This research is based on the hypothesis that teaching mother tongue language through epilinguistic activities provides the students with appropriation and autonomy regarding their uses of language. Thus, this method differs from the one based on the memorization of grammar rules and on the separation of grammar and textual production. Theoretically, the study is based on the Theory of Predicative and Enunciative Operations, created by Antoine Culioli. This theory considers the materiality of language, which means oral or written texts, as the unit of work for linguists, so we also understand that it should be the unit of work for teaching the language. From this conception, the dissociation between text, lexical, and grammar is not possible. The teacher's job is to propitiate intimacy with language to the students. Thereby language is brought into the classroom by epilinguistic activities. The aims of this research are: to determine the language operations and linguistics processes unleashed by the mark como; to identify the absence of reflexive work in traditional activities of teaching of conjunction and subordinate clauses, specifically regarding the mark como; to elaborate a model of class that serve as parameter for teaching by epilinguistic activities. To reach out these aims, our research was divided into two parts: one of analysis of statements according to the theoretical and methodological assumptions of TOPE and another of a practical work of teaching by epilinguistic activities. The statement analysis was done to find the invariance between the variance and the ambiguities created by the mark like. This invariance allows not just the variance, but the passage from one syntactic-semantic value to another. To develop the practical part, we worked with three classes of elementary school in Caçador/SC city: two classes were in the ninth grade of Nayá Gonzaga Sampaio School and one was in the sixth grade of Pierina Santin Perret School. Both schools were public. In one of the ninth-year classes, we performed activities that act on the epilinguistic level of the students, emphasizing the operations unleashed by the mark como. In the other ninth grade, we observed the methodology used in traditional teaching, which means based on the grammar rules and in its classification lists. The work realized with the sixth grade was also based on the epilinguistic activities and aimed to demonstrate the differences of proposing this type of method to kids and to teenagers. The statements analyzed were the same for the classes applied to the students, because the only way to prove our hypothesis is relating these two moments – theory and practice. Thus, the work with the mark como keeps the coherence of our research and allows the overcoming of the polarization between theory and practice in teaching. Therefore, we intend to prove that teaching by epilinguistic activities is more relevant and significative, because it enables the elaboration of an operative metalanguage to the students which provides them reflection and autonomy regarding the facts of the language.


This research develops a method through which a complex multi-physics problem can be simulated. It also deals with the interactions between incompressible fluid flows and immersed structures are nonlinear multi-physics phenomena that have applications to a wide range of Scientific and engineering disciplines. There are two equations namely Equation of Elasticity through which we get displacement and the other is Navier–Stokes equations which gives the flow velocity of fluid.


[Objective] The research aimed to promote the application of the fresh-food potato new variety Yunshu103.[Method]Using three factors and three levels of orthogonal design,the study of nitrogen,potassium amount and density of yunshu103 was carried out.[Result] Major factors impacting the yield of Yunshu103 were density and nitrogen amount,and the secondary factor was potassium amount.[Conclusion] The cultivation technology program with the best production and economic benefits of yunshu103 was density of 57 420 plants/ hm2,urea of 300 kg/hm2,and potassium sulfate of 600 kg/hm2.


Zr56.2Ti13.8Nb5.0Cu6.9Ni5.6Be12.5 bulk metallic glass composite containing in situ dendritic β‐phase is toughened by the slipping/twinning of dendrites and propagation prohibition of shear bands. After annealing, the yield strength and fracture strength of the composite increase together with a loss in plasticity. With the increase of annealing temperature, the twin crystals within the dendrites vanish gradually accompanied with the transition of β‐Zr to α‐Zr. The composite shows typical brittle fracture under the compressive condition after isochronal annealing during 583–613 K.


INTRODUCTION Clinical examination of intoxication due to alcohol or another narcotic can be defined as a method in which several simple tests which describe the operation of various psychomoto r s functions are utilized, a n d test results are Used for drawing conclusions about the degree of intoxication and used for medico legal and juridical purposes. During the past two decades less attention has been paid to clinical examination. This is obviously because it is in general accepted that the result of a clinical examination is dependent on so many different factors derived from the person to be examined, the examining physician and the examination method, that the examination result is, there fore, thought to be unreliable. The contro versial results obtained with a clinical examination and blood alcohol test and appearing repeatedly in practice (Rasch, 1969) are the strongest argument for these Complaints. T h e above-mentioned has also heen the obvious reason for the latest develop ment in numerous countries where one or ^wo fixed blood alcohol limit values are included in the legislation in order to make the medicolegal examination and punishment °f intoxicated persons more uniform. The same trend has also been character ise of recent literature in the field. Dur ing the forties and fifties much attention was Paid to various aspects of the clinical exami nation and the last review article by Elbel a n d Schleyer (1956) on this subject dates


Colour refinement is at the heart of all the most efficient graph isomorphism software packages. In this paper we present a method for extending the applicability of refinement algorithms to directed graphs with weighted edges. We use {Traces} as a reference software, but the proposed solution is easily transferrable to any other refinement-based graph isomorphism tool in the literature. We substantiate the claim that the performances of the original algorithm remain substantially unchanged by showing experiments for some classes of benchmark graphs.


It is important to characterize atmospheric behavior because most dioxins are released into the atmosphere and travel to other environmental media and biosphere through the atmosphere. The dioxins released to the atmosphere are present in the form of gas phase and particulate, and the gas phase moves in the form of dispersion equilibrium/ wet deposition into soil or water. The role of atmospheric monitoring is crucial in identifying local sources and movements. Since the Passive air sampler(PAS) is influenced by weather conditions (wind direction, wind speed, temperature) during the sampling period, the sampling rate may be different depending on the sampling point. In the case of PAS monitoring, it is aimed to identify the long-term average pollution situation in various regions rather than accurate concentration calculation. It aims to provide basic data for environmental management such as local emission source management by accumulating and sharing data continuously.


Web services based computing is currently an important driver for the software industry. While several standards bodies (such as W3C and OASIS) are laying the foundation for Web services security, several research problems must be solved to make secure Web services a reality. This paper describes techniques for Web services security and some of the challenges for the future.


Type 3c diabetes, also known as pancreatogenic diabetes, refers to diabetes resulting from pancreatic disease, including pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis and pancreatic cancer. It is difficult to diagnose, and for many, management is challenging due to erratic swings from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia caused by metabolic abnormalities due to pancreatic tissue damage. This review aims to describe the disease along with its characteristics, diagnosis, complications, and management.


The neutron-free reaction of proton-boron nuclear burning accompanied with the yield of three alpha particles (p + 11B → α + 8Be* → 3α) is of great fundamental and applied interest. However, the implementation of the synthesis of p +11B requires such extreme plasma parameters that are difficult to achieve at well-known schemes of controlled thermonuclear fusion. Earlier, the yield of DD neutrons in a compact nanosecond vacuum discharge (NVD) of low energy with deuterated Pd anode have been observed. Further detailed particle-in-cell simulation by the electrodynamic code have recognized that this experiment represents the realization of rather old scheme of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC). This IEC scheme is one of the few where the energies of ions needed for p + 11B reaction are quite possible. The purpose of this work on simulation of proton–boron reaction is studying the features of possible p + 11B burning at the IEC scheme based on NVD, thus, to look forward and planning the real experiment.


The purpose of this paper is to report on a computer implementation of the Risch algorithm for the symbolic integration of rational functions containing nested exponential and logarithms. For the class of transcendental functions, the Risch algorithm [4] represents a practical method for symbolic integration. Because the Risch algorithm describes a decision procedure for transcendental integration it is an ideal final step in an integration package. Although the decision characteristic cannot be fully realised in a computer system, because of major algebraic problems such as factorisation, zero-equivalence and simplification, the potential advantages are considerable.


Higher education in Germany enjoys the high reputation in the world.The "people-oriented" school thought and teaching idea are the core of the German higher education.The education in the German universities manifests the "people-oriented" school thought and teaching idea.


The invention discloses a switching circuit, which comprises a first connector, a first platform controller hub (PCH), a first basic input output system (BIOS), a diagnosis card and a switch circuit. The PCH comprises a first strapping pin and a second strapping pin. The diagnosis card comprises a second connector and a second BIOS. The second connector is plugged into the first connector. The second BIOS is used for outputting a high-potential control signal. The switch circuit is used for receiving the control signal sent from the second BIOS. When the switch circuit receives the high-potential control signal, the switch circuit outputs a high-potential switch signal to the first and second strapping pins of the PCH. When the switch circuit does not receive the high-potential control signal, the switch circuit outputs a low-potential switch signal to the first and second strapping pins. The switching circuit can be used for conveniently switching the first or second BIOS to start a main board, thereby bringing convenience to research personnel.


With the implementation of national strategy on the agricultural restructuring and the ecological environment construction,the livestock production has playing an important role on the national economy,which enhances the design and production of machinery used in pasture harvesting.This paper summarized the development of pasture industry,and the current situation and the main achievements in research on pasture harvesting machinery,put forward some strategies how to deal with the problems after analyzing the relationship between pasture industry,livestock production and machinery in both of them,and the developing opportunities.


The current study takes modern Mandarin as its research subject, and using the basic definitions of morphology provided in O'Grady and Dobrovolsky's book, focuses its discussion on the special characteristics of Chinese words with respect to morphology. Based on the definition of free and bound morphemes, this paper will examine the internal structure of Chinese words, define 'morpheme' and 'word', as well as touch upon the classes of morphological structure of Chinese terms. This paper will also examine the topic of Chinese wordhood. Since Chinese morphemes are mainly monosyllabic, and one free morpheme may form a word; the combination of two free morphemes can thus form either a phrase or a word. As such, it is not easy to ascertain whether this combination results in the formation of a compound word or a phrase. For several decades now, defining 'compound word' and 'phrase' has been a difficult task for linguistics studying Chinese linguistic. The current study is based on research regarding Chinese compound words carried out by Wang Li (1943), Chao Yuen-ren (1968) and Lu Zhi-wei (1957), and will analyze the change of meaning that occurs when morphemes are combined, in order to establish an index of Chinese wordhood. The methods for application of this index will also be discussed. Finally, this paper will discuss the relevance of defining the Chinese 'word', as it pertains to the composition of L2 Chinese teaching materials and teacher meta-knowledge, thus enabling this research to be integrated into the L2 Chinese classroom.


SINCE the medical profession has been urging the government to set up an inquiry into the state of the National Health Service (N.H.S.) it might have been thought that the announcement by the Prime...


This paper presents a solution for the Class Responsibility Assignment Case of the 2016 Transformation Tool Contest. The task is to assign features (methods and attributes with dependencies to each other) to classes and optimize a software metric called CRA-Index. The solution utilizes the rule-based design space exploration framework Viatra-DSE with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) and it extends the framework with a domain-speci c state encoder to identify similar solutions and to obtain better performance. Furthermore, it also uses a domain-speci c mutation operator and a slightly modi ed version of the provided transformation rule.


Objective
To investigate and analyze the demands of ethical review knowledge training among clinical investigators and determinants, thus to discuss countermeasures to optimize the training pattern of ethical review knowledge training among clinical investigators and to provide scientific evidence and proposals for training management.

Methods
A total of 366 clinical investigators from third-class and first-grade general hospitals in Beijing were surveyed by questionnaires according to stratified random sampling method based on the professional titles, and the results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0.

Results
There existed training demands of ethical review knowledgeamong clinical investigators. For investigators with primary and intermediate titles, knowledge training about informed consent process, subject safety and rights protection, and principles of privacy security were highly needed. The training patterns researched were mainly short-term training and lectures organized by administrative department of the hospital. Most investigators expressed that the primary influence factor of training was lack of time and effort.

Conclusions
Based on the results of the survey, the demands of ethical review knowledge training are analyzed and countermeasures to optimize and enrich current training patterns are discussed, to improve the efficiency of training and the recognition and knowledge of ethical review among clinical investigators.

Key words:
Clinical investigator; Ethical review knowledge; Training demand


The key aspects and features of what the Internet is all about and its benefits and advantages are discussed. The advantages offered by the Clearinghouse for Subject-Oriented Internet Resource Guides as a general guide for engineers and several specializations are highlighted.


High-order cumulants and high-order spectra play an important role in the theory of stationary processes. For nonlinear processes, it is quite challenging to develop an asymptotic theory for their estimators. This paper presents a systematic asymptotic theory for estimators of high-order moments for a general class of stationary processes, using the framework of functional dependence measures. In particular, we prove the asymptotic normality of the estimators and establish a uniform convergence rate. We also provide a sufficient condition for the summability of high-order cumulants. Based on the latter, we prove consistency and asymptotic normality of the third-order spectra or bispectrum estimators under mild and easily verifiable conditions.


Despite considerable efforts to unravel the role of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in neuronal functions, the mechanisms by which PrPC takes part in the homeostasis of a defined neuronal phenotype remain poorly characterized. By taking advantage of a neuroectodermal cell line (1C11) endowed with the capacity to differentiate into serotonergic (1C115‐HT) or noradrenergic (1C11NE) neurons, we assessed the contribution of PrPC to bioaminergic cell functions. We established that in 1C11‐derived neuronal cells antibody‐mediated PrPC ligation triggered tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α release, through recruitement of the metalloproteinase TNF‐α converting enzyme (TACE). TNF‐α shed in response to PrPC acts as a second message signal, eliciting serotonin (5‐HT) or norepinephrine (NE) degradation in 1C115‐HT or 1C11NE cells, respectively. Our data thus introduced TNF‐α as a PrPC‐dependent modulator of neuronal metabolism. Of note, we previously reported on a control of neurotransmitter catabolism by 5‐HT2B or α1D autoreceptors in 1C11 bioaminergic neurons, via the same TACE/TNF‐α pathway (Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1091, 123). Here, we show that combined stimulation of PrPC and these two bioaminergic receptors add their effects on neurotransmitter degradation. Overall, these observations unveil a novel contribution of PrPC to the control of neuronal functions and may have implications regarding dysfunction of the bioaminergic systems in prion diseases.


Relative to other social scientists, political scientists seem disengaged from the political world outside the academy. In this article, I suggest that this is regrettable, arguing that such service is beneficial both for scholarship and for society at large. I examine two such forms of outside service: writing for a blog and working in a political party. I examine the potential pitfalls and benefits from such service.


A new method for finding solutions of the nonlinear Shr\"{o}dinger equation is proposed. Comutative multiplicative group of the nonlinear transformations, which operate on stationary localized solutions, enables a consideration of fractal subspaces in the solution space, stability and deterministic chaos. An increase of the transmission rate at the optical fiber communications can be based on new forms of localized stationary solutions, without significant change of input power. The estimated transmission rate is 50 Gbit/s, for certain available soliton transmission systems.


[Objective]This study was to investigate the biomechanical factors of peri-prosthetic fractures where occur in proximal femur after a tumor-knee prosthesis arthroplasty,and investigate the feasibility of embracing for clinical treatment.[Method]The clinical results of 2 patients treated from July 2008 to January 2011 were analyzed.The 2 patients received open reduction and bone grafting to treat the peri-prosthetic fractures obscured in proximal femur after a tumor-knee prosthesis arthroplasty,and conducted regular follow-up to observe the situation of bone healing.Data were evaluated by MSTS limb function.Three-dimensional finite element models were established based on CT images.Three times of body mass load corresponding to the normal walking gait cycle(3km/h)was applied.The stress distribution in the femur model was analyzed.[Result]The position of peri-prosthetic fractures occur in proximal and the site of fracture were all spiral fracture.The bone healing time were 5-6 months.The limb function score was 25 points,27 points.Through the femur finite element analysis model,we found that high stress distributed by spiral-shaped in the tip of prosthesis.The type and the situation of fracture were same through clinical observation.[Conclusion]The reason of peri-prosthetic fractures in proximal femur after a tumor-knee prosthesis arthroplasty was mainly related with the high stress(pressure-based)distributed in the tip of femoral prosthesis.This stress distribution is spiral-shaped.Open reduction and internal fixation with embracing and bone grafting to treat peri-prosthetic fractures after a tumor-knee prosthesis arthroplasty of is a viable clinical treatment.


Abstract The vascular plant species at Corson's Woods, comprising 8.1 hectares, in Staten Island, New York, were sampled at monthly intervals from May 2008 to October 2011. The flora consists of 159 species in 124 genera and 57 families. The Poaceae, 10 taxa, was the largest family in the flora. Quercus, the largest genus, was represented by 5 taxa. Thirty four taxa, 21% of the flora, are not native to the region. Eight vascular plant species, rare in New York City, were identified including log fern, Dryopteris celsa, a species not observed on Staten Island since 1907. The woods are dominated by yellow poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera, sugar maple, Acer saccharum and sweet gum, Liquidambar styraciflua.


High activity alkaline protease was obtained when the enzyme was immobilized on Dowex MWA‐1 (mesh 20–50) with 10% glutaraldehyde in chilled phosphate buffer (M/15, pH 6.5). Activity yields of the protease and rennet were 27 and 29, respectively. The highest activities appeared at 60°C, pH 10 for alkaline protease and 50°C, pH 4.0 for rennet. The properties of both proteases were not essentially changed by the immobilization except that the Km values of both enzymes were increased about tenfold as a result of immobilization. Both proteases in the immobilized state were more stable than those in the free state at 60°C. Other peptide hydrolases, β‐galactosidase, invertase, and glucoamylase, were successfully immobilized with high activities, but lipase, hexokinase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, and xanthine oxidase became inactive.


This three-volume report describes the results of a survey of commercial building composition and energy use in three Northwest cities: Portland, Oregon; Seattle, Washington; and the Tri-Cities, Washington. This study provides the most comprehensive information now available on Pacific Northwest commercial buildings and their energy consumption. Findings of the surveys are emphasized rather than the methodology. This report presents a summary of the findings in textual form, with statistical findings in tabular form. Volume Two describes building equipment characteristics. This report adds significantly to the volume of information on the composition of Pacific Northwest commercial buildings and their energy use. It may also illuminate strengths and weaknesses of the methodologies. These insights should prove valuable in designing future commercial surveys, and in designing energy conservation programs for commercial buildings. 71 tables. (PSB)


Pakistan is among the two polio-endemic countries in the world and is still struggling to eradicate the poliovirus. Keeping in view the virus circulation the new communication strategy is specifically designed for the purpose to address all social values that cause refusing vaccination. It stresses the role of communication in building trust and strong bonds between the community and health workers. Communication is thought to be the basic pillar of the successful implementation of polio campaigns. This study is designed to review and analyze the sources of information regarding polio campaigns in district Dera Ismail Khan and the effectiveness of interpersonal communication in changing attitudes towards polio vaccination. A sample of 20 years and above was selected through a convenient sampling technique. The researcher used a closed-ended questionnaire to collect data. The result of the study suggests health workers/polio workers remain the main source of information regarding polio campaigns and local leaders shape a more positive attitude towards polio vaccination as compared to mass media.


In order to investigate the possible causes of premature thermal breakdown and performance degradation, several diagnostic techniques have been employed during the vertical tests of the Fine and Large Grain ESS Medium Beta prototypes cavities. The whole equipment, which includes second sound, fast thermometry, photodiode x ray detectors and external NaI scintillator and proportional counter, is here described and the results so far obtained during the vertical tests presented.


This presentation will describe new strategies for amperometric biosensing of phenolic compounds. The class enzyme tyrosinase is employed in connection with these biosensing schemes. The enzyme can tolerate the high temperature of screen-printing/drying processes used for fabricating disposable sensor strips. In addition to single-use electrodes, we will describe the characteristic of a remote enzyme electrode for field monitoring of phenolic compounds. Finally, a novel bioamplification scheme for enhancing the sensitivity of phenol biosensing will be reported.


The accuracy of DFT methodology on modeling isotropic hyperfine coupling constants (hfccs or aiso) of conjugated radical cations containing 14N nucleus, intermediates involved in many biological and chemical processes, is investigated. A set of 222 hfccs, belonging to 50 radical species, are computed at the following levels of theory: PBE0/N07D, B3LYP/6-31G*, B3LYP/N07D, B3LYP/TZVP, and B3LYP/EPR-III, and compared to the available experimental values. In general, these five combinations of methods and basis sets estimate aiso(1H) in good agreement with experimental data. Conversely, selection of the basis set is of fundamental importance for accurate prediction of the 14N hfccs. A thorough analysis of the computed data allows us to establish that the best functional/basis set combination for obtaining accurate nitrogen coupling constants in conjugated radical cations is PBE0/N07D//B3LYP/6-31G*, which provides values with a discrepancy smaller than 1.5 G for most of constants. The model has been successfully tested on the calculation of 14N hfccs for different radical cation derivatives of syn-1,6:8,13-diimino[14]annulene, which is a highly demanding test because the strong experimental change in the aiso(14N) values critically depends on the local geometry of the diimino fragment which is function of the polymethylene chain length. Furthermore, a whole analysis of the computed structural parameters, NBO and distribution of the spin density of these annulene radicals has allowed to explain the huge increase of the aiso(14N) as well as their stability just for certain polymethylene chain length evidencing the formation of a N–N three electron σ bond.


William Lascheid, M.D., was in his early 70s when he and his wife, Nancy, retired from four decades of dermatology practice. The couple lived in the lap of retirement luxury in Naples, Fla., and had dreamed about the days when they'd be free to sleep in and spend sunny afternoons by the pool.


Patients who receive a kidney transplant from an HLA incompatible live donor show significantly better survival than those who wait for transplants from compatible deceased donors or who remain on the transplant waiting list, a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine has found.1

Many patients who need kidney transplantation have anti-HLA antibodies. This can make it difficult to find a deceased kidney donor because the donor's HLA type needs to match the recipient's. Experts have reported promising findings with …


The associations are important to support farmers who wish to trade on agroindustrial systems, playing a coordinating officer role. Due to the increasing number of associations in the agroindustrial system of specialty coffee in Brazil, demand is created by studies that describe the role of these associations in support of the business of its members. It has developed as a general goal, describe and analyze the role of a growers association in supporting the business of Brazilian producers of specialty coffees. We conducted a case study that examined both the influence of the actions of this association in the affairs of its members as externalities generated to Brazilian producers of specialty coffees. It appears that the organization studied is evidence of an important coordinating officer to support businesses in agribusiness systems. The findings of the study ratify the theory that this type of organization contributes to the buildup of trust among partners, lessens information asymmetry and reduces transaction costs.


Of Chorazin it may be said truly we know no more than can be gathered from the scanty references in Matt. 11:21 and Luke 10: 13. It was one of the spots near the Lake of Galilee favored by the teaching of Jesus; it was not far from the associated cities of Capernaum and Bethsaida, and it may be seen that like them it was an important Jewish center in those days. The early Christian writers, Eusebius and Jerome, describe Chorazin as two Roman miles from Capernaum, but the latter introduces an element of difficulty in stating' that it was upon the shore of the lake. This cannot however be intended as a strictly geographical description, for he says the same of Bethsaida which, if at et Tell, was at least as far from the lake itself as Chorazin. There is no possible ruin by the lake side which can be identified as that of Chorazin, while at Khurbet Kerazeh, in an extensive ruin including the remains of a large synagogue some two miles north of Tell Hfim, we have manifestly the Arabic equivalent of the ancient name.


The dynamics of cam drive dispensing systems is considered. Based on the proposed structural-functional and calculated schemes and some hypotheses mathematical model of the dispenser dynamics was generated as a solid electro, hydro, mechanical system with interrelation of its elements. Calculation of dynamic characteristics of dispensing process was performed in special application designed at Matlab software with Runge-Kutta method of order 4 and 5 under the Dormand and Price scheme. Evaluate of kinematic and force dosing system characteristics with defined polynomial law of executive part motion is represented as an example. Calculated results are shown as tables, pictures, charts. As a result, the law of executive part motion provides smooth growth efforts and pressure in the dispenser chamber. The proposed mathematical model and software system allow a directed study of the dynamics of systems with batching cam drive.


Tang Xianzu's Handan Dream is a picture of true life that includes the intellectuals' experience.The work shows people's pursuit on marriage,career,children and life which reflect the greedy nature,and describes the intellectuals' dilemma in their political career and hesitation faced with the unreal desire and the real life,which presents the writer's thinking and understanding of that time.The drama is affected by the atmosphere of hedonism and the political situation in the later Ming time.


MicroRNA-126 was involved in angiogenesis during physiological and pathological process. It was mainly expressed in endothelial cells, and defined as a pivotal biological molecule associated with vascular disease. Increased microRNA-126 in endothelial cells promotes angiogenesis in ischemic stroke, repairs impaired endothelial cells in atherosclerosis, and attenuates vascular dysfunction in diabetics. By contrast, microRNA-126 transferred from endothelial cell to smooth muscle cells could lead to proliferation that induced intimal hyperplasia. Additionally, microRNA-126 could be a tumor suppressor or an oncogene, which was depended on the cancer type. In this review, we summarized the function of microRNA-126 in ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, diabetics, tumor, and discussed the underlying mechanisms.


Autosacrifice as the ritual extracting of one's own blood was one of the most ancient and important cultural acts in ancient Mesoamerica.1 It is documented at least from about 1200 B.C. onwards, first through the discovery of bloodletting instruments in private and public dwellings, later by depictions of bloodletting rituals and finally through texts, especially those concerning the Aztecs. It has been commented upon by almost every scholar dedicated to Mesoamerican religions but specific studies are scarce, the main ones being an article written by Zelia Nuttall 2 at the turn of the century and a more extensive contribution of Cecelia Klein's.3 The present article, mainly based on written sources on regions or cities belonging to the Aztec empire, presents the available data and possible interpretations of relevant myths, rituals and instruments and their symbolism.4 It is part of a more comprehensive study of Aztec human sacrifice.


A formulation of a component mode synthesis (CMS) free-interface method is presented and tested on different examples of unforced nonclassically damped systems with symmetric mass, stiffness, and damping matrices. Excellent agreement of the results with the exact ones (unsubdivided systems) is obtained. The selection procedure for component eigenvectors (modes) has been generalized from the undamped system case to the damped one. A new approach (method of weak springs) is developed to treat unconstrained components. The case of periodic force excitation is considered and a modal analysis technique is developed in which system eigenvectors calculated by the CMS method are used to obtain the forced steady-state response of the system.


Abstract The earthquake prediction released by USGS in 1985 to the public stated that there was an M w6.0 earthquake occurring in the Parkfield area by January 1993 with a 95% chance. This prediction has proved unsuccessful. Some researchers analyzed the reasons for the failure of the prediction on the basis of statistics. In this study, we explored this problem by means of b-value and the Earth's rotation-correlated seismicity. The results show that an increasing trend in b-value occurred prior to May 1992 and a decreasing trend with a relative decrease of more than 35% from June 1992 to early 1999. In several years before the 2004 M w 6.0 Parkfield earthquake, the b-value remained stable at the lowest level. A significant correlation between seismic activity and Earth's rotation occurred only when the 2004 mainshock was approaching. It has been well- known that when a stressed focal medium is approaching failure due to action of a critical stress, the focal medium will reach a critical state. At this point, seismicity could be significantly correlated to Earth's rotation. So, significantly Earth's rotation-related seismic activity indicated that the focal medium in the Parkfield area was at a critical state. Since the decline in b-value corresponds to increasing stress and the significantly Earth's rotation-related seismic activity indicates the critical state of the focal medium, we suggest that two precursors are the decline (several years to more than a decade) in b-value and the significantly Earth's rotation-related seismic activity. These two precursors did not emerge during or before the 1985 Parkfield earthquake prediction period. Instead, they appeared preceding the 2004 M w 6.0 Parkfield mainshock. This may be the reason that the M w 6 Parkfield earthquake did not occurred till 2004.


In view of the current stage of highway construction detection status,the ideas of developing the design of personal digital assistant(PDA) system set up under the module installed and its main functions are introduced.Combination with PDA powerful computing and data processing and its portable feature,it will be the essential infrastructure of construction detection staff in the future.


ABSTRACT A study was made of the perceived success or failure of early field experiences prior to student teaching as perceived by cooperating teachers (CT) and field experience students (FES). Subjects were secondary school teacher education majors (n=145) and their cooperating teachers (n=34). Measures were taken of expectations, problems, and values over a period of nearly two years. Questions directed to the CTS concerned expectations they brought to the experience, problems they incurred in dealing with FESs, and help they received from the FESs. Field experience students were queried about expectations they brought to the experience and usefulness of the field experience as they decided about and prepared fora teaching career. A third question sought to determine ways in which the diverse perspectives of CTs and FESs hindered the development of a positive field experience. A comparison was made of responses to the questions, and major factors which emerged as significant were analyzed. Potential difficulties revealed by_responses are discussed in this paper and methods suggested for bringing diverse outlooks cloter together. Appended tables provide data on responses to Specific problem statements and comparisons of attitudes toward the experience. (JD)


Dendranthema grandiflourm 'My City' was developed from a cross cultivar at the Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services (GARES) in 2010. The cultivar 'My City' was initially derived from the cross in 2006 between 'Fabienna' as a seed parent, a pot chrysanthemum cultivar with pink single type, and 'Redwing' as a pollen parent, a pot chrysanthemum cultivar with red single type. The cultivar has single type flowers with red basal color (RHS Orange Red Group N34A) mix yellow petals (RHS Yellow Group 11A). Trials for evaluation was conducted from 2008 to 2010 for a selection of that cultivar, including a shading culture in spring and a retarding culture in winter. The natural flowering time of 'My City' was October 26th, and year-round flowering is possible by shading or retarding treatment. The diameter of flower is 56.4mm. Numbers of flowers per stem and petals per flower of 'My City' were 13.4 and 26.2, respectively. Its leaf color is green (RHS Green Group 138B) and plant height is about 20.1 cm. The line was named as Gyeongkyo 'B1-13' and phenotype was evaluated 2010 as a new cultivar. This cultivar is weak to white rust and consumer's preference of new pot chrysanthemum is high level than control. We expect that 'My City' has a great potential for year round cultivation and domestic market due to this cultivar has attractive flower color, reasonable plant height and vigorous branch growth.


A cute liver failure (ALF) is a catastrophic disease with a greater than 80% mortality rate once patients develop grade III or IV encephalopathy. Cerebral edema is the most dreaded complication and is the leading cause of death in patients with fulminant hepatic failure.1 In the United States, approximately 2000 cases of ALF occur annually.2 Despite recent advances in medical supportive therapy, such as monitoring intracranial pressure, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) remains the only definitive therapy for this syndrome.3 Although these are high-risk patients, survival after OLT for patients with ALF at 1 year exceeds 60%.4,5 Unfortunately, because of the crisis in organ availability, the waiting time for patients with ALF on a transplant list has steadily increased from 3.5 days in the late 1980s to approximately 8 days in the mid-1990s.4 Thus, the feasibility of performing OLT with cadaveric organs for all appropriate candidates with ALF has become increasingly problematic. This dilemma highlights the need for additional therapeutic options in the management of OLT. Treatment approaches that provide sufficient liver function to sustain life until a donor organ is available or the affected liver can regenerate are needed. Transplantation of isolated, allogeneic hepatocytes has been suggested as a therapeutic modality for the patient with ALF.6 The goal of hepatocyte transplantation (HT) in patients with ALF would be to supply sufficient hepatocyte mass to sustain life until either the liver recovers (which can take months) or a donor organ becomes available. This is an attractive concept because hepatocytes can be cryopreserved and made readily available on an as-needed basis. Administration of the hepatocytes is technically accomplished by infusion of the cells into the splenic artery using angiographic techniques or the portal vein through the transjugular approach. However, the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of this approach remains unknown in this ill patient population. In this issue of Liver Transplantation, Bilir et al present limited data from a phase I pilot study evaluating the safety and feasibility of HT for ALF in 5 patients who were not candidates for liver transplantation. Each patient received cryopreserved human hepatocytes that had been obtained from human livers procured but finally rejected for OLT. After HT, cyclosporine A immunosuppression was initiated. Although 2 patients died within 24 hours, the remaining 3 patients survived 14, 20, and 52 days. In the first 48 hours after HT, none of these 3 patients improved in their clinical status, which was attributed to the time period required for hepatocyte engraftment. After this period, the most striking result was an improvement in encephalopathy scores and prothrombin times. In these 3 patients, successful engraftment of the transplanted hepatocytes was identified by fluorescent in situ hybridization technology and/or pancytokeratin stains confirming the presence of donor cells in the recipient liver or spleen. Thus, this interesting pilot study adds to the efforts of others by showing (1) engraftment of transplanted hepatocytes in patients with ALF and (2) a potential clinical benefit for the recipients with improvements in encephalopathy. However, it must be emphasized that efficacy cannot be established in a phase I study, especially given a spontaneous improvement in up to 20% of patients with ALF. Because none of these patients survived, the study can also be viewed as showing the failure of this approach. HT is not without significant risks. Two of the 5 patients (40%) developed hypoxemia and infiltrates seen on chest radiograph after intraportal HT, resulting in increased oxygen requirements. The pathological correlates of these lung infiltrates were hepatocyte emboli, which obliterated smallto medium-sized vessels. Although no evidence for lung infarction was found macroscopically, even a temporary deterioration of lung function might affect the fragile balance between life and death in a critically ill patient and should be avoided. This complication did not occur in those who received hepatocytes through the splenic


Background:-Tuberculosis continues to be the one of the most important infectious cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Lungs are the portal of entry of M.Tuberculosis in the body. Lungs are the commonest site for tuberculosis disease. The disease in lungs varies from a small parenchymal lesion to disseminated disease. Aims and Objectives:-The objective of the study is to analyse the clinical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescent (10-19 years). As against younger patients in whom extra pulmonary tuberculosis (T.B) is seen, adolescent usually have pulmonary lesions with an adult pattern of presentation. Material and Methods:-It was a cross-sectional hospital based study with random selection study group. 138 adolescent patients visiting the OPD of RIMS, Ranchi hospital were included in the study. The gender of the patient, past history of tuberculosis, history of Koch's contact, sputum smear results, x-ray features and management were taken into consideration. Results: Out of 138 patients, 78 were girls and 60 were boys. All were between 10-19 years of age. Of all the 138 patients the x-ray features showed fibro-cavitory apical lesions in 58(42%) cases. 44(32%) were sputum positive and majority of them were girls. A significant number had history of Koch's contact. Conclusion: Adolescent females are more susceptible to pulmonary tuberculosis than males. Sputum smear positivity is found in a large proportion in adolescents. On radiology, adolescent have adult pattern of disease demonstrated by presence of apical cavitory lesions


Core–shell nanostructured Au–Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoreactors with 3–4 nm Au–Fe2O3 cores and microporous SiO2 shells were prepared by a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion method. In comparison with Au@SiO2, the obtained Au–Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoreactors showed a significant improvement in CO oxidation due to the strong interactions between Au and Fe2O3 in the cores.


The number of macroparticles increases dramatically during the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of an electron avalanche in high-pressure gas discharges, which always leads to a collapse of simulations. The use of macroparticle coalescing models dynamically decreases the number of macroparticles, but introduces computational errors destructing the conservations of momentum, kinetic energy, and phase-space distribution of the macroparticles. Two new macroparticle coalescing models for 3-D PIC simulations, namely, 2-to-1 and 4-to-2 models, are developed and presented here. Both the models classify macroparticles into eight groups in the velocity space and sort them separately according to the magnitude of the three velocity components. Numerical simulations show that the 4-to-2 model not only conserves the phase-space distribution of the macroparticles but also keeps the deviations of their momentum and kinetic energy at a very low level. The deviations even reduce when the total number of precoalesced macroparticles increases.


C. Cindy Fan, China on the Move: Migration, the State, and the Household, Routledge, New York, 2008, 204pp, ISBN: 978-0-415-42852-1 (hbk)


The monophyletic genus Chinavia Orian includes 80 species of which 18 are endemic to Brazil. The general morphology of the species allows the recognition of different groups of species, however, the monophyly and the phylogenetic relationships of those groups has not been investigated. We present here the first cladistic analysis involving species of Chinavia, with particular focus on the obstinata group, which currently includes 3 species: Chinavia difficilis, C. obstinata and C. napaea. Our results based on 40 morphological characters support the monophyly of the obstinata group and its relationship with other species of Chinavia. Diagnosis and a formal description of the obstinata group, as well as redescriptions and illustrations of each species, are given.


AbstractThe conductivity of copper II phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films with different crystal structures andmorphologies was evaluated by using a near-field microwave microprobe (NFMM) technique in thefrequency range of 4-4.5 GHz. CuPc thin films annealed at 200 °C and 350 °C showed the a- and yS-phasecrystal structures, respectively. Crystal phase structure and morphology of CuPc thin films werecharacterized by optical absorption spectra measurement, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electronmicroscopy methods. Conductivity measurements of CuPc thin films were done in the temperatures rangeof25-160 °C.


The magnetohydrodynamical instability of self-gravitating magnetized gaseous disks is investigated by means of a normal-mode analysis. The growth rates and eigenfunctions of unstable perturbations are obtained numerically. The perturbed disks are shown graphically. Self-gravitating magnetized gaseous disks, in general, suffer from two kinds of instabilities, the Jeans and Parker types. The former is driven by self-gravity and the latter by a nonuniform magnetic field


The three faces of the Pylonid are similar to one another but actually have obvious differences. Their similarities and obvious differences in dorsal, lateral, and apical views are the criteria for the author in species identification and redefinition of the Subfamilies Diplozonaria and Triplozonaria (6 species in all) and description of 7 new species .


Objective:  Chronic asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and impaired mucociliary clearance (MCC). We investigated baseline MCC and the acute effect of terbutaline in chronic asthmatics with sputum production while on long‐term treatment with salmeterol in combination with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).


In this paper we present a computer vision algorithm for building a human body model skeleton in an automatic way. The algorithm is based on analyzing the human shape. We decompose the body into its main parts by computing the curvature of a B-Spline parameterization of the human contour. This algorithm has been applied in a context where the user is standing in front of a camera stereo pair. The process is completed after the user performs a predefined initial posture for identifying her principal joints, and building the human model. Using this model, we solve the initialization problem of a vision-based markerless motion capture system of the human body.


I don't mean to be presumptious and imply that we are going to cover all of the many factors which affect ultrasonic measurements of fatigue cracks, as suggested by the title, but we will attempt to go over some recent work we have been doing at the Materials Lab in this area. We'll be talking about fatigue cracks and what variables, both regarding the fatigue crack itself as an entity and the ultrasonic inspection process, have a significant effect on the results, that are obtained. Disciplines Materials Science and Engineering | Structures and Materials This 3. flaw characterization is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ cnde_yellowjackets_1974/8 FACTORS AFFECTING ULTRASONIC WAVES INTERACTING WITH FATIGUE CRACKS Dennis M. Corbly Air Force Materials Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio I don 1 t mean to be presumptious and imply that we are going to cover a 11 of the many factors which affect ultrasonic measurements of fatigue cracks, as suggested by the title, but we will attempt to go over some recent work we have been doing at the Materials Lab in this area. We 1 11 be talking about fatigue cracks and what variables, both regarding the fatigue crack itself as an entity and the ultrasonic inspection process, have a significant effect on the results ,that are obtained. Theoretical Modeling We started out trying to design a simplistic model that would help us to understand the ultrasonic interactions with large fatigue cracks. A schematic of the model is shown in Fig. 1. We took a very simple picture of a three-layer system, modeling the crack as the thin intermediate layer. Several simplifying assumptions are implied. First, this is a one dimensional analysis with the layers being infinite planes in the x and z directions. Second, the ultrasonic energy input is normal to the thin layer and only longitudinal waves are considered. Third, it is assumed that the acoustic impedance analysis for energy partitioning is valid. Beam divergence, dispersion and attenuation are not included in this model. The prime interest in this theoretical study is the difference between the 11 Classical 11 continuous wave solution and the results for ultrasonic pulses of arbitrary shape. Through an interactive linear superpositioning process it was possible to generate the shape of the waveform reflected off the thin layer as a function of input shape, layer thickness and acoustic impedance ratio.


Microsatellite DNA, comprising short tandem repeated nucleotide sequences, is ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes. It offers unusual advantages, such as abundant polymorphisms, rapid and convenient analysis. Here, the polymorphism mechanism of macrosatellite DNA is introduced and the latest application of microsatellite is reviewed, including its mutations, relationship identification, analysis of population genetics, microsatellite mapping and so on.


In this report, we provide summary estimates, from publications and reports, of vaccine efficacy (VE) for the COVID-19 vaccines that are being rolled out on a global scale. We find that, on average, the efficacy against any disease with infection is 85% (95% CI: 71 - 93%) after a full course of vaccination. The VE against severe disease, hospitalization or death averages close to 100%. The average VE against infection, regardless of symptoms, is 84% (95% CI: 70 - 91%). We also find that the average VE against transmission to others for Infected vaccinated people is 54% (95% CI: 38 - 66%). Finally, we prove summary estimates of the VE against any disease with infection for some of the variants of concern (VOC). The average VE for the VOC B.1.1.7, B.1.1.28 (P1) and B.1.351 are 86% (95% CI: 65 - 84%), 61% (95% CI: 43 - 73%) and 56% (95% CI: 29 - 73%), respectively.


dent, authentic subjectivity. But this secularizing tendency leads Bunyan, as it leads Pilgrim, back toward enchantment, to theologies of incarnation that sustain allegory and propel the subject's quest. The Pilgrim's Progress thus suggests that willful enchantment and incarnational poetics can guide, even energize, the projects of secular modernity. For all its talk of history, the book does little historicizing. Its focus on poetics (as the title indicates) perhaps explains this minimal treatment, but grounding abstract concepts like time and enchantment in historical and material contexts would be helpful to readers. While the connections Crawford forges—between Plato and Augustine, Boethius and Skelton, Spenser and Bunyan, for instance—reflect skillful bridging, they at times border on anachronistic leaping, though always thought provoking. The best historicizing occurs in the Spenser chapter where Crawford explains why it is that allegory in England takes the shape it does in the 1590s. The Bunyan chapter is particularly enjoyable as it challenges the often simplistic and sometimes cursory treatment of The Pilgrim's Progress. Crawford's insightful readings of a wide range of literary and philosophical texts will be attractive to a large spectrum of readers, and each chapter offers fresh and compelling interpretations of its central sources. As such, the book promises to be one with which future scholarship on allegory must reckon and contend.


The New England Board of Higher Education (NEBHE) promotes greater educational opportunities and services for the residents of New England through a variety of programs and state services. Much has changed since NEBHE's founding: New technologies have transformed our workplaces, schools, and homes—and postsecondary education has become a required path to economic prosperity, social mobility, and civic engagement. Despite these dire demographic trends, each state's projected workforce will require an equal or higher share of workers with some postsecondary education than the rest of the country by 2020 due partly to the technological nature of the region's economy. Community colleges and their role in granting certificates and associate degrees are critical in states' abilities to meet these future workforce projections. Now is a critical time for researchers, policymakers and practitioners to share information and insight—our communities and economies would be better for it.


The invention discloses Na2O-CaO-SiO2 opaque glass, which consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 59 to 70 percent of SiO2, 6.0 to 10 percent of CaO, 16 to 24 percent of Na2O, 1 to 2 percent of Al2O3, 0.5 to 3 percent of K2O, 1 to 3 percent of MgO, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of P2O and 1.0 to 5.0 percent of ZrO. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the opaque glass, which comprises the following steps of: 1) mixing materials, wherein Na2O is replaced by Na2CO3 with equal molar weight and K2O is replaced by K2CO3 with equal molar weight; 2) heating the mixed materials in a furnace to the temperature of between 1,420 and 1,470 DEG C for melting, and keeping the temperature for 2.8 to 3.2 hours; and 3) pouring molten glass obtained in the step 2) into a mould for forming, and naturally and slowly cooling to room temperature to obtain the milky opaque glass.


The purpose of the article is to study the administrative and territorial changes and the process of renaming settlements in Kalmykia in the period from 1957 to 1977 from the standpoint of the public management aspect (reflected in regulatory and legal acts, documents of party bodies, in official correspondence, minutes of meetings). Methods and materials: Published legal and regulatory acts of Kalmykia for the specified period, collections of documents, data of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia were used as input for the article. Results and conclusions: Since the restoration of autonomy in 1957 and before the adoption of the new Constitution of the USSR in 1977, the administrative and territorial division of Kalmykia had undergone a number of fundamental changes. A kind of territorial rehabilitation of the Republic, though maybe incomplete, took place. One of the aspects of this process was renaming of some settlements through restoring to them their former national names. Administrative and territorial changes were also conditioned by management reforms in the USSR in the late 1950s – the first half of the 1960s. (consolidation and unbundling of rural areas), as well as by the development needs of new branches of agriculture.


A time-of-flight technique was used to measure angunlar distributions for the elastic scattering of neutrons from beryllium in the energy range from 2.6 to 6.0 Mev. Total neutron cross sections were also measured and the following nonelastic (total minus elastic) cross sections obtained: 2.60 Mev (0.27 plus or minus 0.13 barn). 3.50 (0.43 plus or minus (0.73 plus or minus 0.07). Differential cross sections were also obtained for the inelastic neutrons leaving Be/sup 9/ in the 2.43Mev excited state. integration of these angular distributions yielded the following inelastic cross sections: 3.50 Mev (0.23 plus or minus 0.04barn), 4.10 (0.25 plus or minus 0.04). and 5.00 (0.34 plus or minus 0.05). A continuous spectram of neutrons was observed which corresponds to the direct (n,2n) reaction and/or the excitation of the Be/sup 9/ level'' at 1.7 Mev. This continuum was found to have an angular distribution roughly symmetric about 90 deg . The 2.43-Mev state of Be/sup 9/ was found to decay by neutron emission to the ground state of Be/sup 8/ with a branching ratio of 12 plus or minus 5%. (auth)


UAV one kind of image processing system, comprising mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle is a digital camera, is attached to the unmanned aerial vehicle in an autopilot controller, and a computer means automatically fly a pre-loaded aircraft flight control file, an object file has flight polygon on a substrate by the plotted FIG produced, autopilot controller in order to plan a task provided as a series of flight path mower hysteresis pattern, to cover the target on the base map polygons, and control unmanned aerial vehicle to perform a mission, in the mission, the autopilot controller record multiple GPS / INS data and triggers a digital camera to take multiple shots several times, the multi photos based on the correction parameter to correct the digital camera to produce respectively corresponding to the plurality of GPS / INS data of a plurality of corrected picture; means for receiving a plurality of computers and a plurality of corrected picture GPS / INS data, and correction processing multiple pictures to use corresponding GPS / INS data and generate a plurality of projection photographs, and photographs by a knitting program of the knitted plurality projected photos to form a mosaic image.


Bread loaves and bread ingredients (wheat flours, salt, sugar, yeast and water) were randomly sampled from ten bakeries within Akure metropolis of south western Nigeria and analysed to determine their safety levels for human consumption with respect to trace metal contents. The trace metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd and Pb) were analysed in the samples using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results obtained revealed that toxic trace metals such as Cr, Cd and Pb were not detected in any of the samples. However, the levels of essential trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Mn had range of values in mg/kg: (0.039 – 0.091), (0.837 – 3.310) and (0.035 – 3.148); (0.056 – 0.091), (0.034 – 2.755) and (0.054 – 1.054) in the wheat flours and bread samples analysed respectively. This study revealed that the bread ingredients and loaves of bread sampled contained essential trace metals at levels that could not threaten the health of consumers over prolonged regular consumption.


Port scanning is prevalent in today's Internet and often has m licious intent. Although many algorithms have been proposed for different aspects of the scan d etection problem, we have seen few system discussions in the literature. Furthermore, the few existi ng systems are designed for enterprise gateway level Intrusion Detection. Targeting the IP backbone, we pu t all the pieces together in an implementation of an online port scan detecting [19] and tracking system for high speed networks. We introduce our flexible architecture, discuss trade-offs and design choic es. Specifically, we go in depth to two design choices: the probabilistic counter selection and the buffe r size tuning. Our choice of a simple counter is validated through an empirical analysis of trace simulat ion. The buffer size is derived using Lyapunov drift techniques [13] and applying the Lyapunov theor em to solve an equivalent queuing model. Although the focus of the paper is not on the measurement resu lts of scanner tracking, we briefly summarize our key findings. Interestingly, the scanners' behav ior follows a 90-10 curve, for both active length of time and scanning rate. That is, 90% of scanners are active for a short time, with low scanning rates, while 10% are long term and fast scanners, with a few su per-scanners lasting the entire duration of monitoring.


This article reflects on the linkage between developments in symbolic interactionist theory over the past thirty years and the sociological study of the social construction of sexualities. After some personal reflections on the development of the theory, four main themes are highlighted: the links to postmodernism and queer theory; the paths to new research styles; some internal problems with the theory; and the need to reinstall the importance of the body. The article concludes that symbolic interactionism remains a major approach to the study of sexuality.


It is easy to lose perspective without an occasional rearward glance. It's true for individuals and entire disciplines. Today's gastroenterologists have little time to muse about the art's humble beginnings or the century of painstaking efforts that led to the development of our current diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal. Yet without a historical perspective we would be blind to the fact that some of the mainstays of modern dogma and therapy are as certain to be cast aside as the turn-of-the-century theories of auto-intoxication or the treatment of gastric ulcers by freezing or gastric irradiation. Dr Joseph Kirsner's The Growth of Gastroenterologic Knowledge During the Twentieth Century supplies this much-needed historical perspective. The book's 31 chapters are organized by organ system to cover the major advances that brought the field of gastroenterology to its current level. The chapters are authored by established experts offering remarkable insights into their areas. Many chapters


proportion. Credibility is given to the students by the involvement of the instructor, and the staff responds well to phone calls or site visits by the instructor. Also, the relationships developed between the instructor and staff can provide an on-going placement slot for future students. Finally, the evaluation of the program by instructors is most important to the agency. This is done informally throughout the semester and more formally at the end of the experience. The Volunteer Services Coordinator can make , adjustments in thevolunteer program to match the needs and recommendations of particular instructors and the different student referral sources. Beth Chipley


A voltage supply circuit includes a voltage generator and a controller. The voltage generator is configured to pump an externally input voltage and store the pumped external voltage as a first voltage having a set voltage level, before power-up begins, or pump the external voltage, add the pumped voltage to the stored voltage, and output the added voltage as an operating voltage. The controller is configured to output a first control signal to drive the voltage generator or stop operation of the voltage generator, according to an operating state.


Aiming at the characteristics of aviation search and maritime rescue, this paper means to study the mode of standardized aviation search and maritime rescue. Through the analysis of the capabilities and problems of aviation search and maritime rescue in China, we study the research and construction of ' maritime aerial aerospace ' all round three dimensional aviation search and maritime rescue system. By using this system, our intention is to build a platform for the central command and deployment. Meanwhile, by utilizing the advantage of all-round three-dimensional characteristic, we can maximize the search and rescue capability, extend the search and rescue scope, save the rescue time and improve the search and rescue effect. Aiming at the existing problems and characteristics of maritime search and rescue in China, this paper puts forward the construction planning route of the aviation search and maritime rescue system, and systematically improves the capability of maritime search and rescue in China through the comprehensive development of system optimization, equipment construction, education and training.


Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors of women with anemia during pregnancy. Materials and methods: This study was performed based on 100 pregnancies delivered during the years 2016 in Hind institute of medical sciences. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hg) lower than 11 g/dl during pregnancy. This test were estimated by hemoglobinometer. Result: Out of 100 pregnant women, 40 (40%) pregnant women were anemic and 60 pregnant women were non anemic (60%). Also, among these anemic pregnant women, majority (55 %) of these women were mildly anemic, whereas 35% were moderately and 10% were severely anemic. Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia was higher in the pregnant women at the second trimester (51.1%) and also at the 20-35 years age group (62.79%).


Dr. Elizabeth Petri Henske, M.D., of the Fox Chase Cancer Center inPhiladelphia, Pa., has been awarded the second annual Society for Women'sHealth Research Medtronic Prize for Scientific Contributions to Women's Health forher work in the field of sex differences research and women's health. Henskereceived $75,000 and an award statue at the Society for Women's HealthResearch's annual gala dinner on April 30, 2007. The prize was established to recognize a women scientist or engineer for hercontributions to women's health and encourage women to work on issuesuniquely related to women's health. To be considered, each nominee must be in themiddle of her career, have devoted a significant part of her work to this area, andserved as a role model and mentor for both colleagues and students. Henske's research is focused on the genetic and cellular mechanisms leadingto tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). LAM isan often-fatal lung disease almost exclusively affecting women. LAM has astronger female predisposition than lupus or breast cancer, and may have thestrongest biological sex predisposition of any human disease, except for diseases ofthe genital organs. Dr. Henske discovered that TSC2 mutations are a cause of LAMand demonstrated that LAM cells can migrate or metastasize to the lung. She iscurrently investigating the cellular and developmental origin of LAM cellsand the mechanisms through which female hormones such as estrogen may promotetheir growth and metastasis. The cellular pathways that are activated in tuberous sclerosis and LAM arealso activated in many forms of cancer, and in diabetes and obesity.Understanding the causes of LAM may, therefore, have a broad impact on other humandiseases. Henske is a tenured, senior member of the division of medical science at FoxChase. She also holds appointments at Temple University and DrexelUniversity. She earned her undergraduate degree summa cum laude from Yale University,where she majored in molecular biochemistry and biophysics, and her medical degreefrom Harvard Medical School. She was trained in Internal Medicine andOncology at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The prize winner is annually selected by an award jury of scienceprofessionals chosen by the Society for Women's Health Research, a Washington, D.C., basedadvocacy organization working to improve the health of all women throughresearch, education and advocacy. The prize is supported by Medtronic, Inc.,a world leader in medical technology providing lifelong solutions for peoplewith chronic disease. For more information on the Society for Women's Health Research, the prize or Dr. Henske, contact Karen Young, media relations coordinator, at202-496-5001 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


By studying the relationship between the permanent magnet synchronous generator speed and duty cycle of DC-DC converter, a tracking method is proposed to achieve maximum power point based on controlling the duty cycle of DC-DC converter. In view of the phenomenon of output power oscillation caused by duty cycle instability near the maximum power point, a method of changing step size of duty cycle is used. A model in Matlab / Simulinkthen is simulated to verify that this method may allow the wind generator to reach the maximum power point quickly.


This review describes the climate change–induced responses of the tropical atmospheric circulation and their impacts on the hydrological cycle. We depict the theoretically predicted changes and diagnose physical mechanisms for observational and model-projected trends in large-scale and regional climate. The tropical circulation slows down with moisture and stratification changes, connecting to a poleward expansion of the Hadley cells and a shift of the intertropical convergence zone. Redistributions of regional precipitation consist of thermodynamic and dynamical components, including a strong offset between moisture increase and circulation weakening throughout the tropics. This allows other dynamical processes to dominate local circulation changes, such as a surface warming pattern effect over oceans and multiple mechanisms over land. To improve reliability in climate projections, more fundamental understandings of pattern formation, circulation change, and the balance of various processes redistributing land rainfall are suggested to be important.


Summary The aim of investigation was to evaluate the effect of combined application of herbicides with microelements fertilization on the yield parameters of sugar beet roots. The combined application of herbicides with fertilizers on allows to save outlays, but may have a negative influence on the growth, development, yielding and qualitative parameters of sugar beet. The results of conducted trials indicated that combined herbicide protection and microelements fertilization did not significantly differentiate the yield parameters of sugar beet roots. The level of sugar content in roots was only slightly differentiated under the influence of the joint application of herbicide protection and microelements fertilization. No significant differentiation of sodium, potassium and α-amonium nitrogen content was stated under the influence of joint or separate application of herbicide protection and microelements fertilization.


The mechanism of electrocatalytic hydrogenation of benzene was investigated by electrochemical techniques——Rotating Electrode(RE),Cyclic Voltammetry(CV).Based on the experimental results and reasonable analysis,the following conclusions were drawn:benzene hydrogenation is a multi-step,irreversible and elelctrocatalytic process controlled mainly by diffusion on Pt and Hg electrodes.For electrochemical coupling of benzene hydrogenation and water electrolysis,the composite SPE electrode with optimum catalyst was applied.It was found that the process of benzene hydrogenation on SPE electrode was controlled by diffusion that was consistent with the behaviors of benzene on Pt and Hg electrodes,nevertheless the electrochemical hydrogenation voltage on electrode was different.


Objective To evaluate the curative effect of potassium magnesium aspartate on arrhythmia and heart function in valve replacement postoperative patients of rheumatic heart disease. Methods Two hundred and eighty patients with rheumatic heart disease were divided into 2 groups in random,with no statistical significance. Treatment group (n=155) were received i.v. potassium magnesium aspartate 40 ml every day and control group (n=125) were only given conventional therapy. At the same time they were given same treatment. Blood magnesium level,blood potassium levels,arrhythmia incidences and heart function were also observed. Results Blood magnesium and potassium levels of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group (P0.05) in the 1st and 2nd days postoperatively. Stroke volume (SV),cardiac output (CO) and ejection fraction (EF) of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group (P0.05). But there was no significant difference in the left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) between them. Cardiac arrhythmia incidence rate of the treatment group was fewer than that of control group after operation in 3 d after operation (P0.05). Premature ventricualr contraction,atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia event of the treatment group was fewer than those of control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the ventricular tachycardia,ventricle fibrillation and auricular flutter event between the 2 groups. Conclusion Potassium-magnesium aspartate is effective and safe to reduce premature ventricualr contraction,atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia event and to improve heart function for valve replacement postoperative patients of rheumatic heart disease.


THE NEW TAUBENLOCH ROAD LINKING BIENNE TO DELEMONT, COMPRISES TWO TWIN VIADUCTS, 1050 M LONG. THE STEEP GRADIENT OF THE SURFACING, WHICH REACHES A MAXIMUM OF 8.6 PERCENT, REQUIRED A WATERPROOFING COURSE BUILT OF A MATERIAL THAT DID NOT CREEP AT THE TIME OF LAYING AND THAT WAS SUFFICIENTLY RIGID TO WITHSTAND THE WEIGHT OF HEAVY VEHICLES. THE SOLUTION WAS TO LAY A 20 MM THICK WATERPROOFING COURSE OF GUSS ASPHALT CONTAINING NATURAL TRAVERS (SWITZERLAND) ASPHALT - THE COURSE WAS LAID ON A THIN FILM OF GLASS FIBRE. THE WEARING COURSE 30 MM THICK, IS MADE OF GUSS ASPHALT. THE NATURAL ASPHALT GIVES THE WATERPROOFING COURSE INCREASED FLEXIBILITY AND LOWER SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AGEING, IN SPITE OF THE GREAT COHESION OF THE MORTAR CONSISTING OF CRUSHED PARTICLES. THE FORMULAE SELECTED ARE BASED ON SWISS SPECIFICATIONS (SNV 640'492A STANDARD) FOR THE GUSS ASPHALT AND ON THE GERMAN SPECIFICATIONS (TV BIT 6/60 STANDARD). THE MATERIAL WAS MANUFACTURED IN A SPECIALLY DESIGNED MIXING PLANT AND TRANSPORTED IN A MASTIC ASPHALT MIXER. IT WAS PLACED BY MEANS OF AN ASPHALT FINISHER OF HIGH OUTPUT MOUNTED ON RAILS. THIS SOLUTION ENABLED THE WEIGHT OF THE STRUCTURE TO BE REDUCED BY 1800 TONS.


The effect of several additives, such as CaC2, CaO, Y2O3, and C, on thermal conductivity of hot-pressed AlN ceramics was investigated. The addition of CaC2 reductant was found to be useful for achieving high thermal conductivity of 180 W/(m·K) at room temperature. The characterization of AlN ceramics with CaC2 additive was performed by chemical analysis of Ca, C, and O and microstructural analysis using transmission electron microscopes equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer and an electron energy loss spectrometer. The major influence on high thermal conductivity is the disappearance of a thermal barrier caused by oxygen impurities at the grain boundary.


The aim of the research is to know the relation of teacher consultant and students' interest to be teacher with (PPL) field experience program achievement of economics accounting education students, FKIP UMS, in 2008 – 2009 academic year. The kinds of research is descriptive qualitative and population used is all Economics Accounting Education students, FKIP UMS, in 2008 – 2009 academic year totally 150 students. Sample taken is 105 by using random sampling technique. Data collection used are questionaire and documentation, while data analysis used doubled linear regression analysis technique. Doubled linear regression test (F test) and doubled linear regression coeficient test (T test), and then relative contribution and effective contribution computation were done. The research result showed that the role of consultant teacher and students' interest to be teacher have positive and significant influenced to PPL achievement, both partially or comulatively. Consultant teacher role variable gave effective contribution 23,60%. Students' Interest to be teacher variable gave contribution 32,30%. Totally effective contribution is 55,90%, while the rest is 44,10% was influenced by another variable.


The proper characterization of Hazardous, Mixed Low-Level, and Mixed Transuranic waste enhances productivity and safety. Hazardous material criteria that need to be considered include physical and health hazards inherent to the waste stream. Other factors that may influence characterization include: particulate diameter, complexing or chelating agent properties, lead, and mercury content, pressurized containers, and P-listed wastes. To meet these requirements are only a simple matter of generating a database with the proper fields. Manufactures and institutional databases bank huge sources of information, such as, work control documents, substance identification, container types, components of mixtures, physical property data, and regulatory data. In this report, utilization of commercially available software programs to take advantage of these resources in addressing waste characterization issues are presented. The application of user-friendly programs eliminates part of the tediousness associated with the complex requirements of certifying to general waste acceptance criteria with minimal impact on programmatic work. In other words, tapping into manufacturer and institutional database provides a way to take advantage of the combined expertise of these resources in managing a cost effective waste certification program as well as adding a quality assurance element to the program.


Autonomously training interpretable control strategies, called policies, using pre-existing plant trajectory data is of great interest in industrial applications. Fuzzy controllers have been used in industry for decades as interpretable and efficient system controllers. In this study, we introduce a fuzzy genetic programming (GP) approach called fuzzy GP reinforcement learning (FGPRL) that can select the relevant state features, determine the size of the required fuzzy rule set, and automatically adjust all the controller parameters simultaneously. Each GP individual's fitness is computed using model-based batch reinforcement learning (RL), which first trains a model using available system samples and subsequently performs Monte Carlo rollouts to predict each policy candidate's performance. We compare FGPRL to an extended version of a related method called fuzzy particle swarm reinforcement learning (FPSRL), which uses swarm intelligence to tune the fuzzy policy parameters. Experiments using an industrial benchmark show that FGPRL is able to autonomously learn interpretable fuzzy policies with high control performance.


The Use of Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Guide Asthma Management, A Randomized Controlled Trial; D. E. Shaw, M. A. Berry, M. Thomas, et al. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2007;176: 231–237. Background. The contemporary guidelines for asthma suggest adjusting anti-inflammatory therapy based on the outcomes of pulmonary function tests and symptom evaluation, neither of these being well correlated with airway inflammation measurements. Objectives. The authors' goal was to evaluate the hypothesis that titrating corticosteroid therapy, using the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentration, would lead to a decrease in asthma exacerbations and a more effective utilization of corticosteroids. Their results were compared with conventional management, using pulmonary function and symptom assessment data. Methods. The study population included 118 individuals with asthma over the age of 18 years who were seen at general practices in Leicester, United Kingdom. A single blind randomized trial of corticosteroid therapy was administered, based on either FeNO measurements or the British Thoracic Society Guidelines on spirometry and symptom assessmentthe conventional method. Individuals were evaluated monthly for 4 months and then every 2 months for a total of 8 visits. At these visits, the individual asthma control was determined by the Juniper Asthma Control Questionnaire. The primary outcome was the number of severe asthma exacerbations experienced. Results. The estimated mean exacerbation frequency was 0.33 per patient per year in the FeNO group and 0.42 in the control group. Overall, the FeNO group used 11% more inhaled steroids, although the final daily dose of inhaled steroid was lower in the FeNO group. Conclusions. The authors concluded that a therapeutic strategy for asthma that was determined by measurement of exhaled nitric oxide did not lead to a significant reduction in asthma exacerbations or in the total consumption of inhaled corticosteroids used over 12 months, when compared with conventional asthma guidelines. The authors conclude that FeNO is an imperfect determinate of airway inflammation. Reviewer's comments. This study was underpowered. The authors used a two-tiered algorithm as opposed to a more sensitive three-tiered algorithm as used in previous studies that were successful in showing that FeNO monitoring reduced asthma exacerbations. Their findings, however, are consistent with two recent studies, neither of which found a significant reduction in exacerbations with FeNO directed management. The fact that FeNO -guided management does not appear to impact on exacerbation frequency makes it unlikely that FeNO is identifying key aspects of the inflammatory responses that are important in the pathogenesis of asthma. At this point, fractional exhaled nitric oxide is not ready for prime time as a monitoring device for chronic asthma. Christopher Randolph, MD


Address for Correspondence: Sakkarai Jayagandhi, Department of Anatomy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry – 605014, India. Phone: +91 –9894257906 E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament is frequently injured ligament of the knee. It divides into anteromedial and posterolateral budles attached into tibia and femur. This study aimed to measure the length and width of two bundles of ACL separately to observe the morphormetrical difference. Since single or double bundle ACL reconstructive surgical procedure are commonly used by orthopaedic surgeon, our study may help them in hamstring or tendon graft procedures. Material and Methods: The Cadaveric study was conducted in the department of Anatomy at Pondicherry institute of Medical sciences, Pondicherry from December 2015 – May 2016. Randomly selected thirty cadaveric was included for the study and knees with ACL tear; macroscopic degenerative changes or any evidence of trauma was excluded from the study. The data was presented as frequencies and proportions, mean and standard deviations. Statistical significance (p value) was considered at 0.05 levels. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in transverse diameter. We observed P value of transverse diameter of anteromedial bundle at tibial attchment (0.01) and (0.05) in anteroposterior diameter of posterolateral at tibial and in middle (0.04) showed a statistically significant increase in transverse diameter. Conclusion: ACL tears are managed surgically by a double bundle or single bundle ACL reconstruction technique. Recently, the anatomic double bundle ACL reconstruction has been found to be better in restoring the intact knee function compared to the conventional single bundle surgery when done perfectly. So our study of morphometric measurements of ACL can help the surgeons during accurate tendon graft procedure of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgeries.


In order to identify the factors leading to improve prognosis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater following pancreatoduodenectomy, 22 patients were allocated to the 3 following groups; group S (died within one year), group M (lived over one year and died within 3 years), and group L (live over 3 years).Many patients in group L had protruding type of tumor and/or no jaundice. Simultaneous analysis of direct cholangiograms and hypotonic duodenograms was considered to be useful in predicting the prognosis and in selecting the operative method. The prognosis was strongly affected by the factors of pancreatic invasion and lymph node involvement; these factors were negative in almost all of the patients in group L, while positive in group M and S, and especially in the latter. Although there was no difference in histological type of the tumor, incidence of vascular invasion was higher in group S compared to group L. These findings indicate that systematic R2 dissection of lymph node is essential for the case preoperatively diagnosed by simultaneous analysis as group L. In the case that pancreatic invasion or lymph node involvement is suspected or apparent by operative findings, extended dissection of lymph node including neural plexus is needed, and especially in the case of pancreatic invasion, chemotherapy and radiation therapy should be also taken into consideration.


Results from kinematic solar dynamo models employing α -effect and turbulent pumping from local convection calculations are presented. We estimate the magnitude of these effects to be around 2–3 m s–1, having scaled the local quantities with the convective velocity at the bottom of the convection zone from a solar mixing-length model. Rotation profile of the Sun as obtained from helioseismology is applied in the models; we also investigate the effects of the observed surface shear layer on the dynamo solutions. With these choices of the small- and large-scale velocity fields, we obtain estimate of the ratio of the two induction effects, Cα/CΩ ≈ 10–3, which we keep fixed in all models. We also include a one-cell meridional circulation pattern having a magnitude of 10–20 m s–1 near the surface and 1–2 m s–1 at the bottom of the convection zone. The model essentially represents a distributed turbulent dynamo, as the α -effect is nonzero throughout the convection zone, although it concentrates near the bottom of the convection zone obtaining a maximum around 30° of latitude. Turbulent pumping of the mean fields is predominantly down- and equatorward. The anisotropies in the turbulent diffusivity are neglected apart from the fact that the diffusivity is significantly reduced in the overshoot region. We find that, when all these effects are included in the model, it is possible to correctly reproduce many features of the solar activity cycle, namely the correct equatorward migration at low latitudes and the polar branch at high latitudes, and the observed negative sign of BrBϕ. Although the activity clearly shifts towards the equator in comparison to previous models due to the combined action of the α -effect peaking at midlatitudes, meridional circulation and latitudinal pumping, most of the activity still occurs at too high latitudes (between 5° … 60°). Other problems include the relatively narrow parameter space within which the preferred solution is dipolar (A0), and the somewhat too short cycle lengths of the solar-type solutions. The role of the surface shear layer is found to be important only in the case where the α -effect has an appreciable magnitude near the surface. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In the production of a gas turbine engine blade in titanium alloy, the molten alloy is cast in a mold made of a material that does not react with the alloy. The mold is formed of yttrium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. An independent claim is included for the production of a mold tool.


The government's credibility and the legality of government was positively related,but the credibility of our government continue to show weakening trend in recent years,mainly social conflicts during the special period,the exercise of public power and lack of transparency,corruption,administrative authority and supervision of external imbalance and other cause.Enhance the credibility of government to foster good government executive administrative character,strengthen administrative sense,to administrative information disclosure as a breakthrough in fostering a public interest as the starting point of the basic service concept.


The milk price has a major effect on the profitability of dairy farming. Dairy farmers, however, do not control the milk price and are therefore price takers. Milk buyers determine the milk price and different milk buyers have different systems to calculate their milk price. This means farmers should be aware what factors they take into account. In most cases, milk volume, somatic cell count and bacterial count affect the milk price. In addition, milk buyers who process milk often pay per kilogram of milk fat and/or protein.


To improve diagnostic informativity of AR gene mutation analysis in patients with AIS, we recommend to include novel identified missense mutation c.2507T>G in the list of AIS‐causing mutations.


In the developing countries along with formal public transport network (FPTN), informal public transport network (IPTN) also plays an integral role by achieving high public transport ridership. IPTN caters effectively to the user's expectations and appears to be highly integrated with urban fabric. IPTN either complements or compete with the existing FPTN, even though due credit is not given to IPTN and considered as unlawful entities. Efficiency and robustness of transport network is based on topological structure of network. To summarize which network is more efficient and robust, the study tests the network parameters of formal Public Transport Network and Informal Public Transport Network of Nagpur (India). A topological measure of network structure has tested based on elementary concepts of graph theory. We explore the network structure and their properties. The practical significance of the network parameters was then analysed. In the IPTN the degree of small-worldliness is smaller, as compared to FPTN, indicative of IPTN being more robust as compared to FPTN. This study provides an approach to understand the efficiency of an Informal public transport network in combination with Formal public transport network. The article identifies the importance of Informal public transport network to improve the Complementarity with the formal public transport network. Integrating formal and informal transportation network into a hybrid network has the potential to induce the desired relationships amongst FPTN and IPTN, i.e. competing or complimenting nature to improve the overall efficiency of FPTN.


With aim of determining relationships among variables of educational leadership, characteristics of teachers and organizational health, this research has been carried out. Research methodology is of correlation type. Statistical universe consisted of the entire elementary schools in western part of Mazandaran province, numbering 347 schools out of which 200 schools were selected as sample volume. Also, sampling method was conducted by random stratified method. The main tool of data collection in this research was 3 questionnaires of educational leadership, characteristics of teachers and organizational health of Hoy et al, respectively. Questionnaire of organizational health has been stand,ard and of validity. Validity of made-by-researcher questionnaires of educational leader and characteristics of teachers was investigated through facial and structural validity. In order to calculate reliability, Cronbach alpha method was used, and questionnaires of educational leadership, characteristic of teachers and organizational health were computed to be 0.953 and 974, respectively. Causal relationships among the variables were tested through structural modeling and using the Lisrel 8.54 software. The obtained findings showed that characteristics of teachers have a positive and significant influence on the organizational health. Meanwhile, characteristics of teachers play a mediatory role in the effectiveness of educational leadership on the organizational health.


Interest on high RF power breakdown phenomena has been growing in recent years. Microwave vacuum devices are being used in space and on many terrestrial applications, where undesired multipactor effects can degrade their performance and features. Therefore, multipactor testing is advancing in several areas, and particularly in order to cover the gap between the classical single carrier scenarios to real world environment. Multicarrier and digital modulations also represent a challenge from the technical and regulatory point of view. This work presents the most recent advances on the multipactor testing, and describes a state of the art multipactor test bed used for navigation payload testing.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze the presence of the music of Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) at the Chamber Music Association of Barcelona (1913-1936). At the same time it is intended to compare the results of this research with the data we already hold from the twin society in Madrid: The Philharmonic Society (1901-1936), in order to provide new data on the history of Beethoven's reception in Spain in the first third of the twentieth century.


The comparison analysis on the two configuration of breakers and switch-fuse combination proves that the switch-fuse combination is better selection for 10 kV distribution transformer.Some faults that may appear in operation of switch-fuse combination are submitted with practical solutions.


Aim: To assessed refractive and biometric changes: spherical equivalent (SE) of refraction, keratometric values, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity (VA) after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. Materials and Methods: In total, 54 eyes of 54 glaucoma patient (21 male and 33 female, middle age 73,35 ± 6,9 years, 44 of 54 cases were pseudophakic patients) undergoing AGV implantation (model FP7, New World Medical Inc., CA, USA). Observation time: from April 2017 to October 2017 (6 months). Refractometry, keratometry, AL measurement, IOP, routine ophthalmological examination (Topcon KR 8800, IOL-Master 500 Carl Zeiss, iCare) were performed for each patient before tube implantation, on the 1st postsurgical day 1 month and 6 months after surgery. Results:AGV implantation causes mild hyperopic shift of refraction (SE) (from -0,26 ± 1,07 D to -0,13 ± 1,16, p > 0,05) 6 months after tube surgery. There was insignificant AL shortening (from 23,65 ± 0,98 mm to 23,57 ± 1,02 mm, p = 0,07) due to IOP lowering (from 24,40 ± 2,84 mmHg to 16,06 ± 3,30 mmHg, p < 0,0001). AL and IOP changes have mild but statistically significant positive correlation (R = 0,339, p = 0,03). There were no significant changes in corneal power (from 44,08 ± 1,06 D to 43,94 ± 1,21 D 6 months after surgery, p > 0,05) like no appearance of induced corneal astigmatism (from 0,98 ± 0,51 D to 1,00 ± 0,54 D 6 months after Ahmed valve implantation). Nevertheless, corneal astigmatism axis has significant bias from 88,62 ± 39,59 deg to 71,38 ± 41,52 deg (p = 0,03) 6 months after valve implantation. There was certain VA deterioration on the 1st postsurgical day from 0,4 ± 0,15 to 0,23 ± 0,21. Nevertheless, VA came back to baseline level (0,38 ± 0,15) 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: In our study we found significant regress of most altered biometrical parameters to baseline only after 6 months after Ahmed valve implantation. Thus, intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation for patients who requires phacoemulsification (PE) should be performed only 6 months after tube surgery.


A multilayer high Tc superconducting field‐effect transistor‐like structure was made from ultrathin YBa2Cu3O7−x films. An epitaxially grown dielectric SrTiO3 insulation layer, which had a forward bias breakdown voltage of about 20 V, allowed an electric field induced change in the channel layer of 1.25×1013 carrier/cm2 per volt of the gate voltage. A significant modulation of the normal state and superconducting properties was observed in samples with YBa2Cu3O7−x channel layers of a few unit cells thick. By applying gate voltage of different polarities, Tc was both suppressed and enhanced by ∼1 K. The resistance was modulated by as much as 20% in the normal state and by over 1500% near the zero resistance temperature.