QUANT-NET is a three-node quantum network research testbed funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The goal is to establish this network between two sites, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) and University of California, Berkeley, connected with an entanglement swapping substrate over optical fiber and managed by a quantum network protocol stack. On top of this entanglement swapping substrate the research team will implement the most basic building blocks of distributed quantum computing and quantum repeater by teleporting a controlled-NOT gate between two far trapped-ion quantum computation nodes. This paper presents QUANT-NET, its design, key technologies, and progress.


Partition and sorption characteristics of the cytokinin N-(phenylmethyl)-lH-purine-6-amine (N6-benzyladenine, BA) in two model systems were studied at 25°C. Apparent partition coefficients (KpH) for BA in an n-octanol:water (buffer) system were independent of BA concentration but decreased with increasing buffer concentration (ionic strength). A plot of KpH values versus pH (2 to 12) was a bell-shaped curve. At pH 2 or 12, KpH values were low (less than 2). As pH approached neutrality, KpH values increased approximately 20-fold. Estimates of pK1(3.3) and pK2 (10.7) values for BA were obtained from these data. The accuracy of this approach to determining pK values was verified with 2-(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (NAA). Correction of KpH values for dissociation effects on BA yielded partition coefficients (K) whose overall mean was 37. Sorption of BA by cuticles enzymatically isolated from abaxial and adaxial surfaces of mature rubber plant (Ficus elastica Roxb. cv. decora) leaves was initially rapid, however equilibrium was not reached by 432 h. At pH 2, sorption was low (approximately 5 μmol kg−1), whereas at pH 6 sorption increased approximately 11-fold. Sorption by abaxial cuticular membranes (CM) and dewaxed CM (DCM) was slightly higher than corresponding adaxial CM and DCM. Using natural logarithm values, KpH data were linearly-correlated with CM (r = 0.98) and DCM (r = 0.99) sorption data.


On the basis of the local strain fields in the specimen obtained from the drained plane strain compression (PSC) test on saturated sand,the strain localization on a shear band induced by post-peak softening is investigated.Under plane strain condition,the strain localization starts around the peak stress state;and a V-shaped shear band is formed at the residual stress state.It can be seen that sand has progressive failure feature with shear banding.The strain localization on a shear band induced by post-peak softening is one of the most important deformations and strength characteristics of sand.On the basis of dynamic relaxation method,a nonlinear finite element analysis(FEA) technique incorporating the three-component elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model for sand is developed to simulate the strain localization on a shear band.A strain localization parameter,S,is introduced into the constitutive model to describe the post-peak softening and shear banding.No direction of shear banding is specified in the finite element simulation.The direction of shear banding is implicitly assumed to be consistent with the direction of maximum shear strain.It is shown that the presented FEA can well simulate the strain localization on a shear band;and the maximum shear strain around the shear band is very close between physical test and finite element simulation.Therefore,the whole process simulation from pre-peak hardening,peak,post-peak softening to the residual stress state is implemented in the FEA.And the quantitative analysis of strain localization on a shear band for sand could also be done by the presented FEA technique.


The East Antarctic pelagic ecosystem is dominated by the pelagic fish Pleuragramma antarcticum which represents up to 90% of the fish biomass. P. antarcticum is the only species of the Nototheniidae family to have an entire pelagic life cycle. This species is characterized by a particularly long larval stage that lasts over a year and a vertical distribution with larvae in the surface layer and the older individuals in deeper ones. P. antarcticum is planktivorous at all stages of development and is the main prey of numbers of top predators. Thus, P. antarcticum appears as an important species in the ecosystem that links phytoplankton / zooplankton and the higher trophic levels. In this thesis we studied the trophic ecology of this species. In the first part of this study we studied fish larvae abundances and the vertical distribution of all developmental stages. We determined what parameters influenced the individual's larval condition and whether P. antarcticum can be considered as a good indicator of environmental changes. The second part of this thesis intended to clarify trophic relationships of P. antarcticum and its role in the ecosystem. We used different methods which allowed us to analyze the immediate diet (gut contents), the one from a period of few weeks (fatty acids) and finally the integration over a period of a month (stable isotopes). P. antarcticum emerges as a key species in a "wasp waist" ecosystem. As a result, changes in this species could have a significant impact on lower and upper trophic levels.


I The three works dedicated to securing the foundation of Kantian doctrine are linked inextricably to Hermann Cohen's philosophical life's work. For as much as Cohen distanced himself from Kant's conclusions on individual points in building his own system, the methodological consciousness that inspired all of Cohen's individual achievements certainly first achieved clarity and maturity in his scientific, comprehensive analysis of Kant's fundamental works. So in this case there is no division, no partition between the historian and the systematic philosopher. The impact that Cohen's books on Kant have had rests above all on this inner cohesion. The particular power of these books, and certainly, at the same time, their peculiar difficulty, consists in the fact that here the understanding of Kant is not considered as a matter for a detached historical professionalism, rather, it presupposes throughout a particular systematic position on the fundamental problems. The thinker positions himself in the great context of the history of philosophy and of science: ''philosophizing on one's own steam,'' in which each individual tries to find the solution to the problem of being solely in a personal, contingent reaction, should be brought to an end. But, at the same time, a historical perspective opens up here that cannot be achieved by any pragmatic description of a mere succession of ''systems.'' Each thought, each authentic fundamental theme for philosophizing, is situated in an ideal community with all the others: initially, this community of ideas lends sense and life to historical consideration as well. Cohen situates his works within this view of the task of history, outside the sphere of all mere ''Kant-philology.'' Kantian doctrine is not taken here as a dead and indifferent subject matter to be dissolved, as it were, into its individual isolated elements by a disinterested manipulation of concepts, and then put back together again in clever and erudite permutations. Rather, from the outset a highly unified point of view is present here, according to which the details of the system should be surveyed and grasped as a true whole. For Cohen, Kant's system answers the truly fateful question of philosophy in general: the question of the relation between philosophy and science. The reconstruction of this system from its original driving forces takes us into the midst of the historical debate over the continuation of philosophy itself. The value of Kant's doctrine is that the sharpest, most concise expression of this debate is found in his work: it is the quintessential revelation of his thought, ernst cassirer


ABSTRACT The O antigen is the outer part of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and contains many repeats of an oligosaccharide unit. It contributes to antigenic variability and is essential to the full function and virulence of bacteria. Shigella is a Gram-negative human pathogen that causes diarrhea in humans. The O antigen of Shigella boydii type 14 consists of repeating oligosaccharide units with the structure [→6-d-Galpα1→4-d-GlcpAβ1→6-d-Galpβ1→4-d-Galpβ1→4-d-GlcpNAcβ1→]n. The wfeD gene in the O-antigen gene cluster of Shigella boydii type 14 was proposed to encode a galactosyltransferase (GalT) involved in O-antigen synthesis. We confirmed here that the wfeD gene product is a β4-GalT that synthesizes the Galβ1-4GlcNAcα-R linkage. WfeD was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the activity was characterized by using UDP-[3H]Gal as the donor substrate as well as the synthetic acceptor substrate GlcNAcα-pyrophosphate-(CH2)11-O-phenyl. The enzyme product was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and galactosidase digestion. The enzyme was shown to be specific for the UDP-Gal donor substrate and required pyrophosphate in the acceptor substrate. Divalent metal ions such as Mn2+, Ni2+, and, surprisingly, also Pb2+ enhanced the enzyme activity. Mutational analysis showed that the Glu101 residue within a DxD motif is essential for activity, possibly by forming the catalytic nucleophile. The Lys211 residue was also shown to be required for activity and may be involved in the binding of the negatively charged acceptor substrate. Our study revealed that the β4-GalT WfeD is a novel enzyme that has virtually no sequence similarity to mammalian β4-GalT, although it catalyzes a similar reaction.


We present an interactive development environment (IDE) designed and implemented at the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to assist expert users in rapidly developing graphical user interface prototypes for the control of robotic systems. The Dynamic Development Environment (DDE) offers a highly flexible tool for interface design and development. The environment allows the direct manipulation and integration of running widgets to rapidly build a live interface. New widgets can be readily integrated and their behaviour tested within this environment, skipping code compilation and freeing the interface designer from most of the programming effort. Other IDE's such as Netbeans, .Net and Eclipse require separate compilation and execution steps. The DDE offers a new possibility by allowing the user to test the interface while it is being built without the need to launch the platform again.


This paper examines the role of the information contained in stock prices in the regulation of privatized firms. Stock prices contain noisy but unbiased information about firm's future prospects that regulators can use to decide on some regulatory policies. The main argument developed is that the observation of stock price movements reduces the incentives of regulators to develop their own monitoring technologies and can allow them to commit to relatively lighthanded regulations. This protects firm's investments in cost reduction activities and can increase ex ante welfare. Copyright 2002, Wiley-Blackwell.


Background: The hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is of concern in diabetic patients. They usually have underlying coronary and cerebrovascular disease which may lead to catastrophes during anesthesia. Materials and Methods: Seventy controlled diabetic and 70 non-diabetic patients were allocated in to four groups. Esmolol 1 mg/kg to study groups and normal saline to control groups was infused slowly over 1 min. Later all patients induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg. SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO 2 recorded every minute after intubation for 10 min. Results: In non-diabetic esmolol (NDE) and diabetic esmolol (DE) group we observed increase in heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), more in DE group compared to NDE group, but was non-significant (P > 0.05). In group non-diabetic control (NDC) and diabetic control (DC) there was significant increase (P = < 0.05) in HR, SBP, DBP for first 2 mins of intubation when compared with base line values. Rise is more marked in DC group than NDC group. Blood glucose measured after 10 mins of intubation shows no significant difference among both groups. Conclusion: Esmolol with low dose fentanyl is a near ideal drug for attenuating pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation in controlled diabetics.


BACKGROUND
Cerebral palsy (CP) has largely been an unaddressed problem in low and middle income countries (LMIC's). The purpose of this retrospective study is to provide a facility-based snapshot of CP in Nepal.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review of 1001 patients diagnosed as having cerebral palsy, presenting to our institution from December 2008 to December 2011, was carried out.

RESULTS
Majority of cases were found to be a result of birth complications and post-natal infections. Most children with CP were born at home, presented after walking age and came from socioeconomically unstable or borderline households. Less than 20% were attending school. Spastic diplegia was the most common presentation. Children with post-natal spasticity secondary to infection seemed to retain greater ambulatory potential.

CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to CP in developed countries, the etiology in LMIC's is largely related to birth-related complications and post-natal infections. There is an urgent need to address preventable causes of cerebral palsy in Nepal.


After a brief review of the course of applying GIS(Geographical Information System), an integration scheme and system frame of GIS for individual application is given. And the key technologies actualizing the communications system were analyzed. Finally several existing problems and applied prospect of this system are discussed.


Classification process flow at the edge of a shortest path bridging network for determining the flow label (320) for attachment to the frame into the network client (330). Several flow label (320) to traverse any label can be assigned to a specific egress node of the network client frame (330), and the flow indicated by the forwarding node for selecting a plurality of equal-cost paths. In one embodiment, the client provides functions in accordance with the contents of a frame selection marker randomized flow entropy source for calculating flow label several embodiments. In some embodiments, the source of entropy comprises a frame client Internet Protocol (IP) headers, but in other cases may comprise other client frame content.


Intellectual Property (IP) is increasingly recognised as a paramount intangible asset influencing the companies' value, corporate strategies and its management. This paper focuses on the impact of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) on the management of IP in inter-organisational interconnected collaborative networks. Such interconnected networks will allow groups of companies, often competitors and customers, to share data and to collaborate in the design, development and manufacture of complex products and services, exchanging large amounts of proprietary technical data.This article is part of a larger research project focused in the UK manufacturing industry which relies on an in-depth study of IP management in the UK manufacturing supply chain to critically assess the current practices and to provide recommendations to mitigate the challenges related to IP in this new and complex collaborative setting.The study concludes that IP and contractual tools deployed in this new environment must be underpinned by the business strategy and the business model. In addition, changes to organisational structures are necessary to bring together functions that typically operate in silos in many manufacturing businesses, namely: engineering, information technologies, commercial and legal departments.


One of the important unresolved questions on the analysis of urban traffic congestion deals with urban congestion penalty versus advantage. This research with examine whether larger cities experience disproportionately greater traffic congestion by using data available from Tom Tom for 164 global cities. Results from a panel data of multivariate regression from 164 cities indicate that larger cities do experience moderately greater congestions level, supporting urban congestion penalty. However, the degree of congestion penalty increases rapidly, as the population size of cities in subgroups increase. Implications from these findings will be discussed.


With this research, the suitability of the existing large shopping malls in the city of Konya for the use of physically disabled individuals, the problems they may experience in their use and their expectations were evaluated. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in 4 large shopping malls, private or public rehabilitation malls for the disabled, and the Konya Branch of the Turkish Association for the Disabled. The research was carried out in 2018-2019. A survey was conducted with disabled people who volunteered on different days, weekdays, and weekends. Even though it is difficult to access, the shopping mall where they can be most comfortable as a disabled person has been "Novada". While "Novada AVM" stands out due to the ease of use of the sanitary facilities, the presence of landmarks for the visually impaired, the presence of a battery-chair charging station and the availability of wheelchairs, "Kent plaza", where its staff receives "sign language" training for the speech-impaired, is one of the preferred shopping malls. has been. In this research, "Kulesite" shopping mall has been the most preferred shopping mall due to the ease of transportation by "tramway".


Objective To establish a method for determining the content of polysaccharide in Mycoblastus alpinus.Methods The content of polysaccharide in Mycoblastus alpinus was determined by ultraviolet spectrometry.Results The standard curve was of good linearity at the range of 20.846-104.230 μg·mL-1,r=0.997 0,and the average recovery was 106.4% with RSD 2.6%(n=6).Conclusion The method constructed was simple,repeatable and could be used to determine the content of polysaccharide in Mycoblastus alpinus effectively.


The mass spectrum of the 2,3-dinor-11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (DNDTXB2) 1-methyl ester-11-n-propylamide-9,12,15-tris-dimethylisopropylsilyl ether derivative was characterized by the base peak ion [M C3H7]+ (m/z 670), and it exhibited a series of ions typical of the expected derivative. Many of the fragmentation products could be explained in terms of their simple bond fission mechanisms. Ions containing silicon atom in the low-mass region were produced via a six-membered ring transition or by formation of the cyclic dimethylsilylene ring system, which were common to the TXB metabolites having a δ-lactone ring system. These results revealed that this mass spectrum was similar to that of the corresponding 11-dehydro-TXB2 derivative except for the obvious shift produced by the lack of C2/C3 hydrocarbon units. The presence of DNDTXB2 in the urine of a healthy adult was confirmed by gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring.


Objectives: The pterional approach is the most common approach in vascular neurosurgery, but in recent years has been an increasing interest in minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery. We present preliminary results from the use of Minipterional Craniotomy in surgery for cerebral aneurysms performed in the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in 2009. Methods: We performed a Mini-pterional Craniotomy of 2.5 x 3 cm from a curved incision of approximately 5-6 cm behind the hairline and centered on the orbitofrontal and posterior aneurysm clipping, in patients with PComA, bifurcation ICA and MCA aneurysms, during the late period, Hunt and Hess I-III, without edema, vasospasm or associated hematoma. Results: From January to December 2009 six patients were operated by Mini-pterional Craniotomy, 4 with PComA aneurysms (66%), 1 with ICA (17%) and 1 with MCA (17%). All were operated on late and Hunt and Hess was I in 3 cases (50%) III in 2 cases (33%) and II (17%). There were no operative complications and the outcome was favorable in most cases: Rankin 1 (50%) and Rankin 2 (33%). Conclusions: Mini-pterional Craniotomy is a minimally invasive surgery for brain aneurysms, which maintains the advantages of the standard pterional approach, but it minimizes the exposure of brain parenchyma and soft tissue manipulation. It is a valid surgical alternative in selected cases, mainly from PComA and MCA aneurysms.


Multiferroic molecules for spintronics: In a many-electron mixed-valence dimer with dominant double exchange, as compared with antiferromagnetic superexchange, the electric field is shown to induce a spin crossover from the ferromagnetic spin state to the antiferromagnetic one. This leads to a sharp decrease in the magnetic moment of the molecule and a simultaneous stepwise increase in the electric dipole (see figure).


In this paper, the brain activities for short-term and long-term memory were verified by event-related potentials of the brain. In addition, long-term memory had a proactive interference to short-term memory that could be found by observing the changes of potentials in the brain. In clinical trials, subjects randomly selected a poker card (target) to be memorized. Subsequently, they were tested by the recognition task that was comprised of a target card and two different cards. The changes of ERPs during card presentation reflected the retrieval process of memory in the brain. Experimental results revealed that the amplitude of P300 of ERPs was related to the short-term memory and could be used to identify whether the presented card was in one's memory or not. The card that was memorized in the short-term memory elicited a larger P300 than other cards without memorization. However, experimental results also found that some meaningful cards, for example spade-2, existed in one's long-term memory and elicited larger P300 amplitude than memorized cards in short-term memory, achieving significant levels. Thus, long-term memory affected the recognition task of short-term memory. The electrophysiological changes are an indicator to memory process and reflect the degree of meaning of objects in the memory. The research provided valuable results that support theories about memory in psychology.


We study the radiation hardness of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser diodes (VCSELs) and the epitaxial silicon PIN diodes that will be used for the Atlas SemiConductor Tracker at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The tests were conducted with 200MeV protons to a fluence of 4 10 p=cm and with 20MeV (average energy) neutrons to 7:7 10 n=cm. The radiation damage of the VCSELs and PINs and the annealing characteristics are presented. r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 07.89+b; 42.60. v; 42.79. e; 42.88+h; 85.60 q


Inflammatory stimuli induce immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) expression that in turn catalyzes the production of itaconate through diverting cis-aconitate away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The immunoregulatory effect of IRG1/itaconate axis has been recently documented in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse and human macrophages. Currently, whether IRG1/itaconate axis exerts a modulatory effect in ischemic stroke remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated whether IRG1 plays a role in modulating ischemic brain injury. Our results showed IRG1 was highly induced in the ischemic brain following ischemic injury. We found that IRG1−/− stroke animals exhibited exacerbated brain injury, displayed with enlarged cerebral infarct, compared to wild type stroke controls. Furthermore, IRG1−/− stroke animals presented aggravated blood-brain barrier disruption, associated with augmented Evans blue leakage of the ischemic brain. Moreover, IRG1−/− stroke animals displayed elevated microglia activation, demonstrated with increased CD68, CD86, and Iba1 expression. Further analysis revealed that IRG1 was induced in microglia after ischemic stroke, and deficiency in IRG1 resulted in repressed microglial heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Notably, the administration of dimethyl itaconate, an itaconate derivative, to compensate the deficiency of IRG1/itaconate axis led to enhanced microglial HO-1 expression, alleviated ischemic brain injury, improved motor function, and decreased mortality rate in IRG1−/− stroke animals. In summary, we demonstrate that the induction of IRG1 in microglia following ischemic stroke may serve as a protective mechanism to restrain brain injury through HO-1 upregulation.
 This work was supported by Indiana University Startup Fund and in part by the National Institutes of Health (R01NS102449) to J.-H.Y.


-1 Kola testa (K 5N0) and Control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications The results showed that the sole application of kola testa and the integration of kola testa with NPK fertilizer increased significantly (p<0.05) the growth performance, soil and leaf chemical composition of kola seedlings, compared to control. 10t ha


LD50 (Lethal Dose50) is one of the parameters which can determine the degree of toxicity of materials. This toxicity test evaluated the toxic dose and death in test animals. Bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation. The aimed of this study was to determine the LD50 value from ethanolic extract of bulb onion in male mice. This experiment was designed as an experimental study by using 180 male mice divided into 1 control group and 5 treatment groups. The control group was given a suspension of CMC-Na 0.5%; 50 mg/kg bw, and treatment groups were given the suspension with doses of 1; 10; 100; 1000 and 10000 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract of bulb onion. The suspension as well as CMC was given orally with the single dose prior to the evaluation. The toxic effects were evaluated by observation of tremor, diarrhea, salivation, limp, walked backward, walked with stomach and the number of dead animals. The observation period lasted for 14 days. The LD50 value was calculated based on Farmakope Indonesia 3 rd Edition method. The toxicity test showed mice that were given ethanolic extract of bulb onion in the control and the treatment group of 1; 10 and 100 mg/kg bw did not show any toxic symptoms and death of animals, but the treatment groups with 1000 and 10000 mg/kg bw showed toxic symptoms and death of animals. The calculation result LD50 obtained was 8971.64 mg/kg bw ± 1454.32. According the relative toxicity classification of Lu (1994), ethanolic extract of bulb onion was classified as toxic mild because the LD50 value was between 5-15 g/kg bw. The range value of LD50 ethanolic extract of bulb onion is 7517.32 – 10425.96 mg/kg bb. Keyword: bulb onion (Allium cepa L.), LD50, toxicity Universitas Sumatera Utara


ABSTRACT: Despite the 'progressive' influence of the English Plowden Report and Scottish Primary Memorandum on British primary curricula from the 1960s onwards, secondary education has generally continued to follow a more traditional subject-centred route and post-war educational theorists have not generally been favourably inclined to other than subject-based modes of curriculum planning and organisation. However, in the light of current curriculum reviews on both sides of the Scottish border – calling for more educationally meaningful curricula – the perennial issue of how school knowledge might best be ordered for the coherent educational experience of pupils seems worth revisiting. To this end, this paper examines some of the influential post-war philosophical arguments against integrated and interdisciplinary approaches to the curricular organisation of knowledge, concluding that they are not as compelling as they might formerly have seemed.


Aim. To assess the hemostatic system on the aspirin therapy background using the VerifyNow Aspirin test, as well as examining platelet aggregation and low-frequency piezothromboelastography in patients with coronary artery disease during coronary artery bypass grafting. Materials and methods. 100 people with coronary artery disease who were taking aspirin (75–100 mg daily) for more than 1 year were examined. The study was performed in the perioperative period of coronary bypass surgery without aspirin withdrawal. Evaluation of hemostasis was performed by the VerifyNow Aspirin тest (USA), platelet aggregation (Нelena Laboratories AggRAMTM, Britain) and the low-frequency piezothromboelastography (ARP-01M "Mednord", Russia). Results. Patients included in the study were sensitive to aspirin when under long-term administration of a drug: indicator test was VerifyNow ARU 496,9 ± 21,3)%, the platelet aggregation to ADP and adrenaline was reduced by 46% and 52%, respectively. In the early postoperative period platelet aggregation of ADP decreased by 73,2%, collagen – 75,9%, and adrenaline – 82,64% in comparison with the control group. Perioperative hemorrhagic complications in the study group were not observed. Reduction of platelet aggregation after aspirin therapy was accompanied by an increase in thrombin activity of the blood, which allows for evaluation of the method of low-frequency piezothromboelastography (LPTEG). In the early postoperative period, the results of LPTEG, thrombin potential, and anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of blood were partially normalized without reaching the level of the control group. Conclusion. For the evaluation of hemostasis under aspirin therapy it is advisable to apply the low-frequency piezothromboelastography, which in contrast to the VerifyNow test and traditional platelet aggregation, allows one to reveal a degree of impairment in thrombin blood activity and to conduct an integrative assessment on all aspects of hemostasis.


Abstract : This reseach aims to know: (1) the effects of brand image toward students satisfaction on academic services, (2) the effects of brand image and students satisfaction on academic services toward student's loyalty of Padang State University (UNP). The research sample is the senior students of UNP (> 5 semester) with technical sampling by purposive sampling method. The path analysis is used to statistical test. The results of this research show that (1) brand image of UNP significantly affect toward student's satisfaction. 2) the brand image and the students satisfaction on academic services significantly affect student's loyalty of Padang State University (UNP) at α =0.05. Kata kunci : Brand Image, Kepuasan dan  Loyalitas Mahasiswa.


The continuous and aggressive dimensional miniaturization ofthe conventional complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)architecture has been the main impetus for the vast growth ofIC industry o ...


Th is paper examines expressive sentences in Polish, such as Idiota, nie kierowca! (lit. idiot, not driver) 'an idiot of a driver' and Potwór, nie matka! (lit. monster, not mother) 'a monster of a mother'. Variants of the "X, not Y" construction, its optional and obligatory elements are identifi ed. Diff erences are emphasised between the emphatic "X, not Y construction" and non-emphatic negative copular clauses. Moreover, relatedness is discussed between expressive NN juxtapositions, such as kierowca idiota (lit. driver idiot) 'an idiot of a driver' or matka potwór (lit. mother monster) 'a monster of a mother', and the "X, not Y" construction. Semantic-structural types of expressive NN juxtapositions are considered, following the cross-linguistic classifi cation of multiword units proposed by Scalise and Bisetto (2009). Th e reversibility of NN juxtapositions is taken into account as well. Th e question is addressed which types of juxtapositions allow their constituents to appear in the "X, not Y" construction.


The subject of this paper is the problem of nonparametric estimation of a continuous distribution function from observations with measurement errors. We study minimax complexity of this problem when unknown distribution has a density belonging to the Sobolev class, and the error density is ordinary smooth. We develop rate optimal estimators based on direct inversion of empirical characteristic function. We also derive minimax affine estimators of the distribution function which are given by an explicit convex optimization problem. Adaptive versions of these estimators are proposed, and some numerical results demonstrating good practical behavior of the developed procedures are presented.


This action temporarily delays the effective date of the November 25, 2008 final rule entitled, Medicaid Program; Premiums and Cost Sharing" (73 FR 71828) until December 31, 2009. In addition, this action reopens the comment period on the policies set out in the November 25, 2008 final rule, and specifically solicits comments on the effect of certain provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.


Objective. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is extensively expressed by advanced atherosclerotic lesions and may play a role in plaque instability. We selected a group of elderly subjects that underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or balloon angioplasty (BA) and separated them into two groups, diabetic and nondiabetic, to compare the level of Lp-PLA2 mass between them. Methods. 44 patients aged 79.6 ± 5.6 years with symptomatic severe aortic valve stenosis underwent TAVI (n = 35) or BA (n = 9). 21 subjects had confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lp-PLA2 mass was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (USCN Life Science, China) before and 3 days after the procedure. Results. Lp-PLA2 mass was significantly elevated in this population (1296 ± 358 ng/mL before TAVI; 1413 ± 268 ng/mL before BA) and further increased after TAVI (1604 ± 437 ng/mL, P < 0.01) or BA (1808 ± 303 ng/mL, P < 0.01). Lp-PLA2 mass was significantly increased on the diabetic group before these interventions. Conclusion. Lp-PLA2 may be a novel biomarker for the presence of rupture-prone atherosclerotic lesions in elderly patients. Levels of Lp-PLA2 in diabetic patients may accompany the higher amount of small dense LDL particles seen in these subjects.


The program K FIT has been modi ed to have the ability to extract the locations and strengths of isolated steering, quadrupole and skew quadrupole errors. The mathematics behind the wave analysis is presented along with example analyses of data.


Creation of systems of proactive technical maintenance of the equipment requires conduction of a detailed study of changes in vibration condition of technical objects in the course of their use. Stationary systems of vibration control and monitoring in their work are guided by the standard criteria and signal about the appearance of emergency dangerous situations or carry out protection functions. However, the identification of the reasons for changes in technical condition of the controlled object is not their main function. Modern computer or plug-in systems allow reception of long (tens of seconds, minutes, hours, days) realizations of vibration signals which reflect vibration condition of the tested mechanism in various regimes without interruption. The visual analysis of a number of such vibration signals showed the existence of rare vibration eruptions and disturbances which are almost unidentified through the vibration signal parameters and spectral analysis. The method of processing of vibration signals is presented, based on their decomposition into periodic and noise-type components and wavelet analysis which focuses on detection of rarely created vibration eruptions and disturbances. These vibration anomalies indicate the origin of defects and their study is directed on the perfection of the means of technical diagnostics of mechanisms according to the vibration parameters.


This paper shows us the use of machine learning to detect islanding condition in micro-grid. Islanding is the condition where micro-grid gets disconnected from the main grid, where it contains the loads and the distribution generation and stations. Whenever there is a need of the maintenance or having fault condition,islanding is necessitate. There are distinct methods which should be used for detecting the islanding mode. Active and passive methods are generally used. In the passive technique there is aproblem of large non-detection zone(NDZ). The main research focuses on reducing NDZ. In this paper, ridge regression technique is used for the detection of islanding condition. This research paper contains the details about the advantages of using ridge regression for the islanding detection. PYTHON is implemented to validate the process.


The effects of wind, waves, currents, water levels and operational loads are measured and recorded on board the two Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs). The Hutton TLP has been in service through seven North Sea winters and the Jolliet TLWP has seen two years of Gulf of Mexico weather. Performance data, including Metocean parameters, platform on-board load status and platform responses (including motions, tension leg forces, riser strokes and angles, etc.) have been acquired and analysed. The paper briefly describes the data acquisition systems, analysis methods and reporting practices. Lessons learnt about the design assumptions, analysis methods, operating experience and overall behaviour are described and discussed. The measured performance of these innovative systems provides strong confirmation that their responses are well within the designers expectations. Improved insights based on at-sea performance records and analyses should lead to better knowledge of system behaviour and will enable better, simpler, less expensive and more capable future system designs.


The highly nonlinear responses of compliant ocean structures characterized by a large-geometry restoring force and a coupled fluid-structure interaction excitation are of great interest to ocean engineers. Practical modeling, parameter identification, and incorporation of the inherent nonlinear dynamics in the design of these systems are essential and challenging. An experimental mooring system exhibiting nonlinear behavior due to geometric nonlinearity of mooring line angles and the complexity of hydrodynamic excitations is chosen for the study. An IndependentFlow-Field (IFF) model based on Morison equation and its associated nonlinear system identification algorithm is used to evaluate the system parameters of an experimental submerged mooring system. With the input wave and output system response data known, based on multiple input/single-output linear analysis of reverse dynamic system, the methodology identifies the linear and nonlinear system properties. A sensitive analysis is conducted to investigate the coupled hydrodynamic forces modeled by the Morison equation, nonlinear stiffness from mooring lines and nonlinear response.


The efficient applications of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in automotive-rated and safety critical hardware-accelerators require an interplay of DNN design optimization, programming techniques and hardware resources. Ad-hoc pruning would result in irregular sparsity and compression leading in very inefficient real world applications. Therefore, the proposed methodology, called Dense-Sparse Convolution, makes use of the right balance between pruning regularity, quantization and the underlying vectorized hardware. Different word length compute units, e.g. CPU, are used for low latency inference of the spares CNNs. The proposed open source CPU-kernel scales along with the vector word length and the number of cores.


'Artist-led and community-focused projects are key to placemaking, says Susan Jones. Just look at Preston, where the In Certain Places programme has been doing it for 12 years.' This article provides an overview of In Certain Places, within the context of national public art commissioning models.


The ion current rectification (ICR) arising due to the transport of ionized liquids within a geometrically asymmetric nanopore is of great significance for the development of smart nanogadgets with unique working capabilities. Though the theoretical framework for the ICR is well developed, the influence of the finite size of ions on the ICR phenomena had not been addressed before. The ion steric repulsion due to finite ion size and dielectric decrement of the medium creates a counterion saturation. In this study, a modified electrokinetic model is adopted to describe the ICR phenomena of a single conical nanopore by considering the hydrated ions as finite-sized dielectric charged spheres. The Nernst–Planck equations for ion transport are modified to incorporate the short-range ion steric interactions modeled by the Boublik–Mansoori–Carnahan–Starling–Leland equation as well as Born force and dielectrophoretic force acting on the hydrated ions engender by the ion–solvent interactions. The counterion saturation attenuates the shielding effect of the surface charge of the nanopore leading to a larger ζ-potential and hence, a larger volume flux and reduced conduction. We find that the ion steric interactions and the dielectric decrement significantly influence the ICR phenomena as well as the ion selectivity of a conical nanopore, especially for moderate to high range of surface charge density, bulk concentration, and applied bias. We find that ICR varies linearly with temperature; however, the variation is found to be marginal. Our results show that the volume flux and the rectification factor of the conical nanopore can be suitably tuned by adding salt of larger counterion size or multivalent ions.


This book is the first fully documented account of the 30-year campaign to replace Britain's severe and archaic abortion law. Starting with the work of the Abortion Law Reform Association in the 1930s, it reaches into the 19690s as change begins to become imminent thanks to a new generation of reformers. With an introduction by David Steel.


We consider three monads on

$\mathsf{Top}$

 , the category of topological spaces, which formalize topological aspects of probability and possibility in categorical terms. The first one is the Hoare hyperspace monad H, which assigns to every space its space of closed subsets equipped with the lower Vietoris topology. The second one is the monad V of continuous valuations, also known as the extended probabilistic powerdomain. We construct both monads in a unified way in terms of double dualization. This reveals a close analogy between them and allows us to prove that the operation of taking the support of a continuous valuation is a morphism of monads

$V \to H$

 . In particular, this implies that every H-algebra (topological complete semilattice) is also a V-algebra. We show that V can be restricted to a submonad of

$\tau$

 -smooth probability measures on

$\mathsf{Top}$

 . By composing these morphisms of monads, we obtain that taking the supports of

$\tau$

 -smooth probability measures is also a morphism of monads.


Objective
To explore the effect of prone position in combination with noninvasive mechanical ventilation on the treatment of the newborns with acute lung injury /acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS).

Methods
Selected 90 cases of newborns with ALI/ARDS who were treated in the neaonate intensive care unit from October 2014 to October 2015. According to the random number table method, all the selected cases were divided into the observation group and the control group, corresponding random numbers as even into the observation group and odd numbers into the control group, 45 cases in each group. The control group was implemented the supine ventilation, while the observation group was implemented the prone position ventilation. The implementation was given every four hours at a time, one hour each treatment. Then, the changes of hemodynamic indexes and blood gas analysis index of two groups of patients were compared at the beginning of the ventilation (0 h), 2 h and 24 h, respectively.

Results
The ventilation way of both groups played a little role in improving the hemodynamic effects. There was no significant difference in the comparison of mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure of two groups of newborns at the different times (P > 0.05). However, heart rate in the observation group was (103.1±3.7) beats/min had dramatically improved after ventilated 24 h when compared with (111.8±5.6) beats/min in the control group (t=8.70, P 0.05).

Conclusions
The prone position ventilation can better improve oxygenation of newborns with ALI/ARDS, and it can promote oxygenation and correct hypoxia by improving the newborn's the ratio of ventilation/blood flow. Therefore, it's worth scaling up its clinical application.

Key words:
Prone position; Acute lung injury; Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Noninvasive mechanical ventilation


Graphene nanomeshes are mainly produced through top-down lithography, resulting in unavoidable defects or contamination. In this article, we demonstrate a bottom-up approach through partial intercalation of fluorine between the carbon buffer layer and the underlying SiC(0001) substrate by low-temperature annealing of a deposited molecular layer of fluorinated fullerenes C60F48. Due to the inherent periodicity of the bonding between the buffer layer and the underlying SiC(0001) substrate, selective fluorination and partial intercalation take place. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy as well as density functional theory calculations, the existence of a graphene nanomesh with the local atomic arrangement of a graphene sheet and surface corrugation of long-range periodicity is revealed. Surprisingly, the nanomesh exhibits electronically an intermediate state between the conventional buffer layer and quasi-free-standing graphene. Specifically, unlike the buffer layer, which is bonded covalent...


The stationary/average behaviour of the (ferro)silicon process has been described by a comparatively simple stoichiometric modeL The process is divided into a hot hearth region and a comparatively colder upper Zone. In the hearth energy is supplied, and silicon is produced along with the crater gases SiO and CO. In the upper zone a large part of the SiO-gas is recovered, either by converting carbon to SiC or by "condensing". The stoichiometric model is now an integrated part of Elkem's continued education for the process metallurgists within the frame of The Elkem University. In the special sessions for the FeSilSi-processes, theoretical lectures alternate with hands-on model sessions. The stoichiometric model and its educational use have established a common basis for exchanging theories, ideas, and experience among Elkem's research specialists and process metallurgists.


interactive presentation of an ever-changing, yet implacably real, subject matter. The ultimate value of this book lies in its providing a circumstantial example of how to think in systemic terms about complex multidimensional systems evolving over time. Malaria is actor and indicator, cause and consequence, input and outcome; the histories of yellow fever and anthrax, of tuberculosis and typhus teach parallel lessons of everrenegotiated interdependence and mutual interaction. That individual elements in Webb's argument may be tentative is of little moment (we assume, for example, that our knowledge of the human immune system at the molecular level is a work in progress), compared to his effort to demonstrate interconnections normally unexplored or ghettoized in disciplinary and subdisciplinary job descriptions. Webb's vision of the historian's task undermines the coherence of the aeld's traditional internal boundaries and helps to deane a new readership as well as new disciplinary possibilities.


It is argued that just as relationships are said to face a "seven-year itch," scientific and technical subjects encounter a five-year itch. Five years is roughly the period during which you can master and contribute significantly to a subject. Beyond that, there are still many things to investigate, but the point is that you won't discover them. After five years, some degree of tunnel vision is almost guaranteed. Managers face a similar time span. A fresh topic, with a different set of challenges and boundary conditions, allows you to contribute to a new field and broaden your skills. An engineer or scientist with expertise in different corners of microelectronic design is able to bring more value to a company or a research team. Moreover, a regular change of topic keeps your mind fresh and eager for challenges.


Purpose-In recent years, we tend to area unit seeing larger usage of social media by all walks of life. Within the developing countries the employment of social media is growing at Associate in nursing exponential rate. During this development the company additionally connexion their hand and tributary by making their own pages this growth has created a giant within the minds of the investigator. What makes these public to take part in social media? By public taking part in Social media what these company try to get? Design/Methodology/approach-This study may be a combination of each qualitative and quantitative approach. The qualitative approach used the netnography technique to look at the Facebook community. The screening question was asked to clarify the unit of study so as to form certain that the respondents had just one Facebook account. The analysis conducted the survey of 1119 respondents from were received with needed coverage and details. To understand the performance of the Organization, separate form was used and picked up knowledge from seventy two social media marketers from industry, producing and rag trade. Results: Through searching in what means social media will have an effect on whole equity of brands Fan page, this study known the potential key uses of social media in building whole equity of brands. This analysis has unconcealed that social media functionalities create it potential for wholes audience to market the brand in their own network of relations. Originality/Value-This paper demonstrates the core drivers that encourage community to partake in social media and upshots of involvement also its doles to marketers, this is often the primary study steered for mobile brands. This study is often employed by types and organizations to interconnect commendably with customers and apps to fascinate fans.


The hydration and subsequent hydraulic performance of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) depend on the water-retention curve (WRC) of the GCL. Because of the inherent difficulty in obtaining the WRC for these materials, limited data exists regarding the WRCs of GCLs in the literature. In this study, high-capacity tensiometers and capacitance relative humidity sensors were used to quantify the water-retention behavior of GCLs for four different GCL products that vary both in materials (woven and nonwoven geotextiles) and in fabrication detail (thermal treatment and needle-punching). The water-retention behavior was investigated under wetting and drying paths; we present results in terms of gravimetric and volumetric moisture content and bulk GCL void ratio. The WRCs of the different GCL products showed significant variation among wetting and drying curves, indicating that both needle-punching and thermal treatment have a significant effect on the swelling behavior of the GCL and its WRC. Theoretical equations...


The acceptance of a system as a whole strongly depends on the quality and appropriateness of its user interface in a certain working environment. Especially in the medical environment particular conditions - such as heavy workload on physicians and nurses, the patient's health as the overall objective and lack of time for training - have to be taken into account; these conditions demand for sophisticated adaptation strategies.


Summary. Whole blood delta‐aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) concentrations and crythrocyte ALA dehydratase activity have been measured in patients with iron deficiency anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia and secondary anaemia, and in normal subjects. ALA concentration was found to tbe significantly increased in all types of anaemai compared with normal. Erythrocyte ALA dehydratase activity was significantly increased in iron deficiency and megaloblastic anaemia but not in secondary anaemia.


Fast DCT-IV implementation of previously presented novel discrete critically-sampled real Gabor transform is proposed in the paper and some aspects of its application to image compression are discussed including the choice of window functions and quantization schemes. Direct links between the new cosine Gabor transform and cosine modulated filter banks as well as cosine modulated lapped transforms are given.


Excessive computation cost is one of the major reasons hindering wider use of three dimensional direct image reconstruction in computed tomography (CT). The problem is more severe in industrial computed tomography (ICT) because ICT seldom utilizes specially designed hardware. This paper presents a geometric parameter lookup table method for fast implementation of the FDK (Feldkamp-Davis-Kress) algorithm using periodic functions, i.e., the backprojection addresses and weights are calculated in advance. Therefore, the lookup only occurs in the backprojection. The table avoids repeated calculations in the FDK algorithm, reducing the calculation burden to a level that a PC can perform well. Pre-interpolation and nearest neighbor interpolation are utilized to avoid repeated interpolations. The effect of pre-interpolation on the image quality is investigated. This method was implemented on an X-CT system (BCT-4) with the experimental results showing that the method is practical.


This work addresses the task of forecasting the popularity achieved by images shared through social media over time. This task is known as "Popularity Dynamic Prediction". The work is motivated by the fact that the popularity of social images, which is usually estimated at a precise instant of the post lifecycle, could be affected by the period of the post (i.e., how old is the post). To this aim, we exploited a recently released dataset for popularity dynamic prediction that includes about 20.000 images uploaded on Flickr and their sequences of engagement scores (i.e., number of views, number of comments and number of favorites) with a daily granularity. To build such a dataset, each image and its accompanying meta-data and statistics are downloaded within a few hours from the image posting on the social platform. Then, an automatic procedure collected the daily engagement scores of each observed picture for 30 days. The paper presents an approach in which the engagement score is formulated as a composition of two information associated to the evolution over time (shape) and the order of magnitude (scale) of the sequence. The two properties are inferred individually, then the two results are combined to predict the popularity dynamics over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> days. This paper presents exhaustive experiments on the addressed task, evaluating a large number of experimental settings for the predictions of popularity sequences with different length <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n = 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 20 or 30). In all settings, the prediction performed by the proposed method can be computed before the image is posted (i.e., at time zero).


The author reviews a monograph by H. Yilmaz, the first attempt to synthesise data for the last half-century on the issue of Soviet nation-building: it demonstrates that in the 1930s–1940s, the Stalin regime purposefully formed historical narratives of the peoples of the USSR to lay foundations for their national identity. The author demonstrates that foreign policy played an important role in constructing the necessary historical narratives, especially the fear that neighbouring countries could use some nations for their own purposes. The most important reason for the intensive construction of the Soviet version of Ukraine's national history was Nazi Germany's desire to prove the historical inferiority of Slavic peoples. The book pays special attention to the formation of a new pantheon of national heroes and their use by Soviet propaganda to stimulate patriotic mobilisation during the Great Patriotic War. According to H. Yilmaz, no universal pattern was used to create national histories. For instance, the national histories of Azerbaijan and Ukraine had more national romantic features than the Kazakh historical narrative. Thus, the process behind the writing of national histories was not one-sided compliance with the orders of the Soviet centre. National histories were authored by local historians controlled by local elites actively involved in nation-building. The book emphasises the fact that that images of the past created during the Stalin era still have a significant influence on the modern identity of the citizens of the post-Soviet republics.


Drawing from clinical, supervisory, and research resources related to implementing online counseling services, the author provides practical suggestions for counselors considering or using the Internet as a counseling medium. The author outlines ethical and technical considerations, counselor characteristics, and some specific strategies to employ during online counseling. The author also includes a checklist to evaluate online practices and details an analysis of state licensure codes related to online counseling.


Today, "body narrative", as one of the tactics of feminist writing, is highly valued by a group of Chinese female writers. But severe defects exist in this theory, consequently, in textual practice, which begins from rebelling male-centrism and asserting female, but in fact sells female indignity and body. This article analyzes the defects of "body narrative" theory and the flaws in today's Chinese feminist novels that look upon "body narrative" as their banner.


Review of empirical studies indicates that suicide is more common in persons suffering from some physical illnesses (e.g., epilepsy, head injuries, Huntington's Chorea, gastrointestinal diseases, AIDS, and cancer), but other chronic diseases and disabilities have not been linked to increased suicide risk (e.g., blindness, senile dementia, multiple sclerosis, and other physical handicaps). The timing of increased suicide risk varies in different illnesses from early presymptomatic stages to the terminal phase. Difficulties in reliably determining when someone is "terminally ill" and problems of the competence of persons with a poor prognosis complicate empirical investigations of euthanasia, assisted suicide, and the desire to hasten death. The role of family and caregivers in end of life decisions needs further clarification. Researchers have found that pain and suffering and quality of life variables may be linked to the desire to die prematurely, particularly in cancer patients. Others find that clinical depression is a major factor. But, since depression is often present, we do not know why a small minority of depressed patients desire and choose to hasten death. Support for alternative hypotheses is examined, including the role of pre-morbid suicidality and depression, individual differences in coping strategies and indirect consequences of the illness. There is a need to clarify links between attitudes, which is the major variable studied, and actual behaviors and decisions. Furthermore, we need theoretical and empirical links between studies of suicide, which is linked to clinical depression and characterized by ambivalence and studies of euthanasia, which is often depicted as rational and with little ambivalence. Evaluative research should be conducted to determine if interventions to reduce the desire for a premature death by suicide, euthanasia, or assisted suicide are effective. In the light of this review, we present several considerations for those involved in proposing changes in public policy concerning euthanasia and assisted suicide.


Introduction The Mediterranean region (including northern Africa) has in recent decades been subject to a distinctly decreasing precipitation trend, starting in the 1970s (Dunkeloh and Jacobeit 2003, Xoplaki et al. 2004, Luterbacher et al. 2006). A trend towards wetter winters occurred over the same time period in northwestern Europe (Jones and Conway 1997, Kiely 1999, Mills 2005). Winter precipitation in both regions is closely linked to hemispheric circulation patterns (e.g., Xoplaki et al. 2004, Pauling and Paeth 2007) and to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in particular (Hurrell 1995). Positive NAO winters are characterized by a deeper than normal trough over Iceland and a higher than normal ridge over the Azores (Fig. 1a), resulting in an anomalously strong westerly flow, wet conditions over northwestern Europe, and dry conditions in the Mediterranean. During negative NAO phases, precipitation patterns are effectively inverted, and the subtropical High, Icelandic Low, and westerly flow are weak (Fig. 1b). The NAO pattern shows a large amount of interannual variance, but is also variable on decennial time-scales (Van Loon and Rodgers 1978, Hurrell 1995).


Just about all downhole exploratory and operational tools employ a large number of analog and digital electronics sub-systems and different sensors, gauges etc. all of which need stable and reliable D.C. power supplies. There exists a geothermal gradient of 25 to 30 C/km (40-48 C/mile) and at depth of 5 kms, temperature can be as high as 170 C and pressure up to 900 bars. But with increasing demand for oil and fast depleting crude oil reserves, almost all companies are now digging deeper and wider, with requirements for downhole tools to be rated at 200oC. Its implications are that all electronics should not only survive but function at these higher temperatures and pressures. Leading companies, making oil exploration tools and equipment, in both "Logging while drilling" and "continuous logging" applications, need electronics for motion control, instrumentation, computation and telemetry and, to power them, require D.C. power supplies. In order to guarantee operations at 200oC, manufacturers look for components rated about 10oC-15C higher or 215oC to provide design margin. When oil exploration tools and equipment operate, the electronics contained therein also experience shock & vibrations. To ensure reliable operation, therefore, design efforts for all electronics subsystems and power supplies should take all these into account.


Abstract Before becoming a science, an art or a form of investment, oil prospecting needed the mental vision of the discoverers of new oil fields in unexplored areas. According to Pratt, the minds of such men made the discovery of new wells possible, mostly in terrains that were not considered favourable such as in Australia. This paper is the initial outcome of an investigation into the first oil explorations in the SW of Australia in the early twentieth century. Following a review of the relevant literature, the paper provides an overview of the early global development of the oil industry, exploring expectations of oil resources in Australia in the context of international oil developments. This provides the background to an analysis of early oil exploration in Western Australia (WA), based on analysis of contemporary geological literature, unpublished government documents and newspaper reports. The result is not the tale of an epic quest for oil in Australia, but rather a story of sceptical scientists, visionary investors and a government that saw oil as an asset that would speed up Australia's transition from a British colony into an independent political and economic power.


This study examined religious pluralism, religious activity, and religious coping with participants consisting of 97 female students from a Southwestern state university. We administered a series of questions concerning attitudes toward religion and God, demographic questions, and the Ways of Religious Coping Scale (WORCS). On the basis of the responses participants gave to the attitudes toward God and religion questions, the researchers divided the participants into an Exclusivist group, a Neutral group, and a Pluralistic group. We found that Exclusivists were more apt to use religion as a coping device and were more actively involved in their religion than were the Pluralists. INTRODUCTION In Western nations religious pluralism increasingly becomes an issue due to the varieties of approaches to religion/non-religion that exists within them. Kosim, Mayer, and Keysar (2001) reported that in the USA the number of people who self-report Christianity as their religion has dropped from 86.2% in 1990 to 76.5% in 2001; other religions have grown from 3.3% to 3.7% over the same period of time. The largest increase has been in those who report no religion or refuse to participate: from 10.5% to 19.5%. With Christians representing over a three-quarters majority (76.5%, see above) some would argue with the notion that the USA is truly pluralistic (e.g., Beaman, 2003). However, the groups that call themselves Christian also vary quite widely. In the data Kosim et al. (2001) reported, Catholic (24.5%) and Baptist (16.3%) made up the largest


The concern about the global climate change and the unstable supply of fossil fuels stimulate the research of the new energy source utilization and the efficient energy system design. As the interests on the future energy sources and renovating the conventional power plants grow, an efficient and widely applicable power conversion system is required to satisfy both requirements. S-CO2 cycle is considered as a promising candidate with the advantages of 1) relatively high efficiency in the modest temperature (450–750°C) region because of non-ideal properties near the critical point, 2) effectively reduced size of the total cycle with compact turbo-machines and heat exchangers, 3) potential for using in various applications with competitive efficiency and simple layout. The S-CO2 cycle was originally considered as an attractive candidate for the power conversion cycle of the next generation nuclear reactors. However, due to many benefits of the S-CO2 cycle, it is recently considered in other conventional and renewable energy system applications including fossil fuel power plant system, ship propulsion application, concentrated solar power system, fuel cell bottoming power cycle and so on. This paper will discuss about the design of S-CO2 cycle for the various energy system applications over different temperature range. Unlike a large size power plant which usually focuses more on maximizing the cycle efficiency, a small capacity energy system is seriously concerned about the total size of the cycle. In this manner, several preliminary S-CO2 cycle designs will be compared in terms of the efficiency and the physical size. Various layouts and components of S-CO2 cycle are compared to find the optimum cycle for each energy systems. The in-house codes developed by the KAIST research team are used to evaluate the various cycle performances and component preliminary designs. The obtained results will be compared to the conventional power conversion systems along with its implication to other existing designs.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Fractals are mathematical sets that can have dimensions that fall between the integers.Fractal patterns with varying degrees of self-similarity have many practical applications and have been rendered or studied in many scientific researches.As a generalization of a fractal system,the multifractal system employs a continuous spectrum of exponents to describe complex phenomena.In recent 30 years,multifarious applications of the mutlifractal theory are found in environmental researches and many achievements have been obtained,such as extracting the lower limit of the environmental geochemical anomaly,describing the spatial distribution patterns of the environmental pollution,recognizing the evolution characteristics of the environment pollution index,tracing pollutants,and so on.Some important multifractal algorithm methods,such as the multifractal spectrum calculation,the concentration-area fractal model,have been introduced.Achievements have proved that the mutifractal theory becomes one of the most important theories in environmental science,and that the mutifractal theory should be further studied and applied by environment researchers.


In order to investigate the nonlinear relations of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals under different brain functional states, higher-order statistics is used to study the nonlinear interrelation of the EEG components for the purpose of further understanding of the EEG generation and its construction. A parametric bispectral estimation for the analysis of EEG signals has been presented as an useful tool for detecting the nonlinearity of EEG signals. The bicoherence pattern is proposed in the paper to extract more. information beyond first and second-order statistics or spectral structure. Several EEG signals with normal subjects in different brain functional states are investigated by employing the non-Gaussian parametric model. The experimental results demonstrate that practical EEG signals provide obvious quadratic nonlinear coupling phenomena. The bicoherence structures of EEG signals is also different from that corresponding to the brain functional states. It is suggest that the bispectral analysis can be used as an effective way for nonlinear analysis and automatic classification of EEG signals and other biomedical measurements.


Due to the differing conditions of families, it is suggested that a variety of services be available in order for parents to choose those that would be most beneficial to the family. The goal of such services would be the development of autonomy and problem solving skills rather than having parents become dependent upon program staff. Services provided to families can be grouped into two general categories: training and support. Various types of parental involvement options are described, implementation suggestions are given, and outcome measures listed.


Sublaminates are often used in design optimization to reduce the complexity of the design task, to simplify modeling, to reduce data input to analytical models, and to provide confidence in failure prediction. Sublaminates selected for design often use fixed ratios of ply orientations that have been previously tested and are well characterized. Because ratios of the ply orientations are fixed, designers approximate the properties of sublaminates using equivalent orthotropic properties. The maximal errors in bending stiffness and buckling loads due to use of equivalent properties are investigated. It is found that repeating half of the sublaminate on either side of the symmetry plane results in larger errors than repeating the entire sublaminate. For the former case, errors of up to about 20% are found even with four sublaminate repetitions, whereas for the latter case, errors were under 6%. Predicted buckling loads exhibit the largest errors when equivalent properties are used for plates with large aspect and load ratios.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the modification of clasp assemblies under horizontal load. The simulated mandibular model with unilateral free end was fabricated for this study. The eleven types of removable partial dentures (RPDs) using different retainers respectively were constructed. These retainers were a cone-telescopic crown, Akers clasp, double Akers clasp, RPI clasp (Kratochvil type) and seven modified clasps made from the first three clasps to which an enlarged bracing arm, a positive rest with hook and a distal rest with a guide plate were added. Horizontal loads were applied, and the stress on abutment teeth and the displacement of denture base were measured.The results were as follows:1. Under horizontal loads, the partial denture retained by cone-telescopic crowns had the least displacement of denture base.2. The RPDs with Akers clasps, double Akers clasps and RPI clasps generated large displacement of the denture base.3. The stress characteristics on abutment teeth and displacement of denture base of the RPDs with modified clasps were similar to those of cone-telescopic crowns with enlarged lingual bracing arms, especially.


This paper aims to study the reliability of electric vehicles with wind turbine, including analysis on its usage and faults possibly occurred, via this approach, the leading causes that induce these faults are identified. On this basis, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is cited to conduct an in-depth study on the reliability of electric vehicles with wind turbine in an attempt to provide an important evidence for future improvement in terms of its operation safety, etc. This study bears out such fruits that the factors affecting its reliability are the power distribution network containing wind power generator, and the output utility of wind turbine has not been fully utilized. There is lack of analysis on the structural characteristics of power distribution networks. It turns out that the PWO algorithm can help quickly grasp the root that affects the reliability of electric vehicles with wind turbine. This study indeed has a high popularization and application value.


We previously introduced a responsive joint attention system that uses multimodal information from users engaged in a spatial reasoning task with a robot and communicates joint attention via the robot's gaze behavior [25]. An initial evaluation of our system with adults showed it to improve users' perceptions of the robot's social presence. To investigate the repeatability of our prior findings across settings and populations, here we conducted two further studies employing the same gaze system with the same robot and task but in different contexts: evaluation of the system with external observers and evaluation with children. The external observer study suggests that third-person perspectives over videos of gaze manipulations can be used either as a manipulation check before committing to costly real-time experiments or to further establish previous findings. However, the replication of our original adults study with children in school did not confirm the effectiveness of our gaze manipulation, suggesting that different interaction contexts can affect the generalizability of results in human-robot interaction gaze studies. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → User studies. ACM Reference Format: André Pereira, Catharine Oertel, Leonor Fermoselle, Joseph Mendelson, and Joakim Gustafson. 2020. Effects of Different Interaction Contexts when Evaluating Gaze Models in HRI. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '20), March 23– 26, 2020, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 9 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3319502.3374810


In this paper, an adaptive Sliding Mode Control (SMC) for indirect field oriented control of three-phase induction motor is proposed. First, a sliding mode controller with integral sliding surface is designed. Then, an adaptive function of sliding gain is introduce to reduce the control effort of the SMC, so that there is no need to calculate the upper bound of the system uncertainties, as in traditional SMC. Finally the smooth function is applied to reduce chattering problem across the sliding surface. The speed control for the induction motor using the proposed control scheme is illustrated and the theoretical analysis for the adaptive SMC are described in detail. The results show that the proposed controller provides high performance characteristics and robust with regard to parameter variation and load disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verifying using MATLAB/SIMULINK.


The application of mixture of gellan gum and gurdlan in process of free-gluten noodles was researched.Adding gellan gum and gurdlan seperately to the flour and search the quality of noodles.The water,salt,gellan gum and gurdlan were taken as experimental factors to evaluate the organoleptic value of noodles with different mixture ratio of gellan gum and gurdlan by L9(34)orthogonal test.The search show that when gellan gum was 0.28 g/100g,gurdlan was 0.13 g/100g,salt was 2.3 g/100g,water was 52 g/100g,the high-quality noodles can be produced.


The Additive Inverse Gaussian Noise Channel can be used as a model for molecular communication between nano devices in a fluid. Recently, new analytical lower and upper bounds on the capacity with average-delay and peak-delay constraints were found. This thesis presents improved analytical upper bounds for low drift velocities and presents a closed-form for the output density of a cut-exponential input distribution. Further, different lower bounds for low drift velocities are analyzed numerically using a mixture of a cut-exponential and two Dirac deltas as input distribution.


pational therapy assistant (COTA), and the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTAl are used eight times and this continues throughout the hook. Over half the hook has no parallel in the British educational system: therefore, I cannot see our students huying this hook when there are others which are more appropriate. Chapters on health service funding, educational practice, and epidemiology are all exclusively American.


The samples of nominal composition Bi/sub 1.6/Pb/sub 0.4/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 3/Cu/sub 4/O/sub 12-x/F/sub x/ consist of /spl alpha/, /spl beta/, /spl gamma/, and /spl delta/-modifications of phase 2234. We observed the superconducting transition in the temperature region 110-132 K for samples with z/spl les/0.25. The possible model of creating superconducting state in Bi/sub 1.6/Pb/sub 0.4/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 3/Cu/sub 4/O/sub 12-x/F/sub x/ samples is proposed. >


The assignment of structure (1) to fusarin C, a mutagen isolated from cultures of Fusarium moniliforme is based on a detailed study of its high-field 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectra and X-ray crystallography of the 8Z isomer of (1) which defined the substitution pattern and relative configuration of the 2-pyrrolidone moiety; nuclear Overhauser enhancement experiments indicate that the 2E,4E,6E,8E,10E polyene chromophore of (1) exists in solution as an equilibrium between two conformers with s-cis and s-trans topology of the C-5–C-6 single bond.


The adsorption of the urea molecule on the external surface of the B12N12 nanocage was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Adsorption of urea on the nanocage releases energies of about --23.70 to --29.50 kcal/mol with a significant NBO charge transfer from the urea to the nanocage. It was also found that the urea molecule can be strongly chemisorbed on the surface of the nanocage with Gibbs free energies of -7.91 to -14.81 kcal/mol. The HOMO--LUMO gap of the nanocage does not change significantly upon urea adsorption, while the Fermi level is dramatically changed from -4.27 eV in the pristine nanocage to upper energies upon urea adsorption. The geometric structure, adsorption energy, solvation effect, charge transfer, and frequency analyses of the urea adsorption on the nanocage models showed that the urea molecule could be firmly adsorbed by the nanocage and the nanocage could be a potential efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of urea.


Considering that the representation of problems is a key step in the design of new technical systems, we propose a model of representation of problems. By integrating the problem solving between the functional modelling and the physical specification of the future system, we present a model enabling to build a bridge between these two domains. We will present in this article the model of representation of problems and the heuristics we use to instantiate this model. The use of one the heuristic will be illustrate by a study case.


Fluorescence spectra and fluorescence quantum yield of Salicylfluorone(SAF)have been studied. Under the condition of pH2.0,SAF has no fluorescence. With the increase of pH value,SAF changes from non-luminous chemical to fluorophore and its fluorescence intensity increases. In the range of pH 6.0-7.0,SAF gives a strong and steady fluorescence with a maximum emission wavelength of 537,nm and excitation wavelength of 507,nm. In alkaline solution,fluorescence intensity of SAF decreases with the increase of pH value,and it has no fluorescence when pH10.0. There is an excellent linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and the concentration of SAF in pH=6.5 buffer solution.The linear range is 2.0×10-7-1.2×10-6 mol/L,and the detection limit is 5.2×10-9 mol/L. In alcoholic solutions,Stokes drift of SAF increases as blue shift occurs on molecular excitation wavelength and red shift occurs on emission wavelength. β-cyclodextrin can be used as an excellent sensitizer because fluorescence intensity of SAF is enhanced enormously by adding β-CD. Rhodamine 6,G was used as a reference,and fluorescence quantum yield of SAF was measured by means of Williams gradient method. At the excitation wavelength 500,nm,the fluorescence quantum yield of SAF is 0.68.


In inspecting steel-rubber multi-layered structure, shieldi ng of steel layer and intense attenuation of rubber layer result in ultrasonic echo from the int erfaces of the deep layers being very weak. In order to overcome the difficulty, the double mode testing method is put forward. This method synthesizes the characteristics of transverse wave an d Lamb wave testing. In the double modetesting transverse wave and Lamb wave will be produced in st eel layer at the same time. The researches in theory and experiment have proved that the method is feasible. According to the double mode testing principle, a C-scan inspection system ha s been developed for the academe. Diagnosing images of the three interfaces and thickness- images of insulation layer and under layer are obtained.


Dynamical mechanisms of atmospheric regime behavior are investigated in the context of a quasigeostrophic three-level T21 model of the wintertime atmospheric circulation over the Northern Hemisphere. The model, driven by realistic orography and using a thermal forcing determined by a newly developed tuning procedure, is shown to possess a reasonable climatology and to simulate the Arctic Oscillation quite realistically. It exhibits pronounced internally generated interannual and decadal variability and, in particular, circulation regimes that agree fairly well with observed ones. Two known hypotheses about the origin of regime behavior, as it occurs in the model herein are addressed: (i) multiple equilibria and (ii) chaotic itinerancy between attractor ruins. The first hypothesis is falsified at very high probability, while the second is likely to be true.


The electronic spectra and (hyper)polarizability of C18-(CO)n (n = 2, 4, and 6) are studied using theoretical calculations to reveal the effect of introducing carbonyl (-CO) groups on the molecular optical properties. Successive introduction of -CO groups is observed to cause a red-shift in the absorption spectrum, but maximum absorption of all molecules is mainly due to the charge redistribution within the C18 moiety. The (hyper)polarizabilities of the cyclocarbon oxides present an ascending trend with the -CO groups in the molecule, and the higher-order response properties are more sensitive. With (hyper)polarizability density analysis and (hyper)polarizability contribution decomposition, the fundamental reasons for the difference of (hyper)polarizability of different molecules are systematically discussed from the perspective of physical and structural origins, respectively. Significant optical resonances under the frequency-dependent fields are found for the (hyper)polarizabilities of the cyclocarbon oxides, which is in contrast to the insignificant influence on their polarizability.


Dissolved amino acids and sugars produced by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard and Euglena gracilis Klebs were assayed using a combination of radiochromatography and membrane separated spinner flasks. Both species produced similar complements of sugars. The sugars produced In the algae included galactose, glucose, maltose and xylose. The amino acid complements produced Were different for each species. C. reinhardtii excreted aspartate, leucine, methionine, phenlyalanine, tyrosine and Valine. E. gracilis excreted alanine, glutamate, proline and serine. Separation of cells from growth media via membrane filtration produced an overestimate of net amount of dissolved carbon compounds excreted by the cells. However, the radiochromatographic spectra for both filtrates and cell‐free compartments of the diffusion flask experiments were identical. It is hypothesized that the process of filtration max enhance leakage of labeled cellular pools rather than cellular disruption in the species investigated.


Measurements of viscosity of small-volume samples are critical in analytical chemistry, hydrodynamics, and micro-electromechanical systems. It is hard for the previous methods to measure the liquid with viscosity large than 150 mPa<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. To enlarge the measurement range, a viscosity measurement method, in which the sample volume is less than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$15~\mu \text{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, was designed in this article. In the proposed method, the measured range is expanded to 750 mPa<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> by the combination of flexible hinge and cantilever. In addition, to reduce the effects of surface tension, a multiposition method is adopted. The calibration results showed that the method performed well, and the uncertainty analysis indicated high accuracy. The effects of vessel width, density, and temperature on the results are also investigated. The relative uncertainty of viscosity was estimated to be 3% indicating the validity of this method.


The effects of light on the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis during development of mung bean seedlings were investigated by monitoring the differential expression of seven 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and two ACC oxidase genes. Among them, only the expression of VR-ACS1, VR-ACS6, VR-ACS7, VRACO1 and VR-ACO2 was observable in etiolated mung bean hypocotyls. When the seedlings were de-etiolated for 1 d under a light/dark cycle of 16 h/8 h, the expression of VR-ACS6, VR-ACS7 and VR-ACO2 was controlled negatively by light. The expression of VR-ACS1 showed a tendency to increase until 6 h after a dark-to-light transition and then decreased at 12 h. On the other hand, the expression of VR-ACO1 was mostly constitutive up to 12 h after the dark-to-light transition. The opening of hypocotyl hooks during de-etiolation in the light was stimulated by the inhibition of the action of endogenous ethylene in the presence of 1-MCP. These results suggest that the negative regulation of light on the expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes eventually results in the inhibition of ethylene production with an acceleration of the opening of apical hooks.


The theory of the swirling airflow processes is studied first, the motion and the force of the abrasive grains in the air field are analyzed, then the formula of the ortho-force of the abrasive grains to the inner surface of the workpiece are derived.The influences of several parameters on the ortho-force are studied as well.


Objective To investigate the effect of leptin (LEP) pretreatment on hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) induced apoptusis in human L02 liver cells. Methods Human L02 liver cells were obtained from pharmacology laboratory, Zhong-Shan University and cultured in DMEM liquid culture medium in an incubator filled with 5% CO_2 at 37℃. The cells were divided into 6 groups ( n = 6 each) : group control (group C) ; grouphypoxia-reoxygenation (group H/R); group Ⅰ-Ⅳ pretreatment with LEP 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/L + H/R. In group H/R and group Ⅰ-Ⅳ L02 cells were exposed to 95% N_2-5% CO_2 for 12 h followed by 12 h reoxygenation. In group Ⅰ-Ⅳ the cells were pretreated with LEP 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/L respectively before H/R. At the end of 12 h of reoxygenation, the cells were centrifuged and the supematant was collected for determination of ALT and AST concentrations. Apoptosis in L02 cells was detected by Hoechst 33342/PI staining. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. Results (1) ALT and AST concentrations were significantly increased after H/R. The increase in ALT and AST concentrations was ameliorated by pretreatment with LEP. (2) The H/R-induced apoptotic changes of the cells were attenuated by pretreatment with LEP. (3) The Bax mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA expression was significantly increased in group H/R as compared with group C. Leptin pretreatmcnt significantly reduced Bax mRNA expression and increased Bcl-2 mRNA expression as compared with group H/R. Conclusion LEP pretreatment can decrease H/R-indtwed apoptosis in the L02 liver cells by down-regulation of Bax mRNA expression and up-regulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression.

Key words:
Leptin;  Apoptosis;  Hepatocytes;  Repedusion injury


Electronic equipment is expected to operate reliably under normal conditions as well as under foreseeable abnormal conditions, particularly in life-critical and environmentally sensitive applications. One foreseeable abnormal condition to which electronic equipment may be subjected at least once during its life-cycle is a fire environment. Such an environment may include the thermal and corrosive effects in the immediate vicinity of the fire and the nonthermal effects associated with smoke contamination, humidity and corrosion in remote locations. Direct thermal effects are generally so severe that reasonable remedial actions may not be feasible. Fortunately, such effects are frequently restricted to a fairly small zone, often through the use of automatic fire detection and suppression systems. On the other hand, the thermal decomposition products of smoke and fire suppression agents resulting from even a small fire may permeate a building and cause nonthermal damage to electronic equipment in locations remote from the actual fire. With ever-increasing reliance being placed on electronic equipment in all types of applications and the consequent increase in value concentrations, nonthermal damage from fires and fire suppression agents is a topic of growing interest. The purpose of this exploratory research is to characterize nonthermal damage mechanisms, consequences, and potential preventive and remedial actions using a physics-of-failure approach.


Treating severe Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in South Africa is more likely to be successful when chemotherapy is used alongside antiretroviral therapy, researchers from the University of KwaZulu-Natal reported recently at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in San Francisco.


We study the blow-up rate of positive radial solutions of a system of two heat equations, (u 1 ) 1 = Δu 1 (u 2 ) 1 = Δu 2 , in the ball B(O,1), with boundary conditions ∂ u1 / ∂ r = (u 1 ) p11 (u 2 ) p12 ∂ u 2 / ∂ r =(u 1 ) p 22(u 2 )P22 Under some natural hypothesis on the matrix P = p (ij) that guarrantee the blow-up of the solution at time T, and some assumptions of the initial data u 0i , we find that if ||x 0 || = 1 then u i (x 0 , t)goestoinfinitylike(T - t) xv2 , where the α i < 0 are the solutions of (P - Id)(α t, α 2 ) t = ( - l , - 1) t . As a corollary of the blow-up rate we obtain the loclaization of the blow-up set at the boundary of the domain.


Concern has arisen in many countries about the potentially massive disruption of electricity supply systems (and other infrastructure) caused by geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) initiated by explosions on the Sun, called coronal mass ejections. Disruptions of GMD origin are part of a group of threats to society called high impact, low frequency events. Scientific research since 1989 has provided substantial insight into the nature, magnitude and probability of such an event. There is general consensus that the impact of an extreme event on electricity networks, arising from the geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) induced by the GMD, would be very severe and possibly catastrophic for modern society in many countries.


Abstract This symposium embraces diversity and discovery to address contextual issues in aging, specifically issues of race and ethnicity in the study of cognitive health and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD). Rooks and colleagues compare dementia risk among African American and White men and women in the context of work using the longitudinal Health, Aging, and Body Composition data. They consider the effects of productive activities on dementia risk in gender stratified models, adjusting for socio-demographic and genetic factors. Siddiq and colleagues consider the contexts of migration. Using a multi-method approach, they establish priorities for interventions addressing ADRD risk among older adult immigrants and refugees from Afghanistan and the Middle-East and North Africa (MENA) in California. Sayed also investigates the context of migration, and uses qualitative data (N=31) to identify the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on cognitive aging in Middle Eastern/Arab Americans immigrants and refugees in Michigan. Finally, Meier and colleagues consider contexts of metal exposure for cognitive decline among Latinos aged 65 and older using the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. In total, this symposium highlights the benefits of reimagining contextual factors that influence ADRD to improve our understanding and the potential to reduce health disparities research in underrepresented racial and ethnic populations.


Backgound: Several experimental studies demonstrate a re-lationship between physical exercise practice and functional recovery after a peripheral nerve lesion. However, studies that relate the metabolic way predominantly used during exercise practice with gains on nerve functional recuperation and the evolution of inflammatory process in lesion mac-roenvironment are scarce. Objective: To investigate the influence of physical exercises, predominantly aerobic and anaerobic, initiated on im-mediate phase after nervous lesion, on functional and morphological recovery of sciatic nerve on rats submitted to ax-onotmesis. The experimental study was effectuated through a left sciatic nerve crush in Wistar rats, using a temporary surgical clip, by the period of three minutes. At first day after lesion, remained for four weeks, anaerobic group swam with crescent overload and aerobic swam in crescent peri-ods, while sedentary group was exempt of any physical exercise practice. Blood lactate concentration was measured at first day of every training week. Functional recovery was evaluated through "Sciatic Static Index" obtained at first, sev-enth, fourteenth, twentieth-first and twentieth-eighth days post-lesion, with morphological study conduced at twen-tieth-eighth days post-lesion. Morphological study was ap-plied at 28 th day after axotmesis and comprised quail-quan-titative analysis of inflammatory findings like hemorrhagic exudate, edema, vascular dilatation, leucocyte infiltrate and vascular neofromation. Results: It was observed a significant difference on blood lactate concentration between aerobic and anaerobic groups to every evaluated moment. "Sciatic Static Index" data showed that at the end of the experiment all three groups presented a significant functional recovery: aerobic group (–59.0 ± 10.6 to –9.7 ± 3.1; p=0.002), anaerobic group (–56.5 ± 10.1 to –8.3 ± 3.5; p=0.001) and control group (–62.6 ± 14.9 to –21.3 ± 8.6; p=0.002). It also demonstrated that at 28 days post-lesion, aerobic and anaerobic groups developed a bet-ter functional recovery than the control group (p=0.04 and p=0.02, respectively). However, no significant difference on functional recovery presented by the aerobic and anaerobic groups was noticed. Conclusion: Proposed physical exercise protocols resulted in benefits to sciatic functional recovery after 28 days of ax-onotmesis. Significant differences between lactate concentration to aerobic and anaerobic groups did not influenced a different functional recovery in all evaluated periods. Physical exercise protocols did not interfered on inflammatory findings on periaxonal tissues observed at 28 th day post-lesion.


Hemoglobin (Hb) is known to stimulate erythropoiesis, a process that may be mediated by CD163. CD163 is a receptor for the hemoglobin-haptoglobin (Hb-Hp) complex expressed on monocyte/macrophages as well as a subpopulation of human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We have demonstrated that administration of ligands to the CD163 receptor can measurably stimulate erythropoiesis in human CD34+ cell-engrafted severe-combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. To better elucidate the role of CD163 in hematopoiesis, we investigated the effects of the natural ligand to CD163 (Hb-Hp) as well as a stimulatory antibody, TBI 304H, on HPCs in vivo. SCID mice engrafted with human CD34+ cells were used as a model system were used to investigate the effect of Hb and anti-CD163 monoclonal antibodies (TBI 304 and TBI 304H) on human hematopoiesis in vivo. In an initial study, NOD-SCID IL2R gammanull (NSG) mice were engrafted with human CD34+ cells and animals with Disclosures Matthews:Therapure Biopharma: Employment. Eberle-Ayres:Therapure Biopharma: Employment. Lu:Therapure Biopharma: Employment. Singh:Therapure Biopharma: Employment. Cutler:Therapure Biopharma: Employment. Bell:Therapure Biopharma: Employment.