Abstract This article focuses on the dress of three prominent Muslim women who have made a significant mark in British public life: the textile artist Rezia Wahid, the stand-up comedienne Shazia Mirza, and the councilor and advisor on Muslim affairs Humera Khan. It focuses, in particular, on their sartorial biographies, tracing the processes, experiences, and reasoning behind their clothing choices. Whilst the wearing of dress that is visibly identifiable as Islamic is often interpreted as a sign of narrow conservatism or political activism, the biographies of these three women suggest something very different. Their sartorial choices and stylistic innovations are the creative products of cosmopolitan lifestyles and attitudes in which concerns about fashion, religion, politics, and aesthetics are interwoven in interesting ways. The article suggests that a focus on sartorial biography enables a shift away from a whole series of conventional dichotomies: religious/secular, traditional/modern, Eastern/Western, Islam/West, towards a broader understanding of the wide range of experiences and concerns that inform the clothing choices of contemporary British Muslim women. Finally, it is suggested that the proliferation of religiously oriented fashions amongst Muslims in Western metropolitan cities is not necessarily a sign of narrow conservatism. It may also signal the emergence of new forms of Islamic cosmopolitanism.


Integrating culture and economy,cultural creativity has become a major component of the world traditional cultural and the economic development.With the increasing of Chinese Wushu innovation,modern Wushu has moved forward with the aid of cultural creativity,The globalization of Chinese Wushu needs cultural creativity.Therefore,hindrance from the tradition should be broken and advantages should be utilized to bring out creativity.Performance Wushu can be the breakthrough.Based on the Chinese Wushu culture,cultural products universal to the world can be created.In view of the western cultural studies,the Chinese Wushu culture can be well developed.


Several aspects of fatigued driving are discussed. The report was mainly based on the survey data collected during autumn 2007 on a representative sample of Finnish active drivers (N=1121).The general result and conclusion are that fatigue-related problems while driving are common in the Finnish driving population: 19.5% of surveyed drivers have fallen asleep while driving at some point during their driving career, while 15.9% have reported being close to falling asleep or having difficulties staying awake while driving during the previous 12 months. Men reported falling asleep while driving 2.5 times more often than women. Although this is probably mostly due to different driving exposure, possible sex differences in evaluating fatigue-related risks have been discussed. Young male drivers were identified as one of the focus groups for fatigue safety campaigns. Self-reported sleep problems or disorders, identified using ESS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and GSD (Global Sleep Dissatisfaction) were good predictors of sleep-related incidents in this study. It was concluded that drivers with self-reported sleep problems might indeed be at high risk of falling asleep while driving. Sleep-related incidents showed a clear time-of-day pattern, with a large proportion occurring during the night. Almost two-thirds of the drivers were driving two hours or less before falling asleep behind the wheel. Most of the drivers (74%) who fell asleep tried to prevent it. However, misconceptions about fatigue countermeasures were common. Fatigue was rated as third important factor (after alcohol and speeding) causing road accidents. However, 63.1% of the respondents are against penalizing drivers who drive after being awake for more than 24 consecutive hours. Previous research on the topic is presented, as well as the summaries of authors' previous studies and preliminary results of ongoing research. The report ends with several general and direct recommendations for safety campaigns aiming at reducing fatigue-related accidents. This report may be found at http://www.liikenneturva.fi/fi/tutkimus/tutkimukset/liitetiedostot/Vasyneena_ajaminen_Mik_on_tilanne_Suomessa.pdf


This report describes research programs from Lawrence Livermore Laboratory from 1990--1991 in atmospheric chemistry and geophysics. Programs such as mathematical modeling of atmospheric dispersions of pollutants and radionuclides,tropospheric chemistry, clouds, climate models, and the effects of atmospheric trace constiuents on ozone are described.


I read with interest the article "Optic nerve sheath fenestration in patients with visual failure associated with vestibular schwannoma" by Jefferis et al.1 The authors described three patients wit...


BELPIEDE, L. T. GLUT 4 expression in mouse adipose tissue changes in parallel to the insulin sensitivity during obesity development. 2015. 72 p. Masters thesis (Human Physiology) Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2015. Insulin resistance is accompanied by reduction in the glucose transporter GLUT4 expression (codified by the SLC2A4 gene) in adipose tissue. Increased fat mass induces high production of inflammatory citokines, including TNF (tumor necrosis factor A), which is an activator of NFKB (nuclear factor kappa B), a powerful repressor of SLC2A4 gene. The present study investigates de regulation of Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression in epididymal adipose tissue of mice, during the evolution of obesity, exacerbated or not by hyperlipidic diet. Neonatal male mice were treated with saline (control, C) or monosodium glutamate (MSG) to develop obesity. After weaning, C animals received normolipidic diet (C-ND) and obese animals received normolipidic (MSG-ND) or hyperlipidic (MSG-HD) diets for 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. MSG animals rapidly developed a progressive obese pattern, and that was exacerbated by HD. This evolution led to insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, which was accompanied by reduction in adipose tissue Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression, and increased Tnfa mRNA expression. However, precociously (4 weeks), MSG-ND mice revealed increased insulin sensitivity and GLUT4 expression, with unchanged insulinemia and glycemia; however, that was not observed in MSGHD. Concluding, MSG-induced obesity present a biphasic evolution: earlier (4 weeks), adipose tissue GLUT4 content increases, and that should participate on the increased insulin sensitivity; later on, GLUT4 decreases and insulin resistance settles, leading to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Besides, hyperlipidic diet intake anticipates and/or exacerbates the evolution for T2D.


NOx produced by coal-fired power plants greatly affects our atmosphere environment, and makes that the NOx emission prediction for coal-fired power plants become very important. In this paper, an NOx emission prediction model for a coal-fired power process is developed using Gated Recurrent Unit approach. First, by a canonical correlation analysis method, any two variables with a higher correlation degree are grouped together and choose one of them, then four variables with the greatest influence of NOx emission are selected. Second, the model is developed by using the determined hyper-parameters. Dropout is introduced and the best value of dropout is determined by lots of experiments to prevent over-fitting. Finally, the predicted values are compared with the actual values of the power plant, and it proves that the developed model could well predict the NOx emission from a coal-fired power plant. In addition, a comparative study is carried out between the proposed model and three traditional models, our findings indicate that developed model has higher accuracy and shorter training time.


A geometric multigrid solver is tested as a field solver for Particle-in-Cell simulations. The convergence of the multigrid solver for different boundary conditions is verified. The iterative solver reuses the solution from the last timestep in order to decrease the number of iterations. An electron avalanche in argon gas is a test example for the method to check the performance in a self-consistent field simulation. Performance of multigrid method was compared with LU decomposition which seems to be a viable alternative even for moderate-sized problems.


Subsidence and settlement are phenomena that are much more destructive than generally thought. In shallow land burials they may lead to cracking of the overburden and eventual exposure and escape of waste material. The primary causes are consolidation and cave-ins. Laboratory studies performed at Los Alamos permit us to predict settlement caused by consolidation or natural compaction of the crushed tuff overburden. Examples of expected settlement and subsidence are calculated based on the known geotechnical characteristics of crushed tuff. The same thing is done for bentonite/tuff mixes because some field experiments were performed using this additive (bentonite) to reduce the hydraulic conductivity of the crushed tuff. Remedial actions, i.e., means to limit the amount of settlement, are discussed. Finally, we briefly comment on our current field experiment, which studies the influence of subsidence on layered systems, in general, and on biobarriers, in particular. 16 references, 7 figures, 5 tables.


The growth and species competition of two red tide species Thalassiosira pseudonana and Gymnodinium sp.were studied under different N/P ratio,and the algal batch culture experiments was conducted.The physiological and biochemical indexes were measured periodically,including μ_(max),K,G(d)and Chla.The results showed that when the N/P ratio was 16∶1,the μ_(max),K and Chla of Thalassiosira pseudonana were all the highest,and G(d)was the shortest.This implied that the optimal N/P ratio of Thalassiosira pseudonana is 16∶1.When the N/P ratio was 6∶1,the μ_(max),K and Chla of Gymnodinium sp.were the highest,and G(d)were the shortest,so the optimal N/P ratio of Gymnodinium sp.is 6∶1.From the growth curves as indicated both in cell density and Chla,it is suggested that the effect of N/P ratio on Chla and cell density are almost the same.Different N/P ratios had weak influence on succession of community of algae and the competition between the two algae.Gymnodinium sp.may use the phosphorus in vivo for growth,so it is important to pay attention to the concealment of phosphorus,in order to avoid the outbreak of red tide.Based on the importance of nitrogen and phosphorus and its ratio,the possible outbreak mechanism of red tide was also discussed in this paper.


Clustering of uncertain data is an important research direction in the clustering research field.It has far-reaching applications in real life.An improved clustering algorithm kd-means is proposed by optimizing classical ck-means algorithm.The ck-means algorithm needs to calculate the distance of each cluster to the centroid of all objects,so when the sample is large,the clustering efficiency is not very good.The improved algorithm based on the kd-tree structure presented in the paper only needs to calculate part of the distances,which greatly improves the performance of the ck-means algorithm.Experiments demonstrate that the new algorithm is efficient.


In this paper, the stabilization of a cascaded heat-ODE system with time-dependent coefficient is discussed by choosing suitable backstepping transformation transferring the original heat-ODE system into an exponentially stable object system. We prove the existence of time-dependent kernels in forward and invertible transformation via successive approximation method, which is the novelty of the paper, at the same time, the exponential stability of closed-loop system is proved.


A low-pressure refrigerant cooling system with an electronic module, the compressor, and methods. The system, method, and a compressor using the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the refrigerant and the low-pressure communication with the electronic module. Based on the detected temperature by the temperature sensor, the electronic control module for the liquid refrigerant cooled in the dry point electronic module.


This study intends to find out whether gender, proficiency level, and social power of interlocutor influence the realization of English requests by Indonesian EFL learners. Twenty students (aged 16-17) that use English as a means of communication at school were involved in this study. They were asked to do role plays of four situations which frequently occur at school context. The requests used were then analyzed with Takahashi's request strategy types (1996). The results show that (1) male and female participants used different requests strategy types, (2) higher proficiency level participants used different request strategy types compared to participants with lower proficiency level, (3) Indonesian EFL learners used different request strategy types when they talk to interlocutor with higher social power.


BACKGROUND
Although teledermatology has been proven internationally to be an effective and safe addition to the care of patients in primary care, there are few pilot projects implementing teledermatology in routine outpatient care in Germany. The aim of this cluster randomized controlled trial was to evaluate whether referrals to dermatologists are reduced by implementing a store-and-forward teleconsultation system in general practitioner practices.

METHODS
Eight counties were cluster randomized to the intervention and control conditions. During the 1-year intervention period between July 2018 and June 2019, 46 general practitioner practices in the 4 intervention counties implemented a store-and-forward teledermatology system with Patient Data Management System interoperability. It allowed practice teams to initiate teleconsultations for patients with dermatologic complaints. In the four control counties, treatment as usual was performed. As primary outcome, number of referrals was calculated from routine health care data. Poisson regression was used to compare referral rates between the intervention practices and 342 control practices.

RESULTS
The primary analysis revealed no significant difference in referral rates (relative risk  = 1.02; 95% confidence interval = 0.911-1.141; p = .74). Secondary analyses accounting for sociodemographic and practice characteristics but omitting county pairing resulted in significant differences of referral rates between intervention practices and control practices. Matched county pair, general practitioner age, patient age, and patient sex distribution in the practices were significantly related to referral rates.

CONCLUSIONS
While a store-and-forward teleconsultation system was successfully implemented in the German primary health care setting, the intervention's effect was superimposed by regional factors. Such regional factors should be considered in future teledermatology research.


A new approach for assessing nonlinear interaction effects and closed-loop nonlinearity in multivariable processes is presented. It is based on a differential geometric interpretation of the relative gain array that leads naturally to systematic procedures for describing interaction effects of higher order and for assessing closed-loop nonlinearity effects in nonlinear processes. Two types of nonlinear effects associated with the behavior of a process are introduced. Between-channel nonlinearity is associated with the nonlinear dependence of an output channel on other input - output pairings. Withinchannel nonlinearity is used to identify the nonlinear effects that result from the inherent nonlinearity of an individual output channel. A root-mean-squared measure of nonlinearity is introduced and is used to evaluate the significance of local nonlinear effects. Nonlinear interaction measures are derived that provide tools for assessing input - output pairings in a nonlinear process. This new approach extends the standard techniques and provides an estimate of the effect of nonlinearity on closed-loop interactions.


such as crying, excitation, agitation, delirium, and behavioral disturbances during early emergence from general anesthesia.1 This phenomenon must be prevented by providing smooth emergence to pediatric patients. Otherwise, an irritable, uncooperative, inconsolable, and crying child with excessive motor activity may pose a significant problem to the parents and nursing personal to control and children may also harm themselves.2


Summary

1
Although meiofauna occur in large numbers in many streams, almost nothing is known about their functional role.

2
In other systems, meiofauna influence microbial and organic matter dynamics through consumption and bioturbation. Given that these are important processes in streams, meiofauna have the potential to influence lotic function by changing the quality and availability of organic matter as well as the number and biotic activity of benthic microbes. Selective feeding by meiofauna has the potential to alter the availability of nutrients and organic carbon.

3
Meiofauna generally contribute only a small amount to metazoan production and biomass in streams, although exceptions occur. Within a stream, the relative importance of meiofauna may reflect whether the temporary or permanent meiofauna dominate the meiobenthos as well as the season when samples are collected.

4
We suggest stream conditions (small sediment grain size, restricted interstitial flow) under which meiofauna have the greatest likelihood of influencing stream ecosystem function.

5
Important areas for future research include addressing whether meiofauna feed selectively, whether meiofauna are links or sinks for carbon in streams, and whether bioturbation by meiofauna influences stream ecosystem processes in a predictable manner.


(13). On this account, a study of Paulinus should give us access to the spirit of Latin Late Antiquity, for good or ill. Dennis Trout's Paulinus does indeed give us such access, but not to the simple story of world renunciation vs. ascetic withdrawal that both the idealizing and the ambivalent approaches assume. Trout presents not a Paulinus who abandons aristocratic social leadership and involvement for purely ethereal pursuits, but one who adapts his aristocratic leadership to new forms of piety and social order: "Paulinus's turn away from traditional forms of social and political behavior . . . was complemented by his engagement in the new and evolving forms of aristocratic action that would provide one basis for order and continuity in the decades and centuries ahead." The "new opportunities for the exercise of leadership and patronage" lay not in the age-old consularships and Senate seats, but in "tombs, monasteries, and churches" (269). The Paulinus who built basilicas and monastic dwellings, directed a system of patronage and social exchange centered around the cult of Felix, and negotiated his way through the small and conflicted world of the Latin elite at the turn of the fifth century is no socially detached recluse. Rather, he embodies a traditional style of civic leadership, translated into a new Christian idiom.


Carotid body tumors are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from the extra-adrenal paraganglioma of the autonomic nervous system. Very few cases have been reported in literature in the pediatric age group <14 years of age. We present our experience in managing a Shamblin III carotid body tumor in a 13-year-old boy who underwent an unsuccessful attempt at excision at another hospital. Surgical excision of the tumor along with ligation of the internal carotid artery was done without any postoperative neurological sequel. The tumor on the contralateral side was being managed conservatively with serial follow-up.


We illustrate a proof in a theorem proving system can be used not only to show the correctness of a given proposition but also as a calculator to perform symbolic calculation by giving out two case studies under Isabelle/HOL. Through simulating an imperative language, we show this method can be used to realizing various algorithms. Tactics which are designed to construct such proofs can be used to realize automatic theorem proving and fill the gap between the proof in textbook mathematic text and that in a theorem proving system.


The sustainability of health and care services is increasingly expected to be achievable only with digitally supported change. Relating to the emerging digital capabilities discussed in the previous blog post, the DHI Demonstration & Simulation Environment is focused on three service redesign pillars.


It has recently come to my attention that in the review article "Sudden and unexpected death in infancy: A review of the world literature 1954-1966" I failed to make mention of a current and very valid hypothetical explanation, that involving a genetically determined disorder of cardiac conduction. This subject should have appeared together with the section on "Neural Mechanisms" on page 133.
 I regret that this entity was not included in the original presentation because certainly that discussion of recently suggested etiologic mechanics is incomplete without it.


The utility model provides a cooling and dehumidifying device of a refuge chamber for mines, which resolves the problem that using air conditioners directly in the refuge chamber can lead to new irresolvable problems. The cooling and dehumidifying device of the refuge chamber for mines is characterized in that a liquid state carbon dioxide steel cylinder, a high pressure gauge, a master valve, a throttling valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, a low pressure gauge, a reversing valve and a pneumatic fan are connected in sequence through pipelines. The liquid state carbon dioxide steel cylinder is arranged in a transition region, and the other parts are arranged in a living area. After a mining disaster happens, the cooling and dehumidifying device of the refuge chamber for mines can work independently, thereby providing the refuge chamber with a reliable cooling and dehumidifying device and further facilitating the guarantee of life safety of miners and the prolonging of rescue time.


Continuing rises in the price of fuel, and the prospect of eventual exhaustion of reserves, are problems that persist. This article examines the way finite fuel stocks will affect the industry, and some of the technical palliatives. /Flight International/


Type-species: Reliquia santamarta sp. n . Genus of Pierini closely allied to Pieris Schrank, with the following combination of characters: Diagnosis a~. Venation as figured (Figs . 1, 2 ). Four radial veins in the forewing ; veins Ra and R4+5 long-stalked, the veins themselves being short. A pair of tibial spurs present on the mid and hind legs. Tarsa l claws bifid, subequal; paronychium elongate and tapering, at least two thirds the length of the claw; pulvillus about one quarter the length of the claw and tapering towards the apex. a. Clasper rounded (Fig. 3), without a distinct apical projection; aedeagus parallel sided and distally simple (Fig. 4); juxta with a central elongate backwardpointing process (Fig. 5); uncus simple, as long as the tegumen. ~. Bursa copulatrix with an accessory pouch and about equal in length to the ductus bursae, a largely unsclerotized structure apart from the area about the ostium.


The core of the protection of intellectual property from the criminal law relies on the scientific and rational definition of values. As far as the values choice of protection from the criminal law in our country is concerned, firstly, considering the benefit balance, legal monopoly rights of authors should be protected and meanwhile the public interest should be considered. Secondly, from the view of the choices of protection strategies, the extent of protection, strong or weak, is relative with the economic benefits of countries. According to the above comment, the author inspected the current condition of China's protection of intellectual property from the criminal law, then reviewed and reflected "the interpretation on the several issues on handling the criminal cases of intellectual property rights infringement" from the perspective of values choices. On the foundation of analysis, the author brought forward the following viewpoints:1.advocate the uncriminalization and unpenalization;2. establish the penalty system in which fine penalty is dominant and liberty penalty is supplemental;3.create the new penalty system of qualification penalty;4. improve the penalty system of fine penalty.


This study aimed to determine the thermodynamic properties of sorption processes (desorption and adsorption) of husk rice grains, cv. Urucuia. Static-gravimetric method was used to obtain the equilibrium moisture content in different temperature (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 °C ± 1°C) and relative humidity (10, 30, 50, 70 e 90 % ± 2%) conditions. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that a decrease of moisture content values leads to: a) increment of energy needed to remove water from the product increases, represented by the total values of isosteric heat of desorption; b) increment of energy released by water adsorption in the product, represented by the values of the total isosteric heat of adsorption; c) increment of values of differential entropy of desorption and adsorption, resulting in lower demand for mobility of water molecules. Gibbs free energy decreased with increasing temperature in both processes, with positive values for desorption (endothermic process), and negative for adsorption (exothermic process). The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory is valid to the sorption phenomenon (desorption and adsorption) of husk rice grains and both process was enthalpy controlled.


This letter to the editor reports that distribution and storage problems are a major impediment to making condoms available in "the most remote corners of the world". It emphasizes that the supply chain is a critical but often overlooked element in the success of any health program.


Objective To explore the CT and MRI characteristic manifestation of solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas(SPTP) and it's pathological findings.Methods Imaging findings in 12 patients with histopathologically proved SPTP were retrospectively analyzed.CT scanning was performed in 12 cases and MRI was performed in 5 cases respectively.Result All patients with single lesion manifested comparatively large cystic-solid mass on CT scanning except one solid mass in the head of pancreas,including 6 lesions of pridominantly cystic component,3 lesions of alternately solid and cystic component and 2 lesions of pridominantly solid component.Exophytic lesion,complete capsule,part capsule conglutination,calcification were fond in 11,10,2 and 5 lesions,respectively.The solid part and capsule of SPTP presented characteristic delayed enhancement on CT contrast scanning.The solid part enhanced less than the pancreatic parenchyma did in three phases,while the capsule enhanced more than pancreatic parenchyma did in venous phase and delayed phase.The solid part of 5 cases underwent MRI scanning showed low signal intensity on T1WI and slightly high signal intensity on T2WI.The cystic part showed similarily cerebro-spinal fluid signal intensity.Hematocele showed characteristic high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2WI with obvious variety in signal intensity owing to the size and time of hemorrhage.The capsule presented low signal intensity on T1WI and T2WI.MRCP showed pressed and shifted pancreas and bile ducts without obstruction.Conclusion SPTP possesses highly radiologic feature.MRI possesses the capability of displaying the capsule,Hematocele and degree of the pressed pancreas and bile ducts much more.


Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism, especially in association with central venous catheter use. Coumarin drugs and low molecular weight heparin are frequently used for anti‐coagulant therapy, but are more challenging to administer in CF patients. Dabigatran, an oral thrombin antagonist, is an alternative anti‐coagulant medication, but its use in CF has not been reported. We describe our experience in successfully using dabigatran for long‐term anti‐coagulation therapy in two CF patients. Our experience suggests that dabigatran can serve as an option for anticoagulation therapy in CF. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:E29–E30. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The limiting factor in how many unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) a single operator may be able to simultaneously control successfully may be constrained by the workload experienced by that operator. Recently, the focus on the cause of the workload and performance variation primarily stemmed from the number of concurrent UAVs controlled by a single operator. The present experiment systematically investigated the number of UAVs controlled and the number of targets each UAV had to provide information on during its flight. Additionally, an automation aid was evaluated to determine if cueing facilitated performance. The results suggest that the tasks of each UAV are just as much or perhaps even more important to consider when evaluating the source of increased operator workload and performance differences. Further, the automation, as employed in this experiment was limited in providing a practical benefit to the operator.


Background: Parkinson's illness has been proclaimed as the second most neurodegenerative problem on the planet. Ganoderma lucidum is considered as a genuine restorative mushroom.
Aim: Our study was directed to assess the antiparkinsonian action of Ganoderma lucidum in rotenone-incited Parkinson's disease in male Wistar rodents.
Methods: The impacts of Ganoderma lucidum were concentrated on catalepsy, muscle rigidity.
Results: Ganoderma lucidum fundamentally decreased the expanded length of catalepsy. Rotenone essentially initiated the disturbance of motor neurons as demonstrated by muscle rigidity of muscles and decreased locomotion. Ganoderma lucidum alleviated the disturbance of motor neurons by rotarod execution and locomotor action of the creatures. The exercises of cell reinforcement proteins catalase and superoxide dismutase, and the level of tripeptide glutathione were essentially diminished by rotenone. Besides, rotenone extended the level of lipid peroxidation thing malondialdehyde. Notwithstanding, Ganoderma lucidum supplementation to rotenone-infused rats essentially extended the degrees of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, and diminished the level of malondialdehyde
Conclusion: Our study firmly supports the notion that Ganoderma lucidum has neuroprotective and antiparkinsonian action.


PIN diodes, which sandwich a lightly doped intrinsic (I) region between heavily doped P and N regions, are used extensively in RF and microwave applications. Common applications of PIN diodes are microwave switches, phase shifters, and attenuators, where high isolation and low loss are required. They can be found in test equipment, instrumentation, communications gear, radar, and a variety of military applications.


This paper presents considerations regarding the benefits obtained by implementing traffic control measures on an inter-urban road network. The considerations are based on the results obtained by simulating traffic scenarios on a model road network. These scenarios involve: heavy traffic, over-capacity of the network; medium traffic, under-capacity of the network, but involving an incident. The results obtained are compared with a normal traffic scenario, under the road network capacity and in the absence of any incident. The traffic control measures analysed regarding their results are: ramp metering, variable speed limit, driver information through variable message signs.


System design is commonly thought of as a process of maximizing a design objective subject to constraints, among which are the system requirements. Given system-level requirements, a convenient management approach is to disaggregate the system into subsystems and to "flowdown" the system-level requirements to the subsystem or lower levels. We note, however, that requirements truly are constraints, and they typically impose a penalty on system performance. Furthermore, disaggregation of the system-level requirements into the flowdown requirements creates added sets of constraints, all of which have the potential to impose further penalties on overall system performance. This is a highly undesirable effect of an otherwise beneficial system design management process. This article derives conditions that may be imposed on the flowdown requirements to assure that they do not penalize overall system performance beyond the system-level requirement.


We give a formula for computing the characteristic polynomial for certain hyperplane arrangements in terms of the number of bipartite graphs of given rank and cardinality.


Thc protcclion of liquid light metals Cmm oxidation is a major issue in recycling and mclting proccsscs in rhc light mctal industry. Thc prorcction of liquid magncsirrm surfacc was carried out by using salts. alloying clemcnts, incrt gascs or rcactivc gas mixture. Snlt bnscd prorcction is still ~ h c most widely uscd technology in the recycling of magnesium, but gases arc more frcqucntly uscd in magnesium c;lszing industry. Protcczing thc mottcn mctal undcr a blanket of an inert gas such as argon or helium is dangerous. bccausc no protcctivc taycr is hrrnorl on thc mctr surface and mctal is frcc to cvaporatc, resulting in safcty hazards when furnace ambicncc is cxposcd to air duc to a violcnt rcaction. Thc disadvantagcs of t hcse methods have been partially ovcrcomc by using reactive gas systcrn, in which n chcmicnl rcaction hctwccn a gas and thc moltcn mctal produces a fhin protective film on the surface of the melt. Rcaclive gascs likc SFI, or SOz do not mccr cnvironmcnral standards due to their cxtrcrnely high global warming ptentiat or toxicity. Thcreforc thc altcrnativc covcring gascs ror magncsium mclrbng arc o l big intcrcst. Gas mixturcs containing HE%-1 34a, Novec 6 12. BF3 (Magshictd systcrn) and solid C 0 2 have hccn succcssfi~ll y ~cstcd in I he world. Keys word: Magncsium: prorcetivc atmosphere; casting; oxidation Castings from rnagncsium alloys duc to thcir multiplc advantages arc being uscd in aviation, motorisation and clcctron~cs. Ncw magncsium alloys of an incscascd creeping strength and with innovative alloying clemcnis, can open thc way for addit ionat applications. Thc main advantages of rnagncsium al toys arc: thcir dcnsity (an avcrage dcnsity of magnesium alloys equals 1.74 glcrn3, whilc that of aluminium alloys equals 2.7 plcm3), good casting properties. shieiding against clcctromagnetic radiation. high resistance and elasticity (Table 1). Two groups or casting magnesium alloys arc thc most often applied: Mg-Al group: alloy A291 (9% Al, 1% Zn), AM60 (6% Al) and AM50 (5% AI); * Mg-Zr group: Electron RZ5 (4% Zn, rare earth elemcnts, 0 .64 Zr), Electron WE43 (4.3% yttrium, 2.3% neodymium, 1 % hcavy rarc carth elements). World production of cating from magncsium alloys was, in the year 2006, equal 1 256 866 ions. and the Emcst producers wcrc: Japan 1 614 837 t. USA 105 233 t. ~ u s i i a -'TO Oa) t, Gcrmany 30 556 t and Italy 12 000 t 121. Duc to ~ h c tcndcncy of oxidising and contaminating with non-mctallic inclusions zhc rnagncsiuni alloys arc cast undcr thc salt covcr in an atrnosphcrc of amhicnt gases or reactive gawous mixtures as wcll as via an in~roduction OF alloying ctcmcnrs. During metal ovcrhcating and casting the rnctal mclt 1s hcing covcrcd by spcial pnwdcrs acting as inhibitors. Thcy arc also addcd ta moulding snnds to prcvcnt chemical wsctions with mctat


PURPOSE
The return on investment of pharmacy residency training at a Veterans Affairs hospital was estimated.

METHODS
The financial costs and benefits associated with one year's training of eight residents were estimated retrospectively. The costs were compared with estimated costs for training newly hired pharmacists without institutional experience. The residents' work output as measured by notations in progress notes was compared with that of their pharmacist preceptors, and this ratio was used in establishing an amount the institution would be willing to pay for a resident's output.

RESULTS
The estimated benefit-to-cost ratio for the residency program was favorable. Hiring its residents rather than new, untrained pharmacists for full-time positions was estimated to benefit the hospital.

CONCLUSION
The benefit-to-cost ratio of the residency training program was estimated to be 1.5:1. Resident productivity was estimated to save the institution $563,936 annually.


innovation has always played a major role in surgical practice. traditionally, advances were made through trial and error primarily solving acute clinical problems (ie, hemorrhage, perforation). the need to demonstrate superior clinical effectiveness for alternative surgical strategies required the development of rigorous scientific methods of evaluation, the most robust of which is the randomized controlled trial (RCt). Yet weak methodology, bias, and incomplete reporting may undermine our confidence in a study's conclusions despite the title of RCt. in addition, much of the surgical literature remains observational and of varying quality; thus, the answers to many common surgical problems remain elusive. Regardless of study type, best evidence requires the application of sound methodology and transparent reporting of results. Potential difficulties with surgical research have been well documented and discussed. Randomized controlled trials are capable of determining cause and effect but, from a surgical point of view, are often seen as difficult and sometimes impractical because of the complexity of surgical interventions and the required resources. Procedural outcomes are often the result of several related yet distinct components that are difficult to examine in isolation. additional variables include surgical decision making, skills, preferences, and experience all of which require careful consideration during study design to avoid systematic bias. in addition to the presence of bias, confidence in estimates of effect from an RCt are lower if a trial demonstrates inconsistency, indirectness, or imprecision. as outlined by Cook, there are 3 generic types of surgical trials: exploratory trials where the utility of an intervention is determined, explanatory trials to assess whether an intervention is efficacious when performed by surgeons with specific expertise in a well-defined population, and pragmatic trials to assess whether an intervention is effective when performed by surgeons with differing levels of expertise in a general population with broad inclusion criteria. Progression through this hierarchy ensures complete evaluation of an innovation. the challenge is to determine the optimal time to shift from an exploratory (observational) to an investigative study (RCt). if performed too early, the definitive technique may not be established and the results may reflect a point on the learning curve. if the investigative study is too late and the intervention is widely available, equipoise is lost and recruitment difficult. this paradox has been termed Buxton's law, "it is always too early until suddenly it's too late." another challenge specific to surgical trials is choosing the appropriate comparator. Patients and surgeons may be less likely to participate when 2 interventions have very different riskbenefit profiles such as a comparison to a newer technique with less experience, a medical treatment, or a sham operation. Despite these hurdles, there is ample evidence in the surgical literature of well-designed RCts that have answered important surgical questions. investigators should persevere in the use of this design whenever appropriate. although the RCt design provides the best chance of avoiding bias, it is neither practical nor desirable to answer every surgical question because these studies are resource intensive, time consuming, and not always generalizable to larger populations. many surgical procedures that are accepted as standard of care have not been subjected to the scrutiny of an RCt, and, at this point, such a trial would be unethical. observational studies can provide relatively strong evidence to support advances in surgery when the results demonstrate large treatment effects or when the effect of any confounding factors would bias the results in opposition to the observed effect. large well-designed observational cohort studies can be used to determine and validate risk assessment for surgical therapies and monitor safety in practice. most surgical therapies should undergo Acquiring Surgical Knowledge: Sound Methodology and Transparent Reporting


With the Landau-Lifshitz' expression of energy-momentum press and the formula of quadrupole,the sources of gravitational radiation of some compact binary systems,were discassed, gravitational radiation of several compact binary systems (e.g. binary PRS1913+16,bi-stars PSRJ0737-3039A/B and binary black holes) were calculated. Comparing with the theoretic results and the that of observation,it is found that there be a agreement between the observed data and theoretic results in accepting precision extent,and it show that the Landau-Lifshitz' expression of energy-momentum press and the formula of quadrupole surely be a good approximate way for research the emission of gravitational waves.13refs.


This paper unfolds the different stories and experiences of the relations of Zhuge Liang vs Liu Bei,Zhou Yu vs Sun Brothers,Sima Yi vs Cao kings of four generations,so as to prove that the full display of the subordinates′talents are determined by the harmony of the relationship between the kingly masters and their subjects.


Network computing system exists security issue, so we proposed a calculation method which could distinguish credible level from information mining. The calculation method uses system credible state detector to detect network system entities behaviors which in different environments and the different angles, extraction behaviors that affect credible decision-making as evidence. Normalized the systematic evidence, then the information of data mining based on cloud model and calculation credible identification. Finally, make the decision of system confidence level.


Wildlife observability and responses and visitor attitudes were sampled after a mandatory visitor shuttle bus transportation system was in operation for 10 years in Denali National Park, Alaska. Visitor approval of the park transportation policy increased from 80% to 89% from 1972 to 1982-83. Vehicles per day increased 50% from 1973-74 to 1982-83. Moose sightings per trip declined 72%, grizzly bear sightings declined 32%, while Dall sheep and caribou sightings remained constant over the same period. Allowing unlimited private vehicle access during the falls of 1982 and 1983 had little influence upon the numbers of wildlife seen. However, more wildlife were put to flight, flight distances increased, more grizzlies were thwarted from crossing the road, and visitors stopped near and approached wildlife afoot more often. Wildlife responses were significantly influenced by pre-stimulus wildlife behavior for all four species, the type of human behavior for moose and grizzlies, sex/age class for moose and caribou, group size for caribou, number of vehicles present for grizzlies, and the presence or absence of vegetation screening for moose and grizzlies (p 1 km away (4.8±5.1%), and when close to the road they were alerted to 37±21% of all road stimuli, while caribou were alerted to only 21±11% (p<0.03) of road stimuli. Key words: wildlife viewing, visitor attitudes, wildlife response to traffic, Denali National Park, moose (Alces alces ), Dall sheep ( Ovis dalli ), grizzly bear ( Urusus arctos ), caribou ( Rangifer tarandus )


This work aims to think the therapeutic process as a body-creation knowledge project, that would consist in unveiling of life through the parts that composes the thought (art, philosophy and science), allowing the composition of new existential territories, in an ability to let the things appear the way they happen, in a constant opening. The notion of ethical-aesthetic and political paradigm would direct the analytic practices. The aesthetic paradigm cares for the existence creation and of the permanent creation of the world. Is presupposes the creation in its nascent state, that is what the update permanent power is made of. The ethical and political paradigm evidences a commitment with life power and effectuation in the being's differentiation, and a responsibility act facing the constituted one, as well as the options which go constituting themselves and that overtake pre-established outlines.


The researchers carried out an econometric study on data collected in Santiago de Chile, using a model for vehicle demand. The model is innovative in three respects: it is dynamic in that it observes changes in the car fleet over time; it introduces vertical differentiation that measures consumers' willingness to buy less polluting vehicles; and it makes a distinction between high-pollution areas affected by the restrictions and other areas. This model, which is more comprehensive than those in the literature, is able, by means of numerical simulations, to test a variety of policies aimed at reducing urban air pollution.


The central Luconia province, offshore Sarawak, is a significant gas province, characterized by extensive development of late Miocene carbonate buildups. The F6 gas field is presently the largest gas accumulation in the province (approximately 170 km[sup 2]). Its gas is supplied to the Malaysian Liquefied Natural Gas (MNLG) plant in Bintulu. The field has been in production for almost seven years, beginning January 1987. The F6 field is a large platform-type carbonate buildup, having a relatively flat top and steep flanks. The seismic data quality is good, consisting of 2-D seismic data with coverage varying from 0.5 to 0.7 km at the crest to 2.0 to 2.5 km at the flanks. A total of 16 wells have been drilled mainly in the crestal or central part of the buildup. Extensive core data of the reservoir interval are available from four of these wells. Current production is from 10 development wells situated at the crest of the buildup with one observation well used for compaction monitoring. The gas-bearing interval in the F6 reservoir has two highly porous zones, which are separated by a tighter zone that appears to form a permeability barrier. Current estimates indicate that 35% of the GIIP ismore » in the upper two zones and 65% in the lower zone. The remaining geological uncertainties in F6 mainly relate to (1) lateral reservoir property variation, especially of the tight zone and the buildup flank areas and (2) the strength of the aquifer. Lateral permeability variations, e.g., permeability reduction along the buildup flanks, could affect ultimate recovery. The results of a reservoir geological review, including results of a porosity lateral prediction study, are presented.« less


In view of the obvious advantages of an injectable antipernicious anemia substance and the promising results reported by Gansslen, 1 Selander, 2 van Leeuwen, 3 Strauss, Taylor and Castle 4 and others with intravenous and intramuscular materials, this work was undertaken with the twofold objective of producing an improved injectable material that would be ( a ) of a definitely standardized potency and ( b ) of a chemical refinement sufficiently great to remove the irritating and objectionable elements and thus permit safer, more convenient and painless subcutaneous use. In order to begin with material of highest known potency, we used equine liver prepared as reported in our previous work. 5 This method was essentially similar to that of Strauss, Taylor and Castle. 4 Absolute alcohol sufficient to bring the liquid up to 95 per cent was added to the liver extract. After standing, the precipitate was separated and dissolved in a convenient amount of water, and a


The extracts from aerial parts (leaves and stem) of Tylophora indica were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. The antioxi dant activity of crude extracts was determined by using DPPH free radical scavenging method in which methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed high est antioxidant activity (IC 50 values 87 µg/mL and 81 µg/mL respectively). Methanol extract was further puri fied to isolated hydrochloride salt of tylophorinidine and tylophorinine, identified by analytical and spectral data. Tylophorinidine hydrochloride showed promising antioxidant activit y with IC 50 24 µg/mL.


In the first decade of the fourteenth century, texts relating to the conflict over the study of philosophy bristled with complaints about the content of sermons delivered by philosophically oriented Jews. Late in that century, the great halakhist and philosopher Hasdai Crescas was reportedly preaching "publicly in the synagogues that the Messiah was born in Cisneros, in the kingdom of Castile." During the intervening decades, there is every reason to believe that Iberian Jews delivered weekly sermons in their synagogues, and that these sermons would serve as valuable evidence for Jewish history, literature, and thought. Yet few such preachers are actually known to us, and someone searching for an account in English (beyond a few lines in the Encyclopaedia Judaica) of Jewish preaching in the fourteenth century would, until recently, have been totally stymied. The standard work on the subject, Israel Bettan's Studies in Jewish Preaching: The Middle Ages (Cincinnati, 1939), leaps from Bahya ben Asher at the end of the thirteenth century to Isaac Arama at the end of the fifteenth. A major step toward filling this lacuna has been taken by Carmi Horowitz in his fine monograph on the sermons of Rabbi Joshua ibn Shu'eib. Disciple of the Rashba and teacher of Menahem ben Zerah (author of Seidah la-Derekh), member of a prominent family in Tudela, ibn Shu'eib left behind a precious collection of his Sabbath and festival sermons. Like most extant Jewish sermons from the Middle Ages, these texts contain little that illuminates the biography or personality of the preacher, and virtually nothing that reflects upon discrete historical events. Their value is primarily as a model of Jewish homiletical art in a period from which few examples remain, and as evidence for the material a Jewish community could expect to hear from the pulpit at Sabbath services: an abundance of aggadic midrashim (including some known from no other source), popularized philosophical teachings, and—perhaps most surprisingly—frequent references to kabbalistic doctrines. After reviewing the little that is known about ibn Shu'eib's life and


Section I Clinical Decision Making Section II Basics of Urologic Surgery Section III Infections and Imflammation Section IV Molecular and Cellular Biology Section V Reproductive and Sexual Function Section VI Male Genitalia Section VII Renal Physiology and Pathophysiology Section VIII Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction and Trauma Section IX Urinary Lithiasis and Endourology Section X Neoplasms of the Upper Urinary Tract Section XI The Adrenals Section XII Urine Transport, Storage, and Emptying Section XIII Benign and Malignant Bladder Disorders Section XIV Prostate Section XV Pediatric Urology Index


This paper exploits a rich data source to provide new measures of social mobility in England and Wales from 1851 to 1901. Existing measures of intergenerational mobility derived from marriage registries fail to control for life-cycle differences between father and son. Correcting for this reveals significantly more mobility across generations than previous estimates: half of all sons occupy a different occupational class than their father, and upward mobility exceeds downward by 40 percent. In addition, the rate of intragenerational mobility is measured for the first time. While slightly lower than mobility across generations, it is substantial; 44 percent of young males changed occupational class over a thirty-year period. International and intertemporal comparisons show that mobility in Britain was much lower than in the U.S., but that unlike in the U.S., it trended upward from the 1850s to the 1970s.


This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th Conference of the Spanish Association for Artificial Intelligence, CAEPIA 20013, held in Madrid, Spain, in September 2013. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 66 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on Constraints, search and planning, intelligent Web and information retrieval, fuzzy systems, knowledge representation, reasoning and logic, machine learning, multiagent systems, multidisciplinary topics and applications, metaheuristics, uncertainty in artificial intelligence.


Scheduling jobs effectively under consideration of actual loads on machines is one of the most complicated tasks in production control. The complexity of the finite capacity scheduling often makes the conventional methods of industrial engineering fail. As an alternative, Knowledge-based approaches to job-shop scheduling have been evolved recently. This paper presents a blackboard- based scheduling expert system which combines knowledge-based scheduling with interactive scheduling. It is shown to be possible to generate the feasible schedule within a reasonable time. Flexible reaction management is also possible while keeping the changes in the generated schedule to the minimal and adjusting the schedule to tardy operations or working environmental changes. The system is equipped with a rule base with heuristics for handling conflicted event. A case study applying the implemented system is described.


This paper presents robust and efficient approach for iris recognition using wavelet transform. Iris recognition is accepted as one of the most efficient biometric method. One of the difficult problems in feature based iris recognition is that the matching performance is significantly influenced by many parameters in feature extraction process, which may vary depending on environmental factors of image acquisition. We propose a efficient approach for improved iris recognition system with reduced false acceptance rate (FAR) and false rejection rate (FRR). The technique developed here uses db1, db4 and bior2.4 discrete wavelet transform for feature extraction of normalized iris and encoded the vertical and horizontal (LH3 & HL3) coefficients as iris code which reduces complexity of iris encoding and gives texture information in low and high frequency region. Experimental evaluation using different iris database such as CASIA (versions 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0), UBIRIS (versions 1.0), MMU (versions 1.0 and 2.0) clearly demonstrates that the use of wavelet filters makes it possible to achieve accurate and robust iris recognition and an effective matching performance of the proposed algorithm with lowest EER (0.2% & 0.19%) for MMU and UBIRIS database than other existing approaches.


The present invention discloses a maleic-diamino-nitrile derivative, wherein the structural formula of formula (I) as shown: (I), the present invention also discloses a preparation method and use of such derivatives. The chemical sensor of the present invention provides the preparation of derivatives of mercury ions in response to the obtained sensitivity, good selectivity and high recognition strength, and interference from metal ions heteroaryl, while fluorescence sensor for detecting mercuric ions which appear in the visible region, by the "naked eye" colorimetric analysis to the presence of mercury ions, high practical value, have potential application in the realization of quick and easy detection of mercury ions.


Several Intelligent Vehicles capabilities from Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) to Autonomous Driving functions depend on a priori information provided by navigation maps. Whilst these were intended for driver guidance as they store road network information, today they are even used in applications that control vehicle motion. In general, the vehicle position is projected onto the map to relate with links in the stored road network. However, maps might contain faults, leading to navigation and situation understanding errors. Therefore, the integrity of the map-matched estimates must be monitored to avoid failures that can lead to hazardous situations. The main focus of this research is the real-time autonomous evaluation of faults in navigation maps used in intelligent vehicles. Current passenger vehicles are equipped with proprioceptive sensors that allow estimating accurately the vehicle state over short periods of time rather than long trajectories. They include receiver for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and are also increasingly equipped with exteroceptive sensors like radar or smart camera systems. The challenge resides on evaluating the integrity of the navigation maps using vehicle on board sensors. Two types of map faults are considered: Structural Faults, addressing connectivity (e.g., intersections). Geometric Faults, addressing geographic location and road geometry (i.e. shape). Initially, a particular structural navigation map fault is addressed: the detection of roundabouts absent in the navigation map. This structural fault is problematic for ADAS and Autonomous Driving. The roundabouts are detected by classifying the shape of the vehicle trajectory. This is stored for use in ADAS and Autonomous Driving functions on future vehicle trips on the same area. Next, the geometry of the map is addressed. The main difficulties to do the autonomous integrity monitoring are the lack of reliable information and the low level of redundancy. This thesis introduces a mathematical framework based on the use of repeated vehicle trips to assess the integrity of map information. A sequential test is then developed to make it robust to noisy sensor data. The mathematical framework is demonstrated theoretically including the derivation of definitions and associated properties. Experiments using data acquired in real traffic conditions illustrate the performance of the proposed approaches.


A series resistor (RV) is fitted in series with an incandescent lamp (GL1) and a switching transistor (T) is connected in parallel to the former and is controlled via an ignition transistor (TZ) which is fed on the input side with the voltage drop occuring at the lamp (GL) after the application of the power supply. Once a certain voltage drop is reached across the lamp resistance increased by the heat produced by the current, the transistors (TZ, T) conduct completely. In bidirectional form, the circuit is also suitable for a.c. operation.


A method of diagnosing the air resistance in the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, characterized by the following steps: - measuring a first pressure in the intake pipe to a low air mass flow (ps1), - measuring a second pressure in the intake pipe for a high air mass flow rate (ps2), - calculating the pressure difference (DELTAps) from the first pressure in the intake manifold (ps1) and the second pressure in the intake pipe (ps2), - comparing the pressure difference (DELTAps) to a first reference value (DELTApref1), - outputting a signal if the pressure difference ( DELTAps) is greater than the first reference value (DELTApref1).


Subject of this study are two Kondo impurities coupled to helical edge modes of 2D time-reversal invariant topological insulator. The latter is described by using a Kane Mele lattice model. Helicity is defined as a lock in relation between spin and propagation direction. an edge with a specific helicity supports only modes which share the same helicity. The physics of such a system are determined by a competition of two seminal phenomena: The Kondo effect and the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) indirect exchange interaction. The Kondo effect leads to a screening of the impurity spins by itinerant conduction electrons for each impurity separately whereas the RKKY indirect exchange interaction correlates them. The Kondo/RKKY competition has intensively been studied in the literature starting with the seminal paper by Doniach [1]. The Kondo phase is normally suppressed in 1D usual systems, thus the RKKY phase dominates in a huge range of Kondo couplings and interimpurity distances. However, the Kondo/RKKY competition in a 1D helical Luttinger liquid (HLL) is highly nontrivial [2]. Namely, the Kondo effect can be enhanced significantly by magnetic anisotropy or Coulomb interaction. The latter is typically strong in realistic samples. One can come across the case where the Kondo effect overwhelms the RKKY interaction even at small distances. This behavior can be explained with Doniach's criterion. The two characteristic energy scales of the RKKY indirect exchange interaction (the RKKY energy) and the Kondo effect (the Kondo temperature) can be used to compare the two effects. If the RKKY energy is greater than the Kondo temperature, the RKKY phase will win. However, the Kondo temperature can be significantly increased in HLL, thus the Kondo effect is possibly superior to the RKKY phase. The current project is devoted to a numerical study of a two impurity Kondo model coupled to helical edge modes of a quantum spin Hall system via NRG calculations. Numerical treatment is needed as a complimentary tool to the existing analytical theory [2] to investigate a real lattice model which can not be included in the analytical considerations. Furthermore, analytics addressed only limiting cases far from the RKKY/Kondo transition (e.g. decoupling limit for the Kondo description). A detailed theory of RKKY/Kondo transition do not exist. Numerics include evaluating energy flow diagrams (outcome of NRG calculations), calculating interimpurity spectral functions and expectation values of interimpurity operators xSz 1 S 2 y. These methods has allowed us to study the RKKY/Kondo transition for this particular model because the expectation value of the interimpurity operator differs in the RKKY phase compared to the Kondo phase. The main result of the current project is the numerical confirmation of the analytically obtained predictions of the RKKY/Kondo competition in a helical 1D system [2]. In that paper, a RKKY/Kondo transition is predicted for an effective Luttinger parameter of K̃a " 1{2 whereas the numerical calculation during this project obtains a critical effective Luttinger parameter of K̃n « 3{4. The difference can be explained with the use of different models in analytical and numerical studies as well as with the phenomenological nature of the Doniach criterion which can only yield an approximate value of the critical Luttinger parameter.


This draft proposes a two-tier resource management model for different iated services networks. Following the approach taken by the Internet routing architecture, we propos e that bilateral service agreements are made for aggregate border-crossing traffic between neighboring administrative domains. We also propose that administrative domains indivi dually make their own decision on strategies and protocols to use for internal resource managem e t and QoS support, both to meet internal client needs and to fulfill external commitm ents.


A collection of nine essays that delve into the relationship between Jewish Americans and the culture of sports. The book analyzes assimilation and acculturation, discrimination, gender, social class, and the building of a Jewish American community.


Kolkata Urban Agglomeration is one of the third largest urban agglomeration as well as third largest rapidly urbanizing, oldest and densely populatedcity in India.Due to urbanization and industrialization, the number of built-up areas are increasing andreplacing the vegetation and land cover area.As urbanization is known as one of the most contributing factors for urban warming, so it is necessary to express the pattern of urban warming and degradation of land vegetation.Remote sensing and GIS with statistical procedure have enabled continuous monitoring land surface temperature (LST) and its correlation to land use and land cover change (LULCC). Landsat image creates an opportunity to study land surface temperature.This study to estimate LST through thermal bands (10 & 11) with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using Landsat 8 (OLI / TIRS) satellite data through ArcGIS software. Mean LST varied from 302.3°C to 276.5°C A weakly positive correlation was observed between NDVI and LST (R 2 = 0.0159). It is found that the correlations between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) depend on the time of season and day. The correlation between NDVI and LST for winter is positive, but summer is negative. The combined knowledge of LST and NDVI is necessary for understanding eco-environmental change and human – environmental interactions. Vegetation Index (NDVI), Kolkata Urban (KUG), GIS


We analyse the morphology of the laser plasmas produced on surfaces containing various carbon clusters (nanotubes, nanofibres, fullerenes, and nanoparticles). It is shown that the presence of C5–C25 nanoparticles in the laser plasmas coincides with the enhancement of harmonics in the spectral range of 40–80 nm. We suggest that these nanoparticles, rather than larger clusters, play a decisive role in the observed growth of harmonic yield.


Situated search is the process of achieving a goal in the world. Traditional single-agent search algorithms (such as the A* algorithm) usually assume completely known, stationary domains with deterministic actions. These assumptions favor search approaches that first determine open-loop plans (sequences of actions) that can then be executed blindly in the world. Consequently, single-agent search in AI is often performed in a mental model of the world (state space): states are represented as memory images and search is a process inside the computer (search-in-memory). Situated search can interleave or overlap searchin-memory with action execution. This approach has advantages over traditional approaches in nondeterministic, non-stationary, or only partially known domains. It allows one, for example, to gather information by executing actions. This information can be used to resolve uncertainty caused by missing knowledge of the domain, inaccurate world models, or actions with non-deterministic effects. For instance, one does not need to plan for every contingency in nondeterministic domains; planning is necessary only for those situations that actually result from the execution of actions. My research focuses on the design and analysis of agent-centered search methods. Agent-centered search methods are situated search methods that restrict the search-in-memory to a small part of the state space that is centered around the current state of the agent before committing to the execution of the next action. Since agent-centered search methods perform a small amount of search-in-memory around the current state of the agent, they can be characterized as "situated search with small look-ahead." Examples of agentcentered search methods include real-time heuristic search methods (they search forward from the current state of the agent), many on-line reinforcement learning algorithms, and exploration approaches. A major difference .between search-in-memory and agent-centered search is that search-in-memory methods can "jump around in the state space." If, after they have expanded a state, a state in a different part of the state space looks promising, they can expand this state next. In contrast, in situated search, if an agent wanted to explore a state, it would have to execute actions that get it there. The further the state is from the current state of the agent, the more expensive it is to get to that state. Furthermore, backtracking to a previous state might not be easy: it can be very expensive in state spaces with asymmetric costs and the agent might not even have learned how to "undo" an action execution. Thus, one can expect situated (agentcentered) search methods to have different properties than search-in-memory methods. To date, agent-centered search methods have mostly been studied in the context of specific applications. The few existing results are mostly of empirical nature and no systematic or comparative studies have yet been conducted. It is therefore unclear when (and why) agent-centered search algorithms perform well. My research explores, both theoretically and experimentally, how agent-centered search methods behave. This includes an analysis of the factors that influence their performance. Such an analysis is helpful, for example, for predicting their performance in nondeterministic domains, for distinguishing easy from hard search problems, for representing situated search problems in a way that allows them to be solved efficiently, and for developing more adequate testbeds for agent-centered search methods than sliding tile puzzles, blocks worlds, and grid worlds. The second step then is to use these results to extend the functionality of agent-centered search algorithms to better fit typically encountered situated search situations. This includes probabilistic domains with non-linear reward structures, which can be caused, for instance, by the presence of dead-lines or risk attitudes. For more details and references to the literature, see (Koenig SC Simmons 1996).


Callus induction was optimized in Swarna masoori rice cultivar, a local variety of Andrapradesh, India, during somatic embryogenesis, using various concentration of 2, 4-D. The seeds were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog medium with various concentrations of 2, 4-D (2mg/L, 4mg/L, 8mg/L and 16mg/L) and the growth of the callus was observed from 2 nd to 7 th week. The focus of the study was to optimize the concentration of 2, 4-D to induce efficient callus for subsequent transformation experiments. From the results it was seen clearly that 2 to 4 mg/L of 2, 4-D induced substantial callus growth than 8 to 16 mg/L which caused callus browning after 3 rd week. Although 2 to 4 mg/L of 2, 4-D induced efficient callus, callus induction by 2 mg/L was found to be efficient to regenerate into shoots and roots were as most of the callus induced by 4mg/L of 2, 4-D regenerated into roots. Therefore, we conclude that 2 mg/L of 2, 4-D was found to be efficient to induce callus in swarna masoori rice cultivar. The callus obtained from 2, 4-D (2mg/L) induction can be transformed with genes of agronomically important traits, which have the potential to regenerate into an entire plant.


An analytic investigation into the fundamental aspects of scheduling "Dial-a-Ride" transportation systems is conducted. Based upon simple mathematical models that focus on the combinatorial nature of the problem, a class of algorithms is derived for which performance can be measured in a precise asymptotic probabilistic sense. The approach yields many qualitative insights and the resulting transportation schemes have many attractive practical features. For example, they have modest computational requirements, are decentralized, and are easy to visualize and implement.


Over the past 25 years, global climate and environmental changes have caused an unprecedented rate of vegetation change, as exemplified in the drylands of East Asia. In this study, we investigated the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation in this region and analysed their relationship with climate data. Our results show that vegetation productivity significantly increased from 1982 to 2006. This increasing trend was observed for most of the region, particularly for northwest Mongolia and central Inner Mongolia. Grasslands, croplands, forests, and shrublands, all exhibited this trend. The annual growth rate of the grasslands determined using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was the largest observed change; reaching 0.07% p.a, followed by shrublands (0.06%), croplands (0.03%), and forests (0.02%). In the different geographic regions, the roles of temperature and precipitation on vegetation growth were shown to be different. Temperature was the dominant factor for the observed NDVI increase in northwest Mongolia and the centre of Inner Mongolia. The combined influences of temperature and precipitation changes have resulted in the promotion of vegetation growth, as seen in eastern GanSu. Temperature change is the primary factor for initiating vegetation growth in spring and autumn because warmer temperatures increase the length of the growing season, and are thus evaluated as an increased NDVI value. Increased precipitation has been shown to play a positive role on vegetation growth during summer.


To improve the coupler misalignment performance, this study proposes an LC–CLC compensation topology for high-power and long-distance capacitive power transfer system. The LC circuit in the transmitter and the CLC circuit in the receiver are adopted as the resonant tank for the capacitive coupler. The fundamental harmonics approximation method is employed to analyse the system working principle. Considering the misalignment of coupler, the characteristic of output power is provided against the variation of coupler capacitance. A 1 kW CPT system with 150 mm transfer distance is set up to validate the proposed compensation circuit under various misalignment conditions. The experiment results show that the system can transfer 1009 W output power with 90.56% DC–DC efficiency at 150 mm transfer distance when the coupler is well aligned. When the misalignment is 325 mm, the variation of the output power is only 10.6% in X
-direction and 15.2% in Y
-direction. The proposed system can achieve high anti-misalignment performance.


The behavior of small spherical bubbles immersed in a homogeneous isotropic turbulent carrier flow of a heavier fluid has been experimentally studied. Air bubbles with diameters between 10 and 900 μm were injected in the test section of a horizontal water channel and allowed to interact with the turbulence induced by a grid located at the entrance to the test section. Point measurements of the bubble diameter and convective and rise velocities were taken from light interferometry data, together with flow visualizations that showed the instantaneous concentration field of bubbles in the carrier flow. The effect of the turbulence on the bubbles was found to alter the concentration field of bubbles leading to preferential accumulation at small scales, a phenomenon referred to as clustering, and to a decrease in the rise velocity of bubbles in the flow below the value measured and predicted for bubbles in a stationary fluid. These results are interpreted in terms of the different forces acting on the bubble i...


It is proved that each sufficiently large integer N≡5(mod24) can be written as with , where pj are primes. This result, which is obtained by an iterative method and a hybrid estimate for Dirichlet polynomial, improves the previous results in this direction.


Operates on any power supply voltage from 6 to 28 volts. Miniature thermostate circuit controls electric heating element to maintain constant temperature in oven or other thermal environment.


Primary chemical reactions among the raw materials composing the batch give rise to various transitory intermediate products. Their physical properties influence the character of the glass melting process. The reaction pathway can be controlled by selecting the conditions, e.g. the grainsize composition of raw materials or the heating rate, which will influence the efficacy of the subsequent fining process. The present contribution describes practical technological properties of a couple of principal reaction pathways. A relationship between the practical monitoring of the actual glass melting process and the occurrence of peculiar chemical specimens is also mentioned.


fourth edition of my book, Die peripheren Durchblutungsst6rungen (Peripheral Vascular Disorders), that auscultation of peripheral vessels might be useful.' In the fifth edition (1953), I reported2 that stenotic murmurs over the femoral artery with palpable pulses indicate imminent obliteration. In the following years in Germany it was mainly Holldack and Kuhn3 who systematically studied the sounds over peripheral arteries, while Edwards and Levine4 in England devoted extensive investigations to vascular sounds.


Abstract:The study aimed: (1) to describe the steps of PBL with model materials, (2) to improve mathematics, and (3) to describe the constraints and solutions. It was a collaborative classroom action research (CAR) carried out in three cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects were teachers and 20 students. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and tests. Data analysis included data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: (1) the steps to the application of PBL with model materials to improve mathematics about solid figures to fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Danasri in academic year of 2019/2020 were: (a) examining problem orientation with the model materials, (b) preparing the students to work in groups, (c) having the students to investigate individually or in groups with the help of model materials, (d) having presentation and discussion by using model materials; (e) analyzing and evaluating  problem solving process with the help of model materials; (2) the application of PBL with model materials improved mathematics about solid figures. The average percentages of mastery learning were 85% in the first cycle, 90% in the second cycle, and 95% in the third cycle: (3) obstacles in each meeting were (a) a few students used the model materials as tools while learning process and having group discussions, (b) a few students asked questions. The solutions were: (a) the teacher introduced the model materials, (b) the teacher stimulated the students to ask questions.


My antrum irrigator, shown in the accompanying illustration, on account of its simplicity, has given great satisfaction and proved a time-saver, It was designed by me two years ago and has proved invaluable in clinical work, in which so many cases are seen and treated during a limited period of time. The instrument is a long needle with a special curve, having a handle and tip for attaching rubber tubing. The curve of this instrument has proved to be superior to others that were intended to enter the antrum through the inferior meatus. It is very easy to manipulate, and, as it was intended to enter the maxillary sinus below the inferior turbinate, it is an instrument of safety even in the hands of the inexperienced. To irrigate the maxillary sinus, anesthetize the nasal mucous membrane at the selected point of entry, which is usually about 20 mm. posteriorly to


A 138-kv 10,000-mva air-blast circuit breaker, believed to be the first 2-cycle breaker for transmission-line voltages, was recently developed and field tested. It interrupted both transmission-line and bus faults while mounted on the trailer on which it was shipped. The rating is based on the proposed symmetrical-rating structure


The properties of metamaterials are now being investigated in a number of research centres. Structures such as split-ring resonators (SRR) have been developed to produce negative index materials (NIMs). Liquid crystals absorb over a broad range of wavelengths and have refractive indices which are extremely sensitive to temperature and external electromagnetic fields. Liquid crystals are therefore promising for the dynamic control of permittivity in metamaterials. A thermally controlled metamaterial structure employing a nematic liquid crystal (1801) has been characterised. It has been shown that using such liquid crystals in an anisotropic medium to construct useful materials, tunability of the effective parameters can be achieved. Measurements were performed at around 4.9 GHz.


Copyright © 2021 CEA& INEA. Published online by NepJOL-INASP. www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJE Correspondence: Dr. Kapil Yadav, Room no. 37, Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India. Email: email@example.com Received 27 April 2021/Revised 07 June 2021/Accepted 14 June 2021 Citation: Sharma S, Khandelwal R, Yadav K, Ramaswami G, Vohra K. Effect of cooking food in ironcontaining cookware on increase in blood hemoglobin level and iron content of the food: A systematic review. Nepal J Epidemiol. 2021;11(2):994-1005. DOI: 10.3126/nje.v11i2.36682 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Abstract:


Liquid crystal substrates have been shown to provide the means to develop low-cost, reconfigurable, adaptive and tuneable microwave and MM-wave devices for mobile and wireless communication systems. However, techniques for the characterisation of materials, device fabrication and design are necessary in order to take maximum advantage of the possibilities that these materials offer. This includes appropriate modelling methods to simulate accurately the switching behaviour of the liquid crystal and the characteristics of the wave propagation through the devices, taking full consideration of the point-by-point variation of the material tensor permittivity. We describe these techniques here and show their application in the design of a meander-line phase shifter.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the gap between government bonds (index-linked and long-dated) and real estate yields/capitalization rates over time for the UK, Australia and the USA. The global financial crisis was a sharp shock to real estate markets, and while interest rates and government bond yields fell in response around the world, real estate yields (cap rates) have risen. Design/methodology/approach – The absolute yield gap levels and their variation over time in the different countries are compared and linked to the theoretical reasons for the yield gap and, in particular, a changing real estate risk premium. Within this context, it assesses whether there have been structural breaks in long-term relationships during booms and busts based on autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (ARCH) models. Finally, the paper provides further insights by constructing statistical models of index-linked and long-dated yield gaps. Findings – The relationships between bond and property yie...


Early detection of preterm labor is important to avoid neonatal death and mortality. Uterine electromyography (UEMG) or electrohysterography is a non-invasive method of extracting electrical activity signal from the abdominal part during pregnancy, which helps in early detection. This signal can be used to classify term and preterm labors. Herein, the performances of four classifiers have been evaluated using seven nonlinear features extracted from UEMG signals. They were then compared with four features analyzed from different literature. The results show that with the Elman neural network classifier, the bi-spectrum feature, which has phase information, outperforms other features with 99.8875% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, and 99.77% specificity.


The invention discloses a shock absorption piece. The shock absorption piece comprises a shock-absorption cushion, a cylinder body vertically extending from one side of the shock-absorption cushion and an extension part vertically extending towards the cylinder body along the partial periphery of the shock-absorption cushion. The invention also provides a fan module provided with the shock absorption piece. The shock absorption piece is provided with the extension part which is adhered and is in contact with the periphery of the end wall of the fan, so that the shock-absorption cushion is less in possibility of turning over and deforming.


Traditionally the electric arc is simulated by mean of a simple voltage-current characteristic identical to the one caused by two Zener diodes connected back-to-back. This paper compares the levels of harmonics injected by electric arcs simulated using this simple, idealized characteristic and a more realistic one, based on Mayr's model. It is shown that the more accurate voltage-current representation may yield significantly higher levels of harmonics.


Strong coupling is a prerequisite for nanoassemblies to deliver functions and applications unrealizable by noninteracting building units. DNA-Directed metamaterials, albeit highly programmable, oft...


This paper proposes a visual information hiding technique using coded apertures as a key. In general, a watermark embedded as high-frequency components is difficult to extract if it is captured outside of the focal rength and defocus blur occurs. Installation of a coded aperture (CA) into the camera is a simple solution to mitigate the difficulty and several attempts are conducted to make better design for stable extraction. To the contrary, our motivation is to design a specific CA as well as information hiding scheme, where secret information can be decoded only if an image with hidden information is captured with the key aperture whose characteristic is matched with the information hiding scheme. The proposed technique designs the key aperture patterns and information hiding scheme through evolutionary multi-objective optimization so as to minimize the decryption error of a hidden image when using the key aperture while minimizing the accuracy when using other apertures. Experimental results have shown that the proposed information hiding technique was more secure than a password-based system which uses case-insensitive eight alphanumeric characters.


comment: The work provides a well-constructed template for local paleoceanographic pseudoproxy sensitivity experiments, and so provides a starting point for more quantitative analysis of uncertainty in paleoceanographic studies. Its conceptual simplicity should make it easily accessible to a wide audience. However, the applicability of the algorithm in estimating uncertainties in real-world reconstructions from oceanographic proxies is somewhat limited. In particular, the authors overstate the importance of their algorithm's ability to "[identify and estimate] systematic bias that would not otherwise


....................................................................................................................................v Conference programme.......................................................................................................... vii Financial globalisation, governance and the evolution of the home bias (by Bong-Chan Kho, René Stulz and Francis E Warnock)


The present invention relates to a waste water treatment method, the waste water treatment method comprising: supplying water to the reservoir 2 of the drainage device 1, the steps of collecting the supplied water in the reservoir 2, at least one water Water from the reservoir 2 Izumi the steps of guiding the reservoir 20 to consume the steps of observing the water from the reservoir 20 of the reservoir 2 and / or water consumption portion 18 of the drainage device 1 if Sagare water quality than the allowable level sewer drain pipe 22 and a stage to. The invention further control system 34 for controlling the drainage device 1, drainage device 1 and a control system 34 system to reuse the waste water with a, and in particular relates to water consumption section 18 which is coupled to the system 34, such as toilets.


By using the method of documents,information technology,video analysis and statistics,this article comparatively studies the well known 110m hurdle athlete -Liu Xiang's performances in competition after recovery and in Luosang before his injury,and finds out his advantages and shortages in techniques and abilities after his recovery,so as to provide some references for him to quickly get peakedness and break world records after recovery.


The presence of specific cytokines and the number and distribution of leukocytes were determined in the retinas of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Using immunohistocytochemical techniques, three retinas from patients with AIDS had focal infiltration by T-lymphocytes and macrophages. These specimens stained positively for tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) in cells identified morphologically as macrophages and glial cells and showed prominent reactive gliosis. The retinas from seven other affected patients had minimal leukocytic infiltration and no TNF-a reactivity; gliosis was present in only one. The retinas from clinically normal patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contained no TNF-a-positive cells. Using in situ hybridization for HIV, four of five patients with AIDS had rare positive cells. No interferon-7 was detected in any of the retinal tissues tested. These data suggest a role for TNF-a in the development of AIDS-related retinal disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33:1829-1835,1992


This study intends to analyze the impacts of passing lanes and suggest a method to increase the efficiency of express buses, so called Metropolitan Buses (M-bus), in Korea. To solve this question, field data and traffic card data were collected during a five-day period. This research found that the arrival distribution of M-buses at BRT stops follows negative binomial distribution rather than poisson distribution. Also, delays in M-buses dramatically decreased with the establishment of passing lanes at BRT bus stops. Furthermore, the longer the established passing lanes are, the greater the effect of reduction. However, no marginal reductions in delays were noticed once the passing lanes exceed 75 meters in length. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proper length of passing lanes should range from 60 meters to 75 meters.


We have used polarization modulated infrared reflectance absorbance spectroscopy (IRRAS) to study the interactions between coadsorbed CO and H2O on Pt(111) surfaces at 150 K. Two types of behavior are observed, depending on CO coverage. For CO coverages greater than θ≊1/2, the vibrational band for linear CO species shifts from 2100 cm−1 for an H2O‐free surface to 2095 cm−1 for H2O exposures up to 15 L. For larger H2O exposures a second, broader band appears at around 2080 cm−1. These results indicate that H2O adsorbs in clusters on top of a saturated CO adlayer, without strongly perturbing the CO molecules underneath. In contrast, for CO coverages less than θ≊1/4, adsorption of H2O at 150 K results in the disappearance of the linear CO vibrational band, with its subsequent reappearance upon desorbing the H2O layer. This indicates that for low CO coverages, coadsorbed H2O can displace CO out of its preferred linear coordination mode.


The leader-follower formation control analysis for multiple quad-rotor systems is investigated in this paper. To achieve predefined formation in the three-dimensional air space ($x,y$ and $z$), a novel local tracking control law and a distributed observer are obtained. The local tracking control law starts with finding a bounded continuous yet greater-than-zero control in $z$, based on which following a feedback linearization controls derived for errors associated with $x$ and $y$. The distributed observer achieves position coordination among followers, though there are only partial followers can know the leader's states and only neighboring communication is available. Simulation results validate the proposed formation scheme.


The authors present the analysis of the family and marriage relations system formed in Russia during the period between the XXth the beginning of the XXIst century, study the process of the historical transformation of family as a social institution in social-historical aspect: peasant family, then family social unit modern democratic family, and pay special attention to the factors that conditioned the change of priorities in family and marriage relations by the example of the Tatar family.


Since 2003 understandings of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) appear to have been strongly influenced by the UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention (WICHC) (Munjeri, 2004). While it might be acknowledged that this Convention explored the notion of ICH providing a working definition, it seems to have "normalised" the understanding of ICH. In other words, this Convention is, arguably, the main body of knowledge and point of reference for the study, understanding, and management of ICH. Drawing on insights from the Foucauldian dyad power/knowledge (Foucault, 1980), it is suggested that the 2003 WICHC has contributed to the creation of an object of knowledge that, in turn, has established a binary opposition between tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Exploring this binary opposition can provide insights on the power relations behind this "consolidating order" (Butler, 2004), as well as an understanding of how ICH is interpreted and represented. Furthermore, given the ontological nature of representation and the discursive construction of space, the analysis will also acknowledge how a discourse of ICH shapes spaces for tourism (Inglis & Holmes, 2003). Tangible and intangible cultural heritage and the way they are represented are of central importance in tourism, where they are used as unique selling propositions through the exploitation of their distinctiveness. Understanding the power/knowledge relations behind processes of representation is critical because it will have an impact on the image of the destination that will, in turn, circulate and reinforce a specific discourse of the destination and its inhabitants. Research in this regard will fill a gap in literature where more attention to Foucault's notion of power in tourism is advocated (Ong, Ryan, & McIntosh, 2014). Against a universalizing definition, countries that are in the process of ratifying the 2003 UNESCO WICHC are called to interface with their own representations of ICH. Thus, a critical examination of the process of ratification of this Convention is a useful way to interrogate ICH discourses. The purpose of this work is to highlight, through a Foucauldian inspired discourse analysis, the mechanisms used to talk about, and to represent, intangible cultural heritage in two exemplar countries: Sardinia (Italy) and Scotland (UK). The notion of World Intangible CH is used in the context of this study as one that transcends the national boundaries where both Italy and the United Kingdom play a role: Italy has ratified the 2003 WICHC, and Sardinia is the region with the majority of listed WICH expressions. The United Kingdom has not yet ratified the Convention, but Scotland aims to do so, and several initiatives have been conducted in this regard. Taking this into account, the aim of this study is to examine two key institutional documents related to ICH in both countries in order to understand the underlying mechanisms through which a notion of intangible cultural heritage is constructed in the two regions, and also what narratives about intangible cultural heritage are normalized and represented as 'truth' and what narratives are excluded and deemed to be unthinkable about ICH in Sardinia and Scotland. References: Butler, J. (2004). Undoing gender. Psychology Press. 1 Melis et al.: Interrogating Discourses of Intangible Cultural Heritage Published by Digital Commons @ TRU Library, 2017 Foucault, M. (1980). Power/Knowledge: Selected writings and other interviews, 1972–1977. Pantheon, New York. Inglis, D., & Holmes, M. (2003). Highland and other haunts: Ghosts in Scottish tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(1), 50–63. Munjeri, D. (2004). Tangible and intangible heritage: From difference to convergence. Museum International, 56(1–2), 12–20. Ong, C.E., Ryan, C., & McIntosh, A. (2014). Power-knowledge and tour-guide training: Capitalistic domination, utopian visions, and the creation and negotiation of UNESCO's Homo Turismos in Macao. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 221–222 2 Critical Tourism Studies Proceedings, Vol. 2017 [2017], Art. 56 https://digitalcommons.library.tru.ca/cts-proceedings/vol2017/iss1/56


The degradation of tetrachlorothene (PCE) and hexachloroethane (HCA) using Fe(II) and Fe(II)–citrate at different H2O2 concentrations was studied to clarify the role of oxidation and reduction pathways in Fenton chemistry. The interactions between oxidative and reductive radicals, and the cyclic nature of the Fe(II)–Fe(III) ions make for a complex system that displays a suppression or enhancement of PCE


250 infants, 25 boys and 25 girls each in the 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, and 30-mo. age groups, were individually observed with a mechanical toy dog which barked and moved realistically, a contact-comfort mechanical cat which purred and meowed when hugged and petted, and the family dog(s) and/or cat(s), presented in random order. An investigator-generated checklist of proximity-seeking and contact-promoting behaviors was used to record subject responses demonstrating whether the infants attached to pets because of tactual qualities, sounds, movement, familiarity, and/or behavioral qualities. It was hypothesized that as babies age, their responses to the live pet and toy animals would become progressively dissimilar and that older infants would show significantly more attachment behaviors and would spend significantly more time observing and interacting with live pets than with toy animals. Data support the hypotheses and indicate significant differences in the quantity of attachment behaviors toward live pets and toy animals at one year. From one year on, dogs are significantly preferred to cats by both sexes. During the first year, boys show significantly more attachment behaviors than girls; the two sexes are equal at 18 mo., and girls show significantly mote attachment behaviors than boys at 24 and 30 mo.


Regional Agrochemical Station in Lublin, Sławinkows ka 5, 20-810 Lublin, Poland Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemis try, University of Life Sciences Akademicka 15, 20-033 Lublin, Poland Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biolog y and Biochemistry Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 2 0-033 Lublin, Poland Institute of Agrophysics PAS, Do świadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com