon substrate layer; And said pressure sensitive adhesive layer, and includes a release paper to be formed on both surfaces of the multilayer pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is that the G 'modulus than that of the silicon base layer on the higher, the silicon-sided tape for an optical.


In order to elucidate how shocks in heterogeneous materials affect decomposition and reactive processes, we used the ReaxFF reactive force field in reactive molecules dynamics (RMD) simulations of the effects of strong shocks (2.5 and 3.5 km/s) on a prototype polymer bonded explosive (PBX) consisting of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) bonded to hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). We showed earlier that shock propagation from the high density RDX to the low density polymer (RDX → Poly) across a nonplanar periodic interface (sawtooth) leads to a hotspot at the initial asperity but no additional hotspot at the second asperity. This hotspot arises from shear along the interface induced by relaxation of the stress at the asperity. We now report the case for shock propagation from the low density polymer to the high density RDX (Poly → RDX) where we find a hotspot at the initial asperity and a second more dramatic hotspot at the second asperity. This second hotspot is enhanced due to shock wave conve...


1. Jennings LC, Anderson TP, Beynon KA, et al.Incidence and characteristics of viral communityacquired pneumonia in adults. Thorax 2008;63:42–8.2. Hohenthal U, Vainionpa¨a¨ R, Meurman O, et al.Aetiological diagnosis of community acquiredpneumonia: Utility of rapid microbiological methodswith respect to disease severity. Scand J Infect Dis2008;40:131–8.3. Vuorinen T, Vainionpa¨a¨ R, Hyypia¨ T. Five years'experience of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chainreaction in daily diagnosis of enterovirus and rhinovirusinfections. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:452–5.4. Ishizuka S, Yamaya M, Suzuki T, et al. Effects ofrhinovirus infection on the adherence of Streptococcuspneumoniae to cultured human airway epithelial cells.J Infect Dis 2003;188:1928–39.5. Angeles Marcos M, Camps M, Pumarola T, et al. Therole of viruses in the aetiology of community-acquiredpneumonia in adults. Antivir Ther 2006;11:351–9.6. Jennings LC, Anderson TP, Werno AM, et al. Viraletiology of acute respiratory tract infections in childrenpresenting to hospital: role of polymerase chainreaction and demonstration of multiple infections.Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004;23:1003–7.


Is highly approximate knowledge of a protein's backbone structure sufficient to successfully identify its family, superfamily, and tertiary fold? To explore this question, backbone dihedral angles were extracted from the known three‐dimensional structure of 2,439 proteins and mapped into 36 labeled, 60° × 60° bins, called mesostates. Using this coarse‐grained mapping, protein conformation can be approximated by a linear sequence of mesostates. These linear strings can then be aligned and assessed by conventional sequence‐comparison methods. We report that the mesostate sequence is sufficient to recognize a protein's family, superfamily, and fold with good fidelity. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


A pattern-reconfigurable antenna (PRA) with high gain and beam switching using active artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface is presented in this paper. The PRA is formed by two parts: an E-shaped dipole antenna and an active AMC layer with 5 × 5 periodic array. The distance of antenna and AMC layer is 0.022λ0 (λ0 represents the wavelength in free space at 2.68 GHz). Each AMC unit cell consists of compound-fractal-ring which is loaded two positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diodes in the outer ring gap. By activating or deactivating PIN diodes in different rows, radiation patterns can be switched from -39°to +39° in y-z plane. The impedance bandwidth is 24% from 2.55 GHz to 2.81GHz and the simulated peak gain is 7.84 dBi.


The study presents the wind speed data, frequency distribution, local wind shear exponent, energy yield, air density, and turbulence intensity analysis for a site located in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Overall mean wind speed values at 20, 30, and 40 m above ground level were 4.72, 5.34, and 5.74 m/s respectively. The mean local wind shear exponent and air density were found to be 0.302 and 1.126 kg/m3 respectively. Lower turbulence intensities were noticed at higher altitudes. The proposed wind farm of 550 MW installed capacity could generate 2433.8 GWh of electricity with a plant capacity factor of 50.3% during the year. The study found that during the entire year of operation, the wind turbines remained calm for 3.9% of the time and operated at rated capacity for 9.3% of the time. Overall, noticeable seasonal and diurnal patterns were observed for all the parameters studied in the present scope of the work.


Abstract Most investigations in the structure of personality traits do not adequately address age, as few studies look at the structure of personality traits a-theoretically, instead presupposing a theoretical structure e.g., Big Five. As a result, the relationship among indicators within a trait (coherence) are often highlighted but relationships across traits (differentiation) are not thoroughly examined. Using a large-scale sample of 369,151 individuals ranging in age from 14 to 90, the present study examines whether personality indicators show differential relationships as a function of age. Results indicate that coherence shows few changes across the lifespan, while differentiation weakens across adulthood into old age. These finding suggest that Big Five indicators only parallel the Big Five structure among young but not older adults. Thus, using standard Big Five personality trait assessments in older adults may, at best, not reflect reality and, at worse, undermine the predictive utility of personality traits.


The invention relates to a multi-lens aerial automatic camera shooting stabilized platform. The multi-lens aerial automatic camera shooting stabilized platform comprises a suspension arm mechanism, a camera shooting platform, a gyroscope, cameras arranged inside the camera shooting platform, storage cards arranged inside the cameras, a power supply unit, a control unit, a data transmission unit and an alarm. The suspension arm mechanism comprises a first rotating assembly, and the suspension arm mechanism is connected with the camera shooting platform through the first rotating assembly to control the camera shooting platform to rotate in a first rotating plane which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A second rotating assembly is arranged inside the camera shooting platform to control the camera shooting platform to rotate in a second rotating plane which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the first rotating plane at the same time. The gyroscope is arranged on the camera shooting platform and is electrically connected with the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly to control the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly to work.


A method for constructing fire histories has recently been proposed for fire-prone southern Australia based on the pattern of coloured bands in the remnant leaf-bases on stems of grasstrees (Xanthorrhoea species; Xanthorrhoeaceae). In the absence of alternative high-resolution techniques extending into the premodern period, this method has been utilized to construct fire histories for forest, woodland and shrubland ecosystems, principally in south-western Australia. However, the technique has not been validated against known fire histories spanning more than one fire interval. Here we compare fire records from 100 grasstrees with a 30-year record (1973-2002) of fire data derived from satellite imagery in a region of sandplain shrubland vegetation near Eneabba in south-western Australia. Fires occurred in eight of the 30 years of the satellite record, with sampled grasstrees burning between zero and four times. The grasstree and satellite records agreed in terms of the overall incidence of fires experienced over the 30-year period, with the grasstree record matching the satellite record significantly better than chance. However, comparison of the grasstree and satellite records found substantial error in the rate of both false positives and false negatives. Grasstrees failed to identify fire in 83% of fire occurrences identified by the satellite record, down to 53% if an error of ±2 years in the attribution of year of fire was allowed. A similar proportion of grasstree fire incidents were not matched in the satellite record (false positives). The rate of false positives increased with time before present, suggesting a temporal bias in the grasstree record. It is clear that the grasstree record does reflect fire history to a degree, but that it contains at least as many false as true fire records and may tend towards over-reporting the incidence of fire in the past.


As a developer of premium regional shopping malls, Homart Development Company designs, constructs, and leases new centers. Early in the development process, Homart negotiates and arranges accommodations for the large department store tenants. Once the department stores are situated and a general mall floorplan is known, Homart must decide how to lease the many smaller store spaces that complete the mall. The types, sizes, and locations of these smaller tenants play an important role in determining the financial success of a center. We formulated this problem of deciding a center's "tenant mix" as a nonlinear integer program and solved it using a linear approximation. Validation results show the method yields a potential 10 to 26 percent improvement in the present worth of a center.


Significance The current progress of genome editing techniques accelerates the knock-out and knock-in studies in animal models and production of genetic modifications in livestock. Increased resistance to viral pathogens is a particular goal because many monogenic host cell factors are necessary for productive infection and pathogenesis. For example, virus receptors with their specific virus binding sites are direct targets for the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. We introduced a single amino acid deletion into the gene encoding the receptor that is required for avian leukosis virus subgroup J to infect chicken cells. Here, we demonstrate that this mutation confers the resistance of chickens to avian leukosis virus subgroup J, an important pathogen in poultry. In addition, we present highly efficient genome-editing technology in chicken. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an important concern for the poultry industry. Replication of ALV-J depends on a functional cellular receptor, the chicken Na+/H+ exchanger type 1 (chNHE1). Tryptophan residue number 38 of chNHE1 (W38) in the extracellular portion of this molecule is a critical amino acid for virus entry. We describe a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of W38 in chicken primordial germ cells and the successful production of the gene-edited birds. The resistance to ALV-J was examined both in vitro and in vivo, and the ΔW38 homozygous chickens tested ALV-J–resistant, in contrast to ΔW38 heterozygotes and wild-type birds, which were ALV-J–susceptible. Deletion of W38 did not manifest any visible side effect. Our data clearly demonstrate the antiviral resistance conferred by precise CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in the chicken. Furthermore, our highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in primordial germ cells represents a substantial addition to genotechnology in the chicken, an important food source and research model.