1. This is a length of colon from a 10-week-old pig which had developed a debilitating scour. The condition, in varying degree, was widespread in the herd although there were few deaths. The faeces from this animal were grey, mucoid and had been flecked with blood. A histological section of the colon showed hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelium with enlargement of the glands and a surface inflammatory reaction. Protozoa identifiable as Ba/antidium co/ih were present in the surface debris. What can you deduce about the nature of the lesions present in this case and the possible causal agents?


The restoration approaches by using DEBUG tools for the deleted files under windows 9x was discussed in this article with analysis of the disc boot sector, the file direction and file access tables.


This short article offers an overview of the most commonly held understandings of the notion of cyber sovereignty and attempts to push the research agenda with further questions. First, it outlines the regularly offered distinction between state sovereignty and platform sovereignty in cyberspace. However, instead of holding with this distinction, it presents cyber sovereignty as a techno-legal sphere characterised by claims to governance by states, companies, and individuals. With this angle, cyberspace appears as one of the most significant sites of our contemporary political and economic life. Second, while this contribution suggests that we should work with an analytic frame that embraces the intertwined character of cyberspace as techno-legal space governed by a multitude of different actors, the article argues that on a normative level, we still lack an in-depth understanding of the contradictory interests of the actors involved. We have not sufficiently grasped the power structures in cyberspace on either the economic or the political plane. The article suggests drawing on the tradition of critical legal scholarship to first map the field along a set of fundamental questions and then define legal strategies for redistribution and inclusion in cyberspace.


Thin films of Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT) and B-site substituted BLT by Zr, i.e. Bi3.25La0.75Ti3−xZrxO12 (BLTZx, x = 0.20, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50) were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Structures and electrical characteristics of the polycrystalline films were studied as functions of Zr composition. Structures were investigated by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It is revealed that the Zr substitution does not destroy the layered structures of BLT but the Zr substitution tolerance is limited. With increasing Zr composition, generally, the octahedra-related vibration modes show a significant low-frequency shift. Compared with the well-known BLT films, the BLTZ0.20 films have larger remnant polarization (Pr), smaller coercive field (Ec) and better fatigue resistance. However, further increasing Zr composition leads to weakened ferroelectricity of the BLTZx films with decreased Pr and reduced fatigue resistance. The effects of Zr substitution on structures and ferroelectric properties of BLT and the correlation between structures and properties are discussed in detail.


Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a broad range of hosts and a high resistance to inactivation in the environment. Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are considered major hosts within the natural ecology of FMDV. The objective of this research was to determine the seroprevalence of FMDV in Jesus Maria Semprun and Catatumbo Counties, Zulia State, Venezuela. A proportional stratified sampling was undertaken in September 2013. Blood samples were collected from 549 buffaloes (25 farms), and sera were used for 3ABC iELISA. Seroprevalences and odds ratios for risk factors were calculated. Likewise, a logistic regression model was created. Seroprevalences were 10.5 and 6.6% at animal level and 75 and 53.85% at herd level in Catatumbo and Jesus Maria Semprun Counties, respectively. A higher seroprevalence in animals older than 24 months (10.8%, P0.05). Animals older than 24 months and belonging to a farm where at least three susceptible species share pastures, were the factors that increased the odds of being in contact with FMDV. In conclusion, there is a low FMDV seroprevalence at buffalo level but a high seroprevalence at farm level in Catatumbo and Jesus Maria Semprun Counties. It is recommended to increase vaccination and epidemiological surveillance in buffalo farms in those Counties, especially since buffaloes are an important FMDV reservoir to cattle, which in turn are more prone to display clinical signs and hence outbreaks ensue


In this paper we consider constraints on configurations consisting of finitely many surfaces em‐ bedded in an oriented closed 4‐manifold and its genera. A study of a family of the Seiberg‐Witten equations, namely, the (high‐dimensional" wall crossing phenomenon plays a prominent role in our method. The results in § 2 are based on [3]. 1 The adjunction inequalities and configurations of embedded surfaces with positive intersection numbers It is a fundamental problem in 4‐dimensional topology to find a lower bound for the genus of an embedded surface which represents a given second homology class of a 4‐ dimensional manifold. This problem is often called the minimal genus problem. For example, the minimal genus problem for \mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{2} is called the Thom conjecture and this is one of the most classical problem in 4‐dimensional topology. Gauge theory provides strong tools to answer the minimal genus problem and a certain type of inequality for genus obtained by gauge theory is often called the adjunction in‐ equality. Here we explain this terminology. Let X be a complex surface and C a smooth algebraic curve in X . Then it is easy to see that the Euler characteristic $\chi$(C)=2-2g(C) satisfies the equality $\chi$(C)=c_{1}(X)\cdot C+C^{2}, where means the intersection number and C^{2}=C\cdot C . This equality is called the adJunction formula. When X is a C^{\infty}4‐manifold and a surface $\Sigma$ is embedded to X in C^{\infty} sense, then, in general, we cannot determine g( $\Sigma$) by the homology class [ $\Sigma$] . However, a surprising observation in Kronheimer‐Mrowka [4] is that, for a suitable characteristic c\in H^{2}(X;\mathbb{Z}) , one can expect the inequality $\chi$( $\Sigma$)\geq|c\cdot[ $\Sigma$]|+[ $\Sigma$]^{2}. This type of inequality is called the adjunction inequality. 数理解析研究所講究録 第2004巻 2016年 13-22 13


Core of circular economy is the circular flow of substances between industries or between industries and environment.Development of circular economy should rely on concrete sectors and enterprises.It is also important to clear the relations among substance circular utilizations and corresponding sectors.In order to differentiate relationships of traditional sectors,and to avoid the wrong way to guide circular economy establishment under traditional industrial theory,the article advances the concepts of industrial system and circular economy industrial system.The industrial system is what is integrated by connection and restriction tied by substance circular utilization.According to the flow mode of substance in environment-social system,the article divides circular economy industrial system into material sector,population sector and environmental sector.For the development of circular economy on the basis of traditional(linear) economic theory,it is necessary to standardize human behavior on ecological principle,and emphasize on strengthen environmental sector that regenerate and reuse wastes,as well as make it harmonize with the other two sectors.Industrial system is the development of industrial structure concept,and circular economy industrial system is the important content of circular economy theory and practices.The emphasis of circular economy establishment is to construct circular economy theoretical system and constitute corresponding rules,laws and industrial policies.


Data storage capacity and high processing speed available today has made it possible to digitally sample and store the entire reflected waveform of Small-Footprint Airborne Lidar (light detection and ranging), instead of only extracting the discrete coordinates which form the so-called point clouds. One of the most important advantages from waveforms data is that it gives the user the chance to extract three-dimensional coordinates by himself in the post-processing. Decomposition return waveform is a key step during analyzing waveform data. Conventional algorithm to decompose is maximum and centre of gravity, or simply by using the thresholding method provided by equipment vendor. Both show lack of high accuracy. In this paper, an improved Expectation Maximum (EM) algorithm is adopted to extract peak location and pulse width from raw waveform data, proving it is a reliable and high accurate decomposition algorithm. Moreover, the high-quality point-cloud data could be obtained which provides high-quality resources for DSM(Digital Surface Model) and DTM(Digital Terrain Model) production. Derived forest biophysical parameters, such as vegetation height and crown volume are able to describe the horizontal and vertical forest canopy structure. ∗ Email:firstname.lastname@example.com


A 5-year-old girl was admitted with fever and diurnal enuresis. In her medical history, she had numerous recurrent urinary tract infections; however, she was not evaluated with radiological methods. Urinalysis revealed pyuria and the urine culture grew >100 000 Escherichia coli. Urinary ultrasonography showed that the left kidney was smaller than the right kidney, with a longitudinal kidney diameter 60 mm and 75 mm, respectively. DMSA renal scintigraphy also revealed contraction of the whole left kidney, while the right kidney was normal. There was reduced function on the left kidney, contributing to total renal function of only 17%. Voiding cystourethrogram performed 4 weeks after infection revealed left grade 4 vesicoureteral reflux with intrarenal reflux (IRR) and right grade 3 vesicoureteral reflux without IRR (Figure 1).


The development of a novel antenna element which can be closely integrated with circuitry on a high permittivity substrate is described. The 2% to 3% loss due to backwards radiation could be eliminated, if necessary, and still leave adequate space for circuitry, by using triplate round the slot and with microstrip to triplate transitions each side. It may be possible to control element radiation patterns by shaping the dielectric interfaces and to improve the match by optimising the resonant layers, but in the absence of a rigorous theory this could be a long and expensive exercise. It is also possible that mutual coupling could be reduced by using elements with a circular aperture and arranging them on a triangular lattice.


The Swedish king Gustav III (1746-92) and his subject, the naturalist Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), can both, in different respects, be characterized as cosmopolitans. Gustav III, born in Stockh ...


The basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations of 12 diet-treated maturity-onset diabetics were measured at minute intervals for 2 h. Brief, irregular oscillations (mean period 8.8 min) in plasma insulin were superimposed on longer term fluctuations (> 30 min). Time series analysis demonstrated a synchronous plasma glucose oscillation (mean amplitude 0.03 mmol/L) associated with short insulin cycles. The glucose changes seen in diabetic subjects were similar to the short plasma insulin cycles (< 10 min) observed in normal subjects. In contrast, the longer plasma insulin cycles (> 10 min) of normal subjects were associated with a plasma glucose oscillation that rose before the end of the cycle. The demonstration of insulin oscillations independent of preceding plasma glucose changes in both normal and diabetic subjects suggests a pancreatic oscillating mechanism or "pacemaker." The associated glucose changes may reflect the entrainment, by the insulin cycles, of glucose production or utilization.


We calculate quark distribution functions and ${F}_{2}$ structure functions for protons and neutrons. The calculation is performed in the light-cone frame. The dressed nucleon is assumed to be a superposition of the bare nucleon plus virtual light-cone Fock states of baryon-meson pairs. The bare nucleon is assumed to be composed of a diquark and a quark. The initial distributions are evolved. The ${F}_{2}$ structure functions calculated from the evolved distributions are compared with NMC results. Also, the Gottfried sum rule is calculated and observed to be violated. However, the degree of violation is smaller than observation, an indication that the meson cloud model is not the only source of contribution to the Gottfried sum-rule violation.


Because of the large span between bus bars and the big diameter and heavy weight of tubular buses, it has been a difficult issue to control the deflection of buses for the 750kV power distribution unit. Based on the hanging test on suspended tubular buses and the actual conditions in spot, finite models were established with different support types and rigidities to simplify the true hanging points and provide an effective reference for the optimization design of suspended tubular buses.


We consider optical properties of 4 neutral hexacoordinated Si(bzimpy) 2 complexes, containing the 2,6- bis(benzimidazol-2 ′ -yl)pyridineligandusingDFTmethod. Thegeometricalparametersoftheoptimized cluster structures, the electronic absorption spectrum, and the molecular orbitals of the structures under consideration are discussed. The e ff ect of addition of the substituents ligands to the of Si(bzimpy) 2 compound is considered. We found that succesive addition of substituents shifts HOMO and LUMO to higher values. The manipulation may provide desirable optical properties of the material.


This paper describes an investigation of the events when sub-sea pipeline is impacted by submarine slide. Investigations are carried out by developing the model in the laboratory in the form of a collision between sub-aqueous mudflow with a pipe stem. Gravity flow concepts of fluid mechanics principles and lock-exchange system are adopted to build the laboratory experiment. It is implemented into a set of equipment of rectangular channel to generate the simulation of mudflow in water ambient. A crosswise pipe stem positioned at certain run-out distance is collided by mud flow. Mud model used is slurry of kaolin clay-water mixtures. The collision attributes of the collision event is including velocity, Reynolds number, maximum drag force exerted by mudflow, and drag force coefficient. All are observed based on percentage of kaolin clay content. The series of experiments is representing the estimation of drag forces exerted by muddy submarine slide on pipeline in the prototype condition.


Background and Aim: Dislodgment of prosthetic crowns is a common occurrence. In such cases, recementation is a suitable treatment option. The aim of this study was to compare the retention in cementation and recementation using different resin cements. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 40 premolars were selected (n=10). They were standardized relative to some properties and then the wax patterns were prepared and cast. After 24 h, all specimens were decemented using Instron universal testing machine. The castings were then re-cemented and stored under the same conditions. After 24 h, the cemented copings were dislodged, and the separation load was recorded. Results: The highest and the lowest mean retention values belonged to Panavia F2 and Maxcem cements in both initial cementation and recementation groups, respectively. Paired sample t-test showed a significant difference in the retention of G-CEM group between initial cementation and recementation (P=0.009). The two-factorial repeated measures ANOVA showed the significant effect of cement type on retention (P=0.009), and there was a significant difference in retention between initial cementation and recementation (P=0.006). The Tukey's HSD test revealed a significant difference in retentive strength between the Maxcem and Panavia F2 (P=0.011). The lowest mean difference was observed between Bifix SE and Maxcem groups (-16.75 kgf, P=0.89). Conclusion: The maximum and minimum mean retention values belonged to Panavia F2 cement and Maxcem in both initial cementation and recementation groups, respectively. There was a significant difference between the initial cementation and recementation in G-CEM group.


SQUID magnetic measurements have been performed on a series of PbTe narrow-gap semiconductors with n- and p-type conductivity in the field of temperatures 1.7-20 K and magnetic fields up to 1 Oe. Is shown that in a matrix PbTe are available microscopic inclusions of lead with the minimum sizes 1300 angstrom with concentration of atoms of lead in them N approximately (1 divided by 5) X 1018 cm-3 and phase transition characteristic for II type superconductor.


As students of the 21 century enter into higher education, faculty's pedagogical styles and delivery methods must evolve to address the rapidly changing needs and skills of the students and society. One such method is through the use of web-based course management delivery systems and interactive software. Web-based interactive course management tools are relatively new educational phenomena. In the therapeutic and rehabilitative exercise curriculums this powerful new instrument may be utilized to enhance cognitive comprehension of basic theories, definitions, and applications. In addition, this webbased interactive tool may also function as a virtual assistant for the learning and mastery of various psychomotor skills necessary in the clinic. Incorporating and utilizing the various computer technologies, allows for the necessary foundational cognitive building outside the traditional classroom while creating a more inclusive environment inside the classroom for a deeper and richer problem-based learning exercise. In the rehabilitation settings it is not only important that the student understands the material but that they also develop the necessary critical thinking skills for appropriate application of the theoretical knowledge. It has been shown that incorporating problem-based learning into a curriculum is an effective way to improve an individual's critical thinking skills. In the model careful planning and implementation was needed to develop an interactive web-based instrument that serves all students in the class regardless of their learning style or rate of comprehension.


The US outlook on the future of nuclear power can be divided into three perspectives, here termed the macroeconomic perspective, the technological perspective, and the utility perspective (including independent power producers, or IPPs). A brief review of the macroeconomic and technological perspectives shows how differently the public, the media, politicians, and many nonutility advocates of nuclear power view the future of nuclear power (and, especially, the requirements for new orders) compared with the utilities and prospective IPPs.


An online database provides an analysis of human phosphatases and their substrates. Investigating the Flip Side of Phosphorylation Although less studied than their kinase counterparts in the role of phosphorylation in cellular regulation, phosphatases are nevertheless critical players in this dynamic process. Li et al. describe an online resource called DEPOD and the results of their analysis of the human phosphatase-substrate network. The authors present a structure-based classification scheme for the phosphatases that provides insight regarding substrates and enables their prediction. Visualization of the network of substrates and phosphatases reveals multifunctional phosphatases and hub substrates. Mapping of kinase substrates with phosphatase substrates to identify common targets enables predictions of previously unknown phosphatase targets. Thus, this analysis and DEPOD are a useful resource for researchers interested in phosphorylation-mediated regulation. Phosphatases are crucially involved in cellular processes by dephosphorylating cellular components. We describe a structure-based classification scheme for all active human phosphatases that reveals previously unrecognized relationships between them. By collating protein and nonprotein substrates and integrating colocalization and coexpression data, we generated a human phosphatase-substrate network. Analysis of the protein sequences surrounding sites of dephosphorylation suggested that common recognition mechanisms may apply to both kinases and a subset of phosphatases. Analysis of three-dimensional substrate recognition by protein phosphatases revealed preferred domains in the substrates. We identified phosphatases with highly specific substrates and those with less specificity by examining the relationship between phosphatases, kinases, and their shared substrates and showed how this analysis can be used to generate testable hypotheses about phosphatase biological function. DEPOD (human DEPhOsphorylation Database, version 1.0, http://www.DEPOD.org) is an online resource with information about active human phosphatases, their substrates, and the pathways in which they function. The database includes links to kinases and chemical modulators of phosphatase activity and contains a sequence similarity search function for identifying related proteins in other species.


In this work fibers of dry reed was used a reinforcing material to produce cement boards after being chemically treated in order to enhance the bonding between mortar and fiber and prevent the dissociation of the composite material with time. (2%,4%,6%,8%) percentages of reed fiber was mixed for every Reed fiber size (300μ,150μ,75μ) The curing period was 14 days, physical and mechanical tests were performed according to ASTM standard c-1185. Different variation in results observed by changing fiber content and fiber size. The results showed an enhancement in density, thermal insulation, by increasing reed fiber content and decreasing in size, while its shows an increasing in moisture content and water absorption by increasing reed content because reed is one type of soft wood, the wood property is absorbing and keeping moisture. The best dry and wet flexural strength is in 8 wt% of 150μ reed fiber.


Wheat and barley are among the more important staple foods for human and animal nutrition in the World. Nevertheless, these crops constantly suffer from the Fusarium Heat Blight disease, responsible for decrease in yields and the bioaccumulation of the trichothecene deoxynivalenol in kernels. Searching for alternatives to overcome these problems, a set of 14 trials involving wheat and barley cultivars over two consecutive harvest seasons (2018-2019) were carried out in the States of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The tests consisted in the use of a carrageenan-rich product (Algomel Push®) produced from the red-algae Solieria chordalis in the rates of 1.0 and 2.0 L ha-1 sprayed at the beginning of the tillering stage. Overall, the use of carrageenan decreased DON contamination up to 34.64% and 35.74% when 1.0 and 2.0 L ha-1 of carrageenan was applied in wheat and barley, respectively. An increase in yield and kernels with better bromatological aspects were also seen after the use of carrageenan. Our findings suggest that the bioactive compounds found in the product, mostly carrageenan, have the ability of eliciting the plant's mechanisms of defence and growth, and can be considered a potential option/tool for farmers and industries to cope with the problem of food quality in their mycotoxicological and bromatological aspects.
Key-words: DON; elicitation; FHB; Fusarium graminearum; Solieria chordalis


microscopic investigation on the embryonic development of Spherodema rusticus was conducted and the result indicates that the germ band occupies a large areaon the surface of the yolk in the egg and is polylobed in shape. It is divided intothe cephalic, gnathal, thoracic and abdomenal lobes. In additionic anatrepsis, whichcaused the germ band partly immersing into the yolk, and katatrepsis, the germband from the head to the end of the abdomen had on arched movement just afteranatrepsis, which resulted in the rising back of germ band to the dorsal surface ofyolk and segmentation of the abdomen lobe. In the formation of the midgut, thepost-rudiment was formed prior to the fore-rudiment, and they showed some difference in mode of extension, so that the midgut was differentiated into two parts morphologically-the tubular posterior portion and the elongated ovoid anterior portion.During the development of the nervous system, the ganglia tended to fuse and theabdominal ganglia finally fused into a compound ganglion and so did the thoracicganglia. The relationship between the developmental stage of the embryo and thesize of the egg was noticed and the function of the disintegrating dorsal organ dis-cussed.


This paper presents a novel parallel implementation of Prolog. The system is based on Multipath, a novel execution model for Prolog that implements a partial breadth-first search of the SLD-tree. The paper focusses on the type of parallelism inherent to the execution model, which is called path parallelism. This is a particular case of data parallelism that can be efficiently exploited in a SPMD architecture. A SPMD architecture oriented to the Multipath execution model is presented. A simulator of such system has been developed and used to assess the performance of path parallelism. Performance figures show that path parallelism is effective for non-deterministic programs.<<ETX>>


Introduction, 511. — Income growth and distribution, 513. — The incidence of poverty and its changes, 514. — Measuring the poverty curve, 515. — Subgroup poverty curves, 517. — Poverty status of population subgroups, 1959, 519. — The elasticity of subgroup incomes with respect to economic growth, 521. — Conclusions, 523.


Abstract : It was 20 degrees below zero when personnel fielded Tobyhanna Army Depot's first overhauled Unmanned Threat Emitter training system at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska. Overhaul work on the Air Force UMTE systems began in November 2011, with the first system being completed in February. Personnel are working on three more systems, each at different phases of the repair process, in the Tactical End Item Repair Facility. The UMTE is an U.S. Air Force aircrew training system that is environmentally rugged, unmanned and remotely operable. It is capable of radiating threat signals that simulate surface-to-air missiles and anti-aircraft artillery radar, and can be airlifted to various training sites. There are 35 systems in the inventory, 16 of which reside on the Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex. The JPARC is the world's largest instrumented air combat training range with over 67,000 square miles of airspace and is the venue for RED FLAG-Alaska.


Adhesional shear strength of one acceleration-tested PV module from a US manufacturer and eight PV modules (consisting of four field-deployed, three control, and one new) from a European manufacturer were studied. Commercial modules from US PV module manufacturers are being tested in the hot and humid climate in Florida under the Module Long-Term Exposure project. A highvoltage bias test bed, similar to the test bed at NREL, has been installed at FSEC for study of corrosion in PV modules under high voltage bias conditions in the hot and humid climate. XPS analysis of first-generation, grid-connected and contemporary, high-voltage bias tested a-Si:H modules showed cell delamination. These results are relevant to CdTe modules which also have a SnO2:F TCO layer.


The paper deals with the herpetofauna of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and its surroundings. A total of 23 species of herpetofauna belonging to 19 genera and 13 families were recorded. Of these 8 species belonging to 6 genera and 3 families were amphibians, and 15 species belonging to 13 genera and 10 families were reptiles. Keywords: herpetofauna; Gavialis gangeticus; Koshi Tappu DOI: 10.3126/bibechana.v6i0.3933 BIBECHANA Vol. 6, March 2010 pp.15-17


The genetic parameters of several bean traits of coffee from the species Coffea canephora were estimated using two mating designs: a triangular diallel with 6 parents and a partial diallel with 18 parents. The traits studied were: normal bean weight, the percentage of peaberries, the length, width and thickness of the beans. These characteristics were studied along with yield. The yield data came from harvests obtained over 14 years divided into an initial cycle of 6 years, a second cycle of 5 years after cutting back and a third cycle of 3 years after topping. The general combining abilities (GCA) were the principal sources of significant variation for the traits studied. Transmission of these traits was therefore mostly additive. Yield over 14 years was the most heritable trait. The rank correlations between the GCA of the bean traits and those of yield were not significant. The genetic correlations estimated in the partial diallel did not reveal any link between bean traits and yield. Only one genetic correlation between the peaberry rate and yield was significant. The peaberry rate was linked to fertility, which thus appeared to be a genetic component of yield. Index-based selection combining an increase in yield with improved bean traits could therefore be carried out without any particular difficulty.


Molecular dynamics simulations wereper- formed tocalculate thedifference between thedimerization free energies ofnormal humandeoxyhemoglobin (HbA)and themutant sickle-cell deoxyhemoglobin HbS(Glu-.86 -+ Val) foroneofthelateral contacts intheHbSx-ray structure. The simulations yield avalue of-15kcal/mol. Although there isno quantitative experimental value forcomparison, this isin qualitative agreement withtheexperimental result thatHbS self-assembles into multistranded fibers that areresponsible for erythrocyte sickling, while HbA doesnot.Thefree-energy difference wasdecomposed into enthalpic andentropic terms, bothofwhicharesignificant, andthecontributions ofindi- vidual protein residues andofthesolvent wereexamined. Electrostatic effects play thedominant role infavoring dimer- ization ofHbScompared withHbA;vanderWaalsinteractions makeanegligible contribution tothedifference. Bothdiffer- ential salvation andprotein-protein interactions areimpor- tant. Interactions within thedonortetramer (i.e., that con- taining theGlu-136 mutation site), aswellasthose withthe acceptor tetramer, contribute tothepreferential free energy of dimerization ofHbS.


The specter of the "tax shelter" as the principal evil in the tax system represents a major theme of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA '86). If only tax shelters could be eliminated, all taxpayers would pay their rightful share of tax. A correction in the tax system to eliminate tax shelters could be used to finance lower rates of tax for all taxpayers. Thus, the elimination of tax shelters was a principal objective of Congress. Congress could have accomplished that objective simply by eliminating the so-called tax expenditures inherent in tax shelter activities and taxing those activities in accordance with their economics. In that event, depreciation rates would closely reflect actual economic depreciation of assets used in the activity, and tax subsidies for those activities would be eliminated. The result of that course of action would be both simplicity and fairness. Congress did not choose that course, however. Instead it chose parts of two alternative systems. In 1986, Congress enacted the passive loss limitation rules, which, in essence, limit the use of losses from certain activities to offset income from other activities. In that way, Congress chose to penalize


I am amazed that RCN general secretary Peter Carter has backed down and allowed RCN staff a 2.6 per cent pay rise this year.


Sirs, We observed a 12-year-old boy affected by hyper-IgD syndrome (HIDS) who was successfully treated with etanercept, but developed a recurrent pericarditis. The boy suffered, since the age of three months, from recurrent attacks of fever, abdominal pain and arthritis involving small and large joints. Symptoms resolved within a few days with steroid administration but recurred every two weeks. Laboratory findings showed: IgD:1550 mg/dl; IgA: 1.010 mg/dl; ESR: 101 mm/h; CRP: 5.00 mg/dl. The boy was diagnosed as having HIDS by demonstration of an homozygous missense mutation (C367S) on exon 11 of the mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene. No mutations in MEFV and TNFRSF1A genes were detected. Because of symptomatic therapy inefficacy, etanercept, a TNF-α antagonist, 0.4 mg/kg twice weekly was started. A dramatic response was observed: attacks disappeared and no side effects were registered. Two years later, the patient developed fever, precordalgia and orthopnea. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated ESR and C-reactive protein values (58 mm/h and 15.8 mg/dl respectively) and leukocytosis (white blood cells count: 24.31 x 103/mm3; neutrophils: 88%). Other tests, including hepatic and renal function, C3, C4, hydroelectric balance, anti-streptolysine O titre, were within normal range. Blood, urine, stool and throat cultures did not show any bacterial nor mycetal growth. The Mantoux test and serology for various infectious agents including coxsackievirus, echovirus and herpesviruses were all negative. Pleural and pericardial effusion were demonstrated by x-rays and echocardiogram (Fig. 1). Etanercept was interrupted and the child was started on prednisone (2 mg/kg/day) with good clinical and laboratory response. Four months later, he was admitted for a relapse of pericarditis during steroid tapering. Colchicine (1 mg/day) and ibuprofen were therefore associated to prednisone. One year later, the patient was symptom free, after prednisone tapering. Three months after prednisone interruption, the boy presented new attacks of HIDS. HIDS is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory syndrome characterized by recurrent attacks of fever and a serum IgD concentration >100 IU/ml. Febrile episodes are accompanied usually by lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, diarrhea, arthralgia, arthritis and cutaneous rash (1). Recurrent pericarditis is not a typical clinical finding of HIDS and no evidence of this association exists in the literature; pericarditis has been well described in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), another genetic fever affecting Jews, Turks, Armenians and Arabs (2). It is difficult to understand the pathogenesis of pericarditis in this patient as no trauma or surgery, no apparent source of infection, no evidence of contiguous pneumonia could explain this complication. Sweet et al. recently described the development of purulent pericarditis in an adult patient with rheumatoid arthritis during treatment with etanercept and methotrexate (3). Conversely, Aslangul et al. reported a beneficial effect of etanercept in the treatment of constrictive pericarditis complicating rheumatoid arthritis in an adult (4). The hypothesis that etanercept could predispose our patient to pericardial inflammation, presumably of viral origin, is questionable for at least two reasons: firstly, pericarditis occurred after two years since etanercept was started; secondly, the interruption of antiTNF-α treatment did not avoid pericarditis recurrence. Surely etanercept was effective in aborting attacks of HIDS in our patient. A complete resolution of symptoms was achieved with etanercept and new recurrences were observed after treatment interruption. Other recent studies suggest that anakinra (5), an IL-1 ra antagonist, and etanercept (6, 7) are effective in preventing IgD-related febrile attacks; but data about etanercept are contradictory (8, 9, 10). In conclusion, recurrent pericarditis is a possible clinical finding in patients with HIDS. Etanercept, an antiTNF-α drug, seems to be highly effective in the treatment of febrile attacks of HIDS. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the long-term efficacy and safety of anti-TNF-α treatment in these patients.


The cultural censervatism advocated by Wu Mi and the School of Academic Criticism,in spite of its inadquacy,played a positive role in the protection of the traditional Chinese culture, in the concern for humanism,and in the formation of contemporary Chinese ideology,culture and language as a unique ideological system in contrast to the New Cultural Movement.


Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonate cements are useful for illustrating the mechanism of fluid-rock interaction in the process of diagenesis.The genesis and origin of the carbonate cements common in the Triassic Yangchang Formation sandstone in the Ordos Basin are systematically studied by using petrological,mineralogical and geochemical methods.The results show that the early carbonate cements in the Yanchang Formation sandstone are mainly composed of calcite with relatively heavier carbon isotope with δ18O ranging from-0.3‰ to-0.1‰,and lighter oxygen isotope with δ18O ranging from-22.1‰ to-19.5‰.Generally,they are closely related to the direct precipitation of oversaturated calcium carbonate from the alkaline lake water.They also indicate that ferroan calcites are characteristic of relatively lighter carbon isotope withδ13C in the range from-8.02‰ to-3.23‰,and lighter oxygen isotope with δ18O in the range from-22.9‰ to-19.7‰,and are obviously related to the decarboxylation of organic matter during the late period of early diage-netic stage to early period of late diagenetic stage.As the products of mid-late diagenesis.ferroan calcites in the study area are considered as the characteristic authigenic minerals for recognizing large-scale hydrocarbon influx and migration within clastic reservoirs.The late ankerite is relatively heavier in carbon isotope with δ3C ranging from-1.92‰ to-0.84‰,and is wide in variation of oxygen isotopic composition with δ28O ranging from-20.5‰ to-12.6‰.It is believed that the previously formed marine carbonate rock fragments may serve as the chief carbon source for their precipitation,and the alkaline diagenetic environment at the mid-late stage aids this process.


A current at the spark stage of a vacuum discharge under various residual gas pressures was investigated by means of a 1D-3V PIC-MCC code. A hemi-spherical vacuum diode was considered. The outer diode electrode was assumed to be a hemispherical anode of a constant radius 1 cm and the inner electrode (the cathode) to be a hemi-spherical explosive emission plasma front propagating towards the anode with a constant velocity 2.106cm/s. An initial radius of the plasma was set to 10−3 cm. The diode voltage applied was considered constant; its value was 50 kV. The residual gas filling the diode was nitrogen at various pressures from 10−1 Pa up to 5 Pa. Electron impact ionization, electron impact dissociation, electron excitation of vibrational, rotational and electronic states of gas molecules, elastic scattering of electrons and ions on neutral particles, and charge exchange of ions were taken into account. As a result of the simulation, the dependencies of the plasma-emitted electrons current density from the residual gas pressure were obtained. It was found out that residual nitrogen pressure of 10−1 Pa didn't influence on the emission current density, an increase in nitrogen pressure up to 1 Pa led to about 10-13% increase in the current density, and at 5 Pa the current density was 2.5 times more in comparison with the vacuum case. Also it was shown that ion-neutral collisions may affect sufficiently the emission current density under some pressure values.


How to take cognizance of tortious responsibility of public is a disputable topic.In judicatory practice inscape of causality is usually taken into account.However,in this article the author uses the method of economic analysis of law and then demonstrates its theoretical base,category of exertion and material path.


GameStop Corp. is a video game retailer, which has been in hard time over the outbreak of COVID-19, resulted a volatile share price in markets. This article is trying to analyze the actual value of the GameStop Corp. via two different approaches- quantitative and qualitative, in order to calculate the company's market value and reach a conclusion about the share price of GameStop, by looking at it from different aspects, such as some data from company's balance sheets, quarter and annual reports overtime, GameStop's loyalty programmes, and behavioral finance.


The invention discloses a preparation method of D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride, wherein citric acid waste residue, gained after production of the citric acid with a fermentation method, are used as raw material, and the D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride is prepared by the steps of hydrolysis, pumping filtration, concentration, etc. According to the invention, the citric acid waste residue is recycled, so that the waste residue pollution of the environment is mitigated; and the D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride produced with the citric acid waste residue as raw material is a D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride of vegetarian diet which has no fishlike smell, is not polluted by heavy metal, is safe and environmentally friendly, has a product purity up to 98-102% and accords with the quality standard of United States Pharmacopeia USP 32 edition. At the same time, because raw material resource is abundant, production resource has no restriction and production cost is low; further, cost in treatment of the environmental pollution is saved and relatively high circular economic gain is achieved; and more preferably, under the circumstance that technology prejudice in the technology field is overcome and simultaneously the product purity is guaranteed, output and production efficiency of the product are increased and time of the hydrolysis reaction is shortened.


The outbreak of the covid-19 virus in Indonesia has had major consequences for the world of education, which has issued a government policy through the ministry of education and culture regarding the prohibition of universities from holding lectures in order to break the chain of the spread of the covid-19 virus. One alternative learning method that is considered appropriate to replace face-to-face lectures with lectures held online by the campus as a facilitator of learning media providers as used on the STIKOM Uyelindo Kupang campus is by using zoom meeting media. In English courses, especially in speaking and listening classes, they have difficulty in giving lectures in online lectures. This will result in the level of mastery of students' speaking and listening skills. Therefore, the authors apply interactive multimedia learning methods using English films that are played during lectures. The purpose of this study was to analyze students' abilities in speaking and listening classes using interactive multimedia learning methods held online. The research method used is quantitative using questionnaires distributed by sampling to students related to the learning method by watching movies in English online classes. This method describes an interactive multimedia learning method held online at STIKOM Uyelindo Kupang in English courses (speaking and listening classes), with STIKOM Uyelindo Kupang students as research subjects. With the application of learning methods with interactive multimedia in speaking and listening classes in English courses, students can experience a fun learning process so that they can improve students' speaking and listening skills.


AUSCULTATORY sounds of a late systolic murmur, with or without a preceding nonejection click, have been generally recognized since the late 1950s to result from abnormal movement of the mitral valve apparatus during systole. Although the mitral valvular origin of these sounds was suspected before, it was only after left ventricular angiography showed the late systolic murmur to result from mitral insufficiency, which was secondary to the abnormal billowing of the mitral leaflets into the left atrium, that the true nature of these auscultatory findings was recognized. The patient with a nonejection click, with and without a systolic murmur, has been described in the literature under a wide variety of names (Table 1). With the demonstration by echocardiography of the abnormal posterior systolic movement of both aortic and mural leaflets of the mitral valve, it has been possible to identify noninvasively the patients with an abnormally prolapsing mitral valve, even


During heat treatment of machine parts and tools, besides the usual task of ensuring a high complex of mechanical and operational properties, there is a problem of distortion of products in the process of heat treatment and the need for editing operations (which are carried out manually and require significant labor costs). The known methods do not solve the problem of removing distortion for thin-walled parts of the ring shape completely. This paper shows the technical possibility of using the energy of a constant magnetic field for the "internal" straightening of products during heat treatment in the temperature range of super-plasticity of transformation. The use of special equipment makes it possible to eliminate virtually the distortion of thin-walled parts of the ring shape and to improve their mechanical properties.


Aim. Gallbladder polyps are generally determined incidentally during ultrasonography or following cholecystectomy. In our country, data on incidence of gallbladder polyps are insufficient. Our purpose in this trial was to determine prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder polyps in Erzurum region. Method. This trial was conducted by retrospective evaluation of reports of abdominal ultrasonographies performed in Department of Radiology of Erzurum Education and Research Regional Hospital between January 2009-September 2009. In patients diagnosed with gallbladder polyps; gender, age, serum lipid levels, number and diameter of gallbladder polyps, presence of gallbladder stones and hepatosteatosis were determined and recorded. Hundred and forty seven healthy individuals, comparable to patient group in terms of age and gender, admitted to hospital for check-up evaluation with no chronic disease were enrolled as control group. Results. Gallbladder polyps were found in 132 (1.8%) of a total of 7562 patients, Among patients with gallbladder polyps, 85 (64.4%) were women and 47 (35.6%) were men and mean age was 46.8±15.4. Mean size of the polyps was 5.4 mm (1.5-26 mm). A correlation was found between gallbladder polyps and low HDL, high LDL, high total cholesterol levels and hepatosteatosis (p 0.05). Conclusion. In this trial performed in a large patient population, prevalence of gallbladder polyps in Erzurum region was found to be 1.8% and it was found to be more prevalent in individuals >40 years of age in general. In addition, a correlation was found between gallbladder polyps and female gender, age, high LDL and total cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and hepatosteatosis.


Cholera is a dreadful disease. The scourge of this deadly disease is still evident in the developing world. Though several therapeutic strategies are in practice to combat and contain the disease, there is still a need for new drugs to control the disease safely and effectively. Keeping in view the concern, we screened a small molecule library against a yeast model of cholera toxin A subunit. Our effort resulted in the discovery of a small molecule, apomorphine effective in reducing the lethality of toxic subunit in yeast model. In addition, novobiocin, an inhibitor of ADP ribosylation process, a key biochemical event through which cholera toxin exerts its action on host, was also found to rescue yeast cells from cholera toxin A subunit mediated toxicity. Finally, both molecules prevented cholera toxin mediated cellular toxicity on HT29 intestinal epithelial cells. We also observed that combined administration of both drug molecules worked better than single drug in countering toxin driven lethality.


NASA requires lightweight rechargeable batteries for future missions to Mars and the outer planets that are capable of operating over a wide range of temperatures, with high specific energy and energy densities. Due to the attractive performance characteristics, Li-ion batteries have been identified as the battery chemistry of choice for a number of future applications. For example, JPL is planning to launch another unmanned rover mission to the planet Mars. This mission, referred to as the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), will involve the use of a rover that is much larger than the previously developed Spirit and Opportunity Rovers for the 2003 Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission, that are currently still in operation on the surface of the planet after more than five years. Part of the reason that the MER rovers have operated so successfully, far exceeding the required mission duration of 90 sols, is that they possess robust Li-ion batteries, manufactured by Yardney Technical Products, which have demonstrated excellent life characteristics. Given the excellent performance characteristics displayed, similar Li-ion batteries have been projected to successfully meet the mission requirements of the up-coming MSL mission. In addition to future missions to Mars, Li-ion technology is attractive for a number of other future NASA applications which require high specific energy, rechargeable batteries. To ascertain the viability of using Li-ion batteries for these applications, a number of performance validation tests have been performed on both Yardney cells and batteries of various sizes. These tests include mission simulation tests, charge and discharge rate characterization testing, cycle life testing under various conditions, and storage testing.


For quite some time freedom of religion was not among the most controversial fundamental rights, at least in Germany and other European countries. The controversies between the Christian denominations faded away, partly because an increasingly secular society cared less and less about them, partly because the growing secularization of society prompted the Christian churches to move closer to each other and to emphasize their commonalities instead of insisting on the differences. In addition, the state, which is the addressee of fundamental rights, rarely gave the religious communities cause to worry about their freedom. The churches, in turn, had made their peace with the secular state and were even prepared to accept it as part of God's world plan. This state of affairs was reflected in constitutional law and jurisprudence. With very few exceptions, the great social and political controversies that reached the German Constitutional Court did not emerge from the field of religion. There were some cases concerning education that drew a lot of interest: school prayer is an example, and there was the famous case about the crucifixes in classrooms of Bavarian elementary schools. But it seems significant that the largest number of cases concerning freedom of religion dealt with the monetary aspect of this right, the church tax, which members of the Christian churches have to pay in Germany and which the state collects together with the income tax. However, this situation has changed since 1989-90. With the disappearance of the East-West-divide, which had pushed all other conflicts into the background, religion and religious communities


At present, existing GaN HEMTs are only available in low current ratings. To meet the desire for higher power applications, this paper proposes a novel cascode GaN switch integrating a Si-MOSFET and several paralleled d-mode GaN HEMTs. The proposed switch can withstand twice or more the current than original cascode GaN HEMT while using only one Si-MOSFET with one gate driver required, increasing the power density, improving the system efficiency and saving the cost. Moreover, the paper discusses the causes of possible unbalanced current sharing between paralleled GaN DHEMTs and analyzes the mechanism of potential loop current and current oscillation in detail. A group of simulation results validate the viability of proposed new cascode GaN switch and verifies the relative analysis on parallel operation.


Two‐dimensional hydrodynamic models are being used increasingly as alternatives to traditional one‐dimensional instream flow methodologies for assessing adequacy of flow and associated faunal habitat. Two‐dimensional modelling of habitat has focused primarily on fishes, but fish‐based assessments may not model benthic macroinvertebrate habitat effectively. We extend two‐dimensional techniques to a macroinvertebrate assemblage in a high‐elevation stream in the Sierra Nevada (Dana Fork of the Tuolumne River, Yosemite National Park, CA, USA). This stream frequently flows at less than 0.03 m3 s−1 in late summer and is representative of a common water abstraction scenario: maximum water abstraction coinciding with seasonally low flows. We used two‐dimensional modelling to predict invertebrate responses to reduced flows that might result from increased abstraction. We collected site‐specific field data on the macroinvertebrate assemblage, bed topography and flow conditions and then coupled a two‐dimensional hydrodynamic model with macroinvertebrate indices to evaluate habitat across a range of low flows. Macroinvertebrate indices were calculated for the wetted area at each flow. A surrogate flow record based on an adjacent watershed was used to evaluate frequency and duration of low flow events. Using surrogate historical records, we estimated that flow should fall below 0.071 m3 s−1 at least 1 day in 82 of 95 years and below 0.028 m3 s−1 in 48 of 95 years. Invertebrate metric means indicated minor losses in response to modelled discharge reductions, but wetted area decreased substantially. Responses of invertebrates to water abstraction will likely be a function of changing habitat quantity rather than quality. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


To develop geometrically nonlinear, doubly curved finite shell elements the basic equations of nonlinear shell theories have to be transferred into the finite element model. As these equations in general are written in tensor notation, their implementation into the finite element matrix formulation requires considerable effort. The present paper demonstrates how to derive the nonlinear element matrices directly from the incrementally formulated nonlinear shell equations using a tensor-oriented procedure. This enables the numerical realisation of all structural responses, e.g. the calculation of pre- and post-buckling branches in snap-through analysis and especially in bifurcation analysis, including the detection of critical points and the consideration of geometric imperfections. To avoid loss of accuracy care is taken for a realistic computation of the geometric properties as well as of the external loads. Finally, the developed family of shell elements is presented and its efficiency is demonstrated by some applications to linear and geometrically nonlinear structural phenomena.


To enhance the quality and safety in cancer treatment, and in acknowledgement that medical errors occur, we have established 2 error management systems: one monitors chemotherapy errors, the other records all severe adverse events occurring in chemotherapy‐treated cancer patients (SAECTx) in in‐ and outpatient treatment. These error systems have been implemented by our departmental "Clinical Service Center," a multidisciplinary team which controls all chemotherapy protocols and orders prior to the medication reaching the patient. We performed a prospective cohort study in consecutive cancer patients who received chemotherapies in our department between January 2005 and December 2006. Over this 2‐year period, 2,337 patients were treated, with an equal distribution as in‐ and outpatients: 22,216 consecutive chemotherapy orders were analyzed, of which 83.5% were completely flawless, whereas we detected and corrected medical and administrative errors in 17.1%: in 3.8%, these errors involved the chemotherapy itself, in 4.5% the patient data and in 8.7% missing written informed consent forms. Chemotherapy errors were less frequent in outpatients than inpatients (3.3 vs. 4.5%, respectively). In outpatients, the rate of chemotherapy errors decreased from 4% in 2005 to 2.8% in 2006, but remained stable for inpatients (4.4% 2005 vs. 4.7% 2006). Among a total of 3,792 detected errors, only 3 reached the patient, resulting in an error rate in patients of 0.079%. Therefore, since we detected a substantial number of chemotherapy‐related errors and intercepted 99.9%, we recommend our efficient surveillance system as an important safety check, thereby ensuring that chemotherapies are delivered error‐free to cancer patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) (EC) is a highly volatile, halogenated hudrocarbon, used as a propellant in aerosol cans and as a cooling agent. Sprayed EC has a temperature of a3æC (1) and is thus frequently employed for local anesthesia and temporary alleviation of sports injuries. We have recently seen a 22-year-old woman with a vesicular eruption after local anaesthesia. Patch testing with EC and freon 11 (trichloromonofluoromethane), a common propellant formerly used in deodorants, as well as a cold provocation test to exclude a primary hypersensitivity reaction to cold, were performed on the upper back. EC spray and freon 11 were each applied: (i) without occlusion; (ii) occluded for 20 min; (iii) occluded for 1 day (Fig. 1a). EC was sprayed onto the skin, while freon 11 was applied with a cotton-wool bud. To test the reaction to cold, EC was applied on a site protected by aluminium foil, and further, a test tube filled with ice was applied to the left upper arm for 20 min. Readings were taken at 20 min, 1, 2, 3 and 6 days. Both substances


It is well documented that people have diverse abilities, that these abilities account for a substantial portion of the variation across people in socio-economic success and that persistent and substantial ability gaps across children from various socio-economic groups emerge before they start school. The family plays a powerful role in shaping these abilities through genetics and parental investments and through choice of child environments. A variety of intervention studies indicate that ability gaps in children from different socio-economic groups can be reduced if remediation is attempted at early ages. The remediation efforts that appear to be most effective are those that supplement family environments for disadvantaged children. Cunha, Heckman, Lochner and Masterov (2006), henceforth CHLM, present a comprehensive survey and discussion of this literature.


Skin diseases or disorders characterized by hyperproliferation of the epidermis, keratoses, scleroderma, cutaneous vasculitis, acne or wrinkles treatment, prevention, discloses a modified and / or management methods. Specific embodiment, the combination immunomodulatory compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, stereoisomer, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, alone or a second active agent and, comprising administering. Specific second active agents, growth or affect or inhibit the growth of cells and eliminate or improve acne scars, or those capable of a reduced or modified wrinkle lines. Moreover, pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the method of the present invention also discloses a single unit dosage forms and kits.


Local lettuce are cultivated in nutrient solution as soil solution,in which different form and different concentration arsenic are added.The effects of arsenic to the production of lettuce are recorded as below:the toxicity of DMA and As(Ⅲ)are stronger than MMA and As(Ⅴ),production of lettuce decrease as concentration of effective arsenic increase,the effects of arsenic are different on the fresh weight and dry weight,and the overground and underground parts when the concentration of effective arsenic is higher than the threshold value,lettuces die acutely.


This paper proposes a hybrid multi-objective optimization and game-theoretic approach (HMOGTA) to achieve the optimal operation of integrated energy systems (IESs) consisting of electricity and natural gas (E&G) utility networks, multiple distributed energy stations (DESs), and multiple energy users (EUs). The HMOGTA aims to solve the coordinated operation strategy of the electricity and natural gas networks considering the demand characteristics of DESs and EUs. In the HMOGTA, a hierarchical Stackelberg game model is developed for generating equilibrium strategies of DESs and EUs in each district energy network (DEN). Based on the game results, we obtain the coupling demand constraints of electricity and natural gas (CD-CENs) which reflect the relationship between the amounts and prices of electricity and cooling (E&C) that DESs purchase from utility networks. Furthermore, the minimization of conflicting costs of E&G networks considering the CDCENs are solved by a multi-objective optimization method. A case study is conducted on a test IES composed of a 20-node natural gas network, a modified IEEE 30-bus system, and 3 DENs, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed HMOGTA to realize fair treatment for all participants in the IES.


Carbon foams (CFms) exhibit excellent physical properties, including good thermal con-ductivity, low density, high porosity and specific surface area, good vibration damping and shock absorption properties, and low thermal expansion coefficients. These properties are attractive in various applications such as thermal and electrical transfer devices, electro-chemical supercapacitors, catalyst supports, gas adsorbents, filtration systems, and electro-magnetic shielding. However, compared to metals and polymers, CFms do not exhibit good mechanical or thermal properties because of their porous structure; these shortcomings have limited the application of CFms in various fields [1-4].Researchers have sought to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of CFms through the addition of carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite and metal plating [5,6]. CFms/copper composites were recently studied by Johnson et al. [7], who examined the thermal conductivity of wood-derived graphite and copper-graphite composites pro-duced via electrodeposition. The thermal conductivity of the biomorphic graphite/copper composite was 10 times greater than that of biomorphic graphite, with the graphite/copper composites exhibiting a thermal conductivity ranging from 20 to 21 W/mK [7]. Zhai et al. [8] studied the effects of vacuum and ultrasonic co-assisted electroless copper plating on CFms and noted increased conductivity ranging from 700 to 1885.8 S/cm, and increased compres-sive strength ranging from 0.70 to 1.66 MPa with increasing copper content. Cu exhibits high thermal and electrical conductivities, in the range of 350-400 W/mK and 59.17-59.59 × 10


In this study, effect of wood flour content on the color, surface chemistry, mechanical properties and surface morphology of wood-plastic composite (WPC) on different mixture ratios of recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) and wood flour were investigated in detail. The presence of wood flour in the composite indicates a significant total color change and a decrease of lightness. Functional groups of wood flour in WPC can be seen clearer from the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra as the wood flour content increases. The mechanical tensile testing shows that the tensile strength of Young's modulus is improved, whereas the strain and elongation at break were reduced by the addition of wood flour. The gap between the wood flour microvoid fibre and rHDPE matrix becomes closer when the wood flour content is increased as observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. This finding implies a significant improvement on the interaction of interfacial adhesion between the rHDPE matrix and wood fl...


Objective: To detect the sensitive of chemotherapeutic drugs in middifferentied cardia adenocarcinoma.Mehtods: We test 45 fresh adenocarcinoma culture cells to 8 chemotherapeutic drugs were tested by MTT assay.Results: 5-Fu,DDP and VP-16 are the highly chemosensitivith drugs to middifferentied cardia adenocarcinoma.Conclusion: The individual chemosensitivith testing is helpful to select individuamize chemotherapy for middifferentied cardia adenocarcinoma.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a bottom‐up perspective about the operational and policy challenges of undertaking adaptive action in water‐scarce environments of India.Design/methodology/approach – A cross section of 112 small, medium and big farmers drawn from three semi‐arid villages of rural Bangalore District were surveyed to assess their dependence on natural habitats and elicit information on costs and benefits of undertaking adaptation activities. Also explored were the possible impacts of institutional financing systems and publicly funded programs on adaptation action in the study area.Findings – Small farmers in the study zone were conservation oriented and relied on a variety of terrestrial and aquatic habitats for cultivation operations. On the other hand, commercial and semi commercial farmers who practiced resource intensive cultivation systems were not conservation oriented and were reluctant to go beyond "modest" adaptation activities. Similarly loans provided by local f...


Introduction Materials transform to denser phases under high pressure inside the Earth and planets. The densest structure of dioxides reported so far is the PbCl2 type in which each cation is surrounded by 9 oxygens (9-fold coordinated). Many dioxides with large cations are known to have the PbCl2 structure under high pressure, but any phase transition to the structure with a higher coordination number, namely the post-PbCl2 structure, has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the post-PbCl2 structure of dioxides. Since lead is in the same group of carbon and silicon and PbO2 is known to have the PbCl2 structure under high pressure, CO2 and SiO2, which are important compounds in Earth and planetary science, may have the PbCl2 and/or the post-PbCl2 structure at ultimately high pressures. At present, pressures above 200 GPa are difficult to achieve in laboratory. Since there is an inverse correlation between cation radius and transition pressure, it is better to choose a dioxide with a larger cation to explore the post-PbCl2 structure in a limited pressure range. The cation radius of TeO2 is even larger than those of the dioxides reported to have the PbCl2 structure. We have studied the pressure-induced phase transition in TeO2 by Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction.


To raise the effective and efficiency of the quality-improvement, the Customer-Enterprise interacting mechanism for the Quality-Improvement oriented to the customer loyalty should be built. As a complex nonlinear system composed by suppliers, manufacturers and customers, this mechanism's state is very uncertain & unpredictable. It makes that the optimization of the Mechanism has significance. To resolve the problem of optimizing this system, the GA-WNN optimization method that combining genetic algorithm (GA) with wavelet neural network (WNN) has been proposed in this paper. In the GA-WNN method, wavelet neural network has been applied to identify and model on the system according the high approximation ability of WNN for identifying the complex nonlinear system, then genetic algorithm as a kind of overall search optimization methods has been used to the system optimization of this system. To accelerate the convergence speed and learning speed of GA-WNN method, the parameters of the wavelet networks are trained by using hybrid algorithm, and the mixed GA modified by selected strategy and combined local search algorithms is adopted. It has been proved by simulation results and practices in enterprises that the GA-WNN method can optimize the customer-enterprise interacting Mechanism effectively and make this system tend to the optimum operation point so as to raise the effective and efficiency of the quality-improvement


The present paper is an attempt to reconsider the theoretical background of the formation of microporosity in scales on metals and to present convincing experimental proofs of the validity of dissociative growth theory, explaining the mechanism of this phenomenon. This theory is based on the assumption that, due to limited dimensions of the oxidized samples, the metal consumption zone cannot be continuously compensated by the plastic flow of the scale growing owing to the outward diffusion of cations. As a consequence, a crack develops at the metal-scale interface, following the decomposition (dissociation) of the primary compact scale layer and the formation on the metal surface a porous inner layer. The dissociation of the outer layer proceeds mainly along the perpendicular-to-the-core grain boundaries of large columnar crystals of this layer, resulting in the formation of dissociation fissures, enabling eventually the inward diffusion of the oxidant. Direct experimental proofs of the formation of dissociation fissures and of the mechanism of doublelayer scale growth on metals and binary alloys, obtained with the use of radioactive isotope of sulphur S and stable isotope of oxygen 0, have been presented. All these results may be considered as an ultimate demonstration that the specific micro-porosity in scales growing by the outward diffusion of cations has nothing in common with mechanical stresses developed in metal-scale-oxidant system during the reaction.


In this article, Abdurrahman Jami's work "Al-Favoidu-z-Ziyaiyya" covers nouns, verbs, letter groups and classifications given by Jami. Jami's unique approach to interpreting these categories is also discussed.


The article analyzed the scientific and social activities of K. Levitsky, in the context of its influence on the formation of the Ukrainian language and the formation of Ukrainian statehood. A significant role in the process of the revival of the Ukrainian nation and the restoration of statehood, the search for ways to build a democratic society is the Ukrainian language, which is an instrumental phenomenon of coexistence, communication and the realization of the views of society. The interest is caused by the fact that all the states that included the Ukrainian ethnic territories tried in various ways to halt the development of the Ukrainian language by limiting the range of its social functions. The article reviewed the works of K. Levitsky on the protection of the rights of the Ukrainian language in the Republic of Poland (II Rzeczpospolita). The analysis of the Polish language law dated 31 July, 1924, regulating issues related to school education and the use of language in the courts, the prosecutor's office. Attention was focused on the conclusions of K. Levitsky on the declarativeness of this regulatory act and the absence of a mechanism for the implementation of its conditions. The scientist's proposals for amending Polish law were considered regarding the use of the Ukrainian language in court proceedings, the content of court decisions and official documents issued in regions where Ukrainians constitute the majority of the population.


It is demonstrated that for an increase in the coupling coefficient between the accelerating resonator and the waveguide to ..beta.. = 15, one can substantially increase the accelerated current, increase the operating reliability of the accelerator, and simplify the construction of the high-frequency path.


Objects intruding high-speed railway clearance do great threat to running trains. In order to improve accuracy of railway intrusion detection, an automatic multimodal registration and fusion algorithm for infrared and visible images with different field of views is presented. The ratio of the nearest to next nearest distance, geometric, similar triangle, and RANSAC constraints are used to refine the matching SURF feature points successively. Correct matching points are accumulated with multiframe to overcome the insufficient matching points in single image pair. After being registered, an improved Contourlet transform fusion algorithm combined with total variation and local region energy is proposed. Inverse Contourlet transform to low frequency subband coefficient fused with total variation model and high frequency subband coefficients fused with local region energy is used to reconstruct the fused image. The comparison to other 4 popular fusion methods shows that our algorithm has the best comprehensive performance for multimodal railway image fusion.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, rubber products, relates vulcanization mold, particularly for producing tires for vehicles. The mold has a plurality of exhaust holes blocking mechanism is introduced into. This blocking mechanism is especially by the air duct is bent, to ensure that the adverse flash can be discharged air not generated at all. In the second embodiment, the blocking mechanism forms a valve two-part structure having a central body. Blocking mechanism in this case, it has a resiliently deformable planar region which is arranged inside the mold, which is at least essentially with the central body when colliding with the surface of the material acts as a seal.


George A. Kelly graduated in engineering with psychology as a subsidiary subject at the time when the boom of the 'twenties in the United States was collapsing into the depression of the early 'thirties. He found it impossible to obtain employment as an engineer and went to practise psychology in an impoverished, inaccessible area on the border of the dust-bowl. There he had to do the best he could to diagnose and treat the peculiar psychological problems of his patients by himself without the advice or assistance of any medically qualified psychiatrist or other psychologist within reach for consultation. He found little help in the popular psychologies of the period, behaviourism and psychoanalysis. Through trying many experimental approaches he gradually developed a homespun psychology which he expounded in a two-volume book, The Psychology of Personal Constructs (1955) and elaborated in a very large number of other publications after he entered the academic world.


AbstractCycling is a healthier and greener travel mode that city planners and policymakers have encouraged for short-distance trips. Because cycling provides an efficient way to improve public heal...


A novel technique to extend the phasing range of the vector sum phase shifter by exploiting its second order response is proposed and implemented. A continuously variable phase shift is demonstrated between 8 and 16 GHz with phasing range exceeding 450/spl deg/ measured at 16 GHz. Good agreement between the predictions and measurements has been obtained.


BACKGROUND
The significant frequency of oropharyngeal candidiasis due to C. albicans in HIV-infected and AIDS patients and the undoubted differences in pathogenicity among strains, lead us to study whether a possible correlation exists between the phenotypic characteristics of the fungal strain and the blastospores adhesivity to the human buccal epithelial cells.

METHODS
From 203 oro-pharyngeal swabs of HIV-infected patients, 133 C. albicans were identified among 159 yeast strains. Analytical strains delineation below the species level was made by the morphotyping method, assigning a morphotype code of three digits, each of which being expressive of one colonial fringe characteristic. To study the possible blastospores adhesivity differences, we have isolated 10 strains of C. albicans, chose according to the more significant colonial morphologies; they were mixed with oral epithelial cells obtained by scraping of 36 HIV-positive patients and 2 volunteer donors HIV-negative at the rate cells/blastospores of 1:20. Suspensions were filtered, fixed and examined by optical microscope (MO) for counting the number of blastospores adhering to 100 epithelial cells and the number of cells with adhering blastospores.

RESULTS
The index obtained by comparing the two qualitative analysis was higher for these isolates producing a rough or very coarse lateral fringes.

CONCLUSIONS
This finding suggests that these strains may possess the highest adhesive properties, in fact the index decreases progressively to reach lower values for the strain not producing fringe.


Roots and shoots from seedlings of 29 coffee genotypes were studied to better characterize the entries from the Coffea germplasm bank of the Instituto Agronomico (IAC), Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brasil. The varieties were seeded in a randomized complete block design with 6 replications and 10 plants per plot. The characters evaluated were: plant (PL), shoot (SL) and root (RL) length; total plant (PDM), shoot (SDM), root (RDM) and lateral root (LRDM) dry matter. A lateral root index (LRI) and shoot root dry matter (SRDM = SDM/RDM) and length ratios; (SRL = SL/RL) were calculated. The dwarf varieties (Catuai, Icatu-caturra, Vila Sarchi, San Ramon, Vila Lobos, Sao Bernardo) presented higher LRDM and lower SDM than the normal size varieties such as Mundo Novo, Bourbon Vermelho, Arabica, Amarelo de Botucatu, Glaucia, etc. The varieties Macrodiscus, Icatu-caturra, Bourbon Amarelo, Vila Lobos and C. congensis showed higher root development related to shoot. The Arabica coffee standard variety showed intermediary root and shoot development. Genotypes of high yield background were higher in SL and SDM, while the dwarf types had only lower SL than the normal ones, but higher RL and dry matters. Seedlings from genotypes of known higher field drought tolerance had lower SL and RL, but higher RDM. Significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients were obtained, such the genotypes for PL and PDM (r = 0.64; P = 0.01), SL and SDM (r = 0.40; P = 0.05), SDM and LRDM (r = 0.52; P = 0.05), RDM and LRI (r = 0.68; P = 0.01), LRI and SRDM (r = 0.85; P = 0.01) and LRI and LRDM (r = 0.84; P = 0.01). High genotypic correlations suggest that selection directed to one character will directly affect the other. Conversely, low or non-significant correlations suggest independence of association, an indication that it would be possible to select two characteristics to diverse directions. Selection could be done towards different goals to change root and shoot measures (length and dry matter) because they were genotypically independent. However, care should be taken in controlling the environmental effects, because of significant positive phenotypic correlations.


A flow injection system with a polarographic detector was developed for the determination of vanillylmandelic acid in urine. This method provides a very sensitive determination of vanillylmandelic acid in the range 2.5–35 ng cm–3 at a sampling rate of 100 per hour. The relative standard deviation was less than 2.5%. No interference from an equivalent molar amount of homovanillic acid or vanillic acid was observed in normal pulse polarographic detection. The relationship between the results and those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography based on the measurement of oxidation current and also the continuous de-oxygenation procedure are discussed.


This contribution discusses the implementation of active flow separation control for a 3D high-lift wing-body configuration under atmospheric low-speed wind tunnel conditions. The slot-actuators are applied on the suction side of the trailing edge flap to prevent local flow separation. It is the consequent progression of the work presented in Part 1 of this paper. The active flow control (AFC) method of choice is now the pulsed blowing. The experimental results indicate that this AFC technique is feasible for such applications with a global performance enhancement. Here, the wind tunnel findings are briefly discussed while the emphasis is given on the numerical investigations. The verification of the URANS approach points out that the global enhancement through AFC may easily be overestimated by insufficient numerical convergence. Thus, high computational requirements are needed for a consistent numerical evaluation. The computational results highlight the ability of pulsed blowing at moderate blowing momentum coefficients to suppress the flow separation on the trailing edge flap and support the global aerodynamic enhancement. The numerical results show an acceptable agreement with the experimental results for this AFC application.


Background: Despite positive tendencies in the changes in the number of suicides in Latvia during the last 9 years the rates are still high to compare with other European countries. Currently the most complete information of suicide attempts enabling the performance of a more detailed data analysis is available on Riga. The aim of this study was to analyze the development in attempted suicide rates in Riga during the period 1997-2005. Methods: We used data from monitoring forms of the Emergency Medical Service to determine incidence and characteristics of patients who attempted suicide. The monitoring form gives information about suicide attempters' sex, age, suicide attempt methods, motives etc. Results: Data was collected on 6501 patients. The suicide attempt rates in 15-34 age groups remained high (50-60%) during 1997-2005. Poisoning was still the most frequently used suicide attempt method among females but there was s a tendency of an increase in cutting behavior. The most frequently used method among males is cutting and this has increased by 22%. Conclusions: Cutting as a method is tending to increase for both males and females. There is an increasing tendency towards males choosing a less lethal method when committing a suicide attempt. Language: en


The Long-Term Monitoring at the East and West Flower Garden Banks 2007-2008 dataset includes biological and oceanographic measurements collected to satisfy the BOEMRE and NOAA contract 1435-01-04-CT-33137 (M04PC00033) for years 2007 and 2008 (years 2002-2006 previously submitted to NODC in December 2006 and filed under accession 0012632). The Flower Garden Banks (FGB) are located in the northwest Gulf of Mexico and are unique within the region. Although coral species richness is lower at the FGB than on Caribbean reefs, 31 species of scleractinian corals have been documented as well as 177 species of tropical Atlantic fish. Annual monitoring is conducted at the East and West Flower Garden Banks within 100 m by 100 m study sites. These data are the results of the 2007 and 2008 monitoring events and are presented in technical reports and presentations. The data included in this accession are: (1) random transect data (i.e., percent cover of benthic components) obtained from videography (2007 and 2008); (2) sclerochronology data calculated from 2007 cores, showing short-term coral growth rates; (3) lateral growth/recession of marked Diploria strigosa colony margins calculated from annual photographs (2006-2007); (4) percent cover of benthic components and coverage of coral bleaching, paling, fish biting, and disease (2007 and 2008) and planimetry data (gain/loss in area of specific coral colonies from 2006-2007 and 2007-2008) acquired from repetitive 8m2 quadrat photographs; (5) water quality data recorded on YSI datasondes, Sea-Bird SBE 37-SMP MicroCAT, and Hobotemp thermographs and water chemistry results including nutrients (2006-2008); and (6) annual fish population surveys to monitor species abundance and size over time (2007). Statistical analyses, photographs, and videography are not included in this submission. Photographs and video collected during the 2007 and 2008 monitoring events were placed on DVD and sent to NODC via mail. These photographs and videos were placed in individual folders within this accession at the NODC.The Long-Term Monitoring at the East and West Flower Garden Banks 2007-2008 data include biological and oceanographic data collected to satisfy the BOEMRE and NOAA contract 1435-01-04-CT-33137 (M04PC00033) for years 2007 and 2008 (years 2002-2006 previously submitted to NODC in December 2006).


In this paper we present a fundamentally redesigned Global Navigational Satellite System (GNSS) receiver to master clock interface based on our previous design for IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) master clocks. The new design is optimized for modern timing GNSS receivers; including GPS, Galileo, and GLONASS GNSS; which provide better timing accuracy and precision than previous generic navigational or even older timing GPS receivers. The new design is required because new timing GNSS receivers have lower than 10 ns error while the errors introduced by the previous interface solution is one or two magnitudes bigger than that, causing degraded system wide timing performance for new systems. Better performance is achieved by an error source analysis and a delicate component selection based on the results of the analysis, and in addition, timing oriented PCB routing. Furthermore, the new design is more compact, integrated with a CPU board, and therefore, ready to be deployed in prototype applications. The paper also provides an initial performance evaluation of the improved reference clock interface.


New ideas and information about ideas that are not widely accepted by horticultural practitioners and researchers have made revising the Arboriculture book interesting and rewarding. I would like to share one of them with you. The root-shoot ratio is usually given as the ratio of the weight of the roots to the weight of the top of a plant. For most trees under normal conditions, the root-shoot ratio is 1:5 to 1:6 (10,18); the top is 5 to 6 times heavier than the roots. If it were not for the weight of the trunk, however, the top and roots would weigh about the same (18). A cultural practice that brings about a reduction in the root-shoot ratio of a tree is commonly thought to be detrimental for the well being of the tree. That is, proportionately more top than root growth is thought not to be in the best interests of atree. However, any factor which improvesgrowing conditions, such as favorable weather, fertilization, irrigation, aeration, or pest control, results in a reduced root-shoot ratio (weight). A change in the relative weights of the roots and top is not an accurate or valid measure of plant response to a changed situation. A more useful comparison is the root surface or length to the transpiring leaf surface of a plant. The roots within the dripline of a tree are estimated to have 2.5 to 4.5 times more surface area than do the leaves (one side) of the tree (18). Root length is probably a better measure than the surface area of the absorbing ability of roots. Water moves slowly in soil so that a small root is almost as effective as a larger one in absorbing water and nutrients. Roots grow in length to explore soil. In addition, root hairs and the mycorrhizal roots (root-fungus associations) of most tree species greatly increase moisture absorption. According to Perry (18), mycorrhizae "functionally amplify the effective surface of the finer roots a hundred times or more". Under normal conditions, even though the top of a tree may increase in weight more than the roots, the roots of a plant are well able to supply the top with water, nutrients, stored carbohydrates, and certain growth regulators. Except for injury to the roots, a reduction in the root-shoot ratio is almost always in response to more favorable growing conditions. An increase in the root-shoot ratio, on the other hand, would indicate that a plant was probably growing under less favorable conditions. Most plants are able to adapt to changing conditions if the changes are not too drastic or rapid. If the top is pruned, relatively more carbohydrates are utilized to restore the top and less are available for the roots. Conversely, if roots are damaged or nutrients and water become limiting, relatively more carbohydrates go to roots and less to the top. If nitrogen is limiting, roots grow proportionately more than the top and more nitrogen is shunted to leaves which may keep chlorophyll and photosynthesis proportionately higher in relation to total nitrogen availability.


Differential privacy in federated learning has emerged as a promising solution for big data applications to achieve strong privacy guarantees. While prior work assumes that the privacy requirements are homogeneous across all clients, in practice, privacy requirements can differ across clients. In this paper, we introduce a cohort-based (ϵ, δ)-DP framework where privacy requirements and data distribution differ across these client cohorts. We show that the performance of existing differentially private stochastic algorithms degrade significantly for heterogeneous privacy scenarios, especially when the data is non-independent and identically distributed (non-iid). Moreover, we propose two novel continual learning-based DP training methods — DP-Synaptic intelligence (DP-SI) and DP-Rehearsal (DP-R) — to improve the model performance of cohorts with heterogeneous privacy budgets. We evaluate our approach on real datasets and show that our techniques outperform baseline techniques. Furthermore, our approach adapts to post-hoc privacy budget relaxations, providing greater flexibility in training models without significantly impacting performance.


EXECUTIVE PASTORS' PERCEPTION OF LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES NEEDED FOR LOCAL CHURCH ADMINISTRATION Timothy Rowland Woodruff, Ed.D. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2004 Chairperson: Dr. Brad Waggoner This dissertation examines leadership and management competencies of Southern Baptist mega-church executive pastors. The study discusses the issue of limited research on the position of the executive pastor. Resources related to this position are cited. Possible reasons for the emergence of this position are examined including the minister's dilemma of being both shepherd and administrator and the issue of leadership training as preparation for the pastorate. Also provided is a theological and philosophical foundation for the leadership and management practices. Servant leadership as the biblical foundation for leadership and secular leadership models appropriate for church administration are reviewed. Research findings on ministerial effectiveness and the minister as manager are included. The available research on the role of the executive pastor is analyzed to reveal the practices posited in current literature. The methodological design is based on the 1988 research of Stephen Boersma. This study identifies and analyzes the self evaluated importance of leadership and management competencies. Demographic data and professional experience are studied to identify relationships between the executive pastors' response and his background. The analysis of findings presents the raw data, displays and statistical analysis. A


Objective To clone E.coli PNP gene, construct its eukaryotic expression vector and obtain positive MKN-45 cell clones expressing E.coli PNP gene stably. Methods PCR amplification was performed using primers based on E.coli PNP gene sequence from Genbank, E.coli genomic DNA as template .PCR product was inserted into pMD-18T.After the sequencing was confirmed, the gene was subcloned to pcDNA3.1 to construct recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-EPNP.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into MKN-45 cells by lipofectamin method. Results PCR yielded a fragment of 716bp and EPNP was verified by sequence analysis. Enzyme digestion analysis showed that the target gene was sub cloned into recombinant vector. Resistant clones MKN-45 expressed high amounts of EPNP mRNA and showed a strong sensitivity to MePdR. Conclusion The eukaryotic expression plasmid containing E.coli PNP gene was successfully constructed. The positive MKN-45 cell clones expressing E.coli PNP gene stably were obtained, which has laid a solid ground for further study of gastric cancer gene therapy with PNP/MepdR suicide gene system.


We examined the characteristics of temperature variation in Seoul between 1961 to 2008 using the spectral heteroscedastic model. The mean function in the propsed model explains the season effect using periodic functions and the overall increase using the quadratic regression spline. The variance function also had periodic functions to explain the seasonality of variance. We found that there has been annual mean temperature increase by about for the last 48 years. The increase of annual mean temperature was mainly caused by the increase in winter, which made the amplitude decreased.


The effect of the excise tax on the revenue side of the budget , especially its formation and scheme evasion of excise duty . A differentiation of excise stamps and losses of the previous sample brands and introduce a production of alcohol products solely for technical purposes denatured ethanol (technical ) alcohol , the introduction of excise stamps on them indicating the amounts paid excise duty. The proposals to improve replenishment excise duty and the introduction of improved methods for companies that manufacture and sell excisable goods.


This paper presents a fuzzy speed controller for an obstacles avoiding system of a differential drive mobile robot using a real sense 3D camera. In order to drive the robot autonomously, one main issue is the ability to detect and avoid the obstacles on its path. The Depth camera is used as a sensor in this research due to its double integrated sensor, namely vision and distance. Using these data, the fuzzy controller is designed for obstacles avoiding system of a mobile robot. The obstacle is detected by the mobile robot equipped with 3D sensor and the position of the obstacle is generated by using a contour operation on a captured image, together with canny edge detector and morphological operation. The distance between the robot and obstacle is obtained from a depth frame. The velocities of left and right motors of the differential drive mobile robot are generated by the fuzzy controller. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was verified through several experiments.


Early hybrid drilling concepts date back to the 1930s, but the development of a viable drilling tool has only become feasible with recent advances in Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutter technology. This paper describes a new generation of hybrid bits based on proven PDC bit designs with roll cutters on the bit periphery. Laboratory and field results will be presented, comparing the performance of hybrid bits with that of conventional PDC and roller bits. A hybrid bit can drill shale and other plastically behaving formations two to four times faster than a roller cone because it is more aggressive and efficient. The penetration rate of a hybrid bit responds linearly to Revolutions Per Minute (RPM), unlike roller taper bits that exhibit an exponential response with an exponent less than one. In other words, a hybrid drill will drill significantly faster than a comparable roller drill in motor applications. Another advantage is the influence of rolling mills on bit dynamics. Compared to conventional PDC bits, torsional oscillations are up to 50% lower, and low-speed slip/slip and high-speed swirl are reduced. This gives the hybrid drill a wider operating window and greatly improves tool face control in directional drilling. The Hybrid Drill is a highly specific drill aimed at traditional cylindrical taper applications limited by the Rate of Penetration (ROP), large-diameter PDC-bit and roller-cone-bit applications limited by torque or Weight on Bit (WOB). Highly interconnected formations with high torque fluctuations can cause premature C3 failure and limit mean operating value torque, and motor and/or P applications where higher ROP and better build speed and tool face control are desired.


The Media Collection is located in Coe Library on level 1 central. The Collection houses a DVD/video collection, Audio CDs, Audio Cassettes, CD-ROMs, kits, and microforms.


Thirty-seven infants delivered between 10/78-12/78 were followed throughout the 1/79-3/79 influenza A Brazil (HINI) epidemic. At delivery cord and maternal blood was collected. Motherinfant pairs were monitored for respiratory illness. Nasal wash samples obtained from 3 mothers, I neonate and I sibling at the time of acute illness were positive for A Brazil (HINI). Acute and convalescent sera were drawn from each pair, and again at the termination of the study. The sera were analyzed by ELISA for H1 hemagglutinin specific IgG antibody.Twenty-one mothers were seronegative and 16 were seropositive for influenza antibody at the time of delivery. During follow-up, 15 infants of the seronegative mothers and 8 infants of the seropositive mothers had symptoms of influenza illness. Seven infants of the seronegative mothers and only one infant of the seropositive mothers had a rise in influenza titer (P<0.05). Serologic studies on the symtomatic infants showed that 6 of the 15 infants of seronegative mothers had a rise in influenza antibody, while none of the 8 infants of seropositive mothers had a rise in antibody (P<0.05). Of interest was the finding that one child of a seropositive mother shed virus and was symptomatic, but showed no rise in antibody titer.These data are consistent with observations derived from animal studies that passive antibody suppresses seroconversion, and suggest that influenza antibody titers on infants younger than 6 months do not correlate with viral infection.


Software Reusability is primary attribute of software quality. Software Reuse promises significant improvements in software productivity and quality. Our approach, for identification and evaluation of reusable software, is based on software models and metrics. Hence, in this paper we have taken the dataset and framework of metrics, discussed in our earlier papers (2), (5) and (6). With the objective of taking advantage of the features of the KNN clustering, in this study KNN clustering based approach is used to economically determining reusability of software components in existing systems as well as the reusable components that are in the design phase. Inputs to the system are provided in form of five function/procedure based metric values as representation of the attributes of the software component and output is being obtained in terms of reusability.