We have computed the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient for a suspension of hard spheres. We (cid:12)nd excellent agreement with experimental results over a density range up to, and including, the colloidal crystal. However, we (cid:12)nd that theories derived to second order in the volume fraction overestimate the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient for volume fractions exceeding 25%. To investigate the sensitivity of the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient to the pair distribution function we also consider a perfect FCC crystal with negligible thermal motion. We show that, in line with theoretical predictions, the (cid:12)rst term in the expansion of the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient in powers of the volume fraction becomes quadratic. Relative to the random distribution, the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient in this case is signi(cid:12)cantly larger. By studying the decay of angular velocity (cid:13)uctuations, we examined the time dependence of the rotational di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient. We (cid:12)nd that for rotation the situation is similar to that reported for translation. The suspension behaves like an \e(cid:11)ective (cid:13)uid", i.e. the rotational dynamics of a particle in the suspension can be described by the isolated particle result, but with the suspension viscosity replacing the (cid:13)uid viscosity. As with translation, this picture only holds for times long compared to the time it takes transverse momentum to di(cid:11)use over a distance of the order of a particle radius. c (cid:13) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


: Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) is consider one of important contributor of fruit production in Pakistan however, Production of fruit is low as compare to other parts of country due to different factor like, remoteness, Shortage infrastructure (road), lack of market and traditional practice's etc. Therefore, this study was aimed to develop linkages between CPEC and fruit industry of GB. The study was based on both primary and secondary data as well as quantitative and qualitative data. Primary data was collected from field through face to face interview using well-structured questionnaire and secondary data was collected from different sources i.e. books, articles and journals. Simple Random Sampling Technique was used to collect data from farmers and Shopkeepers and the Snowball sampling technique was used to collect data particularly from middlemen. The data was collected from three type of respondents i.e. farmers, shopkeepers and retailers. The data was collected through well-structured questionnaires including both quantitative and qualitative parts. Data was described with the help of graphs and tables. The data shows that there were strong linkages between CPEC and fruit (Dry and Fresh) industry of GB. The finding of this study revealed that hindrance that expertise. The opinion of respondents regarding does "CPEC will open new opportunities for local people to boost their fruit production and uplift their livelihoods" is very positive as 74% farmers, 85 % shopkeepers and 90% middlemen agreed with the statement. The research also revealed that 90% farmers, 80%, shopkeepers and 86% middlemen were in opinion that CPEC will improve communication and accessibility with other parts of the country while, 87% farmers, 85% shopkeepers and 90% middlemen agreed that it will reduced transportation cost. The study also finds that 75% farmers, 60% shopkeepers and 80% middlemen claimed that after implementation of this project agriculture and life standard of farmers will improve because it helps to improve our fruits production. Moreover, the data shows that average gross production of fresh fruit in Manipin was greater than gross production in Syedabad on the other side. One of the interesting finding of the study is that the Opinion on "Negative Implication of CPEC on GB" Environment i.e. 80% local farmers, 85% Shopkeepers and 90% middlemen claimed that CPEC will further lead climatic changes in GB, 73% farmers, 70% Shopkeepers and 80% middlemen agreed that CPEC will lead land degradation. 75% farmers, 80% Shopkeepers and 50% claimed that after implementation of CPEC local fruit industry will not able compete Chinese exports. due The study also revealed that 79% famers, 80% Shopkeepers and 90% middlemen expected that after implementation of this project accessibility to other part of will improve. The study also finds that 75% farmers, 60%shopkeepers and 80% middlemen claimed that after implementation of this project life standard of farmers will improve. It is also derived that 60% farmers, 65% Shopkeepers and 50% middlemen were claimed that after implementation agricultural sector will boost. This study found that average Gross production of fresh fruit in Manipin was greater than Gross production in Syedabad on the other side Gross production dry fruit in Manipin was less as compare to Gross production of dry fruit in Syedabad.The study also revealed some constraint that local farmers facing during fruit production which decline overall productivity of fruit. 80% farmers claimed that they have no access to market through proper road, 94% farmers claimed that they have no access to cold storage facilities. They study also revealed that 45%local farmer claimed that biggest hindrance in fruit production is lack of transportation while 54% shopkeepers claimed that low price is main hindrance in fruit production. From qualitative data it is concluded that farmers were much excited toward CPEC and claimed that after implementation of this project their fruit production further will be enhance, while some of aware farmers were afraid that CPEC will degrade their natural environment and reduce land utilization will create many problems like climate change and other natural hazard. Some shopkeepers and retailer also claimed after implementation local fruit not compete Chinese


The purpose of the work is to increase the insulation work efficiency by using thermoplastic mixes based on polyethylene terephthalate. The tasks set were solved by a complex method of research, including the analysis and synthesis of the literary and patent sources, as well as conducting the analytical and experimental studies. The experimental data were processed on a PC using the methods of mathematical statistics. A method for insulating the absorbing horizons with thermoplastic materials has been developed and substantiated. To implement it, the following technological operations should be performed: supply of the thermoplastic materials to the borehole bottom, melting and squeezing of thermoplastic materials into absorption channels. For various geological and technical conditions of drilling, technological schemes of insulating the absorbing horizons with thermoplastic materials are proposed. The use of the household waste based on polyethylene terephthalate has been proposed as the plugging material to insulate the absorbing horizons of boreholes. For the first time, the possibility of using the household waste based on polyethylene terephthalate as the plugging thermoplastic material has been substantiated and proved. For the first time, a method for determining the efficient range of technology application for absorbing and unstable horizons insulation with thermoplastic materials through the use of bottom hole thermal sources has been substantiated analytically.


The products derived from thermo-oxidation of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC) and their related degradation pathways are investigated. PC degradation is carried out at 300 °C in air. The oxidized products are analyzed for the first time by using direct electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight MS. Together with the formation of bisphenol A oligomers, several new structures containing biphenyl units, phenols, acetophenones, alcohols, acids, and xanthones molecules are detected. The use of thin films, instead of PC bulk, allows one to obtain precise information about mechanisms involved during thermo-oxidative processes and to establish a new order of priorities among the renowned degradative reactions.


In a 1994 lecture later published in English in 1998 as the book-length Archive Fever, Jacques Derrida spoke of the phenomenon whereby scholars zealously seek an ultimate, all-resolving truth in a consecrated repository. "It is to have a compulsive, repetitive, and nostalgic desire for the archive," Derrida wrote, "an irrepressible desire to return to the origin, a homesickness, a nostalgia for return to the most archaic place of absolute commencement."1 In an argument that draws on psychoanalytic conceptions of origins and their afterlife, the archive, according to Derrida, not only maintains memory but buries it as well. For scholars of Oscar Wilde, that hallowed repository lies in the William Andrews Clark Library, located in Los Angeles, easily reachable by freeway, not far from suburban strip malls, and overseen by UCLA. Although Los Angeles would seem to be an unlikely place for an archive devoted to a nineteenth-century Irish playwright, in some ways the location is ideal for a writer who critics have judged the first modern-day celebrity and whose most renowned work is a novel obsessed with youth, immortality and a life given over to its hero's unfathomable pleasures. The library is named for the founder of the collection, William Andrews Clark, Jr., the early twentieth century collector of Wildeana who snagged materials related to Wilde at a time when the writer's critical reputation was at a nadir. While the Clark archive of Wilde material, known as the "Oscar Wilde and His Circle" collection, undoubtedly represents some kind of Platonic ideal in the scholarly preservation of materials related to the writer, as with the archives of other globe-trotting authors, what might be called the abstraction that is the Wilde Archive is geographically amoeba-like. Partly this is because – as Wilde's grandson Merlin Holland has explained – for some 50 years after his grandfather's death many of those in possession letters and other documents were reluctant to reveal that they had a personal association with a man whose last years were clouded by ignominious scandal. The Wilde Archive, broadly defined, continues to disclose wonders. Two years ago researchers located in the Philadelphia Free Museum a hitherto unknown typescript of "Salome" that may have been used by the actress Sarah Bernhardt for a rehearsal of a notoriously aborted London production of "Salome," a text in which, it seems, Wilde first introduces the "Dance of the Seven Veils." Sometimes archival revelations foment pretty fictions. In September 2014, researchers working on the archives of London's Reading Jail, after examining the history of the prison, captured tabloid headlines in the United Kingdom when


The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a piston for an internal combustion engine. Compartment of the cooling duct (14) and finished the piston having a piston ring groove is first recess, then cooling duct is covered, finally fits the piston ring material is attached. Cooling duct is covered by a long wire material than the length required for a single piston. Apparatus for the manufacture of the piston of the finished internal combustion engine having a first recess section in the piston having a cooling duct (14) and the piston ring groove, the device for attaching the cover to the cooling ducts, and required a single piston having a device for providing a long wire material than the length. Wire piston of an internal combustion engine, the cooling duct (14) has a coating material between the reinforcing material to conform to the piston rings, and a cooling duct and the reinforcing material, the coating material to be continuously unwound from a roll consisting of material.


A fantastic traffic accident is completely analyzed and reconstructed by multipurpose using physical evidence techniques.Searching,collecting and examination of trace evidence on scene are described in detail in this paper.


The manuscript describes the results of an experimental study of the level of PM (particulate matter) emissions arising from the combustion of two selected types of biomass (i.e., rapeseed straw pellets and engine biofuel (biodiesel, FAME)), which were derived from rapeseed. The PM emissions from the combustion of biofuels were compared with those obtained from the combustion of their traditional counterparts (i.e., wood pellets and diesel fuel). Both types of pellets were burned in a 10 kW boiler designed to burn these types of fuels. The engine fuels tested were burned in a John Deere 4045TF285JD engine mounted on a dynamometer bench in an engine dyno, under various speed and load conditions. A Testo 380 analyzer was used to measure the PM emission levels in boiler tests, while an MPM4 particle emission meter was used in the engine tests. The combustion (under rated conditions) of rapeseed straw pellets resulted in a significant increase in PM emissions compared to the combustion of wood pellets. The PM emissions during the combustion of wood pellets were 15.45 mg·kg−1, during the combustion of rapeseed straw pellets, they were 336 mg·kg−1, and the calculated emission factors were 44.5 mg·MJ−1 and 1589 mg·MJ−1, respectively. In the engine tests, however, significantly lower particulate emissions were obtained for the evaluated biofuel compared to its conventional counterpart. The combustion of rapeseed oil methyl esters resulted in a 40–60% reduction in PM content in the exhaust gas on average for the realized engine speeds over the full load range compared to the combustion of diesel fuel.


ost students of Scandinavian mythology have ambitions similar to those of Detter, but after two centuries of research they are so far from the desired solution that walking round the mountain of previous scholarship appears to hold out greater promise than adding another stone to it. John Lindow, the author of the most recent book on Baldr, says the following: "My own interest, at least in the present work, has nothing to do with Germanic culture or Germanic religion . . . but rather with the myth in the forms in which we have it and the meaning it might have borne for those who knew it in those forms" ( 1997, 28). It is not obvious that the most important part of the colossal Baldr wedge is its visible thin edge. Unlike Lindow, I am interested in both the genesis of the myth and its function. All, rather than some, aspects of the Baldr myth are controversial, but I will address only those central to it, whence the title of my paper. Our view of the development of this myth has been seriously obscured by recourse to comparative religion and the ever-growing indifference to internal reconstruction. The broader the background of a myth, the more similarities present themselves, and the path is lost in the wilderness. Frazer's, F. R. Schröder's, and Dumézil's works are especially characteristic in this respect; Kauffmann and Neckel belong to the same group of scholars. One or two examples will suffi ce. The burning of the ring Draupnir on Baldr's funeral pyre has an analog in Ossetian epic poetry ( Dumézil 1964, 67–68). Since this observation leads nowhere, it matters little whether we register it or not. Likewise, F. R. Schröder (1941, 8–11) notes that in Slavic fertility cults a barefooted girl was disguised as Iarilo, an event reminiscent of Skaði's wooing. But does it follow that Skaði, who hoped to marry Baldr but got Njorðr, is a character in a ritual drama on the themes of fertility? Schröder does not say so. What then is the point of his digression? Neckel's comparison of Baldr with Tammuz, Adonis, and Attis is also of limited importance ( 1920). Baldr emerges as part of a sizable group M Es wird hier der versuch gemacht werden, die ursprüngliche gestalt des Baldrmythus durch eine vergleichung seiner verschiedenen fassungen zu reconstruieren. — Ferdinand Detter (1894, 495)


As the world becomes smaller and more uniform, it is important to remember that creativity in science can happen anywhere.


The purposes of this study were to identify how people perceive risk in sports activities, and to identify quantitative judgments of perceived risk, through application of the psychometric paradigm procedure to various sport activities. This study surveyed 297 college students who were enrolled in a Lifetime Activities Program (LAP) of the 297 subjects, 255 samples were deemed usable. The results of the survey indicated the existence of seven risk characteristics, composed of two factors the first factor was labeled as fatality risk, while the second factor was labeled as knowledge risk. Following the psychometric paradigm procedure, ice hockey and football were determined to be highly related in the dimension of fatality risk. Golf, running, and aerobics were highly related in the dimension of knowledge risk.


Fluvial deposited materials can record climatic information and paleohydrological information,because the river is sensitive to climate change.There have been deposited 5.3m fluvial materials along Weihe River during the period of L9.Grain size curve is interpreted that Zhongtan zone bears obviously four transitions between warm-moist and cold-dry, which can correlate with other places in Loess Plateau.The contents of coarse grain size show that Weihe River have been born four big paleofloods events.


According to the one-dimensional and two-dimensional water quality model,the model of water environmental capacity was established.Under the comprehensive analysis of the water quality conditions,pollution sources of the typical watershed in Liaoning province and the characteristics of pollutants,one-dimensional model was selected to calculate the water environmental capacity of the typical watershed.Basis of the river function zoning case,combined the various water quality cross section of the typical watershed and the monitoring data from the hydrological stations,the water environmental capacity was calculated on the main pollutant COD in different guaranteed rate(90%,50%,20%),the water environmental capacity of the river in 50% is 2 520.71 t/d,and base on the results,the measures were put forward to further improve the water environment for the typical watershed.


There is a strong emerging trend within the Information Communication Technology (ICT) sector for replacing traditional packaged desktop applications with Web based, outsourced products and services. The drive for this innovative solution is its contribution to enabling software to be developed, delivered and consumed in discrete chunks (known as services) liberating the users from traditional computing and providing services accessible across a range of devices and appliances. The objective of this paper is to report on the progress towards defining this Web based service, commonly known as 'Cloud computing', for Small to Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in the Irish construction industry. The authors will present the results of a Construction IT Alliance (CITA) Enterprise Innovation Network (EIN) marketplace survey that combined vendor and consumer attitudes. This paper will also act as recommendation for the future development of a re-engineered software solution that will utilise the benefits of Web services in the Irish construction industry. Use of ICT Up-take: identifying the overall business strategy of the respondents and their attitudes towards purchasing software and their use of ICT in the next three years. The purpose behind investigating this strategy was to establish the market requirement for SMEs. Driving forces: the main attributes associated with attracting construction enterprises to use Cloud computing. The ten most standard types of drivers associated with using Cloud were presented in a ten point ranking scale format in the questionnaires. Perceived Barriers to adoption: the industry's most common perceived barriers for rejecting the adoption of a centralized heterogeneous network based on OS principles. The ten listed barriers used in the questionnaires were based on secondary data collected from various national and international publications on this topic. Benefits of Cloud computing: questions relating to opinions targeting the perceived benefits of Cloud computing. This question was presented as a likert scale to measure a range of options from "Strongly agree" to "Strongly disagree" in both questionnaires. The results of the perceived benefits could only assist in judging whether this service would be a success for SMEs in the Irish construction industry.


Helopoulos C. 207 pages. Boston: Jones & Bartlett; 2004. $24.95. ISBN 0763731528. Order phone 800-832-0034. Field of medicine: Informatics. Format: Softcover book with CD-ROM. Audience: Health care professionals. Purpose: To improve information management with the Palm OS (Palm, Milpitas, California). Content: The book reviews Palm applications and techniques. Highlights: This book fills a big void by addressing the medical roles of the personal digital assistant (PDA); however, it also discusses key nonmedical roles. Expert users of PDAs have learned PDA skills slowly, by trial and error and word of mouth. This book will accelerate learning and especially help those considering purchasing a PDA or beginner-to-intermediate Palm users. Limitations: Books written about a quickly developing field contain information that ages. First, hardware evolves: The book does not discuss high-resolution screens that present graphical data (see lower figure on www.annals.org/pda/webclippers.shtml). Second, new classes of software emerge: The book does not discuss webclippers (see www.annals.org/pda/webclippers.shtml#webclippers) and drug interaction checkers (ePocrates [ePocrates, San Mateo, California], Lexi [Lexi-Comp, Hudson, Ohio], and Micromedex [Thomson MICROMEDEX, Greenwood Village, Colorado]). Although the book initially discusses both Palm and Pocket PC (Microsoft, Redmond, Washington), it focuses on the Palm OS. However, it does not note when applications have Pocket PC versions and does not note tips such as MegaLauncher (Megasoft2000, Mylapore, India) and Palm shortcuts. The breadth of addressing all medical applications is a highlight as well as a limitation of the book, because the book does not focus on the internist. The internist has special considerations, such as the choice of operating system. UpToDate (UpToDate, Wellesley, Massachusetts) is only available on Pocket PCs. However, PIER (Physicians' Information and Education Resource) (pier.acponline.org) is on the Pocket PC and will soon be ready for the Palm. Last, the book could be more critical of the software reviewed. For example, some freely available decision aides should have been replaced as subsequent research has modified or superseded them. Also, most drug references are poorly documented, and there is inconsistency among them in identifying drug interactions. Related readings: Johnson and Broida's How to Do Everything with Your Palm Handheld, 4th edition (McGraw-Hill, 2000), offers more detail but does not focus on medicine. Reviewer: Robert Badgett, MD, Associate Editor for Electronic Publication, Annals of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.


We present a Toeplitz approximation to symmetric empirical correlation matrix of asset returns by auto-regressive order one, AR(1), signal source modeling. AR(1) approximation provides an analytical framework where the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors are defined in closed forms. Furthermore, we show discrete cosine transform (DCT) offers comparable performance to Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) for decomposition of empirical correlation matrix of a given portfolio where the first is significantly more efficient to implement. It is concluded that the proposed framework has a potential use for noise filtering and risk management in quantitative finance.


We present a model for quantum‐well lasers which for the first time provides an explanation for the increased damping of the relaxation resonance observed in these lasers. Slow transport of holes between the individual wells is shown to lead to a strongly inhomogeneous carrier distribution and to increased damping as well as to RC‐like contributions to the modulation response. The model quantitatively explains the differences observed between lasers of varying structure and lasers made from different material systems.


This paper is concernedwith a Cauchy-Poisson problem in a weakly stratified ocean of uniform finite depth bounded above by an inertial surface (IS). The inertial surface is composedof a thin but uniform distribution of noninteracting materials. The techniques of Laplace transform in time andeither Green's integral theorem or Fourier transform have been utilizedin the mathematical analysis to obtain the form of the inertial surface in terms of an integral. The asymptotic behaviour of the inertial surface is obtainedfor large time and distance and displayed graphically. The effect of stratification is discussed.


With the wide-angle X-ray densitometer,the infrared spectrometry instrument,the Sigma 700 high-powered surface tension and tangency angle instrument and the thermo gravimetric analyzer,the research compared the different properties between the untreated rice straw and the rice straw treated at the temperatures of 110 degrees centigrade and 160 degrees centigrade,including crystallinity,chemistry composing,soakage and pyrogenation character,to find out the referential foundations for the selection of drying temperature for the production of artificial board.The result showed that after treated at the temperature of 160 degrees centigrade,straw had decreased crystallinity and changed lignin content,which caused the reduced mechanics intension,the change of chemistry composition and worsening of soakage.Therefore,160 degrees centigrade was not the ideal drying temperature of the raw materials.The temperature of 110 degrees centigrade didn' t affect the properties of the rice straw and therefore could be used as the drying temperature of raw materials.


: Three Coffea species (C. arabica cv. Icatu, C. canephora cv. Apoata and C. dewevrei) were tested in order to identify and study the mechanisms of tolerance to low, non-freezing temperatures. Several photosynthesis-related parameters were monitored during a 20-day period of gradual temperature decrease, from 25/20 °C (day/night) down to 15/10 °C, during chilling treatments (15/4 °C), and upon rewarming (25/20 °C). Differences were found among species, both during low temperature exposure and during rewarming. In general, Coffea species showed cold-induced photoinhibition of photosynthesis, which was attributable to biochemical (in vivo ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity and carbohydrate synthesis) and biophysical (antennae functioning, photosystem II efficiency and linear electron transport) inactivation, rather than to stomatal constraints. The moderately low temperature of 15/10 °C was enough to cause a negative impact on net photosynthesis (A), mostly due to low (initial) rubisco activity in all species. However, C. arabica cv. Icatu showed a higher tolerance to chilling and recovered quickly and completely upon rewarming, as assessed from the impacts on the photosynthetic machinery (e.g. Amax, Fo, Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, qP, ϕe, rubisco activity) and on carbohydrate metabolism. Such lesser effects are likely to be related to the strong increases and higher contents of zeaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene that presumably increased the ability to dissipate excitation energy and contributed to protect the photosynthetic apparatus. During cold exposure, a significant reduction of the α/β carotene ratio, which is considered an acclimation feature, was observed solely in C. arabica cv. Icatu. However, C. canephora cv. Apoata and, especially, C. dewevrei showed to be highly cold-sensitive. In these latter species, the photoinhibitory impairments to photosynthesis were stronger, probably due to the lower contents of protecting pigments during chilling conditions that lead to a higher vulnerability to excess excitation energy. Moreover, the mesophyll impairments (e.g. Amax, Fv/Fm, ϕe) became significant even at moderately low temperatures of 15/10 °C, and a lower ability to recover after chilling exposure was observed. The limitation of in vivo rubisco activity and Amax may have been due to substrate limitation, but disturbances in sugar metabolism could also play an important role in the expression of chilling sensitivity in C. canephora cv. Apoata and C. dewevrei.


This study aims to create a vision system for vehicles that would prevent frontal collisions. The system is more of an aid to the driver, giving notifications whenever there is a possibility of collision. With the use of a camera, this system is able to get series of images that would undergo processes of detection and distance calculations. And by utilizing OpenCV, detection of vehicles through Haar and distance measurement by perspective warping have been possible. Critical distances relative to the current speed of the system's vehicle is the point of comparison that would result to proper notification of Green LED, Red Led or Red LED + buzzer. The On-board Diagnostic 2 terminal of newer vehicles enables input of speed to the system. And overall, the processes happen in an embedded system (Blackfin ADSP 537) that allows stand- alone operation, thus creating a system that works while on the road.


1 Churchland PS. Neurophilosophy. Cambridge, Massachu 1986. 2 Marcel AJ, Bisiach E, eds. Consciousness in contemporar Oxford Science Publications, 1988. 3 Dennett DC. Consciousness explained. London: Allen Lane 4 McGinn C. The problem of consciousness. Oxford: Blackwe] 5 Edelman G. Bright air, brilliantfire. London: Penguin Boc 6 Milner AD, Rugg MD, eds. The neuropsychology of consc Academic Press, 1992. 7 Searle JR. The rediscovery of the mind. Cambridge, MA: The 8 Zeki S. A vision of the brain. Oxford: Blackwell Scieni 1993. 9 Nagel T, ed. Experimental and theoretical studies of consciot Wiley, 1993. 10 Crick F. The astonishing hypothesis. London: Simon and S 11 Picton TW, Stuss DT. Neurobiology of conscious expe Neurobiol 1994;4:256-65. 12 Goguen JA, Forman RKC. Editors' introduction. Journ Studies 1994;1:4-9. study of con13 Metzinger T, ed. Conscious experience. Lawrence: Imprint Academic, 1995.


Трансформация; цифровая экономика; цифровизация; индекс человеческого капитала; матрица сценариев; треки; человеческий капитал; трудовые ресурсы; цифровая революция; гиг-экономика; автоматизация; компоненты человеческого капитала.Близкий Роман Сергеевич
 The article considers the process of transformation of human capital in the context of a historical change in technological patterns, focuses on the development of the gig economy, and notes the dynamics of the reduction in the number of labor resources used in the world. The process of digital transformation is updated, which entails changes and re-evaluation of quality parameters, including requirements for the development of human capital, jobs, forms of employment, and education. The content analysis of the human capital index is carried out, and a conceptual model of the interdependence of its tracks and gross domestic product per employee is constructed.


A new microtiter-plate dilution method was applied during the expedition ANTARKTIS-XI/2 with RV Polarstern to determine the distribution of copiotrophic and oligotrophic bacteria in the water columns at polar fronts. Twofold serial dilutions were performed with an eight-channel Electrapette in 96-wells plates by mixing 150 μl of seawater with 150 μl of copiotrophic or oligotrophic Trypticase-Broth, three times per well. After incubation of about 6 months at 2°C, turbidities were measured with an eight-channel photometer at 405 nm and combinations of positive test results for three consecutive dilutions chosen and compared with a Most Probable Number table, calculated for 8 replicates and twofold serial dilutions. Densities of 12 to 661 cells/ml for copiotrophs, and 1 to 39 cells/ml for oligotrophs were found. Colony Forming Units on copiotrophic Trypticase-Agar were between 6 and 847/ml, which is in the same range as determined with the MPN method.


A wide range of indole-2-carboxamides is obtained under relatively mild reaction conditions and with broad functional group tolerance using the pyrimidyl group in the substrates as easily installable and removable directing group.


To provide a process for a lithium-containing composite oxide for a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which has a large volume capacity density and high safety, and is excellent in the charge and discharge cyclic durability and low temperature characteristics. A process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, alkaline earth metal elements and transition metal elements other than N, 0.9@email@example.com, 0.95@firstname.lastname@example.com, 0<firstname.lastname@example.com, 1.9@email@example.com and 0@firstname.lastname@example.com), which comprises firing a mixture of a lithium source, an N element source, an M element source and if necessary, a fluorine source, characterized in that an aqueous solution having an M element source dissolved therein is mixed with an N element source powder or its pulverized product to form a slurry; if necessary after being pulverized, the slurry is dried for granulation to obtain a granulated product, which is mixed with a lithium source powder and if necessary, a fluorine source powder to obtain a mixture; and the mixture is fired at from 700 to 1,100° C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.


Purpose: A significant number of newborns are affected by life-limiting or life-threatening conditions, many due to congenital malformations and extreme prematurity. Despite advances in the medical care of these critically ill newborns, a number of these infants ultimately do not survive. Providing comfort as well as end-of-life care is essential in the care of these infants. Currently, there are no neonatal palliative care guidelines within our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A multidisciplinary neonatal palliative care committee was established to assess the need for neonatal palliative …


The problem of water and land pollution in the coastal area of the river Bor, downstream from the Bor flotation tailings, dates back to 70-year of the last century. The paper provides an attempt to restore this degraded area by flotation tailings using method of setting the neutralization layer of wasted lime –filler height 0.1 m between layers of flotation tailings and newly drifted 0.5 m height mold layer on top. The newly formed recultivated area can be used for food production, whether it is used for human consumption or food for domestic animals. The model of restoration comprehends agro-technical, technical and biological recultivation. This process is given in detail for the experimental area in Bor River riverside (Serbia) and it includes construction of access roads, protective dykes, protective embankment towards river, smoothing surfaces and filling in a layer of lime filler minimum height of 0.1 m (buffer zone) and filling the mold soil in layer of 0.5 m height. The developed model of restoration now awaits funds for its application on the experimental site.


The scales of smart living are needed from small to large size applications. As the scale of the space increases, we can expect that the requirements for the two features zero-configuration and secure data communication channels are getting more important. The feature of zero-configuration reduces the cost to setup the network and secure data communication channels guarantee both the privacy and confidentiality of possible sensitive data transmitted in the network. In this paper, we integrated two technologies, UPnP and secure group communication techniques, to construct an almost zero-configuration secure environment for smart living spaces. A secure and flexible communication environment is constructed as follows. An UPnP controller is implemented to manage devices in the same administrative domain and hence these devices can be treated as members in the same communication group. Using generalized ring signature algorithm key can be managed for building both point-to-point and broadcast secure channels over the UPnP network.


In the light of the problems existing in the publishing service currently, this paper puts forward some corresponding measures adopted in the acquisitioning work of university library, which include purifying the book market, establishing the multi-level checking system for the book acquisitioning, strengthening the collecting and understanding of the information of the book publishing, and setting up the perfect acquisitioning database, and practicing the public bidding system for the book acquisitioning, etc.


The article analyzes the renewable energy resources in the USA including Pennsylvania. Contributions of the most important renewable technologies in energy production are described: solar power, wind energy, hydroelectric, nuclear, and geothermal. The contribution of other resources such as hydrogen and fuel cells, bio-energy resources due to their negligible level of impact is not addressed. Some aspects of political considerations affecting policies and regulations related to energy production in the USA and beyond are also addressed. Academia's response to new demands for graduates in alternative and renewable energies with an example of academic engineering degree program is included. Paper type: Research Paper Published online: 31 December 2016 Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 523–535 DOI: 10.21008/j.2083-4950.2016.6.6.4 ISSN 2083-4942 (Print) ISSN 2083-4950 (Online) © 2016 Poznan University of Technology. All rights reserved.


- The genetic algorithm (GA) sometimes fails to achieve an optimum solution since it faces with the problems such as premature convergence and falling into a local optimum. The main reason is that it usually produces the new population through recombining only the promising individuals, and this causes the diversity of population to reduce quickly. To avoid this problem, in this paper, we propose an improved GA (also called ImpGA) in which the unpromising individuals along with the promising ones are participated in the production of the new generation. In addition to selection, ImpGA modifies two main operators of GA, i.e. crossover and mutation. To verify and compare the effectiveness of ImpGA and five other optimization algorithms, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), Equilibrium Optimizer (EO), and Black Widow Optimization Algorithm (BWO), they are applied to solve 26 unimodal, multimodal, and composition test functions. Experimental results confirm the higher effectiveness of ImpGA compared to the others in terms of obtaining an optimum solution and faster convergence speed.


A precise positioning table equipped with a pair of electrostrictive actuators and hinged levers has been manufactured. A good displacement-vs-applied-voltage relationship has been achieved with an 18-µm stroke and small hysteresis. An autofocusing system of an optical microscope utilizing the table has been assembled. The system has high precision (0.035 µm) of repeated positioning and can focus a microscope with ×100 magnification of the objective lens.


The authors describe dynamic MRI and clinical data after non-invasive treatment of tremor in the upper extremity. Thalamotomy by high-intensity focused ultrasound under MR-guided navigation was performed. A 57-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease underwent treatment with focused ultrasound. MRI of the brain was performed 1 and 48 hours, 47 days, 3 and 6 months later. Features of natural course of focal brain changes after treatment, data of MR tractography necessary for correction of target zone are described. The authors conclude that MR changes are characterized by presence of a focus in the area of focused exposure. Peak severity is observed on the second day after procedure with subsequent regression. MR-based analysis of predictors is promising to forecast treatment outcomes.


Polysulfide (PS) solubility is a key property of Li-S battery electrolytes for the conversion reaction(s) at the electrolyte-electrode interface. When PSs shuttle between the composite C/S cathode and the lithium metal anode, however, this leads to a continuous loss of active material and thus rapid capacity fading. In order to restrict the shuttle effect, fluorinated ethers have recently been proposed as a remedy; by only sparsely dissolving PSs they physically block the diffusion. We show here how the diffusion of PSs in fluorinated ethers, as monitored by operando Raman spectroscopy, is selective and that only short-chain PS (S42-) are soluble and diffuse. This fundamental observation can be used to further leverage the practical performance of Li-S batteries by novel electrolyte design.


Harnessing the laws of Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Computers can potentially outstrip the performance of classical computers. The ion trap is a promising scheme for quantum computation. Ions are trapped via a combination of static and oscillating electric fields and each quantum bit is stored in the hyperfine level of an atomic ion. However, due to the extremely delicate nature of quantum computing, severe technical problems have limited the demonstrations of quantum computation protocols to only a few qubits(<10). This thesis documents major steps made towards scaling the ion trap quantum computer to a large number of qubits. Laser cooled atomic ions are stored shuttled and swapped in a 2-dimensional, 11-zone ion trap array. The trap consists of two linear rf-trap sections joined together in a T-shaped geometry. Of particular interest, single ions were shuttled around a 90◦ corner using control voltage sequences accounting for the complicated electric potential in the junction region. This thesis also details general design strategies which were used to create the non-trivial control voltage sequences used to execute the shuttling protocols.


This paper uses time series econometric methods to unravel the causes of the secular decline in the labour force participation rate of males aged 65 years and over. The study finds that most of the sharp and sudden decline in the participation rate during 1972-1976 is attributable equally to more generous age pension benefits and to life cycle wealth effects, with minor support from the discouraged worker effect associated with the current recession. The continuing decline over the 1976-1981 period is mainly due to wealth effects, with minor reinforcement from discouraged worker effects, and the failure to index the 'free area' means test limit of the age pension.


The article is about the metallic microparticles being the main air pollutants of modern cities. The work demonstrates microparticles of the metals found in the samples taken from the fresh snow and dry-air suspended matters taken in different areas in the cities of the Far East of Russia (Vladivistok, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Birobidzhan, Ussuriysk, Nakhodka and Belogorsk). In native samples with the help of scanning electronic microscopy nanoand microparticles of Fe, Pb, Ba, Zn, Cr, Ti, Zr, Cu, Bi, W, Mn, Sr, Co, Ni, Mo, Ag, Au, Pd, Pt and other metals were found and identified in reflected electrons. It was found out that particles of Fe, Pb and of precious metals (Au, Pd, Pt) being the part of catalysts were typical for the samples taken near transportation junctions. The most widespread particles (Fe, Pb, Ba, Zn) make up 70-80% from the found ones.


We solved the problem of developing the means of automation of mechanotronical systems by means of constructing limiting devices based on the combination of integral arithmetic adders.


This study aimed to examine plant growth of tomato grafted onto different eggplant rootstocks. We applied a randomized block design comprising twelve treatments with three replicates. Three varieties of tomato—Cervo, Karina, and Timoty—and three rootstocks—Gelatik, EG203 line, and Solanum torvum—were selected for this study. Nongrafted tomato plants of the same varieties were used as controls. The variables recorded were the number of branches, the diameter of scions and rootstocks, root length, and root dry weight at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting (WAT) and relative growth rate, specific leaf area, and net assimilation rate at 4, 8, and 12 WAT. Grafted tomato plants demonstrated better growth than controls. There was a significant relationship between yield, plant growth parameters, and photosynthetic organs, expressed by higher production, greater scion diameter, longer roots, and increased relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, and net assimilation rate of grafted plants, compared to the controls.


This paper aims to expose about the empowerment of village community to improve well-being. Community empowerment is an activity that the culprit is a group or community, who do social activities for making changes that the output is in the form of a change towards better or can be called with the agents of development. Empowerment of village community is no stranger anymore, Government programs aimed at empowering communities now no visible or famous arguably average less successful and not populist. The purpose of the existence of community empowerment in particular village community is to improve the standard of living, especially economic development. When the villagers welfare increases then the development education will increase the level of health, When education is already good then it can effect both on the development of human resources and human resources is important in the development of assets in addition to the resources of the Fund as well as infrastructure.The development of various aspects of running smoothly, then they would've success building and it is the starting point for the achievement of well-being. Village community is the most important target object or in terms of the empowerment of the villages, because the starting point of the development of the State is in the village.


Some things happen by chance. Chance has diverse interpretations, but probability theory is relevant if there is some regularity of events. Probability also has limitations, especially when considering very rare events that we can only vaguely imagine. There are endless unknown possibilities, and the totality of rare events is massive. Hence it is hard to estimate probabilities of events that are individually rare but collectively not so rare. The rareness illusion is the impression of rareness arising from ignorance of the unknown. The rareness illusion results from our inability to assess probabilities of rare events. Non-probabilistic Knightian uncertainty extends our understanding of the unknown, and Shackle–Popper indeterminism provides a logical foundation. We illustrate these ideas by discussing the vagueness of human language, the impossibility of one unified theory of uncertainty, and the paradox that science is possible because science could someday come to an end.


In this work, we consider the long-time asymptotics of the modified Landau-Lifshitz equation with nonzero boundary conditions (NZBCs) at infinity. The critical technique is the deformations of the corresponding matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem via the nonlinear steepest descent method, as well as we employ the $g$-function mechanism to eliminate the exponential growths of the jump matrices. The results indicate that the solution of the modified Landau-Lifshitz equation with nonzero boundary conditions admits two different asymptotic behavior corresponding to two types of regions in the $xt$-plane. They are called the plane wave region with $x (\beta+4\sqrt{2}q_{0})t$, and the modulated elliptic wave region with $(\beta-4\sqrt{2}q_{0})t


By reducing the difference between the voltage applied to the reference voltage circuit, the reference voltage circuit is provided to reduce a difference between each output voltage. 2 are connected to the respective depletion-mode MOS transistors (3, 6) in series with the drain of the depletion type MOS transistor (1, 4) of two ED-type reference voltage circuit. The gate of said depletion type MOS transistor (3,6) connected in series is connected to the source of each other. Thus, the difference between the voltages applied to the respective ED type reference voltage circuit is reduced, the smaller the difference between the respective output voltages.


A field experiment was conducted at Vegetable Experimental area, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2012-2013. Different vegetative, reproductive and biochemical components of cauliflower cultivar, Shumaila were studied. The vegetative components studied are Plant Height, Number of Leaves per plant, Leaf Area, Number of days to Curd formation and reproductive components are Curd area, Curd weight, Foliage fresh weight and Foliage dry weight. In this experiment the following treatments T0 (Control), T1 (Nitrogen) 50Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 30 days after sowing, T2 (Nitrogen) 50Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 60 days after sowing, T3 (Nitrogen) 50Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 90 days after sowing, T4 (Nitrogen) 100Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 30 days after sowing, T5 (Nitrogen) 100Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 60 days after sowing, T6 (Nitrogen) 100Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 90 days after sowing, T7 (Nitrogen) 150Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 30 days after sowing,T8 (Nitrogen) 150Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 60 days after sowing, T9 (Nitrogen) 150Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 90 days after sowing were observed. The biochemical components studied are chlorophyll contents, Vitamin C (mg/100ml). Treatment T9 (Nitrogen 150Kg ha -1 + hand weeding 90 days after sowing) gave best results in all vegetative, reproductive and biochemical components and T0 (Control) gave poor results in all traits.


The Yuan Empire,in China-proper,published Shou-shi-li calendar(The Seasons-Granting Calendar) which was a traditional Chinese calendar.It even published Mongolian version of Shou-shi-li calendar which was used in official documents and local contracts.In the Mongol-Yuan era,the Tibetan writings of Phags-pa and other Preceptors used Tibetan calendar while they used the Shou-shi-li calendar in official orders.However,the Shou-shi-li calendar was not popular in Tibet.This article would investigate why the advanced Chinese calendar could not replace the Tibetan calendar.


Small and Medium Enterprises have been receiving impetus in the development strategy of the Government of India. The Nehruvian Philosophy of industrialization has given importance and realized the importance of small and medium enterprises for the national development. The under developed and developing countries are generally dominated by agrarian economy and characterized by underemployment and rising unemployment1. The industrialization in these economies is expected to serve dual purpose of creating avenues for the absorption of excess labour and diversification of occupation. SMEs must extend the necessary support and compliment the beneficial effects of Industrialization. The aim of this research is to study the growth of small-scale industries in India since 1999 and assess the prospects and problems of SMEs in Twin cities Telangana.  The sources of data are primary as well as secondary. The data collected from the proprietors of SSI survey constitute primary and information gathered through books, journals, magazines, reports, dailies consists of secondary data. The data collected from both the sources are scrutinized, edited and tabulated. The data are analysed using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) computer packages. The research ascertained that problems and prospects of SMEs lean upon the motivation and opportunities. Industrial sector in India stretches from the highly organized sector compromising of large and medium and some modern small scale industries to some unorganized sector consisting of traditional industries like village and small industries. While the performance traditional segment of village small industries has been unsatisfactory in terms of production and productivity. Its modern segment is gaining importance because it serves as the training ground for entrepreneurs.


The NASA Ultra Long Duration Balloon Vehicle is a new challenge in balloon design. The program requires a balloon capable of flying for up to 100 days, with a minimum float altitude of 33.5 km, and carrying a 1,600 kg payload. The proposed design is a pumpkin balloon. The pumpkin balloon requires longitudinal tendons that carry both the pressure load and payload weight. The balloon shell material is required to only carry a minimal pressure load. The pumpkin design has been attempted previously, but failed to achieve its potential due to unavailability of strong, stiff, light weight tendons. The design and fabrication approach is presented. The schedule and proposed test flights are presented. Specific trades showing the design space are presented. The trades concentrate onmaterial area1 density, tendon denier, balloon volume, and altitude. Descriptions of balloon performance control via autonomous overpressure control and auto-ballast control are given. UV exposure of the balloon and parachute materials are addressed along with proposed testing methods. UV protection system of the recovery system using a sleeve is also presented.


Introduction: A rapidly progressive destructive lesion characterizes pubic osteolysis (PO) in the pubic bone due to an inadequate fracture healing response. It may be seen in pelvic insufficiency fractures (IF) secondary to radiation therapy (RT) of pelvic malignancies, occurring even in the absence of significant trauma. Such a radiological picture may distract the clinician towards a malignant etiology and may affect the management. Case Report: A 79- year- old female, known case of carcinoma of the urinary bladder, underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) (CECT) of the abdomen and pelvis as a routine follow- up and was found to have an osteolytic lesion in the right pubic bone, suggesting a malignant pathology. CT- guided biopsy did not reveal any malignant or infective etiology. The patient showed recovery with conservative management. Conclusion: Osteolytic lesions of the pubic bone can often occur following radiation for pelvic malignancies. It occurs due to impaired fracture reparative response by a bone afflicted by radiation therapy RT. It can be managed effectively with conservative analgesics, bisphosphonates, calcium, and Vitamin D supplementation. The radiographic picture can imitate malignant or infective lesions and provoke invasive testing for confirmation. The clinicians need to be conscious of this clinical entity to initiate proper treatment and avoid unnecessary investigations.


This project is about the detection of lung cancer by training a model of deep neural networks using histopathological lung cancer tissue images. Deferent models have been proposed for detecting lung cancer cells automatically involving Inception V3, Random Forest, and convolutional neural network (CNN). The deep convolutional neural network has been trained to extract important features that facilitate build detection and diagnosis of lung cancer cells more efficiently and accurately. The proposed method in this project has accomplished promising and satisfactory results in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, and specificity measure in lung cancer detection. Furthermore, it has been applied on dataset which contains 178,000 photos. The accuracy values that are obtained are accuracy 97.09%, precision 96.89%, recall 97.31%, F-score measure 97.09%, and specificity measure 96.88%.


Cellular polymer films are suitable for electret and piezoelectric applications. Considerable attention is currently focused on thermoplastic polymer foams such as isotactic polypropylene (i-PP). The cellular morphology leads to barrier effects effectively improving the charge storage stability. However, the application of neat cellular polypropylene electrets is limited due to their relatively low working temperature. Therefore, new research activities are mainly focused on processing of cellular high temperature polymers such as polyetherimide (PEI). A promising approach is a physical batch foaming process using carbon dioxide as a blowing agent, which allows the manufacturing of thin cellular films. The control of the cellular morphology plays an important role with respect to the charge storage behavior and is influenced by the processing parameters such as blowing agent concentration or foaming temperature. Investigations of the cellular morphologies are achieved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electret properties are characterised by potential decay measurements at 90/spl deg/C after corona charging to surface potentials of about 400 V. In general, such cellular films show improved charge storage behavior in comparison to the compact materials.


The article is focused on the motif of a journey in the works of a modern Indian poet, Kunwar Narain, a representative of New Hindi poetry. This motif of a journey is extremely important in Indology studies. Starting with the Indian epic poems "Mahabharata" and "Ramayana", the motif of pilgrimage has been one of the significant plot lines. During the Medieval period, the motif of a journey became an allegory of individuality cognition. In modern Hindi literature writers introduce innovation in the image of travel, remaining within the established Indian tradition. The research in this article is based on the bilingual collection of poems by Kunwar Narain "No other world". The article argues that a journey becomes the leitmotif in the poet's lyrics. As a result, the Indian poet writes a kind of a travel literature, which is based on the image of the way with two semantic motives: a journey as a hero's movement in space and a hero's search for his essence, including a peculiar path as an allegory of his spiritual formation. The article focuses on the compositional distribution of poems in the "Journey" section of the book. This distribution expresses the movement of the author's thoughts. The analysis of the literary techniques, symbolic images and allusions was conducted in the frames of not only Indian literature, but also American poet Walt Whitman's creations, which had a great influence on Kunwar Narain's lyrics. Literary influences are identified that contributed to the formation of the Indian poet's worldview.


Simple Summary Mycoplasma ovis (formerly Eperythrozoon ovis) inhabits red blood cells and may cause their destruction, leading to anaemia, jaundice and death mainly in lambs, and condemnation of jaundiced carcases at abattoirs. Mycoplasmosis is spread during high-risk procedures that expose or share blood, especially when blood sucking flies and other insects are present on wounds that transfer infection. High-risk procedures include vaccination (re-use of needles), ear-tagging (ineffective disinfection), surgical castration and mulesing (in Australia), and potentially crutching and shearing, with outbreaks usually occurring up to 6 weeks later. Affected animals are weak, lagging in the 'tail of the mob' and collapsing when mustered. The investigation of other causes of anaemia and jaundice is required, particularly haemonchosis (Barbers pole worms) and malnutrition. The diagnosis involves the demonstration of M. ovis in blood smears and/or by PCR, although the absence of the parasite in smears from affected animals requires the examination of in-contact healthy animals. Treatment with antibiotics is ineffective. For its control, it is required that risky procedures are avoided during high insect activity and the yarding of stock within the next 6 weeks is minimised. Recent anecdotal observations suggest that improved farm practices, including fly control and pain/antiseptic wound dressing may potentially decrease M. ovis risk on some farms in some areas of Australia. Abstract Mycoplasma ovis (formerly Eperythrozoon ovis) is a haemotropic parasitic bacterium found within erythrocytes and distributed widely in global sheep and goat production regions. M. ovis is transmitted by biting flies and by contaminated instruments, causing morbidity and mortalities from anaemia, usually within 6 weeks following blood-exposure procedures, particularly vaccination, castration, ear tagging, mulesing, and occasionally crutching and shearing. Affected animals develop haemolytic anaemia and may have jaundice, causing abattoir condemnations. The typical history, clinical and pathological findings, display of M. ovis in blood smears and/or by PCR is diagnostic, although immune responses deplete M. ovis from smears; hence, in-contact healthy animals should be examined. Differential diagnoses include haemonchosis, fasciolosis, malnutrition (copper or vitamin B12 deficiency), and plant toxicities. M. ovis parasitaemia may persist, with recrudescence following stressful events, although most older sheep remain immune. Human infections have been reported. Inadequate socioeconomic data present difficulties in assessing the impact of M. ovis on production and as antimicrobial therapy is ineffective, its control requires management practices that minimize the impact of invasive procedures in periods when risks of M. ovis transmission are more likely. Although considered an emerging pathogen, recent improvements in welfare attitudes and husbandry practices on Australian sheep farms may potentially limit the transmission of M. ovis.


The standard null model of panmixia used to test for population subdivision is based on a set of assumptions that can be violated given recent events likely to result in non-equilibrial genetic composition coupled with the complex life histories of many species. Bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) represent such a species. Bowhead whales also have a well-documented history of severe commercial harvest in the recent past which would be expected to leave a population out of genetic equilibrium. They also have a very long life span, overlapping generations, and age and sex-structured migrations. In addition, samples come from whales killed in a hunt known to be non-random with respect to size at different whaling villages. Sampling of such a population could lead to erroneous conclusions regarding population structure, which could have real consequences for aboriginal whaling. To better interpret the results of standard population genetic analyses, an individual-based model of bowhead whale population dynamics and genetics was created using the R package rmetasim. The model re-created as closely as possible all aspects of the demography, genetics, and whaling history of bowhead whales. Simulated datasets were generated by sampling from the simulated population in a way that matched the age, sex and geographic distribution of empirically collected samples. The empirical bowhead datasets were compared to null distributions generated from the simulated datasets for a variety of genetic analyses. The analysis indicates that the empirical genetic data sampled from the Bering-ChukchiBeaufort (BCB) stock of bowhead whales are more consistent with the model of a population with the same whaling history and demographic composition as BCB whales than they are with a single, randomly-mating population in genetic equilibrium under a standard Wright-Fisher model. Additionally, it was demonstrated that by failing to account for the unique features of the population dynamics of the species, standard tests of genetic differentiation based on panmixia may produce misleading results. The approach outlined will likely prove useful for evaluating population structure in other species likely to be out of equilibrium.


The protein toxin alpha-hemolysin form nanometer scale channels across lipid membranes. Our lab uses a single channel in an artificial lipid bilayer in a patch clamp device to capture and examine individual DNA molecules. This nanopore detector used with a support vector machine (SVM) can analyze DNA hairpin molecules on the millisecond time scale. We distinguish duplex stem length, base pair mismatches, loop length, and single base pair differences. The residual current fluxes also reveal structural molecular dynamics elements. DNA end-fraying (terminal base pair dissociation) can be observed as near full blockades, or spikes, in current. This technique can be used to investigate other biological processes dependent on DNA end-fraying, such as the processing of HIV DNA by HIV integrase.


Cloze tests have been the focus of considerable interest in recent years as easily constructed and scored measures of integrative proficiency. Although there has been debate as to whether all forms produced by the cloze procedure are equally reliable and valid, as well as controversy over what is actually measured, the balance of evidence favors a positive view of the cloze test as an effective testing instrument. These implications are especially significant in the EFL situation in which many English teachers are nonnative speakers who want to include an integrative measure of EFL proficiency within the English portion of their college entrance examinations. The study reported here presents the necessary steps in the development of a reliable and valid cloze test and uses the form produced to measure EFL proficiency in two groups of Japanese college students, English majors and nonmajors. Cloze test performance is correlated with essay scores and TOEFL scores to determine whether the cloze test can function as an alternative measure of integrative language ability. Issues regarding construct and predictive validity are addressed, and it is suggested that well-designed cloze tests are capable of assessing language skills ranging from basic to advanced. Use of cloze tests in their fixed-ratio deletion, exact-word scored format is recommended, with certain limiting considerations, as a substitute for essay tests on English proficiency examinations.


The article is a review of Joan McGregor's book on rape, Is It Rape? On Acquaintance Rape and Taking Women's Consent Seriously. Topics addressed include: the legal definition of "rape"; rape understood as use of force to obtain sexual acts or understood as sex acts that lack consent; variability in legal definitions of rape according to jurisdiction (in the United States).


The corrected text should be: "Under those assumptions, in the Netherlands mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 9.8 deaths (95% CI [0, 30]), mass vaccination with Lister to 55.1 deaths (95% CI [7, 182]), and mass vaccination with Bern would lead to 303.5 deaths (95% CI [19, 1093]). In Germany mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 46.2 deaths (95% CI [6, 142]), mass vaccination with Lister would lead to 268.5 deaths (95% CI [39, 875]), and mass vaccination with Bern would lead to 1,381 deaths (95% CI [94, 4909])."


This article examines the issue of prices from a sociological standpoint. We show that, contrary to popular belief, price setting is always the result of social practices. We identify two main perspectives in the relevant literature. The first deals with the central notion of quality: price setting is a matter of judgement, arbitration and equipment. The second focuses on measurement practices, such as valuation and pricing, which occur before or during the transaction. These two complementary perspectives reveal a variety of processes that both determine prices and can be used to construct a typology based on two criteria: the moment of price setting, and the level of competition. Four different types of pricing mechanisms are distinguished: self-regulated, administered, composed, and bargained. We use examples to describe these different pricing types, and to show how such an approach contributes to our understanding of the economy.


A heavily infested block of yews 30—40 cm wide, growing in well-drained old Lake Erie sandy soil was chosen for evaluating insecticides for efficacy against black vine weevil larvae infesting field plants. Wettable powder and liquid formulations were applied with a watering can, using 1.9 liters of finished material/microplot (61 × 305 cm) containing at least 3 taxus plants. Granular products were applied salt-shaker fashion from modified, plastic-capped glass vials and then watered in with 1.9 liters of water/microplot. The entire treatment area was cultivated immediately prior to and following application. One group of microplots was treated 28 Aug 1984, another 25 Sep 1984, and a third group on both dates. On 28 Aug conditions were cloudy (light rain), 21°C, without breeze; on 25 Sep the sky was cloudy (light rain), 21°C, with a 3-8 km/h breeze. Each treatment was replicated 3 times on each application date. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated in April and May 1985 by counting the number of living larvae within 20- × 20- × 20-cm root balls of 3 plants from the middle of each microplot. Root balls were placed over large plastic trays with shallow sides and shaken vigorously until all soil was dislodged.


Tests of passively sensitized guinea pigs, by perfusion methods, show that the cellular reactions of lungs passively sensitized with homologous serum are apparently identical with those of actively sensitized lungs. It is therefore not necessary to assume the local formation of antibodies in order to account for the active sensitization of pulmonary tissues.


Abstract The n th eigenvalue μ of the equation y ″+( μ + λr ( x ))  y =0, a ⩽ x ⩽ b , subject to self-adjoint boundary conditions admits a power series expansion into powers of λ for sufficiently small | λ |. It is proved that the convergence radii of these series grow like n 2 as n tends to infinity provided r ( x ) is analytic on [ a ,  b ]. Applications to the Airy and Mathieu equation are given.


The US National Park System is significantly different – in scope, number of units, size and complexity – than in the 1960s when the Leopold Report. Scientific understanding of natural and cultural resources has expanded dramatically. Developments since the 1960s include increasing biodiversity loss, habitat fragmentation, land use change, groundwater depletion, invasive species, rapid and sometimes unplanned development, growing air, noise, and light pollution and the impacts of climate change. The cultural values and interests held by the American people have also broadened, generating pressing demands for parks to reflect diversity and relevance for new generations. Fifty years on, the National Parks Service and its National Park System Advisory Board have revisited the Leopold Report. The new report, Revisiting Leopold, published here, focuses on the natural and cultural resource management of the National Park System and answers three questions: 1) What should be the goals of resource management in the National Park System?; 2) What policies for resource management are necessary to achieve these goals?; 3) What actions are required to implement these policies?


We have investigated flexible composite materials of test objects (mires) intended for setting the aviation optical equipment for remote sensing of the Earth. The brightness fields and control images of the mire contrasting elements are obtained by the method of ink-jet printing on banner fabric. We have proposed a new layered structure of the material for the operating contrast control. We have established quantitative patterns of changes in the optical characteristics of test objects when using an outer layer made of a transparent polymer film, which makes it possible to vary the characteristics of test objects for adjusting thermal imaging devices and aviation optical equipment using low-cost polygraphic methods.


We use optical pump Thz probe spectroscopy to access the microscopic mobilities and fast charge carrier dynamics processes in polycrystalline chalcopyrite and kesterite thin films grown by coevaporation. In order to avoid complicating effects from the presence of Ga-gradients, ternary CuInSe2 samples were used as a model system. Significantly different DC mobilities were found for stoichiometric and Cu-poor samples, respectively. While the stoichiometric samples exhibit Drude-like free carrier mobilities with DC mobilities up to 1200cm2/Vs at room temperature, the Cu-poor samples show non-Drude behavior, with much lower DC mobilities, indicative of carrier localization. Kesterite materials are found to show even stronger signatures of carrier localization than the chalcopyrites.


Host selection behaviour enables parasitoids to distinguish between suitable and unsuitable host species when encountered in a mixture. Previously observed variation among different geographic strains of the parasitoid Asobara tabida raised the question about how genetic variation is maintained for this character. Host selection behaviour of naive parasitoid females has a regular pattern; components of this pattern showed significantly high heritability estimates. The results provide evidence that not only host selection behaviour, but also the quickness of changing this behaviour is determined strongly by heritable factors.


There are four seasons in a year.Which is my favourite one?Of course winter!Why?Let me fell you. Winter is the season of festivals.The New Year's Day,Christmas Day and the most important festival in a year for Chinese:Spring


The trend toward low-cost, lightweight, and flexible RFID tags capable of sensing is growing. This work proposes a printed paper-based RFID tag for wireless humidity sensing. The proposed RFID tag, which does not require an integrated chip, is a parallel inductive-capacitive (LC) resonator whose interdigitated capacitor is coated with Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Variation in the quality factor and resonant frequency of the tag in response to change of humidity can be remotely tracked with an interrogator coil inductively coupled to the RFID tag. To make the whole tag easy to print on a low cost flexible paper based substrate, a new configuration for the spiral inductor coil is proposed. It is experimentally shown that a change in relative humidity from 86% to 91 % results in a shift of notch frequency and an increase in magnitude at notch frequency of the reflection coefficient of the interrogator by 6 kHz and 0.07 dB, respectively. Finally, the long-term stability of the printed RFID tag in measuring humidity is demonstrated.


Palynological residues from surface sediments in the Banda Sea (Indonesia) are characterised by the presence of chitinous palynomorph types that can be correlated with exoskeletons of crustaceans, notably calanoid copepods. A series of 27 palynomorph types are described and informally categorised. Also the quantitatively prominent transparent palynodebris and its diffuse degradation products are derived from crustaceans. Selective preservation of the chitinous remains is considered to be related to the effects of high plankton production and high sedimentation rate.


Dorsal root ganglion stimulation is a meanwhile established but rather new technique of neuromodulation to treat chronic pain states of different origin. While being primarily used in the lumbar region, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation also can be used in the upper thoracic and cervical region with slight alterations of the surgical approach. This offers new therapeutic options especially in the treatment of neuropathic pain states of the upper extremities. Data on surgical technique, outcome and complications rates of DRG in this region are limited.


Background Studies have identified progranulin (PGRN) as a proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory protein. Data from other several inflammatory diseases suggest the role of this adipokine in psoriatic pathophysiology. Objective The aim was to investigate serum levels of PGRN in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy controls, and to consider their relation to disease duration, disease severity, and obesity markers. Patients and methods Serum PGRN concentrations were measured in 37 patients with active plaque-type psoriasis and 25 healthy controls by using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Patients with psoriasis showed higher levels of serum PGRN compared with healthy controls (P<0.033). Concentrations of serum PGRN showed significant positive correlation with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score, BMI, and waist circumference (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum PGRN could be a useful biomarker of psoriasis severity and could be a potential target for new therapies for psoriasis.


Fledgling family historians are being offered a final chance to take part in the current series of family history training days. These last sessions, ...


The article describes the development of a new design technology for power engine structures (PES) hulls of increased reliability, based on the methods of system analysis using computer modeling of damage accumulation in structural elements, as well as the development of technical solutions for creating the PES hull design using new heat-resistant composite carbon-carbon and carbon-ceramic materials. To calculate the accumulation of damage, the chemical criteria of durable strength is used, for numerical calculation of the stress-strain state of structures taking into account creep, an iterative method for solving a three-dimensional problem of thermomechanics using the finite element method is applied. An example of the calculation of a high-pressure structural element, performed in the work, showed the possibility of practical implementation of the proposed technique and its effectiveness, in terms of reducing or replacing experimental studies to substantiate the reliability of structures.


Based on the theory of classical half-wavelength reactance-coupled filter, a 220GHz bandpass filter based on rectangular waveguide resonator is designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the center frequency of the filter is 220GHz, the relative bandwidth is 5.5%, and the insertion loss is better than 0.041dB and the return loss is better than 20dB in the passband range of 214GHz to 226GHz.


A content providing device (200), a liquid crystal display apparatus (20) and a display system. The content providing device (200), as a peripheral of the liquid crystal display apparatus (20), is connected to the liquid crystal display apparatus (20) so as to provide a video signal, required for the display, for the liquid crystal display apparatus (20), and to supply power to the liquid crystal display apparatus (20); and a power supply circuit is not provided in the liquid crystal display apparatus (20). By means of the above method, an internal structure of a liquid crystal display apparatus (20) can be simplified, which helps light and thin development of the liquid crystal display apparatus (20).


Between 2013 and 2019, we examined the body composition and lifestyle of 18–24 years old female students (n: 273) by random sampling at the Konstantin Philosopher University in Nitra and at the János Selye University in Komarno. The physical condition, body composition, fitness index, degree of obesity, area of visceral obesity, abdominal obesity were estimated by InBody 720 body composition analyser. We collected data on students' eating habits, alcohol, drug and smoking consuming habits, and daily fluid intake, self-reported health status and physical self-concept by using questionnaires.
Based on the body mass index, 72% of the examined students had normal nutritional status, 4% were undernourished, 12% were overweight and 5% were obese. It is an interesting data that students' subjective perceptions of their own nutritional status differed from the measured values, as 44% of them considered themselves overweight or obese. One-third of people having normal nutritional status considered themselves overweight or obese, 70% of those who were actually overweight considered themselves overweight, nearly 30% considered obese and half of those who were truly abnormally obese considered themselves only slightly overweight, and the other half estimated their nutritional status realistically. 22% of students admitted to dieting mainly (81%) to reduce their weight. 65% of dieters had normal nutritional status, 32% are overweight or obese and 3% were undernourished. In terms of body fat percentage, 42% of examined participants were in the normal category, 42% were overweight, 12% were obese and 5% were too lean. In terms of visceral fat 72% of students were in the normal category, 13% were in high and 14% were in critical category for health risk. The distribution of students' fitness index indicated that their physical activity was insufficient, 46% of them did not reach the average (normal) fitness value. The research results revealed that one-third of students should move toward a healthier, more conscious, more active lifestyle.


Systemic  disease  often  results  in  corneal signs that are easily observable by means of bio-microscopy. Optometry is in a unique position to detect the corneal manifestations of systemic disease. This review presents corneal signs of various systemic diseases. The list is not com-plete but the review rather attempts to empha-size the importance of detection, and referral, of systemic diseases.


The discovery of the trilingual inscription from Letoon by H. Metzger, 1973, has made a new epoch in the long history of the study of the Lycian language. This paper aims to clarify the main characteristics of Lycian and its position among the Anatolian languages chiefly through a syntactic analysis of the Lycian text. Lycian shares with the other Anatolian languages such features as paratactic constructions and the use of sentence introductory particles but shows, on the other hand, a striking contrast with them in word order and the use of preposition: it is the only VOS and prepositional language among the Indo-European Anatolian languages. This syntactic type of Lycian seems to correlate with its case system, which is characterized by the loss of morphological distinctions of many case endings through phonetic changes and thus is functionally the least effective among the Anatolian case systems. This fact well agrees with the general constatation that in the Indo-European history of syntactic development the languages with the VO word order tend to weaken or lose their case systems whereas those with the OV word order usually keep or strengthen them. With regard to the case endings themselves, especially in plural, however, Lycian shows a quite archaic and conservative character compared with the other Luwian languages, which radically restructured their systems by creating new endings on the basis of acc. pl. -nz. Hence we can infer that Lycian separated very early from the other south Anatolian languages and went its own way in the peculiar development toward VOS order. The writer also suggests that this development was probably caused by the influence from an unknown substratum language which seems also to have exerted a similar influence upon the Greek language.


The soil seed bank(0~15cm) of weed in a long-term fertilizer experiment was surveyed. Its density and species composition were analyzed by PCA and CCA, and the responses of the soil seed bank to different fertilization patterns were explored. The results showed that the weed in soybean growing season was the main contributor for the soil seed bank of this experimental field. The density of soil seed bank in plots applied N were bigger than that in plots without N. Fertilization significantly reduced the number of weed species, especially the increase of the available P. The results of PCA showed that soil available P was the most influential factor compared to N and K. Soil alkali-hydro N and available K partially showed effect on the weed species composition. The results of CCA showed that weed grew at different fertilization treatments and showed different response to fertilization patterns. Our preliminary results revealed that the mechanism of adaptation and competition might lead to different responses of weed soil seed bank in different fertilization patterns. The same weed seed's density in different fertilization patterns were differed obviously which significantly affected the density and species composition of the soil seed bank. Weed community ultimately forming which was combined by various species can use the environmental resources furthest.


Human rights — Right to life — Article 2 of European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Substantive obligation — Procedural obligation — Alleged unlawful killing by State agents — Use of force falling within ambit of Article 2 of Convention — Whether use of force pursuing one of purposes set out in Article 2(2) — Whether absolutely necessary for that purpose — Key factual issues to be determined — Role of European Court of Human Rights — Whether effective investigation into circumstances of death — Whether respondent State failing to comply with procedural obligation imposed by Article 2 — Whether respondent State violating Article 2 of Convention Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Article 2 — Use of lethal force by State agents in Northern Ireland — Whether use of force absolutely necessary for one of Article 2(2) purposes — Key factual issues to be determined — Role of European Court of Human Rights — Role of domestic civil courts — Ability of domestic courts to establish facts and determine whether death lawful — Procedures for investigating — Whether disclosing shortcomings — Whether domestic remedies exhausted — Civil proceedings — Examination of facts, determination of liability and awarding of compensation — Whether civil proceedings providing redress State responsibility — State agents using lethal force in Northern Ireland — Whether State responsible for death of Mr McKerr — Use of force falling within ambit of Article 2 of European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Whether use of force pursuing one of purposes set out in Article 2(2) — Whether absolutely necessary for that purpose — Key factual issues to be determined — Role of European Court of Human Rights — Obligations of State under Article 2 — Awarding of damages alone insufficient — Whether respondent State failing to comply with procedural obligation under Article 2 of Convention Terrorism — Anti-terrorism operations — Alleged unlawful killing by State agents — Whether shoot-to-kill policy operating in Northern Ireland in 1980s — Whether killing or arresting of terrorist suspects — Whether Royal Ulster Constabulary police officers acting on honest belief of being at risk from men at time of killing — Key factual issues to be determined — Role of European Court of Human Rights — Role of domestic civil courts — Whether effective investigation into circumstances of death — 96Whether respondent State failing to comply with procedural obligation imposed by Article 2 of Convention — Whether respondent State violating Article 2 of Convention Human rights — Discrimination — Use of lethal force by State agents — Majority of those killed belonging to Catholic or nationalist community — General policy having disproportionately prejudicial effects on particular group — Whether having to be aimed at that group — Whether discriminatory practice being disclosed by statistics alone — Whether evidence before Court to suggest killings involving unlawful or excessive use of force by security forces — Whether respondent State violating Article 14 of Convention Human rights — Remedies — Whether applicant having effective remedy in respect of complaint — Cases involving use of lethal force or suspicious death — Requirement of payment of compensation if appropriate — Whether appropriate — Whether thorough and effective investigation capable of leading to identification and punishment of those responsible — Whether effective access for complainant to investigation procedure — Whether domestic remedies exhausted — Whether civil proceedings providing redress — Whether respondent State violating Article 13 of Convention Damages — Compensation — Non-pecuniary damages — Whether award appropriate — Whether finding as to lawfulness or proportionality of use of force — Whether national authorities fulfilling obligation to carry out prompt and effective investigation into circumstances of death — Whether compensation of finding of violation of Convention sufficient — Whether applicant entitled to damages in respect of unlawful deprivation of life of his father


Abstract There is an emerging consensus that international intervention can secure peace by helping combatants resolve commitment problems following civil wars. But how do interveners accomplish this? Some suggest that intervention primarily works through military coercion, while others propose non-military instruments. We build on the existing literature to theorize that interveners commonly condition political, economic, and legal incentives on compliance with peace processes. Despite a rich literature on intervention, scholars have only started to test the underlying instruments. This article takes a critical step toward this end, examining peacekeeping missions led by the United Nations from 1989 to 2012. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we show military coercion is neither commonly used nor necessary to ensure peace. Missions that employ conditional incentives—on which we collect original data—are consistently correlated with a reduced risk of conflict recurrence, even when controlling for observed selection effects, and regardless of whether they are also authorized to use military coercion.


In socioeconomic areas, the "glocal" model, which mediates the characteristics of globalization with those of the more entrenched localization, seems to flourish. Glocalization is a social and economic phenomenon, and has intuitive implications also on the environment. Therefore, it causes sustainability issues. As it is governed by its own principles, it modifies traditional business management systems. When can a business be defined glocal? What are the characteristics of its management? What are the features of his promotional communication? How does its social, environmental, and financial reporting change? Must the many stakeholders always be spectators of a communication imposed by property and regulations, or can they become "prosumers" in the financial statement? These initial reflections will require subsequent empirical verifications.


Attenuation properties of three treated fan inlets were evaluated in the NASA-Lewis Anechoic Wind Tunnel using a subsonic tip speed, 50.8 cm-diameter fan. Tunnel flow simulated the inflow clean-up effect on source noise observed in flight and allowed observation of the blade passage frequency tone cut-off phenomenon. Acoustic data consisted of isolated inlet noise measured in the far field at two positions and with traverses at four frequencies. Averaged attenuation properties showed relative agreement of the inlets with their design intent; however, tunnel flow significantly affected the attenuation spectra. With no tunnel flow the strong blade passage tone was more highly attenuated than the adjacent broadband noise. With tunnel flow, when cut-off was observed, the attenuation at the tone frequency was comparable to that for broadband noise. Tunnel flow increased by several dB the maximum attenuation occurring at midfrequencies of the attenuation spectra. The combined effect of tunnel flow on attenuation and source noise resulted in suppressed fan noise levels throughout the spectra. Tunnel flow caused some substantial directivity variations that are interpreted as acoustic mode changes, with tunnel flow generally reducing the proportion of modes near cut-off.


Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-Commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the Sage and Open Access pages (https:// us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Copyright © The Author(s) 2023 1ICMR-Centre for Ageing and Mental Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Climate Change, Disasters, and Mental Health of Adolescents in India


Mutual fund investors have the arduous task of disentangling luck from ability of mutual fund managers' performance. In this paper we investigate the role of mutual fund corporate governance (measured by Morningstar Stewardship grade) in mutual fund performance. We propose an objective data-driven corporate governance score based on principal components of Morningstar Stewardship Grades. Furthermore, we establish corporate governance scores have Granger Causality on long-term risk-adjusted returns. The findings suggest that corporate governance grades of mutual funds carry information content beyond the usual star rating measures for predicting long-term mutual fund performance and provide an effective tool for selecting funds. JEL Codes: G24, G34, G11


Value prediction is a relatively new technique to increase the Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP) in future microprocessors. An important problem when designing a value predictor is efficiency, an accurate predictor requires huge prediction tables. This is especially the case for the finite context method (FCM) predictor the most accurate one. In this paper, we show that the prediction accuracy of the FCM can be greatly improved by making the FCM predict studies instead of values. This new predictor is called the differential finite context method (DFCM) predictor. The DFCM predictor outperforms a similar FCM predictor by as much as 33%, depending on the prediction table size. If we take the additional storage into account, the difference is still 15% for realistic predictor sizes. We use several metrics to show that the key to this success is reduced aliasing in the level-2 table. We also show that the DFCM is superior to hybrid predictors based on FCM and stride predictors, since its prediction accuracy is higher than that of a hybrid one using a perfect meta-predictor.


Fibrillin‐1 mutations cause pathological changes in connective tissue that constitute the complex phenotype of Marfan syndrome. In this study, we used fibrillin‐1 hypomorphic and haploinsufficient mice (Fbn1mgr/mgR and Fbn1+/− mice, respectively) to investigate the impact of fibrillin‐1 deficiency alone or in combination with regular physical activity on tendon tissue morphology and mechanical properties. Morphological and biomechanical analyses revealed that Fbn1mgr/mgR but not Fbn1+/− mice displayed smaller tendons with physical properties that were unremarkable when normalized to tendon size. Fbn1mgR/mgR mice (n = 43) Fbn1+/−mice (n = 27) and wild‐type mice (WT, n = 25) were randomly assigned to either control cage conditions (n = 54) or to a running on a running wheel for 4 weeks (n = 41). Both fibrillin‐1‐deficient mice ran voluntarily on the running wheel in a manner similar to WT mice (3–4 km/24 h). Regular exercise did not mitigate aneurysm progression in Fbn1mgR/mgR mice (P < 0.05) as evidenced by unmodified median survival. In spite of the smaller size, tendons of fibrillin‐1‐deficient mice subjected to regular exercise showed no evidence of overt histopathological changes or tissue overload. We therefore concluded that lack of optimal fibrillin‐1 synthesis leads to a down regulation of integrated tendon formation, rather than to a loss of tendon quality, which also implies that fibrillin‐1 deficiency in combination with exercise is not a suitable animal model for studying the development of tendon overuse (tendinopathy).


This thesis aim is to test the world of compliance ideal type, which concerns the Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states of the European Union. The ideal type theory categorizes the CEE as fast and adequate in transposing legal acts though particularly bad in practical implementation.
The thesis has a theory testing aproach and with hope of developing the existing model. In order to pull out the test I have done a case study on Poland through different reports and studies and their process patterns concerning implementation process ad outcome for the purpose of evaluating the ideal type. Poland was in the same country cluster, the world of dead letters but not researched and their characteristics as a large and more powerful state compared to other CEE countries make them a good subject. Findings of the Polish accession through earlier studies and my additional post-accession gives a picture of a country with a not yet political stability. Considering the ideal type, it serves as a filter but could as well be used to analyse the implementation.


Over the last 10 years the supported data rates of high performance coherent ASICs have increased by more than 10 x. We review the evolution and main building blocks of those ASICs and compare different options to optimize performance.


Methods for cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) micropropagation have been refined in Cuba; however, few surveys have been carried out on characterization. A set of plants from 'Senorita', 'CEMSA 74-725' and 'CMC-76' clones was characterized. These plants were propagated by traditional methods (cuttings), organogenesis and starting from somatic embryos, so as, to study the genetic stability of the material through morphoagronomic descriptors taking into consideration in vitro culture techniques. 44 descriptors were evaluated and nine quantitative and eight qualitative variables were determined as the most important. Differences (between and within clones) were only detected for quantitative variables: width and length of leaf lobules, length of leaf stalk, total height and height of the first branch, stem number, number of marketable roots per plant, weight of commercial roots and stem thickness. These results obtained in this crop for the first time in Cuba are of great importance for a better knowledge of studied clones and constitute a base for further analysis to validate implemented in vitro culture methods. Key words: morphoagronomic descriptors, genetic stability, cassava, organogenesis, embryogenesis