Messor capitatus and M. structor often coexist in narrow sympatry in central Italy and show very similar food preferences. These two species differ markedly from each other in their recruitment mechanism. By measuring the foragers' efficiency in transporting seeds into the nest, it appears that both species show a remarkable tendency to «re-create» the seed distribution most suited to its own recruiting mechanism. Such strategies, of course, imply a much greater number of foragers and longer handling times. The resulting apparent waste of energy can be justified by the fact that the gain obtained from a single seed is much greater than the energy necessary to search for and carrying it under any conceivable circumstances (NIELSEN & BARONI URBANI 1990). Nevertheless, this way of «improving» the natural seed distribution may be difficult to explain by mutual competition alone. The same selection pressure acting on both species may have successively shaped their behaviour as follows: secondary loss of tropha...


Twenty three studies to identify major delay factors for construction projects in Nigeria have been reported in the literature. All these studies are based on self-administered questionnaire survey of views and perception of project participants except one study which is based on actual construction projects. Almost all of the more than forty construction delay factors reported in the literature have been identified as one of the major construction delay factors by one of the twenty three studies. Obviously, this cannot be true and is confusing to practitioners in prioritizing appropriate remedial measures to achieve better schedule performance. A thorough review of these twenty three studies is undertaken to identify major construction delay factors for Nigeria so that appropriate management measures can be implemented to achieve better schedule performance. The methodology is to count the number of times each major construction delay factors has been identified by the twenty three studies. The top major construction delay factors are factors identified by the most number of studies. Major construction delay factors identified include: "finance and payments of completed work by owner", "late delivery/shortage of construction materials or fuel", "ineffective planning and scheduling", "variation orders/changes of scope by owner during construction", "late issuance of instructions, information or drawings/incomplete drawings/inadequate information/delay in revising design documents and approving works or materials/delays in design work/delay due to progress payment evaluation and issuance of certificate by quantity surveyor", "equipment (or operator) availability and failure", "poor site management and supervision", "mistakes and discrepancies in design documents by consultant", "communication problems/lack of adequate project coordination", "slow decisions from owner", "inadequate contractor experience/incompetence contractor", "financing by contractor", and "subcontractor problems". With respect to the construction delay factors identified, measures to improve the schedule performance of construction projects in Nigeria are presented.


The c loud computing model transforming the IT landscape. Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm that deli vers computing resources as a set of reliable and scalable internet allowing customers to remotely run and manage these services. Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) is one of the popular cloud computing services. IaaS allows customers to inc rease their computing resources on the fly without investing in new hardware. IaaS adapts virtualization to enable on-demand access to a pool of virtual computing resources. Although there are great benefits from cloud computing, cloud computi ng categories of threats to be introduced. These threats are a result of the cloud virtual infrastructure complexity created by the adoption of the virtualization technology. Breaching the security of any component in the cloud virtual inf rastructure significantly impacts on the security of other components and consequently affects the overall system security. This paper explores the security problem of the cloud platform virtual infrastructure existing security threats and the complexities of this virtual infrastructure. The paper also discusses the existing security approaches to secure the cloud virtual infrastructure and their drawbacks. Fin and explore some key research challenges of implementing new virtualization-aware security solutions that can provide the pre-emptive protection for complex and ever dynamic cloud virtual infrastructure.


Currently in this digital world, passport is still a physical entity. It is carried at all places along with other travel related documents such as VISA and Immigration stamps that are also part of the passport(s). Each country maintains its own database of travel related information of the people entering and leaving the country. This paper is written with a vision of digitizing Passport, VISA and Immigration documents. Digitizing Passport and VISA helps in streamlining and simplifying Passport and VISA issuing, renewing, revoking, verification and validation process. For this process, we are proposing a solution based on distributed ledger for storing and retrieving information. Once implemented, this framework will help do-away with fake passports and VISA, unauthorized and repetitive data verification process. Blockchain-based distributed ledger implementation will solve several issues pertaining to paper-based authentication and make services more streamlined, improving efficiency and potentially lower costs at all levels.


Fermions interacting via a long-range repulsive potential are considered in [ital D] spatial dimensions, where 1[lt][ital D][le]2. The standard screening picture is found to break down, i.e., the screened effective interaction cannot be treated as instantaneous. For a bare potential which behaves at long distances as [ital r][sup [minus](2[minus][ital D])] [as ln [ital r] in two dimensions (2[ital D])] and within the random-phase approximation, the retardation effects induce an infrared catastrophe that changes the Fermi liquid into a Luttinger liquid in which the occupation number in momentum space is continuous across the Fermi surface. In 2D, the quantum liquid which we investigate may be called a [ital Z]=0 Fermi liquid'' (where [ital Z] is the strength of the quasiparticle pole at the Fermi surface) since the electron propagator has an isolated pole with a constant residue that scales to zero as the size of the system increases to infinity. For 1[lt][ital D][lt]2, the quantum liquid resembles the 1D Luttinger liquid as the single-particle propagator exhibits a branch cut structure. Moreover, we present a ground-state wave function which reproduces the Luttinger-liquid exponent of the momentum distribution near the Fermi surface.


Walnut composition is directly related to maintenance of quality. Chemical analyses have been determined using traditional and laborious methods, which are time-consuming and generate chemical waste. This justifies the development of fast and accurate alternative methodologies to control the composition. Near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy techniques associated with chemometric tools have been applied in the development of several analytical methodologies for agricultural products. The aim of this study is to develop and compare these two spectroscopic techniques to determine the parameters of quality, such as moisture, protein, lipid, mineral composition and fatty acid which is grown in Iran, totally 66 samples. Proteins and fats accounted for more than 70% of the walnut kernel weight. Among other healthful properties, consumption of all the studied cultivars would be potentially beneficial to health. It was used near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy associated with multivariate calibration methods based on partial least squares (PLS) algorithm. The determination coefficient (R) for moisture, protein, lipid content and fatty acid were 0.78, 0.76, 0.85 and 0.87 for NIR and 0.66, 0.91, 0.92 and 0.62 for MIR, respectively, having an RMSECV (root mean square error of cross-validation) < 2.09%. The results show that both infrared (NIR and MIR) techniques have predictive abilities.


Adopting the means of social and historical criticism and close reading,the author studies Shen Congwen's writings created in Kunming and indicates the"expression of the abstract"is the combination of abstract speculation and expression in aesthetic exploration. For Shen Congwen,"expression of the abstract"changed his writing style.


New field, petrographic and geochemical data including REE, Rb-Sr, and K-Ar, are presented conceming the emplacement and petrogenesis of two calc-alkaline Moroccan Hercynian granites: the Zalr pluton and thc Djebel Aouam stocks. Zonation in the Zalr pluton does not appear to result from simple fractional crystallization nor from hydrothermal alteration but is rather the diapiric. intrusion of two interlocked bodies. REE geochemistry supporls the interpretation that the biotitegranodiorite magma (301 f 8.2 M.a.) and thc Djebel Aouam stocks appear to have been derived by fusion of crustal materials with possible mantle contamination (Initial 87Sr/%r ratio = 0.70514). The second two-mica granitic magma (283.4 f 6.2 M.a.) corrcsponds to a peraluminous granite (1.22 < A/ CNK < 1.33) generated by fusion of continental crust including mature sedimentary materials (Initial 87Sra6Sr atio = 0.70836). Thesc granites arc compared to the Acadian granites of north Appalachian and classified in the ccpost-collision, uplift environmentu type. An illustrative four step model presenting the generation and emplacement of these two granites togethcr with the associated W-SnPb-Zn-Ag mineralizations is proposed (1) frst magma generation. (2) first melt emplacemcnt, (3) second melt emplacement, (4) late convectivc flow.


We present the N, O, F, and Na abundance and 12C/13C isotopic ratio measurements or upper limits for a sample of 10 C-rich, metal-poor giant stars: 8 enhanced in s-process (CEMP-s) elements and 2 poor in n-capture elements (CEMP-no). The abundances are derived from IR, K-band, high-resolution CRIRES@VLT obtained spectra. The metallicity of our sample ranges from [Fe/H] = −3.4 to −1.3. F abundance could be measured only in two CEMP-s stars. With [F/Fe] = 0.64, one is mildly F-overabundant, while the other is F-rich, at [F/Fe] = 1.44. For the remaining eight objects, including both CEMP-no stars in our sample, only upper limits on F abundance could be placed. Our measurements and upper limits show that there is a spread in the [F/C+N] ratio in CEMP-s stars as predicted by theory. Predictions from nucleosynthetic models for low-mass, low-metallicity asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars account for the derived F abundances, while the upper limits on F content derived for most of the stars are lower than the predicted values. The measured Na content is accounted for by AGB models in the 1.25–1.75 M☉ range, confirming that the stars responsible for the peculiar abundance pattern observed in CEMP-s stars are low-mass, low-metallicity AGB stars in agreement with the most accepted astrophysical scenario. We conclude that the mechanism of F production in current state-of-the-art low-metallicity low-mass AGB models needs further scrutiny and that F measurements in a larger number of metal-poor stars are needed to better constrain the models.


This paper describes the CERN's vacuum control system from the field devices to the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition software. First, a particular attention is given to the environment present in the accelerators, like noise coupling and ionizing radiation, which can affect the quality of the measurements and the reliability of the system. Then, the main vacuum instruments and their associated conditioning circuits and controllers are presented, before to introduce the hardware interlock logic and alarms used for the vacuum system and the machine protection. Finally, the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition software and its architecture are described, including data engineering and the main functionalities provided to the users for controls and diagnostics.


The influence of nonhomogeneous flow fields on the orientation distribution and rheology of fiber suspensions is investigated. The Stokes-Burger model is used to approximate the forces and moments on the fiber for the subsequent calculation of fiber angular velocities for nonhomogeneous cases where the velocity gradients vary over the fiber length. For simple shear flows, an analytical solution based on the Stokes-Burgers model is derived. Fiber angular velocities are compared to previously published results. An iterative numerical technique is developed to calculate the otherwise indeterminate fiber angular velocities for other nonhomogeneous flows, such as non-isothermal Hele-Shaw flows. The value of shear is derived for which the angular motion of the fiber in a quadratic velocity field is identical to that in a linear shear flow. Subsequently, numerical solutions for orientation distribution functions are presented for cases where analytical solutions for distribution functions are not obtainable. The rheological properties are then studied, using the orientation tensor description, for nonhomogeneous flow fields where the fiber motion can be approximated by that in a shear flow, the equivalent shear rate obtained from the numerical scheme.


Building or renovating a bathroom or kitchen? Interior stylist Luisa Volpato reports on some of the latest design trends that will give these rooms the 'wow' factor.


The construction of a contingent of teachers is the key to the development of education.Making great efforts to build a contingent of highly qualified teachers may play an important role in cultivating new talents with innovative spirit and capabilities of the 21st century.The knowledge structure and features of highly qualified teachers reflected in the educational decrees,No Child Left behind Act,for short NCLB,of the American Federal Government,provide some enlightenment in the building of a contingent of highly qualified teachers in our country.


An equation has been developed for computing the capillary depression of mercury in tubes by fitting an equation to tabulated data. This empirical equation reads, for standard conditions of sea level and 70 degrees F, h=((0.2936r-0.42325) Delta h2+0.225r3- 0.325r2+0.009r+0.1306) Delta h/( Delta h2+r2) where h is the capillary depression, r the radius of the tube and Delta h is the height of the meniscus, all in centimetres. Capillary depressions can be computed by this equation within about 1 mu m.


For all batteries, zinc electrode has good performance under the influence of mercury as a batteries inhibitor, mercury-free alkaline zinc-manganese batteries need a high efficient mercury substituting inhibitor. In this paper research and development on zinc corrosion inhibitors in alkaline zinc-manganese and zinc-manganese batteries are summarized.


Kanghegou basin located in the middle region of of Fenxi county,its soil erosion is one of the most serious area in loess plateau region.In recent years,as a model for comprehensive treatment of soil erosion in west Shanxi,kanghegou basin of Fenxi county have done a lot of work in soil and water conservation and obtained the strong approval in basin management.The treatment status of soil erosion and its ecological and economic benefits are summarized in the paper.


If an epenthetic vowel is required for syllable structure reasons, its position in a string may be determined by 'directionality', with the construction of maximal syllables beginning from a word edge (Itô 1986, 1989, Farwaneh 1995). Arabic has served as the prime example of directionality, but other Semitic languages have also played a role, such as Harari (Kenstowicz & Kisseberth 1979, Itô 1986) and Tigrinya (Denais 1990, Berhane 1991). In these languages the sonority of heterosyllabic (coda–onset) consonant sequences neither conditions insertion nor affects the site of the epenthetic vowel. Epenthesis is triggered by constraints on maximal syllable size, and the position of the epenthetic vowel is determined by directionality. As a result, violations of SYLLABLE CONTACT abound. Syllable contact can be defined as the requirement that a coda be more sonorous than a following onset (Murray & Vennemann 1983, Vennemann 1988). In this article, I provide new data from Chaha, an Ethiopian Semitic language of the Gurage family, which demonstrate an intriguing difference from Semitic languages such as Harari, Tigrinya and Arabic.


Two new parameters for a better understanding of the shielding performance of actual enclosures are proposed; the first parameter accounts for the overall reduction of the EM field inside (outside) the enclosure, the second concerns the uniformity of the field distribution in the protected region. The figures of merit are called global shielding efficiency and disuniformity reduction efficiency, respectively. Both stem from the mechanism of the birth of the undesired effects to be mitigated by means of the shielding enclosure.


Background Cardiac transcription factors, such as GATA4, NKX2-5, and TBX5, are key regulators of cardiac development. They also play an important role in the development of pathological conditions such as cardiomyopathy and left ventricular hypertrophy and are therefore considered attractive drug targets. We have recently described a new family of GATA4-targeted compounds that inhibit cardiac hypertrophy. The aims of this study were to compare different cardiac and stem cell types in toxicity screening and to investigate the in vitro toxicity and structure-toxicity relationships of novel GATA4-targeted compounds. Cell viability was studied in eight cell types: the H9c2 myoblast cell line, primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), mouse embryonic fibroblasts, mESC-derivatives from day 5 embryoid bodies, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). The cells were exposed to test compounds for 24 hours and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol -2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were carried out to investigate necrosis and mitochondrial redox metabolism, respectively. Based on these results two compounds were


The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) and Fort Leonard Wood, MO, are in the sixth year of efforts to plan and implement a program in support of installation sustainability. As part of this effort, ERDC-CERL personnel supported the Fort Leonard Wood Directorate of Public Works (DPW) by conducting a deconstruction assessment of multiple buildings in the warehouse district. The project delivery team visited Fort Leonard Wood in April 2017 to conduct quantity take-offs of the buildings. An abbreviated interim report that focused exclusively on Bldgs. 2338 and 2339 was provided to the Chief, Master Planning Branch, at that time. These two buildings were representative of the majority of the buildings in the assessment and thus became the model that we describe in detail in the sections below. Differences between the other warehouses and the model are discussed. Several buildings that had configurations different from that of the model were evaluated independently.


In this paper, we address the development of control scheme for the magnetic levitation positioning system. This planar magnetic levitator employs four permanent magnet linear motors. Each motor generates vertical force for suspension against gravity, as well as horizontal force for propulsion of the levitation object called a platen. This stage can generate six degrees of freedom motion by the vertical and horizontal force. We derived dynamics equation and proposed control algorithm to steer the platen from its initial configuration to its desired configuration using sliding mode control. Numerical simulation result is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a perceptual-cognitive training program using 3D-multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) can improve symptoms following acute pediatric concussion.

SETTING
Research laboratory within a pediatric trauma center.

PARTICIPANTS
Children and adolescents (n = 62, age= 13.27 ± 2.50) with diagnosed concussion.

DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial. Children were randomized into either 3D-MOT, 2048 game, or standard care-only groups. Participants and parents completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinjury. Intervention participants completed either the 3D-MOT protocol or the 2048 game at 6 sessions between the baseline and 4-week assessment.

MAIN MEASURES
A 3 (group) × 10 (time) mixed-model analysis of variance evaluated PCSI total scores. The rate of persistent postconcussive symptom (PPCS) was evaluated at 4 weeks using χ analysis.

RESULTS
Symptoms decreased throughout the study using both child-reported (F(9,374) = 22.03, P < .001) and parent-reported scores (F(9,370) = 28.06, P < .001). Twenty-four (44.4%) children met the study definition for PPCS using the child-reported PCSI, while 20 (37.7%) children had PPCS using parent reports. The intervention did not significantly affect symptom resolution or PPCS rates.

CONCLUSION
There is no benefit to prescribing 3D-MOT training for acute rehabilitation in pediatric patients with concussion and clinicians should instead focus on more effective programs.


This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Science in Development Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand. Johannesburg. South Africa.
15 July 2016


Thecough is lung disease common symptoms in Traditional Chinese medicine.This paper from four of the memorial source spirit went about to introduce the theory of cough etiology and pathogenesis.Cough and lung and stomach's have a close relationship.The pathogenesis of cough is lung gas on inverse.Drop lung qi is the most basic method of treating cough.Lung gas convergence depends on the soil down stomach turn right.The stomach turn right on the soil and soil mediation to achieve,and is in the middle of the zang-fu organs gas concrete manifestation.Treatment should be needed for the operation,make middle-earth,eventually to drop right mediation,convergence lung Qi to cough JianWang spleen and stomach,and gas,a stretch of the function of spleen and stomach,and went about is to maintain normal five zang-and the normal function of lifting the deciding factors.


Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a human commensal with known immunomodulatory properties. To date the mechanism of these immunomodulatory effects is not well understood. To unravel the immunomodulatory signalling mechanism, we investigated the effects of two strains of L. rhamnosus, L. rhamnosus GG and GR‐1, in modulating production of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF) in human monocytic cell line THP‐1 and mouse macrophages. Live L. rhamnosus GG and GR‐1 or their spent culture supernatant induced minuscule amounts of TNF production but large quantities of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) in macrophages compared with those induced by pathogenic Escherichia coli GR‐12 and Enterococcus faecalis. By using neutralizing antibodies and G‐CSF receptor knockout mice, we demonstrated that G‐CSF secreted from L. rhamnosus GG‐ and GR‐1‐exposed macrophages suppressed TNF production induced by E. coli‐ or lipopolysaccharide‐activated macrophages through a paracrine route. The suppression of TNF production by G‐CSF was mediated through activation of STAT3 and subsequent inhibition of c‐Jun‐N‐terminal kinases (JNKs). The inhibition of JNK activation required STAT3α‐mediated de novo protein synthesis. This demonstrates a novel role of G‐CSF in L. rhamnosus‐triggered anti‐inflammatory effects and its mechanism in the suppression of TNF production in macrophages.


Many researchers have dealt during last decade about digitizing and reconstructing hand made pottery elements from fragments retrieved in the archaeological excavations. Some studies have demonstrated the huge variability in results from manual processes, which usually leads into a wrong typological classification of the profile. Moreover, after orienting the fragment, the final document is usually a bi-dimensional picture displaying several measurements and without any well defined standard with respect to appearance. In this paper we present a survey of those techniques that have been developed by our group and we raise some questions and challenges that still have to be solved.


Budgets for carbon and nitrogen m shoot, root, and nodules of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) are drawn up for a 9-d interval in the life cycle, from data on nitrogen fixation, carbon accumu lation in dry matter, respiratory output of plant organs, and organic solute exchange between shoot and nodulated root. Of the carbon gained photosynthetically by the shoot from the atmosphere 26 per cent is incorporated directly into its dry matter, 32 per cent translocated to the nodules, and 42 per cent to the supporting root. Of the nodules' share, 5 per cent is consumed in growth, 12 per cent in respiration, and 15 per cent returned to the shoot via the xylem, as amino compounds generated in nitrogen fixation. Growth and respiration of the root utilize, respectively, 7 and 35 per cent. The respiratory efficiency of a nodulated root in terms of nitrogen fixation (5-9 mg Cpermg N2-N fixed) is found to be very similar to that of an uninoculated root assimilating nitrate (6-2 mg C per mg N03-N reduced). The nodules require in growth, respiration, and export 4-1 mg C (ss 10-3 mg carbohydrate) for each mg N which they fix. The nodules consume 3 ml 02 for every 1 ml N2 utilized in fixation. In exporting a milligram of fixed nitrogen the nodules require at least 0-35 ml of water. Almost half of this requirement might be met by mass flow into the nodules via the phloem.


Water is diminishing in many places of the globe due to human intervention and climate variability. This study was conducted to assess water sustainability in the Amu Darya basin, the largest river catchment of central Asia, using two Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite solutions with a spatial resolution of 0.5°. Spatial variability of water sustainability was estimated by integrating reliability, resiliency and vulnerability. In addition, the Modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) test was utilized to detect the significant trends in water availability. Findings show a significant decline in the basin's water supply, especially after 2010. Water availability was more variable in the east and a small area in the south. Trend analysis revealed higher declination in water availability in the range of −0.04 to −0.08 cm/year in the tundra and warm dry continental climate zones and the delta region of the basin ending in the Aral Sea in the cold desert climate zone. Water resources in the cold semi-arid (steppe) and most parts of the cold desert climate are more sustainable than the rest of the basin. Overall, the results indicate that water resources availability in a large-scale basin with climate diversity could be well assessed using the method used in this study.


The need for information in the digital era is increasing because information is easier to access anytime and anywhere. Efforts that must be applied in order to obtain quality information and as needed, namely by having information literacy skills. Information literacy is the ability to respond and meet information needs. By understanding information literacy, it is expected that the public can receive precise and accurate information. The purpose of this study is to discuss the skills and methods of searching for information needed by each individual. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach supported by literature review in accordance with the topic of this article, namely from books and scientific articles. The result of the discussion of this article is that there is some information on literacy skills models that can be utilized by individuals, as discussed in this article is the Big 6 model which is often used in research, employment, education and others. While the information search technique that can be used easily is the Boolean method.


Abstract : The way in which academic learning experiences are structured determines to a large extent the success of minority students in college and in their later careers. There are three ways in which learning experiences may be structured: cooperatively, competitively, and individualistically. For the past ten years the authors have conducted an extensive research program, developed a number of theoretical models, and systematically reviewed and the literature comparing the efficacy of the three goal structures. The results of these efforts are summarized in this paper. There is considerable evidence that cooperative, compared with competitive and individualistic, learning experience promote higher achievement, the development of critical thinking competencies and higher level reasoning strategies, the acquisition of positive attitudes toward subject areas such as math and science required to enter high tech careers, the interpersonal skills needed to work effectively with other people and engage in group problem-solving activities, and the psychological health and self-confidence required to succeed within a career setting. In addition, the relationships formed within cooperative learning groups provide an interpersonal network that directly relates to career opportunities and advancement.


The purpose of this study is to analyze annual financial and non-financial data for the Korean accounting industry during the period 1997-2015 and provide some significant insights for the accounting industry in Korea. The main empirical results from this study can be summarized as follows. First, the size of the Korean accounting industry in terms of deflated total revenue has increased 4.01 times for the same period. I find that the important driver of this remarkable growth in the Korean accounting industry was the sharp increase in taxation service revenue. Second, deflated total revenue from Korean accounting firms has increased 5.35 times for the same period, which further documents that the increase in auditing service revenue has increased 3.43 times, the increase in taxation service revenue 18.20 times, and the increase in management advisory and other service revenue 4.86 times. I demonstrate that the dramatic increase in taxation service revenue led to this noticeable growth of total revenue in the Korean accounting firms. Received (September 16, 2017), Review Result (September 29, 2017) Accepted (October 16, 2017), Published (November 30, 2017) 02808 Department of Business Administration, Sungshin Women's University, 2 Bomun-ro 34da-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea email: firstname.lastname@example.com * 이 논문은 2015년도 성신여자대학교 학술연구조성비 지원에 의하여 연구되었음 Analysis of the Korean Accounting Industry Copyright c 2017 HSST 108 Third, deflated total revenue from Korean audit teams has increased 1.76 times for the same period, which further indicates that the increase in auditing service revenue has increased 1.98 times, the increase in taxation service revenue 2.19 times, and the increase in management advisory and other service revenue 1.59 times. I document that the increase in taxation service revenue, the increase in auditing service revenue, and the increase in management advisory and other service revenue, respectively made a meaningful contribution to expanding total revenue in Korean audit teams for the same period. Lastly, comparison of improvement in the revenue-generation ability per certified public accountant in accounting firms and in audit teams for the same period indicate that audit teams performed better than accounting firms, which is very surprising. This may suggest that scale economies do not exist in the Korean accounting industry.


The study was conducted in a private apiary, in order to determine the most efficient method of wintering in Brasov County.  The biological material was Apis mellifera carpathica Foti honey bees maintained in multi-storey hives. Ten hives were housed outdoor and ten in shelter. The parameters were monitored between October 2013 and March 2014. The monthly average temperatures were 9°C in October; 7°C in November; -8°C in December; -6°C in January; 2°C in February and 4°C in March. In the colonies housed in shelter, the consumption of honey during the winter was less than 34% and the mortality was less than 63.3%. The results were very significant (p≤ 0.01). The diarrhea was moderate compared to wintering hives outdoor. The laying of queen bees has resumed in late February, in both methods. It was observed that the colonies housed in shelter have refused to leave the hives and the intervention of beekeepers was required. This method is recommended in the regions with colds winters, even if it requires more effort to transport the hives.


ABSTRACT Existing models that aim to explain the effects of economic interdependence on global politics do not adequately capture transnational politics and the production of new modes of governance. The new interdependence approach (NIA), defined and illustrated in this symposium, exemplifies new modes of cross-border complex governance. Complex governance is defined by its disruption of the dominant role of national governments in global and regional governance. National governments have become only one set of actors in among a heterogeneous group of participants in global governance, agents who collaborate across type to produce more informal and less legalized governance outcomes. Complex governance and the NIA approach appear to have both functional limits (more apparent in issue-areas new to the global agenda) and spatial limits (gradually extending beyond the industrialized countries to the developing world). National governments and politics remain influential in a world of complex governance. A final contribution of the NIA approach is its concentration on the distributional effects of complex governance.


In 1 982 Oestmeich [1 ] described the cupped hand method for excluding extraneous light when viewing madiogmaphs. Several advantages were ascribed to this simple procedure. We report two variations: 50% and 1 00% light exclusion. To test the utility of these variations, we applied them to 1 ,000 outpatient skull films randomly selected from the discard film bin of a large university teaching hospital. These films were then viewed by two techniques on a standard radiographic viewbox independently by two radiologists as illustrated in figure 1 . The results were then tabulated and compared against the original interpretation in the hospital record by a third radiologist who elected to remain anonymous. The hospital record could not be found in 55 instances. Of the 1 ,000 films, 1 82 were normal, 58 were possibly normal, 91 were possibly abnormal, 389 were suggestive of being possibly abnormal, 82 were equivocally suggestive of a pathognomonic abnormality, and 78 were unintempretable. Of the 922 interpretable films, 31 8 were considered technically acceptable and should not have been discarded. Student's t-test and Wilcoxin's paired-difference test were applied to the data. Not unexpectedly technique B (single blind) had a 50% sensitivity, while technique A (double blind) had no false positives (1 00% specificity). Interpretative errors in the radiographic analysis of poor quality skull madiogmaphs have always been a problem, and our data confirm this. While theme have been many mecommendations to improve viewing conditions for the radiologist, we believe our techniques are unique. The contribution of technique A is the low false-positive mate (also low false-negative mate). The radiologist using technique A also complained less of eye fatigue and excessive glare. The principal disadvantage of technique A is that comparison with previous films is difficult. We conclude that technique A (double blind) is superior when a negative interpretation is desired. Another method, technique C (no blind, not shown), has been investigated thoroughly on acceptable films but not on discarded films. Such a study, compared with techniques A and B is in progress and will be the subject of a future report.


Biomethane and other renewable gases will enable to thrive on a fully renewable energy system. Biomethane has similar qualities to natural gas, so it can be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure or used as a biofuel for transport. Also, its use means a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.
This work is part of the LIFE LANDFILL BIOFUEL project that aims to implement a cost-effective system based on new techniques to improve the recovery of landfill biogas and the production of biomethane with quality for vehicular use. In a first stage a complete characterization of the biogas produced has been carried out.
Biogas is produced at the municipal solid waste treatment plant Ecocentral, located in Alhendin, Granada (Spain). The composition of the biogas as well as its main physical and chemical parameters has been determined.
Differences in the composition of the biogas with the sampling point were found. Biogas consists mainly of methane with a content varying between 50% and 63% and carbon dioxide with a content of approximately 40%. The rest of the components are mainly O2 with content below 2% and N2 content between values below 15% and values arround 7%. The total siloxane content has been less than 3.0 mg/Nm3.
The knowledge of the composition of this biogas has been decisive for the development of the upgrading procedure for its conversion to biomethane.


In the electrogalvanizing, one-side galvanizing method is said to be rather easy from the view point of its principle, but in practice, the various plating equipment currently in service require special arrangements.The manufacturing process developed for one-side electrogalvanized steel strip with heavy coating based on the horizontal cell system is described.Throw-around of zinc deposit on the uncoated surface can be minimized by reducing the depth of the electrolyte above the strip.Edge overcoating is prevented with the use of edge masks. A high current density operation was made possible by increasing electrolyte flow rate between the strip and the anode.With these measures, one-side electrogalvanized steel sheets with clean zinc surface without burnt deposit, free from stains on the uncoated surface are being manufactured.


In this work, we described the synthesis of new heterocyclic organophosphorus compounds starting from a primary amine and phenyl phosphonic dichloride (PDCP). The introduction of a phosphoryl group into heterocyclic structures can generate potential chemical and biological activities. We have prepared the phos- phoramidates in only one step. These compounds provide access to diazaphospholidine by intermolecular cycli- zation using dibromoethane. We chose primary amines (cyclohexylamine, benzylamine, propylamine and phenyl ethylamine) to prepare phosphoramidates. The toxicological activity of two synthesized molecules was evaluated.


The capillary electrophoretic separation of iodide, nitrate, perchlorate, thiocyanate, bromate, iodate, and ethane-, butane-, pentane-, and octanesulphonate was examined in sodium chromate or potassium hydrogen phthalate electrolytes and in the presence of α -, γ -, (0-40 mmol/L) and β -cyclodextrin (0-10 mmol/L). Largest decreases in electrophoretic mobility were observed for iodide, perchlorate, and thiocyanate, probably due to inclusion of these anions in the cyclodextrin (CD) cavity. Changes in migration patterns and electroosmotic flow were observed, which depended on cyclodextrin type and concentration and on electrolyte-cyclodextrin interactions. Thus for larger cavity cyclodextrins ( β-or γ-cyclodextrin) or in the presence of chromate, relatively small decreases in electrophoretic mobilities for all the anions were observed, indicating that a good match between analyte and cavity size and minimal cyclodextrin affinity for electrolyte ions are essential for different migration patterns. Separation ...


The relationship between the cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics and the air quality data over Guangzhou megacity, South China was investigated in this report. A simple method was proposed to cluster lightning location data into two types of thunderstorms: the traverse thunderstorms and the local ones. It was found that the AQI (air quality index), PM10 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, NO2 concentration and O3 concentration were positively correlated to the number of cloud-to-ground lightning flashes for the local thunderstorms. It was also found that the ratio of the positive cloud-to-ground flashes showed decreasing trend and the duration of the local thunderstorm showed increasing trend as the PM10 concentration increased. No obvious correlation was observed for the cloud-to-ground lightning count and the SO2 concentration.


Use of additional chemotherapy agents is a time-proven method of achieving an incremental survival gain in early breast cancer. A decade has passed since the publication of trials showing the benefit of adding taxanes to anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Neo-tAnGo and the companion tAnGo trial set out to test whether additional benefit could be achieved by adding gemcitabine in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, respectively. Neo-tAnGo also investigated the effect of sequencing paclitaxel either before or after epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC). The addition of gemcitabine was not associated with an improvement in pathological complete response (pCR) or survival, consistent with other trials that incorporated gemcitabine into neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Administration of paclitaxel prior to EC resulted in a 5% higher pCR rate compared with the reverse sequence (P=0.03). The pCR difference did not translate into a survival advantage. Neoadjuvant therapy is an important clinical trial platform to assess the effectiveness of new agents in early and locally advanced breast cancer. Early endpoints such as pCR, serial biopsies and imaging can be used to evaluate the activity of new therapies. The link between improvements in pCR and survival in the neoadjuvant setting, and translation of benefit into the adjuvant setting is tantalisingly close - particularly in the triple negative breast cancer and HER2 positive breast cancer subtypes - but the association remains inconsistent. This editorial will contextualise the results of the Neo-tAnGo in the current and future neoadjuvant trial landscape.


Abstract Slater introduced the point-addition operation on graphs to characterize 4-connected graphs. The Г-extension operation on binary matroids is a generalization of the point-addition operation. In general, under the Г-extension operation the properties like graphicness and cographicness of matroids are not preserved. In this paper, we obtain forbidden minor characterizations for binary matroids whose Г-extension matroids are graphic (respectively, cographic).


Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown origin usually seen in adult males The most common clinical feature of this disease is an asymptomatic unilateral soft-tissue mass in the head and neck, frequently involving major salivary glands and lymph nodes. Bilateral involvement is rare. We herein report an uncommon presentation of this disease where an elderly female presented with bilateral auricular masses with multiple swellings in head and neck. Treated medically with steroids and antihistamine and no recurrence of the disease on follow up till date.


In order to determine the influence of Culture Filtrate Brucella mellitensis Antigens (CFAgs) on B. mellitensis infection in chatosan immunostimulater mice, sixty for white mice, both sex,78 weeks age were divided randomly into for groups.1 group(n=16 ) was immunized with 0.4ml of CFSAgs B. mellitensis (concentration of protein( 4.2mg/ml) ,i/p two doses, 2 weeks intervals. 2 group(n=16) was feed on diet supplement with chitosan ,(1mg/kg B.W) 4 weeks. group. 3 group(n=1) was inoculated with (0.4ml) I/P with1X10 CFU/ML of viable virulent B. mellitensis and was served as control positive group. 4 group (n=16) was inoculated with 0.5ml sterile normal saline. Cellular and humoral immune response were recorded at 28-30 day post immunization, skin test and passive heam agglutination test respectively, then all animals of immunized and feed chatosan groups were challenge with B. mellitensis as control positive group. The results explained that dead for animals in cotral positive during 15 days post inoculation with virulent viable B. mellitensi with very heavy bacterial isolation, from animal of control positive group post infection The results revealed that immunization with CFSAgs elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses, the level values of both arms of immune response also result reveald that immunization with CFSAgs + chatosan elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses higher than other group , Severe pathological lesions were seen in examined organs of control positive group but these lesions are mild or few in animal immunization with CFSAgs + chatosan. The main lesions in examined organs of these animals are suppurative inflammation ,small grnulomma .. We conclusion that immunization with CFSAgs + chatosan can improve the immune responses in the animals that are suffering from Brucella mellitensis infection


This paper describes the comparision of a microstrip-fed monopole ultra wideband antenna with and without notch. In case of notch the notch-band characteristics is achieved by C-shaped ring resonator. The paper gives better understanding of antenna parameters such as return loss, VSWR etc., and its variation in performance of antennawith and without notch. Also presents the effect of parameters of antenna with notch on gain. Finally, simulation is done using Ansoft HFSS software. Measurements indicate that antenna operates in the band from 2.25-10.2GHz and has band-rejected characteristics in 5.16-5.85GHz which covers wireless Local Area Network band.


Previous studies have shown that using sports supplements compatibility taking;raise the overall athlete bodily functions and athletic ability.But which of these Chinese herbal supplements is more functional is not yet clear concluded.According to the biochemical characteristics of the movement and the need to maintain bodily functions of athletes of choice,Tribulus is selected as a tonic to study its impact on the ability of athletes.In this paper,the method of literature review,analysis of the active ingredient and potency of Tribulus,understand its biological function,and analysis of the relationship between exercise capacities.


This paper presents analysis and simulation results describing the feasibility of a modified distributed optical fiber strain sensor whose principle of operation is based on the frequency-modulated continuous-wave reflectometry technique. The sensor consists of a frequency-swept laser diode and an unbalanced two-beam interferometer. In this system, the test arm comprises a number of single-mode fibers, which at as the sensing fibers, with a mirror at the far end and mechanical splices as the connectors, as well as the reflectors. The strain variation of the sensing fiber is measured by demodulating the phase shift of the beat signal using a heterodyne signal processing system, and therefore the requirement of a high precision temperature control of light source can be eliminated in this way. The measuring resolution of ht strain was found to be inversly proportional to the optical path difference between the reference are and the test arm. Experimental results showed that the theoretical value and accuracy were achieved.


The solar system exploration by humans requires to successfully deal with the radiation exposition issue. The scientific aspect of this issue is twofold: knowing the radiation environment the astronauts are going to face and linking radiation exposure to health risks. Here we focus on the first issue. It is generally agreed that the final tool to describe the radiation environment in a space habitat will be a model featuring the needed amount of details to perform a meaningful risk assessment. The model should also take into account the shield changes due to the movement of materials inside the habitat, which in turn produce changes in the radiation environment. This model will have to undergo a final validation with a radiation field of similar complexity. The International Space Station (ISS) is a space habitat that features a radiation environment inside which is similar to what will be found in habitats in deep space, if we use measurements acquired only during high latitude passages (where the effects of the Earth magnetic field are reduced). Active detectors, providing time information, that can easily select data from different orbital sections, are the ones best fulfilling the requirements for these kinds of measurements. The exploitation of the radiation measurements performed in the ISS by all the available instruments is therefore mandatory to provide the largest possible database to the scientific community, to be merged with detailed Computer Aided Design (CAD) models, in the quest for a full model validation. While some efforts in comparing results from multiple active detectors have been attempted, a thorough study of a procedure to merge data in a single data matrix in order to provide the best validation set for radiation environment models has never been attempted. The aim of this paper is to provide such a procedure, to apply it to two of the most performing active detector systems in the ISS: the Anomalous Long Term Effects in Astronauts (ALTEA) instrument and the DOSimetry TELescope (DOSTEL) detectors, applied in the frame of the DOSIS and DOSIS 3D project onboard the ISS and to present combined results exploiting the features of each of the two apparatuses.


Signal integrity and EMI quality are compared between microstrip and stripline for the split reference plane of a multi-layer PCB. Designing a high-speed digital signal path as a stripline proved to be a solution to minimize the effect of a nonideal current return path. Simulations based on the 3D-FDTD method are utilized for the analysis of a practical high frequency multi-layered PCB.


The effect of thermal annealing on the luminescence of wurtzite ZnMgO alloys in the films and ceramics produced by solid state reaction route is investigated. Formation of hexagonal ZnMgO phase is proved by X‐ray diffraction, micro‐Raman, photoluminescence (PL), and PL excitation methods. Mg starts incorporating into ZnO lattice at 700 °C, and its content increases with the increase of the annealing temperature up to 1000 °C. Nevertheless, in the PL spectra of the films annealed in air at 1000 °C, excitonic and defect‐related emissions from residual ZnO phase dominate, while those from the ZnMgO alloy are weak. The annealing in Zn vapor results in even weaker ZnMgO PL. In ceramics sintered in the air at 1000 °C, the PL from wurtzite ZnMgO phase is found to be strongly supressed on the surface and bright in the depth of a pellet. The gettering of Na, K, and Ca residual impurities at the surface of the samples under annealing is proved by Secondary ion mass spectrometry. It is proposed that degradation of ZnMgO PL in the near surface region is caused mainly by intense thermal decomposition of wurtzite ZnMgO phase accompanied by generation of non‐radiative defects.


Objective: To study the association of cord serum albumin (CSA) level with incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NNH) in term neonates. Method: We conducted a prospective study on 100 sequentially born term babies. Cord blood collected at birth was analyzed for estimation of serum albumin. After a follow up of 3 days, venous sample was taken at 72 hrs of age and analyzed for total serum bilirubin (TSB) level. A value of TSB ≥17 mg/dl at 72 hours of life was taken as significant NNH. Neonates were divided into 3 groups according to their cord serum albumin (CSA) levels; group A with CSA <2.8 gm/dl, group B with CSA 2.8-3.3 gm/dl and group C with CSA >3.3 gm/dl and incidence of significant hyperbilirubinemia was studied in all these groups. Results: There were 13 neonates in groups A , 57 in group B and 30 in group C. Out of 13 neonates in group A, 5 (38.5%) developed significant NNH; in group B, 7 (12.3%) out of 57 neonates developed NNH whereas in group C, 2 (6.7%) neonates out of 30 developed NNH. This difference in the incidence of significant NNH amongst the three groups was statistically significant (p=0.02). We also calculated and compared mean day 3 TSB levels of the three groups. The mean day 3 TSB level was highest in group A (14.6±3.62 mg %), 12.1±3.25 mg% in group B and lowest (11.0±3.28 mg %) in group C. On comparing these means by ANOVA, statistically significant difference was found (p=0.005). Conclusion: High CSA level is associated with a lower incidence of significant NNH. Hence, this can be used as a potential tool for prediction of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.


This diploma thesis is about Davis Oistrachs life, about period within he lived and its influences to him. Further thesis describes his musical development, prosperous with composers and his comprehensive approach in music art.


The strong interdependency between economic growth and conventional energy consumption have led to significant environmental impact, especially with respect to greenhouse gas emissions. Conventional energy-intensive industries release increasing quantities every year, which has prompted global leaders to consider new approaches based on sustainable consumption. The main purpose of this research is to propose a new energy index that accounts for the complexity and interdependences between the research variables. The methodology is based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and combines the key components determined into a score that allows for both temporal and cross-country comparisons. All data analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25™. The main findings show that most countries improved their economic performance since 2014, but the speed of the improvement varies a lot from one country to another. The final score determined reflects the complex changes taking place in each country and the efficiency of the governmental measures for sustainable economic growth based on low energy consumption and low environmental pollution.


Objective To observe the effect of Fufang Puhuang Granule(Compound Pollen Typhae Granule) on the expression of Heat Shock Protein-70(HSP-70) and its mRNA in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.Methods The 75 SD male rats were randomized into 5 groups(n=15): sham operation group,ischemia reperfusion model group,Puhuang Granule large,medium,and small does groups.The rats were surgically prepared for occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.Reperfusion was conducted at 2 hours after ischemia.At 6,24,72 hours after reperfusion the rats were decapitated,5 at each time point.At 24 hours after reperfusion,scores of neurological deficit were estimated,the morphologic changes of neurons were observed by using Nissl staining,the expression of HSP-70 mRNA were examined by using in situ hybridization,and the expression of HSP-70 was detected by immunohistochemical method.Results The effect of Puhuang Granule large and medium groups at 24 hours after reperfusion on improving the neurological functions was better than that of the model group(P0.05).The result of Nissl staining showed irregular shaped and small sized neurons with pyknosis,interstitial edema,and Nissel body decrease in the model group,and there was an obvious neuron loss.But in all Puhuang Granule groups,there was no obvious injured neurons and neuron loss.In the model group,the expression of HSP-70 and its mRNA were both enhanced at 6~72 hours after reperfusion,compared with the sham operation group at each time point,the difference was significant(P0.01).The expression of HSP-70 and its mRNA were enhanced in all Puhuang Granule groups,compared with the sham operation group at each time point,the difference was significant(P0.05).Conclusion Puhuang Granule improves the expression of HSP-70 of rats with the injury of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.


ABSTRACT Abattery-operated, averaging, digital recorder was de-signed for recording daily temperatures at remote locations. The recorder measures temperature with a .germanium diode and converts the measurements to dai-ly average temperatures in digital form. The averages are stored in an electronic memory with a capacity of 64 readings. The average for consecutive days and the iden-tification for the averages can be displayed by repeatedly operating a panel switch. A single rechargeable battery operates the recorder for 64 days or more and provides additional power for displaying the stored averages. The instrument is self contained in a weatherproof case and can be used in remote and unprotected locations for ex-tended periods.


The diophantine equation x6+ y6 + z6 = u6 + v6 + w6 is shown to have a two-parameter solution which is homogeneous of degree four. The solution also satisfies x2+ y2+ z2 = u2 + v2+ w2; and in addition, 3x + y + z = 3u +


The symptom of constipation is very common.1,2 The aisles of any drugstore confirm the impact of this problem. The goal of this technical review is to identify a rational, efficacious, and ideally cost-effective approach to the patient presenting with constipation. The perspective will be that of the practicing gastroenterologist. Constipation in children will not be specifically addressed, nor will special populations such as patients with spinal cord injury. The background for this technical review, especially the subthemes comprising the clinical syndromes, their epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and their socioeconomic impacts have been subjects of recent reviews and monographs.1,3,4 These were supplemented by selected and focused literature searches. Our discussion of the epidemiology of constipation is based on peer-reviewed, published surveys. Estimates of the economic impact to society have been published; however, formal cost-effectiveness analyses for specific diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms have not been performed. Comparisons of diagnostic approaches, with precise estimates of specificity and sensitivities, also have not been published. Indeed, in many instances, individual diagnostic techniques have not been even standardized. Moreover, most reports of treatment have not separated clearly patients with slow-transit constipation (STC) from those with disorders of the pelvic floor. There are few well-designed clinical trials of therapy, and only one meta-analysis of comparable studies has been published. Most evidence must, therefore, be based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, and reports of expert committees. Where possible, we indicate those studies that have tested for transit defects and pelvic floor dysfunctions.


Currently there arose a necessity of creation of adequate mathematical model describing the flow of traffic. The mathematical traffic control theory is now actively developing in the works of A.B. Kurzhanski and his school, where the transport flow is considered to be similar to the flow of an incompressible fluid, and consequently the hydrodynamic model, for example based on the system of Navier Stokes Equations, is used. In addition to the obvious properties of traffic flow covered previously, such as viscosity and incompressibility, the authors of this article propose to take into consideration its elasticity. Indeed, when you turn on a forbidding signal of a traffic light vehicles do not stop instantly and smoothly reduce their speed up to stop accumulating before the stop line. Similarly, if you turn on an allowing signal of the traffic light vehicles do not start instantaneously and simultaneously, they start driving one after another, gradually raising up the speed. Thus the transport flow has an effect of retardation, which is typical for viscoelastic incompressible fluids described by a system of Oskolkov equations. The first part of the article substantiates a linear mathematical model, i.e. the model without convective terms in the Oskolkov equations. In the context of the model this means that transposition of vehicles can be neglected. In the second part the model is investigated on a qualitative level, i.e. we formulate the existence of a unique solution theorem for the stated problem and provide an outline of its proof.


This article describes the design and construction of a footbridge at Chalgrove, Oxfordshire, England, which is being reinforced with glass-fibre composite rods instead of the usual steel. It is one of the demonstration structures being built as part of Eurocrete, a pan- European collaborative programme to develop fibre composite reinforcement, with support from EUREKA. Oxfordshire County Council provided the opportunity to build the footbridge, to replace an existing timber bridge that had deteriorated. Access to the site was good, allowing relatively easy construction and subsequent monitoring. The bridge was designed as one 5m long by 1.5m wide slab, with 13.5mm diameter glass-fibre reinforcement on its top and bottom faces. The main design criteria were deflections and control of early thermal movements. The slab was placed on abutments constructed earlier, and handrails were fitted later. Various load tests were performed on the bridge, in accordance with British Standard BS8110; they confirmed the design assumptions, and will be repeated after six months and one year. Vibrating wire gauges, thermocouples, and fibre optic gauges have been fitted, to monitor the bridge.


Objective: To investigate a clinical worth of combination therapy of Oriental and conventional cancer treatment focusing on reduction of chemotherapy-induced side effects. Methods: 110 patients treated by Oriental treatment after intravenous or oral chemotherapy were reviewed, from January, 2005 to April, 2008 at the East-West Cancer Center of Dunsan Oriental hospital. Symptoms were investigated by National Cancer Institute-Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC) Version 2.0. Results: 80% patients of 110 patients had at least one symptom among eight main side effects (neutropenia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, constipation, headache). The presence of those was as follows: nausea 63%, anorexia 61%, neutropenia 45%, vomiting 28%, constipation 21%, headache 19%, diarrhea 11%, and stomatitis 10%. Except neutropenia, above symptoms has ameliorated by Oriental treatment in seven treat days. Conclusions: This study first presented the general characteristics of cancer patients treated by Oriental and conventional therapy, and showed a clinical potential of combinational therapy aiming to chemotherapy-induced side effects.


Induction motor drives are widely used in adjustable speed applications. The use of speed sensors (encoders) for speed control introduces difficulties in drives operation and degrades the reliability especially in hostile environments, and makes the system more expensive to maintain and replace. This increases the demand for speed sensor-less induction motor drive schemes where the speed is estimated through various estimation schemes and algorithms. One such method of speed estimation is through the estimation of stator flux of the machine. But the major drawback of this method is its dependence on stator resistance for flux estimation; the stator resistance of an induction motor varies with operating conditions such as loading and temperature. An improved stator flux estimation technique with online stator resistance estimation is proposed in this paper. Stator flux estimator discussed in the paper is based on closed loop offset compensation algorithm and the stator resistance is estimated online using the variables measured from the motor terminals. The proposed schemes for stator flux estimation and stator resistance estimation for speed sensor-less vector controlled induction motor drive are validated through extensive simulation on a Matlab-Simulink platform.


The purpose of this paper was to create a model for improving fertilizer recomendations and to compare two different soil phosphorus tests. Extraction by ammonium lactate (AL-P, common soil test in Croatia) and by sodium bicarbonate solution (Olsen-P, recently standardized soil test in Croatia) were compared in 430 samples. Two results signifficantly correlated (r=0, 745) and the diference was influenced by soil pH. Model for predicting Olsen-P values using common soil data (pHH2O, pHKCl, organic matter, AL-P, AL-K) was validated with new data sets from field fertilization trials. Conductted analyses resulted in significant correlation between soil phosphorus extracted by sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (Olsen P) and by ammonium lactate (AL P). Also, the results showed that Olsen P can be used for fertilizing recomendations instead of AL P. Model will be improved by another P tests.


A field experiment was conducted to study the short-term impact of sensor-based wastewater irrigation scheduling on chemical soil health in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) at Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi during 2019–20. Experiment was conducted with following 6 treatments, viz. T1, Groundwater irrigation (GWI) at 25% Maximum Allowable Depletion (MAD), T2, GWI at 50% MAD, T3, GWI at 75% MAD, T4, Wastewater irrigation (WWI) at 25% MAD, T5, WWI at 50% MAD, T6, WWI at 75% MAD and was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) in open field condition with 4 replications. Soil samples and quality of groundwater and wastewater were assessed during and after the experiment to quantify the chemical properties (pH, EC and OC), primary nutrients (NPK), micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) and heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd). Results shows that pH and EC remains the same. Organic carbon, primary nutrient and micronutrients content significantly increased in wastewater irrigated soils and best result was observed in T5. Moreover, the content of heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) in soils was significantly not changed with different wastewater irrigation treatments. Wastewater irrigation have beneficial impacts on soil chemical parameters in terms of higher amount of organic matter, primary and micronutrients in soil.


Nowadays, neural networks (NNs) are widely applied in the solution of several real world problems. They have been successfully used in many fields such as chemistry, physics, engineering, and bio-informatics among others. However, their use often relies on some handcrafted settings, such as the number of layers and neurons. This chapter will discuss the Structural Risk Minimization (SRM) problem using some multiobjective optimization concepts. Both are closely related to the classical Tikhonov's regularization scheme, and, it is also exploited in this work. A neural network is a learning machine capable to describe, to the input x, the set of functions


Seasonal of gen consumption of surfclam, Mactra veneriformis in Kunsan coastal area had been measured under seasonal ambient temperature condition from January to December 1994. Samples were collected monthly and divided into two groups by shell length of 2 cm (1 year class) and 3 cm (2 year class). The effects of temperature and salinity showed that oxygen consumption decreased with the lower temperature and salinity. Seasonal changes of oxygen consumption in surfclam varied with ambient temperature; it was showed below winter season and in summer season. The difference of oxygen consumption in two groups was appeared markdly in summer season. The relationship between oxygen consumption and the seasonal ambient temperature were obtained exponential equation as for 2 cm group and for 3 cm group. The slop of regression line between two groups was not significant, and so there was no difference in patterns of the oxygen consumption between two groups.


ABSTRAK Divorce happens because of the divorce from her husband, the court may oblige the former husband to provide cost of living in the form of a living iddah and mut'ah. The research problem is: (1) How is the implementation of the decision of the judge about living iddah and mut'ah in divorce cases divorce in the Religious Class 1A Padang. (2) What is the rationale for the judge in determining the amount of maintenance iddah and mut'ah. (3) Are the barriers to the implementation of the verdict against living iddah and mut'ah in divorce cases divorce in the Religious Class 1A Padang. This research uses juridical sociological research. Sources of data are the primary data and secondary data. Data collected through interviews and document study. After the data was analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS: (1) Livelihoods iddah and mut'ah husband paid before the oath of divorce. (2) The basis for consideration of the judge in determining the amount of maintenance iddah and mut'ah is appropriate capabilities and needs of the wife's husband. (3) obstacles in the implementation of the judge's ruling, the husband does not want to implement the judge's decision voluntarily, for the judge would delay the divorce pledge for 6 (six) months. This is done to protect the rights of the wife on living iddah and mut'ah. Keywords: Divorced Separations, Livelihoods iddah and Mut'ah


Combing the Wuyishan site Red Pavilion design with landscape tourism, to create a special golden tourist route with a multi dimensional reticular symbiosis, furthermore,to build the " doublebeautiful environment". From the perspective of diversity of tourism,the paper discussed the new design of Wuyishan tourism, which is bound to necessary for the other tourism cities like wuyishan to construct special tourism with historical culture.


Although, historically, fault tolerance is connected to safetycritical systems, there has been an increasing interest in fault tolerance in mainstream application such as the cloud. There is a need for formal specification and verification of industrial fault-tolerant designs, since they integrate, in a non-trivial way, the ideas from distributed algorithms, whose correctness is usually based on very subtle mathematical arguments. More and more fault-tolerant designs are formally specified in TLA. Based on our experience in model checking of fault-tolerant distributed algorithms, we propose a research agenda towards model checking of fault-tolerant designs in TLA.


Volume 2 • Issue 1 • 2013 Introduction A case of thrombosis associated with a malignant tumor was first reported by Trousseau in 1865 [1], which supposedly resulted from chronic disseminated intravenous coagulation. Later, malignant tumors were found to occasionally accompany arterial or venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolisms, or non-infectious endocarditis [2,3]. Trousseau syndrome is associated with poor prognosis due to coagulation abnormalities of malignant tumors [4]. Although 90% progressive malignant tumors with metastases have coagulation abnormalities [5], 50% result in thrombosis or embolism. In our case, although a stomach tumor revealed via upper gastroendoscopy was originally believed to be a recurrence of gastric cancer, immunostaining showed that such growth was due to invasive pancreatic cancer. However, there are few reports mentioning endoscopic findings of stomach tumors resulting from invasive pancreatic cancer because pancreatic cancer rarely invades the stomach. Thus, our case is very unique. Herein, we report a case of Trousseau syndrome in a female patient with end-stage pancreatic cancer.


Multinationals may enter a host market by different modes of foreign direct investment (FDI). Two are widely used: Cross-Border M&A and Greenfield Investment. In practice, M&A transaction has increased dramatically in China over the last several years. This paper examines the choice of FDI modes, and makes a comparison between the two modes from the external and internal impacts. Then get the conclusion that we should choose the right mode according to the different situation about the firms in the international market. The purpose of this paper is going to analyze the two entry modes specifically and helps us better understand the two modes. This article consists of four parts. Part1 is a short introduction to China today. Part II briefly introduces the current status of M&A and Greenfield Investment. Part III compares the two entry modes from their implementations, cost, external and internal sides. At the last part, we get the conclusion and make the suggestions to our investors.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method for covering light airplanes with polyester sheathing fabric, as well as to dispersive hot-gluing glue and its application for covering. For covering, polyester sheathing fabric with longitudinal shrinkage of 7% and transversal shrinkage of 5% at 160-180°C is used. In the process of covering light airplanes and/or their parts consisting of frame system, sheathing fabric in the area of its overhangs and frame parts is covered by dispersive hot-gluing glue and wrapped around longeron part of frame so that when connection between sheathing fabric and frame produced by glue is destructed the fabric could be held on frame carcass. Dispersive hot-gluing glue contains 80-88% of adhesive, 12-15% of hardener and 0.15-0.3% thickener, and the glue is polymerised at temperatures >40°C. The hardener contains 54-60% of solvent, 0.35-0.5% of naphthalensulfonic acid sodium salt-based stabiliser, 0.25-0.35% of propoxylated spirit-based emulsifier, 1.7-1.9% of polyetheramines-based hardener, 37-41% of polyisocyanate. EFFECT: reliability and durability of light airplanes and/or their parts covering. 15 cl, 3 dwg


Thermal conductivities of binary gas systems are calculated on the basis of existing experimental data and of 12-6 Lennard-Jones and rigid-sphere interatomic interaction approximations for the case of gas discharge in Ne-He mixtures. Assuming that the gas temperature varies only in the radial direction and using the calculated thermal conductivities, an analytical solution of the steady-state heat conduction equation is found for uniform power input. Two cases are considered: taking or not taking into account the radiance of a ceramic tube insert. Measurement of the relative intensities of some He and Ne spectral lines, originating from different upper levels, has enabled us to determine the average electron temperature, using a line-ratio method of optical emission spectroscopy.


The experiment was to determine the composition of putak waste nutrein to increase through  fermentation by Aspergillus niger , Saccharomyces cereviseae and its combinations. The experiment method used laboratory experimental method by applying Nested Plot Random Design. The first factor is inoculum (P): Aspergillus niger , Saccharomyces cereviseae and their combination on the level of 1,5% and the incubation time length (W): 0, 24, 48, 72 hours as the second factor. Variables measured of putak waste fiber component analysis. The results showed that the type of inoculum effect on fiber component (Neutral Detergent Fiber / NDF, Hemicellulose and Lignin) is very significantly influence (P 0,05) to ADF, Hemicellulose, Cellulose and Lignin.


The object of research is the development of compound feed recipes from local oilseeds grown in Uzbekistan. The purpose of this study is to correctly compile a feed recipe, determine the quality and protein content of feed and digestibility use rich protein nutritional value in feeding farm animals for fattened cattle to produce a batch of feed. The conditions for obtaining high-quality feed food for wide use in industrial feed production are defined.


The 26th of March the European Parliament voted for the directive Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (COM/2016/0593).Th ...


Abstract : Dallas modifications and tests, Albuquerque land tests, shallow and deep water tests off the coast of California, and antenna tests were run to prove that the Ocean-Bottom Seismograph is a practicable seismograph. Dallas modifications included pressure switches added to the radio transmitter and the beacon light. A new high-precision motor was added to the tape recorder. Pressure transducer sensitivity was increased by approximately 20 db. The trigger board was redesigned for sonar recall. The U-joint, battery boxes, bottom and side plugs, and secondary release were also modified, and an input filter was added. Albuquerque land tests showed almost exact duplication between OBS data and that from adjacent reference seismometers. Shallow and deep water tests showed that the unit was basically reliable, but showed a resonance problem. The consequent antenna tests resulted in a switch to wrap around antennas to solve the ocean current-induced resonance. Clock tests were run to test the accuracy of the clocks at 3C and 25C and to measure the thermal time lag.


Existing polygon clipping algorithms are all offered for a rectangular window or a convex polygonal window. But polygon clipping and tilling against a circle is often required in practical use. In this paper, a convex polygon clipping algorithm based on a circle is presented. A theorem about a convex polygon P within 1
a circular window V is also given.


Summary of Seventeen Electoral Systems in Central and Eastern Europe Months Tiers Legal Threshold Effective Since 1st N (national) N (national) Number of Transitional Election Electoral Competitive R (regional) District Number of Assembly R (regional) Parties in Stage Country Date Formula Election D (district) Magnitude Districts Size D (district) Electorate II Estonia Mar-90 STY 0 D 2.3 46 105 none 2.78 III Estonia Sept-92 quasi-d'Hondt 30 D 8.4 11 101 5%N 8.33 III Estonia Mar-95 quasi-d'Hondt 60 D 9.2 12 101 5%N 5.82 II Hungary Mar-90 SMC, runoff 0 D I 176 176 4%N 6.49 quota R 6 20 120 d'Hondt N 90 90 III Hungary May-94 SMC, runoff 50 D 176 176 5%N 5.26 quota R 6.25 20 125 d'Hondt N 85 I 85 Latvia Mar-90 SMC, runoff 0 D 201 201 (191) none 1.96* II Latvia Jun-93 Sainte-Lague 39 D 20 5 100 4%N 7.06 III Latvia Oct-95 Sainte-Lague 67 D 20 5 100 5%N 9.34 Lithuania Feb-90 SMC, runoff 0 D I 141 141 none 1.62* II Lithuania Oct-92 SMC, runoff 32 D 71 141 4.09 d'Hondt N 70 5%N[2%]** III Lithuania Oct-96 SMC, runoff 80 D 71 141 7.94 LR-Hare N 70 4%N Poland Jun-89 SMC, runoff 0 D 3.9 108 425 none 2.00 Majority, list N 35 35 none


Aim of this thesis was to proof the possibility to detect the application of anabolic androgenic substances (AAS) via mRNA expression analysis in different tissues and species. With the identification of so-called biomarkers for anabolic agents using qRT-PCR, a gene expression pattern for AAS should be established. The identified gene regulations could also be used to show up physiological effects, induced by the AAS.
First effects of AAS treatment on metabolic pathways could be discovered. Additionally first tissue specific biomarkers could be detected which could be taken to establish a tissue specific screening pattern for AAS.
With this thesis first steps toward a possible new screening method for AAS could be done, that could help to uncover abuse if anabolic agents in the future.


1. Relationships between foraging strategy, flight performance and wing shape in animals can be demonstrated with the use of aerodynamic theory. The optimal morphology is dictated not only by foraging behaviour and habitat selection but also by size of prey and migratory habits, as well as flight display. Here I demonstrate how changes in body size and structure of wings and tail affect the optimal flight speeds and power required to fly. 2. Long-tailed birds flying with their tails hanging downwards-backwards (e. g. widowbirds) are predicted to fly more slowly than short-tailed birds to save energy or to have larger wings (broader and/or longer wings giving lower wing loading) to compensate for increased tail drag during flight. Assuming that the tail length is five times as long in a long-tailed bird than in a short-tailed (normal) one, the minimum power and maximum range power would be about 30% higher in the long-tailed bird and the corresponding speeds about 40% slower. Ignoring wing inertial loads as a cost (inertial power) the corresponding percentages would become 16-18% higher powers and slower speeds. 3. I predict that members of a bird family that display in hovering or vertical take-off flights should not have elongated wings if wing inertia is important. In contrast to most other widowbird species, males of Jackson's widowbird (Euplectes jacksoni) do not have elongated wings (Anderson 1992), although they have particularly costly tails (Thomas 1993). This species has abandoned forward flight display and instead uses a vertical take-off and hovering flight display. Inertial costs appear to explain this result. 4. An increase in weight causes an increase in wing loading, which in turn requires higher flight speed for production of enough lift. A 50% increase in body mass (as fat, an egg or a fetus inside the body), would increase P mr and P mp by about 45-50% and V mr and V mp by about 20-25% (symbols defined in Fig. 1), when inertial power is taken to be zero. 5. A bird or bat carrying prey in the beak/mouth or claws should use about the same speed for minimization of flight costs as when flying without prey. 6. For low flight costs, and assuming a perfect elastic storage (zero inertial power), fast-flying species should benefit from short, narrow, high-aspect-ratio wings, hovering species should have long wings and slow-flying species should have larger wings (lower wing loadings) but with no particular demands on the aspect ratio. Ignoring inertial power the best flight economy is attained by the combination of a low wing loading (enabling slow flight) and high aspect ratio (Norberg & Rayner 1987; Norberg 1990). If we assume that inertial power is an important cost in hovering, a hovering animal should have short wings to minimize mechanical power


According to the subparagraph 7, paragraph 1, article 32 of the current Juvenile Act, the judge of Juvenile Court can rule a disposition of...


The objectives of this research were to study the effect of mungbean water extract from various plant parts on growth and nodulation of soybean. Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek.] was known as a crop plant, which possessed allelopathic potential. Allelochemicals in plant body were distributed at least to leaves, stems and roots. The released of allelochemicals into the environment could affect the life of microorganism and other plants around it for example soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and its microsimbiont. The research was conducted at green house. The completely randomized design with two variables was used in this study. The first variable was various plant parts as the water extract source with 3 elements (leaves, stems, roots). The second variable was concentration of water extract with 4 rates of concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 100%). Plants height was observed every 3 days. Plants wet weight, dry weight, leaf area, shoot-root ratio, and also number of nodules, nodules wet weight, nodules dry weight, and percentage of effective nodules and nitrogenase activity were measured on 37 days after harvesting time. Acetylene Reduction Assay was utilized to measure nitrogenase activity. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by DMRT with 5% of confidence levels. The result of the research indicated that water extract of various mungbean plant parts showed no significant influences on growth and nodulation of soybean neither stimulatory nor inhibitory effect. Keywords: allelopathy, growth, nodulation, Vigna radiata, Glycine max.


Abstract During the period 1984–1986 archeological excavations were carried out in "Bol'shoy Glukhoy"; cave, a karst cave on the Chusovaya River, a tributary of the Upper Kama in northeastern European Russia. The excavations revealed a multilayer Paleolithic site, with at least five distinct Paleolithic culture layers. Three layers from the Upper Paleolithic represented only brief periods of occupance. The lowest culture layer is dated to the Acheulean archeological epoch of the Middle Pleistocene (Late Dnepr) on the basis of the morphology of the stone tools found, and of the geological and paleonto‐logical data. This provides evidence that man had already occupied the Upper Kama basin by the Lower Paleolithic. The association of artifacts with remains of a tundra fauna would indicate that these early occupants of "Bol'shoy Glukhoy"; cave were capable of coping with the severe climates of a Middle Pleistocene glacial phase.


A previously constructed $T$-matrix approach for studying the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is improved by incorporating spin-dependent interactions between partons. These interactions arise from the relativistic corrections to the Cornell potential. We first study the vacuum spectroscopy of quarkonia with this potential and find that a significant admixture of a vector component in the confining potential (rather than the previously considered scalar interaction) improves the description of the experimental mass splittings in $S$- and $P$-wave states. The in-medium potential containing the vector component in the confining interaction is constrained by fitting lattice-QCD results for heavy-quark (HQ) free energies and the equation of state (EoS) computed within in the selfconsistent $T$-matrix framework. We subsequently extract the transport coefficients for charm quarks in the QGP with the improved in-medium potentials. The relativistic corrections to the vector component of the confining potential cause a notable increase in the thermal relaxation rate of charm quarks in the QGP in comparison to previous calculations, especially at high momenta. These results are expected to have significant ramifications for the phenomenology of open heavy-flavor observables at RHIC and the LHC.


This study concerns the Baekje Traditional Garden, one of the open spaces in the Lotte Resort in the Baekje Historical Reappearance Complex, which is part of the comprehensive plan for specific areas in the Baekje cultural area. The Baekje Traditional Garden has historic value, and its excellent garden style influenced the ancient Japanese gardens. This study dealt with three issues: (1) The context in which Lotte Buyeo Resort accepted the Baekje Traditional Garden, particularly the background and process of such; (2) The original form of the Baekje Traditional Garden; and (3) How the Baekje Traditional Garden should be represented in the open space of the resort. Representation is accomplished in two ways: using the structure of the original garden and in the borrowing of elements. For representation using the structure of the original garden, Imrugak was used as the main entrance space, and Wolsunjung was represented from the Ganbuklee remains. In the rear garden are wave watercourses and other garden facilities of the Wanggungri site in Iksan. Borrowing of elements, on the other hand, was accomplished in the plant plan and detailed development. In addition, mountaintops (three mountains and five mountain summits), a clean stream between mountains, and a pine forest are visualized in the garden. This is the representative landscape of the Taoist hermit world that appeared in the Baekje Gilt Bronze Incense Burner and Landscape pattern. The significance of this study is twofold. First, the Baekje Traditional Garden is a fresh trail because there has been no previous research concerning it. Second, while past research concerning traditional spaces focused on the results of representation, this study focused on the process of representation. This means that this research work tried to extend the study concerning the representation of traditional spaces from the conceptual to the practical approach. This study, however, also has its limitations. The authenticity of the representation suggested in this study may be questioned later because efforts have been made to preserve the original Baekje Traditional Garden. In addition, this study should seek a balance between authenticity on one hand and amusement and diversity of experience on the other, because the site is a resort.


Objective: To investigate the levels of pulse pressure(PP) in senile, and the relationship between PP and stroke prevalence rate. Methods: 3850 senile(aged≥60 years were divided into 4 subgroups according to the level of PP≤60mmHg,60~80mmHg,80~100mmHg,100mmHg) respectively. The levels of PP, systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the stroke prevalence rate were analysized. Results: PP increased when SBP increased (P0.01). The stroke prevalence rate increased when the level of PP were higher(P0.05). Conclusion: PP play an important role in senile blood pressure ,and were related with stroke invents.


Foreign and security policy were not areas in which Prime Minister Cameron was seeking to renegotiate the relationship between the UK and the European Union (EU), but security may be a key issue in the EU referendum. The untangling of Britain's foreign and security policy from the EU following a Brexit vote would be relatively uncomplicated. The EU's arrangements for collective foreign and security policy, the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP), are conducted on an intergovernmental basis which allows the UK to preserve independence in its diplomacy while allowing for the coordination of policy where interests are held in common with other member states. The UK retains substantial diplomatic and military capabilities which would allow it to continue to pursue a separate national foreign, security and defence policy in the case of either a 'Leave' or 'Remain' outcome.


Valuable feedback concerning training and staff development can be obtained from the exit interview. It is on the comparison of the different manners in which the questionnaires are administered that this study is focused.


The attached tables present intercensal estimates of poverty for New York State counties. These estimates are experimental and for review and comment. They do not represent official state estimates of the poverty population in New York State....These poverty estimates were developed at the request of the New York State Department of Health Bureau of Nutrition for the purpose of distributing monies for the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC). (EXCERPT)


This collection of 17 essays contains three chapters on "shih" poetry, ten chapters on Sung "tz'u", and four chapters on the works of Wang Kuo-wei. It includes ten previously published works, including Hightower's work on T'ao Ch'ien and Yeh's studies of Sung "tz'u", as well as seven additions to the literature on Chinese poetry. The essays treat individual poets, particular poetic techniques (allusion, for example), and general issues of period style and poetry criticism. The previously published items have been updated to include the Chinese texts of all the poems presented in translation.


Urban redevelopment projects persist predominantly within the Downtown central business district of the Kingston metropolitan area. This narrow spatial focus of redevelopment projects and efforts ignores the implication for development of the wider metropolitan area and the national urban structure. Evidence suggests that the efforts put in urban redevelopment have achieved moderate success in a few areas and have failed, in others, to provide the revitalisation and renewal energy needed t\o manage contemporary socio-demographic, spatial and economic dynamics and ensure urban sustainability. Compressing data and information collected over the last 10 years from various pertinent sources the research also draws upon a large volume of intellectual literature. The myriad of negative consequences of the redevelopment efforts since 1907 to date have all ultimately linked to ineffective urban management, lacking both philosophical and technical base. The experiences are valuable tools in improving the future relationship between urban redevelopment and urban development.


This study aims to determine the effect of latex addition to the durability of the Split Mastic Asphalt (SMA) pavement mixture in order to increase its durability when the road is flooded. Durability test conducted where the sample was immersed in water for 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours, with latex variations of 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%. From the results of the study it was found that the durability of asphalt mixture without latex was higher than that of SMA with latex. The durability indexes were 6.740%, 10.648, 11.717, 13.884, 14.766 and 9.991 for 0%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5% latex in the mixture respectively. The higher the index the lower the strength. In addition, the longer the soaking time the lower the strength. However, as the latex in the mixture increases, the stability was also increase achieved at 3% latex. The SMA pavement mixture with the addition of latex does not increase its durability but can increase its stability value. So, it is recommended that SMA pavement mixture with latex is only for pavement where the water level is not high.


As an efficient clean energy, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) has been widely applied in many fields. Large-scale LNG vehicle transportation is becoming more and more frequent, and due to accidents involving LNG transportation tanks, tank leakage, pool fire and explosion accidents are also increasing. Large-scale LNG tanker leaks, as well as pool fire and explosion experiments are carried out in a 5 m × 3 m × 1.5 m deep experimental pool. LNG tanker leakage, LNG discharge and gasification due to different conditions of loading pressure, and LNG pool combustion, gas cloud explosion accident evolution and chain disaster accident probability and its influencing factors are analysed in the paper. The fire fighting suppression effectiveness are also analysed by using the powder gun and high foam in the large scale LNG pool fire. On the basis of the experiments, the LNG leakage, explosion and pool fire disasters accident evolution mechanism, including fire emergency disposal tactics and LNG tank fire effective suppression strategy are proposed. The results of the experiments are also of great significance and value to improve the efficiency of LNG tanker accident emergency disposal.


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In order to ensure the safe operation of intelligent agricultural machinery, a field obstacle tracking method based on the Extend Kalman Filter and millimeter-wave radar is proposed. Firstly, the state prediction value of the next detection cycle is obtained according to the posterior estimated value of the current detection cycle and the corresponding covariance matrix. For the first tracking cycle, the value observed by radar is used as the posterior estimated value. Then, the observed value of the next cycle is matched with the predicted value to determine the target. Finally, the observed value and predicted value obtained in the previous step are updated through the Extend Kalman Filter to obtain the posterior estimated value of the second cycle. Simulation experiments show that the average tracking error is 0.15 m, which is 51.61% lower than the average error of radar observations. It proves this method can meet the requirements for obstacle tracking in the unstructured field environment.


Crude palm oil (CPO) is one of the vegetable oil cheaply available in the Andhra Pradesh region in India. It is mainly used as a vegetable oil in cooking purposes. It has potential to use as engine oil in IC engines. In this paper, we investigated crude palm as engine oil in 4 Stroke motorbike instead of commercially available engine oil in the market and the results shows that the thermal properties are nearly same that of engine oil and it can be used as engine oil in automobiles.


The prophenoloxidase (proPO) activating system (proPO-AS) involved in crude extracts of rice planthopper %Nilaparvata lugens% (Stl) and green peach aphid %Myzus persicae% (Sulzer) was investigated in relation to potentially influential agents. The results showed that as Ca 2+ concentration increased from 0.1 mmol/L to 100 mmol/L, the activities of phenoloxidase (PO) in the crude extracts of %N. lugens% and %M. persicae% were concentration dependent. The activation of the proPO peaked at 30 mmol/L of the Ca 2+ concentration. However, a further increase of the Ca 2+ to 100 mmol/L resulted in a decrease in proPO activation. Incubation of the extracts in conjunction with different concentrations of laminarin (from 10 -4 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL) witnessed the levels of proPO activation entirely depending on the laminarin concentrations. When different glucans were used as activating agents, laminarin and zysoman significantly enhanced the PO activities whereas the effect of curdlan was not significant compared to a blank control. In contrast, the PO activities were reduced when mannan, dextran or cellulose was added. These results indicated that the β-1,3-glucan effectively activated the proPO present in the extracts of the two insect species with the proPO-AS selectively responding to different glucans. The sequence of adding Ca 2+ and phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluorid (a serine protease inhibitor) in the extracts also affected the PO activities.


Technology for understanding the real-time molecular events occurring within cells that underpins their behaviour is currently lacking. Despite important developments, the biochemical processes in a cell can be only poorly quantified, limiting the ability to resolve the dynamic molecular processes that underlie important cellfate decisions, such as differentiation, cell division and cell death. (Published: 13 August 2013) Citation: Nano Reviews 2013, 4 : 22429 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/nano.v4i0.22429