Shale gas is mainly comprised of the adsorbed and free gas which accumulated in black organic-rich and extremely low-permeability shales.Shale gas reservoirs have the characteristics of autochthonous generation,continuous charging and accumulation.China have superior geological conditions for shale gas accumulation,favorable shale gas resource prospects and development potentials.Compared with the North America,formation and development of.China's shale gas have obvious particularity and many geological and development problems need to be solved urgently In general,the gas-bearing shale layers in China possess high TOC,high thermal maturity and a high degree of later reformation.The "sweet spot" in shale gas exploration and development is a section of high quality and core reservoir area,which determines the shale gas reservoir evaluation as the key to find out " sweet spot" in organic-rich shales.Geophysical well logging is one of the significant methods for identification and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs,which is throughout the process of shale gas exploration and development.Shale gas exploration,development and reservoir evaluation in China is at a initial stage.In order to use geophysical well logging effectively and efficiently to evaluate shale gas reservoirs in China and with a combination of literature,geological and well log data,this paper firstly introduces commonly used well logging series in different type of wells in shale gas exploration and development.And the logging response of shale gas reservoir is compared and analysed.Secondly,the main well logging methods and parameters' calculation of shale gas reservoir evaluation are introduced from the aspects of mineral composition,geochemical parameter,physical parameter,gas content and fracability.In particular,the emphases of shale gas reservoir evaluation are mineral composition,geochemical parameter,gas content and fracability,which determines whether a shale has potentials for further development.Besides,the equations of calculating TOC and brittleness index are improved by a combination of methods and actual data.Lastly,this paper puts forward several main problems,trends,understandings and suggestions about the geophysical well logging evaluation of shale gas reservoir in China.


This article analyzes a range of art and performance pieces that unearth and problematize the racist cultural underpinnings of surveillance. Drawing upon recent black studies scholarship, I probe the ways that contemporary creative works disrupt dominant signifying regimes that would position racialized surveillance/violence couplings as historical and exceptional rather than as foundational and routine. I argue that such aesthetic disruptions achieve creative vitality by holding in tension exclusionary regimes of white liberal personhood, on one hand, and articulations of hope that depart from those regimes, on the other. Whereas the gaze of surveillance seeks to silence and arrest subjects, creative expression can undermine authorized forms of visuality by focusing on survival and community that persist in spite of it.


A clinical finding about one or more characteristics of lip and oral cavity cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system. The assessment of the primary tumor is based on inspection and palpation of the oral cavity and neck. Additional studies may include CT, MRI, or ultrasound. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


We study theories of 4D, N=1 supersymmetric massless, arbitrary higher half odd-integer superspins. A new series of such theories is found to exist for arbitrary superspin Y (Y=s+1/2 for any integer s). The lowest member (s=1) of the series is the original off-shell formulation of 4D, N=1 supergravity first presented by Breitenlohner in 1977.


In this paper, an environmental compliance controller is proposed incorporating positional data from the NAO's major joint sets to compensate against the effects of gravity. This allows the robot to respond to external input forces on its joints and to hold its position against gravity once the user releases its supporting force. In doing so, the compliance controller makes it much easier to manipulate the NAO and provide precise demonstrations, making the teaching process much more feasible for a single user, as they are no longer required to have external assistance in holding the robot's position at any given time during the teaching sequence. An interactive behavior is implemented utilizing the compliance controller to teach the NAO robot new keyframes. The most immediate application of this feature is to more easily design advanced soccer kicking motions, but the applications of this controller can be extended to a wide variety of technical demonstrations.


OF THE THESIS Statistical Analysis of Short-time Option Prices Based on a Lévy Model by Wang, Weiliang Master of Arts in Mathematics, Washington University in St. Louis, 2018. Professor José E. Figueroa-López, Research Advisor The Black-Scholes model has been widely used to find the prices of option, while several generalizations have been made due to its limitation. In this thesis, we consider one of the generalizations—the exponential Lévy model with a mixture of CGMY process and Brownian motion. We state the main results of the first-, secondand third-order expansions for close-to-the-money call option prices under this model. Using importance sampling based on Monte Carlo method, a dataset of call option prices can be simulated. Comparing the simulated true prices with the three different order approximations, we find that the higher-order approximation is more accurate than the lower-order in most cases, which can be used for calibrating the parameters in the model. In order to verify these results, we use call option prices obtained from the Standard & Poor's 500 index options. The third-order approximation of this real dataset is not as accurate as before.


This paper is aiming to use the fuzzy logic approach in analyzing a web-site marketing decisions. In the last years fuzzy mathematics and fuzzy logic changed the perspectives in many business related areas such as management, market research or customer segmentation. I am using these new findings to enhance the understanding of customer environment and to provide a solution to optimize the way a web-site is present in www-market. Accessing information about site visitors is instant, therefore, a marketer has the possibility to use these informations so that he can provide the best user experience before any page is displayed. A fuzzy logic model is considered and an example brings forward the benefits of fuzzy reasoning. The fuzzy model proves to be a faster, more intuitive and flexible tool to understand and respond to customer behavior. Key-Word: fuzzy logic, marketing, retention, site optimization, fuzzification, fuzzy inference, defuzzification


Introduction: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological problems after myocardial infarction. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of simultaneous aromatherapy and Quran recitation on anxiety levels of patients with myocardial infarction hospitalized in CCU in Kashan Shahid Beheshti hospital in 2013. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with myocardial infarction having been randomly divided into two experimental group (35 participants) and control group (35 participants). Experimental group participants simultaneously received lavender aroma and Quran recitation four times each day for two days. Control group participants received no intervention. The participants' anxiety level was measured at the beginning ad at the end of each intervention cycle. The data were collected by Spielberger anxiety questionnaire and were then analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 16) and through using chi-square test, independent t-test, repeated measurements and analysis of covariance. Results: There was no meaningful difference in the anxiety mean score of experimental group (43.74  13.34) and control group (41.31  12.89) at the beginning of the study. There was a statistical meaningful difference regarding the anxiety rate after intervention in every four cycle (first cycle: experimental 33.23  8.91, control 40.89  13.21, second cycle: experimental 30.84  8.42, control 40,63  13,56, third cycle: experimental 29.32  7.45, control 39.51  13.96 and forth cycle: experimental 27.45  7.47, control 38.77  13.95) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Simultaneous aromatherapy and Quran recitation reduces the anxiety level of patients suffering from myocardial infarction; hence, it


This review will attempt to put the role of nitrates and the controversy of tolerance and attenuation into clinical perspective. In so doing, some relevant new concepts regarding the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia and pharmacokinetics of nitrates are discussed


We report on the generation of 7 mJ, 115 fs pulses at 2.4 μm and 1 kHz repetition rate from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier, which is very promising for applications in strong-field and attosecond physics.


Recently reverine trees in the course of gravel bed-river have extremely increased and enlarged their covered-area over bars and flood plain. Such a situation brings about problems of river management for the environmental aspects as well as the safety of rivers against flood. In order to clarify such problems, we should get the knowledge about how the instream vegetation grow up and expand their covered zones in gravel-bed river. In this study, the field surveys were carried out in the upstream reach of the river Watarase which has the averaged bed slope of about 1/150 and has the characteristics of the segment-1 reach. The surveys suggest that the groves of Robinia pseudo-acacia expanded over bars and flood plains with the surface layer of the fine sand. This layer is formed-by the deposition of fine sand(0.5mm-1.0mm) and its resources might originate from bed materials in the main channel. It is significant factor for the growth of Robinia pseudo-acacia and the formation of trees expanded area. The results also propose a scenario of the formation of the reverine trees expansion in gravel-bed river.


In pattern recognition and image processing, the major application areas of cluster analysis, human eyes seem to possess a singular aptitude to group objects and find the important structures in an efficient and effective way. The process of data clustering in general is very similar to form perception of the human eyes. Thus an efficient clustering algorithm should depend not only on the principle of physical system by which the data are generated but also on the manner in which human perceives structures. A clustering algorithm mimicking our visual system can thus solve some basic problems in cluster analysis. From this point of view, we propose a new approach to data clustering based on scale space theory which models the blurring effect of lateral retinal interconnections. In the proposed approach, a data set is considered as an image with each light point located at the datum position. As we blur this image, smaller light blobs (clusters) merge into larger ones until the whole image becomes one light blob at a low enough level of resolution. Identifying each blob with a cluster, the blurring process generates a family of clusterings along the hierarchy. By introducing a significance hypothesis on the neural networks, we can relate Weber's Law in psychophysics to the validity of clusters, and this allows us to select an effective clustering from many alternatives. The advantages of the proposed approach are: (1) It identifies natural clusters and enhances accuracy of classification in practice. (2) The derived algorithms are computationally stable and insensitive to initialization, and they are totally free from solving the difficult global optimization problems. (3) It facilitates the construction of novel checks on cluster validity and provides the final clustering a significant degree of robustness to noise in data and change in scale. (4) It can detect outliers which are not normal clusters in a data set. (5) The clustering is highly consistent with the perception of human eyes. (6) The new approach provides an example of unifying the different level of models and theories to solve practical problems. The proposed algorithms can be applied to a large variety of clustering problems ranging from the classification of remotely sensed images to pattern detection in very large spatial and aspatial data sets.


This paper presents a design methodology for the cancellation of unstable zeros in linear discrete time systems with tracking control objectives. Unstable zeros are defined to be those zeros of the rational transfer function that occur outside the unit circle. Unstable zeros cannot be canceled by feedback without compromizing stability. In light of the fact, a feedforward scheme is used. Future desired trajectory information is required because the feedforward scheme is noncausal. The amount of future desired trajectory information that is required depends upon the zero locations and design specifications. It is shown that for a known plant with no zeros on the unit circle one can obtain a frequency response arbitrarily close to 1


The article is devoted to the peculiarities of solving problems of applied photometry based on the spectroradiometric approach using modern matrix spectrometers. The spectral distribution of the characteristics of the radiation source is an objective physical basis for determining its light and colour parameters. In this case, the photometric characteristics of lighting devices and lighting systems are calculated on the basis of tabulated spectral light efficiencies and ordinates of CIE colour-matching functions. The main reason for the shift in emphasis towards spectral measurements is due to revolutionary introduction into the system of internal and external lighting and signalling LED sources of light with an emission spectrum that is different from the traditional natural and artificial continuous light sources spectra. Integral methods for measuring the light and colour characteristics of semiconductor light sources require the highest quality correction of photometric channels (heads) for spectral efficiencies and colour -matching curves or taking into account a correction factor, which in turn is impossible without measuring the relative spectral characteristics of emitters and receivers.
The article is a brief overview of the requirements for the CCD-array spectrometers for use in spectroradiometry and photometry.


The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computation. Verification and validation of NISQ algorithms is an important task. We consider the exactly-diagonalizable Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model as a candidate for benchmarking. We use the Bethe ansatz to construct eigenstates of the trigonometric LMG model using quantum circuits inspired by the LMG's underlying algebraic structure. We construct circuits with depth O(N) and O(log2N) that can prepare any trigonometric LMG eigenstate of N particles. The number of gates required for both circuits is O(N).


Using a new Admittance-based model for electrical noise able to handle Fluctuations and Dissipations of electrical energy, we explain the phase noise of oscillators that use feedback around L-C resonators. We show that Fluctuations produce the Line Broadening of their output spectrum around its mean frequency f0 and that the Pedestal of phase noise far from f0 comes from Dissipations modified by the feedback electronics. The charge noise power 4FkT/R C 2 /s that disturbs the otherwise periodic fluctuation of charge these oscillators aim to sustain in their L-C-R resonator, is what creates their phase noise proportional to Leeson's noise figure F and to the charge noise power 4kT/R C 2 /s of their ca


The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the NASA Earth Observing System satellites Terra and Aqua include infrared bands that are designed for the accurate measurement of sea-surface temperature (SST). In addition to the conventional 'split-window' bands in the 10-12 /spl mu/m atmospheric window (similar in spectral properties to the corresponding channels of the heritage instrument, the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)) the MODIS also has three bands in the 3.5 to 4.2 /spl mu/m interval for SST measurement. We present a validation of the MODIS SSTs, derived from the conventional measurements at the 10-12 /spl mu/m window, by comparison with radiometrically-derived skin temperatures from ships, and with bulk measurements from buoys. These show the MODIS SSTs are comparable in accuracy to the AVHRR Pathfinder SST fields.


Cryptographic algorithms have already become a basic technique used in many application areas, like confidentiality and content protection. However, the big question of key management still remains unanswered. As a part of it, to efficiently use public key cryptography, we require a good local storage system to guarantee the confidentiality and availability of keys and certificates. In this paper, we take a look at local key and certificate storage in JDK 1.3. We discuss the requirements for such systems, evaluate the standard JDK solution, KeyStore, and finally propose an improved solution that does not suffer from the many shortcomings of KeyStore.


The present invention relates to a motor vehicle 1 having at least a first drive motor, which is designed as internal combustion engine 110, wherein the internal combustion engine 110 having a plurality of variable manipulated variables, at least one first sensor means 210a, 210b, 210c which is provided for at least one vehicle and / or environment and / or to detect environmental condition parameters and provide these data representing the value of at least one actuator 220, which is intended to change at least one of the variable manipulated variables of the internal combustion engine 110, wenigstes a control device 200 which is adapted to the data values of the first sensor means 210a, 210b, 210c, and to process a signal to the actuating device 220 to be transmitted, wherein the control means 200 is provided for the at least one ambient provided vehicle and / or and / or environmental to receive condition parameters and to process to determine a state model in consideration of these state parameters to calculate a vehicle behavior prediction by reference to this state model, to create by reference to this vehicle behavior prediction emission prognosis to evaluate the emission estimate based on predetermined criteria and based on the emission forecasting a control value or rate derive for driving the adjusting device 220th Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for predictive control of a motor vehicle 1 concerned.


An improved linear ultrasonic motor based on the bending modal was proposed.Two vertical third-order bending vibration of the Langevin vibrators were used.It formed the elliptical track of the driving tip and drove the mover.The ultrasonic amplitude transformer structure was used to amplify the amplitude of the driving tip.The finite-element method was used to design the structure of the stator.The experiment results indicated that at the voltage of 200 V the no-load maximum speed was 113 mm/s and the maximum output force was 10 N.


Coffee cooperatives from the Huatusco region in Mexico have played an important role in helping coffee farmers in this region maintain economic viability in the midst of Mexico's economic crisis and the international crisis of the coffee sector over time. While these types of organizations have played an important role, not all of these organizations have survived over time. Using information from interviews with leaders of five longeval coffee producer cooperatives in the Huatusco coffee region, this study tries to identify factors that could explain the longevity and long-term sustainability of these organizations. Additionally, using information from these interviews, we evaluate challenges that could put at risk the long-term sustainability of these associations and strategies to overcome these challenges from the cooperative's leadership perspective. Findings from this study suggest the motivations behind the creation of these producer associations that goes beyond accessing government resources, an institutional structure where there is a democratic process behind the election of leaders, leadership positions have a definite term, and association strategies to increase member engagement could explain the longevity of these organization. Regarding challenges the cooperatives would be facing in the future, the aging population of growers is perceived by cooperative leaders as one of the major challenges they will be facing in the future. Increasing youth involvement in the cooperatives through training and educational activities was perceived by cooperative leaders as a strategy to overcome this challenge.


We report Acetamidinium (AA) substituted methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells. AA has a restricted C─N bond rotation, due to delocalized π-electron cloud over N─C─N bond and presence of an additional N─H--I bond (4H-bond in AA as compared to 3H-bond in MA). These bonding structures strengthen the electrostatic interaction and stabilizes the acetamidinium cation inside the perovskite matrix. AA, a larger cation, is substitutional only up to 10%. Devices made with 10% AA-substituted films show average Voc of 1.12 V, higher than the average Voc of 1.04 V in case of MAPbI3. This increase in Voc can be attributed to increase in carrier lifetime from 20 µs in case of MAPbI3 to 32 µs for 10% AA substituted films respectively. Devices with 18.29% champion and 16.3% average efficiency were fabricated for films with 10% AA. Degradation experiments confirm that the material stability also makes devices more stable; under ambient exposure (72±3% RH) devices with 10% AA retain 70% of their initial power conversion efficiencies (PCE) upto 480 h. Under same conditions, the PCE's of reference MAPbI3 devices reduced to 43% of their initial value in 480 h.


Emulsion-templated porous materials have gained extensively in applications due to their low density and high porosity. However, by far most this type porous polymers are synthesized using conventional radical polymerization and most of the reactions are thermally initiated. Expanding the polymerization mechanisms available for emulsion-templated polymers synthesis is still highly desired. In this work, Diel-Alder (DA) reaction was used to synthesize emulsion-templated macroporous polycaprolactone (PCL). These macroporous polymers were prepared by DA reaction of polycaprolactone pendant with multiple furan group (PCL-furan) and 1,6-bis(maleimide)hexane (BisM) via a high internal 1 phase emulsion as template. The porous materials have a typical structure of emulsion-templated 2 materials.


Incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering (IQNS) has been used to investigate the dynamic properties of cyclohexane guest molecules within the tunnel/cage host structure in the cyclohexane/thiourea inclusion compound. These investigations have been carried out on samples containing perdeuterated thiourea to ensure that the incoherent scattering arises from the cyclohexane molecules. IQNS spectra have been recorded for two experimental geometries of semi-oriented polycrystalline samples (with the tunnel axes of all crystals either parallel or perpendicular to the neutron momentum transfer vector), allowing components of the motion parallel to the tunnel axis to be investigated separately from components of the motion perpendicular to the tunnel axis. In the high-temperature phase (above 149 K; phase I), the dynamics of the cyclohexane molecules can be described as 120° jumps of the molecule about the molecular 3-fold symmetry axis, combined with 120° jumps of this axis about the tunnel axis of the thioure...


In the CAP reform 2014–2020, the 'green' component of direct payments remunerates environmental services and includes three greening requirements: crop diversification, maintenance of permanent grassland and establishment of an ecological focus area (EFA). This paper evaluates the effect of 'greening' and payment redistribution on farm incomes and land use, considering two different hypotheses of the EFA weighting factor (Ewf) for nitrogen-fixing crops. The evaluation is developed at farm level by a positive mathematical programming (PMP) model and applied to more than 2,000 farms in northern Italy. The results show that crop diversification will mainly affect the cereal area, with significant reductions in maize and wheat, while the EFA requirement, especially with the lower Ewf, will boost the spread of protein crops. Nevertheless, 'greening' does not significantly affect farm income, while greater economic effects are mainly due to the redistribution of direct payments.


Western Australian company Orthocell is one of the pioneer companies in biological therapies to repair and regenerate damaged tendons and ligaments. The company developed autologous tenocyte therapy, which harvests some of the patient's healthy tissue and then regenerates the damaged tendons and ligaments.


Due to the point cloud's irregular and unordered geometry structure, conventional knowledge distillation technology lost a lot of information when directly used on point cloud tasks. In this paper, we propose Feature Adversarial Distillation (FAD) method, a generic adversarial loss function in point cloud distillation, to reduce loss during knowledge transfer. In the feature extraction stage, the features extracted by the teacher are used as the discriminator, and the students continuously generate new features in the training stage. The feature of the student is obtained by attacking the feedback from the teacher and getting a score to judge whether the student has learned the knowledge well or not. In experiments on standard point cloud classification on ModelNet40 and ScanObjectNN datasets, our method reduced the information loss of knowledge transfer in distillation in 40x model compression while maintaining competitive performance.


Structural and dielectric properties of polymeric composites on the basis of polyethylene and a titanate of barium are investigated. It is shown that the studied system can be considered as the composite including electrically isolated spherical particles of filler in a polymeric matrix. Emergence of a maximum of dielectric permeability and loss factor is connected with strengthening of interaction between polar groups of a polymeric matrix and the polarized particles of ferroelectric ceramic BaTiO3.


The strategic fit paradigm, originally derived from observations in market-based economies, asserts that an appropriate match between environment and strategy has significant and positive implications for business performance. Based on a random sample of Chinese electronics firms, this study systematically examines the applicability of the strategic fit paradigm in China's centrally planned economy in transition. Results indicate that while environment-strategy coalignment is evident, coalignment only improves performance under certain environmental conditions.


The anti-stall effects in two diffusers, a vaned diffuser with fixed small vanes and a low-solidity cascade diffuser, were compared in a centrifugal compressor with suction damper. These diffusers had the same outer diameter. The surge limit flow rate did not differ, however, the stability differed. To clarify the difference of stability, pressure measurement and numerical simulation were carried out. In the vaned diffuser, the flow guided by the small vane pushed back the flow from down stream of throat. This mechanism suggests instability near surge point. In the low-solidity cascade diffuser, there observed no backflow on the whole suction surface. This suggests the more stable character.


Purpose Optic disc pit(ODP) is a rare congenital optic disc abnormality characterized by a localized grayish‐white depression usually in the center or inferotemporal part of the optic nerve head. It is generally unilateral (85‐90%) and its prevalence is estimated to be 1 in 11,000. Unless the ODP develops maculopathy, patients remain asymptomatic. Serous macular detachment may occur in up to 50% of cases, leading to significant decrease in visual acuity. Although the pathogenesis of ODP maculopathy is unclear, various theories about its onset have implicated fluid entry either from the vitreous cavity or from leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the peripapillary subarachnoid space. The aim of this study was to evaluate the source of subretinal fluid under the macula in a patient with ODP


The higher education of ancient China started in the dynasties of Xia,Shang and Zhou while modern Chinese higher education originated in the Westernization Movement period.Since the founding of the PRC,modern higher education in China has witnessed 50 years of development,churning out millions of advanced professional talents especially after China's inception of the Reform and Opening-up policy.From the 1990s and on,higher education in China has been developing steadily,prominently marked by such features: the enrollment scale of universities has been continuously expanded and the gross attendance rate for higher education has been notably increasing.Since 1999,higher education in China has reached its golden age of development,evolving from "elite education" into "popular education".


The Lead-Rubber-Bearing is a type of isolation device in entirety. Its design parameter is complicated. when it is used in bridges, it always need plenty of time to design. It is not beneficial to its application and dissemination. The design formula now available are lack of relevance,can not provide a clear and distinct computation measure. This paper explains in a systematic way the formula and reasonable value range of the design parameter. These parameters include the diameter and height of lead pin, effective design deflection, the equivalent linear model, shear strain of rubber bearing shear stress of the lead,initial rigidity and second rigidity and so on. At last this paper induces computing method of equivalent rigidity and equivalent damping constant and gives some examples。This paper gives scientific basis for the concrete design and makes the bearing standard and serial to lay a foundation for its application.


DOI: 10.4103/aip.aip_51_18 How to cite this article: Harshe D. Brain teasers: Psychiatry and allied sciences quiz. Ann Indian Psychiatry 2018;2:163-4. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non‐commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.


Our study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with zinc and polyphenol compounds, i.e. resveratrol and genistein, on the effectiveness of changes in the content of select elements (Zn, Mg, Fe, Ca, and P) in hair of rats with chemically (DMBA (7,12-dimethyl-1,2- benz[a]anthracene) induced mammary cancer. Regardless of the diet (standard; Zn; Zn+genistein) there occurred an increase in Fe and Zn content as well as a decrease in Ca, Mg, and P content in the hair of rats with mammary cancer in comparison with the content of those elements in healthy animals. Only in the group of rats supplemented with Zn and resveratrol were no changes in hair observed as compared with the control group, fed the same diet but without DMBA supplementation. The process of neoplasia in mammary tissue caused a number of changes in the concentrations of elements in hair. Certain dietary factors seem to have a significant effect on the distribution of elements in hair, but the reason for this phenomenon remains unknown.


Opposition, Members a~d their Be· haviour, Pressure Groups, etc. The book mainly deals with the period between 1952 and 1970. Many striking changes have taken place in the functioning of the parliamentary system and the role of opposition during the last S years which will make the subject a fascinating study. The relationship of mutuality and understanding between Government and the Opposition and the constructive approach and attitude that the Opposition adopts not only to the issues of the moment but also to the long-term policy matters will go a long way in strengthening the functions of parliamentary democracy in the country. It is in this area that the academic world by its constructive and dispassionate research can contribute a good deal. Probably, the author himself may like to undertake another study as an ex, tension of his basic theme. The book has a selected bibliography and a useful index. Reasonably priced and neatly printed, it will undoubtedly be of interest and use to the students of the Political Science, public administration and even the serving and prespective members of the Parliament and State legislatures.


The invention discloses a multiple laser plane accurate regulating device which comprises a fixed plate, a regulating plate and a laser clamping part. The fixed plate is movably connected with the regulating plate. The laser clamping part is arranged at one side of the regulating plate, which faces to the fixed plate. A plurality of lasers are fixedly arranged on the laser clamping part. A plurality of regulating rotating screws are arranged on the regulating plate. The multiple laser plane accurate regulating device has the advantages that high regulating accuracy and wide regulating range are achieved; the multiple laser plane accurate regulating device is rapidly arranged on a touch surface by modes of clamping, adhering and the like, so that operability is improved; and the multiple laser plane accurate regulating device is very simple and convenient to install, disassemble and regulate and has low actual time consumption.


The Natural History of Lakes provides a fully illustrated and clearly written introduction to the fascinating world of lakes, which are shown to be not only the beautiful scenic attractions that we know, but also thriving natural communities. Despite their distinct shorelines, lakes and their many subtle variations have profound effects on the immense variety of wildlife they support. The Natural History of Lakes explains these relationships and describes the formation of lakes and their dramatic seasonal patterns, the properties of lake water, and the plants and animals that lakes support. The remarkable variety of the world's lakes is then described, from the frozen lakes of Antarctica, to dramatic high-altitude lakes such as Titicaca. Having provided a picture of lakes as dynamic but delicate habitats, the authors finally discuss the crucial questions of conservation. This attractive book is richly illustrated with photographs, drawings and diagrams. The authors' extensive travels and research give a unique combination of clear detail and broad coverage. It will appeal to anyone interested in natural history, to anglers, ornithologists and conservationists, as well as to the traveller, the tourist and the student.


This paper describes an automatic speech recognition technique for capturing the non-functional requirements spoken by stakeholders at open meetings and interviews during the requirements elicitation process. As statements related to system qualities such as security, performance, and portability are often scattered throughout statements of functional need, the ability to "listen in" on a conversation and correctly capture these statements into a single view is very helpful. The approach is intended to enhance and not replace existing elicitation methods in which stakeholders are more directly asked to describe their needs. Training a speech detection tool to recognize individual users is time consuming while speech detection for un-enrolled users is notoriously difficult. Our approach uses a context-free grammar to boost recognition accuracy, segment the stakeholders' utterances and finally to classify the recognized statements by quality type. This paper describes the preliminary results from experiments with different subjects and then discusses methods for optimizing the recognition and capture of non-functional requirements and contextual domain terms.


Objectives. To investigate patients' perception regarding medical students' role in the operating theatre. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected sample at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Results. 131 participated in this study. 77 of the participants were females and 50 participants were males. 46.4% think that it was important for the future doctors to be in theater during surgery. 60.2% thought that medical students only observed surgeons in the theatre and 39% thought that medical students performed minor procedures in the theatre. Conclusion. Patients underestimated the importance of medical students' attendance and involvement in theatre compared to bedside teaching and outpatient clinics. Patients believed that medical students should obtain their consent prior to observing them in the theatre.


An experimental study examined effects of knowledge map-based learning, a form of computer assisted instruction (CAI), on assisting novice users in acquiring software knowledge and skills. Fifty five subjects participated in this experimental study. Two classes of students in a webpage development course were randomly chosen to receive different treatments. Twenty four students received the knowledge map-based training, while thirty one students received the traditional face-to-face training. Target software acquired by students in this study is ASP.NET. This study focuses on the data-access component ADO.NET (ActiveX Data Objects) of this target software. ADO.NET is a database access component and allows users to interact with database systems from browsers. A pre-test and post-test was administered to assess the effect of knowledge map-based learning on learning outcomes, with the traditional F2F training group as a controllable group. Results showed that students who receive the knowledge map-based training slightly outperformed those students who receive the traditional face-to-face training. Statistical evidences show that both training approaches are effective to help students acquire object-oriented software, such as ADO.NET, based on the mean scores of pre- and post-tests. Recommendations were made to instructor and practitioners to improve the efficacy of knowledge map-based training.


This study was aimed to verify if chicks from eggs injected with ascorbic acid and subjected to thermal stress would have higher immunity than chicks from incubation at thermoneutrality without injection of ascorbic acid. The parameters evaluated were temperature on oxygen saturation in hemoglobin, glucose, number of erythrocytes, hematocrit rate and number of hemoglobins of newly hatched male chicks, hatched from eggs injected with ascorbic acid (AA) and subjected to thermal stress during incubation. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial scheme 5 (application levels of ascorbic acid) x 2 (incubation temperatures). The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the General Linear Model procedure (GLM) of SAS ®. For the parameters (number of erythrocytes, rate of hematrocit and values of hemoglobin), there was significant interaction (p <0.05) between treatments in egg and incubation temperatures. Analyzing the interactions for these parameters, it was observed that the application of 0% ascorbic acid in egg minimized the effect of heat stress when compared with treatment without injection. The application of ascorbic acid levels in eggs incubated under heat stress failed to maximize the immunity of newly hatched chicks. It is assumed that the increased liquid in the amniotic fluid, in those embryos injected with water, favored the lower heat conductance for these embryos, thus helping in their development in relation to immunity. Considering that hemoglobin is related to the transport of gases, these data suggest that increasing the concentration of AA solution inoculated may influence the respiratory rates of eggs.


The aim of this study was the comparison between the mitoses of oogonia and the initial stages of oocyte meiosis. The structural alterations that the germ cell chromatin undergoes during the oogonial mitosis have been compared with those occurring during the G1‐ and S‐phase just before meiosis. Using plastic embedded 1‐μm sections of fetal rat ovaries (embryonic days = ED 14–20) labeled with 3H‐thymidine and re‐embedded for electron microscopy, a study of the structural conditions of the nuclear chromatin has been combined with a kinetic analysis of the oogonial cell cycle and the transitional period into the meiotic prophase. After ovarian differentiation (ED 14) the oogonia show a non‐clonal, but strong proliferation. On ED 16, proliferation changes to a clonal pattern and decreases during ED 17. A final increase in 3H‐thymidine incorporation on ED 18 characterizes the meiotic S‐phase. On ED 19 the nuclear labeling drops to zero. The mitotic cycle of the oogonia lasts 16.5 hr and can be divided into 11 stages according to the concept of El‐Alfy and Leblond [(1988) Am. J. Anat., 183:45–56] on the basis of the chromatin pattern. The S‐phase (10.0 hours) extends from the telophase‐interphase transition through the interphase to early prophase. The postmitotic G1‐ and S‐phases show a more extensive duration, respectively 10 and 11.5 hours, and differ from their oogonial counterparts by the spherical shape of the nuclei from the very beginning. The chromatin pattern is similar until the end of the S‐phase and lacks any prophase‐like, preleptotenal chromatin condensation before the oocytes exhibit (pre‐) leptotenal structures. Once the germ cell has completed a sequence of clonal mitotic divisions, it irrevocably progresses into meiosis. During an extended postmitotic period, the structural characteristics of meiosis emerge stepwise. Microsc. Res. Tech. 40:377–397, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


A method for processing a threaded connection comprises determining the treatment time sufficient to form a zinc phosphate coating thickness, sufficient to form a phosphate compound within the time hopeite coating a coating thickness of at least a portion of the threaded connection (3,4) .


Objective: The aim of this study is determinate which is the participation of PPAR alpha activation in BH4 and BH2 metabolism and its implications on eNOS coupling. Design and Methods: We used male Wistar rats 250–300 g and they were divided into four groups: false ligated-(sham-V), aortic coarctation-treated with vehicle (AoCo-V), false ligated- (sham-C) and aortic coarctation-treated with clofibrate (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.)(AoCo-C). The complete recuperation was allowed and they were maintained under 12 hrs light-dark and with free access to food and water. After 7 days, intracarotide blood pressure, aortic eNOS coupling expression, serum BH4 and BH2 production and aortic and renal reactive species of oxygen were measured, and BH4:BH2 ratio was determinated. Results. After 7 days of treatment, AoCo-V rats rised blood pressure versus sham-V and sham-C groups. Administration of clofibrate to sham group did not affected blood pressure. AoCo-C group prevented rise of blood pressure versus AoCo-V group. Clofibrate administration increased eNOS coupling in AoCo-C group versus AoCo-V and it was comparable with sham-V and sham-C coupling. The mechanism involved could be through BH4:BH2 balance-recuperation. The BH4:BH2 balance is affected by oxidative stress and we observed that clofibrate administration diminished anion superoxide production in AoCo-C versus AoCo-V. Conclusion: PPAR alpha stimulation reestablished eNOS coupling, apparently through recovering BH4:BH2 balance and diminishing oxidative stress. Both can contribute to high blood pressure attenuation in hypertension secondary to AoCo. Figure 1. No caption available.


The starting point of this paper is that the development of Circular Agriculture can promote the efficient use of agricultural resources,rural incomes and environmental protection,in this paper,theoretical analysis and empirical research methods are combined,and AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods were applied to evaluate the economic,social and ecological benefits of the four main modes of circular agriculture in Xixiang,in order to provide the appropriate references for the development of circular agriculture.


This paper investigates the direction of temporal causality between budget deficit and interest rate in South Africa using quarterly data for the period of 1961:02 to 2005:04, and also for annual data covering 1961 to 2005. Based on a multivariate Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), estimated using Johansen's (1991, 1995) Maximum Likelihood Approach, we find that budget deficit Granger causes interest rate in the quarterly data. However, for the annual data, no causal relationship could be detected between the budget deficit and the Treasury bill rate. The two variables of interest are, however, positively cointegrated for both data frequency. Interestingly though, exactly the same results were obtained from the simple Granger causality tests based on a bivariate framework, comprising merely of budget deficit and interest rate.


The knowledge of anatomical variations is important for radiological and surgical procedures and it has a theoretical and practical significance for experimental research and surgical practice in domestic animals. The aim of this study was to describe the main branches of the celiac artery in domestic cats. The anatomical dissections were performed in 30 cadavers of adult cats, 15 males and 15 females, with a rostrum-sacral medium length of 47.9cm and 46.6cm respectively. Cats were positioned in right lateral decubit and a thoracic incision was made to remove the 6 th and 7 th ribs to cannulate the thoracic portion of the aorta. The vascular system was washed with saline solution, fixated with 10% formaldehyde solution and then filled with coloured Petrolatex S-65. After five days emerged in 10% formaldehyde solution, all the animals were washed in current water. The celiac artery and its proximal branches were "in situ" dissected. In females, the gastrolienal trunk was the predominant morphological arrangement (53.3%) with medium length of 0.31cm. In males, the classic celiac trifurcation was the predominant morphological arrangement (53.3%). No relation was observed between the celiac, lienal, left gastric and hepatic artery length and the rostrum-sacral length in cats. The number of gastric and lienal arteries main ramifications are not gender dependent.


I interviewed 40 Finnish bisexuals about their experiences of being bisexual in Finland for my master's thesis (Kangasvuo 2001). They told me much about their thoughts of bisexuality and one of the things they talked about was the prejudices of bisexuality maybe not surprisingly. They wanted to discuss and contemplate the public discourse of bisexuality especially the prejudices, and how they had emerged.


Quantitative conversion of 4-vinylcyclohexene into equimolar quantities of ethylbenzene and ethyl-cyclohexene occurs under the influence of catalytic quantities of rhodium trichloride in ethanolic solution.


nese populations in France, not to forget the recent increasing presence of East European nations, particularly Turkey and the Balkans. For these reasons, the principal lessons which can be derived from the chapters collected by Patricia Kolb for this book can also be read with profit by European and even more so by Asian nursing home carers. The book is divided into eight chapters. After the introductory chapter by Patricia Kolb, chapters are devoted to AfricanAmericans by Molly Davis, to American Indians by Priscilla A. Day, to Chinese Americans by Rhoda Wong, to Italian Americans by Patricia Kolb and Rosemary Hofstein, to Korean Americans by Su-Jeong Park and Suk-Young Kong, to Mexican Americans by Yvette Solis-Longeria, and finally to Puerto Ricans by Maria Cuadrado. Every chapter starts with the description of some specific individual cases, followed by the ethnic and cultural history of each ethnic/racial group. The chapters then provide specific recommendations concerning beliefs, nutritional, and inter-relational features of the different ethnic groups. The Administration of Ageing defines culture as 'the shared values, traditions, norms, customs, arts, history, folklore and institutions of a group of people'. The details of these specific aspects of each ethnic group described in this book are in themselves invaluable guides through the diversity of cultures representing the US American elderly population. This is just one of the many interesting aspects of Patricia Kolb's book, making it a worthy reading for all social nursing practitioners all over the world. L. Robert , Hôtel-Dieu, Paris Patricia J. Kolb


The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of Pale, Soft, Exudative (PSE) meat and to characterize the Dark, Fim, Dry (DFD) meat as well as the Dead on Arrival (DOA) index in a commercial turkey slaughterhouse in southern Brazil during the summer and winter seasons. The journeys (n=64) were over a distance of 36 ± 20 km and took approximately 95 ± 20 min. Color (L*) and pH distribution of turkey breast meat (n=5,352) were evaluated from different farms (n=64) during the 2015-2016 years. The pH, water-holding capacity, color (L*, a*, b*) were used to establish cutoff values for DFD meat (L* < 44.0 and pH > 5.90) and presented correlation among them. The L* value was the highest during the summer (P<0.01), indicating the highest incidence of PSE meat (28.35 %), and lowest during winter, observing the highest incidence of DFD meat (10.3 %). Finally, the obtained summer DOA index was 0.23 % higher in relation to winter.


There are two approaches for classification of chemical reactions: Model-Driven and Data-Driven. In this paper, the authors develop an efficient algorithm based on a model-driven approach developed by Ugi and co-workers for classification of chemical reactions. The authors' algorithm takes reaction matrix of a chemical reaction as input and generates its appropriate class as output. Reaction matrices being symmetric, matrix implementation of Ugi's scheme using upper/lower tri-angular matrix is of O(n2) in terms of space complexity. Time complexity of similar matrix implementation is O(n4), both in worst case as well as in average case. The proposed algorithm uses two fixed size look-up tables in a novel way and requires constant space complexity. Time complexity both in worst and average cases of the algorithm is linear.


With the improvement of railway information systems, there are already calls, e-commerce, Wechat and other service platforms with many features such as dynamic information inquiries, delivery formalities and real-time order tracking. However, the railway system has less research on the basic data and its display platform. Here, the visualization technology will be used to display the data in a new way. First, customers' requirements are analyzed in order to make better use of data. Then, the data visualization technology and platform architecture are analyzed to translate the existing railway freight data into information charts that customers want to see and a variety of information release channels are compared. Finally, not only will transparency and customer experience be enhanced, but customer loyalty will also be improved.


In the present study, the genotoxicity of dichlorvos, a widely used organophosphate pesticide, was assessed in the air-breathing teleost fish Mystus vittatus using comet assay. The specimens were exposed to sublethal concentrations of pesticide, viz., 0.045 and 0.022 ppm for a period of one week and the blood samples were collected at 24 h intervals for assessment of DNA damage in terms of Olive tail moment in the erythrocytes. Significant (p<0.01) effects of both concentration and time of exposure on DNA damage were observed in the exposed fish. The lowest DNA damage was observed on day 1 at sublethal 1 concentration, followed by gradual increase in DNA damage with increase in concentration and duration of exposure. The study, thus, revealed the potential hazard of the pesticide to fishes and also indicated suitability of the comet assay to detect DNA damage induced by the pesticide even at lower concentrations.


A laser welding worktable comprises a laser welding worktable. The laser welding worktable comprises a lower stand, a work station system mounted on the lower stand and a laser welding head, wherein the work station system comprises a clamp; the clamp comprises a vertical plate, a right transverse sliding block guide rail assembly mounted on the vertical plate, a left lower pressing plate, a left vertical sliding block guide rail assembly, a left upper pressing assembly, a right pressing assembly, an intermediate baffle assembly and a sliding air cylinder; the left lower pressing plate and the right pressing assembly are respectively used for supporting two ends of a welding workpiece; the intermediate baffle is used for positioning the welding workpiece; the left upper pressing assembly is used for driving the left upper pressing plate to move along the left vertical sliding block guide rail assembly so as to compress one end of the welding workpiece and drive the intermediate baffle to downwards move; the right pressing assembly is used for pressing the other end of the welding workpiece; and the sliding air cylinder is used for driving the right pressing assembly to move along the right sliding block guide rail assembly.


Abstract – This paper proposes a technique for detecting and identifying internal winding fault of three-phase two-winding transformer. A spectrum component obtained from DWT of differential current is analyzed. A ratio between per unit differential current and per unit time is calculated and performed as comparison indicator in order to discriminate between internal fault condition and external fault condition. Various cases based on Thailand electricity transmission and distribution systems are studied to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed technique has good accuracy to detect fault and to identify its position in the considered system. Keywords : Power transformer, External fault, Internal fault, Discrete wavelet transform 1. Introduction To guarantee safety and stability of power grid operating, a precise protection scheme is required. In the literature for fault detection, several decision algorithms have been developed to be employed in the protective relay [1-10]. Most of them have different solutions and techniques. An application of a finite impulse response ANN (FIRANN) as differential protection for a three-phase power transformer is proposed in [1]. In [2], the paper describes a new approach for transformer differential protection that ensures security for external faults, inrush, and over-excitation conditions and provides dependability for internal faults. A new relaying fuzzy logic algorithm to enhance the fault detection sensitivities of conventional techniques is proposed in [3]. The relaying algorithm consists of flux-differential current derivative curve, harmonic restraint, and percentage differential characteristic curve. In [4], a new algorithm based on processing differential current harmonics is proposed for digital differential protection of power transformers. This algorithm has been developed by considering different behavior of second harmonic components of the differential currents under fault and inrush current conditions. In [5], the paper describes a new approach for transformer differential protection that ensures security for external faults, inrush and over-excitation conditions and provides dependability for internal faults. In [6], a new algorithm based on processing differential current harmonics is proposed for digital differential protection of power transformers. This algorithm has been developed by considering different behaviors of second harmonic components of the differential currents under fault and inrush current conditions. In [7], a novel analysis of the currents arising during a turn-to-turn fault in transformer in which a winding is delta-connected is done, so that data acquisition pre- and post-fault conditions may lead to a correct diagnosis. The approach given in this paper is based on the analysis of current sequences which appear in the fault state, and mainly in the nature of a zero sequence current (ZSC) in a delta winding, which is thoroughly discussed. In [8], the paper addresses turn-to-turn faults in power transformer windings. A sensitive detection method for such faults is described. As a result, most research works are interested in only the effects from magnetizing inrush current and the discrimination between magnetizing inrush current and internal faults [1-8], and etc. In addition, wavelet transform has been reported in the literature [9]. The idea of application of wavelet transform to fault diagnosis is not new, and there is a number of research papers related to this idea [9-14]. The advantage of the wavelet transform is that the band of analysis can be fine adjusted so that high frequency components and low frequency components are detected precisely. Results from the wavelet transform are shown both in time domain and in frequency domain. In previous research works [12], an analysis of the spectrum of the transient current signal is performed in order to determine whether the current is a fault or a magnetizing inrush current. The approximated signal of DWT is then employed in the algorithm for a decision unit in the protection scheme.


Introduction: Diverticular disease of the colon is an increasingly common condition in developed countries. Diverticula can develop in any segment of the colon, but are more common on the left side. The prevalence of cecal diverticula in Western countries is 1-2%, while in the East it represents 43-50% of colonic diverticula. Furthermore, in the West, the majority are solitary. When they are solitary, they are generally congenital and true, and if they are multiple, they are typically false (pseudodiverticula) and acquired. Clinical case: 50-year-old female, administrative employee, with a history of systemic arterial hypertension and mixed dyslipidemia; that she presented to the emergency medical service reporting anorexia, generalized abdominal pain, fever of 38.2 °C on one occasion and in the absence of alterations in fecal evacuations. On physical examination, the abdomen was presented with decreased peristalsis, slightly tympanic on percussion, painful on palpation in the left iliac fossa with involuntary muscular resistance. An abdominal mass was also palpated in the left iliac fossa. Additionally, he reported mild pain on palpation in the iliac fossa. right, doubtful Mc Burney sign, negative rebound. During his hospitalization, laboratory studies were performed, which reported leukocytosis, neutrophilia and thrombocytopenia, in addition to a simple and contrasted abdominopelvic tomography which reported multiple diverticular formations in the descending and sigmoid colon, which were accompanied by striation of the pericolic fat, with fluid. free in the left slide, pelvic and perihepatic cavity, with gas particles in the slide, thickening and increased enhancement of the walls of the descending colon and sigmoid. Discussion. Right-sided diverticulitis is a rare disease in the West, accounting for 1 to 3.6% of total cases of diverticular disease. Approximately 80% of right-sided diverticula are located on the anterior surface of the cecum, close to the ileocecal valve, and are usually asymptomatic.


To study the anticancer activities of the ginsenoside and clematoside mixture in vivo,test is carried out with three kinds of mice′s transplant tumor model of sarcoma(S180),HepA and leucocythemia ascitic type (P388). The test shows that the mixture has remarkable inhibiting effect on mice′s transplant tumor like S180,HepA and P388. When the dose is 0.6 g/kg,the rate of inhibiting effect on mice′s transplant tumor like S180,HepA and P388 are 52.41%,53.57% and 54.15%(P0.01)respectively. It can remarkably prolong the life of mice (P0.01)and insignificantly influence the weight variation of mice′s immune organs,which indicates the mixture has distinct tumor inhibiting effect on mice′s transplant tumor.


An energy harvesting boost converter is presented in this paper. To maximize the source's energy harvesting performance, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology is implemented with no additional switch and time slot. This boost converter is designed with a 180nm CMOS process. The input voltage of boost converter is 0.2-0.5V and generates the output voltage of 1.2V. The total area of this converter is 600um X 475um. The measured efficiency of this DC-DC boost converter is 91.0%.


Abstract This exploration deals with the nonlinear large deflection behavior of nanocomposite plates reinforced with functionally graded carbon nanotube (FG-CNT) having various shapes with variable thickness. To accomplish this end, a hybrid quasi-3D plate model is constructed by incorporating trigonometric normal and sinusoidal transverse shear functions. The applied plate formulations have the capability to model the nanocomposite plate with only four independent variables which results in a significant reduction in the computational cost of computational calculations. Four different dispersion schemes for the CNT reinforcement are considered, the effective mechanical properties of each one are achieved via an extension of the rule of mixture. In addition, plate thickness is assumed to vary in convex, concave and linear patterns. For solving nonlinear problem, isogeometric technique using non-uniform rational B-spline basis functions is employed to integrate an accurate geometric description. It is revealed that at deeper parts of flexural response, the role of CNT dispersion pattern on the nonlinear flexural stiffness of FG-CNT reinforced composite plates gets lower importance. Moreover, it is demonstrated that by substituting linear thickness variation scheme with convex one, the influence of CNT dispersion pattern reduces, but by changing from the linear type to the concave one, this influence increases.


AN important chapter in the history of modern Greek poetry was opened by Claude-Charles Fauriel.1 He circulated a well-organized body of popular verse, fragments of which were known in western Europe to only a few travellers before him, and, of course, to Goethe.2 Yet modern Greek criticism has been ungenerous to him. Although no modern edition of Greek demotic songs can begin without acknowledging his ground-breaking contributions, his editing has been characterized as lacking fidelity,3 and his motives "naturally, indebted to the ideas of German romanticism."4 Herder's methodological outlook, and Goethe's seminal specimens of 1802 had a great deal to do with the spectacular success of Fauriel's two volumes. Versions of his work were made available in St. Petersburg, Leipzig, and London in 1825, the year of the original publication in Paris.6 On the other hand, neither Goethe's nor Fauriel's motives can be conceived apart from the strong philhellenic sentiment that had so much to do with the physical fate of that province of the Ottoman Empire called Greece. That movement did not differ, either in the kind of dreams that it evoked or in the numbers of romantic and romanticizing adherents that it set dreaming, from those movements that found the Corsicans and the Spanish "exotic" and the Americans "innocent."


Experimental research is done to determine the shear-thinning behavior of a bidisperse non-colloidal suspension under steady-state shear and the strain-stiffening behavior under oscillatory shear. The second shear-thinning behavior is displayed when the volume fraction of the bidisperse particle suspension is between medium and high. It exhibits with an increase in shear rate, the viscosity drops by approximately three orders of magnitude. At low shear rates, a strong particle size dependence of viscosity is observed, while at high shear rates, the particle size dependence is almost non-existent. To further understand the behavior of the second shear thinning, three sets of oscillatory shear tests and steady-state shear tests (constant shear rate) are carried out at three stopping points in parallel using a unique experimental technique we have developed. The values of modulus and viscosity at the third position are significantly smaller than those at the first and second positions. In the oscillatory shear test, the storage and loss moduli of the bidisperse suspension first decrease and then increase as the strain amplitude increases. The particle volume fraction, not the particle size, is closely related to the bidisperse critical strain amplitude. Compared with monodisperse suspension, bidisperse suspension has low viscosity and larger modulus well under steady-state shear and oscillatory shear operations, which is beneficial to the development of new materials and processes. Moreover, by adding a surfactant of a specific concentration to the bidisperse sample, it is proved that the change in the microstructure of the suspension particle is responsible for the rheological properties of the suspension.


The development of writing skills in L2 contexts has been the focus of researchers over the last three decades with feedback (FB) receiving attention for the positive impact it can have on the learning process. The peer feedback technique (PF) is one tool employed by language instructors that has facilitated the provision of useful FB to learners. The technique has gained a positive reputation among language instructors, especially those focused on writing. Large numbers of studies have examined the effectiveness of the technique, with many reporting some learner concerns towards it and offering recommendations for making the most of this technique. It is, nevertheless, particularly necessary for instructors to become fully aware of how to properly employ this technique in order to avoid ending up with either negative results, or no results at all. This paper aims to provide writing instructors with a brief guide to effective use of the PF technique based on recommendations given by researchers and to facilitate effective practice for both instructors and learners.


&NA; We evaluated the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine, with and without a tourniquet, to decrease the intensity of pain during intravenous propofol injection in 82 patients undergoing general anesthesia. Patients in group A (n = 20) received propofol (2 mg/kg IV); patients in group B (n = 22) received 2% lidocaine (100 mg IV) followed 1 min later by propofol (2 mg/kg). Patients in group C (n = 21, saline placebo) and D (n = 19, 2% lidocaine) had an arm tourniquet inflated to 50 mm Hg applied for 1 min after gravity drainage of venous blood. The intensity of pain along the forearm was marked on a 0‐100‐mm visual analogue scale. Pain intensity was less in group B (21 ± 19 mm) than in group A (75 ± 28 mm; P < 0.05). Pain intensity was significantly less in group D (1 ± 2 mm) compared with group B (21 ± 19 mm; P < 0.001). We conclude that intravenous lidocaine before propofol injection attenuates the painful response; whereas, lidocaine administered after a tourniquet inflated to 50 mm Hg for 1 min virtually abolishes the pain associated with intravenous propofol.


In this paper we explore the validity of using chronological age as a primary targeting factor. We show that the majority of people do not identify with their own chronological age group, perceiving themselves to belong to a younger age group. We explore how this varies across the age ranges, and identify the attitudinal and behavioural factors that determine how old (or young) people see themselves as. We then go on to demonstrate how our perceived age construct has been used to understand the way people consume and, in this case, how they consume TV and radio, using real data from the BBC.


The features of staging  information analysis  and infrastructure problems in the system of spatial planning of tourism as the  most  important stage, which  allows  to model a complex system  of decision-making and selection of appropriate levels of interaction.


During the process of teaching theoretical foundations in a Canadian school of social work, I sought to combine my teaching of critical anti-oppressive practice (AOP) with established ideas from the field of human-animal bonds (HAB) and from the spiritual experiences arising within my relationships to companion animals. This article addresses the challenges I confronted by identifying speciesism, a specific form of discrimination based on species not recognized within social work's anti-oppressive practice paradigm. I argue that anti-oppressive social work is, in effect, oppressive because it informs a perspective that prioritizes humans over other animals, nature, and the planet. By drawing on the extensive body of literature in the field of HAB, which like AOP is informed by critical social theories, this article highlights how an AOP approach is delimited to diversity among humans. The implication of anthropocentrism as the central organizing principle of AOP social work is that it limits the profession's value framework and the potential for sustainable outcomes for well-being among all beings. Pathways to address these implications are offered by reference to work that explores issues of spirituality and ethics in both social work and HAB research.


HOUSING POL'Y DEBATE 215, 224 (2015) (finding that in 2010, about 10% of all HCV households lived in neighborhoods with poverty greater than 40%, but that the percentage has grown since 2000, and about 80% of HCV households are located in tracts with more than 10% poverty). An examination of voucher holders in the fifty most populated metro areas found that voucher holders are more "economically and racially segregated than an extremely low-income comparison group." Molly W. Metzger, The Reconcentration of Poverty: Patterns of Housing Voucher Use, 2000 to 2008, 24 HOUSING POL'Y DEBATE 544, 544 (2014). Locational outcomes of HCV households are worse for African Americans than non-Hispanic white voucher holders. See Victoria Basolo & Mai Thi Nguyen, Does Mobility Matter? The Neighborhood Conditions of Housing Voucher Holders by Race and Ethnicity, 16 HOUSING POL'Y DEBATE 297, 314 (2005). But see GALVEZ, supra note 4, at 5; Deven Carlson et al., Long-Term Effects of Public LowIncome Housing Vouchers on Neighborhood Quality and Household Composition, 21 J. HOUSING ECON. 101, 116 (2012) (observing that four years after receipt, voucher holders live in census block groups with a significantly greater percentage of sixteento nineteen-year-olds in school, a lower poverty rate, and a lower unemployment rate, relative to the matched comparison cases). 27 DeLuca et al., supra note 4, at 270. 28 Raj Chetty et al., The Effects of Exposure to Better Neighborhoods on Children: New Evidence from the Moving to Opportunity Experiment, 106 AM. ECON. REV. 855, 857 (2016). Recent summaries of the literature on neighborhood effects include, for example, DeLuca et al., supra note 4, at 271–72; Ingrid Gould Ellen & Margery Austin Turner, Do Neighborhoods Matter and Why?, in CHOOSING A BETTER LIFE? EVALUATING THE MOVING TO OPPORTUNITY EXPERIMENT 313 (John Goering & Judith D. Feins eds., 2003). 29 Eric Chyn, Moved to Opportunity: The Long-Run Effect of Public Housing Demolition on Labor Market Outcomes of Children (July 1, 2016) (unpublished manuscript), h t t p s : / / a p p a m . c o n f e x . c o m / a p p a m / 2 0 1 6 / w e b p r o g r a m / P a p e r 1 6 6 1 6 . h t m l [ h t t p s : / / p e r m a . c c / A W D 5 C 3 3 Z]. Similar1420 HARVARD LAW REVIEW [Vol. 130:1408 HUD recognizes that tenant and landlord behavior will determine whether SAFMRs achieve the goal of deconcentrating poverty and allowing voucher holders to move to areas of lower poverty and higher opportunity. Indeed, the rulemaking noted that "if there are barriers to households moving to areas of higher opportunity beyond housing costs, such as transportation expenses or social factors, assisted households might be worse off if they can no longer afford their current units in their neighborhoods" after the allocated subsidy decreases for such neighborhoods under the plan.30 While the final rule provides several measures to give localities some flexibility in administering the program to mitigate those effects, it does little to account for the lived experience and actual barriers that low-income households face in finding and staying in suitable rental housing.31 Desmond's case studies suggest that those barriers, and the complexity of their interaction, may render the hope that SAFMRs will enable voucher holders to move to lower-poverty and higheropportunity neighborhoods unrealistic for many households, especially in cities facing a shortage of affordable housing in such neighborhoods. His work is a powerful call for attention to the barriers, beyond the cost of housing, that low-income households face in finding, choosing, and staying in housing. His analysis makes it imperative for policymakers to do more to address those barriers, rather than simply noting that they may exist. There are many reasons that movers would find it difficult to find better neighborhoods in their moves. First, their search often will be limited to neighborhoods they already know.32 Most low-income households move nearby when they move within the same metropolitan area.33 Voucher holders may not broaden their search for a num––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ly, other research shows that the more time a child spends in a high-poverty neighborhood, the less likely the child is to finish high school. Kyle Crowder & Scott J. South, Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Neighborhood Effects on High School Graduation, 40 SOC. SCI. RES. 87, 102–03 (2011). 30 SAFMR Rulemaking, supra note 5, at 80,569. 31 Id. at 80,568. 32 While not voucher holders, many of Desmond's characters end up in neighborhoods they know, as well: when Ned and Pam get kicked out of the trailer park, they move in with a friend in "a nearby apartment complex" (p. 228). Larraine, too, was only interested in "looking for a new place to live in the streets surrounding her church. It was the centerpiece of her life; it might as well be the centerpiece of her housing search too" (p. 223). 33 One study found that 21% of Section 8 voucher holders used their vouchers to stay in the homes they were in before receiving the voucher. MERYL FINKEL & LARRY BURON, OFFICE OF POLICY DEV. & RESEARCH, U.S. DEP'T OF HOUS. & URBAN DEV., STUDY ON SECTION 8 VOUCHER SUCCESS RATES, at iii (2001), h t t p s : / / w w w . h u d u s e r . g o v / p u b l i c a t i o n s / p d f / s e c 8 s u c c e s s . p d f [ h t t p s : / / p e r m a . c c / N V V 2 W Y 6 P ]; see also Carlson et al., supra note 26, at 108 (finding 58% of voucher holders in Wisconsin study moved within a year of receiving voucher, and 77% moved within four years). Additionally, most evidence suggests that voucher holders remain near where they lived before they received a voucher. GALVEZ, supra note 4, at 4–5; Claudia Coulton et al., 2017] SPIRALING: EVICTION AND HOUSING INSTABILITY 1421 ber of reasons: they worry about being able to use the voucher within the time the PHA allots;34 their transportation options are limited;35 or they cannot take time off from work or other obligations for a wider search.36 Moreover, getting information about housing and neighborhoods is difficult. Many voucher holders do not have easy access to the internet, at least for laptop or desktop connections that make comparing data about different neighborhoods easier.37 Brokers or others who could aid in the search are expensive, unavailable, motivated to place people as quickly as possible in order to maximize their revenues, or inclined to serve the interests of the landlords with whom they will ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Residential Mobility and Neighborhood Change: Real Neighborhoods Under the Microscope, 14 CITYSCAPE, no. 3, 2012, at 55, 69–70. 34 PHAs are required to provide at least sixty days for the household to find a house or apartment to rent with the voucher. 24 C.F.R. § 982.303 (2016). Units must pass HUD's housing quality standards. See 42 U.S.C. § 1437f(o)(8)(A)–(C) (2012). PHAs in low-vacancy jurisdictions often give longer times, and have fairly flexible policies about extending those times, but even so, many households lose their vouchers. See, e.g., Letter from N.Y.C. Dep't Hous. & Urban Dev. to U.S. Dep't Hous. & Urban Dev. (Aug. 15, 2016), https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=HUD-2016 -0063-0078 [https://perma.cc/S3QU-H7Q8] (commenting on HUD's Proposed Rule on Small Area Fair Market Rents and reporting that in New York City, "approximately one in four households looking for housing lose their voucher because their search term has expired . . . despite the fact that [the City's PHAs] provide a minimum of 120 days to search and have generous extension policies"). But many PHAs are not prone to give extensions. DeLuca et al., supra note 4, at 278. That inflexibility, combined with the fact that receiving a voucher often comes as an unexpected lightning bolt out of the sky, can create a fair amount of panic among households receiving vouchers as they start to search for an apartment or house. Id. at 277–78. 35 Desmond describes the problems Pam faced without a car (p. 51). See also Laura Carrillo et al., Housing Decisions Among Low-Income Hispanic Households in Chicago, 18 CITYSCAPE, no. 2, 2016, at 109, 125 (describing case studies showing the difficulty of searching without a car, and the special problems that undocumented households face because driving for undocumented individuals is a "risky proposition"); Rolf Pendall et al., Driving to Opportunities: Voucher Users, Cars, and Movement to Sustainable Neighborhoods, 17 CITYSCAPE, no. 2, 2015, at 57 (exploring the connection between access to autos and neighborhood quality of voucher holders); Peter Rosenblatt & Stefanie DeLuca, "We Don't Live Outside, We Live in Here": Neighborhood and Residential Mobility Decisions Among Low-Income Families, 11 CITY & COMMUNITY 254, 264 (2012) (reporting that many participants in HUD's Moving to Opportunity experiment said that limited access to public transportation made moving to and staying in areas with less poverty difficult). 36 In 2010, three-fourths of voucher holders who were not elderly or disabled either worked or participated in programs with work requirements. BARBARA SARD & THYRIA ALVAREZSÁNCHEZ, CTR. ON BUDGET & POLICY PRIORITIES, LARGE MAJORITY OF HOUSING VOUCHER RECIPIENTS WORK, ARE ELDERLY, OR HAVE DISABILITIES (2011), h t t p : / / w w w . c b p p . o r g / r e s e a r c h / l a r g e m a j o r i t y o f h o u s i n g v o u c h e r r e c i p i e n t s w o r k a r e e l d e r l y -or-have-disabilities [https://perma.cc/H49Y-SBEV]. About 49% of voucher holders are elderly or have disabilities. Id. 37 As of 2013, only 48% of households making less than $25,000 had internet in their homes. THOM FILE & CAMILLE RYAN, U.S. DEP'T OF COMMERCE, COMPUTER AND INTERNET USE IN THE UNITED STATES: 2013 (2014), h t t p s : / / w w w . c e n s u s . g o v / h i s t o r y / p d f / 2 0 1 3 c o m p u t e r u s e . p d f [https://perm


According to the basic definition of porosity and mechanical equilibrium principle,and fully considering the primary deformation caused by the three aspects:the expansion of gas adsorption and shrinkage of desorption of coal seam,the expansion and shrinkage caused by the temperature effect,and the compression of the coal skeleton caused by the gas pressure of pore,a porosity dynamic evolution model of gas-filled coal under the compression condition(before expansion) and an effective stress equation expressed by adsorption thermodynamic parameters and gas pressure,are established According to the experimental data of porosity and triaxial stress test of gas-filled coal,the theoretical formula established above is verifed.The results show that the theoretical calculation results are consistent with the measured data and test conclusions.Fitting accuracy of theoretical model is good and the error is small.The research results have some guidance significance to the gas exploitation in coal seam and mining gas disaster prevention.


A trial was carried out on the load of individual plant of V. amruensis Rupr. The results show that in a vineyardbuilt with 2.5m as row spacing and 1.0m as plant spacing, the yield per plant, number of clusters, number of little green berriesand total acidity of berry increased correspondingly with the increase of the number of buds left in winter pruning, but the sproutingrate of plants, average weight of clusters and sugar of fruit decreased greatly. It was suitable to reserve 45~47 buds per plant inwinter pruning.


Summary form only given. Lidar (light detection and ranging) is used for underwater surveillance. A pulse of blue-green optical radiation is transmitted from an airborne platform, and target information is extracted from the detected echo. A novel detection scheme has been conceived by combining microwave radar and lidar. In the hybrid configuration, the radar signal is impressed on the optical carrier by modulating the carrier at microwave frequencies. The reflected optical signal, with the superimposed microwave envelope, is detected by a high-speed photodetector.


This paper studies the terms-of-trade effects from economy-specific
shocks to productivity with a focus on developing economies using a panel
vector autoregression model with interactive fixed effects and the "maxshare"
approach. We find that the terms of trade in developing economies
show insignificant dynamics after such shocks. The analysis of a more
detailed classification of developing economies reveals a finding of critical
importance: a positive economy-specific productivity shock results in a
significant improvement in the terms of trade in the developing economies
with a high degree of export diversification, indicating a clear violation of
the small-country assumption for these economies.


A combination of density functional theory and experimental measurements via ultraviolet and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies is used to explore the nature of the interface between the stoichiometric molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) or its under‐stoichiometric counterpart with oxygen vacancies, and an organic hole‐transport layer represented by 4,4′‐N,N′‐dicarbazole‐biphenyl (CBP). Upon adsorption of CBP, special attention is paid to i) the appearance of gap states and the reduction of the molybdenum oxide surface, and ii) the evolution of the work function. Very good agreement is found between theory and experiment. The near alignment of the CBP highest occupied molecular orbital with the Fermi level and the conduction band edge of molybdenum oxide points to facile hole collection or injection.


We previously have found biofilms in the hippocampi of Alzheimer's disease (AD) post mortem brain specimens. We had seen them in an extracellular location and noted them to be present in the areas of pathological plaque formation. Other investigators have found the presence of spirochetes (Lyme and dental) in affected (AD) brains, and these have been correlated with Treponema pallidum. In a recent historical comparison of the pathology of syphilis, the histological findings of syphilis and AD were shown to be exactly the same. Further, spirochetes have been cultured from the affected brains and have been found to make biofilms and beta amyloid precursor protein. Utilizing the same pathological methods as in our prior study, we have found biofilms in an intracellular location. The similarity of this finding to other diseases has been presented; and, the impact of the "intra" versus the "extra" cellular location is discussed.


A constrained optimization method for cable tensions under dead loads was applied.By constraining elevation of girder and asymmetric coefficient of cable tensions,the reasonable cable tensions under dead loads were obtained with the moment distribution taken as object,which made the absolute value of negative moment envelope diagram equal those of positive one under combined loads. A condition assessment model of cable tensions was then proposed.Based on analytic hierarchical process(AHP) and variable weight synthesizing method,the performance of cable tensions was evaluated based on a sequence of measured data with the application of correlation of slope coefficient.Results showed that the correlation between slope coefficients of the measured and standard cable tensions is relatively high.With the decrease of balance coefficient,the estimated performance is a process of degeneration.


This essay is written from the perspective of a writer, with a back catalogue of literary titles, who has recently written a commercial romantic comedy, using a nom de plume. The essay interrogates issues surrounding the adoption of pseudonyms, giving both historical and contemporary examples. It also explores the perceived differences between literary fiction and commercial fiction, citing US writer Joyce Carol Oates's distinction between 'serious writers' and 'entertainers and propagandists'. The essay argues that serious writing and entertainment are not necessarily mutually exclusive, and that it is not desirable for them to be placed in a hierarchy of importance; both 'serious writing' and 'entertainment' offer value to the world.


Mobile Ad-hoc Networks(MANET) are the assembly of mobile nodes that inter-communicate on shared wireless channels without any fixed infrastructure or any centralized control. It's a self configuring network where each node must function as a router. These mobile nodes move arbitrarily and form irregular topologies. Routing is consequently a prime challenge in ad-hoc networks. Many routing protocols have been proposed to date where each one has its own advantages and pitfalls and thus used in different scenarios. These protocols mainly belong to three categories namely proactive, reactive and hybrid. This paper provides an overview and comparison of some of the protocols by presenting their characteristics, functionality, benefits and limitations.


Surgical Treatment of Focal Hyperhidrosis The authors explain the risk of compensatory hyperhidrosis after endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy (ETS) for palmar hyperhidrosis. Recent studies have shown that the rate and severity of compensatory hyperhidrosis seems to decrease notably if the ETS is performed from ganglion T3 and T2 is spared (1). Unfortunately, the authors do not differentiate between individual techniques in the section on local surgical techniques for axillary hyperhidrosis. Curettage and liposuction are mentioned, but the techniques that are accompanied by resection of axillary skin remain unmentioned (Shelley technique, Salfeld technique). Even though skin sparing techniques have been favored in recent years, there is no comparative study to date which shows a higher efficacy for a particular method. The authors explain that the aim of a technique without skin resection is "complete—as far as possible—removal of the axillary sweat glands" and cite a 1987 article by Bisbal et al in support. The Bisbal technique, however, is characterized by an S shaped removal of large parts of the axillary skin and has nothing in common with the named minimally invasive techniques. By contrast, a recent study has shown that 79.1% of all axillary sweat glands were removed when an aggressive method was used but no skin was resected (2). In conclusion, we wish to comment on the terminology used for the surgical techniques. Axillary liposuction is practically not used any more nowadays because the use of blunt cannulas has not been shown to be sufficiently effective (3). The term used should be that of liposuction curettage or sweat gland suction curettage, which clarifies that in addition to liposuction, a sharp ablation of the sweat glands is required with special sharp cannulas or, in a second operative step, by using a curette.


The relation of attenuation length to energy partition among components of a cosmic shower is shown. Values consistent with each other were found for the quantities involved. Diagrams show the lateral structure of showers. Studies of shower cores suggest the superposition of an energetic core on the ordinary core in about 10% of the showers. The differential energy spectrum of nuclear active particles in showers of size 10/sup 4/ to 10/sup 6/ shows an apparent change of the exponent between 10/sup 12/ and 10/sup 13/ ev. (A.G.W.)


Background: Self-medication is a part of self-care, hence responsible use of drugs by physician is vital to prevent their acute and chronic adverse effects. People take medicines with their previous experiences and old prescriptions. People also take drugs on suggestion of pharmacist, friends and relatives during mild illness and emergencies.

Aim and Objectives: To study the prevalence, knowledge, perception, and reasons in practice of self-medication among undergraduate medical students in rural medical college of Telangana state.

Materials and Methods: Study was conducted among 2nd year medical students of Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana by using questionnaire.

Results: 129 students participated in study of which 96% of medical students use drugs for self-medications. Allopathic drugs (86%) are commonly using drugs. Students use drugs for fever (74%), cold and cough (68%), headache (50%), and pain (41%). Frequently using drugs are antipyretics (62%), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (48%), cough suppressants (43%) and antibiotics (34%). The sources of drug information are old-prescription (53%) and pharmacists (30.6%). Reasons for self-medication are mild nature of illness (79%) and urgency.

Conclusions: Self-medication is common practice in medical male and female students. They commonly use allopathic medicines like paracetamol and other NSAIDs for fever and sore throat. They use self-medication during mild diseases and also urgency. Frequently use old prescription and pharmacist's assistance as sources of drug information.


The value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)positron emission tomography(PET)in clinical oncology has been highly appreciated. However, its definite contribution in cervical cancer is still in evaluation. Here we describe a patient with advanced cervical cancer who underwent FDG-PET study for assessment of the occult recurrence. Multiple nodal metastases involving paraaortic, mediastinal, left axillary and left periclavicular lymph modes were demonstrated. The present case implies the value of FDG-PET for assessment of nodal metastasis in patients with advanced cervical cancer.


The questions of functioning of socially oriented non-profit organizations in modern economic conditions are considered. Proposals for state support of attracting extra-budgetary funds to support the SONO with the help of mechanisms to stimulate public-private partnership, volunteering, charity are substantiated. The analysis and formulated specific proposals for the development of the Institute of socially oriented NGOs in the field of health, education and culture. The work has prepared a number of proposals and practical recommendations for the Executive authorities.


Mesotrione is one of triketone herbicides widely used in corn fields to control broadleaf and some grass weeds because of its high herbicidal activity and crop safety. However, mesotrione is unstable during the progress of storage and application and it can easily enter the groundwater to cause environmental pollution due to its high leakage in soil. In this study, twenty-two new salts based on mesotrione, most of which were herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs), were synthesized by pairing with different structural cations to optimize the physicochemical properties for solving these problems of mesotrione. The results showed that the water solubilities of HILs were no longer limited by pH, and could be decreased by selecting suitable paired cations. And HILs exhibited higher thermal stability, lower surface tension, higher octanol-water partition coefficient, better soil adsorption capacity and herbicidal activity than mesotrione. HIL-22 paired with cetylpyridinium could meet the requirements such as control e...


An improved and optimum process for preparing 2-Amylanthraquinone by re-acting t-amylbenzene with phthalic anhydride, involving Friedel-Crafts acylation (yield 80. 2%) and cyclization(yield 81.4%).


Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a modifiable risk factor for diseases throughout life. This study estimates the prevalence of ACEs in children, addressing associated sociodemographic characteristics and examining the relationship of ACEs with the child's health and behaviors. We used information on 5295 participants at 10 years old, of the birth cohort Generation XXI, established in Porto, Portugal. Children answered a self-administered questionnaire on ACEs, based on the original ACEs study. Principal component analysis was used to group correlated ACEs, and a score was computed to assess their cumulative effect. Overall, 96.2% of children reported having been exposed to at least one ACE. The most prevalent ACE was a household member shouting, yelling, or screaming at the child (57.7%). Boys were more likely than girls to report "abuse", "school problems", and "death/severe disease". Low parental education, income, and unemployment were associated with an increased risk of "school problems", "death/severe disease", and "household dysfunction". We observed that the dimensions of ACEs could be identified at 10 years of age. A disadvantaged socioeconomic environment was associated with dimensions of ACEs. These data illustrate the natural history of dimensions of ACEs and their potential social patterning.


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of hydroxylapatite (HA) ceramic coatings on the ultimate interface shear strength, the rate of development of attachment strength and the degree of bone ingrowth or apposition to various implant surfaces. For the HA-coated and uncoated porous systems the long-term maximum strengths were equivalent at about 20 MPa. The development of the maximum interface strength was twice as long for the non-HA porous system versus 6-12 weeks for the uncoated system. The HA-coated textured systems had interface strengths approximately 75-90% that of the porous systems, with maximum strength in approximately 3-6 weeks. The non-HA-coated system required 10 weeks to reach this strength. A monolayer system, which had slightly greater interfacial area than a grooved system, showed a greater interfacial strength at all time periods.<<ETX>>


The invention discloses a preparing method of difficult dissolving alloy through powder metallurgical technique, which is characterized by the following: selecting titanium hydride and zirconium hydride particle of Fisher grain at 5-10um with maximum particle not more than 10um; preparing TZM modybdenum alloy; dispersing evenly in the sintering course due to little second phase grain size; improving high-temperature property and normal-temperature fragility.


There are two levels of meaning in "Utopia": one for "Utopia" in my personal writing and the other for "Utopia" in China's history and reality. In the former one, I realize my dream and anticipation through my personal ting, and create my own ideal world in my novels, while in the latter one, it refers to China's awakening from communist "Utopia" and falling into capitalist "Utopia". My personal writing (including my language, structure, narration, story, characters, and my consciousness to the reality) centers on the two levels of "Utopia".


From the survey results of primary and secondary school buildings in villages,the paper analyzes the main factors affecting the durability of masonry structure,and analyzes the effect of durability to seismic impact.It points out the important role of durability design and testing for safety of primary and secondary school buildings in villages,and put forward recommendations of durability design and testing.


The presented contribution analyses – in the context of Jan Zouhar's research scope and also on the background of the professional interests of the immortalized František Kautman (1927–2016) – the 'philosophy' of T. G. Masaryk's (1850–1937) work. At the beginning, there are new publications on his alleged origin from the family of the Austro-Hungarian monarch, further their fictionalization, the investigation of his late sexual life and, last but not least, the flow of his juvenile correspondence with Zdenka Šemberová (1841–1912). For her, this communication was full of erotic and intellectual hopes which were not fulfilled and led to her lifelong loneliness and resignation, especially after the death of her father Alois Vojtěch Šembera (1807–1882), professor of Vienna Slavonic studies, one of the first opponents of the medieval authenticity of the legendary Czech Manuscripts, all of this on the background of the life of the university and Czech Vienna, where they both lived, and the adjacent Moravia. Masaryk, with his weak knowledge of standard Czech, Šemberová, at that time already a mature lady, record in their correspondence the course of their lives, their opinions, readings, and document their intellectual maturing. Their correspondence represents evidence of the lives of both: Masaryk was gradually becoming a scholar and mainly a politician, and understood their correspondence, from which Zdenka expected also an amorous fulfilment, as a mere practical exercise in stylistics and a confrontation of opinions. Their correspondence throws a new, not always favourable light on the youth of the future Czechoslovak president. Already there, the elementary features of his personality were taking their shapes.