A multiscale analysis of out of plane loaded masonry wall is here proposed. This analysis has been developed both in linear elasticity and for the determination of the ultimate strength domain. The term masonry wall has been used with reference to a periodic composite brickwork-like panel. Two textures (stack bond and running bond) are taken into account. In the case of elastic blocks connected by elastic interfaces (i.e. mortar thin joints), an asymptotic model has been performed to obtain an identification of the 3D solid with a 2D Love-Kirchhoff plate model. Furthermore in the case of infinitely rigid blocks connected by elastic interfaces, also the shear effects have been taken into account leading to the identification of a Reissner-Mindlin homogenized plate model. The bending constants of both Love-Kirchhoff and Reissner-Mindlin models are the same, while the shear constants of the Reissner-Mindlin model are identified using a simple procedure of compatible identification between a 3D discrete model and a 2D one.The multiscale approach is also used for the determination of the ultimate strength domain of a periodic brickwork made of 3D rigid and infinitely resistant blocks and mortar joints modeled as no tension Mohr-Coulomb interfaces. The panel is modeled as a homogeneous Love-Kirchhoff plate. A kinematic approach has been performed in the case of stack bond masonry. Hence, both a projection of the homogenized strength domain, when the moment M 12 is zero, and the bounds on the extreme values of M 12 have been analytically obtained.


In this paper we present some analyses of the strength of the afro-colombian social movement and its political agenda which focus is to defend so called self-education. We also discuss the promotion of their historical and cultural references aiming to redefine historically established relationships as hierarchical. The criticism of the policy models of "inclusion" presented in several forums organized in Colombia and the surrounding area, and the participation of activists to ensure strategic actions, guided our analyzes. These are presented in discussions with key authors like Catherine Walsh (2003, 2007, 2008), Fanny Milena Quinones (2010), Santiago Arboleda (2002), and Santiago Castro-Gomez (2009, 2010). We emphasize that it is imperative to admit the relevance of the current studies on new perspectives.


invites readers to look forward and imagine ways of dismantling white supremacy in the profession. It challenges the current practices in libraries and proposes new approaches. The conclusion section of the book continues in the same vein of providing imaginative dimensions, insisting on two core ideas that a Critical Race Theory of LIS must involve—a commitment to justice-focused efforts and a centering of the experiences and knowledge of BIPOC as valued and essential (p. 320). The perception that BIPOC knowledge has never been considered valid knowledge has been presented and reflected on throughout the book. More importantly, the editors and contributors have made great efforts to remedy the problem with one of the major critical race methodologies—counterstorytelling. Counterstorytelling is a practical tool to challenge the dominant white stories with direct real stories or fictional narratives that are rooted in BIPOC realities and reflect their experience and knowledge. The editors and contributors have demonstrated an effective application of this method with vivid personal counternarratives and case studies, as well as a fictional tale at the end. Therefore, the volume is much more than an abstract framework of concepts and methodologies. The quality of the individual contributions is very high. Each essay brings up important aspects of white supremacy and racism in LIS. On the whole, the choice of topics is well balanced and organized. In my opinion, the editors and authors achieved their goal to expose, confront, and challenge systems of oppression in the LIS field and provide strategies to resist and dismantle them. I would recommend the book to anyone working in libraries and archives or related areas who is interested in examining the ways that white supremacy manifests in collections, services, or libraries and archives as workplaces.


Comparative the Abstract The researches were conducted during the period 2016 - 2018 under field conditions in a collection vineyard at the Institute of Agriculture - Kyustendil. The object of the survey were the newly introduced from China table grapevine cultivars with interspecific origin - Kyoho, Shzn nong jin huanghou, Bixiang Wuhe, Wuhzhanxiang mi, as well as cultivar Garant, established in the Institute of Viticulture and Enology - Pleven. It was found that all investigated cultivars have less susceptibility to mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ) compared to the standard Super early Bolgar, which is from the group of Vitis vinifera L. The highest resistance to the pathogen in all studied years had the cultivar Garant, which also has interspecific origin. The cultivars Wuhzhanxiang mi, Kyoho and Shzn nong jin huanghou also have a low rate of attack. The vines of these cultivars quickly form necrotic spots on the leaves, limiting the spread of the pathogen in the tissues. The higher resistance to downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ) of the introduced cultivars compared to the control is genetically determined and is due to their interspecific origin.


Although it is clear that dopamine (DA) can affect PRL and GH release at the level ofthe hypothalamus and median eminence⁄pituitary gland, the relative importance of the site of control remains unclear. Consequently, we differentially altered central or peripheral DA levelsby administering L-dopa (250 mg) orally to six healthy male volunteers after pretreatment with theperipheral decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa (central action), iv DA (4 µg⁄kg-min,peripheral action),and L-dopa (500 mg orally, both central and peripheral actions). The changes inGHand PRL observed were correlated with the concentrations of L-dopa and DA measured by the radioenzymatic technique. Peak L-dopa and DA levels were 1.2 ± 0.3 jug⁄ml and 8.4 ± 1.9 ng⁄ml after L-dopa and 2.5 ± 0.6 jug⁄ml and 1.7 ± 0.5 ng⁄ml, respectively, when half the L-dopa dose was combined with carbidopa. While DA and L-dopa concentrations were significantly correlated after L-dopa (r = 0.9), this relationship was abolished by carbidopa.Peak GH levels were comp...


We studied the mechanism of the photoluminescence (PL) enhancement and quenching of single CdSe∕ZnS nanocrystals on rough Au surfaces. Single nanocrystal spectroscopy revealed that the PL enhancement depends strongly on the excitation wavelength and liner-polarization angle due to the localized plasmon excitation and is also sensitive to the nanocrystal size. The polarization- and size-dependent PL enhancement and quenching are determined by the balance between the resonant energy transfer from the nanocrystal to the Au surface and the electric field enhancement.


We use generating functional methods to solve the so-called inner product versions of the minority game (MG), with fake and/or real market histories, by generalizing the theory developed recently for look-up table MGs with real histories. The phase diagrams of the look-up table and inner product MG versions are generally found to be identical, with the exception of inner product MGs where histories are sampled linearly, which are found to be structurally critical. However, we encounter interesting differences both in the theory (where the role of the history frequency distribution in look-up table MGs is taken over by the eigenvalue spectrum of a history covariance matrix in inner product MGs) and in the static and dynamic phenomenology of the models. Our theoretical predictions are supported by numerical simulations.


Objective:  Endometriosis due to ectopic endometrial tissue that responds to hormonal stimulation and is extremely rare in a surgical scar appearing in 0.1% of women who have undergone Caesarean section. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be a valuable diagnostic aid in the evaluation of these subcutaneous abdominal masses.


Osteoporosis affects millions globally and current anti-catabolic treatments are limited by significant side-effects. Osteoporosis arises when skeletal stem cells (SSC) no longer sufficiently replenish osteoblasts, leading to net bone loss. A key regulator of SSC behaviour is physical loading, yet the mechanisms by which SSCs sense and respond to changes in their mechanical environment are virtually unknown. Primary cilia are nearly ubiquitous 'antennae-like' cellular organelles that have very recently emerged as extracellular chemo/mechano-sensors and thus, are strong candidates to play an important role in regulating SSC responses in bone. This paper will demonstrate that the SSC primary cilium plays an important role in loading-induced bone formation via initial chemosensation and transduction of the potent chemokine TGFβ1 regulating SSC recruitment to the bone surface and secondly it will be shown that the primary cilium is a cAMP responsive mechanosensor directly regulating SSC mechanotransduction vi...


The influence of the sintering conditions on the electrochemical properties of the proton conducting electrolyte BaCe0.85Y0.15O3-δ (BCY15) and Ni based BCY15 cermet anode for application in high temperature proton conducting fuel cell are investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that at lower sintering temperatures due to the formation of parasitic Y2O3 phase an increase of both the electrolyte and electrode resistances is observed. This effect is strongly reduced by enhancement of the sintering temperature. The obtained BCY15 conductivity (σ = 2.5x10 -2 S/cm at 700 o C) is comparable with that of the best proton conducting materials, while the BCY15-Ni cermet (with ASR = 2.5 Ωcm 2 at 700 o C) needs further optimization. The results of impedance investigations of BCY15 as proton conducting electrolyte and cermet anode have been applied in development of innovative high temperature dual membrane fuel cell.


Through analyzing the 1998 world women volleyball championship, 1999 world cup, and 1999~2000 domestic league match, the author studies the main factors that affect the relation of first round attack and counter attack. The result shows that service, first pass, defense, different styles and mental quality of players are the most important factors affecting the first round attack and counter attack under new rule. Comparing with the world famous teams, back attack of Chinese women team has significantly difference.


The authors report a case of a isolated giant umbilical cord cyst in an healthy newborn, which was not identified in prenatal ultrasound.


In this article, we investigate the sufficient conditions on weighted Nakano sequence space to be premodular Banach (sss). We examine some topological and geometrical structures of the multiplication operators defined on weighted Nakano prequasi-normed (sss).


Demolishing a nuclear facility is not only a technical challenge but also implies demanding measures of planning and project control, especially cost control. Major reasons and the requirements they entail are covered in the article. The most important controlled variables are deadlines, manpower, equipment, and cost. For a project to succeed, planning therefore must closely interact with execution. They must incorporate both work flow and database functions. NIS Ingenieure developed the CORA&CALCOM project planning and control of the decommissioning and disposal of nuclear facilities


Phototherapy with low intensity laser irradiation has shown to be effective in promoting the proliferation of different cells. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the potential effect of laser phototherapy (660 nm) on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) proliferation.


In recent years, with the sharp rise in the number of vehicles in China, traffic congestion is becoming increasingly serious, affecting the rapid passage of ambulances. In addition, it is common that vehicles are generally parked indiscriminately in some old communities, which also hinders ambulances into residential areas and reduces rescue efficiency. Apart from external factors, the root cause is that existing ambulances are too large to easily pass narrow roads. Besides, there are problems such as frequent empty runs and serious homogenization in traditional ambulances. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the design of traditional large ambulances. First, the user needs of different users for ambulances were determined through questionnaires and user interviews; then, the need judgment matrix of ambulances was constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process to rank user needs by weight, so as to determine the direction for new type ambulance design. Through quality function deployment, the user's demands were transformed into the technical demands of ambulances, and the conflicts were found. Meanwhile, top-ranked needs were analyzed by using theory of inventive problem solving to seek the corresponding feasible solutions quickly, and innovative design of ambulances was conducted on this basis. However, many designers have not considered the product validation link when using these three methods for innovative design. On the contrary, in this improved ambulance design, the FCE is introduced to score the new design, find the deficiencies, and improve them, thus completing the missing link in the traditional design and forming a complete set of scientific design process. The traditional large ambulance with standard length, width, and height of 5,800 mm, 2,000 mm, and 2,600 mm is modified into a mini-ambulance with length, width, and height of 3,500 mm, 1,600 mm, and 2,250 mm. Simultaneously, various details are optimized to design a community micro-ambulance that truly meets the needs of users and enhances user satisfaction. Quantifying and ranking users' various functional needs for ambulances by using the AHP/QFD/TRIZ theory and providing corresponding feasible solutions have identified the breakthrough direction for the research on innovative design of community ambulances and have also provided references for the design of other products.


The present study was carried out in the parish of Ascazubi in an experimental shed belonging to the poultry MEGAVES CIA. LTDA. The objective was to evaluate the effect of an Intestinal Integrity Nucleus on productive parameters of broiler chickens against a Commercial diet and a Traditional diet Chickens fed a diet based on the Intestinal Integrity Nucleus had better productive parameters, including greater weight gain, lower feed conversion and thus a higher productive efficiency factor. The diet with the Intestinal Integrity Nucleus had a weight gain at 42 days of 2079,69 grams while the Commercial and Traditional diets had gains of 2033,12 and 1730,33 grams respectively. In relation to the food conversion, the most efficient value was achieved by the diet with Intestinal Integrity Nucleus with 1,60; the Commercial diet had 5 additional points and the Traditional diet 35. The best performance of the channel was that of the diet with Intestinal Integrity Nucleus, being higher in 3,22% to the Traditional diet and 0,58% to the Commercial diet. The production cost of each kilogram of chicken produced was lower for the diet with Intestinal Integrity Nucleus with a value of $ 0,78. The Commercial diet had a cost per kg of $ 1,00/kg and the Traditional diet of $ 0,87/kg. The greatest benefit was achieved by using the diet with the Intestinal Integrity Nucleus with a gain per chicken of $ 2,55; this was followed by the Commercial diet with a gain of $ 2,04 per chicken and the lowest value corresponded to the Traditional diet that had a gain per chicken of $ 1,97. The diet with the Intestinal Integrity Nucleus had the highest benefit / cost ratio, earning $ 1,54 per dollar invested and recovered. For the Commercial diet this value corresponds to $ 0,99 and for the Traditional $ 1,29. It was possible to conclude that the diet with an Intestinal Integrity Nucleus complemented with the Good Poultry Practices, results in a technological opportunity to obtain greater yields in the raising of broilers


Design of this research is a cross sectional study and study site in Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor. A total of 354 samples was drawn randomly. Average daily coffee and tea consumption were about 20.4 g and 1.93 g. Coffee is usually consumed at night. Whereas, tea is consumed in the morning. Samples feel positive and negative effects after consumption of coffee and tea such us sleepless, fatigue, fresh, easy to concentrate, addiction, diuresis, and cardiac arrhythmias.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the emerging research field of open innovation and identify where the field is going as well as suggest future fields of research.Design/methodology/approach – All academic papers and books published until November 2007 under the label of open innovation were systematically reviewed. Also, nine key researchers were asked to contribute with their opinions on the research frontier.Findings – A number of key themes in the research were identified, and conclusions on the underlying structure were drawn. This reveals that there is a tendency towards a broader definition and application of the term, a growing critical perspective, and a concentration on theory development and managerial implications.Research limitations/implications – The paper suggests that the locus of the innovation process and the extent of collaboration should be used as two dimensions in a model to further understanding of how open innovation develops. These dimensions have an important imp...


The stability of the Lagrangian points and the vertical periodic orbits around them is examined in the context of barred galaxies. A transition from stability to complex instability appears for the points L 4 and L 5 when the strength of the bar is su ciently large. The Hopf-like bifurcation associated to such a transition is inverse and its e ects on the central family of periodic orbits and neighbouring orbits are described. This instability can play an important role for barred galaxies secularly increasing the strength of their bar, because a sudden full destabilization of matter around these Lagrangian points must occur. This e ect is demonstrated with a sample of trajectories di using away from the corotation circle several 10 kpc radially, and several kpc out the galaxy plane.


In the speedily degrading surrounding, cancer is acknowledged as the most menacing disease whose death rate is higher than others. Many researchers are trying to analyze the cancer-creating genes and designing an efficient classification model to diagnose the cancer effectively and quickly. Here, random parameters of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) are optimized by Self Adaptive Multi-Population-based Elite strategy Jaya (SAMPEJ) approach. This strategy constructs a robust classifier named as SAMPEJ-ELM model. This model is tested on Breast cancer, Cervical cancer and Lung cancer datasets. Here, a comparative analysis is presented between the proposed model with ELM, Jaya optimized ELM (JayaELM), SAMPEJ optimized Neural Network (SAMPEJ-NN), TLBO (Teaching Learning Based Optimization) hybridized ELM (TLBO-ELM), SAMPEJ optimized Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (SAMPEJ-FLANN) models. Numerous performance metrices viz. accuracy, specificity, Gmean, sensitivity, F-score with ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) are used to estimate the proposed approach. Moreover, this model is compared with eleven existing models. SAMPEJ-ELM approach produced the highest degree of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in Breast Cancer (.9895, 1, .9853), Cervical Cancer (.9822, .9948, .9828), Lung cancer (.9787, 1, 1) datasets. The experimental outcomes show that SAMPEJ-ELM approach classifies the benign and malignant samples of cancer datasets significantly better than others.


Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures can serve in the reduction of mutual coupling by using their capability of suppressing surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. In this paper, a dual layer uni-planar compact EBG (UC-EBG) structure is analyzed and its dispersion diagram is extracted using the commercial finite element full wave solver High Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS). This UC-EBG structure can be built using planar fabrication technique without any modification. The dual layer UC-EBG structure, having a lower resonant frequency than the single layer one, is inserted between E-plane coupled microstrip antenna arrays to reduce the mutual coupling. This method has been verified by the HFSS simulations and as a result, a significant 17 dB mutual coupling reduction is noticed from the simulations.


Psychologists have studied related personal characteristics in the past (see the box on page 31 for details), such as self-control, for example, and conscientiousness. And now, researchers have found that the concept of grit adds something to our understanding of certain behaviors, especially those that require perseverance in the face of long-term, difficult work, like succeeding at West Point Military Academy, for instance. Whether you can teach someone to be gritty is quite another matter. It's likely you can teach parts of grit, but researchers are just beginning to explore how to do so.


The seasonal and diel movements of predators to take advantage of shifts in prey availability are fundamental elements of their foraging ecology, and also have consequences for the prey populations. In this study, we used complementary noninvasive techniques (motion-activated cameras and hair snares) to investigate seasonal and diel activity of brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) along six proximate streams supporting spawning populations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) in southwestern Alaska. Camera records over 3 years showed a rapid increase in bear activity around the time salmon arrived in the streams, with differences among streams corresponding to differences in salmon phenology. Bears were active throughout the day and night, but there were clear crepuscular peaks when camera data were pooled. When wire snares (to collect hair samples) were paired with cameras, the data showed similar seasonal patterns, but each technique detected bears missed by the other. Roughly...


1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Pet Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 54000, Lahore, Pakistan 2Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 54000, Lahore, Pakistan 3Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, P.R. China 4Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan Article Information Received 21 February 2022 Revised 25 March 2022 Accepted 18 April 2022 Available online 17 June 2022 (early access)


The 222 Rn concentration in natural water in different countries usually is about few Bq/L and is the subject of the National legislation as well as International norms and recommendations. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) established a limit of 11.1 Bq/L for the radon level in drinking water and this limit is considered as guideline in Canada and many countries of the European Union. This work presents the results of study of radon ( 222 Rn) concentration reduction in well water using the aeration process developed at the Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Physics of the Federal University of Technology (UTFPR). The water samples were collected from a well at Pinheirinho region of Curitiba in 2011. Experimental setup was based on the Radon Monitor (AlphaGUARD). The 222 Rn concentration was analyzed using the software DataEXPERT by Genitron Instruments, taking into account the volume of water sample, its temperature, atmospheric pressure and the total volume of the air in the vessels. Initial concentration of radon in water samples was 28,67 Bq/L which is bigger than maximum concentration recommended by USEPA. The mitigation was performed by means of diffusion aeration of water samples of 15L during the time interval of 24 hours following a period of 4 days. The efficiency of aeration mitigation was controlled by comparing the activity of radon in aerated water with reference water samples that were not aerated. Obtained results show very satisfactory decrease of 222 Rn activity in water samples even after few hours of intense aeration.


This paper presents a circuit perspective on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) limits by analyzing a standard CMOS inverter driving a capacitive load at ultralow supply voltages. While the behavior of an inverter is well understood and modeled in the superthreshold region and for sufficiently high supply voltages in the subthreshold region, the analysis at ultralow supply voltages is different. In this region of operation, the voltage levels corresponding to logic "1" and logic "0" are not Vdd and Gnd, respectively. We model the incomplete voltage swing and show that the minimum supply voltage for a CMOS inverter (with pull-up and pull-down devices as ideal conventional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors) is, indeed, 2kT/q ln 2. The novelty of this approach lies in the fact that it gives an explicit mathematical relationship between the supply voltage and a measure of distinguishability of the binary states defined in terms of the expected voltage swing. The analysis shows tha...


Since the end of the 20th Century, ICT advances have led to multiple convergences of content, computing, telecommunications and broadcasting. They have brought about changes in other areas, especially in knowledge management and human resources development. Digital divide is defined as the gap between those able, and those unable, to participate in the knowledge economy. This digital divide is evident within nations, between the developing and the developed world, and the urban and rural areas. Rural areas have low levels of human capital development, local content creation, ICT infrastructure and access, which together lead to high costs of participation. The rural ICT situation requires urgent steps to enable poor to participate meaningfully in the knowledge economy. Implementation of ICT Projects has been identified as a national priority by the Governments all over the world especially in under-developed countries. ICT viewed as a pivotal tool to improve governance, accountability and transparency, generate employment, develop human potential, and strengthen national unity. This paper discusses a project to enhance the economic growth and social progress of Thar region in province Sindh by encouraging beneficial ICT activities. The goal of the proposed project is to increase the use of ICT in order to accelerate economic and social development in the Thar region.


Across a range of medieval French texts—from the genres of romance, lai, and hagiography—scenes are found involving the discovery and scrutiny of a puzzling, hairy entity that cannot speak for itself, existing outside the confines of human civilization. These figures might turn out to be a beast, a nobleman, a saint, a murderer, or—more unsettlingly—many of these at once. These scenes are susceptible to a reading which calls upon a theoretical model drawn from the works of Bruno Latour and Karen Barad, for whom nature, culture, humanity, animality, the organic, and the inorganic are all different understandings of entanglements of matter and agency, expressed across a range of beings and becomings. From this perspective, these ambiguous creatures are read as figures which represent extremes of humanity and inhumanity, posing questions about that dichotomy and its relation to nature, and revealing the contingency of nature as an artificially constructed category.


We study black hole solutions in an extension of general relativity (GR) with an explicit non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. General black hole solutions satisfying the known energy conditions are derived including the ones with anti-de Sitter background. These solutions differ from those of GR by just a coupling function-dependent rescaling of the mass and charge of the black hole and by a 'dressing' of the cosmological constant. The existence of black hole solutions of the non-minimally coupled theory as well as the conditions for a suitable weak-field limit are considered as a constraint on the coupling function responsible for the non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. The 'dressing' of the cosmological constant is then used to address the cosmological constant problem.


This paper deals with usage of explicit analysis modelling of clinching process. Clinching process is often used in mechanical engineering. In this paper process of connecting of profiles in civil engineering is analyzed. The aim of this paper is creation of appropriate numerical model in LS-DYNA, which would correspond to manufacturing process of clinching. The most important parameters for creation of clinch connection are specified by comparison of numerical model and physical experiment. This paper is part of a larger research, which deals with clinching method used in civil engineering.


The present study involved one EFL learner who was regarded as successful, not only of understanding second language acquisition theories but also of demonstrating exceptional language skills thus far. An in-depth semi-structured interview was administered with three key objectives – to identify features of language inputs that enable her to develop English skills, to investigate her situation of the learning environment, and to reveal her motivation in learning the language. The participant was a successful EFL learner who was determined by the excellent TOEFL score and performed an outstanding achievement in English proven by the academic transcript. The data were gathered by means of a semi-structured interview and analyzed through the transcription process, coding, and drawing the conclusion. The results indicated that joining an intensive class and integrating English in her daily activities had primarily contributed to her language skill improvement. While the physical environment slightly provided a conducive environment for learning English, her academic environment was steadily supporting her. In addition to the importance of English in her future, the participant was successful in keeping her motivation to learn the language. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of how Indonesian EFL learners successfully acquire a foreign language.


As the recently developed international bio-visual micro-analysis method,QDs tech- nology is the development and extension of this method.QDs technology has advantages in bio- labeling,active cell and corporeal imaging,medical research,bio-chip fluorescent labels and screen.QDs technology is one kind of no-harm,trace amount,visual technology which can be used to living body dynamic analysis and check,and new medicine screen ban fluorescent la- bels.QDs has application prospect in the field such as basic science research of sport human body science,harmless diagnosis and precaution for athletic hurt,gene stimulant examine,Chi- nese traditional medicine for eliminating fatigue caused by athletics,modem screen of new med- icine.


In the previous chapter, it was shown that an aligned composite is usually stiff along the fibre axis, but much more compliant in the transverse directions. Sometimes, this is all that is required. For example, in a slender beam, such as a fishing rod, the loading is often predominantly axial and transverse or shear stiffness are not important. However, there are many applications in which loading is distributed within a plane: these range from panels of various types to cylindrical pressure vessels. Equal stiffness in all directions within a plane can be produced using a planar random assembly of fibres. This is the basis of chopped-strand mat. However, demanding applications require material with higher fibre volume fractions than can readily be achieved in a planar random (or woven) array. The approach adopted is to stack and bond together a sequence of thin 'plies' or 'laminae', each composed of long fibres aligned in a single direction, into a laminate. It is important to be able to predict how such a construction responds to an applied load. In this chapter, attention is concentrated on the stress distributions that are created and the elastic deformations that result. This involves consideration of how a single lamina deforms on loading at an arbitrary angle to the fibre direction. A summary is given first of some matrix algebra and analysis tools used in elasticity theory.


The study aims to estimate the cost‐effectiveness of superabsorbent wound dressings compared to the standard‐of‐care (SoC) dressings mix for treatment of patients with moderate‐to‐highly exuding leg ulcers in the German healthcare settings. A model‐based cost‐effectiveness analysis was conducted from the German statutory health insurance perspective, following German specific and international recommendations of good research practice. An individual‐level (microsimulation) state‐transition model has been used with a cycle length of 1 week and time horizon of 6 months. Several comprehensive systematic reviews were conducted to inform all model inputs, including clinical parameters, efficacy, quality of life, resources utilisation, and cost inputs. In addition, primary data from two clinical trials were used. Based on this cost‐effectiveness analysis, using superabsorbent wound dressings instead of the SoC dressings of patients with moderate‐to‐highly exuding leg ulcers in Germany can lead to an improved healing rate of 2.57% (benefit ratio 1.08), improved health‐related quality of life of 0.152 quality‐adjusted life weeks, and total direct cost savings of €771 per patient in 6 months. Robustness of results was confirmed in sensitivity and scenario analyses.


Abstract : In March 1947, the United States established an economic and military assistance program to bolster the nationalist Greek government against a communist insurgency. The Greek government suffered from a collapsed economy, deep social divisions, and an inability to defeat the insurgents in battle. The Joint U.S. Military Advisory and Planning Group provided operational advice to the Greek National Army that improved the nationalists' aggressiveness, tactics, battlefield management, and logistics. The advisors used training, mentorship, directive control, and disciplinary action to affect the nationalists' combat leadership. The improved leadership led to more effective combat operations against the communists. These operations pressured the insurgency, which had alienated Yugoslavia and committed to fighting with conventional tactics. These two insurgent errors, the massive economic and military aid program, and the improved nationalist combat performance resulted in a decisive victory in August 1949. The study provides insight into how advisors can affect a military's leadership.


It has become apparent to many orthopedic surgeons that the occurrence of the congenital deformity of the foot characterized primarily by adduction of the fore part of the foot, without the equinus and the varus deformities of clubfoot, has been increasing. Only one authoritative American article has appeared on the subject, 1 and that in 1933 when the deformity was still uncommon. Kite 2 has called the deformity "one third of a clubfoot" and has collected an imposing series of over 300 cases. When published, his work will furnish a valuable study of the causation. The entity has long been recognized in Germany; it became prevalent in that country thirty to forty years ago, just as it has in North America recently. More than twenty articles on this subject have been written in the German language. Kauffmann 3 has supplied an excellent and comprehensive summary with a complete bibliography. Because


In recent years considerable attention has been given to problems of thermal stress in isotropic materials. Much of this work has been devoted to statical problems although there has been some work on problems with time dependence, for example the quasi-static solutions obtained by Sternberg (1) and Eason and Sneddon (2). A good deal of interest has also been shown in statical thermal stress problems when the material is anisotropic. For the type of material considered here statical problems have been investigated by Grechushnikov and Brodovskii (3) and Sirotin (4) among others. Little attention has been given, however, to time dependent thermal stress problems when the material is anisotropic.


The properties and molecular structures of starch from gusiljatbam (GS) (Castanopsis cuspidate), a pine nut-type fruit with a chestnut taste, compared to starches from an acorn (AS) and a chestnut (CS) were investigated. The starches were isolated using an alkaline steeping method, and analyzed. The TAM contents of GS, AS, and CS were 44.09, 30.56, and 29.55%, respectively. The GS showed the highest water binding capacity (110.83%) and solubility at 80°C (10.00%). The initial pasting temperature of GS was the lowest, but its pasting viscosity was the highest among them. Trough, cold, and setback viscosities and particle sizes were in the following order: GS>AS>CS. The XRD patterns of GS, AS, and CS revealed B, A, and Cb type crystals, respectively. HPSEC showed the MW distribution patterns of the starches as AP, intermediate materials (IM), and AM peaks. However, the MW of AM as well as AP peak intensity and IM patterns were different. According to the branched chain length distribution of AP at DP 13–24 and DP 25–36, DPn, and DPw decreased in the following order: GS>AS>CS, but DP 6–12 and DP ≥ 37 were distributed in reverse order.


Experimental photodissociation cross sections for HCl and DCl have been recently measured in the autoionization energy region. These cross sections are obtained from the fluorescence excitation spectra of the fragments in the visible [White et al., J. Chem. Phys. 87, 6553 (1987)] or VUV [Frohlich et al. (to be published)] energy region. The peaks observed between 770–900 A in the photodissociation cross sections do not appear in the same place as that observed in the photoionization cross sections. A theoretical explanation of this fact is proposed. The Rydberg states with a A 2 Σ+ core are predissociated due to the spin–orbit interaction, by Rydberg states belonging to series converging to the repulsive a 4 Π state of HCl+ . Using an unified MQDT treatment of autoionization and predissociation processes, the photoionization and photodissociation cross sections are calculated and compared with the experimental results. It is concluded that the states which are predissociated do not have the same symmetry ...


A series of simple psychoacoustic studies were conducted on three deaf patients with indwelling scala tympani electrodes to determine better what they hear as a consequence of electrical stimulation. Physiological experiments on cats implanted with a similar electrode were conducted to determine how the sensation heard by these patients is generated and encoded in the auditory nervous system. Some preliminary results of these animal experiments are described. Additional improvements in the surgical implantation procedure are detailed.


Sharp luminescence originating from intra-atomic 4f-4f transition from both Eu and Tb doped GaN was observed at 622 nm which can be assigned to 5 D 0 - 7 F 2 transition of Eu 3+ and at 545 nm which can be assigned to 5 D 4 - 7 F 5 transitions of Tb 3+ . However, the luminescence intensity of Eu 3+ is two orders of magnitude stronger than that of Tb 3+ though the content of the rare earth elements is almost the same. The cause of the difference in the luminescence properties was studied based on the defect-related energy transfer model, and the role of the defects observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra was discussed.


This study is about an ethnic group called Palaung, who are known as Pale by the Burmese and the Shan people. During 1982-1984, a group of around 200 Palaung people migrated from Doi Lai, Shan State in the southern part of Myanmar to No Lae Village, Fang District, Chiang Mai Province in the northern part of Thailand. The village is located approximately 5-6 kilometers north of the Ang Khang Royal Project on the Thai-Myanmar border. The group that moved to No Lae call themselves "Dara-ang ren" or "Red Dara-ang" and speak the Dara-ang language of the Palaungic branch of the northern Mon-Khmer sub-groups, Austroasiatic language family. This paper provides brief information about Palaung language classification, the migration into Thailand, locations and demography. Based on Barth (1969)'s "ethnic boundary" and Hobsbawm and Ranger (2000)'s "invented tradition", the Dara-ang at No Lae have established their own ethnic identity both by an adaptation of the old and an invention of the new, namely dissemination of information about HM the King's permission to stay at No Lae, women's beautiful dresses and rattan or bamboo waist hoops, the legend of their ancestor "Roi Ngoen" and the dance, the ritual of making offerings to village guardian spirits and naming.


An internal combustion engine including an exhaust arrangement comprises a first exhaust duct and a second exhaust duct. A valve arrangement preferably comprising separate first and second exhaust valves associated with each cylinder, to selectively direct exhaust from engine to the first exhaust duct during a first exhaust period, and to the second exhaust duct during a subsequent second exhaust period. A turbine having an inlet is connected to the first exhaust duct; and a compressor drivingly connected to and driven by the turbine, has an inlet connected to second duct. The compressor, driven by the turbine extracting energy from the exhaust, reduces the back pressure in the exhaust system reducing pumping losses, with the second duct bypassing the turbine in the second exhaust period such that the turbine also does not increase the exhaust back pressure at least during the main second exhaust phase.


Research Article To study the association between labour admission test and mode of delivery Richa Kansal*, Prerna Panjeta, R.Mahendru Asso. Prof., Professor,Lecturer, Dept. of Obst & Gynae Haryana, India Demonstrator, Dept. of Biochemistry, BPS Govt. Medical college for women, Kh Professor Dept. of Surgery, BPS Govt. Medical College for women, Khanpur Kanal, Sonepat, Haryana Senior Resident, LLRM Medical College, Meerut ARTICLE INFO:


SUMMARY A disadvantage of fully non-linear methods of inversion, through exploitation of the properties of model space, is the absence of a well-developed framework for error assessment. To rectify this problem an auxiliary weighting function for ensemble properties is introduced that can be used with suitable thresholds to define consistency regions of suitable models. This approach requires neither a detailed knowledge of the misfit distribution nor an underlying probabilistic model. The use of a polyhedral representation of such consistency regions is illustrated with an example from non-linear seismic event location, showing the effect of different choices for the misfit measure. The auxiliary weight function can be used directly with the composite misfit measure used to drive the exploration of model space in the non-linear inversion. Such composite measures usually combine a data misfit and regularization term. However, considerable benefit can be obtained by storing the data misfit and associated model characteristics for each investigated model, as well as the composite measure. The properties of the model ensemble can then be used retrospectively to define preferred models by the intersection of a consistency region in data misfit with zones constrained by desirable model properties.


Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks (SAON) is a process to support and strengthen the development of multinational engagement for sustained and coordinated pan-Arctic observing and data sharing systems that serve societal needs, particularly related to environmental, social, health, economic and cultural issues.


The disclosure relates to compositions, films, and methods for improving the appearance of the skin. Compositions comprise at least one thermoplastic elastomer, at least one adhesive polymer, and at least one filler. Methods comprise applying the compositions to the skin to tighten the skin or hide skin imperfections, by forming a film on the skin.


A field experiment was conducted on the first ratoon of sugarcane (cv. CoLk 8102) exhibiting natural chlorosis under subtropical condition. Result revealed that the absolute quantities of Fe cannot be used as an index ofratoon chlorosis; active Fe content in the LTM leaf is a better index. Similarly, Fe/Mn ratio cannot always act as diagnostic ratio for ratoon chlorosis. The ratio of active Fe/total Fe in LTM leafofnon-chlorotic plant was found to be approximately twice as that of chlorotic one and can be used as an index of iron chlorosis. The ratioofchlorophyll-a/chlorophyll-b ratio was more than four times in LTM leaf of non-chlorotic plant than that of chlorotic plant and can be used as an index of iron chlorosis.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on firm value of food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014-2018. The population were 72 and the sample were 40 companies. This study used the technique of classical assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis. Partial results of research showed that liquidity did not affect firm value, leverage had a significant positive effect on firm value, profitability had significant positive effect on firm value.


When student programs are compared for similarity as a step in the detection of academic misconduct, certain segments of code are always sure to be similar but are no cause for suspicion. Some of these segments are boilerplate code (e.g. public static void main String [] args) and some will be code that was provided to students as part of the assessment specification. This working group explores these and other types of code that are legitimately common in student assessments and can therefore be excluded from similarity checking. From their own institutions, working group members collected assessment submissions that together encompass a wide variety of assessment tasks in a wide variety of programming languages. The submissions were analysed to determine what sorts of code segment arose frequently in each assessment task. The group has found that common code can arise in programming assessment tasks when it is required for compilation purposes; when it reflects an intuitive way to undertake part or all of the task in question; when it can be legitimately copied from external sources; and when it has been suggested by people with whom many of the students have been in contact. A further finding is that the nature and size of the common code fragments vary with course level and with task complexity. An informal survey of programming educators confirms the group's findings and gives some reasons why various educators include code when setting programming assignments.


The author pushes the visual, revealing metaphors to the extreme and presents the crisis of the sight-centered (ocular-centric) culture based on the visual pleasure. Thanks to the disclosure of the crisis of representation, the author managed to dispose of the category of sight and turn to the Lacanian category of gaze, which brings with itself a different kind of pleasure — the unpleasant one (jouissance).


In modern science, the thermo mechanics motion can be traced back to quantum motion in micro viewpoint. On the other hand, the thermo mechanics is definitely related with geometrical configuration motion (phase) in macro viewpoint. On this sense, the thermomechanics should be formulated by two kinds of motion: quantum motion and configuration motion. Its principle goal ought to be bridge the gap between atomic physics and engineering practice. In this research, the configuration motion is formulated by deformation geometrical field (motion transformation tensor). The quantum motion is formulated by the wave function of quantum state. Based on these two fields, the thermo stress is formulated as the coupling of quantum motion and configuration motion. Along this line, the entropy is interpreted and formulated according to thermodynamics rules. For scalar entropy, the traditional meaning of entropy is reserved. For infinitesimal configuration variation, the formulation is degenerated to the traditional elasticity deformation. For large random configuration deformation, the formulation is degenerated to the statistical physics methods. This research supplies a possible formulation to bridge the gap between the macro deformation and the micro quantum motion.


One of the biggest challenges cloud computing faces is forecasting correctly the resource use for future demands. Consumption of cloud resources is consistently changing, making it difficult for algorithms to forecast to make precise predictions. Using of the machine learning in cloud computing leads to many benefits. Such as chances of the enhancement in the quality of the service via forecasting future burden of works and responding automatically with dynamic scaling. This motivates the work presented in this paper to predict CPU use of host machines for a single time and multiple times. This paper uses three supervised machine-learning algorithms to classify and predict CPU utilization because of their capability to keep data and predict accurate time series issues. It is tried to forecast CPU usage with better accuracy while comparing to traditional methods


England's most senior nurse has urged all hospitals to publish a range of information each month that will 'shine a light' on the care they provide. Addressing more than 450 senior nurses last week at her annual summit in Birmingham, chief nursing officer Jane Cummings called for greater transparency and openness in hospitals across the country. She applauded 17 trusts in the north of England for publishing a range of data, such as the results from patient and staff experience surveys and statistics from the NHS Safety Thermometer, which collects rates of falls and pressure ulcers. Starting next month, the organisations will begin publishing monthly staffing levels. Ms Cummings said last week: 'Being open, honest and transparent has got to be the best way forward.' She added that the information published was 'not there for comparison'. She said: 'It is there to shine a light on what care is really going on and look at ways of improving. 'For the 17 trusts that have already published – thank you,' she added. 'I would love others to do the same. Lots of you publish huge amounts of data on an individual basis. The difference here is doing it using the same template. There is a lot to learn from that.' In September, Nursing Standard exclusively revealed that trusts across the north of England were planning to sign up to the Transparency Care Initiative, developed by NHS England chief nurse for the north Gill Harris.


Varicocele is a disease that often occurs in infertile men. The prolonged existence of venous reflux in the pampiniform plexus of the scrotum contributes to the progress of the deterioration of the ejaculate, up to the total absence of germ cells in it. Aim: To assess the effect of varicocele on male infertility. Methods: All men (n=72) with varicocele and azoospermia included in the study were divided into two groups. In the first group (n=31), surgical treatment of varicocele was not performed and testicular biopsy was performed immediately. The men of the second group first underwent the microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy, and after 6 months, according to indications, microTESE was performed. As a result, in the first group of patients, spermatozoa extraction was successful in 1/3 of men, and in the second group - in 2/3 (p<0.01). Conclusion: In patients with azoospermia, surgical treatment of varicocele helps to restore spermatogenesis in 16.6%. Also, the operation according to the microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy improves the effectiveness of testicular biopsy by 26.3%.


Abstract : The need to accurately determine the thermochemical properties of carbon properties of carbon above 4000 deg K, including its melt temperature, is being addressed by an approach which seeks to determine these equilibrium properties from nonequilibrium (but steady-state) carbon ablation data. In order to do this, a non-linear model of the carbon nonequilirbium phase change process induced by high thermal radiation environments has been developed.


The following two Review Articles that were published in 2006 in Volume 23 of Visual Neuroscience, were incorrectly categorized in the table of contents as Research Articles.


We consider worker‐controlled sex investments in eusocial Hymenoptera (ants in particular) and assume that relatedness asymmetry is variable among colonies and that workers are able to assess the relatedness asymmetry in their own colony. We predict that such "assessing" workers should maximize their inclusive fitness by specializing in the production of the sex to which they are relatively most related, i.e., colonies whose workers have a relatedness asymmetry below the population average should specialize in males, whereas colonies whose workers have a higher than average relatedness asymmetry should specialize in making females.


A star forest is a forest all of whose components are stars. The star arboricity, st(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of star forests whose union covers all the edges of G. The arboricity, A(G), of a graph G is the minimum number of forests whose union covers all the edges of G. Clearly st(G) > A(G). In fact, Algor and Alon have given examples which show that in some cases st(G) can be as large as A(G)+ f~(log/k) (where s is the maximum degree of a vertex in G). We show that for any graph G, st(G) <_ A(G) + O(log ~).


Thaw modification is the general process whereby frost-fissure wedges are modified during thaw, and by which frost-fissure pseudomorphs may develop. Specific processes of thaw modification are inferred from ice-wedge pseudomorphs, composite-wedge pseudomorphs and deformed sand wedges in the Pleistocene Mackenzie Delta: i.e. thermal erosion, collapse, subsidence, refreezing, loading, buoyancy, spreading, folding and shearing.

Thaw modification is believed to result in selective preservation of pseudomorphs and wedges. Sand wedges are more likely to be preserved than are ice-wedge pseudomorphs or compositewedge pseudomorphs, because only those sand wedges that penetrate massive ice or icy sediments are prone to thaw modification. Furthermore, whereas ice wedges preferentially develop in ice-rich, fine-grained sediments (thaw-sensitive), their pseudomorphs appear to be selectively preserved in ice-poor, coarse-grained sediments (thaw-stable).


The number of accidents caused by drunk driving has alarmingly increased over the years. Hence, this requires a workaround that will mitigate the threat posed by alcohol-intoxicated drivers. This study aims to develop a system that prevents drunk driving by developing an IoT based system that can sense alcohol intoxication levels in a driver's breath. When the system detects an exceeding level of alcohol in the breath sample, the system will cut the electric supply to the servo motor, and an SMS will be sent to the relevant authorities and the exact location using the GPS module. Therefore, preventing alcohol-intoxicated drivers from being on the road can be reduced, and the safety of road users can increase. This will help deter the painful consequences and losses that occur because of drunk drivers on the road, as well as offer an economically efficient solution for prevention of drunk driving.


Abstract:A project considering teacher readiness for student mobility and the student mobility rates in Nebraska meatpacking communities led to the unexpected discovery that student mobility rates in districts with significant American Indian enrollment are even higher. This review of multivocal literature (Ogawa & Malen, 1991) combines an extensive literature review with statistical and ethnographic data from several Nebraska districts to illuminate (1) how mobility is a significant feature of American Indian education in Nebraska that (2) is not anticipated by the state, the districts, or local teacher education programs. Noting that Department of Defense schools have a decent track record of responding to high mobility, the article concludes that education systems and teacher preparation could become much more responsive to mobility, converting what too often is allowed to be a hazard into something for which teachers and systems are prepared and to which they can adequately respond.


From a high performance capillary electrophoretic experiment in a phosphate buffer (pH 3.5), Eosine Y was found for the first time to migrate together with protein in a capillary tube as a supramolecular complex. This finding gave us not only the possibility to overcome the serious problems in protein estimation, but also the possibility to measure the Eosine Y in place of protein much more sensitively by several methods. However the results obtained so far were not so good


In this paper, we describe an electronic guidebook prototype and report on a study of its use in a historic house. Supported by mechanisms in the guidebook, visitors constructed experiences that had a high degree of interaction with three entities: the guidebook, their companions, and the house and its contents. For example, we found that most visitors played audio descriptions through speakers (rather than using headphones or reading textual descriptions) to facilitate communication with their companions.


Recently, we reported successful growth of high-quality GaAs/Si epilayers by using a very thin amorphous Si film as buffer layer. In this paper, the impurity properties of this kind of GaAs/Si epilayers have been studied by using PL spectrum, SIMS and Hall measurement. Compared to a typical PL spectrum of the GaAs/Si epilayers grown by conventional two-step method, a new peak was observed in our PL spectrum at the energy of 1.462 eV, which is assigned to the band-to-silicon acceptor recombination. The SIMS analysis indicates that the silicon concentration in this kind of GaAs/Si epilayers is about 1018 cm-3. But its carrier concentration (about 4×1017 cm-3) is lower than the silicon concentration. The lower carrier concentration in this kind of GaAs/Si epilayer can be interpreted both as the result of higher compensation and as the result of the formation of the donor-defect complex. We also found that the high-quality and low-Si-concentration GaAs/Si epilayers can be regrown by using this kind of GaAs/Si epilayer as substrate. The FWHM of the X-ray (004) rocking curve from this regrowth GaAs epilayer is 118′′, it is much less than that of the first growth GaAs epilayer (160′′) and other reports for the GaAs/Si epilayer grown by using conventional two-step method (∼200′′).


We used high-energy resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to extract the momentum dependence of the superconducting gap of Ru-substituted Ba(Fe0.75Ru0.25)(2)As-2 (T-c = 15 K). Despite a strong out-of-plane warping of the Fermi surface, the magnitude of the superconducting gap observed experimentally is nearly isotropic and independent of the out-of-plane momentum. More precisely, we respectively observed 5.7 and 4.5 meV superconducting gaps on the inner and outer Gamma-centered hole Fermi surface pockets, whereas a 4.8 meV gap is recorded on the M-centered electron Fermi surface pockets. Our results are consistent with the J(1)-J(2) model with a dominant antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the next-nearest Fe neighbors. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094513


Wheat image,as Haizi's original spiritual substance,is not only related to his complex caused by suffering rural life,but also the concrete symbolic object of his poet mission and the spiritual portrait of pursuer and seed-sowers who believe in spirit.Changes which Haizi's used wheat image show his understanding,sticking to and giving up the poet mission.Analyzing these changes entailed in his wheat image,can present Haizi's mind experience that show despair and even commit suicide.


NeuroD1/BETA2, a member of the bHLH transcription factor family, is known to influence the fate of specific neuronal, endocrine and retinal cells. We report here that NeuroD1 mRNA is highly abundant in the developing and adult rat pineal gland. Pineal expression begins in the 17‐day embryo at which time it is also detectable in other brain regions. Expression in the pineal gland increases during the embryonic period and is maintained thereafter at levels equivalent to those found in the cerebellum and retina. In contrast, NeuroD1 mRNA decreases markedly in non‐cerebellar brain regions during development. Pineal NeuroD1 levels are similar during the day and night, and do not appear to be influenced by sympathetic neural input. Gene expression analysis of the pineal glands from neonatal NeuroD1 knockout mice identifies 127 transcripts that are down‐regulated (>twofold, p < 0.05) and 16 that are up‐regulated (>twofold, p < 0.05). According to quantitative RT‐PCR, the most dramatically down‐regulated gene is kinesin family member 5C (∼100‐fold) and the most dramatically up‐regulated gene is glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 (∼fourfold). Other impacted transcripts encode proteins involved in differentiation, development, signal transduction and trafficking. These findings represent the first step toward elucidating the role of NeuroD1 in the rodent pinealocyte.


Bone conduction is being utilized widely for music reproduction and hearing aids. However, due to unclear transmitting process of bone conduction, some detailed characteristics are still in discussion. Previous researchers has made achievements on frequency characteristics of bone conduction actuators by comparing the relationship between loudness as a subjective measurement and acceleration as an objective measurement. In this paper, besides discussion on the possibility of estimating loudness characteristics on bone conduction actuators by means of acceleration, another method that uses otoacoustic emissions(OAEs) to estimate frequency characteristics of bone conduction is also presented. OAEs, which are acoustical signals considered to be from cochlea, are measurable of most humans with normal hearing. By giving a single stimulus to cochlea, otoacoustic emission will be transmitted into ear canal. According to the results, the emitted signal arose in response to the stimulus which was from a bone conduction actuator. It was found that similar emissions were responded to stimulus of bone conduction at the same frequency. It suggests possibility of using otoacoustic emission as a method for measuring frequency characteristics of bone conduction actuators.


We investigate, both numerically and experimentally, the optical parametric generation (OPG) process driven by femtosecond pulses in second-order nonlinear crystals. We discuss on the absolute phase and time fluctuations of the OPG beam.


understanding the disordered structure experienced by us as world citizen, urges us to research and a reading of the world back in reflection and meaningful actions involving sustainability. This research aims to provide environmental education as a field of study and research fundamental to the construction of an ecological conscience, and to study, through Project: school gardens, educational possibilities in the perspective of building values that contribute to the formation of citizenship and a culture that understands solidarity and respect for the environment. It is a literature and ethnographic records in which the processes developed and the results obtained with the Garden Project at different educational institutions, working with children from Kindergarten, and elementary school special education Institutions. Reflections addressing relevant environmental issues such as deforestation, pollution, erosion, biodiversity, desertification, etc.. These themes, interdisciplinary worked with the inclusion of the family in the process of project development. The results indicate that the development of the school Garden Project, when based on a consistent and critical ecological approach, is an excellent tool provoking work and interdisciplinary reflection between student and teacher. When deploying an education project for the environment, we facilitate the students and the public an understanding of the fundamental problems of human presence in the environment, their responsibility and their critical role as citizens of a country and a planet.


The practical aspects that determine the choice and suitability of a solid phase preconcentration method such as the properties of the solid * For further information


Cold starting lubricated systems generates severe wear due to failure of the lubricant film, generating contact between surfaces and the production of abrasive particles that make wear a cumulative process. This creates problems due to unexpected halts, changes in maintenance calendars and loss of time, money and energy. In order to protect industrial parts during cold starting and when there is a failure of the lubrication film considering it as a transition from joint lubrication to lubrication by layer limit, a study was conducted on the behaviour of solid lubricants applied on surfaces of AISI 304 stainless steel coated with Tungsten/Titanium disulfide (WS2/ Ti) bilayers in environments without lubrication and in environments lubricated with different fluids used in the industry of gearboxes, bearings and hydraulic elements.  Using different analysis techniques, the dry Crystal structure, surface, mechanical and tribological properties and with commercial lubricant SHELL OMALA S4GX - 220 and TELLUS S4ME-46, supplied by UMACO a CIA SAS were determined. It was also determined that the basic properties of the coating influence their tribological behavior, with a reduction of the friction and wear coefficient with respect to the dry tests and to the substrate used; it was also determined that the formation of abrasive particles induce reduced resistance to scratching in dry tests and scuffing/ scoring in lubricated systems.


Objective:To explore those factors of endometriosis(EMs) recurrence after conservative surgery. Methods:126 cases of EMs after conservative surgery from June 2008 to June 2012 were analyzed.They were divided into two groups: the non-recurrence group(89 cases) and the recurrent group(37 cases).Clinical data was Analyzed, those risk factors related to recurrence were evaluated. Results:In 126 cases, there were 19 cases with recurrence in the first year(15.08%), 14 cases with recurrence in the second year(11.11%) [totally, 33 cases(26.19%)], and 4 cases with recurrence in the third year(3.17%) after conservative surgery [total 37 cases(29.37%) in three years]. The number of recurrence cases increased with years after surgery(χ2=8.375, P =0.015). There is no significant difference in the previous surgical history between two groups(P 0.05). Those risk factors related to recurrence included the surgery history of conservative EMs surgery, pelvic diseases, postoperative r-AFS score, painful nodules in posterior vaginal fornix.Those protective factors included the time of pregnancy and treatment with mifepristone. Conclusions:Those risk factors and protective factors related to EMs recurrence after conservative surgery should be noticed, so as to predict prognosis and to guide clinical treatment.


This paper studies that photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities of seedlings are measured and analyzed through external ABA(25 μmol / L) on Vicia faba L.seedlings under Cd stress.The results show that with no ABA treatment under 10 mg/L Cd stress,Pn,Tr,Gs and Ci of Vicia faba L.seedlings incressed,but along with the increasing of cocentration of Cd,these parameters decrease.ABA could increase the response of Pn,Gs and Ci while Cd inhibits it with exception of Tr.Furthermore,with ABA treatment permeability of the plasmamebrane and MDA content are lower and the activities of SOD,CAT POD are higher than no ABA treatment.


Operant conditioning as presented by Skinner and in a behavior modification perspective is clarified and extended by comparison with behavioral learning theory, which is found to be a misinterpretation of operant conditioning and which offers recommendations for marketing practice that are unsupported by operant principles or the BMP. Consideration of these issues leads to several extensions of operant conditioning and the BMP in marketing.


The retention policy increased the number of students who repeat third grade after scoring at level 1 on the FCAT. However, the subsequent performance of these students also has improved. Sixty-two percent of the students who repeated third grade because they scored at level 1 on the FCAT subsequently improved their performance to level 2 or above. About twothirds of these students maintained their improved performance into fourth grade.


An approach for determing the sufficient number of respondents whose route choice should be investigated in order to model the passenger route choice in a city route system is developed. The approach allows to assign the acceptable value of the relative error of parameters when defining the utility function.


Abstract Collections of thomisid spiders by amateur and professional arachnologists in China have led to the discovery of some interesting crab spiders (Thomisidae). Two new species in two genera of thomisid spiders are described and illustrated with photographs and SEMs: Phartaxizang Liu & Yao, sp. nov. (♀) and Stephanopisqiong Liu & Yao, sp. nov. (♀). The previously unknown males of Borboropactuslongidens Tang & Li, 2010 and Stephanopisxiangzhouica Liu, 2022 were also collected and are described for the first time. The genus Borboropactus Simon, 1884 is reported for the first time from Vietnam. The new Stephanopis species is also recorded for only the second time from the Asian mainland. Distributions of all these species are mapped.


ABSTRCT The study has been directed with the principle plan to realize the perception of customer against Hygienic food products. Accomplishing sustainability for the worldwide food system has been recognized as the real test during the current century. There is a decent measure of research developing over different zones of Hygienic foods committed to finding the best approaches to change the food system. One of the primary options proposed is the creation of food products utilizing Hygienic techniques. Large amount of consumers are communicating their worries about health and the effect on environment by searching out organically produced food.


In their debate contribution, Aarseth et al. (2016) strongly argue against the proposal of WHO ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases, 11th revision) to include Gaming Disorder as a new d...


Sheep grazing capacities over 15 years from two long-running high country trials in a moderate rainfall zone and under 30 different annual sulphur and phosphorus fertiliser combinations are presented. With time, the sheep grazing capacities became increasingly related to the rate of S fertiliser input, and largely independent of P fertiliser rate. The implication for grazing capacity, fertiliser purchase, transport and spreading costs is the very large cost benefit that could accrue from further development of methods for handling and spreading elemental S fertiliser.


By means of mRNA differential display PCR(DD-PCR),56 cDNA fragments have been identified from the Helicoverpa armigeras brain that are expressed differentially between the diapausing pupae and the pupae of diapause termination by injecting 20-hydroxyecdysone.RT-PCR and Real-time PCR analysis revealed that mRNA levels of the FK506-binding protein 12(FKBP12)and two unknown genes were higher in the diapausing pupae,whereas the ecdysteroid-regulated 16 kDa protein(esr16),NADH dehydrogenase 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6,and two unknown genes were higher in the pupae of diapause termination.These results provide new clues to researches on the molecular mechanism of diapause.


Preface Acknowledgments PART I. DEPRESSION: SYMPTOMS & THEORIES ABOUT THERAPIES 1. The Symptoms, Signs, & Diagnosis of Depression 2. Theories about Therapies for Depression PART II. DEPRESSION ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 3. Depression in Children 4. Depression in Adolescents 5. Depression in Adults 6. Depression in Older Adults PART III. COMORBID CONDITIONS & OTHER SYMPTOMS, SIGNS, & PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION 7. Additional Psychiatric Disorders & Severely Distressed Close Relationships Associated with Depression 8. Chronic Health Problems Associated with Depression 9. Suicide & Depression PART IV. TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION 10. Psychotherapy 11. Pharmacotherapy 12. Relapse Prevention Epilogue References Author Index Subject Index About the Authors


Industrial olefin/paraffin separations heavily rely upon energy intensive distillation-based technologies, which represent a class of the most important and also the most costly processes in the chemical industry. The method of olefin/paraffin separations certainly holds an enormous potential for capital and energy cost savings if a more efficient technique is developed. A module containing a microporous hydrophobic membrane has been assessed for their capability in the selective removal of propylene from a gas mixture with propane. A study of mass transfer in the membrane module indicates that the overall mass transfer coefficients, Koverall , are dominated by the individual coefficients in the liquid film, kL. A model based on the resistancein-series model and Sherwood correlations could describe this phenomenon.


The purpose of this report is to analyze the difference in occurence of massive gastrointestinal bleeding caused by severe brain damage between 125 cases treated preventively by antacid buffer (Maalox®) therapy and 387 cases without antacid treatment. The antacid buffer therapy consists of complete neutralization of gastric acid with antacid buffer (Maalox®). Maalox® is infused intermittently through the gastric tube and gastric juice was aspirated through the tube to maintain the pH of the aspirate at 7.0 during one week after the onset of the original disease. Among 125 patients, 43 cases were of traumatic intracerebral hematoma, 38 cases of ruptured aneurysm, and 44 cases of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma. In the group treated by antacid therapy only three cases developed the uncontrolable massive gastrointestinal bleeding; one of them had the bleeding following shock caused by severe infection, and in other 2 cases the pH of gastric juce could not be kept nutralized in spite of antacid buffer therapy. In 97 per cent of the group treated by antacid buffer therapy, massive gastrointestinal bleeding was prevented. On the other hand, 47 cases (12.1 %) out of 387 cases without antacid buffer therapy had massive gastric bleeding and died. In hypertensive intracerebral hematoma, 24.6% of them died because of massive gastric bleeding, and 12.8% of the cases of ruptured aneurysm and 8.2% of severe head injury had untreatable gastric bleeding within one week from the onset of original disease. For the prevention of massive gastrointestinal bleeding caused by severe brain damage following hypertensive cerebral hematoma, ruptured aneurysm and severe head injury, the antacid buffer therapy is effective reducing the occurence rate to less than 3 per cent. This result also suggests that the presence of gastric hydrochloric acid plays an important role in the development and perpetuation of gastrointestinal bleeding.


A stereoselective synthesis of the upper fragment (4) of tetronolide (1) was achieved via catalytic osmylation of the dienol acetate (10) derived from the spirotetronate (3).


In this paper, stochastic analysis of the behaviour of stock prices is considered using a proposed log-
normal distribution model. To test this model, stock prices for a period of 19 years were taken from the Nigerian
Stock Exchange (NSE) for simulation, and the results reveal that the proposed model is efficient for the prediction
of stock prices. Better accuracy of results via this model can be improved upon when the drift and the volatility
parameters are structured as stochastic functions of time instead of constants parameters.


In reflectivity tomography, a weakly reflecting object that is immersed in an acoustically homogeneous background medium is interrogated with an infinitesimally short ultrasonic pulse and the corresponding reflected signal is measured at the source location as a function of time. The goal of reflectivity tomography is to reconstruct a function that describes the reflectivity of an inhomogeneous object, from knowledge of the reflected signal measured at different source-receiver positions. In this work, we identify symmetries in the reflectivity tomography data function and demonstrated that they can be exploited to reduce the amount of data that needs to be measured in order to accurately reconstruct the reflectivity function, propose and numerically investigate reconstruction algorithms for reconstructing the reflectivity function from a /spl pi/-scheme data set.


Federal systems tend to have two venues of representation to ensure that both the people as a whole and the constituent units are represented at the federal level. While this double representation is put forward as a basic (normative) feature of federal systems, little to no empirical research has been conducted on this issue. This contribution therefore studies the representation of the people as a whole and of the constituent units in the Belgian House of Representatives by means of a representative claims analysis of 4,757 oral parliamentary questions. As federal systems tend to be dynamic, the analysis is based on six periods of federal reform through which Belgium decentralized. Our findings show that, over time, the representation of the constituent units increased and exceeded the representation of the people, providing unique empirical input for the debate about the idea that federalism is by definition beneficial for democracy. We problematize our results from a democratic point of view, as—despite being able to vote—the people as a whole are hardly any more represented by the House. Going beyond the Belgian case, we argue that processes of federalization should address the adequate representation of both the constituent units and the people.


This work presents two lithium-ion battery models which are implemented in the multiphysics software package FIRE®, developed by AVL List GmbH: an efficient electrothermal model based on an empirical voltage/current relationship and a physically based, non-isothermal electrochemical model. The models are applied to a 3D simulation of a high energy lithium-ion pouch battery. Both models are adjusted to measured discharge curves for various currents and temperatures. Then their results are compared and a deep insight into the electrodes is given by the electrochemical model. Here, the importance of 3D effects and temperature influence are pointed out – both effects which are often neglected in electrochemical models presented in literature. Finally, both models are compared to voltage and temperature measurements using a realistic, strongly dynamic driving profile. A highly accurate prediction of the experimental data can be achieved with both models.


Summary We present a method for estimating quality factor Q from pre-stack CMP records. First employing a function with four undetermined parameters to approximate the source wavelet, the relation between the instantaneous frequency (IF) at the envelope peaks of seismic wavelets (EPIF) and offsets is derived based on the theory of one-way wave propagation in a 1D viscoelastic medium; then we calculate the EPIF of every non-zero offset trace of every event to extrapolate the EPIF of zero offset trace of every event based on the relation; finally Q is estimated by combining WEPIF with the reflectivities information. Applied to prestack CMP models and field record, it produces a Q-curve which indicates that the extent of absorption corresponds well to the gas saturation of reservoirs.


Review(s) of: The future of capitalism: how today's economic forces will shape tomorrow's world, by Lester Thurow, Allen and and Unwin, 1996.


CHILDREN, PARENTS AND THE LAW: Public and Private Authority in the Home, Schools, and Juvenile Courts offers the perfect balance of perspective and coverage for your child-focused law course. This highly teachable book is also ideal for child-focused courses that deal with the juvenile justice and child welfare systems.


Summary The male of the Florida endemic bee species Hylaeus graenicheri is described from specimens collected in Everglades National Park, Florida. The male has genitalia typical of the subgenus Hylaeana. The species is noted for its small size, yellow and brown colour, and lack of a supraclypeal maculation and an incomplete clypeal maculation. Figures and photos are provided to help with identification.


Ear recognition has received broad attention from the biometric community and its emerging usage in multiple applications is raising new security concerns, with robustness against presentation attacks being a very active field of research. This paper addresses for the first time the ear presentation attack detection problem by developing an exhaustive benchmarking study on the performance of state-of-the-art light field and non-light field based ear presentation attack detection solutions. In this context, this paper also proposes an appropriate ear artefact database captured with a Lytro ILLUM lenslet light field camera, including both 2D and light field contents, using several types of presentation attack instruments, including laptop, tablet and two different mobile phones. Results show very promising performance for two recent light field based presentation attack detection solutions originally proposed for face presentation attack detection.


In this paper we investigate some properties of a Q-fuzzy interior ideal of a semigroup. We also consider Q-fuzzy characteristic interior ideals.


Estimation of the optimal size of order is one of the key tasks in determining the parameters of the urban freight restocking system. The existing analytical models and methods are considering each technology separately and they do not compare the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Justin-tme (JIT) restocking technologies. The purpose of this research was to evaluate efficiency of the JIT and EOQ restocking technologies. The research would help in selecting the delivery model, analyzing functioning of existing JIT and EOQ models. The article presents an approach to determining the comparison in organizing supplies to the retailer. For this, the two supply models were compared. The Just-in-Time model is characterised by costs that are spend on transportation. The Economic Order Quantity model includes costs of transportation and storage in a warehouse. After calculations, application of the Just-in-Time model in the given conditions was determined.


The distribution of a scarce commodity such as deceased donor's kidneys for transplantation should be as equitable as possible. Different countries try to implement kidney allocation systems (KAS) in transplantation that balance principles of justice and utility in the distribution of such scarce resource (Lima & Alves, 2020). That is, a KAS should optimize the transplant clinical outcome (principle of utility) while giving a reasonable opportunity to all wait list candidates to be transplanted (principle of justice) (Geddes et al., 2005).


PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the microgap at the implant-abutment interface with premachined and customized laser-sintered Co-Cr abutments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Ten Ti premachined abutments (Group I) and ten Ti customized laser-sintered Co-Cr abutments (Group II) were connected to the Ti implants and then embedded in clear autopolymerising acrylic resin blocks. These blocks were vertically sectioned using a water jet powered sectioning equipment. Scanning electron microscopic images of all the samples were obtained. Using pixel counting software, the microgaps at the implantabutment interface at the platform level (A, B, C) and internal connection level (D, E, F) were measured on both right and the left sides for each sample of both test groups. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using non parametric Mann- Whitney U test.
RESULTS:
The mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at point (IA): 0.774μm for Group I and (IIA): 1.888 μm for Group II samples. The mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at point (IB): 0.967μm for Group I and (IIB): 1.915 μm for group II samples. The mean microgap at the implantabutment interface at point (IC): 2.078μm for Group I and (IIC): 2.643 μm for Group II samples. The mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at point (ID): 2.313μm for Group I and (IID): 6.049 μm for Group II samples. The mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at point (IE): 1.927μm for Group I and (IIE): 6.110μm for Group II samples. The mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at point (IF): 2.189μm for Group I and (IIF): 6.014μm for Group II samples. Non parametric Mann-Whitney U test showed statistically significant difference (p 0.05)
CONCLUSION:
Within the limitation of the study, the mean microgap at the implant-abutment interface at the platform and internal connection level for premachined abutments were significantly lesser compared to that of the customized laser-sintered Co-Cr abutments, even though, the microgaps of both the test groups were within the clinically acceptable range.


SUMMARY We examine simple estimators for general ARMA models and a corresponding identification method. Both estimation and identification are based on a matrix formed from the coefficients of an autoregressive approximation to the process of interest. We show that a zero determinant of this matrix is necessary and sufficient for the existence of a common factor in autoregressive and moving average lag polynomials, and therefore for redundant parameters in the model. Simulation results suggest a close match between the empirical finite-sample distribution of the test statistic for model order reduction and its asymptotic distribution.


Abstract. Gel particles, such as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie
stainable particles (CSP), are important organic components in the
sea surface microlayer (SML). Here, we present results on the effect of
different wind speeds on the accumulation and size distribution of TEP and
CSP during a wind wave channel experiment in the Aeolotron. Total areas of
TEP (TEPSML) and CSP (CSPSML) in the surface microlayer were
exponentially related to wind speed. At wind speeds < 6 m s−1,
accumulation of TEPSML and CSPSML occurred, decreasing at wind
speeds of > 8 m s−1. Wind speeds > 8 m s−1 also significantly altered
the size distribution of TEPSML in the 2–16 µm size range towards
smaller sizes. The response of the CSPSML size distribution to wind
speed varied through time depending on the biogenic source of gels. Wind
speeds > 8 m s−1 decreased the slope of CSPSML size distribution
significantly in the absence of autotrophic growth. For the slopes of TEP and
CSP size distribution in the bulk water, no significant difference was
observed between high and low wind speeds. Changes in spectral slopes between
high and low wind speed were higher for TEPSML than for CSPSML,
indicating that the impact of wind speed on size distribution of gel
particles in the SML may be more pronounced for TEP than for CSP, and that
CSPSML are less prone to aggregation during the low wind speeds.
Addition of an E. huxleyi culture resulted in a higher contribution
of submicron gels (0.4–1 µm) in the SML at higher wind speed
(> 6 m s−1), indicating that phytoplankton growth may potentially support
the emission of submicron gels with sea spray aerosol.


Disclosed is a wall, ceiling or floor element for an assemblable of such elements building, especially in the form of a greenhouse, hot house or enclosure for plants or animals, wherein the wall, ceiling or floor element having a framed by a frame profile plate. The frame profile has a cross section having a rectangular base structure; an L-shaped recess in the region of one of the corners of the rectangular base structure for holding the plate such that the plate of the provided parallel to the L-shaped recess, the adjacent sides of the rectangular base structure is fixed to these; one each disposed on at least three sides of the rectangular base structure in the central region lateral recess and one each arranged at least two corners of the rectangular base structure in the corner region eckseitige recess, the recesses for defining further wall, ceiling or floor elements by means of separate, into the recesses are engaging fasteners. The invention further relates to a building with such elements, as well as a kit for the construction of such a building.


This chapter focuses on first generation individual attrition from the point of view of the Interface Hypothesis (IH), which proposes that structures at the interface between syntax and other cognitive domains, such as pragmatics, are more likely to undergo attrition than structures that do not involve such an interface, and discusses recent research that provides evidence of the selectivity and reversibility of individual first language (L1) attrition. This research provides supporting evidence for the IH as it reveals that attrition affects structures at the syntax-pragmatics interface but not structures requiring the satisfaction of semantic conditions. This chapter also reviews research that supports Sorace's (2011, 2016) proposal that individual L1 attrition affects only the ability to process interface structures but not knowledge representations, as it reveals that attrition only affects online sensitivity with structures at the syntax-pragmatics interface rather than causing a permanent change in speakers' L1 knowledge representations.


Simulation is extensively utilized for studying complex physical systems. The complexity and size of simulation models for physical systems is steadily increasing, and the requirement of real-time speed has become mandatory. This has led to a growing interest in the use of either shared-memory multiprocessors or massively parallel computer systems to support parallel simulation. The attainment of maximum speed-up is the goal and reward for this new generation of simulation technology.
In the past decade, much attention has been focused on developing methods for parallelizing a discrete-event simulation. There are several means of accomplishing this goal. Two orthogonal strategies, the temporal parallelism approach and the spatial parallelism approach, are the basis for most of these parallelizing methods. A fundamental goal of this thesis is to develop a "distributed concurrent simulator" that combines the temporal and spatial approaches to exploit both time and space parallelism in a simulation run.


Numerous types of genomic markers have been used to resolve recalcitrant nodes, yet their relative performance and congruence have rarely been compared directly. Using target-capture sequencing, we obtained more than 12,000 highly informative exons and introns, including ∼600 UCEs to address long-standing systematic problems in Southeast Asian Golden-backed frogs of the genus complex Hylarana. To reduce gene tree estimation errors, we filtered the data using different thresholds of taxon completeness and parsimony informative sites (PIS) in addition to using the best-fit models of DNA evolution to estimate individual single-locus gene trees. We then estimated species trees using concatenation (IQ-TREE), summary coalescent (ASTRAL), and distance-based methods (ASTRID). Topological incongruence among these methods and variation in nodal support were examined in detail using a suite of different measures including quartet frequencies, bootstrap, local posterior probabilities, gene concordance factors, and quartet scores. Results showed that high levels of incongruence were present along the backbone of the phylogeny, specifically surrounding short internodes. We also demonstrated that filtering data by PIS was more efficacious at improving congruence compared to filtering by missing data, and that exons were more sensitive to data filtering than introns and UCEs. Despite utilizing more than 6.9 million characters and 2.7 million PIS, analyses failed to converge on a single concordant topology. Instead, exons, introns, and UCEs produced genuinely strongly-supported yet conflicting phylogenetic signals, which affected our phylogeny estimates at different scales/levels—indicating a general, potentially alarming challenge for phylogenomics inference employing many of todays massive datasets. Additionally, bootstrap values were consistently high despite low levels of congruence and high proportions of gene trees that support conflicting topologies, indicating that traditional bootstraps are likely poor measures of congruence or branch support in large phylogenomic datasets, especially during instances of rapid diversification. Although low bootstrap values do ostensibly reflect low heuristic support, we recommend that high bootstrap support obtained from large genomic datasets be interpreted with caution. Additional complimentary measures such quartet frequencies, gene concordance factors, quartet scores, and posterior probabilities can be useful to provide a more robust and accurate representation of bipartition certainty and ultimately, evolutionary history of incompletely resolved or poorly-understood clades.


The invention relates to a landrace breeding method. The method comprises the following processing steps: (1) castrating piglets; (2) weaning the piglets; (3) when the pigs are 60-120 days old, feeding the pigs with a feed containing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of pumpkin powder, 4.5 parts of bone powder, 11 parts of soybean cakes, 3 parts of red beans, 9 parts of rape seed cakes, 15 parts of brewer's grains, 2 parts of duck blood powder, 7 parts of vinegar residues, 5 parts of barley powder, 0.01 part of compound vitamin, 0.02 part of compound amino acid and 0.01 part of compound trace elements; (4) when the pigs are older than 121 days, feeding the pigs with other compound feeds. The method has the beneficial effects that the growth rate of the landrace can be further increased and the health care value of the pork can be improved by using different feeds and processing modes in the growing period of the landrace.


Objective To observe early morphologic and functional remodeling in left ventricle by ~(99)Tc~m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile(MIBI)myocardial imaging within 6 h in experimental acute myocardial in- tarction(AMI)dog model.Methods Twenty-four dogs were divided into operated(n=16)and pseudo- operated(n=8)group.In operated group,the main trunks of left anterior descending(LAD)coronary ar- teries were ligated under general anesthesia and AMI models were established.~(99)Tc~m-MIBI was given intra- venously with a close of 37~55.5 MBq/kg,~(99)Tc~m-MIBI myocardM imaging was performed with ADAC Ver- tex Dual-head SPECT.Eight dogs pseudo-operated served as controls.The first acquisition was started at [21.87±11.03(14~48)]min after ligation,then the following acquisition was kept for 6 h.Results Typical defects were found at the anterior walls and apexes of left ventricles in all dogs after LAD ligation, beginning with the first acquisition;global dilatation and distortion of left ventricles were also found.The QGS software quantitative data of end-diastolic volume(EDV)and end-systolic volume(ESV)in operated group[(48.73±12.74)and(32.57±8.10)ml]were significantly increased compared with pseudo-op- erated group'[(36.88±11.12)and(24.93±7.25)ml;t=5.24,3.50;all P0.01].There was no significant difference in the values of LVEF between the two groups[(33.64±6.05)% and(32.40± 9.20)%,t=0.95,P0.05].EDV and ESV were increased during the 6 h after ligation,while LVEF had no significant change.Conclusions Left ventricular remodeling may be visualized as early as 14 min after LAD ligation by ~(99)Tc~m-MIBI myocardial imaging;the changes of left ventricular morphology and func- tion occurre with time.Thereby ~(99)Tc~m-MIBI myocardial imaging is an effective method for studying left ven- tricular remodeling,and observation of ventricular injury progress with time.